place_n herring_n be_v every_o day_n meat_n winter_n and_o summer_n as_o well_o to_o draw_v on_o drink_n as_o to_o satisfy_v hunger_n and_o in_o most_o place_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o year_n they_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v have_v for_o present_o after_o michaëlmas_n the_o sound_n and_o rivers_n be_v freeze_v up_o so_o as_o no_o herring_n can_v be_v transport_v into_o twenty_o several_a kingdom_n and_o free_a state_n until_o july_n which_o be_v for_o thirty_o week_n space_n together_o so_o that_o when_o lent_n come_v there_o be_v few_o to_o be_v buy_v for_o money_n last_o since_o by_o care_n and_o industry_n we_o gain_v from_o the_o fleming_n doubtless_o so_o by_o the_o mean_v we_o may_v as_o easy_o grow_v expert_a in_o the_o art_n of_o fish_v and_o in_o time_n make_v it_o a_o staple_n commodity_n of_o our_o own_o but_o this_o we_o shall_v the_o better_o and_o soon_o do_v if_o we_o consider_v and_o endeavour_v to_o reform_v certain_a want_n and_o abuse_n which_o hitherto_o have_v hinder_v we_o from_o effect_v that_o good_a and_o great_a work_n whereof_o these_o that_o follow_v be_v none_o of_o the_o least_o 1._o general_n liberty_n of_o eat_a flesh_n contrary_n to_o old_a custom_n and_o the_o statute-law_n provide_v for_o observe_v fish-day_n from_o whence_o our_o scarcity_n and_o dearth_n of_o fish_n proceed_v for_o where_o flesh_n be_v ordinary_o spend_v fish_n will_v not_o be_v buy_v and_o want_v of_o sale_n decay_v all_o trade_n gain_v be_v the_o nurse_n of_o industry_n 2._o want_v of_o order_n and_o discretion_n in_o our_o fish_n every_o man_n be_v leave_v to_o himself_o and_o permit_v to_o fish_n as_o best_o like_v he_o whereas_o among_o the_o hollander_n two_o of_o the_o best_a experience_a fisherman_n be_v appoint_v to_o guide_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o fleet_n all_o other_o be_v bind_v to_o follow_v they_o and_o to_o cast_v their_o line_n according_a to_o their_o direction_n 3._o the_o hollander_n and_o other_o nation_n set_v forth_o with_o their_o buss_n in_o june_n to_o find_v the_o shoal_n of_o fish_n and_o have_v find_v it_o dwell_v among_o it_o till_o november_n whereas_o we_o stay_v till_o the_o herring_n come_v home_o to_o our_o rode-stead_n and_o sometime_o suffer_v they_o to_o pass_v by_o ere_o we_o look_v out_o our_o herring-fishing_a contain_v only_o seven_o week_n at_o the_o most_o and_o there_o be_v twenty_o 4._o the_o hollander_n buss_n be_v great_a and_o strong_a and_o able_a to_o brook_v foul_a weather_n whereas_o our_o cobles_n crayer_n and_o boat_n be_v small_a and_o thin_a side_v be_v easy_o swallow_v by_o a_o rough_a sea_n not_o dare_v to_o adventure_v far_o in_o fair_a weather_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o weakness_n for_o fear_n of_o storm_n 5._o the_o hollander_n be_v industrious_a and_o no_o soon_o be_v discharge_v of_o their_o lade_n but_o present_o put_v forth_o for_o more_o and_o seek_v for_o market_n abroad_o as_o well_o as_o at_o home_n whereas_o our_o english_a after_o they_o have_v be_v once_o at_o sea_n do_v common_o never_o return_v again_o until_o all_o the_o money_n take_v for_o their_o fish_n be_v spend_v and_o they_o in_o debt_n seek_v only_o to_o serve_v the_o next_o market_n 6._o the_o hollander_n have_v certain_a merchant_n who_o during_o the_o herring-season_n do_v only_o come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o buss_n arrive_v and_o join_v together_o in_o several_a company_n do_v present_o agree_v for_o the_o lade_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o buss_n at_o once_o and_o so_o be_v discharge_v they_o may_v speedy_o return_v to_o their_o former_a ship_n whereas_o our_o fisherman_n be_v uncertain_a of_o their_o chapman_n and_o force_v to_o spend_v much_o time_n in_o put_v off_o their_o fish_n by_o parcel_n these_o and_o other_o defect_n will_v careful_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n and_o certain_a order_n make_v to_o make_v our_o fish_n prosperous_a and_o successful_a especial_o consider_v the_o fearful_a mischief_n the_o neglect_n hereof_o have_v bring_v to_o the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n in_o general_n and_o to_o many_o good_a town_n and_o corporation_n in_o particular_a as_o by_o authority_n even_o of_o parliament_n itself_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 33_o hen._n the_o eight_o be_v plain_o testify_v which_o i_o have_v summary_o here_o set_v down_o to_o avoid_v the_o prolixity_n of_o the_o original_n because_o the_o english_a fisherman_n dwell_v on_o the_o seacoast_n do_v leave_v off_o their_o trade_n of_o fish_v in_o our_o sea_n and_o go_v the_o half-sea_n over_o and_o there_o upon_o the_o sea_n do_v buy_v fish_n of_o pickard_n fleming_n norman_n and_o zelander_n by_o reason_n whereof_o many_o incommodity_n do_v grow_v to_o the_o realm_n viz._n the_o decay_n of_o the_o wealth_n and_o prosperity_n as_o well_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n and_o member_n of_o the_o same_o as_o of_o other_o coast-town_n by_o the_o seaside_n which_o be_v build_v and_o inhabit_v by_o great_a multitude_n of_o people_n by_o reason_n of_o use_v and_o exercise_v the_o craft_n and_o feat_n of_o fish_v second_o the_o decay_n of_o a_o great_a number_n of_o boat_n and_o ship_n and_o three_o the_o decay_n of_o many_o good_a mariner_n both_o able_a in_o body_n by_o their_o diligence_n labour_n and_o continual_a exercise_n of_o fish_v and_o expert_a by_o reason_n thereof_o in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o seacoast_n as_o well_o within_o this_o realm_n as_o in_o other_o part_n beyond_o the_o sea_n it_o be_v therefore_o enact_v that_o no_o manner_n of_o person_n english_a denizen_n or_o stranger_n at_o that_o time_n or_o any_o time_n after_o dwell_v in_o england_n shall_v buy_v any_o fish_n of_o any_o stranger_n in_o the_o say_a port_n of_o flanders_n zealand_n picardy_n france_n or_o upon_o the_o sea_n between_o shore_n and_o shore_n etc._n etc._n this_o act_n by_o many_o continuance_n be_v continue_v from_o parliament_n to_o parliament_n until_o the_o first_o of_o queen_n marie_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o next_o parliament_n and_o then_o expire_v for_o conclusion_n see_v by_o that_o which_o have_v former_o be_v declare_v it_o evident_o appear_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o immemorable_a prescription_n continual_a usage_n and_o possession_n the_o acknowledgement_n of_o all_o our_o neighbor-state_n and_o the_o municipal_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n have_v ever_o hold_v the_o sovereign_a lordship_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o that_o unto_o his_o majesty_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o sovereignty_n the_o supreme_a command_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o passage_n and_o fish_v in_o the_o same_o rightful_o appertain_v consider_v also_o the_o natural_a site_n of_o those_o our_o sea_n that_o interpose_v themselves_o between_o the_o great_a northern_a commerce_n of_o that_o of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o that_o of_o the_o east_n west_n and_o southern_a climate_n and_o withal_o the_o infinite_a commodity_n that_o by_o fish_v in_o the_o same_o be_v daily_o make_v it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o his_o majesty_n by_o mean_n of_o his_o own_o excellent_a wisdom_n and_o virtue_n and_o by_o the_o industry_n of_o his_o faithful_a subject_n and_o people_n may_v easy_o without_o injustice_n to_o any_o prince_n or_o person_n whatsoever_o be_v make_v the_o great_a monarch_n for_o command_n and_o wealth_n and_o his_o people_n the_o most_o opulent_a and_o flourish_a nation_n of_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n and_o this_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o his_o majesty_n be_v now_o absolute_a commander_n of_o the_o british_a isle_n and_o have_v also_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n over_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o western_a indies_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o extent_n of_o empire_n cross_v in_o a_o manner_n the_o whole_a ocean_n the_o trade_n and_o person_n of_o all_o nation_n remove_v from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o world_n to_o the_o other_o must_v of_o necessity_n first_o or_o last_o come_v within_o compass_n of_o his_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n and_o therefore_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o our_o sea_n be_v the_o most_o precious_a jewel_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v crown_n and_o next_o under_o god_n the_o principal_a mean_n of_o our_o wealth_n and_o safety_n all_o true_a english_a heart_n and_o hand_n be_v bind_v by_o all_o possible_a mean_n and_o diligence_n to_o preserv_v and_o maintain_v the_o same_o even_o with_o the_o uttermost_a hazard_n of_o their_o life_n their_o good_n and_o fortune_n thus_o you_o see_v what_o wondrous_a advantage_n may_v redound_v to_o the_o felicity_n and_o glory_n of_o this_o nation_n if_o god_n give_v heart_n and_o resolution_n to_o vindicate_v those_o right_n which_o be_v now_o most_o impious_o and_o injurious_o invade_v and_o so_o much_o for_o what_o concern_v england_n now_o that_o i_o may_v reflect_v a_o little_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o sea-dominion_n in_o general_n to_o show_v how_o far_o it_o have_v be_v assert_v and_o maintain_v by_o
the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a part_n of_o it_o as_o lord_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o island_n before_o they_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a power_n p._n 188_o chap._n iii_o that_o the_o britain_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o northern_a sea_n before_o they_o be_v subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o land_n make_v one_o entire_a body_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n pag._n 201_o chap._n iv_o that_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n follow_v the_o conquest_n of_o great_a britain_n itself_o under_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n and_o domitian_n pag._n 205_o chap._n v._o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o british_a sea_n as_o a_o appendant_a of_o the_o island_n from_o the_o time_n of_o domitian_n to_o the_o emperor_n constantius_n chlorus_n or_o diocletian_a pag._n 211_o chap._n vi_o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o southern_a and_o eastern_a sea_n as_o a_o appendant_a of_o the_o british_a empire_n from_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a till_o the_o roman_n quit_v the_o island_n that_o it_o be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n throughout_o britain_n also_o concern_v the_o british_a navy_n under_o the_o roman_n pag._n 217_o chap._n vii_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o learned_a man_n who_o will_v have_v the_o saxon_a shore_n from_o whence_o that_o count_n or_o commander_n of_o the_o sea_n throughout_o britain_n have_v his_o title_n to_o be_v the_o british_a shore_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v plain_o prove_v to_o be_v false_o pag._n 231_o chap._n viii_o some_o evidence_n concern_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o inseparable_a dominion_n of_o the_o isle_n of_o britain_n and_o the_o sea_n belong_v thereto_o out_o of_o claudian_n and_o certain_a coin_n of_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n pag._n 242_o chap._n ix_o touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n after_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v free_v themselves_o from_o the_o roman_a power_n pag._n 247_o chap._n x._o it_o be_v prove_v both_o from_o the_o very_a beginning_n of_o the_o saxon_n reign_n as_o also_o from_o their_o force_n and_o victory_n by_o sea_n that_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n who_o rule_v the_o south_n part_n of_o britain_n have_v dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n pag._n 251_o chap._n xi_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o dane_n during_o their_o reign_n in_o britain_n observe_v in_o like_a manner_n from_o such_o tribute_n and_o duty_n of_o their_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n as_o concern_v the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n also_o concern_v the_o tribute_n or_o paiment_n call_v danegeld_v which_o be_v wont_v to_o beelevied_a for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n pag._n 259_o chap._n xii_o the_o testimony_n of_o edgar_n and_o canutus_n king_n of_o england_n with_o other_o express_o declare_v the_o dominion_n which_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v over_o the_o sea_n together_o with_o a_o observation_n touch_v the_o nation_n which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n pag._n 273_o chap._n xiii_o several_a testimony_n concern_v the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n set_v forth_o in_o general_a head_n pag._n 284_o chap._n fourteen_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n have_v perpetual_o enjoy_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o they_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n prove_v from_o the_o guard_n or_o government_n thereof_o as_o of_o a_o province_n or_o territorie_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o very_a law_n of_o the_o english_a admiralty_n pag._n 287_o chap._n xv._o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n assert_v from_o those_o tribute_n or_o custom_n that_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v impose_v pay_v and_o demand_v for_o the_o guard_n or_o protection_n thereof_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n pag._n 295_o chap._n xvi_o observation_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a and_o irish_a sea_n from_o the_o tenor_n and_o variety_n of_o those_o letter_n patent_n or_o commission_n royal_a whereby_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v put_v in_o authority_n pag._n 305_o chap._n xvii_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o word_n plain_a enough_o in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o the_o government_n or_o command_n of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n from_o ancient_a to_o the_o present_a time_n that_o the_o sea_n for_o who_o guard_n or_o defence_n he_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n be_v ever_o bound_v towards_o the_o south_n by_o the_o shore_n of_o aquitain_n normandy_n and_o picardy_n pag._n 312_o chap._n xviii_o touch_v the_o admiral_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n or_o those_o constitute_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n their_o original_a nature_n and_o variety_n that_o the_o sea_n itself_o flow_v between_o britain_n and_o france_n be_v not_o contain_v in_o that_o command_n of_o he_o as_o of_o one_o that_o be_v governor_n of_o a_o territory_n or_o province_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o it_o that_o may_v oppose_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n pag._n 321._o chap._n xix_o that_o in_o the_o dominion_n of_o those_o island_n lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o france_n which_o have_v ever_o be_v enjoy_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n wherein_o they_o be_v situate_a be_v derive_v from_o their_o predecessor_n pag._n 333_o chap._n xx._n the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n assert_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n from_o that_o leave_v of_o preter-navigation_n or_o passage_n which_o have_v be_v usual_o either_o grant_v by_o they_o to_o foreiner_n or_o desire_v from_o they_o pag._n 344_o chap._n xxi_o that_o licence_n have_v be_v usual_o grant_v to_o foreiner_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o fish_n in_o the_o sea_n also_o that_o the_o protection_n give_v to_o fisherman_n by_o they_o as_o in_o their_o own_o territory_n be_v a_o ancient_a and_o manifest_a evidence_n of_o their_o dominion_n by_o sea_n pag._n 355_o chap._n xxii_o the_o dominion_n of_o england_n make_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n and_o limit_n usual_o set_v by_o our_o king_n in_o the_o sea_n to_o such_o foreiner_n as_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o each_o other_o but_o in_o amity_n with_o the_o english_a and_o concern_v the_o king_n closet_n or_o chamber_n in_o the_o sea_n also_o touch_v that_o singular_a privilege_v of_o perpetual_a truce_n or_o exemption_n from_o hostility_n in_o the_o sea_n about_o those_o isle_n which_o lie_v before_o the_o shore_n of_o normandy_n pag._n 363_o chap._n xxiii_o certain_a public_a record_n wherein_o of_o old_a the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n asscribe_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n debate_v of_o other_o matter_n and_o that_o in_o express_a word_n and_o with_o very_o great_a deliberation_n as_o a_o know_a and_o most_o undoubted_a right_n pag._n 375_o chap._n xxiv_o of_o divers_a testimony_n in_o our_o own_o law-book_n and_o the_o most_o receive_a custom_n whereby_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v either_o assert_v or_o admit_v pag._n 382_o chap._n xxv_o son_n ancient_a testimony_n of_o less_o account_n touch_v the_o sea-dominion_n whereof_o we_o treat_v pag._n 394_o chap._n xxvi_o that_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o foreiner_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v by_o their_o usual_a strike_n of_o sail_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n also_o concern_v two_o edict_n or_o ordinance_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o about_o this_o thing_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n pag._n 398_o chap._n xxvii_o a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o very_a many_o of_o the_o neighbor-nation_n round_o about_o in_o a_o ancient_a libel_n public_o exhibit_v or_o in_o a_o bill_n of_o complaint_n institute_v by_o they_o together_o with_o the_o english_a against_o reyner_n grimbald_n governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n also_o touch_v a_o recognition_n of_o this_o kind_n imply_v in_o his_o defence_n pag._n 403_o chap._n xxviii_o a_o copy_n or_o transcript_n of_o the_o libel_n or_o bill_n of_o complaint_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n pag._n 415._o chap._n xxix_o a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o the_o fleming_n in_o a_o embassy_n to_o edward_n the_o second_o pag._n 429_o chap._n xxx_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o irish_a and_o western_a sea_n consider_v single_o and_o apart_o by_o itself_o pag._n 433
