that_o in_o a_o little_a space_n of_o time_n it_o get_v foot_v also_o with_o the_o other_o science_n in_o france_n spain_n and_o italy_n and_o in_o all_o the_o western_a part_n of_o europe_n where_o it_o have_v be_v in_o great_a use_n and_o high_a account_n as_o well_o in_o study_n as_o in_o judicatories_n ever_o since_o to_o this_o very_a age_n of_o we_o nay_o the_o civil_a law_n after_o it_o be_v once_o restore_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o have_v long_o lie_v hide_v and_o conceal_v draw_v the_o heart_n and_o study_n of_o man_n after_o it_o in_o such_o wonderful_a manner_n and_o grow_v to_o that_o mighty_a eminence_n and_o power_n that_o the_o most_o be_v intent_n upon_o the_o study_n of_o it_o and_o but_o few_o in_o comparison_n look_v after_o any_o other_o learning_n giraldus_n of_o oxford_n charge_v it_o as_o a_o fault_n upon_o the_o student_n of_o his_o time_n and_o tell_v that_o one_o martin_n a_o clergyman_n do_v sharp_o reprove_v the_o university_n of_o oxford_n at_o a_o public_a congregation_n for_o devote_v themselves_o whole_o to_o that_o study_n neglect_v all_o other_o learning_n say_v quòd_fw-la leges_fw-la imperiales_fw-la reliqua_fw-la scientias_fw-la omnes_fw-la suffocaverant_a the_o imperial_a law_n have_v swallow_v up_o all_o the_o other_o science_n also_o daniel_n morlaes_n in_o the_o same_o century_n be_v in_o henry_n the_o second_o time_n write_v that_o the_o law_n be_v so_o much_o study_v in_o oxford_n quòd_fw-la pro_fw-la titio_fw-la &_o seio_fw-la aristoteles_n &_o plato_n penitus_fw-la oblivioni_fw-la traderentur_fw-la that_o titius_n and_o seius_n be_v mind_v altogether_o and_o aristotle_n and_o plato_n be_v quite_o forget_v and_o roger_n bacon_n that_o have_v make_v himself_o eminent_a in_o all_o the_o science_n do_v upbraid_v the_o bishop_n of_o the_o same_o age_n for_o mind_v divinity_n so_o little_a add_v quòd_fw-la cavillationes_fw-la juris_fw-la defaedarent_fw-la philophiam_fw-la the_o sophistry_n of_o the_o law_n will_v corrupt_v the_o true_a philosophy_n stephen_n langton_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n take_v up_o the_o same_o complaint_n in_o henry_n the_o three_o time_n against_o the_o monk_n of_o his_o time_n qui_fw-la relicto_fw-la agro_fw-la very_fw-la booz_n nempe_fw-la sacra_fw-la scriptura_fw-la ad_fw-la alium_fw-la agrum_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la scientiam_fw-la secularem_fw-la pro_fw-la cupiditate_fw-la terrena_fw-la transirent_fw-la who_o through_o greediness_n of_o filthy_a lucre_n which_o be_v then_o to_o be_v get_v chief_a from_o the_o law_n do_v forsake_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o hunt_v after_o secular_a knowledge_n the_o like_a lamentation_n be_v make_v by_o robert_n holcot_n of_o the_o order_n of_o the_o praedicant_o in_o northamptonshire_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n leges_fw-la &_o canon_n say_v he_o istis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la innumerabiliter_fw-la sunt_fw-la foecundae_fw-la concipiunt_fw-la divitias_fw-la &_o pariunt_fw-la dignitates_fw-la ad_fw-la illas_fw-la confluunt_fw-la quasi_fw-la â—ota_fw-la multitudo_fw-la scholarum_fw-la his_fw-la diebus_fw-la the_o law_n and_o canon_n be_v immeasurable_o profitable_a in_o these_o time_n riches_n and_o honour_n spring_v from_o thence_o almost_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o scholar_n resort_v thither_o for_o indeed_o the_o great_a professor_n in_o theology_n that_o be_v do_v so_o little_a content_n themselves_o with_o that_o one_o way_n of_o advancement_n that_o they_o do_v frequent_o assume_v degree_n in_o law_n to_o fit_a and_o qualify_v they_o for_o other_o preferment_n also_o but_o sure_o it_o be_v these_o complaint_n and_o objurgation_n of_o private_a man_n can_v so_o little_o keep_v this_o luxuriant_a growth_n of_o the_o law_n from_o spread_v that_o the_o very_a edict_n and_o decree_n of_o prince_n can_v not_o bring_v it_o down_o matthew_z paris_z in_o his_o history_n upon_o the_o year_n 1254._o and_o in_o the_o addition_n pag._n 883._o edit_fw-la noviss_v make_v mention_n of_o a_o constitution_n make_v and_o publish_v by_o pope_n innocent_a the_o four_o by_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o no_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v promote_v to_o any_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n in_o france_n england_n scotland_n spain_n and_o hungary_n and_o that_o from_o thenceforward_o the_o imperial_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v read_v in_o those_o dominion_n if_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n so_o think_v fit_a pope_n honorius_n the_o three_o forbid_v the_o read_n or_o teach_v of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o paris_n in_o the_o year_n 1220._o privileg_n 1220._o ca._n super_fw-la spetuta_fw-la ext_fw-la de_fw-fr privileg_n those_o pope_n thought_n that_o the_o restraint_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n will_v be_v a_o ready_a mean_n to_o bring_v into_o request_n the_o canon_n law_n which_o be_v as_o it_o be_v but_o new_o set_v up_o upon_o design_n therefore_o to_o bring_v into_o credith_v their_o own_o ecclesiastical_a law_n rather_o than_o out_o of_o any_o dislike_n of_o the_o civil_a be_v those_o prohibitorie_a decree_n make_v however_o they_o very_o much_o fail_v of_o that_o effect_n that_o be_v intend_v they_o for_o we_o may_v have_v observe_v to_o this_o very_a time_n that_o all_o those_o christian_a state_n that_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o pope_n authority_n and_o power_n have_v so_o equal_o divide_v their_o respect_n between_o both_o those_o law_n that_o they_o have_v appoint_v to_o each_o their_o proper_a function_n design_v the_o one_o to_o be_v serviceable_a to_o civil_a matter_n the_o other_o to_o ecclesiastical_a and_o so_o by_o such_o moderation_n have_v do_v very_o equal_a right_n to_o both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v public_o read_v at_o bononia_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o lotharius_n the_o second_o it_o be_v bring_v into_o england_n by_o theobald_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o be_v public_o read_v in_o oxford_n by_o vacarius_n it_o grow_v so_o general_a a_o study_n and_o other_o learning_n be_v so_o much_o neglect_v upon_o it_o that_o king_n stephen_n incense_v thereat_o send_v forth_o a_o peremptory_a command_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v read_v in_o england_n no_o more_o that_o vacarius_n shall_v forbear_v to_o teach_v it_o any_o further_a nor_o that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o any_o to_o keep_v any_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n by_o they_o sed_fw-la parùm_fw-la valuit_fw-la stephani_fw-la prohibitio_fw-la nam_fw-la eo_fw-la magis_fw-la invaluit_fw-la virtus_fw-la legis_fw-la deo_fw-la favente_fw-la quò_fw-la eam_fw-la amplius_fw-la nitebatur_fw-la impietas_fw-la subvertere_fw-la say_v mr_n selden_n 6._o selden_n dissertat_fw-la ad_fw-la flet._n cap._n 7._o parag_n 6._o but_o king_n stephen_n prohibition_n do_v prevail_v but_o little_a for_o the_o power_n of_o the_o law_n god_n prosper_v the_o same_o wax_v the_o more_o vigorous_a when_o malice_n do_v most_o strive_v to_o destroy_v it_o charles_n the_o nine_o and_o henry_n the_o three_o of_o france_n do_v also_o by_o send_v forth_o their_o edict_n forbid_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v teach_v in_o paris_n or_o that_o any_o degree_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o that_o faculty_n philip_n the_o fair_a and_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n ancient_o do_v strait_o charge_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v dare_v in_o any_o plead_n to_o urge_v or_o cite_v the_o roman_a law_n against_o a_o special_a law_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o spain_n it_o have_v be_v make_v no_o less_o than_o a_o capital_a crime_n to_o offer_v or_o allege_v the_o roman_a law_n as_o compulsive_a or_o bind_v and_o sure_o it_o be_v a_o high_a indignity_n to_o any_o prince_n to_o have_v any_o foreign_a law_n set_v up_o against_o and_o to_o beat_v down_o his_o own_o and_o therefore_o in_o the_o erection_n of_o university_n in_o france_n the_o king_n have_v always_o declare_v that_o their_o purpose_n be_v to_o have_v