the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n digest_v into_o the_o method_n of_o the_o civil_a or_o imperial_a institution_n useful_a for_o all_o gentleman_n who_o be_v studious_a and_o desire_v to_o understand_v the_o custom_n of_o this_o nation_n write_a in_o latin_a by_o john_n cowel_n doctor_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o regius_n professor_n in_o the_o university_n of_o cambridge_n and_o translate_v into_o english_a according_a to_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o all._n by_o w._n g._n esquire_n london_n print_v by_o tho_n roycroft_n for_o jo_n ridley_n at_o the_o castle_n in_o fleet_n street_n by_o ram_n alley_n 1651._o the_o preface_n the_o eminency_n of_o our_o author_n be_v so_o well_o know_v to_o this_o present_a age_n that_o it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n for_o i_o to_o imagine_v that_o what_o i_o be_o able_a to_o say_v will_v add_v any_o thing_n to_o â—is_n glory_n only_o this_o his_o too_o much_o cry_v up_o parliament_n privilege_n render_v he_o not_o so_o much_o a_o favourite_n of_o those_o former_a time_n as_o his_o worth_n merit_v â—or_a his_o book_n so_o vendible_a as_o they_o have_v â—â—en_o since_o these_o late_a change_n in_o england_n and_o therefore_o though_o this_o treatise_n be_v of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n sinâ—â—_n himself_o be_v so_o good_a a_o common_a wealth_n man_n i_o hope_v for_o the_o author_n sake_n it_o wiâ—â—_n find_v no_o less_o acceptance_n in_o â—he_n englisâ—_n world_n then_o if_o he_o have_v live_v to_o maintain_v what_o he_o in_o that_o age_n dare_v avow_v and_o thereby_o appear_v in_o his_o own_o natural_a and_o proper_a colour_n if_o in_o anth_v i_o have_v err_v in_o this_o translation_n charity_n can_v pardon_v i_o especial_o when_o i_o shall_v affirm_v that_o this_o be_v work_n of_o charity_n in_o myself_o as_o i_o conceive_v not_o to_o let_v so_o choice_n a_o methoâ—_n of_o our_o english_a law_n lie_v obscure_v in_o a_o language_n which_o i_o know_v many_o of_o this_o nation_n who_o be_v wellwiller_n to_o the_o law_n can_v not_o understand_v and_o to_o those_o only_a it_o be_v intend_v and_o if_o it_o happen_v into_o any_o other_o hand_n especial_o into_o such_o as_o hate_v the_o profession_n of_o the_o law_n i_o do_v no_o â—â—re_o regard_v their_o censure_n than_o they_o do_v the_o law_n precept_n which_o our_o author_n teâ—â—_n we_o be_v to_o live_v honest_o to_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o one_o and_o to_o render_v every_o one_o their_o due_a farewell_n a_o table_n of_o the_o general_a head_n contain_v in_o this_o treatise_n of_o justice_z and_o law_n fol._n 1_o of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n and_o the_o law_n civil_a 2_o of_o the_o right_n of_o person_n 7_o of_o free-burn_a 11_o of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a 12_o in_o what_o cause_v manumission_n can_v be_v 14_o of_o the_o take_n away_o the_o law_n which_o be_v call_v lex_fw-la fusia_fw-la caninia_fw-la 14_o of_o those_o which_o be_v in_o their_o own_o and_o those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o other_o 15_o of_o paternal_a jurisdiction_n 16_o of_o marriage_n 19_o of_o adoption_n 27_o how_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v paternal_a jurisdiction_n be_v dissolve_v 28_o of_o ward-ship_n 30_o who_o they_o be_v that_o by_o test_n may_v appear_v guardian_n 31_o of_o lawful_a guardian-ship_n of_o kindred_n 32_o of_o disfranchisement_n or_o diminutio_fw-la capitis_fw-la 34_o of_o the_o lawful_a guardian-ship_n of_o lord_n or_o patron_n 36_o of_o the_o legal_a guardianship_n of_o parent_n 40_o of_o fiduciary_a guardianship_n 40_o of_o the_o attilian_a tutor-ship_n which_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o lex_fw-la julia_n titia_fw-la 41_o of_o the_o authority_n of_o tutor_n and_o guardian_n 43_o by_o what_o mean_v wardship_n expire_v 45_o of_o tutor_n or_o overseer_n 46_o of_o the_o security_n which_o be_v to_o be_v give_v by_o guard_n 49_o of_o the_o excuse_n of_o guardian_n 50_o of_o guardian_n which_o may_v fall_v under_o suspicion_n 50_o of_o the_o division_n of_o thing_n and_o the_o gain_v a_o property_n in_o thing_n 53_o of_o thing_n corporeal_a and_o incorporeal_a 71_o of_o the_o service_n which_o inheritance_n be_v bind_v unto_o 81_o of_o use_v and_o profit_v 97_o of_o use_n and_o habitation_n 100_o of_o custom_n and_o prescription_n ibid._n of_o gift_n 105_o what_o person_n may_v alienate_v and_o what_o not_o 114_o by_o what_o person_n we_o may_v make_v acquisition_n or_o gain_n to_o ourselves_o 116_o of_o ordain_v last_a will_n and_o testament_n 117_o of_o the_o military_a testament_n 122_o who_o they_o be_v that_o may_v make_v a_o will_n ibid._n of_o the_o disinherit_n of_o child_n 126_o of_o the_o institute_n of_o heir_n 128_o of_o the_o ordinary_a substitution_n 130_o of_o pupillary_a substitution_n 131_o how_o will_n be_v invalidate_v 132_o of_o those_o will_n which_o be_v call_v by_o the_o civilian_n testamenta_fw-la inofficiosa_fw-la 134_o of_o the_o quality_n and_o difference_n of_o heir_n 135_o of_o devise_n 136_o of_o take_v away_o or_o translate_n devise_n 147_o of_o that_o law_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v lex_fw-la falcidia_fw-la 148_o of_o those_o trustee_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v fidei_fw-la commissarij_fw-la haeredes_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la sanatusconsultum_fw-la trebellianum_fw-la 152_o of_o thing_n leave_v per_fw-la fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la ibid._n of_o codicill_n 153_o of_o inheritance_n which_o be_v convey_v from_o such_o as_o die_v even_o intestate_a 154_o of_o the_o legal_a succession_n on_o the_o father_n sidc_n 157_o of_o the_o tertullian_n decree_n 159_o of_o the_o orphitian_n decree_n 160_o of_o the_o succession_n of_o cousin_n by_o the_o mother_n side_n ibid._n of_o the_o degree_n of_o consanguinity_n 161_o of_o the_o consanguinity_n of_o those_o who_o be_v servile_a 162_o of_o the_o succession_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a ibid._n of_o the_o assignation_n of_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a 163_o of_o the_o possession_n of_o good_n ibid._n of_o acquire_v by_o adrogation_n or_o adoption_n 164_o of_o he_o to_o who_o good_n be_v grant_v for_o liberty_n 165_o of_o succession_n which_o be_v among_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o sale_n of_o good_n according_a to_o the_o claudian_a decree_n ib._n of_o obligation_n 166_o how_o a_o obligation_n be_v contract_v by_o a_o thing_n do_v 167_o of_o obligation_n by_o word_n 169_o of_o the_o two_o party_n in_o a_o covenant_n &_o promise_n 171_o of_o the_o covenant_n of_o servant_n 172_o the_o division_n of_o covenant_n ibid._n of_o void_a and_o unprofitable_a covenant_n ibid._n of_o surety_n or_o pledge_n 177_o of_o obligation_n by_o writing_n 178_o of_o obligation_n make_v by_o consent_n 182_o of_o bargain_n and_o sale_n 183_o of_o let_v and_o hire_v 187_o of_o partner_n and_o fellowship_n 195_o of_o commandment_n and_o attornment_n 202_o of_o obligat_n which_o arise_v from_o employ_v contract_n 203_o by_o what_o person_n a_o oblige_v be_v acquire_v unto_o we_o 205_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o obligation_n be_v take_v off_o 206_o of_o obligation_n arise_v from_o crime_n 209_o of_o thing_n take_v by_o force_n 211_o of_o the_o aquilian_a law_n 213_o of_o trespass_n and_o