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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
england_n act_n church_n parliament_n 3,629 5 6.4769 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A43971 The art of rhetoric, with A discourse of the laws of England by Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury.; Art of rhetoric Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679. 1681 (1681) Wing H2212; ESTC R7393 151,823 382

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little_a worth_n if_o they_o tend_v not_o to_o the_o preservation_n and_o improvement_n of_o man_n life_n see_v then_o without_o humane_a law_n all_o thing_n will_v be_v common_a and_o this_o community_n a_o cause_n of_o encroachment_n envy_n slaughter_n and_o continual_a war_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o the_o same_o law_n of_o reason_n dictate_v to_o mankind_n for_o their_o own_o preservation_n a_o distribution_n of_o land_n and_o good_n that_o each_o man_n may_v know_v what_o be_v proper_a to_o he_o so_o as_o none_o other_o may_v pretend_v a_o right_a thereunto_o or_o disturb_v he_o in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o same_o this_o distribution_n be_v justice_n and_o this_o proper_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o say_v be_v one_o own_v by_o which_o you_o may_v see_v the_o great_a necessity_n there_o be_v of_o statute_n law_n for_o preservation_n of_o all_o mankind_n it_o be_v also_o a_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n that_o statute_n law_n be_v a_o necessary_a mean_n of_o the_o safety_n and_o well_o be_v of_o man_n in_o the_o present_a world_n and_o be_v to_o be_v obey_v by_o all_o subject_n as_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n ought_v to_o be_v obey_v both_o by_o king_n and_o subject_n because_o it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n ph._n all_o this_o be_v very_o rational_a but_o how_o can_v any_o law_n secure_a one_o man_n from_o another_o when_o the_o great_a part_n of_o man_n be_v so_o unreasonable_a and_o so_o partial_a to_o themselves_o as_o they_o be_v and_o the_o law_n of_o themselves_o be_v but_o a_o dead_a letter_n which_o of_o itself_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compel_v a_o man_n to_o do_v otherwise_o than_o himself_o please_v nor_o punish_v or_o hurt_v he_o when_o he_o have_v do_v a_o mischief_n la._n by_o the_o law_n i_o mean_v law_n live_v and_o arm_a for_o you_o must_v suppose_v that_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v subdue_v by_o war_n to_o a_o absolute_a submission_n of_o a_o conqueror_n it_o may_v by_o the_o same_o arm_n that_o compel_v it_o to_o submission_n be_v compel_v to_o obey_v his_o law_n also_o if_o a_o nation_n choose_v a_o man_n or_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n to_o govern_v they_o by_o law_n it_o must_v furnish_v he_o also_o with_o arm_a man_n and_o money_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o his_o office_n or_o else_o his_o law_n will_v be_v of_o no_o force_n and_o the_o nation_n remain_v as_o before_o it_o be_v in_o confusion_n it_o be_v not_o therefore_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n but_o the_o power_n of_o a_o man_n that_o have_v the_o strength_n of_o a_o nation_n that_o make_v the_o law_n effectual_a it_o be_v not_o solon_n that_o make_v athenian_a law_n though_o he_o devise_v they_o but_o the_o supreme_a court_n of_o the_o people_n nor_o the_o lawyer_n of_o rome_n that_o make_v the_o imperial_a law_n in_o justinian_n time_n but_o justinian_n himself_o ph._n we_o agree_v then_o in_o this_o that_o in_o england_n it_o be_v the_o king_n that_o make_v the_o law_n whosoever_o pen_n they_o and_o in_o this_o that_o the_o king_n can_v make_v his_o law_n effectual_a nor_o defend_v his_o people_n against_o their_o enemy_n without_o a_o power_n to_o levy_v soldier_n and_o consequent_o that_o he_o may_v lawful_o as_o oft_o as_o he_o shall_v real_o think_v it_o necessary_a to_o raise_v a_o army_n which_o in_o some_o occasion_n be_v very_o great_a i_o say_v raise_v it_o and_o money_n to_o maintain_v it_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o you_o will_v allow_v