the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n in_o they_o public_o profess_v and_o teach_v to_o make_v use_n thereof_o at_o their_o discretion_n but_o not_o that_o the_o subject_n shall_v be_v any_o way_n bind_v thereunto_o lest_o they_o shall_v seem_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o advance_v the_o law_n of_o stranger_n 8._o stranger_n bodin_n de_fw-fr rep_n lib._n 1._o ca._n 8._o these_o and_o such_o like_a edict_n &_o declaration_n of_o prince_n have_v be_v always_o of_o full_a force_n and_o power_n as_o most_o just_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v to_o limit_v the_o vast_a and_o universal_a power_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o get_v above_o and_o prevail_v over_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o territory_n for_o that_o be_v no_o less_o than_o to_o worship_v two_o sun_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o firmament_n and_o to_o call_v in_o the_o roman_a sovereignty_n which_o be_v long_o ago_o cast_v off_o but_o that_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v not_o be_v study_v public_o teach_v no_o degree_n take_v in_o it_o nor_o cite_v in_o their_o judicatories_n in_o a_o ministerial_a and_o subordinate_a way_n to_o their_o own_o municipal_a law_n and_o custom_n or_o that_o
book_n have_v by_o variety_n of_o proof_n so_o sufficient_o make_v it_o good_a already_o but_o yet_o it_o be_v worth_a the_o set_n down_o what_o some_o of_o our_o own_o countryman_n have_v in_o their_o writing_n acknowledge_v to_o the_o very_a same_o purpose_n and_o those_o especial_o among_o the_o rest_n who_o interest_n and_o high_a valuation_n which_o they_o pass_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o their_o own_o country_n will_v not_o permit_v they_o to_o ascribe_v more_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n than_o the_o just_a truth_n will_v bear_v and_o it_o be_v most_o observable_a what_o king_n james_n himself_o the_o learnede_a of_o all_o modern_a prince_n say_v here_o in_o a_o speech_n make_v to_o no_o less_o solemn_a assembly_n than_o his_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o parliament_n 1609._o parliament_n 21._o martii_fw-la 1609._o which_o we_o have_v extant_a among_o his_o print_a work_n as_o a_o king_n say_v he_o i_o have_v least_o cause_n of_o any_o man_n to_o dislike_v the_o common-law_n for_o no_o law_n can_v be_v more_o favourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o a_o king_n and_o extend_v further_o his_o prerogative_n than_o it_o do_v and_o for_o a_o king_n of_o england_n to_o despise_v the_o the_o common-law_n it_o be_v to_o neglect_v his_o own_o crown_n yet_o say_v he_o i_o do_v great_o esteem_v the_o civil_a law_n the_o profession_n thereof_o serve_v more_o for_o general_a learning_n and_o be_v most_o necessary_a for_o matter_n of_o treaty_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n and_o i_o think_v that_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v take_v away_o it_o will_v make_v a_o entry_n to_o barbarism_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o will_v blemish_v the_o honour_n of_o england_n for_o it_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n lex_fw-la gentium_fw-la and_o maintain_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a nation_n but_o i_o only_o allow_v it_o to_o have_v course_n here_o according_a to_o those_o limit_n of_o jurisdiction_n which_o the_o common-law_n itself_o do_v allow_v it_o and_o therefore_o though_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o the_o general_a government_n of_o the_o people_n here_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v it_o shall_v be_v extinct_a no_o more_o then_o because_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v not_o the_o mother_n or_o radical_a language_n of_o any_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n at_o this_o time_n that_o therefore_o the_o english_a tongue_n shall_v only_o now_o be_v learn_v in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o be_v to_o bring_v in_o barbarism_n and_o in_o another_o speech_n in_o star-chamber_n 1616._o star-chamber_n 20_o jun._n 1616._o print_v also_o god_n forbid_v say_v he_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n intend_v thereby_o chief_o the_o civil_a law_n shall_v be_v bar_v in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o for_o two_o cause_n one_o because_o it_o be_v a_o law_n to_o satisfy_v stranger_n which_o will_v not_o hold_v themselves_o so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o other_o municipal_a law_n another_o to_o satisfy_v our_o own_o subject_n in_o matter_n of_o piracy_n marriage_n will_n and_o thing_n of_o like_a nature_n and_o again_o when_o he_o be_v so_o mighty_o press_v to_o have_v have_v a_o union_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n under_o the_o same_o policy_n of_o law_n as_o they_o have_v but_o one_o and_o the_o same_o king_n in_o a_o speech_n make_v upon_o that_o subject_n 1607._o subject_n ult._n mart._n 1607._o extant_a in_o his_o print_a work_n he_o tell_v his_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n that_o in_o point_n of_o conjunction_n of_o nation_n the_o civil_a law_n ought_v to_o bear_v a_o great_a sway_n it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n these_o be_v the_o expression_n of_o a_o king_n the_o interest_n of_o who_o crown_n and_o sceptre_n and_o the_o prerogative_n thereunto_o belong_v do_v depend_v upon_o the_o favour_n of_o another_o law_n and_o yet_o he_o positive_o and_o in_o downright_a term_n in_o the_o face_n of_o all_o his_o people_n avow_v the_o civil_a law_n to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o that_o all_o transaction_n of_o treaty_n and_o of_o trade_n with_o foreign_a nation_n be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o reason_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o authority_n thereof_o be_v so_o great_a in_o the_o esteem_n of_o stranger_n that_o they_o will_v rest_v satisfy_v therewith_o when_o no_o municipal_a law_n can_v satisfy_v they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o aver_v also_o that_o when_o the_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v exterminate_v that_o law_n which_o must_v needs_o be_v when_o the_o practice_n thereof_o be_v quite_o take_v away_o or_o thrust_v into_o a_o poor_a narrow_a compass_n their_o honour_n will_v be_v obscure_v and_o they_o will_v be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v overrun_v with_o barbarism_n it_o be_v never_o so_o well_o worth_a the_o observe_n as_o at_o this_o present_a time_n and_o it_o clear_o show_v that_o wise_a and_o learned_a king_n do_v perfect_o understand_v the_o true_a use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n for_o as_o the_o language_n thereof_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o mean_n to_o maintain_v learning_n which_o do_v civilize_v &_o soften_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n so_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o learning_n with_o the_o which_o the_o matter_n of_o it_o do_v not_o correspond_v and_o participate_v but_o above_o all_o it_o do_v afford_v more_o and_o better_a rule_n for_o civil_a live_n and_o orderly_a conversation_n among_o man_n and_o for_o righteous_a deal_n each_o with_o other_o than_o any_o other_o study_n or_o learning_n whatsoever_o but_o this_o practice_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o foreign_a part_n be_v yet_o better_o confirm_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o those_o who_o study_v and_o profess_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v always_o jealous_a of_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o this_o nation_n for_o though_o they_o have_v desire_v to_o keep_v it_o low_o here_o for_o what_o reason_n i_o need_v not_o mention_v yet_o some_o of_o they_o have_v free_o enough_o own_v how_o much_o it_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_v in_o other_o country_n sir_n francis_n bacon_n in_o his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a to_o the_o queen_n set_v before_o his_o maxim_n of_o law_n after_o he_o have_v tell_v the_o queen_n that_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n do_v glorious_o and_o yet_o apt_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n proprium_fw-la &_o sanctissimum_fw-la