but_o it_o be_v deny_v for_o the_o court_n agree_v the_o writ_n well_o issue_v some_o have_v make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o common_a plea_n as_o if_o a_o execution_n may_v go_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n but_o aliter_fw-la if_z in_o the_o common-plea_n but_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o in_o both_o court_n mich._n 1653._o between_o wyn_n and_o griffith_n this_o very_a case_n come_v in_o question_n and_o there_o it_o be_v hold_v that_o execution_n go_v into_o wales_n as_o well_o as_o into_o any_o part_n of_o england_n upon_o a_o judgement_n in_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n in_o 2_o bulstr_n 54._o hall_n versus_fw-la rotheram_n it_o be_v hold_v that_o a_o ca._n sa_o shall_v go_v into_o wales_n against_o the_o bail_n upon_o a_o judgement_n recover_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n here_o against_o the_o principal_a of_o the_o same_o opinion_n be_v justice_n atkins_n and_o that_o the_o defendant_n can_v aver_v against_o the_o sheriff_n return_v nor_o a_o bishop_n certificate_n and_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v give_v by_o my_o lord_n coke_n in_o 2_o inst_z 452._o for_o the_o sheriff_n be_v but_o a_o officer_n and_o have_v no_o day_n in_o court_n to_o justify_v his_o return_n in_o special_a case_n exception_n may_v be_v make_v to_o the_o sheriff_n return_v but_o this_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o special_a provision_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o do_v of_o it_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o w._n 2._o cap._n 39_o as_o in_o case_n too_o small_a issue_n be_v return_v or_o that_o the_o sheriff_n return_v a_o rescous_a the_o party_n in_o his_o averment_n must_v allege_v of_o what_o value_n the_o issue_n be_v 2_o that_o notwithstanding_o the_o common_a saying_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o a_o fi._n fa._n ca._n sa._n or_o any_o execution_n whatsoever_o may_v issue_v into_o wales_n upon_o a_o judgement_n obtain_v here_o and_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o consider_v 1._o how_o wales_n former_o stand_v in_o relation_n to_o england_n 2._o how_o it_o stand_v before_o it_o be_v unite_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 8._o 3._o how_o it_o now_o stand_v since_o the_o union_n 1._o and_o as_o to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v once_o but_o one_o nation_n they_o use_v the_o same_o language_n law_n and_o religion_n and_o so_o continue_v till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a conquest_n before_o which_o they_o be_v both_o comprehend_v under_o one_o name_n viz._n the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o when_o the_o roman_n come_v those_o britain_n who_o will_v not_o submit_v to_o their_o yoke_n betake_v themselves_o to_o such_o place_n where_o they_o think_v themselves_o most_o secure_a which_o be_v the_o mountain_n in_o wales_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v again_o soon_o after_o the_o roman_n be_v drive_v away_o by_o their_o dissension_n here_o and_o then_o these_o britain_n enjoy_v their_o ancient_a right_n as_o before_o after_o this_o come_v the_o saxon_n and_o give_v they_o another_o disturbance_n and_o then_o the_o kingdom_n be_v divide_v into_o a_o heptarchy_n and_o then_o also_o and_o not_o till_o then_o begin_v the_o welsh_a to_o be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o english_a but_o yet_o at_o that_o time_n they_o have_v great_a possession_n in_o england_n viz._n gloucester_n part_n of_o worcester_n hereford_n shrewsbury_n which_o they_o keep_v till_o king_n offa_n drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o plain_a country_n and_o make_v they_o fly_v for_o shelter_n into_o those_o mountainous_a part_n in_o wales_n where_o they_o now_o continue_v cambden_n 15._o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o wales_n have_v king_n and_o prince_n yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v superiority_n over_o they_o for_o to_o he_o they_o be_v homager_n cambden_n 67._o the_o word_n princeps_fw-la imply_v a_o subordinate_a dignity_n