Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	act_n	ireland_n	parliament_n	8,990	5	7.4458	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54635	Britannia languens: or, A discourse of trade shewing, that the present management of trade in England, is the true reason of the decay of our manufactures, and the late great fall of land-rents; and that the increase of trade, in the method it now stands in, must proportionably decay England. Wherein is particularly demonstrated, that the East-India Company, as now managed, has already near destroyed our trade in those parts, as well as that with Turky, and in short time must necessarily beggar the nation. Humbly offered to the consideration of this present Parliament.	Petyt, William, 1636-1707.	1689 (1689)	Wing P1947; ESTC R218978	144,323	343

to_o muscovy_n we_o hardly_o send_v two_o in_o three_o year_n during_o the_o late_a war_n we_o have_v send_v somewhat_o more_o we_o have_v also_o the_o sole_a trade_n for_o woollen_a clothing_n into_o france_n of_o which_o we_o vend_v thereto_o the_o value_n of_o 600000_o l._n yearly_o but_o the_o french_a have_v for_o these_o late_a year_n set_v up_o this_o manufacture_n at_o home_n do_v now_o supply_v themselves_o and_o as_o their_o own_o have_v increase_v so_o have_v they_o lay_v great_a imposition_n upon_o we_o till_o in_o 67_o the_o french_a king_n set_v a_o intolerable_a tax_n of_o about_o 50_o per_fw-la cent._n on_o all_o our_o clothing_n import_v into_o france_n company_n by_o which_o our_o cloathing-trade_n to_o france_n become_v in_o a_o manner_n impracticable_a nor_o have_v the_o french_a any_o occasion_n to_o open_v this_o trade_n to_o we_o again_o 000000_o we_o have_v also_o the_o sole_a cloathing-trade_n into_o turkey_n spain_n and_o its_o dominion_n and_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o we_o have_v support_v our_o turkey-trade_n better_o than_o any_o other_o much_o occasion_v by_o our_o importation_n of_o raw_a silk_n from_o those_o part_n for_o which_o we_o use_v to_o barter_n but_o of_o late_a year_n the_o dutch_a be_v great_a competitor_n with_o we_o in_o the_o turkey-trade_n though_o the_o english_a may_v have_v have_v the_o advantage_n whilst_o the_o dutch_a have_v be_v engage_v in_o the_o late_a war_n the_o french_a have_v be_v long_o nibble_v at_o this_o trade_n and_o both_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a large_o share_v with_o we_o in_o the_o spanish-trade_n 000000_o but_o what_o be_v yet_o more_o grievous_a we_o import_v much_o fine_a cloth_n from_o the_o dutch_a yearly_a and_o till_o of_o late_a great_a quantity_n of_o stuff_n and_o drugget_n from_o the_o french_a which_o french_a importation_n only_o amount_v to_o the_o value_n of_o 150000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la as_o mr._n fortrey_n in_o his_o book_n of_o trade_n report_n how_o much_o of_o these_o or_o other_o french_a good_n may_v be_v import_v for_o the_o future_a may_v be_v guess_v from_o what_o i_o shall_v say_v in_o the_o last_o section_n concern_v the_o late_a prohibition_n of_o french_a good_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v how_o far_o our_o late_a monopoly_n of_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n be_v vanish_v we_o have_v also_o the_o sole_a trade_n for_o woollen_a manufacture_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n which_o trade_n have_v be_v decay_v several_a year_n because_o of_o the_o competition_n of_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a but_o of_o late_a have_v be_v worse_o than_o ever_o by_o reason_n that_o the_o government_n of_o portugal_n since_o the_o year_n 1660_o have_v prohibit_v the_o wear_n of_o english_a cloth_n have_v set_v up_o this_o manufacture_n of_o their_o own_o wool_n we_o still_o drive_v a_o trade_n thither_o hear_v the_o complaint_n of_o these_o clothier_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o manufacture_n 000000_o i_o may_v add_v that_o our_o exported_a wool_n be_v sink_v to_o about_o a_o three_o of_o its_o late_a price_n 000000_o and_o whereas_o before_o the_o say_a irish_a act_n foreign_a ship_n do_v use_v to_o victual_v themselves_o out_o of_o the_o plenty_n of_o england_n the_o irish_a be_v since_o force_v to_o fat_v their_o own_o cattle_n at_o home_n and_o by_o the_o cheapness_n of_o their_o land_n be_v enable_v to_o sell_v cheap_a than_o the_o english_a foreigner_n do_v now_o victual_v their_o ship_n out_o of_o the_o new_a store_n of_o ireland_n and_o cheap_a than_o we_o can_v in_o england_n by_o which_o we_o be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o foreign_n victual_v nay_o what_o be_v yet_o hard_a upon_o we_o the_o very_a english_a ship_n do_v now_o ordinary_o victual_v from_o ireland_n this_o trade_n of_o victual_v be_v also_o much_o prejudice_v by_o our_o late_a art_n of_o navigation_n which_o do_v exclude_v much_o foreign_a ship_n from_o our_o port_n and_o of_o what_o yearly_a loss_n this_o must_v be_v to_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o more_o particular_o to_o the_o english_a land-holders_n i_o submit_v to_o judgement_n 000000_o also_o the_o english_a before_o the_o say_a irish_a act_n export_v vast_a quantity_n of_o butter_n to_o france_n spain_n portugal_n flanders_n italy_n and_o into_o ireland_n itself_o and_o cheese_n also_o but_o the_o irish_a by_o the_o stop_n of_o importation_n of_o lean_a cattle_n be_v put_v to_o make_v another_o rent_n of_o their_o land_n have_v set_v themselves_o to_o the_o make_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o do_v not_o only_o supply_v themselves_o but_o by_o the_o cheapness_n of_o their_o land_n do_v under-sell_a we_o to_o these_o foreigner_n and_o have_v therefore_o in_o a_o manner_n beat_v we_o out_o of_o this_o trade_n and_o how_o much_o this_o must_v affect_v the_o dairy_n and_o rent_n of_o england_n and_o what_o the_o yearly_a loss_n to_o england_n may_v amount_v to_o i_o also_o submit_v to_o judgement_n 000000_o so_o before_o the_o say_a irish_a act_n england_n do_v furnish_v ireland_n with_o hat_n stocking_n die_v stuff_n hide_n fruit_n sugar_n tobacco_n silk_n of_o all_o sort_n gold_n silver_n and_o silk_n lace_n and_o ribbon_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o before_o the_o act_n of_o 15_o car._n 2._o cap._n 7._o entitle_v trade_n encourage_v by_o which_o the_o importation_n of_o scotch_a cattle_n be_v stop_v england_n do_v furnish_v scotland_n with_o wrought_a wire_n of_o all_o sort_n haberdasher_n beware_v as_o hat_n ribbon_n glove_n button_n bandstring_n of_o all_o sort_n vpholsterer_n beware_v as_o hang_n stool_n chair_n etc._n etc._n all_o sort_n of_o cutler_n ware_n as_o knife_n scissors_n sickle_n scithes_n all_o sort_n of_o slop-seller_n beware_v as_o stocking_n cap_n course_n shift_n and_o frock_n by_o all_o which_o the_o english_a manufacturer_n and_o nation_n make_v considerable_a gain_n but_o the_o commerce_n between_o between_o england_n and_o ireland_n