that is What credit the Irish Roman Catholick Historians deserve in these matters and certainly it is so very little that I hope the greatest fault that will be found with this Collection will be that I have honoured Mr. Sullevan and others of them with too large a Confutation for besides the direct Testimony of Peter Walsh that these Popish Authors do a P. W. Remonstrance 583. mingle Truth and Lyes indifferently whoever will take the Pains to read their Books will find that they understand one anothers failings so well that when they fall out they do little else but give one another the b Fryar Paul King published innumera mendacia Beling in pref mendacia horrenda ibidem indigesta mendaciorum moles Beling 1. Belingus mentitur quidem splendide says Father Ponce vindiciae Eversae 175. vel mentitus es vel mendacium protulisti ibid. 12. Similiter ibid. pag. 4. 17. 28 c. Lye in a word I have not found one of them tolerable or of any credit except Peter Walsh and Mr. Beling And do think that all the rest of them that I have seen do deserve that Character which Mr. Beling has given to Fryar Paul King Tanquam capis in cudendis Mendacâ—â—s voluptatem ut ab eis etiam ubi rem tuam nihil promovent abstinere teâ—nequeas Beling 69. viz. That they take so much delight in Lying that they cannot abstain from it even where it does them no Serviâ—e This being Premised the first Question will be whether the Irish or English began the Rebellion for beside that the Irish have published b Burlace Epist 120. abroad both by word and writing That the English were the Aggressors R. S. in his Collection of Murders pag. 1. affirms that the Murder of Three thousand Irish in the Isle of Magee was the first Massacre in Ireland on either side But certainly it is more difficult to believe that any one could be so shameless to make this Objection then it is to give it a full and undeniable Answer for the Slaughter at Magee did not happen until the latter end of November and in revenge of the many Murders committed by the Irish on the Scots whom they spared for the first Ten days whilst in the mean time they murdered the English and it is notorious to all the World that the Irish Rebellion broke out the 23d day of October and that there were many Murders committed even that very day and every day after for a long time all which is testified by a Cloud of Witnesses and that the Rebellion was contrived c Review 10. Vindicae eversae 2. plotted and begun by the Irish will appear from the Testimony of the Lord Macguire Macmahon Tirlogh Oge O Neal and Sir John Read in their respective Examinations and by the Confession of the Earl of Castlehaven Peter Walsh the Bishop of Fernes and Father Ponce which two last do endeavour to justifie it as a Holy and Just War And that leads me to the Second Question Sanctum justissimumque decenii bâ—llum vindiciae eversae 1. viz. Whether it were a Rebellion or not for there are some that call it a Holy and Just War others dwindle it to a Commotion and P. W. is reprimanded for calling it a Rebellion As if says the Bishop of Fernes Belli nostri honestas justitia summa est ibid. 35. Our taking up Arms for the necessary Defence of Lives and Religion against the Protestants our Fellow Subjects could be a Rebellion and in their National Synod or Convocation at Dublin Bleeding Iphigenia Anno 1666. the Popish Clergy tho' prest to it refused to beg his Majesties Pardon for that War P. W. Remonstrance 666. for they knew not of any Crime they had committed therein To which I Answer P. W. Letters pag. 33. I must Confess says he I had not that Brazen brow of Impudence to deny either the notoriousness of the Fact or the clearness of the Law in their Case That the Irish Procurator P. W. has not only confessed this horrid Rebellion and proved it to be so but has assured us that all their publick Agents and Commissioners Sir Robert Talbot Colonel Moor the Earl of Clancarty the Lord Birmingham Sir Nicholas Plunket c. and many Thousands of the Irish Nobility Gentry and Lay Proprietors both at Dublin and London in their Petitions Answers Certificates Claims and other Papers acknowledge this fatal Stain under the very Term and Name of Rebellion I should not mention the Act of Adventurers 17 Car. 1. in England which adjudged this War not only to be a Rebellion but also so general a One that they thought several Millions of Acres of Land would be as they were forfeited thereby nor the Act of Settlement in Ireland which stiles it An unnatural Insurrection and Rebellion but that the former shews the Judgment of the King and Parliament of England in the Point and this latter Act was exposed to the censure of the Irish Papists and every word was expung'd which they could contradict But if the Murder of the Kings Subjects in a Hostile manner the declaring against his Religion the Ejection of his Clergy the seizing of his Forts and Castles the besieging of his Towns the fighting of Battles with his Armies the Usurpation of all his Prerogatives the seizing of his Revenues and the Presumption to Act as a Separate State be not a Rebellion it is very difficult to define what is But they Reply The Third Question That if it be a Rebellion and not simply justifiable yet it ought to be excused because the Motives to it and the Causes of it were so pressing as that they were not to be resisted by sensible Men for they were afraid the Monarchy was to be supprest and consequently they Being the a Catholicos ceteris omnibus fideliores Stirpitus devellendos vindiciae Catholicorum 4. Loyalest Subjects to be extirpated by the Puritans and they say they intercepted Letters importing that they must abjure their Religion or be sent to Ameria and they suffered a Thousand Grievances upon Account of b In odium tam Nationis quam Religionis ibidem Nation and Religion and therefore the Congregation of the Clergy in May 1643. declared their Insurrection just To this I Answer That they thought and will ever think the English Government a Yoke of Slavery and they had no other cause to Rebel but to shake that off and so Mr. Bealing one of the greatest and wisest of them ingeniously Confesses Vindiciae Catholicorum 2. Grave jugum sub quo à centum quod excurrit annis tota Natio ingemiscit excutere Statuunt They that speak plain Truth in their Books Printed beyond Sea acknowledge that it was for the Liberty of their Religion Bellum fuit pro Religione susceptum says the Bishop of Fernes in his Epistle to the Archbishop of Paris p. 37. Pro defensione Restitutione Religionis
