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person_n and_o which_o if_o not_o allow_v will_v draw_v much_o worse_a consequence_n along_o with_o it_o and_o therefore_o as_o for_o the_o just_a right_n and_o liberty_n we_o contend_v for_o they_o be_v only_o such_o as_o be_v contain_v in_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n and_o be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o immemorial_n right_n and_o liberty_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o that_o first_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o safety_n of_o man_n life_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o person_n aly_a the_o security_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o civil_a property_n and_o 3_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o their_o religion_n as_o it_o be_v establish_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n all_o which_o i_o will_v reduce_v to_o these_o plain_a proposition_n 1._o that_o no_o freeman_n of_o england_n ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v or_o arrest_v contrary_a to_o law_n freeman_n without_o specify_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o commitment_n in_o the_o warrant_n or_o 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the_o kingdom_n in_o any_o case_n unless_o by_o some_o know_a law_n already_o make_v whereby_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o abjure_v it_o upon_o a_o lawful_a trial_n by_o his_o peer_n and_o conviction_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n 2._o nor_o can_v the_o king_n nor_o any_o court_n of_o justice_n condemn_v a_o man_n to_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n without_o due_a trial_n by_o his_o peer_n and_o legal_a judgement_n give_v thereupon_o and_o for_o proof_n of_o this_o i_o need_v go_v no_o far_o than_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n which_o be_v both_o but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o common-law_n of_o englandâ—_n see_v therefore_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 29._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v and_o enact_v that_o no_o freeman_n may_v be_v take_v and_o imprison_v or_o be_v disseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o his_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlaw_v or_o exile_v or_o in_o any_o manner_n destroy_v but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o be_v also_o far_o confirm_v and_o explain_v by_o these_o statute_n viz._n the_o 37_o 38_o 42._o of_o edward_n iii_o and_o 17._o of_o richard_n the_o ii_o all_o which_o be_v sum_v up_o 6._o and_o more_o particular_o declare_v against_o contrary_a to_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n in_o the_o petition_n of_o right_o exhibit_v to_o king_n charles_n the_o i._o in_o parliament_n in_o the_o thirty_o of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o the_o late_a imprisonment_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n without_o any_o cause_n show_v and_o the_o denial_n of_o habeas_fw-la corpus_fw-la be_v express_o resent_v as_o also_o put_v soldier_n and_o mariner_n to_o death_n by_o martial_a law_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o this_o petition_n be_v remarkable_a
the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n i_o have_v now_o instance_a in_o but_o in_o almost_o all_o the_o other_o kingdom_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n in_o which_o there_o be_v to_o be_v find_v many_o more_o instance_n of_o the_o deposition_n of_o their_o king_n thaâ—_n what_o be_v in_o the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n &_o this_o waâ—_n then_o very_o just_a and_o necessary_a since_o these_o kingdom_n be_v all_o elective_a and_o none_o of_o they_o hereditary_a and_o that_o the_o general_a meeting_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n be_v always_o at_o set_n and_o constant_a time_n and_o do_v not_o depend_v upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n either_o to_o call_v or_o dissolve_v they_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v and_o that_o this_o power_n be_v no_o unusual_a thing_n i_o appeal_v to_o all_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o europe_n found_v after_o the_o same_o model_n as_o we_o and_o which_o i_o mention_v at_o our_o last_o meet_v so_o that_o nothing_o 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and_o murder_v of_o the_o king_n at_o the_o last_o as_o we_o have_v see_v in_o our_o own_o time_n but_o let_v the_o constant_a practice_n have_v be_v as_o it_o will_v i_o be_o sure_a such_o resistance_n have_v be_v always_o condemn_v by_o our_o ancient_n common_a law_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a statute_n as_o i_o shall_v prove_v far_o to_o you_o by_o and_o by_o and_o therefore_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o never_o so_o constant_a practice_n of_o a_o unlawful_a thing_n can_v no_o more_o justify_v the_o do_n of_o it_o than_o that_o constant_a usage_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n for_o thief_n to_o rob_v between_o london_n and_o st._n alban_n not_o that_o i_o fore-judge_n you_o or_o refuse_v to_o hear_v any_o instance_n and_o authority_n from_o history_n or_o record_n to_o make_v good_a your_o assertion_n f._n i_o thank_v you_o for_o your_o patience_n what_o therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v that_o such_o resistance_n have_v be_v not_o only_o actual_o exercise_v by_o the_o clergy_n nobility_n and_o people_n in_o former_a age_n but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v also_o allow_v by_o our_o king_n and_o approve_v of_o by_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n in_o those_o time_n for_o lawful_a and_o the_o actor_n in_o it_o whole_o indemnify_v and_o save_v harmless_a nay_o a_o power_n give_v they_o and_o that_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o to_o resist_v he_o and_o defend_v themselves_o in_o case_n he_o break_v his_o charter_n and_o agreement_n make_v to_o and_o with_o his_o nobility_n and_o people_n or_o else_o with_o some_o foreign_a prince_n may_v appear_v from_o this_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o king_n henry_n two_o at_o the_o end_n of_o who_o reign_n hoveden_n in_o his_o annal_n poster_n give_v we_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o peace_n make_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o this_o king_n between_o he_o and_o philip_n king_n of_o france_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n where_o among_o other_o article_n you_o will_v find_v this_o for_o one_o particular_o relate_v to_o the_o baron_n of_o england_n who_o be_v also_o to_o swear_v to_o the_o peace_n in_o these_o term_n et_fw-la omnes_fw-la barones_n angliae_fw-la jurabunt_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la noluerit_fw-la have_v conditiones_n tenere_fw-la quod_fw-la ipsi_fw-la tenebunt_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la francia_fw-la &_o comite_fw-la richardo_n &_o choose_fw-la adjâ—vabunt_fw-la pro_fw-la posse_fw-la contra_fw-la regeâ—_n angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n whence_o we_o may_v without_o doubt_n conclude_v that_o the_o resistance_n of_o subject_n in_o some_o case_n against_o their_o king_n be_v then_o allow_v of_o even_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o think_v not_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o allegiance_n they_o bear_v he_o though_o it_o may_v suspend_v it_o for_o a_o time_n m._n i_o confess_v this_o instance_n will_v be_v of_o some_o weight_n be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o critical_a time_n when_o this_o peace_n be_v make_v viz._n when_o richard_n earl_n of_o 〈◊〉_d the_o king_n be_v elder_a son_n have_v rebel_v against_o his_o father_n and_o take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o have_v draw_v over_o a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o norman_a and_o pictavian_n and_o english_a baron_n to_o his_o party_n which_o when_o king_n henry_n perceive_v this_o very_a author_n you_o have_v quote_v here_o tell_v you_o quod_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la in_o arcto_fw-la positus_fw-la pacem_fw-la fecit_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la philippo_n that_o be_v be_v constrain_v to_o make_v peace_n with_o he_o so_o that_o king_n henry_n be_v in_o this_o straight_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o earl_n richard_n with_o the_o baron_n of_o his_o party_n force_a king_n henry_n to_o sign_n what_o condition_n they_o please_v for_o there_o it_o no_o such_o clause_n so_o much_o as_o mention_v for_o the_o french_a baron_n but_o make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o it_o be_v but_o a_o temporary_a relaxation_n of_o allegiance_n from_o king_n henry_n to_o his_o baron_n and_o the_o king_n may_v sure_o thus_o release_v they_o if_o he_o please_v but_o it_o be_v plain_a they_o can_v not_o have_v act_v thus_o without_o this_o condition_n have_v be_v express_o infer_v f._n well_o suppose_v king_n henry_n to_o have_v be_v never_o so_o much_o constrain_v to_o the_o make_n of_o these_o condition_n and_o that_o it_o be_v his_o own_o act_n that_o render_v it_o lawful_a it_o still_o prove_v as_o much_o as_o i_o urge_v it_o for_o viz._n that_o neither_o the_o king_n of_o france_n or_o england_n then_o think_v this_o resistance_n absolute_o unlawful_a for_o then_o the_o king_n be_v own_o act_n can_v never_o have_v dispense_v with_o it_o but_o to_o show_v you_o far_o that_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n have_v ever_o maintain_v this_o right_n of_o resistance_n even_o with_o the_o allowance_n of_o our_o king_n themselves_o and_o for_o the_o do_v
make_v they_o the_o first_o breacher_n of_o it_o whereas_o you_o may_v find_v that_o it_o be_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o whole_a convocation_n for_o many_o year_n before_o ever_o those_o divine_n or_o that_o gentleman_n begin_v to_o preach_v or_o write_v upon_o this_o subject_n nor_o be_v these_o the_o only_a man_n who_o maintain_v these_o principle_n but_o archbishop_n usher_n and_o bishop_n sanderson_n who_o i_o suppose_v you_o will_v not_o reckon_v among_o your_o flatter_a court_n bishop_n have_v as_o learned_o and_o full_o assert_v those_o doctrine_n you_o so_o much_o condemn_v as_o any_o of_o that_o party_n you_o find_v fault_n with_o and_o have_v very_o well_o prove_v all_o resistance_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n to_o be_v unlawful_a not_o only_o in_o absolute_a but_o limit_a monarchy_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o you_o may_v sufficient_o satisfy_v yourself_o if_o you_o will_v but_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o read_v the_o learned_a and_o elaborate_v treatise_n write_v by_o 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it_o may_v prove_v to_o the_o reform_a religion_n in_o this_o kingdom_n this_o king_n choice_n of_o bishop_n and_o dean_n such_o as_o he_o think_v most_o fit_a for_o his_o turn_n will_v have_v teach_v â—s_a when_o it_o have_v be_v too_o late_o m._n you_o very_o must_v mistake_v i_o sir_n if_o you_o believe_v that_o i_o urge_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o book_n to_o you_o as_o contain_v any_o ecclesiastical_a canon_n which_o i_o grant_v must_v have_v the_o royal_a assent_n but_o whether_o that_o of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n i_o very_o much_o question_n since_o the_o king_n without_o the_o parliament_n be_v head_n of_o the_o church_n and_o diverse_a canon_n make_v under_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n be_v good_a in_o law_n at_o this_o day_n though_o they_o be_v never_o confirm_v by_o parliament_n but_o i_o only_o urge_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o book_n to_o you_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o these_o doctrine_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o time_n you_o prescribe_v and_o also_o that_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n hold_v these_o doctrine_n which_o you_o so_o much_o condemn_v long_o before_o those_o court_n bishop_n or_o divine_n you_o mention_n meddle_v with_o this_o controversy_n and_o i_o suppose_v we_o may_v as_o well_o quote_v such_o a_o convocation_n book_n as_o a_o testimony_n of_o their_o sense_n upon_o these_o subject_n as_o we_o do_v the_o french_a helvetian_a or_o any_o other_o protestant_n church_n confession_n of_o faith_n draw_v up_o and_o pass_v in_o synod_n of_o their_o divine_n though_o without_o any_o confirmation_n of_o the_o civil_a power_n f._n if_o you_o urge_v this_o convocation_n book_n only_o as_o a_o testimony_n and_o not_o authority_n i_o shall_v not_o contend_v any_o further_a about_o it_o but_o then_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o that_o if_o the_o canon_n or_o decree_n of_o a_o convocation_n though_o never_o so_o much_o confirm_v by_o king_n and_o 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they_o be_v learned_o and_o elaborate_o write_v and_o though_o i_o be_o against_o rebellion_n as_o much_o as_o any_o man_n and_o do_v believe_v that_o subject_n may_v too_o often_o be_v guilty_a of_o it_o yet_o be_o i_o not_o therefore_o convince_v that_o it_o be_v absolute_o unlawful_a in_o all_o case_n whatsoever_o even_o in_o the_o most_o absolute_a and_o arbitrary_a sort_n of_o civil_a government_n for_o the_o people_n when_o violent_o and_o intolerable_o oppress_v to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o resist_v such_o unjust_a violence_n or_o to_o join_v with_o any_o foreign_a prince_n who_o will_v be_v so_o generous_a as_o to_o take_v upon_o he_o their_o deliverance_n so_o that_o though_o i_o free_o acknowledge_v that_o those_o good_a bishop_n you_o mention_v be_v very_o pious_a and_o learned_a man_n â—im_a â—hat_n i_o bear_v great_a reverence_n to_o their_o memory_n yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o i_o must_v oâ—â—_n they_o to_o be_v infallible_a or_o as_o great_a politician_n as_o they_o be_v learned_a divine_n or_o that_o they_o understand_v the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o well_o as_o they_o do_v the_o scripture_n or_o father_n and_o perhaps_o there_o may_v be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o say_v on_o their_o behalf_n than_o can_v be_v for_o divers_a other_o who_o have_v since_o wekeen_v and_o prâ—â—_n so_o much_o upon_o those_o subject_n for_o if_o you_o please_v to_o consider_v the_o time_n of_o their_o writing_n those_o treatise_n you_o will_v find_v they_o write_v about_o the_o beginning_n or_o middle_n of_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n which_o they_o suppose_v to_o be_v begâ—n_n and_o carry_v on_o contrary_a to_o all_o law_n and_o justice_n under_o the_o pretence_a authority_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n against_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o they_o think_v themselves_o oblige_v to_o write_v very_o high_a for_o the_o prerogative_n
three_o time_n yourself_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o the_o jew_n also_o have_v it_o in_o use_n among_o they_o appear_v first_o by_o the_o story_n of_o the_o poor_a woman_n the_o widow_n of_o one_o of_o the_o son_n of_o the_o prophet_n who_o complain_v to_o elisha_n in_o the_o second_o of_o king_n 4.1_o tell_v he_o that_o her_o husband_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o creditor_n be_v come_v to_o take_v she_o two_o son_n to_o be_v bondman_n and_o so_o likewise_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n our_o saviour_n in_o st._n matthew_n suppose_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n common_o practise_v in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o he_o live_v for_o in_o the_o parable_n of_o the_o king_n who_o will_v take_v account_n of_o his_o servant_n 25._o among_o who_o one_o owe_v he_o ten_o thousand_o talent_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o he_o have_v nothing_o to_o pay_v his_o lord_n command_v he_o to_o be_v sell_v and_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o all_o that_o he_o have_v and_o payment_n to_o be_v make_v 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so_o that_o you_o see_v here_o be_v the_o consent_n of_o most_o of_o the_o civilise_v nation_n in_o the_o world_n who_o sure_o in_o this_o follow_v the_o dictate_v of_o nature_n and_o reason_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o full_a and_o absolute_a propriety_n and_o dominion_n in_o and_o over_o the_o person_n of_o their_o child_n so_o that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o receive_a custom_n or_o law_n among_o most_o nation_n it_o be_v also_o from_o reason_n too_o since_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v only_o that_o which_o receive_v its_o obligation_n from_o the_o consent_n of_o many_o nation_n as_o grotius_n well_o observe_v and_o aristotle_n lay_v it_o down_o as_o one_o of_o the_o strong_a proof_n when_o all_o man_n agree_v in_o any_o thing_n and_o cicero_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o consent_n of_o most_o nation_n be_v to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o therefore_o these_o custom_n be_v to_o be_v esteem_v as_o obligatory_a among_o all_o civilise_v nation_n where_o the_o 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scarce_o be_v find_v any_o natural_a law_n which_o be_v also_o wont_a to_o be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n that_o be_v common_a to_o all_o nation_n yea_o that_o be_v often_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o law_n of_o nation_n in_o one_o country_n which_o be_v not_o so_o any_o where_o else_o as_o say_v he_o we_o shall_v show_v in_o its_o due_a place_n concern_v captivity_n and_o postluminium_fw-la and_o for_o a_o far_a confirmation_n of_o this_o i_o will_v make_v bold_a to_o read_v to_o you_o in_o english_a some_o part_n of_o what_o thâ—_n excellent_a puâ—endof_n have_v write_v upon_o this_o subject_a in_o his_o learned_a work_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la &_o gentium_fw-la 23._o lib._n 2._o cap._n 3._o which_o you_o may_v here_o read_v with_o i_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v account_v by_o many_o one_o and_o the_o same_o which_o only_o differ_v by_o a_o extrinsic_a denomination_n and_o form_n hence_o hobbs_n de_fw-fr cive_z c._n 14._o §_o 4._o 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the_o syllogism_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v the_o sole_a supreme_a or_o sovereign_a power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o be_v irresistible_a and_o that_o not_o only_o as_o to_o his_o own_o person_n but_o also_o with_o respect_n to_o all_o such_o who_o act_n by_o his_o order_n or_o commission_n though_o the_o thing_n command_v be_v in_o themselves_o illegal_a f._n i_o do_v not_o dislike_v your_o method_n though_o if_o you_o can_v never_o so_o plain_o make_v out_o to_o i_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o minor_a proposition_n yet_o it_o will_v come_v too_o late_o to_o prove_v that_o all_o resistance_n of_o supreme_a power_n be_v unlawful_a in_o all_o case_n whatever_o since_o i_o think_v you_o have_v fail_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o that_o your_o fiâ—st_a proposition_n but_o since_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o this_o second_o proposition_n in_o some_o sense_n i_o pray_v be_v as_o short_a as_o you_o can_v in_o the_o proof_n of_o it_o m._n i_o shall_v observe_v your_o desire_n and_o shall_v brief_o recite_v some_o authority_n as_o well_o ancient_a as_o modern_a as_o also_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o declare_v a_o absolute_a and_o imperial_a power_n to_o be_v sole_o in_o the_o king_n to_o begin_v with_o the_o saxon_a time_n â—ein_fw-fr first_o as_o to_o the_o title_n of_o king_n or_o emperor_n use_v promiscuous_o our_o king_n edgar_n frequent_o in_o his_o charter_n caâ—s_v himself_o albionis_fw-la &_o anglorum_fw-la baâ—ileus_n and_o the_o grecian_n esteem_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v of_o full_a as_o eminent_a a_o signification_n as_o emperor_n and_o king_n edâ—arâ—_n the_o confessor_n in_o a_o charter_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o peterburg_n style_v himself_o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la and_o his_o government_n a_o monarchy_n 64._o and_o king_n ethelred_n in_o his_o charter_n to_o canterbury_n stiles_n himself_o angligenum_n orcadarum_fw-la necnon_fw-la in_o gyrojacentium_fw-la monarcha_fw-la &_o anglorum_fw-la induperator_fw-la so_o that_o you_o hereby_o may_v see_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n long_o before_o the_o conquest_n look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o emperor_n or_o absolute_a civil_a sovereign_n so_o likewise_o after_o that_o time_n we_o find_v w._n rufus_n date_n his_o charter_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o shaftsbury_n secundo_fw-la anno_fw-la imperiâ—_n mei_fw-la and_o though_o the_o title_n of_o emperor_n have_v be_v disuse_v yet_o we_o shall_v find_v the_o substance_n of_o it_o sufficient_o challenge_v in_o that_o letter_n of_o w._n rufus_n to_o archbishop_n anselm_n tell_v he_o that_o he_o have_v all_o the_o liberty_n in_o his_o kingdom_n which_o the_o emperor_n 2d_o challenge_v in_o the_o empire_n and_o the_o like_a be_v challenge_v by_o henry_n the_o first_o in_o all_o his_o dispute_n with_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o investiture_n of_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n
and_o in_o all_o the_o statute_n of_o praemunire_n make_v by_o edward_n the_o three_o the_o king_n sovereignty_n independent_a from_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n be_v express_o assert_v and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 16_o of_o richard_n the_o second_o express_o declare_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o free_a that_o it_o be_v under_o no_o earthly_a subjection_n but_o immediate_o subject_a to_o god_n in_o all_o thing_n touch_v the_o regality_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o no_o other_o and_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 24_o and_o 25_o of_o henry_n the_o eight_o express_o declare_v that_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v a_o empire_n govern_v by_o one_o supreme_a head_n and_o king_n and_o the_o crown_n or_o royal_a authority_n be_v also_o thereby_o declare_v imperial_a and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v therein_o stiâ—ed_v king_n or_o emperor_n of_o this_o realm_n so_o that_o i_o think_v no_o man_n needs_o to_o doubt_v where_o the_o supreme_a or_o sovereign_a power_n of_o this_o kingdom_n reside_v f._n i_o will_v not_o deny_v any_o of_o those_o authority_n you_o have_v now_o make_v use_n of_o since_o title_n alone_o be_v no_o proof_n of_o power_n for_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o the_o german_a emperor_n yet_o notwithstanding_o that_o great_a title_n be_v not_o therefore_o vnaccountable_a or_o irresistible_a since_o the_o college_n of_o the_o prince_n elector_n may_v depose_v he_o for_o maladministration_n or_o for_o violate_v any_o of_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o mr._n selden_n have_v very_o well_o observe_v in_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n that_o this_o supremacy_n or_o freedom_n from_o all_o subjection_n be_v not_o only_o challenge_v by_o our_o english_a sovereign_n but_o also_o by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n sweden_n and_o poland_n the_o former_a of_o which_o yet_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n that_o before_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n father_n he_o may_v have_v be_v depose_v for_o tyranny_n for_o misgovernment_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o king_n of_o poland_n may_v at_o this_o day_n and_o therefore_o these_o title_n may_v indeed_o prove_v a_o freedom_n from_o all_o foreign_a jurisdiction_n but_o do_v not_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n be_v endue_v with_o a_o absolute_a sovereign_a power_n within_o the_o kingdom_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o these_o example_n i_o have_v now_o give_v you_o m._n if_o you_o be_v not_o satisfy_v with_o these_o proof_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o give_v you_o other_o authority_n both_o out_o of_o ancient_n and_o modern_a lawyer_n as_o also_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o sufficient_o declare_v where_o the_o supreme_a or_o sovereign_a power_n reside_v in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o suppose_v you_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v the_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n to_o coâ—â—_n money_n dispose_v of_o all_o office_n and_o create_v new_a dignity_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a as_o also_o to_o make_v war_n and_o peace_n to_o make_v law_n and_o in_o short_a to_o do_v all_o thing_n whatsoever_o that_o be_v essential_a to_o a_o monarch_n and_o that_o he_o alone_o be_v the_o sole_a sovereign_a power_n in_o this_o kingdom_n exclusive_a of_o all_o other_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n glaâ—vil_n and_o fortescue_n plain_o declare_v the_o former_a of_o which_o 10._o say_v thus_o rex_fw-la nullum_fw-la labour_n potest_fw-la parem_fw-la multò_fw-la minùs_fw-la superiorem_fw-la the_o same_o thing_n be_v also_o repeat_v by_o bracton_n and_o a_o very_a good_a reason_n give_v for_o it_o in_o these_o word_n 9_o omnis_fw-la quidem_fw-la sub_fw-la eo_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la sub_fw-la nullo_n nisi_fw-la tantum_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la habet_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la svo_fw-la quia_fw-la sic_fw-la amitteret_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la command_v cum_fw-la par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la non_fw-la â—abeâ—_n imperium_fw-la item_n nâ—c_fw-la multò_fw-la fortius_fw-la superiorem_fw-la nec_fw-la potentiorem_fw-la habere_fw-la debeâ—_n quia_fw-la sic_fw-la esset_fw-la inferior_a sibi_fw-la subjectis_fw-la &_o inferiores_fw-la pares_fw-la esse_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la potentioribus_fw-la f._n but_o pray_v read_v what_o immediate_o follow_v ipse_fw-la autem_fw-la rex_fw-la non_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la sub_fw-la bomine_fw-la sed_fw-la sub_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la lâ—ge_a quia_fw-la lex_fw-la facit_fw-la regem_fw-la attribuat_fw-la igitur_fw-la rex_fw-la legi_fw-la quod_fw-la lex_fw-la attribuit_fw-la ei_fw-la viz._n dominatiorem_fw-la &_o potestatem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la enim_fw-la rex_fw-la ubi_fw-la dominatur_fw-la voluntas_fw-la &_o â—on_v lex_n and_o though_o i_o grant_v the_o king_n be_v subject_a or_o inferior_a to_o no_o particular_a private_a man_n yet_o that_o he_o have_v a_o superior_a or_o master_n within_o the_o kingdom_n beside_o god_n and_o the_o law_n and_o so_o be_v not_o the_o sole_a supreme_a power_n appear_v by_o a_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n 16._o in_o the_o second_o book_n rex_fw-la habet_fw-la superiorem_fw-la deum_fw-la item_n legem_fw-la per_fw-la quam_fw-la factus_fw-la est_fw-la rex_fw-la item_n curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la viz._n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n quia_fw-la comites_fw-la dicuntur_fw-la quasi_fw-la sociè_fw-fr regis_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la habet_fw-la socium_fw-la habet_fw-la magistrum_fw-la &_o ideo_fw-la si_fw-la rex_fw-la fuerit_fw-la sinâ—_n froena_fw-la i._n e._n lego_n debent_fw-la ei_fw-la froenum_fw-la ponere_fw-la from_o which_o word_n it_o seem_v apparent_a to_o i_o that_o this_o author_n think_v the_o king_n be_v not_o only_o inferior_a to_o the_o law_n but_o be_v also_o to_o his_o court_n of_o parliament_n call_v here_o curia_n baronâ—â—_n who_o may_v bridle_n or_o restrain_v he_o if_o he_o transgrese_v the_o law_n which_o be_v here_o call_v the_o king_n briale_a nor_o can_v i_o conceive_v how_o this_o can_v be_v do_v without_o some_o kind_n of_o force_n or_o constraint_n if_o he_o refuse_v to_o receive_v this_o bridle_n they_o will_v lay_v upon_o he_o m._n i_o do_v not_o desire_v at_o this_o time_n to_o enter_v upon_o this_o question_n concern_v that_o power_n which_o i_o know_v some_o parliament_n have_v pretend_v too_o of_o câ—â—bing_v and_o resist_v the_o king_n by_o force_n if_o they_o suppose_v he_o invade_v the_o fundamental_a right_n and_o lâ—bâ—râ—ies_n as_o they_o call_v they_o of_o the_o nation_n and_o that_o foâ—_n two_o reason_n first_o because_o it_o be_v not_o pertinent_a to_o our_o present_a purpose_n of_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a supreme_a power_n as_o also_o because_o you_o very_o well_o know_v that_o both_o house_n do_v in_o 13_o car._n 2._o by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v the_o militia_n solemn_o renounce_v all_o coercive_a power_n over_o the_o king_n or_o any_o right_n in_o either_o or_o both_o of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o make_v offensive_a or_o defensive_a war_n against_o he_o but_o if_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n hereafter_o to_o course_n further_o on_o this_o subject_a i_o doubt_v not_o but_o to_o prove_v to_o you_o from_o divers_a other_o passage_n out_o of_o bracton_n 41._o and_o that_o old_a treatise_n call_v fleta_n that_o it_o be_v no_o political_a superiority_n in_o the_o curia_fw-la baronum_fw-la but_o only_o a_o directive_n power_n or_o moral_a superiority_n which_o they_o have_v of_o advertise_v the_o king_n of_o any_o arbitrary_a proceed_v or_o injustice_n he_o shall_v happen_v to_o do_v and_o by_o complaint_n admonition_n and_o entreat_v to_o impose_v upon_o he_o to_o amend_v the_o same_o according_a to_o his_o oath_n but_o not_o by_o coaction_n or_o constraint_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n they_o may_v be_v say_v in_o a_o moral_a way_n to_o put_v the_o bridle_n of_o the_o law_n upon_o he_o which_o may_v be_v call_v civil_a resistance_n but_o as_o for_o military_a resistance_n against_o a_o unjust_a king_n it_o be_v as_o inconsistent_a with_o our_o english_a government_n as_o with_o any_o other_o monarchy_n in_o the_o world_n but_o you_o very_o much_o mistake_v if_o you_o suppose_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v not_o supreme_a 29._o because_o he_o be_v limit_v by_o law_n which_o rea_o be_v no_o objection_n because_o a_o sovereign_n without_o any_o diminution_n to_o his_o sovereignty_n may_v be_v limit_v in_o the_o exercise_n of_o his_o sovereign_a power_n either_o by_o his_o own_o act_n or_o condescension_n or_o else_o by_o those_o of_o his_o predecessor_n under_o who_o he_o claim_v this_o be_v so_o certain_a that_o there_o be_v no_o supreme_a power_n in_o heaven_n or_o in_o earth_n which_o be_v not_o limit_v and_o confine_v in_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o thus_o the_o omnipotent_a power_n of_o god_n himself_o be_v limit_v by_o his_o own_o wisdom_n goodness_n and_o justice_n which_o be_v himself_o so_o likewise_o the_o power_n of_o all_o absolute_a unlimited_a monarch_n be_v only_o so_o comparative_o with_o respect_n to_o positive_a law_n but_o as_o for_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n which_o