this_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n at_o least_o of_o reason_n la._n for_o my_o part_n i_o allow_v it_o but_o you_o have_v hear_v how_o in_o and_o before_o the_o late_a trouble_v the_o people_n be_v of_o another_o mind_n shall_v the_o king_n say_v they_o take_v from_o we_o what_o he_o please_v upon_o pretence_n of_o a_o necessity_n whereof_o he_o make_v himself_o the_o judge_n what_o worse_a condition_n can_v we_o be_v in_o from_o a_o enemy_n what_o can_v they_o take_v from_o we_o more_o than_o what_o they_o list_v ph._n the_o people_n reason_n ill_a they_o do_v not_o know_v in_o what_o condition_n we_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o conqueror_n when_o it_o be_v a_o shame_n to_o be_v a_o englishman_n who_o if_o he_o grumble_v at_o the_o base_a office_n he_o be_v put_v to_o by_o his_o norman_a master_n receive_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o this_o thou_o be_v but_o a_o englishman_n nor_o can_v the_o people_n nor_o any_o man_n that_o humour_n they_o in_o their_o disobedience_n produce_v any_o example_n of_o a_o king_n that_o ever_o raise_v any_o excessive_a summ_n either_o by_o himself_o or_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n but_o when_o they_o have_v great_a need_n thereof_o nor_o can_v show_v any_o reason_n that_o may_v move_v any_o of_o they_o so_o to_o do_v the_o great_a complaint_n by_o they_o make_v against_o the_o unthriftiness_n of_o their_o king_n be_v for_o the_o enrich_n now_o and_o then_o a_o favourite_n which_o to_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n be_v inconsiderable_a and_o the_o complaint_n but_o envy_n but_o in_o this_o point_n of_o raise_v soldier_n what_o be_v i_o pray_v you_o the_o statute_n law_n la._n the_o last_o statute_n concern_v it_o be_v 13_o car._n 2._o c._n 6._o by_o which_o the_o supreme_a government_n command_n and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n of_o england_n be_v deliver_v to_o be_v and_o always_o to_o have_v be_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o there_o be_v also_o in_o the_o same_o act_n a_o proviso_n that_o this_o shall_v not_o be_v construe_v for_o a_o declaration_n that_o the_o king_n may_v transport_v his_o subject_n or_o compel_v they_o to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n nor_o be_v it_o on_o the_o contrary_n declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a ph._n why_o be_v not_o that_o also_o determine_v la._n i_o can_v imagine_v cause_n enough_o for_o it_o though_o i_o may_v be_v deceive_v we_o love_v to_o have_v our_o king_n among_o we_o and_o not_o be_v govern_v by_o deputy_n either_o of_o our_o own_o or_o another_o nation_n but_o this_o i_o very_o believe_v that_o if_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n shall_v either_o invade_v we_o or_o put_v himself_o in_o it_o a_o readiness_n to_o invade_v either_o england_n ireland_n or_o scotland_n no_o parliament_n then_o sit_v and_o the_o king_n send_v english_a soldier_n thither_o the_o parliament_n will_v give_v he_o thanks_o for_o it_o the_o subject_n of_o those_o king_n who_o affect_v the_o glory_n and_o imitate_v the_o action_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v not_o always_o the_o most_o comfortable_a life_n nor_o do_v such_o king_n usual_o very_o long_o enjoy_v their_o conquest_n they_o march_z to_z and_o fro_o perpetual_o as_o upon_o a_o plank_n sustain_v only_o in_o the_o midst_n and_o when_o one_o end_n rise_v down_o go_v the_o other_o ph._n it_o be_v well_o but_o where_o soldier_n in_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n conscience_n be_v indeed_o necessary_a as_o in_o a_o insurrection_n or_o rebellion_n at_o home_n how_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n be_v preserve_v without_o a_o considerable_a army_n ready_a and_o in_o pay_v how_o shall_v money_n be_v raise_v for_o this_o army_n especial_o when_o the_o want_n of_o public_a treasure_n invit_v neighbour_n king_n to_o encroach_v and_o unruly_a subject_n to_o rebel_n la_fw-fr i_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v matter_n of_o polity_n not_o of_o law_n but_o i_o know_v that_o there_o be_v statute_n express_v whereby_o the_o king_n have_v oblige_v himself_o never_o