a_o prohibition_n make_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o proclaim_v according_a to_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a three_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n throughout_o his_o dominion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o prohibition_n which_o forbid_v a_o give_v any_o relief_n to_o the_o french_a king_n enemy_n within_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o so_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v himself_o before_o the_o commissioner_n it_o be_v allege_v to_o be_v do_v to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o prejudice_n both_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o prelate_n peer_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n who_o joint_o prefer_v the_o bill_n as_o aforesaid_a therefore_o they_o all_o with_o one_o consent_n pray_v that_o the_o person_n so_o imprison_v be_v set_v at_o liberty_n and_o restitution_n make_v of_o the_o good_n injurious_o take_v they_o may_v be_v refer_v to_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n to_o who_o alone_o this_o kind_n of_o jurisdiction_n both_o in_o respect_n of_o thing_n and_o place_n as_o well_o as_o person_n do_v appertein_a and_o that_o by_o order_n of_o the_o commissioner_n reyner_n grimbald_n himself_o may_v be_v enjoin_v to_o repair_v the_o loss_n of_o the_o complainants_n in_o case_n he_o wear_v able_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n or_o otherwise_o that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o give_v he_o commission_n for_o that_o command_n may_v be_v adjudge_v to_o do_v the_o same_o but_o after_o reparation_n make_v that_o then_o also_o the_o say_a reyner_n may_v receiv_v such_o punishment_n for_o violate_v the_o league_n as_o may_v deter_v other_o from_o the_o like_a attempt_n in_o time_n to_o come_v now_o what_o be_v do_v by_o the_o commissioner_n be_v not_o very_o well_o know_v it_o seem_v it_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o such_o moment_n that_o it_o be_v think_v more_o convenient_a to_o make_v a_o end_n by_o agreement_n than_o bring_v the_o matter_n to_o a_o trial_n but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n nothing_o be_v more_o evident_a than_o that_o a_o right_a of_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o that_o ancient_a and_o confirm_v by_o long_a preseription_n be_v in_o express_a term_n here_o acknowledge_v by_o almost_o all_o the_o neighbor-nation_n to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o so_o that_o he_o may_v at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n give_v protection_n and_o set_v law_n and_o limit_n to_o all_o that_o sail_v through_o this_o sea_n and_o use_v it_o in_o any_o manner_n whatsoever_o nor_o can_v this_o kind_n of_o right_o be_v alter_v or_o diminish_v by_o the_o difference_n of_o the_o neighbor-nation_n between_o each_o other_o or_o by_o any_o right_n of_o war_n belong_v to_o other_o otherwise_o than_o in_o any_o other_o territory_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o fleming_n themselves_o betwixt_o who_o and_o the_o french_a there_o be_v a_o war_n on_o foot_n at_o that_o time_n be_v not_o nor_o can_v they_o right_o have_v be_v party_n in_o that_o charge_n or_o accusation_n for_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a league_n make_v between_o the_o english_a and_o french_a they_o be_v to_o assist_v one_o another_o by_o arm_n to_o defend_v each_o other_n be_v right_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o league_n the_o french_a king_n be_v permit_v to_o use_v the_o sea_n to_o infest_v the_o fleming_n be_v his_o enemy_n but_o not_o to_o intercept_v such_o as_o pass_v this_o way_n from_o any_o other_o nation_n or_o that_o be_v bind_v with_o merchandise_n for_o flanders_n and_o paulus_n 8._o aemilius_n speak_v of_o this_o very_a time_n say_v the_o french_a king_n threaten_v ruin_n to_o flanders_n the_o king_n of_o england_n protect_v the_o fleming_n for_o edward_n be_v so_o far_o only_o a_o friend_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n that_o yet_o he_o will_v not_o have_v the_o fleming_n ruin_v thus_o our_o king_n order_n the_o matter_n both_o as_o a_o defender_n of_o his_o own_o right_n and_o supreme_a moderator_n also_o of_o navigation_n in_o respect_n of_o other_o nor_o true_o be_v it_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o grimbald_n himself_o here_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n do_v not_o only_o arrogate_v this_o power_n in_o this_o sea_n from_o the_o authority_n grant_v he_o by_o his_o king_n commission_n but_o in_o express_a term_n also_o make_v use_n of_o that_o prohibition_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n which_o be_v in_o force_n according_a to_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o say_a league_n thereby_o to_o defend_v himself_o as_o if_o he_o have_v also_o acknowledge_v that_o himself_o can_v not_o have_v lawful_o hold_v that_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o this_o sea_n without_o such_o a_o permission_n as_o he_o conceive_v himself_o to_o enjoy_v by_o virtue_n of_o that_o prohibition_n for_o by_o that_o prohibition_n it_o be_v require_v that_o no_o relief_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o french_a king_n enemy_n nor_o any_o aid_n afford_v they_o within_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o be_v per_fw-la my_o son_n poere_o which_o be_v the_o very_a word_n of_o grimbald_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o libel_n itself_o set_v down_o hereafter_o and_o so_o grimbald_n express_o object_v the_o authority_n of_o that_o prohibition_n together_o with_o the_o power_n of_o his_o master_n commission_n in_o defence_n of_o himself_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v i_o use_v this_o power_n it_o be_v give_v i_o by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o put_v i_o in_o command_n over_o his_o navy_n and_o affair_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n but_o beside_o this_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v set_v forth_o his_o prohibition_n command_v that_o no_o kind_n of_o relief_n shall_v be_v give_v to_o any_o enemy_n of_o the_o french_a within_o his_o dominion_n according_a to_o the_o league_n make_v between_o both_o the_o king_n and_o therefore_o see_v i_o have_v not_o take_v either_o the_o person_n or_o good_n of_o any_o but_o such_o as_o be_v enemy_n or_o at_o least_o such_o as_o 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authority_n of_o his_o king_n commission_n the_o league_n and_o the_o king_n of_o england_n prohibition_n as_o if_o the_o english_a king_n have_v open_o declare_v by_o that_o league_n and_o prohibition_n that_o he_o will_v not_o take_v it_o for_o any_o injury_n to_o himself_o during_o that_o kind_n of_o league_n and_o prohibition_n although_o the_o french_a shall_v fall_v upon_o any_o of_o their_o enemy_n in_o his_o dominion_n or_o though_o they_o which_o be_v all_o one_o here_o shall_v be_v take_v in_o his_o sea_n by_o the_o french_a king_n officer_n certain_o unless_o you_o so_o understand_v grimbald_n i_o do_v not_o see_v wherefore_o he_o shall_v at_o all_o join_v that_o prohibition_n together_o with_o the_o king_n his_o master_n commission_n in_o defence_n of_o himself_o as_o it_o be_v express_v in_o the_o libel_n or_o why_o mention_n be_v make_v there_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n throughout_o which_o that_o prohibition_n be_v proclaim_v see_v the_o controversy_n arise_v touch_v thing_n do_v only_o by_o sea_n but_o if_o he_o be_v so_o to_o be_v understand_v certain_o than_o he_o do_v not_o only_o forbear_v to_o oppose_v the_o ancient_a right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n but_o also_o sufficient_o acknowledge_v it_o while_o he_o seem_v to_o affirm_v that_o a_o temporary_a restriction_n only_o be_v add_v thereto_o by_o a_o accession_n of_o the_o league_n and_o the_o prohibition_n so_o that_o we_o have_v a_o tacit_n acknowledgement_n even_o of_o the_o french_a themselves_o at_o that_o time_n in_o this_o their_o admiral_n but_o how_o the_o principal_a point_n of_o the_o league_n ought_v to_o be_v expound_v it_o be_v no_o place_n here_o to_o discourse_n for_o we_o observe_v only_o that_o the_o sea_n dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v in_o
neptune_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n 1_o of_o thou_o great_a state_n the_o god_n of_o wave_n in_o equal_a wrong_n assistance_n crave_n defend_v thyself_o and_o i_o for_o if_o over_o sea_n there_o be_v no_o sway_n my_o godhead_n clean_o be_v take_v away_o the_o sceptre_n pluck_v from_o thou_o such_o as_o over_o sea_n all_o sovereignty_n oppose_v though_o seem_a friend_n to_o both_o be_v true_o foe_n 2_o nor_o can_v i_o think_v my_o suit_n be_v vain_a that_o land_n the_o sea_n shall_v now_o maintain_v since_o retribution_n due_a and_o england_n have_v great_a wealth_n possess_v by_o sea_n access_n and_o thereby_o blessed_v with_o plenty_n not_o a_o few_o which_o next_o the_o virtue_n of_o thy_o watchful_a eye_n will_v her_o secure_a from_o foreign_a miserle_n 3_o thy_o great_a endeavour_n to_o encrea_n the_o marine_a power_n do_v confess_v thou_o act'st_a some_o great_a design_n which_o have_v seven_o henry_n do_v before_o columbus_n launch_v from_o spanish_a shore_n the_o indies_n have_v be_v thou_o yet_o do_v thy_o sea_n those_o indian_a mine_n excel_v in_o riches_n far_o the_o belgian_n know_v it_o well_o 4_o what_o wealth_n or_o glory_n may_v arise_v by_o the_o north-west_n discovery_n be_v due_a unto_o thy_o care_n the_o adopt_v they_o with_o english_a name_n the_o greatness_n of_o thy_o mind_n proclaim_v we_o and_o what_o thy_o action_n be_v new_a sea_n thou_o gain_v &_o to_o the_o ancient_a four_o by_o edgar_n leave_v thou_o adde_v many_o more_o 5_o if_o little_a venice_n bring_v we_o alone_o such_o wave_n to_o her_o subjection_n as_o in_o the_o gulf_n do_v stir_v what_o then_o shall_v great_a britannia_n plea_n but_o rule_n as_o lady_n over_o all_o sea_n and_o thou_o as_o queen_n of_o she_o for_o sea-dominion_n may_v as_o well_o be_v gain_v by_o new_a acquest_n as_o by_o descent_n maintain_v 6_o go_v on_o great_a state_n and_o make_v it_o know_v thou_o never_o will_v forsake_v thy_o own_o nor_o from_o thy_o purpose_n start_v but_o that_o thou_o will_v thy_o power_n dilate_v since_o narrow_a sea_n be_v find_v too_o straight_o for_o thy_o capacious_a heart_n so_o shall_v thy_o rule_n and_o i_o have_v large_a extent_n yet_o not_o so_o large_a as_o just_a and_o permanent_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o dominion_n or_o ownership_n of_o the_o sea_n two_o book_n in_o the_o first_o be_v show_v that_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o nation_n be_v not_o common_a to_o all_o man_n but_o capable_a of_o private_a dominion_n or_o propriety_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n in_o the_o second_o be_v prove_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n or_o that_o which_o incompass_v the_o isle_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v and_o ever_o have_v be_v a_o part_n or_o appendant_a of_o the_o empire_n of_o that_o island_n written_a at_o first_o in_o latin_a and_o entitle_v mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la seu_fw-la de_fw-fr dominio_fw-la maris_fw-la by_o john_n selden_n esquire_n translate_v into_o english_a and_o set_v forth_o with_o some_o additional_a evidence_n and_o discourse_n by_o marchamont_n nedham_n publish_a by_o special_a command_n london_n print_v by_o william_n dugard_n by_o the_o appointment_n of_o the_o council_n of_o state_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o ship_n at_o the_o new-exchange_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1652._o to_o the_o supreme_a authority_n of_o the_o nation_n the_o parliament_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n right_a honourable_a i_o shall_v not_o have_v presume_v thus_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o many_o great_a affair_n to_o press_v into_o your_o presence_n do_v i_o not_o bring_v a_o present_a in_o my_o hand_n most_o worthy_a of_o your_o acceptance_n it_o be_v that_o learned_a and_o elaborate_a work_n entitle_v mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la a_o piece_n so_o full_o vindicate_v your_o right_n of_o sovereignty_n over_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o clear_a evidence_n of_o reason_n and_o record_v from_o all_o antiquity_n that_o it_o stand_v more_o impregnable_a against_o the_o pen_n than_o the_o island_n itself_o against_o the_o attempt_n of_o foreign_a nation_n it_o be_v write_v original_o in_o latin_a for_o the_o assert_v of_o this_o right_n before_o all_o the_o world_n and_o how_o they_o have_v be_v convince_v by_o it_o appear_v hitherto_o by_o the_o universal_a admiration_n that_o attend_v it_o but_o consider_v what_o pity_v it_o be_v that_o so_o rare_a a_o jewel_n as_o this_o which_o have_v draw_v the_o envy_n of_o some_o few_o but_o the_o approbation_n of_o all_o shall_v lie_v so_o long_o lock_v up_o in_o a_o language_n unknown_a to_o the_o great_a part_n of_o that_o nation_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v and_o how_o necessary_a it_o be_v in_o this_o present_a juncture_n to_o let_v the_o people_n have_v a_o clear_a understanding_n of_o their_o near_a interest_n and_o how_o that_o right_o have_v be_v receive_v in_o all_o age_n which_o a_o strange_a people_n in_o this_o latter_a age_n have_v be_v bold_a to_o undermine_v it_o be_v judge_v very_o requisite_a to_o unlock_v the_o cabinet_n and_o expose_v the_o jewel_n to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n that_o they_o may_v prize_v it_o and_o apprehend_v not_o only_o their_o own_o interest_n and_o concernment_n but_o how_o far_o we_o and_o our_o posterity_n must_v stand_v indebt_v to_o the_o name_n and_o memory_n of_o the_o noble_a selden_n as_o for_o myself_o though_o it_o be_v account_v one_o of_o the_o mean_a service_n to_o translate_v yet_o when_o i_o consult_v with_o my_o own_o thought_n which_o way_n i_o may_v best_o express_v my_o duty_n and_o affection_n to_o your_o present_a caus_n and_o consider_v that_o little_o can_v be_v say_v or_o collect_v upon_o this_o subject_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v not_o abundant_o set_v forth_o in_o this_o irrefragable_a treatise_n i_o conceive_v it_o a_o task_n of_o no_o less_o importance_n than_o difficulty_n and_o now_o it_o be_v do_v if_o it_o be_v well_o do_v i_o shall_v believ_n myself_o to_o have_v attein_v no_o small_a happiness_n in_o have_v my_o name_n any_o way_n relate_v to_o the_o learned_a author_n who_o shall_v ever_o live_v like_o himself_o in_o this_o excellent_a book_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o memory_n of_o britain_n or_o of_o the_o sea_n that_o flow'_v about_o it_o it_o be_v a_o work_n begin_v it_o seem_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n and_o then_o lay_v aside_o again_o for_o above_o sixteen_o year_n but_o afterward_o revive_v alter_v and_o enlarge_v by_o the_o learned_a author_n as_o he_o say_v in_o his_o epistle_n at_o the_o command_n of_o the_o late_a tyrant_n and_o as_o it_o be_v write_v for_o he_o so_o it_o be_v dedicate_v to_o he_o as_o be_v suppose_v one_o who_o be_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v be_v a_o fit_a patron_n of_o the_o dominion_n here_o assert_v however_o this_o i_o find_v that_o as_o he_o seem_v by_o his_o naval_a preparation_n in_o the_o year_n 1635_o to_o resent_v the_o many_o injurious_a usurpation_n of_o our_o unruly_a neighbour_n 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also_o a_o notable_a testimony_n in_o the_o same_o florentius_n and_o the_o monk_n of_o malmsburie_n how_o that_o this_o king_n sail_v round_o about_o his_o sea_n every_o year_n and_o secure_v it_o with_o a_o constant_a guard_n and_o forces_n every_o summer_n say_v malmsburie_n immediate_o after_o easter_n be_v command_v his_o ship_n upon_o every_o shore_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o a_o body_n sail_v usual_o with_o the_o eastern_a fleet_n to_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o then_o send_v it_o back_o he_o sail_v with_o the_o western_a fleet_n unto_o the_o northern_a and_o thence_o with_o the_o northern_a he_o return_v to_o the_o eastern_a be_v indeed_o very_o diligent_a to_o prevent_v the_o incursion_n of_o pirate_n that_o be_v behave_v himself_o in_o this_o manful_o as_o say_v florentius_n also_o and_o hoveden_n for_o the_o
defence_n of_o his_o kingdom_n against_o foreiner_n and_o the_o train_n up_o of_o himself_o and_o his_o people_n for_o warlike_a employment_n thus_o the_o guardianship_n or_o maintenance_n of_o the_o dominion_n by_o sea_n be_v evident_a but_o as_o concern_v the_o fleet_n aforemention_v they_o each_o of_o they_o consist_v of_o mcc_n ship_n and_o these_o as_o writer_n say_v express_o very_o stout_a one_o so_o that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o british_a navy_n consist_v of_o such_o ship_n to_o the_o number_n of_o three_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o sail_n as_o 975._o florentius_n and_o hoveden_n speak_v express_o but_o other_o write_v that_o these_o fleet_n amount_v to_o four_o thousand_o ship_n as_o coltoniana_n john_n bramton_n abbot_n of_o jorvaux_n other_o add_v to_o these_o three_o a_o four_o fleet_n whereby_o the_o number_n be_v increase_v to_o four_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o sail_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o florilegus_n so_o as_o florentius_n also_o say_v he_o 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in_o land_n for_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o ship_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ethelred_n for_o at_o that_o time_n whosoever_o possess_v cccx_o cassatos_n or_o hide_v of_o land_n be_v charge_v with_o the_o build_n of_o one_o ship_n and_o they_o be_v all_o rate_v proportionable_o after_o this_o manner_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o more_o or_o less_o hide_n or_o of_o part_n of_o a_o hide_n as_o cottoniana_n marianus_n scotus_n hoveden_n and_o florentius_n do_v all_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n ethelred_n king_n of_o england_n say_v they_o give_v strict_a command_n that_o one_o galley_n shall_v be_v charge_v upon_o cccx_o cassati_fw-la but_o a_o coat_n of_o armour_n and_o a_o helmet_n upon_o nine_o and_o that_o ship_n shall_v be_v build_v throughout_o all_o england_n which_o be_v make_v ready_a he_o victual_v and_o man_v they_o with_o choice_a soldier_n and_o appoint_v their_o rendezvous_n at_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n to_o secure_v the_o bound_n of_o his_o kingdom_n 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〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d man_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d hund_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d tynumaenne_fw-fr 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d helm_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o king_n give_v command_v for_o the_o build_n of_o ship_n careful_o throughout_o all_o england_n to_o wit_n that_o one_o galley_n shall_v be_v charge_v upon_o cccx_o hide_n of_o land_n but_o a_o coat-armor_n and_o helmet_n upon_o eight_o hide_n and_o it_o be_v usual_a according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o that_o age_n that_o the_o rich_a sort_n shall_v be_v tax_v by_o the_o number_n of_o hide_n as_o we_o see_v also_o throughout_o that_o breviarie_n of_o england_n or_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n call_v scaccarii_fw-la domesday_n which_o be_v first_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n william_n huntingdon_n add'_v also_o that_o there_o never_o have_v be_v so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o ship_n in_o the_o time_n of_o any_o one_o in_o britain_n which_o be_v testify_v in_o like_a manner_n by_o the_o saxon_a chronicle_n before_o cite_v so_o that_o that_o most_o numerous_a navy_n of_o king_n edgar_n mention_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n be_v not_o to_o be_v compare_v with_o this_o but_o yet_o that_o most_o learned_a man_n and_o great_a light_n of_o our_o island_n m_o r_o 114._o camden_n have_v so_o cast_v up_o the_o number_n of_o hide_n throughout_o england_n out_o of_o the_o ancient_a record_n of_o that_o age_n that_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v 243600._o if_o this_o have_v be_v so_o than_o they_o can_v have_v set_v forth_o no_o more_o than_o 785_o ship_n by_o this_o tribute_n which_o be_v a_o lesser_a number_n than_o that_o of_o king_n edgar_n by_o some_o thousand_o so_o that_o some_o other_o account_n be_v to_o be_v make_v concern_v hide_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v handle_v in_o this_o place_n hereunto_o belong_v that_o of_o huntingdon_n touch_v king_n 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on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n nor_o can_v the_o word_n eruption_n otherwise_o be_v well_o put_v in_o that_o place_n so_o that_o even_o that_o ancient_a dignity_n of_o the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n whereof_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v be_v therefore_o not_o obscure_o represent_v by_o he_o who_o command_v as_o admiral_n over_o the_o fleet_n of_o that_o age._n this_o tribute_n or_o tax_n have_v its_o beginning_n under_o king_n ethelred_n for_o he_o be_v bring_v into_o miserable_a strait_n by_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n be_v force_v to_o buy_v a_o peace_n of_o he_o hire_v xlv_o danish_a ship_n also_o by_o agreement_n for_o the_o guard_n and_o secure_v of_o his_o dominion_n in_o the_o sea_n who_o be_v to_o receiv_v their_o pay_n yearly_o out_o of_o this_o tribute_n for_o their_o maintenance_n for_o the_o right_a understanding_n whereof_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o the_o english_a saxon_a story_n that_o the_o tribute_n or_o tax_n usual_o pay_v 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england_n and_o a_o tribute_n pay_v which_o amount_v to_o 36000_o pound_n that_o be_v he_o effect_v this_o only_a for_o the_o present_a that_o he_o obtain_v a_o peace_n for_o a_o time_n by_o money_n which_o he_o can_v not_o by_o arm_n as_o florilegus_n say_v well_o four_o year_n after_o also_o all_o the_o great_a lord_n of_o england_n of_o both_o order_n meet_v together_o at_o london_n before_o easter_n and_o there_o they_o stay_v so_o long_o till_o payment_n be_v make_v of_o the_o tribute_n promise_v to_o the_o dane_n amount_v to_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n which_o we_o read_v of_o likewise_o both_o in_o florentius_n and_o 1012_o hoveden_n but_o this_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o intent_n that_o all_o dane_n which_o be_v in_o the_o kingdom_n shall_v in_o every_o place_n dwell_v peaceable_o by_o the_o english_a and_o that_o both_o people_n shall_v have_v as_o it_o be_v one_o heart_n