injury_n 215_o of_o obligation_n which_o arise_v from_o impute_a crime_n 217_o of_o action_n 218_o what_o be_v say_v to_o be_v a_o contract_n make_v by_o he_o who_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o another_o 227_o of_o those_o action_n which_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n lie_v against_o the_o lord_n for_o a_o offence_n or_o crime_n do_v by_o his_o servant_n or_o cattle_n 229_o whether_o a_o fourfooted_a beast_n may_v be_v say_v to_o commit_v a_o trespass_n or_o not_o 230_o of_o those_o by_o who_o we_o may_v sue_v 231_o of_o give_v of_o pledge_n or_o security_n 232_o of_o perpetual_a and_o temporal_a action_n which_o discend_v to_o heir_n and_o against_o heir_n 238_o of_o plea_n and_o exception_n 240_o of_o replication_n 243_o of_o prohibition_n 244_o of_o the_o penalty_n of_o those_o who_o be_v rasble_o litigious_a 245_o of_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o judge_n 249_o of_o public_a judgement_n 254_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o justice_n and_o law_n tit._n i._n justice_n be_v a_o constant_a and_o perpetual_a will_n of_o render_v unto_o every_o one_o their_o due_a 1._o due_a bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o num_fw-la 2._o flâ—t._n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o 1._o the_o knowledge_n or_o learning_n of_o the_o law_n be_v a_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n both_o divine_a and_o humane_a and_o a_o science_n distinguish_v what_o be_v just_a what_o unjust_a 4._o unjust_a bract._n l._n cod_n num_fw-la 4._o 2._o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n be_v these_o to_o live_v honest_o to_o do_v no_o injury_n to_o any_o one_o and_o to_o render_v every_o one_o their_o due_a 6._o due_a id._n cod_n nu_fw-la 6._o 3._o the_o law_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v either_o
as_o public_a or_o private_a we_o call_v that_o the_o law_n public_a which_o appertain_v to_o the_o very_a constitution_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o it_o consist_v in_o thing_n holy_a in_o priest_n and_o magistrate_n for_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o have_v church_n in_o which_o man_n may_v address_v themselves_o to_o god_n for_o the_o forgiveness_n of_o their_o sin_n it_o be_v also_o convenient_a to_o have_v priest_n or_o minister_n by_o who_o we_o may_v be_v enjoin_v repentance_n for_o our_o sin_n and_o who_o may_v pray_v for_o we_o and_o mediate_v to_o god_n on_o our_o behalf_n for_o his_o help_n and_o providence_n and_o it_o be_v requisite_a likewise_o that_o there_o be_v magistrate_n ordain_v because_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o those_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o precede_v as_o judge_n the_o law_n may_v be_v put_v in_o execution_n for_o it_o be_v to_o little_a purpose_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v law_n if_o there_o be_v not_o some_o to_o govern_v by_o those_o law_n 6._o law_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 6._o 4._o that_o which_o we_o term_v private_a law_n be_v that_o which_o chief_o belong_v to_o the_o utility_n of_o particular_a person_n and_o be_v secondary_o necessary_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n that_o no_o one_o abuse_v his_o own_o and_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n what_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v likewise_o secundary_o requisite_a for_o the_o profit_n of_o particular_a person_n and_o this_o private_a law_n have_v three_o foundation_n viz._n natural_a nationall_n and_o civil_a pri_fw-la civil_a bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 3._o flet._n 6._o c._n pri_fw-la of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n and_o the_o law_n civil_a tit._n ii_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v that_o which_o nature_n or_o rather_o god_n have_v instill_v into_o all_o creature_n 4._o creature_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 4._o 1._o the_o national_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o all_o nation_n observe_v and_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o natural_a law_n because_o the_o natural_a law_n be_v that_o which_o be_v common_a to_o all_o creature_n either_o on_o the_o earth_n in_o the_o sea_n or_o in_o the_o air_n 6._o air_n id._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 6._o from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n come_v the_o conjunction_n of_o male_a and_o female_a 445._o female_a blow_n fol._n 445._o and_o that_o which_o by_o common_a consent_n be_v call_v matrimony_n but_o this_o can_v proper_o be_v term_v a_o law_n because_o it_o be_v corporate_v and_o may_v be_v see_v for_o law_n be_v incorporal_a which_o discend_v and_o be_v introduce_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n but_o from_o this_o law_n proceed_v the_o procreation_n and_o education_n of_o child_n 304._o child_n id._n 303._o &_o 304._o and_o this_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v â—olely_o common_a to_o man_n as_o religion_n towards_o god_n that_o we_o may_v become_v assist_v both_o to_o â—ur_n parent_n and_o country_n and_o repel_v force_n â—nd_a injury_n and_o from_o hence_o it_o come_v that_o â—hatosever_v we_o do_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o own_o body_n be_v adjudge_v legal_a 7._o legal_a bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o num_fw-la 7._o from_o the_o law_n â—f_a nation_n also_o be_v servitude_n eod_a servitude_n id._n eod_a war_n distinct_a and_o divide_a nation_n several_a distinguish_v kingdom_n and_o dominion_n manumisâ—ons_n set_v of_o bound_n to_o land_n the_o build_n together_o and_o neighbour_a of_o house_n by_o â—hich_v mean_n we_o have_v our_o city_n borroughs_n â—nd_v villiage_n and_o general_o to_o this_o law_n of_o nation_n may_v be_v refer_v all_o manner_n of_o contract_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n 8._o thing_n id._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 6_o 7_o 8._o 2._o the_o civil_a law_n of_o england_n usual_o â—â—lled_v common_a law_n be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o â—ath_v a_o threefold_a acceptation_n for_o first_o it_o be_v â—â—ken_v general_o for_o that_o law_n which_o the_o enâ—â—â—sh_a use_n distinguish_v from_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n second_o it_o be_v take_v for_o these_o two_o court_n of_o judicature_n common_o call_v the_o bench._n the_o former_o king_n bench._n upper_a bench_n and_o the_o common_a pleas._n for_o when_o we_o say_v the_o cognisance_n of_o any_o cause_n belong_v to_o the_o common_a law_n we_o do_v not_o intend_v to_o any_o court_n baron_n county_n court_n pypowder_n court_n oâ—_n any_o such_o court_n but_o to_o one_o of_o these_o two_o judicatories_n who_o do_v most_o strict_o judge_v all_o causeâ—_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o common_a law_n 5._o law_n doct._n &_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o eract_v l._n 1._o c._n 5._o num_fw-la 5._o although_o there_o be_v many_o case_n in_o which_o both_o in_o the_o chancery_n and_o fxchequer_n process_n be_v issue_v upon_o original_a writ_n and_o judgement_n give_v according_a to_o common_a law_n 9_o law_n blow_n fol._n 9_o and_o three_o it_o be_v take_v for_o that_o law_n which_o we_o term_v statute_n law_n 86._o law_n cook_n l._n 3._o fâ—l_n 86._o 3_o the_o law_n of_o england_n according_a to_o somâ—_n have_v