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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A51926	The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.; Historiae de rebus Hispaniae. English	Mariana, Juan de, 1535-1624.; Camargo y Salgado, Hernando, 1572-1652.; Varen de Soto, Basilio, d. 1673.; Stevens, John, d. 1726.	1699 (1699)	Wing M599; ESTC R18800	1,371,898	749

in the List of those that were to be slain she conspired with the Eunuch Narcissus and they gave him a dose of Poison but finding it did not Work fast enough they stifled him He lived but Thirty Two Years whereof he Reign'd Twelve Eight Months and Fifteen day It is reported he kept Three hundred Concubines and a like number of the Beautifulest Youths that could be found to satisfy his beastly Lust Some Authors say it was at this time that the holy Martyrs Facundus and Primitivus suffered at the Banks of Cea a River that runs down from the Mountains of Asturias into Old Castile Here the Christians built a Church in honour of them In the time of the Moores they were remov'd into Asturias and thence returned to the same place and a Monastery of Benedictine Monks built there near that of Sahagun and is one of the chiefest places of Devotion in Spain CHAP. IV. The Reigns of the Emperors Pertinax Severus Caracalla Macrinus Heliogabalus Alexander Severus Maximinus Gordianus Philip Decius Trebonianus Gallus and Aemilianus THE Emperor Commodus was killed in the Year 193. Helvius Pertinax born of a Libertine or which is all one descended from Slaves succeeded him and ruled only two Months and Twenty eight days The Murderers of Commodus procur'd him the Crown for his approved goodness and the Pretorian Soldiers deprived him of it and his Life within his own Palace No sooner was Pertinax Murdered but Sulpicianus and Didius Julianus repaired to the Pretorian bands like Merchants to buy the Empire as if it had been exposed to sale Julianus carryed it by promising each Soldier Twenty five Sestercies which amounts to 625 Crowns an extravagant sum and not being able afterwards to pay it the Souldiers forsook him and he was killed by the contrivance of Septimius Severus Six Months after he undertook the Government For this good service Severus was declared Emperor by the Legions of Sclavonia He was born at Leptis or Tripoli in Barbary punished the Pretorian bands for the Murder of Pertinax by disarming and banishing them a Hundred Miles from Rome vanquished Pescennius Niger who called himself Emperor in the East destroyed the City Bizantium because it shut the Gates against him defeated Albinus that was revolted in France then passed over into Great Britain appeased the Commotions that were raised there resolved to build a Wall betwixt England and Scotland to curb the incursions of the Scots but was cut off by Death which seized him in the City of York when he had Reign'd Seventeen Years and Eight Months and three days In the Ninth Year of his Reign he raised a persecution against the Christians in which much blood was spilt Severus left two Sons by two Wives Aurelius Antoninus Caracalla the Eldest at his first coming to the Crown slew his Brother Gela by the Father's will appointed his Companion in the Empire This bloody Action made him odious to the People and he increased their hatred by Marrying Julia Geta's Mother and as some will have it his own He stopped not here but put to Death all that were any ways inclined to his Brother But his Barbarities could not be lasting for he was stabbed by one Marcialis a Soldier as he sate easing his Body when he had Reigned Six Years Two Months and five days Opilius Macrinus Commander of the Pretorian bands by the free consent of Audentius a Noble Man whom the Soldiers would have preferred was declared Emperor He did nothing of note and his time was so short he can scare be counted in the Number of Emperors Mesa the Sister of Julia prevailed with the Soldiers to kill him at Chaleedon together with his Son Diadumenus on the 7th of June 219. His power lasted but Three Months and Twenty Eight Days Aurelius Antoninus Varius who was Priest of the Sun in Phaenicia as is signifyed by the name Heliogabalus and for the Beauty of his Person and gracefulness which seemed to be the Tokens of a fair Soul and above all by the help of his Mother Mesa was by the unanimous consent of the Soldiers saluted Emperor His Life and manners were vicious beyond measure so wholly addicted to Lust that he acted and suffered things not to be named and raved to that excess of brutality that he endeavoured to change his Sex to the shame and disgrace of the Roman Empire and of all Mankind The World could not endure such a Monster his own Guards killed him on the Tenth of March in the Year of our Lord 223 the Eighteenth of his Age and when he had Reign'd Three Years