selden_n title_n of_o honour_n 593._o 2_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o separation_n wales_n have_v distinct_a law_n and_o custom_n from_o those_o in_o england_n whence_o that_o say_n take_v its_o effect_n viz._n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n yet_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n before_o that_o time_n make_v law_n to_o bind_v wales_n as_o the_o act_n of_o 25_o edw._n 1._o for_o confirmation_n of_o the_o old_a great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o forest_n which_o enact_v that_o certain_a duty_n shall_v be_v pay_v for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n export_v out_o of_o wales_n 2_o inst_z 531._o so_o the_o statute_n 3_o edw._n 1._o cap._n 17._o which_o give_v remedy_n if_o a_o distress_n be_v take_v and_o detain_v in_o a_o castle_n and_o upon_o deliverance_n demand_v by_o the_o sheriff_n if_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o castle_n shall_v refuse_v he_o may_v raise_v the_o posse_fw-la comitatus_fw-la and_o beat_v down_o the_o castle_n and_o if_o such_o detainer_n or_o refusal_n be_v in_o the_o march_n of_o wales_n the_o king_n as_o the_o statute_n say_v be_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o all_o and_o shall_v do_v right_a upon_o complaint_n and_o the_o conquest_n be_v not_o make_v till_o 9_o e._n 1._o so_o that_o at_o that_o time_n likewise_o though_o wales_n have_v prince_n of_o its_o own_o 400._o vaugh._n 400._o yet_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v sovereign_n to_o those_o prince_n and_o though_o they_o have_v law_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o be_v they_o bind_v by_o those_o that_o be_v make_v here_o and_o though_o their_o prince_n have_v ordinary_a remedial_a writ_n yet_o in_o case_n extraordinary_a the_o king_n writ_n here_o run_v into_o wales_n and_o it_o be_v not_o for_o want_v of_o power_n but_o because_o there_o be_v no_o need_n for_o that_o it_o go_v so_o seldom_o and_o when_o the_o king_n writ_n do_v issue_v it_o be_v necessary_a to_o direct_v it_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o a_o english_a county_n for_o wales_n be_v not_o then_o divide_v into_o shire_n but_o afterward_o by_o the_o act_n call_v statutum_n walliae_fw-la 12_o edw._n 1._o 239._o 1._o 2_o inst_z 195._o 4_o inst_z 239._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o six_o county_n and_o then_o again_o by_o the_o act_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o cap._n 26._o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o other_o six_o county_n but_o during_o this_o time_n there_o be_v frequent_a hostility_n between_o england_n and_o wales_n until_o by_o the_o conquest_n in_o edw._n 1._o time_n they_o be_v unite_v it_o be_v pretend_v that_o h._n 3._o father_n to_o edw._n 1._o be_v the_o conqueror_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a something_o considerable_a may_v be_v do_v in_o his_o time_n yet_o the_o absolute_a conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a dominion_n be_v make_v by_o edw._n 1._o in_o who_o time_n the_o aforesaid_a statutum_n walliae_n be_v make_v 415._o vaugh._n 414_o 415._o and_o after_o that_o the_o statute_n of_o 27_o h._n 8._o to_o complete_a the_o union_n the_o end_n of_o which_o be_v declare_v to_o bring_v the_o subject_n of_o both_o to_o a_o entire_a unity_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o effect_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v execute_v there_o 54._o â—_o bul_v 54._o for_o which_o reason_n it_o be_v hold_v in_o 5_o co._n rep._n vaughan_n case_n fol._n 49._o that_o the_o statute_n of_o jeofail_n do_v extend_v to_o wales_n and_o in_o 2_o bulstr_n 156._o debate_n 156._o this_o be_v a_o resolution_n upon_o no_o debate_n the_o sheriff_n of_o radnor_n upon_o a_o scire_fw-la fac_n direct_v to_o he_o return_v breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o be_v amerce_v 10_o l._n for_o his_o false_a return_n vide_fw-la 19_o h_n 6._o 20._o fitzherb_n trial_n pl._n 40._o tit_n jurisdiction_n 13_o e._n 3._o 23_o 24_o 34._o idem_fw-la brief_a 621._o &_o assize_n 382._o it_o be_v object_v that_o by_o express_a provision_n