templum_fw-la justitiae_fw-la consecratum_fw-la a_o true_a and_o a_o most_o sacred_a temple_n consecrate_v unto_o justice_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o work_n of_o great_a excellency_n indeed_o as_o may_v well_o appear_v in_o that_o france_n italy_n and_o spain_n who_o have_v long_o since_o shake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n do_v yet_o nevertheless_o continue_v to_o use_v the_o policy_n of_o that_o law_n my_o lord_n ellesmere_n chancellor_n of_o england_n as_o sir_n francis_n bacon_n be_v in_o his_o speech_n of_o the_o postnati_n do_v express_o deliver_v that_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v take_v to_o be_v the_o most_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n in_o the_o world_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n himself_o lord_n chief_a justice_n of_o england_n and_o afterward_o lord_n chancellor_n in_o king_n henry_n the_o sixth_n day_n in_o his_o book_n wherein_o he_o do_v so_o high_o magnify_v and_o commend_v the_o law_n england_n above_o the_o civil_a law_n yet_o he_o can_v say_v 9_o say_v de_fw-fr laud._n legum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ca._n 9_o that_o civiles_fw-la supra_fw-la humanas_fw-la cunctas_fw-la leges_fw-la alius_fw-la fama_fw-la per_fw-la orbem_fw-la extollit_fw-la gloriosa_fw-la the_o civil_a law_n throughout_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v advance_v in_o glory_n and_o renown_n above_o all_o other_o man_n law_n fulbeck_n also_o another_o of_o the_o same_o profession_n and_o of_o great_a learning_n do_v agree_v with_o the_o former_a in_o these_o word_n reader_n word_n in_o his_o parallel_n part_n 1._o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n the_o roman_a law_n say_v he_o in_o the_o time_n of_o arcadius_n theodosius_n and_o justinian_n recover_v their_o strength_n and_o shine_v to_o all_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o europe_n as_o the_o sun_n to_o all_o the_o climate_n of_o the_o earth_n have_v for_o their_o worthiness_n and_o necessary_a use_n and_o employment_n receive_v entertainment_n countenance_n and_o great_a reward_n of_o emperor_n king_n and_o prince_n likewise_o mr_n sâ—lden_n a_o graduate_n in_o the_o common-law_n but_o a_o great_a student_n in_o all_o learning_n and_o one_o that_o seem_v to_o have_v search_v narrow_o into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o it_o have_v stand_v in_o use_n and_o request_n in_o other_o country_n as_o well_o as_o in_o england_n in_o all_o time_n in_o his_o additional_a discourse_n upon_o fleta_n whole_o spend_v upon_o that_o subject_n own_v the_o entertainment_n and_o use_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o the_o western_a country_n of_o europe_n that_o have_v leave_v to_o acknowledge_v the_o roman_a empire_n long_o before_o for_o in_o that_o discourse_n 4._o discourse_n ca._n
minister_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n severe_o command_v to_o do_v it_o by_o the_o late_a act_n before_o mention_v where_o the_o doubt_n so_o it_o be_v call_v there_o about_o the_o coercive_a power_n in_o ecclesiastical_a court_n be_v clear_v and_o take_v away_o one_o proviso_n be_v that_o that_o act_n nor_o any_o thing_n therein_o contain_v shall_v extend_v or_o be_v construe_v to_o extend_v to_o give_v unto_o any_o archbishop_n or_o bishop_n or_o any_o other_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n etc._n etc._n any_o power_n or_o authority_n to_o exercise_v etc._n etc._n if_o any_o be_v peccant_a that_o way_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v amend_v another_o proviso_n forbid_v any_o archbishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n to_o tender_a or_o administer_v unto_o any_o person_n the_o oath_n usual_o call_v the_o oath_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la or_o any_o other_o oath_n whereby_o such_o person_n to_o who_o the_o same_o be_v tender_v or_o administer_v may_v be_v charge_v or_o compel_v to_o confess_v or_o accuse_v or_o to_o purge_v he_o or_o herself_o of_o any_o criminal_a matter_n or_o thing_n whereby_o he_o or_o she_o may_v be_v liable_a to_o any_o censure_n or_o punishment_n this_o be_v now_o forbid_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n every_o subject_a aught_o to_o give_v obedience_n therein_o but_o some_o now_o insult_v and_o upbraid_v the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n that_o all_o this_o while_n they_o have_v oppress_v the_o subject_a with_o that_o proceed_n which_o the_o parliament_n have_v take_v away_o renew_v the_o old_a cry_n in_o queen_n elizabeth_n time_n and_o ever_o since_o against_o such_o proceed_n which_o never_o till_o now_o i_o always_o except_v what_o be_v do_v in_o the_o late_a time_n of_o usurp_a government_n be_v legal_o prohibit_v though_o i_o be_o far_o from_o question_v the_o reason_n whereupon_o that_o act_n pass_v but_o do_v humble_o submit_v to_o it_o both_o in_o word_n and_o practice_n yet_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v allow_v to_o make_v some_o defence_n against_o such_o person_n as_o so_o tax_v such_o proceed_n before_o the_o pass_n of_o this_o act._n and_o herein_o i_o shall_v follow_v that_o most_o able_a civilian_n richard_n cousin_n doctor_n of_o the_o law_n and_o dean_n of_o the_o arch_n in_o that_o his_o apology_n for_o sundry_a proceed_n by_o jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a etc._n etc._n mr._n cambden_n as_o before_o mention_n he_o with_o honour_n as_o sure_o he_o well_o deserve_v and_o that_o work_n of_o he_o if_o nothing_o else_o evince_v it_o mr._n swinburn_n in_o that_o work_n of_o he_o of_o last_o will_n and_o testament_n print_v at_o london_n for_o the_o company_n of_o stationer_n 1611._o in_o the_o first_o part_n sect_n 6._o numb_a 8._o fol._n 17._o write_v thus_o of_o he_o and_o of_o that_o work_n of_o he_o that_o apology_n i_o find_v say_v he_o write_v by_o that_o learned_a and_o no_o less_o religious_a man_n doctor_z cousin_n at_o i_o take_v it_o in_o that_o worthy_a work_n entitle_v a_o apology_n for_o sundry_a proceed_n by_o jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a etc._n etc._n and_o so_o he_o go_v on_o upon_o this_o subject_n he_o have_v write_v so_o full_o that_o i_o believe_v little_o can_v be_v add_v to_o it_o and_o if_o any_o shall_v go_v about_o it_o except_v such_o addition_n as_o well_o may_v be_v add_v by_o reason_n of_o some_o emergency_n since_o the_o time_n he_o write_v and_o some_o other_o addition_n and_o explication_n not_o derogatory_n from_o he_o they_o will_v be_v force_v very_o much_o to_o plough_v with_o his_o heifer_n which_o will_v but_o look_v too_o much_o like_o a_o plagiary_n i_o can_v wish_v the_o book_n be_v reprint_v and_o haply_o it_o will_v be_v so_o which_o may_v serve_v for_o topic_n to_o this_o subject_n for_o as_o all_o the_o poet_n after_o homer_n be_v say_v to_o drink_v of_o his_o fountain_n according_a to_o that_o picture_n or_o statue_n of_o he_o that_o denote_v as_o much_o with_o that_o inscription_n ridet_fw-la anhelantem_fw-la post_fw-la se_fw-la vestigia_fw-la turbam_fw-la even_o so_o must_v i_o conceive_v all_o do_v from_o doctor_n cousin_n that_o shall_v write_v upon_o this_o subject_n i_o be_v upon_o epitomize_v that_o apology_n of_o he_o and_o have_v make_v some_o progress_n therein_o but_o upon_o second_o thought_n desist_v think_v it_o better_a to_o refer_v the_o reader_n to_o he_o rather_o than_o to_o adventure_v to_o abbreviate_v he_o and_o thereby_o perhaps_o wrong_v he_o a_o offence_n that_o too_o many_o epitomizer_n be_v guilty_a of_o therefore_o i_o say_v i_o shall_v only_o make_v use_n of_o some_o note_n as_o confess_v arrow_n out_o of_o his_o quiver_n and_o sip_v of_o some_o other_o elsewhere_o and_o point_v the_o reader_n to_o his_o full_a stream_n where_o any_o that_o list_n may_v drink_v their_o fill_n upon_o these_o word_n in_o the_o late_a act_n provide_v that_o this_o act._n nor_o anything_o therein_o contain_v shall_v extend_v or_o be_v construe_v to_o extend_v or_o give_v unto_o any_o archbishop_n bishop_n etc._n etc._n any_o power_n or_o authority_n to_o exercise_n or_o execute_v etc._n etc._n any_o jurisdiction_n which_o they_o may_v not_o have_v do_v before_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1639._o or_o to_o abridge_v or_o diminish_v the_o king_n majesty_n