equal_a to_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v send_v and_o be_v in_o law_n no_o way_n liable_a to_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o this_o be_v among_o other_o the_o opinion_n of_o alberic_n gentil_n a_o engglish_a lawyer_n de_fw-fr legationibus_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 10._o and_o it_o be_v clear_a from_o liv._o lib._n 6._o &_o lib._n 43._o 2._o king_n henry_n of_o england_n be_v to_o enter_v upon_o a_o war_n with_o simeon_n earl_n of_o leicester_n do_v entreat_v supply_n from_o alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o lest_o this_o may_v infer_v any_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o superiority_n he_o do_v by_o letter_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o by_o his_o ambassador_n public_o declare_v that_o he_o do_v not_o crave_v this_o aid_n as_o superior_a to_o which_o superiority_n he_o have_v no_o pretence_n 3._o the_o same_o king_n alexander_n be_v invite_v to_o assist_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o be_v unwilling_a to_o go_v there_o lest_o it_o may_v infer_v a_o acknowledgement_n king_n edward_n do_v declare_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la debito_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la gratia_n tantummodo_fw-la hoc_fw-la petebat_fw-la 4._o the_o same_o king_n alexander_n be_v to_o make_v homage_n in_o england_n to_o king_n edward_n for_o the_o land_n of_o penrith_n and_o tindale_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o king_n edward_n he_o do_v public_o protest_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la regno_fw-la scotiae_fw-la sed_fw-la pro_fw-la terris_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it dictum_fw-la homagium_fw-la faciebat_fw-la rexque_fw-la iste_fw-la angliae_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la homagium_fw-la admisit_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la talia_fw-la fuisse_fw-la &_o similia_fw-la prius_fw-la facta_fw-la homagia_fw-la regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la per_fw-la reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la nam_fw-la talia_fw-la fuisse_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la quale_fw-la fuit_fw-la illud_fw-la declaratum_fw-la &_o expositum_fw-la homagium_fw-la nam_fw-la talia_fw-la sunt_fw-la subjecta_fw-la qualia_fw-la praeadicata_fw-la admittunt_fw-la which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n use_v in_o the_o answer_n make_v by_o the_o scot_n before_o the_o pope_n where_o all_o the_o former_a four_o instance_n be_v full_o discuss_v and_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o witness_n beyond_o all_o exception_n the_o writ_n themselves_o have_v be_v design_o take_v away_o by_o king_n edward_n and_o fordon_n have_v in_o his_o history_n unprint_v copy_n of_o several_a letter_n write_v by_o the_o say_a pope_n boniface_n and_o other_o declare_v that_o those_o instance_n consist_v in_o their_o knowledge_n and_o some_o of_o those_o instance_n be_v full_o repeat_v by_o duchesne_n pag._n 661._o who_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v since_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n and_o even_o matthew_n paris_n a_o learned_a english_a historian_n do_v declare_v that_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o do_v when_o he_o be_v go_v to_o the_o holy_a war_n disclaim_v this_o pretend_a superiority_n over_o scotland_n anno_fw-la 1188._o which_o disclamation_n be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o hovedean_n another_o historian_n of_o the_o same_o nation_n and_o when_o matthew_n paris_n speak_v of_o the_o homage_n do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v it_o only_o to_o be_v for_o his_o land_n in_o england_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la fecit_fw-la homagium_fw-la regi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ricardo_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it which_o be_v ordinary_o the_o stile_n use_v by_o historian_n when_o they_o write_v of_o this_o subject_a and_o thus_o duchesne_n say_v that_o alexander_n make_v homage_n to_o henry_n the_o three_o for_o his_o possession_n in_o england_n but_o refuse_v to_o make_v he_o homage_n for_o scotland_n and_o that_o king_n alexander_n send_v a_o cartell_n to_o king_n henry_n for_o assert_v that_o he_o have_v make_v he_o homage_n for_o scotland_n the_o copy_n of_o the_o homage_n be_v yet_o extant_a at_o rome_n and_o the_o minute_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o express_v in_o the_o record_n of_o our_o old_a abbacy_n memorandum_n anno_fw-la gratiae_n milesimo_fw-la ducentesimo_fw-la septuagesimo_fw-la octavo_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la simonis_n &_o judae_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la alexander_n rex_fw-la scotiae_fw-la fecit_fw-la homagium_fw-la domino_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la filio_fw-la regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la sub_fw-la his_fw-la verbis_fw-la ego_fw-la devenero_fw-la hominem_fw-la vestrum_fw-la pro_fw-la terris_fw-la quas_fw-la de_fw-la vobis_fw-la teneo_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la homagium_fw-la vobis_fw-la debeo_fw-la salvo_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la tunc_fw-la dixit_fw-la episcopus_fw-la norvicensis_fw-la &_o salvum_fw-la sit_fw-la regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la si_fw-la jus_o habuerit_fw-la ad_fw-la homagium_fw-la vestrum_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la cui_fw-la rex_fw-la statim_fw-la respondit_fw-la aperte_fw-la dicens_fw-la ad_fw-la homagium_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la scotiae_fw-la nullus_fw-la jus_o habet_fw-la nisi_fw-la solus_fw-la deus_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la ullo_fw-la teneo_fw-la nisi_fw-la solo_fw-la deo_fw-la 4._o king_n alexander_n have_v die_v without_o male_n edward_n the_o first_o treat_v for_o a_o marriage_n betwixt_o margaret_n princess_n of_o scotland_n call_v the_o maid_n of_o norway_n and_o edward_n his_o son_n in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o pregnant_a acknowledgement_n of_o this_o freedom_n volentes_fw-la &_o