and_o england_n and_o scotland_n be_v stop_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a act_n the_o irish_a and_o scotch_a do_v otherwise_o supply_v themselves_o with_o these_o manufacture_n partly_o by_o the_o like_a manufacture_n set_v up_o at_o home_n partly_o by_o such_o other_o foreigner_n with_o who_o they_o now_o trade_n and_o the_o scot_n upon_o occasion_n of_o the_o say_a act_n of_o 15_o car._n 2._o impose_v a_o tax_n of_o 90_o per_fw-la cent._n on_o all_o english_a commodity_n import_v into_o scotland_n 000000_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o put_v a_o just_a estimate_n on_o these_o yearly_a loss_n for_o the_o present_a i_o shall_v leave_v it_o to_o be_v compute_v by_o our_o melancholic_a english_a tradesman_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o same_o irish_a act_n we_o have_v also_o lose_v the_o exportation_n of_o english_a hop_n and_o beer_n from_o the_o eastern_a southern_a and_o western_a part_n of_o england_n into_o ireland_n 000000_o and_o whereas_o before_o the_o say_a irish_a act_n england_n be_v the_o storehouse_n of_o ireland_n and_o do_v furnish_v the_o irish_a with_o foreign_n import_v ware_n of_o all_o sort_n and_o our_o irish_a trade_n do_v maintain_v above_o 100_o sail_n of_o our_o ship_n sail_v between_o beside_o what_o be_v employ_v outward_o with_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o ireland_n since_o the_o say_a act_n the_o irish_a be_v supply_v by_o the_o dutch_a or_o other_o foreign_a store_n and_o navigation_n and_o be_v much_o increase_v in_o ship_n of_o their_o own_o 000000_o and_o as_o if_o the_o mischief_n of_o these_o act_n will_v never_o have_v a_o end_n it_o may_v be_v further_o observe_v they_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o increase_n of_o sheep_n and_o thereby_o of_o a_o vast_a increase_n of_o wool_n in_o ireland_n by_o which_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a woollen_a manufacture_n be_v now_o more_o plentiful_o support_v and_o rather_o cheap_a than_o the_o english._n 000000_o and_o now_o the_o irish_a for_o the_o former_a reason_n also_o furnish_v our_o foreign_a plantation_n with_o very_o much_o of_o their_o butter_n cheese_n clothes_n and_o other_o necessary_n of_o the_o growth_n and_o product_n of_o ireland_n consider_v which_o and_o that_o those_o of_o new_a england_n of_o late_o furnish_v the_o rest_n with_o flower_n biscuit_n salt_n flesh_n fish_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o be_v former_o export_v from_o hence_o we_o may_v expect_v our_o plantation-trade_n for_o sugar_n tobacco_n etc._n etc._n must_v ever_o long_o be_v whole_o drive_v with_o exported_a money_n or_o with_o foreign_a good_n buy_v with_o exported_a money_n since_o by_o this_o mean_n by_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o our_o own_o home-manufacture_n and_o the_o grow_a luxury_n of_o our_o planter_n we_o be_v force_v to_o send_v vast_a quantity_n thither_o already_o particular_o foreign_a linen_n of_o all_o sort_n paper_n silk_n and_o wine_n of_o all_o sort_n brandy_n and_o other_o thing_n mention_v in_o the_o next_o section_n beside_o great_a quantity_n of_o

britannia_fw-la languens_fw-la or_o a_o discourse_n of_o trade_n show_v that_o the_o present_a management_n of_o trade_n in_o england_n be_v the_o true_a reason_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o our_o manufacture_n and_o the_o late_a great_a fall_n of_o land-rent_n and_o that_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o method_n it_o now_o stand_v in_o must_v proportionable_o decay_n england_n wherein_o be_v particular_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o east-india_n company_n as_o now_o manage_v have_v already_o near_o destroy_v our_o trade_n in_o those_o part_n as_o well_o as_o that_o with_o turkey_n and_o in_o short_a time_n must_v necessary_o beggar_v the_o nation_n humble_o offer_v to_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n london_n print_v for_o richard_n baldwin_n near_o the_o black_a bull_n in_o the_o old-bailey_n 1689._o to_o the_o reader_n it_o be_v a_o truth_n beyond_o all_o dispute_n and_o controversy_n sad_a experience_n have_v too_o evident_o make_v out_o the_o proof_n and_o certainty_n of_o it_o that_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n for_o many_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v be_v so_o impolitick_o and_o ill_o manage_v for_o the_o nation_n good_a and_o benefit_n that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o value_n of_o land_n the_o decay_n of_o farmer_n and_o grazier_n and_o almost_o the_o utter_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o choice_a and_o best_a manufactory_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o the_o more_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n shall_v be_v enlarge_v in_o the_o method_n we_o now_o traffic_n in_o the_o more_o mischievous_a and_o ruinous_a it_o must_v prove_v to_o the_o nation_n and_o unless_o some_o speedy_a care_n be_v take_v by_o wise_a and_o prudent_a law_n to_o prevent_v this_o grow_a destruction_n upon_o we_o we_o shall_v most_o insensible_o fall_v to_o the_o great_a penury_n and_o want_n perhaps_o of_o any_o nation_n in_o europe_n though_o this_o kingdom_n otherways_o by_o its_o situation_n and_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o its_o soil_n and_o by_o its_o brave_a harbour_n for_o ship_n the_o choice_a and_o cheap_a material_n for_o the_o stanche_v manufactory_n that_o be_v use_v throughout_o europe_n this_o kingdom_n may_v be_v improve_v not_o only_o to_o double_v the_o value_n of_o land_n but_o by_o advance_v our_o manufactory_a so_o as_o to_o command_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o know_a world_n and_o the_o design_n of_o the_o ingenious_a author_n of_o this_o book_n be_v to_o demonstrate_v the_o above_o assertion_n by_o show_v most_o unanswerable_o the_o fatal_a mischief_n that_o attend_v this_o nation_n by_o the_o method_n of_o trade_n that_o it_o be_v at_o present_a engage_v in_o and_o give_v also_o the_o true_a notion_n of_o trade_n as_o to_o interest_n and_o advantage_n of_o their_o majesty_n and_o all_o their_o subject_n and_o that_o with_o so_o much_o demonstration_n and_o clearness_n that_o the_o author_n will_v not_o have_v probable_o toil_v in_o so_o ingenious_a inquiry_n but_o that_o he_o believe_v can_v he_o intelligible_o make_v out_o the_o truth_n above_o whenever_o the_o great_a assembly_n of_o parliament_n shall_v meet_v they_o will_v take_v it_o into_o their_o wise_a consideration_n themselves_o as_o well_o as_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v concern_v in_o the_o affair_n and_o interest_n hereof_o the_o introduction_n it_o have_v be_v the_o common_a design_n and_o business_n of_o individual_a man_n in_o england_n as_o elsewhere_o to_o obtain_v sufficient_a revenue_n in_o money_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v secure_v themselves_o