supremacy_n in_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n or_o affair_n nor_o to_o confirm_v the_o canon_n make_v in_o the_o year_n 1640._o i_o say_v upon_o these_o word_n some_o be_v ready_a mistake_v questionless_a the_o word_n and_o meaning_n of_o that_o act_n to_o renew_v that_o old_a explode_a opinion_n or_o rather_o groundless_a fancy_n that_o a_o several_a royal_a assent_n to_o the_o execute_n of_o every_o particular_a canon_n be_v require_v hereto_o doctor_n cousin_n answer_v that_o admit_v this_o be_v true_a than_o all_o the_o other_o opinion_n of_o those_o that_o oppugn_v the_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a stand_n in_o no_o stead_n and_o may_v be_v spare_v because_o this_o will_v cut_v off_o all_o at_o once_o for_o none_o that_o exercise_v ordinary_a jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a have_v it_o in_o particularity_n which_o by_o the_o oppugner_n seem_v to_o be_v mean_v otherwise_o then_o by_o permission_n of_o law_n to_o every_o of_o their_o proceed_n and_o impossible_a be_v it_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o infinity_n of_o it_o and_o troublesomeness_n to_o procure_v such_o particular_a assent_n to_o the_o execution_n of_o every_o canon_n his_o majesty_n delegate_n when_o appeal_n be_v make_v to_o his_o majesty_n in_o chancery_n will_v signify_v nothing_o can_v not_o exercise_v the_o power_n to_o they_o delegated_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o want_n of_o such_o particular_a assent_n and_o it_o be_v a_o gross_a absurdity_n to_o grant_v as_o even_o the_o oppugner_n and_o innovator_n do_v that_o testamentary_a and_o matrimonial_a cause_n be_v of_o ecclesiastical_a cognizance_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o rest_n of_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n and_o yet_o can_v by_o reason_n of_o this_o want_n be_v dispatch_v nor_o can_v be_v deal_v in_o by_o any_o other_o authority_n according_a to_o any_o law_n in_o force_n this_o will_v speak_v a_o defect_n in_o the_o public_a government_n that_o the_o subject_n shall_v have_v a_o right_n but_o no_o likely_a or_o ready_a mean_a to_o come_v by_o it_o and_o great_a offence_n by_o law_n punishable_a and_o yet_o no_o man_n sufficient_o authorize_v to_o execute_v these_o law_n since_o the_o abrogation_n of_o papal_a pretend_a supremacy_n when_o the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n of_o be_v supreme_a governor_n over_o all_o person_n within_o their_o dominion_n as_o well_o in_o all_o spiritual_a or_o ecclesiastical_a thing_n or_o cause_n as_o temporal_a and_o that_o no_o foreign_a prince_n person_n prelate_n state_n or_o potentate_n have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v any_o jurisdiction_n power_n superiority_n preeminence_n or_o authority_n ecclesiastical_a or_o spiritual_a within_o this_o realm_n and_o so_o forth_o as_o in_o the_o act_n and_o the_o oath_n since_o these_o right_n be_v as_o it_o be_v ex_fw-la postliminio_fw-la restore_v and_o declare_v to_o have_v be_v as_o they_o ever_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n many_o law_n have_v be_v make_v in_o several_a parliament_n for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o more_o effectual_a execution_n thereof_o and_o some_o of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n be_v enlarge_v alter_v and_o explain_v 8.19_o explain_v 25_o h._n 8.19_o the_o statute_n for_o delegate_n upon_o appeal_n 8.7_o appeal_n 27_o h_n 8_o 130._o 32_o h_o 8.7_o not_o long_o after_o two_o statue_n for_o assistance_n of_o ordinary_a ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o for_o the_o speedy_a recovery_n of_o tithe_n in_o court_n ecclesiastical_a 19_o ecclesiastical_a 34_o &_o 35_o h._n 8_o 19_o the_o like_a for_o the_o recovery_n of_o pension_n procuration_n etc._n etc._n 2._o etc._n 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 2._o in_o the_o time_n of_o edw._n 6._o
in_o a_o statute_n since_o repeal_v by_o queen_n mary_n a_o great_a number_n of_o particular_a cause_n of_o jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a be_v there_o by_o the_o way_n rehearse_v that_o ordinary_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n might_n and_o do_v then_o put_v in_o execution_n so_o 1_o mar._n c._n 3._o 1_o eliz._n c._n 1._o 5_o eliz_n c._n 23_o &_o 9_o that_o perjury_n or_o subornation_n in_o a_o court_n ecclesiastical_a shall_v and_o may_v be_v punish_v by_o such_o usual_a and_o ordinary_a law_n as_o heretofore_o have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v use_v and_o frequent_v in_o the_o say_v ecclesiastical_a court_n which_o prove_v the_o usual_a practice_n of_o jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a hitherto_o use_v without_o any_o special_a assent_n to_o be_v lawful_a so_o 13_o eliz._n c._n 4._o etc._n etc._n 10._o and_o many_o more_o in_o the_o same_o queen_n time_n and_o king_n james_n and_z king_n charles_n the_o first_o that_o bless_a king_n and_o martyr_n i_o say_v many_o be_v the_o law_n that_o have_v be_v make_v for_o the_o strengthen_n of_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o more_o effectual_a execution_n of_o it_o and_o some_o of_o these_o law_n be_v enlarge_v alter_v and_o explain_v but_o never_o be_v there_o any_o law_n custom_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n that_o require_v a_o several_a royal_a assent_n to_o the_o execute_n of_o every_o particular_a canon_n many_o be_v the_o reason_n which_o dr._n cousin_n give_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o his_o apology_n against_o that_o particular_a assent_n wherein_o he_o show_v his_o great_a candour_n and_o ingenuity_n and_o desire_v to_o give_v abundant_a satisfaction_n to_o all_o opponent_n though_o never_o so_o unreasonable_a that_o be_v it_o not_o as_o clear_v as_o the_o noon-tide_n light_n that_o no_o such_o particular_a assent_n be_v needful_a some_o may_v think_v that_o he_o fear_v his_o cause_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o say_v that_o desensio_fw-la nimis_fw-la operosa_fw-la reatum_fw-la quasi_fw-la arguit_fw-la but_o touch_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n there_o needs_o i_o conceive_v no_o more_o be_v say_v then_o what_o be_v express_v in_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n 25_o h._n 8.19_o the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n that_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_n before_o that_o statute_n be_v thereby_o establish_v thus_o provide_v that_o such_o canon_n constitution_n ordinance_n and_o synod_n provincial_a be_v already_o make_v which_o be_v not_o contrariant_n nor_o repugnant_a to_o the_o law_n statute_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n nor_o to_o the_o damage_n or_o hurt_v of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n royal_a shall_v now_o still_o be_v use_v and_o execrate_v as_o they_o be_v before_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o be_v view_v etc._n etc._n by_o the_o 32._o person_n mention_v in_o that_o act_n which_o be_v not_o yet_o do_v the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n which_o have_v be_v make_v since_o that_o act_n and_o all_o that_o ever_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v make_v so_o long_o as_o that_o statute_n stand_v in_o force_n the_o requisite_n in_o that_o act_n be_v observe_v be_v thereby_o i_o conceive_v confirm_v or_o to_o be_v confirm_v the_o submission_n and_o petition_n of_o the_o clergy_n mention_v in_o that_o act_n be_v that_o they_o will_v not_o enact_v or_o put_v in_o ure_n any_o new_a canon_n etc._n etc._n in_o their_o convocation_n without_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n and_o authority_n in_o that_o behalf_n there_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o convocation_n in_o the_o time_n come_v shall_v always_o be_v assemble_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n write_v and_o that_o the_o clergy_n must_v have_v the_o king_n most_o royal_a assent_n and_o licence_n to_o make_v promulge_fw-mi and_o execute_v such_o canon_n constitution_n and_o ordinance_n provincial_a and_o synodal_n else_o they_o may_v not_o enact_v promulge_v or_o constitute_v any_o such_o canon_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o course_n have_v ever_o since_o be_v observe_v every_o convocation_n call_v by_o