them to new Disturbances And accordingly the Earl of Desmond the Archbishop of Cashel the Bishops of Cork and Waterford and many other of the principal Men of Munster were pardoned and the Liberties and Charters of Youghal were restored and confirmed and their Priviledges enlarged In the mean time dyed Rowland Fitz-Eustace Baron of Portlester who at several times had been Deputy Chancellor and Lord High Treasurer of Ireland which last Place held thirty eight Years And about the same time died Cnoghor mac Trelagh O Brian Chief of Thomond and was succeeded by his Brother Gil duff by Popular Election according to the Custom of Tanistry But it is time to return to Perkin Warbeck whom we left in the Arms of a fair Lady in Scotland that King had already made several Essays in favour of this supposititious Prince but now his Affairs pressed him to make a Peace with the English which King Henry would not hear of unless Perkin were delivered up It was therefore necessary for the Impostor to seek new Quarters 1497. And therefore being secretly supplied by the King of Scotland with Necessaries for his Voyage he embarqued with his Wife and Family and landed safely at Cork the twenty sixth of July he could not have pitcht upon a Place more prone to Rebellion at that time but curst Cows have short Horns and their Ability was not suitable to their Inclinations however he listed one hundred and twenty Soldiers and by the Aid or at least Countenance of the Earl of Desmond he got Conveniences for their Transportation And so finding the Earl of Kildare so firm and potent that no good was to be done in Ireland and receiving an Invitation from the Cornishmen he sailed directly to Cornwal in September and landed safely at Whitsand-bay The City of Waterford which for its loyalty to the Crown against Lambert Symnel had received great Favours and Priviledges from his Majesty was now altogether as vigorous against Perkin and by its discreet behaviour in this Affair well deserved the Motto Intacta manet Waterfordia That City manned out four Ships and sent them in pursuit of Perkin but Fortune did not favour that Generous and Loyal Design This Impostor being thus arrived in England took upon him the Name of Richard IV King of England and as such behaved himself and acted his Part so well that he would often lament the Destruction of his People and would frequently bemoan the Tyranny and Oppressions they lived under which sort of Deportment took with the common People exceedingly insomuch that some thousands of them came to him at Bodmin with them he besieged Excester and assaulted the City with great vigour and Resolution which the Couragious and Loyal Citizens by the help of some of their Country Neighbours as valiantly defended Hereupon Perkin raised the Siege and marched to Taunton and although the Cornishmen continued resolute to conquer or dye yet Perkin perceiving their Courage was greater than their Strength and finding that the King's Army did daily increase whilst his did decrease he privately withdrew to the Sanctuary of Beaulieu in Hampshire and afterwards surrendred himself and being imprisoned in the Tower he made his escape once and attempted it the second time and was therefore together with his Friend John Waters Mayor of Cork hanged at Tyburne where he confirmed the Confession he had formerly made which was to this effect I Being born in Flanders Campion 104. in the Town of Turney put my self in Service with a Britton called Pregent Meno the which brought me with him into Ireland and when we were there arrived in the Town of Cork they of the Town because I was arrayed with some Cloaths of Silk of my said Masters threeped upon me That I should be the Duke of Clarence's Son that was before time at Divelin and forasmuch as I denyed it there was brought unto me the Holy Evangelists and the Cross by the Mayor of the Town called Ino Lavallin and there I took my Oath That I was not the said Duke's Son nor none of his Blood After this came to me an Englishman whose Name was Stephen Poytow with one John Walter and sware to me That they knew well that I was King Richard's Bastard-Son to whom I answered with like Oaths That I was not and then they advised me not to be afraid but that I should take it upon me boldly And if I would so do they would assist me with all their Power against the King of England and not only they but they were assured That the Earls of Desmond and Kildare should do the same for they passed not what part they took so they might be avenged on the King of England and so against my Will they made me to learn English and taught me what I should do and say And after this they called me Richard Duke of York second Son to Edward IV because King Richard's Bastard-Son was in the Hands of the King of England And upon this they entred into this false Quarrel and within short time after the French King sent Embassadors into Ireland viz. Lyot Lucas and Stephen Frayn and so I went into France and thence into Flanders and thence into Ireland thence into Scotland and so into England again But let us return to the Affairs of Ireland 1498. which were briskly managed by the Lord Lieutenant He called a