Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	air_n	heat_n	zone_n	15	3	12.4566	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19070	The haven of health Chiefly gathered for the comfort of students, and consequently of all those that have a care of their health, amplified upon five words of Hippocrates, written Epid. 6. Labour, cibus, potio, somnus, Venus. Hereunto is added a preservation from the pestilence, with a short censure of the late sicknes at Oxford. By Thomas Coghan Master of Arts, and Batcheler of Physicke.	Cogan, Thomas, 1545?-1607.	1636 (1636)	STC 5484; ESTC S108449	215,466	364

I say of five parts of the earth those two which lye about the Poles within the circle Articus and Antarticus through extremity of cold are inhabitable as of old time hath beene thought howbeit now certaine Ilands are discovered within the circle Articke and found to be inhabited The third and greatest part which lyeth in the middes betweene the two Tropickes by reason of the continuall course of the Sunne over it and the direct casting of the Sunne beames upon it named Torrida Zona as burned or parched with overmuch heat hath likewise beene thought inhabitable yet now found otherwise considering the greatest part of Africk well inhabited and no small portion of Asia with sundry Ilands adjoyning doe lye within this compasse yet by the judgement of Orontius a man very expert in Cosmography right under the Equinoctiall is most temperate and pleasant habitation for so he sayth Torrida inprimis quanquam assidua Solis irradiatione arescere videatur sub ipso tamen aequatore faelicissima a●ris temperatura c●teras omnes antecellit The other two parts onely of which the one lyeth Northward betweene the circle Articke and the Tropicke of Can●er the other Southward betweene the circle Antartick and the Tropicke of Cap●icorne are counted temperate and habitable regions because they are tempered with heate on the South-side and cold on the Northside Howbeit these parts also about the middest of them are most temperate For toward their utmost bounds they are distempered with heate or cold according to the Zones next adjoyned Now in the temperate Zone Northward lyeth our countrey of Brittaine After Appianus England within the eight Clime called Dia Ripheon and Scotland in the ninth called Dia Darvas or after Orontius whose judgement I rather allow England in the ninth Clyme and Scotland in the eleventh for the old division of the earth according to the latitude into seven Climates Orontius utterly rejecteth and thinketh the famous universitie and City of Paris in France to be placed about the end of the eight Clime because the latitude of the earth or elevation of the pole Articke for both are one in effect is there 48 degrees and 40 minutes The same reason doe I make for England because the pole Articke is exalted at London 51 degrees and 46 minutes and at Oxford 51 degrees and 50 minutes that therefore England should bee the ninth Clime because the distance of parallels from the Equator is after Orontius in the ninth Clinie all one with our elevation England then lyeth in the temperate Zone Northward and the ninth Climate having on the South-East side France on the North-East Norwey on the South-West Spaine on the West Ireland on the North Scotland Now concerning the temperature of the ayre in England whether it bee in a meane or doe exceed the meane in heat cold dryth or moysture shall best bee perceived by comparison of other countries Hippocrates in the end of his third booke of Prenotions setteth downe three Countries for example of temperate or untemperate aire in heate or cold that is Libya Delos and Scythia Libya or Affricke as over hot Scythia or Tartaria as over cold and the Iland Delos of Greece as meane temperate betwixt both The like comparison is made of Aristotle in the 7. booke and 7. Chapter of his Politikes Those nations saith he which inhabite cold countries are couragious but they have little wit and cunning Wherefore they live in more libertie and hardly receive good governance of the weale publike neither can they well rule their borderers And such as dwell in Asia excell in wit and art but they want audacitie for which cause they live in subjection to others But the Graecians as they have a Countrey in a meane betweene both so have they both qualities For they are both valiant and witty Whereby it commeth to passe that they live at liberty and have good government and such a state as may rule all other Hereunto I will adde the judgement of Galen that famous Physitian written in the second booke de San. tu and 7. Chapter which