his_o majesty_n writ_n and_o the_o clergy_n have_v especial_a licence_n from_o his_o majesty_n to_o enact_v such_o canon_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o execute_v they_o the_o provision_n follow_v be_v observe_v which_o be_v this_o provide_v that_o no_o canon_n constuurion_n or_o ordinance_n shall_v be_v make_v or_o put_v in_o execution_n in_o this_o realm_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o convocation_n of_o the_o clergy_n which_o shall_v be_v contrariant_n or_o repugnant_a to_o the_o prerogative_n royal_a or_o the_o custom_n law_n or_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n any_o thing_n contain_v in_o that_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_a thereof_o notwithstanding_o if_o any_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n contrary_a to_o this_o proviso_n and_o contrary_a to_o any_o after-act_n of_o parliament_n whereby_o his_o majesty_n have_v further_a power_n acknowledge_v in_o cause_n ecclesiastical_a then_o it_o be_v illegal_a but_o that_o be_v much_o soon_o allege_v than_o prove_v the_o particular_a ecclesiastical_a law_n in_o force_n have_v by_o dr._n cousin_n and_o other_o be_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v i_o humble_o conceive_v in_o case_n any_o jurisdiction_n ecclesiastical_a or_o civil_a within_o this_o realm_n be_v not_o derive_v or_o claim_v from_o the_o crown_n as_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o it_o at_o least_o then_o the_o former_a objection_n be_v of_o force_n but_o another_o act_n of_o parliament_n 8_o eliz._n c._n 1._o show_v the_o contrary_a sufficient_o where_o all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n be_v acknowledge_v unite_v to_o the_o crown_n as_o there_o full_o and_o that_o very_a clause_n 1_o eliz._n 1._o together_o with_o his_o majesty_n letter_n patent_n direct_v forth_o for_o confirm_v archbishop_n and_o bishop_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o preamble_n thereof_o as_o a_o strong_a proof_n without_o scruple_n or_o ambiguity_n that_o the_o authority_n and_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o clergy_n execute_v be_v thereby_o give_v they_o from_o her_o majesty_n this_o also_o be_v there_o nothing_o else_o be_v sufficient_a to_o entitle_v they_o the_o king_n majesty_n ecclesiastical_a law_n as_o well_o as_o other_o law_n be_v call_v the_o king_n majesty_n law_n but_o they_o be_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n call_v the_o king_n and_o the_o queen_n ecclesiastical_a law_n 1_o eliz._n c._n 2._o 5_o eliz._n c._n 25._o 25_o h._n 8.27_o etc._n etc._n and_o even_o by_o the_o note_n gatherer_n that_o great_a oppugner_n against_o who_o the_o doctor_n write_v they_o be_v call_v the_o ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o england_n and_o in_o this_o late_a act_n above_o mention_v they_o be_v call_v the_o king_n majesty_n ecclesiastical_a law_n yet_o for_o execute_v of_o these_o law_n by_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n what_o out-cry_n be_v make_v against_o they_o especial_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o late_a long_a panliament_n by_o his_o late_a majesty_n of_o bless_a memory_n call_v the_o black_a parliament_n summa_fw-la imis_fw-la miscendo_fw-la and_o what_o favour_n be_v then_o afford_v to_o those_o boutefeu_n as_o we_o have_v since_o have_v sad_a experience_n of_o they_o god_n grant_v we_o may_v be_v cafeful_a of_o they_o for_o the_o future_a i_o be_o unwilling_a to_o recite_v ecclesiastical_a judge_n be_v not_o only_o tie_v by_o their_o office_n and_o 1604._o and_o canon_n 117._o canon_n &_o constitut_n 1604._o oath_n but_o at_o least_o in_o some_o particular_n for_o which_o they_o have_v though_o most_o unjust_o be_v much_o clamour_v against_o be_v most_o severe_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n charge_v to_o see_v the_o execution_n of_o if_o not_o of_o other_o too_o yet_o of_o one_o especial_a ecclesiastical_a law_n for_o their_o care_n wherein_o some_o of_o they_o have_v be_v well-nigh_o ruin_v that_o be_v that_o according_a to_o that_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1_o eliz._n c._n 2._o for_o uniformity_n of_o prayer_n and_o administration_n of_o sacrament_n every_o person_n shall_v diligent_o and_o faithful_o resort_v to_o their_o parish_n church_n or_o chappel_n where_o common_a prayer_n and_o such_o service_n of_o god_n shall_v be_v use_v upon_o every_o sunday_n and_o other_o day_n ordain_v and_o use_v to_o be_v keep_v as_o holiday_n and_o then_o and_o there_o to_o abide_v orderly_o and_o sober_o during_o the_o time_n of_o common_a prayer_n preach_v or_o other_o service_n of_o god_n to_o be_v use_v and_o minister_v etc._n etc._n then_o follow_v thus_o and_o for_o due_a execution_n hereof_o the_o queen_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o all_o the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v do_v in_o god_n name_n earnest_o require_v and_o charge_v all_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o ordinary_n that_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v themselves_o to_o the_o utmost_a of_o their_o knowledge_n that_o the_o due_a and_o true_a execution_n hereof_o may_v be_v have_v throughout_o their_o diocese_n and_o charge_n as_o they_o will_v answer_v before_o god_n for_o such_o evil_n and_o
be_v write_v about_o that_o ridiculous_a contradiction_n in_o adjecto_fw-la of_o the_o two_o house_n coordination_n with_o the_o king_n the_o monarch_n when_o as_o before_o be_v specify_v the_o king_n be_v the_o head_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o the_o three_o estate_n by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n specify_v lippis_fw-la &_o tonsoribus_fw-la notum_fw-la yet_o urge_v for_o design_n mischievous_a abominable_o as_o we_o have_v feel_v as_o also_o that_o traitorous_a distinction_n of_o the_o spenser_n treason_n spensers_n treason_n betwixt_o the_o king_n person_n and_o office_n by_o two_o act_n of_o parliament_n declare_v treason_n yet_o in_o these_o late_a time_n maintain_v by_o too_o many_o goodwin_n book_n for_o the_o justification_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o late_a king_n and_o many_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n king_n goodwin_n book_n justify_v the_o murder_n of_o the_o king_n mr._n buck_n book_n of_o richard_n the_o three_o wherein_o he_o seem_v to_o impugn_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n from_o the_o daughter_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o four_o wife_z to_z king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 3_o mr._n buck_n book_n of_o richard_n 3_o too_o much_o lean_v to_o if_o not_o affirm_v richard_n the_o three_o right_n by_o that_o monstrous_a act_n of_o parliament_n that_o illegitimate_v edward_n the_o fourth_n issue_n in_o sir_n edward_n cook_n book_n entitle_v the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n write_n sir_n edw._n cook_n write_n concern_v high_a treason_n and_o other_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 1658._o print_a at_o london_n by_o m._n flesher_n for_o w._n lee_n and_o d._n pakeman_n §_o le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr pag._n 7._o he_o put_v it_o down_o there_o for_o law_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o de_fw-fr proditionibus_fw-la that_o if_o treason_n be_v commit_v against_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o non_fw-fr de_fw-fr jure_fw-la and_o after_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la come_v to_o the_o crown_n he_o shall_v punish_v the_o treason_n do_v to_o the_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o a_o pardon_v grant_v by_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la that_o be_v not_o also_o the_o facto_fw-la be_v void_a strange_a will_v have_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o this_o if_o cromwell_n have_v be_v make_v king_n as_o some_o desire_a and_o a_o loyal_a man_n shall_v have_v kill_v he_o in_o order_n to_o the_o restitution_n of_o the_o true_a king_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la our_o dread_a sovereign_a king_n charles_n the_o second_o or_o shall_v a_o loyal_a man_n for_o the_o same_o end_n have_v kill_v he_o though_o he_o have_v but_o &_o de_fw-la facto_fw-la non_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la