Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	act_n	great_a	parliament_n	3,586	5	6.2777	4	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A45667	Remarks on the affairs and trade of England and Ireland wherein is set down 1. the antient charge of Ireland, and all the forces sent thither from 1170 until the compleat conquest thereof in 1602 ..., 2. the peculiar advantages which accrue to England by Ireland ..., 3. the state of trade, revenue, rents, manufactures, &c. of Ireland, with the causes of its poverty ..., 4. the only sure expedients for their advancement, with the necessity and utility of the repeal (as well as suspension) of the laws against dissenters, and the test, 5. how the reduction and settlement of Ireland may be improved to the advantage of England ... / by a hearty well-wisher to the Protestant religion, and the prosperity of these kingdoms.	Harris, Walter, Sir.	1691 (1691)	Wing H886; ESTC R13627	68,949	83

law_n make_v in_o england_n wherein_o ireland_n be_v name_v bind_v ireland_n etc._n etc._n ireland_n be_v by_o these_o and_o several_a other_o way_n in_o a_o manner_n incorporate_v and_o become_v one_o body_n with_o england_n in_o those_o act_n they_o note_v two_o thing_n the_o end_n of_o they_o and_o the_o reason_n of_o they_o the_o end_n of_o they_o be_v to_o keep_v the_o plantation_n in_o a_o firm_a dependence_n on_o england_n to_o appropriate_v the_o trade_n to_o and_o from_o they_o to_o england_n and_o that_o england_n may_v be_v a_o staple_n for_o the_o plantation_n commodity_n they_o say_v all_o these_o end_n save_v in_o one_o little_a particular_a of_o small_a moment_n to_o england_n but_o of_o great_a importance_n to_o ireland_n be_v infallible_o secure_v to_o england_n without_o these_o act_n of_o restraint_n etc._n etc._n as_o to_o the_o first_o they_o say_v that_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n be_v general_o english_a or_o of_o english_a extraction_n and_o have_v many_o plantation_n in_o these_o island_n be_v part_n proprietor_n that_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o their_o trade_n and_o yearly_o send_v many_o of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n thither_o can_v weaken_v but_o rather_o firm_a their_o dependence_n on_o england_n which_o confess_o in_o those_o act_n can_v be_v supply_v from_o or_o not_o without_o great_a prejudice_n to_o england_n and_o which_o else_o must_v be_v supply_v with_o more_o negro_n to_o the_o hazard_n if_o not_o ruin_n and_o loss_n of_o those_o plantation_n as_o to_o another_o end_n which_o be_v that_o england_n may_v supply_v those_o plantation_n with_o all_o asian_a african_a and_o european_a commodity_n they_o say_v that_o ireland_n have_v not_o be_v accustom_v to_o send_v any_o of_o these_o except_o those_o of_o the_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n of_o ireland_n to_o the_o plantation_n nor_o can_v they_o send_v any_o other_o if_o they_o have_v full_a liberty_n for_o by_o the_o act_n of_o custom_n in_o ireland_n all_o wine_n tobacco_n wrought_v silk_n all_o haberdashery_n ware_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o grocery_n wares_n import_v into_o ireland_n pay_v a_o great_a custom_n and_o draw_v back_o no_o part_n of_o that_o duty_n on_o exportation_n the_o law_n there_o deny_v the_o merchant_n that_o privilege_n by_o which_o clause_n england_n be_v secure_v that_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n can_v supply_v the_o plantation_n with_o any_o wine_n silk_n haberdashery_n or_o grocery_n and_o by_o another_o clause_n in_o that_o act_n the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n be_v render_v uncapable_a to_o supply_v the_o plantation_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n with_o any_o commodity_n whatsoever_o which_o be_v once_o import_v into_o that_o kingdom_n the_o clause_n be_v this_o that_o all_o foreign_a commodity_n except_o wine_n and_o tobacco_n and_o those_o of_o the_o english_a plantation_n import_v into_o ireland_n by_o a_o denizon_n from_o any_o the_o part_n or_o place_n beyond_o the_o sea_n other_o than_o england_n or_o wales_n shall_v for_o ever_o pay_v one_o three_o more_o in_o subsidy_n over_o and_o above_o the_o subsidy_n payable_a for_o the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n and_o every_o stranger_n double_a etc._n etc._n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o most_o commodity_n but_o what_o ireland_n constant_o derive_v or_o be_v supply_v with_o from_o england_n be_v value_v in_o the_o irish_a book_n of_o rate_n at_o a_o high_a value_n than_o the_o same_o commodity_n be_v value_v in_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n in_o england_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n of_o the_o commodity_n all_o foreign_a good_n pay_v almost_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n custom_n on_o importation_n into_o ireland_n except_o what_o they_o have_v from_o england_n therefore_o say_v they_o he_o that_o read_v the_o act_n for_o custom_n and_o excise_n in_o ireland_n will_v imagine_v that_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n be_v in_o the_o conspiracy_n to_o ruin_v the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n for_o though_o it_o be_v know_v that_o these_o and_o other_o severe_a clause_n in_o those_o act_n be_v add_v in_o england_n when_o the_o bill_n be_v send_v into_o england_n for_o approbation_n yet_o they_o be_v allow_v and_o pass_v into_o act_n by_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n so_o that_o upon_o the_o whole_a they_o conceive_v it_o clear_a as_o the_o light_n at_o noonday_n that_o england_n can_v furnish_v the_o plantation_n and_o all_o the_o world_n with_o asian_a african_a and_o european_a commodity_n 6_o if_o not_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n cheap_a than_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n to_o do_v it_o which_o be_v a_o full_a security_n of_o that_o trade_n to_o england_n as_o to_o the_o three_o end_n of_o those_o act_n in_o england_n that_o bar_n their_o trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n which_o be_v that_o england_n may_v be_v a_o staple_n to_o all_o the_o world_n for_o the_o plantation_n commodity_n the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n say_v this_o also_o be_v infallible_o assure_v to_o england_n though_o liberty_n shall_v be_v allow_v they_o to_o trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n as_o to_o all_o the_o world_n ireland_n only_o except_v not_o only_o for_o some_o of_o the_o reason_n give_v under_o the_o former_a head_n which_o take_v place_v likewise_o here_o but_o also_o because_o although_o plantation_n commodity_n since_o the_o additional_a duty_n be_v add_v pay_v a_o high_a duty_n on_o importation_n into_o england_n than_o they_o pay_v on_o importation_n into_o ireland_n yet_o on_o exportation_n out_o of_o ireland_n they_o leave_v much_o more_o of_o the_o duty_n behind_o than_o they_o do_v on_o exportation_n from_o england_n to_o instance_n only_o in_o two_o of_o they_o ginger_n on_o importation_n into_o ireland_n pay_v 12_o d._n per_fw-la hundred_o weight_n custom_n and_o on_o exportation_n draw_v back_o no_o part_n of_o that_o duty_n ginger_n export_v out_o of_o england_n leave_v behind_o tobacco_n which_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a of_o all_o the_o plantation_n commodity_n import_v into_o ireland_n and_o again_o export_v thence_o leave_v in_o the_o king_n hand_n one_o penny_n per_fw-la pound_n behind_o but_o export_v out_o of_o engand_fw-mi it_o leave_v but_o a_o half_a penny_n behind_o which_o be_v the_o eight_o or_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o value_n of_o that_o commodity_n so_o that_o england_n will_v certain_o remain_v a_o staple_n for_o these_o commodity_n to_o all_o the_o world_n except_o ireland_n notwithstanding_o full_a liberty_n of_o trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n shall_v be_v allow_v the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n for_o that_o the_o english_a merchant_n can_v sell_v tobacco_n 10_o or_o 12_o per_fw-la cent._n at_o least_o and_o ginger_n 〈…〉_z per_fw-la cent._n cheap_a than_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n and_o so_o likewise_o all_o other_o plantation_n commodity_n the_o second_o thing_n they_o note_v in_o those_o act_n that_o prohibit_v the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n to_o trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n but_o through_o england_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o reason_n of_o they_o which_o form_v the_o equity_n of_o they_o viz._n that_o the_o plantation_n be_v people_v with_o his_o majesty_n subject_n of_o england_n and_o that_o england_n have_v and_o do_v daily_o suffer_v great_a prejudice_n by_o transport_v great_a number_n to_o those_o plantation_n for_o the_o people_n of_o they_o to_o this_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n say_v that_o in_o fact_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o a_o full_a moiety_n or_o near_o it_o of_o all_o the_o work_a whites_n and_o many_o of_o the_o proprietor_n in_o all_o the_o caribbe_n island_n and_o at_o least_o three_o fourth_n of_o the_o whites_n on_o montserat_fw-la be_v of_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n and_o that_o if_o those_o plantation_n have_v not_o for_o many_o year_n be_v supply_v with_o people_n cherish_v and_o furnish_v with_o victual_n at_o low_a rate_n from_o ireland_n they_o have_v perish_v or_o not_o come_v to_o what_o they_o be_v for_o have_v they_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v pay_v english_a rate_n for_o food_n they_o can_v not_o have_v subsist_v so_o that_o say_v they_o if_o ireland_n have_v not_o only_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n sustain_v they_o but_o also_o be_v part_n proprietor_n and_o have_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n people_v they_o and_o be_v daily_o send_v people_n thither_o where_o they_o be_v need_v then_o ireland_n be_v within_o the_o reason_n of_o those_o act_n and_o as_o they_o conceive_v ought_v not_o to_o be_v debar_v commerce_n with_o they_o at_o least_o for_o their_o own_o product_n and_o manufacture_n which_o be_v all_o that_o they_o desire_v liberty_n for_o they_o say_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v a_o great_a severity_n be_v they_o be_v of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v treat_v as_o foreigner_n and_o be_v the_o table_n turn_v and_o their_o brethren_n of_o england_n in_o ireland_n the_o legislator_n will_v