nine Months and four days Alexander Severus Cousin-german to Heliogabalus succeeded him in the Empire his Virtues equalled the Vices of the other and he had proved one of the most glorious Emperors had he not been cut off by Death He was so far a favourer of Christians as to cause the Image of Christ to be placed among those of his other Gods he overcame the Parthians and then waging War in Germany was basely Murdered by Maximinus in the Twenty Ninth Year of his Age when he had Reigned Thirteen Years and nine days equal to the best for Justice Clemency Prudence and Meekness There is no Memory of any thing remarkable that happen'd in Spain in the days of these Emperors At Guadix is the Pedestal of a Statue erected in honour of Mammea the Mother of Alexander the Emperor the inscription of it is as follows To Julia Mammea Augusta Mother to the Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander pious happy Augustus Mother of the Army the Colony Julia Gemina Accitana devoted to her Deity and Majesty This Lady is supposed to have been a Christian at least she was Familiarly acquainted with Origen About this time Pope Anterus who then governed the See of Rome writ a Letter to the Bishops of Andaluzia and Kingdom of Toledo in which among other things he tells them that Bishops cannot lawfully be Translated from one See to another for their own ease or advantage Julius Maximinus born in Thracia of base Parentage remarkable for his extraordinary Stature of Body Strength and Swiftness passed thro' all the Degrees from a private Soldier till by force he possessed himself of the Empire after the Death of Alexander Severus in the Year of Grace 239. After quieting the Revolted Germans he prepared to make War upon Samartia now Poland when News was brought him to the City Sirmo that the Soldiers in Africk had saluted Gordianus the Governour of that Province Emperor and the Senate approved of their choice Inflamed with the desire of Revenge he marched towards Rome but stopp'd at Aquileia that City having shut the Gates against him Here he was inform'd that Gordianus and his Son of the same Name had been killed in Africk and that the Senate had in his stead chosen Balbinus and Pupienus Great was the danger that threatned had not the

the main Army towards the Enemy to bid him Battel but the Summer was spent without any further considerable Action On the Frontiers of Portugal the Enemy to the number of 400 Horse and 800 Foot came over the Mountain Gata and by the way of the Bridge of Perales to Villas Buenas which they plundered and burnt some Houses A Party of ours meeting them in their return tho inferiour to them in number easily recovered all the Booty and destroyed about 90 of their Horses taking several Prisoners the rest flying without ever looking back This Year hapned the unparallel'd Murder of Charles the First King of England who being barbarously tryed and condemned by his own Subjects was publickly beheaded before his own Pallace to the Astonishment of all the World except his own inhumane and bloody People who were the Actors of that most villanous Tragedy According to the foreign Account the Murder of the King was in this Year which they begin from New-years-day and not from the 25th of March as in England On the 20th of February the Cortes of Castile were opened at Madrid in the great Hall of the Pallace where after all the Commons had kissed the King's Hand his Majesty represented to them the State of the Kingdom the great Wars he had in hand and the Need there was of extraordinary Supplies to support them The End of the Second Supplement THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE General History OF SPAIN From the Year 1650 till 1669. Continued by F. Basil Varen de Soto once Provincial of the Regular Clergy Anno 1650. THIS Year commenc'd successful to the Crown of Spain for Fortune which before seem'd to have turn'd her back upon it now thought nothing too much to bestow on it No place was besieged but yielded and that without great Expence or loss of Time Major-General Francis Totavila bravely relieved the Castle of Castil-Leon in Val de Aran and by that means secured the Passage over the Pyreneans into Catalonia Several Embassadors came to the Court from divers Princes of Europe and among the rest one from the King of England then in Exile The English Parliament sent a Resident who came to Court upon his Majesty's safe Conduct on Whitsunday and on the Monday following six Englishmen upon pretence of welcoming him entred his House and killed him at Table The strangeness of the Fact alarm'd the Court. They who had committed the Fact took Sanctuary in the Hospital of S. Andrew of the Flemings where they were apprehended by D. Ferdinand Altamirano an Alcalde de Corte who cast them into Prison whilst the other Alcaldes