to_o that_o of_o the_o sovereign_n of_o the_o wrongdoer_n and_o there_o implead_v he_o and_o pray_v for_o justice_n if_o a_o frenchman_n kill_v a_o frenchman_n one_o alien_a another_o upon_o the_o land_n of_o england_n the_o fact_n be_v commit_v within_o the_o local_a ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o against_o the_o peace_n and_o protection_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o therefore_o triable_a before_o his_o court_n but_o if_o two_o englishman_n be_v under_o the_o pay_n and_o service_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o one_o of_o they_o kill_v the_o other_o aboard_o a_o french_a man_n of_o war_n within_o the_o 4_o sea_n the_o french_a king_n judicature_n will_v have_v the_o conusance_n of_o the_o crime_n as_o do_v within_o his_o ligeance_n and_o against_o the_o peace_n and_o protection_n of_o his_o crown_n thus_o stand_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o to_o the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n and_o thus_o it_o have_v be_v for_o many_o age_n but_o yet_o there_o be_v a_o ancient_a 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covenant_v that_o each_o shall_v defend_v the_o other_o right_n and_o neither_o relieve_v the_o other_o enemy_n after_o this_o a_o war_n ensue_v betwixt_o philip_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n who_o edward_n secret_o savour_v whereupon_o reyner_n grimbald_n who_o be_v general_n at_o sea_n for_o the_o king_n of_o france_n take_v several_a ship_n both_o of_o england_n and_o of_o other_o nation_n trade_n to_o flanders_n and_o confiscate_v ship_n and_o good_n and_o imprison_v person_n as_o carry_v relief_n to_o a_o enemy_n upon_o which_o and_o other_o complaint_n commissioner_n be_v appoint_v by_o both_o king_n call_v in_o the_o roll_n write_v in_o norman_a french_a auditor_n deputez_fw-fr per_fw-la les_fw-fr roys_n d'engleterre_fw-fr &_o de_fw-fr france_n a_o redresser_n les_fw-fr damage_n faits_fw-fr the_o plaintiff_n who_o be_v of_o several_a nation_n appear_v by_o their_o procurator_n or_o attorney_n before_o the_o say_a commissioner_n and_o join_v all_o together_o in_o one_o 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wrongful_o assume_v the_o office_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o the_o say_v gea_n of_o england_n upon_o pretence_n of_o the_o say_a commission_n take_v the_o people_n and_o merchant_n &c_n &c_n they_o pray_v that_o the_o person_n ship_n and_o good_n so_o take_v may_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o who_o the_o counsance_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n of_o right_o appertain_v he_o who_o shall_v read_v more_o at_o large_a in_o the_o place_n before_o quote_v the_o magnificent_a attribute_n give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n of_o their_o be_v peaceable_o possess_v time_n immemorial_n of_o the_o sovereign_a dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n by_o ordain_v law_n and_o statute_n prohibit_v arm_n and_o arm_a vessel_n take_v surety_n and_o give_v safeguard_n and_o ordain_v all_o other_o thing_n necessary_a to_o the_o preservation_n of_o peace_n and_o right_n among_o all_o people_n pass_v upon_o that_o sea_n etc._n etc._n will_v at_o first_o view_n be_v ready_a to_o cry_v out_o suimus_fw-la troes_n fuit_fw-la ilium_n we_o be_v english_a man_n england_n be_v and_o yet_o perhaps_o no_o need_n of_o such_o exclamation_n at_o first_o read_v it_o seem_v to_o i_o at_o some_o distance_n like_o a_o stone_n wall_n athwart_o my_o way_n and_o no_o possibility_n of_o pass_v far_o but_o when_o i_o examine_v it_o more_o near_o i_o find_v it_o but_o a_o silken_a curtain_n of_o specious_a word_n draw_v artificial_o before_o the_o eye_n and_o easy_a to_o be_v put_v back_o by_o the_o hand_n 1._o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o all_o this_o be_v but_o a_o plaidoyé_n a_o plea_n or_o action_n a_o supplicatory_a libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n no_o definitive_a sentence_n or_o arrest_n nothing_o that_o do_v pass_v in_o rem_fw-la judicatam_fw-la this_o alone_a be_v there_o nothing_o more_o be_v sufficient_a to_o abate_v the_o intrinsic_a value_n of_o it_o the_o roll_n make_v no_o mention_n of_o any_o decision_n give_v by_o the_o delegate_n upon_o any_o the_o matter_n contain_v in_o the_o libel_n and_o either_o none_o be_v give_v which_o seem_v most_o probable_a and_o those_o controversy_n decide_v some_o other_o way_n or_o the_o roll_n be_v leave_v imperfect_a 2._o though_o the_o interessent_n of_o several_a nation_n as_o dane_n german_n hollander_n etc._n etc._n suffer_v damage_n by_o the_o seizure_n of_o grimbald_n in_o like_a manner_n as_o the_o english_a do_v and_o therefore_o join_v with_o they_o in_o the_o same_o libel_n yet_o the_o libel_n be_v pen_v by_o english_a council_n as_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o address_n or_o direction_n oâ—_n it_o a_o vous_fw-fr signior_n auditeurs_fw-fr deputez_fw-fr to_o you_o lord_n auditor_n depute_v par_fw-fr les_fw-fr roys_n d'engleterre_fw-fr &_o de_fw-fr france_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n where_o england_n have_v the_o preference_n of_o order_n to_o france_n contrary_a to_o the_o style_n of_o neutral_a nation_n of_o that_o age._n 3._o the_o allegation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v be_v time_n immemorial_n in_o the_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o french_a delegate_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o king_n their_o master_n but_o by_o english_a advocat_n in_o favour_n of_o their_o client_n cause_v the_o french_a king_n have_v commission_v grinthald_v to_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n at_o sea_n by_o arrest_v and_o confiscate_v ship_n and_o good_n and_o imprison_v person_n for_o carry_v relief_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n his_o enemy_n by_o which_o