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of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o et_fw-fr ita_fw-la res_fw-la facile_fw-la redeunt_fw-la ad_fw-la svam_fw-la naturam_fw-la &_o quae_fw-la mox_fw-la rediit_fw-la divertisse_fw-la non_fw-la videtur_fw-la but_o to_o show_v how_o great_a aversion_n even_o that_o generation_n have_v for_o any_o such_o submission_n to_o the_o english_a monarchy_n i_o have_v set_v down_o the_o copy_n of_o a_o letter_n yet_o extant_a under_o all_o the_o seal_n of_o our_o nobility_n direct_v to_o pope_n john_n in_o anno_fw-la 1320._o wherein_o they_o declare_v that_o if_o their_o king_n shall_v offer_v to_o submit_v to_o england_n they_o will_v disow_v he_o and_o choose_v another_o not_o that_o the_o power_n of_o elect_v king_n be_v ever_o think_v to_o reside_v in_o our_o nobility_n but_o because_o it_o be_v represent_v to_o they_o as_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o lawyer_n that_o a_o king_n can_v not_o alienat_fw-la his_o kingdom_n or_o submit_v himself_o by_o his_o sole_a consent_n to_o a_o foreign_a prince_n 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de_fw-fr ardrosan_n eustachius_n de_fw-fr maxwell_n willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr ramsay_n willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr alto_fw-mi alanus_fw-la de_fw-fr moravia_n dovenaldus_n campbell_n joannes_n camburn_n reginaldus_n le_fw-fr chen_n alexander_n de_fw-fr seton_n andreas_n de_fw-fr lescelyne_n &_o alexander_n de_fw-fr straton_n caeterique_fw-la barones_n &_o libere-tenentes_a ac_fw-la tota_fw-la communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la omnimodam_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la filiolem_fw-la cum_fw-la devotis_fw-la pedum_fw-la osculis_fw-la beatorum_fw-la scimus_fw-la sanctissime_fw-la pater_fw-la &_o domine_fw-la &_o ex_fw-la antiquorum_fw-la gestis_fw-la &_o libris_fw-la colligimus_fw-la quod_fw-la inter_fw-la caeteras_fw-la nationes_fw-la egregias_fw-la nostra_fw-la sciz_fw-fr scotorum_fw-la natio_fw-la multis_fw-la praeconiis_fw-la fuerit_fw-la insignita_fw-la quae_fw-la de_fw-la majori_fw-la scythia_n per_fw-la mare_fw-la tirenum_fw-la &_o columnas_fw-la herculis_fw-la transiens_fw-la &_o in_o hispania_n inter_fw-la ferocissimos_fw-la per_fw-la multa_fw-la temporum_fw-la curricula_fw-la residens_fw-la a_o nullis_fw-la quantumcunque_fw-la barbaricis_fw-la poterat_fw-la alicubi_fw-la subjugari_fw-la indeque_fw-la veniens_fw-la post_fw-la mille_fw-la &_o ducentos_fw-la annos_fw-la a_o transitu_fw-la populi_fw-la israelitici_fw-la sibi_fw-la sedes_fw-la in_o occidente_fw-la quas_fw-la nunc_fw-la obtinent_fw-la expulsis_fw-la britonibus_fw-la &_o pictis_fw-la omnino_fw-la deletis_fw-la
presence_n of_o king_n james_n it_o be_v determine_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o baron_n but_o at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v declare_v that_o such_o banneret_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v by_o his_o majesty_n or_o prince_n of_o wales_n under_o the_o king_n standard_n display_v in_o a_o army_n royal_a as_o also_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o garter_n privy_a counselor_n master_n of_o the_o court_n of_o ward_n and_o livery_n chancellor_n and_o under-thesaur_a of_o the_o exehequer_n chancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n master_n of_o the_o roll_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common-plea_n chief_a baron_n of_o exchequer_n and_o other_o judge_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o coif_n shall_v have_v place_n and_o precedency_n both_o before_o the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o baron_n and_o before_o all_o baronet_n by_o which_o some_o alteration_n may_v appear_v from_o the_o rank_v appoint_v by_o henry_n the_o four_o beside_o what_o have_v be_v former_o observe_v in_o the_o description_n of_o knight_n baronet_n i_o find_v that_o of_o old_a a_o banneret_n or_o a_o ban-rent_a have_v be_v with_o we_o a_o title_n high_o than_o a_o baron_n for_o by_o act_n 101._o parl._n 7._o ja._n 1._o baron_n may_v choose_v their_o own_o commissioner_n but_o bishop_n duke_n earl_n lord_n and_o ban-rent_n be_v to_o be_v summond_v to_o parliament_n by_o the_o king_n special_a precept_n and_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o these_o ban-rent_n be_v knight_n of_o extraordinary_a reputation_n who_o be_v allow_v to_o raise_v a_o company_n of_o man_n under_o their_o own_o banner_n but_o now_o it_o be_v common_o take_v for_o such_o as_o be_v knight_v by_o the_o king_n or_o prince_n under_o the_o royal_a standard_n in_o time_n of_o war._n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o those_o can_v not_o now_o sit_v in_o parliament_n upon_o the_o king_n precept_n the_o former_a act_n of_o parliament_n be_v in_o desuetude_n they_o have_v the_o precedency_n from_o baronet_n though_o their_o wife_n have_v not_o this_o be_v but_o a_o temporary_a dignity_n and_o the_o other_o a_o heritable_a baron_n in_o england_n be_v lord_n with_o we_o but_o a_o baron_n with_o we_o be_v proper_o he_o who_o have_v power_n of_o pit_n and_o gallow_n and_o yet_o of_o old_a i_o conceive_v that_o lord_n and_o baron_n be_v the_o same_o for_o the_o statute_n of_o k._n robert_n 1._o bear_n to_o be_v make_v in_o his_o parliament_n hold_v at_o scoon_n with_o bishop_n abbot_n prior_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o his_o nobleman_n of_o his_o realm_n and_o in_o our_o old_a original_a act_n of_o parliament_n i_o find_v that_o the_o lord_n and_o baron_n be_v put_v in_o one_o column_n undistinguished_a and_o under_o the_o common_a name_n baron_n and_o in_o the_o first_o parliament_n of_o k._n ja._n the_o four_o i_o find_v the_o master_n of_o glames_z i._n e._n the_o lord_n glames_z elder_a son_n sit_v inter_v barones_n now_o the_o lord_n be_v call_v the_o great_a baron_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v call_v small_a baron_n in_o the_o 101._o act._n 7._o parl._n ja._n 1._o and_o ever_o since_o but_o yet_o i_o find_v by_o the_o 166._o act._n 13._o parl._n ja._n 6._o every_o earl_n or_o lord_n pay_v 2000_o pound_n for_o lawborrow_n and_o every_o great_a baron_n 1000_o pound_n but_o by_o great_a baron_n there_o be_v mean_v a_o baron_n of_o a_o considerable_a estate_n because_o that_o act_n be_v to_o proportion_v the_o surety_n to_o be_v find_v to_o the_o estate_n of_o he_o who_o find_v the_o surety_n the_o old_a baron_n or_o laird_n among_o we_o especial_o where_o they_o be_v chief_n of_o clan_n or_o the_o representative_n of_o old_a family_n that_o be_v earldom_n as_o pitcurr_n be_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o dirleton_n and_o as_o chief_a of_o the_o name_n of_o halyburton_n have_v never_o cede_v the_o precedency_n to_o knights-baronets_n much_o less_o to_o ordinar_n knight_n though_o the_o other_o pretend_v that_o a_o baron_n be_v no_o name_n of_o dignity_n and_o that_o knights-baronets_n have_v a_o special_a privilege_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o degree_n betwixt_o they_o and_o lord_n except_o the_o banneret_n and_o though_o militia_n non_fw-la est_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la dignitas_fw-la chassan_n fol._n 344._o yet_o general_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o next_o to_o knights-baronets_n succeed_v knights-batchelour_n and_o next_o to_o they_o our_o laird_n or_o landed-gentleman_n though_o a_o laird_n in_o effect_n be_v but_o the_o corrupt_a word_n of_o a_o lord_n among_o such_o as_o profess_v science_n the_o rank_v go_v thus_o uncontraverted_o 1_o o._n such_o as_o profess_v theology_n 2_o o._n such_o as_o profess_v the_o canon-law_n 3_o o._n the_o civil-law_n 4_o o._n philosophy_n 5_o o._n medicine_n 6_o o._n rhetoric_n 7_o o._n poescy_n 8_o o._n history_n 9_o o._n grammar_n 10_o o._n logic_n 11_o o._n arithmetic_n 12_o o._n geometry_n 13_o o._n music_n 14_o o._n astronomy_n chassan_n de_fw-fr gloria_fw-la mundi_fw-la pars_fw-la decima_fw-la and_o among_o these_o such_o as_o be_v doctor_n precede_v these_o that_o be_v not_o and_o among_o doctor_n the_o priority_n go_v by_o age._n in_o town_n these_o who_o inhabit_v city_n be_v prefer_v to_o such_o as_o inhabit_v burgh_n and_o general_o those_o in_o the_o metropolitan_a or_o capital_a city_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o the_o rest_n and_o those_o who_o have_v bear_v magistracy_n be_v even_o when_o their_o magistracy_n be_v over_o prefer_v to_o all_o other_o and_o so_o far_o be_v this_o precedency_n observe_v that_o 1_o o._n a_o young_a alderman_n or_o bailie_n take_v not_o precedency_n from_o his_o senior_n because_o he_o be_v knight_v or_o as_o be_v the_o elder_a knight_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o alderman_n craven_n who_o though_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o alderman_n be_v knight_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n james_n keep_v the_o precedency_n former_o due_a to_o he_o as_o senior_a alderman_n but_o though_o this_o hold_v 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that_o he_o shall_v take_v place_n according_a to_o his_o serjeancy_n and_o not_o after_o his_o knighthood_n yet_o his_o wife_n take_v her_o place_n of_o a_o lady_n before_o other_o sergeant_n wife_n the_o member_n of_o court_n do_v take_v place_n among_o themselves_o according_a to_o the_o precedency_n of_o the_o court_n where_o they_o serve_v as_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n take_v place_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o session_n in_o family_n likewise_o the_o chief_z of_o the_o family_n take_v place_n of_o any_o gentleman_n of_o the_o family_n and_o though_o general_o it_o be_v believe_v that_o gentleman_n have_v no_o precedency_n one_o from_o another_o yet_o reason_n and_o discretion_n do_v allow_v that_o a_o gentleman_n of_o three_o generation_n shall_v cede_fw-la to_o a_o gentleman_n of_o ten_o if_o there_o be_v not_o a_o very_a great_a disparity_n betwixt_o their_o fortune_n and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n almost_o that_o a_o gentleman_n of_o three_o generation_n claim_v precedency_n from_o any_o ordinary_a landed-man_n who_o be_v new_o acquire_v his_o land_n chap._n ix_o the_o precedency_n due_a to_o woman_n woman_n before_o their_o marriage_n have_v precedency_n by_o their_o father_n but_o there_o be_v this_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o male-children_n that_o the_o same_o precedency_n be_v due_a to_o all_o the_o daughter_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o elder_a though_o it_o be_v not_o so_o among_o son_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o difference_n seem_v to_o be_v that_o daughter_n will_v all_o succeed_v equal_o whereas_o the_o elder_a son_n exclude_v all_o the_o rest_n but_o if_o this_o be_v the_o adequat_fw-la and_o true_a reason_n then_o where_o the_o estate_n and_o honour_n be_v provide_v to_o the_o elder_a daughter_n only_o exclude_v the_o rest_n they_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v the_o same_o
opinion_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o same_o dignity_n in_o all_o promiscuous_a and_o indifferent_a act_n which_o fall_v in_o during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o representation_n and_o thus_o cautuccius_fw-la decis_fw-la 582._o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o bishop_n vicar_n send_v by_o he_o to_o hold_v a_o synod_n be_v to_o have_v precedency_n before_o all_o the_o chapter_n not_o only_o in_o the_o synod_n itself_o but_o likewise_o in_o all_o other_o assembly_n visit_n and_o intertainment_n during_o his_o commission_n but_o the_o contrare_fw-la of_o this_o be_v mantain_v by_o menoch_n consil._n 51._o and_o in_o my_o opinion_n these_o doctor_n may_v be_v thus_o reconcile_v viz._n if_o the_o representation_n flow_v immediate_o from_o the_o law_n as_o for_o instance_n if_o the_o council_n shall_v delegat_n any_o man_n to_o be_v sheriff_n there_o the_o person_n substitut_o will_v have_v in_o all_o case_n during_o his_o commission_n the_o same_o place_n that_o be_v due_a to_o he_o in_o who_o place_n he_o be_v surrogate_n for_o there_o surrogatum_fw-la sapit_fw-la naturam_fw-la surrogati_fw-la but_o if_o the_o representation_n flow_v from_o the_o person_n himself_o who_o he_o represent_v in_o that_o case_n the_o representative_a have_v only_o the_o precedency_n whilst_o he_o be_v exercise_v the_o office_n or_o in_o action_n thereto_o relate_v and_o thus_o sheriff-deputs_a with_o we_o have_v only_o the_o precedency_n due_a to_o their_o constituent_n while_o they_o be_v exercise_v these_o act_n which_o relate_v to_o their_o office_n and_o yet_o i_o think_v that_o those_o representative_n of_o subject_n have_v even_o in_o all_o extrinsic_a and_o indifferent_a act_n the_o precedency_n due_a to_o their_o constituent_n when_o they_o meet_v with_o other_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n and_o thus_o among_o sheriff-deputes_a etc._n etc._n the_o precedency_n be_v to_o be_v give_v according_a to_o the_o precedency_n that_o be_v due_a to_o the_o principal_a sheriff_n question_n thirty-nine_o what_o precedency_n be_v due_a to_o assessor_n appoint_v for_o judge_n and_o to_o extraordinary_a judge_n i_o conceive_v that_o assessor_n choose_v by_o a_o judge_n get_v no_o precedency_n thereby_o since_o subject_n can_v bestow_v dignity_n but_o that_o where_o the_o prince_n name_v any_o man_n assessor_n to_o a_o judicature_n the_o person_n so_o name_v have_v thereby_o the_o precedency_n next_o to_o the_o judge_n to_o who_o he_o be_v name_v assessor_n nam_fw-la est_fw-la ejus_fw-la umbra_fw-la his_o shadow_n as_o the_o law_n speak_v and_o the_o shadow_n shall_v follow_v the_o body_n and_o with_o we_o when_o the_o council_n name_v assessor_n to_o the_o justice_n the_o assessor_n vote_v only_o after_o the_o justice_n and_o yet_o in_o france_n i_o find_v that_o assessor_n take_v place_n after_o the_o precedent_n and_o before_o the_o other_o counsellor_n and_o so_o it_o be_v decide_v at_o paris_n 1608._o it_o may_v be_v also_o doubt_v whether_o our_o extraordinar_a lord_n of_o session_n who_o sit_v with_o and_o vote_v after_o the_o ordinar_n judge_n shall_v have_v place_n after_o they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o earl_n or_o nobleman_n as_o by_o the_o institution_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o be_v but_o not_o either_o as_o that_o the_o king_n may_v not_o promote_v gentleman_n hereafter_o quo_fw-la casn_a i_o think_v they_o will_v take_v place_n after_o the_o ordinar_n as_o they_o vote_v after_o they_o for_o these_o extraordinar_a lord_n be_v like_a to_o these_o adscriptitiâ—_n or_o allecti_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n ut_fw-la dignit_fw-la ord_n servetur_fw-la of_o who_o capitolinus_n in_o the_o life_n of_o pertinax_n quâ—m_n commodus_n allectionibus_fw-la innumeris_fw-la praetorios_fw-la miscuisset_fw-la senatus_fw-la consultum_fw-la pertinax_n fecit_fw-la jussitque_fw-la eos_fw-la qui_fw-la praeturas_fw-la non_fw-la gessissent_fw-la sed_fw-la allectione_fw-la accepissent_fw-la post_fw-la eos_fw-la esse_fw-la qui_fw-la veer_fw-la praetores_fw-la fuissent_fw-la question_n xl._o whether_o can_v the_o king_n create_v now_o a_o new_a earl_n and_o ordain_v he_o to_o precede_v all_o the_o former_a earl_n or_o any_o such_o number_n of_o they_o as_o he_o please_v it_o will_v seem_v that_o the_o king_n can_v for_o there_o be_v a_o precedency_n acquire_v to_o the_o former_a earl_n by_o their_o first_o gift_n the_o king_n can_v by_o any_o new_a gift_n prejudge_v three_o party_n and_o this_o be_v in_o effect_n to_o forfeit_v they_o of_o their_o precedency_n likeas_n it_o will_v