to_o levy_v money_n upon_o his_o subject_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o parliament_n one_o of_o which_o statute_n be_v 25_o ed._n 1._o c._n 6._o in_o these_o word_n we_o have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n as_o well_o to_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o folk_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n as_o also_o earl_n baron_n and_o to_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o the_o land_n that_o for_o no_o business_n from_o henceforth_o we_o shall_v take_v such_o aid_n tax_n or_o prize_n but_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v also_o another_o statute_n of_o ed._n 1._o in_o these_o word_n no_o tax_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o levey_v by_o we_o or_o our_o heir_n in_o our_o realm_n without_o the_o good_a will_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o other_o freeman_n of_o the_o land_n which_o statute_n have_v be_v since_o that_o time_n confirm_v by_o divers_a other_o king_n and_o last_o by_o the_o king_n that_o now_o reign_v ph._n all_o this_o i_o know_v and_o be_o not_o satisfy_v i_o be_o one_o of_o the_o common_a people_n and_o one_o of_o that_o almost_o infinite_a number_n of_o man_n for_o who_o welfare_n king_n and_o other_o sovereign_n be_v by_o god_n ordain_v for_o
god_n make_v king_n for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o people_n for_o king_n how_o shall_v i_o be_v defend_v from_o the_o domineer_a of_o proud_a and_o insolent_a stranger_n that_o speak_v another_o language_n that_o scorn_v we_o that_o seek_v to_o make_v we_o slave_n or_o how_o shall_v i_o avoid_v the_o destruction_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o cruelty_n of_o faction_n in_o a_o civil_a war_n unless_o the_o king_n to_o who_o alone_o you_o say_v belong_v the_o right_a of_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o militia_n by_o which_o only_o it_o can_v be_v prevent_v have_v ready_a money_n upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o arm_n and_o pay_v as_o many_o soldier_n as_o for_o the_o present_a defence_n or_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o people_n shall_v be_v necessary_a shall_v not_o i_o and_o you_o and_o every_o man_n be_v undo_v tell_v i_o not_o of_o a_o parliament_n when_o there_o be_v no_o parliament_n sit_v or_o perhaps_o none_o in_o be_v which_o may_v often_o happen_v and_o when_o there_o be_v a_o parliament_n if_o the_o speak_n and_o lead_v man_n shall_v have_v a_o design_n to_o put_v down_o monarchy_n as_o they_o have_v in_o the_o parliament_n which_o begin_v to_o sit_v nou._n 3._o 1640._o shall_v the_o king_n who_o be_v to_o answer_v to_o god_n almighty_a for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o that_o end_n be_v entrust_v with_o the_o power_n to_o levy_v and_o dispose_v of_o the_o soldiery_n be_v disable_v to_o perform_v his_o office_n by_o virtue_n of_o these_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o you_o have_v cite_v if_o this_o be_v reason_n it_o be_v reason_n also_o that_o the_o people_n be_v abandon_v or_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o kill_v one_o another_o even_o to_o the_o last_o man_n if_o it_o be_v not_o reason_n than_o you_o have_v grant_v it_o be_v not_o law_n la._n it_o be_v true_a if_o you_o mean_v recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la but_o recta_fw-la ratio_fw-la which_o i_o grant_v to_o be_v law_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n say_v 1_o inst._n sect._n 138._o be_v a_o artificial_a perfection_n of_o reason_n get_v by_o long_a study_n observation_n and_o experience_n and_o not_o every_o man_n natural_a reason_n for_o nemo_fw-la nascitur_fw-la artifex_n this_o legal_a reason_n be_v summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o therefore_o if_o all_o the_o reason_n that_o be_v disperse_v into_o so_o many_o several_a head_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o yet_o can_v he_o not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v because_o by_o many_o succession_n of_o age_n it_o have_v be_v fine_v and_o refined_a by_o a_o infinite_a number_n of_o grave_a and_o learned_a men._n and_o this_o