from_o necessity_n and_o shift_a and_o live_v plentiful_o and_o yet_o it_o may_v be_v undeniable_o and_o uncomfortable_o observe_v that_o whilst_o every_o one_o have_v eager_o pursue_v his_o private_a interest_n a_o kind_n of_o common_a consumption_n have_v crawl_v upon_o we_o since_o our_o land-rent_n be_v general_o much_o fall_v and_o our_o home-commodity_n sink_v from_o their_o late_a price_n and_o value_n our_o poor_a be_v vast_o increase_v and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o people_n general_o more_o and_o more_o feel_v the_o want_n of_o money_n this_o disease_n have_v grow_v upon_o we_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n when_o no_o foreigner_n have_v exhaust_v we_o by_o warlike_a depredation_n may_v very_o just_o amuse_v we_o and_o the_o more_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o observe_v that_o some_o of_o our_o neighbour-nation_n late_o our_o equal_n or_o much_o our_o inferior_n be_v become_v so_o prodigious_o rich_a and_o powerful_a on_o a_o sudden_a i_o mean_v the_o french_a and_o dutch_a certain_o these_o mighty_a production_n must_v have_v some_o great_a and_o vigorous_a cause_n which_o have_v be_v very_o furious_o work_v of_o late_a year_n and_o such_o as_o have_v not_o fall_v under_o common_a observation_n the_o nation_n and_o race_n of_o people_n be_v the_o same_o and_o the_o country_n of_o england_n france_n and_o holland_n stand_v where_o they_o do_v they_o be_v not_o remove_v a_o inch_n nor_o do_v the_o english_a seem_v to_o have_v lose_v their_o understand_n they_o be_v as_o cunning_a in_o their_o private_a contract_n as_o ever_o and_o appear_v nothing_o inferior_a to_o the_o french_a and_o dutch_a in_o most_o part_n of_o literature_n i_o question_v not_o but_o that_o they_o know_v all_o the_o ancient_a language_n and_o history_n as_o well_o that_o our_o academic_n be_v as_o subtle_a in_o all_o the_o criticism_n of_o aristotle_n that_o they_o have_v travel_v as_o far_o into_o the_o most_o abstruse_a part_n of_o his_o logic_n physics_n and_o metaphysic_n and_o yet_o have_v we_o still_o grow_v poor_a and_o poor_a so_o have_v we_o excel_v in_o divers_a necessary_a part_n of_o learning_n we_o have_v have_v as_o able_a eloquent_a and_o eminent_a lawyer_n and_o clergyman_n as_o ever_o and_o as_o notable_a physician_n and_o the_o nation_n seem_v to_o have_v grow_v more_o learned_a and_o therefore_o wise_a than_o before_o by_o the_o late_a vast_a increase_n of_o these_o rank_n of_o man_n the_o present_a disadvantage_n we_o be_v under_o be_v therefore_o common_o attribute_v to_o accident_n of_o divers_a kind_n as_o man_n present_a particular_a fancy_n dictate_v in_o which_o the_o great_a part_n be_v content_v to_o rest_v satisfy_v without_o far_a enquiry_n whilst_o they_o have_v some_o prospect_n of_o gain_n in_o the_o employment_n they_o be_v several_o educate_v to_o some_o ascribe_v the_o fall_n of_o rent_n to_o a_o overgreat_a increase_n of_o corn_n by_o the_o plough_v up_o of_o park_n other_o to_o the_o modern_a parsimony_n in_o housekeep_n the_o lessen_v of_o gentleman_n retinue_n and_o leave_v off_o the_o old_a laudable_a custom_n of_o plentiful_a supper_n which_o they_o suppose_v occasion_n a_o less_o consumption_n of_o victual_n other_o attribute_v this_o and_o the_o want_n of_o money_n in_o the_o country_n to_o the_o great_a resort_n of_o people_n to_o london_n and_o quarrel_n at_o the_o new_a building_n as_o the_o hire_n and_o receptacle_n which_o draw_v they_o thither_o other_o to_o the_o bank_v up_o of_o treasure_n in_o the_o coffer_n of_o some_o unknown_a grandee_n churchman_n lawyer_n or_o citizen_n of_o which_o they_o be_v high_o confident_a for_o else_o they_o say_v what_o be_v become_v of_o the_o money_n then_o for_o the_o late_a progress_n and_o trophy_n of_o the_o french_a many_o look_n upon_o they_o as_o the_o mere_a effect_n of_o the_o despotic_a or_o arbitrary_a power_n of_o that_o monarchy_n or_o of_o the_o personal_a cunning_n of_o some_o man_n now_o live_v in_o france_n i_o remember_v i_o hear_v one_o gentleman_n say_v that_o the_o french_a genius_n be_v up_o wherewith_o he_o give_v himself_o and_o other_o good_a satisfaction_n other_o will_v have_v it_o that_o the_o late_a enemy_n of_o the_o french_a want_v valour_n and_o conduct_n but_o that_o if_o the_o french_a have_v the_o english_a to_o contend_v with_o their_o glory_n will_v soon_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o dust_n for_o the_o dutch_a there_o be_v those_o who_o will_v argue_v their_o riches_n and_o populacy_n to_o proceed_v from_o the_o peculiar_a industry_n of_o that_o nation_n and_o that_o such_o a_o eternal_a toil_n be_v not_o supportable_a by_o any_o other_o other_o to_o their_o small_a expense_n in_o diet_n and_o habit_n other_o to_o particular_a circumstance_n in_o the_o time_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o defection_n from_o spain_n to_o their_o register_n of_o title_n and_o contract_n and_o their_o cheap_a and_o easy_a decision_n of_o law-suit_n of_o all_o other_o thing_n we_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o secure_a in_o the_o matter_n of_o trade_n we_o have_v many_o who_o take_v themselves_o to_o be_v bear_v or_o entitle_v to_o so_o much_o a_o year_n in_o land_n do_v consider_v trade_n as_o no_o otherwise_o necessary_a in_o a_o nation_n than_o to_o support_v young_a brother_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o thrust_v all_o public_a tax_n upon_o trade_n that_o they_o may_v ease_v the_o land_n other_o who_o pretend_v to_o

thing_n necessary_a which_o be_v a_o good_a and_o quick_a vent_n and_o market_n for_o commodity_n without_o which_o all_o manufacture_n will_v decay_v and_o expire_v all_o other_o exportation_n must_v fail_v and_o the_o trade_n from_o port_n to_o port_n can_v be_v no_o long_o practicable_a or_o valuable_a for_o if_o the_o manufacturer_n can_v sell_v his_o manufacture_n he_o have_v labour_v to_o his_o great_a loss_n so_o if_o a_o merchant_n buy_v good_n at_o one_o foreign_a port_n which_o he_o can_v sell_v at_o another_o foreign_a port_n he_o have_v at_o least_o lose_v his_o voyage_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o it_o so_o if_o the_o market_n be_v not_o absolute_o close_v up_o yet_o if_o it_o be_v prejudice_v and_o spoil_v to_o any_o great_a degree_n the_o merchant_n or_o manufacturer_n will_v either_o discontinue_v present_o or_o will_v trade_n less_o and_o less_o and_o will_v fling_v up_o speedy_o if_o the_o market_n do_v not_o mend_v for_o if_o man_n of_o trade_n can_v sell_v for_o reasonable_a profit_n but_o will_v be_v force_v to_o live_v much_o worse_a and_o poor_a than_o other_o man_n of_o the_o like_a degree_n and_o estate_n in_o the_o same_o nation_n they_o will_v not_o continue_v long_o in_o so_o unprofitable_a a_o toil._n the_o home_n and_o foreign_a market_n bear_v such_o a_o sympathy_n one_o with_o the_o other_o that_o obstruction_n in_o the_o market_n at_o home_n