took cognizance of the Fact The Prisoners pleaded the Sanctuary and were restored to it Afterward to appease Oliver Cromwell one of them was drawn out of the Sanctuary deceitfully whereupon the Vicar Excommunicated the Alcaldes After much convassing the Matter the Prisoner out of meer State Policy was Executed in the Year 1653 For all this Time was spent in contesting between the Ecclesiastical and Secular Power He that suffer'd was the principal Actor though at their Examination every one of them said he himself had kill'd the Envoy The Duke of Guize Peer of France taken by D. John of Austria in the Troubles at Naples and sent into Spain was kept Prisoner in the Castle of Segovia with an honourable Guard as became a Prince He was attended by Gentlemen of his own Country had 1000 Duccats a Month allowed for his Expences and was upon all Festivals carried out in the Governour and Mayor's Coaches to partake in the publick Joy The Citizens relying upon his Honour grew careless in observing him and he in order to make his escape feigned himself sick that he might not be seen by any body and having disguised himself on the 23d of November made his escape out of the Castle but being missed and Expresses sent all ways after him he was taken by the Governour of Vitoria He was sent back to Burgos and thence to Segovia where he was more carefully observed but still kept with the same Generosity such was the extraordinary goodness of our King The recovery of Portolongone taken by the French was a great Undertaking and worthy the Arms of Spain D. John of Austria Admiral of the Seas and Viceroy of Sicily having deputed the Duke of Montalto Governor of that Kingdom and the Earl of On̄ate left his Brother D. Beltram de Guevara to supply his place they set sail with a powerful Fleet and landed on the 19th of May at a convenient place for the investing of that Town The consequence of which is well known to those who are acquainted with the Coasts of Italy and the French had from thence put a stop to all Trade by their Privateers Our Forces first took Piombino which rendred the Conquest of the other the easier and consequently soon after it submitted to His Majesty to his greater Honour for that his Enemies had thought it impregnable The Duke of Bragança King John of Portugal drew most Garisons from the Frontiers to secure the Sea-Coasts leaving most of the inland defenceless He also order'd all the Biskets to be brought out of the Garisons to Lisbon where a Bushel of Wheat was worth 150 Royals Plate The English Fleet in June came before the Bar of Lisbon which put the Inhabitants in fear of an Invasion and obliged the Duke to draw his Forces thither The English took 9 Ships loaden with Sugar from Brasil two French Ships loaded with Corn and at several times 100 lesser Vessels with other Merchandize and sent them to Cadiz These Misfortunes put the Kingdom of Portugal into a great Consternation As soon as the English were gone to Cadiz to sell their Prizes the Portugueses who were assisted by several Princes now made use of Prince Rupert Brother to the Count Palatin and Cousin to the King of England He sailed from Lisbon in quest of 5 English Ships loaded with Cloath and other things of great value Having entred the mouth of the Streights with 12 Men of War upon the Coast of Spain he took two of the said Ships and understanding the other three were about Tunez he steer'd thither with 7 sail sending the other 5 with the two Prizes to Lisbon The Parliament Admiral being inform'd that Prince Rupert was in the Streights sailed after him with 9 Frigats and discover'd these 5 Ships and the 2 Prizes off of Velez Malaga He gave them chase they making a running fight till such time as they could no longer avoid him then they Canonaded one another a whole day in sight of Carthagena and Night coming on the Prince's Ships stood in for the Harbour For want of Pilots one of them ran a-ground the Men got ashore and set fire to her The other 4 with the 2 Prizes got into the Harbour with a strong gale at S. W. and coming to an anchor all the Men ran ashore and went away to the Kingdom of Murcia 300 Irish that were