seem_v that_o since_o most_o earldom_n be_v grant_v by_o erect_v land_n in_o a_o earldom_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o receiver_n that_o therefore_o the_o concession_n of_o land_n and_o honour_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n and_o that_o no_o new_a grant_n can_v prejudge_v the_o one_o more_o than_o the_o other_o but_o it_o may_v be_v urge_v on_o the_o king_n part_n that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o only_a fountain_n of_o honour_n he_o may_v do_v therein_o as_o he_o please_v except_o in_o so_o far_o as_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o law_n and_o therefore_o since_o there_o be_v no_o law_n with_o we_o limit_v the_o king_n in_o this_o point_n he_o may_v do_v therein_o as_o he_o please_v 2_o o._n the_o king_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v limit_v as_o to_o this_o point_n in_o england_n so_o that_o he_o can_v grant_v no_o such_o preference_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o this_o be_v former_o in_o his_o power_n even_o there_o and_o that_o since_o he_o be_v not_o limit_v here_o his_o power_n be_v here_o entire_a as_o to_o this_o point_n whereof_o many_o instance_n be_v give_v in_o answer_n to_o quest_n 35._o and_o since_o that_o statute_n it_o be_v think_v that_o his_o majesty_n may_v ordain_v the_o last_o knight_n to_o precede_v all_o the_o rest_n former_o dub_v and_o create_v because_o knight_n be_v not_o express_v in_o that_o statute_n 3_o o._n we_o see_v the_o king_n in_o scotland_n do_v empower_v countess_n to_o retain_v their_o former_a precedency_n though_o they_o marry_v a_o husband_n of_o a_o rank_a inferior_a to_o their_o first_o husband_n and_o duke_n daughter_n even_o after_o their_o marriage_n to_o retain_v the_o precedency_n due_a to_o they_o as_o duke_n daughter_n 4_o o._n his_o majesty_n do_v by_o new_a confirmation_n transfer_v the_o honour_n to_o hiers_n female_a though_o the_o patent_n at_o first_o be_v only_o grant_v to_o hiers_n male_a and_o so_o by_o the_o not_o exist_v of_o the_o hiers_n male_a those_o earl_n who_o have_v the_o next_o precedency_n may_v aswell_o allege_v that_o the_o king_n can_v not_o by_o any_o new_a right_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o hiers_n female_a prejudge_v they_o 5_o o._n his_o majesty_n do_v sometime_o appoint_v any_o of_o his_o officer_n of_o state_n to_o precede_v other_o as_o he_o please_v though_o these_o may_v likewise_o allege_v that_o there_o be_v jus_o quaesitum_fw-la to_o they_o by_o their_o prior_n gift_n 6_o o._n his_o majesty_n restore_v the_o son_n of_o person_n forfeit_v to_o their_o father_n precedency_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o jus_o quaesitum_fw-la by_o other_o medio_fw-la tempore_fw-la 7_o o._n the_o king_n have_v oblige_v himself_o not_o to_o prefer_v the_o knight_n of_o nova_n scotia_n or_o knights-baronets_n otherwise_o then_o according_a to_o their_o creation_n which_o have_v be_v unnecssar_n if_o the_o king_n can_v not_o have_v prefer_v they_o by_o his_o royal_a prerogative_n sometime_o also_o his_o majesty_n confirm_v to_o the_o nobility_n the_o entail_v of_o their_o estate_n whereby_o they_o have_v power_n to_o name_v their_o successor_n with_o the_o precedency_n due_a to_o themselves_o which_o right_o be_v ordinary_o ratify_v in_o parliament_n use_v to_o establish_v and_o transfer_v the_o precedency_n upon_o the_o heir_n or_o successor_n so_o nominate_v but_o since_o ratification_n pass_v without_o observation_n and_o oftentimes_o without_o read_v it_o may_v be_v doubt_v whether_o such_o a_o ratification_n shall_v prejudge_v even_o these_o who_o be_v member_n of_o parliament_n but_o much_o more_o such_o as_o be_v not_o present_a or_o such_o as_o be_v create_v thereafter_o these_o ratification_n not_o be_v proper_o public_a and_o legistative_a statute_n and_o so_o can_v bind_v only_o such_o as_o consent_v question_n xli_o whether_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v create_v a_o earl_n with_o precedency_n to_o all_o other_o earl_n during_o his_o life_n or_o if_o when_o a_o earl_n be_v forfeit_v will_v his_o lady_n in_o either_o of_o these_o case_n retain_v the_o precedency_n she_o former_o enjoy_v during_o her_o husband_n life_n to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v express_o decide_v in_o england_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o nottingham_n that_o he_o upon_o the_o surrender_n of_o the_o admiral_n office_n be_v by_o king_n james_n allow_v the_o same_o precedency_n that_o belong_v to_o john_n lord_n mowbray_n his_o predecessor_n that_o therefore_o his_o lady_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o same_o precedency_n
in_o dilectis_fw-la §_o si_fw-mi extraneas_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr noxalibus_fw-la the_o second_o be_v that_o those_o who_o command_v the_o noble_a and_o best_a subject_n be_v account_v the_o noble_a and_o best_a authent_v de_fw-fr defensoribus_fw-la civitatum_fw-la §_o nos_fw-it igitur_fw-la 3._o riches_n be_v the_o rise_n and_o occasion_n of_o dignity_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o chief_a ground_n of_o precedency_n among_o equal_n 4._o he_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v in_o dignity_n who_o general_o man_n esteem_v the_o great_a 5._o since_o honour_n be_v the_o reward_n of_o pain_n and_o danger_n those_o who_o take_v most_o pain_n and_o be_v liable_a to_o most_o danger_n for_o christendom_n and_o the_o christian_a faith_n aught_o to_o have_v the_o precedency_n in_o christendom_n and_o among_o christian_a prince_n and_o that_o pain_n and_o danger_n be_v ground_n of_o predency_n be_v urge_v from_o l._n semper_fw-la §_o negotiatores_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr jur_fw-fr immunitat_fw-la 6._o as_o all_o goodness_n be_v the_o noble_a the_o more_o communicative_a it_o be_v so_o these_o must_v be_v conclude_v the_o noble_a by_o who_o most_o people_n have_v advantage_n and_o therefore_o these_o king_n under_o who_o trade_n flourish_v most_o and_o who_o bestow_v salary_n upon_o and_o give_v a_o livelihood_n to_o most_o man_n aught_o by_o mankind_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o all_o which_o argument_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o if_o preference_n be_v to_o be_v give_v by_o choice_n and_o do_v not_o descend_v from_o the_o right_n of_o blood_n and_o antiquity_n than_o the_o former_a argument_n be_v indeed_o considerable_a and_o aught_o to_o direct_v the_o elector_n but_o where_o the_o antiquity_n of_o blood_n can_v be_v instruct_v it_o still_o give_v precedency_n as_o be_v clear_a from_o the_o author_n above_o cite_v and_o thus_o though_o we_o do_v confess_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o particular_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v rich_a great_a and_o more_o considerable_a upon_o these_o account_n than_o scotland_n be_v yet_o since_o the_o race_n of_o our_o king_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o either_o of_o they_o i_o conclude_v that_o therefore_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v chap._n iii_o that_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n be_v not_o subject_a to_o england_n some_o english_a historian_n lawyer_n and_o herald_n do_v too_o frequent_o abuse_v the_o world_n with_o a_o most_o groundless_a tradition_n by_o which_o they_o contend_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v vassal_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o do_v they_o homage_n for_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a will_v have_v take_v from_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n not_o only_o the_o precedency_n for_o which_o i_o have_v be_v debate_v but_o will_v have_v place_v they_o after_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o many_o other_o to_o who_o they_o be_v prefer_v and_o therefore_o not_o only_o to_o remove_v this_o objection_n but_o to_o free_v my_o country_n from_o this_o most_o unjust_a imputation_n i_o be_o resolve_v with_o very_a much_o respect_n to_o the_o english_a nation_n who_o wit_n courage_n and_o learning_n i_o very_o much_o esteem_n to_o inform_v the_o curious_a how_o unjust_a this_o pretence_n be_v and_o to_o which_o i_o have_v be_v not_o only_o incline_v but_o force_v upon_o the_o read_n of_o a_o rapsodie_n print_v late_o by_o mr._n prin_fw-mi in_o vindication_n as_o he_o speak_v pag._n 487._o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a king_n against_o the_o ungrate_a perfidious_a and_o rebellious_a king_n of_o scotland_n in_o which_o none_o of_o the_o learned_a or_o discreet_a english_a be_v concern_v since_o i_o find_v none_o who_o deserve_v that_o praise_n engage_v in_o this_o debate_n which_o have_v be_v agitate_a only_a by_o such_o of_o that_o excellent_a nation_n as_o have_v have_v more_o humour_n than_o discretion_n i_o deny_v not_o but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n do_v hold_v the_o land_n of_o northumberland_n cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o that_o they_o do_v they_o homage_n for_o it_o which_o be_v not_o dishonourable_a to_o scotland_n that_o be_v most_o ordinary_a among_o sovereign_a prince_n for_o thus_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n and_o several_a other_o of_o their_o king_n do_v homage_n to_o philip_n and_o other_o king_n of_o france_n for_o the_o province_n possess_v by_o they_o in_o france_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n do_v at_o this_o day_n homage_n yearly_a to_o the_o pope_n for_o naples_n and_o sicily_n and_o yet_o the_o homage_n do_v for_o these_o country_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o ignorant_a mistake_n in_o some_o and_o a_o malicious_a pretext_n for_o other_o to_o misrepresent_v the_o homage_n do_v for_o these_o county_n as_o do_v for_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o get_v these_o province_n from_o england_n be_v too_o honourable_a to_o be_v deny_v by_o we_o it_o be_v most_o undeniable_a that_o the_o scot_n be_v call_v in_o to_o assist_v first_o the_o britan_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o thereafter_o the_o saxon_n against_o the_o dane_n they_o have_v these_o province_n bestow_v upon_o they_o as_o a_o reward_n of_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o a_o encouragement_n to_o they_o to_o continue_v their_o friendship_n for_o the_o future_a and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v by_o st._n edward_n and_o ratify_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n as_o holinsh_v observe_n the_o scot_n be_v for_o that_o service_n likewise_o naturalize_v english_a for_o which_o naturalisation_n that_o statute_n give_v two_o reason_n one_o quia_fw-la omnes_fw-la ferme_fw-fr scoti_n proceres_fw-la ex_fw-la anglis_fw-la conjuges_fw-la coeperunt_fw-la &_o ipsi_fw-la rursus_fw-la ex_fw-la scotis_n and_o the_o other_o be_v quia_fw-la simul_fw-la &_o in_fw-la unum_fw-la contra_fw-la danos_n &_o norvegos_n atrocissime_fw-la pugnaverunt_fw-la but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n do_v hold_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n as_o vassal_n of_o england_n or_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n therefore_o will_v appear_v to_o be_v most_o false_a from_o the_o follow_a argument_n which_o must_v not_o be_v try_v by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n but_o by_o the_o civil_a and_o feudal_n law_n which_o be_v now_o become_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o be_v reverence_v as_o the_o sole_a judge_n in_o all_o difference_n betwixt_o nation_n and_o nation_n and_o which_o must_v be_v presume_v equal_a to_o both_o nation_n since_o make_v by_o neither_o 1._o all_o land_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v free_a from_o servitude_n except_o the_o servitude_n be_v clear_o instruct_v but_o much_o more_o be_v all_o kingdom_n presume_v to_o be_v free_a since_o ex_fw-la natura_fw-la rei_fw-la king_n and_o kingdom_n be_v independent_a &_o qualitas_fw-la quae_fw-la inesse_fw-la debet_fw-la inesse_fw-la presumitur_fw-la and_o by_o how_o much_o the_o presumption_n be_v strong_a by_o so_o much_o aught_o the_o probation_n which_o elid_n they_o be_v the_o strong_a and_o albeit_o all_o domestic_a proof_n ought_v to_o be_v reject_v in_o all_o case_n as_o suspect_v and_o partial_a yet_o the_o english_a can_v adduce_v nothing_o for_o obtrude_a this_o servitude_n upon_o we_o save_o the_o testimony_n of_o their_o own_o historian_n lawyer_n and_o herald_n 2._o the_o natural_a and_o legal_a way_n of_o prove_v any_o man_n to_o be_v a_o vassal_n be_v by_o production_n of_o the_o feudal_n contract_n betwixt_o the_o superior_a and_o vassal_n all_o feus_n require_v necessary_o write_v in_o their_o constitution_n nor_o can_v vassalage_n be_v legal_o prove_v otherwise_o whereas_o here_o the_o english_a can_v produce_v no_o formal_a nor_o original_a constitution_n of_o this_o few_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v see_v betwixt_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n the_o emperor_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n etc._n etc._n for_o all_o they_o can_v adduce_v be_v only_o posteriour_a acknowledgement_n of_o this_o vassalage_n via_fw-la facti_fw-la which_o be_v but_o a_o beg_n of_o the_o question_n and_o these_o be_v but_o accessory_n and_o consequential_a inference_n can_v subsist_v except_o the_o original_a constitution_n be_v first_o prove_v no_o more_o than_o the_o payment_n of_o feu_n duty_n to_o a_o superior_a either_o by_o force_n ignorance_n or_o mistake_v can_v prove_v the_o payer_n to_o be_v vassal_n for_o the_o future_a except_o the_o original_a feu_n be_v produce_v and_o as_o this_o be_v necessary_a in_o law_n so_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v in_o reason_n but_o that_o some_o obligation_n in_o writ_n or_o feudal_n contract_n will_v have_v be_v take_v by_o the_o english_a who_o be_v a_o very_a wise_a people_n and_o consult_v very_o prudent_o their_o own_o security_n in_o every_o thing_n else_o and_o if_o this_o contract_n have_v be_v once_o enter_v into_o it_o have_v be_v yet_o extant_a since_o the_o english_a can_v allege_v that_o ever_o they_o lose_v any_o of_o