and_o one_o soul_n as_o it_o be_v express_v by_o florilegus_n other_o passage_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n there_o be_v in_o the_o story_n of_o that_o age_n yea_o and_o some_o of_o a_o elder_a date_n yet_o this_o first_o kind_n of_o tribute_n be_v not_o wont_a to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o but_o levy_v now_o and_o then_o as_o occasion_v require_v notwithstanding_o it_o may_v be_v true_a perhaps_o which_o cottoniana_n some_o write_v that_o ethelred_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a agreement_n of_o the_o year_n mvii_o yield_v to_o pay_v every_o year_n a_o tribute_n of_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n to_o the_o dane_n for_o a_o long_a continuation_n of_o the_o peace_n we_o read_v here_o that_o he_o yield_v or_o grant_v but_o no_o where_o likewise_o that_o he_o pay_v it_o but_o as_o for_o the_o second_o kind_n of_o tribute_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v as_o we_o have_v tell_v you_o for_o hire_v of_o the_o danish_a navy_n it_o be_v a_o yearly_a tribute_n and_o levy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n at_o least_o in_o the_o same_o year_n to_o wit_n of_o our_o lord_n mxii_o wherein_o these_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n be_v pay_v to_o procure_v a_o peace_n nor_o be_v it_o limit_v by_o any_o setsumme_n of_o money_n but_o so_o much_o as_o will_v serve_v for_o victual_v and_o clothe_v the_o force_n at_o sea_n florentius_n and_o hoveden_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a year_n say_v after_o these_o thing_n upon_o payment_n of_o the_o tribute_n mean_v that_o of_o forty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n and_o a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o peace_n by_o oath_n the_o danish_a navy_n which_o be_v before_o in_o a_o body_n be_v dispose_v and_o disperse_v abroad_o afar_o off_o but_o xlv_o ship_n remain_v with_o the_o king_n and_o swear_v fidelity_n to_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o be_v ready_a to_o defend_v england_n against_o foreiner_n upon_o condition_n that_o he_o will_v provide_v they_o victual_n and_o clothe_v this_o be_v relate_v likewise_o in_o the_o english-saxon_a chronicle_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o 1012._o abingdon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v the_o tribute_n be_v pay_v and_o oath_n of_o amity_n take_v the_o army_n or_o navy_n which_o be_v before_o in_o a_o body_n be_v disperse_v abroad_o but_o forty_o five_o ship_n of_o that_o navy_n remain_v with_o the_o king_n and_o promise_v upon_o oath_n to_o be_v ready_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o land_n upon_o condition_n the_o king_n do_v find_v they_o victual_n and_o clothing_n swain_n be_v at_o that_o time_n king_n of_o denmark_n with_o who_o ethelred_n make_v this_o agreement_n but_o both_o the_o kind_n of_o payment_n aforemention_v be_v call_v danegelo_n danegeld_n or_o danageld_v that_o be_v to_o say_v danish_a tribute_n the_o first_o kind_n be_v express_o intimate_v by_o this_o name_n in_o 21._o joannes_n sarisburiensis_n where_o he_o say_v swain_n waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o island_n of_o britain_n the_o great_a part_n whereof_o he_o have_v in_o his_o possession_n and_o afflict_v the_o member_n of_o christ_n with_o many_o persecution_n by_o a_o imposition_n of_o tribute_n which_o in_o the_o english_a tongue_n they_o call_v danageld_v but_o the_o second_o kind_n which_o be_v pay_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o force_n by_o sea_n be_v call_v likewise_o by_o the_o same_o name_n both_o because_o it_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n as_o also_o because_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n that_o be_v hire_v to_o guard_v the_o territory_n by_o sea_n for_o which_o cause_n also_o it_o retain_v the_o same_o name_n not_o only_o under_o these_o danish_a king_n canutus_n harold_n the_o first_o and_o hardecanutus_n but_o also_o under_o the_o english-saxon_a or_o english_a and_o that_o this_o which_o we_o have_v speak_v be_v the_o original_a hereof_o be_v affirm_v also_o by_o ingulphus_n the_o abbot_n of_o crowland_n a_o witness_n beyond_o all_o exception_n who_o live_v at_o that_o time_n he_o speak_v of_o the_o affair_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n say_v 897._o in_o the_o year_n mli_o which_o be_v the_o ten_o of_o king_n edward_n in_o regard_v the_o earth_n do_v not_o bring_v forth_o its_o fruit_n in_o such_o plenty_n as_o it_o be_v wont_a but_o devour_v very_o many_o people_n by_o famine_n insomuch_o that_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n die_v through_o the_o scarcity_n of_o corn_n and_o want_v of_o bread_n therefore_o the_o most_o pious_a king_n edward_n be_v move_v with_o compassion_n towards_o the_o people_n release_v that_o most_o grievous_a tribute_n call_v danigeld_v to_o all_o england_n for_o ever_o it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o that_o this_o most_o religious_a king_n be_v bring_v by_o his_o officer_n into_o the_o exchequer_n to_o see_v the_o danigeld_v that_o be_v collect_v and_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o so_o vast_a a_o heap_n of_o treasure_n stand_v amaze_v at_o the_o first_o sight_n
of_o the_o abbey_n of_o abingdon_n say_v of_o the_o same_o year_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o king_n command_v that_o 21000_o shall_v be_v pay_v to_o his_o army_n for_o so_o that_o fleet_n be_v call_v every_o where_n in_o english_a saxon_n which_o ride_v at_o greenwich_n here_o you_o see_v be_v no_o small_a difference_n in_o the_o number_n of_o pound_n but_o howsoever_o if_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v of_o the_o yearly_a tax_n or_o tribute_n than_o it_o be_v far_o less_o this_o year_n than_o it_o be_v reckon_v by_o those_o monk_n who_o speak_v of_o thirty_o eight_o thousand_o pound_n four_o year_n after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n canutus_n who_o be_v a_o dane_n a_o far_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v raise_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o fleet._n that_o florentius_n who_o we_o have_v often_o cite_v say_v in_o this_o year_n that_o be_v mxviii_o seventie_o two_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o all_o england_n and_o one_o thousand_o and_o fifty_o pound_n out_o of_o london_n be_v pay_v to_o the_o danish_a fleet_n and_o there_o remain_v forty_o ship_n with_o k._n canutus_n but_o the_o rest_n be_v return_v to_o denmark_n of_o which_o year_n hoveden_n speak_v thus_o out_o of_o all_o england_n seventie_o two_o and_o out_o of_o london_n 410_o pound_n be_v pay_v to_o the_o danish_a army_n or_o fleet._n and_o there_o remain_v etc._n etc._n they_o differ_v about_o the_o sum_n not_o the_o thing_n wherein_o they_o agree_v with_o the_o english-saxon_a chronicle_n before_o mention_v yet_o these_o altogether_o speak_v contrary_a to_o that_o account_n of_o the_o certain_a sum_n as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a monk_n but_o cottonianâ_fw-la matthew_n paris_n and_o matthew_n westminster_n say_v of_o the_o same_o time_n that_o cnute_n send_v home_o the_o danish_a fleet_n and_o stipendarie_n soldier_n except_o forty_o ship_n as_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v already_o have_v pay_v they_o out_o of_o all_o england_n eighty_o two_o thousand_o pound_n in_o silver_n also_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n hardeâ—nute_n a_o tax_n be_v levy_v for_o the_o danish_a army_n or_o fleet_n amount_v to_o 21000_o pound_n and_o 89_o pound_n as_o huntingdon_n tell_v we_o we_o all_o which_o particular_n do_v i_o suppose_v sufficient_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o danish_a tribute_n here_o mention_v be_v not_o fix_v to_o any_o certain_a sum_n of_o yearly_a payment_n and_o also_o that_o a_o huge_a sum_n of_o money_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v pay_v yearly_o at_o that_o time_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o to_o what_o purpose_n else_o be_v that_o fleet_n always_o keep_v and_o so_o great_a tax_n levy_v every_o year_n for_o the_o maintenance_n thereof_o but_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o the_o name_n of_o danegeld_n grow_v out_o of_o use_n tribute_n or_o tax_n be_v usual_o pay_v still_o notwithstanding_o by_o other_o name_n that_o be_v very_o well_o know_v for_o the_o guard_v of_o the_o sea_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v by_o and_o by_o but_o they_o be_v extreme_o mistake_v even_o they_o who_o agree_v either_o with_o john_n 57_o bramton_n the_o abbot_n of_o jorvaux_n or_o some_o other_o author_n out_o of_o who_o he_o write_v it_o or_o any_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n in_o derive_v the_o original_a of_o that_o yearly_a danegeld_n so_o often_o mention_v every_o where_o from_o the_o former_a kind_n of_o tribute_n which_o be_v pay_v to_o the_o dane_n for_o the_o procure_n of_o a_o peace_n and_o they_o also_o who_o 95._o will_v have_v the_o war_n to_o have_v be_v undertake_v by_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n against_o the_o britain_n because_o they_o deny_v they_o a_o freedom_n of_o navigation_n and_o that_o the_o end_n thereof_o be_v that_o this_o tribute_n be_v upon_o that_o account_n impose_v upon_o the_o nation_n when_o it_o be_v subdue_v now_o as_o concern_v the_o duty_n of_o fiduciarie_n client_n or_o vassal_n wont_a to_o be_v pay_v in_o that_o age_n for_o naval_a expedition_n and_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n we_o have_v set_v they_o down_o among_o those_o particular_n which_o be_v speak_v of_o king_n edgar_n in_o the_o former_a chapter_n the_o petty_a king_n or_o lord_n of_o the_o neighbour_a isle_n be_v bind_v to_o he_o by_o oath_n to_o be_v ready_a at_o his_o command_n to_o serve_v he_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o in_o that_o famous_a breviarie_n or_o register_n of_o england_n call_v scaccarii_fw-la domesday_n contain_v very_o many_o custom_n in_o use_n among_o the_o english-saxons_a beside_o the_o assessment_n of_o the_o province_n and_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o william_n the_o first_o we_o read_v thus_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n at_o warwick_n if_o the_o king_n go_v by_o sea_n against_o his_o enemy_n to_o send_v he_o either_o iu_o batsuein_n sea-soldier_n or_o rower_n or_o else_o iv._o pound_n in_o money_n and_o at_o excester_n when_o he_o make_v any_o expedition_n by_o land_n or_o by_o sea_n this_o city_n serve_v after_o the_o rate_n of_o v._o hide_v of_o land_n barnestaple_n lydeford_n and_o totenais_n serve_v as_o far_o as_o that_o city_n that_o be_v these_o three_o town_n pay_v as_o much_o as_o excester_n alone_o moreover_o gloucester_n yield_v xxxvi_o dicre_n of_o iron_n and_o c._n iron_n rod_n fit_v to_o make_v nail_n for_o the_o king_n ship_n leicester_n also_o if_o the_o king_n go_v against_o his_o enemy_n by_o sea_n send_v he_o four_o horse_n from_o that_o town_n to_o london_n to_o carry_v arm_n or_o other_o necessary_n concern_v lewes_n also_o a_o chief_a town_n in_o sussex_n there_o k._n edward_n the_o confessor_n have_v cxxvii_o burgher_n at_o his_o service_n their_o custom_n be_v if_o the_o king_n go_v not_o himself_o in_o person_n but_o send_v other_o to_o guard_v the_o sea_n than_o they_o collect_v xx._n shilling_n of_o every_o man_n of_o what_o country_n soëver_o he_o be_v and_o provide_v man_n who_o be_v to_o look_v to_o the_o arm_n on_o shipboard_n here_o very_o express_a mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o defence_n or_o guardianship_n of_o the_o sea_n itself_o and_o in_o colchester_n a_o eminent_a town_n of_o essex_n we_o find_v it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o that_o age_n to_o pay_v out_o of_o every_o house_n six_o penny_n a_o year_n that_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v it_o for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n soldier_n upon_o a_o expedition_n by_o land_n or_o sea_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o rate_n if_o the_o king_n shall_v entertain_v soldier_n or_o make_v any_o expedition_n all_o these_o particular_n be_v in_o that_o register_n and_o other_o there_o be_v in_o it_o of_o the_o same_o kind_n but_o a_o expedition_n by_o sea_n signify_v in_o these_o testimony_n not_o a_o war_n to_o be_v undertake_v for_o subdue_a the_o dominion_n of_o their_o neighbour_n land_n but_o most_o clear_o a_o preparation_n and_o enterprise_n of_o war_n for_o the_o guard_n scour_a and_o keep_v the_o sea_n as_o a_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o britain_n as_o it_o sufficient_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o that_o time_n for_o we_o do_v not_o read_v that_o our_o english-saxons_a or_o dane_n have_v any_o other_o quarrel_n at_o that_o time_n with_o any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n whatsoëver_o unless_o it_o concern_v either_o the_o british_a island_n or_o the_o sea_n belong_v thereunto_o which_o also_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v the_o testimony_n of_o edgar_n and_o canutus_n king_n of_o england_n with_o other_o express_o declare_v the_o dominion_n which_o they_o and_o their_o predecessor_n have_v over_o the_o sea_n together_o with_o a_o observation_n touch_v the_o nation_n which_o in_o that_o age_n be_v seat_v upon_o the_o opposite_a shore_n chap._n xii_o that_o we_o may_v at_o length_n set_v a_o end_n to_o that_o fourfold_a distribution_n which_o we_o make_v of_o the_o testimony_n of_o that_o age_n let_v we_o in_o the_o last_o place_n add_v the_o express_a determination_n of_o king_n edgar_n and_o canutus_n concern_v their_o own_o dominion_n over_o the_o sea_n as_o for_o edgar_n the_o title_n which_o he_o common_o use_v run_v thus_o 8._o i_o edgar_n sovereign_a lord_n of_o all_o albion_n and_o of_o the_o maritime_a or_o insular_n king_n inhabit_v round_o about_o so_o he_o make_v the_o body_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n to_o comprehend_v all_o the_o maritime_a kingdom_n that_o lay_v about_o that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o that_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o british_a sea_n and_o this_o he_o more_o plain_o declare'_v in_o the_o charter_n or_o deed_n by_o which_o he_o settle_v revenue_n on_o the_o cathedral_n church_n of_o worcester_n in_o the_o year_n dcccclxiv_n if_o so_o be_v the_o copy_n be_v right_o render_v by_o those_o who_o many_o year_n since_o print_v so_o
least_o allow_v such_o a_o dominion_n viii_o some_o ancient_a testimony_n of_o inferior_a note_n all_o the_o testimony_n almost_o that_o be_v comprehend_v in_o this_o division_n be_v indeed_o domestic_a but_o so_o public_a and_o of_o so_o approve_a credit_n that_o hardly_o any_o thing_n can_v be_v imagine_v which_o may_v give_v a_o clear_a proof_n of_o possession_n whether_o civil_a as_o they_o call_v it_o consist_v in_o the_o act_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o mind_n or_o natural_a which_o require_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o body_n as_o it_o will_v appear_v to_o any_o man_n that_o plea_n to_o make_v enquiry_n especial_o if_o he_o add_v hereunto_o the_o judgement_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o such_o foreign_a nation_n who_o it_o chief_o concern_v whereof_o we_o shall_v treat_v also_o by_o and_o by_o but_o of_o these_o thing_n several_o and_o in_o order_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n have_v perpetual_o enjoy_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v about_o they_o be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n prove_v from_o the_o guard_n or_o government_n thereof_o as_o of_o a_o province_n or_o territorie_n that_o be_v to_o say_v from_o the_o very_a law_n of_o the_o english_a admiralty_n chap._n fourteen_o as_o concern_v the_o guard_n or_o government_n of_o this_o sea_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n therein_o that_o deserv_v special_a consideration_n 1._o the_o bare_a mention_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o guardian_n or_o admiral_n thereof_o in_o public_a record_n and_o history_n 2._o the_o tribute_n and_o custom_n impose_v demand_v or_o accustom_v to_o be_v pay_v for_o and_o in_o consideration_n of_o the_o say_a custody_n and_o last_o the_o tenor_n and_o variety_n of_o commission_n belong_v to_o this_o guard_n and_o english_a admiralty_n or_o government_n by_o sea_n since_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o norman_n there_o be_v frequent_a mention_n of_o a_o guard_n or_o government_n institute_v for_o the_o defence_n and_o guard_v of_o the_o sea_n here_o call_v to_o mind_v those_o observation_n touch_v this_o kind_n of_o guard_n which_o have_v be_v already_o gather_v out_o of_o that_o record_n or_o breviarie_n of_o england_n call_v doomsday_n and_o king_n henry_n the_o first_o say_v florentius_n of_o worcester_n give_v order_n to_o his_o butsecarli_n to_o guard_v the_o sea_n and_o take_v care_n that_o no_o person_n from_o the_o part_n of_o normandy_n approach_v the_o english_a coast_n the_o same_o say_v roger_n hoveden_n in_o the_o very_a same_o word_n almost_o save_v only_o that_o the_o print_a copy_n err_v in_o put_v buzsecarlis_n for_o butsecarlis_n these_o butsecarli_n or_o butescarles_n in_o the_o old_a english_a language_n be_v officer_n belong_v to_o the_o navy_n or_o sea-soldier_n as_o hutesecarli_n be_v domestic_a servant_n or_o officer_n in_o court_n and_o that_o to_o guard_v the_o sea_n here_o signify_v to_o secure_v the_o sea_n itself_o not_o to_o 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the_o saufegard_n of_o the_o sea_n for_o the_o intercourse_n of_o merchandise_n safe_o to_o come_v into_o and_o to_o pass_v out_o of_o the_o same_o which_o be_v the_o usual_a form_n of_o word_n that_o be_v to_o say_v these_o word_n be_v part_n of_o the_o preface_n or_o preamble_n which_o be_v usual_o place_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o any_o law_n or_o statute_n whereby_o that_o most_o know_a custom_n or_o impost_n of_o tonnage_n and_o powndage_n be_v wont_a to_o be_v impose_v for_o the_o keep_n and_o sure_a defend_n of_o the_o sea_n against_o all_o person_n intend_v or_o that_o shall_v extend_v the_o disturbance_n of_o we_o your_o say_a commons_o in_o the_o intercourse_n and_o the_o invade_v of_o this_o your_o realm_n so_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v so_o account_v the_o arbitrator_n and_o lord_n of_o commerce_n throughout_o these_o sea_n that_o it_o can_v not_o lawful_o be_v hinder_v without_o his_o commission_n which_o true_o be_v a_o manifest_a evidence_n of_o 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by_o and_o by_o but_o as_o the_o name_n of_o guardian_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v take_v from_o the_o sea_n itself_o whereof_o he_o be_v governor_n as_o of_o a_o province_n so_o that_o of_o admiral_n a_o word_n who_o original_a be_v very_o uncertain_a but_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 2._o amiralius_n be_v use_v of_o old_a for_o a_o commander_n of_o a_o fleet_n or_o navy_n not_o only_o in_o the_o west_n but_o also_o in_o the_o eastern_a empire_n derive_v its_o name_n of_o dignity_n either_o from_o the_o fleet_n wherewith_o he_o defend_v his_o jurisdiction_n at_o sea_n as_o it_o be_v usual_a heretofore_o or_o else_o from_o the_o land_n either_o border_n upon_o that_o jurisdiction_n or_o join_v therewith_o as_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o late_a form_n of_o commission_n whereupon_o from_o the_o time_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o unto_o henry_n the_o four_o about_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o year_n they_o be_v in_o solemn_a manner_n create_v admiral_n of_o the_o fleet_n or_o 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and_o magister_fw-la of_o the_o west_n magister_n throughout_o gallia_n throughout_o the_o east_n and_o throughout_o thrace_n so_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o fleet_n and_o navy_n whereby_o the_o sea_n be_v guard_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o the_o land_n be_v possess_v by_o land-force_n do_v no_o less_o set_v forth_o the_o command_n and_o dominion_n and_o civil_a possession_n of_o those_o that_o have_v authority_n over_o the_o sea_n who_o before_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n then_o if_o they_o have_v be_v style_v guardian_n of_o the_o sea_n commander_n or_o admiral_n in_o their_o commission_n and_o such_o as_o be_v so_o constitute_v admiral_n of_o both_o coast_n or_o of_o the_o whole_a english_a navy_n be_v sometime_o by_o a_o general_a name_n revocationâ—_n call_v admiral_n of_o england_n over_o the_o sea_n before_o that_o form_n of_o word_n be_v put_v into_o the_o royal_a