in_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 10._o exigent_n and_o proclamation_n shall_v be_v award_v out_o of_o the_o court_n of_o westminster_n into_o wales_n which_o if_o they_o may_v before_o this_o law_n be_v then_o needless_a it_o be_v true_a the_o opinion_n of_o the_o parliament_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o this_o particular_a provision_n such_o proclamation_n may_v not_o have_v issue_v for_o by_o 6_o h._n 8._o cap._n 4._o 414._o vaugh._n 414._o such_o proclamation_n go_v but_o to_o the_o next_o county_n but_o they_o do_v not_o declare_v so_o and_o perhaps_o they_o may_v ground_v themselves_o upon_o that_o vulgar_a error_n breve_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la non_fw-la currit_fw-la in_o walliam_n which_o be_v not_o true_a unless_o the_o clause_n be_v limit_v to_o original_a writ_n only_o objection_n that_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o el._n cap._n 23._o which_o enact_v that_o the_o excommunicato_fw-la capiendo_fw-la shall_v be_v return_v in_o the_o kings-bench_n
governor_n of_o barbadoes_n and_o the_o council_n there_o have_v power_n of_o probate_n of_o will_n and_o grant_v of_o administration_n that_o the_o secretary_n belong_v and_o be_v a_o officer_n to_o the_o say_a governor_n and_o council_n as_o register_n and_o be_v concern_v about_o the_o register_n the_o say_v will_n and_o so_o his_o office_n concern_v the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o then_o set_v forth_o that_o this_o covenant_n upon_o which_o the_o plaintiff_n bring_v his_o action_n be_v enter_v into_o upon_o a_o corrupt_a agreement_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n void_a the_o plaintiff_n reply_v protestando_fw-la that_o this_o office_n concern_v not_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n and_o protestando_fw-la that_o here_o be_v no_o corrupt_a agreement_n pro_fw-la placito_fw-la he_o say_v that_o barbadoes_n be_v extra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la maria_fw-la and_o be_v always_o out_o of_o the_o allegiance_n and_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n till_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o reduce_v that_o island_n to_o his_o obedience_n which_o be_v now_o govern_v by_o law_n make_v by_o he_o and_o not_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n the_o defendant_n rejoin_v protestando_fw-la that_o this_o island_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n long_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o confess_v it_o to_o be_v extra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la maria_fw-la but_o plead_v that_o before_o king_n charles_n have_v that_o island_n king_n james_n be_v seize_v thereof_o and_o die_v such_o a_o day_n so_o seize_v after_o who_o death_n it_o descend_v to_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o as_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n and_o that_o he_o be_v so_o seize_v 2_o julii_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n grant_v it_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o carlisle_n and_o his_o heir_n at_o such_o a_o rent_n absque_fw-la hoc_fw-la that_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o acquire_v this_o island_n by_o conquest_n baldwyn_n serjeant_n demur_v for_o that_o the_o traverse_n be_v ill_a quer._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la quer._n for_o the_o most_o material_a thing_n in_o the_o plead_n be_v whether_o barbadoes_n be_v govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n or_o by_o particular_a law_n of_o their_o own_o and_o if_o not_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n then_o the_o statute_n make_v 5_o e._n 6._o cap._n 16._o concern_v the_o sale_n of_o office_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o this_o place_n he_o say_v that_o it_o be_v but_o late_o acquire_v and_o be_v not_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n that_o it_o be_v first_o find_v out_o in_o king_n james_n his_o reign_n which_o be_v long_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o extend_v to_o it_o the_o statute_n of_o 1_o e._n 6._o cap._n 7._o enact_n that_o