any_o who_o have_v swear_v alleadgeance_n and_o live_v within_o the_o spanish_a dominion_n though_o not_o within_o milan_n since_o then_o the_o english_a will_v not_o allow_v we_o the_o right_n of_o sucession_n nor_o the_o other_o benefit_n due_a natural_o to_o subject_n it_o be_v strange_o monstruous_a and_o repugnant_a that_o they_o design_v to_o make_v the_o world_n believe_v that_o we_o be_v subject_n it_o be_v also_o very_o remarkable_a that_o if_o our_o kingdom_n have_v be_v only_o a_o feu_fw-fr hold_v of_o england_n our_o nobility_n can_v not_o have_v precedency_n from_o other_o according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n for_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o the_o superior_a kingdom_n ought_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o such_o as_o write_v of_o precedency_n to_o be_v prefer_v to_o these_o who_o live_v in_o the_o vassal-kingdom_n 10._o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v a_o feu_n to_o england_n the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o superior_a will_v have_v have_v the_o keep_n of_o our_o young_a prince_n and_o the_o dispose_n of_o they_o in_o marriage_n and_o the_o feu_n will_v have_v be_v in_o his_o hand_n during_o their_o minority_n that_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o right_n of_o proper_a feus_n by_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o this_o must_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v a_o proper_a feu_fw-fr as_o all_o feus_n be_v presume_v to_o be_v except_o the_o vassal_n can_v prove_v that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feu_n be_v impropriate_v for_o the_o vassal_n advantage_n but_o yet_o no_o king_n of_o england_n do_v ever_o pretend_v to_o the_o guardianship_n of_o our_o young_a prince_n nor_o to_o name_v governor_n during_o their_o minority_n but_o on_o the_o contrare_fw-la alexander_n king_n of_o scotland_n have_v leave_v only_o a_o young_a princess_n called_z margaret_z who_o be_v nice_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o young_a princess_n but_o entreat_v that_o she_o may_v be_v marry_v to_o edward_n the_o second_o his_o son_n and_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o issue_n of_o that_o marriage_n scotland_n shall_v remain_v a_o free_a kingdom_n as_o it_o be_v former_o inthe_n dependent_a from_o all_o pretension_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o be_v likewise_o another_o acknowledgement_n make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n themselves_o of_o the_o independency_n of_o scotland_n and_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v superior_n of_o scotland_n there_o will_v have_v be_v some_o vestige_n of_o this_o superiority_n to_o be_v see_v in_o our_o law_n whereas_o all_o our_o law_n call_v still_o our_o crown_n the_o imperial_a crown_n of_o scotland_n or_o in_o our_o coin_n all_o coin_n bear_v some_o impression_n from_o the_o superior_a and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v have_v remand_v from_o our_o court_n or_o out_o of_o our_o country_n such_o as_o have_v commit_v crime_n against_o their_o king_n or_o law_n it_o be_v a_o undoubted_a principle_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n that_o qui_fw-la habet_fw-la dominium_fw-la directum_fw-la potest_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la svam_fw-la explicare_fw-la tam_fw-la in_o territorio_fw-la vassalli_n quam_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la habet_fw-la enim_fw-la dominus_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la cumulativam_fw-la cum_fw-la vassallo_n but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o it_o can_v never_o be_v allege_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n offer_v to_o exerce_fw-la any_o jurisdiction_n in_o scotland_n or_o do_v require_v any_o criminal_o who_o have_v flee_v into_o scotland_n to_o be_v deliver_v up_o to_o they_o nor_o do_v ever_o the_o english_a pretend_v to_o punish_v such_o scotsmen_n as_o be_v take_v fight_v against_o they_o abroad_o as_o traitor_n and_o guilty_a of_o treason_n as_o certain_o they_o will_v have_v do_v if_o they_o have_v be_v vassal_n to_o england_n but_o on_o the_o contrair_a the_o english_a do_v also_o ransom_n they_o and_o use_v they_o every_o way_n as_o they_o do_v other_o stranger_n and_o foreigner_n 11._o the_o scot_n have_v intend_v a_o declarator_n of_o freedom_n against_o edward_n the_o first_o king_n of_o england_n the_o process_n be_v delegated_a by_o pope_n boniface_n the_o viii_o to_o baldredus_n one_o of_o the_o great_a lawyer_n of_o that_o time_n who_o consider_v very_o full_o the_o reason_n proponed_a hine_n inde_fw-la by_o both_o party_n and_o have_v make_v a_o full_a report_n to_o the_o pope_n the_o pope_n do_v very_o sharp_o reprove_v the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o declare_v that_o scotland_n do_v not_o depend_v upon_o it_o any_o manner_n of_o way_n and_o that_o the_o english_a have_v attack_v scotland_n most_o unjust_o against_o all_o both_o divine_a and_o humane_a law_n as_o duchesne_n observe_v pag._n 66._o the_o letter_n itself_o that_o be_v write_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n with_o all_o the_o process_n which_o be_v call_v processus_n baldredi_n be_v yet_o extant_a in_o fordons_n chronicle_n and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o england_n may_v have_v expect_v much_o more_o favour_n from_o the_o pope_n than_o scotland_n can_v since_o they_o pay_v he_o a_o constant_a revenue_n call_v peter_n penny_n and_o since_o england_n be_v know_v to_o afford_v much_o great_a casualty_n to_o the_o pope_n then_o can_v have_v be_v expect_v from_o this_o kingdom_n in_o state_v the_o argument_n which_o be_v propose_v by_o the_o english_a for_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v vassal_n for_o their_o crown_n to_o england_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o these_o which_o be_v insist_v upon_o by_o king_n edward_n the_o 1._o in_o the_o former_a process_n the_o first_o be_v that_o brutus_n descend_v from_o the_o trojan_n do_v conquer_v britain_n and_o divide_v it_o among_o his_o three_o son_n to_o the_o elder_a of_o who_o call_v by_o historian_n locrine_n or_o locuus_fw-la as_o he_o be_v term_v in_o that_o process_n he_o leave_v logria_n now_o call_v england_n to_o the_o second_o call_v albanactus_n he_o leave_v albany_n now_o call_v scotland_n to_o the_o three_o call_v camber_n he_o leave_v cambria_n now_o call_v wales_n but_o humbert_n king_n of_o the_o huns_n have_v kill_v albanactus_n locrine_n the_o elder_a to_o revenge_v his_o brother_n death_n do_v kill_v humbert_n and_o reunite_v albany_n to_o logria_n or_o england_n the_o second_o be_v that_o donvall_a king_n of_o the_o britan_n kill_v staterius_n king_n of_o scotland_n who_o rebel_v against_o he_o and_o become_v master_n of_o the_o whole_a isle_n which_o dunvall_a have_v two_o son_n belinus_n and_o brounus_fw-la he_o leave_v the_o superiority_n of_o scotland_n with_o england_n to_o the_o elder_a and_o the_o property_n only_o of_o scotland_n to_o the_o second_o the_o three_o be_v that_o arthur_n king_n of_o the_o britan_n have_v overcome_v scotland_n he_o give_v that_o kingdom_n to_o angusell_n who_o acknowledge_v he_o as_o his_o superior_a and_o carry_v the_o sword_n before_o he_o the_o four_o be_v that_o aldestan_n king_n of_o england_n have_v conquer_v constantine_n king_n of_o scotland_n do_v pray_v to_o god_n that_o by_o the_o intercession_n of_o st._n john_n de_fw-fr benlaco_n he_o may_v by_o a_o miracle_n be_v declare_v the_o just_a superior_a of_o scotland_n whereupon_o he_o do_v strict_a with_o his_o sword_n at_o a_o rock_n near_o dumbar_n and_o make_v a_o gape_v in_o it_o a_o full_a yard_n in_o length_n the_o five_o be_v that_o william_n king_n of_o scotland_n do_v acknowledge_v himself_o vassal_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n acknowledge_v himself_o vassal_n to_o king_n henry_n and_o that_o the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n call_v in_o the_o say_v edward_n to_o arbitrate_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o bruce_n and_o baliol._n peter_n heylen_n speak_v of_o scotland_n in_o his_o geography_n pag._n 1289._o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v still_o vassal_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o confirm_v by_o these_o argument_n 1._o by_o the_o homage_n service_n and_o other_o duty_n do_v by_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n to_o those_o of_o england_n malcome_n the_o three_o do_v homage_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n as_o william_n one_o of_o his_o successor_n do_v to_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o that_o not_o only_o for_o three_o county_n in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n or_o the_o earldom_n of_o huntingdoun_n as_o be_v by_o some_o pretend_a but_o for_o the_o very_a crown_n itself_o kenneth_n the_o three_o be_v also_o one_o of_o those_o titulary_a or_o vassal_n king_n who_o row_v king_n edgar_n over_o the_o dee_n 2._o by_o the_o interpose_v of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o scot_n to_o that_o interpose_v in_o determine_v the_o contraversie_n of_o succession_n betwixt_o bruce_n and_o balliol_n as_o in_o the_o like_a case_n philip_z the_o fair_a adjudge_v the_o title_n of_o artoys_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n and_o then_o in_o question_n betwixt_o the_o lady_n maud_n
and_o her_o nephew_n robert_n or_o as_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o france_n determine_v of_o the_o controversy_n betwixt_o john_n earl_n of_o montford_n and_o charles_n of_o bluis_fw-la for_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bretaigne_n 3._o by_o the_o confession_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o prelate_n peer_n and_o other_o the_o estate_n of_o scotland_n subscribe_v by_o all_o their_o hand_n and_o seal_n in_o the_o roll_n of_o ragman_n wherein_o they_o do_v acknowledge_v the_o superiority_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n not_o only_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o advantage_n as_o the_o sword_n have_v give_v he_o but_o as_o his_o original_n and_o undoubted_a right_n which_o roll_n be_v treacherous_o deliver_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o scot_n by_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_z in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o 4._o by_o the_o tacit_a confession_n of_o the_o king_n themselves_o who_o in_o their_o coin_n commission_n and_o public_a instrument_n assume_v not_o to_o themselves_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o scotland_n but_o of_o reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la or_o the_o king_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o thereby_o imitate_v that_o though_o they_o be_v king_n of_o the_o nation_n yet_o there_o be_v some_o superior_a lord_n king_n paramount_n as_o we_o may_v call_v he_o who_o have_v the_o royalty_n of_o the_o land_n 5._o by_o the_o judgement_n arrest_n of_o the_o court_n of_o england_n not_o only_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o but_o in_o sometime_o since_o for_o â—hen_o william_n wallace_n a_o scotsman_n by_o birth_n and_o the_o best_a soldier_n of_o that_o country_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o bring_v to_o london_n he_o be_v adjudge_v to_o suffer_v death_n as_o a_o traitor_n which_o have_v be_v illegal_a and_o unrighteous_a judgement_n have_v he_o be_v a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n and_o not_o look_v upon_o by_o the_o judge_n as_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n the_o like_a do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o simeon_n fraâ—â—ll_n another_o of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o the_o same_o king_n reign_n in_o like_a manner_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o court_n in_o the_o lord_n beaumont_n case_n when_o it_o be_v object_v that_o one_o of_o the_o witness_n be_v a_o scot_n and_o therefore_o as_o a_o alien_n not_o to_o give_v his_o evidence_n that_o his_o testimony_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v because_o the_o scot_n in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n do_v not_o go_v for_o alien_n and_o when_o one_o indict_v for_o a_o rape_n in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n desire_v a_o medietatem_fw-la linguae_fw-la because_o he_o be_v a_o scots-man_n and_o so_o a_o alien_n it_o be_v deny_v he_o by_o the_o court_n because_o the_o scot_n be_v not_o repute_v here_o as_o alien_n but_o as_o subject_n rather_o so_o also_o when_o robert_n vmsramville_n lord_n of_o kyme_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o by_o the_o name_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o angus_n which_o be_v a_o dignity_n in_o scotland_n and_o after_o in_o a_o writ_n against_o he_o be_v call_v by_o his_o own_o name_n of_o vmsramville_n without_o any_o addition_n of_o that_o honour_n the_o writ_n be_v adjudge_v to_o abate_v which_o i_o conceive_v the_o learned_a judge_n have_v not_o do_v if_o scotland_n have_v not_o be_v repute_v to_o be_v under_o the_o vassalage_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n 6._o and_o last_o by_o a_o charter_n of_o land_n and_o arm_n which_o i_o have_v in_o my_o custody_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o peter_n dodge_n of_o stopworth_n in_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n one_o of_o the_o ancestor_n of_o my_o mother_n in_o which_o it_o be_v express_v that_o the_o say_v land_n and_o arm_n be_v confer_v upon_o he_o by_o that_o king_n for_o his_o eminent_a service_n encontre_fw-fr son_fw-fr grand_fw-fr enemi_fw-fr &_o rebel_v balliol_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o vassal_n of_o england_n in_o answer_n to_o these_o objection_n found_v upon_o the_o reign_n of_o brutus_n i_o need_v say_v no_o more_o save_v that_o cambden_n and_o the_o other_o learned_a english_a writer_n do_v look_v upon_o the_o same_o as_o a_o mere_a fiction_n and_o for_o prove_v the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n to_o hold_v of_o england_n there_o must_v be_v authentic_a document_n in_o writ_n produce_v as_o have_v be_v former_o debate_v and_o this_o do_v sufficient_o answer_v all_o that_o be_v say_v of_o bellinus_n king_n arthur_n etc._n etc._n but_o to_o refute_v these_o fiction_n and_o to_o show_v how_o much_o of_o cheat_n be_v in_o all_o these_o contrivance_n i_o need_v only_o cite_v a_o passage_n from_o the_o learned_a aylet_n samme_n in_o his_o britannia_fw-la antiqua_fw-la pag._n 159._o who_o word_n be_v that_o which_o give_v some_o authotity_n to_o this_o fiction_n be_v the_o use_n king_n edward_n the_o first_o make_v of_o it_o in_o vindicate_v his_o title_n to_o scotland_n against_o the_o pretence_n of_o pope_n boniface_n and_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n who_o lay_v claim_v to_o that_o kingdom_n by_o ancient_a right_n as_o part_v of_o st._n peter_n patrimony_n and_o that_o church_n demesne_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o monk_n and_o friar_n have_v a_o great_a hand_n in_o make_v out_o this_o title_n by_o brute_n which_o story_n be_v now_o new_a vampt_a and_o from_o all_o part_n send_v out_o of_o these_o shop_n where_o at_o first_o it_o have_v be_v forge_v and_o hammer_v out_o and_o this_o do_v more_o evident_o appear_v if_o we_o consider_v many_o other_o part_n of_o the_o same_o letter_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o record_v cite_v by_o mr._n prin_fw-mi but_o especial_o that_o miracle_n of_o king_n adelstane_n who_o in_o perpetuam_fw-la rei_fw-la memoriam_fw-la to_o give_v a_o evident_a sign_n of_o his_o right_n to_o scotland_n with_o his_o sword_n strike_v a_o blow_n upon_o a_o rock_n near_o dumbar_n that_o he_o cleave_v it_o at_o least_o a_o elne_a wide_a as_o to_o the_o homage_n make_v by_o king_n malcome_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v absolute_o deny_v and_o not_o only_o do_v our_o historian_n and_o the_o historian_n of_o foreigner_n mention_v no_o such_o submission_n but_o they_o do_v on_o the_o contrair_a relate_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n have_v come_v with_o a_o design_n to_o conquer_v scotland_n he_o be_v force_v by_o malcome_n king_n of_o scotland_n to_o a_o peace_n very_o honourable_a and_o advantageous_a for_o scotland_n one_o article_n whereof_o be_v that_o william_n the_o conqueror_n shall_v restore_v such_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n as_o have_v flee_v to_o scotland_n for_o shelter_n to_o their_o estate_n and_o honour_n and_o how_o can_v it_o be_v imagine_v that_o scotland_n be_v then_o very_o unite_v and_o live_v under_o a_o most_o 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be_v null_a but_o especial_o in_o this_o case_n where_o the_o deed_n be_v such_o as_o that_o it_o will_v have_v be_v null_a however_o for_o even_o the_o most_o absolute_a king_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v able_a to_o alienate_v their_o kingdom_n or_o enslave_v it_o that_o by_o so_o do_v as_o some_o say_v they_o forfeit_v their_o own_o right_n and_o make_v the_o throne_n void_a for_o the_o next_o successor_n who_o be_v not_o oblige_v by_o what_o they_o have_v do_v and_o if_o any_o such_o act_n as_o this_o be_v bind_v than_o england_n by_o the_o same_o argument_n have_v remain_v a_o feu_n of_o the_o empire_n since_o richard_n the_o first_o their_o king_n do_v homage_n to_o henry_n the_o emperor_n for_o england_n and_o king_n john_n his_o brother_n do_v the_o like_a homage_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o offer_v to_o