commission_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n of_o admiral_n you_o have_v a_o 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island_n of_o the_o same_o that_o be_v in_o plain_a term_n mer_n d'_fw-fr engleterre_fw-fr d'_fw-fr ireland_n &_o gale_n or_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n ireland_n and_o wales_n after_o which_o manner_n the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o england_n be_v sometime_o also_o describe_v in_o 11._o our_o law_n which_o be_v call_v likewise_o now_o and_o then_o by_o 6._o our_o lawyer_n les_fw-fr quatre_fw-fr miers_n d'engleterre_fw-fr or_o the_o four_o sea_n of_o england_n divide_v according_a to_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n so_o that_o in_o the_o most_o receive_a form_n of_o this_o commission_n after_o the_o begin_n of_o queen_n mary_n reign_n out_o of_o which_o also_o the_o sens_fw-fr and_o mean_v of_o former_a commission_n be_v to_o be_v collect_v we_o have_v a_o continual_a possession_n or_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n point_v out_o in_o express_a word_n for_o very_a many_o year_n and_o what_o we_o have_v already_o speak_v by_o way_n of_o collection_n out_o of_o these_o that_o follow_v the_o beginning_n of_o marry_o touch_v the_o since_o or_o mean_v of_o former_a commission_n wherein_o a_o positive_a command_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o express_v be_v true_o to_o omit_v the_o thing_n itself_o which_o sufficient_o intimate_n as_o much_o of_o its_o own_o nature_n not_o a_o little_a confirm_v upon_o this_o ground_n that_o he_o also_o who_o before_o any_o express_a mention_n of_o our_o sea_n take_v place_n in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o commission_n of_o the_o high_a admiralship_n be_v next_o prefer_v to_o the_o same_o dignity_n be_v immediate_o after_o his_o creâtion_n according_a to_o the_o whole_a title_n of_o his_o office_n as_o be_v the_o same_o title_n which_o indeed_o always_o belong_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o england_n style_v great_a admiral_n of_o 30._o england_n and_z governor_z general_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o our_o sea_n so_o very_o thomas_n baron_n seymour_n who_o i_o mention_v before_o be_v style_v admiral_n of_o england_n in_o the_o patent_n roll_v grant_v to_o he_o by_o edward_n the_o sixth_o it_o be_v prove_v by_o word_n plain_a enough_o in_o the_o form_n of_o the_o commission_n for_o the_o government_n or_o command_n of_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n from_o ancient_a to_o the_o present_a time_n that_o the_o sea_n for_o who_o guard_n or_o defence_n he_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o lord_n and_o sovereign_n be_v ever_o bound_v towards_o the_o south_n by_o the_o shore_n of_o aquitain_n normandy_n and_o picardy_n chap._n xvii_o but_o in_o the_o form_n already_o show_v which_o have_v continue_v in_o use_n for_o so_o many_o year_n you_o see_v mention_n be_v make_v only_o of_o the_o sea_n of_o our_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n our_o dominion_n and_o island_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o as_o the_o province_n for_o who_o guard_n or_o defence_n the_o admiral_n be_v appoint_v that_o be_v as_o we_o have_v tell_v you_o the_o english_a irish_a 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the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n in_o the_o sea_n so_o subject_a to_o they_o who_o be_v so_o put_v in_o command_n over_o the_o english_a fleet_n and_o coast_n that_o there_o remain_v neither_o place_n nor_o use_v for_o any_o other_o commander_n of_o that_o kind_n which_o may_v be_v say_v likewise_o of_o those_o time_n wherein_o some_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n stand_v possess_v also_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n as_o edward_n the_o three_o and_o the_o two_o henry_n 5_o the_o and_o 6_o the_o nor_o be_v it_o a_o bare_a conjecture_n that_o they_o do_v not_o put_v any_o other_o in_o command_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o fleet_n beside_o those_o to_o who_o by_o right_a only_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n the_o power_n be_v commit_v to_o wit_n according_a to_o that_o right_n which_o comprehend_v the_o whole_a sea_n flow_v between_o but_o it_o be_v sufficient_o prove_v also_o upon_o this_o ground_n that_o we_o have_v the_o ancient_a public_a distincâ—i_fw-la record_n of_o those_o time_n touch_v the_o office_n constitute_v by_o our_o king_n in_o france_n and_o those_o province_n beyond_o sea_n in_o most_o whereof_o i_o find_v not_o the_o least_o sign_n of_o the_o contrary_n and_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v here_o wherefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o shore_n of_o bretaign_n be_v omit_v which_o in_o like_a manner_n lie_v over_o against_o our_o isle_n of_o britain_n and_o together_o with_o the_o shore_n of_o picardy_n normandy_n and_o aquitain_n sufficient_o take_v up_o that_o whole_a tract_n which_o stretch_v itself_o in_o the_o realm_n of_o france_n before_o the_o english_a and_o irish_a sea_n certain_o if_o the_o aforementioned_a reason_n take_v place_n there_o be_v little_a cause_n to_o doubt_v that_o it_o happen_v thence_o because_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v not_o at_o any_o time_n so_o possess_v of_o bretaign_a that_o be_v out_v of_o it_o he_o need_v to_o be_v very_o solicitous_a touch_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o sea-territorie_n adjoin_v distinct_a 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pretend_v that_o even_o the_o sea_n adjoin_v or_o confine_v with_o those_o maritime_a province_n which_o be_v a_o long_a time_n heretofore_o possess_v by_o the_o english_a and_o afterward_o take_v away_o be_v take_v away_o together_o with_o the_o province_n whenas_o perhaps_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o past_a confusion_n of_o possession_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o lord_n all_o man_n may_v not_o be_v sufficient_o instruct_v touch_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n place_v as_o we_o have_v say_v upon_o the_o shore_n over_o against_o we_o therefore_o for_o the_o set_n forth_o of_o those_o bound_n the_o name_n first_o of_o aquitain_n after_o its_o be_v lose_v be_v retain_v in_o the_o admiral_n be_v commission_n and_o then_o that_o also_o of_o normandy_n be_v add_v and_o afterward_o both_o of_o they_o with_o the_o name_n of_o calais_n and_o the_o march_n in_o stead_n of_o the_o shore_n of_o picardy_n be_v for_o the_o same_o reason_n continue_v down_o to_o our_o time_n which_o 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and_o other_o as_o well_o stranger_n as_o native_n enemy_n as_o well_o as_o friend_n may_v free_o lawful_o and_o without_o peril_n go_v unto_o pass_z to_z and_o fro_o and_o frequent_v the_o say_a isle_n and_o the_o place_n upon_o the_o coast_n thereof_o with_o their_o ship_n merchandise_n and_o good_n as_o well_o for_o shelter_v from_o foul_a weather_n as_o upon_o any_o other_o their_o lawful_a occasion_n and_o there_o to_o use_v free_a commerce_n and_o traffic_n and_o to_o abide_v with_o safety_n and_o security_n and_o to_o come_v away_o thence_o and_o return_v at_o pleasure_n without_o any_o damage_n trouble_n or_o hostility_n whatsoëver_o in_o their_o affair_n merchandise_n good_n or_o body_n and_o that_o not_o only_o near_o the_o island_n and_o place_n aforesaid_a upon_o the_o coast_n and_o their_o precinct_n but_o also_o within_o the_o space_n distant_a from_o they_o as_o far_o as_o a_o man_n may_v ken_v that_o be_v so_o far_a as_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n can_v attain_v and_o this_o be_v call_v a_o privilege_n which_o you_o see_v extend'_v so_o far_o into_o the_o sea_n itself_o as_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o eye_n can_v pierce_v from_o the_o shore_n and_o if_o so_o be_v this_o privilege_n do_v not_o proceed_v from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v lord_n both_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o isle_n and_o by_o the_o same_o right_n that_o the_o isle_n themselves_o belong_v to_o they_o as_o have_v be_v say_v xix_o before_o it_o can_v in_o reason_n be_v imagine_v from_o whence_o it_o have_v its_o original_n there_o be_v not_o so_o far_o as_o we_o know_v so_o much_o as_o a_o pretence_n of_o a_o grant_v make_v by_o any_o other_o prince_n but_o only_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o unless_o themselves_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o whole_a sea_n flow_v about_o by_o what_o title_n and_o authority_n do_v they_o ordain_v such_o a_o truce_n so_o far_o within_o the_o sea_n on_o every_o side_n between_o enemy_n of_o all_o nation_n whatsoëver_o that_o come_v unto_o those_o island_n but_o as_o our_o king_n have_v very_o often_o command_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n shall_v cease_v from_o hostility_n not_o only_o within_o the_o aforesaid_a creek_n but_o also_o throughout_o the_o space_n extend_v thence_o at_o pleasure_n into_o their_o territory_n by_o sea_n so_o in_o like_a manner_n they_o indulge_v the_o like_a kind_n of_o privilege_n for_o ever_o throughout_o these_o coast_n of_o the_o french_a shore_n that_o all_o manner_n of_o person_n though_o enemy_n to_o one_o another_o may_v secure_o sail_v to_o and_o fro_o as_o it_o be_v under_o the_o wing_n of_o a_o arbiter_n or_o moderator_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o also_o free_o use_v the_o sea_n according_a to_o such_o space_n or_o limit_n as_o they_o be_v please_v at_o first_o to_o appoint_v which_o without_o doubt_n be_v a_o clear_a evidence_n of_o dominion_n certain_a public_a record_n wherein_o of_o old_a the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n asscribe_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o parliament_n debate_v of_o other_o matter_n and_o that_o in_o express_a word_n and_o with_o very_o great_a deliberation_n as_o a_o know_a and_o most_o undoubted_a right_n chap._n xxiii_o i_o shall_v next_o of_o all_o cite_v several_a public_a record_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n wherein_o the_o dominion_n and_o possession_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v by_o the_o way_n express_o assert_v as_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o that_o both_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o as_o also_o by_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n as_o they_o be_v debate_v about_o other_o matter_n for_o that_o be_v the_o sixth_o head_n of_o the_o former_a division_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o intitle_n himself_o and_o his_o predecessor_n lord_n of_o the_o whole_a sea_n flow_v round_o about_o in_o the_o several_a commission_n give_v to_o geoffry_n de_fw-fr say_v governor_n or_o commander_n of_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a sea_n and_o john_n de_fw-fr norwich_n of_o the_o northern_a the_o limit_n of_o distinction_n beginning_n as_o it_o be_v usual_a at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o thames_n out_o of_o which_o record_v we_o here_o set_v down_o theform_v which_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v so_o far_o as_o it_o make_v to_o this_o purpose_n 16._o the_o king_n to_o his_o belove_a and_o trusty_n geoffry_n de_fw-fr say_v admiral_n of_o his_o fleet_n of_o ship_n from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n towards_o the_o western_a part_n greeting_n whereas_o we_o have_v of_o late_o command_v you_o by_o our_o letter_n that_o you_o together_o with_o certain_a ship_n out_o of_o the_o cinque-port_n which_o we_o have_v order_v to_o be_v furnish_v and_o make_v ready_a for_o war_n according_a to_o our_o command_n shall_v set_v forth_o to_o sea_n to_o oppose_v and_o resist_v certain_a galley_n provide_v and_o enforce_v with_o man_n of_o war_n in_o divers_a foreign_a part_n which_o as_o we_o be_v inform_v be_v set_v out_o towards_o the_o part_n of_o our_o dominion_n to_o aggriev_n we_o and_o our_o people_n or_o else_o to_o turn_v their_o course_n towards_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n for_o the_o relief_n and_o succour_n of_o our_o enemy_n there_o and_o in_o regard_n it_o have_v be_v relate_v by_o some_o that_o galley_n of_o that_o kind_n to_o the_o number_n of_o xxvi_o be_v new_o come_v to_o the_o coast_n of_o bretaign_n and_o normandy_n and_o do_v still_o abide_v there_o as_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o do_v what_o mischief_n they_o can_v against_o we_o and_o we_o or_o to_o succour_v our_o say_a enemy_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a we_o call_v to_o mind_n that_o our_o progenitor_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v before_o these_o time_n be_v lord_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n on_o every_o side_n yea_o and_o defender_n thereof_o against_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n and_o see_v it_o will_v very_o much_o grieve_v we_o if_o our_o kingly_a honour_n in_o this_o kind_n of_o defence_n shall_v which_o god_n forbid_v be_v lose_v in_o our_o time_n or_o in_o any_o sort_n diminish_v and_o desire_v with_o god_n help_n to_o prevent_v danger_n of_o this_o nature_n and_o provide_v for_o the_o safeguard_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o our_o subject_n and_o to_o restrain_v the_o malice_n of_o our_o eenemy_n we_o do_v therefore_o strict_o require_v and_o charge_v you_o by_o the_o duty_n and_o allegiance_n wherein_o you_o stand_v bind_v according_a to_o the_o special_a trust_n repose_v in_o you_o that_o immediate_o upon_o sight_n of_o these_o present_n and_o without_o any_o far_a delay_n you_o do_v set_v forth_o to_o sea_n with_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o port_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o other_o ship_n which_o be_v now_o ready_a and_o that_o you_o arrest_v the_o other_o ship_n in_o obedience_n to_o our_o command_n which_o we_o late_o require_v you_o to_o arrest_v but_o so_o that_o they_o may_v be_v ready_a and_o provide_v to_o set_v forth_o according_a to_o our_o aforesaid_a command_n see_v we_o cause_v the_o master_n and_o mariner_n of_o the_o same_o ship_n to_o be_v prepare_v and_o gather_v together_o whether_o they_o be_v within_o your_o liberty_n or_o without_o and_o to_o cause_v they_o be_v well_o provide_v of_o man_n of_o war_n and_o other_o necessary_n to_o hasten_v out_o to_o sea_n with_o the_o aforesaid_a ship_n and_o that_o with_o all_o diligence_n you_o make_v search_v after_o the_o aforesaid_a galley_n and_o other_o ship_n of_o war_n abroad_o against_o we_o and_o stout_o and_o manful_o set_v upon_o they_o if_o they_o shall_v presume_v to_o bend_v their_o course_n for_o the_o end_n aforesaid_a towards_o the_o part_n of_o our_o dominion_n or_o the_o coast_n of_o scotland_n and_o if_o they_o steal_v away_o from_o you_o so_o that_o you_o can_v meet_v with_o they_o than_o you_o be_v with_o the_o aforesaid_a ship_n of_o our_o fleet_n without_o any_o delay_n to_o follow_v after_o the_o same_o galley_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n set_v out_o against_o we_o if_o they_o shall_v make_v towards_o our_o kingdom_n or_o the_o coast_n â—f_n scotland_n aforesaid_a and_o courageous_o to_o destroy_v they_o for_o the_o conservation_n of_o our_o royal_a honour_n but_o yet_o we_o will_v not_o that_o you_o occasion_n any_o hurt_n or_o hindrance_n to_o merchant_n or_o other_o pass_v by_o sea_n who_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o offend_v we_o and_o our_o subject_n or_o to_o succour_v our_o enemy_n then_o follow_v we_o a_o power_n to_o press_v seaman_n and_o some_o other_o matter_n of_o that_o kind_n the_o day_n also_o and_o authority_n be_v subscribe_v after_o this_o manner_n witness_v the_o king_n at_o the_o town_n of_o s_o t_o john_n the_o sixteenth_o day_n of_o august_n by_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o
sea_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n deny_v a_o dominion_n and_o wrest_v other_o thing_n by_o way_n of_o argument_n out_o of_o the_o writer_n of_o the_o imperial_a law_n which_o be_v clear_o contrary_a to_o our_o english_a right_o as_o also_o to_o the_o intervenient_a law_n of_o nation_n which_o have_v continue_v in_o force_n for_o so_o many_o age_n about_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n either_o i_o say_v the_o same_o must_v be_v say_v of_o they_o or_o else_o that_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o make_v choice_n of_o argument_n which_o they_o think_v be_v true_a to_o serve_v the_o present_a occasion_n as_o of_o such_o that_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v the_o great_a force_n and_o authority_n among_o those_o civil_a lawyer_n with_o who_o they_o be_v in_o treaty_n nor_o be_v it_o a_o new_a thing_n that_o civilian_n shall_v speak_v of_o a_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a community_n of_o the_o sea_n even_o where_o it_o be_v most_o certain_a that_o a_o dominion_n thereof_o be_v admit_v from_o all_o antiquity_n in_o the_o very_a territory_n wherein_o they_o themselves_o be_v comprehend_v as_o i_o have_v former_o declare_v there_o be_v also_o very_a many_o right_n among_o we_o belong_v either_o to_o the_o exchequer_n or_o to_o such_o as_o enjoy_v the_o right_n of_o the_o exchequer_n by_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n which_o some_o conceiv_n to_o be_v ground_v upon_o that_o sea-dominion_n whereof_o we_o discourse_n as_o the_o confiscation_n of_o good_n derelict_n in_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o some_o of_o the_o great_a sort_n of_o fish_n as_o wale-fish_n sturgeon_n and_o other_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n that_o of_o the_o satirist_n hold_v good_a 4._o quicquid_fw-la conspicuum_fw-la pulchrúmque_fw-la ex_fw-la aequore_fw-la toto_fw-la est_fw-la res_fw-la fisci_fw-la est_fw-la ubicunque_fw-la natat_fw-la good_n in_o the_o sea_n of_o any_o worth_n and_o note_n belong_v to_o th'chequer_n wheresoëre_fw-la they_o float_v beside_o wrecked_a good_n cast_v out_o ashore_o when_o no_o live_a creature_n belong_v to_o the_o ship_n remain_n alive_a but_o these_o thing_n do_v not_o only_o appertain_v to_o he_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o sometime_o also_o to_o other_o in_o other_o nation_n and_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n depend_v either_o upon_o the_o law_n or_o custom_n of_o some_o land_n as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o good_n cast_v ashore_o or_o of_o such_o as_o be_v find_v and_o import_v or_o else_o upon_o a_o right_n over_o such_o person_n as_o shall_v first_o possess_v they_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o any_o good_n whatsoever_o derelict_n or_o find_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n therefore_o i_o think_v it_o not_o meet_v to_o draw_v those_o thing_n here_o into_o controversy_n some_o ancient_a testimony_n of_o less_o account_n touch_v the_o sea-dominion_n whereof_o we_o treat_v chap._n xxv_o but_o his_o intent_n be_v earnest_o to_o persuade_v the_o english_a that_o it_o be_v their_o main_a interest_n diligent_o to_o guard_v the_o sea_n whereof_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v lord_n and_o to_o defend_v it_o with_o all_o their_o might_n as_o the_o perpetual_a prop_n and_o support_v of_o their_o empire_n he_o say_v also_o that_o the_o same_o advice_n be_v give_v by_o the_o emperor_n sigismond_n at_o his_o interview_n with_o our_o henry_n the_o five_o for_o the_o procure_n of_o on_o peace_n betwixt_o he_o and_o charles_n the_o six_o king_n of_o france_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o set_v down_o his_o word_n the_o true_a process_n of_o english_a policy_n of_o utterward_o to_o keep_v this_o region_n of_o our_o englond_n that_o no_o man_n may_v deny_v nor_o say_v of_o sooth_n but_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o best_a be_v this_o that_o who_o see_v south_n north_n east_n and_o west_n cherish_v merchandise_n keep_v the_o admiralty_n that_o we_o be_v master_n of_o the_o narrow_a see_n for_o sigismond_n the_o great_a emperor_n which_o yet_o reign_v when_o he_o be_v in_o this_o land_n with_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o prince_n of_o honour_n here_o much_o glory_n as_o he_o think_v he_o find_v a_o mighty_a land_n which_o have_v take_v in_o hand_n to_o war_n in_o france_n and_o make_v mortality_n and_o ever_o well_o keep_v round_o about_o the_o see_n and_o to_o the_o king_n thus_o he_o say_v my_o brother_n when_o he_o perceivae_v two_o town_n calys_n and_o dover_n of_o all_o your_o town_n to_o choose_v of_o one_o and_o other_o to_o keep_v the_o sea_n and_o soon_o to_o come_v over_o to_o be_v outward_o and_o your_o reign_n to_o recover_v keep_v these_o two_o town_n sure_a and_o your_o maâ—estie_n as_o your_o