eldest daughter to Edward surnamed the Outlaw eldest son to Edmund Ironside King of England by which meanes the right of the house of the Saxons Edgar Atheling the only son of Edward deceasing vnmarried and without issue descended vpon the Kings of Scotland the posterity hereof and Margaret continued herein vnto our times and the vnion of the two kingdomes in Iames our late Soveraigne of happy memory He first as is thought brought into Scotland the titles of Earles Barons with others borrowed from the neighbouring English with whom vnder Edward the Confessour during the vsurpation of Macbeth he had for a long time remained He was slaine at the taking of Anwick Castle in Northumberland after some yeares warre maintained against William the Conquerour and the Normans occasioned through his protection and ayde of the banished English Donaldus the fourth son to Duncanus yonger brother to Milcolumbus the third vsurping the kingdome by the aide of Magnus king of Norwey He was driven out by Duncanus naturall son to Milcolumbus the third Duncanus the second naturall son to Milcolumbus the third slaine by the treason of Macpendirus Earle of Merne corrupted by Donaldus the fourth liuing then exiled amongst the Westerne Ilands He thus murthered Donardus the fourth resumed the kingdome vanquished and taken prisoner not long after by Edgar the right heire son to Milcolumbus the third and Margaret ayded by his vncle Edgar and the English Edgar son to Milcolumbus the third and Margaret daughter to Edward surnamed the Outlaw His sister Maude was marryed vnto Henrie the first king of England yongest son to the Conquerour vniting hereby the royall blood of the Saxons with that of the Normans Hee deceased without issue Alexander the first son to Milcolumbus and Margaret and brother to Edgar He also deceased sans issue David the first brother to Edgar and Alexander and son to Milcolumbus and Margaret succeeding in the yeare 1124. He annexed to the Crowne of Scotland the Earledomes of Northumberland and Huntingdon acruing through his marriage with Maude daughter to Earle Waldeofus He recouered likewise Cumberland and Westmoreland from the English taken from his predecessours by William the Conquerour restored vnto him by the liberality of king Stephen Milcolumbus the fourth son to Henrie prince of Scotland son to king David Vnable to withstand the ambition and greater power hereof he quitted Northumberland Westmoreland and Cumberland vnto Henry the second king of England retaining onely the Earledome of Huntingdon of all his English possessions left for a time vnto his successours He deceased without issue vnmarried VVilliam brother to Malcolme the fourth Taken prisoner at the battaill of Anwijck to procure his libertie peace with the English he did homage and sweare fealty vnto king Henry the second for the Crowne of Scotland Alexander the second son to William Alexander the third son to Alexander the second He deceased in the yeare 1285 without heires of his body or not long surviving The whole issue hereof and of king Alexander the second and William extinguished their contended for the soveraignety Iohn Balliol Lord of Galloway son to Iohn Balliol and Dornagilla daughter to Alan Lord of Galloway and Margaret eldest daughter to David Earle of Huntingdon brother to king William great vncle to Alexander the third and Robert Bruce Lord of Annandale son to Robert Bruce and Isabell second daughter to David Earle of Huntingdon and sister to Margaret both parties challenging a chiefer right and interest before the other Balliol as descended from the elder sister and Bruce as nearer by one degree to Earle David The Scots not able to determine the controversie or without armes Edward the first king of England is chosen vmpire After 6 yeares vacancy the right is adiudged on the behalfe of Balliol by king Edward with condition of his acknowledgment and homage to the English Crowne Iohn Balliol Lord of Galloway king of Scotland by the arbitration of king Edward the first He did homage to king Edward at the towne of Newcastle vpon Tine according to the agreement made betwixt them Discontenting his subjects through this his English subjection to regaine their lost loues or after my Scottish Authours provoked with some disgrace iniuries receiued from Edward he renounced not long after his homage and fealty sworne to the English warred vpon by Edward and after some ouerthrowes vnable to withstand so valiant and great a Monarcke forced to resigne into the hands hereof the whole right and interest he had or might claime to the Crowne of Scotland imprisoned afterwards in the towre of London and set at liberty by the mediation of Pope Boniface the eight and sent ouer to his inheritance and possessions in France where in a private fortune he dyed After this king Edward the first of England made a full conquest of the Scots whō he kept vnder hard subjection during his whole raigne although not without sundry defections and rebellions of this fierce stirring nation moued by William Walleys Robert Bruce and others most commonly to their losse He deceasing through their great victorie at Banocks-bourne neare Striueling obtained against Edward the second and the English and the tumults disorders hapning in England during the raigne of this weake and vnfortunate prince the Scots againe recouer their libertie Robet Bruce formerly crowned in the raigne of Edward the first is confirmed king Robert the first son to Robert Bruce lord of Anandale competitour of the kingdome with Iohn Balliol king of Scotland by right of warre his birth and the voluntary cession of Balliol the restorer of the Scottish name and liberty after a victorious and happy raigne deceasing in the yeare 1329. David the second king of Scotland son to Robert the first In the minority hereof Edward Balliol son to Iohn Balliol invadeth and by the helpe of the English obtayneth the Scottish Crowne to be held by him vnder the homage and protection of Edward the third king of England opposed by the faction of David Balliol and his Enhlish after long miserie and war being thrust out king David recovereth his almost lost kindgome taken prisoner shortly after at the battaill of Nevills crosse neere Durham invading England in favour of his auncient friends the French distressed through the many victories of Edward the third and the English He deceased without issue in the yeare 1370 the second and last king of Scotland of the house and name of Bruce Robert the second the first of the familie name of the Stewarts descended from Walter created Stewart of Scotland by Malcolme the third which name of office grew afterwards a surname to his house and ofspring king of Scotland in right from his mother eldest daughter to Robert the first and sister to Dauid the second Since this time the name and house of Stewarts haue still worne the regall Crowne of the Scottish dominions Iohn the second called Robert after his inauguration the name of Iohn as
points A maine controuersie betwixt them was the celebration of Easter of whom the Britons from whom the Picts and Scots did not much differ observed the 14 day after the New-moone in March or the first Moneth following the custome of the Church of Asia and pretending the practice of Saint Iohn the Evangelist and the Romans with the English and others the Sunday after the 14 day alleadging an Apostolicall tradition a scruple then much disturbing the peace of Christendome and disputed of in sundry Synods No lesse was the controversie but long afterwards and amongst the English themselues betwixt the married vnmarried Priests in the raignes of Edwy Edgar Edward the Martyr Etheldred Monarches of the English-Saxons as likewise after the conquest of the Normans for vntill this time Priests were married adiudged against the married Priests through the pretended miracles of S. Dunstan a great vpholder of the Monkish faction the sentence of Pope Hildebrand in the yeare 1074 and raigne of William the Conquerour and lastly for yet notwithstanding the Popes interdict the Priests still kept their wiues by Anselmus Arch-bishoppe of Canterbury and a Synod then held at London in the raigne of King Henry the first In the raigne of great Egbert and about the yeare 829 breake in the merciles and Pagan Danes through whom and the many Popish errours which already had crept in religion is againe eclypsed Their Idol was Thur giuing afterwards the name of Thursday to the fourth day of the weeke By holy Alfred Edward the Seniour and Athelstan the second they are at length subdued and for the time either expulsed the Country or brought vnder the English and Christian yoake By this time the long aspiring Papacy had gotten the vpper hand ouer the rest of the Churches of the West and princes people divine and humane Lawes here as in all other places are made subject to the sole will and free arbitration hereof By Pope Alexander the second the Normans are authorized to vsurpe the Crowne of England Edgar and the Saxon line the right heires excluded and the oppressed English disabled for making resistance terrified and kept in by Papall cursings By Innocent the third King Iohn is made vassall to the pretended Apostolique sea surrendring his Crowne and resuming the same againe to be held vnder the fee and tribute of the Popes The Christian world hauing beene long abused Iohn Wiclef a soecular Diuine of the Vniversity of Oxford and Rectour of Lutterworth in Leicester shire in the raignes of Edward the third and Richard the second first to any effect opposeth against the tyranny hereof and those errours and impostures which antiquity superstitious and improvident zeale and their ambition and avarice had obtruded vpon religion fauoured by Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster Henry Lord Percy the Chancelour and body of the Vniuersity sundry Regulars and Priests the Londoners and multitudes of the Common and Lay people besides England spreading his opinions ouer the neighbouring Germany the authour of the reformation of the Hussits amongst the Bohemians withstood by the Praelates and Monkes thundred against by Bulls of the Pope sent to the King the Bishops and Vniversity and condemned by the Councell of Constance the liue bodies of Husse and Hierome of Prage and the bones of Wicleffe in detestation of their pretended heresie being burnt by the order of that Synod The positions hereof are to be read in the history of Walsingham but mingled with many falsities and vntruthes through the malice of that relater a Monke and of those times no friends to his cause What more rightly they were is better seene in the confession of the Hussits or Bohemians arising from hence moulded after his doctrine Now begun the ancient holy and grand-esteeme of the Church to asswage and coole superstition to be vnmasked the Papall power to grow suspected his censures to become more vile the wealth and great reuenues of the Monks and Cleargie to be envyed and their liues and actions to be scanned and looked into by a more narrow censorious eye In the raigne of King Richard the second a petition is exhibited by Parliament for the taking away of all their temporall possessions not assented vnto and reiected by that plaine and well meaning prince The like is attempted by two other Parliaments in the raigne of Henry the fourth and Henry the fift pretending their abuse and better imployment in the reliefe of the poore the maintenance of Esquires Knights and Lords and the seruice of the King lastly diuerted the suppression of Monasteries excepted belonging vnto strangers through the wisedome of Henry Chichlie Arch-bishop of Canterbury proposing the more honourable French warres and declaring the vndoubted right of the Prince to that Crowne By king Henry the eight provoaked by the excommunication and rash censures of Pope Clement the seaventh the Papall authority is abolished through the Realme and the power and title of supreame head of the English Church assumed and entayled vpon his successours some abuses about images and the Scriptures and prayers in an vnknowne tongue in part reformed and Monasteries and religious houses stiffe abetters of the Romish Hierarchie to the great astonishment of the world vtterly razed and demolished and their whole possessions whether Temporalties or tithes offerings the vndoubted rights of the Church escheated to the Crowne and fold or giuen to lay persons through passion avarice or his zeale against the many vices and enormities of the Monkes or to engage the laity without which possibly he could not haue withstood so great a danger in his warre against the Papacy and Cleargie partakers with him of their spoyles Vnder Edward the sixt religion is more fully established and the Church purged from errours and superstition the Masse and the rest of the 6 bloudy articles of his father abrogated images pulled downe the holy Eucharist administred vnder both kinds and the Scripture and deuine seruice read in the vulgar language yet done not without much rapine and iniurie committed vnder pretence of reformation the sacred monuments of the dead in Churches defaced and Bishoppricks Collegiate Churches Hospitalls and Almes-houses being robbed of their reuenewes by sacrilegious greatnes during the licentious raigne of that most hopefull but young pupill king By Queene Mary a great strength to whose title was the dispensatition and authority hereof Religion is againe made vassall to the sea of Rome and the power and iurisdiction of the Pope restored with condition notwithstanding that the lands and goods lately taken from the Cleargy should remaine to their lay possessours without which caution the Nobility and Commons in Parliament whose ioynt interest this was would not giue their consent persecution raging soone after with fresh furie and the whole kingdome flaming with fires and gashly sights of burning Martyrs Queene Elizabeth of famous memory gaue
here euer since their succession and English language and occasioning the name of little England beyond Wales By the Earles of Chester Warren and Mortimer with others about the same times the parts of Flint Denbigh together with Caeretica and the land of Gwent now Cardigan Monmouthshire are likewise taken in and subdued The valour or fortune of King Edward the first put an end to this languishing estate of the Welsh after some yeares warre vanquishing and killing Lhewelyn ap Gruffith their last prince and annexing the whole Wales to the English subiecting the people to his English lawes King Henry the eight of later yeares descended from the Welsh by the fathers side incorporated the country with the kingdome of England investing the Welsh with all the rights and priviledges of his English subjects in which ranke and vnion they now remaine The princes hereof from more certaine cleare times follow with that truth which their Histories will afford Roderique surnamed the Great Monarch of the Welsh sonne to Meruyn Vrych a nobleman of Wales Esylht daughter to Conan Tindaethwy son to Roderique Molwynoc son to Edwal son to Cadwallader the last king of the Britons Parting Wales into the divisions before mentioned he allotted Guynedh or Northwales vnto Anarawde his eldest son and vnto Cadelh Mervyn Deheubarth or Southwales Powys with condition that the two younger brethren their successours should be leigemen acknowledge the soveraignety of Anarawd the kings of Northwales confirmed afterwards by the lawes of Howel Dha He deceased in the yeare 876 slaine by the English Anarawd prince of Guynedh or Northwales soveraigne or chiefe King of the VVelsh eldest son to Roderique the Great The order of the kings of Southwales Lords of Powys for thus were they called and of the many inferiour Lords or Princes in each devision for as before euery son after the custome of the present Germans had a share of his fathers possessions I haue omitted in regard of their number Edwal Voel prince of Guynedh chiefe King of VVales sonne to Anarawd succeeding about the yeare 913. In the raigne hereof Athelstan King of England forced a tribute vpon the Welsh of 20 pounds of gold and 300 of silver with 200 head of cattaile remitted afterwards by King Edgar for a tribute of wolues Howel Dha Prince of Deheubarth or Southwales Powys soveraigne King of VVales succeeding in the yeare 940 descended from Cadelh brother to Anarawd the sonnes of Edwal Voel the right heires excluded Hee made lawes for the VVelsh obserued by the nation vntill their subjection to the English Iames and Ievaf sonnes to King Edwal Voel joynt princes of Guynedh and chiefe Kings of VVales succeeding after the decease of Howel Dha Owen with other the sonnes of Howel Lords of Southwales and Powys contending with them for the soueraignety being overthrowne by them in battaile and their elder brother Meyric omitted as vnfit for government Vnto these princes Edgar the King of England forgaue the tribute of money imposed by Athelstan exchanged for a certaine number of wolues constantly brought in by the VVelsh after my Authour vntill they were all destroyed The relation I leaue to the censure of the reader These afterwards falling out Ievaf is taken prisoner and Iames remaineth sole king overcome not long after and chased out by Howel sonne to Ievaf Howel Prince of Guynedh chiefe King of Wales sonne to Ievaf succeeding about the yeare 973 his father freed by him and set at liberty but not restored to the soveraignty He was slaine fighting against the English without any male issue Cadwalhon Prince of Guynedh soveraigne King of Wales son to Ievaf and brother to Howel succeeding about the yeare 984. He was slaine in battaile with Meiryc his brother by Meredith son to Owen king of Southwales Meredith Prince of Guynedh and chiefe king of Wales having slaine Cadwalhon Meyric son to Owen king of Deheubarth or South-wales After the decease of his father he likewise got seized of Southwales He afterwards lost Guynedh or Northwales vnto Edwal son to Meyric the eldest son of Edwal Voel the right heire in his absence set vp by the inhabitants Edwal prince of Guynedh chiefe King of Wales son to Meyric eldest son to Edwal Voel succeeding in the yeare 992. He was slaine in fight by the Danes leaving behind him a young son named Iames. In the yeare 998 died also Meredith aforesaid King of Southwales leaving one onely daughter named Angharat marryed to Llewelin ap Sitsylht By meanes hereof for want of heires or fit to goyerne Conan ap Howel Aedan ap Blegored contended for the gouernment when comming to battail Conan is slaine and Aedan vsurpeth the kingdome Aedan ap Blegored prince of Guynedh and soveraigne king of Wales succeeding in the yeare 1003. He was slaine with his foure sons in the yeare 1015 by Llewelin ap Sitsylht husband to Angharad Llewelin ap Sitsylht descended from king Anarawd and Angharad his wife daughter to Meredith king of Southwales after the decease of Aedan the vsurper soveraigne kings of Wales Hee was slaine in the yeare 1021 by Howel Meredith sons to Edwin son to Eneon brother to king Meredith leauing a son named Gruffith ap Llewelin After the death of Llewelin ap Sitsylht Iames son to King Edwal tooke vpon him the gouernment of Northwales as right heire Iames the second prince of Guynedh chiefe king of Wales son to king Edwal He was ouerthrowne slaine in the yeare 1037 by Gruffith son to Llewelin Angharad Gruffith prince of Guynedh chiefe king of Wales son to Llewelin ap Sitsylht Angharad He also subdued Southwales slaine by treason Blethyn Rywalhon sons to Angharad aforesaid Conwyn ap Gueristan her second husband princes of Guynedh and chiefe kings of Wales after the decease of king Gruffith Rywalhon being slaine in the yeare 1068 in a battaile fought betwixt these Meredith and Idel sonnes to king Gruffith Blethyn by this meanes remaineth sole King of Northwales He was slaine in the yeare 1073 by the treason of Rees ap Owen ap Edwyn Trahern ap Caradoc prince of Guynedh or Northwales and chiefe king of Wales cosen german to king Blethyn Hee was slaine in battaile by Gruffith son to Conan son to king Iames the second Gruffith ap Conan prince of Northwales chiefe king of Wales In the yeare 1079 after my Authour and the raignes of Gruffith ap Conan Rhees ap Theodor king of Southwales William the Conquerour king of England tooke the homages of the Welsh princes Not long after vnder William Rufus by the good leaue hereof Morganwc Brechiniauc and the Countrie where now is Cardiganshire parts of Deheubarth or Southwales with some part of Northwales neighbouring vnto Chester are subdued by Robert Fitzhamon Bernard de Neumarck other valiant Norman adventurers and added to the English government In regard hereof Matthew Paris maketh William Rufus the
Conquerour of Wales Gruffith ap Conan in a full age deceased about the yeare 1137 the last whom the Welsh history nameth king of Wales THE PRINCIPALITIE OF VVALES Owen Guyneth prince of Guynedh and Wales eldest son to king Gruffith ap Conan succeeding about the yeare 1137. At this time Rhees ap Gruffith descended from Howel Dha was chiefe Lord of Southwales named King by the English by the Welsh the Lord Rhees David prince of Guynedh and Wales younger son to Owen surnamed Guyneth succeeding in the yeare 1169 his elder brother Iorwerth in regard of some deformity excluded Hee was deposed in the yeare 1194 by Llewelin the son of Iorwerth Llewelin prince of Guynedh and Wales son to Iorwerth eldest son to Owen Guyneth He tooke the oathes and acknowledgements of the many inferiour Welsh princes which duety for some yeares had beene omitted through their civill dissentions and other defects David prince of Guynedh Wales succeeding in the yeare 1240 son to Lhewelin ap Iorwerth He did homage at Glocester for the principality of Wales to Henry the third King of England He deceased without issue Lhewelin prince of Guynedh Wales son to Gruffith son to prince Lhewelyn ap Iorwerth the last prince of VVales of the British of-spring and race of Cadwallader By this time through the daily encroachings of the English in a manner the part onely of Guynedh or Northwales contayning now Merionith and Caernarvonshire with Anglesey were left vnto the Welsh princes better defended by their inaccessable mountaines bogs Refusing or rather deferring the accustomed homage due from the Welsh he was pursued with hot war by king Edward the first and forced to a composition amongst other hard conditions concluding after his decease a surrendry to the English of the principality of Wales and the parts he now enjoyed Not long after as it seemeth repenting himselfe of his act and the more incensed through the instigation of his brother David excluded from all hope of succession by this agreement pretending the English tyranny iniustice he againe fatally tooke armes the successe whereof was his owne death hapning shortly after slaine in the prosecution of the warre nere the towne of Buelth as the Welshmen say betraied the execution of David his brother by the hand of iustice the finall abolition of the Welsh government and the conquest of the whole country by the English The Welsh line extinguished the king of England invested with this title and honour their eldest sons or who were next to succeede them in the English Monarchy Their order and names we haue inserted vnto our times Edward of Caernarvon son to Edward the first prince of Wales and afterwards king of England by the name of Edward the second Edward of VVinsore sonne of Edward the second king of England by the name of Edward the third Edward surnamed the blacke prince eldest son to Edward the third Richard of Bourdeaux son to Edward the blacke prince king of England by the name of Richard the second Henry of Monmouth son to Henry the fourth king of England by the name of Henry the fift His sonne Henry the sixt is not accompted amongst the princes of Wales his father deceasing onely some few moneths after his birth Edward son to Henry the sixt slaine by the faction of Yorke after the battaill at Tewkesbury Edward sonne to Edward the fourth king of England by the name of Edward the fift Edward son to Richard the third Arthur eldest son to Henry the seventh Henry younger sonne to Henry the seventh king of England by the name of Henry the eight Edward son to Henry the eight king of England by the name of Edward the sixt Henry eldest son to Iames king of great Britaine of happy memorie Charles son to King Iames and brother to prince Henry now King of great Britaine whom God long preserue THE PICT'S THe name hereof signifyeth painted in the Latine tongue which was first giuen vnto them by the Romans in regard of their paintings That the Picts were accustomed to paint themselues the authorities of Claudian and Isidore make manifest Pompoinus Laetus Buchanan and others would haue them to haue beene a Colonie of the opposite and neighbouring Germans But which nation wee reade not in Tacitus or in any classique authour ever to haue beene painted Beda of much better authority fetcheth their pedegree further of from the Scythians who should arriue in the Northerne parts of the Iland in the yeare 78 after Christ yet which he doth not constantly affirme but delivereth onely as receiued by tradition The errour hereof and of the like forreine derivations the generall consent of auncient Geographers and Historians doth plainely evince placing here the Caledonii and other names of the Britons but not mentioning the Picts vntill two hundred yeares afterwards The most probable assertion is that they were no other then the natiue Britons inhabiting the wilde parts of Caledonia who after Herodian vsing to paint their bodies with sundry shapes of birds and beasts and going naked to haue their braverie seene became at length thus named by the Romans from such their straunge habit and for their better distinction from the civill Britons of the Province wearing cloathes and attired after the Roman manner Some reasons inducing herevnto might be their like fashions and manner of liuing with the more auncient Britons and the many British words yet left in the townes and parts of Scotland which they sometimes inhabited arguing as the same language so the same nation of both We adde the great silence of the Romans who neighbouring close vnto them and possessing the Southerne part of the Iland long before their supposed arrivall by Beda yet make no mention of their descent hither from forreine parts We adde likewise the testimony of Eumenius in his Panegyrique vnto the Emperour Constantine the Great who maketh the Caledonij to be a part of the Picts intimating hereby as the Picts to be Britons for such were the Caledonij so this not so much then to haue beene the name of a people as some agnomination or by-name given to all the wild barbarous Britons in regard of their disfiguring or painting They are first mentioned by Eumenius in his Panegyrique aforsaid liuing in the time of Constantine the great The part of Britaine they then possessed was the whole Northerne part hereof not yet conquered or brought into a Province by the Romans for by this name all the barbarous Britons begun now to bee called neither were the Irish Scots at this time arriued had setled here their habitation The Westerne part of Caledonia being overwhelmed by a deluge of the Scots which hapned about the raigne of the Emperour Honorius they withdrew wholy into the Easterne part hereof bordering vpon the German Ocean bounding vpon the South with the Bodotria now Edenborough Frith for thus farre Northwards extended the Roman or civill Britons as did afterward the Saxons