six_o principal_a foundation_n viz._n the_o laâ—_n of_o reason_n 316._o reason_n plo._n f._n 316._o the_o divine_a law_n the_o general_a custom_n of_o the_o kingdom_n certain_a principle_n and_o maxim_n particular_a custom_n and_o statute_n 4._o statute_n doct._n &_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o but_o if_o we_o shall_v contract_v these_o more_o close_o we_o may_v say_v the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v twâ—_n part_n viz._n ancient_a custom_n confirm_v 〈◊〉_d the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n and_z former_o the_o king_n oath_n and_o statute_n which_o 〈◊〉_d enact_v by_o parliament_n either_o as_o supplement_n or_o amendment_n to_o the_o aforesaid_a custom_n both_o which_o be_v derive_v from_o thâ—_n law_n of_o nature_n and_o nation_n as_o all_o other_o law_n â—s_v whatsoever_o which_o be_v either_o just_a 〈◊〉_d reasonable_a and_o thus_o we_o fit_o divide_v 〈◊〉_d law_n into_o write_v and_o unwritten_a 13_o unwritten_a fortc_n c._n 13_o there_o be_v other_o which_o make_v our_o laâ—_n three_o fold_n viz._n common_a law_n custom_n and_o statute_n 4._o statute_n cook_n pref_o l._n 4._o 4._o our_o write_a law_n at_o least_o that_o which_o be_v in_o use_n be_v contain_v in_o statute_n pres_fw-fr statute_n cook_n l._n 3._o pres_fw-fr which_o be_v not_o make_v according_a to_o the_o prince_n pleasure_n but_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n call_v together_o former_o by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o purpose_n 7._o purpose_n fort_n c._n 9_o &_o 18_o &_o bract_v l._n 1._o c._n 2._o nu_fw-la 7._o yet_o we_o as_o heretofore_o the_o king_n approbation_n be_v necessary_o require_v 5._o and_o in_o one_o pâ—rticuler_a the_o supreme_a powâ—â—_n wheresoever_o it_o rest_v as_o in_o time_n past_o the_o king_n be_v above_o the_o law_n for_o that_o it_o may_v grant_v privilege_n at_o pleasure_n as_o to_o single_a person_n as_o to_o corporation_n and_o college_n provide_v they_o become_v not_o injurious_a to_o a_o three_o person_n 28._o person_n f._n n._n b._n fol._n 28._o in_o which_o if_o any_o doubt_n arise_v some_o say_v itself_o alone_o have_v sole_a power_n of_o interpret_n 14._o interpret_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o num_fw-la 3._o brit._n c._n 63._o flet._n l._n 3._o c._n 14._o although_o other_o ascribe_v this_o power_n also_o unto_o the_o judge_n that_o such_o charrers_n may_v receive_v construction_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o law_n altonwoods_n law_n cook_n l._n 1._o case_n altonwoods_n 6._o but_o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o case_n arise_v which_o be_v neither_o provide_v for_o by_o custom_n or_o statute_n sufficient_o and_o there_o the_o judge_n do_v decide_v by_o like_a reason_n proceed_v accorcord_v to_o former_a precedent_n and_o for_o that_o purpose_n do_v many_o time_n meat_n together_o to_o argue_v such_o case_n demurrer_n case_n new_a term_n of_o the_o law_n tit_n demurrer_n but_o if_o any_o such_o disficulty_n chance_v to_o happen_v which_o require_v a_o high_a search_n than_o judgement_n be_v recite_v until_o the_o next_o parliament_n by_o the_o council_n of_o which_o court_n it_o be_v determine_v 7._o determine_v bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 2._o num_fw-la 7._o 7._o the_o unwritten_a law_n consist_v of_o ancient_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n 21_o law_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o num_fw-la 2._o littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 10._o cook'l_n 4._o foe_n 21_o and_o to_o the_o observation_n of_o which_o our_o king_n at_o their_o coronation_n be_v oblige_v 34._o oblige_v fort._n c._n 34._o by_o oath_n notwithstanding_o any_o of_o these_o custom_n may_v be_v alter_v or_o null_v by_o a_o statute_n 465._o statute_n doct._n stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o blow_n 465._o a_o custom_n be_v either_o general_a or_o particular_a a_o
general_a custom_n be_v that_o which_o be_v observe_v through_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o be_v more_o proper_o term_v by_o we_o a_o common_a right_n 5._o right_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o nu_fw-la 2._o etc._n etc._n 3._o num_fw-la 5._o a_o particular_a be_v that_o which_o be_v in_o force_n in_o divers_a particular_a county_n city_n burrough_n village_n and_o manor_n 102_o manor_n cook_n l._n 4._o fol._n 78._o doct._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 8._o &_o 10._o n._n l._n entr._n tit_n custom_n kitch_n c._n custom_n fol._n 102_o the_o public_a judicatory_n also_o of_o england_n have_v their_o custom_n likewise_o which_o be_v observe_v as_o strict_o as_o law_n 93._o law_n cook_n l._n 2._o fol._n 16._o &_o 17._o l._n 4._o f._n 23_o 24._o &_o stu._n c._n f._n 93._o but_o any_o custom_n which_o be_v repugnant_a either_o to_o law_n or_o reason_n be_v to_o be_v abolish_v 400._o abolish_v blow_n fol._n 400._o 8._o natural_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v immutable_a 4._o immutable_a blow_n 88_o elet_n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o but_o the_o law_n of_o england_n may_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o those_o by_o who_o advice_n it_o be_v first_o ordain_v to_o be_v alter_v 7._o alter_v bract._n l._n 1_o c._n 2._o num_fw-la 7._o yet_o so_o as_o it_o do_v neither_o oppugn_v reason_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n 9_o now_o that_o law_n concern_v which_o we_o shall_v treat_v at_o present_a belong_v only_o to_o person_n thing_n or_o action_n according_a to_o the_o right_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o because_o person_n be_v the_o most_o worthy_a as_o for_o who_o sake_n all_o law_n be_v ordain_v therefore_o we_o discourse_v first_o of_o they_o and_o of_o their_o state_n and_o 3._o doct._n stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 19_o special_a justice_n l._n 3._o condition_n which_o be_v various_a and_o diverse_a 1._o diverse_a bract._n l_o 1._o c._n 6_o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o of_o the_o right_n of_o person_n tit._n iii_o the_o first_o and_o short_a division_n of_o person_n be_v this_o that_o all_o man_n be_v either_o free_a or_o servant_n 1._o servant_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o 1._o now_o liberty_n be_v a_o natural_a faculty_n in_o every_o one_o to_o do_v what_o seem_v good_a to_o they_o so_o it_o be_v neither_o against_o law_n or_o authority_n 4._o authority_n bract._n eod_a nu_fw-la 2._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 19_o num_fw-la 4._o or_o it_o may_v be_v define_v a_o evacuation_n of_o servitude_n because_o it_o be_v direct_o contrary_a unto_o it_o 2._o it_o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 2._o 2._o servitude_n be_v a_o constitution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n by_o which_o contrary_a to_o nature_n one_o be_v subject_v to_o another_o power_n and_o it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o servando_fw-la and_o not_o serviendo_fw-la for_o ancient_o prince_n use_v to_o sell_v their_o slave_n and_o for_o that_o cause_n they_o do_v reserve_v rather_o than_o kill_v they_o 77._o they_o brit._n f._n 77._o wherefore_o when_o they_o be_v afterward_o set_v at_o liberty_n they_o be_v call_v manumissi_fw-la as_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o the_o hand_n 3._o hand_n bract._n eod_a num_fw-la 3._o brit._n c._n 31._o spe._n just_a