think_v the_o law_n at_o least_o unkind_a that_o it_o seem_v hard_a that_o a_o english_a man_n because_o he_o go_v to_o inhabit_v in_o ireland_n or_o be_v send_v thither_o to_o help_v to_o secure_v that_o conquest_n to_o england_n shall_v therefore_o lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o english_a man_n and_o be_v treat_v as_o a_o foreigner_n that_o these_o restraint_n tend_v towards_o untwi_v or_o weaken_v our_o threefold_a cord_n by_o alienate_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n from_o england_n and_o seem_v rather_o to_o be_v design_v by_o france_n than_o to_o flow_v from_o the_o generous_a temper_n of_o a_o english_a parliament_n that_o the_o same_o parliament_n that_o enact_v those_o law_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o the_o advantage_n england_n reap_v by_o ireland_n and_o that_o it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n to_o cherish_v that_o that_o they_o comprehend_v ireland_n in_o the_o act_n of_o navigation_n and_o allow_v the_o people_n and_o ship_n thereof_o the_o same_o privilege_n as_o to_o the_o people_n and_o ship_n of_o england_n as_o a_o acknowledgement_n whereof_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n by_o their_o act_n of_o navigation_n grant_v all_o the_o like_a privilege_n to_o the_o people_n and_o ship_n of_o england_n as_o to_o their_o own_o that_o as_o to_o the_o virginia_n trade_n which_o bring_v great_a advantage_n to_o his_o majesty_n the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n whole_o cut_v off_o from_o that_o trade_n except_o they_o will_v drive_v it_o to_o the_o utter_a ruin_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o they_o resolve_v not_o to_o do_v for_o neither_o provision_n nor_o horse_n will_v go_v off_o at_o virginia_n nor_o be_v servant_n to_o be_v have_v to_o such_o number_n as_o to_o enable_v that_o trade_n and_o the_o export_n of_o their_o manufacture_n be_v prohibit_v so_o that_o if_o they_o will_v drive_v that_o trade_n they_o must_v do_v it_o with_o cash_n and_o turn_v all_o the_o little_a money_n they_o have_v into_o smoak_n or_o be_v at_o the_o excessive_a charge_n double_a hazard_n and_o expense_n of_o time_n to_o come_v unto_o and_o return_v through_o england_n with_o that_o as_o all_o other_o plantation_n commodity_n which_o have_v occasion_v frequent_a loss_n of_o season_n and_o of_o ship_n and_o cargo_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o duty_n to_o his_o majesty_n and_o ruin_n of_o many_o merchant_n as_o they_o make_v appear_v in_o very_a many_o deplorable_a instance_n too_o long_o to_o be_v here_o insert_v they_o say_v that_o whereas_o by_o a_o act_n of_o the_o 25._o car._n 2._o for_o better_o secure_v the_o plantation_n trade_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o if_o any_o ship_n or_o vessel_n which_o by_o law_n may_v trade_n in_o any_o of_o the_o plantation_n shall_v come_v to_o take_v on_o board_n any_o plantation_n commodity_n and_o that_o bond_n shall_v not_o be_v first_o give_v with_o sufficient_a surety_n to_o bring_v they_o to_o england_n wales_n or_o barwick_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v pay_v there_o on_o white_a sugar_n 5_o s._n per_fw-la cent._n on_o muscovado_n 8_o d._n per_fw-la cent._n on_o tobacco_n 1_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n etc._n etc._n which_o afford_v some_o ease_n to_o the_o distress_a merchant_n of_o ireland_n in_o return_v without_o be_v necessitate_v to_o come_v to_o england_n to_o enter_v yet_o that_o door_n also_o have_v be_v shut_v against_o ireland_n by_o the_o artifice_n of_o the_o arbitrary_a commissioner_n of_o the_o custom_n in_o england_n for_o contrary_a to_o the_o plain_a import_n of_o that_o law_n there_o be_v a_o ship_n of_o england_n which_o pay_v that_o duty_n in_o the_o plantation_n seize_v and_o condemn_v under_o pretence_n that_o that_o act_n be_v only_o intend_v for_o the_o trade_n between_o plantation_n and_o plantation_n although_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o the_o act_n that_o give_v countenance_n to_o that_o construction_n that_o though_o the_o manufacture_n of_o ireland_n be_v few_o and_o that_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o they_o be_v linen_n which_o interfere_n not_o with_o the_o manufacture_n of_o england_n and_o that_o the_o quantity_n export_v in_o time_n of_o free_a trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o the_o sustenance_n of_o a_o good_a number_n of_o the_o most_o necessitous_a of_o their_o people_n depend_v whole_o on_o that_o little_a and_o that_o they_o can_v subsist_v bare_o by_o air_n more_o than_o the_o people_n of_o england_n that_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o easiness_n to_o subsist_v in_o ireland_n the_o restraint_n on_o trade_n the_o difficulty_n if_o not_o impossibility_n now_o to_o grow_v rich_a by_o '_o trade_n and_o the_o cheapness_n of_o land_n merchant_n be_v incline_v to_o purchase_v rather_o than_o trade_n that_o from_o hence_o and_o the_o mean_a way_n of_o live_v of_o the_o native_n paucity_n of_o inhabitant_n little_a demand_n of_o the_o native_a commodity_n in_o foreign_a market_n the_o want_n of_o any_o peculiar_a commodity_n as_o tinn_n be_v to_o england_n etc._n etc._n it_o appear_v there_o be_v little_a reason_n why_o the_o gentry_n and_o merchant_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v so_o jealous_a as_o they_o be_v of_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n or_o the_o growth_n of_o its_o trade_n and_o less_o why_o they_o shall_v bear_v so_o hard_o on_o it_o that_o albeit_o liberty_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n to_o send_v provision_n servant_n and_o horse_n to_o the_o plantation_n yet_o provision_n and_o horse_n be_v of_o great_a stowage_n and_o small_a value_n it_o require_v two_o cargo_n of_o they_o to_o lade_v one_o ship_n home_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o the_o whole_a proceed_v shall_v in_o the_o same_o voyage_n be_v turn_v into_o commodity_n for_o return_v hence_o it_o become_v absolute_o necessary_a for_o they_o to_o carry_v some_o small_a parcel_n of_o the_o manufacture_n of_o ireland_n with_o provision_n servant_n and_o horse_n to_o enable_v a_o cargo_n for_o the_o ship_n return_v or_o to_o return_v half_a or_o one_o three_o empty_a which_o double_v the_o charge_n of_o freight_v and_o charge_v on_o the_o commodity_n return_v or_o if_o they_o will_v not_o do_v this_o they_o must_v carry_v money_n to_o england_n to_o buy_v and_o take_v in_o some_o manufacture_n there_o which_o double_v the_o hazard_n and_o charge_n and_o by_o loss_n of_o time_n and_o contrary_a wind_n occasion_n loss_n of_o season_n and_o often_o of_o ship_n and_o good_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n of_o ireland_n be_v bring_v to_o enter_v here_o in_o order_n to_o send_v they_o to_o the_o plantation_n the_o half_a duty_n on_o they_o in_o england_n be_v in_o some_o the_o whole_a in_o other_o the_o half_a of_o their_o first_o cost_n which_o how_o hard_a soever_o yet_o they_o must_v not_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v upon_o any_o easy_a term_n trade_n to_o those_o part_n though_o part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o their_o natural_a prince_n and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n people_v and_o support_v by_o themselves_o that_o since_o the_o prohibition_n of_o cattle_n to_o england_n and_o as_o a_o effect_n thereof_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n have_v in_o return_n for_o beef_n tallow_n hides_n etc._n etc._n supply_v that_o kingdom_n with_o many_o commodity_n from_o foreign_a part_n which_o before_o that_o prohibition_n be_v bring_v only_o from_o england_n and_o that_o if_o the_o restraint_n be_v continue_v on_o their_o manufacture_n to_o the_o plantation_n they_o will_v be_v necessitate_v to_o truck_v their_o manufacture_n in_o spain_n portugal_n etc._n etc._n for_o plantation_n and_o other_o commodity_n which_o they_o use_v to_o have_v from_o the_o plantation_n and_o from_o england_n where_o if_o once_o their_o manufacture_n be_v bring_v into_o demand_n the_o prejudice_n to_o england_n will_v be_v a_o thousand_o time_n great_a than_o can_v arise_v from_o their_o carry_v small_a quantity_n of_o they_o to_o the_o plantation_n that_o the_o condition_n of_o ireland_n in_o the_o forementioned_a respect_n be_v very_o deplorable_a for_o notwithstanding_o the_o english_a there_o be_v liable_a annual_o to_o england_n for_o those_o vast_a sum_n before_o mention_v yet_o they_o be_v prohibit_v to_o send_v their_o sheep_n cattle_n beef_n pork_n or_o butter_n the_o product_n of_o their_o land_n hither_o nor_o can_v they_o send_v their_o manufacture_n the_o only_a employment_n of_o their_o people_n hither_o nor_o to_o any_o of_o the_o plantation_n no_o not_o so_o much_o as_o clothes_n for_o their_o servant_n if_o they_o send_v servant_n they_o must_v not_o send_v clothes_n with_o they_o for_o one_o year_n nor_o so_o much_o as_o handsome_o to_o recommend_v they_o to_o a_o market_n nor_o brandy_n sufficient_a for_o their_o voyage_n lest_o any_o shall_v be_v leave_v at_o their_o arrival_n if_o they_o send_v horse_n they_o must_v not_o send_v a_o new_a bridle_n if_o they_o

ireland_n grant_v this_o king_n 1700_o mark_n at_o several_a time_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o war_n the_o english_a in_o ireland_n be_v waste_v with_o the_o supply_v they_o have_v yield_v to_o england_n against_o scotland_n wales_n and_o france_n and_o the_o frequent_a rebellion_n there_o the_o parliament_n there_o represent_v the_o ill_a condition_n thereof_o in_o 1442_o to_o hen._n vi_o and_o that_o by_o reason_n thereof_o the_o public_a revenue_n be_v 1456_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la less_o than_o the_o necessary_a charge_n the_o cardinal_n of_o winchester_n the_o better_a to_o engross_v the_o king_n and_o that_o he_o may_v rule_v at_o pleasure_n cause_v richard_n duke_n of_o york_n earl_n of_o ulster_n to_o be_v send_v lord_n lieutenant_n thither_o to_o induce_v his_o acceptance_n he_o gain_v the_o king_n to_o promise_v the_o duke_n all_o the_o certain_a and_o casual_a revenue_n of_o ireland_n and_o 2666_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n for_o the_o first_o year_n to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o of_o england_n and_o 2000_o l._n sterling_a per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o seven_o year_n more_o but_o this_o be_v ill_o pay_v however_o he_o have_v several_a success_n against_o the_o rebel_n gain_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o english_a make_v good_a law_n and_o govern_v so_o worthy_o that_o out_o of_o gratitude_n and_o inclination_n to_o he_o he_o be_v assist_v in_o his_o pretension_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o kildare_n and_o several_a great_a party_n out_o of_o ireland_n as_o be_v the_o king_n by_o another_o party_n thence_o under_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n in_o the_o 34th_o and_o 38th_o year_n a_o great_a party_n thence_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o fall_v with_o he_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o wakefield_n as_o many_o from_o ireland_n do_v on_o the_o other_o side_n at_o mortimer_n cross_n these_o great_a loss_n furnish_v the_o native_n with_o opportunity_n to_o enlarge_v their_o border_n and_o straighten_v the_o english_a about_o anno_fw-la 1474._o the_o 14_o of_o edward_n iu._n the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n erect_v the_o fraternity_n of_o st._n george_n consist_v of_o thirteen_o nobleman_n who_o be_v yearly_a to_o choose_v of_o themselves_o a_o captain_n of_o the_o brotherhood_n who_o for_o his_o year_n be_v to_o command_v 120_o archer_n on_o horseback_n at_o 6_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la forty_o horseman_n at_o 5_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la forty_o page_n at_o four_o mark_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o be_v pay_v out_o of_o a_o subsidy_n