no_o writ_n shall_v abate_v if_o the_o defendant_n pend_v the_o action_n be_v create_v a_o duke_n or_o earl_n etc._n etc._n and_o it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o this_o act_n extend_v to_o a_o baronet_n be_v a_o dignity_n create_v after_o the_o make_n thereof_o sir_n simon_n bennet_n case_n 40._o syd_n 40._o cro_n car._n 104._o statute_n of_o england_n extend_v no_o more_o to_o barbadoes_n than_o to_o scotland_n or_o virginia_n new_a england_n isle_n of_o jersey_n and_o gernsey_n it_o be_v true_a a_o appeal_n lie_v from_o those_o island_n to_o the_o king_n in_o council_n here_o but_o that_o be_v by_o constitution_n of_o their_o own_o no_o statute_n do_v extend_v to_o ireland_n till_o poyning_n law_n nor_o now_o unless_o name_v in_o barbadoes_n they_o have_v law_n different_a from_o we_o as_o that_o a_o deed_n shall_v bind_v a_o feme_fw-fr covert_n and_o many_o other_o def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n seys_n serjeant_n contra_fw-la he_o agree_v that_o the_o traverse_n be_v ill_a and_o therefore_o do_v not_o endeavour_v to_o maintain_v it_o but_o say_v there_o be_v a_o departure_n between_o the_o declaration_n and_o the_o replication_n for_o in_o the_o declaration_n the_o plaintiff_n set_v forth_o that_o nokes_n be_v admit_v secretary_n apud_fw-la insulam_fw-la de_fw-la barbadoes_n viz._n in_o parochia_fw-la sancti_fw-la martini_n in_o campis_n and_o in_o the_o replication_n he_o set_v forth_o that_o this_o isle_n be_v not_o in_o england_n which_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o departure_n as_o debt_n sur_fw-fr obligat_fw-la '_o 1_v maii_n the_o defendant_n plead_v a_o release_n 3_o maii_n the_o plaintiff_n reply_v primo_fw-la deliberate_a '_o 4_o maii_n it_o be_v a_o departure_n for_o he_o shall_v have_v set_v forth_o that_o the_o bond_n be_v 4_o maii_n primo_fw-la deliberate_a '_o quaere_fw-la bro._n departure_n 14._o so_o in_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la the_o bishop_n plead_v that_o he_o claim_v nothing_o but_o as_o ordinary_a the_o plaintiff_n reply_v quod_fw-la tali_fw-la die_v &_o anno_fw-la he_o present_v his_o clerk_n and_o the_o bishop_n refuse_v he_o the_o bishop_n rejoin_v that_o at_o the_o same_o day_n another_o present_v his_o clerk_n so_o that_o the_o church_n become_v litigious_a and_o the_o plaintiff_n surrejoyn_v that_o after_o that_o time_n the_o church_n be_v litigious_a he_o again_o present_v and_o his_o clerk_n be_v refuse_v this_o be_v a_o departure_n bro._n departure_n so_o likewise_o as_o to_o the_o place_n the_o tenant_n plead_v a_o release_n at_o c._n the_o demandant_n say_v that_o he_o be_v in_o prison_n at_o d._n and_o so_o will_v avoid_v the_o release_n as_o give_v by_o duress_n and_o the_o tenant_n say_v that_o he_o give_v it_o at_o l._n after_o he_o be_v discharge_v and_o at_o large_a 40_o e._n 3._o bro._n 32._o 1_o h._n 6.3_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v have_v say_v that_o nokes_n be_v admit_v here_o in_o england_n without_o show_v it_o be_v at_o barbadoes_n for_o the_o grant_v of_o the_o office_n of_o secretary_n may_v be_v make_v to_o he_o here_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n as_o well_o as_o a_o grant_v of_o administration_n may_v be_v make_v by_o the_o ordinary_a out_o of_o his_o diocese_n 2._o except_o viz._n by_o the_o demurrer_n to_o the_o rejoynder_n the_o plaintiff_n have_v confess_v his_o replication_n to_o be_v false_a in_o another_o respect_n for_o by_o that_o he_o have_v own_v it_o the_o defendant_n have_v plead_v that_o king_n james_n be_v seize_v of_o this_o island_n and_o that_o it_o descend_v to_o king_n charles_n etc._n etc._n and_o so_o be_v a_o province_n of_o england_n whereas_o before_o he_o have_v only_o allege_v that_o it_o be_v reduce_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n charles_n his_o son_n and_o so_o he_o have_v falsify_v his_o own_o replication_n and_o beside_o this_o be_v within_o the_o statute_n of_o 5_o ed._n 6._o for_o the_o defendant_n say_v that_o the_o plaintiff_n have_v admit_v barbadoes_n to_o be_v a_o province_n of_o england_n and_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o ever_o there_o