commission_n grimbald_n justify_v himself_o for_o do_v such_o act_n as_o be_v manifest_o repugnant_a to_o the_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o say_v sovereign_a dominion_n on_o the_o part_n of_o england_n if_o the_o king_n of_o france_n have_v acknowledge_v the_o admiral_n of_o england_n the_o only_a competent_a judge_n of_o thing_n do_v and_o commit_v upon_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n why_o do_v he_o together_o with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n depute_v auditor_n or_o delegate_n for_o determine_v those_o matter_n then_o in_o controversy_n 4._o the_o art_n in_o pen_v the_o say_a libel_n be_v remarkable_a it_o affirm_v the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n but_o it_o do_v not_o except_v against_o a_o power_n in_o the_o king_n of_o france_n to_o constitute_v a_o admiral_n with_o the_o like_a jurisdiction_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o sea_n towards_o flanders_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n have_v admiral_n before_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n the_o fair._n it_o be_v true_a that_o great_a body_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n have_v be_v cantonize_v and_o divide_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o german_a nation_n into_o many_o franca_n fâ—uda_n as_o they_o â—alied_v they_o free_a fee_n which_o be_v supreme_a and_o independent_a sovereignty_n only_o the_o person_n of_o those_o
order_n to_o a_o rateable_a composition_n to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o into_o the_o chequer_n of_o england_n and_o king_n charles_n the_o first_o in_o the_o 12_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n an._n 1636_o publish_v another_o royal_a proclamation_n to_o the_o same_o tenor_n also_o by_o which_o act_n those_o two_o king_n keep_v up_o the_o continual_a claim_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o a_o sole_a and_o appropriate_a fishery_n in_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o consequent_o to_o the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n thereof_o but_o neither_o of_o those_o public_a edict_n obtain_v from_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_n their_o due_a and_o just_a effect_n thus_o stand_v the_o case_n of_o the_o fishery_n and_o thus_o i_o have_v go_v over_o all_o the_o chief_a branch_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n fish_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o a_o limit_a fish_v and_o have_v faithful_o relate_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o how_o the_o practice_n be_v and_o have_v be_v betwixt_o we_o and_o our_o neighbour_n in_o reference_n to_o they_o all_o not_o so_o full_o indeed_o and_o ample_o as_o i_o may_v but_o sufficient_o to_o my_o purpose_n who_o design_v not_o a_o volume_n but_o a_o abstract_n there_o be_v still_o one_o thing_n behind_o concern_v the_o fishery_n which_o i_o shall_v mention_v and_o so_o conclude_v it_o be_v by_o way_n of_o temperament_n or_o relaxation_n and_o yet_o without_o renounce_v any_o thing_n it_o be_v a_o medium_n betwixt_o grasp_a at_o all_o and_o hold_v nothing_o it_o be_v what_o will_v great_o accommodate_v england_n if_o it_o can_v be_v obtain_v or_o if_o a_o proper_a season_n present_v for_o offer_v at_o it_o i_o say_v a_o season_n or_o fit_a conjuncture_n for_o what_o in_o natural_a philosophy_n among_o chemist_n be_v a_o just_a degree_n of_o heat_n necessary_a to_o the_o production_n of_o all_o great_a and_o admirable_a effect_n that_o in_o politic_n among_o statesman_n be_v a_o fit_a conjuncture_n the_o temperament_n or_o expedient_a which_o i_o mean_v be_v brief_o this_o a_o limit_a fish_n not_o a_o license_v but_o a_o limit_a one_o without_o licence_n this_o have_v both_o a_o foundation_n of_o solid_a reason_n to_o support_v it_o and_o be_v back_v also_o with_o precedent_n and_o authority_n sufficient_a to_o vindicate_v it_o from_o the_o imputation_n of_o a_o new_a project_n the_o reasonableness_n of_o it_o may_v be_v thus_o show_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o any_o sea_n and_o the_o right_n of_o the_o sole_a fish_n in_o it_o be_v so_o intimate_o connex_v yea_o so_o coessential_a one_o to_o the_o other_o that_o he_o who_o controvert_n the_o one_o will_v infallible_o dispute_v and_o opiniastre_n the_o other_o but_o he_o who_o acknowledge_v one_o of_o they_o will_v by_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n yield_v both_o and_o yet_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n undoubted_a and_o never_o bring_v into_o question_n by_o any_o but_o that_o every_o prince_n who_o country_n adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n and_o who_o shore_n be_v indent_v with_o bay_n creek_n havens_n and_o river_n have_v some_o portion_n of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o he_o in_o property_n as_o a_o accession_n of_o the_o land_n or_o appendant_a to_o it_o or_o rather_o incorporate_v with_o it_o like_o vein_n and_o artery_n integral_a part_n of_o the_o same_o body_n the_o forementioned_a king_n james_n 22._o vâ—dâ—sis_fw-la mar._n claus_n l._n 2._o cap._n 22._o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n an._n 1604_o cause_v a_o sea-chart_n to_o be_v publish_v describe_v all_o the_o coast_n round_a england_n by_o straight_a line_n draw_v from_o one_o promontory_n or_o foreland_n to_o another_o and_o all_o that_o be_v intercept_v and_o include_v within_o those_o line_n be_v call_v the_o king_n chamber_n and_o royal_a port_n and_o in_o the_o proclamation_n publish_v the_o same_o time_n and_o which_o refer_v to_o the_o say_a sea-chart_n they_o be_v call_v the_o place_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o all_o hostility_n betwixt_o foreigner_n in_o war_n one_o with_o another_o but_o in_o amity_n with_o england_n forbid_v within_o those_o precinct_n our_o law_n also_o make_v a_o