Athelstan had for his share the countries of Kent and of the South East-Saxons and Ethelwolf the rest of England with the praerogatiue and title of Monarch or chiefe king of the whole At the same time likewise Burdred commaunded Mercia but substituted and vnder the right of Ethelwolf and the English Monarches Ethelbald and Ethelbert kings of England sons to Ethelwolf Hereof Ethelbert inherited Kent with the East and South-Saxons the portion of his vncle Athelstan The rest with the right of chiefe king or Monarch of the English fell to the lot of Ethelbald the elder brother This last tooke to his incestious bed his stepmother Iudith daughter to Charles surnamed the Bauld king of West-France widdow to his father Ethelwolf married after his death which hapned shortly after to Bauldwin the first Earle of Flanders He deceasing his brother Ethelbert remained sole king of the English Ethelbert sonne to Ethelwolf after the decease of Ethelbald sole Monarch of England Ethelred the first king of England brother to Ethelbald and Ethelbert During the troublesome raigne hereof through the advantage of the warres of the Danes the East-Angles shake off the yoake of the English Monarches creating holy Edmund their king martyred by Hungar Hubba two Danish Captaines and succeeded vnto by princes of this merciles Pagan Nation After stout resistance and many battails fought he was at last slaine against the Danes Alfrid king of England fourth sonne to Ethelwolf brother to the three preceding Kings Great was the valour amongst other vertues of this vnparaleld and matchles princes if not altogether vanquishing yet repressing the furie of the raging and vnconquerable Danes threatning now an vtter destruction of the English nation brought to a low ebbe through their long restles invasions frequent victories depopulations tyranny He founded or rather renewed the most auncient aud renowned Vniversity of Oxford and first parted the land into shires tithings and hundreds deceasing in the yeares 901. Edward surnamed the Elder king of England son to Alfred He made subject the East-Angles and all other parts possessed by the now languishing and droping Danes excepting Northumberland held yet by princes of that natiō Athelstan king of Englād son to Edward He twise vanquished in fight Constantine king of the Scots assisted with the Irish subdued the Britons of Cumberland with the remainder of the Danes inhabiting Northumberland made the Welsh tributary and confined the Cornish within the River Tamar their present bounds the greatest and most victorious of the English Monarches before his time deceasing in the yeare 940. Edmund the first king of England son to Edward and brother to Athelstan The Danes of Northumberland revolting he againe brought vnder annexed that province to his immediate government He also quite ouerthrew the kingdome of the Britons of Cumberland killing the two sons of Dummailus their last king whose country hee gaue vnto Malcolme the first king of Scotland with condition of homage to the English Crowne and of his defence of those Northerne parts against the Danish intruders Edred King of England son to Edward and brother to Athelstan He the third time tamed and brought vnder the ever restles rebellious Danes of Northumberland Edwy King of England son to Edmund the first Against this prince nothing gratious with his subjects Edgar his brother next successour vsurped the dominion of the still vnquiet Northumbrians Mercians Edgar King of England surnamed the peaceable in regard of his quiet raigne not molested with forraigne or domestique warres nor ordinarie in those tumultuous stirring times son to Edmund brother to Edwy He remitted the taxe of money imposed by Athelstan vpon the Welshmen for a tribute of wolues Edward the second king of England son to Edgar surnamed the Martyr from the manner of his death murthered by the treachery of his stepmother Elfrida coveting the kingdome for her son Ethelred Ethelred the second king of England son to Edgar Elfrida halfe brother to Edward In his time the Danes who had laine still during the late raigne of his victorious praedecessours subdued or beaten home through the high valour of Alfred Athelstan and other succeeding English Monarches renew their wonted outrages on all sides with furie vnresistable pillaging spoyling the countrie encouraged by the quarrells factions and bad affection of his disloyall subjects withdrawing or forslowing their aides or betraying his armies after much calamity and affliction compounded withall by Ethelred and not long after vpon Saint Brice his festivall and in the yeare 1002 massacred in one day by the commaund hereof and a joint conspiracy of the English drawing on a more sharpe revenge dreadfull warre of the nation vnder Sueno Canutus their potent much incensed kings not ending but with the English Monarchy of the West-Saxons and the finall conquest hereof by Canutus After a long but miserable raigne he deceased in the yeare 1016. Edmund the second from his hardie valour surnamed the Iron-side son to Ethelred the second succeeding his father in the kingdome of England in his vnfortunate warre with the Danes Having fought sundry stout battailes and one single combate with Canutus in the I le of Alney by Glocester comming to an agreement with the Dane he parted with him the kingdome of England contenting himselfe with the more Southern moity hereof deceasing after a seaven moneths raigne a short time for so many braue acts which in that space he atchieued in the yeare 1016 about 567 yeares after the first arrivall of the Dutch vnder Hengist some 197 yeares since the name beginning of the kingdome by Egbert Edmund Iron-side thus removed out of the way the whole kingdome of the English tyred out with long miseries of war yeelded to Canutus and the Danes whose estate and succession followeth during their rule government over the English THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND VNDER THE DANES COncerning this Nation wee haue more fully related in the discourse of Germany They were a Dutch people for thus their Dutch dialect or language doth manifest Their name we conjecture from the bay Codanus Iland Codanonia of Mela now the Sundt Iland of Zelandt where and in the adjacent countries the Nation since their first mention hath alwayes continued When they begun we finde not Iornandes is the first of auncient authours by whom they are named living in the time of the Emperour Iustinian the first Their Countrey then he maketh to be the neighbouring Scanzia or Scandia most probably now Hallandt Schonen and Bleking or the part in that Continent of the present Denmarke We adde the Ilands of Zeland Funen with others lying in the straights of the Sundt Afterwards the exact time we know not they spread into the bordering Cimbrain Chersonese in the maine land of Germany taking vp the left roomes of the Iutes English departing into the Iland of Britaine vnder Hengist By the raigne of Charles
the Great king of the Frenchmen vnder their king Godfrey wee finde them in Aymonius extended Southwards in the Chersonesse as far as the riuer Eydore dividing them from the Saxons beyond the Elb the present bounds now of Denmark from the land of Holstein and the German Empire In the yeare 787 and raigne of Brithric king of the West-Saxons agreeing with the 20 yeare of Charles the Great we first heare of them in England with three ships landing in the South-West parts hereof not so much attempting a conquest as making a discouery of the country In the next raigne of Great Egbert they first to any purpose invaded the Iland arriuing at seuerall times in the Iland of Lindisferne in the North in Wales and in the I le of Shepeye in Kent not without much difficulty driuen out by Egbert He deceasing they fell on with greater power and rage in the raignes of his sons Ethelwolf and Athelstan and of the succeeding English Monarches sons to Ethelwolf laying waste and beating downe all before them and subduing the Provinces of the Mercians East-Angles and Northumbrians where the English Governours or Princes being either slaine or beaten out they erected petty tyrannies of their owne Nation omitting no kinde of barbarous cruelty vpon the miserable and distressed inhabitants By the wisdome patience and great valour of learned Alfred this violent torrent is somewhat asswaged and the edge of their fury abated By Edward surnamed the Elder the East-Angles are recovered and vnited againe to the English Empire By Athelstan Northumberland or the rest of England the Danes being either wholy expulsed by him or made subject to his government mixing amongst and ioyning in alliance with the English By Edmund the first and Edred the Danes rebelling in Northumberland are againe vanquished and reduced into the English obedience after whom we heere read no more of them during the more peaceable raignes of Edwy Edgar and Edward surnamed the Martyr and vntil Ethelred the second In the vnfortunate raigne of this Prince they begin afresh their intermitted pyracies war which after the treacherous massacre of the Nation by Etheldred they maintained with a more eager pursuit and bloudie revenge managed in person by Swaine and Canutus their powerfull kings In the yeare 1016 both sides wearied with their continuall fights and mutuall butcheries they come to a composition with the English and the kingdome is divided betwixt the reconciled kings Canutus son to Swaine and Edmund Ironside son to Etheldred The death of the Iron-side hapning in the same yeare put shortly an end to this division and a beginning to the Monarchie of the Danes after whom the English loath as before any more to hazard submitted voluntarily to Canutus and the Danish government The time from the first arrivall of the Danes in the raigne of Brithricus king of the West-Saxons vnto the conquest of England by Canutus was 229 yeares The male issue of Canutus fayling in his son Hardi-canute the English in the person of Edward surnamed the Confessour resume the soveraignty the Danes thrust out The kings of England follow of the Danish descent off-spring Canutus surnamed the Great king of England Denmarke Norweye and Sweden son to Swaine He tooke to wife Emme sister to Richard the third Duke of Normandy widow to king Ethelred mother to Edward the Confessour Peace his kingdome established hee vnburthened the land of the multitudes of his Danish souldiers contented with a large salary at the request of Emme sent back into their Country Hauing governed with much piety iustice moderation for the space of 19 yeares hee deceased in the yeare 1035 buried at Winchester Harold king of England naturall son to Canutus intruding in the absence of his brother Hardi-canute to whom England with Denmarke had beene allotted by the will of Canutus He deceased without issue in the yeare 1040. Hardi-canute king of England son to Canutus Emma He deceased likewise sans issue in the yeare 1042 the last prince of the Danish bloud The house of Canutus being thus extinguished the Crowne of England all Danish forraine bloud by a present Decree of the States excluded returneth againe vpon the English Edward for his Saint-like life surnamed the Coufessour son to Ethelred Emma is sent for out of France where with Richard William Dukes of Normandy he had soiourned during the Danish vsurpation by a generall consent succeedeth in the kingdome to whom besides his nearenesse in regard of his English descent the right of the Danes did seeme in a manner to appertaine being halfe brother to the late deceased king THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND recovered by the English or VVest-Saxons EDward surnamed the Confessour king of England son to king Ethelred the second Emma Daughter to Richard the second Duke of Normandy succeeding in the yeare 1042 Edward surnamed the out-law eldest son to Edmund Ironside the right heire remaining then in Hungarie passed ouer by the practise of Queene Emma very gracious in the subjects eyes or for that liuing in too forreine remote parts He deceased in the yeare 1066 marryed but hauing neuer vsed the company of his wife reputed in those blind times amongst his many true noble vertues deserving his accompt and name of Saint the last in the line masculine of the house of the West-Saxons Edward deceased Edgar Ethelinge the true heire son to Edward surnamed the out-law neglected as too young a forreiner borne in Hungary Harold son to Goodwin Earle of Kent Duke of the West-Saxons without either choyse or dislike of the irresolute English intrudeth into the Gouernment well approved for his great valour other Princely vertues befitting a king Harold king of England son to Goodwin Duke of the West-Saxons Earle of Kent succeeding in the yeare 1066 opposed by Harold Haardread king of Denmarke challenging the Crowne in the right of his Danish succession and by William surnamed the Bastard Duke of Normandy pretending the donation of Edward the Confessour The Dane vanquished slaine at Stamfordbridge in Yorkeshire with his torne and wearied troupes adventuring shortly after his person and the fortunes of the English against the Norman at the great battaile neare Hasting in Sussex he there most vnfortunately within the first yeare of his raigne lost both his kingdome and life the last English or Saxon king succeeded vnto by William the Conquerour and the Normans whose turne now falleth in the last place THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND vnder the Normans THe word Normans or Nortmans signified Northerne men with the Dutch of which Nation and language they were The name was common to the Danes Norvegians and Swethlanders or to whatsoeuer German people inhabiting towards the Pole Artique and the North taken vp or giuen vnto them from such their more Northerly situation An ancient Frencb Historian liuing in the raigne of the Emperour Lewis the Godly about which time we finde them
first mentioned more distinctly boundeth Normannia or the Countrey of the first or Dutch Normans with the river Eydore including within this accompt Denmarke and other more Northerly Regions and excluding Saxony and the parts of Germany lying vpon the South of that riuer They were otherwise called the Nord-luidi in Helmoldus and the aforesaid Authour The derivation we know not vnlesse from the words Nord or North and Lieu which last with the French signifieth a place or country The names were begun vpon occasion of the pyracies and warres of certaine mixtures of all those Northerne together or of the Swethlanders Norvegians a part following the tracts of the Danes and invading and preying vpon the French and English towards the declining estate of those nations and called by these generall appellations either because their proper names were not yet so well knowne abroad or because then consisting of many We first read of the expresse name of the Normans in the raigne of Charles the Great by Eginhartus in his life of that Emperour infesting then the sea-coasts of France and Germany Their mentioÌ„ after this is frequent more especially in the French Histories with great cruelty fury vnresistable afflicting the kingdome of France in the raigne of Charles the Bauld vnder their Captaine Hastinge and vnder Godfrey an other of their Leaders in the raigne of Charles the Gros. In the yeare 912 they first fixe fast footing in this rich Continent vnder Rollo another of their Captains to whom king Charles surnamed the Simple vpon composition for his peace herewith gaue the country of Neustria together with his daughter Gista in marriage with condition to hold the same vnder the fief and homage of the French kings and to become Christian. After this time that part of France from the firme residence hereof hath ever since beene called Normandy as the inhabitants hereof Normans victoriously held for a long time by the heires of Rollo with the title of Dukes of Normandie succeeded vnto by William surnamed Long-espee or with the Long-sword son to this first Rollo Richard the first son to William surnamed Long-espee Richard the second son to Richard the first Richard the third son to Richard the second Robert brother to Richard the third and William surnamed the Bastard the seaventh Duke naturall son to Robert Vnder this last prince these French Normans France now growing too narrow for their ambition first attempt vpon invade England Their colour for this war was the pretended right of their Duke William to the Crowne hereof bequeathed vnto him by Edward the Confessour in the time of the Danes during his exile in France confirmed afterwards by Edward being king and now since his decease with-held by Harold Their hopes in so great an enterprise was the vnsetled state of England now vnder an vsurper Edgar Etheling the right heire excluded and the favour of the Bishop of Rome Alexander the second then succeeding in the Papacy siding to their cause of whose countenance in authorizing vniust claimes Pepin and the late kings of France had made profitable vse In the yeare 1066 the Armies of the English Normans assisted with many thousands of French adventurers in Sussex neere Hastings fatally encounter Harold not by valour but through the sins and many vices of the Nation is vanquished and slaine with the losse of aboue 67000 of his valiant and faithfull souldiers and the remainder of the miserable English none then further adventuring factious irresolute without head and terrified with Papall cursings without any more resistance become subiect to the Conquerours William the Norman obtayneth the Crowne with great happines maintained hitherto in his Norman posterity The kingdome of the English the growth hereof hauing beene long hindred by the Danish warres before this last Norman conquest exceeded not the auncient limits of the Saxons Heptarchie bounding vpon the West with Wales and the Countries of Westmoreland Cumberland enjoyed by the Scots Welsh princes vnder the homage of the kings of England By king William the first following his victories Cumberland and Westmoreland as before are taken in and incorporated into the accompt name hereof By William Rufus and the succeeding Monarches Wales In forreine parts by Henry the second Ireland is conquered and Aniou Touraine Maine Aquitaine and Guienne with Normandy their auncient inheritance contayning almost one halfe part of France are annexed to the house and right of the Norman-English By Edward the third and the fift sixt Henries the potent kingdomes of France The French hauing long since withdrawn their allegiance divided asunder by spacius seas language and affection the rest remaine subject parts or states appending of the English kingdome In Iames the first of happy memory both kingdomes of England and Scotland or the whole Britaine are vnited vnder one Monarch together with Ireland a Countrie depending vpon England or the dominion of all the British Ilands The Kings of England follow of the Norman blood and vntill this last and blessed vnion William duke of Normandy from this victories surnamed the Conquerour the first king of England of the house of the Normans naturall son to Robert Duke of Normandy by Arlet a Burgers daughter of Falaise in that Countrey Battle-field wonne by conquest and a pretended right from the gift of Edward the Confessour his cosen German by the mothers side succeeding in the yeare 1066. The subdued English stubborne male-contented vnquiet and ill brooking forreine gouernment he oppressed with servitude and hard Lawes dispossessing the nobility of their goods places and revenues which he assigned to his French Normans the root of the present more auncient English gentrie He deceased in the yeare 1087. william the second surnamed Rufus from his more ruddy colour a younger son to the Conquerour king of England by the will of his father his elder brother Robert succeeding in the Dukedome of Normandy He deceased in the yeare 1100 slaine vnawares in New-Forrest in Hamshire as he was following his game vnmarried and without issue Henry the first surnamed Beauclercke or the good Scholler for such he was by meanes of his education borne at Selby in Yorkeshire yongest son to the Conquerour king of England through the advantage of his brother Roberts absence warring then abâ—ad in the Holy Land and by the favour of the people in regard of his English birth and his sugred promises which in part hee performed to remit those heavy lawes taxations wherewith they had beene burthened during the raignes of his father and brother To better his title and the more to insinuate into the English affections he tooke to wife Maude daughter to Malcolme the third king of Scotland and S t Margaret daughter to Edward surnamed the Out-law eldest son to Edmund Iron-side hereby vniting together the Norman and English blood in his issue posterity Warres arising betwixt the two brethren he with his English subdued the Normans vpon the same day after forty yeares
wherein his father with the Normans had conquered the English annexing Normandy to his English Crowne his borther Robert being surprised in battaile and detayned prisoner during life He deceased in the yeare 1135 the first English-Norman king Stephen Earle of Mortaigne yonger son to Stephen Earle of Blois and Champaigne by Adcla daughter to the Conquerour king of England by the power of his faction the advantage of his sexe and the pretended will of king Henry vpon his death-bed opposed by Maude the onely legitimate daughter surviuing issue of Henry formerly wife to Henry the fourth Emperour of the Romans After long trouble warres betwixt the two sides a peace at length is concluded Stephen is continued in the possession of the Crowne to returne after his decease vpon Henry Fitz-Empresse son to Mande and to the heires of the first Henry Henry the second son to Geffrey Plantaginet Earle of Aniou in France Maude the Empresse daughter to Henry the first and Maude daughter to Malcolme king of Scotland and S t Margaret descended from king Edmund surnamed the Iron-side In this prince the surname of Plantaginet was first deriued vpon the house of England continued vnto Edward sonne to George Duke of Clarence the last Plantaginet or of the male issue hereof the rest extinguished during the ciuill warres betwixt the houses of Yorke and Lancaster put to death by king Henry the seaventh He marryed vnto Eleanor daughter and sole heire to William Duke of Aquitaine Guienne and by armes voluntary submission made first subiect the factious and devided Irish king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou The dominion title of Ireland he had given vnto his yongest son Iohn Maude his eldest daughter was married vnto Henrie surnamed the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria from whom are descended the present Dukes of Brunswyck and Lunenburg in Germany bearing the same armes with the more auncient kings of England Richard the first king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou son to Henrie the second He accompanied Philip surnamed Augusts king of France with other Latine princes towards the East for the recoverie of the Holy Land renowned for his victories against Saladine Sultan of Aegypt and the Infidels Not the least in that journey amongst his other conquest was that of the Cyprioâ—s whom occasioned by some hostile and churlish carriages of Cursar their king against his distressed and weather-beaten Fleete he in few daies subdued exchanging that Iland with Guy of Lusignan for the kingdome or title of Hierusalem remaining in the house of Guy for many descents vntill the vsurpation thereof by the Venetians He deceased without issue Iohn king of England Duke of Normandie Aquitaine and Guienne Earle of Aniou and Lord of Ireland which last title he first added yongest son to Henry the second opposed by Arthur Duke of Britaine son to Geffrey his elder brother and Constance inheretresse of that house He lost Normandy Aniou Touraine and Maine with Poictou part of the Dukedome of Aquitaine to Philip the second surnamed Augustus French king pretending their forfeiture holding of the French kings in fee vpon the decease of Arthur whom he surmised to haue beene murthered by Iohn forsaken in those troubles by his disloyall Nobility refusing their aydes and betrayed by the natiues of those countries better effected to the French Ingaged at once in three dangerous warres against the Pope Cleargie the French king and his rebellious subjects to make his peace with the Pope his more potent adversary and the chiefe authour of those evils Innocentius the third then succeeding in the Papacy he enthralled his Crowne to the tribute and vassallage of the sea of Rome Henry the third son to Iohn succeeding in the left dominions of his father and in his warres against the French and his traiterous English Barons Edward the first son to Henry the third He subdued the Scots and annexed the Welsh to his English kingdome Edward the second son to Edward the first He marryed vnto Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth French king deposed by a joint conspiracy of his disloyall Queene subjects pretending his bad government and vices Edward the third son to Edward the second Isabel of France The male issue of Philip the fourth extinguished in Charles surnamed the Faire in right from his mother daughter to Philip the next heire generall he made claime to the rich kingdome of France assuming the title hereof and quartering his English armoryes with the French Lillies continued still in his successours Hauing vanquished the French in two memorable battailes at Crecy and Poictiers taken Iohn their king prisoner he in the end nothwithstanding fortune changing lost to that enimy all Aquitaine and Guienne the remainder of the English possessions in that Continent Calais excepted yeelded vp by the treacherous inhabitants ill affecting the English government and coveting a revnion with France He deceased in the yeare 1378. Richard the second king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward prince of Wales eldest son to Edward the third deposed by Henry the fourth without issue Henry the fourth king of England France Lord of Ireland son to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster fourth son to Edward the third the first prince of the Lancastrian family whose vsurpation and vniust title gaue occasion afterwards to those long and miserable warres betwixt his house Yorke Henry the fift king of England France and Lord of Ireland eldest son to Henrie the fourth The field of Azincourt won and the vnfortunate French vnder a lunatike and weake king being devided into two great factions of Burgundie and Orleans by the aide of Burgundie hauing married Catharine the French kings daughter he is made Regent of France during the malady and indisposition hereof and declared his next successour to the Crowne Charles the Dolphin his son disinherited Henrie the sixt king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Henry the fift Catherine of France Crowned French king at Paris in the yeare 1431. In the raigne hereof Richard Duke of Yorke layd claime to the Crowne of England in the right of the house of Clarence elder brother to Iohn of Gaunt father to king Henry the fourth ayded by Richard Nevile Earle of Warwick and other potent nobility the effect whereof was a bloody civill warre continued with variable fortune for the space of 25 yeares betwixt the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke the slaughter of the greatest part of the blood royall of both factions the deposing murder of this holy and just prince the irrecoverable losse of France by these tumults the establishing of the kingdome in Edward the fourth his succession the house of Yorke Edward the fourth son to Richard Plantaginet Duke of Yorke which Richard was son to Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmund Duke of Yorke fift son