may be as an interpretation of Hippocrates and Aristotle The best temperature of body saith hee is as a rule of Polycletus such as in our situation being very temperate you may see many But in France Scythia Egypt or Arabia a man may not so much as dreame of any like And of our Countrey which hath no small latitude that part which lieth in the middest is most temperate as the Countrey of Hippocrates for that there VVinter Summer hath a meane temperature and at the Spring and fall of the leafe much better So that Greece by the judgment of these men is most temperate and France distempered with cold by the opinion of Galen And if France exceed the meane in cold then is not England in a perfect temperature but more declining to cold because it is three degrees and ten minutes farther North comparing Oxford and Paris together in the elevation of the Pole Artick Howbeit Iulius Caesar in the fift book of his commentaries thinketh the ayre to bee more temperate in Britaine in those places where he was than in France and the cold lesser And Polidorus Virgilius in his Chronicle of England seemeth to bee of the same minde The countrey saith he is at all times of the yeare most temperate and no extremitie of weather so that diseases be rare and therefore lesse use of Physick than elsewhere And many men all abroad doe live a hundred and ten years and some a hundred and twenty yet he thinketh the aire for the most part to be cloudy and rainy which also is confirmed by Cornelius Tacitus in the life of Iulius Agricola saying The ayre of Brittain is foule with often stormes and clouds without extremitie of cold But to reconcile these sayings of ancient authors I thinke that England may bee called temperate in heate in respect of Spaine and temperate in cold in respect of Norwey yet to be reckoned cold notwithstanding moist because it declineth from the mids of the temperate Zone Northward And this is the cause why Englishmen doe eate more and digest faster than the inhabitants of hotter countries videlicet the coldnesse of aire enclosing our bodies about And therefore wee provide that our tables may be more plentifully furnished oftentimes than theirs of other nations Which provision though it proceed chiefly of that plenty which our country yeeldeth is yet notwithstanding noted by forraine nations as of Hadrianus Barlandus in a dialogue between the Inholder and the traveller saying in this manner Ego curavero ut Anglice hoc est opulentissime pariter ac lautissime discumbant Thus much touching the situation temperature of Englād Now concerning the order of the booke Hippocrates in the sixt booke of his Epidemies setteth downe this sentence Labor Cibus Potio Somnus Venus omnia mediocri● as a short summe or forme of a mans whole life touching diet By the which words

especially if it be much eaten and if such as doe eat it be of melancholy complexion for in those saith he it breedeth melancholy diseases as cankers scabbes leprie fevers quartaines and such like And Isaak Iudaeus is of the same judgement For which cause Sco. Sal. reckoneth biefe among those ten sorts of meats that ingender melancholy and be unwholesome for sicke folkes the verses are these Persica poma pyra lac caseus caro salsa Et caro cervina leporina bovina caprina Atra haec bile nocent suntque infirmis inimica But all these authors in mine opinion have erred in that they make the biefe of all countries alike For had they eaten of the biefe of England or if they had dwelt in this our climat which through coldnesse ex antiperistasi doth fortifie digestion therfore requires stronger nourishmēt I suppose they would have iudged otherwise Yet do I not thinke it wholesome for sicke folkes but for those that be lustie and strong Or els we may say that those famous Physitians ment of old biefe or very salt biefe For there is great differēce of biefe touching age for young biefe is tender and pleasant in eating and old biefe is more tough and unsavorie Againe Oxe biefe is better than Bull biefe except it be for those that would looke big And cow biefe if it be young as Irish men thinke is better than both But by master Eliotes judgement Oxe biefe not exceeding the age of foure yeare is best of all As for veale is greatly commended in Schola Sal. because it doth nourish much for so they say Sunt nutritivae multum carnes vitulinae Whose judgement Galen approveth where he saith that the flesh of a sucking calfe of six or eight weekes old being rosted doth nourish much and is easily digested But our use is to kill calves at three weekes or a moneth old at which time they must needs bee full of