be_v a_o prince_n there_o or_o any_o other_o person_n who_o have_v dominion_n except_o the_o king_n and_o his_o 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the_o writ_n the_o plaintiff_n by_o amerciament_n shall_v compel_v he_o to_o bring_v in_o the_o body_n or_o to_o assign_v the_o bond_n either_o of_o which_o be_v a_o full_a satisfaction_n and_o as_o much_o as_o be_v require_v if_o the_o sheriff_n refuse_v to_o take_v 23._o 2_o sand._n 59_o 154_o 1_o roll._n abr._n 807_o 808._o cro._n eliz._n 460_o 852._o noy_n 39_o moor_n 428._o sid._n 23._o sufficient_a surety_n when_o offer_v he_o be_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n on_o the_o case_n at_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o defendant_n for_o his_o refusal_n and_o it_o will_v be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o enforce_v he_o to_o have_v the_o party_n in_o court_n at_o the_o return_n when_o he_o be_v oblige_v under_o a_o penalty_n to_o let_v he_o at_o large_a this_o action_n be_v ground_v upon_o a_o false_a return_n when_o in_o
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be_v no_o argument_n to_o say_v that_o he_o be_v discharge_v because_o duckenfield_n be_v appoint_v by_o the_o court_n for_o that_o be_v a_o work_n of_o supererrogation_n which_o be_v leave_v in_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o court_n and_o may_v be_v do_v or_o omit_v as_o they_o shall_v think_v necessary_a but_o be_v not_o conclusive_a 39_o h._n 6._o 34._o especial_o since_o the_o jury_n have_v not_o find_v that_o the_o court_n take_v any_o examination_n whether_o he_o be_v sufficient_a or_o not_o but_o that_o he_o have_v forfeit_v his_o office_n have_v wilful_o suffer_v a_o prisoner_n to_o escape_v and_o then_o the_o defendant_n be_v or_o may_v be_v the_o actual_a officer_n and_o have_v take_v security_n ought_v to_o be_v charge_v sir_n william_n jones_n who_o argue_v on_o the_o other_o side_n def._n exit_fw-la parte_fw-la def._n before_o he_o speak_v to_o the_o case_n endeavour_v to_o remove_v a_o doubt_n upon_o the_o special_a verdict_n which_o find_v that_o the_o defendant_n 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he_o be_v insufficient_a neither_o do_v he_o insist_v upon_o the_o rule_n in_o the_o common_a plea_n by_o which_o duckenfield_n be_v admit_v but_o he_o consider_v 1._o whether_o the_o defendant_n be_v chargeable_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o cap._n 11._o 2._o if_o he_o can_v clear_v he_o from_o that_o statute_n whether_o he_o be_v chargeable_a at_o the_o common_a law_n or_o by_o any_o other_o statute_n and_o he_o say_v that_o he_o be_v not_o chargeable_a by_o the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 2._o which_o give_v a_o action_n of_o debt_n against_o the_o gaoler_n for_o a_o escape_n many_o authority_n may_v be_v cite_v to_o prove_v that_o where_o a_o man_n be_v in_o execution_n on_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n that_o such_o a_o execution_n be_v not_o within_o that_o statute_n 7_o h._n 6._o 5._o bro._n tit_n escape_v pl._n 9_o pl._n com._n 35._o it_o be_v doubtful_a there_o how_o a_o gaoler_n become_v chargeable_a for_o the_o escape_n of_o a_o man_n who_o be_v in_o execution_n for_o 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be_v not_o a_o superior_a postea_fw-la postea_fw-la 1._o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr donis_n be_v by_o some_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o great_a man_n because_o the_o intent_n of_o it_o be_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v in_o the_o same_o 1._o same_o 13_o ed._n 1._o year_n seem_v also_o to_o have_v a_o particular_a regard_n to_o the_o lord_n to_o give_v he_o a_o quick_a and_o more_o severe_a remedy_n against_o his_o servant_n and_o bailiff_n than_o he_o have_v before_o for_o it_o make_v he_o in_o effect_n his_o own_o judge_n against_o he_o in_o case_n of_o account_n because_o it_o give_v he_o authority_n to_o assign_v auditor_n and_o such_o as_o he_o appoint_v must_v stand_v and_o the_o servant_n have_v no_o remedy_n but_o by_o writ_n 129._o writ_n f._n n._n b._n 129._o ex_fw-la parte_fw-la talis_fw-la in_o the_o