to king Edward the third by Anna his wife daughter to Roger Mortimer Earle of March son to Edmund Mortimer Philippa daughter and sole heire of Lionel Duke of Clarence third son to king Edward king of England and France Lord of Ireland by conquest and the right of his house Edward the fift king of England and France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward the fourth deposed and afterwards murthered by his vnnaturall vncle Richard the third deceasing without issue Richard the third son to Richard Duke of Yorke and yonger brother to Edward the fourth He was slaine at Bosworth field against Henry the seaventh the last king of the name of Plantagenet Henry the seaventh king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edmund Earle of Richmund and Margaret his wife daughter to Iohn Duke of Somerset sonne to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster by Catherine Swinford the next and almost onely surviuing person of the house of Lancaster butchered in the late warres The better to assure the kingdome to his posterity and to prevent all future quarrells he tooke to wife Elizabeth eldest daughter to king Edward the fourth vniting in his issue the vndoubted rights of both factions of Lancaster Yorke Henry the eight son to Henry the seaventh He made Ireland a kingdome and first assumed the title of Defendour of the faith Edward the sixt king of England France and Ireland son to Henry the eight Mary Queene of England France and Ireland daughter to Henry the eight sister to Edward Elizabeth of famous memory Queene of England France Ireland sister to Edward Mary Iames of happie memory the sixt of that name king of Scotland in the yeare 1602 the whole issue of king Henry the eight being extinguished in Elizabeth succeeding in the kingdome of England and the dominions therevnto belonging son to Henry Stuart Lord Darly and Mary Queene of the Scots daughter to Iames the fift son to Iames the fourth Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry the seaventh the first sole Monarch of Great Britaine and of the neighbouring Ilands Charles king of Great Britaine France Ireland whom God long preserue sonne to Iames of happie memorie In this sort the Iland of Great Britaine having suffered so many alterations is at length now become devided into two onely kingdomes governed by one Monarch but not any wise depending or subordinate to another the kingdome of England lying vpon the South of the river Tweede Solwey Frith and the kingdome of Scotland lying beyond The kingdome of England our present subject hath beene formerly devided into 52 Shires or Counties Kent Sussex Surrey Barkeshire Hantshire Wiltshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Devonshire Cornwall Glocestershire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Hartfordshire Middlesex Essex Suffolke Norfolke Cambridgeshire Huntingdonshire Northamptonshire Rutlandshire Leicestershire Lincolneshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire Cheshire Staffordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Shropshire Herefordshire Monmouthshire Glamorganshire Brecknockshire Radnorshire Caermardenshire Penbrokeshire Cardiganshire Merioneihshire Caernarvonshire Anglesey Denbighshire Flintshire Lancashire Yorkeshire the Bishopricke of Durham Westmoreland Cumberland Northumberland Of these Kent retayneth yet the auncient name Essex Sussex haue bin thus called from the East South-Saxons Midlesex from the situation of the English or Dutch inhabitants planted betwixt the West South East Mercian Saxons Devonshire or Denshire from the Danmonij the auncient British inhabitants Westmoreland from the more Westerne position and quality of the countrey being hilly and full of fruitles wasts named Mores by the Northerne English Northumberland from the English kingdome of Northumberland whereof it was a part Rutlandshire most probably from the ruddie colour of the soile Barkeshire from the wood Berroc after Asser Menevensis Glamorganshire from the word Mor signifying the sea with the Britons or Welsh vpon which it lyeth Wiltshire and Somersetshire from Wilton and Somerton decayed townes sometimes the chiefe of the Shires Anglesey from the English since the possession hereof by the Nation Suth-rey or Surrey signifyeth with the English the Southerne kingdome a part of the kingdome of the South-Saxons Suffolke Norfolke the more Southerne and Northerne people compared thus together the parts sometimes of the kingdome of the East-Angles The occasion of the names of Cornwall and Cumberland we euen now related Merioneth was the auncient name given by the Welsh The reason hereof we finde not The rest haue beene named from the chiefe townes of each devision Their descriptions follow L. D. THE THIRD BOOKE Contayning the Chorographicall description of England KENT BOunded vpon the South and East with the English channell and the German Ocean vpon the North with the river Thames from Essex and vpon the West with Surrey and Sussex The country is hilly shaded with hedge-rowes woods populous and fruitfull planted with a frugall and industrious inhabitant The aire is thick and in many places agueish and vnholsome for this cause or in regard of some bad vapours from a wet cold and vnhealthfull ground Places of better note are Canterbury vpon the river Stour Darvernum of Ptolemy Durovernum of Antoninus Durovernia of Beda the chiefe towne and an Archbishops sea the Primate of the kingdome founded by Ethelbert the first Christian king of Kent in the person of S. Austine the Apostle of the English Vpon the Ocean Reculver a country village Regulbium of the Notitia the Station of the 1 Cohort named of the Vetasii Sandwich a Cinque Port. In the neighbouring fields stood the towne Rhutupiae of Ptolemy and Rhitupae of Antoninus the tract of whose streets are yet discovered by a more thin growth of corne in those places named S. Augustines crosse by the vulgar people a famous port of the Romans and the Mansion of their 2 d Legion surnamed Augusta drawne hither in the waine of that Empire from Isca Silurum now Caer Leon in South-Wales to defend the coast against the pyracies and incursions of the Saxons North hereof lyeth the I le of Tenet Thanatos of Ptolemy made by the river Stour here dividing and falling into the Ocean with two branches or channels The foreland a promontory of the Iland is named Cantium by Ptolemy in some editions corruptly Nucantium and Acantium Dover vnder the cliffs and where they divide Dubris of Antoninus and Dubrae of the the Notitia the Station of a foot company of the Tungricani a noted passage into France and one of the Cinque ports defended with a spacious and strong castle mounted vpon a high and praecipitous rocke commaunding the subject Ocean The Constable hereof is Warden of the Cinque ports The straight of the sea betwixt this and the Continent named by the French Le Pas de Calais by the Latines Fretum Caletanum containeth about 30 miles in breadth At the castle of Deale a low shore in the way towards Sandwich Caesar is thought to haue landed when he first invaded Britaine Along the cliffs Folkeston Hide a cinque port
with Middlesex The countrie is fruitfull no lesse pleasant Places of more note are Roiston vnder the downs and vpon the edge of Cambridgeshire Bishop-Stortford vpon the river Stort Vpon and along the course of the Lea Hartford the Shire town Herudford of Beda the place of a Synod of the English and British Bishops in the time of Saint Austine the Apostle of the Saxons Ware a great and noted roade Hoddesdon Theobalds a royall house of the Kings More VVest-ward S t Albans occasioned by the Monasterie thus named founded by Offa king of the Mercians to the memorie of S t. Alban the first Martyr of the Britons here put to death during the tenth persecution in the raigne of the Emperour Dioclesian Close by where is Verulam stood sometimes the towne Verulamium of Tacitus and Vrolamium of Ptolemy a Municipium of the Romans and after Gildas the countrie of S t Alban the Martyr Neere vnto Redburn vpon VVatlingstreet or the Roman militarie way betwixt this Dunstable is thought to haue stood Durocobrivis of Antoninus as on the other side vpon Brockley hill neere Ellestree in the same roade towards London Sulloniacae of the same Authour Barkhamsted It contayneth 8 Hundreds 18 Market-townes and 120 Parishes The auncient inhabitants were the Cattyeuchlani of Ptolemy afterwards part of the Mercian and East-Saxons MIDLE-SEX BOunded vpon the North with Hartfordshire vpon the West with the river Cole from Buckinghamshire vpon the South with the Thames from Surrey Kent and vpon the East with the Lea from Essex The aire is healthie pleasant the countrie fruitfull graced with sundry faire villages and townes and houses of the gentrie and nobilitie Places of better note are Vxbridge vpon the Cole Along the Thames Stanes at the fall or entrance of the Cole Hampton-Court a great magnificent house of the Kings Brentford London Londinium of Ptolemy Antoninus and Tacitus Lundonium surnamed Augusta of Ammianus Marcellinus a famous Mart-towne of the Britons misplaced by Ptolemy amongst the Cantij now the royall chamber of the kings a Bishops See the chiefe citie of the kingdome with VVestminster Redcliff and Limehouse wherewith it is continuate extended vpon the river for about 4 miles in length and some mile and a halfe in breadth sumptuous in buildings mighty populous esteemed at 600 thousand of Inhabitants flourishing in trades and gainefull manufactures strong in marchants shipping the magazin of all the riches and commodities which the whole earth and world affordeth At VVestminster in the magnificent Church of S t Peter the Kings of England are vsually Crowned as likewise enterred begun by Sebert the first Christian king of the East-Saxons but raised to the state we see by Edward the Confessour and the succeeding English Monarches Blackewall a Roade for greater vessels almost continuate with Limehouse The auncient inhabitants were the Trinobantes of Caesar and Trinoantes of Ptolemy afterwards the East-Saxons Here are contayned onely 73 Parishes besides 121 accompted within the City Liberties and Suburbs ESSEX BOunded vpon the West with the riuer Stort from Hartfordshire and the Lea from Midle-sex vpon the South with the Thames from Kent vpon the East with the German Ocean and vpon the North with the Stoure from Suffolke The Countrey is large woody fruitfull rich but low flat in many places more especially vpon the Thames Sea-coasts marishy agueish and verie vnhealthfull Townes of more note are Waltham vpon the Lea naming the great forest thus called Neerer London vpon the same riuer Leiton a straggling village thought to be Durolitum of Antoninus Barking at the confluence of the Thames and the riuer Roding Rumford Brentwood conjecturally Caesaromagus of Antoninus Ralegh Not farre of at the mouth of the Thames lyeth the Iland Convey Convennos of Ptolemy low and subject to invndations Chelmesford not vnprobably Canonium of Antoninus Cogshall vpon the riuer Froshwell Pant or Blacke-water for by all these it is named Further downe vpon the same riuer Maldon Camudolun of Ptolemy and Camalodunum of Tacitus others the royall seate of Cynobellinus king of the Trinobantes afterwards a Roman Colony planted by Ostorius Scapula in the raigne of the Emperour Claudius Below vpon the Blacke-water in Dengey Hundred a flat vnhealthfull soile stood sometimes Ithancester of Beda the place where S t Cedda baptized the relapsed East-Saxons in the raigne of Sigebert their king thought to be Othona of the Notitia the station of a foote company of the Fortenses The towne hath long since beene worne into the river The shore hereabouts yeeldeth plenty of most excellent oisters Colchester Colonia of Antoninus vpon the riuer Colne the chiefe towne Harwich a noted port at the mouth of the Stoure Walden Close by is Audley-end a great sumptuous house of the Earles of Suffolke In the bordering fields as in Cambridge-shire and Norfolke groweth store of Saffron It contayneth 20 Hundreds 21 Market-townes 415 Parishes The auncient inhabitants were the Trinobantes of Caesar afterwards the East-Saxons SVFFOLKE BOunded vpon the West with Cambridgeshire vpon the South with the Stoure from Essex vpon the East with the German Ocean and vpon the North with the Lesser Ouse and the Wavency from Norfolk The soile is most fat and rich vnles towards the East the countrey large populous and well furnished with harbours and safe roades for ships Places of more note are Sudbury vpon the Stour Hadley vpon the Breton Towards the head of the riuer Bretenham Combretonium of Antoninus Wulpet Ipswich vpon the riuer Orwell the chiefe towne a populous rich noted empory Woodbridge vpon the Deben Framlingham a beautifull strong castle Vpon the Sea-coast Aldburg Dunwich Domuc of Beda sometimes a Bishops See the first of the East-Angles founded by king Sigebert in the person of Faelix the Apostle hereof extinguished by the Danish warres The towne now is ruinous and much decayed for the greatest part worne into the sea Southwold at the mouth of the riuer Blith Iland-like at everie Full-sea environed with the Ocean Beyond is Easton-nesse Extensio of Ptolemy the furthest point Eastward of the kingdome More West S t Edmundsburie Villa Faustini of Antoninus named thus from S t Edmund the last king of the East-Angles martyred by the Danes and here enshrined New-market in both counties of Suffolke and Cambridgeshire amongst greene spacious plaines The shire contayneth three greater devisions which they name the Geldable S t Edmonds Liberty and the Liberty of S t Audry distributed amongst 22 Hundreds 28 Market-townes and 575 Parishes The ancient inhabitants were part of the Iceni of Tacitus the Simeni corruptly of Ptolemy afterwards the East-Angles NORFOLKE BOunded vpon the South with the Lesser Ouse and the Wavency from Suffolke vpon the East and North with the Ocean the Washes the river Nen from Lincolneshire and vpon the West with the Greater Ouse from Cambridgeshire
iurisdiction or their Delegates offices for the most part hereditary to noble families The Country containeth 34 parts or diuisions Merch. Lauden Tweedale Teifidale Liddesdale c. Annandale Niddesdale Galloway Carick Kyle Cuningham Arran Cluidesdale c. Lennox Stirling Fife Strath-ern MeÌ„teith Argile Cantire and Lorne lying vpon the South of the riuer Taye and Braid-albin Loquabria Perth Athol Anguis Mern Marre Buquhan Murray Rosse Sutherland Catnesse and Strath-Navern lying vpon the South of that river the middle of the kingdome MERCH LYing vpon the German Ocean betwixt Northumberland in England and Lauden More noted places are Hume-Castle naming the familie of the Humes Kelso Coldingham Coldana of Beda and not vnprobably Colania of Ptolemy Fast-Castle belonging to the Humes vpon the Promontory S. Ebbes LAVDEN EXtended along the same Ocean betwixt Merch and the Frith of Edenburg fruitfull in corne and inhabited by an industrious and civill people Chiefer townes are Hadington in a plaine vpon a small rivulet named the Tine Below vpon the Ocean and neare vnto the mouth of that river stood sometimes the strong Castle of Dunbar in the yeare 1567 destroyed by the commande of the States iealous of the surprisall thereof by rebells Musselborough vpon the riuer Eske memorable for a great overthrow of the Scots giuen by the English vnder Edward Duke of Somerset protectour of the Realme of England in the minority of king Edward the Sixt. Leith a noted port vpon the Frith of Edenborough Bodotria of Tacitus and Boderia of Ptolemy the seate of warre of the French in the raigne of Queene Mary wife vnto Francis the Dolphin besieged and thrust out by the ioinct armes of Queene Elizabeth of famous memorie and the Scottish nobility Edenburgh the chiefe citty of the kingdome extended betwixt West and East vpon a hil or rising ground of some mile in length some halfe a mile in breadth populous faire and through the neighbourhood of the Frith and Leith rich and well traded defended with wals and a magnificent and strong castle mounted vpon a steepe and precipitious rocke towards the West end of the Towne Some suppose here to haue beene Alata Castra of Ptolemy but erroneously Linlithquo or Lithquo vpon a Lake neere vnto the head of the Frith supposed to be Lindum of Ptolemie a citty of the Damnij of the same Authour TWEEDALE COntinued along the Tweede towards Merch Berwijck commended for sheepe and woolls More chiefe places are Drimlar Castle and Peblis and Selkirck Sherifdomes or Praefectureships for the vally all standing vpon the Tweede TIVIDALE SEated among rocky hills betwixt Tweedale and Northumberland and along the course of the river Teviot Places of more note are Iedburg neere vnto the confluence of the Ied and Teviot and Roxburg a decayed castle at the meetings of the Teviot and Tweede the Sherifdome of the country fatall to the Scots by the vntimely death of king Iames the second slaine in the siege hereof by the English These fowre seeme to containe the Gadeni of Ptolemie ESKE-DALE LIDDES-DALE AND EVSE-DALE NAmed thus from and extended vpon the rivers Eske and the Lidden and Euse by the Eske disburdened in the Solway neere to Caerlile The chiefe place is the Hermitage a strong castle in Liddesdale ANNANDALE COntinued vpon both sides of the riuer Annan falling into the Frith of Solway against Burgh vpon the Sands in Cumberland More noted places are the Castle Maban strongly seated within the Lake Maban and the towne Annand standing vpon the riuer thus named nere vnto the fall therof into the Frith NIDISDALE LYing to the West of Annandale vpon the riuer Nid Nobius of Ptolemy receiued into the Solway below the riuer Annan Places of better note are vpon the Nid Sanghuer Castle wherof are entitl'd the Lords Sanqhuer of the house or name of the Creichtons Morton naming the Earles Morton of the name of Duglas Dunfreis nere to the fall of the riuer a rich well traded Emporie the chiefe towne of these parts At the mouth of the riuer Caerlaverock castle Carbantorigum of Ptolemie the house now of the Lord Maxwels Vpon a lake more remote from the river Glencarne whereof are stiled the Earles of Glencarne of the house of the Cuninghams These from Eskedale seeme more anciently to haue contained the Elgovâ—e or Selgovae of Ptolemy imparting their name to bordering Frith of Solway GALLOWAY RIsing with grassie hils betwixt Nidisdale vpon the East and Carict vpon the North and enclosed vpon the other sides with the Irish Ocean the most Westerne part this way of the kingdome Places of more note are vpon the riuer Dee Dea of Ptolemy Kircoubright a commodious haven and Seneschaussee Wigton a Sherifdome and a commodious Port betwixt the rivers Blaidnoo and Crea Whit-herne Leucopibia of Ptolemy a Bishops sea the seat sometimes of S. Ninian the Apostle of the Northern Picts Beyond lyeth the Mul of Galloway a Promontory and Chersonese ioyned to the continent by a very narrow neck of land the Promontory of the Novantes of Ptolemy the furthest point of Galloway towards the West and Ireland CARICT SEated vpon the Irish Ocean betwixt Galloway and Kile rich in pasturages corne and commodities arising from the sea Places of more note are Bargeny Berigonium of Antoninus and Cassil Castle the seat of the Earles thus named of the house of the Kennedyes KYLE VPon the Irish Ocean or Frith of Dunbriton betwixt Carict and Cuningham populous and well inhabited The chiefe towne is Aire a Sherifdome and a noted port Empory at the fall of the river thus called into the Ocean or Frith of Dunbriton CVNINGHAM VPon the Frith or Irish Ocean betwixt Kyle and Dunbriton More noted places are vpon the Sea-coast Irwin a small Port at the mouth of the Irwin a river parting this Country and Kyle Ardrossan Castle Largis Neerer Dunbriton Eglington Castle naming the Earles of Eglington The parts inclusiuely from Galloway were the Novantes of Ptolemie CLVYDS-DALE LYing vpon both sides of the river Cluyd from the head thereof in Crawford-Moore towards the Frith of Dunbriton 〈…〉 Duglas Castle in Duglas-dale a valley vpon the river Douglas naming the ancient and noble familie of the Duglasses Lanric a Sherifdome at the confluence of the Duglas and Cluyd Hamilton Castle vpon the Cluyd naming the house and Marquesses of Hamilton Bothwell whereof the Earles Bothwell were entitl'd vpon the Cluyd Farther downe vpon the same riuer Glascow an Arch-bishops sea an Vniversity and the chiefe towne Betwixt this and Cuningham lyeth the Barony of Renfrew named thus froÌ„ the towne a Sherifdome hereditary to the Lord Sempils LENNOX LYing vpon the North of the river Cluyd whereby it is divided from the Barony of Renfrew and by the river Kelwin parted from Cluydes-dale or the Sherifdome of Glascow named thus from the riuer Levin Lelanonius of Ptolemy issuing forth of
OF THE STATE OF EVROPE XIIII Bookes CONTAINING THE HISTORIE AND RELATION OF THE MANY PROVINCES HEREOF Continued out of approved Authours BY GABRIEL RICHARDSON BATCHELOVR in Divinitie and FELLOW of BRASEN-NOSE College in Oxford OXFORD Printed for HENRY CRIPPS An. Dom. 1627. TO THE RIGHT REVEREND FATHER IN GOD IOHN Lord Bishop of LINCOLNE one of his Maiesties most Honourable Privie Councell and Visitour of Brasen-Nose Colledge in OXFORD Right Reverend and my Honourable good Lord THE certaine hopes that Bishop Smith our Founder of blessed memory conceaues in his Statutes of all his successours for the protection of his College giues me the meanest of that Societie some heart to present these my first and weake labours to your Honours Patronage But more bold I am vpon your imbred and vnderived pronenesse to the advancement of Scholasticall indeavours whereof both the Vniversities Colleges Schooles Libraries enriched by your magnificent hand are daily and pregnant arguments This enlarging of the bowels of compassion towards learning in these later and straighter times as it is a miracle for the rarenesse so ought we all of vs both to powre out our praiers to God for such ample dispensers of this goodnes to men as also our vtmost labours with all thankfull acknowledgment to preserue their memories And if my selfe shal cast a mite into this treasurie pardon Right Honourable a boldnesse that proceeds out of an amazed esteeme of this your owne and vnimitable quality as from a most humble devotion to your everlasting honour and happinesse Your Lordships most humble devoted GABRIEL RICHARDSON OF THE STATE OF EVROPE THE FIRST BOOKE COntayning a generall survey of EVROPE and of the Iland of Great Britaine with the present bounds situation and quality of England The Inhabitants Their description languages and affaires of religion vnto our times The Bishops and Cleargie The civill gouernment The King His title of Defendour of the Faith The Nobles Gentrie and Commons The great victories and Conquests of the English Their no lesse disgraces and losses abroad by meanes of their quarrells and dissentions The devision of the Kingdome into Shires Tithings and Hundreds The ranke and number of the Shires EVROPE THe vniversall Globe of the Earth our moderne better experienced times haue found distinguished into fiue greater devisions whervnto all the rest belong are parts the New-found Lands of America and Magellanica detected by late discoueries and those of Asia Africa and Europe lying in one Continent and onely known vnto ancient ages Of these the least but most noble part is Europe the seate of Christianity and of the Church of God and the nurse of victorious and famous nations the glorious Conquerours of the World wherein banished from all other countryes mastered by tyrannie basenes ignorance and barbarisme religion civility arts knowledge libertie and valour at this day rest confined the subiect of this discourse The Etymologie hereof is altogether vncertaine The more exact bounds are vpon the North the Frozen Seas of Lapland and Norwey vpon the West the Vergiuian and Atlantique Oceans vpon the South the Straights of Gibraltar and the Sea Mediterranean from Africa and vpon the East from Asia the Archi-pelago the Seas Maggiore and Zabache the riuer Don and a line continued from thence vnto the White Sea or Baye of S. Nicholas It is situated betwixt the 36 and 71 1 2 degrees of Northerne latitude and the 5 and 59 degrees of Longitude accompting from the Meridian by the Azores The longest day at the towne of Gibraltar in Spaine which is the most Southerne point containeth about 14 houres and a quarter At Wardhuis the point most Northerly the greatest continuance of the Sunne aboue the Horizon lasteth 2 whole moneths 22 dayes some 7 houres It containeth the distinct Provinces and names of Spaine France Germanie the Low-Countries Switzerland Denmarke Norwey Sweathland Prussen Leifland Poland Lithuania Podolia part of the Tartars and Russes Hungarie Transsylvania Walachia Moldavia Bulgaria Bosna Servia Rascia Windish-land Italy and Greece seated in the maine land and of Ilands lying in the Ocean beside some lesser those of Island Freisland Great Brittaine Ireland Cadiz Mallorca Menorca Sardinia Corsica Sicilie and Candia with those many of the Archi-pelago devided amongst 9 greater Monarchs the Emperours of the Romans or Germans Russes and Turkes and the Kings of Great Brittaine France Spaine Denmarke Sweathland Poland together with the free Common-wealths and inferiour Princes of the Netherlands Italy the Switzers and Grisons Ptolemie in his 2 Booke sorteth these into the c more Westerne and the more Easterne Provinces whose methode I haue here obserued In the more Westerne devision he comprehendeth the Brittish Ilands Iberia or Spaine Celto-galatia or Gaule Germany Rhaetia Vindelicia Noricum Pannonia Illyris and Dalmatia contayning now the Kingdomes of Great Brittaine and Ireland Spaine France Germany the Switzers Netherland Denmarke Norwey Sweathland Hungary Windischland Krabbaten Bosna Contado di Zara Dalmatia Albania with their Ilands whose descriptions state and sundry fortunes follow in order GREAT BRITAINE THE Country hath beene thus distinguished from Britaine in France in regard of the lesser extension thereof named the Lesser Britaine It is a famous Iland seated in the Ocean to the North-west of the Continent of Europe some 30 Italian miles where the passage is the narrowest from France or the next maine land the Great Iland as Aristides calleth it another world after Solinus the Worke of sporting Nature after Mercator made more gracefully to adorne the Vniverse the glory of Ilands the Queene and mistresse of the seas and the beauty of the West The bounds are vpon the West part of the Westerne Ocean with S. George his Channell from Ireland vpon the North the open and spacious Northerne seas vpon the East the German Ocean from Denmarke Germany and the Netherlands and vpon the South the English Channell from France The figure hereof is Triangular or Three-square whose Basis might be the Sea-coast towards France It lyeth in the Northern halfe-part of the temperate Zone extended from the 16⅚ vnto the 21 degree of Longitude accompted from the first Meridian by the Azores Ilands and from the 50⅙ degree vnto the 60½ of Northerne Latitude or from beyond the 18 Paralel or the beginning of the eight Clime vnto beyond the 27 Paralel or beginning of the 13 Clime The longest day at the Lizard point in Cornwall the most Southerly part contayneth about 16 houres and a quarter At Straithy head in Scotland which is the point lying farthest to the North the same containeth 18 houres and 3 quarters The length of the Iland from South to North after this accompt is some 620 Italian miles The greatest Breadth betwixt East and West according to a right line is about 250 of the same miles Camden reckoneth 320 miles bending with the crookes and turnings of the Sea-coast The whole circumference he accompteth at 1836 miles A Paralel drawne ouer the middle