may_v arise_v from_o obstruction_n in_o the_o foreign_a market_n as_o well_o as_o immediate_o from_o cause_n at_o home_n for_o if_o the_o foreign_a market_n for_o exportable_a commodity_n fail_v in_o any_o degree_n there_o must_v be_v a_o less_o and_o worse_a vent_n and_o market_n at_o home_n for_o these_o commodity_n if_o the_o foreign_a market_n come_v to_o take_v off_o a_o lesser_a quantity_n yearly_o than_o before_o or_o at_o a_o lesser_a price_n the_o native_n must_v sell_v a_o lesser_a quantity_n and_o at_o a_o lesser_a price_n to_o their_o exporter_n and_o merchant_n who_o will_v not_o buy_v more_o than_o they_o can_v vend_fw-mi again_o nor_o so_o dear_a that_o they_o can_v vend_n they_o with_o sufficient_a profit_n now_o the_o course_n of_o our_o english_a foreign_a merchandise_n have_v beget_v a_o obstruction_n in_o the_o foreign_a market_n because_o our_o merchant_n be_v liable_a to_o great_a charge_n in_o their_o way_n of_o trade_n than_o the_o merchant_n of_o our_o neighbour_n nation_n for_o all_o necessary_a charge_n of_o the_o merchant_n in_o his_o course_n of_o trade_n be_v superadd_v to_o the_o original_a cost_n of_o his_o commodity_n so_o that_o the_o merchant_n upon_o sale_n of_o the_o commodity_n export_v be_v under_o a_o obligation_n to_o pay_v himself_o his_o charge_n and_o yet_o to_o sell_v so_o that_o he_o may_v make_v himself_o a_o reasonable_a gainer_n beside_o then_o if_o a_o foreign_a merchant_n bring_v the_o same_o manufacture_n or_o commodity_n to_o the_o same_o foreign_a port_n with_o less_o charge_n he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o under-sell_a the_o english-merchant_n as_o much_o as_o his_o charge_n be_v less_o and_o yet_o shall_v get_v reasonable_a profit_n and_o if_o the_o merchant_n of_o other_o nation_n be_v able_a to_o sell_v for_o less_o they_o will_v nay_o perhaps_o must_v suppose_v that_o they_o drive_v a_o open_a trade_n and_o upon_o their_o distinct_a stock_n for_o then_o be_v incapable_a of_o combine_v to_o impose_v prize_n and_o desire_v a_o quick_a market_n which_o be_v the_o life_n of_o trade_n they_o will_v be_v work_v down_o by_o the_o foreign_a buyer_n to_o take_v as_o moderate_v profit_n for_o their_o good_n as_o they_o can_v afford_v then_o at_o the_o consequence_n of_o this_o be_v that_o the_o english_a merchant_n must_v either_o forbear_v export_v or_o else_o must_v sink_v his_o prize_n on_o the_o english_a manuacture_n whereby_o the_o english_a manufacture_n must_v be_v stifle_v or_o discourage_v it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o nation_n have_v some_o rich_a and_o necessary_a material_a and_o manufacture_n within_o itself_o exclusive_a to_o other_o nation_n it_o have_v the_o monopoly_n of_o this_o manufacture_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o can_v be_v under-sold_a but_o may_v vend_fw-mi it_o so_o as_o to_o pay_v all_o extraordinary_a charge_n with_o sufficient_a gain_n to_o the_o manufacturer_n and_o merchant_n which_o be_v heretofore_o the_o case_n of_o england_n in_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n but_o if_o a_o manufacture_n or_o commodity_n be_v common_a to_o england_n and_o holland_n or_o england_n and_o france_n and_o the_o hollander_n or_o french_a can_v bring_v this_o manufacture_n or_o commodity_n cheap_a to_o a_o three_o foreign_a port_n than_o the_o english_a the_o hollander_n or_o french_a underselling_a the_o english_a will_v beat_v the_o english_a out_o of_o the_o manufacture_n it_o be_v account_v that_o the_o odds_o of_o two_o per_fw-la cent_n nay_o of_o one_o per_fw-la cent_n will_v produce_v this_o advantage_n a_o inequality_n of_o charge_n on_o merchandise_n must_v also_o influence_n the_o trade_n from_o port_n to_o port_n for_o if_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a merchant_n come_v to_o the_o same_o port_n with_o the_o same_o foreign_a commodity_n the_o dutch_a can_v ordinary_o under-sell_a the_o english_a it_o must_v also_o be_v of_o the_o same_o consequence_n in_o this_o sort_n of_o trade_n this_o happen_v to_o be_v the_o case_n between_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a the_o dutch_a be_v upon_o their_o defection_n from_o spain_n drive_v into_o great_a exigency_n and_o therefore_o become_v studious_a and_o emulous_a how_o to_o advance_v their_o trade_n have_v contrive_v all_o imaginable_a way_n how_o to_o trade_n cheap_a who_o example_n other_o neighbouring-state_n and_o kingdom_n have_v follow_v in_o a_o great_a degree_n and_o the_o french_a among_o the_o rest_n whilst_o the_o english_a do_v not_o only_o proceed_v in_o their_o former_a more_o chargeable_a method_n of_o trade_n but_o have_v clog_v their_o navigation_n and_o merchant_n more_o and_o more_o whereof_o i_o shall_v give_v some_o instance_n and_o shall_v leave_v the_o computation_n of_o the_o odds_o to_o the_o reader_n first_o the_o dutch_a have_v find_v and_o long_o use_v such_o a_o way_n of_o build_v their_o ordinary_a trade_n ship_n and_o vessel_n that_o they_o will_v sail_v with_o eight_o or_o ten_o man_n when_o a_o english_a build_v ship_n of_o about_o the_o same_o burden_n shall_v not_o sail_v without_o near_o thirty_o man_n so_o that_o the_o english_a merchant_n must_v ordinary_o be_v at_o more_o charge_n for_o wage_n and_o victual_n by_o two_o three_o than_o the_o dutch._n second_o the_o english_a custom_n for_o foreign_a good_n import_v and_o re-exported_n though_o half_a the_o custom_n pay_v be_v return_v upon_o re-exportation_a be_v near_o twenty_o time_n great_a than_o the_o dutch_a custom_n and_o for_o home_n commodity_n export_v if_o not_o for_o all_o be_v great_a than_o the_o dutch_a or_o french_a custom_n which_o do_v work_v a_o further_a charge_n on_o the_o english_a merchant_n for_o three_o by_o this_o mean_v our_o english_a merchant_n be_v ordinary_o force_v to_o keep_v near_o a_o four_o part_n of_o their_o stock_n dead_a at_o home_n to_o answer_v custom_n so_o that_o a_o dutch_a merchant_n may_v drive_v the_o same_o trade_n with_o a_o much_o less_o stock_n four_o the_o late_a act_n of_o navigation_n and_o the_o act_n of_o 14_o car._n 2._o cap._n 11._o confine_v the_o english_a trade_n to_o ship_n build_v with_o english_a timber_n which_o be_v now_o exceed_v scarce_o and_o dear_a the_o dutch_a french_a dane_n hamburgher_n etc._n etc._n can_v have_v ship-timber_n in_o germany_n france_n and_o denmark_n for_o less_o than_o half_a the_o price_n of_o we_o so_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o same_o act_n of_o navigation_n have_v the_o dutch_a and_o french_a their_o cordage_n mast_n sail_n tackle_n pitch_n and_o tar_n be_v all_o necessary_a and_o chargeable_a ingredient_n of_o navigation_n very_o much_o cheap_a than_o the_o english_a so_o that_o the_o hollander_n or_o french_a or_o dane_n nay_o almost_o any_o other_o of_o our_o neighbour_n can_v build_v and_o apparel_v a_o ship_n or_o fit_v up_o and_o repair_v at_o a_o less_o charge_n by_o half_a than_o the_o english_a can_v do_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v more_o at_o large_a discourse_v by_o mr._n roger_n cook_n in_o his_o late_a ingenious_a treatise_n of_o trade_n and_o five_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o late_a irish_a act_n against_o importation_n of_o cattle_n cap._n the_o dutch_a and_o french_a can_n and_o do_v victual_v their_o ship_n cheap_a with_o irish_a victual_n than_o the_o english_a can_v do_v in_o england_n whereas_o before_o england_n can_v victual_v cheap_a than_o any_o nation_n in_o europe_n six_o the_o english_a pay_n 6_o per_fw-la cent._n interest_n for_o money_n and_o the_o dutch_a but_o 3_o per_fw-la cent._n or_o less_o france_n which_o be_v to_o our_o english_a merchant_n of_o a_o strange_a