that they so Knighted were at Age and it was a means to spur them on to imitate the Virtues of their Forefathers In this manner proceeded the affairs of Castile and Portugal whilst in Aragon all things succeeded with the Christians All that part formerly called Celtiberia was brought under our Dominion Molina which before payed Tribute surrendered To the City Pamplona was added the Suburb of S. Saturninus which the French Peopled and had all the Priviledges of free Citizens granted them and the immunities of Jaca according to which they were constituted a particular Government among themselves The Moors possessed the Sea Coasts about the Mouth of the River Ebro and from thence did much harm in the Neighbouring Country There was need of a Fleet to curb them therefore the King caused a great number of Vessels to be built at Zaragoça and we read that in the time of Vespasian the Emperor that River was Navigable as far as Logrono 65 Leagues from the Sea Mequinencia supposed to be the same Caesar calls Octogesa a strong Town seated where the Rivers Cinga and Segre met was now taken by the King of Aragon All this joyful success was turned into sorrow in this manner Fraga a Town among the Ilergetes by Ptolomey called Gallica Flavia better known by the disaster that now hap'ned than any thing remarkable in it is seated on a rising ground which being washed away by the River Cinga is difficult of access and may be easily defended by a few against a greater number On the back of the Town are Hillocks all filled which lie so close to the place that no Engines can be brought to batter it After taking Mequinencia the King resolving to carry on his Conquests entered the Country that lies up the River Segre which was very well fortified and great numbers of Moors had fled thither for security This concourse made the Kings of Lerida and Fraga grow Powerful The King of Aragon invested Fraga in the Year 1133. his Preparations were greater than the success for Winter coming on and the rains falling he was obliged to put his Army into Quarters resolving to return early in the Spring About February the Siege began and lasted all March and April without any effect the Besieged being furnished with all things necessary to hold out a long time and encouraged with the hopes of relief Abengamia King of Lerida came to raise the Siege with a good Army The Battle was fought near Fraga the Christians were but few in number and those tired many of them were killed Nevertheless this loss did not oblige them to quit the Siege because the loss sustained by the Moors was not inferor to theirs However the King fearing what might follow went away towards the Frontiers of Castile to gather more Forces in the Territory of Soria By the way he wasted the Enemies Country as far as Monçon The King with 300 Horse following the main Body was on a sudden beset by a great number of the Enemy Seeing the danger with few words he encouraged his Men who fell on and fought as could be expected in such a desperate exigency Above all the King signalized himself being well known by his Garment and bright Armour so that all the Moors bending their fury against him he was at length kill'd Having lost their King some of his Men dy'd bravely others escaped by flight This is the truth of that King 's unhappy end tho' several other false rumours have been spread among the ignorant People Some would have it that after this defeat he went to Jerusalem and dy'd there Others write that his Body was bought of the Moors and bury'd at Montaragon My. Opinion is that his Body was not found which gave occasion to invent many Fables about him Certain it is that misfortune hap'ned near the Town of Sarin̄ena on the 7th of September in the Year 1134. This Prince was a Person of singular Valour and Conduct An Ancient Author affirms he fought 29. Battles and was in most of them Victorious He Reigned 30 Years His Will was made three Years before his Death when he Besieg'd Bayonne which our Histories say he took and that at that Siege Peter Earl of Lara fought with Alonso Earl of Toulouze and was by him slain This Will was very remarkable and caused great troubles and confusion By it he left many Towns and Castles to several Churches in Spain and because he had no Children he made the Knights Templers the Hospitalers and those that kept the Sepulcher of Jerusalem Heirs of all his Dominions It concludes with many heavy Curses upon such as shall presume to infringe any part of it Yet the Aragonians and Navarrois assembled at Borgie a place on the Frontiers of Navarre in order to choose a King Peter Atares a Noble Man as some imagine rather than prove of the Blood Royal held that Town by Gift of the deceased King He was a Person of great merit and had doubtless been declar'd King had not his extraordinary Pride prevented it Thus the assembly broke up without coming to any Resolution The Navarrois hated the Government of the Aragonians and thought it was lawful at all times when occasion offer'd to cast off the Yoke that had been violently forced upon them Hereupon they had a meeting apart and at the perswasion of Sancho Rosa Bishop of Pamplona Proclaimed D. Garcia King He was descended of their Ancient Royal Family for he was Son to D. Ramiro and Grandson to D. Sancho who as was said was killed by his Brother Raimund On the other side the Aragonians assembling at Monçon Proclaimed D. Ramiro Brother to the late King notwithstanding he was a Monk Abbot of Sahagun and elect Bishop