concedentes_fw-la quod_fw-la deficientibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la edwardo_n &_o margarita_n vel_fw-la eorum_fw-la altero_fw-la absque_fw-la liberis_fw-la extantibus_fw-la in_fw-la omni_fw-la casu_fw-la &_o eventu_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la ad_fw-la proximiores_fw-la haeredes_fw-la regnum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la debeat_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la reverti_fw-la integre_n habere_fw-la absolute_a absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la subjectione_n revertatur_fw-la &_o restituatur_fw-la iisdem_fw-la and_o in_o the_o close_a of_o that_o paper_n it_o be_v say_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o prejudice_n do_v to_o either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n quin_fw-la libere_fw-la habeant_fw-la statum_fw-la suum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o deputation_n give_v by_o the_o governor_n of_o scotland_n date_v at_o melross_n anno_fw-la 1289._o for_o treat_v that_o marriage_n this_o express_a reservation_n be_v insert_v salvis_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la &_o per_fw-la omne_fw-la libertate_fw-la &_o honore_n regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la which_o reservation_n be_v likewise_o insert_v in_o a_o warrant_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n for_o treat_v the_o say_a marriage_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o all_o the_o scottish_a address_n to_o he_o and_o accept_v by_o he_o he_o be_v only_o design_v rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la &_o dux_n aquitaniae_n but_o never_o design_v himself_o dominus_fw-la superior_a scotiae_fw-la till_o after_o the_o war_n which_o show_v that_o his_o former_a airy_a title_n be_v very_o unjust_a 9_o as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o scot_n to_o be_v no_o vassal_n so_o have_v their_o law_n and_o lawyer_n for_o it_o be_v content_v by_o these_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v alien_n to_o england_n and_o can_v not_o have_v succeed_v to_o any_o estate_n in_o england_n without_o be_v naturalize_v whereas_o alibi_fw-la genitura_fw-la presuppose_n that_o the_o alibi_fw-la nati_fw-la be_v not_o vassal_n for_o this_o jus_o alibi_fw-la geniturae_fw-la call_v by_o the_o french_a droit_fw-fr d'_fw-fr aubeyne_n be_v settle_v upon_o this_o maxim_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n that_o because_o feus_n be_v grant_v by_o over-lord_n or_o superior_n upon_o design_n and_o promise_n that_o their_o vassal_n shall_v serve_v they_o upon_o all_o occasion_n against_o all_o person_n and_o never_o reveal_v their_o secret_n nor_o conceal_v what_o may_v be_v their_o disadvantage_n therefore_o feudalist_n do_v just_o conclude_v that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v liege_n man_n to_o two_o supreme_a superior_n or_o over-lord_n because_o these_o duty_n be_v imprestable_a to_o both_o see_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o one_o may_v be_v incompatible_a with_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o other_o and_o they_o may_v by_o war_a against_o one_o another_o distract_v the_o alleadgeance_n of_o their_o vassal_n and_o because_o man_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o serve_v their_o native_a prince_n than_o other_o therefore_o stranger_n be_v always_o suspect_v nor_o have_v they_o allowance_n to_o sell_v the_o feus_n to_o which_o they_o succeed_v lest_o they_o shall_v carry_v away_o the_o price_n out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o possible_o employ_v it_o against_o the_o same_o country_n which_o principle_n seem_v at_o first_o to_o have_v flow_v from_o the_o roman_a law_n by_o which_o the_o good_n of_o stranger_n die_v in_o rome_n fall_v to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o fisk_n &_o fiebant_fw-la caduca_fw-la with_o this_o foundation_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n found_v upon_o so_o clear_a reason_n do_v the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n agree_v who_o account_v not_o these_o alien_n who_o live_v under_o the_o same_o alleadgeance_n thus_o rageau_n pag._n 67._o aubains_fw-fr sont_fw-fr estranger_n mais_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d qui_fw-fr n'_fw-fr est_fw-fr pa_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr soveraignete_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr courounne_n de_fw-fr france_n vid._n bacquet_n du_fw-fr droit_fw-fr d'_fw-fr aubeyne_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1557._o and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o milan_n the_o experte_a feudalist_n of_o all_o the_o world_n alibi_fw-la genitura_fw-la extend_v not_o to_o
any_o who_o have_v swear_v alleadgeance_n and_o live_v within_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n though_o not_o within_o milan_n since_o then_o the_o english_a will_v not_o allow_v we_o the_o right_n of_o sucession_n nor_o the_o other_o benefit_n due_a natural_o to_o subject_n it_o be_v strange_o monstruous_a and_o repugnant_a that_o they_o design_v to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o we_o be_v subject_n it_o be_v also_o very_o remarkable_a that_o if_o our_o kingdom_n have_v be_v only_o a_o feu_fw-fr hold_v of_o england_n our_o nobility_n can_v not_o have_v precedency_n from_o other_o according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n for_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o superior_a kingdom_n ought_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o such_o as_o write_v of_o precedency_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o these_o who_o live_v in_o the_o vassal-kingdom_n 10._o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v a_o feu_n to_o england_n the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o superior_a will_v have_v have_v the_o keep_n of_o our_o young_a prince_n and_o the_o dispose_n of_o they_o in_o marriage_n and_o the_o feu_n will_v have_v be_v in_o his_o hand_n during_o their_o minority_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o right_n of_o proper_a feus_n by_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o