exchequer_n yet_o no_o man_n ever_o think_v that_o by_o the_o equity_n of_o this_o statute_n the_o same_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n and_o therefore_o the_o difference_n in_o the_o proceed_n between_o action_n of_o account_n and_o debt_n seem_v to_o imply_v that_o a_o action_n of_o debt_n be_v not_o within_o the_o rule_n of_o respondeat_fw-la superior_n 2._o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n betweén_n the_o restraint_n of_o prisosoner_n in_o execution_n for_o debt_n and_o those_o who_o be_v imprison_v by_o this_o act_n for_o arrear_n of_o rent_n which_o direct_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v arrest_v etc._n etc._n &_o carceri_fw-la mancipentur_fw-la in_o ferris_fw-la but_o this_o the_o gaoler_n can_v not_o have_v do_v at_o the_o common_a law_n neither_o be_v it_o ever_o practise_v or_o allow_v by_o the_o law_n that_o a_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v so_o use_v who_o be_v in_o execution_n for_o debt_n unless_o he_o be_v
charge_v for_o do_v a_o thing_n against_o law_n but_o once_o a_o action_n will_v not_o lie_v he_o then_o observe_v how_o the_o case_n which_o have_v be_v adjudge_v upon_o this_o statute_n agree_v with_o the_o rule_n he_o have_v insist_v on_o in_o his_o argument_n which_o case_n have_v not_o be_v many_o and_o those_o too_o of_o late_a time_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o act_n which_o be_v make_v almost_o 300_o hundred_o year_n since_o anno_fw-la 1379._o and_o for_o 120_o year_n after_o no_o action_n be_v bring_v the_o first_o that_o be_v report_a be_v 13_o h._n 7._o keilway_o 26._o so_o that_o we_o have_v no_o contemporanea_fw-la expositio_fw-la of_o the_o statute_n to_o guide_v a_o opinion_n which_o will_v be_v a_o great_a help_n in_o this_o case_n because_o they_o who_o make_v a_o act_n best_o understand_v the_o meaning_n but_o now_o the_o meaning_n must_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o statute_n itself_o which_o be_v the_o best_a exposition_n as_o the_o rule_n be_v give_v in_o bonham_n case_n 8_o co._n vide_fw-la the_o case_n in_o 13_o h._n 7._o the_o next_o case_n in_o time_n be_v the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n case_n 4_o h_n 8._o cromp_n jur._n of_o court_n f._n 13._o you_o have_v no_o more_o conscience_n than_o a_o dog_n lord_n abergavenny_n against_o cartwright_n in_o the_o same_o book_n you_o care_v not_o how_o you_o come_v by_o good_n in_o both_o which_o case_n the_o word_n charge_v the_o plaintiff_n with_o particular_a matter_n and_o give_v a_o narrative_a of_o something_o of_o a_o false_a story_n and_o do_v not_o bare_o rest_v upon_o a_o opinion_n in_o the_o bishop_n of_o norwich_n his_o case_n cro._n eliz._n 1._o viz._n you_o have_v write_v to_o i_o that_o which_o be_v against_o the_o word_n of_o god_n and_o to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o superstition_n these_o be_v hold_v actionable_a because_o they_o refer_v to_o his_o function_n and_o great_o defame_v he_o and_o yet_o he_o have_v but_o 500_o mark_n damage_n 29_o &_o 30_o eliz._n 1_o cro._n 67._o the_o lord_n mordant_n against_o bridges_n my_o lord_n mordant_n do_v know_v that_o prude_n rob_v shotbolt_n and_o bid_v i_o compound_v with_o shotbolt_n for_o the_o same_o and_o say_v he_o will_v see_v i_o satisfy_v for_o the_o same_o though_o it_o cost_v he_o a_o hundred_o pound_n which_o i_o do_v for_o he_o be_v my_o master_n otherwise_o the_o evidence_n i_o can_v have_v give_v will_v have_v hang_v prude_n these_o word_n be_v hold_v actionable_a and_o 1000_o l._n damage_n give_v and_o in_o all_o the_o other_o case_n which_o have_v be_v mention_v upon_o this_o statute_n and_o where_o judgement_n be_v give_v for_o the_o plaintiff_n the_o word_n always_o charge_v he_o with_o some_o particular_a fact_n and_o be_v positive_a and_o certain_a but_o where_o they_o be_v doubtful_a and_o general_a and_o signify_v only_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o defendant_n they_o be_v not_o actionable_a the_o word_n in_o the_o case_n at_o bar_n neither_o relate_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n as_o a_o 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