considerable_a difference_n betwixt_o havens_n rivers_n creek_n and_o bay_n and_o the_o altum_fw-la mare_fw-la or_o high_a sea_n for_o the_o first_o be_v reckon_v infra_fw-la corpus_fw-la comitatus_fw-la as_o the_o law-phrase_n be_v part_n and_o member_n of_o the_o county_n of_o england_n and_o all_o plea_n of_o contract_n and_o other_o thing_n do_v there_o be_v triable_a by_o verdict_n and_o determinable_a at_o common_a law._n 22._o v._o co._n jurisd_v of_o court_n cap._n 22._o but_o the_o court_n of_o admiralty_n hold_v plea_n and_o conusance_n of_o all_o thing_n do_v upon_o the_o high_a sea_n as_o be_v out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n and_o consequent_o from_o whence_o no_o jury_n can_v be_v return_v for_o trial_n of_o issue_n if_o there_o be_v no_o certain_a standard_n in_o nature_n whereby_o to_o ascertain_v the_o precise_a boundary_n of_o that_o peculiar_a marine_a territory_n i_o be_o now_o speak_v to_o which_o belong_v to_o every_o prince_n in_o right_n of_o his_o land_n yet_o by_o treaty_n and_o agreement_n they_o may_v easy_o be_v reduce_v to_o certainty_n for_o as_o to_o the_o judgement_n and_o opinion_n of_o private_a person_n we_o can_v fetch_v from_o thence_o any_o true_a measure_n for_o though_o they_o all_o agree_v unanimous_o that_o there_o be_v something_o due_a of_o right_n yet_o they_o vary_v in_o the_o quantum_fw-la or_o how_o much_o dom._n bald._n ad_fw-la l._n de_fw-fr rer_fw-fr dom._n baldus_n reckon_v one_o hundred_o mile_n at_o sea_n as_o the_o district_n of_o the_o adjacent_a land._n bodin_n affirm_v it_o for_o a_o receive_a law_n among_o nation_n that_o the_o prince_n 10._o bed._n de_fw-fr repub_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o who_o country_n abut_v upon_o the_o sea_n shall_v have_v sixty_o miles_n jurisdiction_n from_o the_o shore_n and_o that_o it_o be_v so_o adjudge_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n another_o doctor_n will_v tell_v we_o that_o so_o much_o of_o the_o sea_n appertain_v to_o the_o land_n as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n can_v see_v from_o shore_n in_o a_o fair_a day_n but_o this_o will_v not_o serve_v our_o turn_n for_o if_o a_o man_n may_v see_v from_o dover_n to_o calais_n i_o suppose_v the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v from_o calais_n to_o dover_n and_o who_o shall_v the_o sea_n be_v betwixt_o therefore_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v to_o prescribe_v the_o limit_n of_o fish_v betwixt_o neighbour_a nation_n by_o contract_n and_o not_o by_o the_o less_o certain_a measure_n of_o territory_n for_o if_o no_o bound_n be_v fix_v how_o many_o inconvenience_n and_o what_o a_o licentious_a extravagance_n may_v such_o a_o liberty_n run_v into_o why_o may_v not_o the_o dutch_a as_o former_o they_o have_v do_v dredge_n for_o oyster_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o essex_n within_o the_o fishery_n of_o private_a person_n and_o within_o stream_n and_o water_n appertain_v to_o particular_a manor_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o crown_n why_o may_v they_o not_o fish_n within_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n or_o within_o our_o creek_n havens_n and_o river_n as_o far_o as_o salt_n water_n flow_v or_o to_o the_o first_o bridge_n if_o they_o will_v please_v to_o stop_v there_o be_v it_o reasonable_a that_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o distinction_n as_o to_o fish_n betwixt_o native_a and_o alien_a why_o then_o do_v they_o challenge_v to_o themselves_o those_o small_a sea_n and_o inlet_n within_o the_o vly_n and_o texel_n and_o all_o other_o stream_n which_o break_v in_o at_o a_o straight_a neck_n or_o isthmus_n of_o land_n form_n peninsula_n of_o water_n and_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o stand_a lake_n be_v enclose_v within_o the_o bank_n of_o those_o low-countries_n the_o state_n there_o farm_v out_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o south_n sea_n or_o zuyder_n and_o other_o stream_n to_o their_o own_o people_n and_o subject_n under_o the_o reservation_n of_o a_o yearly_o rend_v to_o be_v pay_v therefore_o and_o consequent_o exclude_v all_o other_o from_o it_o i_o hint_n these_o thing_n only_o to_o show_v the_o reasonableness_n of_o a_o limit_a fish_v and_o as_o to_o the_o authority_n by_o which_o it_o be_v strengthen_v i_o shall_v touch_v upon_o they_o also_o it_o be_v ancient_o covenant_v betwixt_o the_o crown_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o netherlands_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o fish_v within_o fourscore_o mile_n from_o the_o scottish_a shore_n my_o author_n be_v welwood_n a_o scotch_a lawyer_n in_o a_o little_a tract_n of_o his_o which_o i_o have_v read_v de_fw-fr dominio_fw-la maris_fw-la in_o the_o three_o chapter_n his_o word_n be_v non_fw-la possum_fw-la praeterire_fw-la quod_fw-la ante_fw-la saeculum_fw-la hoc_fw-la post_fw-la cruentissimam_fw-la ex_fw-la occasionibus_fw-la maritimis_fw-la discordiam_fw-la inter_fw-la scotos_fw-gr batavosque_fw-la res_fw-la in_o hunc_fw-la modum_fw-la compâ—sita_fw-la fuit_fw-la