of_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n lay_v on_o all_o merchandise_n import_v or_o export_v and_o these_o be_v all_o the_o stand_a force_n in_o pay_n at_o this_o time_n six_o year_n after_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n be_v lord_n lieutenant_n the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n his_o deputy_n do_v undertake_v to_o keep_v that_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n with_o eighty_o archer_n and_o twenty_o spear-man_n all_o on_o horseback_n for_o 600_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o infancy_n of_o edward_n v._o give_v his_o unnatural_a uncle_n the_o opportunity_n of_o murder_v he_o together_o with_o his_o brother_n in_o the_o tower_n who_o he_o succeed_v under_o the_o title_n of_o richard_n iii_o anno_fw-la 1483._o but_o a_o period_n be_v put_v to_o his_o tyranny_n usurpation_n and_o life_n in_o 1485._o henry_n vii_o hold_v himself_o under_o no_o obligation_n to_o do_v much_o for_o ireland_n because_o two_o walk_a spectres_n thence_o lambert_n and_o warbeck_n disquiet_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n yet_o in_o 1487._o he_o send_v over_o 500_o man_n under_o sir_n richard_n edgcomb_n some_o write_v that_o he_o carry_v no_o force_n with_o he_o and_o about_o fifty_o more_o anno_fw-la 1492._o the_o next_o year_n after_o the_o king_n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n there_o resume_v all_o the_o crown_n land_n that_o have_v be_v grant_v away_o since_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n vi._n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o send_v over_o sir_n edward_n poyn_v his_o deputy_n and_o with_o he_o 940_o men._n he_o by_o his_o policy_n rather_o than_o force_v do_v more_o service_n to_o his_o prince_n and_o good_a to_o the_o english_a there_o than_o any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n by_o gain_v that_o parliament_n to_o enact_v that_o all_o the_o public_a statute_n of_o england_n make_v before_o that_o time_n shall_v be_v in_o force_n in_o ireland_n that_o no_o parliament_n be_v hold_v there_o until_o the_o bill_n be_v first_o certify_v to_o the_o king_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n there_o and_o those_o bill_n be_v affirm_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n to_o be_v expedient_a for_o the_o land_n and_o power_n be_v give_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n to_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o many_o other_o beneficial_a statute_n he_o gain_v the_o king_n a_o tax_n of_o 26_o s._n 8_o d._n out_o of_o every_o 120_o acre_n arable_a land_n in_o lieu_n of_o purveyance_n and_o a_o resumption_n of_o all_o grant_v make_v since_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n iii_o which_o in_o anno_fw-la 1409._o be_v follow_v with_o a_o subsidy_n of_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la pound_n on_o import_v commodity_n and_o a_o subsidy_n from_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n and_o in_o anno_fw-la 1508_o he_o have_v 13_o s._n 4_o d._n grant_v he_o out_o of_o every_o 120_o acre_n arable_a land_n in_o anno_fw-la 1515._o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n grant_v henry_n viii_o a_o subsidy_n in_o anno_fw-la 1520._o the_o earl_n of_o surry_n be_v send_v lord_n lieutenant_n with_o 200_o man_n some_o say_v 900_o more_o but_o whatever_o the_o number_n be_v they_o all_o return_v for_o england_n with_o he_o the_o next_o year_n the_o soldier_n pay_v at_o this_o time_n be_v 4_o d._n per_fw-la diem_fw-la in_o 1524._o the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n undertake_v the_o government_n and_o to_o defray_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o its_o own_o revenue_n which_o he_o and_o his_o deputy_n hold_v with_o little_a interruption_n for_o near_a ten_o year_n anno_fw-la 1529._o sir_n william_n skeffington_n carry_v over_o 200_o man_n according_a to_o some_o 500_o in_o 1534._o he_o carry_v over_o 750_o to_o suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o fitz-geralds_a as_o do_v the_o lord_n grey_n 200_o more_o the_o next_o year_n who_o end_v it_o upon_o which_o 750_o of_o the_o army_n be_v disband_v this_o rebellion_n be_v say_v to_o cost_v the_o king_n above_o 20000_o l._n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o that_o rebellion_n be_v but_o 5000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o repay_v which_o or_o prevent_v the_o like_a charge_n in_o future_a the_o king_n have_v the_o first_o fruit_n than_o the_o twenty_o part_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a live_n than_o the_o first_o fruit_n of_o all_o abbey_n priory_n and_o college_n in_o that_o kingdom_n give_v he_o kildares_n estate_n of_o 893_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o many_o great_a estate_n of_o those_o concern_v in_o that_o rebellion_n be_v all_o give_v to_o the_o king_n as_o also_o all_o land_n belong_v to_o all_o abbey_n priory_n and_o college_n there_o and_o the_o estate_n of_o many_o absentee_n hitherto_o the_o war_n in_o ireland_n be_v most_o between_o the_o english_a and_o native_a irish_a on_o the_o score_n of_o civil_a interest_n but_o from_o the_o time_n of_o this_o king_n first_o divorce_n and_o kildares_n rebellion_n the_o degenerate_a english_a join_v with_o the_o irish_a and_o pretend_a religion_n for_o their_o subsequent_a rebellion_n which_o thenceforth_o become_v more_o frequent_a and_o more_o formidable_a be_v foment_v and_o abet_v sometime_o by_o the_o emperor_n sometime_o by_o france_n sometime_o by_o spain_n most_o by_o the_o pope_n especial_o from_o the_o time_n of_o the_o king_n assume_v the_o supremacy_n henceforward_o they_o have_v be_v no_o long_o loyal_a than_o whilst_o they_o have_v be_v compel_v to_o be_v so_o in_o 1539._o sir_n william_n brereton_n carry_v over_o 250_o men._n in_o 1542_o the_o parliament_n give_v henry_n viii_o the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o ireland_n all_o his_o predecessor_n have_v only_o have_v the_o title_n of_o lord_n thereof_o in_o anno_fw-la 1543._o the_o irish_a revenue_n beside_o custom_n first-fruit_n tribute_n and_o some_o other_o particular_n amount_v but_o to_o 8700_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o whole_a charge_n to_o but_o 10500_o l._n the_o chief_a governor_n upon_o all_o warlike_a expedition_n by_o a_o ancient_a usage_n in_o that_o kingdom_n do_v tax_n each_o county_n with_o a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o defray_v the_o charge_n thereof_o so_o that_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o apprehend_v that_o ireland_n at_o this_o time_n can_v be_v a_o charge_n to_o england_n the_o stand_a army_n be_v but_o 375_o horse_n and_o 150_o foot_n in_o 1544._o 700_o man_n be_v send_v from_o ireland_n into_o france_n who_o great_o damnify_v the_o french_a and_o by_o pretty_a stratagem_n contribute_v to_o the_o supply_n of_o the_o army_n with_o

both_o hinder_v their_o be_v manufacture_v and_o advance_v the_o price_n of_o they_o when_o manufacture_v that_o they_o can_v be_v afford_v so_o cheap_a at_o foreign_a market_n as_o the_o like_a manufacture_n raise_v where_o interest_n of_o money_n be_v low_a if_o here_o it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o cheapness_n of_o wool_n as_o to_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n will_v countervail_v the_o disadvantage_n of_o high_a interest_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o will_v not_o for_o 12_o pound_n of_o wool_n which_o cost_v but_o two_o shilling_n dear_a in_o england_n than_o there_o will_v make_v a_o piece_n of_o serge_n that_o may_v stand_v some_o in_o 3_o l._n some_o in_o 4_o l._n or_o two_o piece_n of_o stuff_n that_o may_v together_o stand_v in_o as_o much_o the_o price_n of_o the_o wool_n be_v so_o small_a a_o part_n of_o the_o disburse_v will_v not_o countervail_v the_o high_a interest_n on_o the_o rest_n but_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v but_o little_a manufacture_n there_o and_o not_o full_a work_n for_o tucker_n dyer_n dresser_n calendar_n hot-pressers_a etc._n etc._n there_o as_o there_o be_v here_o the_o rate_n of_o these_o there_o be_v double_a to_o what_o it_o be_v here_o and_o so_o be_v their_o oil_n die_v stuff_n and_o foreign_a material_n most_o of_o which_o they_o carry_v from_o england_n for_o which_o at_o a_o high_a value_n they_o pay_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o custom_n and_o excise_n on_o their_o importation_n it_o be_v the_o least_o skilful_a of_o our_o workman_n that_o go_v thither_o and_o even_o the_o skilful_a there_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a inaptitude_n in_o the_o people_n to_o manufacture_n though_o they_o ought_v to_o be_v content_a with_o they_o for_o their_o own_o use_n yet_o they_o can_v perfect_v they_o so_o as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o sell_v they_o as_o to_o any_o tolerable_a price_n in_o the_o same_o market_n with_o we_o a_o pregnant_a instance_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o few_o year_n since_o some_o of_o our_o merchant_n think_v to_o make_v considerable_a advantage_n by_o buy_v bay_n like_o those_o of_o colchester_n in_o ireland_n and_o give_v commission_n for_o large_a quantity_n which_o be_v buy_v up_o whereupon_o there_o be_v a_o great_a spurt_n of_o trade_n for_o that_o commodity_n for_o a_o little_a time_n but_o notwithstanding_o colchester_n bayes_n be_v the_o easy_a part_n of_o the_o woollen_a manufacture_n to_o be_v make_v imitate_v and_o perfect_v yet_o when_o those_o make_v in_o ireland_n come_v to_o be_v compare_v with_o the_o true_a colchester_n bay_n in_o spain_n they_o differ_v so_o much_o for_o the_o worse_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a the_o irish_a weaver_n lose_v their_o trade_n and_o some_o of_o they_o be_v ruin_v by_o those_o that_o be_v leave_v on_o their_o hand_n not_o be_v able_a to_o find_v a_o market_n for_o they_o here_o you_o also_o see_v one_o reason_n why_o they_o export_v most_o part_n of_o their_o commodity_n raw_a and_o unmanufactured_n 6._o a_o six_o cause_n of_o ireland_n poverty_n be_v the_o cheapness_n of_o land_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o easiness_n to_o subsist_v with_o the_o difficulty_n that_o attend_v trade_n there_o which_o make_v their_o merchant_n turn_v purchaser_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v get_v as_o much_o as_o will_v maintain_v their_o family_n whereby_o the_o stock_n in_o trade_n there_o be_v small_a for_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o though_o many_o there_o gain_v a_o livelihood_n by_o trade_n yet_o very_a few_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n have_v acquire_v considerable_a or_o competent_a estate_n for_o the_o reason_n before_o mention_v and_o because_o of_o the_o many_o clog_n that_o lie_v on_o this_o trade_n which_o will_v herein_o after_o be_v observe_v 7._o add_v to_o these_o their_o improvidence_n the_o prodigality_n and_o excess_n of_o the_o english_a there_o in_o the_o consumption_n of_o foreign_a ware_n most_o superfluity_n which_o they_o may_v well_o be_v without_o as_o fine_a cloth_n stuff_n silks-lace_n haberdashery_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o i_o have_v before_o enumerate_v which_o they_o derive_v whole_o from_o england_n