Thus much I write God the searcher of all hearts is my witnesse not to revile any Divines of the Presbyterian Party whom I honour as Ambassadours from Heaven when they dispense the truth of of God's Word but they must give me leave to acquaint them that unlesse they can shew any better grounds then I have hitherto read or heard from any of them since these unnaturall Wars for the making good the lawfulnesse of introducing this their meer alteration of Government by blood contrary to the Kings consent and the warrant of the Law of the Land and having not the least ground for it in the Word of God No ertours formerly in Government being unreformed by his Majesty no lawfull means by a Synoy legally called and elected for redresse of what possibly could be found either unnecessary or burdensome in the Church to really tender consciences being by him also denied the Poynt of Government being then onely and still is the difference between his Majesty and the two Houses Therefore although the Protestants and they mutually agree in the fundamentals ef faith and many other necessary truthes yet I say I cannot but certifie them that neither my self not any Protestant of ENGLAND have reason to beleeve that they have kept so close to the rule of God's Word Reason and the Law as they should have done Malachi 2.7 or perhaps may prend Therefore If they have any Arguments now in this juncture of time besides that of meerly ignorant persons professions of their good intentioÌ„s good meaning which they know will not excuse a toto though in some things in may a tanto It being a common excuse of many in these times though they still persist in their irregularly first begun courses they may perform a Christian like and wise duty to themselves for their owne vindication and to others for their information to divulge them to the world or if they cannot produce any that then they would be perswaded even for Christ Jesus sake the Bishop of our soules to returne and doe their first workes least God come against them and us and remove our Candlestick out of its place But I proceed Because the introduction of the Presbyterian government in the Church and a proportionable alteration of the Civill Government in the State is by some Ministers of that Party cryed up as the unum necessarium tending to their preintended Reformation and the fulfilling of their solemne League and Covenant I shall endeavour although the Designers intents probably were to lock fast the Common Peoples Consciences thereby unto them to make good according to the rule of Reason Religion and Law that nothing lesse is comprehended and contained therein so that none stand ingaged unlesse they wilfully will persist in sin by their further assistance to endeavour a compleating of their Innovasion To this purpose I shall desire all a little to reflect backe upon what I have already premised how that seeing the irregular faction of the two Houses alwayes applyed themselves to the Common People as assertours and maintainors of the Law Religion and the Kings just rights towards which the assistance of many have been desired and accordingly veelded they themselves having deserred their own Principles acted in oppofition to the Law and their owne Oathes and Covenant as I have made good they are not in theis owne sence though for my part I deny that they were ever at first in a lawfull sence ingaged to take notice of their Ordinances and Commands But rather to use all possible lawfull meanes for the Restoring of his Majestie to his just Rights The established Religion both in Doctrino and Discipline to its former purity in practice according to Law the Parliament of England to its ancient genuine freedome and regular Priviledges and the reset ling of Peace truth in Church and State And to this effect because some peradventure may apprehend themselves conscienciously ingaged by the solemne League and Covenant to continue their aydes in firmly setling the Presbyterian Government I shall for the removing of such obliging apprehensions passing by the unlawfulnesse of contriving imposing and indeed unwarrantablenesse of entring into it at first in which regard I acknowledge it contrary to the Lawes of the Land and authority of Scriptures give a truely Christian and lawfull construction thereof as it did at first literally and still doth onely appeare to the takers thereof who at first were not Concatenated Designers and therefore for the better clearing of Mens judgements herein shall first propound some necessary Qualifications and Limitations of Promissary Oathes being bold to affirme that if any afterwards shall obstinately persist in remaining Instrumentally Active for this Innovasion that I cannot see how they can free themselves from being wilfully guilty of opposing Reason Religion and Law as also rending in peeces all holy and obligatory Oathes and Covenants That all Promissory lawfull Oaths being religious bonds must be taken in a literall and Gramaticall sense and all lawfull endeavours used for the performance of each clause contained therein as they plainly appear not admitting of alteration afterwards or a contradiction by the mentall Reservations of the Imposers at the time of taking thereof to the judgment and understanding of him that sweareth otherwise a man cannot sweare in Judgement That if any clause shall be inserted into any Oath directly opposite to the Word of God or if any part of an Oath cannot be observed and performed without intrenching upon the breach of Gods Lawes the one ipso fucto is void for Rei illicitae nulla obligatio and the other ingageth to a * Impia pâ—nitenda promissiâ— non perficiâ—â—da repentance only and not to endeavours of performance for per juramentum non tenemur nisi ad bonum legale by Oaths men are bound to nothing but what is lawfull and good either in respect of the end to which Oaths have a respect or meanes conducing to that end therefore in all such kind of Oaths their generall conditions should be inserted however are necessarily implied if I can if it shall please God if lawfully I may for nemo tenetur ad impossibile and wil possimus quod non de Jure possimus both possible and things lawfull must be the substance of Oaths otherwise we cannot sweare in righteousnesse That no particular sentence in a secondary Oath destructive unto or different from any former lawfull ingagement ought to be kept therefore any Oath imposed by the irregular factions of the two Houses must not receive a construction or actions accordingly used in opposition to the Affirmatively and Negatively Genuine and commonly received and practised sense of the former Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy both lawfull in themselves and still according to Law resting established least we adde sinnes of Omission to sinnes of Commission but what is lawfull in any second Oath we must performe what is not we must forbear That in all clauses in Oaths