voluntate_fw-la regis_fw-la teâ—â—ere_fw-la praesumptum_fw-la est_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la consilio_fw-la magistratuum_fw-la suoâ—an_fw-la rege_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la praesâ—aâ—â—e_fw-la &_o babâ—â—a_fw-la super_fw-la hoâ—_n deliberatâ—one_fw-la so_o that_o you_o see_v in_o the_o time_n when_o this_o author_n write_v the_o king_n can_v do_v no_o more_o by_o his_o prerogative_n than_o the_o law_n allow_v he_o to_o do_v and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a it_o be_v his_o will_n and_o authority_n that_o give_v vigour_n to_o the_o law_n yet_o this_o only_a as_o it_o be_v declare_v in_o parliament_n and_o in_o those_o act_n which_o have_v before_o receive_v the_o consent_n of_o his_o great_a council_n here_o call_v the_o king_n magistrate_n and_o therefore_o you_o have_v do_v what_o you_o can_v to_o confound_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n declaration_n or_o writ_n explain_v and_o enforce_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n or_o else_o interpret_n former_a act_n of_o parliament_n already_o make_v which_o be_v a_o prerogative_n often_o exercise_v by_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n in_o parliament_n which_o then_o consist_v of_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o judge_n and_o great_a officer_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o at_o large_a by_z and_o by_z and_o i_o confess_v we_o be_v much_o in_o the_o dark_a because_o our_o ancient_a parliament-roll_n be_v almost_o all_o lose_v and_o consequent_o the_o statute_n therein_o contain_v so_o that_o we_o have_v almost_o nothing_o leave_v of_o they_o but_o such_o copy_n or_o remain_n as_o be_v preserve_v by_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n in_o those_o and_o succeed_v time_n whilst_o they_o be_v still_o in_o be_v and_o therefore_o i_o think_v i_o may_v at_o present_v bold_o affirm_v that_o if_o that_o which_o you_o call_v the_o statute_n of_o ireland_n be_v not_o found_v upon_o some_o former_a statute_n not_o now_o in_o be_v it_o be_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n at_o all_o but_o only_o the_o king_n be_v write_v to_o the_o chief_a justiciar_n of_o ireland_n command_v and_o enforce_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n in_o the_o case_n of_o coparcener_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o ireland_n the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v to_o the_o explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n which_o may_v be_v no_o more_o than_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n of_o the_o sense_n of_o some_o article_n in_o that_o statute_n and_o this_o for_o its_o great_a authority_n exemplify_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n and_o so_o send_v to_o all_o the_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o often_o to_o the_o sheriff_n of_o all_o the_o county_n in_o england_n yet_o without_o alter_v that_o statute_n in_o some_o point_n as_o you_o will_v have_v it_o the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v of_o the_o statute_n of_o acon_n burnel_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o rash_o do_v to_o conclude_v that_o though_o we_o have_v not_o the_o original_a act_n and_o record_n of_o parliament_n of_o that_o time_n that_o therefore_o such_o statute_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n alone_o in_o his_o privy_a council_n so_o that_o i_o must_v still_o continue_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n with_o the_o great_a selden_n in_o this_o point_n who_o in_o his_o marâ—_n clausum_fw-la tell_v we_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n no_o answer_n be_v give_v either_o by_o the_o king_n or_o in_o the_o king_n name_n to_o any_o parliamentary_a bill_n before_o that_o bill_n whether_o it_o be_v bring_v in_o first_o by_o the_o lord_n or_o by_o the_o commons_o have_v past_o both_o house_n as_o be_v know_v to_o all_o that_o be_v verse_v in_o parliamentary_a affair_n which_o if_o it_o have_v be_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n it_o signify_v very_o little_a in_o what_o form_n the_o law_n be_v express_a whether_o in_o the_o king_n name_n only_o as_o give_v the_o last_o assent_n thereto_o or_o else_o as_o his_o concession_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o common_n petition_n as_o long_o as_o you_o grant_v that_o their_o assent_n be_v necessary_a for_o sure_a whosoever_o petition_n another_o to_o do_v a_o thing_n which_o he_o can_v impose_v upon_o he_o without_o his_o request_n must_v give_v his_o consent_n to_o the_o do_v it_o unless_o you_o can_v prove_v that_o it_o can_v be_v do_v whether_o the_o petitioner_n will_v or_o not_o and_o this_o by_o the_o way_n will_v serve_v to_o answer_v a_o objection_n which_o though_o you_o insist_v much_o upon_o it_o be_v scarce_o worth_n it_o viz._n the_o king_n answer_n to_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o petition_v of_o right_n which_o be_v indeed_o no_o grant_n or_o concession_n of_o any_o new_a right_n or_o privilege_n from_o the_o king_n to_o the_o people_n but_o only_o a_o declaration_n of_o several_a ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n which_o have_v be_v very_o much_o break_v and_o infringe_v of_o late_a and_o therefore_o the_o king_n answer_n be_v very_o proper_a soit_fw-fr droict_n faict_v comme_fw-fr est_fw-fr desire_n the_o next_o mistake_v you_o fall_v into_o proceed_v from_o your_o confound_v the_o king_n be_v extraordinary_a council_n in_o parliament_n with_o the_o king_n be_v special_a or_o privy_a council_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n make_v this_o a_o four_o estate_n by_o who_o as_o well_o as_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o law_n be_v often_o make_v whereas_o indeed_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o be_v true_a for_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o there_o be_v often_o make_v mention_n in_o our_o ancient_a statute_n or_o record_n of_o the_o king_n council_n yet_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o his_o privy_a council_n but_o of_o a_o special_a council_n with_o who_o our_o king_n be_v former_o sit_v during_o the_o time_n of_o parliament_n and_o before_o who_o and_o to_o who_o we_o find_v by_o divers_a record_n that_o both_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o do_v often_o petition_n as_o you_o yourself_o do_v true_o affirm_v but_o 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cancellarius_fw-la thesaurarius_fw-la barones_n soaccarii_fw-la justiâ—iarii_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la londin_n 9_o existente_fw-la convenirent_fw-la i_o can_v give_v you_o many_o more_o example_n of_o this_o kind_n but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o but_o two_o more_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o council_n in_o parliament_n can_v not_o be_v the_o king_n be_v ordinary_a privy_a council_n 97._o the_o first_o be_v in_o placit_fw-la parliament_n 2_o edw._n 3._o in_o a_o cause_n betwixt_o thomas_n fitz-peter_n and_o alienora_n wife_n of_o john_n de_fw-fr mowbray_n coram_fw-la rege_fw-la the_o record_n be_v long_o but_o conclude_v thus_o to_o the_o justice_n et_fw-la si_fw-la difficultas_fw-la aliqua_fw-la subfuerit_fw-la quare_fw-la praemissa_fw-la facere_fw-la non_fw-la possâ—tis_fw-la tunâ—_n placitum_fw-la illâ—â—d_fw-la usque_fw-la in_o prox._n parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la udjornetis_fw-gr ut_fw-la ibidem_fw-la â—unc_fw-la inde_fw-la fieri_fw-la valeat_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la fuerit_fw-la faciendum_fw-la by_o which_o we_o may_v very_o
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fe_n yet_o do_v i_o not_o affirm_v that_o the_o commons_o be_v not_o after_o some_o sort_n represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o their_o superior_a lord_n deim_fw-ge though_o not_o as_o commoner_n since_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o baron_n do_v then_o make_v law_n and_o give_v tax_n not_o only_o for_o themselves_o but_o their_o feudatory_a tenant_n also_o though_o of_o never_o so_o great_a estate_n and_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v then_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o only_a true_a freehold_a of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o tenant_n by_o it_o as_o the_o only_a true_a freeholder_n f._n i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o the_o falsity_n of_o this_o notion_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n pray_v tell_v i_o when_o a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n be_v call_v who_o represent_v those_o person_n who_o you_o say_v do_v not_o appear_v there_o and_o make_v general_a law_n and_o grant_v general_n tax_n for_o themselves_o and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n when_o there_o be_v occasion_n for_o i_o see_v you_o shut_v out_o the_o great_a part_n even_o of_o these_o your_o true_a freeholder_n from_o this_o assembly_n m._n as_o for_o the_o tenant_n in_o petit_n serjeanty_n i_o at_o present_a conceive_v though_o i_o be_o not_o sure_a of_o it_o that_o many_o of_o they_o may_v hold_v land_n and_o perhaps_o divers_a knight_n fee_n by_o grand_a serjeanty_n or_o knight_n service_n also_o since_o those_o estate_n which_o be_v give_v by_o the_o conqueror_n to_o his_o servant_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o by_o such_o and_o such_o petit_fw-fr service_n may_v in_o process_n of_o time_n fall_v by_o purchase_n or_o descent_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o great_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o have_v sufficient_a estate_n to_o maintain_v that_o dignity_n and_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n they_o may_v for_o aught_o as_o i_o know_v before_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la have_v be_v tax_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o knight_n fee_n or_o part_n of_o knight_n fee_n which_o they_o then_o hold_v and_o according_a to_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o sum_v impose_v in_o parliament_n either_o by_o way_n of_o aid_n upon_o every_o knight_n fee_n or_o else_o by_o way_n of_o subsidy_n by_o so_o much_o a_o yard_n or_o plough_v land_n throughout_o all_o england_n which_o have_v be_v the_o only_a way_n of_o tax_v ever_o since_o that_o of_o knight_n fee_n have_v be_v disuse_v f._n then_o i_o find_v after_o all_o you_o have_v say_v that_o scarce_o half_a your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v any_o vote_n in_o prrliament_n either_o by_o themselves_o or_o their_o representative_n and_o so_o have_v law_n make_v for_o they_o and_o be_v tax_v at_o the_o king_n will_n be_v as_o
which_o by_o the_o way_n be_v here_o call_v noble_a though_o mere_a commoner_n and_o to_o obviate_v your_o objection_n that_o the_o word_n clerus_fw-la after_o barones_n may_v refer_v to_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n that_o can_v not_o be_v for_o they_o at_o the_o same_o time_n have_v already_o write_v letter_n apart_o to_o the_o pope_n concern_v this_o matter_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o same_o author_n immediate_o before_o and_o therefore_o nothing_o seem_v plain_a to_o i_o than_o that_o by_o these_o word_n clerus_fw-la &_o populus_fw-la universus_fw-la must_v be_v mean_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o commons_o appear_v by_o their_o representative_n in_o this_o parliament_n and_o that_o so_o become_v generalissimum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la as_o this_o historian_n call_v it_o m._n pray_v give_v i_o leave_v now_o to_o reply_v in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o the_o instance_n you_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o matt._n westm_n to_o prove_v that_o 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106._o to_o this_o effect_n that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o after_o the_o barones_n &_o proceres_fw-la there_o be_v divers_a other_o party_n mention_v yet_o be_v this_o troop_n of_o word_n put_v together_o in_o this_o letter_n to_o no_o other_o purpose_n than_o to_o make_v a_o impression_n upon_o the_o pope_n and_o make_v he_o sensible_a what_o a_o general_a dislike_n the_o nation_n have_v of_o his_o exaction_n and_o encroachment_n and_o to_o induce_v he_o to_o a_o compliance_n with_o their_o desire_n the_o multitude_n or_o commons_o not_o be_v any-way_n party_n or_o privy_a to_o the_o write_n of_o the_o letter_n for_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o people_n be_v a_o great_a argument_n use_v in_o all_o these_o letter_n to_o affect_v the_o pope_n how_o ungrateful_a his_o imposition_n be_v to_o the_o nation_n but_o in_o this_o of_o the_o temporal_a baron_n more_o especial_o who_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o pope_n by_o petition_n enforce_v it_o by_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o people_n against_o those_o injury_n and_o oppression_n upon_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o repeat_v all_o that_o follow_v only_o observe_v this_o clause_n alioquin_fw-la necesse_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la veniant_fw-la scandala_fw-la clamoro_fw-la populi_fw-la tam_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la quam_fw-la nos_fw-la intolerabiliter_fw-la impellente_fw-la and_o the_o king_n likewise_o in_o his_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o cardinal_n aggravate_v the_o matter_n by_o the_o like_a argument_n as_o appear_v by_o this_o clause_n in_o his_o letter_n to_o they_o verum_fw-la clamorem_fw-la incomperabilem_fw-la magnatum_fw-la angliae_fw-la tam_fw-la cleri_fw-la quam_fw-la populi_n non_fw-la possumus_fw-la obaudire_fw-la from_o this_o general_a clamour_n of_o the_o people_n and_o not_o from_o their_o be_v party_n it_o be_v that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o letter_n from_o the_o baronage_n or_o the_o university_n of_o england_n be_v stuff_v with_o so_o many_o word_n and_o phrase_n to_o awaken_v his_o holiness_n and_o invite_v he_o to_o redress_v their_o grievance_n f._n in_o return_n to_o what_o you_o have_v say_v i_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o i_o be_o not_o convince_v that_o in_o the_o parliament_n mention_v by_o mat._n westm_n that_o the_o demand_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o charter_n be_v make_v by_o the_o lord_n only_o since_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o commons_o who_o be_v there_o style_v divites_fw-la plebis_fw-la and_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v grieve_v by_o their_o infringement_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v party_n to_o the_o complaint_n for_o their_o redress_n especial_o since_o we_o find_v that_o in_o all_o succeed_a parliament_n the_o commons_o be_v mention_v as_o most_o eager_a for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o these_o charter_n but_o as_o for_o the_o most_o material_a part_n of_o your_o answer_n to_o my_o authority_n from_o the_o parliament_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n i_o know_v the_o dr._n endeavour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o avoid_v the_o force_n of_o this_o objection_n by_o make_v the_o parliament_n top_n upon_o his_o holiness_n mere_a empty_a word_n instead_o of_o matter_n that_o be_v according_a to_o the_o dr.'s_n own_o phrase_n they_o only_o lay_v a_o airy_a ambuscade_n to_o entrap_v he_o but_o whether_o the_o old_a gentleman_n be_v thus_o like_a to_o be_v catch_v i_o give_v you_o leave_v to_o judge_v for_o certain_o both_o he_o and_o his_o consistory_n of_o cardinal_n know_v as_o well_o as_o the_o parliament_n itself_o what_o be_v the_o constituent_a part_n thereof_o and_o they_o can_v quick_o have_v answer_v they_o that_o they_o put_v a_o mere_a shame_n upon_o his_o holiness_n in_o mention_v the_o noble_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o sea_n port_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n both_o clergy_n and_o laity_n in_o their_o letter_n whereas_o they_o have_v nothing_o at_o all_o to_o do_v with_o the_o matter_n nor_o have_v show_v any_o dislike_n of_o his_o holiness_n proceed_n for_o if_o they_o have_v no_o representative_n in_o parliament_n how_o can_v it_o be_v know_v whether_o they_o be_v aggrieve_v or_o not_o or_o be_v it_o likely_a that_o the_o pope_n have_v no_o nuncio_n or_o friend_n among_o the_o clergy_n to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o the_o cheat_n they_o there_o put_v upon_o he_o and_o they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v talk_v of_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o tinner_n in_o cornwall_n as_o of_o those_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o sea_n port_n if_o it_o be_v only_o put_v in_o to_o augment_v the_o clamour_n or_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n of_o the_o complainants_n if_o the_o people_n i_o mean_v both_o nobility_n and_o commons_o have_v not_o be_v party_n of_o these_o letter_n but_o you_o yourself_o have_v but_o now_o recite_v a_o clause_n in_o the_o king_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n and_o cardinal_n which_o make_v it_o plain_a it_o be_v so_o when_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o can_v not_o stop_v his_o ear_n against_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o magnate_v tam_fw-la clerâ—_n quam_fw-la populi_n i._n e._n as_o well_o of_o the_o clergy_n as_o of_o the_o laity_n as_o the_o dr._n render_v it_o so_o that_o these_o word_n clamorem_fw-la magnatum_fw-la must_v signify_v here_o the_o clamour_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n in_o parliament_n or_o else_o they_o signify_v nothing_o at_o all_o and_o i_o may_v as_o well_o say_v that_o the_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la never_o appear_v in_o parliament_n at_o all_o but_o that_o these_o be_v also_o mere_a empty_a word_n to_o frighten_v the_o pope_n but_o what_o say_v you_o to_o the_o next_o precedent_n mr._n p._n produce_v to_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o together_o have_v write_v letter_n to_o the_o pope_n 115._o when_o he_o attempt_v to_o invade_v the_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o kingdom_n viz._n the_o letter_n from_o the_o parliament_n at_o lincoln_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o 29_o of_o king_n edw._n i._n 1301._o wherein_o they_o assert_v the_o king_n superiority_n over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n and_o desire_v that_o his_o holiness_n will_v desist_v from_o meddle_v far_o with_o it_o which_o letter_n though_o subscribe_v by_o above_o a_o hundred_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n yet_o it_o be_v say_v express_o in_o the_o conclusion_n in_o cujus_fw-la rei_fw-la testimonium_fw-la sigilla_fw-la tam_fw-la pro_fw-la nobis_fw-la quam_fw-la pro_fw-la tota_fw-la communitate_fw-la praedicti_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la suâ—t_z opâ—pensa_fw-la m._n though_o this_o authority_n be_v after_o the_o time_n we_o acknowledge_v the_o commons_o to_o have_v be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o i_o need_v not_o speak_v particular_o to_o it_o yet_o though_o i_o grant_v your_o argument_n have_v some_o weight_n in_o it_o since_o it_o here_o seem_v that_o the_o lord_n do_v sign_n this_o letter_n for_o the_o commons_o as_o well_o as_o themselves_o i_o shall_v endeavour_n to_o
refer_v but_o to_o this_o very_a letter_n which_o be_v assent_v as_o well_o per_fw-la procuratores_fw-la communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la as_o by_o your_o baron_n here_o call_v nobiles_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o this_o application_n thereof_o be_v give_v by_o mr_n pryn_n himself_o when_o he_o make_v use_v of_o these_o record_n but_o to_o let_v you_o see_v far_o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o for_o all_o this_o author_n opinion_n to_o the_o contrary_a 119._o may_v join_v in_o a_o letter_n ro_o the_o pope_n i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o that_o which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o 17_o the_o of_o edw._n iii_o about_o the_o provision_n of_o benefice_n which_o then_o grow_v so_o exorbitant_a that_o walsingham_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o history_n quod_fw-la rex_fw-la &_o tota_fw-la nobilitas_fw-la regni_fw-la pati_fw-la noluit_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o phrase_n the_o letter_n itself_o will_v best_o explain_v 161._o the_o beginning_n and_o conclusion_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o in_o english_a as_o you_o may_v find_v it_o in_o mr._n fox_n book_n of_o martyr_n to_o the_o most_o holy_a father_n in_o god_n lord_n clement_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n of_o the_o holy_a church_n of_o rome_n 501._o and_o of_o the_o universal_a church_n chief_a and_o high-bishop_n his_o humble_a and_o devout_a child_n the_o prince_n duke_n earls_z baron_n knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n and_o all_o the_o communality_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n assemble_v at_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n the_o 15_o the_o day_n of_o may_n last_o pass_v etc._n etc._n in_o witness_v whereof_o we_o have_v hereunto_o set_v our_o 〈◊〉_d give_v in_o the_o full_a parliament_n at_o westminst_n on_o the_o 18_o day_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la drâ—_n 1343._o and_o it_o still_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o this_o year_n viz._n 17_o edw._n iii_o n._n 59_o that_o the_o commons_o petition_v the_o king_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v stay_v at_o the_o parliament_n till_o they_o have_v perfect_v and_o seal_v this_o letter_n and_o that_o there_o be_v such_o a_o letter_n then_o write_v by_o the_o parliament_n 3._o appear_v by_o the_o king_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n about_o the_o same_o matter_n still_o among_o the_o tower_n record_n in_o which_o he_o imitate_v his_o grandfather_n edw._n i._n and_o great_a grandfather_n hen._n iii_o who_o also_o seâ—_n letter_n to_o the_o pope_n on_o such_o like_a occasion_n but_o in_o those_o to_o excuse_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n from_o be_v the_o author_n of_o those_o complain_v he_o have_v this_o passage_n that_o since_o it_o be_v the_o judgement_n tam_fw-la procerum_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la quaâ—_n communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o ultimo_fw-la parliamento_fw-la contra_fw-la provisorum_fw-la exercitum_fw-la to_o conclude_v i_o think_v nothing_o be_v plain_a than_o that_o under_o the_o universitas_fw-la regâ—â—_n in_o the_o first_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n 29_o hen._n iii_o and_o under_o the_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la mention_v in_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o 29_o edw._n i._o be_v mean_v the_o same_o estate_n or_o order_n of_o man_n as_o be_v more_o particular_o recite_v in_o this_o present_a letter_n viz._n the_o 〈◊〉_d lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n assemble_v m._n i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o i_o be_o not_o yet_o satisfy_v with_o the_o sense_n you_o now_o put_v â—pon_o these_o word_n universitas_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la before_o the_o commons_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n for_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v that_o as_o the_o word_n universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la take_v in_o the_o whole_a representative_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n so_o likewise_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la signify_v no_o more_o than_o the_o same_o whole_a body_n or_o community_n thereof_o therefore_o if_o i_o prove_v to_o you_o that_o in_o those_o time_n this_o universâ—â—y_n or_o community_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la that_o word_n communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la ought_v never_o to_o be_v interpret_v by_o the_o english_a word_n commonalty_n or_o commons_o of_o england_n till_o after_o the_o time_n that_o i_o allow_v the_o commons_o be_v admit_v to_o make_v a_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n nor_o always_o then_o neither_o and_o mr._n p._n in_o his_o book_n which_o we_o have_v so_o often_o cite_v have_v do_v very_o unfair_o to_o make_v the_o universitas_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la to_o comprehend_v the_o commons_o of_o england_n before_o they_o everappear_v in_o parliament_n at_o all_o and_o so_o have_v he_o likewise_o abuse_v the_o word_n populus_fw-la as_o i_o have_v already_o observe_v to_o signify_v the_o commons_o when_o indeed_o there_o be_v no_o more_o thereby_o mean_v than_o the_o whole_a assembly_n of_o the_o laity_n which_o at_o that_o time_n consist_v of_o no_o more_o than_o the_o earl_n baron_n or_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la 28._o and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o by_o communitas_fw-la praelatorum_fw-la or_o baronum_n be_v often_o understand_v the_o body_n of_o the_o prelate_n or_o great_a baron_n only_o call_v by_o way_n of_o eminency_n proceres_fw-la &_o magnates_fw-la yet_o most_o frequent_o these_o with_o all_o the_o other_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la do_v make_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o king_n be_v immediate_a tenant_n in_o military_a service_n and_o be_v altogether_o call_v the_o baronage_n of_o england_n the_o community_n of_o the_o land_n or_o community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o for_o this_o i_o think_v i_o shall_v give_v you_o undeniable_a proof_n by_o and_o by_o f._n i_o be_o very_a well_o aware_a that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la often_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o laity_n yet_o not_o exclude_v the_o commons_o as_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v for_o then_o the_o word_n must_v signify_v quite_o contrary_a to_o its_o genuine_a signification_n instead_o of_o people_n the_o great_a nobility_n only_o yet_o that_o when_o it_o be_v put_v after_o as_o distinct_a from_o magnate_n it_o must_v mean_v the_o commons_o as_o now_o understand_v i_o shall_v show_v you_o by_o and_o by_o but_o that_o this_o word_n populus_fw-la do_v not_o always_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nobility_n only_o 55._o but_o take_v in_o oftentimes_o the_o commons_o too_o pray_v see_v matt._n west_n who_o tell_v we_o king_n edw._n i._o in_o the_o 34th_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n make_v his_o son_n a_o knight_n pro_fw-la hac_fw-la melitia_fw-la silii_fw-la regis_fw-la concessus_fw-la est_fw-la regi_fw-la zomus_fw-la denarius_fw-la a_o populo_fw-la &_o clero_fw-la mercatores_fw-la vero_fw-la vicesâ—mum_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la upon_o which_o your_o dr._n in_o his_o glossary_a very_a well_o remark_n that_o it_o be_v evident_a upon_o record_n who_o be_v the_o populus_fw-la mean_v by_o the_o historian_n viz._n the_o comites_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la magnates_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la milites_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la so_o that_o unless_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n be_v lord_n it_o be_v plain_a populus_fw-la take_v in_o the_o commonâ—_n too_o but_o universitas_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la call_v in_o french_a le_fw-fr communâ—_n dangletterre_fw-fr be_v often_o take_v for_o the_o whole_a community_n or_o body_n of_o the_o whole_a parliament_n and_o this_o sir_n edward_n coke_n own_v express_o in_o his_o 2d_o instit._n upon_o these_o word_n in_o articulis_fw-la supâ—â—_n chartas_n 539._o thus_o here_o le_fw-fr commune_fw-la be_v take_v for_o people_n so_o astout_a le_fw-fr commune_fw-la be_v here_o take_v for_o all_o the_o people_n and_o this_o be_v prove_v by_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o word_n for_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v not_o grant_v to_o the_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n but_o general_o to_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n viz._n to_o those_o of_o thâ—_n clergy_n and_o to_o those_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o to_o the_o commons_o also_o and_o this_o be_v a_o rational_a as_o well_o as_o grammatical_a interpretation_n for_o as_o the_o word_n universitas_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o the_o adjective_n universus_fw-la which_o signify_v the_o whole_a 〈◊〉_d universal_a so_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la be_v derive_v from_o the_o adjective_n 〈◊〉_d common_a or_o general_n so_o that_o these_o two_o word_n when_o use_v simple_o in_o a_o political_a 〈◊〉_d legal_a sense_n aught_o to_o take_v in_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o all_o sort_n and_o condition_n of_o freemen_n appear_v themselves_o or_o their_o lawful_a proxy_n or_o representative_n in_o parliament_n but_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o under_o those_o general_n word_n use_v in_o our_o historian_n and_o record_n viz._n principes_fw-la proceres_fw-la nobiles_fw-la magnates_fw-la barones_n &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la be_v then_o comprehend_v either_o all_o the_o considerable_a freeholder_n oâ—_n lord_n of_o manner_n or_o else_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n so_o
praesentibus_fw-la clero_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la cum_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la which_o pray_v let_v we_o put_v into_o english_a and_o see_v if_o it_o will_v not_o prove_v what_o i_o say_v viz._n the_o clergy_n and_o people_n be_v present_a with_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n now_o if_o the_o word_n magnate_v as_o you_o affirm_v do_v then_o comprehend_v all_o the_o baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la to_o what_o purpose_n be_v the_o word_n people_n put_v here_o as_o a_o distinct_a member_n of_o this_o parliament_n but_o to_o show_v you_o father_n that_o this_o word_n populus_fw-la be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v understand_v for_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o laic_n but_o lord_n and_o knight_n of_o shire_n 〈◊〉_d shall_v show_v you_o out_o of_o walsingham_n anno_fw-la 1297._o 24_o edw._n i._o where_o he_o mention_n a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o st._n edmundsbury_n in_o quo_fw-la a_o civitatibus_fw-la &_o burgis_fw-la concessa_fw-la est_fw-la regâ—_n octava_fw-la a_o populo_fw-la vero_fw-la reliquo_fw-la dvodecima_fw-la pars_fw-la bonorum_fw-la where_o by_o populus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d not_o only_o mean_v the_o peer_n but_o knight_n of_o shire_n or_o grands_fw-fr des_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d also_o m._n i_o be_o not_o prepare_v at_o present_a to_o answer_v all_o the_o query_n and_o difficulty_n that_o you_o can_v make_v or_o raise_v against_o the_o dr.'s_n argument_n yet_o i_o think_v i_o be_o able_a to_o give_v you_o a_o very_a satisfactory_a answer_n why_o all_o tenant_n in_o soccage_n shall_v be_v bounâ—_n by_o the_o act_n of_o those_o of_o who_o they_o hold_v their_o estate_n for_o since_o as_o i_o have_v a_o ready_a prove_v all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n except_o what_o belong_v to_o religious_a house_n be_v grant_v out_o by_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n to_o be_v hold_v in_o capite_fw-la by_o knight_n service_n and_o be_v again_o grant_v out_o by_o these_o head-tenant_n to_o their_o feudatory_a oâ—_n mesne_n tenant_n by_o the_o like_a service_n there_o be_v very_o few_o land_n grant_v in_o free_a soccage_n at_o the_o first_o and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o process_n of_o time_n maâ—_n of_o those_o estate_n and_o land_n become_v free_a tenement_n i._n or_o be_v hold_v in_o soccage_n that_o be_v be_v freehold_n yet_o the_o lord_n still_o retaiâ—_n the_o homage_n which_o in_o the_o time_n we_o speak_v of_o be_v no_o idle_a insignificant_a word_n and_o by_o that_o a_o dominion_n over_o the_o estate_n whereby_o upon_o disobedience_n treachery_n or_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o lord_n the_o land_n be_v forfeit_v to_o they_o and_o theâ—_n neither_o the_o land_n nor_o the_o tenant_n to_o they_o which_o be_v term_v freeholderâ—_n be_v subject_a to_o any_o base_a service_n or_o servile_a work_n yet_o the_o lord_n have_v still_o great_a power_n over_o these_o tenant_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o do_v homage_n to_o they_o 〈◊〉_d â—o_o nominè_fw-la their_o land_n be_v many_o way_n liable_a to_o forfeiture_n and_o therefore_o it_o waâ—_n but_o reason_n that_o the_o chief_a lord_n be_v tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v conclude_v that_o tenant_n in_o soccage_n also_o and_o both_o make_v law_n and_o give_v tax_n for_o they_o without_o their_o be_v at_o all_o privy_a to_o it_o but_o admit_v i_o grant_v that_o before_o 49th_o 〈◊〉_d there_o be_v in_o some_o sense_n commons_o in_o parliament_n though_o not_o as_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n choose_v by_o the_o common_a people_n as_o their_o representative_n yet_o 〈◊〉_d it_o not_o destroy_v i_o or_o the_o dr.'s_n assertion_n who_o in_o the_o introduction_n before_o the_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n only_o affirm_v that_o before_o the_o 49th_o aforesaid_a the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n or_o ordinary_a freeman_n as_o now_o understand_v or_o as_o we_o now_o call_v they_o collective_o take_v etc._n etc._n have_v any_o share_n or_o vote_n in_o make_v law_n unless_o as_o they_o be_v 〈◊〉_d present_v by_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la f._n 82._o be_v it_o so_o but_o i_o be_o sure_a in_o many_o place_n of_o the_o dr_n booâ—_n he_o absolute_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o commons_o in_o parliament_n till_o the_o time_n he_o assign_v but_o as_o for_o what_o you_o allege_v in_o answer_n to_o my_o query_n how_o tenant_n in_o soccage_n can_v have_v law_n make_v for_o they_o and_o tax_n lay_v upon_o they_o 〈◊〉_d â—heir_a lord_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la your_o answer_n be_v whole_o ground_v upon_o mistake_n for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n king_n william_n do_v not_o grant_v all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o