their_o monument_n or_o record_n and_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o we_o have_v charter_n for_o these_o land_n we_o hold_v in_o england_n and_o that_o england_n have_v charter_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o the_o land_n they_o hold_v in_o france_n and_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o 1._o that_o king_n style_v himself_o rex_fw-la &_o superior_a dominus_fw-la regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la during_o his_o violent_a usurpation_n over_o scotland_n whereas_o never_o any_o king_n of_o england_n do_v so_o former_o and_o yet_o if_o they_o have_v have_v any_o such_o pretension_n they_o have_v assume_v the_o same_o title_n but_o this_o imaginary_a title_n begin_v and_o end_v with_o the_o force_n which_o only_o maintain_v it_o 3._o the_o english_a can_v condescend_v upon_o any_o reason_n which_o may_v have_v prevail_v with_o the_o scot_n to_o have_v become_v vassal_n to_o england_n nor_o any_o particular_a time_n when_o they_o first_o become_v vassal_n and_o all_o they_o can_v allege_v be_v that_o upon_o some_o impression_n of_o force_n some_o of_o our_o own_o king_n be_v prisoner_n or_o some_o of_o our_o people_n be_v oppress_v they_o do_v elicit_v from_o they_o acknowledgement_n of_o a_o vassalage_n former_o state_v whereas_o force_n render_v all_o acknowledgement_n null_n and_o that_o these_o acknowledgement_n be_v null_a upon_o many_o other_o account_n and_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v force_v to_o grant_v the_o like_a to_o other_o prince_n shall_v be_v prove_v clear_o in_o answer_n to_o the_o instance_n which_o the_o english_a adduce_v 4._o scotland_n have_v be_v habit_n and_o repute_n and_o acknowledge_v to_o be_v a_o free_a monarchy_n and_o their_o king_n independent_a and_o supreme_a and_o that_o not_o only_o by_o all_o foreign_a prince_n the_o best_a judge_n in_o this_o case_n who_o have_v receive_v and_o prefer_v their_o ambassador_n as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o free_a prince_n but_o even_o in_o general_a council_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n have_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n hungary_n pole_n navarr_n cyprus_n bohemia_n denmark_n and_o thus_o they_o be_v rank_v by_o pope_n julius_n the_o ii_o anno_fw-la 1504_o vid._n besold_n sinop._n doct_n politicae_fw-la lib._n 20._o cap._n 10._o which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v do_v if_o he_o have_v be_v only_o a_o feudatory_a prince_n since_o all_o free_a prince_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o feudatory_a prince_n yea_o and_o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v vassal_n to_o england_n for_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v certain_o crave_v and_o obtain_v the_o precedency_n from_o other_o king_n upon_o that_o account_n since_o he_o have_v be_v rex_fw-la regum_fw-la and_o since_o france_n crave_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o spain_n because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v his_o vassal_n as_o chassanaeus_n observe_v part_v 5._o consider_v 19_o so_o much_o rather_o ought_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o have_v be_v prefer_v because_o they_o may_v have_v allege_v that_o there_o be_v a_o crown_n hold_v of_o they_o whereas_o they_o hold_v only_o some_o feu-land_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n 5._o not_o only_o christian_a prince_n and_o council_n but_o even_o pope_n have_v declare_v scotland_n to_o be_v a_o free_a kingdom_n and_o independent_a from_o england_n and_o thus_o pope_n honorius_n allow_v to_o scotland_n that_o be_v subject_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o answer_v by_o way_n of_o appeal_n to_o any_o court_n without_o their_o own_o kingdom_n salva_fw-la solummodo_fw-la authoritate_fw-la sedis_fw-la apostolicae_fw-la 2._o edward_n king_n of_o england_n have_v petition_v pope_n innocent_a the_o iv._o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n may_v not_o be_v anoint_v or_o crown_v without_o his_o knowledge_n quod_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n se_fw-la facere_fw-la ipso_fw-la inscio_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la coronari_fw-la vel_fw-la inungi_fw-la the_o say_a pope_n do_v refuse_v the_o same_o presentibus_fw-la procuratoribus_fw-la parium_fw-la in_o consilio_fw-la lugdunensi_fw-la satis_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la determinans_fw-la regnum_fw-la scotiae_fw-la regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la non_fw-la subesse_fw-la 3._o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v likewise_o petition_v the_o same_o pope_n innocent_a that_o he_o may_v have_v liberty_n to_o collect_v the_o tithe_n of_o scotland_n since_o he_o have_v right_o terrarum_fw-la omnium_fw-la suae_fw-la jurisdictioni_fw-la subjectarum_fw-la the_o same_o be_v also_o refuse_v 4._o pope_n boniface_n the_o eight_o do_v in_o a_o letter_n to_o edward_n king_n of_o england_n declare_v that_o ad_fw-la celsitudinem_fw-la regiam_fw-la potuit_fw-la pervenisse_fw-la qualiter_fw-la ab_fw-la antiquis_fw-la temporibus_fw-la etc._n etc._n quodque_fw-la regnum_fw-la scotiae_fw-la sicut_fw-la accepimus_fw-la a_fw-la progenitoribus_fw-la tuis_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la regibus_fw-la feudale_n non_fw-la extitit_fw-la nec_fw-la existit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o copy_n of_o which_o letter_n i_o have_v at_o present_a and_o duchesne_n write_v the_o history_n of_o great_a britain_n do_v pag._n 661._o relate_v that_o le_fw-fr mesine_fw-la pape_n renvoya_n d'_fw-fr autres_fw-fr lettres_n au_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'_fw-fr anglterre_n pour_fw-fr soustenir_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr royaume_fw-fr de_fw-fr escosse_n ne_fw-fr dependoit_fw-fr point_fw-fr d'_fw-fr anglterre_n &_o que_fw-fr contre_fw-fr le_fw-fr droit_fw-fr divin_n &_o la_fw-fr justice_n il_fw-fr s'_fw-fr en_fw-fr vindicoit_fw-fr la_fw-fr subjection_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o same_o pope_n send_v letter_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o which_o he_o maintain_v that_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n be_v no_o way_n subject_n to_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o his_o seek_v to_o subject_v it_o to_o he_o as_o superior_a be_v contrare_fw-la to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o men._n 6._o by_o the_o feudal_n law_n and_o law_n of_o nation_n a_o vassal_n can_v mortify_v any_o part_n of_o his_o feu_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o superior_a because_o the_o superior_a by_o the_o mortification_n lose_v the_o service_n due_a to_o he_o out_o of_o his_o feu_n churchman_n be_v oblige_v to_o no_o reddendo_fw-la but_o praeces_fw-la &_o vota_fw-la and_o therefore_o in_o all_o mortification_n make_v by_o vassal_n the_o superior_n confirmation_n be_v still_o require_v and_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v but_o that_o if_o scotland_n have_v be_v a_o feu_fw-fr hold_v of_o england_n the_o pope_n their_o conclave_n and_o the_o monastry_n themselves_o will_v have_v seek_v confirmation_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n of_o the_o mortification_n make_v by_o the_o king_n and_o subject_n of_o scotland_n there_o be_v more_o erection_n of_o that_o kind_n in_o scotland_n than_o in_o any_o nation_n of_o equal_a revenue_n and_o yet_o never_o any_o such_o confirmation_n be_v seek_v or_o pretend_v to_o but_o on_o the_o contrare_fw-la the_o pope_n still_o confirm_v these_o erection_n as_o make_v per_fw-la reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la as_o he_o do_v in_o all_o other_o nation_n or_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n confirm_v these_o erection_n if_o they_o be_v make_v by_o any_o of_o his_o vassal_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o pope_n do_v in_o these_o confirmation_n design_v our_o king_n regem_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o not_o scotorum_fw-la 7._o the_o historian_n also_o of_o other_o nation_n do_v concur_v with_o those_o of_o our_o nation_n in_o assert_v this_o freedom_n and_o thus_o arnisaeus_n the_o best_a lawyer_n who_o have_v write_v upon_o these_o politic_a question_n do_v look_v upon_o this_o pretence_n as_o a_o mere_a fiction_n lib._n 1._o cap._n 5._o anglus_fw-la scotorum_fw-la regem_fw-la habebat_fw-la sibi_fw-la fiduciarium_fw-la sive_fw-la ratione_fw-la aliquot_fw-la regionum_fw-la sive_fw-la ratione_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regni_fw-la ut_fw-la nimis_fw-la audacter_fw-la asserit_fw-la math._n steph._n nam_fw-la haec_fw-la vetustate_fw-la temporis_fw-la &_o obscuritate_fw-la authorum_fw-la sunt_fw-la incerta_fw-la and_o duchesne_n pag._n 21._o speak_v of_o scotland_n assert_n positive_o that_o its_o king_n do_v recognosce_fw-la no_o superior_a but_o god_n and_o be_v every_o way_n a_o sovereign_a prince_n notwithstanding_o of_o the_o old_a pretension_n of_o england_n le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr possede_n en_fw-fr toute_fw-fr souverainté_fw-fr sans_fw-fr recognoistre_fw-fr au_fw-fr cun_fw-fr superieur_fw-fr que_fw-fr dieu_fw-fr bien_fw-fr que_fw-fr c_o '_o estoit_fw-fr ancienne_fw-fr praetension_n des_fw-fr anglois_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr d'escosse_n est_fw-fr vassal_n de_fw-fr leur_fw-fr couronne_fw-fr 8._o not_o only_o have_v foreign_a prince_n general_a council_n and_o the_o lawyer_n and_o historian_n of_o other_o nation_n declare_v scotland_n to_o be_v a_o free_a kingdom_n but_o even_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v acknowledge_v this_o freedom_n and_o independency_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o these_o instance_n 1._o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n of_o england_n have_v treat_v with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o scotland_n whereas_o no_o superior_a can_v treat_v with_o his_o own_o vassal_n as_o a_o foreigner_n nor_o can_v a_o vassal_n send_v ambassador_n to_o his_o superior_a for_o a_o ambassador_n must_v be_v
equal_a to_o he_o to_o who_o he_o be_v send_v and_o be_v in_o law_n no_o way_n liable_a to_o his_o jurisdiction_n and_o this_o be_v among_o other_o the_o opinion_n of_o alberic_n gentil_n a_o engglish_a lawyer_n de_fw-fr legationibus_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 10._o and_o it_o be_v clear_a from_o liv._o lib._n 6._o &_o lib._n 43._o 2._o king_n henry_n of_o england_n be_v to_o enter_v upon_o a_o war_n with_o simeon_n earl_n of_o leicester_n do_v entreat_v supply_n from_o alexander_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o lest_o this_o may_v infer_v any_o acknowledgement_n of_o his_o superiority_n he_o do_v by_o letter_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o by_o his_o ambassador_n public_o declare_v that_o he_o do_v not_o crave_v this_o aid_n as_o superior_a to_o which_o superiority_n he_o have_v no_o pretence_n 3._o the_o same_o king_n alexander_n be_v invite_v to_o assist_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n edward_n and_o be_v unwilling_a to_o go_v there_o lest_o it_o may_v infer_v a_o acknowledgement_n king_n edward_n do_v declare_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la debito_fw-la sed_fw-la ex_fw-la gratia_n tantummodo_fw-la hoc_fw-la petebat_fw-la 4._o the_o same_o king_n alexander_n be_v to_o make_v homage_n in_o england_n to_o king_n edward_n for_o the_o land_n of_o penrith_n and_o tindale_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o king_n edward_n he_o do_v public_o protest_v quod_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la regno_fw-la scotiae_fw-la sed_fw-la pro_fw-la terris_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it dictum_fw-la homagium_fw-la faciebat_fw-la rexque_fw-la iste_fw-la angliae_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la homagium_fw-la admisit_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la talia_fw-la fuisse_fw-la &_o similia_fw-la prius_fw-la facta_fw-la homagia_fw-la regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la per_fw-la reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la nam_fw-la talia_fw-la fuisse_fw-la praesumitur_fw-la quale_fw-la fuit_fw-la illud_fw-la declaratum_fw-la &_o expositum_fw-la homagium_fw-la nam_fw-la talia_fw-la sunt_fw-la subjecta_fw-la qualia_fw-la praeadicata_fw-la admittunt_fw-la which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n use_v in_o the_o answer_n make_v by_o the_o scot_n before_o the_o pope_n where_o all_o the_o former_a four_o instance_n be_v full_o discuss_v and_o be_v offer_v to_o be_v prove_v by_o witness_n beyond_o all_o exception_n the_o writ_n themselves_o have_v be_v design_o take_v away_o by_o king_n edward_n and_o fordon_n have_v in_o his_o history_n unprint_v copy_n of_o several_a letter_n write_v by_o the_o say_a pope_n boniface_n and_o other_o declare_v that_o those_o instance_n consist_v in_o their_o knowledge_n and_o some_o of_o those_o instance_n be_v full_o repeat_v by_o duchesne_n pag._n 661._o who_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v since_o he_o be_v a_o stranger_n and_o even_o matthew_n paris_n a_o learned_a english_a historian_n do_v declare_v that_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o do_v when_o he_o be_v go_v to_o the_o holy_a war_n disclaim_v this_o pretend_a superiority_n over_o scotland_n anno_fw-la 1188._o which_o disclamation_n be_v likewise_o observe_v by_o hovedean_n another_o historian_n of_o the_o same_o nation_n and_o when_o matthew_n paris_n speak_v of_o the_o homage_n do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v it_o only_o to_o be_v for_o his_o land_n in_o england_n rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la willielmus_fw-la fecit_fw-la homagium_fw-la regi_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ricardo_n de_fw-la jure_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it which_o be_v ordinary_o the_o stile_n use_v by_o historian_n when_o they_o write_v of_o this_o subject_a and_o thus_o duchesne_n say_v that_o alexander_n make_v homage_n to_o henry_n the_o three_o for_o his_o possession_n in_o england_n but_o refuse_v to_o make_v he_o homage_n for_o scotland_n and_o that_o king_n alexander_n send_v a_o cartell_n to_o king_n henry_n for_o assert_v that_o he_o have_v make_v he_o homage_n for_o scotland_n the_o copy_n of_o the_o homage_n be_v yet_o extant_a at_o rome_n and_o the_o minute_n of_o it_o be_v thus_o express_v in_o the_o record_n of_o our_o old_a abbacy_n memorandum_n anno_fw-la gratiae_n milesimo_fw-la ducentesimo_fw-la septuagesimo_fw-la octavo_fw-la apostolorum_fw-la simonis_n &_o judae_fw-la apud_fw-la westmonasterium_fw-la alexander_n rex_fw-la scotiae_fw-la fecit_fw-la homagium_fw-la domino_fw-la edwardo_n regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la filio_fw-la regis_fw-la henrici_fw-la sub_fw-la his_fw-la verbis_fw-la ego_fw-la devenero_fw-la hominem_fw-la vestrum_fw-la pro_fw-la terris_fw-la quas_fw-la de_fw-la vobis_fw-la teneo_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la de_fw-la quibus_fw-la homagium_fw-la vobis_fw-la debeo_fw-la salvo_fw-la