this_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v a_o proper_a feu_fw-fr as_o all_o feus_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v except_o the_o vassal_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feu_n be_v impropriate_v for_o the_o vassal_n advantage_n but_o yet_o no_o king_n of_o england_n do_v ever_o pretend_v to_o the_o guardianship_n of_o our_o young_a prince_n nor_o to_o name_v governor_n during_o their_o minority_n but_o on_o the_o contrare_fw-la alexander_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v leave_v only_o a_o young_a princess_n called_z margaret_z who_o be_v nice_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o young_a princess_n but_o entreat_v that_o she_o may_v be_v marry_v to_o edward_n the_o second_o his_o son_n and_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o issue_n of_o that_o marriage_n scotland_n shall_v remain_v a_o free_a kingdom_n as_o it_o be_v former_o inthe_n dependent_a from_o all_o pretension_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o be_v likewise_o another_o acknowledgement_n make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n themselves_o of_o the_o independency_n of_o scotland_n and_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v superior_n of_o scotland_n there_o will_v have_v be_v some_o vestige_n of_o this_o superiority_n to_o be_v see_v in_o our_o law_n whereas_o all_o our_o law_n call_v still_o our_o crown_n the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o scotland_n or_o in_o our_o coin_n all_o coin_n bear_v some_o impression_n from_o the_o superior_a and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v have_v remand_v from_o our_o court_n or_o out_o of_o our_o country_n such_o as_o have_v commit_v crime_n against_o their_o king_n or_o law_n it_o be_v a_o undoubted_a principle_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n that_o qui_fw-la habet_fw-la dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la potest_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la svam_fw-la explicare_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o territorio_fw-la vassalli_n quam_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la habet_fw-la enim_fw-la dominus_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la cumulativam_fw-la cum_fw-la vassallo_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o it_o can_v never_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n offer_v to_o exerce_fw-la any_o jurisdiction_n in_o scotland_n or_o do_v require_v any_o criminal_o who_o have_v flee_v into_o scotland_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o they_o nor_o do_v ever_o the_o english_a pretend_v to_o punish_v such_o scotsmen_n as_o be_v take_v fight_v against_o they_o abroad_o as_o traitor_n and_o guilty_a of_o treason_n as_o certain_o they_o will_v have_v do_v if_o they_o have_v be_v vassal_n to_o england_n but_o on_o the_o contrair_a the_o english_a do_v also_o ransom_n they_o and_o use_v they_o every_o way_n as_o they_o do_v other_o stranger_n and_o foreigner_n 11._o the_o scot_n have_v intend_v a_o declarator_n of_o freedom_n against_o edward_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n the_o process_n be_v delegated_a by_o pope_n boniface_n the_o viii_o to_o baldredus_n one_o of_o the_o great_a lawyer_n of_o that_o time_n who_o consider_v very_o full_o the_o reason_n proponed_a hine_n inde_fw-la by_o both_o party_n and_o have_v make_v a_o full_a report_n to_o the_o pope_n the_o pope_n do_v very_o sharp_o reprove_v the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o declare_v that_o scotland_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o it_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n and_o that_o the_o english_a have_v attack_v scotland_n most_o unjust_o against_o all_o both_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n as_o duchesne_n observe_v pag._n 66._o the_o letter_n itself_o that_o be_v write_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n with_o all_o the_o process_n which_o be_v call_v processus_n baldredi_n be_v yet_o extant_a in_o fordons_n chronicle_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o england_n may_v have_v expect_v much_o more_o favour_n from_o the_o pope_n than_o scotland_n can_v since_o they_o pay_v he_o a_o constant_a revenue_n call_v peter_n penny_n and_o since_o england_n be_v know_v to_o afford_v much_o great_a casualty_n to_o the_o pope_n then_o can_v have_v be_v expect_v from_o this_o kingdom_n in_o state_v the_o argument_n which_o be_v propose_v by_o the_o english_a for_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v vassal_n for_o their_o crown_n to_o england_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o these_o which_o be_v insist_v upon_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o 1._o in_o the_o former_a process_n the_o first_o be_v that_o brutus_n descend_v from_o the_o trojan_n do_v conquer_v britain_n and_o divide_v it_o among_o his_o three_o son_n to_o the_o elder_a of_o who_o call_v by_o historian_n locrine_n or_o locuus_fw-la as_o he_o be_v term_v in_o that_o process_n he_o leave_v logria_n now_o call_v england_n to_o the_o second_o call_v albanactus_n he_o leave_v albany_n now_o call_v scotland_n to_o the_o three_o call_v camber_n he_o leave_v cambria_n now_o call_v wales_n but_o humbert_n king_n of_o the_o huns_n have_v kill_v albanactus_n locrine_n the_o elder_a to_o revenge_v his_o brother_n death_n do_v kill_v humbert_n and_o reunite_v albany_n to_o logria_n or_o england_n the_o second_o be_v that_o donvall_a king_n of_o the_o britan_n kill_v staterius_n king_n of_o scotland_n who_o rebel_v against_o he_o and_o become_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a isle_n which_o dunvall_a have_v two_o son_n belinus_n and_o brounus_fw-la he_o leave_v the_o superiority_n of_o scotland_n with_o england_n to_o the_o elder_a and_o the_o property_n only_o of_o scotland_n to_o the_o second_o the_o three_o be_v that_o arthur_n king_n of_o the_o britan_n have_v overcome_v scotland_n he_o give_v that_o kingdom_n to_o angusell_n who_o acknowledge_v he_o as_o his_o superior_a and_o carry_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o the_o four_o be_v that_o aldestan_n king_n of_o england_n have_v conquer_v constantine_n