our dread Soveraign now horresco scribere a restrained Prisoner to his royall Prerogative and Rights by the Law of the Land justly and undoubtedly manifested to be his his Subjects singulatim and their fellow Subjects to their ancient Liberties Proprieties and Immunities by the same Law really theirs and in the conjunction of such loyall affections and really performed actions the three Kingdoms to an entire Peace and undeniable Truth according to the truest construction of their own solemn League and Covenant which being by their contributed assistance forwarded to a perfect consummation we shall return thanks to God for his exceeding bountifull expressions of such a mercy and gratification to them as Instruments conducing thereunto hoping that we shall not need to put them in mind that our hopes onely are that such kind of auxiliary affections will proceed meerly out of loyall affections to his Majesty and love to us their Brethren and not from an intent commandingly to incorporate themselves into Englands Priviledges Freedoms Honours and Wealth therefore at present shall have no occasion to acquaint them that Englands birth-right will not be sold upon unequall terms to this purpose O thou God of all Spirits grant to them and us thy assisting grace that we may obey thee O Lord who art the King of heaven and earth in all things for thy own sake according to thine own rule and King Charles our Soveraign thy substitute upon earth for thy sake that so all of us guided by one Law of truth thy will reveiled in thy Word governed by him our King according to the truth of Law established and all our multiplied sinnes against thee being pardoned treason and rebellion against his Majesty buried in an unrepealable Act of oblivion we may for the future live in piety and godlinesse towards thee our God in obedience and loyalty to his Majesty in unity peace and concord like Brethren one among another Amem Amen Amen But I return to England which still remaineth passive under a tyrannically wasting fire and like a Ship still tossed to and fro by raging tempestuous windes it 's true Religion by Law established it 's really fundamentall Lawes respecting both Prince and People his just Rights and the Subjects most certain and generally contenting Liberties approaching neer to a dissolutioÌ„ though not a destruction for magna veritas prevalebit the gates of hell shall never be able to prevail against truth being ready to sink into an Aristocraticall boundlesse or Anarchicall bottomles Sea Therefore my dear Country-men that I might not appear like an uncharitable Travellour passing thorow a Town contracted by fire into one flame without observation pitty or according to my present poor ability some assistance or that I may not seem carelesse to sail by a distressed Vessell lost almost in the deep by the violent beatings of seditiously conspiring waves I have here contributed some buckets of water towards the asswaging of this devouring fire sent some affisting necessaries aboard the Kingdoms sinking Ship In doing whereof if my zeal to the Protestant Religion loyalty to my Soveraign love and fidelity to my native Country affection and approbation of the well composed Lawes thereof compassion and pitty to all my misguided misinformed and seduced Country-men shall expose me to censure condemnation nay death it self I am resolved by the help of God in whom alone is my confidence with the Apostle into whatsoever condition I shall be cast therewith to remain content esteeming it dulce decorum pro Religione Rege Patria legibusque Angliae mori Now because it concerneth all who raise buildings not so much to catch the eyes-observance with insubstantiall shadowes as to remain lastingly serviceable to lay a sure foundation least that declining or by opposing force enforced to a removall each particuler superstructure meet with the same ruine and suddenly sinking-fate my intent therefore not being for procuration of popular ayery applause but information and reduction of those into the good old way of the Christian Protestant Religion Reason Law and Loyalty who through ignorance and misinformation have been made pedes instrumentales the feet by which the Machiavilians of these times have walked on towards the end of their designs manus complicantes the hands with which Politicians have framed their Engines for an enforced alteration of Englands government without whose assistaÌ„ce their plots would have proved but like statues without motion or abortive Births dead in the very womb those I mean whose intentions at first never aimed at a totall change of Government by a diminishing though in a petitionary much lesse a bloody compulsive way his Majesties royall Prerogative and just Regall power but having been abused through specious pretences of Reformation have been ignorant instruments of Englands unhappinesse As for the Initiatours Contrivers Plotters of this rooting design who begin at the end thereof and accordingly have in England per fasque nefas endeavoured the attaining their ends levelling all ancient bounds of Regall Prerogative just Parliamentary Priviledges private mens proprieties and liberties digging so deep in quest of the fundamentall Lawes that they have arrived at the Antipodes and yet after six yeers endeavours are as far from finding that fundamentall vein as they were when their bloody designs opened the first vein in the Kingdoms body I cannot expect a smooth face from them expressing favour to these lines or remain satisfied with what is written therefore I shall onely pray for them that the God of heaven would open their eyes causing them to see how with Jeroboam they have not onely sinned themselves but caused many thousands in England to fin and grant them repentance and pardon for all their accumulative offences before they go down to the grave and be seen no more I shall therefore fundamina ponere leaving discourses of the necessity of a Nationall government the antiquity rationality and precedency of Monarchy beyond any other form the comparative excellency of the English Government in respect of others practized and bearing the same title the Presse having been already fruitfull in Writings of that nature lay down some undeniable positions and truths ab omnibnsque concessa First in respect of a Government already lawfully setled Secondly in regard of those ligamenta fidelitatis promissory oaths by which religious engagements we oblige our selves to an acknowledgement of some rights due to the supream Governour by the generally received and practized custome of a Nation as also to maintain such rights against all violent opposition hindering any compelled diminution or alteration of the same by any persons whomsoever Hoping that in the result of all nemo Christianus contra Religionem nemo Angliâ—ina contra leges Angliae nemo sobrius contra rationem nemo fidelis contra Regem nemo Pacificus contra pacem durabilem contendet that all true Protestants rational men faithfull Subjects lovers of their Religion King Country and Peace will condescend to what hereaster they shall find