c._n 2._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o 3._o servant_n be_v either_o those_o which_o be_v bear_v so_o or_o make_v so_o those_o which_o be_v bear_v so_o come_v from_o native_n father_n and_o mother_n whether_o they_o be_v marry_v or_o not_o which_o be_v true_a both_o in_o native_n and_o they_o which_o be_v free_a 11._o free_a lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o whether_o they_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o their_o lord_n or_o out_o of_o his_o power_n also_o that_o be_v a_o servant_n who_o mother_n be_v a_o native_a be_v not_o marry_v notwithstanding_o that_o the_o father_n be_v free_a because_o in_o that_o case_n as_o a_o common_a conception_n it_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o mother_n 2._o mother_n bract._n eod_a n._n 4._o brit._n d._n c._n 31._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o spec._n just_o d._n c._n 2._o and_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o issue_n of_o a_o free_a woman_n illegitimate_a though_o beget_v by_o a_o servant_n and_o it_o be_v bear_v free_a because_o in_o our_o law_n it_o be_v repute_v nullius_fw-la filius_fw-la 34._o filius_fw-la bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o instit_fw-la jâ—r_n come_v c_o 34._o those_o which_o be_v servant_n bear_v we_o term_v servant_n by_o prescription_n as_o those_o also_o may_v happy_o be_v call_v free_a by_o prescription_n who_o have_v gain_v their_o freedom_n through_o the_o negligence_n of_o their_o lord_n 23._o lord_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o n._n 13._o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o &_o l._n 4._o c._n 11._o dyer_n fol._n 60_o n_o 23._o 4._o those_o which_o we_o call_v native_n be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o those_o who_o the_o roman_n call_v adscriptim_fw-la gleba_fw-la namely_o those_o which_o serve_v the_o land_n together_o with_o their_o lord_n and_o be_v mancipate_v and_o alien_v with_o their_o estate_n 6._o estate_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o these_o we_o term_v villain_n regardant_n 2._o regardant_n littl._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o brit._n c._n 66._o fol._n 165._o b._n bra._n l._n 1._o c._n 11._o n._n 1._o 2._o spec._n just_o l._n 2._o because_o they_o do_v villis_fw-la inservire_fw-la of_o who_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o our_o law_n speak_v thus_o a_o native_a servant_n be_v such_o a_o one_o who_o be_v beget_v by_o a_o free_a man_n of_o a_o woman_n who_o be_v a_o villain_n and_o life_n in_o a_o villainage_n whether_o they_o be_v marry_v or_o not_o but_o at_o this_o day_n the_o issue_n which_o be_v beget_v by_o a_o free_a man_n of_o a_o native_a be_v free_a g._n free_a f._n w._n fol._n 78._o g._n 5._o and_o so_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o a_o villain_n go_v in_o unto_o a_o free_a woman_n the_o issue_n shall_v be_v free_a but_o if_o it_o be_v beget_v between_o the_o villain_n of_o several_a lord_n than_o it_o be_v material_a to_o observe_v in_o who_o villainage_n it_o be_v bear_v and_o who_o it_o ought_v to_o follow_v whether_o father_n or_o mother_n according_a as_o they_o be_v either_o marry_v or_o unmarried_a or_o according_a as_o they_o be_v either_o within_o or_o from_o under_o the_o power_n of_o their_o lord_n also_o if_o it_o be_v the_o issue_n of_o a_o freeman_n and_o a_o single_a woman_n a_o villain_n the_o issue_n shall_v be_v native_a because_o it_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o mother_n but_o if_o of_o a_o she_o villain_n and_o a_o freeman_n marry_v out_o of_o the_o villinage_n and_o in_o libero_fw-la thoro_n it_o shall_v be_v repute_v free_a and_o see_v of_o a_o freewoman_n and_o freeman_n 3._o freeman_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o n._n 4._o brit._n c._n 31._o fl._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o 6._o those_o which_o be_v make_v servant_n be_v make_v so_o by_o captivity_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n for_o when_o war_n begin_v captivity_n follow_v a_o freeman_n may_v also_o be_v make_v a_o villain_n by_o law_n namely_o by_o his_o own_o confession_n and_o acknowledgement_n make_v in_o one_o of_o the_o court_n the_o former_o the_o king_n court_n superior_a court_n 11._o court_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o n._n 4._o brit._n c._n 31._o &_o 43._o fle._n l._n 1._o c._n 3_o 5._o lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o a_o freeman_n may_v also_o become_v a_o villain_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_n 6._o ancient_n bract._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o if_o be_v once_o manumiss_a he_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v call_v back_o again_o for_o his_o ingratitude_n into_o servitude_n but_o this_o by_o the_o mean_n be_v uncontradict_v 46._o uncontradict_v fort._n c._n 46._o also_o a_o freeman_n may_v be_v make_v a_o villain_n if_o at_o first_o be_v make_v either_o clerk_n or_o monk_n he_o shall_v afterward_o return_v to_o a_o secular_a life_n because_o such_o a_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v restore_v to_o his_o lord_n 3._o lord_n brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o n._n 4._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 3._o those_o which_o be_v make_v villain_n be_v call_v villain_n in_o gross_a because_o they_o be_v of_o themselves_o without_o be_v appendant_a to_o any_o estate_n 11_o estate_n lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11_o but_o all_o that_o be_v villain_n in_o gross_a be_v not_o servant_n make_v because_o there_o may_v be_v villain_n issue_n between_o those_o which_o be_v our_o captive_n or_o by_o any_o other_o of_o this_o way_n become_v servant_n which_o we_o soon_o as_o bear_v like_o the_o issue_n of_o native_n fall_v immediate_o into_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n 7._o a_o freewoman_n be_v not_o make_v a_o villain_n by_o marry_v with_o a_o villain_n and_o this_o be_v in_o favour_n of_o liberty_n against_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o our_o law_n which_o speak_v the_o wife_n to_o be_v the_o same_o flesh_n
vii_o neither_o be_v there_o among_o we_o any_o the_o least_o use_n of_o this_o law_n which_o for_o so_o many_o age_n together_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n abrogate_a as_o envious_a and_o cruel_a of_o those_o which_o be_v in_o their_o own_o and_o those_o which_o be_v under_o the_o power_n of_o other_o tit._n viii_o we_o have_v discourse_v before_o of_o the_o state_n of_o person_n now_o we_o be_v to_o make_v another_o division_n and_o this_o be_v that_o every_o one_o be_v either_o in_o their_o own_o power_n or_o in_o the_o power_n of_o other_o 5._o other_o brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o fet._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o 1._o in_o their_o own_o power_n be_v all_o who_o be_v not_o subject_a to_o other_o but_o we_o shall_v by_o consequence_n know_v those_o which_o be_v in_o their_o own_o power_n when_o we_o shall_v declare_v who_o be_v under_o subjection_n to_o other_o 2._o other_o brac._n ib._n â—_o 2._o 2._o in_o the_o power_n of_o other_o be_v servant_n which_o power_n of_o lord_n over_o their_o vassal_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o this_o be_v sometime_o a_o power_n of_o life_n and_o death_n but_o now_o it_o be_v more_o restrain_v by_o our_o civil_a law_n so_o that_o now_o