as_o also_o some_o that_o they_o have_v from_o other_o country_n above_o 3000_o tun_n of_o wine_n and_o brandy_n have_v be_v import_v and_o consume_v in_o that_o kingdom_n in_o one_o year_n some_o vice_n and_o some_o virtue_n seem_v to_o adhere_v to_o the_o soil_n of_o most_o country_n however_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v change_v thus_o luxury_n and_o hospitality_n to_o most_o plentiful_a country_n and_o so_o to_o ireland_n especial_o in_o housekeep_v wherein_o they_o exceed_v we_o as_o far_o as_o we_o do_v the_o frugal_a dutch_a and_o so_o be_v no_o saviour_n by_o the_o great_a plenty_n of_o the_o country_n 8._o the_o uninteress_v and_o frequent_a change_n of_o the_o chief_a governor_n who_o be_v most_o send_v they_o from_o england_n who_o transmit_v all_o that_o they_o get_v above_o their_o necessary_a expense_n into_o england_n 9_o the_o frequency_n of_o rebellion_n in_o that_o kingdom_n which_o discourage_v and_o destroy_v all_o improvement_n occasion_v by_o the_o folly_n and_o negligence_n of_o england_n and_o the_o influence_n the_o papist_n have_v always_o have_v on_o our_o council_n so_o that_o on_o their_o reduction_n they_o have_v constant_o find_v such_o favour_n as_o to_o be_v leave_v in_o condition_n to_o renew_v their_o rebellion_n at_o pleasure_n 10._o cause_o of_o ireland_n poverty_n be_v the_o clog_n and_o restraint_n on_o their_o trade_n partly_o by_o england_n partly_o by_o their_o own_o parliament_n who_o by_o a_o perpetual_a law_n have_v incapacitate_v the_o growth_n or_o increase_n of_o their_o trade_n especial_o so_o as_o that_o it_o can_v interfere_v with_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n the_o truth_n be_v both_o parliament_n have_v be_v impose_v on_o partly_o by_o some_o commissioner_n of_o the_o custom_n here_o who_o to_o fix_v themselves_o the_o better_a in_o their_o seat_n and_o at_o once_o to_o ingratiate_v themselves_o at_o court_n and_o with_o the_o english_a merchant_n that_o deal_v to_o the_o plantation_n pretend_v they_o can_v great_o increase_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o revenue_n by_o impose_v hard_a thing_n on_o ireland_n partly_o by_o two_o set_n of_o man_n who_o design_v the_o farm_n of_o the_o custom_n and_o excise_n in_o both_o kingdom_n and_o actual_o do_v farm_n part_v of_o they_o here_o these_o by_o their_o creature_n in_o that_o parliament_n wherein_o be_v some_o pensionary_n under_o pretence_n of_o advance_v trade_n and_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n etc._n etc._n gain_v several_a act_n to_o be_v pass_v very_o disadvantageous_a to_o ireland_n and_o the_o plantation_n and_o of_o little_a or_o no_o advantage_n to_o england_n particular_o those_o that_o bar_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n from_o carry_v any_o asian_a african_a or_o european_a commodity_n to_o any_o of_o the_o plantation_n but_o provision_n servant_n and_o horse_n except_o they_o be_v bring_v into_o enter_v and_o pay_v custom_n in_o england_n and_o be_v bind_v to_o return_v hither_o with_o the_o proceed_v likewise_o as_o the_o plantation_n heavy_o complain_v of_o these_o act_n so_o do_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n i_o have_v see_v certain_a reason_n draw_v up_o in_o ireland_n against_o those_o act_n too_o many_o and_o too_o long_o to_o be_v here_o insert_v yet_o be_v they_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o present_a subject_n i_o will_v mention_v some_o of_o they_o viz._n that_o as_o ireland_n be_v the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a so_o be_v it_o the_o most_o beneficial_a acquisition_n of_o england_n not_o only_o by_o take_v off_o annual_o great_a proportion_n of_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n thereof_o but_o also_o of_o asian_a and_o african_a commodity_n two_o three_o of_o the_o importation_n of_o ireland_n be_v from_o england_n by_o employ_v considerable_a number_n of_o english_a ship_n by_o the_o yearly_a rent_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o such_o as_o live_v in_o england_n and_o of_o absentee_n transmit_v hither_o by_o the_o charge_n of_o student_n at_o the_o university_n and_o inn_n of_o court_n income_n of_o the_o post-office_n sum_v carry_v away_o by_o chief_a governor_n the_o surplusage_n of_o the_o revenue_n etc._n etc._n much_o of_o all_o which_o be_v carry_v into_o england_n in_o cash_n that_o the_o commodity_n export_v from_o ireland_n to_o england_n be_v all_o necessary_a or_o useful_a to_o england_n but_o that_o the_o commodity_n import_v thither_o from_o england_n be_v superfluous_a and_o such_o as_o ireland_n may_v or_o must_v be_v without_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n except_o there_o be_v a_o relaxation_n of_o the_o present_a severity_n put_v on_o that_o kingdom_n that_o ireland_n be_v plant_v with_o english_a or_o those_o of_o english_a extraction_n under_o the_o same_o sovereign_n under_o almost_o all_o the_o same_o law_n with_o england_n in_o some_o respect_n under_o the_o same_o legislative_a power_n for_o

do_v in_o any_o of_o these_o case_n transgress_v they_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v ruin_v by_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o ship_n of_o england_n that_o watch_v that_o trade_n as_o many_o have_v be_v they_o be_v by_o england_n prohibit_v to_o plant_v tobacco_n to_o employ_v their_o land_n at_o home_n that_o be_v lay_v waste_n all_o which_o say_v they_o render_v ireland_n and_o the_o merchant_n thereof_o fit_a object_n of_o his_o majesty_n and_o the_o parliament_n compassion_n which_o they_o hope_v will_n in_o due_a time_n be_v extend_v to_o they_o the_o hard_a circumstance_n in_o which_o they_o we_o be_v once_o understand_v by_o their_o brethren_n of_o england_n it_o be_v some_o relief_n to_o those_o that_o imagine_v themselves_o under_o pressure_n to_o be_v permit_v to_o utter_v their_o complaint_n thus_o i_o have_v out_o of_o their_o own_o mouth_n give_v you_o part_n of_o the_o anxious_a reason_n of_o the_o merchant_n of_o ireland_n about_o the_o clog_v lay_v on_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n by_o england_n whereunto_o i_o shall_v add_v one_o more_o which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o weight_n and_o importance_n of_o it_o to_o england_n i_o be_o not_o willing_a to_o omit_v and_o it_o be_v this_o that_o if_o these_o restraint_n be_v intend_v to_o compel_v they_o to_o take_v off_o more_o commodity_n from_o england_n or_o that_o they_o shall_v trade_n only_o with_o england_n they_o be_v ill_o design_v for_o that_o according_a to_o the_o state_n into_o which_o england_n have_v bring_v the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n as_o be_v before_o set_v forth_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n to_o enlarge_v their_o trade_n with_o england_n for_o shall_v they_o buy_v more_o of_o england_n than_o they_o do_v and_o have_v do_v for_o five_o year_n past_a they_o be_v by_o these_o prohibition_n render_v uncapable_a to_o pay_v for_o it_o bat_n on_o the_o contrary_a england_n have_v by_o these_o restraint_n lay_v a_o absolute_a necessity_n on_o ireland_n to_o take_v off_o less_o of_o the_o product_n and_o manufactury_n of_o england_n than_o they_o have_v former_o take_v off_o for_o when_o they_o enjoy_v liberty_n to_o carry_v their_o manufacture_n as_o well_o as_o provision_n to_o the_o plantation_n they_o usual_o bring_v the_o product_n of_o they_o into_o england_n which_o they_o truck_v for_o english_a commodity_n or_o therewith_o pay_v their_o debt_n here_o or_o if_o they_o pay_v duty_n and_o export_v they_o to_o holland_n etc._n etc._n they_o return_v the_o proceed_v of_o they_o into_o england_n and_o apply_v it_o to_o the_o use_n beforementioned_a but_o see_v england_n have_v not_o only_o shut_v but_o fast_o lock_v this_o door_n also_o against_o they_o they_o must_v now_o though_o with_o much_o regret_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n necessary_o seek_v new_a trade_n and_o supply_v themselves_o for_o future_a from_o place_n where_o they_o can_v vend_fw-mi their_o native_a product_n and_o manufacture_n whatever_o there_o be_v in_o their_o former_a reason_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o this_o last_o deserve_v due_a consideration_n as_o be_v of_o importance_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n but_o here_o i_o will_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o exercise_n of_o your_o patience_n as_o to_o that_o particular_a as_o to_o the_o clog_v lay_v on_o their_o trade_n by_o their_o own_o parliament_n they_o have_v fall_v in_o and_o be_v mention_v with_o those_o lay_v on_o they_o by_o england_n the_o most_o considerable_a be_v that_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n of_o custom_n which_o impose_v one_o three_o more_o subsidy_n on_o all_o commodity_n import_v into_o ireland_n except_o those_o import_v from_o england_n or_o the_o plantation_n this_o they_o say_v be_v add_v to_o the_o bill_n in_o england_n however_o it_o be_v pass_v by_o their_o own_o parliament_n and_o be_v in_o effect_n or_o be_v intend_v by_o those_o which_o add_v it_o as_o a_o prohibition_n of_o their_o trade_n with_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n but_o england_n another_o discouragement_n which_o they_o allege_v be_v the_o exorbitant_a fine_n in_o the_o act_n for_o excise_n in_o ireland_n as_o loss_n of_o franchise_n imprisonment_n and_o the_o barbarous_a corporal_a punishment_n to_o be_v inflict_v thereby_o etc._n etc._n which_o be_v such_o that_o merchant_n and_o slave_n in_o ireland_n be_v convertible_a term_n and_o have_v indeed_o be_v fit_a to_o have_v be_v impose_v on_o slave_n at_o algiers_n than_o on_o freeborn_a english_a men._n if_o the_o view_n i_o have_v give_v you_o of_o the_o trade_n and_o condition_n of_o ireland_n have_v not_o satisfy_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o improvement_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o have_v lessen_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n i_o presume_v the_o answer_n to_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o inquiry_n we_o be_v upon_o will_n full_o do_v it_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o query_n be_v what_o have_v be_v the_o cause_n that_o have_v occasion_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n to_o have_v abate_v or_o fall_v one_o five_o part_n or_o considerable_o since_o the_o year_n 1662._o this_o query_n suppose_v that_o land_n general_o throughout_o england_n do_v in_o 1662._o or_o thereabouts_o yield_v considerable_o more_o rend_v than_o now_o they_o do_v i_o be_v desirous_a to_o inform_v myself_o as_o to_o the_o certainty_n of_o it_o lest_o this_o unhappiness_n shall_v have_v be_v only_o particular_a to_o yourself_o and_o some_o few_o about_o you_o i_o have_v the_o curiosity_n to_o inquire_v in_o survey_n fifteen_o mile_n from_o london_n whether_o like_o abatement_n have_v happen_v there_o as_o in_o your_o part_n of_o the_o country_n and_o i_o have_v many_o instance_n give_v i_o where_o several_a parcel_n of_o land_n which_o in_o 1662._o and_o 1663._o yield_v 50_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v now_o set_v upon_o the_o rack-rent_a at_o 22_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o great_a and_o less_o quantity_n of_o land_n