be_v it_o he_o call_v the_o common-law_n ph._n do_v you_o think_v this_o to_o be_v good_a doctrine_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o no_o man_n be_v bear_v with_o the_o use_n of_o reason_n yet_o all_o man_n may_v grow_v up_o to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o lawyer_n and_o when_o they_o have_v apply_v their_o reason_n to_o the_o law_n which_o be_v law_n before_o they_o study_v they_o or_o else_o it_o be_v not_o law_n they_o study_a may_v be_v as_o fit_v for_o and_o capable_a of_o judicature_n as_o sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o who_o whether_o he_o have_v more_o or_o less_o use_n of_o reason_n be_v not_o thereby_o a_o judge_n but_o because_o the_o king_n make_v he_o so_o and_o whereas_o he_o say_v that_o a_o man_n who_o shall_v have_v as_o much_o reason_n as_o be_v disperse_v in_o so_o many_o several_a head_n can_v not_o make_v such_o a_o law_n as_o this_o law_n of_o england_n be_v if_o one_o shall_v ask_v he_o who_o make_v the_o law_n of_o england_n will_v he_o say_v a_o succession_n of_o english_a lawyer_n or_o judge_n make_v it_o or_o rather_o a_o succession_n of_o king_n and_o that_o upon_o their_o own_o reason_n either_o sole_o or_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n without_o the_o judge_n or_o other_o professor_n of_o the_o law_n you_o see_v therefore_o that_o the_o king_n reason_n be_v it_o more_o or_o less_o be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la that_o summa_fw-la lex_fw-la whereof_o sir_n edw._n coke_n speak_v and_o not_o the_o reason_n learning_n or_o wisdom_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o you_o may_v see_v that_o quite_o through_o his_o institutes_n of_o law_n he_o often_o take_v occasion_n to_o magnify_v the_o learning_n of_o the_o lawyer_n who_o he_o perpetual_o term_v the_o sage_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o of_o the_o king_n council_n therefore_o unless_o you_o say_v otherwise_o i_o say_v that_o the_o king_n reason_n when_o it_o be_v public_o upon_o advice_n and_o deliberation_n declare_v be_v that_o anima_fw-la legis_fw-la and_o that_o summa_fw-la ratio_fw-la and_o that_o equity_n which_o all_o agree_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n be_v all_o that_o be_v or_o ever_o be_v law_n in_o england_n since_o it_o become_v christian_n beside_o the_o bible_n la._n be_v not_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o church_n part_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o also_o the_o imperial_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o particular_a place_n and_o the_o by-law_n of_o corporation_n and_o court_n of_o judicature_n ph._n why_o not_o for_o they_o be_v all_o constitute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o though_o the_o civil_a law_n use_v in_o the_o admiralty_n be_v at_o first_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n yet_o because_o they_o be_v in_o force_n by_o no_o other_o authority_n than_o that_o of_o the_o king_n they_o be_v now_o the_o king_n law_n and_o the_o king_n statute_n the_o same_o we_o may_v say_v of_o the_o canon_n such_o of_o they_o as_o we_o have_v retain_v make_v by_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v be_v no_o law_n nor_o of_o any_o force_n in_o england_n since_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n but_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n la._n in_o the_o say_a statute_n that_o restrain_v the_o levy_v of_o money_n without_o consent_n of_o parliament_n be_v there_o any_o thing_n you_o can_v take_v exception_n to_o ph._n no_o i_o be_o satisfy_v that_o the_o king_n that_o grant_v such_o liberty_n be_v bind_v to_o make_v they_o good_a so_o far_o as_o it_o may_v be_v do_v without_o sin_n but_o if_o a_o king_n find_v that_o by_o such_o a_o grant_v he_o be_v disable_v to_o protect_v his_o subject_n if_o he_o maintain_v his_o grant_n he_o sin_n and_o therefore_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o say_a grant_n for_o such_o grant_v as_o by_o error_n or_o false_a suggestion_n be_v get_v from_o he_o be_v as_o the_o lawyer_n do_v confess_v void_a and_o of_o no_o effect_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v