an end to these long afflictions and vnsetled state of the Church the Gospell reestblished with mature and graue aduice and confirmed by her many victories and long and prosperous raigne continued since by her glorious successour King Iames maintained by the authority of his royall pen the faiths vndoubted defender the Churches patron and the true Cleargies friend with no lesse zeale and constancie by Charles our gracious soueraigne now raigning heire of his Fathers Crowne and Prinâ—ly vertues The Religion then here publiquely allowed is the Reformed or Protestant whose briefe summe is set downe in the 39 Articles agreed vpon in a Convocation holden at London in the yeare 1562 and confirmed by the Cleargie of both Provinces The supreame head hereof is the prince by a common right and prerogatiue of Kings and by decree of Parliament enacted in the yeare 1534 26 of the raign of King Henry the eight The Cleargie are Arch-bishops Bishops and inferiour ranks all Regulars or Monks excluded The Arch-bishops or Metropolitane seas follow Canterbury whose Diocesse with that of Rochester is Kent and whose Province in a manner is the whole South-part of England on this side Trent and Humber begunne about the yeare 596 by Ethelbert the first Christian King of the Kentish Saxons in the person of Saint Austine the first Apostle of the English The Bishops hereof are named Primates and Metropolitans of all England by order of Convocation in the yeare 1534. Formerly during the Romish Hierarchy they assumed the title of Legats of the Popes and Primates of all Britaine Yorke whose Diocesse is Nottinghamshire and Yorkeshire and Province the part of England vpon the North of Humber Dee and Trent founded about the yeare 652 by Edwin King of Northumberland in the person of Paulinus Chaplaine to his Queene Ethelburga and the Apostle of these Northerne parts of the English The Bishopricks may thus be ranked vnder their seas Metropolitane vnder Canterbury London whose Diocesse is Essex Middlesex and part of Hartfordshire founded about the yeare 606 by Sebert and Ethelbert Kings of the East and Kentish Saxons in the person of Mellâ—â—us the Apostle of the East-Saxons and continued after a long apostacy by Sigebert the second Christian king hereof in the person of S. Cedde the second Apostle and Bishop brother to Saint Ceadda for thus are the names distinguished the Apostle and Bishop of Lichfield and the Mercians The Bishops hereof are otherwise in Beda named of the East-Saxons The extent of their iurisdiction hath not any thing beene altered since the time of their institution Winchester founded by Kenwald king of the VVest-Saxons in the person of VVina a Frenchman taken out of the large Diocesse of Dorcester by Oxford in the time of Agilbert the second Bishop of that sea founded by King Kingills father to Kenwald in the person of Berinus an Italian the Apostle of the West-Saxons Agilbert forsaking England discontented with this division and the promotion of VVina the voyde Bishopricke of Dorcester became vnited to VVina to the sea hereof By king Ina the South-Saxons are likewise herevnto added vpon his conquest of that Countrey The great Bishoprick of VVinchester contained then by this meanes both kingdomes of the South and West-Saxons By Ina about the yeare 704 the Bishopricke of Sherborne is taken out Not long after in the yeare 711 the Bishopricke of Selsey for the South-Saxons The Diocesse after so many loppings comprehendeth now the countries onely of Surrey and Hantshire with the Iles of VVight Iersay Garnsay and Alderney In the yeare 733 Dorcester was againe made a Bishops see but for the Province of the Mercians takeÌ„ out of the Diocesse of Lichfield Out of Sherborne by Edward surnamed the Elder were devided the Bishoprickes of VVells for Sommersetshire of Ramesbury for Wiltshire and of Kirton and Bodman for Devonshire and Cornwall Of these Ramesbury became vnited againe with Sherborne in bishop Herman and the raigne of Edward the Confessour Bodman during the Danish warres was translated to S. Germans and lastly vnited with Kirton by the authority of king Canutus Of Kirton and VVells hereafter The Bishops of Winchester were otherwise in Beda named of the West-Saxons Lincolne begunne at Dorcester by Oxford in the yeares aforesaid brought hither by Bishop Remigius in the raigne of the Conquerâ—ur according to the order of a Synod at London that the Sees of bishops in obscure and decayed townes should be remoued to the chiefe citties of each Diocesse It conteined then the middle of England betwixt the riuer of Thames and Humber By king Henry the first the bishoppricke of Elie is taken out By Henry the eight those of Oxford and Peterborough It extendeth yet over Lincolneshire Leicestershire Huntingdonshire Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire with part of Hartfordshire the largest of all the English bishopricks Sarisburie begunne at Sherborne by Ina king of the West-Saxons in the person of Adelmus about the yeare 704 and remoued hither by bishop Hâ—man in the raigne of the Conquerour It conteineth now VViltshire and Barkshire Excester begunne at Kirton in Devonshire in the person of Adulfus by Edward surnamed the Elder Monarch of the English and remoued hither vnder bishop Leofricus in the raigne of Edward the Confessour VVells tooke out of the Diocesse of Sherborne and founded in the person of Athelmus by Edward the Elder Monarch of the English-Saxons By Iohn de Villula vnder king VVilliam Rufus the See was remoued to Bath Vnder bishop Robert in the raigne of king Stephen the two Churches of Bath and VVells after much contention are agreed and the Bishoppes are to assume the title of both places continuing euer since The Diocesse hereof is onely Somersetshire Chichester begun in Selsey by Edilwalch the first Christian king of the South-saxons in the person of S. VVilfride the exiled bishop of Yorke or of Northumberland the Apostle hereof after VVilfride and the conquest of the country by the West-Saxons vnited to Winchester about the yeare 711 in bishop Edbrith devided againe from Winchester and restored to Selsey and lastly from Selsey remoued hither the chiefe towne of the Diocesse by bishop Stigand in the time of William the Conquerour It conteineth onely Sussex Elye tooke of Lincolne and conteyning only Cambridgeshire founded by king Henry the first in the person of Harvaeus sometime Bishop of Bangor in Wales Norwich begun at Dunwich about the yeare 630 by Sigebert king of the East-Angles in the person of Faelix a Burgundian vnder Bisus the fourth bishop diuided into two Bishopricks of Dunwich and North-Elmham in the yeare 955 after a long vacancy during the Danish tyranny and vsurpation in the person of Athulfus restored and vnited in one bishoppricke of North-Elmham by Edwy king of the English-Saxons by bishop Herfast remoued from North-Elmham
length totally subdued by Edmund Monarch of the Saxons aided by Lewelin king of Dimetia or Southwales and giuen by Edmund vnto Malcolme king of the Scots to be held vnder the sief of the kings of England with condition to defend the Northerne frontire of the English against the Danes and forraine invaders After this time Cumberland and Westmoreland or the countrey hereof for aboue the space of one hundred yeares were possessed by the Scottish Nation whose Praefects as the Scottish writers tearme them or immediate Princes were the eldest sons or next Heires of Scotland By king William surnamed the Conquerour they were taken from the Scots and with the rest of England subjected to the Normans King Stephen ingaged in a dangerous war against Maâ—de the Empresse restored Cumberland to the Scots to be held with the old conditions recouered againe not long after by king Henry the second his successour disliking this liberalitie of Stephen and so great a diminution of his kingdome and incorporated with the Crown of England in which vnion the country hath euer since continued the name language and accompt of the Britons thorough their English and Scottish subjection being long since here worne out and extinguished THE VVELSH BRITONS THese in their natiue language call themselues Câ—mro Cymero and Cymbri as their Latihe Authours Cambri and their countrey Cambria which they would haue to be deriued from Camber one of the sonnes of Brutus their progenitour vnto whose share this part of the Iland should fall in the devision hereof with his brethren a fable begunne by Geffrey or Monmouth and yet maintained by all their Historians Commentatours men otherwise learned and skilfull in antiquities but over zealous to preferre the glory of this their Troian descent The name as before we haue shewed was common to the Britons of Cumberland and to the rest of the nation the words Britons Britaine not being British originally but imposed by the Greekes and forreiners The Etymologie hereof we cannot conjecture vnlesse from Gomar the sonne of Iapheth first peopling these VVesterne parts of Europe and from whom after Iosephus and Zonaras the Gaules were aunciently called Gomarenses and Gomares of which nation the first Britons were a colonie Their name of Welsh or Walsh was Dutch and of a later imposition signifying strangers with the Saxons in which accompt the English still held the Britons They were a more great strong remainder of the vanquished Britons vnder their King Careticus before mentioned driuen ouer the Severne by the victorious Saxons and sheltering themselues amongst the Silures Ordovices and the Mountaines of the VVest The name notwithstanding of the Welsh we finde not vntill afterwards and the yeare 708 at what time we first read in Henry of Huntington of one Gerent King of the Welshmen ouercome in so attaile by Ina the VVest-Saxon some 19 yeares after the decease of Cadwallader and end of the British kingdome The more auncient bounds hereof were vpon the South the sea of Severne by which they were diuided from the Cornish Britons vpon the West the Irish Ocean and vpon the North East the rivers Dee Severne from the Mercian Saxons By the raigne of Offa King of the Mercians succeeding in the yeare 758 all the plaine Country beyond the Severne where now is Herefordshire with parts of Glocestershire Shropshire and Worcestershire being subdued and taken in by the Saxons of Mercia they were wholy shut vp within their Mountaines for their better distinction enclosed by Offa and severed from his English with a wide and deep ditch continued from Basingwerk vpon the Dee betwixt Chester Ruthland in Flintshire along the hills vnto the mouth of the river Wye neere Bristoll whose tract in many places is yet seene and named Claudh Offa in their language or Offa's ditch afterwards the common bound of both nations Others notwithstanding as a more known limit make the river Wye to be the bounds of both Their government after Cadwallader was vnder diverse Lords whom their Histories call Kings Amogst these their Chronicle maketh mention of Edwall Roderique and Conan Tindaethwy descended from Cadwallader and following in a direct line the progenitours of the succeeding Princes Afterwards Roderique surnamed the Great grandchild by his mother vnto Conan Tindaethwy attained to a Monarchy of the whole Wales which about the yeare 870 he deuided into three parts or provinces which limited and distinguished with their meeres he left vnto his three sons with the authority name of Kings Guinedh or Northwales bounded with the Dee the Ocean the riuer Dovi the part of Anarawd his eldest sonne Deheubarth or South-wales lying beyond the riuer Dovi Powys extended vpon the East toward England the portions of Codelh and Mervin his two yonger sonnes These likewise subdeviding their estates amongst their numerous issue as did continually their successours after them for such was then the bad custome of the Welsh the countrey againe became shared amongst many petty Lords each sonne hauing a part of his fathers inheritance whereof some notwithstanding the eldest sonne most commonly or who otherwise overtopped the rest in power or favour with the people still bore the titles of their generall divisions knowne in their histories by the names of Kings of North and South-Wales and Lords of Powys continuing those stiles vntill towards their subiection to the English Amongst these likewise one was still accompted soveraigne or chiefe Lord to whom the rest were to pay tribute and to doe seruice which honour by the order of Roderique the great and of Howell Dha their lawgiuer was due vnto the succession of Anarawd before mentioned the Kings of Northwales the first borne or chiefe of the house of Cadwallader These their soueraigne lords are named kings in the Welsh historie vnto Owen surnamed Guyneth succeeding about the yeare 1137 who first is called Prince which title is continued vntill the time of Edward the first King of England to Lâ—evelyn their last prince taken vp since by the heires of the house of England By Egbert the great Saxon Monarch the nation is first made subject to the tribute and homage of the English ruled neuerthelesse after their owne lawes and free from forreine yoake vntill the Kings of England of the Norman race By Bernard de Neumarck a Norman gentleman assisted by the Aubryes and other of the French English nobility in the raigne of William Rufus king of England Brechiniauc now Brecknockshire after a long and hard warre is wrested herefrom and annexed to the English Empire By Robert Fitz-hamon in the same raigne Morganwc now Glomorganshire By Arnulph of Mountgomerie and Girald of Winsore his successour in the warre in the raigne of King Henry the first the Country of Dyvet now Pembrokeshire at what time a colonie of the Flemmings whose countrie had beene drowned by the Ocean by the permission hereof were planted in Ros a part of Dyvet continuing
of Northumberland vpon the West with the Scots and vpon the East and North with the German and Northerne Oceans The kingdome of the Northumbrians after their last Ethelred and the yeare 794 becomming extinct or miserably languishing through a 33 yeares ciuill dissention and the invasion of the Danes by the advantage hereof they enlarged their bounds Southwards as farre as the river Tweed gotten from the English The contayned a little before their finall ouerthrow by the Scots the Countryes now of Tividale Tweedale Merch Lauden Fife Cuningham Merne Anguish Straith-ern and Marre with others or the whole Easterne part of the present Scotland from the Tweede Northwards By the Scots vnder their King Kenneth after a fierce and bloody warre about the yeare 830 they were totally subdued and their name and memory quite rooted out their countrey hauing beene since added to the accompt and name of Scotland Their language most probably was the British Beda maketh it distinct herefrom and one of the fower generall of the Iland But whom the more iudicious interpret not of languages but of Dialects That the Dialect and many words hereof should in Beda his time be much different from those of the Cornish or Welsh Britons their long disvnion through the comming betwixt of the Northumbrian Saxons and the ancient subiection and commerce of the other with the Romans must necessarily enforce Their government was vnder Kings Their order and succession we finde not Their last was Druskenus slaine with the extirpation of the whole Nation by Kenneth and the Scots THE SCOTS THE Scots after Giraldus Cambrensis were a Colony of the neighbouring Irish. Orosius liuing in the raigne of the Emperour Honorius calleth the many people in his time inhabiting Ireland by the generall name of the Scots The like doth Beda in the first booke of his Ecclesiasticall story of the English and first Chapter Eginhartus in his life of the Emperour Charles the Great nameth Ireland an Iland of the Scots Isidore more plainly maketh Ireland and Scotland onely to be two different names of one and the same Iland distinct from Britaine Gildas more to our purpose tearmeth the Scots then inhabiting Britaine and infesting the Natiues with their dayly forragings Irish grassatores or free-booters That the Scots originally were Irish besides these authorities the present language habit and barbarous manners of the High-landers or Westerne Scots agreeing with the present Irish doe plainly demonstrate The Scots in Ireland Ptolemy and the auncient Geographers mention not The name doubtlesse was new affected vpon some accident which we know not giuen vnto or taken vp by the Irish towards the waine of the Romane Empire in that manner as were about the same times those of the Picts Almans French Sclaues with others by the Britons Germans Sarmatians leauing their former old names and vniting into these common Concerning the Etymologie hereof learned Camden after much search professeth himselfe to be ignorant Porphyrius is the first of ancient Authours in whom we finde the Scots mentioned liuing in the time of the Emperour Aurelian and as he is cited vpon an other occasion by S. Hierome in his Tract against the Pelagians ad Ctesiphontem In auncient and approued Histories we first reade of them with the Picts with whom they are still joyned in the raignes of the Emperours Constantius the second Honorius and the first and third Valentinians Their mention after this is common vnto this present The time of their first plantation in Britaine is vncertaine In the 20 26 and 27 bookes of Ammianus Marcellinus wee heare of them ransacking and spoyling the Roman Province but from what parts my Authour setteth not downe whether from Caledonia and the Northerne parts of Britaine or rather from Ireland which is more probable Claudian in his second booke de laudibus Stiliconis relateth of them attempting vpon the Continent hereof from Ireland and stopped and driuen home by Stilico where also hee accompteth them amongst the neighbouring Nations infesting Britaine which maketh it almost manifest that in the beginning of the raigne of Honorius vnder whom Stilico then serued they had not yet arriued here or set firme footing Shortly afterward notwithstanding before the intrusion of the Saxons we find them in Beda with the Picts possessing the Northerne part of Britaine invading from hence the Province and the Britons being vnable to withstand them twice ouercome and beaten off by fresh Roman supplies sent from Honorius and Valentinian the third From these proofes wee strongly conjecture their first descent hither and fixed dwelling to haue hapned towards the latter end of the raigne of the Emperour Honorius The part here they first tooke vp was the Westerne moity of Caledonia formerly inhabited by the Picts bounding vpon the East with this Nation and vpon the South with the Roman Province from the which they were diuided by the Glota now the Frith of Dunbriton which they held without any sensible addition till after the time of Beda After the yeare 794 and the decease of King Ethelred before mentioned through the advantage of a long ciuill dissention amongst the Saxons of Northumberland of the Danish wars which together hapned they got seazed of the parts lying betwixt the Friths of Solway Dunbriton belonging aunciently to the Northumbrian kingdome of Bernicia They contained by that time the present Countries of Carict Galloway Cantire Argile Braid-Albin Lorn Rosse with others or the whole Westerne part of the present Scotland from Solway Frith coasting Northwards along the Irish Ocean King Kenneth the second about the yeare 830 the Picts being subdued enlarged the Dominion hereof and the name and accompt of Scotland Eastward vnto the German Ocean extended by this meanes ouer the whole Northerne part of the Iland and seuered from England by the Frith of Solway and the River Tweede the more certaine bounds euer after betwixt the two kingdomes Malcolme the first about the yeare 946 added Cumberland and Westmoreland parts of England to the Dominion of the Scottish Kings by the gift of Edmund King of England to bee held vnder the fief of the English Monarches recouered by Henry the second and incorporated with the English Crowne Their government was Monarchicall yet where more aunciently not alwayes the next of bloud but the ripest in yeares and the most fit to rule of the kingly Race succeeded Kenneth the third succeeding about the yeare 976 by the consent of the States made the Kingdome first haereditary and to descend vnto the next ofkin confirmed by his son Malcolme the second and continued vnto our times Their first King after the Scottish Historians was Fergusius the son of Ferchard an Irish Scot chosen by the Nation shortly after their arrivall in Britaine about the yeare 330 before Christs Incarnation succeeded vnto by Ferithariâ— Mainus Dornadilla Nothatus Reutherus Reutha Thereus Iosina Finnanus Durstus Evenus the first Gillus Evenus the second Ederus Evenus the third
ominous cast off by a decree of the states vnluckie to the Scottish French and English Monarchs son to Robert the second Iames the first son to Iohn or Robert the third murthered in his bed at Perth by Walter Earle of Athol Iames the second sonne to Iames the first slaine at the siege of the Castle of Rosburg against the English Iames the third son to Iames the second slaine in battaill against his seditious and rebellious subjects neere the towne of Sterling Iames the fourth son to Iames the third He married the Lady Margaret eldest daughter to Henry the seaventh king of England He was slaine at the field of Floddon by Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey and the English Iames the fift son to Iames the fourth and Margaret daughter to king Henry the seaventh He deceased without male issue Mary daughter to Iames the fift Iames of happy memory son to Henry Stewart Lord Darly and Mary Queene of Scotland The famous and victorious Queene Elizabeth in the yeare 1602 deceasing vnmarryed the last descended from the male issue of Henry the seaventh and Elizabeth he succeeded in the English dominions descended from Lady Margaret aforesaid the right and vndoubted heire of the three princely houses of the Saxon Scottish and Norman Kings and the first sole Monarke of Great Britaine Ireland and the neighbouring Ilands Charles king of great Britaine France and Ireland son to Iames of happy memory whom God long preserue THE ENGLISH THey were a German people mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy contayning part of the great and populous nation of the Suevi Ptolemy placeth them in this time about the middle of that vast continent and the riuer Albis with which riuer they were bounded vpon the North having towards the West the people of the Longobards They inhabited then most probably according to his discription the parts where now lie the Bishopricke of Hall and the Higher Saxony about Wittenberg Their interpretations seeme absurd who in regard of the affinity of the names would haue them seated about Engerne in Westphalen or Angloen in Pomerania places farre distant from the river Elb or the heart of Germany Afterwards towards the waine of the Romane Empire they flitted to the German Ocean more Westwards Beda before their invasion of this Iland placed them there betwixt the Iutes lying vpon the North of them and the Saxons vpon the South Ethelwerd an auncient Authour liuing not long after Beda more distinctly maketh Sleswiick then to be their chiefe citie situated in the Cimbrian Chersonese betwixt the two nations now mentioned The name of Angelen in the present Dukedome of Schleswiick together with these authorities manifestly proue that to haue beene their country in Dutchland immediatly before their English arriuall THE IVTES THe Iutes doubtles were the Gutae of Ptolemy inhabiting the Southerne part of Scandia which he mistaketh to be an Iland and attributeth vnto Germany In the declining age of the Westerne Empire the exact time we finde not sayling ouer the Bay Codanus or the Straights of the Sundt they flitted into the neighbouring Cimbrian Chersonese subdued or made viode which is the more likely vpon the departure of the Cimbri and other Dutch people drawing more Southwards towards the Romane frontier vniting into the common names of Saxons French or Almans Beda placeth them in this Chersonese vpon the North of the English or of Sleswiick their chiefe towne Their memorie is here yet preserued in the name of Iutlandt the part of the Chersonese or of Denmarke lying vpon the North of the Dukedome of Schleswiick THE SAXONS OF this nation we haue spoken more fully in the relation of Germany They were likewise a Dutch people mentioned by Ptolemy inhabiting then the necke of the Cimbrian Chersonese now Holstein Afterwards passing the riuer Elbe and sundry other German names joyning into this common they spread Southwards as farre as the French These conquering and remouing into Gaule they enlarged vnto the right shore of the riuer Rhijn By the raigne of the Emperour Charles the great they extended along the German Ocean from the river Eydore deviding them from the Danes vnto the Rhijn from the fall of that river vpwards as high as Colen parting them from the French These three German nations since their affaire with the Britons are onely by Beda thus particularly named and distinguished By Ammianus Marcellinus Gildas and other Authours before his time the Dutch infesting Britaine are all called by one generall name of the Saxons After Beda and the more ancient English historians they are sometimes named the English by others the Saxons and English-Saxons That they were the different parts of one generall Dutch name or people it is by all agreed In the yeare 449 according to Beda if his accompt be right Valentinian the third and Theodosius the second then governing the Roman Empire after long pyracies vpon the sea-coasts hereof they first to any any purpose enter and inhabit Britaine called in by Vortigerne and the Britons to their aide against the Scots and Picts and vnder Hengist and Horsa their Captaines planted in the Iland of Thanet in Kent given vnto them by Vortigerne The Scots Picts being vanquished and overthrowne through their valour neere Stamford after Henry of Huntingdon and the weakenesse of the Ilanders discouered new supplies from Germany are sent for by Hengist with his faire daughter Rowena marryed shortly after to the lustfull prince Vortigerne bewitched with her beauty by whom for his consent and more firme friendship with the Saxons Kent is allotted to Hengist about the yeare 455 by him erected into a kingdome the first dominion of the Saxons in Britaine This forreine friendship and alliance with the daily intrusion of the Dutch growing suspected by the Britons Vortigerne deposed and Vortimer his son by a former wife elected king hot warres ensue betwixt the two nations continued with deadly hate furie for many hundred yeares betwixt them whose effect was the finall expulsion of the Britons beyond the Severne amongst the Welsh Mountaines which happened by the raigne of their King Caereticus about the yeare 586 and the conquest of the plaine and Easterne countrey by the Saxons with fresh companies continually invading the Iland vpon occasion of those warres or allured with the happy successe of those first adventurers and beginning sundry small kingdomes in the parts where they arrived or tooke vp to inhabite whereof some one notwithstanding still bore a sway over the rest whose King was accōpted soveraigne or Monarch the kingdomes of Kent the South-Saxons East-Saxons East-Angles Northumberland Mercia and of the West-Saxons whose originall continuance and fortunes vntill their vnion into the kingdome of the West-Saxons name of England come next in place THE KINGDOME OF THE KENTISH SAXONS THis contained onely Kent It was begunne by Hengist aforesaid the first Saxon Captaine that invaded Britaine vnto whom the countrey was