so_o that_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o truth_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n i_o have_v therefore_o the_o more_o studious_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n thereof_o to_o resolve_v this_o query_n to_o satisfaction_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o retrospect_n the_o condition_n of_o england_n unto_o the_o time_n when_o land_n be_v at_o a_o very_a low_a and_o mean_a value_n as_o to_o the_o rent_n of_o they_o and_o if_o we_o can_v find_v what_o it_o be_v that_o raise_v they_o to_o those_o high_a rent_n they_o yield_v about_o 1662._o it_o be_v probable_a that_o that_o will_v direct_v or_o help_v we_o to_o find_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o their_o abatement_n to_o go_v no_o further_a back_n than_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n iii_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o england_n have_v no_o manufacture_n few_o ship_n little_a or_o no_o exportation_n but_o a_o little_a leather_n beside_o wool_n and_o woolfells_a of_o which_o sometime_o 30000_o at_o other_o time_n 10000_o sack_n be_v annual_o export_v for_o custom_n of_o which_o that_o king_n receive_v 25000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la england_n neither_o have_v nor_o affect_v trade_n further_o than_o in_o our_o own_o sea_n and_o to_o the_o netherlands_o or_o not_o to_o any_o purpose_n but_o live_v whole_o or_o most_o by_o tillage_n and_o pasturage_n of_o cattle_n so_o that_o be_v destitute_a of_o manufacture_n and_o trade_n land_n yield_v less_o rend_v in_o england_n at_o that_o time_n than_o they_o do_v in_o ireland_n thirty_o four_o year_n ago_o which_o be_v soon_o after_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v depopulate_v by_o the_o rebellion_n of_o 1641._o when_o good_a land_n be_v set_v at_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o low_a rate_n of_o provision_n in_o london_n in_o this_o reign_n where_o a_o fat_a ox_n be_v sell_v for_o 6_o s._n 8_o d._n a_o fat_a sheep_n 6_o d._n five_o pigeon_n 1_o d._n a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n 2_o s._n a_o fat_a goose_n 2_o d._n the_o product_n of_o the_o field_n be_v so_o cheap_a the_o rent_n of_o land_n must_v needs_o be_v very_o low_a stow_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o this_o king_n reign_n a_o tax_n of_o 5_o l._n 16_o s._n 8_o d._n be_v lay_v on_o each_o parish_n in_o england_n that_o 112_o l._n be_v abate_v to_o suffolk_n and_o the_o like_a sum_n to_o devonshire_n because_o of-the_a extreme_a poverty_n of_o those_o county_n but_o since_o they_o have_v become_v the_o seat_n of_o several_a manufacture_n the_o case_n be_v much_o mend_v with_o they_o this_o wise_a and_o warlike_a king_n be_v as_o masculine_a in_o his_o counsel_n as_o valiant_a in_o arm_n project_v at_o once_o the_o enlarge_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o the_o enrich_n of_o they_o he_o observe_v that_o his_o english_a wool_n be_v transport_v to_o the_o netherlands_o wrought_v up_o there_o and_o part_n of_o they_o return_v in_o drapery_n etc._n etc._n with_o vast_a advantage_n

where_o give_v we_o he_o undertake_v for_o 11213_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o bear_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a during_o his_o government_n he_o obtain_v 5000_o l._n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o that_o kingdom_n towards_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n war_n which_o i_o presume_v be_v those_o with_o france_n richard_n ii_o anno_fw-la 1384._o commit_v the_o government_n of_o ireland_n to_o robert_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o duke_n of_o ireland_n during_o his_o life_n with_o power_n to_o receive_v the_o whole_a revenue_n without_o account_n and_o to_o keep_v a_o army_n of_o 1000_o archer_n and_o 500_o man_n at_o arm_n for_o two_o year_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o either_o he_o or_o his_o man_n go_v thither_o for_o the_o king_n affection_n to_o he_o be_v such_o that_o he_o will_v not_o bear_v his_o absence_n yet_o he_o continue_v lord_n lieutenant_n seven_o or_o eight_o year_n during_o which_o he_o constitute_v several_a deputy_n and_o receive_v most_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o that_o government_n to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o king_n be_v reproach_v abroad_o that_o he_o can_v neither_o rule_v england_n keep_v his_o part_n in_o france_n nor_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n he_o resolve_v to_o retrieve_v his_o reputation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o last_o to_o that_o end_n he_o take_v ship_n in_o october_n 1394_o and_o land_v at_o waterford_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 34000_o man_n but_o to_o little_a purpose_n partly_o for_o that_o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v cheat_v as_o be_v his_o predecessor_n by_o the_o feign_a submission_n of_o most_o of_o the_o irish_a prince_n and_o great_a lord_n who_o on_o his_o arrival_n humble_v themselves_o some_o of_o who_o quit_v all_o title_n to_o their_o estate_n in_o leinster_n and_o condition_v with_o their_o sword_n under_o the_o king_n pay_v to_o carve_v out_o estate_n for_o themselves_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o which_o the_o king_n be_v constrain_v to_o be_v satisfy_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o clamour_n and_o importunity_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n who_o constant_a hatred_n of_o reformation_n and_o fear_v that_o the_o enormity_n of_o their_o life_n and_o corruption_n of_o their_o doctrine_n shall_v be_v expose_v by_o the_o wickl_n fit_v cause_v they_o to_o send_v the_o bishop_n of_o york_n and_o london_n to_o hasten_v the_o king_n return_n the_o truth_n be_v they_o want_v the_o royal_a authority_n for_o persecution_n of_o the_o innocent_a and_o suppression_n of_o the_o truth_n to_o gratify_v their_o importunity_n the_o king_n return_v at_o shrovetide_n or_o easter_n follow_v have_v sufficient_a power_n but_o not_o time_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n considerable_a at_o his_o departure_n he_o leave_v roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_z his_o lord_n lieutenant_z who_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n lord_n of_o conaught_n meath_z and_o clare_n and_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v murder_v there_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v customary_a until_o near_o this_o time_n for_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n to_o pay_v annual_o 2000_o mark_n into_o the_o exchequer_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n which_o go_v a_o great_a way_n towards_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o peaceable_a time_n but_o the_o fee_n be_v much_o abate_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o revenue_n do_v so_o too_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n king_n richard_n go_v thither_o again_o in_o april_n 1398._o with_o such_o a_o army_n as_o with_o their_o necessary_n and_o follower_n take_v up_o a_o fleet_n of_o 300_o ship_n the_o irish_a general_o mollify_v he_o by_o their_o old_a method_n of_o submission_n the_o obstinate_a he_o intend_v to_o have_v subdue_v but_o the_o tiding_n that_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n afterward_o hen._n iv._o be_v land_v in_o england_n and_o claim_v the_o crown_n call_v he_o back_o so_o that_o he_o land_v in_o england_n the_o 24_o of_o june_n follow_v and_o soon_o after_o for_o his_o maladministration_n lose_v first_o his_o crown_n and_o liberty_n by_o order_n of_o parliament_n and_o then_o his_o life_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o villain_n the_o clergy_n nor_o parliament_n of_o those_o time_n have_v not_o imbibe_v the_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n or_o passive_a obedience_n or_o that_o the_o crown_n can_v not_o be_v forfeit_v by_o maladministration_n or_o that_o it_o can_v not_o for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o the_o community_n be_v transfer_v or_o that_o any_o legal_a possessor_n of_o it_o may_v disseise_v the_o subject_a of_o his_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n or_o take_v away_o and_o dispose_v their_o estate_n at_o pleasure_n you_o must_v know_v that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n ii_o his_o expedition_n into_o ireland_n until_o this_o time_n ireland_n be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n to_o the_o crown_n that_o tangier_n and_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o war_n with_o france_n be_v to_o charles_n ii_o richard_n ii_o have_v often_o and_o now_o hen._n iu._n begin_v to_o desire_v money_n from_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n for_o supply_v of_o ireland_n and_o have_v a_o subsidy_n grant_v for_o three_o year_n of_o 50_o s._n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n skin_n and_o woolfel_n from_o every_o denizen_n and_o 4_o l._n from_o every_o stranger_n also_o one_o ten_o and_o one_o fifteen_o for_o support_n of_o his_o war_n with_o scotland_n relief_n of_o calais_n and_o ireland_n but_o he_o find_v so_o much_o use_v for_o it_o in_o england_n that_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o one_o penny_n of_o it_o go_v thither_o but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v in_o war_n with_o scotland_n the_o english_a of_o ireland_n fight_v the_o scot_n in_o his_o quarrel_n at_o sea_n where_o many_o of_o the_o first_o be_v kill_v and_o drown_v in_o 1405_o they_o take_v three_o scotch_a ship_n and_o their_o commander_n and_o twice_o in_o favour_n of_o england_n invade_v scotland_n with_o good_a success_n and_o the_o same_o year_n invade_v wales_n do_v much_o harm_n to_o the_o welsh_a and_o carry_v away_o good_a booty_n this_o king_n make_v the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n for_o seven_o year_n he_o go_v thither_o in_o 1401._o and_o return_v into_o england_n in_o 1403._o his_o entertainment_n or_o salary_n be_v but_o 666_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v because_o he_o be_v the_o king_n son_n that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o so_o inconsiderable_a be_v the_o army_n that_o be_v keep_v up_o in_o ireland_n that_o it_o be_v a_o honour_n place_v on_o this_o duke_n that_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o have_v a_o army_n of_o 1500_o man_n in_o all_o ireland_n though_o many_o of_o the_o irish_a be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o so_o frugal_o be_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o kingdom_n manage_v that_o this_o duke_n be_v limit_v to_o keep_v up_o that_o army_n but_o for_o three_o year_n about_o lammas_n 1408._o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n go_v into_o ireland_n a_o second_o time_n and_o narrow_o escape_v be_v kill_v by_o some_o of_o the_o rebel_n at_o his_o arrival_n there_o he_o compel_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n to_o pay_v he_o 300_o mark_n for_o his_o maladministration_n he_o have_v a_o tallage_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n and_o return_v into_o england_n next_o march_n after_o his_o land_n in_o ireland_n whoever_o look_v into_o the_o trouble_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n will_v see_v that_o he_o can_v supply_v ireland_n neither_o with_o man_n nor_o money_n hen._n v._o be_v so_o full_o take_v up_o with_o his_o conquest_n in_o france_n that_o he_o mind_v ireland_n no_o further_a than_o to_o draw_v supply_n thence_o which_o he_o do_v anno_fw-la 1412._o under_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o in_o 1417_o the_o prior_n of_o kilmainham_n with_o 1600_o in_o mail_n with_o dart_n and_o skeyn_n all_o tall_a nimble_a man_n arrive_v at_o the_o camp_n before_o roven_n and_o joyful_o accept_v the_o most_o dangerous_a post_n wherein_o they_o so_o acquit_v themselves_o that_o our_o writer_n tell_v we_o no_o man_n be_v more_o praise_v nor_o do_v more_o harm_n to_o their_o enemy_n for_o by_o their_o agility_n of_o body_n and_o swiftness_n of_o foot_n they_o do_v more_o mischief_n the_o enemy_n than_o their_o barded_a horse_n do_v hurt_v to_o the_o nimble_a irish_a and_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o french_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o irish_a do_v overrun_v all_o the_o isle_n of_o france_n do_v innumerable_a damage_n to_o the_o french_a and_o daily_o bring_v victual_n and_o prey_v to_o the_o english_a army_n which_o so_o terrify_v the_o french_a about_o paris_n that_o they_o flee_v and_o leave_v the_o country_n desolate_a the_o parliament_n of_o