by_o knight_n service_n since_o as_o i_o shall_v prove_v hereafter_o there_o be_v many_o subordinate_a tenant_n to_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o great_a lord_n who_o never_o forfeit_v their_o estate_n at_o all_o nor_o be_v disseize_v of_o they_o by_o your_o conqueror_n â—ad_a who_o have_v also_o great_a number_n of_o considerable_a freeholder_n under_o they_o as_o in_o 〈◊〉_d at_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o land_n be_v gavelkind_a which_o be_v soccage_n teâ—re_o in_o the_o next_o place_n neither_o be_v all_o the_o land_n he_o bestow_v upon_o his_o follower_n grant_v to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n since_o you_o your_o seâ—f_n own_o that_o a_o great_a deal_n â—land_n be_v give_v by_o he_o to_o his_o inferior_a servant_n to_o be_v hold_v by_o petit_n serjeanty_n and_o beside_o this_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o other_o land_n be_v regranted_a by_o that_o king_n himself_o 〈◊〉_d some_o of_o those_o old_a proprietor_n who_o have_v be_v dispossess_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o soccage_n be_v appear_v from_o fleta_n 8._o who_o speak_v of_o these_o sort_n of_o man_n say_v express_o in_o 〈◊〉_d maneriis_fw-la seilicet_fw-la regis_fw-la erant_fw-la liberi_fw-la hemines_n labâ—ri_fw-la tenentes_fw-la quorum_fw-la quidaâ—i_fw-la 〈◊〉_d per_fw-la potentiores_fw-la a_o tenementis_fw-la fuerant_fw-la ejecti_fw-la eadem_fw-la post_fw-la modum_fw-la in_o villenagium_fw-la tenenâ—â—_fw-la resempserunt_fw-la &_o quia_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la tenentes_fw-la cultores_fw-la regis_fw-la esse_fw-la dâ—gnoscuntur_fw-la provisa_fw-la 〈◊〉_d quiet_n ne_fw-la sectas_fw-la facerent_fw-la ad_fw-la comitatum_fw-la well_fw-mi hundredum_fw-la &c_n &c_n quorâ—m_fw-la â—â—gregationem_fw-la tunc_fw-la soccam_fw-la appellarent_fw-la hinc_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la sokemanni_n body_n dicunâ—â—_n etc._n etc._n where_o you_o may_v see_v that_o these_o socman_n or_o soccager_n be_v then_o create_v by_o a_o â—ew_a tenure_n from_o this_o king_n nor_o do_v all_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la grant_v their_o land_n â—o_o other_o to_o be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n since_o they_o as_o well_o as_o the_o king_n do_v at_o first_o 〈◊〉_d also_o in_o process_n of_o time_n grant_v land_n to_o the_o old_a english_a proprietor_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o â—â—em_n in_o soccage_n nor_o be_v homage_n the_o proper_a or_o only_a badge_n of_o soccage_n tenure_n but_o â—ealty_n unless_o the_o land_n have_v be_v hold_v by_o knight_n service_n at_o first_o as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o littleton_n 2d_o book_n sect._n 118._o nor_o do_v this_o soccage_n tenure_n give_v the_o lord_n any_o more_o right_a over_o his_o tenant_n estate_n to_o tax_v he_o de_fw-fr alto_fw-mi &_o bâ—sso_fw-la at_o his_o will_n by_o â—eason_n of_o the_o subjection_n he_o be_v in_o to_o the_o lord_n in_o respect_n of_o forfeiture_n since_o â—hen_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v have_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o same_o right_n over_o all_o his_o 〈◊〉_d in_o capite_fw-la to_o tax_v they_o likewise_o at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o this_o right_n of_o forfeiâ—â—â—_n in_o case_n of_o felony_n or_o for_o want_n of_o heir_n continue_v to_o the_o lord_n as_o well_o of_o soccage_n tenant_n as_o other_o long_o after_o the_o time_n you_o assign_v for_o the_o come_n of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n even_o to_o our_o own_o time_n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o those_o lord_n can_v not_o give_v tax_n for_o such_o tenant_n in_o soccage_n at_o their_o pleasure_n but_o that_o we_o may_v proceed_v pray_v consider_v also_o the_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n agree_v upon_o between_o the_o king_n the_o prince_n his_o son_n and_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n to_o compose_v all_o difference_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o â—arons_n the_o title_n of_o which_o in_o the_o record_n be_v thus_o haec_fw-la est_fw-la forma_fw-la 〈◊〉_d a_o domino_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o domino_fw-la edwardo_n filio_fw-la svo_fw-la dorso_fw-la praelatis_fw-la &_o proceriâ—â—â—â—â—â—â—ibus_fw-la cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la totâ_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la communitèr_fw-la &_o conâ—â—â—ditèr_fw-la approbata_fw-la which_o article_n be_v sign_v by_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n the_o bishop_n of_o ely_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n earl_n of_o oxon_n humphrey_n bohun_n william_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr canisio_n &_o majore_fw-la london_n in_o parliamento_fw-la london_n mensae_fw-la junii_fw-la anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1264._o haec_fw-la autem_fw-la â—rimatio_fw-la facta_fw-la est_fw-la london_n de_fw-fr consensu_fw-la
voluntate_fw-la &_o precipto_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la â—â—â—datorum_fw-la baâ—onium_fw-la ac_fw-la etiam_fw-la communitatis_fw-la tunc_fw-la ibidem_fw-la praesentium_fw-la m._n i_o think_v the_o dr._n have_v give_v we_o full_a satisfaction_n as_o to_o this_o record_n p._n in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n the_o substance_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v here_o give_v you_o in_o short_a first_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o at_o the_o make_n of_o this_o force_a peace_n simon_n mountford_n and_o his_o faction_n then_o hold_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o also_o richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n the_o king_n brother_n as_o good_a as_o prisoner_n and_o make_v they_o do_v what_o he_o please_v and_o he_o carry_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n along_o with_o he_o until_o he_o have_v take_v in_o all_o the_o strong_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o when_o he_o have_v do_v than_o he_o call_v this_o parliament_n which_o can_v not_o be_v one_o in_o the_o sense_n it_o be_v now_o take_v since_o there_o be_v none_o there_o but_o the_o earl_n baron_n and_o head_n of_o the_o rebel_n which_o have_v the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o their_o power_n and_o as_o you_o yourself_o set_v forth_o be_v the_o same_o person_n that_o seal_v it_o for_o themselves_o and_o the_o other_o baron_n and_o the_o whole_a community_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n which_o community_n must_v be_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n and_o great_a man_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o military_a service_n and_o no_o other_o for_o how_o can_v the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v any_o thing_n for_o the_o commons_o as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v they_o do_v not_o then_o nor_o now_o do_v represent_v they_o 217._o but_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o another_o authority_n to_o make_v this_o clear_a of_o some_o year_n before_o relate_v in_o matt._n paris_n viz._n anno_fw-la dom._n 12â—â—_n 42_o d_o hen._n iii_o where_o letter_n be_v say_v to_o be_v send_v a_o communitate_fw-la angliae_fw-la to_o the_o pope_n concern_v aymer_n de_fw-fr valence_n bishop_n elect_n of_o wachester_n the_o direction_n be_v thus_o sanctissimo_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la patri_fw-la etc._n etc._n communitas_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerum_fw-la magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la cum_fw-la subjectione_n debita_fw-la pedum_n osrâ—â—â—_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o put_v the_o matter_n beyond_o all_o doubt_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o these_o letter_n be_v seal_v by_o six_o earl_n and_o five_o baron_n only_o vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la i_o need_v 〈◊〉_d give_v you_o their_o name_n since_o you_o may_v find_v they_o in_o the_o author_n himself_o as_o also_o cite_v by_o the_o dr._n and_o as_o for_o h._n bigod_n the_o chief_a justice_n and_o the_o four_o person_n name_v after_o he_o they_o be_v prove_v by_o sir_n william_n dugdale_n in_o his_o baronage_n of_o england_n to_o have_v be_v the_o great_a baron_n in_o the_o kingdom_n now_o pray_v let_v i_o ask_v you_o this_o question_n do_v these_o eleven_o person_n all_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n represent_v the_o whole_a commons_o or_o community_n of_o england_n as_o at_o this_o day_n understand_v or_o do_v they_o represent_v the_o community_n of_o the_o baron_n only_o together_o with_o the_o alios_fw-la the_o milites_fw-la which_o hold_v by_o military_a service_n of_o the_o great_a baron_n and_o the_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o whole_a community_n here_o intend_v must_v be_v one_o of_o they_o take_v which_o you_o please_v you_o will_v lose_v the_o cause_n for_o certain_o these_o great_a 〈◊〉_d and_o baron_n that_o seal_v this_o letter_n vice_fw-la totius_fw-la communitatis_fw-la be_v not_o choose_v nor_o send_v by_o the_o commons_o to_o this_o parliament_n or_o meeting_n nor_o be_v the_o commons_o represent_v as_o at_o this_o day_n by_o they_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v already_o grant_v f._n i_o hope_v i_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o make_v any_o long_a reply_n to_o this_o answer_n of_o youâ—â—_n or_o rather_o of_o your_o dr.'s_n since_o it_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o same_o false_a supposition_n with_o the_o other_o viz._n that_o the_o word_n cum_fw-la communitate_fw-la tot_fw-la â_fw-la regni_fw-la angliae_fw-la must_v always_o mean_v only_o the_o community_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la which_o supposition_n if_o it_o be_v false_a in_o your_o former_a argument_n be_v also_o as_o false_a in_o this_o of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o too_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impertinent_a to_o repeat_v my_o answer_n to_o it_o but_o if_o this_o be_v no_o true_a parliament_n because_o simon_n mountford_n have_v then_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n in_o his_o power_n this_o will_v likewise_o serve_v to_o unparliament_n that_o of_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o this_o king_n from_o whence_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o opinion_n date_n the_o first_o come_v of_o the_o commons_o to_o parliament_n since_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v as_o much_o in_o simon_n mountford_n power_n then_o as_o now_o and_o yet_o no_o man_n as_o i_o know_v of_o ever_o question_v the_o validity_n of_o it_o though_o i_o can_v also_o omit_v that_o you_o pass_v by_o in_o this_o letter_n the_o word_n magnatum_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la regni_fw-la under_o which_o word_n as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v may_v very_o well_o be_v comprehend_v all_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o well_o as_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n unless_o the_o word_n have_v run_v thus_o as_o they_o shall_v have_v do_v to_o have_v make_v out_o your_o assertion_n aliorumque_fw-la qui_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la tenent_n in_fw-la capite_fw-la but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o main_a point_n you_o insist_v upon_o which_o be_v how_o these_o great_a earlâ—_n and_o baron_n can_v seal_v this_o form_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n before_o i_o answer_v to_o that_o i_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o ask_v you_o one_o question_n you_o have_v already_o allow_v that_o the_o ordinary_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o which_o that_o numerous_a body_n chief_o consist_v though_o call_v by_o courtesy_n barones_n minores_fw-la be_v real_o no_o baron_n nor_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o if_o so_o be_v but_o commoner_n now_o pray_v tell_v i_o how_o these_o great_a earl_n and_o baron_n you_o mention_v to_o have_v sign_v this_o peace_n and_o this_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n can_v put_v their_o seal_n for_o those_o who_o be_v no_o baron_n themselves_o by_o your_o own_o confession_n and_o you_o can_v say_v they_o represent_v they_o for_o they_o be_v as_o good_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o the_o great_a lord_n but_o if_o you_o say_v they_o do_v it_o by_o their_o order_n and_o consent_n pray_v why_o may_v not_o these_o great_a lord_n or_o baron_n as_o well_o do_v the_o like_a for_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n and_o burgess_n by_o their_o appointment_n since_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o lord_n do_v act_v thus_o in_o the_o letter_n which_o be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n concern_v the_o business_n of_o scotland_n and_o beside_o i_o must_v here_o observe_v that_o the_o dr._n and_o you_o do_v not_o deal_v fair_o with_o your_o adversary_n in_o cite_v this_o authority_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o baron_n sign_v these_o letter_n to_o the_o pope_n vice_n tâ—tius_fw-la communitatâ—s_fw-la angliae_fw-la since_o i_o acknowledge_v in_o this_o place_n the_o word_n communitas_fw-la be_v put_v alone_o do_v mean_v no_o more_o than_o the_o community_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o authority_n i_o have_v quote_v it_o be_v put_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n and_o so_o then_o must_v mean_v the_o whole_a commonalty_n or_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o sense_n they_o be_v now_o take_v and_o as_o it_o have_v be_v always_o use_v in_o french_a as_o well_o as_o in_o latin_a when_o it_o come_v after_o the_o earl_n and_o baron_n as_o i_o have_v already_o note_v and_o for_o this_o pray_v see_v the_o stat._n of_o westm._n i._o make_v 3_o d_o edw._n i._n but_o eleven_o year_n after_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o hen._n iii_o per_n l'assâ—ntments_n des_fw-fr aechievesques_n evesques_n abbes_n prior_n count_n baron_n &_o tout_fw-fr le_fw-fr commonalty_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr illonques_fw-la summone_n which_o phrase_n i_o can_v show_v you_o to_o have_v continue_v the_o same_o in_o most_o of_o our_o french_a statute_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n and_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o many_o record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n whilst_o they_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a or_o french_a which_o i_o shall_v omit_v recite_v because_o i_o suppose_v you_o yourself_o will_v allow_v it_o i_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o to_o say_v concern_v the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la le_fw-fr commune_fw-la &_o le_fw-fr communality_n which_o because_o it_o be_v long_o and_o it_o now_o grow_v late_a i_o shall_v
word_n clâ—rus_n which_o there_o come_v immediate_o after_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o prior_n must_v needs_o signify_v the_o inferior_a clergy_n he_o express_v the_o lay_v order_n thus_o cum_fw-la comitibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la ac_fw-la proceribus_fw-la cunctis_fw-la where_o we_o may_v observe_v the_o word_n proceres_fw-la here_o put_v distinct_a from_o barones_n which_o may_v very_o well_o signify_v not_o the_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la but_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v the_o word_n proceres_fw-la do_v often_o signify_v both_o in_o our_o historian_n and_o record_n but_o quadrilogus_fw-la give_v we_o the_o title_n of_o these_o constitution_n more_o exact_o in_o these_o word_n facta_fw-la est_fw-la ista_fw-la recognitio_fw-la coram_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o clero_fw-la &_o comitibus_fw-la &_o proceribus_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o in_o the_o next_o line_n he_o say_v that_o those_o custom_n be_v thus_o recognize_v per_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la comites_fw-la barones_n &_o per_fw-la nobiliores_fw-la &_o antiquiores_fw-la regni_fw-la where_o he_o likewise_o distinguish_v between_o the_o bishop_n and_o inferior_a clergy_n and_o those_o who_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o call_v proceres_fw-la regni_fw-la in_o the_o next_o he_o call_v nibilores_n &_o antiquiores_fw-la regni_fw-la by_o which_o he_o may_v mean_v the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n who_o be_v call_v in_o the_o saxon_a times_n seniores_fw-la &_o sapientes_fw-la as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v now_o if_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n appear_v by_o their_o representative_n at_o this_o council_n since_o they_o can_v not_o then_o all_o come_v thither_o in_o person_n any_o more_o than_o now_o to_o imagine_v that_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n shall_v not_o be_v likewise_o there_o by_o their_o representative_n of_o their_o own_o order_n be_v to_o deprive_v the_o commons_o of_o that_o right_n which_o you_o can_v but_o allow_v to_o the_o inferior_a clergy_n to_o conclude_v you_o yourself_o confess_v that_o your_o less_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la sometime_o call_v barones_n minores_fw-la be_v only_o nominal_o and_o nor_o proper_o baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o sense_n that_o word_n be_v now_o take_v and_o if_o so_o pray_v give_v i_o any_o satisfactory_a reason_n why_o other_o commoner_n as_o well_o as_o they_o viz._n the_o knight_n of_o shire_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n may_v not_o then_o likewise_o have_v have_v place_n in_o our_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n m._n i_o see_v you_o use_v your_o utmost_a endeavour_n from_o the_o various_a and_o equivocal_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n in_o question_n between_o we_o to_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o sense_n they_o be_v now_o take_v may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n barones_n miiâ—a_n &_o homines_fw-la sai_fw-la which_o it_o be_v very_o certain_a can_v not_o be_v according_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n at_o that_o time_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v give_v you_o a_o very_a plain_a answer_n to_o your_o question_n why_o other_o commonrss_n as_o well_o as_o the_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la can_v not_o be_v present_a or_o have_v place_n in_o those_o great_a council_n because_o it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o receive_a custom_n and_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o that_o time_n appear_v by_o those_o clause_n of_o king_n john_n charter_n which_o dr._n b._n have_v make_v use_n of_o with_o so_o good_a success_n against_o mr._n p._n and_o the_o author_n of_o janus_n anglorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v you_o will_v read_v they_o along_o with_o i_o 〈◊〉_d they_o stand_v here_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o the_o dr_n complete_a history_n of_o england_n 131._o and_o as_o he_o have_v transcribe_v they_o from_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n in_o bennet_n college_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o so_o many_o distinct_a article_n or_o chapter_n but_o those_o we_o chief_o insist_v upon_o be_v these_o article_n 14._o nullum_fw-la scutagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la commune_fw-la consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la corpus_fw-la nostrum_fw-la redimendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenâ—â—_fw-la 〈◊〉_d filium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la semel_fw-la nâ—â—tandam_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la siet_fw-la nisi_fw-la rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la 15._o simili_fw-la modo_fw-la fiat_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la londinensi_fw-la &_o civitas_n londinensâ—_n habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la antiquas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la quâ—â—_n per_fw-la aquas_fw-la 16._o praeterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o burgi_n &_o villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portibus_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la portus_n habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertà tes_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_fw-la conclium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la aâ—â—liis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la 17._o et_fw-fr de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la submoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_n singillatin_a per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la 18._o et_fw-la praterea_fw-la faciemus_fw-la submoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vice_n comites_fw-la &_o ballivos_fw-la nostrâ—_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la quadra_fw-la ginta_fw-la dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la certum_fw-la locum_fw-la &_o in_o omnibus_fw-la literis_fw-la submonitionis_fw-la caâ—_n same_o submonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la exponemus_fw-la 19_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la facta_fw-la submonitione_fw-la negotium_fw-la procedat_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la assignatum_fw-la secundâ—â—_n consilium_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuâ—rint_fw-la quamvis_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la submoniti_fw-la venerint_fw-la from_o which_o ancient_a monument_n we_o may_v draw_v these_o conclusion_n 1._o that_o the_o king_n exercise_v a_o royal_a prerogative_n before_o this_o charter_n of_o assess_v aid_n and_o scutage_n upon_o all_o sort_n and_o degree_n of_o man_n without_o the_o assent_n oâ—_n the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n since_o call_v the_o parliament_n from_o do_v which_o for_o the_o future_a the_o king_n by_o this_o charter_n tie_v up_o his_o own_o iâ—â—and_n unless_o iâ—_n the_o three_o case_n here_o particular_o reserve_v 2._o that_o there_o be_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o other_o member_n to_o be_v summon_v to_o thâ—â—_n council_n but_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n earl_n and_o great_a baron_n bâ—_n particular_a writ_n and_o all_o the_o other_o lesser_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la by_o one_o general_a summons_n by_o the_o sheriff_n so_o that_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o the_o greaâ—_n council_n before_o this_o time_n only_o consist_v of_o such_o earl_n greaâ—_n baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la 211._o as_o the_o king_n by_o special_a write_v waâ—_n please_v to_o summon_v and_o this_o new_a way_n bring_v in_o a_o greateâ—_n number_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la than_o ever_o have_v appear_v before_o so_o that_o if_o iâ—_n shall_v be_v true_a which_o you_o assert_v that_o this_o charter_n be_v no_o new_a grant_n to_o the_o people_n of_o england_n but_o a_o confirmation_n of_o their_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n it_o muâ—â—_n then_o necessary_o follow_v that_o great_a lord_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la call_v sometimes_o barones_n minores_fw-la be_v then_o the_o only_a representative_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o that_o the_o inferior_a tenant_n consent_n be_v include_v in_o tâ—â—_n assent_v of_o his_o immediate_a superior_a lord_n p._n who_o presence_n be_v râ—â—quired_v in_o those_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n need_v not_o think_v be_v doubt_v and_o i_o can_v give_v you_o if_o need_v be_v several_a authority_n to_o prove_v it_o but_o pray_v observe_v further_a that_o here_o be_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o in_o this_o charter_n of_o any_o citizen_n or_o burgess_n to_o be_v summon_v to_o the_o great_a council_n unless_o you_o will_v have_v they_o include_v under_o the_o general_a title_n of_o all_o other_o who_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la and_o then_o none_o but_o such_o city_n and_o town_n who_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la can_v pretend_v to_o send_v any_o member_n much_o less_o be_v there_o any_o mention_n of_o any_o knight_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o county_n which_o certain_o will_v have_v be_v particular_o provide_v for_o by_o this_o charter_n have_v they_o then_o have_v any_o place_n in_o this_o assembly_n so_o that_o i_o think_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o the_o commons_o be_v not_o otherwise_o represent_v than_o by_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la for_o the_o rest_n of_o king_n john_n and_o most_o part_n of_o king_n henry_n iii_o reign_n for_o aught_o i_o can_v yet_o discern_v for_o though_o this_o charter_n be_v confirm_v in_o the_o second_o and_o nine_o year_n of_o
of_o parliament_n and_o tax_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o often_o as_o there_o be_v law_n make_v and_o tax_n give_v when_o their_o bishop_n or_o earl_n be_v present_a which_o be_v not_o so_o for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n as_o for_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n if_o the_o earl_n have_v be_v the_o representative_a in_o parliament_n of_o his_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o otherwise_o as_o also_o of_o all_o the_o abbey_n and_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n itself_o and_o all_o other_o great_a town_n in_o that_o county_n his_o vote_n in_o parliament_n will_v have_v oblige_v all_o of_o they_o and_o there_o will_v have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o whole_a county_n in_o which_o they_o then_o make_v law_n and_o tax_v themselves_o as_o a_o separate_a body_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o may_v appear_v from_o these_o follow_a record_n which_o mr._n a._n have_v give_v we_o the_o first_o of_o which_o be_v a_o writ_n of_o k._n edw._n i._n 6._o direct_v archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la prioriâ—us_fw-la baronibus_fw-la militibus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la â—liis_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la suis_fw-la in_o comitat._n câ—striae_fw-la recite_v that_o whereas_o the_o prelate_n count_n baron_n &_o alii_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la have_v give_v he_o a_o 15_o the_o of_o their_o movable_n he_o desire_v that_o they_o also_o will_v of_o their_o benevolence_n and_o courtesy_n in_o latin_a curialitate_fw-la grant_v he_o the_o like_a subsidy_n which_o note_n can_v not_o be_v do_v out_o of_o a_o common_a council_n so_o likewise_o in_o another_o writ_n of_o the_o 20_o the_o of_o this_o king_n recite_v that_o whereas_o the_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la b._n &_o communitas_fw-la cestriae_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la 15_o mam_n partem_fw-la omnium_fw-la mobilium_fw-la suorum_fw-la nobis_fw-la concesserunt_fw-la gratiose_fw-la now_o suppose_v as_o the_o doctor_n always_o do_v that_o these_o probi_fw-la homines_fw-la be_v the_o earl_n tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la what_o can_v this_o word_n communitas_fw-la here_o signify_v but_o another_o sort_n of_o man_n distinct_a from_o they_o viz._n the_o communality_n or_o commons_o of_o that_o county_n and_o which_o be_v also_o remarkable_a this_o county_n be_v now_o fall_v to_o the_o crown_n for_o want_v of_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o last_o earl_n and_o so_o according_a to_o the_o doctor_n notion_n the_o king_n be_v their_o sole_a representative_a need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v behold_v to_o they_o for_o these_o subsidy_n since_o though_o not_o as_o king_n yet_o as_o earl_n of_o chester_n he_o may_v have_v tax_v they_o himself_o which_o yet_o he_o think_v not_o fit_a to_o do_v because_o he_o know_v it_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o right_n and_o privilege_n of_o that_o county_n which_o have_v ever_o since_o the_o grant_n of_o it_o to_o hugh_n lupus_n by_o will._n i._n always_o be_v tax_v by_o themselves_o which_o privilege_n be_v also_o express_o set_v forth_o in_o a_o supplication_n of_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o this_o county_n palatine_n to_o k._n henry_n the_o six_o which_o mr._n p._n have_v give_v we_o from_o a_o ancient_a copy_n of_o it_o then_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o sir_n thomas_n manwaring_n of_o that_o county_n 46._o baronet_n wherein_o the_o abbot_n prior_n and_o clergy_n baron_n knight_n esquire_n and_o commonalty_n set_v forth_o that_o they_o with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o earl_n do_v make_v and_o admit_v law_n within_o the_o same_o etc._n etc._n and_o that_o no_o inheritor_n or_o possessor_n within_o the_o say_a county_n be_v chargeable_a or_o liable_a or_o be_v bind_v charge_v or_o hurt_v of_o their_o body_n liberty_n franchise_n land_n good_n or_o possession_n unless_o the_o say_a county_n have_v agree_v unto_o it_o now_o what_o can_v here_o be_v mean_v by_o county_n but_o the_o common_a council_n or_o parliament_n thereof_o since_o otherwise_o they_o can_v make_v no_o law_n nor_o do_v any_o other_o public_a act_n the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v for_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o durham_n which_o from_o the_o grant_v thereof_o by_o william_n rufus_n to_o the_o then_o bishop_n have_v always_o be_v tax_v by_o themselves_o 9_o and_o not_o by_o the_o bishop_n in_o parliament_n and_o that_o as_o low_o as_o the_o reign_n of_o edw._n 3._o as_o appear_v by_o this_o record_n of_o the_o 14_o the_o of_o that_o king_n contain_v a_o letter_n or_o commission_n to_o r._n bishop_n of_o durham_n recite_v that_o whereas_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o the_o commons_o of_o county_n have_v give_v he_o a_o 9th_o of_o their_o good_n there_o mention_v that_o therefore_o the_o bishop_n shall_v convene_v the_o magnate_v &_o communitatem_fw-la libertatis_fw-la vestrae_fw-la to_o wit_n of_o his_o county_n palatine_n ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la with_o all_o convenient_a speed_n and_o that_o do_v to_o persuade_v and_o excite_v the_o say_a magnate_n &_o communitas_fw-la to_o grant_v the_o king_n the_o like_a or_o a_o large_a subsidy_n or_o aid_n towards_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o war_n which_o have_v be_v altogether_o in_o vain_a if_o the_o bishop_n or_o the_o king_n can_v in_o those_o day_n have_v tax_v this_o county_n at_o their_o pleasure_n now_o if_o these_o great_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la can_v not_o tax_n their_o mesne_n tenant_n without_o their_o consent_n much_o less_o can_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la in_o england_n impose_v tax_n on_o their_o tenant_n in_o military_a service_n or_o in_o socage_n without_o their_o consent_n which_o last_o have_v a_o much_o less_o dependence_n upon_o they_o m._n i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o consider_v these_o precedent_n of_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n and_o durham_n and_o therefore_o can_v say_v nothing_o to_o they_o at_o present_a since_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n but_o as_o to_o reason_n and_o law_n i_o think_v it_o be_v consonant_a to_o both_o 171._o that_o not_o only_a tenant_n in_o military_a service_n but_o socage_n tenure_n shall_v be_v find_v by_o the_o act_n of_o their_o superior_a lord_n of_o who_o all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n be_v former_o hold_v by_o knight_n service_n and_o though_o in_o process_n of_o time_n many_o of_o these_o estate_n and_o land_n become_v free_a tenement_n or_o be_v hold_v in_o socage_n that_o be_v be_v free_a holder_n yet_o the_o lord_n retain_v homage_n which_o in_o the_o time_n we_o now_o write_v of_o be_v no_o idle_a insignificant_a word_n and_o by_o that_o a_o dominion_n over_o the_o estate_n whereby_o upon_o disobedience_n treachery_n or_o injury_n do_v to_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n the_o land_n be_v forfeit_v to_o they_o and_o although_o the_o land_n nor_o the_o tenant_n of_o they_o which_o be_v term_v freeholders_n be_v subject_a to_o any_o base_a service_n or_o servile_a work_n yet_o the_o lord_n have_v a_o great_a power_n over_o these_o tenant_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o do_v homage_n to_o they_o which_o though_o now_o antiquate_v yet_o eo_fw-la nomine_fw-la their_o land_n be_v many_o way_n liable_a to_o forfeiture_n and_o tax_n too_o so_o that_o upon_o all_o these_o account_n it_o be_v then_o as_o reasonable_a that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v in_o those_o day_n make_v law_n and_o grant_v tax_n for_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la in_o scotland_n shall_v do_v so_o to_o this_o very_a day_n for_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n of_o never_o so_o great_a estate_n and_o to_o this_o argument_n which_o be_v certain_a in_o matter_n of_o fact_n you_o have_v yet_o answer_v nothing_o nor_o do_v i_o believe_v can_v f._n i_o can_v see_v notwithstanding_o what_o you_o have_v now_o say_v that_o the_o superior_a lord_n by_o reason_n of_o homage_n shall_v have_v a_o absolute_a power_n over_o their_o tenant_n estate_n for_o though_o in_o the_o profession_n of_o homage_n to_o the_o lord_n i_o grant_v the_o tenant_n thereby_o promise_v to_o become_v the_o lord_n man_n yet_o he_o never_o thereby_o mean_v to_o become_v his_o slave_n and_o there_o be_v mutual_a duty_n on_o both_o side_n so_o that_o if_o the_o lord_n fail_v to_o protect_v his_o tenant_n in_o his_o estate_n or_o unjust_o oppress_v he_o he_o may_v have_v refuse_v nay_o renounce_v his_o homage_n till_o the_o lord_n have_v do_v he_o right_n nor_o can_v i_o see_v how_o a_o bare_a right_n of_o have_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o estate_n in_o the_o case_n you_o have_v put_v which_o yet_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o be_v never_o so_o strict_a in_o respect_n of_o socage_n as_o military_a tenure_n as_o i_o can_v show_v you_o be_v it_o worth_a while_n for_o if_o this_o right_n of_o forfeiture_n alone_o can_v give_v the_o superior_a lord_n a_o power_n over_o his_o tenant_n estate_n to_o make_v law_n for_o