king_n of_o scotland_n do_v pray_v to_o god_n that_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o st._n john_n de_fw-fr benlaco_n he_o may_v by_o a_o miracle_n be_v declare_v the_o just_a superior_a of_o scotland_n whereupon_o he_o do_v strict_a with_o his_o sword_n at_o a_o rock_n near_o dumbar_n and_o make_v a_o gape_v in_o it_o a_o full_a yard_n in_o length_n the_o five_o be_v that_o william_n king_n of_o scotland_n do_v acknowledge_v himself_o vassal_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n acknowledge_v himself_o vassal_n to_o king_n henry_n and_o that_o the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n call_v in_o the_o say_v edward_n to_o arbitrate_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o bruce_n and_o baliol._n peter_n heylen_n speak_v of_o scotland_n in_o his_o geography_n pag._n 1289._o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v still_o vassal_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v by_o these_o argument_n 1._o by_o the_o homage_n service_n and_o other_o duty_n do_v by_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n to_o those_o of_o england_n malcome_n the_o three_o do_v homage_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n as_o william_n one_o of_o his_o successor_n do_v to_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o three_o county_n in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n or_o the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdoun_n as_o be_v by_o some_o pretend_a but_o for_o the_o very_a crown_n itself_o kenneth_n the_o three_o be_v also_o one_o of_o those_o titulary_a or_o vassal_n king_n who_o row_v king_n edgar_n over_o the_o dee_n 2._o by_o the_o interpose_v of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o scot_n to_o that_o interpose_v in_o determine_v the_o contraversie_n of_o succession_n betwixt_o bruce_n and_o balliol_n as_o in_o the_o like_a case_n philip_z the_o fair_a adjudge_v the_o title_n of_o artoys_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o then_o in_o question_n betwixt_o the_o lady_n maud_n
petitionem_fw-la willielmi_n regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la he_o grant_v a_o liberty_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o aberbrothick_n to_o transport_v their_o good_n through_o england_n free_a from_o custom_n and_o matth._n par._n in_o many_o treatise_n relate_v by_o he_o give_v they_o that_o title_n and_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o in_o a_o express_a rescript_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n cap._n 4._o decret_a de_fw-fr immunit_fw-la eccles._n write_v innocentius_n iii_o illustri_fw-la regi_fw-la scotiae_fw-la which_o behove_v to_o be_v to_o king_n william_n who_o do_v reign_v in_o that_o pope_n time_n nor_o be_v this_o argument_n from_o the_o designation_n conclude_v since_o it_o be_v not_o convertible_a for_o even_o feudatory_a king_n do_v and_o do_v assume_v their_o designation_n from_o the_o kingdom_n they_o hold_v as_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n sicily_n etc._n etc._n which_o evince_v that_o it_o follow_v not_o necessary_o that_o the_o king_n of_o these_o kingdom_n be_v feudatory_a king_n because_o they_o be_v design_v reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la and_o not_o scotiae_fw-la and_o in_o many_o place_n of_o his_o history_n matth._n paris_n call_v the_o king_n of_o england_n reges_fw-la anglorum_fw-la as_o in_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o king_n john_n henry_n the_o three_o it_o appear_v also_o by_o the_o former_a transaction_n betwixt_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o the_o governor_n of_o scotland_n that_o margaret_n be_v even_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n constant_o design_v regina_fw-la ac_fw-la domina_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o i_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n betwixt_o henry_n the_o vii_o for_o his_o daughter_n queen_n margaret_n and_o james_n the_o iv._o that_o sometime_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la and_o sometime_o rex_fw-la scotiae_fw-la in_o the_o same_o paper_n and_o the_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n for_o complete_n that_o marriage_n be_v call_v commissio_fw-la regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la pro_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la in_o all_o which_o contract_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v charissimus_fw-la noster_fw-la frater_fw-la a_o title_n never_o grant_v to_o a_o feudatory_a king_n by_o his_o superior_a and_o the_o people_n of_o scotland_n be_v there_o call_v subditi_fw-la regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la whereas_o if_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n have_v be_v only_o a_o feudatory_a prince_n we_o have_v be_v subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o not_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n and_o there_o need_v no_o other_o argument_n against_o heylen_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v ofttimes_o call_v reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la than_o the_o instance_n bring_v by_o himself_o of_o the_o charter_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o to_o peter_n dodge_n wherein_o balliol_n be_v confess_v by_o himself_o to_o be_v call_v roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr escosse_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o this_o prove_v that_o the_o say_v heylen_n lay_v down_o ground_n which_o be_v not_o only_o false_a but_o inconsistent_a but_o second_o though_o this_o be_v true_a yet_o it_o prove_v nothing_o see_v the_o goth_n and_o pict_n be_v a_o free_a people_n and_o yet_o their_o king_n be_v call_v reges_fw-la pictorum_fw-la &_o gothorum_fw-la which_o phrase_n be_v ordinary_a among_o conquer_a nation_n such_o as_o the_o scot_n be_v who_o prince_n have_v at_o first_o no_o fix_v kingdom_n do_v whilst_o their_o people_n be_v spread_v themselves_o in_o colony_n rather_o assume_v a_o title_n from_o the_o people_n than_o from_o their_o country_n and_o see_v man_n be_v vassal_n and_o not_o land_n it_o will_v follow_v according_a to_o the_o term_n use_v by_o feudalist_n that_o see_v