Parliament at Trim which met on the twenty sixth of August in the fourteenth Year of the King's Reign which must be anno 1498. and not 1499. as it is mistaken in the printed Statutes for the King began his Reign the twenty second Day of August 1485. There is but one Act of this Parliament extant and that is To make all the Statutes in England about the Officers of the Custom-house to be of force in Ireland after Proclamation at Dublin and Drogheda A very needless Law certainly since it could have but four Years retro-spect all former English-Statutes being ratified here by Poyning's Act of 10 Hen. 7. cap. 22. In the mean time Henry O Neal who had murdered his Brother Con was this Year served in the same kind by Tirlagh and Con Sons of the former Con And not long after the Lord Lieutenant invaded Vlster in favour of the aforesaid Tirlagh O Neal who was his Nephew by the Mother he was joyned by O Donel Macguire and all Tirlaghs Friends and effectually besieged Dungannon took the Castle and set at Liberty all the Prisoners that Neal mac Art O Neal kept there and forced Neal mac Art himself to submit and give Hostages The Vlster Expedition being over the Lord Deputy in October marched to Cork where he placed a Garrison and forced the Inhabitants of that City and of Kingsale to swear Allegiance and to bind themselves thereunto both by Indentures and Hostages which it seems he thought were stronger Obligations upon them than their Oaths After his return in the beginning of March Ware 's Annals he held
within his Dominions for his faithful Subjects to increase their Knowledge of God and of our Saviour Jesus Christ We therefore for the general Benefit of our well beloved Subjects Vnderstandings whenever assembled or met together in the said several Parish-Churches either to Pray or hear Prayers read that they may the better joyn therein in Vnity Hearts and Voice have caused the Liturgy and Prayers of the Church to be Translated into our Mother-Tongue of this Realm of England according to the Assembly of Divines lately met within the same for that purpose We therefore Will and Command as also Authorize you Sir Anthony Saint-Leger Knight our Vice-Roy of that our Kingdom of Ireland to give special Notice to all our Clergy as well Arch-Bishops Bishops Deans Arch-Deacons as others our Secular Parish-Priests within that our said Kingdom of Ireland to perfect execute and obey this our Royal Will and Pleasure accordingly But before Proclamations were issued out Sir Anthony Saint-Leger upon receipt of this Order call'd an Assembly of the Archbishops and Bishops together with the then Clergy of Ireland in which Assembly he signified to them as well his Majesties Order aforesaid as also the Opinions of those Bishops and Clergy of England who had adhered unto the Order saying That it was his Majesties Will and Pleasure consenting unto their serious Considerations and Opinions then acted and agreed on in England as to Ecclesiastical Matters that the same be in Ireland so likewise celebrated and performed Sir Anthony Saint-Leger having spoken to this effect George Dowdal who succeeded George Cromer in the Primacy of Armagh stood up and through his Romish Zeal to the Pope laboured with all his power and force to oppose the Liturgy of the Church that it might not be read or sung in the Church saying Then shall every illiterate Fellow read Service or Mass as he in those Days termed the Word Service To this Saying of the Archbishop's Sir Anthony replied No your Grace is mistaken for we have too many illiterate Priests amongst us already who neither can pronounce the Latin nor know what it means no more than the Common People that hear them but when the People hear the Liturgy in English they and the Priest will then understand what they pray for Upon this Reply George Dowdal bid Sir Anthony beware of the Clergy's Curse Sir Anthony made Answer I fear no strange Curse so long as I have the Blessing of that Church which I believe to be the true one The Archbishop again said Can there be a truer Church than the Church of St. Peter the Mother Church of Rome Sir Anthony return'd this Answer I thought we had all been of the Church of Christ for he calls all true Believers in him his Church and himself the Head thereof The Archbishop replied And is not St. Peter's Church the Church of Christ Sir Anthony return'd this Answer St. Peter was a Memher of Christ's Church but the Church was not St. Peter's neither was St. Peter but Christ the Head thereof Then George Dowdal the Primate of Armagh rose up and several of the Suffragan Bishops under his Jurisdiction saving only Edward Staples then Bishop of Meath who tarried with the rest of the Clergy then assembled on the Kalends of March 1550. Sir Anthony then took up the Order and held it forth to George Brown Archbishop of Dublin who standing up received it saying This Order good Brethren is from our Gracious King and from the rest of our Brethren the Fathers and Clergy of England who have consulted herein and compared the Holy Scriptures with what they have done unto whom I submit as Jesus did to Caesar in all things just and lawful making no question why or wherefore as we own him our true and lawful King And it seems that on Easter-Sunday the Liturgy in the English Tongue was read in Christ-Curch according to the King's Order and the Archbishop Brown Preached an excellent Sermon on these Words Open mine Eyes that I may see the Wonders of thy Law Psal 119. ver 18. But whether the Lord Deputy were not zealous in propagating the Reformation or what other Differences there were between him and the Archbishop I cannot find but it is certain the Archbishop sent Complaints against him into England Ware 190. and thereupon he was recalled and Sir James Crofts was made Lord Deputy by Patent 1551. Dated the twenty ninth day of April and the