recall_v also_o the_o king_n as_o be_v on_o all_o hand_n confess_v have_v the_o charge_n lie_v upon_o he_o to_o protect_v his_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n betwixt_o they_o within_o the_o kingdom_n if_o he_o do_v not_o his_o utmost_a endeavour_n to_o discharge_v himself_o thereof_o he_o commit_v a_o sin_n which_o neither_o king_n nor_o parliament_n 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i_o hereby_o lie_v any_o aspersion_n upon_o such_o grant_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o ancestor_n those_o statute_n be_v in_o themselves_o very_o good_a for_o the_o king_n and_o people_n as_o create_v some_o kind_n of_o difficulty_n or_o such_o king_n as_o for_o the_o glory_n of_o conquest_n may_v spend_v one_o part_n of_o their_o subject_n life_n and_o estate_n in_o molest_v other_o nation_n and_o leave_v the_o rest_n to_o destroy_v themselves_o at_o home_n by_o faction_n that_o which_o i_o here_o find_v fault_n with_o be_v the_o wrest_n of_o those_o and_o other_o such_o statute_n to_o a_o bind_n of_o our_o king_n from_o the_o use_n of_o their_o army_n in_o the_o necessary_a defence_n of_o themselves_o and_o their_o people_n the_o late_a long_a parliament_n that_o in_o 1648_o murder_v their_o king_n a_o king_n that_o seek_v no_o great_a glory_n upon_o earth_n but_o to_o be_v indulgent_a to_o his_o people_n and_o a_o pious_a defender_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n no_o soon_o 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whatsoever_o be_v repugnant_a to_o those_o 4_o general_a council_n for_o if_o they_o have_v i_o believe_v the_o anabaptist_n of_o which_o there_o be_v great_a plenty_n in_o those_o time_n will_v one_o time_n or_o other_o have_v be_v question_v upon_o this_o article_n of_o the_o nicene_n creed_n i_o believe_v one_o baptism_n for_o the_o remission_n of_o sin_n nor_o be_v the_o commission_n itself_o for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o register_v that_o man_n may_v in_o such_o uncertainty_n take_v heed_n and_o abstain_v for_o their_o better_a safety_n from_o speak_v of_o religion_n any_o thing_n at_o all_o but_o by_o what_o law_n be_v this_o heretic_n legat_n burn_v i_o grant_v he_o be_v a_o arian_n and_o his_o heresy_n contrary_a to_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n in_o the_o high_a point_n of_o christianity_n but_o see_v there_o be_v no_o statute-law_n to_o burn_v he_o and_o no_o penalty_n forbid_v by_o what_o law_n by_o what_o authority_n be_v he_o burn_v la._n that_o this_o legate_n be_v accuse_v of_o heresy_n be_v no_o fault_n of_o the_o high_a commissioner_n but_o when_o he_o be_v accuse_v it_o have_v be_v a_o fault_n in_o they_o not_o to_o have_v examine_v he_o or_o have_v examine_v he_o and_o find_v he_o a_o arian_n not_o to_o have_v judge_v he_o so_o or_o not_o to_o have_v certify_v he_o so_o all_o this_o they_o do_v and_o this_o be_v all_o that_o belong_v unto_o they_o they_o meddle_v not_o with_o his_o burn_a but_o leave_v he_o to_o the_o secular_a power_n to_o do_v with_o he_o what_o they_o please_v ph._n your_o justification_n of_o the_o commissioner_n be_v nothing_o to_o the_o question_n the_o question_n be_v by_o what_o law_n he_o be_v burn_v the_o spiritual-law_n give_v no_o sentence_n of_o temporal_a punishment_n and_o sir_n edw._n coke_n confess_v that_o he_o can_v not_o be_v burn_v and_o burn_v forbid_v by_o statute-law_n by_o what_o law_n then_o be_v he_o burn_v la._n by_o the_o common-law_n ph._n what_o be_v that_o it_o be_v 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measure_v only_o by_o he_o that_o have_v the_o charge_n of_o govern_v the_o people_n and_o consequent_o the_o punish_v of_o offence_n can_v be_v determine_v by_o none_o but_o by_o the_o king_n and_o that_o if_o it_o extend_v to_o life_n or_o member_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o parliament_n la._n he_o do_v not_o draw_v any_o argument_n for_o it_o from_o reason_n but_o allege_v for_o it_o this_o judgement_n execute_v upon_o legate_n and_o a_o story_n out_o of_o hollingshed_n and_o stow_n but_o i_o know_v that_o neither_o history_n nor_o precedent_n will_v pass_v with_o you_o for_o law_n and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr haeretico_fw-la comburendo_fw-la in_o the_o register_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o fitzherbert_n ground_v upon_o the_o statute_n of_o 2_o h._n 4._o cap._n 15._o and_o 2_o h._n 5._o cap._n 7._o yet_o see_v those_o statute_n be_v void_a you_o will_v say_v the_o write_v be_v also_o void_a ph._n yes_o indeed_o will_v i._o beside_o this_o i_o understand_v not_o 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so_o nor_o do_v i_o see_v any_o reason_n to_o the_o contrary_a for_o the_o subject_n whether_o they_o come_v into_o the_o family_n have_v no_o title_n at_o all_o to_o demand_v any_o part_n of_o the_o land_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o but_o security_n to_o which_o also_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o contribute_v their_o whole_a strength_n and_o if_o need_v be_v their_o whole_a fortune_n for_o it_o can_v be_v suppose_v that_o any_o one_o man_n can_v protect_v all_o the_o rest_n with_o his_o own_o single_a strength_n and_o for_o the_o practice_n it_o be_v manifest_a in_o all_o conquest_n the_o land_n of_o the_o vanquish_a be_v in_o the_o sole_a power_n of_o the_o victor_n and_o at_o his_o disposal_n do_v not_o joshua_n and_o the_o high-priest_n divide_v the_o land_n of_o canaan_n in_o such_o sort_n among_o the_o tribe_n of_o israel_n as_o they_o please_v do_v not_o the_o roman_a and_o grecian_a prince_n and_o state_n according_a to_o their_o own_o discretion_n send_v out_o the_o colony_n to_o inhabit_v such_o province_n as_o they_o have_v conquer_a be_v there_o at_o this_o day_n among_o the_o turk_n any_o inheritor_n of_o land_n beside_o the_o sultan_n and_o be_v not_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n once_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n sir_n edw._n coke_n himself_o confess_v it_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o universal_a truth_n that_o all_o conquer_a land_n present_o after_o victory_n be_v the_o land_n of_o he_o that_o conquer_a they_o la._n but_o you_o know_v that_o all_o sovereign_n be_v say_v to_o have_v a_o double_a capacity_n viz._n a_o natural_a capacity_n as_o he_o be_v a_o man_n and_o a_o a_o politic_a capacity_n as_o a_o king_n in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n i_o grant_v you_o that_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n be_v the_o proper_a and_o only_a owner_n once_o of_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n but_o not_o in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n ph._n if_o he_o have_v they_o in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n than_o they_o be_v so_o his_o own_o as_o not_o to_o dispose_v of_o any_o part_n thereof_o but_o only_o to_o the_o benefit_n of_o his_o people_n and_o that_o must_v be_v either_o by_o his_o own_o or_o by_o the_o people_n discretion_n that_o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o where_o do_v you_o find_v that_o the_o conqueror_n dispose_v of_o his_o land_n as_o he_o do_v some_o to_o englishman_n some_o to_o frenchman_n and_o some_o to_o norman_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o divers_a tenor_n as_o knight-service_n soccage_n etc._n etc._n by_o act_n of_o parliament_n or_o that_o he_o ever_o call_v a_o parliament_n to_o have_v the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o of_o england_n in_o dispose_v of_o those_o land_n he_o have_v take_v from_o they_o or_o for_o retain_v of_o such_o and_o such_o land_n in_o his_o own_o hand_n by_o the_o name_n of_o forest_n for_o his_o own_o recreation_n or_o magnificence_n you_o have_v hear_v perhaps_o that_o some_o lawyer_n or_o other_o man_n repute_v wise_a and_o good_a patriot_n have_v give_v out_o that_o all_o the_o land_n which_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v possess_v have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o people_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o shall_v therewith_o defray_v the_o charge_n of_o their_o war_n and_o pay_v the_o wage_n of_o their_o minister_n and_o that_o those_o land_n be_v gain_v by_o the_o people_n money_n for_o that_o be_v pretend_v in_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n when_o they_o