tweyne_a eye_n so_o keep_v the_o narrow_a see_n for_o if_o this_o see_v be_v keep_v in_o time_n of_o war_n who_o can_v here_o pass_v without_o danger_n and_o woâ—_n who_o can_v escape_v who_o may_v mischief_n differre_fw-la what_o marchandie_n may_v for_o by_o be_v ago_o for_o needs_o hem_n must_v take_v trewe_v every_o foe_n flanders_n and_o spain_n and_o other_o trust_v to_o i_o or_o else_o hinder_v all_o for_o this_o narrow_a see_n what_o be_v contain_v more_o at_o large_a in_o these_o rhythme_n you_o have_v the_o sens_fw-fr of_o it_o contract_v above_o in_o few_o word_n it_o be_v not_o worth_a while_n to_o render_v the_o word_n themselves_o the_o same_o versifier_n also_o proceed_v thus_o but_o king_n edward_n make_v a_o siege_n royal_a and_o win_v the_o town_n and_o in_o special_a the_o sea_n be_v keep_v and_o thereof_o he_o be_v lord_n thus_o make_v he_o coin_v noble_n come_v of_o record_n we_o have_v also_o divers_a other_o very_a large_a domestic_a testimony_n of_o this_o thing_n which_o be_v add_v in_o the_o next_o place_n be_v mingle_v together_o with_o the_o ancient_a recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o foreign_a nation_n concern_v the_o same_o that_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v acknowledge_v by_o foreiner_n who_o it_o most_o concern_v by_o their_o usual_a strike_n of_o sail_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n also_o concern_v two_o edict_n or_o ordinance_n that_o be_v set_v forth_o about_o this_o thing_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n chap._n xxvi_o we_o be_v come_v now_o to_o foreiner_n and_o it_o be_v clear_o evident_a by_o what_o we_o have_v discourse_v before_o either_o touch_v the_o limit_n set_v for_o navigation_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o the_o licence_n of_o passage_n through_o this_o sea_n often_o desire_v by_o petition_n that_o some_o of_o they_o have_v indeed_o acknowledge_v this_o dominion_n but_o there_o be_v two_o testimony_n more_o notable_a than_o the_o rest_n which_o show_n if_o you_o consider_v chief_o as_o you_o ought_v their_o be_v neighbour_n and_o such_o who_o it_o concern_v that_o they_o general_o do_v the_o same_o the_o one_o be_v the_o usual_a strike_n of_o the_o topsail_n by_o every_o ship_n of_o any_o foreign_a nation_n whatsoêver_o if_o they_o sail_v near_o the_o king_n navy_n or_o any_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o same_o navy_n in_o the_o sea_n the_o 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governor_n or_o admiral_n or_o his_o lieutenant_n but_o make_v resistance_n against_o they_o which_o belong_v to_o his_o fleet_n that_o then_o they_o be_v to_o be_v repute_v enemy_n if_o they_o may_v be_v take_v yea_o and_o their_o ship_n and_o good_n be_v confiscate_v as_o the_o good_n of_o enemy_n and_o that_o though_o the_o master_n or_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n shall_v allege_v afterwards_o that_o the_o same_o ship_n and_o good_n do_v belong_v to_o the_o friend_n and_o ally_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n but_o that_o the_o person_n which_o shall_v be_v find_v in_o this_o kind_n of_o ship_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o imprisonment_n at_o discretion_n for_o their_o rebellion_n it_o be_v account_v treason_n if_o any_o ship_n whatsoëver_o have_v not_o acknowledge_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o his_o own_o sea_n by_o strike_v sail_n and_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v protect_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o amity_n who_o shall_v in_o any_o wise_a presume_v 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that_o libel_n by_o so_o many_o nation_n moreover_o true_o it_o be_v worthy_a observation_n that_o about_o the_o very_a same_o time_n to_o wit_n a_o little_a before_o the_o make_n of_o the_o league_n the_o king_n of_o england_n do_v homage_n to_o the_o french_a king_n for_o the_o duchy_n of_o 40b._o aquitain_n the_o earldom_n of_o pontois_n and_o other_o province_n that_o he_o hold_v in_o france_n that_o he_o be_v also_o whole_o deprive_v of_o they_o some_o time_n before_o by_o decree_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o alii_fw-la paris_n yea_o and_o that_o about_o one_o hundred_o year_n before_o king_n john_n be_v out_v of_o normandy_n and_o yet_o afterward_o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n now_o and_o then_o regain_v a_o possession_n of_o it_o and_o that_o before_o the_o time_n of_o the_o league_n and_o of_o the_o publication_n of_o this_o libel_n which_o serve_v all_o to_o this_o end_n that_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o when_o the_o aforesaid_a famous_a controversy_n arise_v about_o 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those_o land_n which_o he_o hold_v and_o be_v summon_v to_o appear_v in_o the_o parliament_n of_o paris_n the_o matter_n be_v set_v down_o at_o large_a in_o the_o letter_n of_o summons_n he_o insert_v nothing_o therein_o whereby_o he_o may_v seem_v to_o arrogate_v any_o sea-dominion_n at_o all_o to_o himself_o or_o diminish_v that_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n as_o you_o may_v see_v in_o 1293._o i_o lorilegus_fw-la who_o have_v set_v down_o a_o entire_a copy_n of_o they_o in_o his_o annal_n the_o same_o author_n also_o speak_v of_o the_o same_o time_n say_v 1294._o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v neither_o lord_n nor_o law_n over_o the_o sea_n man_n but_o what_o every_o man_n be_v able_a to_o catch_v or_o snatch_v he_o call_v his_o own_o which_o plain_o denote_n a_o extraordinary_a licence_n or_o of_o depredation_n and_o infest_v the_o sea_n yet_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o incomparable_a power_n of_o the_o english_a in_o ship_n which_o guard_v their_o dominion_n by_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o their_o ancestor_n be_v chief_o signify_v thereby_o the_o king_n very_o free_o permit_v his_o subject_n to_o use_v depredation_n by_o sea_n as_o long_o as_o the_o war_n continue_v for_o florilegus_n himself_o relate_n that_o great_a number_n both_o of_o french_a and_o spaniard_n be_v then_o take_v at_o sea_n by_o the_o english_a yea_o and_o about_o 1297_o that_o time_n thomas_n of_o walsingham_n write_v that_o either_o a_o french_a or_o norman_a navy_n of_o two_o hundred_o sail_n which_o rove_v about_o this_o sea_n to_o rob_v the_o english_a be_v overcome_v by_o a_o fleet_n of_o sixty_o english_a ship_n and_o bring_v into_o england_n there_o be_v also_o another_o ancient_a author_n of_o the_o same_o time_n when_o these_o affair_n be_v act_v who_o say_v ms._n that_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n mccxciv_o there_o fall_v out_o a_o quarrel_n between_o the_o seaman_n of_o the_o cinque-port_n of_o 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there_o be_v no_o memorial_n to_o the_o contrary_a have_v be_v in_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o the_o sovereign_a lordship_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o isle_n within_o the_o same_o with_o power_n of_o make_v and_o establish_v law_n statute_n and_o prohibitions_n of_o people_n as_o well_o of_o other_o dominâ—â—ns_n as_o their_o 〈◊〉_d pass_v through_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o saveraign_a guard_n thereof_o and_o also_o 〈…〉_o all_o manner_n of_o cognisance_n in_o cause_n and_o of_o do_v right_o aâ—d_v justice_n to_o high_a and_o low_a according_a to_o the_o say_a law_n statute_n ordinance_n and_o prohibition_n and_o all_o other_o thing_n which_o may_v appertein_a to_o the_o exercise_n of_o sovereign_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o place_n aforesaid_a and_o whereas_o a._n de_fw-fr b._n depute_a admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o other_o admiral_n appoint_v by_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o ancestor_n 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the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o except_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n the_o excellent_a prince_n mounseur_fw-fr albert_n king_n of_o almaign_n and_o his_o heir_n king_n of_o almaign_a and_o mounseur_fw-fr john_n earl_n of_o henault_n in_o henault_n and_o that_o the_o one_o shall_v not_o be_v of_o counsel_n nor_o aid_v where_o the_o other_o may_v lose_v life_n member_n estate_n or_o honour_n mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n grimbald_n master_n of_o the_o navy_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o france_n who_o call_v himself_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n be_v depute_v by_o his_o aforesaid_a lord_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o fleming_n do_v after_o the_o say_a league_n make_v and_o confirm_v against_o the_o tenor_n and_o obligation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n and_o the_o intent_n of_o they_o that_o make_v it_o wrongful_o assume_v and_o exercise_v the_o office_n of_o admiralty_n in_o the_o say_a sea_n of_o england_n above_o the_o space_n of_o a_o 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a_o prohibition_n or_o restraint_n general_o make_v and_o proclaim_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o right_a of_o his_o dominion_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o three_o article_n of_o the_o league_n aforesaid_a which_o contain_n the_o word_n above-written_a require_v that_o he_o may_v thereupon_o be_v acquit_v and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a damage_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o prelate_n &_o noble_n &_o other_o abovementioned_a wherefore_o the_o say_a procurator_n in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o say_a lord_n do_v pray_v your_o lordship_n auditor_n that_o you_o will_v cause_v due_a and_o speedy_a deliverance_n of_o the_o say_a people_n with_o their_o good_n and_o merchandise_n so_o take_v and_o detain_v to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o admiral_n of_o the_o say_a king_n of_o england_n to_o who_o the_o cognisance_n of_o the_o same_o of_o right_n appertain_v as_o be_v before_o express_v so_o that_o without_o disturbance_n from_o you_o or_o any_o other_o he_o may_v take_v cognisance_n thereof_o and_o do_v what_o belong_v to_o his_o office_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n be_v condemn_v and_o constrain_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n for_o all_o the_o say_a damage_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a and_o in_o his_o default_n his_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n of_o france_n by_o who_o he_o be_v depute_v to_o the_o say_a office_n and_o that_o after_o satisfaction_n give_v for_o the_o say_a damage_n the_o say_v mounseur_fw-fr reyner_n may_v be_v so_o due_o punish_v for_o the_o violation_n of_o the_o say_a league_n that_o his_o punishment_n may_v be_v a_o example_n to_o other_o in_o time_n to_o come_v so_o far_o the_o libel_n of_o so_o many_o nation_n manifest_o acknowledge_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n of_o our_o king_n over_o the_o sea_n and_o thereupon_o demand_v protection_n for_o themselves_o and_o whereas_o no_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o this_o thing_n in_o the_o history_n either_o of_o the_o french_a english_a or_o other_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n since_o the_o proceed_n of_o court_n of_o judicature_n be_v very_o seldom_o set_v down_o in_o historiâ—â—_n but_o we_o understand_v by_o the_o french_a history_n that_o this_o griâ—bald_n be_v gouâ—â—â—or_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n at_o the_o very_a same_o time_n paulus_n aemiliuâ—_n write_v of_o philip_n the_o fair_a say_v 8._o he_o hire_v sixteen_o galley_n from_o genoa_n â—ver_v which_o reyner_n grimbald_n be_v governor_n or_o commander_n he_o sail_v about_o by_o sea_n infest_a the_o sea-coast_n of_o flanders_n regimerus_n reginâ—rus_n or_o reynerus_n grimbaldus_n be_v one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n and_o among_o the_o genoêse_n there_o be_v a_o eminent_a family_n of_o that_o name_n but_o because_o he_o be_v a_o foreiner_n and_o mercenary_a therefore_o it_o seem_v joannes_n feronius_n leave_v
he_o out_o of_o the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o admiral_n of_o france_n yet_o 2._o joannes_n tilius_fw-la place_v he_o among_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o french_a navy_n call_v he_o roverius_n grimaldus_n he_o also_o be_v that_o admiral_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n who_o as_o joannes_n de_fw-fr 93._o beka_n say_v have_v command_v of_o three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o galley_n that_o be_v send_v by_o philip_n the_o fair_a in_o the_o year_n mccciv_o to_o aid_v the_o hollander_n against_o the_o fleming_n there_o be_v also_o several_a particular_n in_o the_o record_n of_o france_n which_o relate_v to_o the_o difference_n then_o on_o foot_n between_o the_o english_a and_o french_a and_o although_o that_o libel_n or_o any_o copy_n of_o it_o be_v not_o find_v therein_o if_o we_o may_v credit_v tilius_fw-la who_o set_v forth_o a_o catalogue_n of_o that_o kind_n of_o record_n yet_o there_o be_v that_o commission_n among_o they_o whereby_o the_o aforesaid_a auditor_n or_o commissioner_n be_v authorize_v to_o determine_v of_o thing_n do_v contrary_a to_o the_o league_n it_o be_v describe_v by_o 40._o tilius_fw-la after_o this_o manner_n pouvoir_fw-fr donè_fw-la par_fw-fr le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr edovard_n à _fw-fr deux_fw-fr nommez_fw-fr &_o accordez_fw-fr de_fw-fr sa_fw-fr part_n pour_fw-fr avec_fw-fr les_fw-fr deux_fw-fr eleuz_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr part_n du_fw-fr dit_fw-fr roy_fw-fr phelippe_n d'_fw-fr enquerir_fw-fr &_o amendir_fw-fr les_fw-fr forfaicte_v durant_fw-mi lour_v trefue_a le_fw-fr dernier_fw-fr juin_n mccciii_o ou_fw-fr tresor_fw-la layette_fw-fr procurationes_fw-la posse_fw-la &_o potestates_fw-la angliae_fw-la k._n power_n be_v give_v by_o king_n edward_n to_o two_o person_n name_v and_o appoint_v on_o his_o part_n to_o meet_v with_o two_o person_n choose_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o say_a king_n philip_n to_o make_v enquiry_n and_o give_v remedy_n touch_v injury_n commit_v during_o the_o truce_n betwixt_o they_o the_o last_o of_o june_n mccciii_o in_o the_o treasury_n in_o the_o box_n entitle_v procurationes_fw-la posse_fw-la &_o potestateâ—s_fw-la angliae_fw-la k._n the_o commission_n bear_v date_n the_o same_o day_n and_o year_n whereby_o these_o auditor_n or_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v for_o this_o purpose_n as_o we_o observe_v before_o out_o of_o our_o own_o record_n nor_o be_v it_o of_o any_o force_n here_o to_o the_o contrary_a that_o commissioner_n be_v sometime_o etc._n depute_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o shore_n on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o also_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a king_n to_o determine_v complaint_n about_o robbery_n and_o other_o injury_n usual_o do_v by_o private_a person_n to_o one_o another_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n for_o if_o any_o one_o will_v collect_v thence_o that_o the_o prince_n which_o depute_v they_o have_v both_o a_o equal_a right_n in_o the_o sea_n it_o may_v as_o well_o be_v conclude_v upon_o the_o same_o ground_n that_o they_o be_v but_o part-owner_n of_o their_o own_o country_n and_o have_v a_o equal_a interest_n in_o each_o other_o be_v land_n beside_o in_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o deputation_n as_o that_o there_o be_v more_o regard_n have_v of_o the_o person_n offend_v that_o be_v to_o be_v try_v than_o of_o the_o dominion_n of_o territory_n which_o true_o be_v whole_o to_o be_v discover_v some_o other_o way_n a_o recognition_n or_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea-dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n make_v by_o the_o fleming_n in_o a_o embassy_n to_o edward_n the_o second_o chap._n xxix_o to_o these_o let_v we_o add_v now_o the_o assent_n and_o voluntary_a acknowledgement_n of_o the_o fleming_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o second_o when_o as_o the_o ambassador_n of_o robert_n earl_n of_o flanders_n complain_v of_o the_o take_n of_o their_o good_n away_o at_o sea_n implore_v remedy_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n they_o say_v more_o than_o once_o that_o they_o be_v take_v upon_o the_o english_a sea_n towards_o the_o part_n about_o crauden_n within_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o bring_v into_o england_n but_o that_o it_o appertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o take_v cognisance_n of_o the_o crime_n for_o that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n be_v commit_v upon_o the_o aforesaid_a sea_n within_o his_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n which_o be_v the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n but_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o the_o dorso_fw-la whole_a so_o far_o as_o it_o relate_n to_o this_o business_n memorandum_n that_o whereas_o for_o the_o reformation_n of_o certain_a injury_n in_o a_o amicable_a way_n do_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n to_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o by_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n to_o those_o of_o flanders_n since_o the_o time_n that_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n undertake_v the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n several_a treaty_n have_v be_v hold_v between_o the_o council_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n often_o send_v into_o england_n upon_o the_o aforesaid_a occasion_n which_o treaty_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o impediment_n that_o happen_v do_v not_o aâ—tem_v the_o desire_a effect_n at_o length_n in_o the_o parliament_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n hold_v at_o westminster_n in_o ocâ—abis_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaâ—lis_fw-la in_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n there_o appear_v certain_a ambassador_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n to_o treat_v about_o reform_v the_o aforesaid_a injury_n in_o the_o form_n aforesaid_a and_o when_o as_o the_o say_a ambassador_n have_v be_v admit_v by_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n to_o treat_v anew_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o injury_n these_o ambassador_n as_o other_o ambassador_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a earl_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a treaty_n do_v among_o other_o particular_n that_o they_o require_v before_o all_o thing_n make_v supplication_n that_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n will_v at_o his_o own_o sâ—â—t_n by_o virtue_n of_o his_o royal_a authority_n cause_n enquiry_n to_o be_v maâ—â—_n and_o do_v justice_n about_o a_o certain_a depredation_n laâ—ely_o make_v by_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n as_o they_o say_v upon_o the_o english_a sea_n of_o wine_n and_o divers_a other_o merchandise_n belong_v to_o certain_a man_n of_o flanders_n towards_o the_o part_n about_o crauden_n within_o the_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n allege_v that_o the_o aforesaid_a wine_n and_o merchandises_n take_v from_o the_o say_a fleming_n be_v bring_v within_o the_o râ—â—â—m_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o say_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o that_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n himself_o so_o to_o do_v for_o that_o he_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o say_a sea_n and_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n be_v make_v upon_o the_o say_a sea_n within_o his_o territory_n and_o jurisdiction_n in_o conclusion_n after_o diligent_a consideration_n have_v of_o the_o premise_n in_o the_o same_o parliament_n with_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o peer_n of_o the_o say_a realm_n be_v there_o present_a it_o be_v conclude_v upon_o their_o advice_n by_o the_o say_a lord_n king_n that_o to_o preserv_v the_o benefit_n of_o peace_n between_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o â—landers_n the_o say_a lord_n king_n do_v by_o his_o royal_a authority_n cause_n enquiry_n to_o be_v make_v about_o the_o good_n take_v at_o that_o time_n upon_o the_o aforesaid_a english_a sea_n towards_o the_o say_a place_n of_o crauden_n and_o bring_v within_o the_o say_a realm_n in_o those_o place_n where_o the_o malefactor_n go_v with_o the_o good_n so_o take_v to_o the_o say_a land_n of_o england_n and_o cause_v the_o same_o depredation_n to_o be_v hear_v and_o determine_v according_a to_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o that_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o ship_n who_o have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o say_a depredation_n and_o other_o who_o know_o receive_v the_o say_v offender_n with_o the_o good_n so_o take_v in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n may_v be_v charge_v and_o punish_v thereupon_o as_o partaker_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a depredation_n so_o far_o that_o record_n and_o commissioner_n be_v appoint_v with_o power_n of_o jurisdiction_n by_o the_o king_n commission_n through_o most_o of_o the_o maritime_a county_n to_o make_v reparation_n of_o damage_n but_o because_o there_o be_v upon_o the_o shore_n over_o against_o we_o especial_o those_o of_o zealand_n and_o there_o be_v also_o upon_o other_o neighbour_a shore_n beside_o inlet_n of_o river_n very_o many_o wind_n and_o turn_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v in_o whereby_o the_o land_n be_v so_o interweave_v up_o and_o down_o that_o it_o can_v well_o be_v but_o that_o the_o sea_n also_o which_o flow'_v in_o and_o oftentimes_o remove_n bank_n and_o make_v harbour_n there_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n almost_o