Instructions to him and the Council were 1. To propagate the Worship of God in the English Tongue and the Service to be translated into Irish to those places which need it 2. To prevent the Sale of Bells Church-Goods Chantry-Lands c. and to Inventory them 3. To execute the Laws justly collect the Revenue carefully and muster the Army honestly 4. To get the Ports into the King's possession that his Customs may be duly answered 5. To search for a Mine of Allum 6. To Lett the King's Lands especially Leix and Offaly for one and twenty years to such as will live upon them 7. To enquire into the Conveniency of Building Ships in Ireland 8. To endeavour to perswade the Nobility to exchange some Irish Land for the like value in England 9. That the Soldier be not sued except before the Deputy or Marshal but if Justice be not done in three Months then to remit them to the Common Law 10. To allow Trade to all Foreigners though Enemies 11. Above all to reduce the Birns and Tools and their Country When the Lord Deputy Landed he was informed That his Predecessor Saint-Leger was gone to Munster and thereupon he rode directly to Cork and on the twenty third of May he was sworn and received the Sword there and one of the Cavenaghs or Mac Moroughs for some Crime was there hanged The Lord Deputy who was a zealous Protestant endeavoured all he could to perswade the Primate Dowdal to observe the King's Order about the Liturgy but he continued obstinate and therefore the King and Council of England on the twentieth day of October deprived him of the Title of Primate of all Ireland and annexed it to the See of Dublin for ever whereupon Dowdal withdrew beyond the Seas and Hugh Goodacre was made Archbishop of Armagh in his room being together with John Bale Bishop of Ossory consecrated in Christ-Church Dublin by the Archbishop of Dublin and the Bishops of Kildare and Down on the second day of February 1552. About which time the English Liturgy with Orders and Rules for Ecclesiastical Habits and Ceremonies was reprinted at Dublin by Humyhry Powel But it is time to return to the Army which under the Command of the Lord Deputy marched into Vlster against the Scotch Islanders the English invaded the Isle of Raghlin but were forced to retreat with the Loss of one Ship and several Men Captain Bagnal also was taken Prisoner but he was afterwards exchanged for Surly buy Mac Donald who was then Prisoner at Dublin in
Dungannon O Connor Sligo O Carol and others When he came to Hampton-Court with two hundred Gentlemen in his Train it hapned that the Queen was looking out at the Window Hooker 118. and seeing such a Multitude she was thereat surprized until she was told it was the Lord Deputy of Ireland and then she replied It was well enough for he had two of the best Offices in the Kingdom And being come in he was well received for the present by the Queen but after a while was told by some of the Courtiers That the Scussle in Ulster was not worthy to be called a War since the principal Rebel Shane O Neal was but a Beggar and an Outlaw However the Earl of Desmond and O Connor were clapt up in the Tower and Sir John of Desmond was sent for and imprisoned in the same place But O Connor Lib. L. by Indenture made his Submission to the Queen Lib. H. and thereupon was enlarged and the next Year viz. the twelfth of July 1568 the Earl of Desmond submitted in most humble manner and laid all his Estate at her Majesties Feet and promised to convey what part she should be pleased to take of it and acknowledges to have forfeited a Recognizance of twenty thousand Pounds which he had formerly made to the Queen as hath been already related But when Sydny went to England he left Doctor Weston Lord Chancellor and Sir William Fitz-Williams Treasurer at Wars Lords Justices by Commission under the Great Seal of Ireland Dated the fourteenth Day of October In their time private Quarrels did swell almost into publick Wars for not only Sir Edmond Butler and Pierce Grace did invade Oliver Fitz Girald's Territories with great Fury but also the O Connors and O Mores who were Proclaimed Traytors did now appear in the Field with a thousand Gallowglasses and threatned to spoil O Carol's Country and to burn Kilkenny and the Defendants being in no good condition to resist did in vain importune the Government for Assistance Moreover Daniel Mac Carty More despising his Title of Earl of Glencar assumed the Title of King of Munster and having confederated with O Sullevan More Mac Swiny and others he invaded the Lord Roche's Country with Banners displayed and destroyed all the Corn together with seven Hundred Sheep and killed many Men Women and Children and carried away fifteen Hundred Cows and an Hundred Garrons Nor was the Contention less between James Fitz Maurice of Desmond and the Lord of Lixnaw And there happened another barbarou accident that was more surprizing than any of the rest for one Maurice Gibbon alias Reagh who was by the Popes Bull appointed to be Archbishop of Cashell had the Confidence to come to James Mac Caghwell who for some time had been Archbishop of that See Ware de presul 172. and to demand Possession which being refused the barbarous Villain stabbed the Archbishop with a Skein but it so happened that the Archbishod recovered and Maurice made his escape into Spain In Vlster Cambden 121. Turlogh Lynogh had assumed the Name of O Neal and in an Encounter with the Scots had killed Alexander Oge but it seems that quarrel was appeased and one Thousand of the Scots took Pay under Turlogh and invaded the Ferny contrary to Articles In Connaught there was a new Broil between Mac William Oughter and O Connor Sligo about a Rent in Eyter Conaught and in Thomond there were great Contests between the Earl and O Shaghaness and in this disorderly and tumultuous Condition stood the Kingdom of Ireland 1568. when in