of Burgos first then of Pamplona and lastly of Roda and Barbastro There is yet extant an Original Instrument dated at Barbastro in October in which he stiles himself King and Priest Nor was this all for tho' he had been above 40. Years a Monk they obliged him to Marry having to that purpose obtained a dispensation of Pope Innocent II. so that he was at once a Monk a Priest a Bishop a Marry'd Man and a King He Marry'd Agnes Sister to William Earl of Poitiers and Guienne who dy'd two Years after at Santiago in Galicia whither he went in Pilgrimage His eldest Daughter Ellenor was Marryed to Luis the Young King of France from whom after having two Daughters she was Divorced by Command of Pope Eugenius III. on account of Consanguinity After that Divorce the King of France Marry'd Elizabeth the Daughter of Alonso VII King of Castile Ellenor was Marry'd to Henry Duke of Normandy and Anjau afterwards King of England by this Match Poitiers and Guienne or Aquitain were annex'd to the Crown of England whence ensu'd Bloody Wars betwixt those two Nations CHAP. IX The King of Castile aspires to the Crowns of Aragon and Navarre Stiles himself Emperor Ramiro King of

Relief and a solemn Embassy was sent thither The Embassadors having laid down the miserable Condition of their King made humble suit for assistance and all the Nobles of France unanimously agreed the King ought to be supported It was resolv'd 2000 Horse should be sent into Castile under Luis de Bourbon the King's Uncle by the Mothers side and 100000 Florines for their pay They promis'd if this relief prov'd too small that the King himself would March in Person with all the Power of France and esponse the Quarrel of Castile Pope Clement from Avignon wrote a letter to King John comforting him in his Adversity Peter Earl of Trastamara the King's Cousin who deserted from his Army to Coimbra and thence went over into France being pardon'd return'd now into Castile These Helps were small but the slowness of the English prov'd the safety of Castile The King of Portugal besieg'd Coria but could not take it because some fresh Forces got into it therefore he return'd Home with much Booty The Corses met again at Segovia in order to lay Taxes for raising of Mony Here the King Publish'd a Manifesto to prove his Title to the Crown against the Duke of Lancaster But what just Title could the Son of a Bastard have where there were so many of the True Line living The Duke of Lancaster accepted of the Offers made by the Portugues He endeavour'd to obtain passage through Aragon and the King of Castile to hinder it Both parties sent their Embassadors to that King upon this account Passage being refus'd the Duke came over from England into Spain by Sea and landed at Coruna on the 26th of July In that Port he took 6 Galleys of Castile Fernan Perez de Andrada Governour of the Town defended it with such bravery it was not taken The English were only 1500 Horse and the like number of expert Archers a small Body but might have done great Harm had they immediately joyn'd the Portugueses The time they lost before Corun̄a gave a great Advantage to their Enemies Nevertheless they took several Towns in Galicia and even the City of Santiago the Metropolis of that Kingdom Some Men of Note of that Country went over to the English The Duke of Laucaster at length sail'd for Portugal and Anchor'd at the Mouth of the River Duero The King and Duke met at Porto With the Duke came his Wife Constance his Daughter Catherine and Philippa and Elizabeth two Daughters by his first Wife It was resolv'd they should joyn their Forces That the Duke should have the Kingdom of Castile and the Portugues certain Cities and Towns They agree'd the new King should marry the Dukes Daughter Philippa in Case the Pope would dispense with his Vow of Chastity as Master of Avis The King of Castile was at Zamora making Preparations to defend himself and gathering the Forces that came from France and Castile He publish'd an Edict by which all were ennobl'd who should serve two Months with Horse and Arms at their own Cost and Charge D. John Garcia Manrique Arch-bishop of Sevil was sent with a good Body of Men to secure Leon. All things succeeded better than was expected The third part of the English not us'd to that Climate was consum'd by Sickness Besides many ranging the Country disorderly were cut off by the Boors Thus nothing remarkable was done that Summer only some Messages pass'd betwixt the Kings The Duke sent to challenge the King of Castile and require him to resign up that Crown to him The King also sent Persons of Note to justify his Title but underhand to propose a Match betwixt his Son and Heir Henry and the Dukes Daughter by the Lady Constance This Proposal was no way displeasing to the Duke yet in publick he answer'd He would hear of no Terms