Egbert and through their owne intestine broyles and in the yeare 819 by the decree of Egbert at an assembly of the states at VVinchester joyned into one entire state or common name of England continued through many successions of princes vnto our times The order of the kings of the VVest-Saxons followeth vntill the Heptarchy determined and the vnion and name of England Cerdic before mentioned the first king of the West-Saxons about the yeare 502 and 43 yeares after the first arrivall of Hengist After Ella of the South-Saxons he attayned to the chiefe rule or soueraignety amongst the Saxon princes the third Monarch of the English continued in his successours for two descents Kenrik king of the West-Saxons and Monarch or chiefe king of the English son to Cerdic Cheulin king of the West-Saxons chiefe king or Monarch of the English son to Kenrik After sundry conquests and great victories against the Britons and Kentish Saxons he was lastly ouerthrowne and driuen out by a joynt warre of the Welsh and his seditious subjects discontented with his insolent government drawne on through the treason and ambition of his nephew Cealic Cealic king of the West-Saxons son to Cuthwolf brother to Cheulin and son to Kenric He lost the Monarchy or chiefe rule of the English vnto Ethelbert king of the Kentish men Chelwolf king of the VVest-Saxons son to Cuth brother to Cheulin Kingils son to Chel brother to Chelwolfe king of the VVest-Saxons succeeding in the yeare 612. He first of the VVest-Saxon princes embraced the Christian Religion won to the faith by the preaching of Berinus an Italian the first Bishop of Dorchester in Oxfordshire and through the holy zeale and endeavours of Oswald king of Northumberland He tooke for his companion in the government his son Quincheline who deceased before him Kenwald king of the VVest-Saxons son to Kengils he founded the rich abbey of Malmesburie and the great Church of VVinchester He deceasing without issue his wife Segburg a manly woman for a time mannaged the affaires of the kingdome succeeded vnto by Eskwin Eskwin king of the VVest-Saxons descended from Cerdic Kenwin king of the VVest-Saxons brother to Kenwald and son to Kingils He much enlarged the kingdome of the VVest-Saxons vpon the Bordering Britons or VVelsh Ceadwalla king of the VVest-Saxons descended from Kenric He slew in fight Edilwalch the last king of the South-Saxons After much cruelty and outrage committed against the neighbouring South and Kentish-Saxons to expiate his sinnes following the manner of those superstitious times he departed on holy pilgrimage to Rome baptized there by Sergius Bishop of that sea where shortly after he dyed Ina king of the West-Saxons descended from Cheulin He annexed to his dominions the Countrie of the South-Saxons and founded the Colledge of Wels and the great Monastery of Glastenbury Ambitious of the honour of his predecessour hee went to Rome and put on the habit of religion deceasing in a private fortune hauing first subjected his kingdome to the payment of Peter-pence to that sea Ethelard king of the West-Saxons descended from Cheulin Cuthred king of the West-Saxons brother to Ethelard About this time after Beda the dead corps of the deceased begun first to bee enterred within townes and cities formerly after the manner of the Turkes at this day buried in the fields Sigebert of vnknowne parentage king of the West-Saxons driven out by his seditious subjects pretending his tyrannie and many vices Kenwulf king of the West-Saxons descended from Cerdic He was slaine by Kineard brother to Sigebert Brithric descended from Cerdic king of the West-Saxons succeeding in the yeare 784. In the time hereof and yeare 787 the Danes first arriue and discover the Westerne coasts of the Iland followed with greater forces in the raigne of Egbert and the succeeding English Monarches He was poysoned by his Queene Ethelburga daughter to Offa the great king of the Mercians In regard of this treason the wiues of the succeeding West-Saxon Monarches were by law afterwards excluded from all state place and title of princes Egbert king of the VVest-Saxons descended from Cheulin and succeeding in the yeare 800. He subdued the Cornish Britons and the Kentish and East-Saxons with those of Mercia East-England and Northumberland Of these Kent and the East-Saxons with the Cornish Britons he immediatly incorporated with his kingdome of the West-Saxons The rest which were Northumberland with the East-Angles and Mercians he commaunded by his substitutes or Vice-royes All notwithstanding he vnited into one entire Monarchie which he named of England from the Angli or English of whom himselfe was descended or in regard of the greater extent of that people contayning after Beda the Mercians Northumbrians and Mercians or some two thirds of the whole Dutch Nation whereof he was Crowned king in the yeare 819 some 370 yeares after the arrivall of Hengist In this sort the Heptarchy extinguished the whole Southerne part of the Iland tooke the name of England Wales the Britons of Cumberland excepted whose fortunes vntill the returne hereof into the vnion of Britaine vnder Lames out late Soveraigne of happy memory remaine in the next place to bee related THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND THis was begun by Egbert aforesaid The manner and yeare wee haue even now shewed It was bounded more aunciently with the German Ocean vpon the East vpon the South with the English channell from France vpon the West with the Welsh and Britons of Cumberland with part of the Westerne or Irish Ocean from Ireland and vpon the North with the river Tweede from the Picts or Scotland King William surnamed the Conquerour added Cumberland and VVestmoreland parts of the auncient kingdome of the Cumbri wrested from the Scots His son Rufus and the succeeding princes of the Norman bloud added VVales By the raigne of king Edward the first VVales then being totally subdued the accompt and name of England enlarged ouer all the part of the Iland lying vpon the South of the river Tweede and Solway Frith the present extent of the kingdome It hath suffered sundry changes since this its first name and erection being twise conquered by forreine power and made subject to three different successions of Monarches 1 Of the race of the VVest-Saxons 2. Of the Danes 3 and of the Normans THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND VNDER THE VVEST-SAXONS THe Kings of England follow of the house of the West-Saxons and vntill the Danish subiection Egbert king of the West-Saxons the Heptarchy destroyed crowned king of England at a Parliament of the states held at Winchester in the yeare 819. In the raigne of this prince the Danes begin their fierce invasions of the English continued with variable successe during the whole time of Englands Monarches of the race of the West-Saxons and vntill the yeare 1016 and conquest of the whole by Canutus He deceased in the yeare 836. Ethelwolf and Athelstan sons to Egbert succeeding to their father in the kingdome of England and the Danish warres Of these
to hospitality Townes are Lemster vpon the river Lug commended for wools the best of the kingdome Brameyard in a bottome vpon the riuer Frome Ledbury vnder Malverne hils vpon the Ledden Hereford in a plaine vpon the Wye a Bishops See and the chiefe towne raised as it is thought out of the ashes and named thus from Ariconium of Antoninus whose ruines are yet seene where are Kenchester wals distant about three miles Westward from the city The Cathedrall Church is dedicated to S. Ethelbert a king of the East-Angles murthered at Sutton vpon the Lug the Court then of Offa king of the Mercians thorough the ambition and treason of Quendreda Queene to Offa honoured afterwards as a Sainct and Martyr Rosse vpon the same riuer The Old Town a small village vpon the Munow Blestium of Antoninus The auncient inhabitants were the Silyres of Ptolemy or the Silures of Antoninus It containeth 8 market townes 11 hundreds and 176 parishes These 23 Shires inclusiuely from Glocestershire seeme to haue contained more aunciently the Roman Province named Flavia Caesariensis by Rufus Festus and the Notitia with part of Britannia secunda of the same Authours divided amongst 6 more great and potent British people the Dobuni Cattieuchlani Trinobantes Iceni Coritani and Cornavij of Ptolemy and others with part of the Silures and Ordovices During the Saxons Heptarchy they comprehended the three kingdomes 1 of the East-Saxons 2 the East Angles 3 and the Mercians They make now the 2 Quart or division formerly mentioned extended about 160 English miles in length betwixt East and West and in breadth betwixt North and South some 130 of the same miles and bounded vpon the East with the German Ocean and from the rest of England vpon the South with the riuer Thames and the Avon by Bristoll vpon the North with Humber and the riuer Mersee and vpon the West with Offaes Ditch and part of the Wye from Wales MONMOVTH-SHIRE BOunded vpon the North with the riuer Munow from Herefordshire vpon the East with the Wye from Glocestershire vpon the South with the Sea of Severne and vpon the West with the Remney from Glamorganshire The parts towards the East and Wye are graffie and full of woods those toward the West stony and somewhat mountainous the Sea-coasts where the Vske falleth into the Severne low moorish and subject to invndations Places of more note are Munmouth at the confluence of the Wye and Munow the chiefe towne honoured with the birth of Henry the fift the glorious Conquerour of France Chepstow vpon the Wye neere vnto the fall thereof into the Severne Westwards from hence is seene Caer Went the carkase of an old Roman city named Venta of the Silures by Antoninus Aber-gevenny or Aber-genny Gobannium of Antoninus at the meetings of the Gevenye and the Vske Vske named thus from the riuer Burrium of Antoninus Caer-Leon vpon the same riuer of Vske Isca Silurum of Antoninus the Mansion of the second Romane Legion surnamed Augusta Newport vpon the same riuer neerer to the Severne The inhabitants are part of the Silyres of Ptolemy the Silures of Tacitus It is divided into 6 Hundreds wherein are contained 6 Market townes and 127 parishes It is not accompted amongst the Welsh shires GLAMORGAN-SHIRE BOunded vpon the East with the river Remneye from Monmouthshire vpon the South with the Sea of Severne vpon the West with the Loghor from Caermarthenshire and vpon the North with Brecknockeshire The North and more inland parts are mountainous hilly the Sea-coasts more plaine fruitful populous and well replenished with townes These of better note are Landaff vpon the riuer Taff a Bishops See Caerdif vpon the same river the chiefe towne Cowbridge Not far from hence vpon the sea-coast is Boverton Bovium of Antoninus Neath vpon the riuer so called Nidum of Antoninus Swansey or Aber-taw at the mouth of the riuer Taw in Gower the part of this country betwixt the rivers Neath and Loghor Further to the West standeth Loghar vpon the riuer thus named Leucarum of Antoninus The inhabitants are the Silures of Tacitus Here are contained 6 Market townes 10 Hundreds and 118 parishes BRECKNOCK-SHIRE BOunded vpon the East with Herefordshire vpon the South with Monmouthshire and Glamorganshire vpon the West with Caermarthen-shire and vpon the North with the riuer of Wye from Radnorshire The countrey is mountainous in the valleyes not vnfruitfull Places of more note are Brecknocke vpon the riuer Vske the chiefe towne Vpon the VVye Buelth Bulleum of Antoninus naming the bordering mountainous region Hay vpon the same riuer The inhabitants are part of the Silures of Tacitus The Shire contayneth 6 Hundreds 3 Market townes and 61 parishes RADNOR-SHIRE BOunded vpon the North with Mongomerieshire vpon the East with Hereford-shire vpon the South with the riuer Wye from Brecknock-shire and vpon the VVest with Cardiganshire The parts towards Cardiganshire the VVest are altogether taken vp with rocky asperous desert mountaines strong refuges of Outlawes and of Vortigerne king of the Britons pursued by the all conquering English and the feare and hate of his owne subiects Those to the South and East are lesse vnfruitfull and better inhabited Townes here are New-Radnor the chiefe towne distinguished thus from the Old not vnprobably Magni of Antoninus and Magi of the Notitia the station of a foote company of the Pacenses Prestaine vpon the riuer Lug. Knighton The inhabitants are part of the Silures It contayneth 6 Hundreds 4. Market-townes and onely 52 Parishes CARMARDEN-SHIRE BOunded vpon the North with the riuer Tyvi from Cardiganshire vpon the East with Brecknockshire and the riuer Loghor from Glamorganshire vpon the South with the Sea of Severne vpon the VVest with Penbrokeshire The country is hilly the soile not vnfruitfull Townes here are Caermarden vpon the riuer Tovy the chiefe towne Maridunum of Ptolemy Higher vpon the top of a hill vnder which runneth the Tovy standeth Dineuour-castle the seate sometimes of the princes of South-wales New-castle vpon the Tyui and the edge of Cardiganshire coniecturally Louentinum of Ptolemy Kidwelly vpon the Ocean The inhabitants are part of the Demetae of Ptolemy The whole contayneth 6 Market-towne 6 Hundreds 87 Parishes PENBROKE-SHIRE BOunded vpon the East with Caermardenshire vpon the North with the riuer Tyvi from Cardiganshire and vpon the other sides encompassed with the Ocean The countrey is lesse hilly the soile fruitfull cut and deuided in the middle with the riuers Cledhydhy and Cledhewen Milford haven whereinto these are disburdened distinguished into sundry creekes bayes roades for ships the most safe and spacious harbour of the kingdome Vpon the VVest of the bay lyeth a Promontorie or Chersonese named Ros by the Britons and otherwise from the speech litle England beyond VVales inhabited by a colony of the Dutch or Flemmings planted here by king Henrie the first
an industrious stout and valiant people exercised in continuall armes against the neighbouring VVelsh alwayes most faithfull loyall to the English retayning yet their language Townes here are Tenby seated vpon a rocke ouerlooking the Ocean a walled towne a neate well traded empory Penbroke vpon a creeke of Milford haven the chief towne Harford-west vpon the Cledhewen or the more Westerne Gledawh in Ros or litle England beyond Wales Beyond vpon a bleeke and open Promontorie the Promontorie of the Octopitae of Ptolemie S t Davids more aunciently called Menew by the Welsh a Bishops See brought hither from Caer Leon in the raigne of king Arthur by S t David since naming the place Fishgard or Abergwain of the Welsh in the Baronny of Keimes and at the mouth of the riuer Gwain New-port vpon the Neuern Kilgarran vpon the Tyvi and the edge of Cardiganshire The inhabitants are part of the Demetae of Ptolemy It contayneth 5 Market-townes 7 Hundreds 145 Parishes CARDIGAN-SHIRE BOunded vpon the East with Radnorshire vpon the South with the riuer Tyvi from Penbrokeshire vpon the West with the Irish Ocean and vpon the North with Mongomery-shire and Merionith-shire The countrie is plaine towards the Ocean the riuer Tyvi towards the East and North hilly and mountainous In the borders betwixt this and Montgomerieshire riseth the great hill Plinlimon whence issue out the riuers Wye and Severne Townes here are vpon the Tyvi Tregaron Llan-Beder Cardigan or Aber-tyvi of the Welsh neere vnto the fall of the riuer Tyvi the chiefe towne Aber-y-stwith at the mouth of the riuers Y-stwith Ridol descending from the mountaine Plinlimon The inhabitants are the Demetae of Ptolemy It contayneth 4 Market-townes 5 Hundreds 64 Parishes MONT-GOMERY-SHIRE BOunded vpon the South with Radnorshire the mountaine Plinlimon from Cardiganshire vpon the East with Shropshire vpon the North with Denbighshire and vpon the West with Merionith-shire The countrie is mountainous the soile fruitfull in the bottomes In the West hereof out of the great mountaine Plimlimon ariseth the Severne Townes of more note are Machleneth not vnprobably Maglona of the Notitia the station of a foote company of the Solenses Llan-Vethlin probably Mediolanium of Ptolemy and Antoninus Vpon the Severne Llanidlos neere vnto the head of the riuer Tre-newith or the New-towne Trellin or the Welsh-poole Betwixt this and Llan-vethlin is Mathraval sometimes the seate of the Princes of Powis Vpon the hither side of the riuer Montgomery the chiefe towne founded by Bauldwin Warden of the Marches in the raigne of the Conquerour and afterwards named thus from Roger of Montgomerie Earle of Shrewesburie in the same raigne whose it was The inhabitants are part of the Orduices of Ptolemy Ordovices of Tacitus The Shire retayneth yet amongst the Welsh the accompt name of Powys devided into 7 Hundreds contayning 6 Market townes 47 Parishes MERIONITH-SHIRE BOunded vpon the West with the Irish Ocean vpon the South with the riuer Dovy from Cardiganshire vpon the East with Montgomery-shire and vpon the North with Caernarvon-shire The countrey is wholy ouergrowne with thicke asperous high mountaines affording good pasturage for sheepe beeues but litle corne steepe rocky and vnapt for tillage The townes are few and those verie meane Places of more note are Harlech a strong castle mounted vpon a steepe rocke nere to the Ocean the place of Assises and the chiefe Market of the Mountainers Dolegethel in a valley vpon the riuer Avon Bala at what place the Dee issueth out of Lhin-tegid or Pimble-meare The inhabitants are part of the Ordovices of Tacitus It containeth 6 Hundreds devided amongst 37 Parishes CAERNARVON-SHIRE BOunded vpon the South with Merionith-shire vpon the East with the Conwey from Denbigh-shire and vpon the North West with the Ocean and the Menai an arme of the Irish seas from Anglesey The Sea-coasts are more plaine populous fruitfull for corne more especially the great Promontorie named Langanum by Ptolemy and now Lhein by the Welsh The inland swelleth with precipitious high and inaccessable mountaines the greatest whereof is Snowdon in the middle ouertopping the rest good pasturages strong shelters sometimes of the Welsh ouermatched with the greater power of the English Chiefer townes are Pullhelie vpon the Ocean and the Promontorie now mentioned Newin vpon the further side of the Promontorie Caernarvon the best towne seated vpon the Menai founded by king Edward the first Close by where is Caer Seont stood Segoncium of Antoninus Bangor vpon the same branch of the Ocean a Bishops See Aber-Conwey at the mouth of the riuer Conwey built by Edward the first Further vp where is Caer-hean a small village vpon the Conwey stood Conouium of Antoninus The inhabitants are the Ordovices of Tacitus The Shire containeth 5 Market-townes 68 Parishes ANGLESEY IT is an iland Mona of Tacitus the seate of the British Druides encompassed vpon three sides with the Irish-Ocean and by the Menai deuided from Caernaruonshire and the Continent of England The countrey seemeth dry stonie yet the soile is most fruitfull the mother of Wales in Giraldus Cambrensis extended some 20 miles in length betwixt East West and about 17 in breadth Townes of more note are Beau-marish in a flat vpon the Menai the chiefe towne founded by king Edward the first Newburg More Westward vpon the Ocean is Aber-fraw the royall seate sometimes of the kings of Guynedh or North-wales and Holy Head or Caer Guby of the VVelsh the religious recesse of S t Guby or Kibius a scholler of S t Hilary Bishop of Poictou a noted Promontorie passage into Ireland The inhabitants are part of the Ordovices of Tacitus It contayneth onely 2 Market townes 6 Hundreds 74 parishes DENBIGHSHIRE BOunded vpon the West with the riuer Conwey from Caernarvonshire vpon the South with Merionithshire and Mont-gomery-shire vpon the East with Shropshire and the riuer Dee from Cheshire and vpon the North with Flint-shire and the Irish Ocean The West is cold hungrie mountainous ill inhabited as likewise are Chirke and Yale towards the East and South In the middle for 17 miles in length and about 5 in breadth where lyeth Strat Cluid or the valley of the riuer Cluid the countrey is pleasant sweete healthy and most fruitfull The like affected is Bromfeld vpon the Dee towards Cheshire amongst other profits rich in mines of lead Places of better note are Denbigh the chiefe towne In Strat-Cluid Ruthin vpon the riuer Cluid In Bromfeld Wrexham Holt Castle vpon the riuer Dee and the edge of Cheshire The inhabitants are the Ordovices of Tacitus The whole contayneth 3 Market townes 12 Hundreds 57 parishes FLINT-SHIRE BOunded vpon the South aud West with Denbighshire vpon the East with Cheshire and vpon the North with the mouth of the riuer Dee The countrey is somewhat â—illy but no where mountainous
warres or more honourable and gainefull conquests Towards the waine of the Romans Empire they are named the Scots the occasion or reason hereof we finde not subduing the neighbouring Picts and Caledonians and giuing the name of Scotland to the Northern part of the Brittish Continent Leauing there this new affected name they lastly resume and returne here vnto their first and more wonted name of Irish. Their gouerment anciently was vnder many petty kings or tyrants In the raigne of king Henry the second occasioned through the quarrels hereof they are first made subiect to the English whose princes were stiled Lords of Ireland King Henry the eight by the good likeing of the natiues first assumed the title of King continued euer since in his successours More lately they were distinguished into the Irish and the English Pales or the Wild and Civill Irish whereof these obeyed the English lawes the other were let loose to their barbarous customes and liuing The happy successe of the last warres against Tir-oën and the wisdome and zeale of King Iames of happy memory put an end to this diuision the country being now every where planted with ciuill inhabitants and the whole reduced to an English Province The lawes whereby the people are governed are their Acts of Parliament and the Municipall or Common Lawes of England executed by the Lord Deputy or Vice-roy for the king Presidents Iudges Sheriffs other English names of Magistrates Their Religion which only is allowed is the Reformed or Protestant yet where the pretended Catholique or Roman doth more prevaile amongst the vulgar through their discontent or an inbred and rooted superstition Their Cleargie are Archbishops Bishops and Inferiour rankes whose Primate is Armagh and first Apostle S. Patricius or Patrick in the yeare 432 and the raigne of the Emperour Valentinian the third a Scot or Irishman after my author nephew to S. Martin Bishop of Tours and Disciple to S. German The Religious of this nation Monkes of an ancient institution haue been no lesse deseruing then their neighbours of Great Brittaine chast and holy Seminaries of pietie and religion during the Primitiue times of the English French and Dutch Churches but who passing vnder the generall name of the Scots for both then were thus called are oftentimes mistaken by their readers for the Scots of the Continent The country is divided into 5 greater names or Provinces petty kingdomes sometimes of the Irish Vlster Leinster Meth. Conaght Mounster VLSTER BOunded vpon the East North and West with the Ocean and vpon the South with Leinster Meth and Conaght The country is large the soil good deepe pasturages but otherwise vntill the English last plantation lesse fruitfull through the sloathfulnesse of the wild natiues overgrowne with vast and thicke woods bogs lakes and marishes Chiefe townes are Knocfergus in Antrim within a spacious bay Vinderius of Ptolemie a garrison towne and a commodious Port neere to Cantire and Scotland Vpon the same Easterne shore and in Louth Carlingford Dundalk Tredah at the mouth of the riuer Boine a faire and populous towne the next to Leinster Within Armagh neere to the river Kalin an Archbishops sea the Primate of the kingdome The Province containeth ten shires or counties Louth Cavon Fermanagh encompassing the great Lake Erne Monaghan Armagh Down Antrim Colran Tir-oen and Tir conell or Donegall The ancient inhabitants were the Darnij Voluntij Robognij and Erdini of Ptolemy LEINSTER EXtended along the Irish Ocean from Tredah Vlster and the river Boine vnto the Neure and Mounster vpon the South and bounded towards the West with Meth and the riuer Shaâ—on from Canaght The soile is fruitfull better manured and lesse encombred with woods the inhabitants more civill descended for a great part from the English and conforming to their habit and custome of living Chiefe townes are Dublin Eblana of Ptolemie vpon the Ocean at the fall of the river Liff Libnius of Ptolemy an Archbishops sea and the seat of the Lord Deputy or Viceroy of the kingdome rich strong populous and beautified with faire buildings Without standeth a College consecrated to the Muses and the name of the holy Trinitie a small Vniversitie founded by Queene Elizabeth of happy memory Weisford Menapia of Ptolemie at the mouth of the Slane the river Modona of the same author the first place in Ireland subdued by the English and peopled with their Colonies Within the land Kildare a Bishops sea Kilkenny vpon the river Neure the best towne of all the inland parts The whole containeth 7 divisions or shires Dublin Weisford Kildare Kings-Countie Queenes countie or the Lease Caterlogh and Kilkenny The ancient inhabitants were the Menapij Cauci Blanij and Brigantes of Ptolemy METH SEated in the middle of the Iland betwixt Leinster Conaught and Vlster It containeth East-Meth West-Meth and the countie of Longford Towns here are Trim in East-Meth vpon the river Boyne and Molingar in West-Meth The ancient inhabitants were part of the Blanij of Ptolemy CONAGHT BOunded vpon the West with the Irish Ocean vpon the North with Vlster and vpon the East and South with Meth Leinster and Mounster by the great river Shanon Senus of Ptolemie arising out of the mountaines of Letrim and after a long course hauing made sundry great lakes by the way falling into the Westerne Ocean some 60 miles below Limerick In the North hereof rise Curlew Mountaines fatall to the English by their slaughter and overthrow during the late Irish warres It containeth 6 shires or Counties Letrim Roscoman Slego Maio Galway and Twomund The chiefe towne and the third citty of the kingdome is Galway a Bishops sea a faire rich and well frequented Port neere vnto the fall of the great lake or river Corbes into the Westerne Ocean The ancient inhabitants were the Gangani Auteri and Nagnatae of Ptolemie MOVNSTER BOunded vpon the South-East and West with the Ocean and vpon the North with Leinster and the river Shanon from Conaght divided amongst 6 Counties Limerick Tipperarie Corck Waterford Desmond and Kerry Chiefe townes are Limerick in an Iland encompassed with the riuer Shanon a Bishops sea and a well traded Empory Waterford a rich Port and the second citty of the kingdome vpon the river Suire Corck a Bishops sea Kinsale a walled towne and a commodious Port at the mouth of the river Bany The ancient inhabitants were the Velibori Vodiae Vterni and Coriondi of Ptolemie Other more noted Ilands of Great Brittaine are 1 those of Orkney 2 those of Schetland lying in 63 degrees of Latitude 3 the Westerne Ilands belonging to the Crowne of Scotland 5 Subject to the English Crowne Man 6 Those of Silly 7 Wight and Holy Iland c. THE FIFTH BOOKE COntayning the present bounds situation and quality of Spaine The Inhabitants Their manners languages and religion The institution power and courts of their Inquisition The number and order of their Bishops The Religious del
enjoyed both kingdomes of Castille and Leon wherevnto he added that of Toledo since incorporated with the kingdome of Castille and in regard thereof now called Castillia la Nueva injuriously taken from his late hostes the Moores thereof with whom not long before during his exile hee had beene friendly entertayned In the raigne and by the favour advancement hereof in the person of Henry of Lorraine a Frenchman began the Earledome of Portugall made afterwards a kingdome by Alfonsus son to Henry He deceased in the yeare 1109 Vrraca daughter to Alfonsus the sixt succeeding in both kingdomes Alfonsus the seaventh son to Vrraca the mother resigning He was likewise king of both Ferdinand the second younger son to Alfonsus the seauenth His elder brother Sanctius the second had for his share the kingdome of Castille Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon son to Ferdinand the second Hee marryed vnto Berengaria sister to Henry the first king of Castille Ferdinand the third son to Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon and Berengaria sister to Henry the first king of Castille in whom those two kingdomes of Castille Leon were lastly vnited neuer afterwards disjoyned THE KINGDOME OF CASTILLE THe estate name was first occasioned begun amongst the Vaccaei by certaine honourable gentlemen of the kingdome of Leon liuing vnder the commaund and authority of the princes hereof and by the name title of Earles defending then enlarging those the Marches of that kingdome against the neighbouring Infidell Moores from the great number of Castles fortresses their erected as vsually hapneth in all frontire places called afterwards by the name of Castille What were the names of those first Earles at what time and by whom they were instituted in what parts they seuerally commaunded for many lived together or in what maner whether as free princes vnder the fief homage of the kings of Leon or rather onely as their deputies or prefects we finde not By the time of Ordonius the second this name accompt was extended over the whole country of the Vaccaei contayning now the greatest part of old Castille devided then from the Moores by the Mountaines of Segovia and Avila In the raigne of Froila the second incensed with the late murther of the Earles hereof by Ordoninus the second the countrie first shoke off the yoake of Leon and became a free gouernment commaunded first by Iudges afterwards by Earles By Sanctius the Great king of Navarra in the person of his younger son Ferdinand the first it was erected into a kingdome King Ferdinand the first added vnto the accompt and name of Castille part of the country of Navarra lying beyond Monte D'oca He also vnited in the right of the princes hereof the kingdome of Leon afterwards for some time againe devided therefrom Alfonsus the sixt added the kingdome of Toledo now Castillia la Nueva Iohn the first the countries of Biscaia Guipuscoa Ferdinand the third Andaluzia Murcia Ferdinand the fift of late yeares and in the memory of our ancestours Navarra Granado to omit sundry other petty enlargements By so many additions the kingdome of Castile together with Leon incorporated with it extendeth at this day ouer thirteene great Provinces of Galitia Asturia Biscaia Olava Guipuscoa Leon Castillia la Veia Castillia la Nueva Murcia Andaluzia Extremadura Granado and Navarra containing now some two third parts of the Continent of Spaine the largest and the most noble of the three kingdomes hereof The first Earles vnder the subiection of the kings of Leon whereof we finde any mention for the greatest part of them are not remembred were Roderique liuing in the time of Alfonsus the second surnamed the Chast. Iames surnamed Porcellus son to Roderique in the raigne of Alfonsus the third Nunnius Ferdinandus with the rest of the Earles slaine by King Ordonius the second After the murther of the first Earles and the revolt of the country from vnder the government of Leon succeeded Nunnius Rasura and Lainus Calvus chosen by the people commaunding by the name of Iudges the former whereof governed in ciuill affaires the other in matters military Consalvus Nunnius son to Nunnius Rasura succeeding in the same title and authority of Iudge He married vnto Semena daughter to Nunnius Ferdinandus murthered by Ordonius the second transmitting by that meanes vnto his house the right of the ancient Earles of Castile Ferdinandus Consalvus son to Consalvus Nunnius and Semena He reassumed the title of Earle of Castille continued in his successions vnto Sanctius the Great King of Navarra Vpon composition made with Sanctius surnamed the Grosse in the yeare 965 he freed the estate hereof from all right and acknowledgement of the Kings of Leon. Garcias Ferdinandus Earle of Castille sonne to Ferdinandus Consalvus Sanctius sonne to Garcias Ferdinandus Garcias sonne to Sanctius slaine by treason yong and without issue Sanctius surnamed the Great king of Navarra and Earle of Aragon in right of his wife Elvira elder sister to Garcias Earle of Castile the last Earle He made Castile a kingdome giuen by him with this title vnto Ferdinand his second son Ferdinand yonger son to Sanctius the Great king of Navarra the first king of Castile The bounds hereof in the time of this Prince were the river Pisverga from the kingdome of Leon Monte D'Oca from Navarra and the mountaines of Segovia Avila from the kingdome of Toledo and the Moores He further extended those limits beyond Monte D'Oca ouer part of Navarra won from his elder brother Garcias king of Navarra and since incorporated into the name of Castile Hee also annexed to his house the kingdome of Leon Veremundus the third king hereof being slain by him in battaile sans issue brother to his wife Sanctia Sanctius the first king of Castile eldest son to Ferdinand the first His yonger brother Alfonsus succeeded in the kingdome of Leon driuen out by Sanctius amongst the Moores of Toledo Hee deceased without issue slaine before Zamora Alfonsus the sixt king of Leon brother to Sanctius the first king of Castile after the decease hereof returning from banishment out of the countrey of the Moores and inheriting both kingdomes He added herevnto the city and kingdome of Toledo afterwards named Castilia la Nueva vnkindly taken from his late hoasts the Moores and Hyaia their last king Vrraca daughter to Alfonsus the sixt succeeding in both kingdomes Alfonsus the seauenth sonne to Vrraca she resigning succeeding likewise in both Sanctius the second king of Castile eldest son to Alfonsus the seaventh His yonger brother Ferdinand the second inherited Leon the two kingdomes being the third time divided Alfonsus the eight son to Sanctius the second whose wife was Eleanor daughter to Henry the second king of England He tooke from Ramir the second king of Navarra the townes of Logrogno Nagera and Calahora and almost whatsoeuer els the Navarrois held on that side of the riuer Ebro which he added vnto Castile in which