September Sir Henry Sydny Lord Deputy landed at Carigfergus he immediately sent for Turlogh Lynogh who came to him and confessed his Fault and with the greatest Humility begged the Lord Deputies Pardon which with great difficulty he at length obtained but not until the Scots Hostages were first Executed On the twentieth of October the Lord Deputy was Sworn at Dublin and immediately he sent for Sir Edmond Butler who upon several frivolous Pretences refused to come but broke out into Rebellion as shall be related hereafter In the mean time the Proceedings at Council-board will deserve a Paragraph in this History and the rather because a great and memorable Case was at this time agitated there for Sir Peter Carew whose Ancestor had formerly been Marquess of Cork and had great Possessions in several parts of the Kingdom came over well recommended to Ireland Lib. F. Lambeth and resolved to endeavour the recovery of that great Estate which was wrongfully withheld from him and particularly the Barony of Idrone in the County of Caterlogh was detained by the Heirs of those whom one of the Carews had employed as his Steward and had entrusted to mannage that Estate but Sir Peter being advised not to alarum the Irish by beginning with them first he did on the twenty ninth day of October prefer his Petition to the Council-board against Sir Christopher Chivers for the Mannor of Ballymaclethan in the County of Meath and in the Petition he suggested that Chivers was so popular and powerful a Man in his Country that there could be no indifferent Tryal had at Common-Law c. Hereupon Sir Christopher was summoned and when he appeared he pleaded ore tenus to the Jurisdiction of the Council-board in this Matter but Mr. Perriam gave three reasons why they might proceed First Because it was the common Practise to determine Causes at the Council-Table in England and instanced the Case of one Colshul about an Office in the Exchequer Secondly That in cases of Extremity as loss of Evidence want of just Tryal c. A Suit may be commenced before the Lord Chancellor or at the Council-board propter necessitatem ne curia domini Regis desiceret in Justitia exhibenda Thirdly That there are innumerable Presidents of Causes determined at the Council-Table in Ireland upon these reasons the Judges Dillon and Plunket were of Opinion the Board might proceed to determine this Cause and afterwards the two Chief Justices concurred in the same Opinion so that Chivers was forced to put in his Answer in Writing which he did but still it concluded to the Jurisdiction as before and in his Plea he insisted on the Statutes of Magna Carta cap. 11. and cap. 29. 25 Edw. 3. cap. 4. 28 Edw. 3. cap. 3. and 42 Edw. 3. cap. 3. But he likewise set forth his Title by Descent to part of the Lands in question and made some other Title to the rest The Court was angry with the Defendant for repeating his Plea to the Jurisdiction after it had been so solemnly over-ruled however they ordered the Plantiff to reply which he did by abridging his Plaint as to the Lands Descended and by a solid Answer to the rest of the Plea But at length the Parties agreed among themselves and Chivers for a small Consideration had a Release from Sir Peter however Sir Peter afterwards on the like Petition recovered the
time Macguire also submitted and promis'd to repair Eniskilling at his own charge and the Earl of Tyrone with about 600 Foot and 60 Horse were retir'd into an inaccessible Fastness at the end of Logherne But there being a Rumor that the Spaniards were again landed in Munster Sir Henry Dockwra was posted at Agher and Sir Arthur Chichester at Fort Montjoy and the Lord Deputy on the 11th of September return'd to Newry and soon after to Dublin and in November Rory O Donell and most of the O Relyes submitted unto him Morison 249. and on the 12th of November the Earl of Tyrone sent him an absolute Submission very handsomly worded and yet at the same time he wrote to O Connor Sligo not to make a separate Peace but that they should stand or fall together In the mean time Sir Oliver Lambert had driven the Burks and their Mac William out of the County of Mayo and on the 18th of November the Deputy began his Journey to Connaugh and on the second of December he came to Athloan and on the 14th of December O Connor Sligo and Rory O Donell came thither and made their Submission to him and although O Connor did act his part well and alleadg'd many plausible excuses yet O Donell not only out-did him but also exceeded all others that had submitted to that day for he was very frank and generous in his Deportment and submitted without Capitulation or Condition which was the more regarded because he was a man of Parts and Courage but the difficulty was how to compromise the matter between him and Sir Neal Garve who was no better than an insatiable unruly Beast The Deputy kept Christmas at Galway and there received into favour the Flahertyes Mac Dermonds O Connor roe and others so that only the sickle and treacherous O Rourk notwithstanding his Letters to the Deputy that he would submit and Tyrones Macguire and Tyrrell persisted in this Rebellion with the Earl of Tyrone The Deputy ordered that the Fort of Gallaway should be finished and appointed three several small Armies to attack O Rourk but because it may seem that these people could never relapse and apostatize as many of them did if there had been any obligation laid upon them to be loyal I thought it not unnecessary to inform the Reader that every man that submitted took the following Oath First Morison 251 I Do acknowledge Elizabeth by the Grace of God Queen of England France and Ireland to be the only true Absolute and Soveraign Lady of this Realm of Ireland and of every part and of all the People thereof unto whose gracious mercy I do humbly submit my Land and Goods and with all faithful