take_v from_o the_o king_n his_o town_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n but_o i_o know_v you_o do_v not_o think_v that_o the_o pretence_n be_v just_a it_o can_v therefore_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o land_n which_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v away_o to_o englishman_n and_o other_o and_o which_o they_o now_o hold_v by_o his_o letter_n patent_n and_o other_o conveyance_n be_v proper_o and_o real_o his_o own_o or_o else_o the_o title_n of_o they_o that_o now_o hold_v they_o must_v be_v invalid_a la._n i_o assent_n as_o you_o have_v show_v i_o the_o begin_n of_o monarchy_n so_o let_v i_o hear_v your_o opinion_n concern_v their_o growth_n ph._n great_a monarchy_n have_v proceed_v from_o small_a family_n first_o by_o war_n wherein_o the_o victor_n not_o only_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n but_o also_o the_o number_n and_o riches_n of_o his_o subject_n as_o for_o other_o form_n of_o commonwealth_n they_o have_v be_v enlarge_v otherways_o first_o by_o a_o voluntary_a conjunction_n of_o many_o lord_n of_o family_n into_o one_o great_a aristocracy_n second_o by_o rebellion_n proceed_v first_o anarchy_n and_o from_o anarchy_n proceed_v any_o form_n that_o the_o calamity_n of_o they_o that_o live_v therein_o do_v prompt_v they_o to_o whether_o it_o be_v that_o they_o choose_v a_o hereditary_a king_n or_o a_o elective_a king_n for_o life_n or_o that_o they_o agree_v upon_o a_o council_n of_o certain_a person_n which_o be_v aristocracy_n or_o a_o council_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n to_o have_v the_o sovereign_a power_n which_o be_v democracy_n after_o the_o first_o manner_n which_o be_v by_o war_n grow_v up_o all_o the_o great_a kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n viz._n the_o egyptian_a assyrian_a persian_a and_o the_o macedonian_a monarchy_n and_o so_o do_v the_o great_a kingdom_n of_o england_n france_n and_o spain_n the_o second_o manner_n be_v the_o original_n of_o the_o venetian_a aristocracy_n by_o the_o three_o way_n which_o be_v rebellion_n grow_v up_o in_o divers_a great_a monarchy_n perpetual_o change_v from_o one_o form_n to_o another_o as_o in_o rome_n rebellion_n against_o king_n produce_v democracy_n upon_o which_o the_o senate_n usurp_v under_o sylla_n and_o the_o people_n again_o upon_o the_o senate_n under_o marius_n and_o the_o emperor_n usurp_v upon_o the_o people_n under_o caesar_n and_o his_o successor_n la._n do_v you_o think_v the_o distinction_n between_o natural_a and_o politic_a capacity_n be_v insignificant_a ph._n no_o if_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v in_o a_o assembly_n of_o man_n that_o assembly_n 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seal_v with_o any_o of_o his_o private_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n nevertheless_o his_o public_a command_n though_o they_o be_v make_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n have_v their_o original_n from_o his_o natural_a capacity_n for_o in_o the_o make_n of_o law_n which_o necessary_o require_v his_o assent_n his_o assent_n be_v natural_a also_o those_o act_n which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o king_n previous_o to_o the_o pass_v of_o they_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o england_n either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o warrant_v under_o his_o signet_n or_o privy_a seal_n be_v do_v in_o his_o natural_a capacity_n but_o when_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o seal_n of_o england_n they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v as_o do_v in_o his_o politic_a capacity_n la._n i_o think_v very_o your_o distinction_n be_v good_a for_o natural_a capacity_n and_o politic_a capacity_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o private_a and_o public_a right_n therefore_o leave_v this_o argument_n let_v we_o 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king_n of_o those_o time_n have_v not_o mean_n enough_o and_o to_o spare_v if_o god_n be_v not_o their_o enemy_n to_o defend_v their_o people_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o also_o to_o compel_v they_o to_o keep_v