the_o title_n of_o protector_n how_o far_o will_v that_o have_v extend_v by_o the_o word_n in_o the_o same_o §_o may_v be_v consider_v where_o he_o say_v that_o statute_n of_o e._n 3._o be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o king_n regnant_a and_o as_o follow_v there_o and_o as_o he_o say_v most_o true_o a_o queen_n regnant_a be_v within_o these_o word_n nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr for_o she_o have_v the_o office_n of_o a_o king_n so_o perhaps_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v examine_v whether_o some_o of_o note_n and_o power_n in_o the_o time_n of_o cromwell_n usurpation_n do_v not_o affirm_v that_o cromwell_n be_v within_o these_o word_n nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy._n in_o regard_n sir_n edward_n cook_n write_n be_v by_o many_o hold_v in_o high_a repute_n and_o some_o have_v not_o stick_v to_o style_v he_o the_o oracle_n of_o the_o law_n therefore_o his_o write_n require_v to_o be_v more_o strict_o look_v into_o and_o that_o if_o any_o error_n be_v find_v therein_o they_o may_v be_v detect_v and_o expunge_v as_o be_v more_o dangerous_a then_o in_o other_o man_n write_n not_o of_o so_o great_a repute_n corruptio_fw-la optimi_fw-la est_fw-la pessima_fw-la also_o it_o be_v advise_v speech_n illegal_a and_o seditious_a speech_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a that_o such_o speech_n as_o have_v be_v public_o make_v by_o any_o judge_n or_o note_a lawyer_n upon_o the_o bench_n or_o in_o any_o public_a assembly_n against_o the_o regal_a or_o subject_n right_o or_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o may_v give_v just_a offence_n to_o our_o neighbour_n may_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o and_o public_o declare_v against_o such_o we_o that_o when_o that_o act_n of_o 25_o e._n 3._o be_v allege_v to_o justify_v cromwell_n usurpation_n and_o that_o seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr in_o that_o statute_n include_v cromwell_n the_o usurp_a protector_n and_o that_o speech_n of_o a_o great_a lawyer_n at_o the_o trial_n of_o the_o portugal_n ambassador_n brother_n when_o it_o be_v allege_v that_o he_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n to_o be_v send_v back_o cum_fw-la postulatu_fw-la to_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o portugal_n to_o be_v by_o he_o punish_v for_o his_o offence_n commit_v here_o and_o that_o that_o commission_n for_o try_v he_o here_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o portugal_n ambassador_n be_v the_o first_o commission_n that_o ever_o be_v grant_v here_o to_o try_v any_o ambassador_n or_o his_o servant_n without_o the_o ambassador_n consent_n even_o the_o bishop_n of_o ross_n ambassador_z from_z marry_o queen_n of_o scotland_n though_o she_o be_v de_fw-la facto_fw-la depose_v or_o force_v to_o renounce_v the_o crown_n there_o when_o he_o have_v commit_v a_o great_a offence_n yet_o be_v only_o dismiss_v and_o not_o further_o question_v but_o to_o all_o this_o and_o much_o more_o that_o lawyer_n reply_v what_o have_v we_o to_o do_v with_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n if_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n one_o pretend_v afterward_o to_o excuse_v he_o and_o that_o he_o speak_v but_o according_a to_o the_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n of_o 21_o h._n 8.21_o where_o it_o be_v say_v we_o be_v free_a from_o any_o subjection_n to_o any_o man_n law_n but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o have_v be_v devise_v make_v and_o ordain_v within_o this_o realm_n for_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n which_o word_n be_v intend_v against_o the_o papal_a usurpation_n impose_v law_n upon_o we_o as_o also_o if_o it_o be_v think_v fit_v wight_n the_o illegal_a preface_n to_o the_o proposition_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n that_o that_o preface_n to_o the_o proposition_n send_v by_o the_o house_n to_o the_o late_a king_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n which_o seem_v to_o strike_v at_o if_o not_o to_o take_v away_o the_o king_n negative_a voice_n in_o parliament_n express_o contrary_a to_o many_o act_n of_o parliament_n the_o king_n most_o know_v prerogative_n and_o the_o most_o know_a custom_n and_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v declare_v illegal_a and_o derogatory_n to_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n and_o just_a right_n as_o also_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_v word_n rectify_v of_o translation_n of_o some_o word_n that_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o rom._n 13.1_o to_o high_a power_n alter_v to_o the_o supreme_a power_n for_o so_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 1_o pet._n 2.13_o be_v translate_v whether_o to_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a the_o two_o house_n and_o power_n inferior_a many_o degree_n to_o they_o have_v by_o some_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v mean_v by_o high_a power_n and_o strange_o have_v it_o be_v wrest_a if_o not_o exclusive_a of_o the_o king_n as_o also_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_v that_o that_o expression_n about_o the_o time_n of_o his_o majesty_n come_v over_o declaration_n illegal_a declaration_n in_o one_o of_o the_o declaration_n or_o remonstrance_n that_o the_o government_n be_v by_o the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o be_v derogatory_n to_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n and_o legislative_a power_n and_o the_o government_n be_v in_o he_o radical_o and_o but_o derivative_o and_o subordinate_o in_o any_o other_o for_o and_o under_o he_o therefore_o to_o be_v consider_v of_o alter_v and_o amend_v as_o also_o printing-press_a the_o printing-press_a if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a that_o the_o press_n be_v careful_o look_v into_o that_o no_o seditious_a book_n or_o pamphlet_n be_v vent_v to_o poison_v the_o people_n or_o to_o confirm_v any_o in_o their_o bad_a principle_n the_o want_n of_o this_o care_n have_v grow_v into_o a_o great_a seminary_n of_o mischief_n which_o if_o nothing_o but_o our_o sad_a experience_n of_o it_o shall_v make_v we_o more_o wary_a for_o the_o future_a as_o also_o frame_v a_o body_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v frame_v if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v fit_a that_o according_a as_o be_v begin_v by_o the_o late_a lord_n chancellor_n the_o lord_n viscount_n st._n alban_n which_o as_o it_o be_v say_v king_n james_n put_v he_o upon_o a_o body_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v digest_v and_o compile_v
it_o be_v hope_v have_v no_o disaffection_n to_o that_o profession_n or_o professor_n of_o it_o but_o rather_o in_o a_o just_a resentment_n of_o their_o oppression_n suitable_a to_o his_o birth_n and_o noble_a disposition_n if_o so_o i_o say_v they_o may_v comfort_v themselves_o in_o this_o that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o the_o test_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o long_a parliament_n when_o their_o factious_a accuser_n be_v sufficient_o numerous_a and_o virulent_a and_o have_v they_o be_v find_v guilty_a they_o have_v not_o then_o escape_v punishment_n severe_a and_o infamous_a enough_o they_o can_v not_o easy_o have_v be_v highly_o justify_v than_o that_o way_n which_o make_v it_o appear_v to_o all_o the_o world_n that_o that_o clamorous_a party_n through_o the_o side_n of_o the_o civilian_n intend_v to_o strike_v at_o and_o wound_v their_o superior_n and_o so_o serve_v turn_n and_o end_n and_o compass_v their_o long-weaved_a design_n if_o the_o civilian_n do_v their_o part_n in_o their_o function_n upright_o and_o diligent_o which_o their_o own_o conscience_n doubtless_o will_v prompt_v they_o to_o and_o the_o vigilancy_n of_o their_o factious_a adversary_n over_o their_o action_n may_v serve_v to_o keep_v they_o awake_v it_o be_v to_o be_v hope_v they_o will_v every_o way_n find_v comfort_n and_o encouragement_n however_o that_o peace_n at_o the_o last_o and_o the_o continual_a feast_n in_o the_o interim_n will_v buoy_v they_o up_o above_o the_o great_a wave_n of_o envy_n or_o malice_n good_a man_n will_v be_v their_o friend_n though_o the_o contrary_n be_v their_o enemy_n and_o