our_o king_n be_v reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la that_o therefore_o the_o man_n be_v not_o vassal_n and_o so_o they_o hold_v not_o their_o land_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n nor_o be_v ejus_fw-la subvassalli_n aut_fw-la valvassores_fw-la the_o argument_n urge_v from_o many_o decision_n in_o england_n find_v that_o we_o be_v punishable_a as_o traitor_n in_o england_n and_o that_o we_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o subject_n and_o not_o as_o alien_n by_o their_o judge_n deserve_v no_o other_o answer_n then_o that_o since_o their_o king_n by_o their_o power_n can_v not_o make_v we_o vassal_n neither_o can_v their_o parliament_n or_o judge_n treat_v we_o as_o such_o and_o if_o their_o gownsman_n can_v have_v make_v we_o such_o they_o need_v not_o have_v employ_v arm_n to_o have_v shed_v so_o much_o blood_n in_o the_o quarrel_n nor_o can_v such_o domestic_a testimony_n prove_v in_o a_o case_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n and_o yet_o even_o the_o english_a proceed_n against_o those_o of_o our_o nation_n show_v that_o their_o own_o judicatories_n and_o lawyer_n consider_v we_o not_o as_o vassal_n but_o as_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o free_a and_o independent_a kingdom_n and_o among_o many_o other_o instance_n i_o shall_v only_o remember_v that_o of_o queen_n mary_n against_o who_o that_o nation_n proceed_v not_o as_o a_o vassal_n but_o as_o a_o person_n who_o have_v make_v herself_o liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n ratione_fw-la loci_fw-la delicti_fw-la which_o be_v very_o clear_a by_o zouch_n de_fw-fr judicio_fw-la inter_fw-la gentes_fw-la part_n 2._o sect_n 6._o who_o very_a word_n i_o have_v here_o set_v down_o to_o prove_v not_o only_o this_o but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v absoluti_fw-la and_o equal_a to_o and_o independent_a from_o those_o of_o england_n be_v both_o pare_v &_o absoluti_fw-la principes_fw-la his_o word_n be_v erant_fw-la boni_fw-la rerum_fw-la estimatores_fw-la qui_fw-la asperius_fw-la cum_fw-la illa_fw-la actum_fw-la affirmabant_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerit_fw-la princip_n libera_fw-la &_o absoluta_fw-la in_fw-la quam_fw-la solius_fw-la dei_fw-la sit_fw-la imperium_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o majestatem_fw-la peccare_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n cui_fw-la subdita_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la quod_fw-la par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la habeat_fw-la potestatem_fw-la unde_fw-la judicium_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la in_o robertum_fw-la siciliae_fw-la regem_fw-la irritum_fw-la pronounciatum_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la imperio_fw-la ejus_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la subditus_fw-la alii_fw-la aliter_fw-la censebant_fw-la illam_fw-la scilicet_fw-la subditam_fw-la esse_fw-la etsi_fw-la non_fw-la originariam_fw-la tamen_fw-la temporariam_fw-la quia_fw-la duo_fw-la absoluti_fw-la principes_fw-la quoad_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la in_fw-la uno_fw-la regno_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la parem_fw-la in_o parem_fw-la habere_fw-la potestatem_fw-la quoties_fw-la paris_n judicio_fw-la se_fw-la submiserit_fw-la vel_fw-la express_v verbis_fw-la vel_fw-la tacit_a contrahendo_fw-la vel_fw-la delinquendo_fw-la intra_fw-la paris_n scilicet_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la &_o papam_fw-la sententiam_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la in_o robertum_fw-la siculùm_fw-la rescidisse_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la in_o territorio_fw-la imperiali_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la papali_fw-la denique_fw-la nullum_fw-la magnum_fw-la extare_fw-la exemplum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la aliquid_fw-la ex_fw-la iniquo_fw-la habeat_fw-la and_o in_o the_o process_n against_o the_o bishop_n of_o ross_n as_o it_o be_v relate_v both_o by_o the_o foreign_a lawyer_n and_o by_o cambden_n it_o clear_o appear_v that_o he_o be_v proceed_v against_o not_o as_o a_o subject_a of_o england_n but_o as_o a_o mere_a stranger_n who_o not_o be_v subject_n ratione_fw-la originis_fw-la become_v subject_a ratione_fw-la delicti_fw-la as_o they_o allege_v and_o the_o learned_a author_n of_o the_o late_a jus_o maritimum_fw-la pag._n 451._o have_v speak_v of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o england_n over_o ireland_n have_v these_o word_n but_o in_o scotland_n it_o be_v otherways_o for_o that_o be_v a_o kingdom_n absolute_a and_o not_o like_o ireland_n which_o be_v a_o crown_n annex_v by_o conquest_n but_o the_o other_o be_v by_o union_n and_o though_o they_o be_v unite_v under_o one_o prince_n ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la yet_o their_o law_n be_v distinct_a so_o as_o they_o have_v never_o be_v unite_v and_o therefore_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o each_o other_o must_v be_v do_v upon_o request_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n nor_o need_v i_o answer_v the_o argument_n bring_v from_o the_o procedure_n against_o the_o heroic_a wallace_n and_o other_o for_o these_o instance_n show_v rather_o a_o excessive_a resentment_n upon_o present_a hostility_n than_o the_o justice_n of_o those_o who_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n proceed_v to_o murder_v such_o as_o be_v indeed_o prisoner_n of_o war_n fight_v for_o their_o own_o native_a king_n and_o country_n and_o even_o the_o english_a of_o that_o age_n by_o enter_v into_o truce_n ransom_v of_o prisoner_n and_o do_v all_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v only_o allowable_a in_o a_o just_a war_n may_v convince_v all_o mankind_n that_o in_o this_o and_o the_o like_a instance_n they_o succumb_v to_o the_o bitterness_n of_o their_o present_a passion_n i_o must_v here_o also_o crave_v leave_v to_o assert_v that_o though_o vassal_n be_v not_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o alien_n yet_o we_o find_v very_o frequent_o in_o history_n that_o whole_a nation_n have_v be_v naturalize_v and_o have_v