Repentance for my unnatural Disobedience unto her Royal Majesty do most earnestly implore her Mercy and Pardon for my self and such of my Followers as with me have been seduced to this wicked Rebellion Further I do renounce all and any manner of Obedience unto any other Power or Potentate which I owe only to my dread Soveraign Elizabeth and utterly abjure any dependancy and adherence to any of her Enemies whatsoever or disloyal Subjects and do promise swear and vow from henceforth to live in her Subjection in all Duty and Obedience and to use my best endeavours to the utmost of my power to withstand and confound any Enemy either forreign or domestick that shall attempt any thing against the Sacred Person or Estate of her Majesty or to the hurt of her faithful and obedient Subjects And especially and namely I do renounce as before and promise my endeavours as aforesaid against the King of Spain and the Arch-Traytor the Earl of Tyrone About the latter end of January the Lord Deputy returned to Dublin having engaged Rory O Donell to prosecute O Rourk and in the beginning of March some Forces were sent to help Sir Arthur Chichester to expel Brian mac Art who had secretly entered Killultagh with 500 men and they performed that Service effectually Morisin 271. and brought the Rebels to so low a condition that they saw three Children eating the Entrails of their dead Mother upon whose Flesh they had fed twenty days and roasted it by a slow Fire and it was manifest that some older people had been in that starving condition that they murdered and eat Children for a long time together and were at last discovered and executed for that Barbarity In short the Famine of Jerusalem did not exceed that amongst the Rebels of Ireland and therefore it is no wonder that on the 30th of March 1602. Cambd. Eliz. 658. the Earl of Tyrone not knowing the Queen's death did at Melifont in most humble manner and upon his knees make his submission to the Deputy tho' at the same time Sir Neal Garve being discontented did with Mac Swiny concert the measures of a new Rebellion and took upon him the name of O Donell and made the people swear Fealty to him In Munster the Irish by the contrivance of O Sullevan Bear had surprized the Castle of Dunboy and taken it from the Spaniards in February whereat Don John was exceedingly troubled and offered to go in person to recover the Castle that it might be surrendered according to Capitulations 1601. but the Deputy and President who were willing to be rid of him excus'd him for that and told him They would take care to reduce the Irish to their Duty and so Don John and his Spaniards imbarqu'd for Spain on the 8th although they did not set sail till the 16th of March In the mean time O Sullevan was busie fortifying Dunboy and had hired Tirrell William Burk and others with 1000 〈◊〉 for his defence and the President was not idle but on the 9th of March sent the Earl of Twomond with 1200 Foot and 10 Horse into Carbery and Bantry to destroy those Countries and to view Dunboy that he might be the better able to provide for its Reduction but the Earl could march no farther than Bantry where he left five Companies in Garrison and returned to Cork On the 23th of April the President marched from Cork to Awnebuy 1602. and on the 24th came to Tymoleague the 25th to Ross the 26th to Castlehaven the 27th to Baltimore the 29th to Kilcoe and the 30th to Castle-Carew alias Dowminark On the first of May Capt. Taaf took a Prey of 300 Cows and many Sheep and on the second Capt. John Barry brought in another Prey of 500 Cows 300 Sheep and 300 Garrans and on the 8th 300 men were in the night sent to Artully to meet Sir Charles Wilmott's Forces and to conduct them to the Camp which was effected to the great grief of the Rebels and a Prey of 4000 Cows was taken in Iveragh This Sir Charles Wilmot had done great Services in Kerry where he took the Castles of Lixnaw Ballyhow Castle-Gregory and Raâ—ane and defeated the Knight of Kerry and forced him and Damell mac Carty to submit But the
their first Legate to the Pope and Secretary to the Supream Council But to proceed the Supream Council could not deal with the Nuncio and his Party without the Assistance of Insiquin for Owen Roe stood firm to the Nuncio so that on the 11th of June he proclaimed War against the Supream Council altho' he had sworn Fidelity to them but 't is probable the Nuncio absolved him of that Oath Beling 118. and therefore they did not only borrow Five hundred Horse from Insiquin under the Command of Major Doily but did also on the Twenty seventh of May publish a Declaration exhorting the People to their Duty and Defence and did likewise renew their Oath of Association on the 20th of June and the same day declared War against Owen Roe and his Adherents In the mean time the Nuncio the very next day after he had Excommunicated the Supream Council sent them word that he design'd to Indict a National Synod at Athlone but they were so far from approving of that that they ordered the Marquiss of Clanrickard who sided with them ever since this last Cessation with Insiquin and whereof he was a great Instrument and General Preston to besiege Athlone which they accordingly perform'd and took it before Owen Roe could march up to its relief Upon the taking of Athlone the Nuncio went to Gallaway which Town had agreed to the Cessation and therefore all Divine Offices were interdicted and the Churches were shut and the very Ensigns of Authority were forced from the Mayors own House but that Insolence occasioned such a Tumult that if those Badges of Office had not been immediately returned to the Mayor by the same hand that took them it had certainly come to Blows and Blood in the very Streets and as it was two or three Men were slain in the Scuffle when the Archbishop of Tuam caused the Church Doors to be opened