one_o cato_n be_v better_a than_o a_o theatre_n and_o we_o can_v but_o be_v confident_a that_o we_o shall_v never_o have_v cause_n to_o say_v as_o some_o say_v in_o another_o case_n non_fw-la nos_fw-la resp._n sed_fw-la defuit_fw-la nobis_fw-la respublica_fw-la we_o have_v a_o gracious_a king_n who_o god_n protect_v bless_v and_o prolong_v his_o day_n et_fw-la spes_fw-la &_o ratio_fw-la studiorum_fw-la in_o caesar_fw-la he_o we_o doubt_v not_o will_n as_o before_o he_o his_o royal_a father_n charles_n the_o first_o king_n and_o martyr_n and_o his_o grandfather_n king_n james_n of_o bless_a memory_n look_v upon_o we_o with_o a_o favourable_a eye_n according_a as_o he_o find_v we_o endeavour_v faithful_o and_o diligent_o to_o serve_v the_o church_n and_o state_n that_o be_v to_o serve_v he_o they_o who_o fail_v therein_o deserve_v not_o to_o be_v remember_v and_o beside_o the_o general_a his_o sacred_a majesty_n have_v in_o particular_a demonstrate_v his_o gration_n favour_v that_o way_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o honour_n and_o honorary_a revenue_n to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n civilian_n for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o act_n that_o if_o possible_o there_o can_v be_v a_o addition_n add_v to_o the_o just_a obligation_n of_o duty_n service_n and_o gratitude_n which_o they_o owe_v his_o most_o excellent_a majesty_n and_o all_o due_a thankfulness_n and_o honour_n the_o same_o profession_n must_v ever_o acknowledge_v and_o render_v to_o the_o right_n honourable_a the_o earl_n of_o clarendon_n lord_n chancellor_n of_o england_n for_o his_o special_a favour_n to_o that_o profession_n and_o professor_n and_o for_o his_o mediation_n and_o be_v instrumental_a as_o none_o i_o believe_v can_v suppose_v otherwise_o in_o the_o obtain_n that_o favour_n and_o bounty_n to_o the_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o by_o further_a the_o continuance_n of_o his_o majesty_n gracious_a inclination_n towards_o they_o we_o bless_v god_n and_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o lordship_n for_o it_o and_o be_v i_o hope_v and_o ever_o shall_v be_v most_o thankful_a for_o it_o ad_fw-la rejoice_v and_o comfort_v ourselves_o in_o it_o and_o rumpatur_fw-la quisquis_fw-la rumpitur_fw-la inuidia_fw-la now_o as_o in_o the_o preface_n i_o think_v fit_a to_o subjoin_v that_o little_a manuscript_n touch_v the_o oath_n ex_fw-la officio_fw-la with_o that_o determination_n touch_v the_o same_o by_o that_o glory_n of_o our_o church_n the_o late_a lord_n bishop_n lancelot_n andrews_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n a_o manuscript_n treat_v of_o the_o oath_n exit_fw-la officio_fw-la say_v to_o be_v doctor_n davenant_n late_a lord_n bishop_n of_o sarisbury_n 1._o that_o which_o the_o commons_o house_n complain_v of_o be_v that_o the_o commissioner_n ecclesiastical_a proceed_v exit_fw-la officio_fw-la that_o be_v say_v they_o without_o a_o know_a accuser_n 2._o and_o that_o they_o cause_v man_n to_o answer_v upon_o their_o oath_n that_o which_o they_o will_v have_v be_v this_o 1._o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v deal_v with_o but_o a_o accuser_n shall_v stand_v forth_o and_o that_o no_o oath_n shall_v be_v minister_v to_o a_o man_n in_o his_o own_o cause_n that_o which_o your_o lordship_n have_v enjoin_v i_o be_v to_o show_v my_o opinion_n whether_o the_o course_n complain_v of_o be_v warrantable_a by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n or_o no._n two_o part_n there_o be_v distinct_o to_o be_v speak_v to_o the_o one_o of_o proceed_v without_o a_o know_a accuser_n the_o other_o of_o proceed_v by_o way_n of_o oath_n i_o begin_v with_o they_o general_o at_o large_a and_o after_o as_o they_o concern_v ecclesiastical_a proceed_n 1._o the_o end_n of_o all_o judgement_n in_o all_o court_n be_v to_o remove_v evil_a the_o heathen_a man_n say_v interest_n reipublicae_fw-la ut_fw-la malefict_n tollantur_fw-la the_o health_n of_o the_o civil_a body_n consist_v no_o less_o in_o remove_v evil_a person_n then_o do_v the_o natural_a in_o purge_v out_o evil_a humour_n and_o the_o very_a same_o be_v god_n course_n in_o his_o commonwealth_n ten_o several_a time_n in_o deuteronomy_n he_o repeat_v it_o ut_fw-la sic_fw-la tolletis_fw-la malum_fw-la de_fw-la medio_fw-la israëlis_fw-la 2._o evil_n then_o be_v to_o be_v remove_v not_o only_o civil_a but_o ecclesiastical_a so_o do_v god_n take_v express_a order_n that_o corrupt_a religion_n contumacy_n in_o disobey_v his_o priest_n incontinency_n defamation_n matter_n all_o of_o ecclesiastical_a cognisance_n shall_v be_v remove_v express_o term_v every_o one_o of_o they_o malum_fw-la in_o israële_n and_o so_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n do_v the_o apostle_n speak_v of_o the_o case_n of_o incest_n vos_fw-fr autem_fw-la auferetis_fw-la malum_fw-la de_fw-la vobis_fw-la these_o than_o be_v evil_n and_o ecclesiastical_a evil_n and_o to_o be_v remove_v 3._o if_o they_o must_v be_v remove_v they_o must_v be_v know_v for_o st._n hierom_n say_v well_o quod_fw-la ignorat_fw-la medicina_fw-la non_fw-la curate_n physic_n both_o corporal_a and_o civil_a must_v know_v the_o peccant_a humour_n before_o they_o can_v purge_v it_o 4._o if_o know_v it_o they_o must_v by_o the_o party_n themselves_o they_o shall_v never_o know_v it_o the_o first_o that_o ever_o do_v trespass_n be_v not_o so_o ready_a to_o commit_v sin_n but_o they_o be_v twice_o as_o ready_a to_o conceal_v it_o and_o as_o tertullian_n say_v to_o good_a purpose_n reliqui_fw-la omnes_fw-la congeneres_fw-la primo_fw-la all_o other_o offender_n do_v as_o the_o first_o do_v seek_v to_o keep_v their_o offence_n from_o be_v know_v the_o offence_n themselves_o you_o know_v be_v call_v opera_fw-la tenebrarum_fw-la and_o incontinency_n that_o defile_v the_o body_n as_o well_o as_o the_o spiritual_a whoredom_n which_o be_v corruption_n in_o the_o worship_n of_o god_n either_o of_o they_o we_o know_v be_v angularis_fw-la actio_fw-la and_o keep_v from_o knowledge_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v 5._o then_o if_o they_o must_v be_v know_v and_o will_v not_o by_o the_o party_n themselves_o some_o other_o mean_n must_v be_v use_v to_o bring_v they_o to_o light_n where_o if_o there_o be_v a_o party_n to_o stand_v up_o and_o accuse_v it_o be_v well_o and_o he_o not_o to_o be_v refuse_v but_o we_o know_v and_o i_o refer_v myself_o to_o your_o lordship_n that_o it_o be_v hold_v a_o odious_a matter_n to_o be_v a_o accuser_n and_o with_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o man_n more_o odious_a few_o that_o be_v well_o dispose_v will_v be_v get_v to_o it_o and_o even_o they_o that_o will_v i_o refer_v i_o to_o your_o lordship_n again_o whether_o solomon_n say_v not_o true_a that_o one_o evil_n will_v not_o be_v accuse_v but_o out_o of_o another_o evil_n that_o be_v grudge_n or_o spleen_n to_o wreak_v ourselves_o upon_o some_o party_n that_o we_o conceive_v have_v wrong_v we_o otherwise_o the_o faintness_n of_o man_n to_o become_v accuser_n will_v make_v that_o much_o evil_n will_v not_o be_v remove_v if_o this_o be_v only_o the_o way_n to_o remove_v it_o but_o god_n say_v all_o evil_a must_v be_v remove_v so_o near_o as_o may_v be_v 6._o for_o that_o cause_n god_n have_v authorize_v those_o that_o hold_v judicial_a place_n for_o the_o remove_n of_o evil_n not_o only_o to_o receive_v accusation_n when_o they_o be_v bring_v against_o it_o but_o if_o none_o be_v bring_v to_o make_v enquiry_n after_o it_o in_o the_o 13_o 17_o and_o 18_o of_o deuteronomy_n that_o