concerning Reformation preservation or defence of any thing that thing necessarily must be extant must have a being otherwise we obliging our selves if we can properly be said to be ingaged to nothing to nothing attest God as witnesse thereunto thereby mocking him and taking his holy Name in vaine and in so doing erre against his third Commandement therefore the Presbyterian Government not being particularly mentioned in the Covenant nor at the first taking thereof now about foure years and an halfe since digested in England into any form much lesse obedience thereunto commanded cannot be intended as a fulfilling of the Covenant but the words Reforme preserve and defend must have a regard to the Doctrine Discipline and Government established as for that evasion that the then takers of the Covenant dispensed with resolutions and actions of preservation c. untill the same should afterwards be setled it is altogether unlawfull and vaine nor can any one by so doing observe the Prophets counsell in Oaths which must be taken in Righteousnesse Judgement and Truth These things premised I proceed to the Oath it self only by the way let me put you in mind of your first Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy with your Protestation an Epitome of the former in these words I promise vow and protest to maintaine so far as lawfully I may his Majesties Royall Person Honor and Estate the true Reformed Protestant Religion expressed in the Doctrine of the Church of England c. For explanation whereof I referre you to what already hath been said concerning the Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy advising every one to consider seriously that place in 30. Numb 2. Ver. If a man vow a Vow unto the Lord or sweare an Oath to bind his soule with a bond he shall not breake his word he shall do according to all that proceedeth out of his mouth We Noble-men Solemne League and Covenant Barons Knights Gentlemen Citizens Burgeffes Ministers of the Gospell and Commons of all sorts in the Kingdom of England c. by the providence of God living under one King Vnder one King that according to common sense and reason must imply obedience and subjection in us unto him as a King enabled with power to governe and that obedience must presuppose a rule of reason and law now what that Law is I have already handled to square our actions of obedience by O that the people of England c. would in in this respect obey the Precept of Christ Give unto Caesar what belongs unto Caesar His Majestie never expected more then what the Law manifesteth to be justly his Witnesse all his Declarations why then should we give him lesse Nay endeavour to deprive him altogether of what we have neither reason nor just power to attempt And being of one reformed Religion The Covenant This must necessarily intend our Religion established a Religion that is not that shall be which Religion commandeth obedience to all His Majesties lawfull commands denieth the Subjects Liberty to take up armes against their lawfull Soveraigne acknowledgeth him to be Supreme in all causes and over all persons Vide homilies 37. Artic. Church Engl. as well Ecclesiasticall as Civill c. that to him properly and wholly belongeth the government of all Estates of this Realme therefore without and against his consent no different Government can be introduced Having before our eyes the glory of God Covenant God is never more glorified then when we expresse a willing obedience to his commands two whereof emphatically enjoyne obedience to Superiors and forbid wrong and prejudice to be offered by any to any one whomsoever First Honour thy Father and Mother that is all those that have authority over us as all Expositors upon good grounds render the meaning of it Secondly Thou shalt not covet thy Neighbours house c. nor any thing that is his that is thou shalt not wish thy Neighbours hinderance in any thing much lesse deprive him of the least thing properly belonging unto him Vide the Margent of the Bible or you shall not offer any wrong to any man whomsoever whereby he may suffer damage in person estate reputation or otherwise for the word neighbour must be taken in a more extensive signification in the Commandement then we commonly use it O that every man with one eye fixed upon these two Commandements would with the other view what by the Law is justly due to his Majestie and Posterity and then consider c. Besides these you have the Prophets and Apopostles Pro. 27.29.30 speaking the same truth as Ambassadours from heaven Solomon adviseth us not to with-hold the goods from the owners thereof though there be power in thy hand to do it Prov. 3.27 29 30. nor to intend hurt against our neighbour seeing he doth dwell by us without * Feare that is putteth trust in us Pro. 24.21 Eccles 8.3 4. Vide margent in the Bible Covenant feare not to strive with a man causlesse seeing he hath done no harme My sonne fear the Lord and the King and meddle not with those that are given to change saith the same wiseman Take heed to the mouth of the King and to the Word of the Oath of God saith the Preacher that is obey the King and keep the Oath that thou had made for the same cause The advancement of the Kingdome of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ His Kingdome is never more advanced then when we obey his Precepts and imitate his practice Now his Precepts will appear in part Mat. 5.3.4 5.6.7.8.9.10.11.16 if we consider that in his Sermon upon the Mount after he had pronounced blessednesse to the poore in spirit to those that mourne to the meeke to those which hunger and thirst for righteousnesse to the pure in heart to peace-makers to those which suffer for righteousnesse sake to those that are falsly reviled and persecuted he addeth this Exhortation to his Apostles Let your light so shine that is let these things for which men shall be blessed practically appeare in your lives and conversations that so they may see your good workes that is others by your example of holinesse may be brought home to the fold of Christ and glorifie his Father which is in heaven And for his practise you may read it in respect of his paying tribute Matth 22.21 as also how that being brought before Rulers whom though causelesly reviling of him hee reviled not againe being led as a sheep to the slaughter and obedient unto death that thereby hee might be a patterne for our imitation to which purpose he invites us Follow me for I am lowly and meeke c. and in our imitation we must follow him in obeying his Messengers the Apostles counsells for they are sent from him and what their counsell was you may peruse Rom. 13. submit your selves unto the higher Powers c. 1 Pet. 2.13 14 17. be obedient to every Ordinance of man for