regno_fw-la meo_fw-la tunc_fw-la dixit_fw-la episcopus_fw-la norvicensis_fw-la &_o salvum_fw-la sit_fw-la regi_fw-la angliae_fw-la si_fw-la jus_o habuerit_fw-la ad_fw-la homagium_fw-la vestrum_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la cui_fw-la rex_fw-la statim_fw-la respondit_fw-la aperte_fw-la dicens_fw-la ad_fw-la homagium_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la scotiae_fw-la nullus_fw-la jus_o habet_fw-la nisi_fw-la solus_fw-la deus_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la ullo_fw-la teneo_fw-la nisi_fw-la solo_fw-la deo_fw-la 4._o king_n alexander_n have_v die_v without_o male_n edward_n the_o first_o treat_v for_o a_o marriage_n betwixt_o margaret_n princess_n of_o scotland_n call_v the_o maid_n of_o norway_n and_o edward_n his_o son_n in_o which_o there_o be_v many_o pregnant_a acknowledgement_n of_o this_o freedom_n volentes_fw-la &_o concedentes_fw-la quod_fw-la deficientibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la edwardo_n &_o margarita_n vel_fw-la eorum_fw-la altero_fw-la absque_fw-la liberis_fw-la extantibus_fw-la in_fw-la omni_fw-la casu_fw-la &_o eventu_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la ad_fw-la proximiores_fw-la haeredes_fw-la regnum_fw-la praedictum_fw-la debeat_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la reverti_fw-la integre_n habere_fw-la absolute_a absque_fw-la ulla_fw-la subjectione_n revertatur_fw-la &_o restituatur_fw-la iisdem_fw-la and_o in_o the_o close_a of_o that_o paper_n it_o be_v say_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o prejudice_n do_v to_o either_o of_o the_o kingdom_n quin_fw-la libere_fw-la habeant_fw-la statum_fw-la suum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o deputation_n give_v by_o the_o governor_n of_o scotland_n date_v at_o melross_n anno_fw-la 1289._o for_o treat_v that_o marriage_n this_o express_a reservation_n be_v insert_v salvis_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la &_o singulis_fw-la &_o per_fw-la omne_fw-la libertate_fw-la &_o honore_n regni_fw-la scotiae_fw-la which_o reservation_n be_v likewise_o insert_v in_o a_o warrant_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n for_o treat_v the_o say_a marriage_n and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o all_o the_o scottish_a address_n to_o he_o and_o accept_v by_o he_o he_o be_v only_o design_v rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la dominus_fw-la hiberniae_fw-la &_o dux_n aquitaniae_n but_o never_o design_v himself_o dominus_fw-la superior_a scotiae_fw-la till_o after_o the_o war_n which_o show_v that_o his_o former_a airy_a title_n be_v very_o unjust_a 9_o as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o scot_n to_o be_v no_o vassal_n so_o have_v their_o law_n and_o lawyer_n for_o it_o be_v content_v by_o these_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v alien_n to_o england_n and_o can_v not_o have_v succeed_v to_o any_o estate_n in_o england_n without_o be_v naturalize_v whereas_o alibi_fw-la genitura_fw-la presuppose_n that_o the_o alibi_fw-la nati_fw-la be_v not_o vassal_n for_o this_o jus_o alibi_fw-la geniturae_fw-la call_v by_o the_o french_a droit_fw-fr d'_fw-fr aubeyne_n be_v settle_v upon_o this_o maxim_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n that_o because_o feus_n be_v grant_v by_o over-lord_n or_o superior_n upon_o design_n and_o promise_n that_o their_o vassal_n shall_v serve_v they_o upon_o all_o occasion_n against_o all_o person_n and_o never_o reveal_v their_o secret_n nor_o conceal_v what_o may_v be_v their_o disadvantage_n therefore_o feudalist_n do_v just_o conclude_v that_o no_o man_n can_v be_v liege_n man_n to_o two_o supreme_a superior_n or_o over-lord_n because_o these_o duty_n be_v imprestable_a to_o both_o see_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o one_o may_v be_v incompatible_a with_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o other_o and_o they_o may_v by_o war_a against_o one_o another_o distract_v the_o alleadgeance_n of_o their_o vassal_n and_o because_o man_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o serve_v their_o native_a prince_n than_o other_o therefore_o stranger_n be_v always_o suspect_v nor_o have_v they_o allowance_n to_o sell_v the_o feus_n to_o which_o they_o succeed_v lest_o they_o shall_v carry_v away_o the_o price_n out_o of_o the_o country_n and_o possible_o employ_v it_o against_o the_o same_o country_n which_o principle_n seem_v at_o first_o to_o have_v flow_v from_o the_o roman_a law_n by_o which_o the_o good_n of_o stranger_n die_v in_o rome_n fall_v to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o fisk_n &_o fiebant_fw-la caduca_fw-la with_o this_o foundation_n of_o the_o feudal_n law_n found_v upon_o so_o clear_a reason_n do_v the_o custom_n of_o other_o nation_n agree_v who_o account_v not_o these_o alien_n who_o live_v under_o the_o same_o alleadgeance_n thus_o rageau_n pag._n 67._o aubains_fw-fr sont_fw-fr estranger_n mais_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d qui_fw-fr n'_fw-fr est_fw-fr pa_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr soveraignete_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr courounne_n de_fw-fr france_n vid._n bacquet_n du_fw-fr droit_fw-fr d'_fw-fr aubeyne_n print_v in_o the_o year_n 1557._o and_o by_o the_o custom_n of_o milan_n the_o experte_a feudalist_n of_o all_o the_o world_n alibi_fw-la genitura_fw-la extend_v not_o to_o
petitionem_fw-la willielmi_n regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la he_o grant_v a_o liberty_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o aberbrothick_n to_o transport_v their_o good_n through_o england_n free_a from_o custom_n and_o matth._n par._n in_o many_o treatise_n relate_v by_o he_o give_v they_o that_o title_n and_o pope_n innocent_a the_o three_o in_o a_o express_a rescript_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o canon_n law_n cap._n 4._o decret_a de_fw-fr immunit_fw-la eccles._n write_v innocentius_n iii_o illustri_fw-la regi_fw-la scotiae_fw-la which_o behove_v to_o be_v to_o king_n william_n who_o do_v reign_v in_o that_o pope_n time_n nor_o be_v this_o argument_n from_o the_o designation_n conclude_v since_o it_o be_v not_o convertible_a for_o even_o feudatory_a king_n do_v and_o do_v assume_v their_o designation_n from_o the_o kingdom_n they_o hold_v as_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n sicily_n etc._n etc._n which_o evince_v that_o it_o follow_v not_o necessary_o that_o the_o king_n of_o these_o kingdom_n be_v feudatory_a king_n because_o they_o be_v design_v reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la and_o not_o scotiae_fw-la and_o in_o many_o place_n of_o his_o history_n matth._n paris_n call_v the_o king_n of_o england_n reges_fw-la anglorum_fw-la as_o in_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o king_n john_n henry_n the_o three_o it_o appear_v also_o by_o the_o former_a transaction_n betwixt_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o the_o governor_n of_o scotland_n that_o margaret_n be_v even_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n constant_o design_v regina_fw-la ac_fw-la domina_fw-la scotiae_fw-la and_o i_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o contract_n of_o marriage_n betwixt_o henry_n the_o vii_o for_o his_o daughter_n queen_n margaret_n and_o james_n the_o iv._o that_o sometime_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v rex_fw-la scotorum_fw-la and_o sometime_o rex_fw-la scotiae_fw-la in_o the_o same_o paper_n and_o the_o commission_n grant_v by_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n for_o complete_n that_o marriage_n be_v call_v commissio_fw-la regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la pro_fw-la matrimonio_fw-la in_o all_o which_o contract_n the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v call_v charissimus_fw-la noster_fw-la frater_fw-la a_o title_n never_o grant_v to_o a_o feudatory_a king_n by_o his_o superior_a and_o the_o people_n of_o scotland_n be_v there_o call_v subditi_fw-la regis_fw-la scotiae_fw-la whereas_o if_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n have_v be_v only_o a_o feudatory_a prince_n we_o have_v be_v subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o not_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n and_o there_o need_v no_o other_o argument_n against_o heylen_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v ofttimes_o call_v reges_fw-la scotiae_fw-la than_o the_o instance_n bring_v by_o himself_o of_o the_o charter_n grant_v by_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o to_o peter_n dodge_n wherein_o balliol_n be_v confess_v by_o himself_o to_o be_v call_v roy_fw-fr de_fw-fr escosse_n king_n of_o scotland_n and_o this_o prove_v that_o the_o say_v heylen_n lay_v down_o ground_n which_o be_v not_o only_o false_a but_o inconsistent_a but_o second_o though_o this_o be_v true_a yet_o it_o prove_v nothing_o see_v the_o goth_n and_o pict_n be_v a_o free_a people_n and_o yet_o their_o king_n be_v call_v reges_fw-la pictorum_fw-la &_o gothorum_fw-la which_o phrase_n be_v ordinary_a among_o conquer_a nation_n such_o as_o the_o scot_n be_v who_o prince_n have_v at_o first_o no_o fix_v kingdom_n do_v whilst_o their_o people_n be_v spread_v themselves_o in_o colony_n rather_o assume_v a_o title_n from_o the_o people_n than_o from_o their_o country_n and_o see_v man_n be_v vassal_n and_o not_o land_n it_o will_v follow_v according_a to_o the_o term_n use_v by_o feudalist_n that_o see_v our_o king_n be_v reges_fw-la scotorum_fw-la that_o therefore_o the_o man_n be_v not_o vassal_n and_o so_o they_o hold_v not_o their_o land_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n nor_o be_v ejus_fw-la subvassalli_n aut_fw-la valvassores_fw-la the_o argument_n urge_v from_o many_o decision_n in_o england_n find_v that_o we_o be_v punishable_a as_o traitor_n in_o england_n and_o that_o we_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o subject_n and_o not_o as_o alien_n by_o their_o judge_n deserve_v no_o other_o answer_n then_o that_o since_o their_o king_n by_o their_o power_n can_v not_o make_v we_o vassal_n neither_o can_v their_o parliament_n or_o judge_n treat_v we_o as_o such_o and_o if_o their_o gownsman_n can_v have_v make_v we_o such_o they_o need_v not_o have_v employ_v arm_n to_o have_v shed_v so_o much_o blood_n in_o the_o quarrel_n nor_o can_v such_o domestic_a testimony_n prove_v in_o a_o case_n of_o so_o great_a importance_n and_o yet_o even_o the_o english_a proceed_n against_o those_o of_o our_o nation_n show_v that_o their_o own_o judicatories_n and_o lawyer_n consider_v we_o not_o as_o vassal_n but_o as_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o free_a and_o independent_a kingdom_n and_o among_o many_o other_o instance_n i_o shall_v only_o remember_v that_o of_o queen_n mary_n against_o who_o that_o nation_n proceed_v not_o as_o a_o vassal_n but_o as_o a_o person_n who_o have_v make_v herself_o liable_a to_o their_o jurisdiction_n ratione_fw-la loci_fw-la delicti_fw-la which_o be_v very_o clear_a by_o zouch_n de_fw-fr judicio_fw-la inter_fw-la gentes_fw-la part_n 2._o sect_n 6._o who_o very_a word_n i_o have_v here_o set_v down_o to_o prove_v not_o only_o this_o but_o that_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n be_v absoluti_fw-la and_o equal_a to_o and_o independent_a from_o those_o of_o england_n be_v both_o pare_v &_o absoluti_fw-la principes_fw-la his_o word_n be_v erant_fw-la boni_fw-la rerum_fw-la estimatores_fw-la qui_fw-la asperius_fw-la cum_fw-la illa_fw-la actum_fw-la affirmabant_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la fuerit_fw-la princip_n libera_fw-la &_o absoluta_fw-la in_fw-la quam_fw-la solius_fw-la dei_fw-la sit_fw-la imperium_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o majestatem_fw-la peccare_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n cui_fw-la subdita_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la quod_fw-la par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la habeat_fw-la potestatem_fw-la unde_fw-la judicium_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la in_o robertum_fw-la siciliae_fw-la regem_fw-la irritum_fw-la pronounciatum_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la imperio_fw-la ejus_fw-la non_fw-la esset_fw-la subditus_fw-la alii_fw-la aliter_fw-la censebant_fw-la illam_fw-la scilicet_fw-la subditam_fw-la esse_fw-la etsi_fw-la non_fw-la originariam_fw-la tamen_fw-la temporariam_fw-la quia_fw-la duo_fw-la absoluti_fw-la principes_fw-la quoad_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la in_fw-la uno_fw-la regno_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la parem_fw-la in_o parem_fw-la habere_fw-la potestatem_fw-la quoties_fw-la paris_n judicio_fw-la se_fw-la submiserit_fw-la vel_fw-la express_v verbis_fw-la vel_fw-la tacit_a contrahendo_fw-la vel_fw-la delinquendo_fw-la intra_fw-la paris_n scilicet_fw-la jurisdictionem_fw-la &_o papam_fw-la sententiam_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la in_o robertum_fw-la siculùm_fw-la rescidisse_fw-la quod_fw-la factum_fw-la in_o territorio_fw-la imperiali_fw-la non_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sed_fw-la papali_fw-la denique_fw-la nullum_fw-la magnum_fw-la extare_fw-la exemplum_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la aliquid_fw-la ex_fw-la iniquo_fw-la habeat_fw-la and_o in_o the_o process_n against_o the_o bishop_n of_o ross_n as_o it_o be_v relate_v both_o by_o the_o foreign_a lawyer_n and_o by_o cambden_n it_o clear_o appear_v that_o he_o be_v proceed_v against_o not_o as_o a_o subject_a of_o england_n but_o as_o a_o mere_a stranger_n who_o not_o be_v subject_n ratione_fw-la originis_fw-la become_v subject_a ratione_fw-la delicti_fw-la as_o they_o allege_v and_o the_o learned_a author_n of_o the_o late_a jus_o maritimum_fw-la pag._n 451._o have_v speak_v of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o england_n over_o ireland_n have_v these_o word_n but_o in_o scotland_n it_o be_v otherways_o for_o that_o be_v a_o kingdom_n absolute_a and_o not_o like_o ireland_n which_o be_v a_o crown_n annex_v by_o conquest_n but_o the_o other_o be_v by_o union_n and_o though_o they_o be_v unite_v under_o one_o prince_n ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la yet_o their_o law_n be_v distinct_a so_o as_o they_o have_v never_o be_v unite_v and_o therefore_o the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n in_o each_o other_o must_v be_v do_v upon_o request_n and_o that_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n nor_o need_v i_o answer_v the_o argument_n bring_v from_o the_o procedure_n against_o the_o heroic_a wallace_n and_o other_o for_o these_o instance_n show_v rather_o a_o excessive_a resentment_n upon_o present_a hostility_n than_o the_o justice_n of_o those_o who_o against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n proceed_v to_o murder_v such_o as_o be_v indeed_o prisoner_n of_o war_n fight_v for_o their_o own_o native_a king_n and_o country_n and_o even_o the_o english_a of_o that_o age_n by_o enter_v into_o truce_n ransom_v of_o prisoner_n and_o do_v all_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v only_o allowable_a in_o a_o just_a war_n may_v convince_v all_o mankind_n that_o in_o this_o and_o the_o like_a instance_n they_o succumb_v to_o the_o bitterness_n of_o their_o present_a passion_n i_o must_v here_o also_o crave_v leave_v to_o assert_v that_o though_o vassal_n be_v not_o to_o be_v treat_v as_o alien_n yet_o we_o find_v very_o frequent_o in_o history_n that_o whole_a nation_n have_v be_v naturalize_v and_o have_v