license_v and_o enter_v according_a to_o order_n observation_n concern_v the_o dominion_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v a_o abstract_n of_o the_o marine_a affair_n of_o england_n by_o sir_n philip_n meadow_n knight_n in_o the_o savoy_n print_v by_o edw._n jones_n and_o sell_v by_o samuel_n lourdes_n against_o exeter_n change_n in_o the_o strand_n and_o by_o edward_n jones_n in_o the_o savoy_n 1689._o to_o the_o reader_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v most_o apt_a to_o be_v make_v the_o fair_a colour_n and_o specious_a pretence_n to_o a_o war_n betwixt_o england_n and_o holland_n when_o the_o real_a cause_n of_o such_o war_n be_v hide_v and_o remote_a so_o nothing_o will_v so_o effectual_o preserve_v a_o last_a union_n between_o they_o by_o hinder_v the_o root_n of_o discord_n from_o grow_v again_o as_o a_o true_a knowledge_n and_o right_a understanding_n of_o that_o matter_n about_o which_o there_o be_v many_o traditional_a mistake_v and_o popular_a 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the_o best_a jewel_n of_o his_o crown_n to_o be_v ravish_v from_o it_o and_o the_o regality_n thereof_o transmit_v to_o he_o from_o his_o most_o noble_a progenitor_n to_o be_v usurp_v by_o foreigner_n nor_o do_v the_o mischief_n cease_v here_o for_o in_o case_n he_o shall_v at_o any_o time_n enter_v into_o a_o war_n for_o the_o more_o vigorous_a assert_v and_o maintain_v those_o pretension_n and_o they_o not_o be_v include_v in_o the_o term_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o follow_a peace_n the_o inference_n will_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v so_o far_o worsted_n in_o the_o war_n as_o to_o be_v constrain_v to_o buy_v a_o peace_n if_o not_o by_o a_o total_a abandon_v of_o they_o yet_o at_o least_o by_o a_o temporary_a recession_n from_o those_o pretension_n let_v i_o add_v one_o consideration_n more_o if_o a_o war_n betwixt_o england_n and_o any_o other_o kingdom_n or_o state_n be_v ground_v and_o state_v upon_o a_o sea-dominion_n by_o help_n of_o this_o advantage_n a_o enemy_n will_v gain_v the_o weather-gage_n of_o we_o and_o derive_v from_o it_o a_o considerable_a benefit_n to_o himself_o hoc_fw-la ithacus_n velit_fw-la a_o dutchman_n will_v desire_v no_o better_o for_o by_o this_o mean_n we_o shall_v disoblige_v and_o disaffect_v all_o our_o neighbour_n to_o our_o cause_n and_o quarrel_n at_o such_o a_o time_n when_o we_o most_o need_v their_o friendship_n and_o assistance_n this_o will_v awaken_v fear_n and_o jealousy_n and_o strong_o alarm_n they_o to_o a_o early_a secure_n of_o their_o own_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n against_o those_o who_o will_v impropriate_a the_o sea_n they_o will_v not_o so_o much_o regard_v the_o justice_n of_o our_o cause_n as_o the_o consequent_n of_o our_o success_n and_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o range_v themselves_o with_o heart_n or_o hand_n or_o both_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v on_o that_o side_n to_o which_o they_o shall_v be_v invite_v by_o a_o common_a and_o complicate_v interest_n it_o will_v not_o be_v a_o war_n betwixt_o this_o prince_n and_o that_o betwixt_o holland_n and_o england_n but_o betwixt_o the_o continent_n and_o a_o island_n and_o the_o question_n will_v be_v brief_o this_o whether_o the_o island_n shall_v have_v the_o sea_n to_o herself_o or_o whether_o the_o continent_n shall_v have_v share_n with_o she_o as_o this_o be_v consonant_a and_o agreeable_a to_o reason_n to_o suppose_v that_o it_o will_v be_v so_o so_o it_o be_v verify_v by_o experience_n that_o in_o fact_n it_o have_v be_v so_o we_o need_v look_v back_o no_o far_o than_o the_o year_n 1665._o england_n be_v then_o in_o open_a war_n with_o holland_n and_o as_o previous_a thereto_o the_o parliament_n grant_v a_o royal_a aid_n the_o end_n whereof_o be_v public_o declare_v in_o the_o preamble_n of_o the_o act_n ii_o an._n 16_o &_o 17_o car._n ii_o viz._n to_o equip_n and_o set_v out_o to_o sea_n a_o royal_a navy_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o majesty_n ancient_a and_o undoubted_a sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n 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from_o he_o be_v to_o set_v a_o superior_a over_o he_o and_o to_o exercise_v jurisdiction_n within_o his_o territory_n without_o a_o authority_n derive_v from_o he_o be_v to_o king_n it_o in_o another_o kingdom_n to_o set_v up_o coordinate_a supremes_n within_o one_o realm_n in_o matter_n of_o the_o same_o civil_a cognisance_n which_o be_v as_o much_o a_o contradiction_n as_o to_o affirm_v many_o infinits_z for_z as_o the_o infinity_o of_o one_o make_v all_o other_o finite_a so_o the_o supremacy_n of_o one_o make_v all_o other_o subordinate_a three_o from_o a_o right_n of_o fish_v within_o those_o sea_n without_o special_a licence_n first_o obtain_v from_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o seignory_n and_o under_o such_o condition_n and_o consideration_n as_o he_o shall_v think_v fit_a the_o reason_n be_v because_o this_o be_v the_o patrimonial_a property_n of_o his_o crown_n and_o the_o fishery_n be_v in_o a_o manner_n all_o the_o profit_n that_o his_o great_a sea_n territory_n yield_v he_o 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of_o naval_a stâ—res_n in_o constant_a readiness_n as_o shall_v be_v sufficient_a to_o answer_v aâ—_n occasion_n be_v not_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n this_o be_v â—ower_n not_o property_n though_o the_o property_n and_o honour_n toâ—_n especial_o of_o a_o island_n prince_n be_v best_a secure_v and_o support_v by_o such_o â—ower_n neither_o be_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o flag_n and_o of_o require_v foreign_a ship_n to_o lower_v their_o sail_n and_o do_v a_o reverence_n any_o part_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n nor_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o it_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v present_o much_o less_o do_v such_o usual_a expression_n and_o word_n as_o these_o the_o british_a sea_n the_o sea_n of_o england_n our_o sea_n import_v any_o legal_a dominion_n but_o only_o denote_v a_o geographical_a description_n as_o mare_n flandricum_n mare_fw-la nermannicum_fw-la more_n arâ—mericum_n mare_fw-la aquitanicum_fw-la and_o a_o hundred_o other_o do_v and_o nothing_o more_o usual_a than_o for_o sea_n to_o receive_v their_o denomination_n from_o the_o shore_n they_o roll_v upon_o and_o our_o sea_n be_v the_o sea_n which_o roll_n upon_o our_o shore_n but_o that_o which_o occasion_n the_o ordinary_a and_o most_o frequent_a mistake_n be_v the_o word_n dominion_n it_o be_v equivocal_a and_o of_o a_o doubtful_a