l._n for_o three_o year_n to_o the_o irish_a revenue_n he_o will_v engage_v with_o both_o to_o defray_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n maintain_v 2000_o foot_n and_o 400_o horse_n wall_n seven_o considerable_a town_n erect_v seven_o great_a bridge_n and_o build_v seven_o strong_a castle_n but_o she_o comply_v not_o therewith_o however_o in_o 1585._o in_o order_n to_o put_v that_o kingdom_n into_o a_o good_a posture_n of_o defence_n and_o of_o little_a charge_n to_o the_o queen_n the_o lord_n deputy_n appoint_v a_o gross_a survey_n to_o be_v take_v of_o the_o province_n of_o conaught_n and_o thomond_n whereby_o they_o be_v find_v to_o contain_v 8095._o plowland_n profitable_a the_o proprietor_n of_o which_o agree_v to_o pay_v the_o queen_n a_o chief_a rent_n of_o about_o 4000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o to_o find_v 1254_o foot_n and_o 264_o horse_n for_o the_o queen_n service_n within_o that_o province_n and_o 347_o foot_n and_o 108_o horse_n at_o any_o time_n for_o 40_o day_n in_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n a_o militia_n also_o be_v settle_v in_o munster_n of_o 4500_o billman_n and_o 900_o shot_n and_o the_o queen_n be_v entitle_v to_o near_o 600000_o acre_n of_o land_n by_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o desmond_n and_o his_o accomplice_n his_o particular_a rent_n be_v above_o 7000_o l._n per_fw-la anmum_fw-la she_o grant_v those_o in_o kerry_n conilagh_n and_o limerick_n together_o at_o 2_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n those_o in_o waterford_n and_o cork_n at_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la quitrent_n every_o 300_o acre_n find_v a_o horseman_n and_o every_o 200_o acre_n a_o footman_n arm_v for_o her_o service_n a_o militia_n be_v thus_o settle_v the_o queen_n in_o 1587._o remand_v 1000_o soldier_n out_o of_o ireland_n which_o she_o send_v into_o holland_n and_o that_o kingdom_n enjoy_v a_o kind_n of_o tranquillity_n for_o above_o twelve_o year_n in_o 1597._o tyrone_n and_o other_o break_v but_o into_o rebellion_n whereupon_o general_n norris_n with_o 3000_o man_n be_v send_v thither_o but_o the_o success_n of_o the_o rebel_n require_v great_a force_n so_o that_o 100_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n more_o be_v send_v thither_o three_o year_n after_o in_o 1598._o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v commit_v to_o robert_n earl_n of_o essex_n with_o power_n from_o england_n to_o increase_v the_o army_n there_o which_o be_v about_o 8000_o man_n unto_o 20000_o horse_n and_o foot_n yet_o this_o brave_a but_o unfortunate_a earl_n effect_v little_a the_o lord_n mountjoy_n succeed_v in_o that_o government_n who_o with_o 15200_o horse_n and_o foot_n that_o he_o find_v there_o and_o 2000_o man_n that_o be_v send_v he_o in_o 1601._o from_o england_n expel_v the_o spaniard_n suppress_v the_o most_o general_a and_o formidable_a rebellion_n that_o until_o then_o have_v happen_v in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o therewith_o finish_v the_o entire_a conquest_n of_o that_o kingdom_n wherein_o this_o queen_n employ_v more_o force_n and_o spend_v more_o treasure_n than_o all_o her_o progenitor_n for_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o it_o cost_v she_o eleven_o hundred_o ninety_o one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o forty_o eight_o pound_n sterling_a beside_o the_o revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n cambden_n suggest_v it_o be_v the_o ill_a choice_n of_o officer_n lenity_n and_o parsimony_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o some_o about_o she_o that_o occasion_v her_o great_a expense_n for_o that_o have_v the_o work_n be_v effectual_o set_v upon_o with_o competent_a force_n and_o treasure_n it_o may_v have_v be_v perfect_v with_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o charge_n the_o english_a in_o ireland_n at_o this_o time_n be_v general_o papist_n be_v very_o backward_o in_o grant_v supply_n against_o such_o as_o break_v out_o into_o rebellion_n for_o though_o by_o the_o vigilance_n of_o the_o government_n many_o of_o they_o be_v awe_v and_o hinder_v from_o join_v with_o those_o in_o open_a rebellion_n yet_o be_v their_o heart_n so_o much_o with_o they_o that_o they_o not_o only_o obstruct_v the_o grant_n of_o money_n to_o the_o queen_n but_o part_v with_o much_o to_o rome_n where_o they_o purchase_v pardon_n for_o not_o actual_o and_o open_o join_v with_o the_o rebel_n the_o principle_n of_o that_o religion_n teach_v they_o that_o it_o be_v sin_n not_o to_o rob_v murder_n and_o rebel_n however_o the_o chief_a governor_n and_o protestant_n party_n prevail_v so_o far_o as_o to_o gain_v their_o parliament_n in_o the_o second_o of_o the_o queen_n reign_n to_o grant_v she_o the_o first_o fruit_n and_o twenty_o part_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a live_n in_o her_o 11_o tear_v a_o subsidy_n as_o also_o a_o custom_n on_o wine_n and_o at_o several_a time_n many_o large_a scope_n of_o land_n on_o the_o attainder_n of_o archrebel_n the_o chief_a governor_n there_o indeed_o by_o ancient_a usage_n do_v on_o every_o march_n of_o the_o army_n etc._n etc._n cess_n the_o country_n discretionary_o for_o their_o support_n which_o be_v some_o help_n the_o result_n of_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o say_v be_v this_o that_o strongbow_n conquer_a most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o leinster_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n conquer_a meath_z cogan_n fitz-stephens_n bruce_n and_o poer_n the_o province_n of_o munster_n bourke_n and_o de_fw-fr claro_fw-la part_n of_o conaught_n and_o thomond_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr courcy_n conquer_a much_o of_o ulster_n that_o all_o this_o be_v do_v with_o little_a or_o inconsiderable_a charge_n to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o first_o 400_o year_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n except_v in_o those_o expedition_n of_o henry_n ii_o king_n john_n and_o richard_n ii_o the_o last_o of_o who_o only_o carry_v over_o a_o army_n capable_a of_o do_v any_o considerable_a service_n the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o there_o be_v no_o stand_a army_n keep_v in_o that_o kingdom_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o england_n except_o what_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o irish_a revenue_n that_o when_o army_n be_v raise_v they_o seldom_o exceed_v a_o regiment_n or_o two_o and_o be_v only_o keep_v up_o during_o the_o chief_a governor_n be_v upon_o service_n against_o some_o particular_a rebel_n for_o at_o his_o return_n to_o dublin_n or_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n they_o be_v usual_o disband_v that_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o civil_a list_n of_o which_o i_o have_v the_o particular_n in_o edward_n iii_o his_o time_n be_v but_o 308_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o who_o reign_n in_o a_o time_n of_o rebellion_n when_o a_o army_n be_v send_v thither_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o both_o civil_a and_o military_a list_n be_v but_o 11213_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o in_o 1442._o that_o kingdom_n be_v weaken_v drain_v and_o impoverish_v by_o the_o supply_v afford_v thence_o to_o england_n their_o parliament_n represent_v it_o to_o henry_n vi_o as_o a_o mighty_a evidence_n of_o the_o deplorable_a condition_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o the_o expense_n thereof_o in_o that_o waste_a condition_n surmount_v the_o revenue_n 1456_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o in_o edward_n iu._n his_o time_n that_o kingdom_n be_v defend_v only_o by_o the_o fraternity_n of_o st._n george_n who_o be_v whole_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n there_o that_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o that_o king_n reign_n the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n do_v undertake_v for_o 600_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o keep_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o peace_n that_o in_o 1543._o the_o stand_a army_n be_v but_o 525_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o 10500_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o certain_a revenue_n thereof_o be_v then_o 8700_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o custom_n first_o fruit_n tribute_n etc._n etc._n which_o can_v not_o but_o make_v up_o the_o revenue_n so_o as_o to_o surmount_v that_o charge_n that_o consider_v the_o numerous_a and_o frequent_a supply_n of_o man_n provision_n and_o money_n that_o our_o king_n from_o time_n to_o time_n receive_v from_o ireland_n against_o france_n scotland_n and_o wales_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v whether_o ireland_n receive_v much_o more_o from_o england_n than_o england_n receive_v from_o the_o english_a planter_n of_o ireland_n that_o for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o first_o 400_o year_n the_o revenue_n be_v great_a that_o our_o english_a landlord_n yearly_o draw_v thence_o for_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o vast_a scope_n of_o land_n that_o they_o be_v seize_v of_o in_o that_o kingdom_n that_o ireland_n be_v almost_o from_o the_o first_o conquest_n to_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n in_o a_o state_n of_o war_n be_v whole_o supply_v with_o all_o commodity_n in_o a_o way_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n whereby_o this_o kingdom_n receive_v considerable_a advantage_n that_o if_o we_o allow_v that_o the_o government_n of_o england_n have_v be_v