but delivering up the Kingdom Near about this time tho far remote as to Place dy'd three Kings On the 4th of June Charles King of Naples was kill'd in Hungary his Head being cloven with a Partesan On the first of January following which began the Year 1387. Charles the IId King of Navarre ended his Days at Pamplona Some say it was the Year before His Body was buried in the Cathedral of that City Four Days after Peter the IVth King of Aragon departed this Life at Barcelona He liv'd 75 Years and reign'd 51 wanting 19 Days Of Stature he was small not Healthy very quick a great lover of Honour and of making a show of Majesty in so much that he was call'd Peter the Ceremonious He maintain'd War against powerful Princes without Foreign Aids only by his own Valour and Conduct was a lover of learned Men and particularly addicted to Astrology and Chimistry His Body was first bury'd at Barcelona and thence translated to Poplete as he had ordain'd Charles King of Naples upon the death of Luis King of Hungary had that Crown offer'd him by the Nobility he went thither and being entertain'd at Dinner by the Queen was murder'd by her Order He left a Son and a Daughter which were Ladislaus and Joanna they both reigned in Naples successively and the one being a Child the other unfit for Government they were the cause of Bloody Wars in Italy The King of Navarre had long been troubled with a Leaprousy It was commonly reported he was burnt to death for that by the Advice of Phisitians he us'd to be wrap'd in Cloaths dip'd in Brimstone on which a Spark of Fire accidentally falling is said to have consumed the Bed and Him This was the more easily believed because he was Cruel Covetous and Lascivious Joanna his youngest Daughter was Married to John de Montforte Duke of Britany who had by her four Sons and three Daughters Charles the Son of him Deceased Friend and Brother-in-Law to the King of Castile inherited the Crown of Navarre He return'd out of Castile and in the Cortes caus'd Pope Clement to be own'd as had been done in Castile for till then Navarre as well as Aragon had stood Neuter This was thought to be done rather to please the French and Castilians than out of respect to Justice The King of Castile to oblige the new King withdrew his Garrisons out of several Towns in Navarre which he held by Contract and forgave him a great Summ of Mony his Father ow'd Thus the new King was encourag'd to attempt the recovery of many Towns taken from his Father in Normandy by the French and English and sent Embassadors to them accordingly This King was mild liberal and generous whence he came to be call'd the Noble By his Wife the Lady Ellenor he had the Princesses Joanna Mary Blanch Beatrix and Elizabeth his Sons Charles and Luis died Young Illegitimate Godfrey Marques of Cortes the Founder of that Family and Joanna marry'd to In̄igo de Zuniga In Aragon King John was Crown'd after the death of his Father He was a meek Prince if not provok'd He could not be present at the

of it he drew up his Men placing 3 Regiments on a rising Ground on the Left and as many on the Right which be cause it was not so advantageous a Post as the other he fortified the best the time would permit It being impossible by reason of the River to attack him any way but in the Front he drew up the Foot before the Horse This done he advanced himself to view the Enemy whom he discovered ranging his Battel about a Cannon-shot from him and leaving two Companies to advertise him of their Motion he returned to the Army He was scarce come to it when he perceived the two Companies retire the Enemy advancing with all speed to attack him Three Charges the Enemy gave upon the Right and Left Wing but the fiercest on the Right as being the weakest but our Foot behaved themselves with such Bravery that Grance was forced to retire having about 600 Men killed or wounded besides the Prisoners taken Next day the Enemy marched away towards Montferrat the Marquess tho' inferior to him in number keeping close after him Several days passed in this manner and the Marquess perceiving Grance's Design was to get Quarters in the rich Country up the Upper Novara he prevented him only by two hours The Floods now rising gave them a good Pretence to retire out of the Country and were a convenient Excuse for us to suffer them so to do without molestation Christina Queen of Sweden who inherited her Father the Great Gustavus Adolphus's Kingdom and his Wars sent this Year an Ambassador to the Court of Spain to settle Peace and Commerce between the Two Crowns He was favourably received and having concluded the Business he came about to his Satisfaction returned home to give an account of his Negociation Soon after King Philip to make his Peace the more firm and permanent sent D. Antony Pimentel y Prado his Ambassador to the