name and accompt they at this day continue Henry the first king of Castile son to Alfonsus the eight He dyed without issue Ferdinand the third son to Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon and of Berengaria yonger sister to Henry the first deceased in right from his mother king of Castile Blanche elder sister to Berengaria then wife to Lewes son to Philip the French King refused His father deceasing hee succeeded likewise in the Kingdome of Leon. After this last vnion the two Kingdomes were neuer againe seuered incorporated into one entire state knowne now by the name of Castille Leon. He recouered from the Moores the countries of Andaluzia and Murcia contayning then the petty Kingdomes of Murcia and Sivillia with part of the Kingdome of Cordova In the raigne hereof and yeare 1239 began the famous kingdome of Granado by Mahomet Aben-Alhamar King of Cordova vpon the surprisall of that city by Ferdinand remouing hither his royall seate Alfonsus the tenth King of Castile and Leon son to Ferdinand the third He was that famous Astronomer whose workes are now extant with vs the framer of the Tables of Alfonsus named from him The German Electours diuided he was chosen by his factiō Emperour of the Romans against Richard Earle of Cornwall brother to Henry the third King of England detained notwithstanding at home during his whole raigne with civill warres against his vnnaturall son Sanctius much more happy in the loue of the Muses then of his subiects Sanctius the third king of Castile and Leon the rebellious son of Alfonsus the tenth Ferdinand the fourth son to Sanctius the third Alfonsus the eleauenth son to Ferdinand the fourth Peter the first son to Alfonsus the eleauenth He was driuen out for his cruelty and was restored againe by Edward named the Blacke Prince son to Edward the third king of England Destitute of the English succours not long after he lost both his kingdome life overcome and slaine by his brother Henry Henry the second brother to Peter the first and naturall son to Alfonsus the eleaventh Iohn the first king of Castille Leon son to Henry the second opposed by Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster pretending the right of Constance his wife daughter to Peter the first In this prince by his marriage of D. Maria Diaz de Haro daughter and inheretresse to Don Lopez Diaz de Haro last prince of Biscaia and Guipuscoa these seigneuries were annexed to the crowne of Castille Comming to composition with Iohn duke of Lancaster hee marryed his sonne Henry vnto Catherine daughter to the other by agreement created vpon the marriage prince of Asturia which title occasioned from the English whose eldest sons are named princes of Wales hath ever since bin continued in the heires of Castille or Spaine Henry the third son to Iohn the first He married vnto Catherine daughter to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster Iohn the second son to Henry the third Henry the fourth son to Iohn the second He deceased without heires of his body Elizabeth queene of Castille Leon sister to Henry the fourth She married vnto Ferdinand the fift king of Aragon Sicily In the raigne hereof the countreyes of Granado Navarra the French Moores being expulsed became annexed to the house hereof and incorporated with Castille and the whole Spaine the kingdome of Portugall excepted vnited vnder one Monarch Naples likewise was then conquered from the French and the house of Ferdinand the bastard and the rich new-found world first discovered added to the dominion hereof Philip the first Arch-duke of Austria and Duke of Bungundie son to the Emperour Maximilian the first Mary Dutchesse of Burgundie king of Castille Leon in right of his wife Ioane eldest daughter to Ferdinand the fift and Elizabeth kings of Castille Aragon Philip deceasing and Ioane of Aragon his Queene in regard of her frenzy and indisposition being vnfit to governe Ferdinand the fift in the minority of Charles the fift reassumed againe the kingdome of Castille Charles the fift son to Philip the first and Ioane of Aragon after the decease of his grandfathers Maximilian the first Emperour and king Ferdinand the fift elected Emperour of the Romans and succeeding in the kingdomes of Castille Leon Aragon Naples Sicily Hierusalem and of the Indyes the Dukedomes of Austria Burgundy and the dominions of the low-countries He added vnto these in Italy the great Dukedome of Milan after the decease of Francis Sforcia without heires according to the composition made betwixt them and in the Netherlands the Provinces of Vtreicht Over-Ysel Zutphen Gelderland Wearyed with long sicknes and the burthen of so great an Empire he voluntarily surrendred all his estates vnto his younger brother Ferdinand and his son Philip the second cloistering himselfe vp in the monastery of S t Iustus in Estremadura where in a private fortune he dyed Philip the second son vnto the Emperour Charles the fift lord of all the kingdomes and possessions belonging to the house of Burgundy Spaine The German Empire and the dominions of Austria were left vnto his vncle Ferdinand Sebastian king of Portugal being slaine in Afrique by the Moores at the battaile of Alcacar and his vncle Cardinall Henry not long after surviuing by the great captain Don Ferdin̄d Alvares de Toledo in the yeare 1580 he cōquered that kingdome the first Monarch of Spaine since king Rodericus and the Gothes To giue a checke vnto this sudden and over-great prosperity the Low-countries in his time revolted eight of whose richest provinces Holland Zealand Vtreicht Over-Ysel Gelderland Zutphen West-Freisland Groninghen haue now by armes freed themselues from the Spanish yoake and subjection Philip the Third son to Philip the second succeeding in the dominions conquests of Spaine The Netherlands were assigned by his father vnto his sister Isabella marryed vnto Albert Arch-duke of Austria Philip the fourth son to Philip the third now king of Castille Spaine and of the many provinces subject to the great Empire hereof THE KINGDOME OF NAVARRA THe Kingdome hereof was first begun amongst the Pyrenean Mountaines in the parts whereabout now standeth the towne of Suprarbe by the Vascones the naturall inhabitants or rather by certaine remnants of the shipwrack'd and flying Christians in that great invndation of the Moores retreating amongst the safer rocks and shelters hereof The exact time when it begun is not set downe Onely thus much is agreed vpon that Garcias Ximinius the first king dyed in the yeare 758 some 42 yeares after the first erection of the kingdome of the Asturians or Leon. It was first entituled the kingdome of Suprarbe then the chiefe towne of those mountainous parts Afterwards it tooke the name of Navarra most probably vnder Innicus Garcias at what time first descending from the mountaines where the former kings had kept themselues immur'd they tooke in Pampelona and the plaine countrey from the Moores By the raigne of Sanctius the Great
of the Estates incorporated this great Dukedome with the Crowne of France never from thence to be severed which the male issue hereof extinct in Henry the third Lewis the thirteenth of the house of Bourbon and Navarre now raigning Isabella of Austria Princesse of the Lowe Countries the heire generall rejected by the vertue hereof at this day enjoyeth Their religion was alwayes Christian and Catholique instructed in this faith vnder the Romans before their comming into this Province Their government vntill their vnion with the crowne of France was Monarchicall first vnder kings then vnder dukes Their Princes follow Conan an English Briton placed here by Maximus in the yeare and raigne aforesaid Grallon after some son to Conan Salomon the first son to Grallon Auldran son to Salomon the first Budic the first son to Auldran Hoel the first son to Budic the first Hoel the second son to Hoel the first Alain the first son to Hoel the second Hoel the third son to Alain the first Salomon the second son to Hoel the third In this prince Iudicael the last K. of Basse Bretaigne dying without heires for since the last disbourdments hither of the Britons vntill this time the estate hereof was divided into two kingdomes the whole became vnited vnder one Prince Alain the second grandchild to Salomon the second He deceased without heires the last king of Bretaigne of the house of Conan Daniel Dremruz Budic the second Maxence Iohn Reith and David Wa chiefes of their factions the kingdome being then rent into many petty tyrannies the occasion of the after conquest hereof by Charles the Great After that the kingdome became againe recouered from the French Neomene formerly Lieftenant here Gouernour of the Province for the Emperour Lewes the godly chosen about the yeare 841. Heruspee son to Neomene slaine by Salomon his successour Salomon the third the murtherer of Heruspee son to Rivaillon brother to King Heruspee Hee was likewise slaine by Pastenethen Gurvant brothers to Heruspee and sons to Neomene in the yeare 874 the last king of Bretaigne Alain surnamed le Rebre son to Pastenethen after long misery and contention for the kingdome succeeding in the gouerment hereof the Normans who had invaded the province being vanquished and his competitours slaine and subdued THE DVKEDOME OF BRETAIGNE REfusing the more envious name of king he tooke vpon him onely the title and stile of Duke since followed by all the succeeding Princes Iuhael and Collodoch sons to Alain le Rebre An Inter-regnum for certaine yeares by meanes of the Norman or Danish invasion and tyranny miserably wasting and subduing the Country Alain surnamed Barbetorte son to Mathuede Earle of Porrhoet and of the daughter of Alain le Rebre the Normans being driuen out Drogon â—on to Alain Barbetorte slaine yong by the treason of Fouques Earle of Aniou in whom ended the house of Alain le Rebre Conan Earle of Renes descended from king Salomon the third his Competitours Hoel and Guerâ—ch naturall sons to Alain Barbetorte successiuely contending being vanquished and slaine Geffrey sonne to Conan the first Alain the third sonne to Geffrey the first Conan the second son to Alain the third He dyed sans issue Hoel the fourth son to Alain Earle of Cournovaille in the right of his wife Havoise sister to Conan the second Alain the fourth surnamed Fergent son to Hoel the fourth Conan the third son to Alain the fourth Eudon Earle of Ponthieure in the right of his wife Berthe daughter to Conan the third Conan the fourth sonne to Eudon and Berthe aforesaid Geffrey the second third son to Henry the second king of England in the right of his wife Constance daughter to Conan the fourth Arthur the first son to Geffrey and Constance He dyed young and vnmarried after the French relation murthered by his vnnaturall Vncle Iohn King of England jealous of his better right to that kingdome Peter de Dreux in the right of his wife Alis daughter by a second marriage to Constance aforesaid He first made the Dukedome subject vnto the soveraignty and homage of the French kings Iohn the first son to Peter de Dreux and Alis Iohn the second son to Iohn the first Arthur the second son to Iohn the second Iohn the third son to Arthur the second He dyed without heires After the decease hereof the right was controversed betwixt Iohn Earle of Montfort yonger son to Arthur the second aided by Edward the third King of England and Charles de Blois husband to Ioan la Boiteuse daughter to Guye second son to Duke Arthur the 2 d assisted by Philip de Valois French king neither side yet prevailing Iohn the fourth surnamed the Valiant son to Iohn Earle of Montfort aforesaid sole Duke of Bretaigne after the decease of Charles de Blois his competitour thorough the aide and valour of the English ouerthrowne and slaine at the battaile of Auray Iohn the fift son to Iohn the fourth Francis the first son to Iohn the fift He deceased without heire male Peter brother to Francis the first He dyed sans heires Arthur the third Earle of Richmond and Constable of France second sonne to Iohn the fourth He also deceased without issue Francis the second son to Richard Earle of Clisson third son to Iohn the fourth He deceased in the yeare 1488. Charles the eight French king in the right of his wife Anne heire of Bretaigne daughter to Francis the second He dyed without issue Lewes the twelfth French king in the right of Anne of Bretaigne aforesaid daughter to Duke Francis the second marryed vnto him after the decease of King Charles the Eight He deceased without male issue Francis the first French king and the third of that name Duke of Bretaigne in the right of his wife Claude eldest daughter to king Lewes the twelfth and Anne aforesaid With consent of the estates of Bretaigne in the yeare 1532 he inseparably vnited the Dukedome to the crown of France Francis Daulphin of Vienne eldest son to king Francis the first and of Claude crowned Duke of Bretaigne in the yeare 1539. He dyed yong before his father Henry the second French king son to King Francis the first and Claude Francis the second French king son to Henry the second Charles the ninth French king brother to Francis the second and son to Henry the second Henry the third French king brother to Francis the second and Charles the ninth and sonne to Henry the second the last French king of the house of Valois and in whom ended the line succession of the Dukes of Bretaigne After his decease the line masculine of the house of Valois and Bretaigne being extinguished the right hereof was questioned betwixt Henry the fourth King of France and Navarre and Philip the second king of Spaine pretending the title of his daughter Isabella now Princesse of the Low countreyes descended of Elizabeth daughter to King Henry the second By the aide of the English the Spaniards
king of England William the first son to Iohn the third William the second son to William the first the last Duke of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earle of Marck continued in the line masculine and descended from Adolph the tenth He deceased in the yeare 1609 without issue After his decease the estates hereof were controversed betwixt the Emperour Rodulph the second pretending the prerogatiue and right of the Empire vpon the failing of the male issue and Wolfang Prince of Nuburg and George-William Duke of Prussen descended from the eldest daughters of Duke VVilliam the first by the favour and armes of neighbouring Princes Gulick besieged and taken established in the possession hereof George-VVilliam Duke of Prussen son to Iohn Sigismond Marquesse and Electour of Brandenburg and to Anne daughter to Albert Duke of Prussen and to Mary-Leonor eldest daughter to William the first Duke of Cleve and Wolfang prince of Nuburg son to Philip-Lewis Count Palatine of Nuburg to Anne-Magdelin second daughter to Duke William the first and sister to Duke William the second Dukes of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earles of Marck in the yeare 1616 and at this present THE PALATINATE OF THE RHIIN IT likewise lyeth on both sides of the Rhijn so named frō the Counte-Palatines or Princes thus stiled aunciently seated in those parts and in continuance of time by gift purchase marriage armes becomming Lords hereof How these by litle litle became seazed of the countrey reade Franc Irenicus in his 3 booke 54 55. chapters Who were these first Paltzgraues it is not agreed vpon Trithemius nameth Count Palatines before the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great Others accompt their beginning from the time of this Emperour Irenicus more probably from the Emperours of the German race house of Saxony They were not more aunciently Princes or hereditary and but onely chiefe Iudges amongst the Dutch or Presidents in their courts of judicature thus entitl'd appointed by the Emperours and continuing during pleasure The first of these whereof there is any certaine mention was one Henry living in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third appointed one of the six first Electours of the Empire After him the Counte Palatines Electours follow Sigifrid Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Elector son to Adelheild by a former husband wife vnto Henry the first Electour Ezeline Conrade sons to Sigifrid Lutolphus son to Ezelin Conrade in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the fift Frederique son to Frederique with the one eye Duke of Schwaben and nephew to the Emperour Conrade the third Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony Bavaria Henry son to Henry surnamed the Lion Engerus Henry the fourth Hitherto the order was confused Otto the second Duke of Bavaria vpon his marriage with Gertrude daughter vnto Henry the fourth created Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Electour by the Emperour Frederique the second He deceased in the yeare 1259. Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn He dyed in the yeare 1294. After the decease hereof these two Estates of Bavaria the Palatinate became againe divided as they haue continued ever since Lewis his younger son succeeding in the part of Bavaria since called the Dukedome of Bavaria and contayned betwixt the Danow and the Alpes and Rodulph his eldest son in the Electourship and the Palatinate of the Rhijn together with Nortgow aunciently part of the Dukedome of Bavaria and then first seperated and from the possession of these princes named since the vpper Palatinate or the Palatinate of Bavaria Rodulph eldest son to Lewis the second Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn His younger brother Lewis succeeded in the Dukedome of Bavaria created afterwards Roman Emperour from whom the present Dukes of Bavaria are descended Adolph surnamed the Simple Electour Coute Palatine of the Rhiin eldest son to Rodulph His younger brother Robert Rodolph were also stiled Electours a chiefe cause of his surname of Simple Rupert son to Adolph the Simple Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn Rupert the second son to Rupert the first Hee was afterwards created Roman Emperour Lewis the third surnamed with the beard son to the Emperour Rupert From Stephen of Bipont his younger brother descended the Dukes of Zweibruck or Bipont as also the moderne Electours the house of Lewis the third becomming afterward in Otto-Henry extinguished Lewis the fourth son to Lewis the third Philip son to Lewis the fourth Lewis the fift son to Philip. He dyed without heires Frederique the first son to Philip and brother to Lewis the fift He also dyed without heires Otto-Henry son to Rupert brother to Lewis the fift and Frederique the first the last Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn of the house of Lewis the third deceasing with heires after whom succeeded in Electourship the house of Stephen of Bipont Frederique the third Duke of Zimmeren son to Iohn the secōd son to Iohn the first son to Frederique Earle of Spanheim sonne to Stephen of Bipont son to the Emperour Rupert the house of Lewis the third failing in Otto-Henry in the yeare 1559 succeeding in the Electourship Palatinate He was stiled Frederique the third in regard of Frederique surnamed the Victorious younger son to Lewis the third who although not Electour had notwithstanding vsurped this title in the minority of Philip Electour of whom he was Guardian Lewis the sixt son to Frederique the third Frederique the fourth son to Lewis the sixt governed in his minority by Iohn Casimir Count Palatine of the Rhiin and Knight of the honourable order of the Garter in England son to Frederique the third and brother to Lewis the sixt Frederique the fift son to Frederique the fourth Electour and Count Palatine of the Rhiin chosen King of Bohemia against the Emperour Ferdinand the second whose wife is the most illustrious princesse Elizabeth sister to his Maiestie Charles King of Great Britaine THE LANGRAVE-SHIP OF ELSATS THis tooke the name from the river Ill the chiefe of the country The State was begun in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third the first Lantgraue after Irenicus being one Theodoric In the raigne of the Emperour Frederique the second the male succession of these Lantgraues failing by meanes of daughters it became divided betwixt Albert the second Earle of Habspurg Albert Earle of Hohenburg Lewis Earle of Ottingen The Earle of Hohenburg shortly after vpon the marriage of Anne his daughter vnto Rodulph afterwards Emperour son to Albert the second Earle of Habspurg surrendred his part vnto that familie By this meanes the house of Habspurg afterwards of Austria became seazed of two parts hereof contayning now the vpper Elsats the Free Cities excepted The rest comprehēding at this day the lower Elsats the Earle of Ottingen sold vnto the Bishop of Strasburg whose Successours now hold the same vsurping the title of Lant-graues of Elsats The
surnamed the Stammerer joynt Kings created in the minority of Charles the Simple Lewis the second deceasing Carloman raigned alone who dyed not long after Lewis the third surnamed le Fay-neant sonne to Carloman His raigne was but short deposed for his slought many vices and shorne Monke of Saint Denys Charles surnamed the Fat son to Lewis the Auncient King of Germany and Emperour of the Romans called in by his faction elected King of West-France in the minority of Charles the Simple Hee was deposed not long after and deprived of all his estates dying in great misery and want nere vnto Constance in Germany in the yeare 889. Eudon guardian to Charles the Simple son to Robert Earle of Aniou son to Witichind prince of the Saxons in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great in the minority of his pupill after the Emperour Charles the Fat created French King After some two yeares raigne he was likewise deposed by this factious vnconstant nation succeeded vnto by Charles the Simple By meanes notwithstanding of this election there followed afterwards long quarrels and contention for the kingdome betwixt his kindred the house of Aniou and Charles the Simple and his issue during the whole Caroline line a chiefe pretence of Capets vsurpation Charles the Simple the legitimate son of the Emperour Lewis surnamed the Stammerer He had warres with Robert Earle of Aniou brother to King Eudon in regard of the election of Eudon pretending right to the kingdome and slaine by him in a battaill After a short and troublesome raigne caught imprisoned at Peronne by Hebert Earle of Vermandois and forsaken by the nobility hee resigned the kingdome to Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine son to Conrade Earle of Burgundy Transiuraine brother to Robert the first Earle of Aniou vncle to King Eudon vpon the imprisonment and forced resignation of Charles the Simple elected French King Lewis the fourth son to Charles the Simple and Elgina daughter to Edward surnamed the Elder and sister to Athelstan Kings of England surnamed the Forreiner for that during the captivity of his father and the vsurpation of Rodulph he lived exiled with his vncle Athelstan in England after the death of the vsurper called home and restored to the kingdome Hee had wars with Hugh surnamed the Great Earle of Paris Majour of the Palace son to Robert the second jealous of the popularity greatnes and the ambition of that house Lothaire son to Lewis the fourth In the raigne hereof Hugh Capet heire of the house of Aniou son to Hugh the Great begun againe to renew the auncient quarell of his family touching the kingdome the which not long after he obtayned Lewis the fift son to Lothaire He dyed young without issue the last French King of the house of Charles the Great Hugh Capet son to Hugh the Great Earle of Paris and Majour of the Palace after much quarrell betwixt the houses of Aniou and of Charles the Great thorough a long basenes slougth and pusillanimity of the degenerate princes of that line the present dislike of Charles Duke of Lorraine the next heire the long greatnes and still growing popularity of his house his flattery and crafty insinuations with the nobility and people and religious pretences and of his right and succession to King Eudo and Rodulph in the yeare 965 elected king by this wavering nation Charles Duke of Lorraine excluded caught afterwards by him and imprisoned during life Robert son to Hugh Capet Henry the first younger son to Robert preferred by his father before Robert his elder brother succeeding in the Dukedome of Burgundy Philip the first son to Henry the first Lewis the sixt son to Philip the first Lewis the seaventh son to Lewis the sixt About the raigne of this prince dyed Iohn de Temporibus by the stiffe consent of the French and German writers reported to haue lived from the Emperour Charles the Great vnto this time for aboue the space of 300 yeares Philip the second surnamed Augustus sonne to Lewis the seaventh Lewis the eight son to Philip the second Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint son to Lewis the eight Philip the third son to Lewis the ninth Philip the fourth surnamed the Faire son to Philip the third Lewis the tenth surnamed Hutin son to Philip the Faire Hee deceased without male issue Philip the fift surnamed the Tall brother to Lewis the tenth Hee also dyed without issue male Charles the fourth brother to Lewis Hutin and Philip the Tall. He also deceased without male issue Philip the sixt surnamed of Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine succeeding by the pretence of a Salique Law In the raigne hereof began those long and fierce wars betwixt the French Edward the third King of England descended of Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth pretending in this right for the kingdomes the issue whereof was the great overthrowes of the French at the battails of Crecy and Poictiers the captivity of Iohn French King and the restitution of Normandy and other parts of France taken from the English by King Philip Augustus lost notwithstanding not long after to King Charles the fift with Aquitaine Guienne vntill that time still held by the English nation Iohn French King sonne to Philip the sixt taken prisoner in the English warres by Edward Prince of Wales son to Edward the third at the battaile of Poictiers Charles the fift son to Iohn He recovered againe the countries of Normandy Aquitaine and Guienne and whatsoever else the English held in the continent of France the towne and forts about Calis onely excepted Charles the sixt son to Charles the fift In the raigne hereof fell out that fatall discord betwixt the houses of Orleans and Burgundy by the advantage whereof the weakenes of this phrenetique king and their victory at Agincourt Charles the Dolphin disinherited and Henry the fift King of England having married Catherinne his daughter made Regent of France the English again got seazed of the chiefest parts of the kingdome hereof Henry the sixt King of England being afterwards crowned king of France at Paris Charles the seaventh son to Charles the sixt After long trouble warres Philip the Good and the faction of Burgundy reconciled hee againe cleered France of the English the towne countrey of Calis excepted Lewis the eleaventh son to Charles the seaventh Charles the eight son to Lewis the eleaventh He dyed sans issue Lewis the twelth Duke of Orleans and Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine Hee marryed vnto Anne Dutchesse of Bretaigne and deceased without heire male Francis the first Duke of Engoulesme the next prince of the blood of the race masculine He marryed vnto Claude Dutchesse of Bretaigne daughter to Lewis the twelth Anne and incorporated Bretaigne to the crowne of France Henry the second son to Francis the first He wonne the towne countrey of