power_n over_o life_n and_o limb_n be_v only_o annex_v to_o the_o supremacy_n so_o that_o he_o who_o shall_v kill_v his_o servant_n shall_v be_v no_o less_o punish_v then_o for_o kill_v a_o stranger_n for_o it_o be_v very_o necessary_a for_o the_o common_a wealth_n that_o no_o one_o do_v abuse_n their_o own_o and_o in_o this_o they_o have_v law_n against_o their_o lord_n that_o they_o may_v have_v justice_n against_o they_o for_o life_n and_o limb_n in_o case_n of_o any_o cruelty_n or_o intolerable_a injury_n exercise_v by_o their_o lord_n 11._o lord_n mahemium_fw-la lit._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o as_o if_o you_o destroy_v they_o that_o they_o can_v enjoy_v their_o wainage_n free_a and_o safe_a but_o this_o be_v true_a only_a in_o those_o villain_n which_o hold_v in_o ancient_n demesne_fw-la of_o the_o crown_n for_o it_o be_v otherwise_o of_o other_o because_o when_o ever_o the_o lord_n shall_v please_v he_o may_v take_v from_o his_o villain_n his_o wainage_n together_o with_o all_o his_o other_o good_n whatsoever_o 5._o whatsoever_o brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o n._n 3._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o 3._o and_o as_o to_o freeborn_a people_n also_o some_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o other_o as_o ward_n under_o the_o protection_n of_o their_o guardian_n or_o friend_n or_o under_o the_o tuition_n of_o their_o lord_n 9_o lord_n flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o of_o paternal_a jurisdiction_n tit._n ix_o under_o the_o power_n of_o parent_n be_v child_n bear_v in_o lawful_a matrimony_n so_o be_v nephew_n and_o their_o child_n as_o to_o grandfather_n and_o great_a grandfather_n on_o the_o father_n side_n 1._o side_n brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 9_o n._n 4._o and_o l._n 2._o c._n 24._o n._n 4._o and_o stat._n mer._n a_o 20._o h._n 3._o c._n 9_o jerm_n jur._n ver._n bastardy_n flet._n l._n 6._o c_o 1._o but_o this_o be_v true_a as_o to_o nephew_n and_o their_o child_n only_o where_o their_o father_n die_v and_o they_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n go_v out_o of_o their_o protection_n 6._o protection_n brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o brit._n c._n 119._o fol._n 270._o flet._n l_o 1._o c._n 6._o 1._o those_o which_o be_v not_o legitimate_a be_v not_o repute_v child_n as_o in_o case_n of_o adultery_n and_o otherwise_o nor_o those_o who_o be_v bring_v forth_o contrary_a to_o the_o form_n of_o man_n kind_n as_o 56._o brac._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o n._n 7._o and_o l._n 4._o tr_fw-la 3_o c._n 13._o n._n 2._o flet._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o and_o l._n 4._o c._n 17._o and_o l._n 6._o c._n 56._o monster_n and_o prodigy_n in_o nature_n but_o those_o which_o be_v irregular_a only_o in_o member_n as_o have_v six_o finger_n or_o four_o or_o only_a one_o shall_v not_o for_o that_o be_v esteem_v illegitimate_a 2._o but_o we_o be_v to_o observe_v that_o that_o ancient_a jurisdiction_n which_o the_o roman_n exercise_v over_o their_o child_n do_fw-mi child_n institut_fw-la imperiales_fw-la cod_n do_fw-mi be_v much_o more_o qualify_v with_o we_o for_o the_o english_a only_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o labour_n of_o those_o child_n which_o be_v under_o the_o age_n of_o twenty_o one_o year_n and_o that_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o if_o they_o live_v at_o home_n with_o they_o they_o may_v do_v their_o own_o notwithstanding_o that_o they_o be_v retain_v in_o their_o parent_n business_n and_o that_o they_o find_v they_o diet_n and_o clothing_n but_o if_o they_o be_v put_v forth_o to_o learn_v any_o other_o art_n their_o master_n have_v the_o sole_a benefit_n of_o their_o work_n unless_o any_o condition_n forbid_v for_o that_o a_o condition_n may_v prevail_v even_o against_o law_n 5._o law_n bract._n l._n 2._o c._n 5._o 3._o whatsoever_o estate_n whâ—ther_o adventitious_a or_o bequeath_v especial_o land_n shall_v fall_v unto_o child_n the_o father_n shall_v not_o so_o much_o as_o have_v the_o profit_n of_o it_o but_o shall_v be_v liable_a to_o give_v a_o account_n to_o his_o child_n so_o soon_o as_o it_o shall_v come_v of_o age_n but_o that_o i_o may_v explainit_a this_o parentall_a power_n relish_v more_o of_o that_o love_n and_o respect_n which_o child_n bear_v to_o parent_n as_o a_o principle_n infuse_v and_o instill_v by_o the_o law_n of_o religion_n and_o nature_n rather_o than_o of_o any_o compulsion_n of_o force_n by_o which_o the_o law_n oblige_v 38._o oblige_v cook_n l._n 3._o casu_fw-la radclif_n fol._n 37_o 38._o for_o our_o decalogue_n which_o the_o roman_n want_v inculcate_n this_o respect_n with_o promise_n of_o divine_a benediction_n and_o the_o only_a curb_n with_o which_o parent_n restrain_v those_o that_o become_v refractory_a be_v the_o power_n of_o disinherit_n which_o be_v not_o often_o time_n threaten_v in_o vain_a 4._o now_o the_o guardianship_n of_o ward_n be_v double_a one_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o common_a the_o ooth_a of_o the_o statute_n law_n sup_n law_n cook_n ubi_fw-la sup_n and_o it_o be_v true_a the_o common_a law_n give_v a_o action_n of_o treâ—â—pass_n to_o the_o father_n against_o he_o that_o shall_v take_v away_o his_o son_n and_o heir_n which_o action_n 〈◊〉_d good_a in_o reason_n because_o the_o marriage_n of_o the_o son_n belong_v to_o he_o 92._o he_o bract._n tit_n tresp_n n._n 92._o 5._o matrimony_n be_v a_o conjunction_n of_o mâ—â—_n and_o woman_n comprehend_v society_n of_o the_o life_n individual_a 25._o individual_a bract._n l._n 1._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 25._o n._n 1._o c._n 3._o n._n 8._o &_o l._n 2._o c._n 14._o brit._n c._n 107._o flet._n l._n 5._o c._n 25._o and_o so_o strict_a be_v this_o coâ—iunction_n in_o our_o law_n that_o man_n and_o wife_n be_v repute_v but_o one_o person_n 217_o person_n brook_n tit._n villena_fw-la 39_o &_o bar._n &_o feme_fw-fr doct._n &_o stu._n c._n 1._o c._n 24._o perk._n 217_o as_o but_o one_o flesh_n it_o the_o divine_a 19_o divine_a gen._n 2._o 24._o fl._n l._n 9_o c._n 19_o 6._o the_o bishop_n have_v determine_v by_o the_o câ—â—non_n and_o statute_n law_n concern_v legitimacy_n and_o illegitimacy_n and_o make_v cerrificaâ—â—_n thereof_o either_o to_o the_o supreme_a power_n or_o the_o justice_n as_o often_o as_o be_v require_v uni_fw-la require_v lib._n intr._n tit_n bast_n f._n 104._o brook_z eod_a do_fw-mi bract._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la 5._o c._n 6._o n._n 3._o etc._n etc._n 19_o n._n 2._o &_o a._n 25._o cod_n 3._o sta_fw-la 2._o ca._n uni_fw-la 7._o according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n 〈◊〉_d england_n that_o issue_n which_o be_v bear_v before_o marriage_n be_v a_o bastard_n but_o he_o which_o marry_v 〈◊〉_d single_a woman_n who_o be_v with_o child_n by_o himself_o oâ—_n any_o other_o make_v her_o issue_n legitimate_a although_o it_o be_v bear_v immediate_o after_o marriage_n for_o in_o this_o case_n marriage_n be_v a_o testimony_n where_o the_o child_n be_v 15._o be_v fle._n l._n 1._o c._n 5._o etc._n etc._n 14_o 15._o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v distinguish_v in_o the_o case_n of_o he_o that_o marry_v a_o widow_n with_o child_n viz._n whither_o she_o be_v apparent_o 3._o apparent_o glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 15._o 1_o brac._n l._n 5._o tr_fw-la c._n 19_o n._n 2._o &_o a_o 20_o h._n 3._o with_o child_n at_o the_o time_n of_o marriage_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v doubtful_a for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n it_o shall_v be_v â—eputed_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o former_a husband_n in_o the_o other_o of_o the_o latter_a bastardy_n latter_a term._n jur._n tit_n bastardy_n of_o marriage_n tit._n x._o a_o wife_n by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o power_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o her_o husband_n 307._o husband_n dyer_n f._n 79._o n._n 51._o blow_n f._n 307._o