by force Review 132. But what is yet more horrible and monstrous is that the Fryars every where Preached unavoidable Damnation to all those that should adhere to the Cessation which Doctrine confounded the silly People to the utmost Degree of Distraction and Madness and yet as if this were not enough when those who had some Sense and Moderation yet left made a Scruple to fight against their near Relations and those of their own Religion for so small a matter the Nuncio for removing those Scruples published the following Declaration IN the Name of God Amen Whereas about Our last Decision concerning the Publication of the Cessation it was objected by some that altho' for the avoiding of some Loss of Temporal Goods they could not with a safe Conscience publish that Cessation yet it is doubted by them whether the same â—e not Lawful for the avoiding of such Blood-shed and Slaughter as might follow upon the opposition made against it We by these Presents declare that it is a Mortal sin against God and his Church and a breach of the Oath of Association either to procure or suffer the Publication of that Truce and that Catholicks ought and are bound to undergo the Loss of all their Temporal Goods their Liberty all that is dear to them and even their Life it self rather than publish or obey it This also was the Sense of these Our Words in Our former Decree Nullo modo licet c. And indeed We well know that Men cannot lose their Goods in this Dissension without the Slaughter of some or perhaps of many In Witness whereof We have Signed these Presents with Our own Hands the 13th day August 1648. Jo. Bap. Rin. Jo. Rapoten But before this the Nuncio had on the 13th of July summoned a National Synod to sit at Gallaway on the 15th of August whereupon the Supream Council sent him a Letter of the 26th of July shewing the Inconveniencies of that Congress but it had no effect on him for as he was used to do he persisted obstinately in his own Sentiments Whereupon the Council summoned a General Assembly to meet the 4th of September and about that time Antrim Muskery and Brown returned from their Ambassy to France but when they reported to the Assembly that the Queen and Prince intended to send over the Marquiss of Ormond the Popish Clergy who hated him above all others were dissatisfied to the highest Degree and did all that was possible to betray Killkenny and the Supream Council to Owen Roe and if some * Appendix 41. Letters from Fryar Paul King to the Titular Bishop of Clogher had not been intercepted they had in all probability effected it For that Owen Roe might be at leisure to ruin the Supream Council he did make a Truce with Jones Beling 126. and was so hearty in it that he wrote to the Protestant Bishop of Clogher the following Letter which was intercepted To the most Reverend the Bishop of Clogher MAKE haste to Ballysonan and thence to Catherlogh and I will endeavour to defend you Costologh is joyned with Preston and so â—â—â—â—part of the Lord Insiquin's Army all which I will so keep imployed that they shall not be able to hurt you Owen O Neal. But whilst these two Factions were Bandying one against another Insiquin's Army in Munster for want of Supplies which they could not have from England whilst they Acted in opposition to the Parliament was in some Distress whereupon the Colonels Townsend and Doyly by Insiquin's Orders as they averr'd but he denied wrote to the Committee at Derby House That if the Parliament would pay their Arrears and pardon their Defection they would return to their Obedience Hereupon Colonel Edmond Temple was sent over to treat with Insiquin about it but Sir Richard Fanshaw the Princes Secretary got there before him and established Insiquin in His Majesties Service so that Townsend and Doyly were for some time imprisoned and so were Sir William Fenton and Colonel Phair but those last were afterwards Exchang'd for Insiquin's Son then Prisoner in the Tower of London being the Hostage for his Fathers Fidelity and not long after JAMES Marquiss of ORMOND Lord Lieutenant Landed at Cork on the Twenty ninth day of September where he was respectfully received by the Lord Insiquin and his Officers and on the Fourth of October he wrote to the Supream Council that His Majesty had sent him Pursuant to their Requests and that he desired they would send Commissioners to Carrick to treat of a Peace which they readily obeyed and on the Sixth of October his Excellency published a Declaration mentioned Appendix 42. But it may be enquired how it came to pass that when the Confederates desired a Roman Catholick Vice-Roy so passionately and above all other Protestants ahorr'd Ormond as for many other Acts prejudicial to Popery so especially for surrendring Dublin to the Parliament that yet he should be the very Man that should be sent unto them to which it might be answer'd in General and from good Vouchers That Ormond was the Person in the
furious in this matter and so inhumane that he kept one Henry Rice in close Prison six weeks in a Dungeon and kept him waking a very long time in hopes that Severity and Distraction might induce him to accuse the rest of his Acquaintance and when he found they were all acquitted even by a Jury whereof the Foreman was a Papist he was enrag'd and troubl'd to the last degree and died within a week afterwards But on the last of March 1685. the Duke of Ormond came to London leaving the Sword with the Lord Primate and the Earl of Granard who were nominally Lords Justices but the Power was in effect in the Earl of Tyrconnell who was Lieutenant-General of the Army and by his means the English Militia were not only deprived of their Arms and by Proclamation ordered to send them into the Stores but the English in the Army began also to be turned out under the pretence of being Oliverians or the Issue of such But 1678. not long