precedency_n that_o the_o elder_a sister_n have_v and_o therefore_o i_o ascribe_v this_o difference_n rather_o to_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n mere_o found_v upon_o the_o respect_n due_a to_o that_o sex_n during_o the_o marriage_n the_o wife_n regular_o participat_v of_o the_o condition_n of_o her_o husband_n by_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n l._n 3._o c._n de_fw-fr dignitat_fw-la mulieres_fw-la honore_n maritorum_fw-la erigimus_fw-la genere_fw-la nobilitamus_fw-la and_o since_o she_o be_v to_o be_v sharer_n in_o his_o misfortune_n the_o law_n think_v it_o just_a that_o she_o shall_v be_v sharer_n in_o his_o advantage_n and_o the_o wife_n by_o the_o canon_n law_n be_v call_v socia_n divinae_fw-la &_o humanae_fw-la domus_fw-la and_o l._n foeminae_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr senat._n it_o be_v say_v that_o foeminis_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la clarissimam_fw-la mariti_fw-la tribuunt_fw-la but_o yet_o this_o rule_n have_v some_o exception_n for_o though_o in_o france_n the_o wife_n of_o those_o who_o have_v their_o dignity_n by_o office_n enjoy_v the_o same_o precedency_n with_o their_o husband_n together_o with_o a_o communication_n of_o his_o title_n and_o thus_o they_o say_v there_o madam_n la_fw-fr chanceliere_n madam_n la_fw-fr praesidente_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o we_o who_o think_v that_o office_n be_v bestow_v on_o husband_n upon_o a_o personal_a account_n which_o be_v not_o communicable_a to_o their_o wife_n and_o yet_o in_o some_o temporary_a dignity_n such_o as_o that_o of_o a_o knight-batchelour_n the_o wife_n participate_v of_o the_o husband_n title_n and_o precedency_n though_o i_o find_v by_o the_o herald_n record_n that_o this_o proceed_v original_o rather_o from_o courtesy_n than_o from_o law_n and_o that_o of_o old_a a_o knight_n wife_n enjoy_v only_o his_o honour_n during_o the_o spousal_n nor_o be_v they_o to_o be_v call_v in_o law_n dame_n alice_n or_o dame_n catherine_n etc._n etc._n after_o the_o marriage_n be_v dissolve_v by_o our_o law_n likewise_o if_o a_o woman_n have_v precedency_n by_o her_o birth_n or_o descent_n she_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o notwithstanding_o she_o marry_v a_o person_n of_o inferior_a dignity_n contrare_fw-la to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o ivil_a law_n and_o thus_o if_o the_o heiress_n of_o a_o duchy_n or_o earldom_n marry_v a_o gentleman_n she_o have_v still_o the_o precedency_n due_a to_o a_o duke_n or_o earl_n albeit_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n l._n 8._o de_fw-fr senat._n it_o be_v express_v that_o parent_n donee_n plebeiis_fw-la nuptiis_fw-la fuerint_fw-la copulatae_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o reason_n whereof_o be_v as_o faber_n observe_v upon_o that_o law_n because_o it_o be_v most_o absurd_a that_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v more_o dignity_n than_o her_o husband_n and_o thus_o livius_n observe_v that_o virginia_n daughter_n to_o a_o patrician_n or_o noble_a roman_a be_v debar_v from_o the_o honour_n due_a to_o her_o birth_n because_o she_o have_v marry_v a_o plebeian_n and_o it_o seem_v indeed_o that_o he_o be_v her_o head_n it_o be_v most_o unnatural_a that_o any_o part_n shall_v be_v more_o honourable_a than_o the_o head_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o contrare_fw-la to_o that_o superiority_n give_v both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n to_o husband_n nor_o any_o mean_v fit_a to_o make_v a_o wife_n despise_v her_o husband_n than_o this_o be_v but_o i_o think_v this_o precedency_n have_v arisen_a from_o the_o feudal_n law_n for_o the_o wife_n have_v once_o a_o noble_a fee_n she_o can_v forfeit_v the_o same_o by_o her_o marriage_n and_o therefore_o she_o must_v retain_v the_o dignity_n that_o be_v annex_v to_o it_o which_o be_v incommunicable_a to_o her_o husband_n because_o he_o be_v not_o in_o fie_o but_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o if_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o nobleman_n marry_v another_o nobleman_n she_o will_v lose_v the_o precedency_n due_a to_o she_o by_o her_o birth_n though_o she_o will_v not_o have_v lose_a it_o if_o she_o have_v marry_v a_o gentleman_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v because_o by_o marry_v a_o nobleman_n she_o receive_v another_o feudal_n dignity_n which_o suppress_v the_o first_o i_o find_v it_o observe_v in_o judge_n cook_n lib._n 12._o fol._n 112._o that_n if_o a_o baron_n die_v have_v divers_a daughter_n the_o king_n may_v confer_v upon_o either_o of_o they_o the_o title_n and_o thus_o the_o lord_n cromwell_n have_v die_v without_o heir_n male_a burchier_n who_o marry_v the_o young_a daughter_n be_v make_v lord_n cromwell_n of_o which_o we_o have_v no_o example_n in_o scotland_n for_o by_o our_o law_n if_o the_o title_n descend_v to_o female_n by_o the_o patent_n the_o elder_a only_o can_v succeed_v to_o the_o title_n but_o if_o it_o descend_v not_o by_o the_o patent_n to_o heir_n female_a than_o the_o king_n may_v admit_v neither_o to_o the_o title_n or_o either_o as_o he_o please_v after_o the_o husband_n decease_n the_o wife_n do_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n enjoy_v her_o husband_n precedency_n during_o her_o widowity_n but_o if_o she_o marry_v to_o a_o person_n of_o inferior_a quality_n she_o lose_v that_o precedency_n l._n 8._o de_fw-fr senat._n which_o hold_v with_o we_o and_o in_o england_n and_o yet_o sometime_o the_o king_n allow_v she_o the_o same_o precedency_n by_o a_o letter_n as_o he_o do_v also_o to_o the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n and_o other_o who_o have_v lose_v their_o precedency_n by_o marriage_n which_o letter_n or_o warrant_n be_v direct_a to_o the_o herald_n office_n and_o registrate_v there_o and_o the_o queen_n never_o lose_v her_o former_a dignity_n though_o she_o marry_v the_o mean_a person_n after_o the_o king_n death_n and_o general_o all_o the_o privilege_n due_a to_o the_o king_n be_v communicate_v to_o the_o queen_n per_fw-la l._n 31._o ff_n de_fw-fr leg_n augusta_n autem_fw-la legibus_fw-la soluta_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la principes_fw-la tamen_fw-la