the_o peace_n among_o themselves_o ph._n and_o so_o have_v have_v the_o succeed_a king_n if_o they_o have_v never_o give_v their_o right_n away_o and_o their_o subject_n always_o keep_v their_o oath_n and_o promise_n in_o what_o manner_n proceed_v those_o ancient_a saxon_n and_o other_o nation_n of_o germany_n especial_o the_o northern_a part_n to_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n la._n sir_n edw._n coke_n out_o of_o divers_a saxon_a law_n gather_v and_o publish_v in_o saxon_n and_o latin_a by_o mr._n lambert_n infer_v that_o the_o saxon_a king_n for_o the_o make_n of_o their_o law_n call_v together_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o be_v use_v at_o this_o day_n in_o england_n but_o by_o those_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n publish_v by_o mr._n lambert_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n call_v together_o the_o bishop_n and_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o wise_a and_o discreet_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o make_v law_n by_o their_o advice_n ph._n i_o think_v so_o for_o there_o be_v no_o king_n in_o the_o world_n be_v of_o ripe_a year_n and_o sound_a mind_n that_o make_v any_o law_n otherwise_o for_o it_o concern_v they_o in_o their_o own_o interest_n to_o make_v such_o law_n as_o the_o people_n can_v endure_v and_o may_v keep_v they_o without_o impatience_n and_o live_v in_o strength_n and_o courage_n to_o defend_v their_o king_n and_o country_n against_o their_o potent_a neighbour_n but_o how_o be_v it_o discern_v and_o by_o who_o be_v it_o determine_v who_o be_v those_o wise_a and_o discreet_a man_n it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o know_v who_o be_v wise_a in_o our_o time_n we_o know_v well_o enough_o who_o choose_v a_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n and_o what_o town_n be_v to_o send_v burgess_n to_o the_o parliament_n therefore_o 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a_o couple_n of_o rabbit_n the_o place_n look_v so_o like_o a_o long_a coney-burrow_n and_o yet_o a_o good_a argument_n may_v be_v draw_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o townsman_n of_o every_o town_n be_v the_o elector_n of_o their_o own_o burgess_n and_o judge_n of_o their_o discretion_n and_o that_o the_o law_n whether_o they_o be_v discreet_a or_o not_o will_v suppose_v they_o to_o be_v discreet_a till_o the_o contrary_n be_v apparent_a therefore_o where_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o king_n call_v together_o the_o more_o discreet_a man_n of_o his_o realm_n it_o must_v be_v understand_v of_o such_o election_n as_o be_v now_o in_o use_n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o those_o great_a and_o general_a moots_n assemble_v by_o the_o old_a saxon_a king_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o the_o parliament_n assemble_v since_o the_o conquest_n ph._n i_o think_v your_o reason_n be_v good_a for_o i_o can_v conceive_v how_o the_o king_n or_o any_o other_o but_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o borough_n themselves_o can_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o discretion_n or_o sufficiency_n of_o those_o they_o be_v to_o send_v to_o the_o parliament_n and_o for_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o burgess-town_n since_o it_o be_v not_o mention_v in_o any_o history_n or_o certain_a record_n now_o extant_a it_o be_v free_a for_o any_o man_n to_o propound_v his_o conjecture_n you_o know_v that_o this_o land_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o saxon_n at_o several_a time_n and_o conquer_v by_o piece_n in_o several_a war_n so_o that_o there_o be_v in_o england_n many_o king_n at_o once_o and_o every_o of_o they_o have_v his_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o according_a as_o there_o be_v more_o or_o few_o wall_a town_n within_o each_o king_n dominion_n his_o parliament_n have_v the_o more_o or_o few_o burgess_n but_o when_o all_o these_o lesser_a kingdom_n be_v join_v into_o one_o then_o to_o that_o one_o parliament_n come_v burgess_n from_o all_o the_o burrough_n of_o england_n and_o this_o 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