Calis from Mary queene of England Francis the second son to Henry the second Charles the ninth son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second Henry the third son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second and Charles the ninth These three brethren kings all dyed without issue the last princes of the house of Valois Henry the fourth King of Navarre son to Antony of Bourbon Duke of Vendosme Ioane queene of Navarre the next prince of the blood of the line masculine descended from Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint slain at Paris by that wretched Assassinate Ravaillart Lewis the thirteenth son to Henry the fourth King of France Navarre now raigning The Earledome of Flanders THis belonged sometimes vnto the kingdome of West-France held still by the princes thereof vnder the fief of this crowne quitted vnto Philip and second king of Spaine and to the heires of the house of Burgundy by Henry the second French King the late league of Cambray Concerning the occasion and beginning of the name hereof we cannot relate any thing certainely The estate was begun after Wassenburg in the person of one Lideric Buc vnto whom the Countrey was given with the title of Forester by Dagobert the first French King at that time for the most part lying waste and without almost inhabitants thorough the vastnes of the woods and marishes and the pyracyes of the Danes In the person of Bauldwin the last Forester it was made an Earledome by the Emperour Charles the Bauld whose sister Iudith he had marryed in which stile it hath ever since continued It contayned then besides moderne Flanders the countrey of Artois and the parts of France where now lie Vermanduois Boulognois or vnto the Some By Earle Philip the first the parts of Vermanduois Artois and Boulognois were severed from Flanders given in way of dowry with Isabel daughter to his sister Margaret and Bauldwin Earle of Hainault vnto Philip Augustus French king since incorporated by this meanes vnto the Crowne of France part whereof became afterwards the Earledome of Artois The Princes follow Lideric Buc the first Forester son to Salvart Prince of Diion created by Dagobert French King according to Wassenburg in the yeare 611 after Heuterus in the yeare 621. Antony Buc son to Lideric Buc slaine by the Danes Boschart son to Lideric Buc and brother to Antony He was driuen out by Theodoric French king hauing only left vnto him the Lordship of Harlebec After this for about one hundred yeares space we reade not of any Foresters or Lords hereof the country in the meane time being miserably spoiled by the Norman and Danish pyrats Estored Lord of Harlebec afterwards Forester by whom the Normans were expulsed He liued in the time of Charles Martel Regent of France Lideric the second son to Estored Inguelran son to Lideric the second Odoacer son to Inguelran Bauldwin the first son to Odoacer Hauing married Iudith sister to the Emperour Charles the Bauld he was created by him first Earle of Flanders in whom ended the title of Foresters Bauldwin the second son to Bauldwin the first Arnold the first son to Bauldwin the second Bauldwin the third son to Arnold Arnold the second sonne to Bauldwin the third Bauldwin the fourth sonne to Arnold the second Hee had giuen vnto him the Iland of Walcheren in Zealand by the Emperour Henry the second the cause of long contention betwixt the houses of Flanders Holland quitted afterwards by Earle Guye of Flanders vnto Florentius the fift Earle of Holland Bauldwin the fift son to Bauldwin the fourth Bauldwin the sixt son to Bauldwin the fift He marryed Richilde Countesse of Hainault daughter to Regnier the third vniting for a time those two Earledomes in his succession and family He deceased in the yeare 1070. Arnold the third son to Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Flanders and Hainault slaine in battaile sans issue by his Vncle Robert Robert the first son to Bauldwin the fift and Vncle to Arnold the third His nephew Bauldwin brother to Arnold the third succeeded in the Earledome of Hainault by which meanes those two estates were againe divided Robert the second Earle of Flanders son to Robert the first Bauldwin the seauenth son to Robert the second Wanting heires he bequeathed Flanders vnto Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela daughter to Robert the first He dyed sans issue William the first son to Robert Duke of Normandy eldest son to William surnamed the conquerour Duke of Normandy and king of England and Maude wife vnto the Conquerour daughter to Bauldwin the fift and sister to Bauldwin the sixt He enioyed not long the Earledome expulsed in regard of his tyranny and cruelty Theodoric son to Theodoric Earle of Elsatz and of Gertrud daughter to Robert the first William the Norman being driuen out slaine Hee deceased in the yeare 1168. Philip son to Theodoric Margaret eldest sister to Philip. She marryed vnto Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Hainault Namur vniting againe these two Earledomes in one family Bauldwin the ninth Earle of Flanders Hainault son to Bauldwin Margaret Ioane Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth She dyed sans issue Margaret the second Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth yonger sister to Ioane She marryed vnto William of Bourbon Lord of Dampierre She had before this marriage by Buscart Prior of S. Peter in L'isle her gurdian a base son named Iohn d'Avesnes succeeding afterwards in Hainault William the second son to William of Bourbon Lord of Dampier Margaret Earle onely of Flanders Iohn d'Avesnes son to Margaret Buscart by composition amongst the brethren succeeding in Hainault He dyed without issue Guy Earle of Flanders son to Margaret William Lord of Dampier yonger brother to William the second Robert the third son to Guy Earle of Flanders Lewis the first son to Lewis son to Robert the third Mary daughter to Iames Earle of Nevers Retel He marryed vnto Margaret heire of the Earledomes of Burgundy and Artois He was slaine fighting against the English in the battaile of Crecy Lewis the second surnamed Malan from a castle thus called the place of his birth Earle of Flanders Artois and Burgundy son to Lewis the first Margaret daughter to Philip the Long second king and Ioane Countesse of Artois and Burgundy Margaret Countesse of Flanders Burgundy Artois daughter to Lewis the second She married vnto Philip de Valois surnamed the Hardy Duke of Burgundy son to Iohn French king by meanes whereof these three Estates descended vpon the house of Burgundy afterwards of Austria The Earledome of ARTOIS THis tooke the name from the Atrebates the auncient inhabitants or otherwise from Arras the chiefe towne It was sometimes a part of Flanders giuen with other peeces anciently belonging to
or Vannes the inhabitants speake only the British language for this cause named by the French la Bretaigne Bretonant Blavet a little haven towne at the mouth of the riuer thus called Vannes Dariorigum of Ptolemie and civitas Venetûm of Antoninus a Bishops sea seated vpon a goodly bay nere vnto the mouth of the riuer Vilaine The towne is old ruinous and much decayed The country hereabouts were the Veneti of Strabo Caesar Ptolemy Pliny and Antoninus from whom proceeded the ancient Veneti in Italie seated vpon the coast of the sea Adriaticke drawne thither in those passages of the Gaules vnder Belovesus and occasioning afterwards the name of the famous citty and people of the Venetians In the time of Caesar they were the mightiest people and of greatest authority amongst the Armorici strong in shipping and of great skill and experience in sea-faring matters Nere herevnto in an Iland within the bay hereof standeth the strong castle of Sussinio Guerrande Croisic little haven townes beyond the riuer Vilaine at the mouth of the Loire Nantes Condivincum of Ptolemie civitas Namnetum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage seated vpon the Loire The citty is large faire strong and populous the chiefest in Bretaigne The country hereabouts were the Nannetes of Caesar and Plinie the Namnitae of Ptolemie and the Namneti of Antoninus Clisson a strong towne castle in the Dutchie of Raiz which is the part of Bretaigne lying beyond the Loire or betwixt that riuer and Poictou Moncontour S. Brieu a Bishops sea and a well frequented port seated vpon the English chanell betwixt two little rivulets Trieu and Arguennon supposed by Bertrand to be the rivers Titius and Argenis of Ptolemie Lamballe The people hereabouts are excellent deluers or pioners vnto which trade they chiefly addict themselues thought by Bertrand to be the Ambiliates of Caesar. Hitherto or in the dioceses of Vannes Nantes and S. Brieu both the French and British tongues are spoken or as in Chesne a mixed language of these two which part for this cause is named by the French la Bretaigne Mesle Dinan a rich and pleasant towne vpon the riuer Rance S. Malo a Bishops sea and a noted Port strongly seated vpon a rocke within the sea wherewith at every flowing water it is encompassed being ioined to the continent only by an artificiall narrow causey or neck of land Montfort in the diocese of S. Malo Dol a Bishops sea vnwholsomely situated amongst marishes Renes Condate of Ptolemie and civitas Redonum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Baâ—lliage and the Parliament of Bretaigne The citty is not very large containing onely some mile and an halfe in compasse yet strong and populous accounted the next after Nantes The country hereabouts were the Rhedones of Caesar Ptolemie and Plinie the Redones of Antoninus Chasteau-Briand La Vitre Fougeres vpon the river Covesnon strong frontire places towards Normandie Maine Aniou In this more Easterly part of Bretaigne towards France or in the diocese of S. Malo Dol and Renes the inhabitants speake only the French named herevpon la Bretaigne Gallicant THE PARLIAMENT OF ROVEN COntaining only the Dukedome of Normandie NORMANDIE HAving vpon the West the river Covesnon dividing it from Bretaigne vpon the North the English Chanell vpon the East Picardie and vpon the South and South-East the countries of Maine and France Speciall The country for fertilitie and large extent number strength state of townes the nobilitie multitude of people their wit courage and valour aboue the ordinary of the nation may deseruedly be accounted the chiefe Province of the kingdome It is divided into the Higher and the Lower Normandie whereof this containeth the sea-coasts the other the more inland parts The Lower Normandie againe is subdiuided into the parts called la Caux lying betwixt the Seine and Picardie and the countries Bessin and Constantin contained betwixt the Seine and Bretaigne Chiefer townes are Auranches Ingena of Ptolemie and civitas Abrincantum of Antoninus now a Bishops sea seated vpon a scalpe or rocke overlooking the English Chanell from the which it is not farre distant as neither from Bretaigne The country hereabouts were the Abrincatui of Ptolemie and Plinie the Abrincanti of Antoninus Constances Constantia of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailiage naming the country called from hence le Pais Constantin The town ever since the English warres hath layen opne without either wall or fortificatioÌ„ to defend it coÌ„trary to the custome of France maner of the French cities Cherbourg a strong seacoast town in a sandy shote vnapt to plant Ordinance vpon making it thereby vneasie to be besieged It was the last place the English held in Normandie in the vnfortunate raigne of king Henry the sixt S. Lo a strong inland place vpon the river Vire Bayeux civitas Baiocassium of Antoninus a Bishops sea naming le Pais Bessin Caen a Bishops sea and Bailliage vpon the rivers Ouden and Orne The citty is large populous and strong the second of the province graced with an Vniversity founded by Henry the fift king of England In an Abbey church in the subvrbs hereof are seene the tombes statues and epitaphs of William the Conquerour the first king of England of the race of the Normans and of Maude his wife their enterred Falaise vpon the river Ante the country of the Conquerour borne here of a meane Burgers daughter The towne is strong in shew resembling a ship whose poupe might be the castle seated vpon a high rocke at the end hereof Alençon a Bailliage Hereof were entituled the Dukes of Alençon Sees civitas Salarum and Saiorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea vpon the river Orne Lyseux civitas Lexoviorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea The country here abouts were the Lexovij of Caesar Pliny and Antoninus and the Lexubij of Ptolemy Eureux a Bishops sea and Bailliage Mediolanium of Ptolemy vpon the river Iton The towne is rich populous and flourishing the third in Normandy The country were the Eburonices of Caesar the Aulercij Eburaici of Ptolemy the Aulerci Eburovices of Pliny Gisors a Bailliage and a strong frontire towne towards France speciall Roven Rothomagus of Ptolemy and civitas Rotomagensium of Antoninus vpon the Seine an Arch-bishops sea and the Parliament and chiefe citty of the country The towne is rich great populous and well traded by Merchants by meanes of the river here navigable the best of the kingdome after Paris and Lions The country were the Venellocasses of Caesar the Vellocasses of Pliny the Veneliocassij of Ptolemie the Rotomagenses of Antoninus Haure de Grace a noted Port strong towne of warre at the mouth of the Seine environed vpon the other sides with the sea and with deepe vnpassible marishes towards the land The towne is new built by king Francis the first to affront the English In the beginning of the raigne of Queene
Elizabeth of most famous memory it was surprised by the English and for a time held by that nation for Calice detained by the French surrendred thorough sicknes amongst the souldiers and for want of fresh water which is altogether conveyed hither from the hils without by conduit pipes cut of by the enemie the onely weakenes of the towne Within the land not farre of is the towne of Yvetot sometimes stiled a kingdome in regard of the ancient exemptions and priviledges of the Lords thereof from al homage and subjection to the kings of France It is now a principality in the house of Bellay Diepe at the mouth of a little river so called a well frequented Port especially for the trade of the West-Indies and New-found-land S. Valerie an other haven towne lying betwixt Diepe and Havre de Grace Caux the country hereof were the Caletes of Caesar the Caleti of Strabo THE PARLIAMENT OF PARIS COmprehending Picardie Champaigne Brie France Special Beausse Poictou Engoulmois Berry Bourbonois Forest Beaujolois Lionois and Auvergne PICARDIE BOunded vpon the West with Normandy and the British Ocean vpon the North with Artois and Hainault of the Low Countries vpon the East with Luxemburg and Lorraine and vpon the South with Champaigne and France Speciall The countrie is fruitfull in corne the store-house of Paris Chiefer townes are Abbe-ville a Bishops sea and Bailliage the best towne of Ponthieu vpon the river Some Monstreul Nere herevnto is Crecie the French Cannae famous for their great overthrow and the victorie of the English in the raigne of Philip the sixt These two lie in Ponthieu which is a low fenny country named thus frō the many bridges made over the moorish flats thereof Boulogne Portus Gessoriacus of Caesar Gesoriacum Navale of Ptolemie Portus Morinorum of Plinie and civitas Bononensium of Antoninus a Bailliage and Bishops sea vpon the English chanell The towne hath beene made strong especially since the surprisall thereof by K. Henry the eight and the English divided into the Higher the Lower Boulogne distant about an hundred paces asunder and severally walled and fortified The haven serveth rather for passage into England then for traficke and negotiation The country neighbouring is named from hence le Pais Boulognois Pagus Gessoriacus of Plinie and the Bononenses of Antoninus part of the Morini of Caesar Strabo and Plinie Calais Portus Iccius of Caesar Portus Britannicus Morinorum of Pliny and Promontorium Itium of Ptolemy a strong sea-coast towne at the entrance of the English chanell and the borders of Artois After the battaill of Crecy and a whole yeares siege it was taken by Edward the third king of England held afterwards and peopled by the English with the neighbouring forts and townes of Oye Hams Ardres and Guisnes vntill the late lesse prosperous raigne of Queene Mary when it was surprised by Henrie the second French king Here the passage is shortest betwixt the continent of Europe and the Iland of Great Bretaigne accompted some thirty miles over named by the French le Pas de Calais Amiens Samarobrina of Caesar Samarobriga of Ptolemy and civitas Ambianensis of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage and the chiefe cittie in Picardie vpon the riuer Some with whose divided streames it is round encompassed the occasion as some conjecture of the name The towne is strong and well fortified the bulwarke of France on this part towards Netherland The country were the Ambiani of Caesar Pliny and Ptolemy occasioning most likely the name of the towne Corbie Peronne vpon the Some Roie Mondidier strong frontire places opposing the same enemie The three last lie in the district or territory named Santerre Noion Noviodunum of Caesar a Bishops sea the country of reverent Calvin S. Quintini Augusta Romanduorum of Ptolemie and civitas Veromannorum of Antoninus a strong towne in the same broder the chiefe of the country of Vermanduois Fere a strong towne against the same enemie the chiefe of the country of Tartenois part of the Vermanduois the Veromandui of Caesar and Pliny the Rhomandues of Ptolemy and the Veromanni of Antoninus Laon a Bishops sea The Bishop is one of the 12 Peers of France Soissons Augusta Vessonum of Ptolemie a Bishops sea vpon the river Aisne the last place the Romanes held in Gaule vnder Siagrius driven out by Clovys he fift king of the French Afterwardes in the division of the French Monarchie by the sonnes and posterity of Clovys the Great it was made the head of a particular kingdome called from hence the Kingdome of Soissons Soissonois or the country hereof were the Suessones of Caesar the Suessiones of Strabo and Pliny the Vessones of Ptolemy and the Suessiani of Antoninus with Noion and Laon now part of the more general country or name of Vermanduois Retel frontiring vpon Lorraine From hence the neighbouring country is called le Pais Retelois Guise a strong towne and castle vpon the same border and the river Oyse in the particuler country of Tirasche Hereof were entitled the late Dukes of Guise descended from the house of Lorraine CHAMPAIGNE SVrrounded with Picardy Barrois Lorraine Charolois the dukedome of Burgundy and France Speciall The country is plaine pleasant and fruitfull affording plenty of corne wines shadie woods meadowes riuers all sorts of pleasing and vsefull varieties Chiefer townes are Chaalon Civitas Catalaunorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea Pairry vpon the Marne The countrie about Chaalon were the Catalauni of Antoninus In the neighbouring plaines Campi Catalaunici of Cassiodorus was fought that great and famous battaile betwixt Aetius generall of the Romans for the Emperour Valentinian the third assisted by the Gothes and other barbarous nations and Attila king of the Huns. Rheims Durocortum of Caesar Durocottum of Ptolemy and Ciuitas Remorum of Antoninus a Metropolitan sea a Bailliage and the chiefe citty of Champaigne seated vpon the riuer Vasle The Archbishop is one of the. 12. Peeres of France Hither come the French kings to be consecrated The country were the Rhemi of Caesar Strabo Pliny Ptolemie and Antoninus Ligny vpon the riuer Sault Vitry sirnamed le Franeois vpon the rivers Sault and Marne the Bailliag◠and chiefe towne of Parthois Didier Perte naming the country Parthois both seated in Parthois and vpon the Marne Ian-ville a Seneschaussee vpon the Marne in the country of Vallage In the castle hereof magnificently seated vpon the top of an inaccessable high hil is seene the the tombe of Claude Duke of Guise one of the most costly monuments in France Vassey lying also in Vallage vpon the river Bloise enioying a most pleasant situation environed with shady forrests and woods Chaumont vpon the Marne the Bailliage for the country of Bassigny The castle here is very strong mounted vpon an high and steepe scalpe or rocke Trois Augustomana of Ptolemie and civitas Tricaffium of Antoninus a Bishops
the Rhijn Lewis the first Duke of Bavaria son to Otho Otho the second son to Lewis the first Marrying vnto Gertrude sole daughter vnto Henry Count Palatine of the Rhijn he added to his house the Palatinat Electorship of the Rhijn created Paltzgraue and Electour by the Emperour Fredericke the second Henry Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second and brother vnto Henry Lewis the third Duke of Bavaria sonne to Lewis the second Hee was elected Roman Emperour and deceased in the yeare 1347. His elder brother Rodulph had for his share the Palatinate of the Rhijn and Nortgow or the vpper Palatinate together with the title of Electour the founder of the house of the present Paltzgraues and Electours Stephen Duke of Bavaria sonne to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria His brothers William and Albert were successiuely Earles of Haynault Hollandt and Zealandt and Lords of West-Frieselandt Lewis another brother succeeded in the Marquisate and the Electourall dignity of Brandenburg Stephen of Ingolstadt Iohn of Munchen and Fridericke of Landshut named thus from such parts of the Dukedome they possessed Dukes of Bavaria sonnes to Stephen the first Ernest Duke of Bavaria son to Iohn of Munchen Albert surnamed the Godly sonne to Ernest. Albert the second son to Albert the first William sonne to Albert the second Albert the third sonne to William William sonne to Albert the third Maximilian and Albert sonnes to William the second Dukes of Bavaria in the yeare 1610. The rest of those who haue borne the title of Dukes of Bavaria and haue deceased without issue or not continued the house in regard of our promised methode wee omit Hereof were sometimes parts the Dukedomes of Steirmark Karnten and Earledome of Tirol with part of Austria whose relations follow THE DVKEDOME OF AVSTRIA THis State was first occasioned vpon the warres of the Hungarians who vexing Germanie with continuall excursions and alarums during the raignes of the Emperours Lewis the fourth Conrade Henry the first were the cause that there were ordained by these Princes in the border of the Empire betwixt this enimie and the Bavarians certaine limitary prefects to defend that frontiere from Oosten-reich or the Easterne kingdome by which name Germany was then distinguished from France of whose limit they were Guardians called then the Marquesses of Oosten-reich and by Latin writers corruptly Austrasia and Austria becomming afterwards haereditary and deriving this their title and name to the country now thus called accruing vnto them by their conquests and winnings from the Hungarians and by their after encroachments vpon the Dukes of Bavaria Vnto the Princes of this familie the most potent at this day through the Christian world are now subiect the Kingdomes of Spaine of the Indies Naples Sicilie Bohemia and Hungary the great Dukedomes of Milan Schlesi Steirmarke Karnten and Krain the Marquisates of Lausnitz and Marheren the Earledomes of Burgundie and Tirol Brisgow Sungâ—w the vpper Elsatz the greatest part of the Low Countries together with the kingdome of Germanie and the Empire of the Romans They were first as before stiled Marquesses then Dukes and now lastly Archdukes Their order and succession follow Leopold surnamed the illustrious sonne to Henry Earle of Bamberg descended from the Dukes of Schwaben the first Marquesse of Austria deriving the title and honour hereof to his ofspring and posterity the former after the custome of those times being only but such Leiftenants or Deputies of the Emperours created by the Emperour Henry the first about the yeare 928. Henry the first sonne to Leopold the Illustrious Albert sonne to Henry the first Ernest sonne to Albert. Leopold the second sonne to Ernest. Leopold the third sonne to Leopold the second Leopold the fourth sonne to Leopold the third Henry the second sonne to Leopold the fourth Marquesse of Austria and Duke of Bavaria He was the first Duke of Austria and added to the name and account hereof the country betwixt the rivers Ens and Inn giuen vnto him by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa in lieu of the Dukedome of Bavaria adiudged from him vnto Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxonie Leopold the fift Duke of Austria brother to Henry and sonne to Leopold the fourth Hee most iniuriously detained prisoner Richard the first king of England in his voyage homewards out of the Holy Land suffering shipwrack vpon the coast of Istria and surprised travelling disguised through his country Hee added to the house of Austria the Dukedome of Steirmark purchased from Ottacarus the last Duke with the mony gotten by the ransome of the king of England Fredericke the first Duke of Austria sonne to Leopold the fift His elder brother Leopold succeeded in the Dukedome of Steirmarck He deceased without heires of his body Leopold the sixt eldest sonne to Leopold the fift and brother to Fredericke the first Duke of Austria and Steirmarck Fredericke the second Duke of Austria and Steirmarck sonne to Leopold the sixt Hee deceased sans issue in whom failed the line masculine of Leopold the Illustrious the two Provinces of Austria and Steirmarck becomming after this vsurped by stranger families Ottocarus sonne to Wenceslaus the first king of Bohemia by the pretended right of his wife Margaret daughter to Leopold the sixt succeeding in both Dukedomes Hee became likewise seazed of the countries of Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana sold by Vlric their last Prince Overmatched by the greater power of the Emperour Rodulph the first hee quitted vnto him and the Empire all these his new got possessions vpon a new quarrell not long after slaine by him in battle at the riuer of Marckh Rodulph the first Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany by right of warre of the Empire Lord of Austria Steirmarck Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana gotten from Ottocarus In the yeare 1283 by consent of the estates of the Empire assembled in a Diet at Auspurg hee divided these countries and other his hereditary possessions amongst his two sonnes Albert Rodulph and Meinard Earle of Tirol his brother in law whereof Albert the elder brother had Austria Steirmarck and Krain Rodulph Argow the vpper Elsatz and other peeces in Schwaben the proper inheritance of the house of Habspurg with the title of Duke of Schwaben and Meinard Karnten and Marca Trevifana Albert the first eldest sonne to the Emperour Rodulph the first Duke of Austria Steirmarck and Krain of the familie of Habsping created in the yeare 1283. After the decease of his father hee was elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germanie Hee was slaine by Iohn sonne to his brother Rodulph Duke of Schwaben whose guardian hee had beene in his minoritie discontented with him for detaining his inheritance from him Rodulph created the first Archduke in a Diet held at Nurenberg Frederick the third Leopold the seauenth Henry the third Otho surnamed the