not_o be_v good_a just_a and_o lawful_a and_o after_o the_o same_o matrimony_n solemnize_v and_o consummate_v by_o carnal_a knowledge_n and_o also_o sometime_o fruit_n of_o child_n ensue_v of_o the_o same_o marriage_n upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o former_a contract_n make_v and_o not_o consummate_v by_o carnal_a copulation_n for_o proof_n whereof_o two_o witness_n by_o that_o law_n be_v only_o require_v be_v divorce_v and_o separate_v contrary_a to_o god_n law_n and_o so_o the_o true_a matrimony_n both_o solemnize_v â—n_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n and_o consummate_v with_o bodily_a knowledge_n and_o confirm_v also_o with_o the_o fruit_n of_o child_n have_v between_o they_o clear_o frustrate_a and_o dissolve_v farther_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o other_o prohibition_n than_o god_n law_n admit_v for_o their_o lucre_n by_o that_o court_n invent_v the_o dispensation_n whereof_o they_o always_o reserve_v to_o themselves_o as_o in_o kindred_n or_o affinity_n between_o cousin-german_n and_o so_o to_o the_o four_o and_o four_o degree_n carnal_a knowledge_n of_o any_o of_o the_o same_o kin_n or_o affinity_n before_o in_o such_o outward_a degree_n which_o else_o be_v lawful_a and_o be_v not_o prohibit_v by_o god_n law_n and_o all_o because_o they_o will_v get_v money_n by_o it_o and_o keep_v a_o reputation_n of_o their_o usurp_a jurisdiction_n whereby_o not_o only_o much_o discord_n between_o lawful_a marry_a person_n have_v contrary_a to_o god_n ordinance_n arisen_a much_o debate_n and_o suit_n at_o the_o law_n with_o wrongful_a veration_n and_o great_a damage_n of_o the_o innocent_a party_n have_v be_v procure_v and_o many_o just_a marriage_n bring_v in_o doubt_n and_o danger_n of_o undo_n and_o also_o many_o time_n undo_v and_o lawful_a heir_n disherit_v whereof_o there_o have_v never_o else_o but_o for_o his_o vainglorious_a usurpation_n be_v move_v any_o such_o question_n since_o freedom_n in_o they_o be_v give_v by_o god_n law_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v most_o sure_a and_o certain_a but_o that_o notwithstanding_o marriage_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o such_o a_o uncertainty_n thereby_o that_o no_o marriage_n can_v be_v sure_o knit_v and_o bind_v but_o it_o shall_v lie_v in_o either_o of_o the_o party_n power_n and_o arbyter_n cast_v away_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n by_o mean_n and_o compass_n to_o prove_v a_o precontract_n a_o kindred_n and_o alliance_n or_o a_o carnal_a knowledge_n to_o defeat_v the_o same_o and_o so_o under_o the_o pretence_n of_o these_o allegation_n afore_o rehearse_v to_o live_v all_o the_o day_n of_o their_o life_n in_o detestable_a adultery_n to_o the_o utter_a destruction_n of_o their_o own_o soul_n and_o the_o provocation_n of_o the_o terrible_a wrath_n of_o god_n upon_o the_o place_n where_o such_o abomination_n be_v use_v and_o suffer_v be_v it_o therefore_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o that_o from_o the_o first_o day_n of_o the_o month_n of_o july_n next_o come_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 1540_o all_n and_o every_o such_o marriage_n as_o within_o this_o church_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v contract_v between_o lawful_a person_n as_o by_o this_o act_n we_o declare_v all_o person_n to_o be_v lawful_a that_o be_v not_o prohibit_v by_o god_n law_n to_o marry_v such_o be_v marriage_n contract_v and_o solemnize_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n and_o consummate_v with_o bodily_a knowledge_n or_o fruit_n of_o child_n or_o child_n be_v have_v therein_o between_o the_o party_n so_o marry_v shall_v be_v by_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n aforesaid_a deem_v judge_v and_o take_v to_o be_v lawful_a good_a just_a and_o indissoluble_a notwithstanding_o any_o precontract_n or_o precontract_n or_o matrimony_n not_o consummate_v with_o bodily_a knowledge_n which_o either_o of_o the_o party_n so_o marry_v or_o both_o shall_v have_v make_v with_o any_o other_o person_n or_o person_n before_o the_o time_n of_o contract_v that_o marriage_n which_o be_v solemnize_v and_o consummate_v or_o whereof_o such_o fruit_n be_v ensue_v or_o may_v ensue_v as_o afore_o and_o notwithstanding_o any_o dispensation_n prescription_n law_n or_o other_o thing_n grant_v or_o confirm_v by_o act_n or_o otherwise_o and_o that_o no_o reservation_n or_o prohibition_n god_n law_n except_v shall_v trouble_v or_o impeach_v any_o marriage_n without_o the_o levitical_a degree_n and_o that_o no_o person_n of_o which_o estate_n degree_n or_o condition_n he_o or_o she_o be_v shall_v after_o the_o say_v first_o day_n of_o the_o month_n of_o july_n aforesaid_a be_v admit_v to_o any_o of_o the_o spiritual_a court_n within_o this_o the_o king_n realm_n or_o any_o his_o grace_n other_o land_n and_o dominion_n to_o any_o process_n plea_n or_o allegation_n contrary_a to_o this_o foresay_a act._n rep._n 1_o &_o 2_o p._n &_o m._n 8._o rep._n 1._o el._n 1._o this_o act_n be_v not_o many_o year_n after_o repeal_v as_o follow_v 2_o &_o 3_o ed._n 6._o cap._n 23._o part_v of_o the_o statute_n of_o precontract_n repeal_v whereas_o in_o the_o two_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o famous_a memory_n king_n henry_n the_o eight_o because_o that_o many_o inconvenience_n have_v chance_v in_o this_o realm_n by_o break_v and_o dissolve_v good_a and_o lawful_a marriage_n yea_o whereupon_o also_o sometime_o issue_n and_o child_n have_v follow_v under_o the_o colour_n and_o pretence_n of_o a_o former_a contract_n make_v with_o another_o the_o which_o contract_n divers_a time_n be_v but_o very_o slender_o prove_v and_o often_o but_o surmise_v by_o the_o malice_n of_o the_o party_n who_o desire_v to_o be_v dissolve_v from_o the_o marriage_n which_o they_o like_v not_o and_o to_o be_v couple_v with_o another_o there_o be_v a_o act_n make_v that_o all_o and_o every_o such_o marriage_n as_o within_o the_o church_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v contract_v and_o solemnize_v in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o church_n and_o consummate_v with_o bodily_a knowledge_n or_o fruit_n of_o child_n or_o child_n be_v have_v between_o the_o party_n so_o marry_v shall_v be_v by_o authority_n of_o the_o say_a parliament_n deem_v judge_v and_o take_v to_o be_v lawful_a good_a just_a and_o indissoluble_a notwithstanding_o any_o precontract_n or_o precontract_n of_o matrimony_n not_o consummate_v with_o bodily_a knowledge_n which_o either_o of_o the_o person_n so_o marry_v or_o both_o have_v make_v with_o any_o other_o person_n or_o person_n before_o the_o time_n of_o contract_v that_o marriage_n which_o be_v solemnize_v or_o consummate_v or_o whereof_o such_o fruit_n be_v ensue_v or_o may_v ensue_v as_o by_o the_o same_o act_n more_o plain_o appear_v since_o the_o time_n of_o the_o which_o act_n although_o the_o same_o be_v godly_a mean_v the_o unrulinesse_n of_o man_n have_v ungodly_a abuse_v the_o same_o and_o divers_a inconvenience_n intolerable_a in_o manner_n to_o christian_a ear_n and_o eye_n follow_v thereupon_o woman_n and_o man_n break_v their_o own_o promise_n and_o faith_n make_v by_o the_o one_o unto_o the_o other_o so_o set_v upon_o sensuality_n and_o pleasure_n that_o if_o after_o the_o contract_n of_o matrimony_n they_o may_v have_v who_o they_o more_o favour_v and_o desire_v they_o can_v be_v content_v by_o lightness_n of_o their_o nature_n to_o overturn_v all_o that_o they_o have_v do_v afore_o and_o not_o afraid_a in_o manner_n even_o from_o the_o very_a church_n door_n and_o marriage_n feast_v the_o man_n to_o take_v another_o spouse_n and_o the_o espouse_v to_o take_v another_o husband_n more_o for_o bodily_a lust_n and_o carnal_a knowledge_n then_o for_o surety_n of_o faith_n and_o truth_n or_o have_v god_n in_o their_o good_a remembrance_n contemn_v many_o time_n also_o the_o commandment_n of_o the_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n forbid_v the_o party_n have_v make_v the_o contract_n to_o attempt_v or_o do_v any_o thing_n in_o prejudice_n of_o the_o same_o be_v it_o therefore_o enact_v by_o the_o king_n highness_n the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o the_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v that_o as_o concern_v precontract_n the_o say_v former_a statute_n shall_v from_o the_o first_o day_n of_o day_n next_o come_v cease_v be_v repeal_v and_o of_o no_o force_n or_o effect_n and_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o estate_n and_o order_n of_o the_o king_n ecclesiastical_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n which_o immediate_o before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o say_a estatute_n in_o this_o case_n be_v use_v in_o this_o realm_n so_o that_o from_o the_o say_v first_o day_n of_o day_n when_o any_o cause_n or_o contract_n of_o marriage_n be_v pretend_v to_o have_v be_v make_v it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a to_o the_o king_n ecclesiastical_a judge_n of_o that_o place_n to_o hear_v and_o examine_v the_o say_a cause_n and_o