vent_n of_o manufacture_n our_o manufacturer_n liable_a to_o be_v impose_v upon_o by_o our_o merchant_n and_o by_o engrosser_n a_o disadvantage_n by_o the_o restitution_n of_o half_a custom_n on_o the_o re-exportation_a it_o be_v natural_a that_o the_o continuance_n of_o one_o inconvenience_n shall_v beget_v many_o other_o it_o have_v so_o fall_v out_o in_o england_n our_o native_n discern_v the_o odds_o of_o charge_n between_o our_o own_o and_o foreign_a navigation_n and_o be_v therefore_o tempt_v to_o trade_n in_o foreign_a ship_n or_o to_o deal_v with_o foreign_a importer_n which_o threaten_v the_o subversion_n of_o our_o english_a navigation_n and_o the_o import_v trade_n of_o our_o english_a merchant_n instead_o of_o regulate_v our_o navigation_n the_o late_a act_n of_o navigation_n be_v make_v whereby_o and_o by_o other_o act_n 7._o our_o english_a exportation_n be_v express_o or_o virtual_o confine_v to_o our_o own_o english_a build_v ship_n so_o be_v the_o importation_n of_o foreign_a good_n or_o else_o to_o the_o foreign_a native_n of_o who_o growth_n or_o production_n they_o be_v which_o restraint_n have_v beget_v or_o joint_o with_o the_o other_o clog_v on_o our_o foreign_a merchandise_n have_v heighten_v these_o far_a inconvenience_n first_o it_o have_v give_v a_o monopoly_n to_o our_o own_o merchant_n upon_o our_o manufacturer_n and_o people_n for_o our_o own_o exportable_a manufacture_n and_o commodity_n second_o it_o have_v give_v a_o monopoly_n to_o our_o own_o merchant_n upon_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n for_o good_n import_v three_o the_o say_a act_n of_o navigation_n oblige_v the_o english_a to_o buy_v import_v good_n only_o at_o those_o port_n or_o of_o those_o native_n of_o who_o growth_n and_o production_n they_o be_v have_v give_v monopoly_n to_o all_o foreigner_n on_o the_o english_a for_o good_n of_o their_o respective_a growth_n and_o production_n trade_n the_o dane_n for_o instance_n take_v advantage_n of_o it_o very_o much_o raise_v their_o prize_n and_o custom_n upon_o we_o for_o pitch_n tar_n and_o timber_n force_v we_o to_o pay_v near_o double_a what_o we_o do_v and_o to_o pay_v they_o in_o money_n where_o we_o use_v to_o barter_n with_o they_o for_o commodity_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o the_o french_a those_o of_o the_o canary-island_n and_o other_o particular_o the_o leiflander_n for_o raw_a hemp_n and_o flax_n at_o the_o best_a we_o be_v but_o at_o mercy_n four_o this_o act_n have_v make_v our_o navigation_n yet_o more_o chargeable_a than_o before_o because_o the_o aforesaid_a foreign_a material_n of_o pitch_n tar_n raw_a hemp_n and_o flax_n be_v thereby_o make_v very_o much_o the_o dear_a it_o do_v also_o render_v english_a ship-timber_n still_o dear_a and_o dear_a which_o must_v more_o and_o more_o disable_v and_o discourage_v we_o in_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n for_o trade_n and_o give_v a_o great_a and_o dangerous_a advantage_n to_o our_o neighbour_n in_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n of_o war_n so_o much_o cheap_a than_o we_o five_o this_o dearness_n of_o ship_n must_v the_o more_o prejudice_v the_o vent_n of_o our_o manufacture_n make_v of_o our_o own_o material_n and_o disable_v we_o in_o the_o trade_n from_o port_n to_o port_n for_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o last_o section_n six_o the_o same_o dearness_n of_o ship_n with_o the_o other_o unequal_a charge_n on_o our_o foreign_a merchandise_n must_v render_v all_o foreign_a material_n of_o manufacture_n import_v much_o dear_a in_o england_n than_o in_o other_o neighbour-nation_n such_o be_v hemp_n flax_n silk_n and_o many_o other_o of_o great_a consequence_n and_o then_o our_o manufacturer_n buy_v the_o material_n dear_a be_v oblige_v to_o sell_v their_o manufacture_n dear_a which_o must_v hinder_v their_o vent_n at_o home_n as_o well_o as_o their_o exportation_n abroad_o and_o consequent_o the_o rise_n and_o growth_n of_o all_o our_o manufacture_n make_v of_o foreign_a material_n and_o according_o we_o see_v our_o manufacture_n of_o linen_n cable_n sail_n sea-net_n and_o silk_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v some_o of_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n lose_v the_o rest_n much_o decay_v which_o i_o the_o rather_o mention_v that_o this_o and_o what_o i_o say_v elsewhere_o may_v take_v off_o some_o ignorant_a and_o unreasonable_a reproach_n against_o the_o english_a manufacturer_n for_o not_o sell_v some_o manufacture_n so_o cheap_a as_o in_o other_o nation_n since_o they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o it_o by_o these_o and_o some_o other_o difficulty_n upon_o they_o which_o i_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o in_o this_o and_o the_o next_o section_n as_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n seven_o this_o restraint_n to_o our_o dear_a english_a navigation_n and_o charge_n on_o our_o merchandise_n do_v by_o consequence_n tend_v to_o introduce_v the_o disease_n of_o trade_n consist_v in_o mere_a importation_n for_o as_o our_o manufacture_n expire_v there_o be_v a_o far_a occasion_n of_o import_v foreign_a manufacture_n especial_o if_o on_o this_o and_o other_o account_n they_o may_v be_v sell_v cheap_a here_o than_o our_o own_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o we_o have_v a_o prodigious_a increase_n of_o import_v linen_n silk_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o we_o be_v of_o late_o force_v to_o buy_v much_o more_o of_o our_o cable_n cordage_n sail_n and_o divers_a other_o manufacture_n from_o the_o dutch_a french_a german_n etc._n etc._n than_o former_o we_o do_v in_o all_o which_o our_o merchant_n must_v be_v great_a gainer_n for_o a_o time_n because_o our_o occasion_n for_o foreign_a good_n be_v great_a they_o import_n and_o sell_v the_o more_o at_o home_n and_o from_o more_o and_o great_a sales_n must_v get_v the_o more_o money_n of_o our_o native_n and_o the_o rather_o because_o of_o their_o monopoly_n on_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n for_o import_v good_n which_o do_v enable_v they_o to_o sell_v so_o at_o home_n as_o to_o reimburse_v