i_o grant_v all_o the_o lesser_a baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v to_o be_v summonld_v by_o the_o sheriff_n to_o come_v to_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n may_v have_v only_o call_v some_o of_o the_o great_a and_o wise_a of_o they_o and_o such_o as_o he_o think_v most_o fit_a to_o advise_v he_o in_o make_v law_n and_o impose_v tax_n upon_o the_o nation_n and_o the_o like_a prerogative_n his_o son_n henry_n the_o three_o resume_v during_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o i_o shall_v show_v you_o from_o divers_a old_a statute_n by_o and_o by_o p._n and_o that_o our_o king_n do_v often_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o call_v who_o they_o please_v and_o omit_v who_o they_o please_v of_o these_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la may_v appear_v by_o those_o who_o be_v call_v pares_fw-la baronum_fw-la or_o alios_fw-la magnates_fw-la who_o be_v put_v after_o the_o baron_n and_o of_o these_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n of_o their_o be_v call_v to_o parliament_n and_o again_o omit_v in_o several_a king_n reign_v after_o the_o commons_o be_v a_o three_o estate_n as_o represent_v as_o at_o this_o day_n f._n i_o must_v beg_v your_o pardon_n if_o i_o can_v come_v over_o to_o your_o opinion_n notwithstanding_o what_o you_o now_o have_v say_v since_o i_o do_v not_o find_v your_o reason_n to_o come_v up_o to_o what_o you_o intend_v therein_o for_o you_o only_o suppose_v but_o without_o any_o proof_n that_o the_o word_n populus_fw-la and_o communitas_fw-la must_v signify_v only_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la in_o the_o ancient_a scotish_n charter_n and_o statute_n all_o the_o argument_n you_o bring_v to_o the_o contrary_n be_v that_o i_o can_v show_v you_o any_o law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v alter_v to_o what_o it_o be_v now_o and_o therefore_o that_o the_o constitution_n have_v be_v always_o the_o same_o as_o at_o this_o day_n now_o pray_v consider_v whether_o this_o will_v not_o press_v altogether_o as_o hard_o upon_o you_o in_o relation_n to_o england_n for_o you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o law_n whereby_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v exclude_v here_o and_o knight_n of_o shire_n introduce_v in_o their_o flead_v and_o therefore_o by_o the_o same_o rule_n let_v the_o scottish_a parliament_n have_v be_v of_o what_o they_o will_v yet_o we_o have_v be_v still_o the_o same_o they_o be_v now_o but_o if_o you_o say_v that_o this_o contrary_a usage_n have_v be_v introduce_v either_o by_o the_o king_n prerogative_n or_o by_o the_o silent_a consent_n of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o some_o law_n that_o be_v now_o lose_v be_v not_o all_o the_o same_o argument_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o scotish_n parliament_n which_o i_o may_v upon_o as_o good_a ground_n suppose_v to_o have_v deviate_v from_o their_o original_a constitution_n as_o you_o do_v that_o our_o english_a parliament_n have_v do_v it_o so_o that_o if_o those_o argument_n be_v of_o any_o weight_n they_o will_v serve_v for_o england_n as_o well_o as_o scotland_n but_o if_o they_o be_v not_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o at_o all_o the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v as_o to_o burrough_n in_o scotland_n since_o it_o be_v as_o easy_a to_o suppose_v that_o divers_a burrough_n in_o scotland_n may_v voluntary_o desist_v from_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o parliament_n that_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la as_o it_o be_v that_o divers_a burrough_n in_o england_n do_v petition_n to_o be_v exempt_v from_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o inability_n to_o pay_v the_o expense_n of_o their_o burgess_n as_o i_o can_v show_v you_o by_o divers_a precedent_n some_o of_o which_o be_v in_o print_n have_v i_o now_o time_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o discourse_n i_o can_v imagine_v to_o what_o it_o tend_v for_o if_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v any_o place_n in_o or_o right_o to_o come_v to_o parliament_n how_o come_v they_o to_o have_v it_o but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a freehold_a estate_n they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o if_o so_o i_o can_v see_v no_o reason_n why_o those_o that_o have_v as_o good_a or_o better_a freehold_a estate_n than_o they_o shall_v be_v all_o exclude_v or_o why_o a_o small_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la of_o but_o one_o knight_n fee_fw-mi hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v give_v he_o a_o right_a to_o a_o place_n in_o parliament_n and_o get_v that_o a_o mesne_n tenant_n or_o vavasour_n as_o he_o be_v then_o call_v who_o hold_v ten_o knight_n fee_n of_o some_o bishop_n or_o abbot_n who_o perhaps_o do_v not_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la at_o all_o shall_v have_v no_o right_n of_o appear_v there_o nor_o of_o choose_v any_o representative_a for_o he_o since_o notwithstanding_o all_o you_o have_v now_o say_v the_o doctor_n either_o contradict_v himself_o 68_o or_o you_o when_o he_o tell_v we_o express_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n that_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la who_o be_v no_o baron_n represent_v only_o themselves_o and_o not_o the_o commons_o but_o how_o this_o will_v agree_v with_o what_o he_o say_v in_o his_o introduction_n that_o the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o have_v no_o share_n in_o make_v law_n etc._n etc._n before_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o unless_o they_o be_v represent_v by_o thd_a tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o if_o so_o must_v then_o certain_o represent_v those_o that_o he_o here_o call_v the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n collective_o take_v but_o as_o for_o your_o notion_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v the_o king_n court_n baron_n though_o you_o have_v borrow_v it_o of_o a_o learned_a scotch_a lawyer_n sir_n george_n meâ—â—ensy_n yet_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o it_o be_v never_o true_a for_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o great_a or_o common_a council_n both_o in_o england_n and_o scotland_n be_v much_o more_o ancient_a than_o the_o tennre_n of_o land_n by_o knight_n service_n or_o then_o the_o very_a institution_n of_o manor_n in_o this_o kingdom_n which_o the_o doctor_n tell_v we_o be_v of_o no_o high_a a_o original_n than_o the_o norman_a conquest_n but_o admit_v i_o shall_v allow_v your_o notion_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v ancient_o the_o king_n court_n baron_n then_o certain_o all_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la have_v a_o right_a to_o appear_v there_o and_o to_o be_v not_o only_a suitor_n but_o judge_n of_o all_o difference_n arise_v among_o the_o tenant_n in_o the_o lord_n court_n where_o neither_o the_o lord_n himself_o nor_o his_o steward_n be_v judge_n and_o that_o of_o right_n and_o not_o by_o savour_n whereas_o you_o suppose_v such_o a_o courtbaron_n as_o be_v never_o hear_v of_o where_o the_o lord_n can_v admit_v or_o exclude_v who_o of_o his_o tenant_n he_o please_v to_o which_o if_o they_o have_v a_o right_a ratione_fw-la tenurae_fw-la certain_o he_o can_v never_o do_v so_o that_o instead_o of_o a_o courtbaron_n and_o a_o common_a council_n according_a to_o king_n john_n charter_n whereby_o all_o the_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v to_o be_v summon_v to_o this_o council_n or_o pretend_a court_n baron_n you_o suppose_v the_o king_n still_o retain_v a_o prerogative_n of_o call_v or_o omit_v who_o he_o please_v which_o instead_o of_o confirm_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v a_o rule_n how_o such_o council_n shall_v be_v call_v for_o the_o future_a you_o make_v to_o signify_v just_a nothing_o and_o that_o no_o common_a council_n be_v ever_o call_v according_a to_o that_o model_n but_o pray_v show_v i_o a_o courtbaron_n wherein_o the_o tenant_n ever_o take_v upon_o themselves_o a_o power_n of_o give_v tax_n out_o of_o their_o estate_n that_o do_v not_o hold_v of_o the_o manor_n though_o they_o be_v resident_a within_o it_o but_o indeed_o you_o be_v out_o in_o the_o whole_a matter_n for_o the_o doctor_n himself_o grant_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n when_o he_o give_v we_o king_n john_n letter_n of_o summons_n to_o a_o council_n direct_v to_o the_o baron_n and_o knight_n and_o as_o he_o translate_v eidelibus_fw-la feudatory_n or_o vassal_n of_o all_o england_n wherein_o he_o let_v they_o know_v 40._o that_o he_o have_v send_v his_o letter_n to_o every_o one_o of_o they_o if_o it_o may_v have_v be_v do_v now_o what_o reason_n have_v he_o to_o write_v thus_o if_o these_o gentleman_n have_v no_o right_a to_o be_v consult_v or_o that_o the_o king_n may_v have_v call_v or_o leave_v out_o who_o of_o they_o he_o please_v but_o the_o baron_n and_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la be_v in_o another_o mind_n when_o in_o the_o 37th_o of_o king_n hen._n iii_o as_o mar._n paris_n tell_v we_o they_o refuse_v to_o act_n or_o proceed_v upon_o any_o thing_n
england_n at_o this_o day_n m._n i_o shall_v not_o far_o dispute_v this_o matter_n at_o this_o time_n therefore_o pray_v go_v on_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o authority_n out_o of_o our_o english_a historian_n prove_v that_o any_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n appear_v in_o parliament_n before_o the_o time_n we_o allow_v they_o to_o have_v be_v there_o f._n though_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o at_o our_o last_o meet_v from_o the_o charter_n of_o king_n john_n and_o henry_n the_o 3_o d_o as_o also_o from_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la and_o le_fw-fr commune_fw-la that_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o many_o more_o member_n than_o your_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la yet_o to_o let_v you_o see_v that_o the_o historian_n and_o armalist_n of_o those_o time_n do_v comprehend_v all_o the_o several_a order_n under_o the_o general_a title_n of_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la or_o magnate_v and_o proceres_fw-la you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o chron._n of_o thom._n wike_n a._n d._n 1237._o where_o it_o be_v only_o say_v in_o general_a that_o the_o clerus_fw-la and_o populus_fw-la regni_fw-la do_v in_o that_o year_n be_v the_o 9_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o 3_o d_o grant_v the_o king_n a_o 30_o the_o of_o all_o their_o movable_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a the_o parliament_n which_o be_v hold_v in_o 1264._o be_v 49_o the_o of_o this_o king_n be_v only_o thus_o mention_v by_o this_o author_n in_o a_o historical_a way_n transacto_fw-la siquidem_fw-la viceâ—mo_fw-la die_fw-la nâ—tivitatis_fw-la dominicae_fw-la sacta_fw-la est_fw-la london_n pes_fw-la comitem_fw-la seil_fw-fr leyeestriae_fw-la convocatio_fw-la non_fw-la minima_fw-la procerum_fw-la anglicorum_n etc._n etc._n where_o in_o the_o annal_n of_o waverly_n in_o this_o year_n it_o be_v only_o say_v factum_fw-la est_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la magnum_fw-la londonia_n etc._n etc._n now_o pray_v observe_v that_o either_o the_o commons_o be_v mention_v by_o wike_n under_o the_o name_n of_o proceres_fw-la or_o not_o at_o all_o and_o that_o under_o the_o word_n parliamentum_fw-la the_o commons_o be_v then_o comprehend_v appear_v by_o the_o agreement_n between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o baron_n there_o extant_a 217._o which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v de_fw-fr unanimi_fw-la assensu_fw-la &_o voluntate_fw-la nostra_fw-la sâ—ili_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la filii_fw-la nostri_fw-la praeletorum_fw-la vomitum_fw-la &_o baronum_n &_o communitatis_fw-la dicti_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la now_o it_o must_v be_v grant_v since_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o writ_n of_o summons_n of_o 49_o h._n 3._o that_o the_o commons_o be_v there_o and_o consequent_o must_v be_v comprehend_v under_o this_o phrase_n of_o communitatis_fw-la regni_fw-la and_o if_o this_o have_v be_v the_o first_o time_n they_o have_v be_v summon_v it_o be_v strange_a none_o of_o these_o author_n shall_v take_v any_o notice_n of_o so_o remarkable_a a_o alteration_n and_o change_v of_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o our_o english_a parliament_n but_o that_o the_o knight_n citizen_n and_o bâ—rgesses_n be_v also_o summon_v in_o the_o next_o year_n in_o a_o parliament_n of_o the_o 50_o the_o of_o this_o king_n you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o say_a wike_n chronicle_n 8â—_n ann._n dom._n 1265._o where_o he_o set_v down_o all_o the_o constituent_a estate_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v summon_v to_o meet_v at_o westminster_n at_o the_o translation_n of_o st._n edward_n relic_n in_o these_o word_n convocatis_fw-la universis_fw-la angliae_fw-la praelatis_fw-la &_o magnatibus_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la cunctarum_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la civitatum_fw-la paritir_n &_o burgorum_n potentioribus_fw-la ut_fw-la translationis_fw-la solemnia_fw-la celebrius_fw-la illustrarent_fw-la wherethe_v knight_n of_o shire_n be_v comprehend_v under_o magnates_n and_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v here_o style_v potentiores_fw-la civitatum_fw-la &_o burgorum_n and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o only_o for_o a_o mere_a ceremony_n but_o for_o parliament_n business_n also_o see_v the_o next_o page_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o celebratae_fw-la tundem_fw-la tuntae_fw-la translationis_fw-la solemnitate_fw-la â—â—perunt_fw-la nobiles_fw-la i._n e._n all_o the_o estate_n above_o mention_v ut_fw-la assolent_fw-la parliamentationis_fw-la genere_fw-la de_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o regni_fw-la negotiis_fw-la pertracture_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o which_o parliament_n the_o king_n so_o far_o prevail_v as_o to_o obtain_v a_o 20_o the_o part_n of_o all_o movable_a good_n of_o the_o laity_n and_o yet_o the_o continuator_fw-la of_o mat._n paris_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o year_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o this_o parliament_n but_o only_o say_v in_o general_n that_o st._n edward_n body_n be_v this_o year_n translate_v into_o its_o new_a shrine_n and_o the_o annal_n of_o waverly_n print_v in_o the_o same_o volume_n under_o this_o year_n make_v mention_n of_o this_o parliament_n in_o general_a term_n thus_o facta_fw-la convocatione_n episcoporum_fw-la comitum_fw-la baronum_fw-la abbatum_fw-la priorum_fw-la &_o multerum_fw-la aliorum_fw-la so_o uncertain_a a_o thing_n it_o be_v whole_o to_o depend_v upon_o the_o general_a expression_n of_o monkish_a writer_n without_o compare_v they_o and_o the_o record_n together_o and_o consider_v the_o subject_a matter_n about_o which_o they_o treat_v nor_o can_v we_o suppose_v that_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o our_o parliament_n be_v shape_z and_o change_v as_o often_o as_o they_o do_v their_o phrase_n and_o way_n of_o express_v the_o part_n of_o they_o for_o they_o not_o foresee_v the_o difference_n that_o may_v arise_v about_o these_o matter_n have_v no_o reason_n particular_o to_o recite_v the_o constituent_a member_n or_o estate_n of_o parliament_n as_o often_o as_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v they_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v who_o they_o be_v at_o that_o time_n but_o to_o prove_v further_o that_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a there_o be_v any_o alteration_n in_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o the_o parliament_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 49_o the_o may_v appear_v by_o his_o writ_n still_o extant_a among_o the_o parent_n roll_v of_o the_o 54_o the_o of_o this_o king_n 7._o where_o it_o be_v express_o recite_v that_o it_o not_o seem_v safe_a to_o the_o praelatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la &_o communicati_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la that_o both_o himself_o and_o his_o son_n prince_n edward_n shall_v be_v both_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o once_o in_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o that_o therefore_o he_o give_v the_o whole_a subsidy_n of_o a_o 20_o the_o grant_v he_o by_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n to_o his_o say_a son_n and_o that_o it_o continue_v so_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o edward_n the_o fir_v reign_v appear_v by_o a_o protestation_n in_o the_o 4_o the_o of_o this_o king_n as_o it_o be_v find_v in_o the_o patent_n roll_n wherein_o he_o recite_v a_o 15_o the_o to_o have_v be_v grant_v he_o of_o all_o movable_n by_o the_o comites_fw-la barones_n ac_fw-la alii_fw-la magnates_fw-la &_o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la so_o that_o unless_o the_o sense_n of_o these_o word_n communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la must_v alter_v every_o year_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n for_o we_o to_o believe_v any_o change_n to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o constituent_a part_n of_o parliament_n since_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o 3_o d._n this_o i_o think_v may_v be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v you_o that_o before_o the_o time_n you_o mention_v nor_o only_o the_o knight_n of_o shire_n but_o the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n do_v appear_v in_o parliament_n both_o before_o your_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n 3_o d_o and_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n 1_n m._n i_o believe_v the_o commons_o may_v be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o general_a word_n magnate_v &_o proceres_fw-la by_o wikes_n chronicle_n in_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o 3_o d_o or_o else_o not_o be_v mention_v at_o all_o which_o i_o rather_o incline_v to_o believe_v and_o i_o must_v also_o confess_v that_o the_o other_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o same_o author_n concern_v the_o citizen_n and_o burgess_n be_v summon_v either_o to_o a_o great_a council_n or_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o 3_o d_o be_v more_o than_o i_o before_o ever_o take_v notice_n of_o yet_o since_o this_o author_n do_v not_o tell_v we_o whether_o it_o be_v to_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o nor_o how_o many_o of_o they_o be_v there_o whether_o one_o only_o or_o more_o for_o each_o city_n and_o burrough_n town_n or_o whether_o they_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o people_n or_o nominate_v by_o the_o king_n to_o appear_v there_o do_v not_o appear_v from_o this_o author_n but_o as_o for_o the_o word_n communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la mention_v in_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o 49_o the_o of_o henry_n 3_o d_o though_o it_o may_v signify_v the_o body_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o that_o record_n yet_o if_o they_o be_v not_o again_o summon_v to_o parliament_n till_o the_o 18_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o
to_o parliament_n no_o otherwise_o but_o as_o 〈◊〉_d in_o capitâ—_n for_o though_o the_o say_a petition_n reâ—ues_v that_o they_o hold_v the_o say_a town_n of_o the_o k._n in_o capite_fw-la yet_o they_o do_v not_o likewise_o say_v that_o they_o claim'th_v to_o appear_v there_o only_o by_o that_o tenure_n for_o than_o they_o shall_v have_v retire_v that_o they_o sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n tenentes_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la and_o not_o sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la burgenses_n regni_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la regis_fw-la venirâ—_fw-it debeant_fw-la and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a they_o set_v forth_o that_o they_o appear_v there_o for_o all_o service_n yet_o do_v they_o not_o say_v that_o their_o tenure_n in_o capitâ—_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o their_o appearance_n in_o parliam_fw-la since_o divers_a town_n and_o burrought_v of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o hold_v not_o in_o capite_fw-la at_o all_o have_v the_o like_a privilege_n before_o of_o which_o i_o can_v give_v you_o 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belong_v to_o that_o church_n and_o be_v make_v a_o free_a burrough_n in_o the_o three_o of_o king_n john_n four_o beverly_n be_v make_v a_o free_a burrough_n by_o thurston_n archbishop_n of_o york_n 18._o which_o be_v confirm_v by_o king_n henry_n iii_o hiâ—â—hly_a badmin_n which_o always_o hold_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n six_o bridgwater_n for_o king_n john_n grant_v it_o to_o william_n brewer_n 13._o quod_fw-la brugwater_n sit_fw-la libre_fw-la burgus_n seven_o coventry_n which_o be_v always_o hold_v of_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o plead_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o edw._n i._o to_o have_v never_o be_v tax_v with_o the_o king_n demesne_n but_o with_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n eight_o bishop_n linne_n for_o king_n john_n grant_v to_o john_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n quod_fw-la burgus_n de_fw-fr lenna_n sit_fw-la libre_fw-la burgus_n inperpetuum_fw-la all_o which_o by_o the_o writ_n we_o have_v leave_v we_o joh._n send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n as_o early_o as_o any_o that_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la these_o i_o give_v you_o only_o for_o a_o taste_n but_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o i_o have_v time_n i_o can_v give_v you_o three_o time_n as_o many_o especial_o in_o cornwall_n where_o the_o burrough_n do_v almost_o all_o hold_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o not_o of_o the_o king_n but_o beside_o the_o doctor_n error_n in_o suppose_v that_o no_o ancient_a city_n or_o burrough_n have_v any_o right_n of_o send_v member_n to_o parliament_n but_o only_o as_o they_o hold_v of_o the_o king_n in_o capite_fw-la his_o mistake_n be_v yet_o much_o more_o gross_a in_o his_o construe_v those_o remarkable_a word_n in_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o the_o burgess_n of_o st._n alban_n et_fw-la tunc_fw-la fiat_fw-la eye_n super_fw-la hoc_fw-la justitia_fw-la vocatis_fw-la evocandis_fw-la si_fw-la necesse_fw-la fuerit_fw-la thus_o and_o then_o let_v they_o have_v justice_n in_o this_o matter_n and_o such_o as_o have_v be_v call_v may_v be_v call_v if_o there_o be_v necessity_n upon_o which_o word_n you_o have_v also_o from_o the_o dr._n put_v this_o pleasant_a gloss_n hence_o it_o be_v clear_a the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n be_v equal_o judge_v when_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o call_v they_o and_o for_o they_o to_o come_v as_o they_o be_v of_o their_o right_n and_o pretence_n to_o come_v but_o i_o must_v needs_o tell_v you_o â—_o think_v nothing_o can_v be_v more_o absurd_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o this_o record_n than_o the_o doctor_n be_v construction_n who_o will_v needs_o have_v the_o word_n evocatis_fw-la evocandis_fw-la only_o to_o mean_v a_o call_v or_o summon_v to_o parliament_n which_o be_v quite_o contrary_a to_o the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o king_n answer_n to_o this_o petition_n for_o if_o that_o have_v be_v his_o meaning_n that_o those_o only_a shall_v be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n who_o the_o king_n please_v to_o call_v to_o what_o purpose_n be_v these_o word_n scrutentur_fw-la rotuli_n etc._n etc._n de_fw-fr cancel_v si_fw-la temporibus_fw-la progenitorum_fw-la regis_fw-la burgenses_n praedicti_fw-la solebant_fw-la venire_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la for_o if_o their_o come_n to_o parliament_n have_v be_v a_o matter_n of_o mere_a grace_n and_o favour_n and_o not_o of_o right_a &_o so_o whole_o leave_v in_o the_o king_n breast_n whether_o they_o shall_v come_v or_o not_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a for_o he_o to_o command_v the_o roll_n of_o chancery_n to_o be_v search_v whether_o the_o say_v burgess_n use_v to_o come_v to_o parliament_n or_o not_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o progenitor_n or_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o right_n why_o shall_v it_o be_v here_o say_v that_o upon_o search_n of_o the_o roll_n tunc_fw-la fiat_fw-la justitia_fw-la let_v justice_n be_v do_v iâ—_n there_o never_o be_v such_o a_o right_a of_o prescription_n by_o which_o they_o claim_v but_o i_o much_o wonder_v that_o the_o dr._n so_o great_a a_o critic_n in_o record_n shall_v ever_o construe_v they_o evocatis_fw-la evocandis_fw-la a_o summon_n or_o call_v to_o parliament_n and_o i_o desire_v you_o will_v show_v i_o in_o what_o parliament_n roll_v or_o ancient_n record_v you_o can_v find_v evecaâ—â—_n ad_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la to_o summon_v to_o parliament_n but_o i_o more_o admire_v that_o you_o who_o be_v a_o profess_a civilian_n shall_v no_o better_o understand_v the_o sense_n of_o your_o own_o term_n whereas_o if_o you_o will_v have_v but_o consult_v any_o civil_a law_n dictionary_n you_o may_v have_v find_v evocate_v testes_fw-la always_o signify_v to_o summon_v witness_n and_o i_o can_v show_v you_o by_o twenty_o precedent_n both_o from_o our_o common_a law_n record_n as_o well_o as_o your_o canon_n law_n form_n that_o evocatis_fw-la eâ—ocandis_fw-la do_v always_o signify_v the_o summon_n such_o witness_n as_o be_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o a_o cause_n and_o in_o this_o sense_n it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o this_o record_n that_o not_o only_o the_o roll_n shall_v be_v search_v but_o also_o witness_n summon_v to_o prove_v their_o claim_n if_o any_o dispute_n or_o doubt_n shall_v arise_v about_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n m._n i_o shall_v no_o long_o contend_v with_o you_o about_o the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o these_o last_o word_n since_o perhaps_o you_o may_v be_v in_o the_o right_a but_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n and_o his_o council_n do_v by_o this_o answer_n allow_v this_o petition_n of_o the_o town_n of_o st._n alban_n to_o be_v true_a that_o they_o have_v send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o predecessor_n much_o less_o that_o any_o other_o city_n of_o burrough_n in_o england_n be_v then_o allow_v such_o a_o right_a by_o prescription_n f._n i_o grant_v indeed_o that_o this_o petition_n do_v not_o absolute_o allow_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o it_o concern_v the_o matter_n in_o dispute_n between_o they_o and_o the_o abbot_n to_o be_v true_a as_o it_o be_v there_o set_v forth_o neither_o yet_o do_v it_o condemn_v it_o for_o false_a but_o whether_o it_o be_v true_a or_o false_a it_o matter_n not_o for_o both_o the_o petition_n and_o the_o answer_n do_v sufficient_o prove_v the_o point_n for_o which_o we_o make_v use_v of_o it_o viz_o that_o it_o be_v then_o receive_v for_o a_o general_a custom_n or_o law_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n that_o the_o city_n and_o burrough_n have_v send_v member_n to_o parliament_n according_a as_o in_o the_o petition_n be_v set_v forth_o 10._o otherwise_o it_o can_v scarce_o be_v suppose_v much_o less_o believe_v that_o the_o burgess_n of_o st._n alban_n or_o the_o penman_n of_o this_o petition_n shall_v dare_v to_o tell_v the_o king_n and_o his_o learned_a council_n in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o parliament_n so_o great_a and_o ridiculous_a a_o novelty_n to_o be_v record_v to_o posterity_n as_o that_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n