sense_n as_o the_o latin_a word_n impertum_fw-la and_o dominium_fw-la likewise_o be_v for_o sometime_o they_o be_v take_v strict_o and_o legal_o denote_v property_n and_o thus_o imperium_fw-la and_o dominium_fw-la be_v the_o same_o with_o public_a and_o private_a property_n according_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n 5._o seâ—de_v beneâ—_n l._n 8._o c._n 5._o râ—x_fw-la emnia_fw-la possidet_fw-la imperio_fw-la singuli_fw-la dominio_fw-la the_o king_n possess_v all_o by_o his_o sovereignty_n and_o yet_o particular_a person_n have_v their_o private_a possession_n too_o but_o then_o again_o sometime_o they_o be_v take_v loose_o and_o historical_o denote_v power_n only_o and_o command_v as_o pompeio_n datum_fw-la est_fw-la imperium_fw-la maris_fw-la intra_fw-la herculis_fw-la columnas_fw-la the_o roman_a people_n give_v imperium_fw-la maris_fw-la to_o pompey_n the_o command_n of_o the_o sea_n not_o the_o property_n of_o it_o they_o commissioned_n he_o their_o admiral_n or_o general_n at_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o the_o strait_n mouth_n thus_o some_o of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n be_v entitle_v terrae_fw-la marisque_fw-la domini_fw-la lord_n or_o despot_n of_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o land_n so_o be_v vespasian_n call_v by_o josephus_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v but_o lord_n in_o power_n not_o in_o property_n 1._o jure_fw-la naturali_fw-la communia_fw-la sunt_fw-la omnium_fw-la aer_fw-la aqua_fw-la profluens_fw-la &_o mare_n inst_z de_fw-fr rer._n diu._n par._n 1._o for_o by_o the_o very_a text_n of_o the_o roman_a law_n as_o it_o be_v afterward_o compile_v by_o justinian_n the_o sea_n be_v account_v as_o common_a as_o the_o air_n and_o that_o by_o natural_a right_n and_o thus_o some_o man_n understand_v no_o more_o by_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n than_o what_o our_o usual_a sea-phrase_n import_v to_o ride_v master_n at_o sea_n or_o of_o the_o sea._n but_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v master_n of_o it_o in_o a_o historical_a and_o military_a sense_n by_o a_o superiority_n of_o power_n and_o command_n as_o the_o general_n of_o a_o victorious_a fleet_n be_v another_o thing_n to_o be_v master_n of_o it_o in_o a_o legal_a sense_n by_o a_o possessory_a right_n as_o the_o ture_n owner_n and_o proprietor_n of_o it_o be_v in_o like_a manner_n we_o say_v of_o a_o general_n at_o land_n that_o he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n master_n of_o it_o in_o power_n not_o owner_n of_o it_o in_o title_n property_n be_v a_o fix_a and_o permanent_a right_n a_o man_n may_v lose_v his_o seisin_n and_o yet_o retain_v his_o title_n a_o usurper_n be_v no_o owner_n but_o power_n be_v flit_a and_o transitory_a and_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o possession_n be_v lose_v the_o power_n be_v go_v if_o we_o confound_v power_n and_o property_n potestas_fw-la &_o proprietas_fw-la by_o a_o promiscuous_a use_n of_o the_o one_o for_o the_o other_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n will_v be_v like_o that_o of_o our_o cornishman_n ball_n at_o one_o of_o their_o hurling_n it_o be_v his_o who_o can_v catch_v it_o so_o long_o as_o he_o can_v keep_v it_o till_o another_o get_v it_o from_o he_o i_o shall_v add_v one_o quotation_n more_o out_o of_o the_o roman_a story_n not_o whole_o unworthy_a observation_n 4._o 〈◊〉_d anâ—â—â—_n 4._o tacitus_n say_v italiam_fw-la utroque_fw-la mari_fw-fr dvae_fw-la class_n misenum_n apud_fw-la &_o ravennam_fw-la praesidebant_fw-la two_o fleet_n guard_v italy_n on_o both_o sea_n one_o at_o misenum_n the_o other_o at_o ravenna_n 〈◊〉_d sueton._n vit._n 〈◊〉_d and_o suetonius_n ascribe_v the_o first_o institution_n thereof_o to_o augustus_n classem_fw-la miseni_fw-la &_o alteram_fw-la ravennae_fw-la ad_fw-la tutelam_fw-la superi_fw-la &_o inferi_fw-la maris_fw-la collocavit_fw-la the_o fleet_n at_o misenum_n be_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o upper_a sea_n towards_o gaul_n and_o spain_n westward_n the_o other_o at_o ravenna_n be_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o low_a sea_n towards_o epirus_n and_o greece_n eastward_n our_o king_n in_o england_n have_v so_o exact_o follow_v this_o model_n of_o augustus_n that_o one_o will_v think_v they_o have_v copy_v from_o his_o original_a have_v italy_n a_o upper_a and_o low_a sea_n so_o have_v england_n our_o upper_a sea_n be_v that_o northwards_o betwixt_o england_n and_o germany_n our_o low_a sea_n that_o south_n westward_o betwixt_o england_n and_o france_n have_v the_o roman_a emperor_n their_o distinct_a fleet_n one_o for_o each_o sea_n our_o king_n have_v their_o distinct_a admiralty_n one_o for_o the_o north_n and_o another_o for_o the_o south_n reckon_v north_n and_o south_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n their_o
dover_n and_o the_o dutch_a fleet_n put_v out_o in_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o north-east_n sea_n and_o fight_v the_o spanish_a fleet_n in_o the_o down_n it_o be_v true_a that_o sir_n john_n pennington_n who_o then_o command_v the_o english_a guard_n endeavour_v to_o hinder_v they_o from_o sight_v so_o near_o the_o port_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o security_n and_o protection_n of_o they_o and_o trouble_v the_o commerce_n and_o intercourse_n of_o the_o king_n liege_n and_n ally_n but_o no_o complaint_n make_v either_o then_o or_o afterward_o of_o the_o two_o fleet_n of_o war_n enter_v the_o sea_n aforesaid_a parcel_n of_o the_o dominion_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n without_o a_o special_a licence_n first_o ask_v and_o obtain_v and_o it_o will_v be_v time_n misspend_v to_o recount_v how_o often_o either_o spaniard_n french_a or_o dutch_a have_v enter_v these_o sea_n with_o arm_a fleet_n and_o convoy_n as_o their_o occasion_n oblige_v they_o free_o