the Lords sake whether unto the King as supreme c. Now what is this but to advance the Kingdome of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ The honour and bappinesse of the King that is Covenant honour him as a King of England by a cheerfull obedience unto his Lawes in which consists his greatest happinesse honour him by your assistance as Subjects supporting and sustaining him by your supplies according to his important occasions calling for the same For as Christ advised his Apostles to expresse their affections by keeping of his Commandements if you love me saith he keep my Commandements as if he should have said if you love me you will keep my Commandements and if you doe keep my Commandements you then evidence that you love me so in this respect obedience to and assistance of His Majestie are but expressions of honour if you honour the King you will obey and assist him if you obey and assist him you make it appeare to the world that you do really honour him And Royall Posterity that is Covenant what Honour and Rights were justly due to the Father render to his Children deprive not them of any part of their inheritance their regall honour and power The publike liberty safety and peace of the Kingdome Covenant That must needs imply the * Magna Charta Law for by that we are distinguished from slaves and in that we have security and safety with peace the fruit of the observation of the Law Wherein every ones private condition is included Covenant That is Prince as well as people O Lord blesse the Kings Majesty and royall Posterity restore our Lawes to their vigor and this poore Kingdome to a lasting peace Covenant Calling to mind the conspiracies and practices of the enemies of God against the true Religion and professors thereof That is against the doctrinall part of our Religion Vide the qualification of an oath behind expressed in the 39. Articles of the Church of England for common reason and your Protestation affirmeth it necessarily meant of our Religion established and against the maintainers thereof Calling to mind the treacherous and bloody plots against the Law of the Kingdome Covenant that is plots by such waies and meanes as the deplorable estate of Ireland long since was a sad witnesse of whose rebellious and trayterous courses against His Majesties Royall Person Crowne of England and Ireland sufficiently then spake their intentious to subvert both Religion and Law We have now at last for preservation of our selves and Religion from utter ruine and destruction That againe Covenant I say according to reason must have a respect to a Religion and Law that is established for it is improper and absurd to say much more vaine to sweare that I will preserve that from ruine and destruction which is not in being ruine presupposing somthing that is to be destroyed and preservation somthing that otherwise will be ruined Thus you have the ground of this Covenant without mentall reservation and equivocation which if the contrivers had any as since it appears they had non ad vos pertinet it savoureth too much of the Jesuite ipsi viderint let them look to it it concerneth not you to whom I write according to the literall and Gramaticall sense and consonant to the Rules of Religion Reason and Law explained I proceed to the Covenant it selfe wherein I shall observe the same religious rationall and lawfull method That we shall sincorely 1 Art Covenant really and constantly through the grace of God endeavour in our sever all places and callings That is according to the station wherein God hath placed us the King in his regall Power Magistrates as derivatives from him in their places Ministers in theirs private subordinate persons according to their severall degrees in theirs none exceeding the rules proper to their peculiar Vocation where by the way take notice that although Superiours may and often do at one and the self-same time performe both their owne duties and also actions proper to Inferiours yet it is unlawfull for Inferiours to take upon them without lawfull Commission the duty of Superiours Lay private men must not intermeddle with what concerneth the proper duty of a Minister nor must Divines wilfully intrench upon the bounds of the Civill Magistrates nor they upon the Royall Fuction of the King for this were to authorize consusion whereas God is the God of Order Covenant Endeavour * That clause must be implied though not inserted Befides it is also confessed as needfull in the exhortation for taking the Covenant Ordered by the House of Commons Die Veneris Feb. 1643. Covenant so far as lawfully I may the preservation of the Reformed Religion in the Church of Scotland in Doctrine That is if their Reformed Religion be not contrary to the Word of God this I adde because few in England know what it is in its Doctrinall part but by an implicite faith and I adde it the rather because the practice of the prevailing party there since these stormes first begun so contrary to professions may occasion suspition of their doctrines sincere truth witnesse their Declarations and therein Protestations to maintaine the Kings Rights c. contradicted by assisting end cavours to deprive him of his Rights In worship discipline and government That is that Government which was established and so remained at the compiling of the Covenant grant it the Presbyterian by the lawfull and supreme power of that Kingdome untill that government shall be altered by virtue of the self-same power Against our common enemies Covenant That is all who by unlawfull meanes contrary to the Word of God the Lawes and customes of that Nation and the consent of his Royall Majesty shall indeavour an inforced alteration thereof And here by the way as well for vindication of my self and many others in England as also seeing they esteem the Presbyterian Government there so rich a purchased jewell for their future security I shall add thus much that since they enjoyed that government so confirmed as they have by the Royall assent we never would have disturbed them in their desired possession of their Church-government as they have visited for I love mildnesse in expressions in what concerneth my Countries interest us by oaths and armes for an extirpation of Episcopacy and for the future shall never intermeddle contrary to Reason Religion or Law The reformation of religion in the Kingdome of England and Ireland Covenant c. in Doctrine Worship Discipline and Government according to the Word of God and the example of the best reformed Churches As for the doctrine of the Church of England expressed in the * The doctrine of the Protestant Church in Ireland agreeable to them 39. Articles being grounded on a sure foundation the holy Scriptures which are onely able to make us wise unto salvation hath even to this very day by the