the_o first_o two_o race_n because_o according_a to_o the_o old_a german_a custom_n the_o few_o and_o honour_n be_v divide_v equal_o among_o the_o son_n as_o now_o all_o the_o son_n of_o a_o duke_n be_v duke_n there_o etc._n etc._n but_o thereafter_o all_o the_o other_o child_n except_o the_o elder_a get_v only_a place_n and_o precedency_n according_a to_o their_o office_n or_o dignity_n until_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n succeed_v as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n in_o a_o remote_a degree_n after_o which_o the_o french_a thought_n fit_a to_o give_v precedency_n to_o those_o who_o may_v one_o day_n be_v their_o king_n and_o so_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n get_v precedency_n from_o all_o subject_n with_o we_o the_o king_n child_n uncle_n and_o nephew_n only_o have_v precedency_n from_o all_o subject_n and_o in_o scotland_n no_o remote_a degree_n precede_v as_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n for_o the_o family_n of_o hamiltoun_n kinghorne_n fintrie_a and_o other_o be_v descend_v from_o our_o king_n by_o lawful_a marriage_n but_o have_v no_o precedency_n upon_o that_o account_n the_o first_o place_n next_o to_o the_o king_n be_v due_a to_o the_o prince_n of_o scotland_n among_o we_o who_o be_v likewise_o duke_n of_o rothesay_n as_o the_o second_o son_n be_v earl_n of_o ross_n that_o be_v a_o appanage_n inseparable_a from_o he_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o at_o present_a his_o royal_a highness_n be_v with_o we_o duke_n of_o albany_n as_o he_o be_v duke_n of_o york_n in_o england_n it_o have_v be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o king_n son_n uncle_n nephew_n etc._n etc._n have_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o king_n officer_n in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o their_o office_n as_o at_o coronation_n ride_v of_o parliament_n in_o which_o it_o be_v the_o constable_n privilege_n to_o ride_v upon_o the_o king_n right_a hand_n and_o the_o marishal_n on_o his_o left_a in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o parliament_n house_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o difficulty_n be_v because_o these_o be_v act_n which_o follow_v the_o office_n and_o not_o blood_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o action_n require_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v post_v where_o they_o may_v be_v most_o serviceable_a i_o find_v likewise_o that_o this_o have_v be_v debate_v in_o france_n whereupon_o in_o anno_fw-la 1576._o henry_n the_o three_o emit_v a_o ordinance_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o with_o we_o his_o royal_a highness_n the_o duke_n of_o york_n at_o his_o majesty_n coronation_n precede_v all_o the_o officer_n among_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n the_o last_o descend_v from_o the_o royal_a family_n have_v still_o precedency_n according_o but_o though_o this_o hold_n in_o the_o branch_n yet_o the_o elder_a of_o the_o same_o branch_n will_v precede_v all_o of_o that_o branch_n and_o thus_o the_o prince_n palatine_n grandchild_n will_v succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n before_o prince_n rupert_n his_o brother_n though_o prince_n rupert_n be_v several_a degree_n near_o i_o find_v that_o of_o old_a all_o churchman_n be_v rank_v together_o and_o be_v first_o rank_v before_o all_o laic_n and_o thus_o the_o parliament_n of_o king_n robert_n the_o first_o be_v habito_fw-la solemni_fw-la tractatu_fw-la cum_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioribus_fw-la comitibus_fw-la and_o even_o before_o the_o king_n son_n brother_n or_o nephew_n thus_o king_n robert_n the_o first_o grant_v a_o charter_n to_o the_o abbacy_n of_o aberbrothick_n confirm_v a_o ratification_n make_v to_o they_o be_v lundie_n wherein_o the_o witness_n be_v reverendis_fw-la waltero_fw-la &_o gilberto_n episcopis_fw-la etc._n etc._n davide_n deuce_n de_fw-fr rothesay_n comite_fw-la de_fw-fr carrick_n carissimo_fw-la nostro_fw-la filio_fw-la primigenito_o roberto_n deuce_n de_fw-fr albania_n comite_fw-la fyffe_n &_o fratre_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o even_o the_o abbot_n and_o prior_n be_v rank_v before_o they_o and_o when_o any_o of_o they_o be_v officer_n of_o state_n they_o be_v name_v according_a to_o their_o ecclesiastic_a preferment_n thus_o jacobo_fw-la sancti_fw-la andreae_n episcopo_fw-la galvino_n archiepiscopo_fw-la glasevensi_fw-la cancellario_fw-la nostro_fw-la and_o in_o the_o session_n when_o it_o consist_v of_o half_a churchman_n half_a laic_n the_o churchman_n sit_v on_o the_o chancellor_n right_a hand_n and_o vote_v first_o but_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v from_o these_o instance_n that_o therefore_o of_o old_a any_o churchman_n do_v take_v place_n from_o the_o king_n son_n no_o more_o than_o that_o a_o bishop_n take_v then_o place_n of_o a_o earl_n because_o he_o be_v name_v before_o they_o the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n be_v by_o a_o special_a letter_n in_o anno_fw-la 1626._o and_o renew_v in_o january_n 1664._o declare_v to_o have_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o chancellor_n and_o all_o his_o majesty_n subject_n in_o time_n of_o popery_n he_o be_v legatus_fw-la natus_fw-la and_o both_o then_o and_o now_o he_o be_v totius_fw-la scotiae_fw-la primus_fw-la but_o though_o by_o this_o letter_n he_o be_v ordain_v to_o take_v the_o place_n of_o all_o subject_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o will_v not_o give_v he_o place_n from_o the_o king_n son_n uncle_n and_o nephew_n though_o they_o be_v likewise_o subject_n since_o the_o word_n subject_n must_v be_v here_o interpret_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n by_o which_o these_o near_a relation_n of_o prince_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o other_o subject_n the_o nobility_n of_o scotland_n be_v either_o declare_v such_o by_o feudal_n erection_n their_o land_n be_v erect_v by_o the_o king_n in_o a_o duchy_n earldom_n etc._n etc._n which_o do_v of_o itself_o make_v he_o a_o duke_n or_o earl_n in_o who_o favour_n the_o land_n be_v so_o erect_v or_o else_o they_o get_v patent_n of_o honour_n declare_v they_o duke_n earl_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o be_v a_o much_o late_a way_n none_o be_v nobilitated_a by_o patent_n among_o we_o before_o king_n james_n the_o first_o the_o three_o way_n of_o nobilitate_v with_o we_o be_v by_o creation_n and_o solemn_a investiture_n the_o whole_a form_n whereof_o will_v in_o all_o its_o ceremony_n be_v best_a know_v by_o the_o follow_a narration_n the_o form_n of_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o hamilton_n and_o marquis_n of_o huntly_n tuesday_n the_o 17_o of_o april_n 1599_o in_o his_o majesty_n great_a chamber_n in_o the_o abbey_n of_o holy-rood-house_n where_o the_o like_a ceremony_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v be_v rich_o hang_v with_o tapestry_n five_o stage_n or_o degree_n of_o timber_n be_v erect_v one_o for_o his_o majesty_n on_o the_o westside_n whereon_o his_o majesty_n chair_n of_o state_n be_v set_v under_o the_o pale_a of_o honour_n one_o for_o the_o duke_n one_o for_o the_o earl_n one_o for_o the_o lord_n and_o one_o for_o the_o knight_n there_o be_v also_o before_o the_o throne_n a_o table_n cover_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n whereon_o be_v lay_v the_o sword_n sceptre_n and_o crown_n the_o nobleman_n attend_v the_o ceremony_n in_o their_o respective_a seat_n in_o their_o robe_n and_o his_o majesty_n in_o his_o rob-royal_a be_v place_v in_o his_o chair_n the_o queen_n sit_v by_o the_o lion_n king_n of_o arm_n and_o master_n of_o ceremony_n with_o the_o herald_n and_o pursivant_n in_o their_o coat_n and_o trumpet_n sound_v bring_v in_o before_o his_o majesty_n these_o two_o nobleman_n viz._n the_o earl_n of_o arran_n and_o huntly_n the_o first_o convey_v be_v the_o duke_n of_o lennox_n and_o earl_n of_o mar_n the_o second_o be_v the_o chancellor_n and_o earl_n of_o caithnes_n thereafter_o the_o lion_n ask_v his_o majesty_n if_o his_o majesty_n will_v be_v please_v to_o promote_v these_o nobleman_n to_o further_a honour_n his_o majesty_n answer_v yes_o then_o the_o lion_n master_n of_o ceremony_n with_o herald_n pursivant_n and_o trumpet_n convey_v they_o into_o the_o green_a council-chamber_n where_o they_o be_v devest_v of_o their_o comital_a robe_n and_o vest_v in_o the_o habit_n of_o a_o marquis_n and_o so_o be_v again_o convey_v to_o his_o majesty_n presence_n thus_o the_o ordinary_a macer_n that_o attend_v the_o chancellor_n and_o session_n make_v place_n master_n of_o ceremony_n trumpet_n sound_v with_o the_o nobleman_n colour_n at_o their_o trumpet_n pursivant_n in_o their_o coat_n herald_n in_o their_o coat_n four_o gentleman_n for_o each_o of_o the_o person_n to_o be_v create_v bear_v their_o honour_n viz._n for_o my_o lord_n arran_n robert_n hamilton_n of_o goslington_n the_o penon_n alexander_n hamilton_n of_o fenton_n the_o banner_n claud_n hamilton_n of_o shawfield_n the_o marquis_n crown_n john_n campbel_n of_o ardkinlas_n the_o patent_n for_o my_o lord_n huntly_n john_n ogilvy_n of_o the_o craig_n the_o penon_n john_n crichton_n of_o frendraught_n the_o banner_n mark_v ker_n of_o ormistoun_n the_o crown_n alexander_n gordon_n of_o strathdon_n the_o patent_n lion_n king_n of_o arms._n the_o two_o earl_n convey_v be_v the_o forename_a nobleman_n
in_o their_o respective_a robe_n and_o crown_n on_o their_o head_n come_v before_o the_o king_n they_o make_v their_o reverence_n then_o they_o be_v lead_v up_o by_o the_o master_n of_o ceremony_n some_o step_n and_o sit_v down_o on_o their_o knee_n on_o velvet_n cushion_n the_o lion_n make_v a_o harangue_n both_o to_o his_o majesty_n and_o to_o they_o declare_v to_o the_o nobleman_n that_o it_o please_v his_o majesty_n to_o promote_v they_o to_o that_o dignity_n and_o that_o he_o desire_v they_o to_o fear_n god_n and_o obey_v his_o power_n then_o he_o take_v their_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v obey_v god_n his_o majesty_n and_o mantain_n the_o religion_n then_o profess_v thereafter_o the_o lion_n deliver_v to_o his_o majesty_n the_o patent_n and_o his_o majesty_n redeliver_v they_o to_o the_o lion_n who_o give_v they_o to_o the_o nobleman_n in_o token_n that_o they_o shall_v obey_v god_n and_o his_o majesty_n law_n afterward_o the_o lion_n deliver_v his_o majesty_n the_o marquis_n coronet_n his_o majesty_n redeliver_v they_o to_o the_o lion_n the_o lion_n put_v the_o crown_n on_o their_o head_n say_v john_n marquis_n of_o hamilton_n earl_n of_o arran_n lord_n even_o etc._n etc._n george_n marquis_n of_o huntly_n earl_n of_o enzie_n lord_n gordon_n and_o badzenoch_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o be_v proclaim_v forth_o of_o the_o window_n by_o the_o herald_n and_o pursivant_n with_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n then_o be_v they_o convey_v to_o their_o seat_n and_o place_v above_o the_o earl_n upon_o the_o king_n left_a hand_n trumpet_n sound_v the_o lion_n desire_v his_o majesty_n to_o honour_v the_o gentleman_n who_o bear_v the_o honour_n with_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n his_o majesty_n consent_v the_o lion_n cause_v they_o sit_v down_o on_o their_o knee_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o all_o the_o stage_n and_o after_o he_o have_v make_v a_o exhortation_n to_o they_o and_o receive_v all_o their_o oath_n they_o hold_v up_o their_o hand_n and_o promise_v to_o obey_v all_o the_o injunction_n the_o lion_n present_v the_o sword_n to_o his_o majesty_n who_o strike_v each_o of_o they_o therewith_o on_o the_o right_a shoulder_n and_o sir_n offer_v the_o spur_n the_o lion_n first_o proclaim_v their_o styl_n and_o after_o the_o herald_n and_o pursivant_n at_o the_o window_n with_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n i_o find_v this_o difference_n in_o the_o creation_n of_o many_o earl_n from_o what_o be_v here_o set_v down_o that_o the_o four_o gentleman_n bear_v the_o honour_n thus_o the_o first_o the_o penon_n the_o second_o the_o standart_n the_o three_o sword_n and_o belt_n the_o four_o the_o crown_n and_o last_o the_o lion_n bear_v the_o patent_n in_o a_o velvet_n bag_n and_o that_o the_o lion_n offer_v first_o to_o his_o majesty_n the_o sword_n and_o belt_n and_o receive_v it_o back_o put_v it_o on_o the_o person_n nobilitat_fw-la as_o also_o when_o the_o king_n be_v not_o present_a and_o after_o his_o go_v to_o england_n the_o ceremony_n be_v perform_v be_v his_o majesty_n high_a commissioner_n if_o there_o be_v one_o at_o the_o time_n or_o otherwise_o a_o writ_n be_v direct_v to_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n appoint_v he_o commissioner_n for_o that_o creation_n and_o then_o the_o first_o thing_n that_o be_v do_v after_o the_o person_n to_o be_v create_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o lion_n give_v the_o patent_n to_o the_o commissioner_n who_o give_v it_o to_o the_o register_n or_o clerk_n of_o council_n to_o be_v read_v and_o i_o observe_v this_o in_o all_o our_o old_a creation_n that_o if_o the_o person_n to_o be_v dignify_v be_v a_o lord_n former_o he_o be_v convey_v in_o be_v two_o lord_n and_o the_o ceremony_n of_o the_o new_a creation_n be_v over_o be_v convey_v to_o his_o place_n by_o two_o of_o that_o degree_n to_o which_o he_o be_v advance_v the_o english_a nobility_n be_v sometime_o create_v by_o be_v call_v in_o a_o write_v to_o parliament_n under_o the_o designation_n of_o earl_n viscount_n etc._n etc._n which_o way_n be_v unknown_a to_o we_o in_o scotland_n though_o the_o king_n may_v introduce_v it_o at_o his_o pleasure_n the_o precedency_n among_o subject_n be_v thus_o establish_v in_o both_o kingdom_n duke_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a other_o duke_n according_a to_o their_o creation_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o duke_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a marquess_n according_a to_o their_o creation_n duke_n elder_a son_n earl_n according_a to_o their_o creation_n marquis_n elder_a son_n duke_n young_a son_n viscount_n according_a to_o their_o creation_n earl_n elder_a son_n marquess_n young_a son_n baron_n who_o we_o call_v lord_n viscount_v elder_a son_n earl_n young_a son_n baron_n elder_a son_n barronet_n viscount_v young_a son_n but_o the_o officer_n in_o england_n be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n henry_n the_o 8._o thus_o rank_v lord_n chancellor_n lord_n thesaurer_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n these_o four_o be_v of_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n or_o above_o shall_v sit_v in_o parliament_n and_o all_o assembly_n of_o council_n above_o duke_n not_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal._n the_o lord_n great_a chamberlain_n the_o lord_n high_a constable_n of_o england_n the_o earl_n marishal_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n great_a master_n or_o steward_n of_o the_o house_n the_o lord_n chamberlain_z of_o the_o household_n these_o last_o six_o and_o the_o king_n principle_n secretary_n take_v place_n according_a to_o their_o present_a state_n so_o that_o if_o they_o be_v baron_n they_o take_v place_n above_o all_o baron_n if_o earl_n above_o all_o earl_n if_o duke_n above_o all_o duke_n by_o a_o decree_n and_o establishment_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n 1_o o._n jacobi_fw-la the_o follow_a person_n be_v thus_o rank_v knight_n of_o the_o garter_n knight_n of_o the_o privy_a council_n the_o master_n of_o the_o ward_n and_o livery_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n and_o under-thesaur_a of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o chancellor_n