after the Protestants were revived by the arrival of the Earl of Clarendon Lord Lieutenant and Sir Charles Porter Lord Chancellor for tho the Irish did every-where give out That they were both Papists yet they soon became sensible of their error and to their great trouble found that those Lords wanted no other Qualifications but that of Power to make the Protestant Religion and the English Interest flourish in Ireland In short they did all that wise and honest Men could do and were too great a Blessing for that unfortunate Countrey to enjoy long and therefore they were removed in February 1686. to make room for the Earl of Tyrconnell who was then sworn Lord Deputy For tho this Lord being Lieutenant-General did even in the Lord Clarendon's time so model the Army that most part of the English were disbanded yet he met with so many rubs in That and Other of his Designs that he despaired to accomplish his Project or to satisfie his Ambition unless he were Supreme in the Government Tyrconnel having thus gotten the Sword of State into his hands quickly turned the Edge of it upon the poor Protestants who were amaz'd to see him act so openly in such a Despotical and Arbitrary manner for some of his Agents not only disbanded most part of the remaining English but insulted on their Misery by doing it reproachfully and added to their affliction by turning them out far from their Friends and their Habitations and took away the Cloaths of some and the Horses and Arms of others without giving them any proportionable recompence And he also changed the Irish Soldiers so often that tho the Army did not consist of more than seven or eight thousand Men yet five times that number by these frequent Changes were taught the use of their Arms and by this means he had a considerable Militia ready upon all occasions Moreover he issued Quo Waranto's against all the Charters at once and altho that procedure did manifest to the World that it was not the Fault of any one or more Corporations that was endeavour'd to be punish'd or reform'd but that it was a fixed design to Subvert the Corporations and consequently to Model the Parliament and the Laws to the Interest and Humour of the Papists yet being Masters of standing Armies both in England and Ireland they thought themselves sure of their Game and that it would be the more Generous and Brave if they acted publickly and as it were in defiance And therefore they dissembled the Matter no longer but appointed two Popish Judges in every Court that they might be sure of a Majority upon all Occasions they also appointed Popish High-Sheriffs throughout the Kingdom and they put so many Papists into the Commission of Peace the Privy-Council and all Places of Authority that they were able to Rule all where-ever they came And as soon as the Charters were Condemn'd there were new Ones granted for the most part to such inconsiderable and beggarly Fellows as were unable to pay for them so that many were left with the Attorney General in Pawn for his Fees however in all these Charters they put in near one third English most of which were Quakers or other Dissenters but at the same time took care to limit the Power and especially that of chusing Parliament Men so that the English if unanimous should not be able to give them any Impediment But the English being the principal Traders and the most Wealthy Men in Ireland It must necessarily follow that the removal of their Plate and other Effects into England and the general Decay of Trade that ensued upon the Apprehensions they had of these Violent and Irregular Proceedings did diminish the Publick Revenue to a degree of rendring it unable to support the Necessary Expences of the Government this indeed was a sensible Stroak and would have changed all their Measures if any thing less had been in the Bottom than a fixt Resolution to subvert the Established Religion and to introduce Popery and to make Ireland a secure Retreat for those whose designs might perhaps miscarry in England However these rapid Motions of Tyrconnel made such a noise in England as occasion'd that Lord to be sent for over to meet the King at Chester the poor Protestants flattered themselves with hopes of some intervals of Moderation from this Interview but they soon found the fatal Effects of this Conference not only in the Continuation but in the encrease of their Grievances And thus the Irish having to their Advantage in Number gained also the whole Power Military and Civil into their Hands thought themselves in a Condition not only to secure Ireland but also to send over considerable Assistance to carry on THE CAUSE in England and accordingly Tyrconel did send thither about 3000 of his choicest Men. This was the single Action that conduced most to the Preservation of these Kingdoms all other things were but subservient thereunto or at most but concurrent with it for whilst other Grievances did but disoblige a certain Number or a Party the bringing in of the Irish alarm'd every Body and especially the Army so that his Present Majesty Landing not long after met with such easy and speedy Success as amazed the present and will be the Wonder of future Ages Moreover to compleat the aforesaid Number of 3000 Men Tyrconel did very improvidently withdraw the Garison of Londonderry without sending another in its stead as not suspecting the sudden Revolution which afterwards happened nor thinking that Derry would dare to refuse a Garison whenever he should think fit to send them one But it was not long before he saw his Error and having Recruited his Forces he sent a new-rais'd Regiment under the Earl of Antrim to possess themselves of the City of Derry This Regiment Quartering in and about Newton on the 6th of December Collonel George Philips sent one James Boyle to give notice thereof to Londonderry and to advise them to shut their