THE LOYALL COVENANTER OR Peace Truth revived BEING Certaine seasonable Considerations presented to the whole Kingdome in generall But more particularly intended for that Famous and Honourable City of London and therein in a more peculiar manner all those Citizens As also All other Persons wheresoever who have taken the Solemn LEAGUE and COVENANT Printed in the Yeare 1648. To all true-hearted Englishmen of what degree or qualitie soever especially to each particular Citizen of London Courteous and friendly Reader FOr so my believing charitie perswadeth me to style you although my mean and inconsiderable deserts cannot hope to lay claim to the title As it is a certaine truth for our comfort that man's passive extremitie is Gods active opportunitie deliverance then stepping in when in our apprehensions were are past hopes of being delivered so it is as necessary a truth to be practised that when Kingdomes Cities Families or friends are most passive under the extremitie of accumulative miseries threatning ruine and desolation then to be most active in our assistanceâ— counsell and to our power deliverance Such like thoughts as these possessing me in these unhappiest of unhappy times wherein a generally-feared destruction hangeth over our heads like a sharp pointed sword only by a small thread perswaded me with the poore widow my abilities not being able to bestow more to cast in this my following mite and if it shall though in it selfe worthlesse prove by the concurring operation of Gods Spirit upon the hearts of men in the least manner instrumentally contributary to the reformation of some information of others and a desired restoration of the whole Kingdome in generall the City of London in particular where I received my first birth and being to their ancient honour and former truth and peace return your thankes to the Lord of heaven and earth the fountaine of all Meroies and pray for the Eternall happinesse of Your reall friend Country-man and fellow Citizen Rexophilus Londinatus Christianus Protestans Maii prim 1648. Ne inutilis olim vixisse videar 25 Proverbs 11. A word spoken in season is like apples of Gold in pictures of Silver 122 Psalme 8. For my brethren and companions sakes will I now say peace bee within thy walls WHen the Hebrew-tongued bells sadly invite the Charitable assistance of others to a pacification of that rebellious Element Fire Hebrew Letters must bee read backward A Custome in England to ring bels backward when houses are on fire destructively active beyond its legall bounds and a reduction of it to its proper center and due obedience who will not unlesse some whose preventing care is little about their own and carefull pitty lesse imployed about others ruines willingly contribute their quenching paines Nay who except others as miserably destitute of honesty as wealth whose strangely malicious mindes repine at the fruitfull industry smiling prosperity of others and whose irregular expectations hope to supply the defect of their own wealth and boy up their almost irrecoverably sunk estates by a generally concurring destruction will not subscribe to a voluntary demolition of their proper and more peculiar buildings only to anticipate the devastation of others by that mercilesse raging tyrant When the angry windes begin to vent their spleen and the passive surges which not long before were united into one only unsurrowed face like slaves forced to a degeneration are compelled by those powerfully Commanding Masters into high swelling frowns and deep-furrowed wrinkles thereby menacing ruine to all floating travellers in that uncertain watery region Will not then all obliged and resolved guides Vela moderantes pâ—r aequoris undas unlesse some who with too much ease can change ingagements of publike preservation into permissive iâ— not active resolutions of desolation or others whose winding limbs embarqued on gainfull private hopes or aguish losing feats can comply with every rouling wave thereby in vain expecting in a Fly-boat of neutralitie to swim safely to a self-securing shore will not all except such consult a prevention of such a universally-threaten'd destruction My dearest Country-men England hoc momento temporis O that Fame could give my Pen the lye â—â—ut alas alas experience already hath and still doth afford us too too certain grounds evidencing its truth is at this very day become a sad paralell of these preceding lines England not long since famous abroad happy at home even beyond si foelicitatem novorit desire of additionall happinesse for its united domestick structures I mean its Monarchicall government compacted into so sweetly agreeing * King Lords and Commons in Parliament disproportionâ—d proportion that setting aside those Concomitantes Regnorum devastatores those destroyers of men and Kingdomes Ambition Envy and Sedition which blind the judgements sight enforcing it to a partiall if not an envious construction of the best things the most prying eye could not discern the * Poorest men humblest stone remedilesly press'd by an oppressing * Rich persons Superiour or highest advanced pinacle proudly scorning inferiour subjected materialls without a check from the master builder I mean the established law whose enlivener fonsquerigo is our Soveraigne Lord King Charles c. Sine quo nulla nova fuit est Angliâ lexque erit This England quis non talia scribendo lachrymarum flumina mittet Jeremiah 9. chap. 1. v. who can forbeare wishing with the Prophet That his head were full of water and his eyes a fountain of tears to weep for his Native Country by the beginning Sparcks of an unfortunate Northern fire-brand strange it is that so cold and almost benumming a climate should yield such nimbly-devouring fire intermixing in its consuming progresse with unnaturally connaturalizing materialls by degrees grown almost into one entire flame This winged Vessell truly styled Europ's Soveraigne whose swelling sayles not long since were filled even to envy and admiration of all round about her by long continuing uninterrupted succesfull gales At last by the enforcement of rigid necessitie justly steering its powerfully commanding course for its command proceeded from a * Commission from his Majestie Just power neere the * Scotland ☽ alidonian waters met with some surly opposing gusts high-working ambitious and rebellious waves which not wanting a concurring assistance and incouragement from other mutinous spirits strange it is that children of the same wombe should rend the very bowels of their naturall parent upon the unreasonable invitation of aliens accompanying the same Fleet with this Royall Pilot denyed to strike sayle or expresse obedience to his lawfull commands Which strange and unnaturall opposition increasing like snow roul'd from place to place even to a monstrous heap by the senslesly assisting and furiously active hands of such persons was soon howsoever dissolved by the favourable breath and gracious condescentions beyond expectation of the Royall CoÌ„mander himself as it seemed having a brest more affected with the losse of any under his command however in their obedience repugnant although I cannot