of_o the_o duchy_n the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o master_n of_o the_o roll_n the_o chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n the_o chief_a baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n the_o other_o judge_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o coif_n the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n the_o young_a son_n of_o baron_n the_o barronet_n the_o precedency_n among_o our_o nobility_n differ_v nothing_o from_o what_o be_v here_o set_v down_o england_n and_o we_o agree_v in_o all_o point_n since_o the_o union_n of_o the_o two_o kingdom_n and_o especial_o since_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o at_o which_o time_n he_o declare_v he_o will_v have_v it_o so_o but_o to_o prevent_v difference_n betwixt_o the_o nobility_n of_o both_o kingdom_n it_o be_v order_v that_o all_o those_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n in_o england_n shall_v in_o england_n take_v place_n from_o all_o those_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n in_o scotland_n and_o all_o those_o of_o the_o same_o degree_n in_o scotland_n shall_v in_o scotland_n take_v place_n of_o the_o english_a that_o be_v to_o say_v all_z the_o english_a duke_n shall_v take_v place_n in_o england_n of_o all_o the_o scot_n duke_n and_o all_o the_o scottish_a duke_n in_o scotland_n shall_v take_v place_n of_o all_o the_o english_a duke_n which_o be_v very_o just_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o as_o to_o the_o rank_v of_o our_o officer_n we_o differ_v much_o from_o england_n for_o clear_v whereof_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o know_v that_o with_o we_o there_o be_v officer_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o officer_n of_o state_n the_o officer_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v all_o design_v of_o scotland_n as_o constabularius_fw-la scotiae_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o king_n malcom_n the_o ii_o his_o parliament_n the_o office_n then_o extant_a be_v the_o chancellor_n the_o justice_n general_n the_o chamberlain_z the_o steward_n the_o constable_n and_o marishal_n and_o they_o be_v thus_o rank_v and_o have_v their_o respective_a fe_n but_o by_o the_o act_n 31._o parl._n 11._o ja._n 6._o the_o office_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v declare_v to_o be_v the_o thesaurer_n secretary_n the_o collector_n which_o office_n be_v now_o join_v with_o the_o thesaurer_n the_o justice_n general_n justice_z clerk_z advocate_n master_n of_o request_n clerk_n of_o register_n and_o though_o these_o be_v call_v officer_n of_o the_o crown_n there_o i_o conceive_v they_o differ_v not_o from_o the_o officer_n of_o state_n and_o these_o word_n officer_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o officer_n of_o state_n be_v now_o equipollent_a term_n so_o far_o that_o all_o the_o officer_n of_o state_n be_v officer_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o this_o act_n but_o the_o high_a chamberlain_n constable_n admiral_z and_o marishal_n be_v officer_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o be_v not_o officer_n of_o state_n
the_o speciality_n of_o officer_n of_o state_n be_v that_o in_o all_o act_n or_o meeting_n which_o concern_v the_o state_n they_o sit_v as_o member_n by_o virtue_n of_o their_o office_n as_o in_o parliament_n convention_n etc._n etc._n where_o the_o chamberlain_n and_o admiral_n come_v not_o as_o such_o nor_o the_o constable_n and_o marishal_n if_o they_o be_v not_o earl_n the_o officer_n of_o state_n have_v oft_o contend_v for_o precedency_n among_o themselves_o and_o therefore_o king_n james_n do_v in_o privy_a council_n upon_o the_o 17._o of_o june_n 1617._o declare_v that_o in_o that_o and_o all_o other_o parliament_n none_o shall_v sit_v as_o officer_n of_o state_n save_o eight_o and_o though_o there_o shall_v be_v more_o of_o the_o say_n officer_n by_o deputation_n division_n or_o otherwise_o yet_o eight_o only_o shall_v sit_v which_o eight_z he_o do_v thus_o rank_a by_o act_n of_o council_n thesaurer_n privy-seal_n secretary_n register_n advocate_n justice_n clerk_n thesaurer-deput_a mr._n of_o request_n and_o yet_o his_o majesty_n have_v appoint_v sir_n archibald_n atchison_n to_o be_v second_o secretary_n and_o he_o have_v contend_v that_o his_o place_n be_v to_o be_v next_o the_o principal_a secretary_n this_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o register_n and_o advocate_n sound_v themselves_o upon_o the_o say_a act_n of_o council_n it_o be_v answer_v thereto_o that_o his_o majesty_n may_v notwithstanding_o of_o the_o say_a act_n have_v as_o many_o secretary_n as_o he_o please_v and_o by_o that_o his_o majesty_n be_v only_o limit_v to_o eight_o officer_n of_o state_n in_o parliament_n but_o that_o notwithstanding_o thereof_o he_o may_v make_v use_n of_o any_o eight_o he_o please_v and_o according_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o chancellor_n collector_n and_o comptroller_n as_o officer_n of_o state_n in_o several_a parliament_n notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v none_o of_o the_o eight_o officer_n mention_v in_o this_o act_n likeas_n k._n ja._n have_v appoint_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n be_v a_o nobleman_n to_o sit_v among_o the_o nobleman_n and_o not_o as_o chancellor_n or_o a_o officer_n of_o state_n the_o council_n do_v remit_v this_o debate_n to_o the_o king_n i_o find_v that_o upon_o the_o 20._o of_o february_n 1623._o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o precedency_n among_o his_o majesty_n officer_n and_o counsellor_n be_v thus_o state_v the_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o lord_n thesaurer_n the_o archbishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n the_o archbishop_n of_o glasgow_n the_o earl_n and_o viscount_n according_a to_o their_o rank_n bishop_n according_a to_o their_o rank_n lord_n privy_a seal_n lord_n secretary_n lord_n register_n lord_n advocate_n lord_n justice_n clerk_n lord_n thesaurer-deput_a the_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n according_a to_o their_o admission_n baron_n and_o gentleman_n be_v counsellor_n according_a to_o their_o admission_n it_o be_v observable_a from_o this_o act_n that_o lord_n of_o the_o session_n have_v precedency_n from_o privy_a councillor_n in_o scotland_n otherwise_o any_o counsellor_n of_o a_o elder_a admission_n will_v be_v prefer_v to_o they_o and_o yet_o in_o england_n privy_a councillor_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o the_o judge_n and_o even_o to_o the_o chief_a justice_n and_o with_o we_o i_o find_v no_o privy_a councillor_n take_v place_n as_o such_o from_o any_o person_n whatsoever_o which_o seem_v very_o strange_a for_o since_o the_o judicatur_fw-la itself_o be_v place_v before_o the_o session_n and_o that_o its_o precedent_n have_v precedency_n from_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o session_n that_o therefore_o its_o judge_n ought_v to_o precede_v the_o judge_n of_o the_o session_n 2_o do_v though_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v lord_n of_o council_n and_o session_n yet_o there_o be_v secret_a councillor_n give_v they_o a_o great_a nearness_n and_o argue_v a_o great_a trust_n and_o in_o all_o matter_n of_o precedency_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a topic_n for_o precedency_n 3_o o._n in_o law_n counselor_n be_v call_v by_o the_o emperor_n pars_fw-la corporis_fw-la nostri_fw-la l._n quisquis_fw-la c._n ad_fw-la l._n jul._n majest_n and_o so_o to_o assault_v they_o be_v treason_n and_o be_v with_o us._n 4_o o._n in_o france_n this_o question_n betwixt_o the_o member_n magni_fw-la concilii_fw-la and_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n be_v debate_v by_o boerius_n and_o he_o prefer_v the_o counselor_n and_o in_o sweden_n they_o have_v place_n from_o all_o the_o nobility_n 5_o o._n the_o lord_n of_o privy_a council_n have_v more_o supereminent_a power_n than_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n for_o they_o can_v stop_v the_o precedor_n of_o the_o justice_n they_o can_v adjourn_v the_o session_n they_o can_v grant_v precognition_n moderate_a punishment_n etc._n etc._n notwithstanding_o of_o all_o which_o such_o respect_n have_v our_o king_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o distribute_v justice_n equal_o to_o the_o people_n that_o they_o still_o prefer_v they_o to_o all_o the_o subject_n except_o the_o lord_n of_o parliament_n and_o their_o elder_a son_n it_o have_v be_v contend_v by_o the_o young_a son_n of_o nobleman_n that_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v precedency_n from_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n because_o say_v the_o second_o son_n of_o a_o earl_n i_o have_v precedency_n from_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o lord_n and_o yet_o he_o have_v place_n from_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n and_o it_o be_v a_o certain_a rule_n in_o precedency_n that_o if_o i_o precede_v you_o i_o must_v precede_v he_o who_o precede_v you_o and_o if_o a_o earl_n second_o son_n and_o a_o lord_n elder_a son_n and_o a_o lord_n of_o session_n do_v meet_v together_o the_o earl_n second_o son_n can_v not_o precede_v the_o lord_n elder_a son_n except_o he_o precede_v also_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n to_o which_o nothing_o can_v be_v answer_v save_v that_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o peer_n be_v presumptive_a peer_n and_o such_o as_o will_v be_v peer_n it_o be_v fit_a that_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n who_o have_v but_o a_o temporary_a precedency_n shall_v not_o precede_v they_o but_o i_o find_v that_o though_o in_o england_n the_o young_a son_n of_o the_o precede_a rank_n take_v still_o the_o place_n from_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o next_o mediate_v as_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n from_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o earl_n and_o the_o young_a son_n of_o marquess_n from_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o that_o all_o the_o chain_n of_o precedency_n be_v found_v upon_o this_o gradation_n and_o that_o it_o seem_v that_o nature_n have_v lead_v man_n to_o this_o establishment_n yet_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o our_o lord_n lord_n baron_n refuse_v to_o cede_fw-la to_o the_o second_o son_n of_o earl_n and_o it_o be_v so_o of_o old_a with_o we_o and_o that_o which_o may_v be_v give_v as_o a_o reason_n for_o this_o be_v that_o it_o be_v unreasonable_a that_o they_o who_o be_v to_o be_v peer_n and_o to_o have_v a_o constant_a title_n shall_v cede_fw-la to_o such_o as_o have_v but_o a_o temporary_a honour_n but_o if_o this_o reason_n be_v sufficient_a the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n shall_v not_o precede_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o lord_n baron_n with_o we_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o lord_n baron_n be_v design_v master_n as_o the_o master_n of_o rosse_n etc._n etc._n and_o of_o old_a the_o uncle_n of_o lord_n after_o the_o death_n of_o their_o elder_a brother_n though_o he_o leave_v a_o son_n be_v call_v master_n till_o the_o nephew_n have_v a_o son_n for_o which_o i_o know_v no_o other_o reason_n but_o that_o because_o they_o want_v a_o tittle_n they_o take_v this_o for_o their_o father_n be_v lord_n there_o be_v no_o degree_n below_o to_o take_v as_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o earl_n take_v that_o of_o lord_n and_o i_o believe_v that_o thus_o the_o word_n master_n be_v give_v in_o england_n to_o mean_a people_n when_o their_o name_n be_v not_o know_v for_o though_o the_o word_n dominus_fw-la be_v refuse_v by_o augustus_n as_o import_v slavery_n which_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o bear_v rather_o than_o from_o a_o secret_a impulse_n as_o st._n augustin_n say_v in_o respect_n our_o saviour_n be_v then_o bear_v who_o be_v the_o true_a master_n since_o sueton_n tell_v that_o tiberius_n also_o refuse_v this_o title_n yet_o in_o compliment_n even_o then_o such_o as_o be_v not_o know_v be_v call_v domini_fw-la obvios_fw-la say_v seneca_n si_fw-la nomen_fw-la non_fw-la succurrit_fw-la dominos_fw-la salutamus_fw-la and_o thereafter_o with_o the_o roman_a slavery_n this_o title_n grow_v from_o be_v a_o compliment_n to_o be_v a_o duty_n and_o thus_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o the_o elder_a son_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o from_o this_o title_n of_o master_n come_v meship_n among_o we_o which_o be_v give_v to_o all_o such_o as_o have_v not_o a_o special_a title_n as_o lord_n sir_n etc._n
upon_o the_o 20._o of_o may_n 1619._o declare_v that_o the_o lady_n of_o the_o privy_a chamber_n shall_v in_o time_n of_o mourning_n take_v their_o place_n as_o if_o the_o queen_n be_v live_v till_o the_o funeral_n be_v end_v and_o that_o the_o queen_n chamberer_n shall_v for_o the_o present_a funeral_n go_v before_o countess_n woman_n without_o prejudice_n to_o countess_n woman_n at_o any_o time_n thereafter_o it_o be_v fit_a to_o observe_v that_o the_o wife_n and_o daughter_n of_o all_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n etc._n etc._n do_v take_v the_o same_o place_n that_o the_o husband_n and_o son_n do_v conform_v to_o the_o precedency_n former_o express_v pag._n 35._o and_o i_o find_v in_o the_o herald_n office_n of_o england_n a_o establishment_n settle_v thus_o among_o woman_n by_o jasper_n duke_n of_o bedford_n and_o other_o nobleman_n by_o warrant_n from_o henry_n the_o four_o the_o wife_n of_o duke_n of_o the_o blood_n royal_a the_o wife_n of_o other_o duke_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o duke_n of_o the_o blood_n royal._n the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n of_o the_o blood_n royal._n the_o wife_n of_o marquess_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o duke_n the_o daughter_n of_o duke_n countess_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o marquess_n the_o daughter_n of_o marquess_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o duke_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o earl_n the_o daughter_n of_o earl_n the_o wife_n of_o viscount_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o marquess_n the_o wife_n of_o baron_n that_o be_v to_o say_v our_o lord_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o viscount_n the_o daughter_n of_o viscount_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o earl_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o baron_n or_o lord_n the_o daughter_n of_o baron_n the_o wife_n of_o knight-banneret_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o lord_n the_o wife_n of_o knight-batchelours_a the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o knights-banneret_n the_o daughter_n of_o banneret_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o knight-batchelours_a the_o daughter_n of_o knight-batchelours_a the_o queen_n maid_n of_o honour_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o baneret_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o knight-batchelours_a the_o wife_n of_o esqueir_n the_o wife_n of_o gentleman_n the_o daughter_n of_o esquier_n the_o daughter_n of_o gentleman_n the_o wife_n of_o citizen_n the_o wife_n of_o burgess_n from_o all_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o any_o degree_n take_v place_n before_o the_o daughter_n of_o that_o same_o degree_n and_o both_o of_o they_o take_v place_n of_o the_o young_a son_n wife_n of_o the_o precede_a degree_n thus_o the_o lady_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o a_o marquis_n