themselves_o all_o their_o charge_n with_o extraordinary_a profit_n eight_o the_o say_a restraint_n exclude_v great_a number_n of_o foreign_a ship_n from_o our_o port_n must_v hinder_v the_o vend_n of_o great_a proportion_n of_o our_o beef_n pork_n corn_n beer_n clothe_v and_o other_o necessary_n nine_o the_o dearness_n of_o the_o english_a timber_n arise_v from_o the_o scarcity_n of_o it_o the_o say_a act_n do_v oblige_v we_o to_o a_o kind_n of_o impossibility_n there_o be_v not_o timber_n enough_o in_o england_n to_o support_v any_o considerable_a navigation_n at_o least_o for_o any_o continuance_n of_o time_n which_o small_a remnant_n of_o timber_n we_o be_v force_v to_o spend_v so_o fast_o in_o the_o build_n or_o repair_v of_o ordinary_a vessel_n that_o we_o shall_v soon_o see_v the_o end_n of_o it_o and_o then_o in_o any_o great_a exigence_n we_o must_v seek_v out_o for_o foreign_a timber_n to_o build_v ship_n of_o war_n for_o which_o the_o timber_n now_o remain_v may_v be_v reserve_v ten_o whereas_o the_o increase_n and_o support_v of_o navigation_n depend_v on_o the_o ordinary_a employment_n of_o ship_n and_o seaman_n in_o trade_n of_o which_o far_o the_o great_a number_n be_v to_o be_v maintain_v in_o the_o fishing-trade_n and_o trade_n from_o port_n to_o port_n the_o english_a be_v by_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o other_o difficulty_n disable_v from_o those_o trade_n can_v never_o increase_v their_o navigation_n and_o upon_o a_o small_a increase_n of_o ship_n must_v be_v over-clogged_a eleven_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n give_v foreigner_n election_n either_o to_o sell_v their_o good_n to_o the_o english_a at_o home_n or_o to_o import_n they_o into_o england_n be_v so_o far_o from_o encourage_v our_o navigation_n discourse_v that_o it_o have_v put_v it_o into_o the_o choice_n of_o foreigner_n whether_o they_o or_o our_o ship_n shall_v be_v employ_v which_o with_o the_o dearness_n of_o we_o have_v already_o increase_v the_o navigation_n of_o our_o neighbour_n but_o have_v reduce_v we_o and_o last_o as_o the_o dearness_n of_o our_o navigation_n and_o course_n of_o merchandise_n establish_v by_o this_o act_n do_v run_v we_o into_o a_o excess_n of_o importation_n our_o treasure_n must_v be_v exhaust_v and_o then_o the_o remnant_n of_o our_o ship_n must_v be_v becalm_v and_o our_o seaman_n will_v leave_v we_o as_o they_o already_o do_v which_o i_o shall_v more_o particular_o observe_v in_o the_o follow_a section_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o must_v be_v apparent_a that_o if_o we_o have_v dispose_v ourselves_o to_o a_o cheap_a way_n of_o building_n and_o sail_v our_o trading-ship_n be_v as_o practicable_a here_o as_o in_o holland_n and_o have_v ease_v our_o merchandise_n and_o trade_n to_o a_o equal_a degree_n these_o and_o all_o other_o the_o aforesaid_a mischief_n have_v be_v prevent_v and_o we_o may_v have_v support_v a_o more_o swell_a and_o beneficial_a navigation_n than_o that_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n who_o be_v so_o far_o from_o make_v

we_o find_v it_o necessary_a to_o export_v all_o the_o corn_n we_o can_v we_o eat_v very_o little_a fish_n and_o have_v make_v act_n against_o the_o importation_n of_o foreign_a cattle_n which_o by_o the_o way_n give_v a_o monopoly_n to_o a_o few_o english_a and_o welsh_a breed_v county_n on_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o yet_o we_o think_v our_o market_n overclogged_n but_o england_n be_v not_o only_o prejudice_v by_o the_o paucity_n of_o people_n but_o we_o have_v another_o rank_n of_o statute_n which_o hinder_v very_o many_o of_o those_o we_o have_v from_o apply_v themselves_o to_o manufacture_n one_o be_v the_o stat._n of_o 43_o the_o eliz._n cap._n 2._o which_o according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o it_o seem_v necessary_a now_o when_o we_o have_v such_o a_o vast_a increase_n of_o poor_a but_o such_o be_v the_o arbitrary_a latitude_n give_v by_o the_o act_n to_o overseer_n and_o justice_n that_o many_o of_o our_o laborious_a people_n well_o able_a to_o work_v by_o clamour_n or_o favour_n get_v parish_n maintenance_n choose_v rather_o to_o live_v lazy_o by_o this_o mean_n assist_v with_o some_o pilfer_n then_o we_o have_v the_o stat._n of_o 5_o the_o eliz._n cap._n 4._o which_o though_o it_o gratify_v the_o blind_a avarice_n of_o some_o of_o our_o corporation_n man_n be_v more_o prejudicial_a by_o restrain_v our_o people_n to_o work_v in_o manufacture_n unless_o they_o have_v serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n full_a seven_o year_n which_o be_v so_o long_a a_o term_n of_o drudgery_n and_o slavery_n before_o they_o can_v reap_v any_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n that_o parent_n be_v deter_v from_o put_v their_o child_n apprentice_n to_o manufacture_n nor_o will_v many_o of_o our_o youth_n or_o young_a man_n be_v bring_v to_o it_o especial_o the_o most_o apt_a and_o docile_a and_o those_o of_o ripeness_n of_o year_n of_o which_o many_o will_v be_v more_o perfect_a in_o 3_o or_o 4_o year_n than_o other_o in_o 10_o and_o therefore_o they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o other_o more_o easy_a and_o ready_a employment_n or_o else_o live_v idle_a the_o same_o act_n do_v very_o strange_o provide_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v take_v a_o apprentice_n for_o woollen_a manufacture_n in_o any_o town_n corporate_a unless_o such_o apprentice_n be_v his_o son_n or_o the_o father_n or_o mother_n of_o such_o apprentice_n have_v the_o clear_a yearly_a value_n of_o 40_o s._n inheritance_n nor_o in_o any_o market-town_n or_o village_n unless_o he_o be_v his_o son_n or_o his_o father_n or_o mother_n have_v the_o clear_a yearly_a value_n of_o 3_o l._n inheritance_n which_o clause_n apparent_o shut_v out_o at_o least_o 5_o part_n of_o the_o people_n in_o 6_o from_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n and_o by_o consequence_n tend_v to_o the_o depopulation_n of_o our_o inland_a town_n the_o increase_n of_o rogue_n vagabond_n and_o poor_a these_o difficulty_n on_o trade_n beget_v the_o act_n of_o the_o 43._o eliz._n and_o many_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n and_o thereby_o much_o work_v for_o our_o justice_n which_o by_o the_o way_n may_v give_v occasion_n to_o observe_v how_o vain_a it_o be_v to_o make_v act_n against_o rogue_n vagabond_n or_o poor_a nay_o against_o theft_n or_o murder_n how_o little_a the_o house_n of_o correction_n whipping-post_n pillory_n or_o gallow_n can_v prevail_v whilst_o our_o other_o constitution_n drive_v our_o people_n into_o necessity_n nor_o any_o prohibitory_a or_o penal_a law_n ever_o have_v the_o intend_a effect_n unless_o the_o ground_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o mischief_n be_v remove_v of_o which_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o when_o i_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o