upon_o their_o denial_n then_o of_o any_o two_o honest_a man_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o take_v true_a and_o faithful_a inventory_n of_o all_o the_o good_n and_o chattel_n movable_n &_o immovables_n which_o the_o party_n decease_v have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o death_n and_o to_o write_v all_o and_o singular_a the_o say_a good_n just_o apprize_v in_o 2._o charter_n or_o table_n indent_v the_o one_o to_o be_v reserve_v to_o themselves_o the_o other_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o ordinary_a but_o if_o the_o testator_n have_v appoint_v any_o of_o his_o land_n or_o tenement_n to_o be_v sell_v the_o money_n or_o profit_n thence_o arise_v be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o inventory_n 9_o inventory_n 21._o h._n 8._o c._n 5._o swinb_n part_n 6._o sect._n 9_o 2._o but_o the_o heir_n be_v oblige_v to_o satisfy_v the_o debt_n of_o their_o ancestor_n which_o the_o chattel_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o do_v sup_n do_v glan_n &_o brac._n ubi_fw-la sup_n yet_o if_o the_o whole_a estate_n of_o the_o testator_n will_v not_o suffice_v to_o pay_v debt_n then_o the_o king_n prerogative_n except_v there_o use_v in_o former_a time_n to_o be_v a_o defalcation_n every_o where_n ib._n where_n brac._n ib._n 3._o and_o even_o at_o this_o instant_n the_o law_n be_v that_o legacy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v pay_v before_o debt_n be_v satisfy_v for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o executor_n be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o creditor_n out_o of_o his_o own_o estate_n 488._o estate_n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 2._o c._n 11._o bro._n execut._n 116._o perk._n 488._o yet_o be_v he_o not_o tie_v to_o pay_v every_o one_o that_o demand_v a_o debt_n but_o those_o only_o against_o who_o the_o testator_n have_v he_o live_v can_v not_o have_v wage_v his_o law_n 55._o law_n bro._n ib._n 79._o 87._o 127._o 163._o 172._o dr._n &_o stu_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 11._o plo._n 181._o dyer_n fol._n 23._o n._n 144_o 145_o &_o fol._n 80._o n._n 53_o 54_o 55._o 4._o the_o ancient_a law_n seem_v to_o be_v somewhat_o change_v as_o to_o the_o privilege_n of_o creditor_n yet_o even_o now_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o executor_n may_v in_o the_o first_o place_n allow_v moderate_a funeral_n charge_n and_o then_o satisfy_v creditor_n according_a as_o the_o law_n prescribe_v and_o of_o those_o the_o king_n be_v first_o by_o his_o prerogative_n 18._o prerogative_n mag._n char._n c._n 18._o next_o he_o those_o to_o who_o the_o testator_n be_v oblige_v by_o statute-merchant_n or_o recognisance_n in_o the_o three_o place_n those_o who_o have_v judgement_n against_o the_o testator_n 16._o testator_n swinb_n part_n 6._o sect._n 16._o four_o penal_a obligation_n 172._o obligation_n bro._n ib._n n._n 88_o 172._o and_o of_o these_o those_o have_v priority_n who_o day_n for_o payment_n be_v lapse_v 54._o lapse_v dyer_n foe_n 80._o n._n 54._o and_o of_o those_o if_o there_o be_v many_o they_o who_o sue_v first_o but_o if_o they_o commence_v their_o suit_n together_o or_o that_o day_n of_o payment_n be_v not_o yet_o come_v than_o it_o be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o executor_n to_o gratify_v who_o he_o please_v next_o to_o penal_a obligation_n follow_v simple_a bill_n super_fw-la bill_n swinb_n ubi_fw-la super_fw-la as_o we_o call_v they_o and_o last_o contract_v without_o writing_n against_o which_o the_o testator_n can_v not_o wage_v his_o law_n as_o servant_n salary_n and_o rent_n of_o land_n or_o house_n whereof_o the_o testator_n be_v lessee_n for_o year_n or_o life_n and_o the_o like_a 163._o like_a bro_n ib._n n._n 33._o 87._o 127._o 163._o but_o as_o for_o make_v contract_n executor_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o pay_v they_o ib._n they_o id._n ib._n yet_o according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o these_o have_v their_o remedy_n in_o a_o action_n upon_o the_o case_n upon_o a_o promise_n of_o the_o testator_n execut._n testator_n term_n v._o execut._n 5._o if_o a_o creditor_n be_v make_v executor_n he_o may_v in_o the_o first_o place_n satisfy_v himself_o after_o which_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o pay_v the_o other_o creditor_n out_o of_o the_o residue_n 185._o residue_n blow_n fol._n 185._o 6._o if_o after_o debt_n pay_v there_o remain_v enough_o to_o satisfy_v legacy_n every_o legatee_n may_v of_o right_a claim_n his_o whole_a legacy_n otherwise_o only_o according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o estate_n and_o the_o quantity_n of_o all_o the_o legacy_n yet_o so_o that_o the_o executor_n may_v first_o deduct_v charge_n bonafide_fw-la expend_v and_o desperate_a debt_n but_o under_o the_o notion_n of_o lex_fw-la falcidia_fw-la we_o have_v not_o any_o thing_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n in_o that_o nature_n require_v from_o the_o office_n of_o a_o judge_n but_o as_o to_o those_o good_n which_o be_v not_o devise_v they_o be_v convertible_a to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o executor_n 525._o executor_n perk._n 525._o 7._o executor_n of_o executor_n be_v oblige_v to_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o first_o testator_n debt_n unless_o his_o good_n appear_v to_o be_v full_o administer_v by_o their_o testator_n 5._o testator_n dyer_n foe_n 174._o n._n 21_o &_o 22._o 25._o ed._n 3._o stat._n 5._o c._n 5._o of_o those_o trustee_n which_o the_o romanâ—_n call_v fidei_fw-la commissarii_fw-la haeredes_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la sanatusconsultum_fw-la trebellianum_fw-la tit._n xxiii_o these_o inheritance_n be_v out_o of_o use_n with_o we_o yet_o those_o trust_n be_v something_o parallel_v to_o they_o by_o which_o we_o be_v use_v to_o give_v our_o land_n to_o stranger_n to_o the_o use_n of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n or_o to_o private_a person_n to_o the_o use_n and_o profit_n of_o a_o body_n politic_a but_o those_o invention_n of_o uses_n be_v injurious_a to_o the_o prince_n and_o to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n 123._o manor_n coo._n l._n 1._o shudleys_n case_n fol._n 123._o be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n either_o whole_o take_v away_o or_o at_o least_o for_o the_o most_o part_n alter_v 10._o alter_v 1._o r._n 3._o c._n 1._o 4_o h._n 7._o c._n 7._o 27._o h._n 8._o c._n 10._o of_o thing_n leave_v per_fw-la fidei_fw-la commissum_fw-la tit._n xxiv_o of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v by_o the_o roman_n term_v fidei_fw-la commissa_fw-la except_v those_o which_o be_v appoint_v to_o the_o next_o title_n we_o have_v no_o mention_n in_o our_o law_n they_o be_v leave_v