earl_n and_o in_o the_o like_a pardon_n to_o the_o constable_n and_o marshal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o i_o now_o also_o quote_v those_o lord_n will_v not_o own_o they_o have_v transgress_v but_o the_o word_n be_v only_o etiam_fw-la transgressiones_fw-la si_fw-la quas_fw-la fecerit_fw-la so_o that_o since_o such_o reformation_n can_v not_o be_v bring_v about_o without_o violence_n and_o bloodshed_n and_o some_o irregularity_n which_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n can_v not_o be_v justify_v by_o the_o strict_a letter_n of_o the_o law_n it_o be_v but_o reason_n that_o for_o the_o quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o their_o future_a security_n they_o shall_v be_v indemnify_v for_o what_o they_o have_v do_v with_o so_o good_a a_o intent_n and_o for_o the_o common_a good_a of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o that_o such_o act_n of_o pardon_n do_v not_o relate_v to_o the_o title_n such_o king_n have_v to_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o to_o their_o be_v king_n in_o the_o eye_n of_o 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the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n but_o the_o know_a law_n of_o the_o land_n f._n i_o do_v not_o deny_v but_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v sacred_a and_o inviolable_a and_o yet_o no_o man_n will_v therefore_o say_v that_o they_o be_v irresistible_a too_o in_o all_o case_n whatsoever_o as_o if_o the_o king_n for_o example_n shall_v attempt_v to_o ravish_v woman_n or_o rob_v or_o murder_v man_n upon_o the_o highway_n or_o in_o the_o street_n as_o the_o ancient_a historian_n relate_v of_o nero_n and_o commodus_n the_o emperor_n and_o as_o be_v report_v of_o the_o last_o king_n of_o portugal_n and_o which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n remove_v he_o from_o the_o government_n and_o as_o our_o henry_n the_o five_o be_v relate_v by_o our_o historian_n to_o have_v rob_v man_n upon_o the_o highway_n before_o he_o be_v king_n so_o if_o he_o have_v go_v about_o to_o 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the_o king_n will_v that_o right_o be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o statute_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o realm_n 625._o etc._n etc._n which_o not_o satisfy_v as_o too_o doubtful_a and_o general_a the_o king_n at_o last_o give_v this_o full_a and_o clear_a answer_n in_o legal_a â—orm_n soit_fw-fr droit_n fait_fw-fr commâ—_n il_fw-fr est_fw-fr desirè_fw-la the_o second_o point_n in_o relation_n to_o our_o civil_a property_n be_v this_o that_o no_o tax_n taillage_n or_o aid_n shall_v be_v lay_v or_o levy_v by_o the_o king_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n earls_z baron_n knight_n burgess_n and_o whole_a commonalty_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o parliament_n this_o be_v first_o of_o all_o grant_v by_o the_o 56th_o law_n of_o william_n the_o first_o which_o i_o have_v already_o cite_v as_o also_o more_o particular_o forbid_v by_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr tallagio_n non_fw-la concedendo_fw-la in_o the_o 34th_o of_o edward_n the_o first_o which_o be_v but_o a_o revival_n 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legislative_a power_n of_o parliament_n be_v the_o very_a soul_n and_o essence_n of_o the_o government_n the_o election_n of_o knight_n citizen_n and_o burgess_n to_o sit_v and_o serve_v in_o parliament_n aught_o to_o be_v free_a and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o parliament_n who_o have_v place_n there_o either_o by_o patent_n or_o writ_n of_o summons_n as_o the_o lord_n or_o else_o by_o election_n or_o writ_n as_o the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o be_v present_a and_o there_o to_o have_v freedom_n of_o speech_n and_o vote_n without_o any_o guard_n to_o over-awe_n or_o terrify_v they_o and_o none_o to_o be_v force_v threaten_a bribe_v or_o tamper_v with_o to_o give_v their_o vote_n contrary_a to_o their_o conscience_n either_o by_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o minister_n this_o be_v ordain_v by_o the_o stat._n of_o westm._n 1_o chap._n 5._o whereby_o it_o be_v express_o provide_v that_o all_o election_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o this_o statute_n extend_v to_o election_n of_o knight_n of_o shire_n as_o well_o as_o other_o election_n since_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o commons_o elect_v member_n to_o parliament_n when_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n 36._o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o roll_n of_o parliament_n 1_o hen._n 4._o wherein_o it_o be_v allege_v as_o by_o the_o parliament_n as_o one_o of_o the_o article_n against_o richard_n the_o second_o in_o these_o word_n item_n licet_fw-la de_fw-la stato_fw-la &_o consuttudine_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o convocatione_n enjuslibet_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la populus_fw-la suus_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la regni_fw-la debeat_fw-la esse_fw-la libre_fw-la ad_fw-la eligendum_fw-la &_o deputandum_fw-la milites_fw-la pro_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la ad_fw-la inter_fw-la â—ssendum_fw-la parliamentis_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la exponendum_fw-la corum_fw-la gravamina_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la prosequendum_fw-la pro_fw-la remediis_fw-la superinde_v prout_fw-la videntur_fw-la expedire_fw-la tamen_fw-la praefatus_fw-la rex_fw-la ut_fw-la in_o parliamentis_fw-la suis_fw-la liberius_fw-la consequi_fw-la valeat_fw-la suae_fw-la temerariae_fw-la voluntatis_fw-la effectum_fw-la direxit_fw-la mandata_fw-la sua_fw-la frequentius_fw-la vicecomitibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la ut_fw-la certas_fw-la personas_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la nominatas_fw-la ut_fw-la milites_fw-la câ—mitatuum_fw-la venirâ—_fw-it saciant_fw-la ad_fw-la parliamenta_fw-la sua_fw-la quos_fw-la quidem_fw-la milites_fw-la eidem_fw-la regi_fw-la faventes_fw-la inducâ—re_fw-la poterat_fw-la prout_fw-la frequentius_fw-la fecit_fw-la quandoque_fw-la pro_fw-la minas_fw-la varias_fw-la &_o terrores_fw-la &_o quandoque_fw-la per_fw-la munera_fw-la ad_fw-la consentiendum_fw-la illis_fw-la quâ—a_fw-la regno_fw-la praedicto_fw-la prâ—ejudicialia_fw-la fuerant_fw-la &_o populo_fw-la quam_fw-la plurimum_fw-la onerosa_fw-la etc._n etc._n so_o that_o you_o here_o may_v see_v that_o it_o be_v then_o judge_v by_o the_o whole_a parliament_n to_o be_v a_o brench_n of_o one_o of_o the_o fundamental_a liberty_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o king_n to_o make_v false_a return_n to_o be_v make_v of_o parliament-man_n as_o also_o to_o corrupt_v or_o over-awe_n their_o vote_n either_o by_o promise_n or_o threatening_n but_o to_o conclude_v that_o we_o have_v such_o thing_n as_o fundamental_a law_n and_o privilege_n i_o shall_v go_v no_o far_o than_o king_n james_n i._o his_o speech_n confirm_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o first_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o it_o be_v recite_v that_o the_o king_n have_v vouchsafe_v to_o express_v many_o way_n how_o far_o it_o be_v and_o ever_o shall_v be_v from_o his_o royal_a and_o sincere_a care_n and_o affection_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n to_o alter_v or_o innovate_v the_o fundamental_a law_n privilege_n and_o good_a custom_n of_o this_o kingdom_n whereby_o not_o only_o his_o royal_a authority_n but_o the_o people_n security_n of_o land_n live_n and_o privilege_n both_o in_o general_a and_o particular_a be_v preserve_v and_o maintain_v and_o by_o the_o abolish_n or_o alteration_n of_o which_o it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o present_a confusion_n will_v fall_v upon_o the_o whole_a state_n and_o â—rame_v of_o this_o realm_n so_o that_o if_o this_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n be_v true_a sure_o we_o may_v just_o suppose_v that_o thing_n of_o such_o vast_a concernment_n deserve_v our_o contend_v for_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a and_o lawful_a to_o preserve_v they_o for_o what_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o land_n upon_o occasion_n once_o say_v with_o one_o voice_n in_o full_a parliament_n every_o freeborn_a subject_n of_o england_n may_v as_o well_o say_v at_o this_o day_n nolumus_fw-la leges_fw-la angliae_fw-la mutari_fw-la which_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v imprint_v upon_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o true_a englishman_n who_o as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n very_o well_o observe_v take_v themselves_o to_o have_v as_o good_a title_n to_o their_o law_n 43._o as_o to_o the_o
m._n oh_o be_v you_o come_v at_o last_o i_o have_v look_v for_o you_o these_o two_o night_n and_o now_o begin_v to_o fear_v you_o be_v not_o well_o or_o else_o have_v disinherit_v your_o cause_n and_o decline_v another_o conference_n f._n i_o beg_v your_o pardon_n for_o disappoint_v you_o which_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o do_v have_v noâ—_n some_o business_n hinder_v i_o but_o however_o to_o let_v you_o see_v i_o do_v not_o decline_v another_o conference_n with_o you_o upon_o this_o subject_a pray_v let_v we_o go_v on_o where_o we_o leave_v off_o and_o tell_v i_o free_o your_o sense_n of_o my_o notion_n of_o the_o king_n forfeiture_n or_o abdication_n of_o the_o government_n by_o his_o violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o refusal_n to_o repair_v those_o breach_n when_o he_o may_v have_v do_v it_o m._n in_o answer_n to_o your_o demand_n i_o will_v deal_v free_o with_o you_o and_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o i_o have_v peruse_v all_o writer_n that_o have_v write_v any_o thing_n considerable_a concern_v the_o law_n of_o government_n or_o of_o nation_n and_o can_v find_v in_o any_o of_o they_o any_o thing_n to_o countenance_v your_o notion_n of_o forfeiture_n or_o abdication_n of_o a_o absolute_a sovereign_a prince_n aâ—_n i_o must_v still_o take_v we_o to_o be_v notwithstanding_o all_o you_o yet_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a unless_o what_o you_o have_v cite_v at_o our_o three_o meeting_n 6.7_o out_o of_o barclay_n three_o book_n contra_fw-la monarch_n where_o he_o allow_v the_o subject_n to_o resist_v their_o prince_n in_o case_n he_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v the_o body_n of_o the_o people_n or_o common_a wealth_n whereof_o he_o be_v the_o head_n to_o which_o i_o may_v also_o add_v another_o case_n which_o you_o have_v omit_v viz._n if_o the_o prince_n make_v over_o his_o kingdom_n to_o another_o without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o people_n and_o i_o confess_v that_o both_o grotius_n and_o pufendorf_n agree_v with_o barclay_n in_o this_o notion_n because_o they_o look_v upon_o both_o these_o case_n as_o their_o plain_a downright_a renunciation_n of_o their_o civil_a authority_n over_o those_o who_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o govern_v but_o indeed_o the_o first_o of_o these_o case_n be_v so_o improbable_a nay_o almost_o impossible_a to_o happen_v that_o be_v it_o not_o for_o the_o overgreat_a niceness_n of_o these_o writer_n it_o need_v not_o to_o have_v be_v so_o much_o as_o mention_v since_o none_o but_o a_o madman_n can_v ever_o go_v about_o to_o destroy_v his_o whole_a people_n and_o therefore_o as_o a_o man_n out_o of_o his_o wit_n such_o a_o prince_n may_v be_v resist_v and_o lock_v up_o if_o ever_o it_o shall_v so_o fall_v out_o as_o you_o yourself_o have_v confess_v it_o have_v very_o rare_o for_o a_o nation_n to_o be_v so_o unhappy_a as_o to_o have_v such_o a_o prince_n but_o as_o for_o the_o second_o viz._n the_o make_n over_o their_o supreme_a power_n to_o a_o foreign_a prince_n that_o likewise_o so_o very_o rare_o happen_v that_o it_o be_v scarce_o worth_a the_o while_n to_o make_v any_o dispute_n about_o it_o but_o in_o all_o other_o case_n they_o hold_v the_o supreme_a power_n of_o every_o nation_n to_o be_v absolute_o irresistible_a in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o and_o if_o irresistible_a then_o certain_o uncapable_a of_o forfeit_v their_o right_n to_o govern_v by_o any_o pretend_a or_o real_a violation_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o people_n and_o bodin_n in_o his_o first_o book_n 8._o de_fw-fr republica_n though_o he_o grant_v that_o absolute_a prince_n be_v oblige_v in_o conscience_n to_o keep_v and_o maintain_v all_o such_o privilege_n which_o have_v be_v grant_v to_o the_o people_n by_o either_o themselves_o or_o predecessor_n which_o be_v for_o the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n yet_o since_o the_o prince_n be_v sole_a judge_n whether_o these_o privilege_n be_v consistent_a with_o his_o supreme_a right_n to_o govern_v and_o protect_v his_o people_n he_o may_v therefore_o have_v occasion_n sometime_o not_o only_o to_o detract_v from_o they_o or_o dispense_v with_o they_o in_o some_o case_n but_o may_v whole_o break_v and_o lay_v they_o aside_o by_o turn_v tyrant_n 5._o yet_o nevertheless_o in_o all_o these_o case_n people_n be_v still_o bind_v not_o to_o resist_v they_o and_o that_o he_o look_v upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o such_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n as_o well_o as_o other_o he_o there_o mention_n pray_v read_v i_o the_o place_n i_o now_o cite_v where_o after_o he_o have_v allow_v resistance_n to_o be_v lawful_a against_o those_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o proper_o monarch_n as_o enjoy_v but_o a_o share_n of_o the_o supreme_a power_n and_o among_o which_o he_o reckon_v the_o german_a emperor_n and_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n sweden_n and_o poland_n but_o then_o when_o he_o come_v to_o speak_v of_o real_a and_o absolute_a monarchy_n his_o sense_n be_v quite_o different_a as_o you_o may_v see_v by_o these_o word_n quod_fw-la si_fw-la monarchia_fw-la quaedam_fw-la est_fw-la summâ_fw-la unius_fw-la potestate_fw-la constituta_fw-la qualis_fw-la est_fw-la francorum_fw-la hispanorum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la scotorum_fw-la etc._n etc._n i_o shall_v slip_v all_o the_o rest_n because_o not_o to_o our_o purpose_n ubi_fw-la reges_fw-la sine_fw-la controversia_fw-la jura_fw-la omne_fw-la majestatis_fw-la habent_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la nec_fw-la singulis_fw-la civibus_fw-la nec_fw-la universis_fw-la fas_fw-la est_fw-la summi_fw-la principis_fw-la vitam_fw-la famam_fw-la fortunas_fw-la in_o discrimen_fw-la vocare_fw-la seu_fw-la vi_fw-la feu_fw-fr judice_fw-la constituto_fw-la id_fw-la fiat_fw-la etiamsi_fw-la omnium_fw-la scelerum_fw-la ac_fw-la flagitiorum_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o tyrannis_fw-la convenire_fw-la antea_fw-la diximus_fw-la turpitudine_fw-la infamis_fw-la esset_fw-la where_o you_o may_v observe_v that_o force_n or_o resistance_n by_o which_o such_o a_o absolute_a prince_n life_n or_o regal_a power_n here_o call_v fortunas_fw-la be_v as_o much_o forbid_v as_o call_v he_o in_o question_n by_o appoint_v judge_n to_o sit_v upon_o he_o and_o he_o there_o give_v we_o a_o very_a good_a reason_n for_o it_o because_o all_o subject_n of_o what_o degree_n soever_o can_v pretend_v to_o any_o coercive_a power_n over_o the_o person_n of_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n f._n we_o have_v discourse_v enough_o concern_v the_o resistance_n of_o absolute_a monarch_n at_o our_o three_o and_o four_o meeting_n and_o therefore_o i_o desire_v we_o may_v not_o fall_v into_o that_o subject_a which_o can_v produce_v nothing_o but_o needless_a repetition_n and_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o 5_o conversation_n that_o the_o king_n be_v not_o a_o absolute_a despotic_a monarch_n but_o be_v limit_v and_o tie_v up_o by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o make_v of_o law_n or_o raise_v tax_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o people_n in_o parliament_n and_o that_o our_o government_n be_v mix_v and_o make_v up_o of_o monarchy_n with_o a_o allay_n of_o aristocracy_n and_o democracy_n in_o the_o constitution_n the_o former_a in_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n the_o latter_a in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o as_o k._n charles_n the_o first_o himself_o confess_v in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o parliament_n 19_o proposition_n and_o i_o have_v far_o enforce_v this_o from_o divers_a authority_n out_o of_o our_o ancient_n as_o well_o as_o modern_a lawyer_n viz._n glanvill_n bracton_n fortescue_n and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n so_o that_o since_o we_o have_v such_o clear_a proof_n for_o our_o constitution_n from_o our_o own_o history_n and_o author_n nay_o from_o the_o king_n himself_o beside_o the_o whole_a purporâ—_n and_o style_n of_o the_o very_a law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o kingdom_n i_o do_v not_o value_v the_o authority_n of_o bodin_n a_o foreigner_n who_o business_n it_o be_v to_o set_v up_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o french_a king_n to_o the_o high_a pitch_n he_o can_v and_o therefore_o be_v sensible_a that_o ancient_o the_o government_n of_o france_n and_o england_n be_v much_o the_o same_o he_o can_v not_o with_o any_o face_n make_v his_o own_o a_o absolute_a despotic_a monarchy_n unless_o he_o have_v make_v we_o so_o too_o but_o this_o be_v not_o the_o only_a error_n he_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o in_o our_o history_n and_o constitution_n as_o i_o can_v show_v you_o when_o there_o be_v occasion_n but_o arnisaeus_n who_o as_o well_o as_o bodin_n be_v so_o much_o for_o absolute_a monarch_n yet_o do_v in_o his_o treatise_n of_o government_n call_v his_o confess_v that_o a_o tyrant_n in_o a_o hereditary_a monarchy_n who_o violate_v all_o the_o law_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n to_o the_o endanger_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n do_v ixcidere_fw-la jure_fw-la haereditario_fw-la fall_v from_o or_o forfeit_v his_o hereditary_a right_n but_o pray_v make_v it_o out_o by_o some_o convince_a proof_n either_o from_o history_n or_o law_n that_o our_o king_n be_v
dare_v not_o insist_v upon_o it_o so_o that_o i_o do_v not_o now_o wonder_v that_o the_o gentleman_n of_o your_o principle_n be_v so_o violent_a for_o this_o right_n of_o resistance_n since_o it_o be_v only_o in_o order_n to_o introduce_v your_o darling_n doctrine_n of_o the_o people_n power_n of_o depose_v or_o lay_v aside_o their_o king_n as_o you_o term_v it_o whenever_o they_o shall_v judge_v they_o turn_v tyrant_n and_o have_v thereby_o forfeit_v their_o crown_n which_o be_v a_o most_o dangerous_a doctrine_n and_o if_o it_o shall_v take_v effect_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o world_n have_v need_n look_v about_o they_o since_o the_o people_n may_v make_v up_o such_o a_o pretence_n for_o aught_o i_o know_v even_o against_o the_o very_o best_a of_o they_o that_o be_v now_o regnant_n in_o europe_n but_o sure_o absolute_a monarch_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v out_v of_o their_o crown_n by_o strain_a consequence_n or_o force_a interpretation_n of_o law_n therefore_o pray_v show_v i_o this_o original_a contract_n you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o and_o those_o condition_n on_o which_o you_o suppose_v our_o limit_a monarch_n hold_v their_o crown_n i_o confess_v if_o you_o can_v show_v i_o any_o clause_n in_o our_o law_n or_o ancient_a form_n of_o the_o coronation_n of_o our_o king_n as_o there_o be_v at_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n wherein_o the_o chief_a justice_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n plain_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o make_v he_o king_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o will_v have_v more_o power_n than_o himself_o or_o that_o in_o the_o confer_v of_o the_o regal_a power_n it_o be_v express_o reserve_v in_o what_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o they_o to_o resist_v the_o king_n or_o to_o absolve_v his_o subject_n from_o their_o allegiance_n as_o bodin_n tell_v we_o it_o be_v express_o insert_v in_o the_o coronation_n oath_n of_o henry_n ii_o duke_n of_o anjou_n afterward_o king_n of_o france_n when_o he_o be_v make_v king_n of_o poland_n that_o if_o he_o break_v his_o oath_n and_o violate_v the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o nobility_n of_o poland_n than_o the_o people_n of_o that_o kingdom_n shall_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o render_v he_o any_o obedience_n i_o grant_v then_o that_o the_o liberty_n of_o such_o a_o people_n may_v be_v preserve_v but_o the_o king_n that_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o regal_a power_n upon_o such_o condition_n will_v not_o be_v proper_o a_o monarch_n but_o liable_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o his_o people_n whenever_o he_o real_o do_v or_o that_o they_o imagine_v he_o have_v thus_o violate_v their_o law_n since_o the_o supreme_a authority_n will_v still_o reside_v in_o they_o but_o indeed_o the_o case_n god_n be_v thank_v be_v much_o otherwise_o with_o our_o monarch_n who_o be_v king_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n whether_o ever_o they_o take_v any_o coronation_n oath_n or_o not_o as_o k._n edward_n the_o first_o be_v whilst_o he_o be_v in_o the_o holy_a land_n almost_o two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v come_v over_o to_o be_v crown_v and_o k._n henry_n the_o six_o be_v not_o crown_v till_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o well_o as_o of_o his_o age._n but_o that_o our_o king_n be_v so_o by_o inheritance_n and_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n previous_a to_o any_o coronation_n oath_n or_o consent_v of_o the_o people_n be_v express_o declare_v by_o the_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o k._n james_n i._o and_o that_o treason_n can_v be_v commit_v against_o he_o before_o he_o be_v crown_v sir_n edward_n cook_n tell_v we_o in_o calvin_n case_n rep._n be_v the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o plot_n wherein_o watson_n and_o clerk_n the_o priest_n be_v execute_v and_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n condemn_v so_o that_o what_o you_o have_v now_o urge_v from_o reason_n or_o authority_n of_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n be_v either_o quite_o mistake_v or_o else_o do_v not_o reach_v the_o matter_n in_o hand_n that_o it_o can_v be_v make_v out_o from_o reason_n be_v plain_a since_o your_o whole_a argument_n be_v build_v upon_o this_o false_a foundation_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a in_o some_o case_n to_o resist_v the_o king_n in_o case_n of_o a_o notorious_a breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a also_o to_o declare_v he_o to_o have_v forfeit_v his_o crown_n if_o he_o persist_v in_o this_o violation_n whereas_o i_o deny_v your_o assumption_n for_o i_o hold_v it_o utter_o unlawful_a to_o resist_v on_o any_o pretence_n or_o for_o any_o cause_n whatsoever_o and_o therefore_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o the_o king_n who_o as_o i_o say_v but_o now_o be_v a_o absolute_a unconditioned_a monarch_n to_o forfeit_v his_o crown_n for_o any_o such_o violation_n of_o your_o original_a contract_n or_o fundamental_a law_n of_o government_n so_o that_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o citation_n you_o have_v bring_v out_o of_o history_n as_o also_o bracton_n and_o fleta_n do_v not_o prove_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o these_o for_o first_o as_o to_o the_o clause_n in_o king_n john_n charter_n concern_v resistance_n and_o the_o baron_n have_v a_o power_n thereby_o to_o constrain_v the_o king_n to_o amend_v his_o violation_n of_o it_o by_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o return_v to_o their_o former_a allegiance_n till_o all_o be_v redress_v make_v the_o most_o of_o it_o it_o can_v be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o particular_a concession_n for_o himself_o alone_o and_o be_v not_o intend_v to_o reach_v his_o successor_n who_o be_v not_o at_o all_o mention_v in_o this_o clause_n and_o that_o it_o be_v never_o intend_v to_o reach_v they_o may_v further_o appear_v because_o that_o this_o clause_n of_o resistance_n be_v omit_v out_o of_o all_o the_o subsequent_a great_a charter_n that_o be_v grant_v by_o henry_n the_o iii_o or_o his_o son_n edward_n the_o i._o and_o instead_o of_o this_o 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have_v make_v use_n of_o to_o wit_n rex_fw-la habet_fw-la superiorem_fw-la legem_fw-la &_o curiam_fw-la svam_fw-la viz._n comites_fw-la &_o barones_n &c._n &c._n who_o ought_v if_o he_o transgress_v the_o law_n to_o put_v a_o bridle_n upon_o he_o yet_o by_o this_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v neither_o bracton_n nor_o fleta_n can_v mean_v any_o co-active_a â—orce_n but_o only_o a_o moral_a restraint_n upon_o the_o king_n by_o petition_n remonstrance_n or_o denial_n of_o aid_n till_o he_o will_v be_v reform_v by_o fair_a mean_n but_o that_o it_o do_v not_o go_v far_o appear_v by_o the_o parallel_v bracton_n there_o make_v between_o our_o saviour_n christ_n and_o the_o virgin_n mary_n who_o be_v both_o free_a from_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n yet_o voluntary_o choose_v to_o be_v obedient_a to_o it_o which_o sufficient_o prove_v that_o those_o author_n never_o design_v that_o the_o parliament_n shall_v oblige_v the_o king_n by_o force_n or_o whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o to_o amend_v 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he_o to_o do_v other_o work_n than_o what_o be_v agree_v upon_o between_o they_o or_o instead_o of_o a_o hire_a servant_n will_v make_v he_o his_o absolute_a slave_n in_o these_o case_n no_o man_n can_v doubt_v but_o by_o this_o unjust_a treatment_n of_o the_o master_n the_o servant_n be_v discharge_v of_o his_o service_n and_o may_v go_v whether_o he_o please_v and_o of_o these_o action_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v at_o our_o first_o meeting_n the_o party_n injure_v be_v they_o wife_n or_o servant_n must_v be_v the_o only_a judge_n in_o the_o state_n of_o nature_n where_o there_o be_v no_o civil_a power_n over_o they_o or_o else_o if_o the_o husband_n or_o master_n shall_v judge_v for_o himself_o the_o wife_n or_o servant_n be_v never_o like_a to_o get_v any_o redress_n apply_v this_o to_o the_o case_n of_o a_o limit_a or_o conditional_a king_n and_o his_o subject_n and_o see_v if_o it_o be_v not_o absolute_o the_o same_o upon_o the_o total_a breach_n of_o the_o original_a 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thing_n be_v consider_v it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o the_o judge_n and_o clerk_n of_o parliament_n who_o be_v in_o those_o day_n entrust_v with_o the_o draw_v up_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v great_a master_n of_o the_o french_a than_o latin_a tongue_n choose_v rather_o to_o draw_v they_o up_o in_o the_o former_a and_o thus_o it_o continue_v until_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o when_o our_o statute_n begin_v first_o to_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o enroll_v in_o english_a m_o i_o confess_v you_o have_v give_v i_o a_o great_a light_n in_o this_o matter_n than_o i_o have_v before_o yet_o i_o suppose_v you_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o tenure_n of_o knight_n service_n with_o those_o clog_n that_o belong_v to_o it_o of_o wardship_n marriage_n and_o relief_n be_v all_o derive_v from_o the_o norman_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o grand_a customer_n of_o normandy_n which_o i_o have_v already_o mention_v so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o all_o these_o be_v now_o take_v away_o 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as_o for_o any_o love_n or_o respect_v which_o be_v ancient_o pay_v by_o the_o heir_n how_o can_v there_o be_v any_o such_o thing_n since_o the_o king_n grant_v away_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o heir_n and_o his_o land_n to_o person_n who_o for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v a_o mere_a prey_n of_o they_o so_o that_o they_o be_v often_o marry_v against_o their_o consent_n and_o their_o estate_n be_v deliver_v to_o they_o waste_v and_o spoil_v beside_o also_o what_o be_v exact_v from_o they_o for_o relief_n and_o ouster_n lismaine_v we_o need_v not_o wonder_v if_o it_o be_v rather_o a_o cause_n of_o secret_a discontent_n and_o hatred_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n than_o otherwise_o and_o therefore_o i_o can_v think_v it_o be_v not_o so_o unpolitick_o do_v by_o the_o king_n to_o render_v himself_o gracious_a and_o acceptable_a to_o his_o people_n upon_o his_o return_n to_o grant_v their_o request_n and_o pass_v that_o act_n for_o take_v away_o ward_n and_o livery_n and_o to_o accept_v of_o a_o revenue_n by_o excise_n of_o treble_a the_o value_n in_o stead_n of_o it_o but_o to_o come_v to_o the_o original_a of_o knight_n service_n itself_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o norman_n since_o we_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v thane_n land_n in_o england_n which_o be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n and_o that_o by_o knight_n service_n before_o king_n william_n come_v over_o and_o there_o be_v also_o middle_a thanes_z who_o hold_v of_o those_o lord_n above_o they_o by_o the_o like_a service_n insomuch_o that_o in_o the_o law_n of_o k._n knutâ—_n there_o be_v one_o concern_v the_o heriot_n 69._o which_o a_o earl_n the_o king_n thane_n as_o well_o as_o inferior_a thanes_z be_v to_o pay_v not_o only_o to_o the_o king_n but_o to_o other_o inferior_a lord_n which_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o as_o be_v afterward_o reserve_v by_o the_o law_n of_o k._n edward_n the_o confessor_n confirm_v by_o k._n william_n as_o you_o will_v find_v they_o in_o ingulph_n only_o there_o be_v no_o gold_n reserve_v but_o only_a horse_n and_o arm_n whereas_o by_o the_o law_n of_o k._n knute_n each_o e._n be_v to_o pay_v two_o hundred_o manenses_n of_o gold_n each_o king_n thane_n fifty_o and_o each_o inferior_a thane_n two_o pound_n only_a note_n that_o he_o who_o be_v call_v e._n in_o k._n knutes_n law_n be_v call_v a_o count_n in_o these_o the_o thane_n a_o baron_n and_o the_o inferior_a thane_n a_o vavasor_n and_o that_o which_o be_v there_o call_v a_o 〈◊〉_d be_v here_o term_v a_o relief_n and_o that_o this_o tenure_n by_o knight_n service_n which_o be_v now_o call_v escuage_z or_o servitium_n scuti_fw-la be_v of_o ancient_a time_n name_v expeditio_fw-la hominum_fw-la cum_fw-la scutis_fw-la and_o be_v in_o use_n before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o dane_n 192._o be_v also_o as_o certain_a for_o sir_n e._n coke_n in_o his_o four_o inst._n tell_v we_o that_o we_o may_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o k._n kenulph_n who_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 821._o grant_v to_o the_o abbot_n of_o abbindon_n many_o manor_n and_o land_n and_o reserve_v quod_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la duodecim_fw-la virorum_fw-la cum_fw-la tantis_fw-la scutis_fw-la exerceant_fw-la antiqâ—os_fw-la pontes_fw-la &_o arces_fw-la renovent_fw-la and_o also_o he_o mention_n a_o like_a charter_n of_o k._n ethelred_n to_o a_o knight_n call_v athelâ—eâ—_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 995_o so_o that_o you_o see_v not_o only_o spiritual_a person_n and_o great_a thanes_z or_o baron_n but_o also_o knight_n hold_v land_n by_o the_o service_n of_o so_o many_o man_n before_o your_o conqueror_n and_o your_o dr._n also_o himself_o allow_v it_o for_o in_o his_o answer_n to_o mr._n p._n in_o all_o ancient_a charter_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n he_o translate_v the_o word_n fidelâ—s_v by_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la or_o military_a service_n m._n i_o will_v not_o deny_v that_o military_a fee_n be_v in_o use_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o also_o that_o the_o feudal_a law_n do_v obtain_v here_o in_o many_o thing_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o so_o far_o of_o the_o doctor_n opinion_n who_o in_o his_o gossary_a tit._n feudal_n law_n tell_v we_o the_o feudal_n law_n obtain_v to_o most_o nation_n of_o europe_n and_o in_o normandy_n be_v in_o its_o full_a vigour_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o come_n over_o of_o the_o conqueror_n 3._o but_o afterward_o grow_v more_o mild_a and_o qualify_v as_o also_o the_o tenure_n itself_o a_o perfect_a description_n of_o which_o with_o all_o its_o incident_n of_o homage_n relief_n ward_n marriage_n escuage_z aid_n etc._n etc._n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o grand_a customer_n cap._n 29.33_o 34_o 35._o and_o although_o there_o be_v military_a fief_n or_o fee_n here_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n yet_o not_o in_o such_o manner_n as_o after_o the_o conquest_n establish_v here_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n and_o according_a to_o the_o usage_n in_o normandy_n when_o as_o it_o appear_v by_o doomesday-book_n in_o every_o county_n he_o divide_v most_o if_o not_o all_o the_o land_n of_o england_n among_o his_o norman_n and_o follower_n now_o that_o this_o custom_n of_o wardship_n be_v whole_o derive_v from_o the_o norman_a conquest_n you_o shall_v find_v in_o sir_n e._n cook_n four_o institutes_n in_o the_o same_o chapter_n you_o last_o cite_v 193._o as_o you_o may_v here_o read_v you_o have_v hear_v before_o de_fw-la regali_fw-la servitio_fw-la before_o the_o conquest_n but_o that_o regalâ—_n servicium_fw-la which_o be_v knight_n service_n draw_v unto_o it_o relief_n but_o neither_o wardship_n of_o the_o body_n or_o of_o the_o land_n as_o have_v be_v say_v it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o conqueror_n in_o respect_n of_o that_o royal_a service_n as_o a_o badge_n of_o the_o conquest_n take_v the_o wardship_n of_o the_o land_n and_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o