abundant_o thus_o persecution_n great_o impoverish_v the_o spanish_a netherlands_o and_o give_v the_o first_o blow_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o spanish_a monarchy_n and_o liberty_n enrich_v several_a part_n of_o europe_n but_o england_n especial_o the_o gospel_n spread_v the_o church_n flourish_v and_o the_o trade_n and_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n continue_v on_o the_o increase_n until_o there_o spring_v up_o a_o generation_n of_o man_n in_o the_o nation_n very_o zealous_a for_o the_o observance_n of_o form_n and_o ceremony_n not_o so_o much_o regard_v the_o necessary_a duty_n of_o religion_n as_o love_n and_o charity_n who_o too_o much_o favour_v the_o spirit_n of_o persecution_n in_o all_o age_n and_o among_o all_o party_n those_o man_n that_o have_v violent_o and_o rigid_o be_v for_o impose_v particular_a external_n modes_n and_o form_n in_o religion_n have_v lest_o advance_v the_o power_n of_o it_o and_o run_v most_o counter_a to_o the_o civil_a interest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o edward_n the_o 6_o time_n the_o worthy_a pious_a bishop_n that_o first_o depart_v from_o rome_n differ_v about_o the_o degree_n of_o distance_n they_o be_v to_o go_v off_o from_o the_o mother_n of_o abomination_n some_o of_o they_o upon_o political_a consideration_n that_o the_o change_n may_v be_v less_o sensible_a and_o in_o hope_n of_o allure_a the_o common_a people_n be_v for_o retain_v the_o less_o gross_a part_n of_o the_o ceremony_n and_o the_o most_o plausible_a passage_n of_o their_o liturgy_n canon_n and_o the_o way_n of_o order_v priest_n and_o deacon_n other_o of_o the_o bishop_n be_v for_o cast_v off_o rome_n and_o all_o her_o ceremony_n at_o once_o and_o for_o return_v to_o the_o primitive_a simplicity_n of_o worship_n institute_v and_o practise_v by_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n as_o several_a foreign_a church_n have_v do_v with_o good_a success_n but_o reason_n of_o state_n with_o a_o good_a meaning_n and_o honest_a design_n prevail_v yet_o those_o that_o be_v for_o retain_v those_o ceremony_n seem_v to_o intend_v they_o but_o for_o a_o time_n and_o only_o until_o as_o they_o say_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o commination_n against_o sinner_n etc._n etc._n that_o the_o godly_a discipline_n use_v in_o the_o primitive_a church_n can_v be_v restore_v but_o what_o these_o first_o reformer_n retain_v or_o admit_v mere_o by_o way_n of_o expedience_n judge_v the_o thing_n indifferent_a in_o their_o own_o nature_n their_o successor_n some_o time_n after_o impose_v with_o more_o rigour_n and_o strictness_n than_o the_o observance_n and_o practice_n of_o necessary_a duty_n as_o if_o they_o think_v the_o canon_n of_o the_o scripture_n incomplete_a and_o that_o christ_n and_o his_o apostle_n have_v not_o sufficient_o direct_v or_o instruct_v the_o church_n how_o to_o worship_n god_n and_o that_o the_o christian_a religion_n be_v deficient_a without_o this_o supplement_n of_o new_a institution_n archbishop_n whit_n gift_n be_v the_o first_o that_o begin_v to_o impose_v these_o about_o 1583._o by_o do_v whereof_o he_o disgust_v and_o disquiet_v the_o generality_n of_o the_o pious_a divine_n and_o communicant_o of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n at_o that_o time_n who_o disrelished_a they_o as_o unwarrantable_a and_o uncharitable_a give_v a_o check_n to_o the_o trade_n and_o a_o stop_n to_o the_o manufacturer_n who_o be_v flock_v into_o the_o kingdom_n from_o all_o part_n to_o come_v to_o the_o matter_n in_o hand_n these_o imposition_n and_o the_o severity_n afterward_o use_v by_o a._n b._n laud_n put_v the_o church_n into_o terrible_a convulsion_n and_o the_o state_n into_o a_o bloody_a civil_a war_n expel_v multitude_n of_o our_o sober_a wealthy_a people_n some_o to_o new-england_n some_o to_o germany_n some_o to_o holland_n many_o choose_v rather_o to_o live_v in_o desolate_a bowl_a wilderness_n other_o in_o strange_a land_n among_o people_n who_o language_n they_o understand_v not_o with_o liberty_n to_o serve_v god_n than_o to_o live_v in_o england_n their_o native_a country_n and_o be_v expose_v to_o hardship_n at_o home_n and_o to_o be_v fleece_v and_o stay_v by_o a_o set_v of_o tormentor_n nor_o be_v this_o all_o but_o beside_o many_o of_o our_o industrious_a manufacturer_n be_v drive_v into_o germany_n holland_n and_o other_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n insomuch_o that_o as_o be_v evidence_v to_o the_o parliament_n in_o 1643._o the_o clothier_n who_o for_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n remove_v hence_o and_o settle_v in_o holland_n make_v there_o in_o one_o year_n 36000_o piece_n of_o broadcloth_n to_o the_o unspeakable_a loss_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o hereupon_o trade_n great_o decay_v and_o the_o rent_n of_o house_n and_o land_n abate_v sensible_o and_o that_o i_o may_v help_v you_o a_o little_a to_o estimate_v the_o advantage_n the_o kingdom_n reap_v by_o these_o manufacturer_n and_o the_o great_a damage_n sustain_v by_o their_o expulsion_n i_o will_v give_v one_o instance_n of_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o people_n they_o employ_v which_o be_v most_o of_o the_o poor_a sort_n and_o another_o of_o what_o the_o kingdom_n lose_v by_o have_v those_o 36000_o piece_n of_o broadcloth_n make_v beyond_o sea_n as_o to_o the_o number_n of_o people_n employ_v in_o our_o manufacture_n take_v the_o instance_n from_o q._n elizabeth_n reign_n who_o be_v inform_v that_o in_o a_o time_n of_o dearth_n and_o scarcity_n several_a clothier_n in_o gloucestershire_n be_v fall_v to_o decay_v whereby_o the_o poor_a want_a work_n she_o require_v their_o condition_n to_o be_v report_v to_o she_o and_o i_o find_v part_n of_o the_o return_n to_o the_o effect_n follow_v viz._n that_o in_o the_o six_o hundred_o of_o berkly_a cumbalash_n thornbury_n longtree_n whitstone_n and_o bislely_n there_o inhabit_v 40_o clothier_n who_o employ_v 338_o loom_n to_o each_o of_o which_o loom_n do_v pertain_v eight_o person_n viz._n weaver_n winder_n dyer_n dresser_n warper_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v to_o 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of_o land_n be_v the_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n grant_v by_o the_o long_a or_o rump_n parliament_n and_o oliver_z from_o 1642._o to_o 1660._o or_o 62._o during_o which_o time_n all_o prosecution_n for_o nonobservance_n of_o uninstituted_a ceremony_n etc._n etc._n be_v suspend_v indeed_o never_o be_v there_o a_o more_o pregnant_a instance_n of_o the_o benefit_n which_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n and_o encouragement_n to_o manufacturer_n bring_v to_o a_o kingdom_n than_o what_o that_o short_a space_n of_o time_n furnish_v for_o notwithstanding_o civil-war_n in_o the_o bowel_n of_o these_o three_o kingdom_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o that_o time_n whereby_o multitude_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v cut_v off_o yet_o trade_n and_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n increase_v and_o advance_v even_o miraculous_o i_o deny_v not_o but_o the_o removal_n and_o take_v off_o of_o all_o monopoly_n the_o bring_v down_o interest_n of_o money_n to_o 6_o l._n per_fw-la cent_z and_o the_o act_n of_o

of_o indulgence_n suspend_v the_o execution_n of_o those_o severe_a and_o unkind_a law_n with_o which_o dissenter_n have_v be_v so_o long_o plague_v and_o which_o have_v be_v so_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o kingdom_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o repeal_v but_o seem_v to_o be_v keep_v like_o rod_n in_o pickle_n and_o the_o instrument_n of_o our_o past_a misery_n and_o which_o procure_v they_o be_v many_o of_o they_o still_o in_o be_v longing_n endeavour_v and_o daily_o threaten_v the_o repeal_n of_o that_o act_n of_o indulgence_n and_o suspension_n in_o such_o a_o state_n of_o thing_n no_o man_n of_o sense_n that_o be_v tolerable_o settle_v abroad_o will_v be_v induce_v by_o a_o liberty_n that_o be_v so_o precarious_a to_o return_v home_o especial_o when_o he_o observe_v that_o if_o he_o do_v return_v and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o stretch_v his_o conscience_n large_a than_o it_o be_v at_o his_o go_v abroad_o he_o must_v be_v content_a to_o be_v a_o slave_n in_o one_o of_o the_o free_a 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a_o bay_n what_o be_v we_o to_o apprehend_v if_o any_o occurrent_a shall_v dissolve_v the_o confederacy_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v have_v opportunity_n to_o attack_v we_o single_o in_o the_o divide_a distract_a condition_n in_o which_o we_o be_v especial_o consider_v how_o great_a a_o party_n he_o have_v already_o among_o we_o but_o his_o majesty_n interest_n and_o honour_n fall_v in_o so_o apt_o with_o that_o of_o europe_n the_o safety_n and_o prosperity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o land_a man_n it_o will_v undoubted_o put_v he_o and_o they_o upon_o remove_v these_o stone_n of_o stumble_v and_o rock_n of_o offence_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a way_n and_o that_o the_o rather_o because_o have_v not_o this_o sort_n of_o people_n in_o the_o two_o last_o reign_n to_o the_o irritation_n of_o the_o court_n against_o they_o and_o the_o ruin_n of_o many_o of_o they_o join_v with_o the_o sober_a part_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o elect_v such_o member_n for_o parliament_n as_o bold_o assert_v our_o religion_n liberty_n and_o property_n we_o have_v in_o all_o probability_n long_o before_o this_o be_v make_v slave_n to_o popery_n and_o arbitrary_a government_n and_o have_v they_o not_o fall_v in_o to_o do_v the_o like_a in_o this_o last_o revolution_n in_o elect_v member_n for_o the_o late_a convention_n or_o parliament_n the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v unsettled_a until_o this_o day_n thus_o you_o see_v the_o sure_a way_n to_o advance_v the_o rent_n of_o our_o land_n depend_v on_o the_o take_n off_o all_o restraint_n and_o give_a due_a liberty_n to_o manufacturer_n and_o allure_a they_o home_o in_o encourage_v and_o improve_n those_o advantage_n which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n peculiar_a to_o we_o in_o discourage_a and_o clog_a those_o trade_n which_o draw_v away_o our_o treasure_n in_o keep_v a_o good_a correspondence_n with_o those_o kingdom_n and_o country_n whence_o we_o derive_v material_n for_o our_o manufacture_n and_o those_o which_o take_v off_o our_o natural_a product_n manufacture_n and_o artificial_a commodity_n all_o which_o be_v thing_n worthy_a the_o consideration_n of_o the_o great_a and_o sage_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o parliament_n the_o five_o query_n how_o may_v the_o present_a rebellion_n in_o ireland_n and_o the_o reduction_n thereof_o be_v improve_v to_o the_o future_a security_n and_o increase_v of_o the_o advantage_n which_o we_o receive_v by_o ireland_n and_o of_o their_o majesty_n revenue_n future_a charge_n thereby_o to_o england_n be_v avoid_v and_o that_o kingdom_n render_v useful_a towards_o bring_v down_o the_o power_n of_o france_n it_o have_v already_o be_v demonstrate_v that_o beside_o the_o supply_n of_o man_n and_o money_n which_o ireland_n ancient_o yield_v we_o towards_o the_o conquest_n of_o france_n scotland_n and_o wales_n that_o we_o do_v annual_o before_o the_o present_a rebellion_n utter_v considerable_a quantity_n of_o our_o natural_a