Court of Sweden where he was received and entertained with all the Honours due to his Character In England the Usurper Oliver Cromwell this Year settled the Council of State Next he made War upon the Hollanders Then he marched into London with his Army formed a House of Commons to his own Mind and was at last declared Protector of the Commonwealth of England wanting nothing but the Title of King which he also aspired to His wonderful Fortune had raised him to that pitch that all Princes sought his Friendship and were jealous of his Power Anno 1654. Now was the Pantheon at the Escurial designed for the Burial of the Kings of Spain and began by King Philip II. finished by King Philip IV. All things being prepared with Magnificence for the Ceremony of Translating the Bodies on the 16th of March King Philip attended by a great number of the Nobility and Prelates repaired thither to be present at the Solemnity Each Body was carried by 3 Noblemen and 3 of the Religious of that House and were those of the Emperor Charles V. and his Empress King Philip II. and his Queen Philip III. and his Queen and Queen Elizabeth of Bourbon who had been Wife to Philip IV. then reigning The French passing the Mountains entred the County of Pucerdan and laid siege to the City of that Name a strong and populous Place and at that time well provided There they understood that our Horse had blocked up Roses in order to besiege it hereupon they rose and in 3 days came to Lampurdan which is usually 7 days march 400 of our Horse and 500 Foot lay at this Place Upon the approach of the Enemy our Foot retired but the Horse stood upon their Guard The Enemy's Vanguard consisting of 1000 Horse charged them and were so well received that they retired with loss but their main Body coming up our Men drew off in good Order At the same time 3500 Foot and some Horse were coming from Girona but perceiving the French went into Roses they turned back The Queen's Regiment consisting of 1000 Foot and a Body of 1300 Horse came now out of France to recruit their Army and entred by the way of Cabsir which is opposite to Cerdagne D. Thomas Ban̄uales a Catalonian Gentleman having notice of their coming gathered 500 of the Country-People and giving D. Peter Valencuela an account of his Design marched to meet them D. Peter followed them with 600 Men and finding the Catalonians already engaged so encouraged them and dismayed the Enemy that the Queen's Regiment was broke and above 600 of them taken as was most of the Horse and all their Baggage which the French affirmed to be worth 80000 Ducats there being a great quantity of Merchan dize King Philip being well satisfied of the great Abilities of D. John Francisco de Montemoyor y Cuenca and being sensible of the great Losses the Island Hispaniola has always sustained by Pirates constituted him Governor and Captain-General of that Island that with his Conduct he might Redress those Evils He perceiving the Island of Tortuga was their chief Resuge fitted out a Fleet for the Reducing of it At Monte Christi they met 3 French Ships come from Tortuga which being hard chased ran ashore where Two of them were taken and the other cast away The Fleet holding on its Voyage on the 8th of January 1654 came to Tortuga and landed the Forces at a Creek beyond the Fort. They marched forwards and possessed themselves of some Hills that Commanded the Fort which were vigorously defended by the Enemy On the 12th the Fleet drew near to Cannonade the Fort. Monsieur de la Fontain was Governor of the Island for the French he being summoned to surrender answered He would die rather than betray his Trust Yet seeing 16 Pieces of Cannon mounted and all hopes of Relief cut off he capitulated On the 19th of January about 500 Men Women and Children came out of the Fort and were shipped for their Plantations our Men at the same time taking possession This was the common Resuge of the Pyrates whence they went out to Rob all those Seas In the Castle were found 74 Pieces of Cannon Many Indian Slaves taken by the Enemy in the Year 1652 were set at liberty Two Ships one small Frigot and other lesser Vessels were taken After the reducing of the Fort another Vessel laden with Salt not knowing what had hapned came into the Harbour and was seized The Salt was divided among the owners of the Flocks of Basaha to salt meat for the Garrison in which were left 100 Spaniards and some Irish Ferdinand King of the Romans and of Hungary and Bohemia Son to the Emperor Ferdinand III died at Vienna upon the 4th of July of the small Pox Leopold of Austria his Brother succeeded him in the Kingdoms of Hungary and Bohemia and afterwards in the Empire which he still enjoys The Duke of Bragança King of Portugal pressed the Pope to fill up the vacant Sees of that Kingdom there being then but one Bishop in all