without_o leave_n and_o without_o control_n i_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o private_a notice_n and_o intimation_n which_o one_o prince_n may_v in_o friendly_a manner_n give_v another_o to_o satisfy_v he_o of_o the_o reason_n of_o any_o extraordinary_a military_a preparation_n and_o of_o the_o clearness_n of_o his_o intention_n towards_o he_o but_o of_o a_o formal_a previous_a leave_n to_o be_v ask_v and_o obtain_v by_o a_o foreign_a prince_n or_o state_n before_o they_o put_v out_o to_o sea_n upon_o the_o maritime_a territory_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o a_o warlike_a equipage_n in_o the_o year_n 165â—_n the_o state_n general_n give_v public_a notice_n by_o their_o ambassador_n here_o in_o england_n that_o they_o have_v resolve_v to_o fit_v out_o to_o sea_n a_o extraordinary_a fleet_n of_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o man_n of_o war_n beside_o those_o in_o present_a service_n for_o the_o security_n and_o preservation_n of_o their_o navigation_n and_o commerce_n they_o do_v not_o ask_v leave_n to_o do_v it_o but_o first_o resolve_v upon_o it_o and_o then_o give_v notice_n and_o they_o pretend_v this_o notice_n be_v a_o argument_n of_o their_o sincerity_n and_o good_a will_n in_o order_n to_o prevent_v all_o misunderstanding_n and_o finist_a interpretation_n but_o they_o in_o england_n understand_v it_o otherwise_o and_o resent_v it_o as_o a_o bravado_n and_o insult_n i_o pass_v now_o to_o the_o second_o incident_a of_o the_o sovereignty_n 1661._o of_o the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n and_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n videsis_n we_o &_o corstumâ—s_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mer_n print_v at_o boâ—â—deaux_n 1661._o to_o examine_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o to_o that_o viz._n the_o marine_a jurisdiction_n it_o be_v common_o affirm_v by_o english_a writer_n that_o our_o king_n richard_n the_o first_o the_o french_a give_v a_o different_a account_n do_v in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n make_v and_o declare_v certain_a marine_a law_n for_o the_o better_a regulation_n of_o commerce_n which_o from_o the_o place_n of_o their_o first_o publication_n be_v call_v the_o law_n of_o oleron_n a_o small_a island_n situate_a in_o the_o bay_n of_o aquitain_n and_o a_o member_n of_o that_o great_a and_o wealthy_a duchy_n which_o be_v in_o the_o actual_a possession_n of_o king_n richard_n as_o his_o maternal_a inheritance_n for_o it_o come_v to_o his_o father_n henry_n the_o second_o by_o marriage_n with_o elinor_n daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o william_n duke_n of_o aquitain_n and_o by_o the_o way_n it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o this_o duchy_n either_o in_o whole_a or_o part_n continue_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o ten_o descent_n to_o the_o 32d_o of_o henry_n the_o six_o near_o 300_o year_n though_o that_o of_o normandy_n continue_v but_o five_o descent_n and_o end_v in_o king_n john._n but_o whether_o these_o law_n be_v publish_v as_o aforesaid_a by_o king_n richard_n or_o whether_o about_o sixty_o year_n after_o as_o some_o print_a edition_n will_v have_v they_o be_v not_o a_o enquiry_n pertinent_a to_o this_o place_n be_v it_o admit_v those_o law_n be_v publish_v by_o king_n richard_n who_o be_v actual_a duke_n both_o of_o aquitain_n and_o normandy_n and_o in_o right_a of_o the_o latter_a lord_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a channel_n the_o great_a intercourse_n betwixt_o his_o english_a and_o french_a subject_n and_o those_o of_o his_o ally_n require_v a_o certain_a rule_n of_o sea-law_n for_o the_o more_o speedy_a and_o impartial_a determination_n of_o all_o controversy_n which_o may_v occasional_o arise_v these_o law_n of_o oleron_n as_o to_o the_o main_a of_o they_o be_v but_o a_o transcript_n of_o the_o old_a rhodian_a law_n with_o some_o new_a addition_n and_o amendment_n accommodate_v to_o the_o practice_n of_o that_o age_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o western_a nation_n who_o thereupon_o may_v ready_o conform_v to_o they_o as_o to_o a_o common_a standard_n and_o measure_n like_o a_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o the_o more_o equal_a distribution_n of_o justice_n among_o the_o people_n of_o different_a government_n but_o to_o infer_v from_o hence_o a_o universal_a monarchy_n at_o sea_n and_o that_o king_n richard_n in_o right_a of_o his_o imperial_a crown_n of_o england_n and_o ducal_z crown_n of_o nâ—rmandy_n and_o aquitain_n do_v as_o sole_a or_o supreme_a legislator_n for_o the_o marine_a authoritative_o impose_v sea-law_n upon_o the_o people_n and_o subject_n oâ—_n other_o nation_n be_v but_o a_o strain_a inference_n the_o roman_n be_v far_o enough_o from_o yield_v a_o sea-sovereignty_n to_o the_o little_a republic_n of_o rhodes_n and_o yet_o be_v so_o well_o satisfy_v with_o the_o equity_n of_o their_o sea-law_n that_o they_o not_o only_o conform_v to_o they_o dâ—â—â—l_n lab._n 11._o dâ—â—â—l_n but_o incorporate_v they_o into_o the_o body_n of_o their_o digest_v and_o as_o the_o rhodian_a law_n obtain_v in_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o the_o law_n of_o oleron_n in_o the_o western_a and_o english_a sea_n so_o the_o law_n of_o wisbuy_n a_o town_n situate_a upon_o the_o little_a isle_n of_o gotland_n in_o the_o eastern_a part_n of_o the_o baltic_a former_o under_o denmark_n now_o under_o the_o crown_n of_o sueden_n call_v from_o thence_o leges_fw-la wisbuicenses_fw-la 19â—_n pâ—â—k_v in_fw-ge 〈…〉_o tit._n diâ—_n &_o cod._n 〈…〉_o p._n 19â—_n be_v receive_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o the_o northern_a trader_n as_o a_o common_a measure_n for_o all_o nautick_a assair_n to_o the_o northwards_o of_o the_o rhine_n and_o throughout_o the_o whole_a baltic_a that_o the_o sea_n