superfluous moisture yet that superfluity is very well abated by rosting Therefore veale is better rosted than sodden And should be rather little ouer rosted than under For this is a generall rule in Philosophie and Physicke that meat rosted is drier than boiled Which is confirmed by Galen in these words Quae assantes aut in sartagine frigentes mandunt ea corpori siccius dant alimentum quae vero in aqua praecoquunt humidius As for salt biefe which is much used in some places of England whether it be kept in brine or hanged up in the smoke called Martlemas biefe because it is commonly killed about that time of the yeare is in the verses before alledged out of Scho Sal. reckoned unwholesome and to breed grosse and melancholie bloud And as I have often proved in my selfe is very hard of digestion Yet biefe light poudered is more wholesome than fresh biefe Because by the salt it is purified and made more savorie And this much I know that in cholericke stomackes as it is commonly in youth biefe is more conuenient than chickens and other like fine meats Because fine meats in hot stomacks be as it were over-boiled when the grosser are but duely concocted The good ordering of Biefe and other victualls I refer to good Cookes CHAP. 131. Of Mutton MVtton is commended of the most part of Physitians save Galen who saith that it maketh il iuice for so he writeth of lambe and mutton jointly Agni carnem habent humidissimam ac pituitosam Ovium vero excrementosiorest ac succi deterioris But how much Galen is deceived if hee speake generally of the Mutton of all countries experience proveth here in this realm for if it be young and of a wether it is a right temperate meat and maketh good juice And therefore it is used more than any other meat both in sickenesse and in health Yet is it not like good in all places in England Nor the sheepe which beareth the finest wooll is not the sweetest in eating nor the most tender But as Galen speaketh of all kindes of flesh so of mutton Carnes castratorum sunt praestantiores Senum autem pessimae tum ad coquendum tum ad succum ●onum generandum tum ad nutriendum Wherefore Rammes mutton I leave to those that would be rammish and old mutton to butchers that want teeth As for lambe is moist and flegmaticke and not convenient for aged men or for them which have in their stomackes much flegme except it be very dry rosted But mutton contrary to veal should be rather under rosted than over For it is seldome seene that any man hath taken harme by eating raw mutton so light and wholesome it is in digestion CHAP. 132. Of Swines flesh SWines flesh is most commended of Galen above al kinds of flesh in nourishing the body so it be not of an old swine and that it be well digested of him that eateth it And that it giveth more stedfast and strong nourishment than other meats he proveth by experience of great wrastlers who if they eat like quantity of any other meat and withal use like exercise shal feele themselves the next day following more weake than they were when they fed of Porke Moreover the flesh of a swine hath such likenesse to mans flesh both in savor and tast that some have eaten mans flesh in stead of porke Yea swines bloud and mans bloud be so like in every thing that hardly they can be discerned And the inward parts of a swine as is proved by Anatomie be very like to the inward parts of a man But notwithstanding this similitude and strong nourishment yet I thinke swines flesh no good meat for students and such as have weake stomacks to be commonly used For as that worthy Arabian Rh●zes writeth Crassa caro multum sese exercentibus convenit iis vero qui vitam in maiore otio ac quiete degunt subtilis extenuans So then it followeth that swines flesh is good whols●m for their bodies that be yong whole strong occupied in labor and not disposed to oppilations and for them that desire to be fa● But for students that flesh is better which is temperate of complexion easie of digestion and ingendereth good bloud Neither is al swines flesh so commēdable but that which is yong and best of a yeare or two old A●so better of a wilde swine than of a tame because as Galen saith the flesh of swine fed at home is more full of superfluous moysture for want of motion beside they live in a more grosse ayre than those that live wilde But our use in England is for the more part to breed our swine at home except it be for the time of mast falling for then they feed abroad in the woods which kinde of feeding in my judgement is most wholesome wherefore brawne which is of a bore long fed in ● stie can in no wise be wholesome mea● although it be young