quantity_n of_o pamphlet_n that_o have_v be_v write_v upon_o these_o subject_n as_o also_o that_o such_o as_o have_v peruse_v they_o may_v find_v together_o in_o this_o and_o the_o follow_a discourse_n all_o that_o have_v be_v urge_v on_o the_o one_o side_n or_o other_o upon_o these_o important_a subject_n and_o since_o the_o great_a number_n of_o treatise_n of_o this_o kind_n have_v rather_o serve_v to_o confound_v than_o instruct_v ordinary_a reader_n i_o resolve_v to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o word_n of_o very_a few_o of_o they_o only_o to_o take_v the_o chief_a and_o strong_a argument_n on_o either_o side_n and_o fair_o to_o represent_v they_o at_o once_o to_o the_o reader_n view_v who_o i_o hope_n have_v the_o discretion_n to_o judge_v which_o be_v best_a since_o i_o declare_v i_o write_v for_o no_o party_n but_o pure_o for_o truth_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v now_o and_o shall_v still_o endeavour_v to_o avoid_v all_o personal_a reflection_n in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o the_o ensue_a dialogue_n not_o only_o on_o their_o present_a majesty_n but_o also_o on_o king_n james_n since_o i_o remember_v he_o be_v a_o crown_a head_n and_o be_v still_o the_o father_n of_o our_o illustrious_a queen_n let_v his_o fail_n have_v be_v what_o they_o will_n but_o i_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v not_o be_v scandalize_v if_o i_o have_v so_o far_o follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o able_a divine_n as_o well_o as_o lawyer_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n in_o make_v one_o of_o the_o party_n in_o this_o dialogue_n assert_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n we_o the_o only_a just_a and_o natural_a mean_n of_o confer_v a_o just_a right_n to_o civil_a power_n since_o the_o learned_a mr._n hooker_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n lay_v it_o down_o as_o a_o principle_n 70._o that_o in_o every_o politic_a societyâ—â—â—t_n be_v impossible_a that_o any_o shall_v have_v complete_a lawful_a powâ—â—_n buâ—â—y_v the_o consent_n of_o man_n or_o the_o immediate_a appointment_n of_o god_n and_o chancellor_n fortescue_n in_o his_o discourse_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la legum_n angliae_fw-la 12_o and_o 13._o chapter_n suppose_v all_o kingly_a â—ower_n as_o well_o what_o be_v absolute_a as_o that_o which_o be_v politic_a or_o limit_v by_o law_n to_o have_v proceed_v at_o first_o from_o the_o people_n consent_n not_o that_o the_o power_n itself_o be_v otherwise_o than_o from_o god_n only_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o the_o people_n as_o a_o instrument_n whereby_o to_o convey_v it_o and_o i_o hope_v none_o of_o those_o who_o be_v still_o for_o king_n james_n interest_n will_v be_v offend_v at_o this_o doctrine_n since_o those_o that_o have_v write_v with_o the_o great_a judgement_n for_o his_o absolute_a indefeasible_a title_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v place_v it_o in_o his_o legal_a right_n to_o it_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n which_o all_o must_v own_v can_v not_o have_v be_v make_v without_o the_o people_n consent_n i_o have_v but_o one_o thing_n more_o to_o desire_v of_o you_o which_o be_v your_o patience_n and_o attention_n if_o some_o of_o the_o speech_n in_o this_o dialogue_n be_v long_o than_o ordinary_a since_o they_o be_v upon_o subject_n that_o will_v not_o well_o bear_v interruption_n and_o to_o tell_v you_o far_o the_o press_n stay_v for_o the_o sheet_n i_o have_v not_o time_n to_o make_v they_o short_a the_o eleven_o dialogue_n between_o mr._n meanwell_n a_o civilian_n and_o mr._n freeman_n a_o gentleman_n f._n dear_o sir_n you_o be_v welcome_a to_o town_n you_o have_v be_v absent_a a_o long_a time_n and_o indeed_o i_o wonder_v how_o you_o can_v stay_v away_o so_o long_o when_o such_o greaâ—_n thing_n as_o the_o king_n to_o have_v abdicate_v and_o place_v his_o son_n and_o daughter_n in_o the_o throne_n have_v be_v transact_v m._n i_o thank_v you_o kind_o sir_n but_o yet_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o i_o have_v be_v so_o little_o satisfy_v with_o what_o your_o convention_n have_v do_v in_o these_o matter_n that_o the_o very_a hear_n of_o it_o have_v be_v a_o great_a affliction_n to_o i_o and_o it_o will_v have_v certain_o be_v a_o much_o great_a have_v i_o be_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o see_v such_o horrid_a thing_n as_o the_o deposition_n of_o a_o king_n the_o disinherit_n of_o his_o right_a heir_n and_o the_o set_n up_o the_o prince_n and_o princess_n of_o orange_n who_o certain_o can_v have_v no_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o long_a 〈◊〉_d the_o king_n live_v nor_o yet_o after_o his_o death_n as_o long_o as_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n be_v in_o be_v f._n i_o confess_v these_o be_v very_o high_a charge_n if_o they_o will_v hold_v but_o if_o you_o please_v to_o consider_v the_o hypothesis_n i_o propose_v at_o our_o last_o meeting_n that_o the_o king_n have_v by_o breach_n of_o the_o original_a contract_n make_v between_o his_o ancestor_n and_o predecessor_n and_o the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n to_o observe_v the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n forfeit_v his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n all_o that_o have_v be_v do_v in_o this_o great_a affair_n i_o suppose_v may_v be_v very_o well_o maintain_v and_o justify_v from_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o thing_n and_o of_o maintain_v the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n and_o therefore_o pray_v give_v i_o leave_v to_o put_v you_o in_o mind_n how_o far_o i_o have_v proceed_v in_o the_o pâ—ooâ—_n of_o this_o assertion_n first_o i_o have_v make_v out_o that_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realâ—_n be_v not_o the_o sole_a supreme_a power_n thereof_o neither_o ever_o be_v so_o from_o the_o very_a institution_n of_o kingly_a government_n in_o this_o island_n second_o i_o have_v also_o prove_v that_o the_o king_n not_o have_v the_o sole_a power_n must_v hold_v that_o share_n thereof_o which_o he_o enjoy_v upon_o this_o imply_v or_o tacit_n condition_n that_o if_o he_o usurp_v what_o do_v not_o belong_v to_o he_o and_o the_o people_n do_v assert_v their_o right_n by_o oppose_v his_o unjust_a violence_n and_o usurpation_n and_o that_o he_o still_o obstinate_o persist_v in_o this_o violation_n he_o certain_o thereby_o lose_v and_o forfeit_v not_o only_o that_o part_n of_o the_o power_n which_o he_o so_o unjust_o usurp_v but_o also_o his_o own_o too_o and_o for_o this_o i_o give_v you_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o learned_a grotius_n at_o our_o last_o meet_v three_o i_o have_v also_o answer_v your_o main_a argument_n of_o king_n william_n the_o conqueror_n obtain_v by_o the_o sword_n and_o conquest_n of_o king_n harold_n a_o absolute_a right_n and_o unconditioned_a power_n foâ—_n himself_o and_o his_o successorâ—_n descend_v from_o he_o over_o the_o people_n of_o this_o kingdom_n for_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o make_v out_o that_o king_n william_n have_v no_o other_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n than_o by_o the_o testament_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n and_o the_o eâ—ection_n and_o recognition_n of_o the_o people_n and_o this_o i_o have_v prove_v from_o the_o unexceptionable_a authority_n of_o the_o best_a historian_n of_o that_o time_n so_o that_o if_o he_o afterward_o act_v otherwise_o and_o contrary_a to_o his_o coronation_n oath_n it_o be_v not_o as_o a_o lawful_a king_n but_o as_o a_o tyrant_n and_o a_o usurper_n on_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n and_o can_v not_o by_o his_o own_o unjust_a act_n acquire_v any_o lawful_a power_n so_o to_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o whatever_o title_n king_n william_n or_o his_o successor_n can_v pretend_v to_o it_o must_v be_v by_o virtue_n of_o the_o election_n of_o the_o first_o king_n of_o the_o saxon_a line_n from_o who_o all_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o henry_n y._n be_v descend_v and_o consequent_o aâ—e_v oblige_v to_o hold_v the_o crown_n under_o the_o same_o condition_n on_o which_o it_o be_v first_o confer_v and_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o ever_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n i._o the_o crown_n have_v be_v no_o long_o claim_v by_o election_n but_o by_o succession_n of_o he_o that_o real_o be_v or_o else_o be_v presume_v to_o be_v the_o right_a heir_n yet_o this_o different_a way_n of_o acquire_v the_o crown_n do_v not_o at_o all_o alter_v the_o condition_n or_o manner_n of_o hold_v it_o sâ—â—e_z ouâ—_n king_n have_v always_o after_o that_o time_n as_o before_o be_v tie_v to_o the_o same_o or_o rather_o â—â—â—cter_n terâ—â—_n in_o their_o coronation_n oath_n to_o observe_v and_o keep_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o also_o that_o the_o power_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o parliament_n make_v law_n raise_v tax_n and_o redress_v of_o grievance_n arise_v 〈◊〉_d the_o unjust_a exercise_n and_o illegal_a encroachment_n of_o the_o king_n prerogative_n have_v be_v exert_v
act_n be_v declare_v absolute_o void_a yet_o the_o say_a lord_n chief_a justice_n likewise_o prove_v that_o this_o clause_n of_o nonobstante_a be_v void_a and_o he_o make_v this_o out_o not_o only_o from_o constant_a practice_n in_o other_o statute_n of_o like_a nature_n but_o also_o from_o the_o opinion_n of_o plowden_n and_o the_o say_a lord_n cook_n 8._o first_o as_o to_o the_o statute_n there_o be_v a_o statute_n of_o the_o 23._o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v sheriff_n for_o above_o a_o year_n 2._o that_o all_o letter_n patent_n make_v for_o year_n or_o life_n shall_v be_v void_a 3._o that_o no_o nonobstante_a shall_v make_v they_o good_a which_o show_v that_o the_o parliament_n think_v the_o king_n can_v otherwise_o have_v dispense_v with_o this_o act_n by_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la there_o be_v likewise_o in_o this_o act_n a_o penalty_n of_o 200_o l._n and_o the_o party_n be_v also_o disable_v from_o bear_v the_o office_n of_o sheriff_n in_o any_o county_n of_o england_n and_o also_o every_o pardon_n for_o such_o offence_n shall_v be_v void_a so_o that_o in_o all_o respect_v this_o statute_n answer_v that_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o ii_o now_o in_o dispute_n only_o in_o this_o the_o penalty_n to_o the_o prosecutor_n be_v high_a viz._n 500_o l._n and_o the_o disability_n be_v not_o only_o from_o hold_v that_o office_n but_o any_o other_o whatsoever_o for_o the_o future_a and_o yet_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o the_o second_o of_o henry_n the_o vii_o in_o the_o exchequer_n chamber_n m._n upon_o the_o king_n power_n of_o dispense_v with_o this_o statute_n of_o the_o 23._o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o that_o the_o king_n dispensation_n with_o that_o statute_n be_v good_a and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v hold_v ever_o since_o for_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o the_o king_n have_v not_o only_o exercise_v this_o prerogative_n of_o dispense_v with_o this_o statute_n for_o divers_a sheriff_n hold_v more_o than_o a_o year_n but_o have_v also_o grant_v this_o office_n for_o life_n aâ—_n appear_v by_o the_o same_o case_n cite_v by_o plowden_n in_o his_o commentary_n between_o grendon_n 502._o and_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n where_o he_o express_o say_v that_o notwithstanding_o this_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o vi_o the_o king_n grant_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o northumberland_n to_o be_v sheriff_n during_o life_n aught_o to_o have_v a_o clause_n of_o nonobstante_a because_o of_o the_o precise_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n before_o mention_v and_o with_o such_o a_o clause_n of_o nonobstante_a the_o patent_n to_o the_o earl_n be_v good_a but_o yet_o my_o lord_n cook_n be_v more_o express_a in_o his_o opinion_n concern_v these_o dispensation_n 18._o for_o in_o his_o twelve_o report_n he_o have_v these_o word_n no_o act_n can_v bind_v the_o king_n from_o any_o prerogative_n which_o be_v sole_a and_o inseparable_a to_o his_o person_n but_o that_o he_o may_v dispense_v with_o it_o by_o 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no_o welshman_n shall_v be_v justice_n chamberlain_z etc._n etc._n nor_o any_o other_o officer_n whatsoever_o in_o any_o part_n of_o walts_n notwithstanding_o any_o patent_n make_v to_o the_o contrary_a with_o clause_n of_o nonobstante_a licet_fw-la sit_fw-la wallicus_fw-la natus_fw-la and_o yet_o without_o question_n the_o king_n may_v grant_v those_o now_o office_n to_o welshman_n with_o a_o non_fw-la obstante_fw-la and_o the_o say_a lord_n cook_n in_o calvin_n case_n tell_v we_o 14._o that_o the_o same_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n viz._n in_o 2._o of_o hen._n vii_o that_o every_o subject_a be_v by_o his_o natural_a allegiance_n bind_v to_o serve_v and_o obey_v his_o sovereign_n etc._n etc._n and_o he_o then_o proceed_v to_o recite_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23._o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o and_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n above_o mention_v and_o give_v we_o this_o reason_n for_o it_o for_o that_o the_o act_n can_v not_o bar_v the_o king_n of_o the_o service_n of_o his_o subject_n which_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n do_v give_v unto_o he_o this_o be_v there_o report_v as_o the_o sense_n of_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n in_o king_n james_n his_o time_n and_o therefore_o since_o this_o have_v be_v ever_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n and_o a_o constant_a prerogative_n exercise_v by_o the_o king_n ever_o since_o i_o desire_v you_o will_v show_v i_o any_o difference_n why_o the_o king_n dispensation_n to_o a_o sheriff_n shall_v be_v good_a for_o the_o hold_n of_o his_o office_n for_o above_o a_o year_n norwithstand_v the_o statute_n of_o henry_n the_o vi_o and_o yet_o a_o dispensation_n for_o the_o take_n or_o hold_v any_o office_n or_o command_n civil_a or_o military_a without_o take_v the_o oath_n and_o test_n appoint_v by_o the_o 25._o of_o charles_n the_o ii_o shall_v be_v declare_v a_o breach_n of_o our_o fundamental_a law_n for_o i_o can_v see_v no_o manner_n of_o difference_n between_o they_o since_o their_o 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statute_n of_o provisor_n and_o praemunire_n and_o i_o can_v show_v you_o from_o divers_a record_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n ii_o henry_n iu_o and_o henry_n v._o that_o they_o never_o intrude_v the_o crown_n with_o a_o absolute_a power_n of_o dispense_v with_o those_o statute_n but_o only_o for_o a_o time_n as_o till_o the_o next_o parliament_n or_o long_o as_o they_o think_v fit_a but_o since_o i_o have_v not_o now_o so_o much_o time_n to_o give_v you_o so_o many_o precedent_n at_o length_n i_o shall_v only_o tell_v you_o that_o as_o to_o the_o main_a instance_n you_o rely_v upon_o viz._n the_o king_n dispense_v with_o the_o statute_n of_o sheriff_n that_o at_o first_o it_o be_v not_o take_v for_o law_n appear_v by_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n as_o in_o 28._o of_o henry_n the_o vi_o whereby_o those_o sheriff_n that_o have_v hold_v their_o office_n for_o more_o than_o a_o year_n be_v pardon_v likewise_o in_o the_o act_n of_o edw._n iu._n there_o be_v 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crown_n yet_o the_o pretend_a hereditary_a right_n of_o blood_n be_v the_o main_a ground_n of_o his_o establishment_n but_o as_o for_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o the_o though_o he_o can_v claim_v the_o crown_n by_o no_o true_a right_n of_o inheritance_n yet_o will_v he_o never_o own_v it_o to_o be_v a_o election_n by_o parliament_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o king_n richard_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n of_o bosworth_n the_o lord_n stanley_n put_v his_o crown_n upon_o henry_n head_n who_o immediate_o still_v himself_o king_n seven_o as_o well_o by_o right_a of_o conquest_n as_o by_o be_v sole_a heir_n male_a of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n he_o as_o such_o cause_v himself_o to_o be_v crown_v king_n and_o though_o he_o afterward_o call_v a_o parliament_n in_o which_o he_o procure_v his_o title_n to_o be_v recognise_v 7._o yet_o as_o my_o lord_n bacon_n very_o well_o observe_v he_o be_v afraid_a to_o take_v the_o crown_n by_o his_o only_a true_a title_n in_o right_a of_o the_o lady_n 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and_o call_v a_o parliament_n and_o have_v his_o title_n therein_o recognize_v and_o confirm_v be_v thenceforth_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n to_o all_o intent_n and_o purpose_n therefore_o though_o you_o have_v omit_v it_o i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o show_v you_o what_o this_o statute_n also_o far_a declare_v for_o after_o they_o have_v declare_v the_o say_v king_n title_n as_o ground_v upon_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o laudable_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o all_o such_o person_n as_o be_v learn_v in_o they_o they_o proceed_v thus_o yet_o nevertheless_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v not_o sufficient_o learn_v in_o the_o aforesaid_a law_n and_o custom_n whereby_o truth_n and_o right_n in_o his_o behalf_n of_o likelihood_n may_v be_v have_v and_o not_o clear_o know_v to_o all_o people_n and_o thereupon_o put_v in_o doubt_n and_o question_n and_o over_o this_o how_o that_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n be_v of_o such_o authority_n that_o a_o declaration_n make_v by_o the_o three_o estate_n and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o make_v before_o all_o other_o thing_n most_o faithful_a and_o certain_a quiet_v of_o man_n mind_n and_o remove_v the_o occasion_n of_o doubt_n and_o seditious_a language_n therefore_o they_o also_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v the_o undoubted_a king_n whence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o law_n suppose_v that_o the_o subject_n in_o general_n be_v not_o capable_a of_o understand_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n upon_o which_o the_o title_n of_o our_o king_n depend_v and_o that_o the_o best_a satisfaction_n that_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o people_n can_v possible_o have_v in_o those_o high_a matter_n be_v to_o rest_v on_o the_o judgement_n and_o determination_n of_o the_o kingdom_n declare_v by_o act_n and_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o therein_o to_o acquiesce_v for_o the_o prevent_a sedition_n so_o much_o as_o in_o language_n therefore_o what_o i_o say_v before_o in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n stephen_n be_v also_o true_a in_o this_o quod_fw-la fieri_fw-la non_fw-la debuit_fw-la factum_fw-la valet_fw-la and_o all_o the_o act_n make_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o this_o king_n richard_n though_o â—_o horrid_a usurper_n be_v never_o repeal_v but_o stand_v good_a at_o this_o day_n as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o this_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v also_o true_a but_o as_o for_o his_o title_n to_o it_o by_o right_a of_o succession_n that_o be_v certain_o false_a for_o his_o mother_n the_o countess_n of_o richmond_n be_v then_o alive_a by_o who_o he_o claim_v the_o crown_n and_o live_v divers_a year_n after_o he_o be_v king_n so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o it_o be_v recite_v in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n that_o he_o claim_v the_o crown_n in_o parliament_n vii_o tam_fw-la per_fw-la justum_fw-la titulum_fw-la haereditantiae_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la verum_fw-la dei_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_fw-la tribuendo_fw-la sibi_fw-la victoriam_fw-la de_fw-la inimico_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o campo_fw-it though_o the_o latter_a of_o these_o title_n may_v be_v true_a viz._n the_o conquest_n of_o king_n richard_n especial_o when_o once_o he_o be_v confirm_v and_o recognize_v in_o parliament_n yet_o that_o the_o former_a can_v not_o be_v so_o be_v plain_a from_o what_o i_o have_v now_o say_v so_o that_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o this_o best_a title_n be_v neither_o by_o inheritance_n nor_o marriage_n with_o the_o princess_n elizabeth_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o unprint_v statute_n itself_o still_o upon_o the_o roll_n which_o since_o you_o do_v not_o repeat_v d._n i_o will_v the_o title_n be_v titulus_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o it_o run_v in_o these_o word_n to_o the_o pleasure_n of_o almighty_n god_n the_o wealth_n prosperity_n and_o surety_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n to_o the_o singular_a comfort_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o the_o same_o and_o in_o avoid_v of_o all_o ambiguity_n and_o question_n be_v it_o ordain_v establish_v and_o enact_v by_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o of_o france_n with_o all_o the_o preeminence_n and_o dignity_n royal_a to_o the_o same_o pertain_v and_o all_o other_o seignoury_n to_o the_o king_n belong_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n thereto_o in_o any_o wise_a due_a or_o pertain_v be_v rest_n remain_z and_o abide_v in_o the_o most_o royal_a person_n of_o our_o now_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n henry_n the_o vii_o the_o and_o in_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o come_v perpetual_o with_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n so_o to_o endure_v and_o in_o none_o
the_o power_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n i_o be_o very_a well_o satisfy_v that_o such_o a_o declaration_n must_v be_v void_a in_o itself_o since_o i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o law_n of_o succession_n ever_o settle_v by_o any_o general_a custom_n or_o common_a law_n since_o it_o have_v be_v near_o as_o often_o break_v as_o observe_v and_o as_o for_o any_o positive_a or_o statute-law_n enact_v any_o hereditary_a right_n of_o succession_n you_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o pretend_v to_o show_v it_o so_o that_o i_o think_v i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v the_o three_o proposition_n i_o lay_v down_o viz._n that_o ever_o since_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o though_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v claim_v by_o right_a of_o blood_n yet_o have_v it_o not_o be_v very_o often_o enjoy_v by_o prince_n who_o have_v no_o just_a pretence_n to_o that_o title_n second_o that_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n have_v often_o notwithstanding_o 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and_o king_n james_n the_o ist._n whereby_o they_o be_v declare_v both_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o man_n undoubted_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o the_o last_o act_n i_o cite_v viz._n that_o of_o king_n james_n the_o ist._n do_v sufficient_o confute_v your_o notion_n of_o a_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n where_o it_o be_v express_o declare_v that_o immediate_o upon_o the_o decease_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n the_o crown_n of_o england_n with_o all_o the_o dominion_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o do_v by_o inherent_a birthright_n and_o lawful_a and_o undoubted_a succession_n descend_v and_o come_v to_o his_o majesty_n king_n james._n so_o that_o if_o there_o then_o be_v no_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n i_o can_v see_v how_o there_o can_v be_v any_o such_o thing_n now_o the_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v he_o who_o they_o will_v be_v certain_o not_o so_o far_o remove_v from_o king_n james_n the_o ist._n as_o himself_o be_v from_o king_n henry_n the_o viith_o under_o 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than_o what_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n have_v confer_v upon_o they_o and_o therefore_o you_o yourself_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o it_o be_v gross_a flattery_n in_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n to_o declare_v that_o richard_n the_o iiid_v forexample_n have_v a_o true_a and_o undoubted_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n and_o also_o by_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n when_o you_o know_v he_o be_v a_o notorious_a usurper_n upon_o the_o right_n of_o his_o brother_n king_n edward_n child_n now_o how_o can_v i_o be_v assure_v that_o the_o like_a declaration_n make_v to_o kâ—ng_n james_n the_o i._o be_v not_o likewise_o a_o piece_n of_o courtship_n of_o the_o representative_a of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o this_o king_n then_o new_o settle_v in_o his_o throne_n since_o we_o find_v the_o people_n of_o this_o nation_n when_o they_o be_v in_o a_o kind_a fit_a never_o think_v they_o can_v say_v or_o do_v too_o much_o for_o their_o prince_n and_o therefore_o i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o the_o bare_a declaration_n of_o a_o parliament_n that_o this_o or_o that_o have_v be_v always_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n when_o we_o can_v find_v from_o history_n that_o it_o have_v never_o be_v so_o hold_v for_o above_o four_o hundred_o year_n at_o least_o and_o therefore_o not_o beyond_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n as_o you_o suppose_v since_o that_o must_v be_v before_o the_o reign_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o as_o i_o have_v already_o prove_v to_o you_o at_o our_o eight_o meet_v but_o to_o answer_v your_o objection_n against_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n i_o do_v free_o grant_v that_o aâ—_n often_o â—s_v the_o crown_n descend_v by_o lineal_a succession_n there_o can_v be_v no_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n as_o it_o do_v in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o yet_o do_v it_o not_o therefore_o follow_v that_o there_o can_v never_o be_v any_o such_o vacancy_n in_o any_o case_n whatsoever_o since_o certain_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o all_o the_o heir_n male_a of_o the_o blood-royal_a may_v fail_v as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o case_n of_o scotland_n when_o john_n balliol_n and_o robert_n bruce_n contend_v for_o the_o crown_n which_o not_o be_v to_o be_v decide_v by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v force_v to_o refer_v it_o to_o our_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o as_o also_o happen_v in_o france_n when_o philip_n of_o valois_n and_o our_o edward_n the_o iii_o d_o both_o claim_v the_o crown_n which_o be_v decide_v by_o a_o great_a assembly_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o france_n in_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o former_a who_o claim_v as_o heir_n of_o the_o male_a line_n against_o king_n edward_n who_o be_v descend_v by_o a_o woman_n and_o if_o king_n james_n abdication_n or_o forfeiture_n call_v it_o which_o you_o will_v be_v good_a pray_v give_v i_o a_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o the_o convention_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o england_n shall_v not_o have_v as_o much_o authority_n as_o those_o of_o france_n or_o scotland_n this_o be_v as_o much_o or_o more_o a_o limit_a kingdom_n thau_fw-fr either_o of_o the_o other_o ever_o be_v m._n i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o but_o pray_v show_v i_o any_o sufficient_a reason_n why_o the_o convention_n shall_v now_o vote_n a_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n since_o there_o be_v certain_o a_o heir_n apparent_a not_o long_o since_o in_o england_n and_o i_o hope_n be_v now_o safe_a in_o france_n who_o ought_v to_o fill_v it_o or_o at_o least_o there_o shall_v have_v be_v some_o sufficient_a cause_n allege_v against_o he_o to_o prove_v that_o he_o be_v not_o true_a son_n either_o of_o the_o king_n or_o queen_n and_o till_o this_o be_v do_v they_o can_v not_o with_o any_o right_a or_o good_a conscience_n place_v any_o other_o relation_n of_o he_o in_o the_o throne_n since_o every_o person_n ought_v to_o be_v esteem_v the_o son_n of_o that_o father_n and_o mother_n that_o public_o own_v he_o for_o such_o for_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o our_o as_o well_o as_o your_o law_n filiatio_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la probari_fw-la f._n how_o this_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o first_o declare_v the_o throne_n vacant_a i_o can_v apprehend_v for_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v that_o there_o have_v be_v great_a doubt_n and_o suspicion_n of_o the_o realty_n of_o this_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o therefore_o that_o be_v one_o great_a reason_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n come_v over_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o child_n whether_o he_o be_v real_o bear_v of_o the_o of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o q._n be_v first_o to_o be_v examine_v and_o determine_v before_o he_o can_v be_v declare_v k._n of_o england_n in_o the_o
the_o nation_n from_o his_o oppression_n though_o the_o prince_n be_v please_v to_o accept_v it_o upon_o those_o term_n express_v in_o the_o late_a declaration_n of_o the_o convention_n and_o upon_o his_o free_a promise_n to_o preserve_v preserve_v our_o religion_n law_n and_o liberty_n which_o he_o have_v since_o also_o confirm_v by_o his_o coronation_n oath_n but_o as_o to_o what_o you_o say_v that_o the_o prince_n make_v the_o king_n army_n desert_n he_o and_o wrought_v the_o people_n into_o hatred_n of_o his_o person_n by_o lie_a story_n and_o mean_a art_n be_v altogether_o untrue_a since_o i_o know_v of_o no_o report_n he_o make_v of_o the_o king_n or_o his_o government_n but_o what_o be_v in_o his_o first_o declaration_n and_o that_o be_v certain_o true_a in_o every_o part_n of_o it_o and_o as_o have_v be_v justify_v by_o the_o express_a declaration_n of_o the_o convention_n in_o every_o particular_a except_o that_o concern_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n which_o i_o confess_v be_v 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you_o will_v not_o allow_v the_o prince_n the_o title_n of_o our_o deliverer_n yet_o i_o be_o sure_a the_o great_a part_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n be_v once_o of_o opinion_n that_o king_n james_n violation_n both_o upon_o our_o religion_n and_o law_n be_v so_o great_a that_o nothing_o can_v preserve_v the_o kingdom_n from_o a_o total_a subversion_n in_o its_o establish_v religion_n and_o civil_a constitution_n but_o his_o highness_n come_v over_o and_o most_o of_o the_o bishop_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n who_o now_o the_o government_n be_v settle_v refuse_v to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n but_o to_o answer_v what_o you_o say_v that_o the_o manner_n of_o henry_n the_o iv_o this_o and_o henry_n the_o vii_o this_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n do_v not_o at_o all_o agree_v with_o this_o case_n of_o king_n william_n because_o they_o claim_v by_o right_a of_o blood_n which_o you_o say_v king_n 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after_o they_o be_v so_o solemn_o elect_v crown_v and_o invest_v with_o the_o royal_a power_n but_o as_o for_o edward_n iii_o his_o first_o and_o best_a title_n be_v from_o the_o election_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n who_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o if_o they_o have_v find_v he_o unworthy_a of_o the_o royal_a dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o folly_n or_o madness_n or_o tyrannical_a principle_n will_v have_v set_v he_o aside_o and_o have_v make_v his_o youngâ—â—_n brother_n king_n a_o protector_n to_o govern_v in_o the_o king_n name_n with_o royal_a power_n have_v never_o be_v know_v in_o england_n till_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o vi_o the_o but_o as_o for_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o notwithstanding_o his_o claim_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n i_o have_v already_o prove_v that_o the_o paâ—liament_n by_o their_o place_v he_o in_o the_o throne_n do_v not_o at_o all_o allow_v it_o nor_o be_v any_o such_o right_n recite_v in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o 7_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o which_o by_o the_o crown_n be_v entail_v upon_o that_o king_n and_o his_o four_o successive_a son_n and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a henry_n the_o seven_o also_o claim_v the_o crown_n by_o right_a of_o inheritance_n in_o his_o speech_n in_o parliament_n yet_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o allow_v it_o that_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v it_o in_o that_o act_n of_o setlement_n which_o as_o i_o have_v recite_v they_o make_v of_o it_o upon_o that_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v i_o may_v still_o maintain_v that_o the_o convention_n have_v do_v nothing_o in_o the_o present_a setlement_n of_o the_o crown_n but_o what_o have_v be_v former_o do_v upon_o every_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n either_o by_o deposition_n or_o resignation_n of_o the_o king_n or_o abdication_n or_o forfeiture_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o king_n james_n in_o which_o the_o convention_n have_v do_v no_o more_o than_o exercise_v that_o power_n which_o have_v always_o be_v suppose_v to_o reside_v in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o settle_v the_o crown_n upon_o such_o a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood-royal_a as_o they_o shall_v think_v best_a to_o deserve_v it_o thus_o much_o i_o have_v say_v to_o preserve_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n but_o to_o put_v all_o this_o out_o of_o dispute_n i_o have_v be_v credible_o inform_v that_o the_o princess_n of_o denmark_n herself_o do_v by_o some_o of_o her_o servant_n in_o both_o house_n as_o well_o of_o the_o lord_n as_o commons_o declare_v upon_o a_o great_a debate_n that_o arise_v about_o secure_v her_o highness_n right_o to_o the_o crown_n immediate_o after_o her_o sister_n the_o queen_n that_o her_o highness_n have_v desire_v they_o to_o assure_v the_o convention_n that_o she_o be_v willing_a to_o acquiesce_v in_o whatever_o they_o shall_v determine_v concern_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n since_o