our_o late_a prohibition_n of_o french_a good_n among_o the_o restraint_n on_o our_o english_a trade_n the_o enclosure_n of_o trade_n to_o the_o freeman_n of_o corporation_n and_o guild_v may_v be_v deserve_o mention_v as_o one_o this_o privilege_n be_v claim_v by_o most_o or_o all_o of_o our_o ancient_a corporation_n and_o may_v be_v well_o intend_v at_o first_o by_o the_o donor_n but_o as_o now_o use_v be_v very_o prejudicial_a for_o the_o power_n of_o admit_v freeman_n be_v general_o lodge_v in_o a_o council_n or_o committee_n of_o a_o few_o freeman_n any_o foreigner_n and_o such_o they_o call_v all_o those_o who_o be_v not_o son_n or_o apprentice_n of_o seven_o year_n stand_v to_o a_o freeman_n in_o the_o same_o town_n must_v buy_v his_o freedom_n before_o he_o can_v exercise_v any_o open_a trade_n there_o for_o which_o these_o freeman_n be_v leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o demand_v as_o great_a and_o arbitrary_a price_n as_o they_o please_v or_o if_o they_o will_v may_v whole_o refuse_v whence_o it_o common_o follow_v that_o beginner_n in_o manufacture_n and_o other_o trade_n be_v foreigner_n and_o have_v but_o small_a stock_n can_v never_o obtain_v freedom_n and_o without_o it_o be_v burden_a and_o plague_v with_o by-law_n penalty_n distress_n and_o seizure_n nay_o if_o a_o man_n be_v exquisite_a in_o his_o trade_n he_o shall_v hardly_o get_v a_o freedom_n for_o money_n in_o a_o corporation_n where_o there_o be_v more_o free_a of_o the_o same_o trade_n for_o than_o he_o be_v look_v on_o as_o a_o dangerous_a person_n and_o likely_a to_o eat_v the_o bread_n out_o of_o their_o mouth_n as_o they_o phrase_v it_o in_o which_o they_o will_v gratify_v and_o influence_n one_o another_o be_v the_o common_a cause_n and_o can_v easy_o do_v it_o the_o few_o freeman_n there_o be_v in_o a_o trade_n they_o think_v the_o rest_n may_v get_v the_o more_o and_o thus_o be_v most_o of_o our_o ancient_a corporation_n and_o guild_v become_v oppressive_a oligarchy_n exclude_v or_o discourage_v the_o english_a subject_n from_o trading_n in_o our_o great_a and_o best_a situate_v town_n where_o the_o market_n be_v and_o which_o be_v therefore_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o ready_a seat_n for_o manufacture_n and_o other_o commerce_n for_o this_o and_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 5_o the_o of_o eliz._n our_o corporation-man_n have_v only_o this_o to_o say_v that_o care_n ought_v to_o be_v take_v that_o none_o but_o person_n skilful_a shall_v exercise_v any_o trade_n which_o be_v true_a but_o the_o law_n of_o necessity_n common_a sense_n and_o experience_n provide_v sufficient_o for_o this_o since_o a_o unskilful_a artificer_n or_o trader_n will_v not_o find_v employment_n and_o therefore_o must_v receive_v due_a punishment_n by_o his_o own_o ignorance_n it_o be_v confess_v manufacture_n may_v be_v make_v deceitful_o which_o may_v disgrace_v and_o prejudice_v our_o vent_n abroad_o but_o this_o fraud_n be_v a_o act_n of_o skill_n which_o can_v be_v discover_v or_o prevent_v without_o the_o daily_a scrutiny_n of_o judicious_a person_n for_o which_o our_o other_o former_a statute_n have_v already_o make_v some_o provision_n but_o defective_a it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v there_o be_v a_o constant_a judicature_n of_o man_n know_v in_o trade_n in_o every_o county_n to_o supervise_v the_o sufficiency_n of_o manufacture_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n this_o argument_n for_o the_o support_n of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 5_o the_o of_o eliz._n and_o freedom_n must_v appear_v very_o fallacious_a since_o both_o the_o act_n and_o the_o freedom_n serve_v only_o to_o exclude_v the_o english_a subject_n and_o of_o those_o many_o of_o the_o most_o skilful_a from_o trade_n and_o by_o enclose_v manufacture_n to_o a_o few_o hinder_v their_o growth_n and_o make_v they_o far_o dear_a a_o far_a inconvenience_n of_o these_o freedom_n be_v that_o the_o pre-emption_a of_o our_o manufacture_n and_o import_v good_n in_o most_o of_o our_o inferior_a corporation_n and_o city_n as_o well_o as_o in_o london_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n enclose_v to_o the_o number_n and_o stock_n of_o the_o freeman_n and_o be_v very_o much_o subject_n to_o their_o pleasure_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o union_n and_o correspondence_n in_o counsel_n so_o that_o he_o who_o will_v escape_v the_o long_a land-carriage_n to_o london_n and_o london_n company_n must_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o these_o other_o freeman_n these_o freeman_n have_v general_o so_o brave_a a_o time_n of_o it_o that_o they_o can_v live_v in_o ease_n and_o plenty_n every_o shop_n resemble_v a_o office_n whilst_o the_o laborious_a part_n of_o our_o trader_n be_v ready_a to_o perish_v which_o privilege_n can_v not_o have_v survive_v the_o statute_n of_o 21_o jac._n against_o monopoly_n but_o that_o they_o be_v save_v by_o a_o special_a proviso_n in_o that_o statute_n so_o civil_a be_v the_o burgess_n of_o corporation_n at_o that_o time_n our_o trade_n be_v thus_o clog_v and_o the_o very_a avenue_n to_o manufacture_n so_o much_o narrow_v and_o choke_v up_o it_o do_v not_o a_o little_a help_n to_o the_o subvert_v of_o our_o manufacture_n and_o other_o trade_n that_o the_o passage_n to_o other_o preferment_n be_v make_v so_o open_a and_o easy_a at_o present_a i_o mean_v all_o

be_v visible_a during_o the_o whole_a infancy_n of_o the_o present_a french_a king_n though_o he_o have_v a_o mother_n and_o so_o faithful_a and_o wise_a a_o minister_n as_o mazarine_n the_o high_a animosity_n of_o the_o french_a prince_n and_o noble_n carry_v they_o into_o continual_a distraction_n and_o civil_a war_n so_o that_o have_v the_o english_a or_o any_o other_o neighbour_n nation_n then_o be_v in_o a_o condition_n to_o have_v support_v the_o malcontent_n they_o may_v have_v subvert_v the_o french_a empire_n which_o mischief_n be_v total_o or_o in_o a_o high_a measure_n avoid_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o parliament_n without_o who_o consent_n law_n can_v be_v alter_v or_o public_a innovation_n make_v and_o who_o by_o their_o course_n of_o impeachment_n be_v a_o continual_a check_n and_o awe_n upon_o man_n of_o indirect_a and_o ambitious_a design_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o excellent_a motto_n of_o our_o own_o sacred_a prince_n it_o may_v be_v true_o say_v of_o such_o a_o monarchy_n and_o its_o parliament_n that_o they_o be_v to_o each_o other_o decus_fw-la &_o tutamen_fw-la what_o will_v have_v become_v of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n when_o their_o king_n john_n be_v prisoner_n in_o england_n have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o their_o estate_n or_o parliament_n we_o have_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o be_v that_o crown_n and_o