product_n and_o manufacture_n for_o which_o we_o have_v no_o other_o market_n into_o that_o kingdom_n that_o we_o be_v furnish_v thence_o with_o several_a necessary_a material_n for_o our_o manufacture_n and_o commodity_n for_o foreign_a trade_n which_o we_o can_v not_o have_v elsewhere_o that_o some_o of_o their_o port_n be_v of_o great_a consideration_n to_o we_o the_o want_n of_o which_o our_o merchant_n to_o their_o great_a loss_n have_v in_o this_o war_n experience_v that_o beside_o the_o profit_n which_o we_o make_v by_o ireland_n in_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o trade_n we_o do_v receive_v thence_o yearly_o above_o 200000_o l._n all_o which_o advantage_n have_v be_v much_o more_o have_v we_o not_o by_o prohibit_v their_o cattle_n and_o debar_v their_o trade_n to_o the_o plantation_n interrupt_v the_o course_n of_o commerce_n between_o the_o two_o kingdom_n compel_v they_o to_o more_o foreign_a trade_n than_o they_o be_v otherways_o dispose_v to_o seek_v however_o you_o see_v that_o what_o remain_v be_v well_o worth_a the_o secure_n and_o improve_n and_o if_o we_o be_v not_o under_o infatuation_n and_o still_o fond_a of_o our_o error_n the_o present_a conjuncture_n of_o affair_n furnish_v we_o as_o with_o the_o opportunity_n to_o rectify_v they_o so_o also_o to_o secure_v and_o improve_v they_o in_o order_n to_o which_o it_o will_v be_v necessary_a first_o that_o the_o life_n liberty_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o protestant_n in_o that_o kingdom_n be_v well_o secure_v whilst_o these_o remain_n at_o uncertainty_n both_o public_a and_o private_a affair_n will_v drive_v on_o but_o heavy_o it_o have_v be_v the_o hard_a fate_n of_o the_o protestant_n of_o ireland_n as_o have_v be_v say_v that_o the_o papist_n have_v have_v such_o favour_n in_o and_o influence_n on_o our_o council_n in_o england_n on_o the_o conclusion_n of_o every_o rebellion_n that_o they_o have_v be_v leave_v in_o a_o condition_n if_o

expectation_n from_o he_o it_o be_v as_o much_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o confederate_n that_o they_o be_v root_v out_o or_o banish_v as_o be_v the_o take_n of_o mentz_n or_o bonne_fw-fr that_o those_o prince_n be_v very_o sensible_a that_o these_o be_v they_o which_o have_v divert_v his_o majesty_n arm_n from_o their_o assistance_n the_o two_o last_o campaign_n and_o that_o they_o will_v do_v so_o for_o the_o future_a if_o their_o power_n be_v not_o break_v that_o there_o can_v therefore_o be_v the_o least_o danger_n of_o disoblige_v they_o by_o the_o banishment_n or_o extirpation_n of_o the_o aforementioned_a party_n especial_o be_v it_o be_v of_o service_n to_o they_o upon_o reason_n of_o state_n and_o be_v do_v for_o the_o quiet_a and_o security_n of_o his_o majesty_n protestant_a subject_n etc._n etc._n and_o because_o they_o be_v rebel_n incendiary_n and_o of_o party_n with_o france_n and_o not_o because_o they_o be_v papist_n in_o a_o word_n lenity_n to_o the_o irish_a who_o have_v be_v in_o arm_n be_v downright_a cruelty_n to_o the_o protestant_n of_o ireland_n and_o their_o posterity_n 2._o as_o restraint_n on_o the_o papist_n be_v necessary_a to_o the_o quiet_a of_o ireland_n and_o the_o other_o end_v propose_v so_o be_v freedom_n and_o immunity_n in_o corporation_n to_o all_o protestant_n that_o shall_v go_v to_o inhabit_v there_o with_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n to_o protestant_n of_o all_o persuasion_n that_o be_v there_o or_o that_o shall_v go_v thither_o to_o abide_v there_o be_v five_o papist_n for_o every_o protestant_n in_o that_o kingdom_n it_o be_v the_o interest_n of_o the_o latter_a in_o point_n of_o security_n to_o add_v to_o their_o number_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v if_o to_o the_o cheapness_n of_o land_n there_o be_v add_v civil_a and_o religious_a liberty_n they_o will_v together_o probable_o allure_v foreign_a protestant_n to_o transplant_v thither_o the_o protestant_n until_o about_o 1670._o keep_v the_o papist_n out_o of_o corporation_n by_o tender_v they_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n when_o they_o claim_v admittance_n but_o there_o be_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o act_n of_o settlement_n or_o explanation_n which_o impower_v the_o chief_a governor_n and_o council_n in_o ireland_n to_o make_v law_n or_o rule_n for_o regulation_n of_o corporation_n and_o that_o the_o rule_n so_o make_v shall_v be_v of_o the_o same_o force_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v enact_v by_o parliament_n etc._n etc._n under_o colour_n thereof_o some_o wellwisher_n to_o popery_n and_o arbitrary_a government_n frame_v certain_a rule_n and_o order_n which_o charles_n ii_o cause_v the_o lord_n lieutenant_n and_o council_n to_o pass_v into_o a_o act_n of_o council_n and_o to_o enjoin_v they_o on_o all_o the_o corporation_n of_o that_o kingdom_n etc._n etc._n one_o of_o which_o rule_n require_v all_o officer_n of_o corporation_n to_o take_v the_o short_a corporation_n oath_n late_o use_v in_o england_n which_o seem_v to_o have_v be_v calculate_v for_o set_v up_o arbitrary_a government_n for_o impose_v of_o which_o in_o ireland_n there_o be_v not_o until_o then_o any_o colour_n of_o law_n thereby_o all_o protestant_n who_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o for-swear_a that_o self-defence_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o those_o of_o the_o land_n allow_v they_o be_v turn_v out_o of_o office_n nor_o be_v that_o all_o but_o by_o another_o clause_n in_o those_o rule_v the_o chief_a governor_n be_v impower_v from_o time_n to_o time_n to_o dispense_v with_o such_o as_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n hereupon_o whole_a shoul_n of_o papist_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o corporation_n and_o fraternity_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o qualify_v for_o office_n and_o choose_v member_n of_o parliament_n it_o will_v therefore_o be_v needful_a that_o the_o corporation_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o condition_n they_o be_v in_o in_o 1668._o and_o that_o those_o rule_n be_v vacuate_v or_o declare_v to_o be_v void_a as_o those_o who_o think_v that_o the_o legislative_a power_n can_v be_v transfer_v conceive_v they_o to_o be_v i_o be_o tell_v that_o to_o hinder_v many_o protestant_n from_o return_v for_o discourage_a foreigner_n and_o other_o from_o go_v to_o inhabit_v the_o better_a to_o divide_v those_o already_o in_o ireland_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o improvement_n of_o it_o there_o be_v some_o of_o k._n j._n his_o creature_n who_o may_v be_v name_v and_o who_o pretend_v to_o be_v of_o another_o figure_n and_o to_o be_v well_o know_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o be_v now_o use_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o have_v the_o sacramental_a test_n impose_v on_o the_o people_n of_o that_o kingdom_n under_o pretence_n that_o it_o will_v keep_v the_o papist_n out_o of_o office_n etc._n etc._n though_o that_o be_v no_o part_n of_o their_o design_n but_o to_o encumber_v his_o majesty_n affair_n hinder_v the_o sale_n of_o the_o rebel_n estate_n or_o render_v they_o of_o little_a value_n to_o alienate_v if_o possible_a the_o heart_n of_o that_o people_n from_o their_o majesty_n by_o cause_v his_o majesty_n contrary_a to_o the_o import_n of_o his_o declaration_n to_o put_v they_o into_o a_o worse_a condition_n than_o they_o be_v in_o under_o a_o popish_a king_n these_o man_n well_o know_v that_o the_o security_n and_o improvement_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o of_o their_o majesty_n revenue_n there_o depend_v on_o its_o be_v people_v with_o protestant_n and_o that_o full_a liberty_n and_o encouragement_n to_o protestant_n of_o all_o persuasion_n be_v the_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o those_o end_n and_o that_o the_o plant_n thereof_o be_v hinder_v the_o papist_n will_v be_v keep_v in_o a_o capacity_n at_o pleasure_n to_o favour_n k._n j._n and_o the_o pretend_v p._n of_o wales_n be_v title_n to_o countenance_v a_o french_a invasion_n etc._n etc._n they_o know_v if_o it_o be_v not_o plant_v with_o protestant_n the_o revenue_n will_v never_o defray_v the_o necessary_a charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n but_o that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o continual_a and_o insupportable_a charge_n and_o drain_v to_o england_n and_o require_v great_a force_n to_o be_v keep_v up_o there_o and_o thereby_o obstruct_v at_o least_o in_o great_a measure_n the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n against_o france_n which_o be_v their_o chief_a aim_n the_o promoter_n of_o these_o design_n be_v well_o aware_a that_o the_o imposition_n of_o that_o test_n will_v send_v many_o protestant_n out_o of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o where_o it_o will_v bar_v one_o papist_n from_o office_n it_o will_v hinder_v a_o hundred_o protestant_n from_o go_v thither_o they_o know_v the_o injoin_v of_o the_o oath_n of_o supremacy_n or_o a_o express_a order_n or_o law_n for_o their_o exclusion_n will_v more_o effectual_o bar_n papist_n then_o the_o sacramental_a test_n for_o that_o many_o papist_n have_v be_v dispense_v with_o by_o their_o priest_n for_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n in_o the_o manner_n require_v and_o therefore_o it_o will_v never_o answer_v the_o end_n for_o which_o they_o pretend_v it_o though_o it_o will_v the_o other_o for_o which_o they_o intend_v it_o but_o that_o imposition_n which_o have_v prove_v so_o inconvenient_a to_o england_n will_n if_o lay_v on_o ireland_n be_v pernicious_a to_o the_o protestant_n there_o be_v a_o bone_n of_o division_n among_o they_o and_o seem_v but_o a_o ill_a requital_n for_o their_o suffering_n and_o firm_a adherence_n to_o the_o true_a interest_n of_o england_n there_o be_v about_o 1664._o one_o or_o two_o french_a minister_n who_o have_v some_o benefice_n confer_v on_o they_o and_o stipend_n allow_v by_o the_o government_n translate_v the_o common-prayer_n book_n into_o french_a and_o procure_v a_o chapel_n for_o the_o use_n of_o such_o french_a as_o will_v join_v with_o they_o in_o that_o service_n about_o sixteen_o or_o eighteen_o year_n after_o many_o of_o the_o persecute_a french_a protestant_n with_o some_o of_o their_o minister_n flee_v to_o dublin_n and_o set_v up_o the_o beginning_n of_o several_a useful_a manufacture_n and_o be_v averse_a to_o join_v in_o that_o service_n a_o certain_a charitable_a peer_n lend_v they_o his_o house_n to_o worship_n in_o where_o they_o serve_v god_n according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o french_a church_n whereupon_o their_o minister_n be_v seize_v and_o imprison_v etc._n etc._n until_o for_o obtain_v his_o liberty_n he_o consent_v to_o quit_v or_o abjure_v that_o kingdom_n sure_o the_o usage_n be_v as_o unchristian_a as_o impolitic_a towards_o those_o poor_a distress_a refugee_n who_o have_v flee_v thither_o in_o expectation_n of_o that_o liberty_n which_o be_v public_o allow_v the_o papist_n and_o which_o be_v deny_v they_o in_o their_o own_o country_n and_o it_o be_v impolitic_a for_o thereupon_o they_o abandon_v the_o place_n and_o that_o kingdom_n lose_v those_o profitable_a trade_n which_o those_o man_n