it_o may_v tend_v to_o the_o present_a setlement_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o nation_n which_o i_o think_v be_v a_o better_a session_n of_o she_o right_o to_o his_o present_a majesty_n than_o any_o you_o can_v prove_v that_o the_o empress_n maud_n make_v to_o her_o son_n henry_n the_o second_o or_o than_o the_o countess_n of_o richmond_n ever_o make_v to_o her_o son_n henry_n the_o seven_o m._n you_o have_v often_o talk_v of_o this_o forfeiture_n and_o extravagant_a power_n of_o your_o convention_n by_o who_o you_o suppose_v they_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o place_v the_o crown_n upon_o the_o head_n of_o the_o next_o heir_n by_o blood_n which_o i_o shall_v prove_v to_o be_v a_o vain_a notion_n for_o if_o there_o be_v a_o absolute_a forfeiture_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o government_n will_v have_v be_v absolute_o dissolve_v for_o since_o there_o be_v no_o legal_a government_n without_o a_o king_n if_o the_o throne_n be_v real_o vacant_a and_o that_o the_o people_n may_v place_v who_o they_o 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the_o crown_n ought_v to_o descend_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n by_o blood_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o descent_n i_o have_v now_o lay_v down_o f._n i_o can_v but_o admire_v your_o obstinacy_n in_o this_o matter_n which_o proceed_v from_o your_o old_a error_n of_o believe_v that_o there_o be_v a_o natural_a or_o divine_a right_n of_o succession_n to_o crown_n different_a or_o abstract_v from_o the_o civil_a and_o political_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o particular_a kingdom_n which_o i_o think_v i_o have_v already_o confute_v by_o show_v you_o that_o there_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n in_o nature_n as_o a_o patriarchal_a right_n in_o adam_n or_o noah_n or_o their_o heir_n nor_o yet_o to_o any_o other_o king_n as_o their_o assign_v or_o representative_n and_o therefore_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o allegiance_n to_o every_o lawful_a king_n be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o nature_n yet_o who_o that_o king_n be_v or_o who_o be_v to_o be_v his_o lawful_a successor_n in_o 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all_o man_n confess_v this_o separation_n may_v be_v make_v by_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n as_o also_o by_o conquest_n in_o a_o just_a war_n both_o which_o will_v divest_v such_o a_o prince_n of_o all_o right_a and_o authority_n to_o govern_v and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v do_v by_o either_o of_o these_o way_n his_o right_a and_o authority_n be_v not_o inseparable_a from_o his_o person_n since_o than_o there_o be_v no_o natural_a inherent_a property_n in_o land_n or_o kingdom_n but_o what_o proceed_v from_o the_o particular_a law_n of_o each_o kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n therefore_o who_o ever_o the_o supreme_a power_n appoint_v by_o the_o constitution_n of_o such_o kingdom_n shall_v judge_v or_o determine_v to_o have_v a_o true_a and_o legal_a right_n to_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v own_a and_o esteem_v as_o the_o true_a legal_a owner_n and_o possessor_n thereof_o by_o all_o the_o subject_n so_o that_o if_o a_o king_n can_v part_v with_o his_o kingship_n it_o be_v possible_a he_o may_v lose_v it_o too_o since_o there_o be_v more_o way_n than_o one_o of_o part_v with_o that_o which_o may_v be_v part_v with_o if_o then_o a_o voluntary_a resignation_n of_o a_o crown_n or_o conquest_n in_o a_o just_a war_n can_v give_v another_o prince_n a_o just_a title_n to_o it_o i_o can_v see_v why_o a_o tacit_n abdication_n or_o forfeiture_n of_o a_o crown_n upon_o a_o limit_a king_n total_a breach_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v not_o as_o much_o discharge_v all_o the_o subject_n of_o their_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o also_o give_v the_o great_a council_n as_o the_o representative_a of_o the_o nation_n a_o like_a right_o of_o ordain_v a_o successor_n upon_o such_o a_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o who_o be_v once_o place_v therein_o all_o the_o people_n of_o the_o nation_n ought_v to_o pay_v the_o same_o allegiance_n to_o he_o as_o they_o do_v to_o his_o predecessor_n but_o as_o for_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o your_o supposition_n that_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n by_o blood_n must_v always_o necessary_o succeed_v to_o it_o that_o be_v likewise_o sound_v upon_o two_o very_a false_a principle_n first_o that_o a_o lineal_a hereditary_a succession_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v establish_v by_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n second_o that_o the_o succession_n to_o it_o can_v be_v limit_v by_o the_o parliament_n or_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o former_a of_o which_o supposition_n i_o have_v confute_v at_o our_o last_o meet_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o you_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v frequent_o settle_v and_o limit_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n contrary_a to_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o succession_n as_o have_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o the_o statute_n above_o mention_v of_o henry_n the_o vii_o the_o as_o also_o by_o those_o several_a act_n concern_v the_o succession_n in_o henry_n the_o viii_o this_o time_n and_o so_o it_o continue_v at_o this_o day_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n 1._o whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v treason_n during_o the_o queen_n life_n for_o any_o person_n to_o affirm_v that_o the_o queen_n and_o parliament_n have_v not_o power_n to_o make_v law_n to_o limit_n and_o bind_v the_o descent_n and_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n or_o that_o this_o act_n be_v not_o of_o sufficient_a force_n to_o bind_v limit_n and_o govern_v all_o person_n their_o right_n and_o title_n that_o in_o any_o way_n claim_v any_o interest_n or_o possibility_n in_o or_o to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o possession_n remainder_n succession_n inheritance_n or_o otherwise_o howsoever_o and_o every_o person_n so_o hold_v or_o affirm_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o the_o queen_n shall_v forfeit_v all_o his_o good_n and_o chattel_n so_o that_o i_o can_v see_v no_o just_a reason_n you_o can_v have_v to_o refuse_v swear_v allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n and_o their_o successor_n according_a to_o the_o limitation_n in_o the_o say_v act._n m._n well_o i_o see_v it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o argue_v these_o point_n any_o long_o with_o you_o since_o it_o will_v only_o force_v i_o to_o repeat_v the_o same_o thing_n over_o again_o which_o will_v neither_o edify_v you_o nor_o myself_o only_o give_v i_o leave_v to_o tell_v you_o this_o much_o that_o the_o last_o part_n of_o your_o argument_n which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n that_o be_v new_a in_o all_o your_o discourse_n be_v found_v upon_o a_o very_a wrong_a ground_n for_o though_o i_o shall_v grant_v as_o i_o do_v not_o since_o this_o act_n you_o last_o mention_v be_v expire_v that_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v limit_v or_o entail_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n contrary_a to_o the_o due_a rule_n
act_n that_o it_o be_v declaratory_a of_o the_o former_a law_n of_o england_n make_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o vii_o the_o and_o viii_o this_o and_o other_o king_n reign_n whereby_o the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v frequent_o entail_v upon_o those_o who_o be_v not_o the_o next_o heir_n by_o blood_n and_o though_o the_o queen_n be_v only_o mention_v in_o it_o yet_o it_o certain_o as_o much_o concern_v her_o successor_n as_o all_o future_a parliament_n as_o the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n in_o which_o the_o queen_n be_v only_o mention_v do_v all_o future_a king_n and_o queen_n and_o it_o be_v not_o only_o make_v treason_n during_o her_o life_n but_o also_o there_o be_v a_o loss_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n to_o be_v inflict_v on_o all_o those_o who_o shall_v maintain_v after_o her_o decease_n that_o the_o queen_n and_o parliament_n have_v not_o power_n to_o limit_v the_o succession_n and_o if_o the_o parliament_n in_o her_o reign_n can_v do_v this_o i_o desire_v to_o know_v whence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o present_a parliament_n may_v not_o have_v the_o like_a power_n as_o to_o what_o you_o allege_v concern_v the_o judgement_n against_o the_o two_o spencer_n be_v reverse_v in_o â—1_n the_o of_o richard_n ii_o because_o do_v whilst_o edward_n ii_o be_v still_o alive_a i_o desire_v you_o will_v take_v notice_n that_o this_o parliament_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o be_v whole_o make_v and_o pact_n by_o king_n richard_n after_o the_o banishment_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n and_o norfolk_n and_o that_o as_o well_o the_o lord_n as_o commons_o be_v in_o such_o fear_n of_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n he_o then_o exercise_v that_o they_o pass_v whatever_o he_o will_v and_o in_o this_o parliament_n it_o be_v that_o the_o proceed_n against_o the_o chief_a justice_n tresilian_n and_o his_o fellow_n judge_n who_o have_v be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v by_o judgement_n in_o parliament_n in_o the_o 11_o the_o of_o this_o king_n be_v reverse_v and_o no_o prove_v the_o illegality_n of_o this_o parliament_n you_o need_v but_o consult_v the_o statute-book_n in_o 1_o sy_n of_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o where_o you_o will_v find_v one_o of_o the_o first_o statute_n after_o his_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v to_o repeal_v all_o act_n and_o proceed_n make_v in_o that_o last_o parliament_n of_o richard_n the_o two_o d._n m._n i_o doubt_v this_o will_v not_o do_v the_o business_n for_o we_o maintain_v that_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o also_o his_o son_n and_o grandson_n be_v usurper_n and_o consequent_o all_o the_o act_n make_v in_o their_o reign_n be_v null_a and_o void_a f._n i_o will_v grant_v you_o for_o once_o that_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o be_v a_o usurper_n and_o that_o edward_n the_o iii_o d._n be_v so_o also_o during_o his_o father_n life-time_n but_o than_o it_o do_v not_o follow_v that_o all_o the_o law_n and_o statute_n make_v during_o those_o time_n be_v null_n and_o void_a since_o you_o must_v needs_o know_v the_o contrary_a for_o even_o in_o that_o parliament_n of_o the_o 21_o the_o of_o richard_n the_o two_o d._n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o judgement_n against_o the_o spencer_n be_v reverse_v for_o the_o reason_n you_o have_v give_v yet_o do_v that_o repeal_n extend_v to_o no_o other_o statute_n but_o that_o though_o make_v in_o the_o same_o parliament_n of_o edward_n the_o iii_o d._n whilst_o his_o father_n be_v yet_o live_v but_o they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o hold_v for_o good_a at_o this_o day_n as_o be_v also_o all_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o three_o henry_n who_o you_o suppose_v to_o be_v usurper_n which_o have_v not_o be_v repeal_v by_o any_o subsequent_a statute_n as_o i_o can_v assure_v you_o those_o of_o the_o first_o of_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o be_v not_o and_o therefore_o be_v good_a law_n at_o this_o day_n so_o that_o nothing_o can_v be_v a_o plain_a proof_n than_o this_o that_o let_v the_o king_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v it_o will_v yet_o allegiance_n be_v due_a to_o they_o as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o the_o throne_n therefore_o to_o conclude_v let_v i_o tell_v you_o i_o think_v it_o behoove_v you_o if_o you_o mean_v to_o keep_v that_o office_n you_o hold_v under_o the_o government_n to_o take_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n since_o you_o owe_v your_o protection_n to_o their_o government_n which_o certain_o deserve_v a_o temporary_a allegiance_n as_o long_o as_o you_o enjoy_v the_o benefit_n of_o it_o and_o indeed_o the_o oath_n itself_o be_v so_o loose_o word_v that_o methinks_v any_o man_n may_v take_v it_o without_o any_o scruple_n since_o it_o do_v no_o way_n declare_v that_o the_o present_a king_n and_o queen_n have_v a_o hereditary_a right_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o only_o the_o person_n swear_v to_o bear_v true_a allegiance_n to_o their_o majesty_n king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n which_o i_o think_v even_o stranger_n and_o denizen_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v as_o long_o as_o they_o continue_v in_o the_o kingdom_n m._n i_o be_o sorry_a you_o shall_v think_v i_o after_o so_o long_a a_o acquaintance_n capable_a of_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o my_o conscience_n for_o any_o worldly_a advantage_n whatsoever_o and_o therefore_o i_o must_v free_o tell_v you_o that_o as_o for_o the_o employment_n i_o hold_v i_o will_v rather_o part_v with_o it_o if_o it_o be_v never_o so_o great_a than_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o my_o conscience_n and_o that_o reputation_n i_o have_v hitherto_o maintain_v in_o the_o world_n of_o be_v a_o honest_a man._n and_o therefore_o i_o can_v take_v the_o oath_n as_o a_o mere_a denizen_n that_o owe_v protection_n to_o the_o present_a government_n not_o only_o because_o this_o oath_n be_v inconsistent_a with_o that_o i_o have_v already_o take_v but_o also_o there_o be_v much_o more_o require_v of_o those_o that_o owe_v a_o natural_a allegiance_n to_o their_o rightful_a king_n than_o can_v be_v require_v of_o stranger_n till_o they_o become_v naturalize_v by_o 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against_o himself_o therefore_o if_o richard_n the_o iiid_n have_v be_v a_o king_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o this_o law_n we_o may_v be_v sure_o he_o will_v not_o have_v have_v such_o a_o infamous_a censure_n pass_v upon_o he_o after_o his_o death_n bradshaw_n and_o his_o high_a court_n of_o justice_n be_v the_o first_o that_o be_v so_o hardy_a as_o to_o pronounce_v a_o king_n of_o england_n guilty_a of_o treason_n four_o if_o this_o notion_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la have_v be_v allow_v in_o the_o 11_o of_o henry_n the_o viith_o the_o principal_a assistant_n of_o richard_n the_o iiid_n can_v not_o have_v be_v attaint_v for_o richard_n be_v actual_o in_o the_o throne_n he_o be_v according_a to_o your_o modern_a way_n of_o argue_v 4._o rightful_a king_n and_o consequent_o the_o people_n ought_v to_o own_v he_o as_o such_o and_o defend_v he_o against_o all_o opposer_n and_o if_o so_o certain_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v condemn_v as_o traitor_n for_o do_v their_o duty_n as_o 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draw_v in_o general_a term_n declare_v that_o the_o inheritance_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n shall_v rest_v remain_z and_o abide_v in_o the_o person_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o viith_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o his_o body_n lawful_o come_v etc._n etc._n nor_o be_v there_o indeed_o any_o breach_n make_v upon_o this_o statute_n as_o you_o suppose_v nor_o yet_o upon_o the_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o king_n james_n which_o you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o since_o the_o crown_n be_v certain_o settle_v upon_o two_o prince_n who_o be_v not_o only_o lineal_o descend_v from_o they_o but_o who_o be_v also_o to_o be_v look_v upon_o as_o right_a heir_n unto_o they_o since_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o nation_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a judge_n have_v declare_v they_o to_o be_v so_o but_o as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o your_o speech_n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v that_o this_o act_n must_v needs_o be_v void_a because_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n of_o justice_n and_o right_a reason_n this_o also_o depend_v upon_o your_o former_a error_n in_o suppose_v that_o prince_n have_v a_o divine_a or_o natural_a right_n to_o their_o crown_n antecedent_n to_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o their_o respective_a kingdom_n which_o be_v already_o sufficient_o confute_v so_o that_o though_o i_o grant_v it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o god_n himself_o to_o alter_v the_o natural_a foundation_n of_o right_a and_o wrong_v just_a and_o unjust_a yet_o it_o be_v likewise_o as_o certain_a that_o the_o civil_a right_n of_o prince_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o subject_n can_v no_o way_n be_v account_v for_o according_a to_o those_o natural_a law_n since_o all_o civil_a property_n as_o well_o in_o crown_n as_o other_o possession_n must_v depend_v upon_o the_o particular_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o each_o kingdom_n and_o
nation_n as_o i_o have_v already_o sufficient_o make_v out_o and_o therefore_o though_o i_o grant_v that_o all_o legal_a authority_n ought_v still_o to_o go_v according_a to_o just_a or_o rightful_a title_n 26._o yet_o since_o god_n make_v no_o king_n at_o this_o day_n â—ut_fw-la those_o who_o be_v make_v king_n by_o some_o humane_a act_n and_o have_v a_o legal_a right_n to_o kingship_n by_o some_o humane_a law_n now_o how_o can_v you_o prove_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o england_n none_o can_v have_v a_o legal_a right_n to_o govern_v but_o those_o who_o have_v the_o rightful_a title_n of_o a_o lineal_a succession_n for_o if_o the_o title_n alone_o do_v not_o confer_v the_o the_o authority_n but_o that_o the_o law_n say_v a_o legal_a investiture_n by_o coronation_n and_o recognition_n by_o parliament_n shall_v also_o confer_v it_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o a_o hereditary_a title_n and_o a_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v separate_v and_o yet_o the_o authority_n continue_v legal_a still_o for_o legal_a authority_n must_v be_v convey_v in_o such_o manner_n and_o by_o such_o form_n as_o the_o law_n have_v prescribe_v or_o appoint_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o there_o be_v no_o other_o way_n of_o convey_v it_o and_o then_o that_o authority_n which_o be_v so_o give_v in_o form_n of_o law_n and_o that_o only_o be_v the_o legal_a authority_n if_o then_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n who_o be_v the_o only_a proper_a judge_n of_o such_o dispute_n have_v adjudge_v the_o crown_n to_o one_o who_o we_o will_v at_o present_a suppose_n to_o have_v no_o antecedent_n legal_a title_n to_o it_o yet_o he_o thereby_o become_v legal_o possess_v not_o only_o of_o the_o external_a force_n and_o power_n but_o of_o the_o legal_a authority_n of_o the_o government_n also_o and_o therefore_o he_o may_v challenge_v as_o his_o due_n all_o legal_a obedience_n which_o be_v the_o true_a notion_n of_o allegiance_n for_o nothing_o more_o than_o legal_a obedience_n can_v be_v due_a to_o a_o mere_a legal_a authority_n so_o that_o because_o he_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o legal_a authority_n the_o crown_n be_v his_o legal_a property_n against_o all_o other_o claim_n and_o his_o subject_n must_v defend_v he_o in_o it_o as_o the_o legal_a property_n of_o private_a person_n be_v once_o determine_v by_o judgement_n of_o inferior_a court_n of_o law_n be_v also_o to_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o civil_a power_n against_o the_o force_n of_o he_o who_o perhaps_o may_v have_v the_o better_a title_n to_o the_o estate_n by_o right_a of_o blood_n and_o if_o god_n make_v king_n by_o humane_a act_n i_o hope_v it_o be_v no_o injustice_n in_o god_n to_o make_v he_o a_o king_n who_o the_o law_n make_v a_o king_n and_o to_o enjoin_v our_o obedience_n to_o a_o legal_a king_n which_o legal_a authority_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o legal_a title_n while_o there_o be_v no_o legal_a judgement_n against_o it_o which_o be_v not_o the_o case_n of_o queen_n mary_n and_o the_o lady_n jane_n her_o competitor_n nor_o yet_o of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o and_o oliver_n cromwell_n since_o neither_o the_o one_o '_o or_o the_o other_o be_v ever_o crown_v or_o acknowledge_v as_o lawful_a queen_n or_o king_n by_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o can_v obtain_v no_o legal_a title_n against_o the_o right_a heir_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n when_o one_o be_v solemn_o declare_v king_n or_o queen_n be_v crown_v or_o place_v on_o the_o throne_n by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n he_o be_v then_o legal_a king_n and_o have_v the_o legal_a authority_n as_o the_o royal_a estate_n and_o dignity_n be_v own_v to_o be_v in_o henry_n the_o vith_o when_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n claim_v the_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n m._n i_o be_o not_o yet_o convince_v i_o be_o mistake_v in_o this_o matter_n for_o wave_v at_o present_a any_o natural_a or_o divine_a right_n of_o prince_n i_o think_v this_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o viith_o if_o suppose_v to_o be_v now_o in_o force_n be_v no_o way_n to_o be_v reconcile_v with_o the_o former_a declare_a law_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o kingdom_n much_o less_o can_v this_o last_o pretend_a act_n of_o recognition_n of_o king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n reverse_v the_o statute_n of_o recognition_n make_v to_o king_n james_n the_o first_o whereby_o the_o parliament_n do_v not_o only_o own_v he_o for_o true_a and_o lawful_a king_n by_o descent_n from_o henry_n the_o viith_o and_o edward_n the_o ivth_o but_o also_o engage_v themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n to_o his_o majesty_n and_o his_o royal_a progeny_n for_o ever_o and_o they_o do_v likewise_o conclude_v in_o these_o word_n i_o have_v not_o yet_o mention_v which_o act_n if_o your_o majesty_n shall_v be_v please_v as_o a_o argument_n of_o your_o gracious_a acceptation_n to_o adorn_v with_o your_o majesty_n royal_a assent_n without_o which_o it_o can_v neither_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a nor_o remain_v to_o all_o posterity_n according_a to_o our_o most_o humble_a desire_n as_o a_o memorial_n of_o your_o princely_a and_o tender_a affection_n towards_o we_o we_o shall_v add_v this_o also_o to_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o majesty_n unspeakable_a and_o inestimable_a benefit_n here_o they_o plain_o acknowledge_v these_o two_o thing_n first_o that_o the_o crown_n descend_v by_o proximity_n of_o blood_n and_o that_o immediate_o even_o before_o any_o ceremony_n of_o coronation_n or_o otherwise_o so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o inter-regnum_a or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n and_o according_o it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o law_n that_o rex_fw-la non_fw-la meritur_fw-la second_o that_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o king_n be_v that_o which_o give_v the_o life_n be_v and_o vigour_n to_o the_o law_n without_o which_o they_o be_v of_o no_o force_n therefore_o i_o shall_v plain_o prove_v these_o act_n to_o the_o contrary_a to_o be_v void_a it_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o our_o civil_a as_o well_o as_o your_o common_a law_n '_o that_n every_o sâ—natus-consultum_a or_o decree_n of_o the_o senate_n as_o also_o every_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n must_v be_v abrogate_a and_o repeal_v by_o the_o same_o authority_n by_o which_o it_o be_v make_v since_o therefore_o that_o act_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o whereby_o he_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v lawful_a king_n as_o descend_v from_o lâ—â—nel_n duke_n of_o clarence_n three_o son_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o by_o philippe_n his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n and_o that_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o henry_n the_o six_o who_o have_v successive_o hold_v the_o crown_n be_v usurper_n and_o only_o pretend_a king_n it_o will_v necessary_o follow_v that_o none_o can_v after_o this_o so_o solemn_a law_n and_o declaration_n lawful_o succeed_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o this_o realm_n but_o such_o as_o have_v a_o true_a and_o just_a right_a as_o heir_n by_o blood_n according_a to_o the_o course_n of_o descent_n allow_v of_o by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o henry_n the_o viith_o be_v a_o usurper_n and_o enjoy_v no_o more_o than_o a_o matrimonial_a crown_n can_v not_o join_v with_o a_o parliament_n in_o make_v any_o law_n contrary_a to_o that_o of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o ivth_o which_o have_v be_v so_o solemn_o pass_v and_o settle_v in_o parliament_n by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v by_o descent_n indisputable_a so_o likewise_o in_o the_o matter_n now_o in_o dispute_n between_o we_o i_o can_v never_o apprehend_v how_o a_o pretend_a statute_n make_v in_o a_o convention_n and_o not_o in_o a_o lawful_a parliament_n summon_v by_o the_o king_n can_v first_o declare_v the_o throne_n vacant_a and_o then_o appoint_v those_o to_o fill_v it_o who_o certain_o can_v have_v no_o just_a title_n to_o it_o according_a to_o that_o act_n of_o recognition_n of_o king_n james_n which_o express_o declare_v that_o they_o themselves_o can_v not_o have_v make_v that_o act_n to_o be_v complete_a and_o perfect_a to_o remain_v to_o all_o posterity_n without_o his_o royal_a assent_n which_o be_v once_o past_a into_o a_o law_n by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v indisputable_a can_v never_o afterward_o be_v alter_v if_o ever_o it_o can_v be_v at_o all_o but_o by_o a_o parliament_n as_o legal_o call_v and_o that_o by_o a_o king_n who_o title_n be_v also_o as_o legal_a as_o that_o of_o king_n james_n the_o first_o be_v this_o objection_n though_o i_o have_v often_o urge_v in_o other_o word_n yet_o can_v i_o never_o yet_o obtain_v a_o satisfactory_a answer_n from_o you_o f._n though_o i_o have_v already_o in_o part_n answer_v this_o objection_n at_o our_o last_o meeting_n and_o have_v also_o partly_o do_v it_o already_o in_o this_o yet_o since_o i_o see_v you_o so_o much_o insist_v upon_o it_o and_o do_v also_o urge_v it_o again_o in_o other_o word_n with_o a_o fresh_a
no_o reason_n since_o they_o be_v only_o declarative_a and_o persuant_n to_o the_o late_a act_n of_o the_o convention_n whereby_o after_o the_o declaration_n of_o the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_n king_n william_n and_o queen_n mary_n be_v declare_v that_o they_o be_v and_o of_o right_a aught_o to_o be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n our_o sovereign_a liege_n lord_n and_o lady_n and_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n m._n well_o it_o be_v late_o and_o beside_o to_o no_o purpose_n to_o argue_v this_o point_n any_o long_o since_o it_o concern_v not_o i_o nor_o any_o of_o my_o principle_n what_o new_a oath_n you_o make_v and_o impose_v upon_o those_o who_o conscience_n will_v never_o permit_v we_o to_o take_v they_o what_o i_o have_v say_v be_v only_o to_o show_v you_o the_o folly_n and_o weakness_n of_o such_o oath_n and_o consequent_o that_o they_o can_v be_v subservient_fw-fr to_o no_o other_o end_n then_o a_o renewal_a and_o aggravation_n of_o the_o sin_n of_o perjury_n among_o we_o which_o god_n forgive_v this_o sinful_a nation_n among_o the_o many_o cry_a sin_n it_o now_o grow_v under_o yet_o give_v i_o leave_v still_o to_o mind_v you_o that_o you_o have_v not_o give_v any_o answer_n to_o the_o objection_n i_o have_v make_v concern_v the_o schism_n that_o be_v like_a to_o follow_v from_o the_o deprive_v of_o all_o such_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n that_o shall_v refuse_v to_o take_v the_o new_a oath_n by_o such_o a_o time_n which_o deprivation_n be_v uncanonical_o ordain_v by_o the_o mere_a lie_v power_n of_o the_o convention_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o convocation_n or_o synod_n such_o proceed_n be_v sufficient_a cause_n for_o all_o of_o our_o way_n to_o break_v off_o all_o church_n communion_n with_o you_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o arch_a bishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o those_o other_o bishop_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v deprive_v and_o new_a one_o put_v in_o their_o place_n since_o all_o church_n communion_n whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o lawfullness_n of_o the_o bishop_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a pastor_n of_o our_o church_n f._n i_o forget_v to_o say_v any_o thing_n of_o this_o because_o i_o say_v so_o much_o to_o answer_v concern_v the_o new_a oath_n i_o propose_v as_o sit_v to_o take_v by_o those_o in_o place_n of_o trust_n but_o since_o you_o desire_v it_o i_o shall_v say_v somewhat_o though_o not_o so_o large_a as_o i_o can_v speak_v upon_o this_o subject_a first_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o it_o be_v altogether_o a_o new_a notion_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n whereby_o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v the_o same_o power_n with_o person_n in_o the_o church_n as_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o israel_n have_v among_o the_o jew_n therefore_o you_o must_v either_o depart_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o this_o canon_n or_o else_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n who_o be_v certain_o as_o much_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o the_o nation_n as_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n be_v to_o that_o of_o the_o jew_n may_v as_o well_o deprive_v the_o arch_a bishop_n of_o canterbury_n for_o example_n for_o treason_n or_o disobedience_n to_o the_o government_n as_o solomon_n do_v abiathar_n for_o anoint_v his_o brother_n adonijah_n king_n and_o beside_o this_o i_o can_v show_v you_o many_o example_n of_o the_o like_a power_n exercise_v by_o the_o roman_a and_o greek_a emperor_n in_o deprive_v and_o banish_v not_o only_a bishop_n but_o patriarch_n for_o the_o matter_n of_o state_n without_o any_o sentence_n or_o judgement_n of_o a_o synod_n or_o general_a council_n of_o other_o bishop_n if_o your_o doctrine_n be_v true_a the_o poor_a greek_a church_n will_v be_v in_o a_o sad_a condition_n and_o all_o her_o member_n in_o a_o perpetual_a schism_n for_o some_o age_n past_a that_o there_o have_v be_v scarce_o any_o canonical_a election_n or_o deprivation_n of_o the_o patriarch_n of_o any_o of_o the_o great_a seat_n viz._n constantinople_n antioch_n and_o alexandria_n but_o they_o be_v all_o nominate_v and_o put_v in_o and_o out_o at_o the_o grand_a signor_n nay_o vizier_n will_v and_o pleasure_n as_o any_o man_n who_o will_v but_o peâ—uâ—e_v sr._n paul_n rycaut_n account_v of_o the_o greek_a church_n may_v easy_o see_v but_o indeed_o you_o fall_v into_o this_o error_n for_o want_n of_o consider_v the_o original_n of_o bishoprics_a in_o england_n and_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o this_o intend_a deprivation_n for_o pray_v take_v notice_n that_o though_o episcopacy_n be_v settle_v in_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o britain_n yet_o all_o the_o sea_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o respect_n of_o such_o and_o such_o diocese_n have_v be_v whole_o owe_a to_o the_o bounty_n of_o our_o king_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o our_o great_a council_n which_o be_v also_o confirm_v by_o the_o pope_n bull_n and_o since_o the_o reformation_n to_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n as_o be_v all_o the_o bishoprics_a erect_v in_o henry_n the_o viii_o this_o reign_v so_o that_o let_v the_o bishop_n mere_a spiritual_a power_n of_o ordain_v excommunicate_v etc._n etc._n be_v derive_v immediate_o from_o christ_n if_o you_o please_v yet_o the_o exercise_n thereof_o as_o limit_v and_o appoint_v to_o this_o or_o that_o precint_n or_o see_v be_v as_o mere_a a_o temporal_a institution_n as_o that_o of_o parish_n which_o be_v not_o introduce_v till_o long_o after_o christianity_n be_v settle_v in_o this_o island_n so_o that_o the_o exercise_n of_o this_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n within_o the_o see_v of_o canterbury_n for_o example_n be_v a_o civil_a institution_n it_o have_v ancient_o belong_v to_o supreme_a power_n not_o only_o to_o confer_v this_o power_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o ancient_a investiture_n of_o our_o bishop_n per_fw-la baculum_fw-la &_o annulum_fw-la but_o also_o to_o take_v it_o away_o for_o treason_n or_o 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ordination_n and_o confirmation_n will_v be_v good_a even_o in_o our_o protestant_a church_n if_o such_o priest_n or_o child_n have_v afterward_o turn_v protestant_n since_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o the_o church_n of_o england_n own_v the_o order_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n to_o be_v valid_a which_o be_v more_o than_o we_o do_v for_o the_o ordination_n of_o mere_a presbyter_n come_v from_o those_o protestant_a country_n where_o there_o be_v no_o bishop_n at_o all_o the_o like_a i_o may_v say_v for_o their_o confirmation_n too_o but_o pray_v sir_n consider_v how_o upon_o your_o principle_n this_o schism_n can_v be_v so_o universal_a as_o to_o influence_n and_o involve_v all_o england_n in_o it_o for_o if_o the_o arch_a bishop_n of_o york_n for_o example_n will_v rather_o take_v this_o oath_n then_o suffer_v deprivation_n and_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o his_o province_n shall_v be_v of_o the_o mind_n as_o i_o be_o credible_o inform_v they_o will_v pray_v tell_v i_o how_o the_o people_n of_o that_o province_n be_v a_o distinct_a church_n or_o body_n ecclesiastical_a from_o that_o of_o canterbury_n as_o to_z all_o spiritual_a matter_n as_o have_v a_o distinct_a convocation_n of_o their_o own_o can_v ever_o be_v involve_v in_o this_o schism_n by_o the_o deprivation_n of_o the_o arch_a bishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n of_o canterbury_n and_o pray_v also_o tell_v i_o in_o the_o next_o place_n how_o all_o the_o member_n of_o the_o two_o university_n can_v ever_o be_v involve_v in_o this_o intend_a schism_n since_o they_o owe_v no_o canonical_a obedience_n to_o the_o arch-bishop_n of_o canterbury_n or_o york_n nor_o to_o any_o other_o bishop_n but_o only_o to_o their_o chancellor_n and_o the_o vicechancellor_n as_o his_o deputy_n who_o exercise_n all_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n within_o the_o say_a university_n and_o therefore_o their_o church_n