be_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v a_o matter_n unquestionable_a not_o at_o home_n only_o but_o among_o all_o nation_n his_o admiral_n have_v and_o ever_o have_v through_o a_o long_a series_n of_o age_n the_o conusance_n of_o all_o contract_n plea_n and_o querrels_n make_v upon_o the_o sea_n out_o of_o the_o body_n of_o any_o county_n of_o england_n which_o power_n be_v enlarge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 15_o r._n 2._o cap._n 3._o to_o death_n and_o mayhem_n upon_o great_a ship_n in_o the_o main_a stream_n of_o great_a river_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 28._o hen._n 8._o cap._n 15._o a_o court_n of_o commission_n may_v be_v hold_v under_o the_o great_a seal_n coram_fw-la admirallo_fw-la etc._n etc._n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v all_o treason_n felony_n robbery_n etc._n etc._n do_v or_o commit_v upon_o the_o sea._n but_o then_o it_o be_v evident_a and_o undeniable_a also_o that_o the_o neighbour_a kingdom_n and_o state_n who_o border_n upon_o the_o sea_n have_v their_o distinct_a admiralty_n likewise_o and_o have_v long_o since_o have_v where_o their_o subject_n and_o people_n receive_v sinal_a sentence_n in_o all_o maritime_a cause_n without_o exception_n of_o any_o sea_n or_o without_o appeal_n to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o the_o last_o resort_n or_o as_o have_v supreme_a conusance_n of_o all_o thing_n do_v and_o commit_v in_o and_o upon_o the_o british_a sea_n if_o a_o french_a or_o dutch_a vessel_n take_v a_o pirate_n of_o what_o nation_n soever_o who_o have_v commit_v a_o robbery_n upon_o the_o english_a sea_n they_o do_v not_o remit_v he_o to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o to_o the_o sole_a tribunal_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v do_v to_o receive_v sentence_n there_o but_o they_o carry_v he_o before_o their_o own_o judicatories_n and_o judge_v he_o as_o a_o enemy_n of_o mankind_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n if_o one_o foreigner_n do_v any_o injury_n to_o another_o be_v it_o fraud_n or_o violence_n upon_o the_o british_a sea_n the_o party_n injure_v make_v not_o his_o complaint_n to_o the_o admiralty_n of_o england_n as_o the_o proper_a court_n and_o as_o have_v the_o sole_a juridical_a conusance_n of_o his_o plea_n but_o resort_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o own_o sovereign_n or_o
stand_v on_o both_o side_n upon_o a_o equal_a foot_n both_o lord_n equal_o give_v and_o take_v a_o undisturbed_a liberty_n for_o their_o respective_a tenant_n this_o i_o humble_o conceive_v be_v good_a evidence_n that_o the_o fishery_n lie_v common_a to_o both_o manor_n suppose_v again_o this_o lake_n to_o be_v the_o sea_n and_o the_o two_o manor_n to_o be_v two_o kingdom_n and_o the_o case_n will_v still_o be_v the_o same_o none_o of_o our_o league_n and_o treaty_n make_v either_o with_o the_o house_n of_o burgundy_n or_o with_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n since_o the_o union_n of_o those_o two_o house_n or_o with_o the_o state_n general_n since_o their_o disunion_n from_o both_o have_v ever_o reserve_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n any_o annual_a payment_n fee-farm_n or_o consideration_n for_o their_o liberty_n of_o fish_v in_o our_o sea_n a_o certain_a sum_n be_v never_o agree_v a_o uncertain_a one_o can_v never_o be_v demand_v and_o yet_o sir_n john_n borough_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n say_v that_o philip_n the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n obtain_v of_o queen_n mary_n his_o wise_a licence_n for_o his_o subject_n to_o fish_n upon_o the_o north_n coast_n of_o ireland_n they_o pay_v yearly_a for_o the_o same_o one_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a which_o be_v according_o pay_v into_o the_o exchequer_n of_o ireland_n but_o instead_o of_o a_o authentic_a record_n he_o vouch_v only_o the_o hearsay_n of_o sir_n edward_n fitton_n son_n to_o sir_n henry_n fitton_n sometime_o treasurer_n of_o ireland_n who_o he_o say_v have_v often_o testify_v it_o this_o may_v the_o rather_o be_v suspect_v of_o mistake_n 1602._o annal._n eliz._n an._n 1602._o because_o mr._n cambden_n relate_v how_o that_o queen_n elizabeth_n have_v send_v four_o ambassador_n whereof_o one_o be_v principal_a secretary_n of_o state_n and_o not_o light_o to_o be_v suppose_v ignorant_a of_o such_o a_o affair_n to_o treat_v at_o bremen_n with_o the_o ambassador_n of_o denmark_n upon_o complaint_n of_o that_o king_n be_v forbid_v foreigner_n the_o freedom_n of_o fish_v betwixt_o norway_n and_o iseland_n both_o appertain_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o denmark_n the_o queen_n ambassador_n open_o affirm_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v in_o no_o time_n forbid_v the_o freedom_n of_o fish_v in_o the_o irish_a sea_n albeit_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o both_o bank_n the_o say_a mr._n cambden_n in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o north-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n speak_v of_o scarborow-castle_n say_v that_o the_o hollander_n and_o zelander_n take_v wonderful_a quantity_n of_o herring_n upon_o this_o coast_n cùm_fw-la veniam_fw-la priùs_fw-la veteri_fw-la instituto_fw-la ex_fw-la hoc_fw-la castro_n impetraverint_fw-la whereas_o they_o be_v wont_a by_o ancient_a use_n to_o ask_v leave_n first_o of_o the_o castle_n for_o say_v he_o the_o english_a always_o give_v leave_v to_o fish_n reserve_v that_o honour_n to_o themselves_o but_o slothful_o resign_v the_o profit_n to_o other_o but_o all_o this_o while_n he_o quote_v no_o authority_n neither_o nor_o direct_v we_o to_o any_o original_a record_n where_o we_o may_v consult_v the_o plain_a truth_n of_o the_o case_n perhaps_o what_o he_o historical_o call_v ask_v leave_n be_v but_o give_v notice_n of_o their_o arrival_n and_o acquaint_v the_o