as_o a_o river_n or_o brook_n must_v be_v contain_v under_o the_o same_o jurisdiction_n as_o a_o entire_a body_n with_o the_o land_n therefore_o sometime_o mention_n be_v make_v also_o of_o this_o kind_n of_o sea_n flow_v in_o as_o of_o a_o sea_n reckon_v within_o the_o jurisdiction_n &_o current_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o the_o opposite_a shore_n as_o for_o example_n of_o the_o sea_n flanders_n or_o as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o some_o ancient_a 5._o manuscript_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o original_n of_o certain_a letter_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o five_o to_o the_o earl_n of_o carolois_n and_o to_o the_o governor_n of_o ypres_n gaunt_n and_o bruges_n dein_n la_v jurisdiction_n &_o l'estrem_fw-la de_fw-fr la_fw-fr mere_a de_fw-fr flanders_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o stream_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o flanders_n which_o be_v all_o one_o for_o set_v aside_o the_o sea_n so_o flow_v in_o or_o make_v a_o inlet_n or_o harbour_n before_o the_o opposite_a shore_n all_o that_o which_o remain's_n or_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o those_o opposite_a country_n and_o england_n be_v ever_o esteem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o english_a dominion_n according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v former_o show_v so_o that_o a_o late_a writer_n doubtless_o be_v in_o a_o dream_n when_o upon_o the_o repair_n of_o the_o dock_n at_o mardike_n he_o write_v praefixâ_fw-la that_o he_o see_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n restore_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o so_o i_o have_v do_v with_o this_o point_n touch_v the_o declaration_n and_o acknowledgement_n of_o the_o sea_n dominion_n of_o our_o king_n make_v by_o those_o foreign_a and_o neighbor-nation_n who_o be_v most_o concern_v in_o the_o business_n of_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o irish_a and_o western_a sea_n consider_v single_o and_o apart_o by_o itself_o chap._n xxx_o i_o have_v already_o speak_v in_o general_a of_o the_o english_a or_o british_a sea_n which_o be_v a_o part_n of_o the_o patrimony_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o chief_o as_o it_o lie_v either_o east_n or_o south_n it_o rest_v now_o that_o we_o treat_v of_o the_o western_a as_o also_o the_o scotish_n and_o northern_a and_o in_o a_o word_n of_o the_o whole_a british_a sea_n that_o remain_n it_o be_v evident_a to_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o western_a sea_n lie_v before_o england_n be_v understand_v as_o well_o in_o that_o libel_n which_o be_v exhibit_v by_o so_o many_o nation_n to_o the_o commissioner_n depute_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n above_o three_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o year_n ago_o wherein_o we_o so_o often_o read_v le_fw-fr mer_fw-fr d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr or_o the_o sea_n of_o england_n as_o in_o the_o king_n be_v commission-before_a mention_v wherein_o our_o king_n be_v expressly-declared_n lord_n of_o the_o english_a sea_n on_o every_o side_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v forbear_v to_o repeat_v what_o be_v 24._o cite_v out_o of_o bracton_n about_o the_o essoyn_n or_o excuse_v of_o a_o man_n absent_a in_o ireland_n and_o other_o thing_n of_o that_o kind_n allege_v before_o which_o make_v to_o this_o purpose_n moreover_o also_o we_o read_v every_o where_o that_o all_o the_o isle_n in_o this_o neighbour_a sea_n be_v call_v british_n as_o we_o observe_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o book_n just_a as_o if_o the_o narrow_a sea_n flow_v between_o like_o river_n or_o turn_n of_o river_n do_v disjoin_v those_o bank_n or_o shore_n from_o great_a britain_n as_o 〈◊〉_d fragment_n of_o the_o same_o whereby_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o narrow_a sea_n themselves_o with_o the_o isle_n even_o as_o river_n with_o their_o bank_n be_v to_o be_v reckon_v a_o part_n of_o the_o british_a territory_n and_o hereunto_o especial_o relate_n also_o that_o expression_n in_o the_o libel_n so_o often_o cite_v to_o wit_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v ever_o be_v lord_n both_o of_o the_o english_a sea_n or_o of_o the_o british_a so_o far_o as_o it_o stretch_v before_o england_n and_o also_o of_o the_o isle_n situate_v therein_o par_fw-fr raison_fw-fr du_fw-fr royalme_n d'_fw-fr d'angleterre_fw-fr by_o right_a of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n so_o that_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n which_o as_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la say_v stand_v in_o this_o sea_n in_o the_o very_a midst_n betwixt_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n be_v if_o i_o understand_v any_o thing_n reckon_v of_o old_a among_o the_o land-province_n of_o england_n even_o as_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n lundie_n and_o other_o of_o that_o kind_n nor_o do_v it_o seem_v to_o be_v understand_v otherwise_o by_o those_o man_n of_o ancient_a time_n who_o upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o dispute_n whether_o this_o isle_n ought_v by_o right_a to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o appendant_a of_o england_n or_o ireland_n be_v place_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o sea_n flow_v between_o determine_v the_o controversy_n on_o this_o manner_n they_o bring_v venomous_a serpent_n and_o observe_v that_o the_o isle_n do_v entertain_v and_o cherish_v they_o as_o well_o as_o england_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o great_a britain_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a that_o ireland_n destroy_v they_o it_o be_v conclude_v say_v 15._o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la who_o live_v under_o henry_n the_o second_o by_o the_o common_a censure_n of_o all_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v ascribe_v unto_o england_n for_o if_o they_o have_v so_o think_v the_o territory_n either_o of_o ireland_n or_o england_n as_o it_o consist_v of_o land_n and_o sea_n to_o be_v dis-joined_n from_o this_o isle_n of_o man_n that_o they_o have_v conceive_v the_o sea_n lie_v between_o either_o common_a to_o all_o man_n or_o by_o ancient_a right_a subject_n to_o other_o than_o the_o king_n either_o of_o ireland_n or_o britain_n they_o may_v seem_v to_o have_v raise_v a_o very_a ridiculous_a controversy_n for_o i_o suppose_v the_o question_n can_v be_v no_o other_o than_o touch_v the_o bound_n of_o england_n or_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n but_o that_o a_o question_n about_o bound_n may_v be_v admit_v between_o owner_n that_o be_v neighbour_n where_o the_o territory_n of_o both_o be_v not_o continual_a or_o contiguous_a be_v beyond_o my_o understanding_n it_o be_v well_o say_v by_o regundorum_fw-la paulus_n that_o if_o a_o public_a thoroughfare_a or_o public_a river_n intervene_v which_o belong_v to_o neither_o of_o the_o neighbour_a owner_n a_o action_n can_v be_v bring_v upon_o that_o title_n of_o the_o law_n finium_fw-la regundorum_fw-la and_o true_o after_o that_o quintus_fw-la fabius_n labeo_n be_v 1._o appoint_v arbiter_n by_o the_o senate_n betwixt_o the_o nolan_n and_o neapolitan_n about_o the_o bound_n of_o a_o field_n have_v so_o crafty_o persuade_v both_o of_o they_o to_o retire_v backward_o apart_o from_o each_o other_o that_o a_o portion_n of_o the_o field_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o middle_n which_o he_o adjudge_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n there_o can_v not_o any_o controversy_n arise_v far_o between_o they_o about_o the_o bound_n of_o this_o field_n because_o there_o cease_v to_o be_v any_o confine_n betwixt_o they_o but_o if_o any_o question_n arise_v afterward_o they_o be_v both_o to_o contend_v with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n even_o so_o it_o be_v to_o be_v conceive_v of_o that_o question_n to_o which_o of_o the_o two_o country_n the_o isle_n of_o man_n ought_v by_o right_o to_o be_v ascribe_v it_o arise_v chief_o upon_o this_o ground_n because_o it_o lay_v in_o the_o midst_n between_o the_o territory_n belong_v to_o ireland_n and_o britain_n and_o at_o the_o confine_n of_o both_o for_o by_o a_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o very_a soil_n only_o without_o a_o civil_a consideration_n of_o dominion_n though_o they_o will_v have_v here_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o the_o soil_n to_o be_v the_o evidence_n thereof_o as_o a_o lot_n for_o decision_n it_o ought_v no_o more_o to_o be_v ascribe_v either_o to_o britain_n or_o ireland_n than_o to_o norway_n spain_n or_o france_n where_o every_o man_n know_v that_o venomous_a creature_n be_v breed_v as_o well_o as_o in_o britain_n therefore_o to_o be_v ascribe_v to_o england_n or_o britain_n in_o that_o ancient_a decision_n be_v so_o immediate_o to_o be_v annex_v to_o the_o british_a territory_n that_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n may_v true_o and_o in_o a_o civil_a sens_fw-fr be_v call_v a_o land-province_n of_o england_n or_o britain_n see_v the_o english_a territory_n be_v so_o continual_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o its_o western_a coast_n that_o which_o bend'_v westward_o from_o the_o very_o confine_v be_v ascribe_v to_o ireland_n and_o therefore_o queen_n elisabeth_n commissioner_n let_v fall_v those_o word_n too_o unadvised_o in_o the_o 〈…〉_o treaty_n hold_v at_o bremen_n with_o the_o danish_a commissioner_n about_o free_a navigation_n and_o fish_n in_o the_o norwegian_a
what_o have_v be_v already_o speak_v and_o from_o hence_o perhaps_o it_o be_v that_o the_o more_o ancient_a arm_n of_o the_o king_n of_o man_n be_v a_o ship_n with_o a_o sail_n fold_v together_o and_o this_o inscription_n add_v rex_fw-la manniae_fw-la &_o insularum_fw-la king_n of_o man_n &_o of_o the_o isle_n as_o m_n r_o 847._o camden_n observ'_v from_o their_o sail_n for_o the_o three_o leg_n of_o humane_a shape_n now_o every_o where_o know_v be_v but_o of_o late_a time_n but_o afterward_o when_o ireland_n be_v subdue_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o king_n john_n and_o reginald_n king_n of_o man_n dorso_fw-la bring_v into_o the_o power_n of_o king_n john_n the_o english_a possess_v this_o sea_n at_o that_o time_n with_o a_o very_a numerous_a navy_n there_o be_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o to_o doubt_v but_o that_o the_o neighbour_a sea_n round_o about_o be_v take_v also_o into_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o english_a for_o in_o that_o age_n the_o king_n of_o man_n be_v no_o absolute_a prince_n but_o be_v subdue_v he_o pay_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n &_o yield_v under_o his_o subjection_n but_o in_o a_o short_a time_n after_o alexander_n the_o three_o 13._o king_n of_o scot_n annex_v it_o to_o the_o dominion_n of_o scotland_n and_o put_v in_o a_o governor_n who_o be_v to_o assist_v he_o upon_o occasion_n with_o thirteen_o galley_n &_o five_o hundred_o seaman_n he_o recover_v the_o hebrides_n also_o by_o drive_v out_o the_o norwegian_n &_o transmit_v it_o to_o his_o posterity_n then_o man_n return_v again_o to_o the_o english_a who_o enjoy_v ireland_n a_o long_a time_n together_o with_o it_o &_o that_o sea-territory_n but_o the_o king_n of_o the_o hebrides_n and_o of_o scotland_n enjoy_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o this_o western_a sea_n after_o that_o they_o have_v expel_v the_o norwegian_n who_o be_v lord_n here_o of_o the_o sea_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o as_o scotland_n england_n this_o isle_n of_o man_n the_o hebrides_n 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for_o that_o island_n call_v baccalaos_n be_v add_v to_o the_o english_a empire_n by_o 7._o sebastian_n chabot_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o seven_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o afterward_o it_o grow_v to_o be_v a_o custom_n for_o the_o officer_n belong_v to_o the_o high_a admiral_n of_o england_n in_o who_o charge_n be_v all_o the_o sea_n subject_a to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n as_o king_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n to_o demand_v tribute_n of_o such_o as_o fish_v also_o in_o this_o sea_n which_o be_v i_o suppose_v a_o most_o evident_a token_n of_o the_o king_n dominion_n but_o it_o be_v 6._o provide_v by_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o edward_n the_o six_o that_o no_o tribute_n of_o that_o kind_n to_o the_o grievance_n of_o fisherman_n shall_v be_v pay_v any_o long_a how_o far_o our_o english_a colony_n late_o transport_v into_o america_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o sea_n there_o i_o have_v as_o yet_o make_v but_o little_a enquiry_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n in_o the_o scotish_n sea_n especial_o towards_o the_o east_n and_o north._n chap._n xxxi_o those_o particular_n which_o be_v cite_v before_o out_o of_o the_o 6._o proclamation_n of_o james_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n about_o the_o prohibition_n of_o fish_v relate_v as_o well_o to_o the_o scotish_n sea_n on_o every_o side_n from_o whence_o also_o you_o must_v acknowledge_v their_o possession_n have_v be_v retain_v together_o with_o a_o ancient_a sea-dominion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o foreiner_n be_v prohibit_v to_o fish_n in_o these_o sea_n without_o leave_v first_o obtain_v at_o edinburgh_n and_o in_o those_o scotish_n act_n of_o parliament_n they_o be_v not_o so_o much_o new_a law_n make_v as_o old_a one_o revive_v whereby_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o all_o manner_n of_o 86._o fischere_n that_o occupy_v the_o sea_n and_o uthere_n person_n quhat_o sumever_o that_o happenis_n to_o slay_v hear_a or_o quihte_a fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n or_o within_o the_o isle_n or_o out_o with_o the_o samen_n within_o the_o frithes_n bring_v they_o to_o free_a port_n etc._n etc._n where_o they_o may_v be_v sell_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o same_o kingdom_n quhairby_o his_o majesty_n custom_n be_v not_o defraud_v and_o his_o hienes_n liege_n not_z frustrate_v of_o the_o commodity_n appoint_v to_o they_o be_v god_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o confiscation_n and_o tynsel_n of_o the_o veschelle_n of_o they_o that_o cume_v in_o the_o contrair_a hereof_o and_o escheit_v of_o all_o their_o movable_a gudde_n to_o our_o sovereign_n lord_n use_v so_o that_o use_n and_o benefit_n be_v claim_v hence_o by_o a_o special_a right_n in_o that_o sea_n otherwise_o true_o that_o use_n and_o be_v fit_n will_v of_o right_n no_o more_o appertein_a either_o to_o the_o king_n of_o scotland_n or_o his_o subject_n than_o to_o any_o other_o whomsoêver_o but_o the_o law_n be_v make_v concern_v all_o fisherman_n as_o well_o stranger_n as_o scotchman_n as_o be_v ordain_v by_o all_o the_o estate_n of_o that_o kingdom_n who_o so_o well_o understand_v both_o the_o king_n be_v right_a and_o also_o their_o own_o as_o subordinate_a to_o the_o king_n by_o tradition_n from_o their_o ancestor_n or_o by_o long-continued_a possession_n and_o dominion_n that_o there_o remain_v not_o the_o least_o ground_n of_o scruple_n touch_v that_o business_n and_o a_o scotish_n lawyer_n speak_v about_o fish_v in_o the_o eastern_a sea_n of_o scotland_n i_o can_v say_v 3_o he_o omit_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o in_o the_o past_a age_n after_o a_o most_o bloody_a quarrel_n between_o the_o scot_n and_o hollander_n about_o occasion_n belong_v to_o the_o sea_n the_o matter_n be_v compose_v after_o this_o manner_n that_o in_o time_n to_o
of_o so_o great_a consequence_n have_v think_v it_o necessary_a by_o the_o advice_n of_o our_o privy_a council_n to_o renew_v the_o aforesaid_a restraint_n of_o fish_v upon_o our_o aforesaid_a coast_n and_o sea_n without_o licence_n first_o obtain_v from_o we_o and_o by_o these_o present_n to_o make_v public_a declaration_n that_o our_o resolution_n be_v at_o time_n convenient_a to_o keep_v such_o a_o competent_a strength_n of_o ship_n upon_o our_o sea_n as_o may_v by_o god_n blessing_n be_v sufficient_a both_o to_o hinder_v such_o further_a encroachment_n upon_o our_o regality_n and_o assist_v and_o protect_v those_o our_o good_a friend_n and_o ally_n who_o shall_v henceforth_o by_o virtue_n of_o our_o licence_n to_o be_v first_o obtain_v endeavour_v to_o take_v the_o benefit_n of_o fish_v upon_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n in_o the_o place_n accustom_v give_v at_o our_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o ten_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o twelve_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n and_o ireland_n this_o proclamation_n be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o year_n 1636._o serve_v to_o speak_v the_o intent_n of_o those_o naval_a preparation_n make_v before_o in_o the_o year_n 1635._o which_o be_v so_o numerous_a and_o well-provided_a that_o our_o netherland-neighbor_n be_v touch_v with_o the_o apprehension_n of_o some_o great_a design_n in_o hand_n for_o the_o interest_n of_o england_n by_o sea_n and_o of_o the_o guilt_n that_o lie_v upon_o their_o own_o conscience_n for_o their_o bold_a encroachment_n soon_o betray_v their_o jealousy_n and_o fear_n and_o in_o they_o a_o since_o of_o their_o offence_n before_o ever_o the_o proclamation_n be_v make_v public_a as_o i_o may_v show_v at_o large_a if_o it_o be_v requisite_a by_o certain_a paper_n of_o a_o public_a character_n yet_o in_o be_v but_o there_o be_v one_o instar_fw-la omnium_fw-la which_o may_v serve_v in_o stead_n of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v a_o acute_a letter_n of_o secretary_n coke_n that_o be_v 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what_o be_v the_o occasion_n and_o what_o be_v his_o majesty_n be_v intention_n in_o this_o work_n first_o we_o hold_v it_o a_o principle_n not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n be_v a_o monarch_n at_o land_n and_o sea_n to_o the_o full_a extent_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o that_o it_o concern_v he_o as_o much_o to_o maintain_v his_o sovereignty_n in_o all_o the_o british_a sea_n as_o within_o his_o three_o kingdom_n because_o without_o that_o these_o can_v be_v keep_v safe_a nor_o he_o preserv_v his_o honour_n and_o due_a respect_n with_o other_o nation_n but_o command_v the_o sea_n he_o may_v cause_v his_o neighbour_n and_o all_o country_n to_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n whensoever_o he_o be_v fit_a and_o this_o can_v be_v doubt_v that_o whosoëver_o will_v encroach_v upon_o he_o by_o sea_n will_v do_v it_o by_o land_n also_o when_o they_o see_v their_o time_n to_o such_o presumption_n mare_fw-la liberum_fw-la give_v the_o first_o warning_n piece_n which_o must_v be_v answer_v with_o a_o defence_n of_o mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la not_o so_o much_o by_o discourse_n as_o by_o the_o loud_a language_n of_o a_o powerful_a navy_n to_o be_v better_o understand_v when_o overstrain_v patience_n see_v no_o hope_n of_o preserve_v she_o right_o by_o other_o mean_n the_o degree_n by_o which_o his_o majesty_n be_v dominion_n at_o sea_n have_v of_o late_a year_n be_v first_o impeach_v and_o then_o question_v be_v as_o considerable_a as_o notorious_a first_o to_o cherish_v and_o as_o it_o be_v to_o nur_n up_o our_o unthankful_a neighbour_n