premises confidered answer of themselves to which even the knowledge of the meanest judgement if he know any thing cannot but assent as reall truth Whether ever in this Kingdom any new Law was enjoyned or new Oath imposed upon the people in opposition to the Law established Presupposed the King not the King in his minority although it is as true then for there is his tacite supream power implied his Protectour J Jenk Remonstr Febr. 21. 1647. Vide Recordi by the two houses conjunctim or by either of them seperatim without nay against the King's consent and if none as none can be produced by what power have they contrived Ordinances and imposed them with a Vow and Covenant solemn League and Covenant contrary to established Law and his Majesties Proclamation Whether or no turbulent violent and irregular transaction in former Parliaments wherein Kings have been deposed or necessitated to unlawfull condescentions through force or fear have not been by succeeding Parliaments made null and those Parliaments themselves esteemed but as traiterous Assemblies and so as cannot be denied Res pares cnm paribus comparemus And let us all pray that England may enjoy the happinesse of a free lawfully acting Christian like peaceable unbyased no private self ends respecting but the truly publike and generall good cordially affecting and really effecting Parliament To which let all true English men with my self say Amen Amen Whether ever formerly the Lords and Commons cenjunctim or either of them divisim had the disposing of the Militia of the Kingdom did create Magistrates had power over life and death to whom highest and last appeal were made did make a great Seal acting by vertue thereof by any Law of the Land established without nay against the King's consent And if there be no Law extant interesting them in such a power but on the contrary it must necessarily be confessed that all these things by the letter of the Law and the continuall practice thereof which is optimus leges interpres do belong to the King's Majesty his Heirs and Successors their own Propositions of the second of June 1642. confessing no lesse First Book Col. Ordnan 307. for then they petitioned him for a resignation of all these insignia regalia for the removing of fears and jealousies between him and his people which must necessarily imply a tacite confession that his Majesty is solely interested in the disposing of them for to what end should they petition for those things which without his consent they may claim as their own and if so let every mans judgement speak Quis reus Whether or no there be any Law remaining established or any clause reserved in the Law by vertue whereof the Lords and Commons or either of them are authorized in any case whatsoever reall much lesse upon a pretence of any case to remove Counsellours from his Majesty by force to imprison his sacred Person to use the regall Power to alter the Lawes established to impose new Lawes without his consent upon his Subjects and the like by force All which and more then these have been put in practice since these unhappy times began and if they cannot produce any Law or the least resemblance of a Law nay of Christian reason to warrant such like actions they must give us leave to ask the question Who are guilty of Treason seeing all these particulars thus usurped are by the Law declared no lesse Judge Jenkins Lex tâ—râ—ae Remonstr Frb. 1647. And here by the way let me put them in mind of the different judgement of former Ages in Bishop Cranmer a glorious Martyr for our Religion from such kind of positions or practices He would not admit of the Popes authority in England because he was pre-engaged to the King by Oath Book Martyrs according to the Law of the Land affirming that the Popes authority was against the Crown Custome and Lawes of the Kingdom Now unlesse there be a Law authorizing the People under what notion soever to do that which was unlawfull in the Pope to do the offence being one and the same committed only by differing persons I know not what to write more but that Pope and People begin both with one letter praying God to deliver us from the Pope and Papistical false Doctrines As for that old stalking-horse the fundamental Law which hath so often and so long been pretended as an undeniable warrant authorizing their beginnings and proceedings in opposition to his Majesty Truly loyall English hearts and rationall men will no sooner credit that there is such a Law because of their meer declarative affirmation then that there is such an one as Atlas really supporting the Heavens with his shoulders because Poets have delivered so much to succeeding Ages in their feigned writings There indeed not any such Law warranting these kind of actions for none hitherto hath appeared in view it being a maxime that quod non apparet jure non est therefore shall be bold to put them in mind of part of Master Pym's speech at the beginning of this Parliament leaving the application to their consideration The Law is that which putteth a difference between good and evill between just and unjust if you take away the Law all things will fall into a confusion every man will become a Law to himself which in the depraved condition of humane nature must needs produce many great enormities Lust will become a Law Envy will become a Law Ambition will become a Law and what dictates and decisions such Lawes will produce may easily be discerned Thus far Master Pym. Now that these things may not come to passe in its height however and perfection in these our dayes Let us pray that the Lord would grant us all grace to tread constant steps in the path of his Law giving us loyall hearts to the King and causing us to expresse a reall not verball obedience to the Law of the Land Further because humanum est errare and omnis perfectio nostra est imperfectio all of us being full of originall sin by reason of which the suggestion of Satan and the enticing pleasures and profits of this life we are alas quamvis Christiani though stiled Christians yet ready to commit sin with greedinesse against the God of heaven as also too too apt to prefer our own private advantage and interest before the publike good and benefit not minding the peoples happinesse in practising piety and enjoying Peace the mother of plenty but oftentimes spurred on by avaritious and ambitiously aspiring thoughts we neglect rendring to God his and all other degrees of men from the Prince to the meanest of the people their respective dues which often occasioneth that confusion like a fierce torrent overfloweth and ruine like a boisterous storme suddenly shipwracks a well governed Kingdom Therefore are Oathes tanquam Clavi religiost framed to keepe this building of Government more firme and close together To this end the Oathes