eadem_fw-la illi_fw-la privilegia_fw-la tribunut_n quae_fw-la ipsi_fw-la habent_fw-la notwithstanding_o whereof_o lawyer_n think_v that_o her_o bastard_n be_v not_o noble_a as_o the_o bastard_n of_o king_n nor_o do_v the_o womb_n ever_o nobilitate_v the_o country_n of_o campaigne_n in_o france_n only_o except_v where_o it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o either_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n be_v noble_a which_o be_v allow_v to_o the_o lady_n of_o that_o country_n upon_o the_o kill_n of_o all_o the_o nobility_n at_o a_o great_a fight_n papon_n de_fw-fr noble_n num_fw-la 3._o by_o the_o civil_a law_n also_o a_o widow_n live_v lewd_o lose_v her_o former_a dignity_n arg._n §_o fin._n in_o authent_n de_fw-fr restit_fw-la but_o this_o hold_v not_o with_o we_o vide_fw-la bon._n de_fw-fr curt._n de_fw-fr nobilitate_fw-la cap._n 12._o num_fw-la 194._o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o a_o mean_a woman_n marry_v a_o nobleman_n retain_v the_o privilege_n due_a to_o she_o by_o her_o husband_n who_o have_v be_v degrade_v by_o forfeiture_n or_o otherways_o and_o corbin_n cite_v a_o decision_n 27._o august_n 1698._o whereby_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o she_o retain_v still_o her_o former_a privilege_n since_o crime_n be_v personal_a which_o be_v also_o our_o custom_n it_o have_v be_v likeways_o doubt_v abroad_o whether_o a_o noblewoman_n marry_v a_o plebeian_n and_o thereby_o lose_v the_o precedency_n due_a to_o her_o birth_n if_o she_o marry_v a_o gentleman_n in_o the_o second_o marriage_n she_o will_v thereby_o recur_v to_o her_o first_o dignity_n the_o person_n be_v who_o she_o lose_v the_o first_o dignity_n be_v dead_a and_o it_o be_v find_v that_o she_o will_v not_o for_o in_o law_n that_o which_o be_v once_o extinct_a do_v not_o revive_v and_o therefore_o woman_n in_o such_o case_n take_v letter_n of_o restitution_n as_o they_o call_v they_o or_o procure_v a_o warrant_n from_o the_o king_n for_o that_o effect_n as_o the_o custom_n be_v with_o we_o ut_fw-la interveniet_fw-la principis_fw-la restitutio_fw-la quae_fw-la plebecitatis_fw-la maculam_fw-la abstergat_fw-la traitte_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr noblesse_n pag._n 324._o but_o there_o will_v be_v no_o place_n for_o this_o question_n here_o since_o with_o we_o a_o noblewoman_n will_v not_o lose_v her_o precedency_n by_o marry_v a_o plebeian_n but_o the_o doubt_n behoove_v to_o be_v thus_o state_v with_o we_o viz._n whether_o a_o noblewoman_n marry_v a_o nobleman_n of_o a_o inferior_a degree_n will_v recover_v she_o first_o dignity_n she_o marry_v thereafter_o a_o gentleman_n or_o whether_o a_o knight-baronets_n lady_n marry_v a_o plebeian_n can_v thereafter_o recover_v her_o dignity_n if_o she_o marry_v a_o gentleman_n for_o i_o conceive_v a_o knight-baronets_a lady_n do_v not_o like_o a_o noblewoman_n retain_v her_o precedency_n when_o she_o marry_v a_o person_n of_o inferior_a quality_n and_o i_o think_v neither_o of_o they_o will_v recover_v their_o former_a dignity_n without_o a_o special_a warrant_n i_o find_v that_o the_o commissioner_n appoint_v to_o regulate_v queen_n ann_n funeral_n do_v
and_o her_o nephew_n robert_n or_o as_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o france_n determine_v of_o the_o controversy_n betwixt_o john_n earl_n of_o montford_n and_o charles_n of_o bluis_fw-la for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bretaigne_n 3._o by_o the_o confession_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o prelate_n peer_n and_o other_o the_o estate_n of_o scotland_n subscribe_v by_o all_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n in_o the_o roll_n of_o ragman_n wherein_o they_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o superiority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o advantage_n as_o the_o sword_n have_v give_v he_o but_o as_o his_o original_n and_o undoubted_a right_n which_o roll_n be_v treacherous_o deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o scot_n by_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_z in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 4._o by_o the_o tacit_a confession_n of_o the_o king_n themselves_o who_o in_o their_o coin_n commission_n and_o public_a instrument_n assume_v not_o to_o themselves_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o scotland_n but_o of_o reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la or_o the_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o thereby_o imitate_v that_o though_o they_o be_v king_n of_o the_o nation_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o superior_a lord_n king_n paramount_n as_o we_o may_v call_v he_o who_o have_v the_o royalty_n of_o the_o land_n 5._o by_o the_o judgement_n arrest_n of_o the_o court_n of_o england_n not_o only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o but_o in_o sometime_o since_o for_o â—hen_o william_n wallace_n a_o scotsman_n by_o birth_n and_o the_o best_a soldier_n of_o that_o country_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o bring_v to_o london_n he_o be_v adjudge_v to_o suffer_v death_n as_o a_o traitor_n which_o have_v be_v illegal_a and_o unrighteous_a judgement_n have_v he_o be_v a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n and_o not_o look_v upon_o by_o the_o judge_n as_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o like_a do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o simeon_n fraâ—â—ll_n another_o of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o court_n in_o the_o lord_n beaumont_n case_n when_o it_o be_v object_v that_o one_o of_o the_o witness_n be_v a_o scot_n and_o therefore_o as_o a_o alien_n not_o to_o give_v his_o evidence_n that_o his_o testimony_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v because_o the_o scot_n in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n do_v not_o go_v for_o alien_n and_o when_o one_o indict_v for_o a_o rape_n in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n desire_v a_o medietatem_fw-la linguae_fw-la because_o he_o be_v a_o scots-man_n and_o so_o a_o alien_n it_o be_v deny_v he_o by_o the_o court_n because_o the_o scot_n be_v not_o repute_v here_o as_o alien_n but_o as_o subject_n