communion_n can_v depend_v upon_o the_o canonical_a or_o uncanonical_a deprivation_n of_o any_o bishop_n in_o england_n i_o desire_v you_o to_o consider_v these_o thing_n as_o a_o canon-lawyer_n and_o give_v i_o your_o answer_n if_o you_o can_v against_o the_o next_o time_n we_o meet_v and_o then_o tell_v i_o whether_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o threaten_a schism_n be_v so_o just_a and_o apparent_a that_o it_o be_v like_a to_o involve_v so_o many_o of_o the_o wise_a and_o most_o considerate_a of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n into_o open_a separation_n from_o the_o church_n as_o you_o suppose_v it_o will_v not_o but_o that_o i_o will_v grant_v there_o be_v many_o of_o the_o clergy_n of_o this_o opinion_n who_o as_o well_o out_o of_o conscience_n as_o for_o their_o own_o interest_n will_v be_v content_v to_o set_v up_o and_o encourage_v such_o a_o separation_n thereby_o to_o make_v themselves_o head_n of_o separate_a congregation_n when_o they_o shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o their_o present_a benefice_n and_o employment_n upon_o their_o refusal_n of_o this_o oath_n m._n i_o must_v confess_v i_o never_o hear_v so_o much_o say_v upon_o this_o head_n before_o and_o if_o you_o can_v make_v out_o to_o i_o all_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n you_o have_v now_o instance_a in_o i_o know_v not_o but_o that_o i_o may_v come_v over_o to_o your_o opinion_n thou_o let_v i_o tell_v you_o this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o you_o can_v show_v i_o that_o any_o bishop_n be_v deprive_v in_o england_n by_o the_o mere_a lay_v authority_n of_o the_o king_n and_o a_o great_a council_n or_o convention_n of_o the_o laity_n whilst_o they_o continue_v of_o the_o same_o church-communion_n with_o those_o bishop_n for_o as_o to_o your_o instance_n of_o the_o popish_a bishop_n deprive_v by_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n i_o doubt_v you_o will_v find_v it_o do_v not_o come_v up_o to_o the_o point_n in_o question_n since_o the_o queen_n and_o parliament_n have_v then_o new_o declare_v themselves_o protestant_n do_v not_o own_v they_o for_o true_a and_o orthodox_n bishop_n and_o consequent_o think_v they_o may_v just_o depart_v from_o their_o communion_n and_o upon_o the_o same_o account_n may_v deprive_v they_o and_o the_o queen_n may_v then_o nominate_v other_o of_o their_o own_o religion_n in_o their_o place_n f._n i_o can_v but_o differ_v from_o you_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o fack_o as_o you_o now_o relate_v it_o part._n for_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o the_o parliament_n be_v when_o they_o make_v this_o act_n so_o far_o from_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o outward_a communion_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n that_o mass_n be_v then_o say_v and_o the_o romish_a priest_n still_o continue_v in_o all_o the_o parish_n and_o church_n of_o england_n and_o yet_o they_o still_o maintain_v a_o outward_a communion_n though_o their_o bishop_n be_v deprive_v by_o the_o civil_a â—ower_n and_o other_o ordain_v in_o their_o stead_n so_o that_o it_o be_v plain_a the_o papist_n themselves_o have_v then_o no_o notion_n of_o this_o new_a cause_n of_o schism_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o bishop_n be_v uncanonical_o deprive_v nor_o indeed_o can_v we_o well_o vindicate_v the_o honour_n or_o legality_n of_o our_o reformation_n if_o the_o protestant_a bishop_n who_o succeed_v in_o the_o place_n of_o those_o who_o be_v thus_o deprive_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n can_v not_o be_v canonical_a because_o their_o predecessor_n deprive_v by_o the_o lay_v power_n be_v still_o alive_a but_o admit_v this_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o it_o have_v be_v thus_o practise_v yet_o if_o it_o be_v then_o reasonable_a and_o do_v upon_o good_a ground_n i_o can_v see_v but_o when_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n require_v it_o and_o that_o the_o clergy_n in_o convocation_n be_v so_o wilful_a and_o wed_v to_o some_o old_a false_a notion_n as_o not_o to_o consult_v the_o peace_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o church_n and_o kingdom_n why_o the_o king_n and_o queen_n who_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v supreme_a over_o ecclesiastical_a as_o well_o as_o temporal_a person_n may_v not_o together_o with_o the_o two_o house_n of_o parliament_n make_v the_o like_a law_n now_o as_o be_v do_v in_o the_o first_o of_o queen_n elizabeth_n for_o a_o less_o matter_n for_o none_o of_o those_o popish_a bishop_n though_o they_o believe_v queen_n elizabeth_n to_o have_v no_o better_o than_o a_o parliament_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n yet_o ever_o deny_v she_o to_o be_v their_o lawful_a and_o rightful_a queen_n only_o they_o will_v not_o own_v her_o supremacy_n in_o spiritual_a matter_n but_o leave_v the_o far_a discussion_n of_o this_o point_n to_o those_o who_o better_a understand_v it_o i_o will_v glad_o know_v of_o you_o what_o you_o intend_v to_o do_v and_o what_o you_o will_v have_v we_o do_v who_o be_v like_a to_o be_v make_v deputy_n lieutenant_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n for_o if_o as_o you_o yourself_o allow_v there_o be_v a_o necessity_n that_o some_o civil_a government_n be_v maintain_v during_o king_n james_n absence_n i_o desire_v to_o know_v of_o you_o how_o it_o can_v be_v manage_v and_o who_o shall_v manage_v it_o in_o case_n all_o the_o gentleman_n of_o england_n be_v of_o your_o principle_n and_o shall_v positive_o refuse_v the_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o their_o present_a majesty_n for_o if_o king_n james_n be_v never_o so_o much_o our_o lawful_a king_n it_o be_v not_o now_o possible_a for_o we_o to_o be_v govern_v by_o he_o since_o he_o be_v goâ—e_n and_o god_n know_v whether_o ever_o he_o may_v return_v again_o since_o than_o you_o can_v have_v he_o if_o you_o will_v and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n we_o shall_v be_v govern_v by_o some_o body_n and_o since_o it_o be_v also_o as_o certain_a that_o those_o who_o actual_o govern_v we_o will_v exact_v this_o or_o the_o like_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n from_o we_o as_o be_v due_a to_o their_o predecessor_n and_o that_o no_o man_n must_v expect_v to_o enjoy_v or_o execute_v any_o place_n or_o office_n not_o only_o of_o profit_n but_o of_o burden_n and_o charge_n for_o the_o necessary_a execution_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o maintenance_n of_o civil_a government_n without_o which_o we_o can_v live_v or_o subsist_v without_o take_v this_o new_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n as_o the_o only_a mean_n to_o qualify_v they_o for_o it_o if_o then_o the_o end_n viz._n civil_a government_n be_v absolute_o necessary_a and_o the_o take_n of_o this_o oath_n be_v the_o only_a mean_n allow_v of_o to_o qualify_v man_n for_o it_o this_o seem_v as_o evident_a to_o i_o that_o take_v of_o this_o oath_n be_v not_o only_o justifiable_a by_o law_n but_o by_o reason_n and_o good_a conscience_n since_o it_o be_v do_v for_o the_o high_a and_o noble_a end_n viz._n the_o public_a good_a of_o the_o whole_a nation_n or_o common_a wealth_n which_o you_o grant_v can_v subsist_v without_o some_o kind_n of_o civil_a government_n among_o we_o m._n i_o will_v say_v something_o in_o answer_n to_o what_o you_o have_v now_o allege_v concern_v the_o necessity_n of_o take_v of_o the_o oath_n in_o order_n to_o the_o maintenance_n of_o some_o civil_a government_n without_o which_o i_o grant_v the_o king_n good_a subject_n can_v subsist_v till_o his_o return_n since_o i_o confess_v this_o be_v the_o strong_a argument_n you_o have_v yet_o bring_v all_o i_o can_v say_v to_o it_o at_o present_a it_z that_o if_o all_o your_o country_n gentleman_n and_o all_o the_o lawyer_n in_o england_n will_v be_v so_o firm_a in_o their_o loyalty_n to_o his_o majesty_n as_o unanimous_o to_o declare_v that_o they_o can_v take_v this_o oath_n with_o a_o safe_a conscience_n the_o consequence_n than_o will_v be_v that_o either_o the_o present_a usurp_v power_n must_v be_v force_v to_o give_v up_o the_o government_n to_o the_o right_a owner_n or_o else_o they_o must_v at_o least_o desist_v from_o press_v this_o oath_n upon_o you_o f._n you_o know_v well_o enough_o this_o be_v altogether_o a_o vain_a supposition_n since_o you_o can_v but_o be_v sensible_a that_o their_o majesty_n have_v not_o only_o a_o sufficient_a force_n both_o of_o native_a englishman_n and_o foreigner_n on_o their_o side_n who_o can_v force_v those_o that_o shall_v make_v any_o opposition_n to_o the_o take_v it_o and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o many_o fanatic_n and_o commonwealth_n man_n who_o not_o look_v upon_o themselves_o as_o at_o all_o oblige_v by_o your_o notion_n of_o natural_a allegiance_n and_o the_o obligation_n of_o any_o former_a oath_n of_o allegiance_n will_v get_v into_o all_o the_o office_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n and_o destruction_n not_o only_o of_o the_o church_n but_o the_o monarchy_n itself_o which_o be_v as_o yet_o preserve_v though_o the_o person_n
8._o p._n 580_o 581._o w._n all_o burrough_n that_o send_v member_n ancient_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la of_o the_o king_n d._n 8._o p._n 557_o 578._o w._n they_o send_v such_o member_n by_o a_o inherent_a right_n or_o at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o sheriff_n ib._n p._n 593._o 604._o c_o cain_n w._n he_o forfeit_v his_o birthright_n by_o the_o murder_n of_o his_o brother_n d._n 2._o p._n 67._o w._n his_o elder_a son_n be_v a_o prince_n over_o his_o brethren_n ib._n canon_n of_o 1640._o their_o validity_n discuss_v d._n 4._o p._n 284._o to_o 286._o king_n charles_n the_o first_o pretend_v commission_n to_o sir_n philim_n o_o neal_n consider_v d._n 9_o p._n 636_o 637._o great_a charter_n of_o king_n johnâ—_n w._n it_o be_v the_o sole_a act_n of_o that_o king_n or_o else_o make_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o all_o the_o freeman_n of_o england_n d._n 5._o p._n 324._o d._n 7._o p._n 455_o 456._o great_a charter_n of_o hen._n the_o three_o w._n all_o the_o copy_n we_o have_v now_o of_o it_o be_v he_o or_o else_o edward_n i._o his_o charter_n ib._n 461._o child_n how_o far_o and_o how_o long_o bind_v to_o be_v subject_a to_o their_o parent_n d._n 1._o p._n 45._o to_o 52._o christian_n w._n as_o much_o oblige_v to_o suffer_v for_o religion_n now_o as_o in_o the_o primitive_a time_n d._n 4â—_n p._n 230._o to_o 234._o chester_n its_o county_n w._n the_o earl_n thereof_o can_v charge_v all_o his_o tenant_n in_o parliament_n without_o their_o consent_n d._n 7._o p._n 501._o church_n of_o england_n w._n passive_a obedience_n be_v its_o distinguish_a doctrine_n from_o other_o church_n d._n 4._o p._n 292_o 293._o city_n and_o burrough_n more_o numerous_a in_o the_o saxon_a time_n than_o now_o d._n 6._o p._n 379._o to_o 400._o w._n they_o have_v any_o representative_n in_o parliament_n before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o iiid_n d._n 5._o p._n 565_o 572._o whether_o city_n and_o burrough_n have_v not_o always_o have_v representative_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o scotland_n d._n 7._o p._n 505._o clerici_fw-la terras_fw-la habentes_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la non_fw-la pertinent_a who_o they_o be_v d._n 7._o p._n 450.451_o clergy_n a_o part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o long_o after_o d._n 8._o p._n 544_o to_o 550._o w._n none_o of_o the_o clergy_n but_o such_o as_o hold_v in_o capite_fw-la appear_v at_o such_o council_n ibid._n w._n the_o inferior_a clergy_n have_v their_o representative_n in_o parliament_n different_a from_o the_o convocation_n ib._n 546_o to_o 558._o commandment_n vth_o in_o what_o sense_n prince_n be_v comprehend_v under_o it_o d._n 2._o p._n 106._o to_o 109_o &_o 111._o communitas_fw-la regni_fw-la w._n that_o phrase_n in_o ancient_a record_n and_o act_n of_o parliament_n do_v not_o often_o signify_v the_o commons_o as_o well_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o as_o afterward_o d._n 7._o p._n 412_o to_o 415._o w._n that_o phrase_n do_v not_o also_o signify_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o peer_n and_o commons_o d._n 6._o p._n 416._o the_o drs._n proof_n to_o the_o contrary_n consider_v 417_o to_o 423._o w._n it_o do_v also_o often_o signify_v the_o commons_o alone_o d._n 8._o p._n 572._o to_o 574._o their_o declaration_n to_o the_o pope_n in_o the_o 48th_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o d._n 8._o p._n 581_o to_o 582._o their_o petition_n to_o henry_n the_o five_o their_o protestation_n in_o parliament_n in_o richard_n the_o second_o time_n 584._o commons_o of_o city_n and_o great_a town_n have_v their_o representative_n in_o the_o assembly_n of_o estate_n of_o all_o the_o kingdom_n in_o europe_n found_v by_o the_o ancient_a german_n and_o goth_n ibid_fw-la 607_o to_o 612._o commons_o their_o request_n and_o consent_n when_o first_o mention_v in_o old_a statute_n d._n 5._o p._n 329._o w._n ever_o summon_v to_o parliament_n from_o the_o 49th_o of_o hen._n the_o three_o to_o the_o 18_o of_o edw._n the_o first_o d._n 7._o p._n 522._o commons_o w._n part_n of_o the_o great_a council_n before_o the_o conquest_n d._n 5._o p._n 369_o 372._o the_o word_n commune_v de_fw-la commune_fw-la &_o les_fw-fr commune_v do_v frequent_o signify_v the_o commons_o before_o the_o 49th_o of_o henry_n the_o three_o d._n 6._o 423._o d._n 7._o 423_o to_o 484._o common-council_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n w._n different_a from_o the_o common-council_n of_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la d._n 7._o p._n 437._o to_o 474._o communitas_fw-la scotiae_fw-la w._n it_o always_o signify_v none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ibid._n p._n 505._o to_o 508._o conquest_n alone_a w._n it_o confer_v a_o right_a to_o a_o crown_n d._n 2._o p._n 128_o 129._o w._n it_o it_o give_v a_o king_n a_o right_n to_o all_o the_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o conquer_a kingom_n d._n 3._o 168._o to_o 170._o w._n any_o conquest_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v make_v by_o king_n william_n the_o first_o d._n 10._o p._n 715._o to_o the_o end_n constitution_n of_o clarendon_n their_o title_n explain_v d._n 6._o p._n 430_o 431._o contract_v originel_n w._n there_o be_v ever_o any_o such_o thing_n d._n 10_o p._n 695_o to_o 709._o d._n 12._o p._n 809_o 8â—3_n convention_n w._n its_o vote_v king_n james_n to_o have_v abdicate_v the_o government_n be_v justifiable_a d._n 11._o p._n 809_o to_o 834._o w._n its_o declaration_n of_o king_n james_n violation_n of_o our_o fundamental_a right_n be_v well_o ground_v ibid._n p._n 816_o 832._o w._n it_o be_v vote_v the_o throne_n vacant_a can_v be_v justify_v from_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n of_o the_o government_n d._n 12._o p._n 839_o to_o 883._o w._n whether_o its_o place_n k._n w._n and_o q._n m._n on_o the_o throne_n may_v be_v also_o justify_v by_o the_o say_a constitution_n ibid._n p._n 883_o to_o 894._o w._n it_o be_v make_v a_o act_n exclude_v all_o roman_n catholic_n prince_n be_v legal_a ibid._n p._n 894_o to_o the_o end_n convocation_n book_n draw_v up_o by_o bishop_n overal_n its_o validity_n examine_v d._n 1._o p._n 6_o &_o 8._o copy_n holder_n why_o they_o to_o have_v no_o vote_n at_o election_n to_o parliament_n d._n 5._o p._n 513._o great_a council_n or_o convention_n the_o only_a judge_n of_o prince_n title_n upon_o any_o dispute_n about_o the_o succession_n or_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n d._n 12._o p._n 895._o d._n 13._o p._n 917._o to_o 919_o 924._o council_n of_o the_o king_n in_o parliament_n what_o it_o be_v ancient_o d._n 5._o p._n 334._o great_a council_n or_o general_a convention_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n w._n legal_a without_o the_o king_n summons_n d._n 5._o p._n 353._o d._n 12._o p._n 894._o to_o 898._o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la what_o iâ—_n ancient_o be_v and_o w._n it_o consist_v of_o none_o but_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la ibid._n 368._o crown_n w._n it_o can_v by_o law_n be_v ever_o forfeit_v d._n 12._o p._n 833_o 834._o d_o defence_n of_o a_o man_n self_n in_o what_o case_n justifiable_a d._n 3._o p._n 148_o 149._o declaration_n of_o the_o convention_n set_v forth_o king_n james_n violation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a right_n of_o the_o nation_n w._n justifiable_a or_o not_o d._n 11._o p._n 816._o to_o the_o end_n private_a divine_n their_o opiâ—nions_n about_o passive_a obedience_n and_o resistance_n of_o what_o authority_n d._n 4._o p._n 291_o 294._o w._n many_o of_o they_o have_v not_o quit_v the_o ancient_a doctrine_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n declare_v the_o pope_n to_o be_v antichrist_n vid._n append._n dispence_v power_n w._n justifiable_a by_o law_n d._n 12._o p._n 119_o to_o 828._o dissolution_n of_o all_o government_n w._n it_o necessary_o follow_v from_o the_o convention_n declaration_n of_o the_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n d._n 12._o p._n 890_o 891._o durham_n w._n its_o bishop_n can_v lay_v tax_n in_o parliament_n on_o the_o whole_a county_n palatine_n without_o their_o consent_n d._n 7._o p._n 501_o 502._o e_o earl_n of_o county_n their_o ancient_a office_n and_o institution_n d._n 5_o p._n 363_o to_o 370._o king_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v depose_v w._n any_o vacancy_n of_o the_o throne_n follow_v thereupon_o d._n 12._o p._n 158_o to_o 861._o queen_n elizabeth_z w._n she_o have_v any_o title_n to_o the_o crown_n but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n ibid._n p_o 872_o 873._o england_n when_o first_o so_o call_v d._n 5._o p._n 362._o englishman_n w._n they_o lose_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o estate_n by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n d._n 10._o p._n 753._o to_o the_o end_n english_a bishop_n earls_z and_o baron_n w._n then_o all_o deprive_v of_o their_o honour_n and_o estate_n ib._n 756_o to_o 762._o english_a saxon_n law_n w._n confirm_v or_o abrogate_a by_o k._n william_n d._n 10._o p._n 760._o estate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n
in_o pleyn_n parliament_n that_o be_v in_o full_a parliament_n where_o both_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v present_a that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o lord_n against_o those_o that_o be_v no_o peer_n shall_v not_o be_v draw_v into_o example_n etc._n etc._n now_o pray_v see_v the_o commentary_n of_o the_o most_o learned_a and_o reverend_a author_n of_o the_o grand_a question_n upon_o these_o word_n in_o this_o record_n this_o have_v all_o the_o formality_n of_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o therefore_o all_o the_o estate_n be_v present_a so_o likewise_o in_o the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o next_o roll_n but_o one_o accord_v est_fw-la per_fw-la nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o son_n counsel_n in_o plain_a parliament_n which_o be_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n concern_v those_o that_o have_v follow_v the_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n so_o in_o the_o 5_o the_o of_o this_o king_n we_o have_v the_o particular_a mention_n of_o the_o bishop_n as_o some_o of_o those_o who_o make_v a_o full_a parliament_n accord_v est_fw-la per_fw-la nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr prelate_n count_n baron_n &_o autres_fw-fr grands_fw-fr de_fw-fr roiaâ—me_n in_o pleyn_n parliament_n so_o in_o the_o 6_o the_o of_o edward_n the_o ill_n d_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n make_v his_o oration_n in_o pleyn_n parliament_n which_o be_v thus_o explain_v en_fw-fr le_fw-fr presence_n nostre_fw-fr seigneur_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr prelate_n &_o autres_fw-fr grantz_n and_o in_o another_o roll_n si_fw-la est_fw-la accord_n &_o assentu_fw-la per_fw-la tous_fw-fr in_o pleyn_n parliament_n and_o who_o these_o be_v we_o be_v tell_v in_o the_o same_o roll_n viz._n les_fw-fr prelate_n count_n baron_n &_o tous_fw-fr les_fw-fr autres_fw-fr summons_n à _fw-fr misme_n parliament_n now_o this_o be_v the_o clear_a explication_n of_o these_o word_n in_o full_a parliament_n viz._n in_o the_o presence_n of_o all_o those_o who_o be_v summon_v so_o that_o if_o the_o commons_o be_v then_o summon_v to_o this_o parliament_n as_o certain_o they_o be_v they_o must_v have_v give_v their_o assent_n under_o the_o title_n of_o grantz_n since_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n be_v particular_o mention_v before_o to_o dialogue_n the_o 10_o the_o p._n 706._o after_o these_o word_n be_v reform_v by_o they_o or_o not_o read_v thus_o and_o that_o king_n james_n the_o first_o himself_o be_v satisfy_v of_o this_o original_a contract_n may_v appear_v by_o his_o own_o word_n in_o a_o speech_n to_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n 1609._o where_o he_o express_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o king_n bind_v himself_o by_o a_o double_a oath_n to_o the_o observation_n of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n tacit_o as_o be_v a_o king_n and_o so_o bind_v to_o protect_v as_o well_o the_o people_n as_o the_o law_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o express_o by_o his_o oath_n at_o his_o coronation_n so_o as_o every_o king_n in_o a_o settle_a kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v that_o paction_n make_v to_o his_o people_n by_o his_o law_n in_o frame_v the_o government_n as_o agreeable_a thereunto_o according_a to_o that_o paction_n which_o god_n make_v with_o noah_n after_o the_o deluge_n etc._n etc._n to_o dialogue_n 12._o p._n 874._o after_o their_o successor_n add_v this_o so_o that_o all_o the_o modern_a act_n of_o parliament_n for_o intail_v the_o crown_n be_v make_v and_o ordain_v by_o the_o counsel_n and_o assent_v of_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o be_v so_o many_o plain_a declaration_n and_o evident_a recognition_n what_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n of_o the_o english_a government_n be_v in_o that_o grand_a point_n to_o dialogue_n the_o 12_o the_o p._n 898._o after_o the_o word_n of_o the_o say_a parish_n read_v thus_o and_o that_o not_o only_o all_o the_o private_a act_n of_o that_o parliament_n but_o some_o public_a one_o also_o though_o never_o confirm_v in_o the_o follow_a parliament_n of_o the_o 13_o of_o charles_n the_o second_o be_v yet_o hold_v good_a in_o law_n appear_v by_o these_o that_o follow_v viz._n 1._o a_o act_n for_o continuance_n of_o process_n and_o judicial_a proceed_n continue_v by_o which_o all_o writ_n plea_n indictment_n etc._n etc._n then_o depend_v be_v order_v to_o stand_v and_o proceed_v on_o notwithstanding_o want_v of_o authority_n in_o the_o late_a usurper_n and_o therein_o it_o be_v far_o ordain_v that_o process_n and_o proceed_n in_o court_n of_o justice_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n and_o the_o general_a issue_n be_v plead_v till_o august_n 1._o 1660._o as_o if_o the_o act_v make_v during_o the_o usurpation_n for_o that_o purpose_n have_v be_v good_a and_o effectual_a law_n and_o upon_o this_o foot_n only_o stand_v many_o fine_n recovery_n judgement_n and_o other_o proceed_n at_o law_n have_v and_o pass_v between_o april_n 25_o 1660_o and_o august_n 1._o 1660._o 2._o a_o act_n for_o conform_v and_o restore_a of_o minister_n this_o act_n be_v usual_o to_o this_o day_n set_v forth_o and_o plead_v in_o quare_fw-la impedit_n though_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v refuse_v upon_o debate_n to_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o 13_o of_o car._n ii_o when_o divers_a other_o act_n of_o the_o same_o time_n be_v confirm_v yet_o both_o these_o act_n have_v no_o other_o authority_n but_o from_o that_o convention_n as_o you_o call_v it_o have_v be_v judge_v and_o constant_o allow_v to_o be_v good_a law_n for_o above_o these_o 30_o year_n to_o dialogue_n the_o 13_o the_o p._n 966._o after_o these_o word_n be_v still_o alive_a read_v this_o and_o to_o show_v you_o that_o the_o king_n and_o parliament_n have_v deprive_v even_o bishop_n of_o their_o own_o communion_n and_o that_o such_o deprivation_n have_v be_v hold_v good_a and_o that_o the_o king_n have_v nominate_v new_a bishop_n upon_o the_o vacancy_n you_o may_v see_v in_o dr._n burnet_n history_n of_o the_o reformation_n and_o in_o the_o appendix_n to_o it_o where_o you_o will_v find_v a_o memorable_a act_n of_o parliament_n of_o the_o 25_o the_o of_o henry_n the_o viii_o before_o his_o departure_n from_o his_o obedience_n to_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n whereby_o cardinal_n campegio_n and_o hieronimo_n de_fw-fr ghinicci_n be_v deprive_v of_o the_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o worcester_z which_o they_o have_v hold_v for_o near_o 20_o year_n and_o campegio_n have_v without_o doubt_n be_v install_v in_o it_o when_o he_o be_v in_o england_n the_o act_n itself_o be_v so_o remarkable_a i_o shall_v give_v you_o some_o passage_n out_o of_o it_o verbatim_o first_o the_o preamble_n set_v forth_o that_o whereas_o before_o this_o time_n the_o church_n of_o england_n by_o the_o king_n most_o noble_a progenitor_n and_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o same_o have_v be_v found_v ordain_v and_o establish_v in_o the_o estate_n and_o degree_n of_o prelacy_n dignity_n and_o other_o promotion_n spiritual_a etc._n etc._n which_o sufficient_o confirm_v what_o i_o but_o now_o assert_v that_o all_o the_o bishopric_n be_v found_v by_o our_o king_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o their_o grand_a council_n or_o parliament_n and_o then_o it_o proceed_v to_o recite_v that_o whereas_o all_o person_n promote_v to_o ecclesiastical_a benefice_n aught_o to_o reside_v within_o the_o realm_n for_o preach_v the_o law_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o keep_v hospitality_n and_o since_o these_o prelate_n have_v not_o observe_v these_o thing_n but_o live_v at_o rome_n and_o carry_v the_o revenue_n of_o their_o bishopric_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n contrary_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o founder_n and_o to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o the_o realm_n etc._n etc._n in_o consideration_n whereof_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o this_o present_a parliament_n that_o the_o say_v two_o see_v and_o bishopric_n of_o salisbury_n and_o worcester_z and_o either_o of_o they_o henceforth_o shall_v be_v take_v repute_v and_o account_v in_o the_o law_n to_o be_v void_a vacant_a and_o utter_o destitute_a of_o any_o incumbent_n or_o prelate_n and_o then_o follow_v a_o clause_n enable_v the_o king_n his_o heir_n and_o successor_n to_o nominate_v and_o appoint_v successor_n be_v the_o native_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o the_o say_a see_v and_o the_o king_n do_v nominate_v successor_n according_a to_o the_o say_v act._n a_o table_n of_o errata_fw-la the_o author_n occasion_n not_o permit_v 〈…〉_z town_n whilst_o most_o of_o these_o dialogue_n be_v in_o the_o press_n beg_v pardon_n for_o the_o many_o errata_n in_o some_o of_o they_o and_o desire_v you_o to_o correct_v such_o gross_a one_o that_o alter_v or_o disturb_v the_o sense_n viz._n dial._n 1._o p._n â—0_n l_o 24._o for_o author_n r._n authority_n p._n 52._o l._n 37._o for_o four_o r._n 5_o p._n 36._o l._n 38._o for_o right_n r._n rite_n dial._n 2._o p._n 80._o l._n 25._o del_o hundred_o r_o thousand_o p._n 80_o l._n 22._o d._n greek_a p._n 84._o
authority_n since_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o usurpation_n in_o those_o rough_a and_o unsettle_a time_n yet_o i_o believe_v if_o the_o ancient_a writ_n of_o summons_n be_v now_o in_o be_v you_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v call_v by_o those_o usurper_n though_o not_o by_o the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o i_o defy_v you_o to_o show_v i_o since_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o any_o parliament_n ever_o call_v without_o the_o king_n writ_n of_o summons_n and_o though_o upon_o the_o deposition_n of_o edward_n and_o richard_n the_o second_o the_o parliament_n you_o mention_n may_v continue_v to_o sit_v and_o transact_v public_a business_n yet_o be_v it_o during_o a_o plain_a usurpation_n upon_o those_o prince_n who_o you_o yourself_o must_v grant_v to_o have_v be_v unlawful_o depose_v and_o therefore_o we_o find_v upon_o the_o parliament_n roll_v of_o the_o 21_o st_z of_o richard_n the_o second_o that_o a_o act_n of_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n the_o three_o confirm_v the_o judgement_n give_v upon_o the_o two_o spencer_n ii_o be_v not_o only_o repeal_v in_o parliament_n but_o declare_v to_o be_v unlawful_a because_o edward_n the_o second_o be_v live_v and_o true_a king_n be_v imprison_v by_o his_o subject_n at_o the_o time_n of_o that_o very_a parliament_n of_o 1_o edward_n iii_o but_o as_o for_o your_o last_o instance_n of_o a_o convention_n declare_v itself_o a_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n charles_n the_o second_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o they_o and_o the_o present_a convention_n since_o they_o do_v not_o take_v upon_o they_o to_o declare_v or_o make_v a_o king_n as_o this_o convention_n have_v do_v but_o only_a to_o recognize_v he_o to_o be_v their_o lawful_a sovereign_n which_o as_o i_o have_v already_o tell_v you_o be_v that_o which_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o do_v they_o may_v very_o well_o justify_v though_o they_o be_v not_o summon_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n but_o however_o all_o their_o act_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o make_v without_o legal_a authority_n and_o therefore_o be_v confirm_v in_o the_o first_o legal_a parliament_n of_o king_n charles_n reign_n but_o as_o for_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 13_o the_o of_o eliz._n whereby_o you_o will_v prove_v that_o the_o parliament_n have_v at_o this_o day_n power_n to_o alter_v or_o limit_v the_o succession_n of_o the_o crown_n beside_o that_o such_o a_o act_n be_v against_o the_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o succession_n be_v void_a in_o itself_o yet_o if_o you_o please_v to_o look_v upon_o the_o act_n in_o rastal_n statute_n you_o will_v there_o find_v it_o be_v only_o make_v to_o serve_v a_o present_a turn_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o queen_n of_o scot_n and_o her_o party_n from_o enterprize_v any_o thing_n against_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v there_o only_o declare_v to_o be_v treason_n during_o the_o queen_n life_n for_o any_o person_n to_o maintain_v that_o the_o queen_n 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