of Alleagiance and Supremacy are by the Law of the Land injoyned to be taken by all Persons capable thereof especially men imployed in any publicke Office but more particularly the House of Commons in Parliament sine quo non est talis 5. Eliz. esp 1. In which they sweare without Equivocation or mentall reservation to beare Faith and true alleagiance to his Majestie his Heires and Successours to defend him and them against all Conspiracies and attempts whatsoever against their Persons Crown and Dignitie Now let all reasonable Men confider and within their owne judgements resolve these questions themselves Coll. Ordn. first book 93. Is it maintenance of his Majesties crown and dignity and defence against all attempts c. To force the Militia inseperably belonging to the Crown from him under pretence of groundlesse feares and jealousies Is it maintenance of his Crowne and Dignitie First book Coll. Par. Ordn. pag. 309 310. June 1642. I meane his regall Crowne of Government to demand as they did in their nineteen Propositions all governing Kingly power from him plainly then speaking that their intent was not to maintaine not withstanding their glorious pretences the Law nor resolution ad errores reformandum but regimen Angliae mutandum For had they really intended as they verbally often pretended in their Ordinances and Declarations Coll. Ordn. 130. alibique Fo. 15. Coll. Ordn. Decemb. 1641. Preservation of the Law of the Land his Majesties royall person honour and Estate just Prerogative and Soveraignty they should have provided having also declared in that grand Remonstrance to the Kingdome that their intent was to restore the ancient honour greatnesse and security of the Crowne More wals of Brasse if it were possible to invent which I must confesse passeth my beleefe more and a more excellent one for preventing any more shaking of the Law established by intrenching upon the Kings just Prerogative and the Subjects Liberty then the Trienniall Parliament which they confesse themselves to be a perpetuall Spring of remedies for the future And not on the first Onset Magis Postulare quam Petere totally require rather then desire the Kings royall Power Nineteen Propos for that end breaking all hedges of publicke and generall liberty to preserve or advantage some few private peeces of inclosed grounds Is it faith and alleagiance Oath of Alleagiance and Supremacy and a Declaration in your Consciences that none hath power to discharge Subjects from their Alleagiance and Obedience to his Majesty To frame Oathes wherein you ingage your fellow Subjects Coll. Ordn. 93 138. even in a manner to protest against their alleagiance and obedience to his Majestie by Covenanting to assist the Forces raised and continued by both Houses who are but Subjects else why doe they Petition to his Majesty in those submissive stiles Of his Majesties most humble and loyall Subjects against the Forces raised by the King and that they shall nor directly nor indirectly assist the Forces raised by the King without the consent of both Houses witnesse their Vow and Covenant Ordered die Sabbathi 1643. and and their latter composed Negative Oath much to the same effect Is it a Declaration in your Conscience Oath of Supremacy that the Kings highnesse is the onely supreame Governour of this Realme and all other his Majesties Dominions To deprive him of his Negative voyce in Parliament to create Magistrates to exercise a power over the life and death of his Subjects nay to doe any thing but what Subjects ought to doe and Oaths oblige unto Is it a desence of all Jurisdictions and Priviledges Preheminences and Authorities belonging to the Kings highnesse his heirs and Successours and annexed to the imperiall crown of this Realm To declare that the King is not in a condition to govern Answer to the Scots Declaration Novemb. 28.1647 to imprison him to affirm that they will make no more addresses unto him that they will settle the government of the Kingdom without and against him These considered I appeal to all hear O heaven judge O earth with yee Inhabitants of England Scotland and Ireland who are guilty of perjury I am sure none but will confesse that the Oaths of Alleagiance and Supremacy are lawfull in themselves commanded by a compleatly lawfull authority remaining enjoyned confirmed by act of Parliament therefore ought to be taken by all according to the literall sense thereof and endeavours used to perform the same according to each mans uttermost ability As for that exception savouring more of a Turkish or Jesuiticall then of a Christian Protestant's affirmative judgement nay it is contrary to common reason and altogether vain For any one to apprehend that singular persons one by one are obliged to the observation of these Oaths but a body representative is one as if one man alone could be perjured and yet that the multiplication of that unite equally engaged both in the keeping and the breach thereof to four hundred gave a dispensation from the guiltinesse of the sin as if an offender were an offender because quatenus home unicus per se peccans sinning as one man alone and not because the offence committed was a deviation from the Law of God Reason or the Law when as it is far more correspondent to reason to affirm that the more the Offenders are the more guilty because more spreading and the greater the Offenders are as representitave bodies or Magistrates abusing a conferred power are more dangerous because exemplary for citius ducti per exempla quà m praecepta we are too apt to follow sin in a multitude especially if they be great persons of repute pretending assertours and reformers though they prove desertours and deformers of Religion Lawes and Liberties Besides God in the Scriptures commandeth us not to follow a multitude to do evil which implieth that a multitude may do evil and what is a representitative body but a multitude in a grammaticall sense and therefore if they do evil they must not be followed Nay the whole current of Gods Word runs with variety of judgements threatned against all that are in authority if they recede from his Commandements The Prophet Micah with others are full in this respect You may see many more among the rest of the Prophets Micah 3.1 2 3 4 5 6 7. Amos 6.11 12 13 14. Hosea 5.9 10 11 12 13 14 15. O come therefore for the prevention of such like judgements and the removing from us what we already lye under let us by a timely repentance return unto the God of heaven humbly entreating him that he would forgive us all our sins more particularly that he would not lay this hainous sin of Perjury to Englands charge but give us grace to mourn and weep for that and all others which have occasioned our Land to mourn in misery and weep in blood Now to contract the premised severals into a narrower compasse thereby to make this rooting design