governor_n who_o they_o be_v and_o what_o their_o business_n be_v upon_o the_o coast_n lest_o under_o the_o disguise_n of_o fisherman_n pirate_n and_o enemy_n may_v privy_o hide_v themselves_o and_o probable_o he_o by_o his_o civility_n to_o the_o fisherman_n may_v make_v some_o perquisit_n and_o profit_n to_o his_o place_n by_o permit_v they_o as_o occasion_v require_v to_o dry_v their_o net_n ashore_o to_o fetch_v victual_v or_o fresh_a water_n from_o land_n to_o fish_v within_o the_o havens_n and_o bays_n where_o common_o the_o best_a feed_v fish_n be_v take_v but_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o governor_n of_o scarborow_n have_v so_o indefinite_a a_o power_n as_o to_o enable_v he_o to_o give_v leave_n upon_o bare_a ask_v without_o any_o further_a condition_n or_o consideration_n to_o all_o foreigner_n to_o fish_v at_o pleasure_n within_o the_o royalty_n of_o the_o crown_n however_o it_o be_v too_o manifest_a that_o no_o prince_n nor_o state_n do_v ever_o pay_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n any_o yearly_a sum_n of_o money_n or_o other_o valuable_a consideration_n for_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o subject_n fish_v upon_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n for_o have_v such_o sum_n be_v pay_v it_o will_v have_v pass_v into_o the_o account_n of_o the_o exchequer_n as_o a_o branch_n of_o the_o royal_a revenue_n and_o there_o remain_v upon_o record_n as_o for_o the_o case_n of_o my_o lord_n of_o northumberland_n in_o the_o year_n 1636_o that_o be_v extraordinary_a and_o will_v not_o pass_v for_o a_o precedent_n the_o dutch_a buss_n be_v then_o require_v by_o the_o english_a admiral_n to_o take_v licence_n from_o he_o for_o fish_v in_o the_o northern_a sea_n and_o to_o pay_v moderate_a rate_n for_o the_o obtain_v those_o licence_n which_o they_o do_v to_o redeem_v themselves_o from_o the_o forcible_a molestation_n of_o a_o well-appointed_a fleet._n so_o that_o this_o be_v the_o compulsory_a act_n of_o private_a person_n not_o the_o voluntary_a act_n of_o the_o states-general_n who_o be_v so_o far_o from_o consent_v to_o what_o be_v do_v that_o they_o make_v remonstrance_n and_o complaint_n of_o this_o proceed_v by_o their_o ambassador_n here_o in_o england_n and_o as_o it_o appear_v not_o by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o any_o recompense_n be_v give_v by_o foreigner_n for_o liberty_n of_o fish_v within_o our_o sea_n so_o neither_o do_v it_o appear_v by_o any_o the_o public_a treaty_n that_o the_o subject_n of_o any_o foreign_a prince_n shall_v ask_v leave_n for_o so_o do_v by_o stipulation_n and_o contract_n though_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o have_v it_o without_o pay_v any_o thing_n only_o by_o the_o bare_a ask_n to_o keep_v in_o memory_n a_o perpetual_a acknowledgement_n of_o a_o beneficiary_n grant_v derive_v from_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n as_o supreme_a lord_n of_o the_o fee._n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o treaty_n caution_n for_o a_o liberty_n of_o fish_v absque_fw-la licentia_fw-la without_o any_o leave_n or_o licence_n first_o to_o be_v ask_v and_o yet_o england_n have_v ask_v leave_n and_o covenant_v so_o to_o do_v of_o a_o foreign_a crown_n i_o will_v not_o have_v mention_v this_o have_v it_o be_v a_o secret_a but_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n public_a and_o in_o print_n by_o treaty_n make_v and_o conclude_v in_o the_o year_n 1490_o betwixt_o henry_n the_o seven_o of_o england_n and_o john_n the_o second_o king_n of_o denmark_n which_o treaty_n be_v afterward_o renew_v betwixt_o our_o henry_n the_o eight_o and_o their_o christiern_n the_o second_o anno_fw-la 1523._o it_o be_v mutual_o covenant_v that_o the_o liegeman_n merchant_n and_o fisherman_n of_o england_n shall_v fish_n and_o traffic_n upon_o the_o northern_a sea_n betwixt_o norwey_n and_o iseland_n 16â—0_n v._o cambd._n annal_n ad_fw-la an._n 16â—0_n but_o under_o a_o proviso_n of_o first_o ask_v leave_n and_o renew_v their_o licence_n from_o seven_o year_n to_o seven_o year_n de_fw-fr septâ—unio_n in_o septennium_fw-la from_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n and_o nâ—rwey_n and_o their_o successor_n they_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o treaty_n but_o as_o navigation_n enlarge_v and_o england_n grow_v more_o opulent_a in_o trade_n and_o posent_v at_o sea_n all_o this_o be_v go_v into_o utter_a disuse_n and_o discontinuance_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n may_v with_o better_a right_n prohibit_v the_o subject_n of_o denmâ—k_n from_o pass_v the_o english_a sea_n or_o channel_n without_o special_a licence_n first_o obtain_v than_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n can_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n from_o pass_v the_o northern_a sea_n betwixt_o dâ—â—â—ark_n and_o iseland_n there_o be_v a_o record_n 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o which_o mr._n selden_n quote_v out_o of_o a_o parliament_n role_n of_o king_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v very_o remarkable_a it_o be_v a_o grant_n in_o parliament_n of_o a_o imposition_n according_a to_o certain_a rate_n and_o proportion_n upon_o all_o vessel_n pass_v or_o fish_v within_o the_o admiralty_n of_o the_o north_n viz._n upon_o the_o sea_n northwards_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n the_o rate_n be_v as_o follow_v 1._o to_o take_v of_o every_o ship_n go_v and_o come_v upon_o that_o sea_n six_o penny_n a_o tun_n for_o the_o voyage_n 2._o to_o take_v of_o every_o vessel_n fish_v for_o herring_n six_o penny_n a_o tun_n by_o the_o week_n 3._o to_o take_v of_o vessel_n fish_v for_o other_o fish_n six_o penny_n a_o tun_n for_o every_o three_o week_n 4._o of_o ship_n lade_v at_o newcastle_n with_o coal_n six_o penny_n a_o tun_n for_o every_o three_o month_n 5._o to_o take_v of_o all_o