we_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o gather_v wealth_n and_o strength_n upon_o our_o coast_n in_o our_o port_n by_o our_o trade_n and_o by_o our_o people_n then_o they_o be_v glad_a to_o invite_v our_o merchant_n residence_n with_o what_o privilege_n they_o will_v desire_v then_o they_o offer_v to_o we_o even_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o then_o they_o sue_v for_o licence_n to_o fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n and_o obtain_v it_o under_o the_o great_a seal_n of_o scotland_n which_o now_o they_o suppress_v and_o when_o thus_o by_o leave_v or_o by_o connivance_n they_o have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o our_o fishing_n not_o only_o in_o scotland_n but_o in_o ireland_n and_o england_n and_o by_o our_o staple_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a stock_n of_o trade_n by_o these_o mean_v they_o so_o increase_v their_o ship_n and_o power_n at_o sea_n that_o now_o they_o endure_v not_o to_o be_v keep_v at_o any_o distance_n nay_o they_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o confidence_n to_o keep_v guard_n upon_o our_o sea_n and_o then_o to_o project_v a_o office_n and_o company_n of_o assurance_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n and_o withal_o prohibit_v we_o free_a commerce_n even_o within_o our_o sea_n and_o take_v our_o ship_n and_o good_n if_o we_o conform_v not_o to_o their_o placart_n what_o insolence_n and_o cruelty_n they_o have_v commit_v against_o we_o heretofore_o in_o ireland_n in_o groâ—nland_n and_o in_o the_o indies_n be_v too_o well_o know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n in_o all_o which_o though_o our_o suffering_n and_o their_o wrong_n may_v seem_v forget_v yet_o the_o great_a interest_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v honour_n be_v still_o the_o same_o and_o will_v refresh_v their_o memory_n as_o there_o shall_v be_v cause_n for_o though_o charity_n must_v remit_v wrong_n do_v to_o private_a man_n yet_o the_o reflection_n upon_o the_o public_a may_v make_v it_o a_o great_a charity_n to_o do_v justice_n on_o cry_v crime_n all_o this_o notwithstanding_o you_o be_v not_o to_o conceiv_v that_o the_o work_n of_o this_o fleet_n be_v either_o revenge_n or_o execution_n of_o justice_n for_o these_o great_a offence_n past_a but_o chief_o for_o the_o future_a to_o stop_v the_o violent_a current_n of_o that_o presumption_n whereby_o the_o man_n of_o war_n and_o freebooter_n of_o all_o nation_n abuse_v the_o favour_n of_o his_o majesty_n be_v peaceable_a and_o gracious_a government_n whereby_o he_o have_v permit_v all_o his_o friend_n and_o ally_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o sea_n and_o port_n in_o a_o reasonable_a and_o free_a manner_n and_o according_a to_o his_o treaty_n have_v take_v upon_o they_o the_o boldness_n not_o only_o to_o come_v confident_o at_o all_o time_n into_o all_o his_o port_n and_o river_n but_o to_o conveie_v their_o merchant_n ship_n as_o high_a as_o his_o chief_a city_n and_o then_o to_o cast_v anchor_n close_o upon_o his_o magazine_n and_o to_o contemn_v the_o command_n of_o his_o officer_n when_o they_o require_v a_o far_a distance_n but_o which_o be_v more_o intolerable_a have_v assault_v and_o take_v one_o another_o within_o his_o majesty_n be_v chamber_n and_o within_o his_o river_n to_o the_o scorn_n and_o contempt_n of_o his_o dominion_n and_o power_n and_o this_o be_v of_o late_a year_n a_o ordinary_a practice_n which_o we_o have_v endeavour_v in_o vain_a to_o reform_v by_o the_o way_n of_o justice_n and_o treaty_n the_o world_n i_o think_v will_v now_o be_v satisfy_v that_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o look_v about_o we_o and_o no_o wise_a man_n will_v doubt_v that_o it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o put_v our_o selus_fw-la in_o this_o equipage_n upon_o the_o sea_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v that_o stage_n of_o action_n to_o be_v take_v from_o we_o for_o want_v of_o our_o appearance_n so_o you_o see_v the_o general_a ground_n upon_o which_o our_o counsel_n stand_v in_o particular_a you_o may_v take_v notice_n and_o publish_v as_o cause_v require_n that_o his_o majesty_n by_o this_o fleet_n intend_v not_o a_o rupture_n with_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n nor_o to_o infringe_v any_o point_n of_o his_o treaty_n but_o resolve_v to_o continue_v and_o maintain_v that_o happy_a peace_n wherewith_o god_n have_v bless_v his_o kingdom_n and_o to_o which_o all_o his_o action_n and_o negotiation_n have_v hitherto_o tend_v as_o
by_o your_o own_o instruction_n you_o may_v full_o understand_v but_o withal_o consider_v that_o peace_n must_v be_v maintain_v by_o the_o arm_n of_o power_n which_o only_o keep_v his_o down_o war_n by_o keep_v up_o dominion_n his_o majesty_n thus_o provoke_v finde_n it_o necessary_a even_o for_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o safety_n to_o reassume_a and_o keep_v his_o ancient_a and_o undoubted_a right_n in_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o sea_n and_o to_o suffer_v no_o other_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o encroach_v upon_o he_o thereby_o assume_v to_o themselves_o or_o their_o admiral_n any_o sovereign_a command_n but_o to_o force_v they_o to_o perform_v due_a homage_n to_o his_o admiral_n and_o ship_n and_o to_o pay_v they_o acknowledgement_n as_o in_o former_a time_n they_o do_v he_o will_v also_o set_v open_a and_o protect_v the_o free_a trade_n both_o of_o his_o subject_n and_o ally_n and_o give_v they_o such_o safe_a conduct_n and_o convoie_n as_o they_o shall_v reasonable_o require_v he_o will_v suffer_v no_o other_o fleet_n or_o man_n of_o war_n to_o keep_v any_o guard_n upon_o these_o sea_n or_o there_o to_o offer_v violence_n or_o take_v prize_n or_o booty_n or_o to_o give_v interruption_n to_o any_o lawful_a intercour_n in_o a_o word_n his_o majesty_n be_v resolve_v as_o to_o do_v no_o wrong_n so_o to_o do_v justice_n both_o to_o his_o subject_n and_o friend_n within_o the_o limit_n of_o his_o sea_n and_o this_o be_v the_o real_a and_o royal_a design_n of_o this_o fleet_n whereof_o you_o may_v give_v part_n as_o you_o find_v occasion_n to_o our_o good_a neighbour_n in_o those_o part_n that_o no_o umbrage_n may_v be_v take_v of_o any_o hostile_a act_n or_o purpose_n to_o their_o prejudice_n in_o any_o kind_n so_o wish_v you_o all_o health_n and_o happiness_n i_o rest_v your_o assure_a friend_n and_o servant_n john_n cook_n whitehall_n 16_o april_n 1635._o our_o style_n in_o this_o letter_n you_o see_v first_o how_o it_o be_v hold_v for_o a_o undeniable_a principle_n that_o the_o king_n be_v king_n by_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o by_o land_n that_o neither_o the_o honour_n nor_o safety_n of_o this_o island_n and_o ireland_n can_v be_v maintain_v but_o by_o preserve_v the_o dominion_n by_o sea_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o argument_n that_o they_o that_o encroach_v upon_o we_o by_o sea_n will_v do_v it_o also_o by_o land_n when_o they_o see_v their_o time_n he_o declare'_v also_o how_o our_o unthankful_a neighbour_n be_v rise_v to_o this_o height_n and_o insolence_n partly_o by_o grant_n partly_o by_o connivance_n but_o principal_o through_o their_o many_o injurious_a abuse_n of_o our_o patience_n and_o indulgence_n and_o last_o you_o may_v observe_v here_o what_o resolution_n be_v then_o take_v to_o prevent_v the_o lilâ—e_a injury_n and_o preserv_v our_o english_a interest_n in_o time_n to_o come_v but_o how_o those_o resolution_n be_v follow_v in_o the_o succeed_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n i_o shall_v not_o stand_v to_o examine_v only_o it_o suffice_v here_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o claim_n of_o sea-dominion_n be_v make_v by_o he_o as_o well_o as_o by_o his_o father_n and_o for_o a_o time_n strenuous_o assert_v though_o afterward_o he_o slacken_v his_o hand_n in_o the_o prosecution_n whereof_o the_o netherlander_n take_v advantage_n and_o of_o our_o late_a commotion_n which_o be_v their_o halcyon-day_n and_o time_n of_o harvest_n be_v now_o advance_v to_o such_o a_o monstrous_a pitch_n of_o pride_n malice_n and_o ingratitude_n that_o they_o dare_v bid_v defiance_n to_o those_o ancient_a right_n which_o we_o have_v receive_v from_o all_o antiquity_n and_o justify_v their_o action_n by_o a_o most_o unjust_a and_o bloody_a war_n in_o the_o view_n of_o all_o the_o world_n what_o remain_n then_o but_o that_o the_o parliament_n and_o people_n of_o england_n shall_v lay_v these_o thing_n to_o heart_n with_o a_o indignation_n answerable_a to_o so_o prodigious_a violation_n and_o invasion_n they_o have_v now_o a_o opportunity_n and_o strength_n give_v they_o by_o god_n o_o let_v not_o heart_n be_v want_v to_o make_v good_a the_o claim_n and_o accomplish_v that_o work_n of_o establish_v our_o interest_n by_o sea_n beyond_o the_o possibility_n of_o future_a impeachment_n let_v it_o not_o be_v say_v that_o england_n in_o the_o state_n of_o monarchy_n be_v able_a to_o hold_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o many_o hundred_o year_n and_o then_o lose_v it_o in_o the_o state_n of_o liberty_n it_o be_v as_o now_o establish_v with_o its_o appendant_o the_o great_a and_o most_o glorious_a republic_n that_o the_o sun_n ever_o see_v except_o the_o roman_a god_n have_v make_v it_o so_o by_o land_n and_o will_v by_o sea_n for_o without_o this_o the_o land_n be_v nothing_o it_o be_v ever_o so_o apprehend_v by_o king_n yea_o by_o the_o last_o and_o worst_a of_o our_o king_n and_o shall_v the_o founder_n of_o this_o famous_a structure_n of_o government_n now_o in_o be_v who_o have_v cashier_v king_n and_o vindicate_v the_o right_n and_o liberty_n of_o this_o nation_n upon_o his_o head_n and_o his_o whole_a posterity_n and_o party_n not_o assert_v they_o against_o perfidious_a neighbour_n it_o be_v unpardonable_a in_o any_o to_o harbour_v a_o thought_n of_o that_o nature_n or_o to_o yield_v that_o such_o a_o blemish_n shall_v be_v bring_v upon_o all_o those_o glorious_a action_n and_o achievement_n whereby_o god_n have_v free_v and_o ennoble_v our_o land_n and_o nation_n but_o that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v be_v excite_v to_o a_o valuation_n maintenance_n and_o improvement_n of_o their_o interest_n by_o sea_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o let_v they_o understand_v what_o advantage_n be_v to_o be_v make_v thereby_o and_o be_v make_v by_o other_o who_o of_o usufructuary_n by_o permission_n have_v in_o design_n now_o to_o make_v themselves_o absolute_a lord_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v very_o convenient_a here_o to_o set_v down_o a_o excellent_a discourse_n which_o be_v write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o late_a king_n and_o present_v by_o the_o follow_a title_n the_o inestimable_a riches_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n the_o coast_n of_o great_a britain_n do_v yield_v such_o a_o continual_a sea-harvest_n of_o gain_n and_o benefit_n to_o all_o those_o that_o with_o diligence_n do_v labour_n in_o the_o same_o that_o no_o time_n or_o season_n in_o the_o year_n pass_v away_o without_o some_o apparent_a mean_n of_o profitable_a employment_n especial_o to_o such_o as_o apply_v themselves_o to_o fish_v which_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o year_n unto_o the_o latter_a end_n continue_v upon_o some_o part_n or_o other_o upon_o our_o coast_n and_o therein_o such_o infinite_a shoal_n and_o multitude_n of_o fish_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o taker_n as_o may_v just_o move_v admiration_n not_o only_o to_o stranger_n but_o to_o those_o that_o daily_o be_v employ_v among_o they_o the_o summer-fishing_a for_o herring_n begin_v about_o midsummer_n and_o last_v some_o part_n of_o august_n the_o winter-fishing_a for_o herring_n last_v from_o september_n to_o the_o midst_n of_o november_n both_o which_o extend_v in_o place_n from_o boughones_n in_o scotland_n to_o the_o thame'_v mouth_n the_o fish_n for_o cod_n at_o alamby_n whirlington_n and_o white_a haven_n near_o the_o coast_n of_o lancashire_n from_o easter_n until_o whitsuntide_n the_o fish_n for_o hake_n at_o aberdenie_n abveswhich_n and_o other_o place_n between_o wales_n and_o ireland_n from_o whitsuntide_n to_o saint_n james_n tide_n the_o fish_n of_o cod_n and_o ling_n about_o padstow_n within_o the_o land_n and_o of_o severn_n from_o christmas_n to_o mid-lent_n the_o fish_n for_o cod_n on_o the_o west_n part_n of_o ireland_n frequent_v by_o those_o of_o biscay_n galicia_n and_o portugal_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o april_n until_o the_o end_n of_o june_n the_o fish_n for_o cod_n and_o ling_n on_o the_o north_n and_o north-east_n of_o ireland_n from_o christmas_n until_o michaëlmas_n the_o fish_n for_o pilcher_n on_o the_o west_n coast_n of_o england_n from_o saint_n james-tide_n until_o michaëlmas_n the_o fish_n for_o cod_n and_o ling_n upon_o the_o north-east_n of_o england_n from_o easter_n until_o midsummer_n the_o fish_n of_o great_a staple-ling_n and_o many_o other_o sort_n of_o fish_n lie_v about_o the_o island_n of_o scotland_n and_o in_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o british_a sea_n all_o the_o year_n long_o in_o september_n not_o many_o year_n since_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o devonshire_n near_o minigal_n 500_o tun_n of_o fish_n be_v take_v in_o one_o day_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n three_o thousand_o pound_n worth_n of_o fish_n in_o one_o day_n be_v take_v at_o s_o t_o ives_n in_o cornwall_n by_o small_a boat_n and_o other_o poor_a provision_n our_o five-men-boat_n and_o cobles_n adventure_v in_o a_o calm_a to_o launch_v out_o among_o the_o
holland_n buss_n not_o far_o from_o robinhood_n bay_n return_v to_o whitbie_n full_o fraught_v with_o herring_n and_o report_v that_o they_o see_v some_o of_o those_o buss_n take_v ten_o twenty_o twenty_o four_o last_n at_o a_o draught_n of_o herring_n and_o return_v into_o their_o own_o country_n with_o forty_o fifty_o and_o a_o hundred_o last_n of_o herring_n in_o one_o buss._n our_o fleet_n of_o collier_n not_o many_o year_n since_o return_v from_o newcastle_n lade_v with_o coal_n about_o the_o well_o near_a flanborough_n head_n and_o scarborough_n meet_v with_o such_o multitude_n of_o cod_n ling_n and_o herring_n that_o one_o among_o the_o rest_n with_o certain_a ship-hook_n and_o other_o like_a iustrument_n draw_v up_o as_o much_o cod_n and_o ling_n in_o a_o little_a space_n of_o time_n as_o be_v sell_v well_o near_o for_o as_o much_o as_o her_o whole_a lade_n of_o cole_n and_o many_o hundred_o of_o ship_n may_v have_v be_v there_o lade_v in_o two_o day_n and_o two_o night_n out_o of_o which_o wonderful_a affluence_n and_o abundance_n of_o fish_n swarm_v in_o our_o sea_n that_o we_o may_v the_o better_o perceiv_v the_o infinite_a gain_n which_o foreign_a nation_n make_v i_o will_v especial_o insist_v upon_o the_o fish_n of_o the_o hollander_n in_o our_o coast_n and_o thereby_o show_v how_o by_o this_o mean_n principal_o they_o have_v increase_v 1._o in_o ship_n 2._o in_o mariner_n 3._o in_o trade_n 4._o in_o town_n and_o fortification_n 5._o in_o power_n extern_a or_o abroad_o 6._o in_o public_a revenue_n 7._o in_o private_a wealth_n 8._o in_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o store_n of_o thing_n necessary_a 1._o encreas_n of_o ship_n beside_o 700_o strand-boat_n 400_o evar_n and_o 400_o sullit_n driver_n and_o tod-boat_n wherewith_o the_o hollander_n fish_n upon_o their_o own_o coast_n every_o one_o of_o those_o employ_v another_o ship_n to_o fetch_v salt_n and_o carry_v their_o fish_n into_o other_o country_n be_v in_o all_o 3000_o sail_n maintain_v and_o set_v on_o work_n at_o least_o 4000_o person_n fisher_n tradesman_n woman_n and_o child_n they_o have_v 100_o doyer_n boat_n of_o 150_o tun_n a_o piece_n or_o thereabouts_o 700_o pink_n and_o well-boat_n from_o 60_o to_o 100_o tun_n a_o piece_n which_o altogether_o fish_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n for_o cod_n and_o ling_n only_o and_o each_o of_o these_o employ_v another_o vessel_n for_o provide_v of_o salt_n and_o transport_v of_o their_o fish_n make_v in_o all_o 1600_o ship_n which_o maintain_v and_o employ_v person_n of_o all_o sort_n 4000_o at_o least_o for_o the_o herring-season_n they_o have_v 1600_o buss_n at_o the_o least_o all_o of_o they_o fish_v only_o upon_o our_o coast_n from_o boughonness_n in_o scotland_n to_o the_o mouth_n of_o thames_n and_o every_o one_o of_o these_o make_v work_n for_o three_o other_o ship_n that_o attend_v she_o the_o one_o to_o bring_v in_o salt_n from_o foreign_a part_n another_o to_o carry_v the_o say_a salt_n and_o cask_n to_o the_o buss_n and_o to_o bring_v back_o their_o herring_n and_o the_o three_o to_o transport_v the_o say_a fish_n into_o foreign_a country_n so_o that_o the_o total_a number_n of_o ship_n and_o buss_n ply_v the_o herring-fair_a be_v 6400_o whereby_o every_o buss_n one_o with_o another_o employ_v forty_o man_n mariner_n and_o fisher_n within_o her_o own_o hold_n and_o the_o rest_n ten_o man_n a_o piece_n which_o amount_v to_o 112000_o fisher_n and_o mariner_n all_o which_o maintain_v double_a if_o not_o treble_v so_o many_o tradesman_n woman_n and_o child_n a_o land_n moreover_o they_o have_v 400_o other_o vessel_n at_o least_o that_o take_v herring_n at_o yarmouth_n and_o there_o sell_v they_o for_o ready_a money_n so_o that_o the_o hollander_n beside_o 300_o ship_n beforementioned_a fish_v upon_o their_o own_o shore_n have_v at_o least_o 4800_o ship_n only_o maintain_v by_o the_o sea_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o which_o mean_v principal_o holland_n be_v not_o so_o big_a as_o one_o of_o our_o shire_n of_o england_n contain_v not_o above_o 28_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o three_o in_o breadth_n have_v increase_v the_o number_n of_o their_o ship_n to_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n be_v more_o than_o be_v in_o england_n france_n spain_n portugal_n italy_n denmark_n poland_n sweden_n and_o russia_n and_o to_o this_o number_n they_o add_v every_o day_n although_o their_o country_n itself_o afford'_v they_o neither_o material_n or_o victual_n nor_o merchandise_n to_o be_v account_v of_o towards_o their_o set_n forth_o beside_o these_o of_o holland_n lubeck_n have_v 700_o great_a ship_n hamborough_n six_o hundred_o embden_n fourteen_o hundred_o whereunto_o add_v the_o ship_n of_o bremer_n biscay_n portugal_n spain_n and_o france_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n fish_n in_o our_o sea_n and_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o foreign_a vessel_n and_o above_o be_v employ_v and_o maintain_v by_o fish_v upon_o our_o coast_n so_o that_o in_o holland_n there_o be_v build_v a_o thousand_o sail_n at_o the_o least_o to_o supply_v shipwreck_n and_o augment_v their_o store_n which_o as_o the_o prince_n and_o common_a nursery_n be_v the_o chief_a mean_n only_o to_o encrea_n their_o number_n 2._o encreas_n of_o mariner_n the_o number_n of_o ship_n fish_v on_o our_o coast_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a 8400._o if_o we_o allow_v but_o twenty_o person_n to_o every_o ship_n one_o with_o another_o the_o total_a of_o mariner_n and_o fisher_n amount_v to_o 168000_o out_o of_o which_o number_n they_o daily_o furnish_v their_o long_a voyage_n to_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n for_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o be_v not_o only_o enable_v to_o brook_v the_o sea_n and_o to_o know_v the_o use_n of_o the_o tackle_n and_o compass_n but_o be_v likewise_o instruct_v in_o the_o principle_n of_o navigation_n and_o pilotage_n insomuch_o as_o from_o hence_o their_o great_a navigator_n have_v have_v their_o education_n and_o breed_n 3._o encreas_n of_o trade_n by_o reason_n of_o those_o multitude_n of_o ship_n and_o mariner_n they_o have_v extend_v their_o trade_n to_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n export_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o all_o their_o voyage_n our_o herring_n and_o other_o fish_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o same_o in_o exchange_v whereof_o they_o return_v the_o several_a commodity_n of_o other_o country_n from_o the_o southern_a part_n as_o france_n spain_n and_o portugal_n for_o our_o herring_n they_o return_v oil_n wine_n prune_n honey_n wool_n etc._n etc._n with_o store_n of_o coin_n in_o specie_fw-la from_o the_o strait_n velvet_n satin_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o silk_n allome_n currant_n oil_n and_o all_o grocery_n ware_n with_o much_o money_n from_o the_o east-country_n for_o our_o herring_n and_o other_o french_a and_o italian_a commodity_n before_o return_v they_o bring_v home_o corn_n wax_n flax_n hemp_n pitch_n tar_n soap-ash_n iron_n copper_n steel_n clap-board_n wainscot_n timber_n deal-board_n dollar_n and_o hungary_n gilder_n from_o germany_n for_o herring_n and_o other_o salt_n fish_n iron_n steel_n glass_n millstone_n rhenish_a wine_n button-plate_n for_o armour_n with_o other_o munition_n silk_n velvet_n rash_n fustian_n baratee_n and_o such_o like_a frankford_n commodity_n with_o store_n of_o rixdoller_n from_o brabant_n they_o return_v for_o the_o most_o part_n ready_a money_n with_o some_o tapestry_n and_o hull-shop_n yea_o some_o of_o our_o herring_n be_v carry_v as_o far_o as_o braseil_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o strange_a and_o great_o to_o our_o shame_n they_o have_v four_o hundred_o ship_n with_o fish_n which_o our_o man_n of_o yarmouth_n within_o ken_n almost_o at_o land_n do_v vent_v our_o herring_n among_o we_o here_o in_o england_n and_o make_v we_o pay_v for_o the_o fish_n take_v upon_o our_o own_o coast_n ready_a money_n wherewith_o they_o store_v their_o own_o country_n 4._o encreas_n of_o town_n and_o fort_n by_o this_o their_o large_a extent_n of_o trade_n they_o be_v become_v as_o it_o be_v citizen_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n whereby_o they_o have_v so_o enlarge_v their_o town_n that_o most_o of_o they_o within_o these_o four_o hundred_o year_n be_v full_a as_o great_a again_o as_o they_o be_v before_o amsterdam_n leyden_n and_o middleburgh_n have_v be_v late_o twice_o enlarge_v and_o their_o street_n and_o building_n so_o fair_a and_o orderly_o set_v forth_o that_o for_o beauty_n and_o strength_n they_o may_v compare_v with_o any_o other_o in_o the_o world_n upon_o which_o they_o bestow_v infinite_a sum_n of_o money_n all_o original_o flow_v from_o the_o bounty_n of_o the_o sea_n from_o whence_o by_o their_o labour_n and_o industry_n they_o derive_v the_o begin_n of_o all_o that_o wealth_n and_o greatness_n and_o particular_o for_o the_o havens_n of_o the_o aforesaid_a town_n whereof_o some_o of_o they_o cost_v forty_o fifty_o or_o a_o