precede_v the_o daughter_n of_o a_o marquis_n and_o both_o precede_v the_o lady_n of_o duke_n young_a son_n item_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o next_o degree_n as_o a_o countess_n precede_v the_o lady_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o precede_a degree_n as_o of_o a_o marquis_n and_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o marquis_n 3_o o._n this_o hold_v not_o only_o in_o compare_v degree_n among_o themselves_o but_o also_o in_o compare_v family_n of_o the_o same_o degree_n among_o themselves_o as_o for_o instance_n though_o the_o marquis_n of_o dowglas_n lady_n will_v give_v place_n to_o the_o marquis_n of_o huntlys_n lady_n yet_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o marquis_n of_o dowglas_n elder_a son_n will_v take_v place_n from_o the_o marquis_n of_o huntlys_n daughter_n 4_o o._n though_o of_o old_a with_o we_o in_o scotland_n the_o wife_n of_o lord_n do_v contend_v that_o they_o have_v the_o precedency_n from_o the_o daughter_n of_o earl_n yet_o since_o that_o letter_n write_v by_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o at_o his_o coronation_n we_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n in_o prefer_v the_o earl_n daughter_n who_o take_v place_n immediate_o after_o her_o elder_a brother_n wife_n 5_o o._n though_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o marquis_n give_v place_n to_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o all_o marquess_n yet_o if_o that_o daughter_n be_v a_o heiress_n and_o the_o daughter_n of_o a_o elder_a marquis_n than_o she_o take_v place_n from_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o all_o young_a marquess_n as_o segar_n observe_v pag._n 240._o it_o be_v likewise_o observable_a that_o since_o this_o rank_v under_o henry_n the_o four_o there_o be_v several_a new_a addition_n for_o after_o the_o wife_n of_o lord_n elder_a son_n and_o lord_n daughter_n be_v rank_v the_o wife_n of_o privy_a counselor_n and_o judge_n wife_n of_o the_o young_a son_n of_o viscount_n and_o of_o lord_n or_o baron_n the_o wife_n of_o baronet_n the_o wife_n of_o banneret_n the_o wife_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o bath_n and_o the_o wife_n of_o knights-batchelours_a etc._n etc._n as_o in_o the_o former_a list._n some_o considerable_a question_n concern_v precedency_n resolve_v question_n i._n whither_o in_o competition_n betwixt_o kingdom_n state_n and_o town_n be_v their_o present_a condition_n to_o be_v consider_v or_o what_o they_o be_v former_o to_o which_o it_o be_v answer_v with_o this_o distinction_n viz._n either_o the_o kingdom_n or_o other_o place_n betwixt_o which_o competition_n be_v state_v remain_v the_o same_o that_o they_o be_v in_o their_o substantial_o and_o then_o the_o former_a precedency_n be_v still_o continue_v as_o for_o instance_n though_o rome_n whilst_o it_o be_v a_o commonwealth_n do_v sometime_o admit_v of_o a_o dictator_n who_o have_v indeed_o the_o power_n of_o a_o king_n yet_o they_o remain_v still_o the_o same_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o be_v the_o same_o in_o substantial_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o degree_n of_o precedency_n continue_v or_o when_o two_o or_o three_o kingdom_n be_v without_o any_o alteration_n unite_v in_o one_o as_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o england_n be_v unite_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n under_o king_n in_o the_o same_o race_n who_o succeed_v to_o both_o as_o be_v full_o demonstrate_v by_o alb._n gentil_n pag._n 82._o and_o this_o be_v likewise_o clear_a from_o l._n proponebatur_fw-la ff_n de_fw-fr judiciis_fw-la &_o l._n 24._o ff_n de_fw-fr legat._n 1._o but_o where_o there_o be_v a_o substantial_a alteration_n call_v by_o aristotle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d well_fw-mi 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d there_o the_o former_a condition_n be_v not_o consider_v but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o present_a condition_n of_o the_o place_n in_o competition_n be_v that_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o thus_o when_o a_o kingdom_n come_v to_o be_v conquer_a by_o a_o stranger_n and_o by_o a_o strange_a and_o foreign_a nation_n there_o the_o state_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v absolute_o innovate_v especial_o if_o the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n be_v alter_v and_o therefore_o the_o french_a lawyer_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o precedency_n of_o england_n ought_v only_o to_o be_v compute_v from_o william_n the_o conqueror_n because_o at_o that_o time_n a_o stranger_n and_o a_o strange_a nation_n do_v conquer_v the_o say_a kingdom_n and_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o it_o be_v much_o innovat_fw-la and_o if_o this_o be_v not_o a_o alteration_n none_o can_v be_v for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o land_n can_v give_v precedency_n for_o all_o land_n be_v create_v together_o and_o there_o be_v few_o nation_n so_o conquest_n as_o that_o the_o former_a people_n do_v not_o remain_v so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o precedency_n upon_o that_o account_n though_o some_o who_o be_v extravagant_a in_o their_o zeal_n for_o their_o country_n do_v argue_v its_o precedency_n from_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o world_n as_o vasquius_fw-la do_v that_o of_o the_o spanish_a empire_n in_o deryve_v it_o from_o tubal_n cain_n praefatio_fw-la in_o contravers_n illust._n question_n ii_o whether_o a_o kingdom_n become_v a_o commonwealth_n or_o a_o commonwealth_n a_o kingdom_n do_v their_o former_a precedency_n remain_v this_o question_n have_v two_o branch_n wherein_o the_o difficulty_n differ_v the_o first_o be_v whether_o that_o town_n or_o place_n which_o be_v a_o republic_n have_v become_v a_o monarchy_n or_o principality_n ought_v it_o to_o retain_v the_o precedency_n due_a to_o the_o former_a commonwealth_n and_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o retain_v the_o same_o precedency_n may_v be_v argue_v because_o when_o one_o thing_n be_v surrogate_n in_o the_o place_n of_o another_o that_o which_o be_v surrogate_n ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o privilege_n with_o that_o in_o who_o place_n it_o be_v surrogate_n surrogatum_fw-la subit_fw-la naturam_fw-la surrogati_fw-la but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o subsequent_a principality_n be_v surrogate_n in_o place_n of_o the_o former_a commonwealth_n and_o
do_v the_o son_n possess_v this_o title_n by_o his_o father_n but_o by_o his_o family_n and_o lawyer_n have_v resolve_v that_o filius_fw-la retinet_fw-la nobilitatem_fw-la etiam_fw-la repudiata_fw-la haereditate_fw-la bart._n in_o l._n jurisjur_n §_o 1._o ff_n de_fw-fr oper._n lib._n jac._n &_o in_o l._n si_fw-la non_fw-la sortem_fw-la ff_n de_fw-mi condict_v in_o debit_fw-la but_o yet_o this_o decision_n may_v seem_v unsuitable_a to_o the_o analogy_n and_o principle_n of_o law_n for_o 1_o o._n since_o honour_n be_v by_o the_o first_o patent_n and_o erection_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n it_o seem_v just_a and_o legal_a that_o none_o can_v enjoy_v the_o same_o but_o such_o as_o be_v heir_n so_o that_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o qualify_v right_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n and_o consequent_o can_v be_v enjoy_v by_o none_o but_o such_o as_o purge_v and_o purify_v the_o quality_n and_o be_v heir_n 2_o o._n we_o see_v that_o in_o other_o right_n grant_v to_o a_o man_n and_o his_o heir_n no_o successor_n can_v have_v right_o without_o be_v heir_n and_o since_o this_o hold_v in_o accession_n of_o the_o mean_a nature_n why_o shall_v it_o not_o much_o rather_o hold_v in_o title_n and_o dignity_n which_o be_v thing_n of_o great_a importance_n 3_o o._n we_o have_v no_o way_n nor_o method_n to_o know_v who_o be_v heir_n but_o by_o a_o inquest_n after_o which_o he_o who_o be_v serve_v heir_n be_v liable_a to_o all_o debt_n and_o if_o he_o who_o be_v to_o use_v the_o title_n need_v not_o be_v find_v heir_n by_o a_o inquest_n any_o man_n may_v use_v the_o title_n of_o a_o deceist_n peer_n and_o if_o two_o contend_v for_o it_o this_o can_v not_o be_v try_v without_o a_o inquest_n and_o service_n 4_o o._n the_o make_v man_n liable_a to_o their_o predecessor_n debt_n for_o use_v his_o title_n will_v be_v very_o advantageous_a for_o the_o defunct_n creditor_n and_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o creditor_n shall_v be_v pay_v nor_o can_v the_o apparent_a heir_n complain_v since_o he_o may_v choose_v to_o use_v the_o title_n or_o not_o as_o he_o please_v 5_o o._n it_o be_v advantageous_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o none_o have_v a_o title_n but_o he_o who_o have_v the_o estate_n which_o be_v give_v out_o with_o it_o and_o out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v mantain_v a_o poor_a nobility_n be_v a_o great_a burden_n upon_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o a_o ruin_n to_o it_o and_o i_o find_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n do_v degrade_v george_n nevil_n from_o be_v duke_n of_o bedford_n for_o want_v of_o a_o estate_n suitable_a to_o his_o dignity_n which_o statut._n 17._o ed._n 4._o express_v the_o inconvenience_n here_o mention_v which_o be_v great_a in_o scotland_n than_o in_o england_n because_o our_o peer_n have_v more_o interest_n in_o lay_v on_o tax_n than_o lord_n in_o england_n have_v 6_o o._n the_o law_n consider_v not_o in_o other_o case_n whether_o the_o thing_n use_v by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n may_v be_v advantageous_a to_o he_o or_o whether_o he_o may_v pay_v debt_n with_o it_o for_o the_o use_n of_o mere_a ornament_n which_o can_v yield_v no_o money_n or_o thing_n of_o the_o mean_a advantage_n do_v make_v he_o liable_a yea_o and_o he_o will_v be_v liable_a though_o he_o be_v a_o loose_a by_o the_o thing_n he_o use_v whereas_o not_o only_o be_v honour_n and_o precedency_n thing_n of_o great_a advantage_n and_o which_o man_n will_v buy_v at_o any_o rate_n but_o if_o a_o man_n have_v liberty_n once_o to_o use_v the_o title_n of_o his_o predecessor_n it_o give_v he_o a_o great_a opportunity_n to_o enhance_v his_o predecessor_n estate_n by_o indirect_a mean_n and_o the_o former_a argument_n prove_v only_o that_o the_o blood_n interest_n as_o to_o honour_n be_v transmit_v without_o a_o service_n but_o not_o that_o the_o feudal_n title_n of_o earl_n can_v be_v so_o transmit_v question_v xii_o whether_o do_v the_o appearancy_n of_o blood_n give_v precedency_n where_o the_o predecessor_n be_v not_o dead_a this_o be_v call_v by_o the_o doctor_n spes_n &_o expectantia_fw-la successionis_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o upon_o this_o account_n it_o be_v debate_v whether_o the_o son_n of_o a_o king_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o his_o brother_n and_o all_o the_o peer_n and_o general_o whether_o the_o nephew_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o uncle_n who_o be_v his_o father_n second_o brother_n and_o i_o find_v it_o record_v that_o lycurgus_n do_v decide_v for_o himself_o against_o his_o nephew_n be_v the_o son_n of_o his_o elder_a brother_n but_o i_o will_v distinguish_v here_o thus_o first_o in_o the_o family_n of_o king_n and_o prince_n all_o the_o king_n child_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o king_n brother_n and_o all_o the_o king_n brother_n to_o the_o king_n uncle_n and_o thus_o it_o be_v decide_v in_o france_n by_o henry_n the_o three_o rupanus_fw-la pag._n 508._o but_o former_o the_o uncle_n be_v prefer_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o philip_n the_o long_a anno_fw-la 1316._o and_o though_o in_o the_o roman_a empire_n before_o alexius_n comnenius_n the_o emperor_n son_n be_v still_o prefer_v to_o his_o uncle_n yet_o that_o emperor_n desire_v to_o put_v a_o mark_n of_o respect_n upon_o his_o own_o elder_a brother_n prefer_v he_o to_o his_o son_n and_o now_o the_o son_n of_o prince_n be_v so_o far_o prefer_v that_o not_o only_o they_o but_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n be_v prefer_v to_o all_o other_o peer_n though_o they_o be_v last_o create_v as_o be_v find_v by_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n anno_fw-la 1541._o betwixt_o the_o duke_n of_o neveres_fw-la and_o monpensier_n 2_o o._n if_o in_o other_o family_n the_o brother_n be_v of_o a_o dignity_n equal_a to_o his_o elder_a brother_n than_o the_o brother_n will_v be_v prefer_v to_o the_o nephew_n as_o if_o the_o brother_n be_v a_o earl_n and_o the_o nephew_n a_o lord_n as_o be_v a_o earl_n son_n in_o this_o case_n expectation_n will_v not_o prefer_v the_o nephew_n because_o there_o be_v other_o actual_a degree_n of_o preferrence_n 3_o o._n if_o the_o uncle_n be_v a_o lord_n by_o creation_n and_o the_o nephew_n a_o lord_n by_o birth_n in_o which_o case_n if_o the_o uncle_n be_v a_o lord_n before_o the_o nephew_n be_v bear_v the_o uncle_n ought_v to_o be_v prefer_v as_o first_o in_o time_n but_o not_o if_o the_o nephew_n be_v first_o bear_v and_o thus_o baldus_n distinguish_v ad_fw-la l._n ut_fw-la intestato_fw-la c._n de_fw-fr sum_o &_o leg._n here_v 4_o o._n if_o neither_o the_o nephew_n nor_o uncle_n have_v any_o special_a dignity_n than_o the_o son_n of_o the_o elder_a brother_n be_v to_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o uncle_n and_o this_o last_o case_n show_v that_o the_o immediate_a hope_n of_o succession_n or_o jus_o expectantiae_fw-la be_v in_o itself_o a_o ground_n of_o precedency_n and_o since_o a_o man_n and_o his_o apparent_a heir_n be_v una_fw-la &_o eadem_fw-la persona_fw-la in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n and_o that_o in_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v disadvantageous_a to_o the_o son_n he_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o heir_n apparent_a in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o if_o his_o father_n be_v dead_a it_o be_v therefore_o just_a that_o as_o he_o have_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o a_o apparent_a heir_n so_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o apparent_a heir_n and_o thus_o we_o see_v that_o our_o statute_n have_v declare_v comprising_n buy_v in_o by_o the_o apparent_a heir_n to_o be_v redeemable_a by_o the_o defunct_n creditor_n it_o be_v find_v that_o a_o comprise_v buy_v in_o by_o the_o elder_a son_n even_o whilst_o his_o father_n live_v be_v redeemable_a from_o he_o and_o that_o he_o be_v a_o apparent_a heir_n in_o the_o construction_n of_o law_n and_o therefore_o since_o the_o law_n put_v he_o in_o the_o same_o case_n as_o if_o the_o father_n be_v dead_a he_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o precedency_n and_o consequent_o aught_o to_o be_v prefer_v to_o his_o uncle_n to_o who_o he_o will_v certain_o be_v prefer_v if_o his_o father_n be_v dead_a it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o in_o scotland_n the_o uncle_n be_v of_o old_a acknowledge_v to_o be_v king_n during_o not_o only_o the_o pupillarity_n of_o his_o pupil_n but_o during_o the_o uncle_n own_o natural_a life_n which_o be_v a_o invasion_n upon_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o our_o king_n be_v abrogate_a under_o kenith_n the_o three_o question_n xiii_o whether_o shall_v a_o elder_a brother_n who_o be_v bear_v before_o the_o father_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o king_n marquess_z earl_n etc._n etc._n be_v prefer_v to_o a_o young_a brother_n who_o be_v bear_v after_o his_o father_n have_v attain_v to_o either_o of_o these_o dignity_n lawyer_n have_v vary_v very_o much_o