whole_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n definition_n of_o codicill_n tit._n xxv_o the_o term_n codicillus_fw-la be_v seldom_o use_v with_o we_o wherefore_o in_o this_o we_o only_o follow_v that_o which_o we_o borrow_v from_o the_o civil_a and_o common_a law_n unless_o it_o contain_v either_o a_o fee_n or_o a_o freehold_n in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v only_o before_o a_o ecclesiastical_a judge_n and_o to_o receive_v their_o interpretation_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o end_n of_o the_o second_o book_n the_o three_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n of_o inheritance_n which_o be_v convey_v from_o such_o as_o die_v even_o intestate_a tit._n i._n there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n of_o gain_v dominion_n which_o be_v by_o succession_n and_o which_o happen_v to_o all_o heir_n of_o such_o thing_n whereof_o their_o ancestor_n dye_v seize_v in_o fee_n or_o whereof_o they_o be_v at_o any_o time_n seize_v as_o of_o fee_n by_o right_o of_o inheritance_n without_o have_v alienate_v they_o and_o this_o descent_n ought_v to_o be_v to_o the_o next_o heir_n male_n or_o female_n in_o a_o direct_a or_o transverse_a line_n wherefore_o right_o like_o all_o heavy_a thing_n fall_v downward_o direct_o or_o transverse_o nor_o do_v it_o ever_o ascend_v 〈◊〉_d same_o way_n by_o which_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n it_o descend_v yet_o do_v it_o collateral_o ascend_v sometime_o for_o want_v of_o heir_n to_o who_o 〈◊〉_d may_v descend_v 2._o descend_v glan_n l._n 7._o c._n 1._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 29._o n._n 1._o dr._n and_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o flet._n l._n 6._o c._n 1._o and_o c._n 2._o 1._o a_o right_n descend_v to_o the_o heir_n wheresoever_o bear_v whether_o in_o the_o womb_n or_o beyond_o 〈◊〉_d on_o this_o side_n the_o sea_n and_o that_o whether_o within_o or_o without_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n provide_v his_o parent_n be_v the_o king_n liege_n people_n and_o that_o the_o mother_n go_v over_o sea_n with_o her_o husband_n leave_n nor_o can_v any_o man_n create_v to_o himself_o a_o heir_n because_o god_n only_o make_v they_o and_o because_o haeres_fw-la be_v not_o ab_fw-la haereditate_fw-la but_o haereditas_fw-la ab_fw-la herede_fw-la 2._o now_o inheritance_n be_v a_o succession_n to_o the_o whole_a right_n which_o the_o ancestor_n decease_v have_v in_o fee_n upon_o what_o cause_n soever_o whether_o by_o acquisition_n or_o succession_n with_o seisin_n or_o without_o and_o if_o by_o seisin_n then_o at_o whatsoever_o he_o be_v
other_o ornament_n or_o ox_n either_o give_v or_o promise_v hire_n such_o a_o care_n be_v require_v of_o he_o as_o a_o diligent_a master_n of_o a_o family_n will_v have_v which_o be_v have_v if_o the_o thing_n by_o accident_n happen_v to_o be_v lose_v he_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o make_v restitution_n unless_o it_o be_v agree_v otherwise_o nor_o be_v it_o sufficient_a that_o he_o have_v such_o a_o care_n of_o they_o as_o of_o his_o own_o good_n 59_o good_n brac._n ib._n dr._n &_o stu._n l._n 1._o c._n 23._o l._n 2._o 6._o 4._o flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 59_o 5._o let_v of_o land_n and_o immovables_n be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a occasion_n of_o suit_n of_o all_o other_o wherefore_o it_o be_v requisite_a that_o we_o shall_v speak_v more_o large_o in_o this_o place_n of_o these_o particular_n every_o one_o may_v make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n who_o hold_v they_o in_o fee_n whether_o he_o have_v fee-simple_n or_o fee-tail_n and_o whether_o he_o be_v possess_v in_o his_o own_o right_n in_o the_o right_n of_o his_o wise_a or_o of_o a_o church_n 28._o church_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 28._o which_o be_v also_o true_a in_o those_o who_o hold_v as_o partner_n 3_o partner_n lit._n l._n 3._o c._n 3_o so_o also_o cestuy_n qui_fw-fr use_n 5._o use_n id._n ib._n c._n 5._o a_o body_n politic_a may_v make_v a_o lease_n but_o not_o without_o writing_n 42._o writing_n bro._n lease_n 32._o 42._o as_o also_o he_o who_o have_v a_o freehold_n 4._o freehold_n id._n ib._n 4._o or_o a_o lease_n provide_v he_o exceed_v not_o his_o term_n and_o guardian_n until_o their_o pupil_n and_o ward_n come_v to_o age_n 6._o he_o that_o have_v a_o fee-simple_n in_o his_o own_o right_n may_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o as_o many_o year_n as_o he_o please_v provide_v it_o be_v not_o to_o a_o body_n politic_a lest_o by_o exceed_v it_o seem_v a_o demise_n in_o mortmain_n 47._o mortmain_n bro._n ib._n 47._o he_o who_o have_v a_o fee-tail_n in_o his_o own_o or_o fee-simple_n in_o another_o right_n viz._n either_o in_o the_o right_n of_o a_o church_n or_o of_o his_o wife_n be_v tie_v a_o little_a more_o strict_o for_o that_o they_o can_v lease_v land_n by_o a_o new_a lease_n which_o be_v already_o let_v for_o above_o the_o term_n of_o a_o year_n nor_o any_o which_o be_v not_o usual_o wont_a to_o be_v let_v within_o the_o space_n of_o 20._o year_n past_a nor_o those_o for_o a_o less_o rent_n than_o they_o former_o be_v let_v for_o or_o for_o a_o long_a term_n than_o 21._o year_n or_o three_o life_n and_o that_o without_o permission_n of_o waste_n to_o these_o also_o may_v be_v add_v that_o he_o who_o have_v a_o fee_n in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n may_v let_v it_o joint_o with_o his_o wife_n but_o have_v no_o power_n to_o alienate_v the_o rent_n but_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o his_o wife_n after_o her_o decease_n 28._o decease_n 32._o h._n 8._o c._n 28._o 7._o archbishop_n &_o bishop_n can_v let_v the_o land_n of_o their_o church_n for_o above_o 21._o year_n or_o 3._o life_n to_o be_v account_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n nor_o for_o less_o rent_n than_o it_o former_o go_v for_o nor_o for_o less_o than_o former_o it_o use_v to_o be_v let_v for_o 65._o for_o 1_o eliz._n not_o print_v dyer_n foe_n 145._o n._n 65._o 8._o master_n and_o fellow_n of_o college_n dean_n and_o chapter_n warden_n of_o hospital_n and_o all_o ecclesiastical_a person_n be_v prohibt_v 10._o prohibt_v 13._o eliz._n c._n 10._o to_o let_v their_o church_n or_o college_n land_n for_o more_o than_o 3._o life_n or_o 21._o year_n to_o be_v account_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o lease_n nor_o this_o without_o their_o private_a statute_n permit_v nor_o so_o unless_o the_o lease_n which_o be_v on_o foot_n if_o there_o be_v any_o be_v within_o three_o year_n of_o expire_a 11._o expire_a 18._o eliz._n c._n 11._o beside_o the_o college_n of_o both_o university_n as_o of_o eton_n and_o winchester_n be_v oblige_v to_o take_v the_o three_o part_n of_o their_o rent_n in_o corn_n 11._o corn_n 14._o eliz._n c._n 11._o yet_o be_v they_o not_o prohibit_v from_o let_v free_o those_o house_n which_o they_o have_v in_o any_o city_n burrough_n town_n corporate_a or_o public_a market_n town_n with_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o they_o provide_v they_o exceed_v not_o ten_o acre_n according_a to_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n if_o it_o be_v not_o contrary_a to_o the_o private_a statute_n of_o their_o college_n ib._n college_n id._n ib._n 9_o it_o be_v not_o without_o reason_n question_v whether_o a_o prebendary_a of_o a_o cathedral_n church_n may_v lawful_o let_v part_n of_o