and Charles the Simple the onely left legitimate issue of Charles the Bald being then young and vnfit to governe he got seazed of Italy and the Roman Empire the title still afterwards continuing in his successours Forsaken and deposed by his inconstant nobility hee died in extreame want and misery in the greater Augia neere Constance a memorable example of the incertitude of this transitory and earthly happinesse succeeded vnto by Arnulph Arnulph Emperour of the Romans and King of Germany naturall sonne to Carloman brother to the Emperour Charles the Fat Lewis Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany sonne to Arnulph He deceased without issue Conrade the first sonne to Conrade brother to Lewis the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Charles the Great He deceased in the yeare 919. Henry the first surnamed the Fowler Duke of Saxonie by the choise of the Dutch and the assignement of Conrade the first elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany the Caroline line here being extinguished and that succeeding in France being excluded as strangers Otho the first surnamed the Great sonne to Henry the first Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany Otho the second sonne to Otho the first Otho the third sonne to Otho the second Wanting heires and for prevention of all future claime of the French and Italians by the aid and authority of Pope Gregory the fift a Dutchman and of the cittizens of Rome hee made the Empire of the Romans and the kingdome of Germany to bee perpetually electiue and entailed them vpon the German nation After this Prince the state hath ever since for the space of 627 yeares remained electiue continued chiefly in foure Dutch families of Franconia Suevia Lutzenburg and Austria where now it resteth He died in the yeare 1000. Henry the second Duke of Bavaria the first elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany Conrade the second Duke of Franconia Henry the third sonne to Conrade the second Henry the fourth sonne to Henry the third Falling out with and excommunicated by the Popes hee was lastly by their curse depriued of all imperiall and kingly dignitie his sonne Henry the fift authorized and set vp against him dying afterwards in great distresse and poverty Henry the fift the vnnaturall sonne of Henry the fourth the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Franconia after long quarrells with the Popes deceasing in the yeare 1124. Lotharius the second Duke of Saxonie Emperour of the Romans and king of Germanie He deceased in the yeare 1137. Conrade the third Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany sonne to Frederick surnamed the Ancient Duke of Suevia Fredericke the first surnamed Barbarossa Duke of Suevia sonne to Frederick with the one eye brother to the Emperour Conrade the third Henry the sixt sonne to Frederick Barbarossa Philip Duke of Suevia brother to Henry the sixt slaine by Otho Count Palatine Otho the fourth sonne to Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria chosen Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany against Philip by the contrary faction of Pope Innocent the third enimieâ— the house of Suevia after the decease of Philip crowned at Rome Excommunicated shortly after through the inconstancy and iniury here of he became forsaken and depriued of all dying in a private state at Brunswijck in the yeare 1218. Frederick the second Duke of Suevia sonne to the Emperour Henry the sixt in the yeare 1212 chosen against Otho the fourth after long warres and contention with the Popes deceasing in the yeare 1251 the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Suevia During the raigne hereof beginne the faction of the Guelphes and Gibelines amongst the Italians whereof these later sided for the Emperours the other for the Popes occasioned by the quarrells hereof the side of the Popes through the power and authority of that sea at length prevailing and the Emperours quite dispossessed of Italy the title onely remaining William Earle of Holland elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany during the raigne of the Emperour Fredericke the second thorough the authority of the sea of Rome and the immense charge of Pope Innocent the Fourth enimie to Fredericke the second He was slaine the yeare 1257 in his warres against the rebellious Frisâ—â—s Richard Earle of Cornewall brother to Henry the third king of England and Alphonso the tenth king of Castille and Leon chosen Emperours of the Romanes and kings of Germany by their factions the Electours being divided Râ—dâ—lph the first Earle of Habspâ—rg after long disorder and vacancie in the yeare 1273 chosen by the ioint consent of the Electours the founder of 〈…〉 family of Austria and the first Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany of that house Albert the first Duke of Austria sonne to the Emperour Rodulph the first and Adâ—lph Earle of Nassâ—â— chosen one against the other Albert prevailing by whom Adolph was slaine in battaile Henry the seaventh Earle of Lâ—â—zeâ—burg elected after the decease of Albert. Lewis the fift Duke of Bavaria elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germanie opposed by Fredericke Arch-duke of Austria Charles the fourth king of Bohemia and son to the Emperour Henry the seaventh elected during the raigne of the Emperour Lewis excommunicated by the Popes Iohn the two and twentieth Benedict the tenth and Clement the sixt thorough the authority hereof After the decease of Lewis being againe disliked by the Electours Edwarde the 3 d king of England is designed who refusing the Empire as did afterwardes Fredericke Lantgraue of Duringen Gunther Earle of Schwartzenburg is elected dying shortly after vnto whom he againe succeeded for the space of 33 yeares By this prince in the yeare 1356 the Golden Bull was ordained containing the maner of chusing the Emperours Wenceslaus king of Bohemia son to the Emperour Charles the fourth deposed for his floth and many other vices Fredericke Duke of Brunswijck elected after Wenceslaus slaine shortly after at Frislar by the teason of the Bishop of Meâ—tâ— Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhijn He made warre in Italie for the recovery of that province but with vnfortunate successe that Italians every where now shaking of the yoake of the Empire favoured by the Popes iealous of the neighbourhood and greatnesse of the Germanes Iodocur Marques of Moravia vncle to Wenceslaus elected after Rupert His raigne was but short not lasting fullie six moneths Sigismond king of Hungarie and Bohemia son to the Emperour Charles the fourth and brother to Wenceslaus the last Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany of the house of Lutzenburg He deceased in the yeare 1437. Albert the second Archduke of Austria and king of Hungary and Bohemia son in law to the Emperour Sigismond From this prince the house of Austria haue ever since possessed the Imperiall and Royall Diademe Fredericke the third Archduke of Austria Emperour of the Romanes
held with this title vnder the soueraignty and right of the kings of Denmarke The line masculine of the Dukes extinguished it returned againe to the crowne giuen not long after by Queen Margaret vnto Gerard Count of Holstein whose male succession in the yeare 1459 failing in Adolph the last Earle it was lastly incorporated with the kingdome by Christierne the first as it now continueth Chiefer townes are Sleswijck before mentioned a Bishops sea named thus from the river Slea vpon which it is situated Close by standeth the faire Castle of Gottorp the seat of the Dukes of Sleswijck where tol is paid of the many droues of Oxen passing yearely this way out of the Chersonese into Germany From hence in imitation of the Picts wall in England hath beene drawne westward ouer land a long trench or wall called now by the inhabitants Dennewerck raised after Aymonius for the better defence of the Chersonese against the neighbouring Saxons by Godfrey king of the Danes in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great Husem vpon the German or westerne Ocean not far froÌ„ the mouth of the riuer Eydore Flensborch a noted empory seated amongst hills vpon a nauigable creeke or inlet of the Sundt Hadersleue a Bishops sea vpon a nauigable inlet of the sea Baltick where with it is round encompassed against the Iland Funen graced with the beautiful castle of Hansburg begun by Iohn duke of Holstein but finished by Frederick the 2 d K. of Denmarcke These lye in Suder-Iutland or the dukedome of Sleswijck Beda seemeth to place here the famous Angli the founders of the moderne English nation during the raigne of the Emperour Valentinian the 3 d departing froÌ„ hence into the Iland of Great Bretaine In Nort-Iutland Kolding vpon a creeke of the sea Balticke Arhusen a Bishops sea and a noted port vpon the Sundt Against this and the great promontory Hellenis lie the Ilands Samsoe Hielm Hilgenes with others belonging to the continent hereof Wiborch within the land a Bishops sea and the chiefe place of iudicature of the Chersonese Alborch vpon the baye Limfort which is a long creeke of the sea Baltick extending through the maine land westwards almost as farre as the German Ocean The part of the Chersonese lying vpon the North of this bay is named by the inhabitants Wendsyssel West hereof the country is called Hanhaeret where is the high rock Skarringklint a noted sea marck The German Ocean coasting Iutland especially the part neighbouring to this rock is full of sholes and quicksands for this cause carefully avoided by marriners sayling towards Norwey and the Ilands of the Sundt Tysted Nicoping Ripen a Bishops sea vpon the German Ocean The length of both the Iutlands with the neighbouring dukedome of Holstein or from the riuer Elb vnto the towne of Schagen the most Northerly point of the Chersonese Cellarius accompteth at 80 German miles the breadth at twenty of the same miles THE ILANDS OF THE SVNDT THese lye in the mouth of the Sundt betwixt Iutlandt and Schonen The more remarqueable and greater Ilands are Funen and Zelandt FVNEN LYing against the townes of Kolding and Hadersleue in Iutland containing 12 Dutch miles in length and 4 in breadth The chiefe towne is Odensee a Bishops sea ZELANDT SEated betwixt Funen and the maine land of Schonen the greatest of the Ilands and the seat of the Prince Chiefer townes here are Rotschilt a Bishops sea The Bishops hereof haue the honour to annoint the kings at the time of their inauguration Helschenor or Elsenor at the entrance of the Sundt The narrow sea betwixt this and Schonen containeth only a Dutch mile in breadth commaunded by two castles lying vpon each side of the straight that of Helsenburg in Schonen and of Cronenburg in Zealandt Here all the ships which in great numbers passe continually towards Swethen Prussen and the East-lands stop and pay custome the best part of the princes revenues In the strong and magnificent castle of Cronenburg founded by Fredericke the second the king more commonly resideth Koppen hagen farther downe vpon the Sundt a noted port the chiefe towne of the kingdome where flourisheth an Vniversity of the Danes and Norvegians begun by Eric the ninth but perfected by Christian the first and the succeeding princes endowed with liberall revenues Vpon the East hereof lyeth the Iland Amagger making a safe road for ships which ride at ancher betwixt it and the towne Other Danish Ilands are Alsen against Flensborch and Suder-Iutland vnto the which it appertaineth containing 4 Dutch miles in length and two in breadth Aar having three parishes and seated betwixt Alsen and Zelandt Langeland betwixt Aar and Zelandt in length 7 Dutch miles Falstre in length 8 Dutch miles vpon the South of Zelandt Lawland vpon the West of Falstre from the which it is divided by a narrow creeke of the sea besides almost infinite others whose names wee know not or which are not worth relating These Ilands are togither called by Meâ—a the Hemodes Zealandt he nameth the Iland Codanonia the greatest of the Hemodes HALLANDT LYing in the maine land of Scandia against North-Iutlandt The onely place of note is the strong castle of Warsberg SCHONEN COntaining the part of the same continent against the Iland of Zelandt Places of better note are Helsenburg a towne and castle opposite to Elsenor Lunden an Arch-bishops sea Malmuyen or Ellebogen a noted Empory vpon the Sundt against Koppen-hagen BLEKING PArt of the same continent and having vpon the West Schonen The chiefe place is Vsted THE KINGDOME OF NORWEY BOunded vpon the South with Denmarck vpon the West and North with the Ocean and vpon the East with the kingdome of Swethen from the which it is divided by a perpetuall ridge of asperous and high mountaines The sea here is exceeding deepe and affordeth plenty of good fishing The land is very large and spacious but rockie mountainous and barren full of thicke wild and vast woods cold and ill inhabited It yeeldeth but little corne and in the parts more neere to Lapland and the Pole Articke not any at all in regard of which want the inhabitants eat bread made of Stockfish It chiefly venteth abroad fish furres and skinnes of wild beasts masts raft pitch tarre and the like commodities issuing from wood The people are plaine honest louers of strangers hospitall for their ability haters of pilfering theeuing They are not suffered by the Danes to vse shipping or to export their owne merchandise out of the kingdome which profit these solely engrosse vnto themselues Their religion is the Lutheran or Protestant the same with the Danes belonging in matters Ecclesiasticall vnto the Archbishop of Trundtheim and the Bishops of Bergen Anslo Staffanger and Hammar They were sometimes commanded by Princes of their owne now by the kings of Denmarck diuided into 5 Prefectures or juridicall resorts of Bahuys Aggerhuys Bergerhuys Trundtheim
l. 3. v. T. Livij Hist. Rom. li. 5. 38. Iustini Hist. lib. 20. 24. Plutarchum in vitâ Furij Camilli Pli. Nat. Hist. lib. 3. c. 1. c. Cornelium Tacitum de moribus Germanorum de Boiis Beati Rhenani Rerum Germanicarum li. 1. 2. de Boioarijs * v. infra a Bauldwin Earle of Flanders Emperour of Constantinopl c. b William the Conquerour D of Normandye K of England c. c Henry of Lortaine first Earle of Portugall c. d Charles Duke of Aniou King of Naples and Scicily c. e Charles Martel K. of Hungary sonne to Charles the Lame K. of Naples descended from Charles D. of Aniou etc. f Guy of Lusignan king of Hierusalem afterwards of Ciprus by the guift of Richard the first K. of England g Godfrey of Buillon D. of Lorraine and king of Hierusalem etc. h v. Ant. Mag. Geog. in Gal. lia c. * v. C. Iul. Caes. com Belli Gall. lib. 6. c. 8 9. c. a Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 3. c. 4. b Baron Annal Eccl. Anno Christi 118. c v. P. Ber. Co. Rerum Germ. lib. 3. d Magdeburg Cent. 1. l. 2. c. 2. e Baron Ann. Eccles. Ann. Christi 95. f Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 5. c. 1. g v. P. Orâ—s lib. 7. cap. 19. h v. suprà i The French Aunals k Ibidem l Ibidem m Marian. de Rebus Hispan l. 12. c. 1. n Confession Wald. per Balt. Lydium o Ioach. Cam. de frat Orth. Ecclesijs c. * v. Laâ— description gouernement des Respubliques du Monde par Gabriel Chappuyâ— en France a Les Recherches de la Fran. par Estienne Pasquiet * v. Les Antiquitez Recherches de France par Andre du Chesne * v. L. Histoire de France par Bernard de Girard Seigneur du Haillan en le Roy Pharamond les Recherches de France par Estienne Pasquier a En la terre Salique aucune portion de l' haereditè nè vienne à la femme L. Histoire de France par Barnard de Girard Seigneur du Haâ—llan en le Roy Pharamond * 〈◊〉 in frâ— * v. C. lul Caes. Comment belli Gallici lib. 1. c. 3. lib. 7. cap. 4. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. cap. 7. 8. 9. Histoire de Lyon par Claude de Rubys Pauli Merulae Cosm. p. 2. l. 3. c. 4. a Iurassus Clau. Ptolomaei b Rhodanus Caesar Comm. belli Gallic lib. 1. c. 3. c. Araris Caesar. Com. bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 4. c. Isara Ptol. lib. c. 10. Druentia Pt. â—â—b 2. c. 10. f Gatumna Cae. â—om bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. g Ligeris Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 7. cap. 5. c. Sequana Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. Matrona Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. Tabuda Ptol. â— 2. cap. 9. Scalâ—is Caesar. Com. â—el Gal. l. 6. cap. 2. Plin. â—at Hist. li. 4. c. 7. Sabis Caes. Co. â—el Gal. l. 5. c. 8. m Mosa Caesar. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 5. c. 8. a Gallia Caesar Com c. Celtogalatia Ptol. Geog. l. 2 c. 7. * v. Livii Hist. l. â— Plutarch in vit Furii Camilli Claud. Marcelli C. Plin Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. l. 4. c. 17. Eutrop. lib. 3. hist. Rom. Carolum Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Consulares Iacobi Dalechampii Annotationes in lib. 3. c. 15. in lib. 4. c. 17. C. Plinii Nat. hist. b Quod placidiot esset Romano vestitu vteretur Iacobi Dalechampij Annot in l. 4. c. 17 Plin. Nat. Hist. Dionis l. 46. c Gallos traditur famâ dulcedine fruguÌ„ maximeque vini novâ cum voluptate captos Alpes transâ—jsse agrosque ab Hetruscis antea cultos possedisse T. Liv. hist. l. 5. d Rubicon hÃc fluvius quondam Italâ—ae finis C. Plin. Nat hist. l. 3. c. 15. Rubicon fluvius labitur inter Ariminum Casennam fluitque in Adriaticum mare Circa originem Rucon vel Rugon vocant cum longius provectus est mare versus Pisciatello Iacobi Dalechampii in Pli. Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. Annotationes * Strab. Geog. l. 4. Claud. Ptolem l. 2. c. 7. etâ— * v. T. Livii Hist Rom. l. 5. Caij Iul. Caes. comment bel Gallici Strab. Geog. l. 4. Luc. Flori hist. Rom l. 3. c. 2. Herodoti Clio. * v. T. Liâ— Epitom l. 61 Lu. Flor. Hist Rom. lib. 3. c. 2. Strab Geog. li. 4. Caij Iu. Caes. Com. Bel. Gal. Pomp. Mel l. 3. Plut. in vuâ Iu. Caesaris Plin. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 17 Am. Marcelliniâ— lib. 15. Cassiod Chro. Imperatoâ—bus Honor. et Theodosio Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Romanorum Iacobi Dalechampij Annotat in li. 4. c. 17. N. Hist. Plinij a Comata Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 4. c. 17. Comata quorum populi Belgae Aquitani et Celtae Pomp. Mel. li. 3. Comata sic appellata quòd incolae studiosius comam alerent Iacob Dalechampij in l. 4. c. 17. Plin. Annotationes * v. C. Iul. Caesar. Com. Bel. Gall. lib. 1. c. 1. Strab. Geog. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c. 5. l. 4. c. 17. a Ante Augustum Aquitania inter Garumnam fluvium contenta item in tres partes devisa Gallia Belgicam Celticam Aquitaniam Augustus Caesar in 4. partes Galliam devisit ita vt Celtas Narbonensi Provinciae tribueret Aquitanos eosdem cum lulio faceret ijsque auctis decem alias gentes intra Garumnam Ligerim inhabitantes reliquum in duas partes tribueret vnamque Lugduno adâ—ungeret vsque ad superiora Rheni alteram Belgis Strab. Geog. lib. 4. * v. Clau. Pt. Geog. l. 2. c. 7. Strab. l. 4. Pl. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. Pomp. Mâ—l l. 3. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gall. l. 7. c. 2. 3. 4. 28. 32. Interpretationes Montani Petri Birtij in Ptol. Geog. lib. 2. c. 7. b Aquitani vnde nomen Provinciae Plin. N. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. a Beginning after Caesar and Mela at the Garumna but according vnto Strabo Pliny and Ptolomy at the Loire * v. Claud. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 8. Strab. l. 4. Plin. N. His. l. 4. c. 1 8. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Iul. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gal. l. 1. c. 12. l. 3. c. 3. 5. lib. 5. c. 21. l. 6. c. 2. 3. 7. 8 lib. 7. c. 3. 5. 18. 19. 20. 22. 26. 27. 28. 29. 36. c. Interpret Montani P. Birtij in Claud. Ptol. lib. 2 c. 8. b Most probably extended further in regard of the strength and power of the people v. Caesar Co-Bel Gal. * v. Claud Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 9. Strab. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c 5. l. 4. c. 17. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Caes. Comment Belli Gallici lib 1 c 1 2 3 4 5. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14. 15 19. lib 2 c 2 7 8. 10 11 lib 5 c 1 lib 6 c 2. 12 lib 7 c
given by Vortigerne King of the Britons in favour of Rowena the beautifull daughter of Hengist marryed vnto Vortigerne about the yeare 455 from Christs incarnation and in the seaventh yeare after the arrival of Hengist It cōtinued for the space of 375 years after Malmesburiensis accompting from the first entrance of Hengist ending in the yeare of Christ 824 in Baldred the last prince hereof overcome and driven out by Egbert king of the West-Saxons added afterwards as a Province to the West-Saxons dominion The Kings hereof were Hengist before mentioned descended after my authour as were all the rest of the Kings of the Heptarchie from Woden a great prince amongst the German Saxons and his wife Frea in whose honour the third fift dayes of the weeke were named Wednesday Fryday by the idolatrous English continued since in the time of the Gospell vnto this present His brother Otha son Ebusa whom he had sent for out of Germany by the good liking of Vortigern to whom they pretended the defence of the country against the neighbouring Scots Picts got seazed of the Northerne parts of Britaine lying on the further side of Humber held by them their successours with the title of Dukes vnder the right fealty hereof of the kings of Kent chaunged after into the kingdome of Northumberland In his time likewise Ella Cerdic two noble Captaines of the same Nation invading the South layed the foundations of the kingdomes of Sussex the West-Saxons He deceased in the yeare 488 the first king of Kent Monarch or chiefe king of the English Saxons Eske son to Hengist From this Prince the Kentish-Saxons were called Oiscingae after Beda Octa son to Eske Ermerick after Malmesburiensis son to Octa or Otha Ethelbert son to Ermeric succeeding in the yeare 561. He recovered the Monarchy vnto the Kentish men after Hengist lost vnto the South and West-Saxons the sixt soveraigne or chiefe king of the English In his raigne the Saxons first receiued the Christian faith converted by Austine sent from Gregory Bishop of Rome He deceased in the yeare 616. Edbald son to Ethelbert Ercombert yonger son to Edbald King of Kent during the nonage of Ethelred and Ethelbert sons to Ermenred eldest son to Edbald Egbert son to Ercombert He inhumanely murthered Ethelred and Ethelbert sons to Ermenred aforesaid jealous of their better right to the kingdome of Kent Lothaire yonger son to Ercombert and brother to Egbert vsurping the kingdome in the minority of Edric son to Egbert He was slaine in fight after 11 yeares raigne by Edric in the yeare 685. Edric son to Egbert slaine against his rebellious subjects after two yeares tumultuous and vnquiet raigne After his decease the Kingdome torne with ciuill dissentions became a prey to Ceadwalla which but without successe he sought to vnite to his West-Saxon kingdome miserably wasted through his rage cruelty Withred brother to Edric son to Egbert succeeding after seauen years vacancy in the yeare 693 by the good leaue of Ina king of the West-Saxons successour to Ceadwalla whose peace he had purchased with a summe of money Edbert son to Withred Ethelbert the second son to Withred and brother to Edbert Alric brother to Edbert and Ethelbert ouer-throwne and slaine by Offa the great king of the Mercians the last king of Kent descended from Hengist After this Prince the Province miserably distressed through the wars and invasions of the Mercians became vsurped by such of the Natiues who had power to effect the same the posterity of Hengist being extinguished or excluded Ethelbert the third surnamed Pren after Alric vsurping the goverment Hee was taken prisoner and deprived by Kenulf king of the Mercians set at liberty not long after and deceasing in a private fortune Cuthred succeeding in the yeare 797 set vp by Kenulfe king of the Mercians after Etheldred Baldred vsurping the kingdom after Cuthred in the yeare 824 over-throwne in battaile and chased out by great Egbert after whom Kent was annexed to the kingdome of the West-Saxons The Kentish Dutch or Saxons were after Beda a colony of the Iutes THE KINGDOME OF THE SOVTH-SAXONS IT contained the Regni of Ptolomy or the present countreyes of Surrey and Sussex bounding vpon the South with the Brittish Ocean vpon the East with the kingdome of Kent vpon the North with the river Thames from the East-Saxons and vpon the West with the kingdome of the West-Saxons named thus from the situation thereof lying in the most Southerne part of the Iland It was begun by Ella a Saxon captaine arriuing here with new Dutch supplyes in the time of Hengist king of Kent and first Monarch of the English Concerning the exact time of Ellaes descent hither our English authours doe much vary for want of more auncient to direct them All notwithstanding or the most part agree that this hapned in the time of Hengist After about 200 yeares continuance and long oppression by the more mightie kings of the West-Saxons this state took end subdued by king Ina and incorporated into the vnion of the West-Saxon kingdome This as neither the Kentish although the first kingdomes erected by the Saxons yet came not to any growth through the bad neighbourhood of the West-Saxons Mercians and other more potent Dutch intruders comming betwixt them and the Britons The kings were Ella aforesaid arriving here about the yeare 477 after Mat. of Westminister sent for by Hengist and some years afterwards hauing vanquished the Britons in sundry fights and sacked the strong city of Anderida their chiefe fortresse about the yeare 488 taking vpon him the name and authority of king of those parts After Hengist he attained to the soueraigntie or chiefe commaund of the rest of the Saxons the second Monarch of the English Cissa son to Ella king of the South-Saxons the founder of the towne of Chichester in Sussex He lost the Monarchie or chiefe rule to Cerdic king of the West-Saxons He deceasing about the yeare 590 the kingdome fell by what right we finde not vpon Cheulin king of the West-Saxons After this time we read not of any more kings of the South-Saxons vntill Adelwold Edelwach or Ethelwolf for by all these names hee is called the first Christian King of the South-Saxons He was invaded and slaine in battaile in the yeare 687 after Mat. of Westminster by Ceadwal king of the West-Saxons the last who is named king of the South-Saxons Adelwold being slaine Berthun Authun two Dukes of the country but without the title of kings tooke vpon them the gouernment by whom for the time Ceadwal is repulsed and driven home Not long after the kingdome of the South-Saxons vnable any longer to with-stand the power of the West-Saxons is finally subdued by Ina who succeeded vnto Ceadwal added to the West-Saxon kingdome THE KINGDOME OF THE EAST-SAXONS IT contained the countrey of the Trinobantes of Caesar and Ptolemy or the present of