appear plainly to all I shall desire all rationall men to take notice that the Lords and Commons in that grand Remonstrance to the Kingdom in December 1641. and their Petitions to his Majestie Declarations and Ordinances Preambles to their Protestation Vow and Covenant solemn League and Covenant which were but as so many applications to the people for their information and procuration of their approbations assistance and affections alwayes pretended a preservation of the Kings Honour Rights and Authority the Law of the Land the Protestant Religion the Liberty and Propriety of the Subject To this purpose you shall find many expressions In the grand Remonstrance they complain of the Jesuited Papists c. and a malignant Party Col. Ordnan fo 3. pernicious designs to subvert the fundamentall Lawes and principles of Government on which the Religion and justice of this Kingdom is established They confesse the King to be trusted with the Ecclesiastical law as well as temporall Coll. Ordn. fo 19. that next under God the people owe obedience unto him They professe their intent was not to abolish all government and leave every man to his own fancy for the service and worship of God but to reduce within bounds the exorbitant power which some Prelates had assumed to themselves contrary to the Word of God and law of the land Where by the way takes notice that then there was no mention made of extirpating Episcopall Government since that as much as in them lyeth by their solemn League and Covenant and Ordinances effected They professe to maintain the true Protestant Religion Coll. Ordn. 281. the Kings just Prerogative the lawes and liberties of the Land and the priviledges of Parliament Resolved upon the Question 12. July 1642 fo 457. That an Army shall be forthwith raised for the safety of the Kings person preserving of the true Religion Lawes Liberties and Peace of the Kingdom There they expresse fears Fo. 461. that the true Protestant Religion and Lawes will be extinguished c. That they will maintain and support his Majesties royall Honour and greatnesse Fo. 466. But I will trouble the Reader with no more expressions of this nature the first Book of collection of Ordinances if he please will afford him variety Take a brief view of their Preambles to all their Oaths which they pretend as motives and grounds occafioning their framing and imposing them May 5. 1641. We the Knights Citizens and Burgesses in Parliament c. having cause to suspect endeavours still continuing to subvert the true re ormed Protestant Religion in his Majesties Dominions * Observe that Established established and the fundament all Lawes and to introduce an arbitrary and tyrannicall Government c. therefore make this ensuing Protestation c. June 1643. in their Vow and Covenant There they declare That there hath been and is a Popish and traiterous Plot for the subversion of the true Protestant Religion c. Thus you may perceive how in all their applications to the common people they still urge intentions of preserving the King 's just Prerogative and royall Rights true Protestant Religion the Lawes and Liberties of the Land Now this must necessarily according to common sense be construed by the common people whatsoever private reserved resolutions to the contrary the framers of the Oathes and Ordenances had to themselves a preservation and defence of Religion Prerogatives Rights Lawes and Liberties which are established and in being for according to that old adage ex nihile nil fit But alas these specious pretences were but Decoyes sent abroad to catch the plain hearted people and the lesse advised multitude into a complying assistance their hands and tongues must help toward the demolition of England's andent and well compacted Monarchieal Fabrick their breathlesse bodies must be instrumentall piles to mount these Designers into the chair of a new modelized pre-intended Government To this purpose therefore contrary to all their Paper intelligencers Nineteen Propositions daily diispersed among the people they in their first Propositions to his Majesty as I have already observed lay the foundation though cunningly of this generall alteration in Church and State wherein they had left nothing more to demand of him but that as a King he had nothing more to grant Which design of theirs hath appeared in more legible additionall demands in their succeeding Treaties and Propositions from that time unto this very day wherein they have violently deprived his Majesty of his regall power he at present being so far from commanding as a * Being kept as a Prisoner in the I sle of wight King that his power in commanding is far below the commanding power of some of his meanest Subjects Proh dolor usque quò domine usque quò how long Lord how long holy and true wilt thou suffer the Rod of the wicked to remain upon the back of the righteous how long shall the workers of iniquity triumph speaking fiercely smiting down thy people and troubling thy Heritage Deliver our Soveraign thy servant King CHARLES from cruell men who imagine evil things in their heart making war continually whose tongues are sharper then a Serpent and under whose lips lye the poyson of Adders Amen Again to make these Rooters defign appear plainer and plainer to every eye the Treaties at Oxford and since at Vxbridge at which time nothing was left ungranted by his Majesty whereby his people might be satisfied but that he would have something left I say as King to give will evidence it to any impartiall judgement At Oxford Anno 1643. the maine dispute betweene his Majestie and the two Houses Commissioners was who should have the Power of Nomination and Election of State-Officers The Right to both belonged to his Majestie how ever so desirous was he of Peace and a Reconciliation his heart bleeding in tendernesse within for the losse of so much of his Subjects blood did readily and willingly condescend that the Power of Nomination should be theirs reserving choice of them to himselfe Now let us weigh the inequality in reference to the prevention of the effusion of more blood It may be supposed upon grounds of reason that if I have the Power of Nomination I will not name any one in whom I cannot confidently repose my trust and of whom I have not a good opinion therefore if it be onely Peace and a mutuall agreement betweene two differing Parties where it is sometimes fitting that both should abate of the rigour of their demands what need I care who chooseth or upon whom the election falleth seeing they are all equall in my esteeme But this would not doe they must have the Kings Supremacy Election too all or as yet no peace otherwise indeed the Civill Government cannot be altered from a Monarchy into an Aristocracy and so by degrees subdivide it selfe into a Democracy The Ecclesiasticall cannot be changed from Episcopacy into Presbytery and so againe into Independency or