rather_o so_o also_o when_o robert_n vmsramville_n lord_n of_o kyme_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o the_o name_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o angus_n which_o be_v a_o dignity_n in_o scotland_n and_o after_o in_o a_o writ_n against_o he_o be_v call_v by_o his_o own_o name_n of_o vmsramville_n without_o any_o addition_n of_o that_o honour_n the_o writ_n be_v adjudge_v to_o abate_v which_o i_o conceive_v the_o learned_a judge_n have_v not_o do_v if_o scotland_n have_v not_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v under_o the_o vassalage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 6._o and_o last_o by_o a_o charter_n of_o land_n and_o arm_n which_o i_o have_v in_o my_o custody_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o peter_n dodge_n of_o stopworth_n in_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n one_o of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o my_o mother_n in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v that_o the_o say_v land_n and_o arm_n be_v confer_v upon_o he_o by_o that_o king_n for_o his_o eminent_a service_n encontre_fw-fr son_fw-fr grand_fw-fr enemi_fw-fr &_o rebel_v balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o vassal_n of_o england_n in_o answer_n to_o these_o objection_n found_v upon_o the_o reign_n of_o brutus_n i_o need_v say_v no_o more_o save_v that_o cambden_n and_o the_o other_o learned_a english_a writer_n do_v look_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o a_o mere_a fiction_n and_o for_o prove_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n to_o hold_v of_o england_n there_o must_v be_v authentic_a document_n in_o writ_n produce_v as_o have_v be_v former_o debate_v and_o this_o do_v sufficient_o answer_v all_o that_o be_v say_v of_o bellinus_n king_n arthur_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o refute_v these_o fiction_n and_o to_o show_v how_o much_o of_o cheat_n be_v in_o all_o these_o contrivance_n i_o need_v only_o cite_v a_o passage_n from_o the_o learned_a aylet_n samme_n in_o his_o britannia_fw-la antiqua_fw-la pag._n 159._o who_o word_n be_v that_o which_o give_v some_o authotity_n to_o this_o fiction_n be_v the_o use_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o make_v of_o it_o in_o vindicate_v his_o title_n to_o scotland_n against_o the_o pretence_n of_o pope_n boniface_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o lay_v claim_v to_o that_o kingdom_n by_o ancient_a right_n as_o part_v of_o st._n peter_n patrimony_n and_o that_o church_n demesne_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n have_v a_o great_a hand_n in_o make_v out_o this_o title_n by_o brute_n which_o story_n be_v now_o new_a vampt_a and_o from_o all_o part_n send_v out_o of_o these_o shop_n where_o at_o first_o it_o have_v be_v forge_v and_o hammer_v out_o and_o this_o do_v more_o evident_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o same_o letter_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o record_v cite_v by_o mr._n prin_fw-mi but_o especial_o that_o miracle_n of_o king_n adelstane_n who_o in_o perpetuam_fw-la rei_fw-la memoriam_fw-la to_o give_v a_o evident_a sign_n of_o his_o right_n to_o scotland_n with_o his_o sword_n strike_v a_o blow_n upon_o a_o rock_n near_o dumbar_n that_o he_o cleave_v it_o at_o least_o a_o elne_a wide_a as_o to_o the_o homage_n make_v by_o king_n malcome_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v absolute_o deny_v and_o not_o only_o do_v our_o historian_n and_o the_o historian_n of_o foreigner_n mention_v no_o such_o submission_n but_o they_o do_v on_o the_o contrair_a relate_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v come_v with_o a_o design_n to_o conquer_v scotland_n he_o be_v force_v by_o malcome_n king_n of_o scotland_n to_o a_o peace_n very_o honourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o scotland_n one_o article_n whereof_o be_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n shall_v restore_v such_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n as_o have_v flee_v to_o scotland_n for_o shelter_n to_o their_o estate_n and_o honour_n and_o how_o can_v it_o be_v imagine_v that_o scotland_n be_v then_o very_o unite_v and_o live_v under_o a_o most_o warlike_a prince_n will_v have_v submit_v to_o a_o king_n who_o have_v too_o much_o to_o do_v at_o home_n or_o that_o king_n malcome_n will_v have_v submit_v to_o he_o who_o he_o force_v to_o restore_v even_o the_o english_a who_o have_v rebel_v against_o he_o and_o as_o the_o constitution_n of_o vassalage_n require_v write_v so_o if_o any_o such_o vassalage_n have_v be_v acknowledge_v he_o have_v accept_v of_o a_o charter_n hold_v of_o the_o conqueror_n as_o all_o the_o other_o vassal_n do_v as_o to_o king_n william_n homage_n to_o henry_n the_o second_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o william_n have_v be_v treacherous_o make_v prisoner_n he_o be_v force_v by_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a imprisonment_n to_o make_v this_o homage_n and_o consequent_o the_o homage_n itself_o be_v null_a be_v extort_a by_o force_n and_o make_v by_o a_o person_n who_o be_v not_o svi_fw-la juris_fw-la be_v in_o prison_n it_o be_v certain_a by_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n that_o deed_n do_v by_o prisoner_n be_v null_a but_o especial_o in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o deed_n be_v such_o as_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v null_a however_o for_o even_o the_o most_o absolute_a king_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v able_a to_o alienate_v their_o kingdom_n or_o enslave_v it_o that_o by_o so_o do_v as_o some_o say_v they_o forfeit_v their_o own_o right_n and_o make_v the_o throne_n void_a for_o the_o next_o successor_n who_o be_v not_o oblige_v by_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o if_o any_o such_o act_n as_o this_o be_v bind_v than_o england_n by_o the_o same_o argument_n have_v remain_v a_o feu_n of_o the_o empire_n since_o richard_n the_o first_o their_o king_n do_v homage_n to_o henry_n the_o emperor_n for_o england_n and_o king_n john_n his_o brother_n do_v the_o like_a homage_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o offer_v to_o