or_o singularity_n especial_o when_o it_o be_v beside_o most_o apparent_a that_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n do_v not_o only_o pretend_v to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o sound_n but_o cause_v all_o such_o ship_n as_o pass_v through_o it_o to_o pay_v what_o toll_n he_o please_v the_o great_a turk_n prohibit'_v all_o nation_n save_v his_o own_o vassal_n to_o enter_v the_o black_a sea_n or_o pontus_n euxinus_n the_o like_a he_o do_v to_o the_o red_a sea_n which_o conte_v at_o the_o least_o 1200_o mile_n in_o length_n begin_v from_o the_o streit_n of_o babelmandel_n which_o give_v we_o entrance_n thereinto_o and_o end_v at_o the_o town_n of_o sue_v which_o be_v seat_v at_o the_o bottom_n thereof_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n oppose_v to_o the_o utmost_a of_o his_o power_n any_o but_o his_o own_o subject_n to_o sail_v into_o the_o east-indies_n affirm_v those_o sea_n to_o be_v entire_o under_o his_o dominion_n as_o well_o by_o conquest_n as_o the_o pope_n donation_n insomuch_o as_o the_o small_a vessel_n even_o of_o the_o native_n of_o those_o part_n can_v sail_v from_o port_n to_o port_n without_o the_o passport_n of_o the_o viceroy_n of_o goa_n or_o of_o some_o other_o by_o he_o depute_v thereto_o style_v himself_o among_o other_o his_o title_n to_o be_v king_n of_o the_o conquest_n navigation_n and_o commerce_n or_o traffic_n of_o aethiopia_n arabia_n persia_n india_n etc._n etc._n which_o have_v be_v hitherto_o so_o punctual_o observe_v as_o no_o castilian_a or_o spaniard_n may_v at_o any_o time_n or_o for_o any_o occasion_n sail_n into_o the_o east-indies_n though_o both_o those_o nation_n be_v for_o many_o year_n together_o unite_v under_o one_o king_n second_o if_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o sea_n dotrue_o and_o proper_o belong_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n as_o have_v be_v so_o sufficient_o clear_v and_o prove_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n by_o that_o learned_a book_n entitle_v mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la why_o may_v not_o or_o ought_v not_o the_o people_n of_o england_n by_o all_o lawful_a way_n procure_v that_o the_o dominion_n of_o these_o sea_n that_o so_o just_o apperte_v unto_o they_o may_v be_v secure_v from_o any_o force_n violence_n or_o opposition_n how_o great_a soever_o of_o their_o most_o powerful_a neighbour_n whenas_o we_o see_v the_o venetian_n to_o be_v so_o jealous_a in_o preservation_n of_o the_o title_n they_o pretend_v to_o their_o sea_n as_o rather_o than_o to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v in_o the_o least_o sort_n question_v they_o do_v upon_o all_o occasion_n oppose_v themselves_o by_o force_n or_o otherwise_o against_o the_o most_o potent_a prince_n of_o europe_n and_o asia_n vale._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d dominium_fw-la maris_fw-la or_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea._n after_o a_o long_a peace_n betwixt_o the_o progenitor_n of_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n the_o first_o and_o the_o republic_n of_o venice_n in_o the_o year_n 1508_o there_o begin_v certain_a slight_a difference_n which_o conclude_v in_o a_o notable_a and_o most_o memorable_a war_n insomuch_o as_o the_o republic_n for_o 22_o year_n follow_v be_v with_o the_o say_a prince_n and_o with_o his_o posterity_n for_o divers_a respect_n sometime_o in_o war_n sometime_o in_o peace_n and_o sometime_o in_o truce_n until_o in_o the_o year_n 1529_o all_o difference_n betwixt_o they_o be_v compose_v and_o a_o peace_n conclude_v in_o bolonia_n which_o continue_v all_o that_o age_n with_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o together_o with_o his_o brother_n ferdinando_n king_n of_o hungary_n and_o archduke_n of_o austria_n but_o because_o by_o the_o division_n make_v betwixt_o the_o say_a brethren_n seven_o year_n before_o all_o the_o austrian_a land_n which_o confine_v with_o the_o venetian_n be_v lay_v by_o agreement_n unto_o the_o part_n which_o belong_v unto_o king_n ferdinand_n the_o confine_n of_o which_o as_o they_o have_v conjuncture_n with_o the_o land_n of_o the_o republic_n be_v very_o intricate_a and_o of_o great_a difficulty_n to_o conclude_v unto_o whether_o party_n they_o do_v belong_v as_o well_o for_o the_o public_a reason_n of_o the_o say_a prince_n as_o for_o those_o of_o their_o private_a subject_n to_o end_v all_o which_o in_o quiet_a it_o be_v agree_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o arbitrarie_a tribunal_n erect_v in_o trent_n for_o the_o decide_n of_o these_o doubt_n which_o in_o the_o year_n 1535_o pronounce_v sentence_n whereby_o all_o the_o difference_n be_v more_o than_o a_o hundred_o be_v definitive_o conclude_v here_o notwithstanding_o the_o difficulty_n cease_v not_o because_o some_o do_v travers_n the_o execution_n of_o the_o sentence_n so_o as_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n new_a quarrel_n do_v arise_v from_o both_o side_n each_o one_o pretend_v new_a wrongâ—_n offer_v by_o the_o advers._fw-la party_n whereupon_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o all_o these_o difference_n there_o be_v by_o the_o common_a consent_n as_o well_o of_o ferdinando_n who_o succeed_v in_o the_o empire_n by_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o brother_n as_o of_o the_o republic_n a_o convention_n appoint_v in_o friuli_n 1563_o of_o five_o commissary_n one_o procurator_n and_o three_o advocate_n for_o each_o part_n who_o shall_v treat_v of_o the_o difference_n as_o well_o old_a as_o new_a and_o shall_v have_v power_n to_o conclude_v they_o under_o the_o ratification_n of_o the_o several_a prince_n and_o this_o so_o great_a a_o number_n of_o judge_n be_v desire_v by_o the_o emperor_n the_o better_a to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o his_o subject_n of_o several_a province_n interest_v in_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o imperial_a side_n the_o commissary_n be_v andrew_n preghel_n a_o baron_n of_o austria_n maximilian_n dorimbergh_n elenger_n de_fw-fr goritia_n stephen_n sourz_n and_o anthony_n statemberger_n the_o procurator_n be_v giacomo_n campana_n chancellor_n of_o goritia_n the_o doctor_n or_o advocate_n be_v andrea_n rapicio_fw-la gervasio_n alberto_n and_o giovan_n maria_n gratia_n dei_fw-la for_o the_o venetian_n the_o commissary_n be_v sebastian_z venier_n marino_n de_fw-fr cavalli_n pietro_n sanudo_n giovan_n baptista_n contarini_n and_o augustin_n barbarigo_n the_o procurator_n be_v giovan_n antonio_n a_o secretary_n the_o advocates_n marquardo_fw-it susanna_n francisco_n gratiano_n and_o giacomo_n chizzola_n at_o this_o convention_n the_o complaint_n on_o both_o side_n be_v open_v which_o be_v argue_v and_o the_o other_o public_a difference_n partly_o compose_v and_o partly_o decide_v there_o be_v take_v into_o consideration_n a_o petition_n of_o the_o imperial_a procurator_n in_o this_o form_n ejusden_n majestatis_fw-la nomine_fw-la requiritur_fw-la ut_fw-la posthac_fw-la illius_fw-la subditis_fw-la atque_fw-la aliis_fw-la in_o sinu_fw-la adriatico_n tutò_fw-la navigare_fw-la ac_fw-la negotiari_fw-la liceat_fw-la item_n ut_fw-la damna_fw-la tergestinis_fw-la mercatoribus_fw-la atque_fw-la aliis_fw-la illata_fw-la restituantur_fw-la it_o be_v require_v in_o the_o name_n of_o his_o majesty_n that_o hereafter_o it_o may_v be_v lawful_a for_o his_o subject_n and_o other_o to_o traffic_v and_o navigate_v safe_o in_o the_o adriatic_a gulf._n likewise_o that_o recompense_n be_v make_v for_o the_o damage_n sustain_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o trieste_n and_o other_o and_o rapicio_fw-la the_o advocate_n do_v accompany_v this_o demand_n with_o say_v that_o this_o be_v not_o a_o cause_n to_o be_v handle_v with_o any_o subtlety_n it_o be_v a_o thing_n most_o notorious_a that_o navigation_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a notwithstanding_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o majesty_n have_v be_v constrain_v to_o go_v with_o their_o ship_n to_o venice_n and_o there_o to_o pay_v custom_n at_o which_o his_o majesty_n be_v aggrieve_v and_o make_v instance_n that_o it_o may_v be_v remedy_v to_o this_o chizzola_n advocate_n of_o the_o republic_n make_v answer_n say_v that_o it_o be_v a_o clear_a case_n indeed_o that_o navigation_n ought_v to_o be_v free_a but_o yet_o those_o thing_n whereat_o they_o be_v aggrieve_v be_v no_o way_n repugnant_a to_o this_o freedom_n forasmuch_o as_o in_o country_n which_o be_v most_o free_a those_o who_o have_v the_o dominion_n thereof_o receiv_a custom_n and_o order_n by_o which_o way_n all_o merchandise_n shall_v pass_v and_o therefore_o no_o body_n shall_v be_v grieve_v if_o the_o venetian_n for_o their_o own_o respect_n do_v use_v so_o to_o do_v in_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n which_o be_v under_o their_o dominion_n and_o he_o add_v that_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o dispute_v of_o the_o business_n in_o question_n he_o be_v to_o advertise_v they_o that_o this_o cause_n can_v not_o by_o any_o preten_v be_v bring_v into_o judgement_n at_o that_o convention_n which_o be_v only_o institute_v for_o the_o execution_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v former_o sentence_v and_o for_o right_v of_o such_o new_a wrong_n which_o succeed_v after_o the_o sentence_n it_o be_v beside_o a_o thing_n most_o notorious_a that_o the_o republic_n as_o lord_n of_o the_o adriatiok_n sea_n do_v exercise_v that_o dominion_n at_o the_o present_a
other_o who_o have_v enjoy_v a_o dominion_n in_o other_o sea_n when_o they_o have_v be_v concern_v in_o the_o like_a case_n with_o england_n have_v their_o sovereignty_n at_o sea_n impeach_v and_o question_v by_o encroach_a neighbour_n it_o be_v think_v meet_a here_o to_o annex_v a_o ingenious_a and_o learned_a plea_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v very_o succinct_o write_v in_o italian_a but_o faithful_o render_v in_o english_a by_o a_o honourable_a member_n of_o this_o commonwealth_n and_o publish_v some_o time_n since_o under_o the_o follow_a title_n dominium_fw-la maris_fw-la or_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea._n express_v the_o title_n which_o the_o venetian_n pretend_v unto_o the_o sole_a dominion_n and_o absolute_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n common_o call_v the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n manifest_v in_o a_o plead_v or_o argument_n betwixt_o the_o republic_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n whereby_o be_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o sea_n as_o well_o as_o the_o land_n be_v liable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o propriety_n and_o may_v be_v bring_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n and_o protection_n of_o particular_a prince_n and_o state_n contrary_a to_o the_o assertion_n of_o those_o who_o affirm_v the_o sea_n to_o be_v free_a and_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o no_o man_n translate_v out_o of_o italian_a london_n print_v by_o william_n du_n gard._n an._n dom._n 1652._o a_o advertisement_n to_o the_o readder_n i_o think_v it_o fit_v not_o to_o instruct_v but_o rather_o to_o remember_v the_o reader_n that_o this_o sea_n over_o which_o the_o venetian_n challenge_v sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n be_v common_o call_v the_o gulf_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o large_a bay_n or_o inlet_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o enter_v in_o betwixt_o two_o land_n and_o sever_a they_o for_o many_o mile_n countinuance_n in_o the_o end_n receive_v a_o stop_n or_o interruption_n of_o further_a passage_n by_o a_o opposite_a shore_n which_o jo_v both_o the_o say_a land_n together_o it_o be_v call_v the_o gulf_n of_o venice_n from_o the_o city_n of_o venice_n situate_v upon_o certain_a break_a island_n near_o unto_o the_o bottom_n thereof_o it_o be_v also_o call_v the_o adriatic_a sea_n from_o the_o ancient_a city_n of_o adria_n lie_v not_o far_o distant_a from_o the_o former_a from_o the_o entrance_n thereof_o unto_o the_o bottom_n it_o conte_v in_o length_n about_o 600_o italian_a mile_n where_o it_o be_v broad_o it_o be_v 160_o mile_n over_o in_o other_o but_o 80_o in_o the_o most_o 100_o the_o south-west_n shore_n of_o it_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o province_n of_o puglia_n and_o abruzzo_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n the_o marquisate_n of_o ancona_n and_o romagna_n in_o the_o pope_n state_n and_o the_o marquisate_n of_o trevisana_n in_o the_o venetian_a state_n the_o north_n part_n of_o it_o or_o bottom_n have_v friuli_n for_o its_o bound_n the_o north-east_n be_v limit_v by_o istria_n dalmatia_n albania_n and_o epirus_n whereof_o istria_n do_v not_o so_o entire_o belong_v unto_o the_o venetian_n but_o that_o the_o archduke_n of_o gratz_n of_o the_o austrian_a family_n who_o at_o this_o present_a be_v emperor_n do_v possess_v divers_a maritime_a town_n therein_o in_o dalmatia_n save_v zara_n spalleto_n and_o cattaro_n they_o have_v nothing_o of_o importance_n the_o rest_n belong_v to_o the_o republic_n of_o ragusa_n and_o to_o the_o turk_n in_o albania_n and_o epirus_n they_o possess_v nothing_o at_o all_o it_o be_v entire_o the_o turk_n so_o that_o he_o who_o shall_v examine_v the_o circuit_n of_o this_o sea_n which_o must_v contain_v above_o 1200_o mile_n shall_v find_v the_o shore_n of_o the_o venetian_a signory_n not_o to_o take_v up_o entire_a 100l_n of_o they_o omit_v some_o scatter_a town_n and_o disperse_a island_n lie_v on_o the_o turkish_a side_n of_o the_o adriatic_a shore_n for_o the_o secure_n hereof_o from_o the_o depredation_n of_o pirate_n and_o the_o pretence_n of_o divers_a potent_a prince_n as_o the_o pope_n emperor_n king_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o great_a turk_n who_o have_v each_o of_o they_o large_a territory_n lie_v thereupon_o also_o to_o cause_v all_o such_o ship_n as_o navigate_v the_o same_o to_o go_v to_o venice_n and_o there_o to_o pay_v custom_n and_o other_o duty_n the_o republic_n mainte_v continual_o in_o action_n a_o great_a number_n of_o ship_n galley_n and_o galliot_n whereto_o they_o also_o add_v more_o as_o there_o may_v be_v occasion_n whereof_o some_o lie_n about_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o gulf_n in_o istria_n other_o about_o the_o island_n of_o dalmatia_n to_o clear_v those_o part_n of_o pirate_n who_o have_v much_o infest_a those_o sea_n other_o and_o those_o of_o most_o force_n have_v their_o station_n in_o the_o island_n of_o corâ—u_n and_o in_o that_o of_o candia_n in_o the_o first_o of_o which_o common_o reside_n the_o captain_n of_o the_o gulf_n who_o they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o proveditor_n or_o provisor_n general_a who_o office_n it_o be_v to_o secure_v the_o navigation_n of_o the_o gulf_n not_o only_o from_o the_o corsari_n or_o pirate_n but_o to_o provide_v that_o neither_o the_o galley_n nor_o ship_n of_o the_o pope_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n or_o great_a turk_n do_v so_o much_o as_o enter_v the_o same_o without_o permission_n of_o the_o signory_n or_o republic_n and_o upon_o such_o condition_n as_o best_a please_v they_o which_o they_o be_v so_o careful_a to_o effect_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1638_o the_o turkish_a fleet_n enter_v the_o gulf_n without_o licence_n be_v assail_v by_o the_o venetian_a general_n who_o sink_v divers_a of_o their_o vessel_n and_o compel_v the_o rest_n to_o fly_v unto_o valona_n he_o hold_v they_o there_o besiege_v although_o the_o same_o city_n and_o port_n whereon_o it_o stand_v be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n and_o notwithstanding_o that_o a_o great_a and_o dangerous_a war_n be_v likely_a to_o ensue_v thereupon_o betwixt_o the_o grand-signor_n and_o the_o republic_n because_o the_o venetian_a general_n be_v not_o content_a to_o have_v chase_v they_o into_o their_o own_o port_n do_v moreover_o then_o that_o sink_v their_o vessel_n and_o land_v his_o man_n slay_v divers_a of_o their_o mariner_n who_o have_v escape_v his_o fury_n at_o sea_n yet_o after_o that_o a_o very_a honourable_a peace_n be_v again_o conclude_v betwixt_o they_o wherein_z among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o venetian_n as_o often_o as_o any_o turkish_a vessel_n do_v without_o their_o licence_n enter_v the_o gulf_n to_o seize_v upon_o they_o by_o force_n if_o they_o will_v not_o otherwise_o obey_v and_o that_o it_o shall_v likewise_o be_v lawful_a for_o they_o so_o to_o do_v within_o any_o haven_n or_o under_o any_o fort_n of_o the_o grand-signor's_a border_v on_o any_o part_n of_o the_o venetian_a gulf._n out_o of_o all_o which_o when_o i_o consider_v the_o real_a and_o absolute_a sovereignty_n which_o this_o republic_n do_v actual_o enjoy_v over_o this_o sea_n which_o they_o have_v ever_o defend_v as_o well_o by_o the_o sword_n as_o the_o pen_n and_o withal_o how_o that_o some_o neighbour_a nation_n of_o late_a year_n do_v seem_v to_o envy_v the_o title_n of_o england_n to_o the_o narrow_a sea_n affirm_v in_o some_o of_o their_o writing_n the_o sea_n to_o be_v free_a that_o it_o neither_o aught_o nor_o can_v be_v under_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o any_o that_o it_o be_v a_o wild_a beast_n which_o can_v not_o be_v rule_v that_o possessio_fw-la be_v pedis_fw-la positio_fw-la there_o can_v no_o possession_n be_v either_o take_v or_o keep_v of_o it_o that_o the_o limit_n thereof_o be_v a_o fluent_a element_n can_v not_o be_v score_v out_o or_o certain_o determine_v that_o it_o be_v as_o free_v for_o all_o mankind_n to_o use_v and_o as_o common_a as_o the_o aër_fw-la with_o many_o other_o thing_n to_o that_o purpose_n i_o chance_v some_o year_n past_a to_o be_v at_o venice_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o premise_n do_v labour_n with_o a_o great_a desire_n to_o know_v the_o ground_n of_o that_o title_n whereupon_o the_o venetian_n found_v their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o after_o much_o search_n even_o to_o the_o despair_n of_o obtain_v of_o it_o i_o happen_v upon_o this_o ensue_a argument_n contain_v a_o plea_n or_o dispute_n betwixt_o the_o austrian_n and_o venetian_n touch_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n not_o fictitious_a or_o devise_v only_o to_o colour_v the_o cause_n but_o faithful_o transcribe_v from_o out_o the_o public_a register_n of_o that_o city_n which_o i_o offer_v herewith_o to_o the_o reader_n in_o english_a and_o withal_o these_o two_o consideration_n first_o that_o hereby_o it_o will_v appear_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o england_n challenge_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n be_v neither_o a_o novelty_n