nation_n bring_v into_o great_a exigency_n and_o distress_n by_o any_o foreign_a power_n they_o will_v be_v convene_v again_o the_o constitution_n be_v not_o there_o absolute_o dissolve_v as_o the_o say_v de_fw-fr gerrard_n observe_v nothing_o can_v be_v fatal_a to_o such_o a_o government_n but_o a_o disunion_n between_o the_o prince_n and_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o transcendent_a policy_n of_o this_o our_o form_n of_o government_n consist_v in_o the_o high_a obligation_n and_o mean_n of_o a_o union_n the_o prince_n be_v invest_v with_o the_o mighty_a prerogative_n of_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n call_v prorogue_a and_o dissolve_v parliament_n and_o as_o many_o other_o as_o fill_v volume_n have_v such_o a_o controll_n on_o the_o parliament_n that_o it_o be_v general_o to_o be_v presume_v they_o will_v ever_o gratify_v he_o in_o whatsoever_o be_v any_o way_n consistent_a with_o that_o trust_n they_o be_v under_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o parliament_n be_v the_o great_a and_o high_a council_n and_o their_o consent_n requesite_a to_o all_o new_a tax_n whensoever_o the_o prince_n on_o any_o emergency_n desire_v their_o advice_n or_o a_o supply_n of_o money_n the_o people_n must_v necessary_o have_v time_n to_o represent_v their_o true_a grievance_n to_o he_o who_o princely_a favour_n and_o occasion_n will_v then_o equal_o call_v upon_o he_o to_o redress_v what_o be_v real_o amiss_o in_o which_o commutation_n he_o must_v have_v a_o far_o great_a advantage_n than_o any_o bare_a tax_n he_o receive_v since_o as_o it_o appear_v the_o true_a strength_n of_o all_o monarchy_n and_o government_n depend_v upon_o well-being_n ability_n and_o increase_v of_o the_o populacy_n which_o no_o other_o prince_n have_v comparable_o so_o certain_a a_o mean_n to_o understand_v and_o improve_v as_o he_o that_o have_v a_o parliament_n to_o all_o which_o may_v be_v add_v that_o mutual_a affection_n which_o must_v natural_o follow_v these_o endearment_n and_o which_o must_v render_v the_o prince_n and_o nation_n much_o the_o strong_a never_o to_o be_v hope_v for_o in_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o monarchy_n there_o be_v yet_o far_a obligation_n to_o this_o union_n between_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n from_o a_o just_a sense_n of_o those_o fatality_n which_o must_v follow_v a_o disunion_n we_o need_v not_o resort_v far_o than_o to_o the_o fable_n where_o we_o have_v a_o account_n of_o a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o several_a limb_n of_o the_o body_n natural_a whereof_o the_o consequence_n be_v that_o every_o part_n grow_v present_o languid_a and_o impotent_a and_o ready_a to_o yield_v itself_o a_o feast_n to_o the_o raven_n if_o then_o there_o be_v the_o utmost_a advantage_n on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o mischief_n on_o the_o other_o this_o be_v all_o humane_a prudence_n can_v provide_v god_n himself_o have_v do_v no_o more_o in_o those_o divine_a institution_n which_o he_o have_v project_v for_o the_o support_n felicity_n and_o security_n of_o mankind_n against_o which_o it_o have_v never_o yet_o be_v account_v any_o objection_n that_o they_o have_v be_v violate_v nor_o be_v it_o any_o against_o the_o form_n of_o our_o government_n that_o it_o have_v fall_v into_o some_o convulsion_n as_o long_o as_o man_n be_v man_n there_o will_v be_v pravity_n and_o irregular_a appetite_n among_o they_o which_o in_o some_o age_n and_o circumstance_n may_v be_v able_a to_o give_v great_a disturbance_n than_o in_o other_o if_o in_o any_o society_n of_o man_n unreasonable_a and_o destructive_a proposition_n be_v insist_v upon_o or_o reasonable_a and_o necessary_a one_o refuse_v disunion_n be_v inevitable_a this_o i_o say_v in_o general_a it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o my_o design_n to_o rub_v up_o old_a sore_n nor_o will_v it_o i_o presume_v be_v expect_v i_o shall_v embroil_v the_o present_a subject_n by_o vindicate_a side_n or_o party_n let_v the_o consequence_n of_o former_a disunion_n be_v remember_v but_o why_o shall_v i_o dwell_v long_o upon_o argument_n to_o evince_v the_o admirable_a frame_n of_o our_o government_n when_o it_o be_v so_o unanswerable_o demonstrate_v by_o its_o former_a splendid_a continuance_n for_o near_a 100_o year_n by_o the_o glory_n of_o our_o prince_n who_o in_o conjunction_n with_o their_o parliament_n ever_o be_v and_o think_v themselves_o the_o great_a and_o happy_a in_o europe_n by_o their_o stupendous_a achievement_n in_o war_n and_o by_o the_o former_a ready_a adherence_n and_o large_a contribution_n of_o our_o parliament_n in_o what_o tend_v to_o the_o advantage_n or_o honour_n of_o england_n we_o have_v no_o other_o form_n of_o government_n in_o our_o edward_n the_o three_o or_o henry_n the_o five_o time_n who_o successive_o find_v supply_n of_o english_a treasure_n and_o courage_n enough_o to_o conquer_v france_n our_o queen_n elizabeth_n since_o baffled_z the_o despotic_a and_o then_o tremendous_a monarchy_n of_o spain_n which_o continue_v absolute_a be_v notwithstanding_o its_o vast_a extent_n of_o territory_n one_o of_o the_o weak_a in_o europe_n have_v our_o henry_n the_o seven_o entertain_v the_o overture_n of_o columbus_n or_o our_o council_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n or_o since_o the_o wise_a observation_n of_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n or_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o france_n and_o other_o neighbour_a nation_n in_o ease_v and_o improve_n our_o trade_n there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o english_a treasure_n and_o power_n have_v far_o surmount_v both_o the_o spanish_a and_o french_a at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v notorious_a that_o the_o subject_n of_o 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might_n this_o way_n prove_v high_o serviceable_a to_o the_o public_a and_o find_v business_n for_o penman_n to_o write_v their_o memoir_n as_o in_o france_n they_o do_v whereas_o by_o the_o want_n of_o a_o sufficient_a home-treasure_n the_o more_o courageous_a sort_n must_v either_o be_v hackney_n to_o foreigner_n or_o degenerate_a into_o hector_n or_o thief_n at_o home_n and_o be_v kill_v in_o brawl_n or_o be_v hang_v for_o murder_n or_o robbery_n the_o more_o deliberative_a generous_o regard_v the_o common_a exigency_n more_o than_o their_o own_o may_v lie_v under_o the_o frown_n of_o fortune_n and_o great_a man_n and_o be_v think_v burdensome_a and_o dangerous_a there_o be_v many_o other_o disadvantage_n which_o follow_v a_o national_a poverty_n as_o have_v be_v note_v before_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o this_o or_o that_o mere_a form_n of_o government_n or_o temper_n of_o the_o people_n that_o a_o speedy_a and_o complete_a regulation_n of_o our_o english_a trade_n may_v yet_o further_o appear_v high_o