his_o prebendary_a procure_v the_o say_a lease_n to_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o dean_n and_o chapter_n without_o any_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n the_o bishop_n be_v both_o patron_n and_o ordinary_a of_o every_o prebendary_a but_o continual_a and_o daily_a custom_n have_v render_v his_o consent_n unnecessary_a and_o useless_a 30._o useless_a dyâ—r_n fol._n 61._o n._n 30._o 10._o those_o who_o have_v benefice_n can_v make_v a_o lease_n for_o any_o time_n long_o than_o they_o reside_v there_o the_o liberty_n of_o be_v absent_a 80._o day_n every_o year_n be_v always_o permit_v they_o unless_o by_o the_o law_n they_o be_v permit_v to_o have_v two_o in_o which_o case_n in_o regard_n he_o can_v possible_o continual_o reside_v at_o both_o he_o may_v let_v one_o to_o his_o curate_n 20._o curate_n 13._o eliz._n c._n 20._o 11._o land_n and_o tenement_n be_v often_o let_v for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n 6._o lessee_n lit._n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o or_o another_o life_n ib._n life_n id._n ib._n or_o for_o more_o life_n ib._n life_n id._n ib._n or_o for_o term_n of_o year_n ib._n year_n id._n ib._n or_o last_o for_o a_o life_n and_o afterward_o that_o be_v expire_v for_o a_o term_n of_o year_n 51._o year_n bro._n lea_n 51._o and_o that_o either_o by_o writing_n or_o without_o ib._n without_o littl._n ib._n nor_o by_o indenture_n only_o but_o by_o deed-pol_n 148_o deed-pol_n f_o n_o b_o 148_o 12._o but_o if_o any_o one_o let_v his_o land_n by_o writing_n or_o without_o not_o mention_v any_o term_n but_o give_v the_o lessee_n possession_n he_o be_v presume_v to_o let_v they_o for_o the_o life_n of_o the_o lessee_n 152._o lessee_n lit._n l._n 2_o c._n l_o blow_n 152._o 13._o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o give_v possession_n to_o a_o lessee_n for_o year_n for_o he_o may_v enter_v by_o virtue_n of_o his_o lease_n unless_o beside_o the_o lease_n there_o be_v a_o grant_n of_o a_o remainder_n to_o another_o for_o life_n or_o in_o fee_n in_o the_o same_o deed_n 7._o deed_n lit._n l._n 1_o c._n 7._o for_o if_o a_o man_n make_v a_o lease_n of_o land_n for_o year_n though_o he_o be_v lessee_n before_o yet_o he_o do_v right_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a land_n by_o this_o mean_n ib_fw-la mean_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la 14._o lessor_n be_v bind_v to_o warranty_n to_o the_o lessee_n for_o the_o lessee_n be_v eject_v before_o the_o term_n end_v may_v have_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o lessor_n 8_o lessor_n f_o n_n b_o foe_o 145_o m_n dier_n 328_o n_o 8_o and_o that_o whether_o he_o be_v disseise_v by_o the_o lessor_n himself_o or_o by_o a_o more_o ancient_a title_n nor_o only_o he_o but_o his_o assignee_n ib_o assignee_n id._n ib_o 15._o but_o if_o a_o three_o person_n eject_v he_o against_o right_n he_o shall_v recover_v damage_n against_o the_o ejector_n ib_fw-la ejector_n id_fw-la ib_fw-la unless_o the_o lessor_n agree_v by_o indenture_n that_o in_o case_n the_o lessee_n be_v eject_v he_o shall_v have_v his_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o he_o id_fw-la he_o id_fw-la id_fw-la 16._o lessee_n for_o life_n by_o indenture_n in_o regard_n he_o have_v a_o freehold_n shall_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o covenant_n against_o the_o lessor_n in_o case_n he_o eject_v he_o before_o his_o term_n end_v but_o a_o assize_n ib._n assize_n id._n ib._n 17._o where_o a_o lease_n be_v but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o so_o from_o year_n to_o year_n the_o lessor_n can_v eject_v the_o lessee_n at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o term_n nor_o can_v the_o lessee_n go_v out_o against_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lessor_n for_o whosoever_o of_o they_o will_v recede_v from_o the_o agreement_n aught_o to_o give_v the_o other_o warning_n 22._o warning_n bro._n lease_n 13._o 22._o 18._o lessor_n can_v remove_v his_o tenant_n at_o will_n so_o as_o to_o hinder_v he_o from_o take_v the_o profit_n of_o his_o seed_n or_o corn_n sow_v or_o without_o grant_v he_o convenient_a time_n to_o remove_v his_o household_n stuff_n because_o the_o time_n be_v well_o enough_o force-seen_a and_o know_v to_o he_o ib._n
satisfy_v west_n simb_v part_n 1._o l._n 2._o sec._n 149._o 23._o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o &_o 37._o h._n 8._o c._n 9_o coo._n l._n 3._o herbert_n case_n fol._n 11_o 12._o 5._o a_o statute_n merchant_n be_v a_o obligation_n in_o writing_n seal_v and_o enroll_v or_o upon_o record_n as_o we_o say_v witness_v the_o debtor_n to_o owe_v unto_o the_o creditor_n such_o a_o sum_n this_o be_v acknowledge_v before_o such_o person_n as_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o statute_n as_o clerk_n who_o from_o their_o office_n be_v call_v clerk_n of_o the_o statute_n merchant_n the_o mayor_n principal_a guardian_n of_o london_n or_o two_o merchant_n 〈◊〉_d the_o same_o city_n especial_o appoint_v or_o else_o the_o mayor_n recorder_n and_o other_o fit_a man_n of_o other_o city_n or_o burrough_n which_o have_v this_o power_n and_o they_o be_v seal_v both_o with_o the_o scale_n of_o the_o debtor_n and_o of_o the_o king_n for_o the_o king_n have_v a_o special_a seal_n for_o this_o purpose_n divide_v into_o two_o equal_a part_n whereof_o the_o one_o which_o be_v least_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o care_n and_o custody_n of_o the_o clerk_n of_o the_o statute_n the_o other_o to_o the_o mayor_n or_o guardian_n the_o body_n of_o the_o debtor_n be_v liable_a to_o be_v take_v upon_o execution_n of_o this_o obligation_n if_o he_o be_v a_o layman_n and_o can_v be_v apprehend_v but_o if_o he_o be_v not_o or_o can_v be_v take_v within_o 3_o month_n to_o make_v satisfaction_n his_o good_n and_o land_n be_v liable_a 12._o liable_a west_n ib._n sec_fw-la 151._o 13._o e._n 1._o st_o 3._o 5._o h._n 4._o c._n 12._o but_o if_o the_o debtor_n be_v in_o prison_n the_o creditor_n must_v afford_v he_o bread_n and_o water_n 15._o water_n f._n n._n b._n 116_o o._n &_o 133._o c._n 13._o e._n 1._o stat._n 3._o broo._n stat._n 15._o 6._o a_o statute_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v double_a one_o proper_o so_o call_v the_o other_o improper_o that_o which_o be_v proper_o so_o call_v be_v a_o obligation_n enrol_v or_o record_v which_o be_v acknowledge_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o mayor_n and_o of_o one_o or_o two_o of_o the_o constable_n and_o seal_v by_o he_o now_o by_o force_n of_o this_o obligation_n if_o the_o debtor_n make_v default_n in_o payment_n the_o creditor_n by_o authority_n of_o the_o praetor_n seize_v and_o detain_v the_o body_n land_n and_o good_n of_o the_o debtor_n until_o he_o be_v satisfy_v provide_v he_o be_v find_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o staple_n or_o that_o his_o good_n may_v be_v take_v but_o if_o neither_o his_o body_n nor_o sufficient_a of_o good_n be_v find_v there_o the_o chancellor_n of_o england_n upon_o certificate_n of_o the_o business_n unâ—er_v the_o seal_n of_o the_o mayor_n decree_v further_a that_o both_o his_o body_n and_o good_n wheresoever_o they_o â—e_v find_v shall_v be_v take_v and_o his_o land_n extend_v until_o satisfaction_n make_v 9_o make_v west_n ib._n sec_fw-la 173._o 27._o ed._n 3._o st._n 2._o c._n 9_o 7._o that_o which_o be_v improper_o call_v a_o statute_n of_o the_o staple_n be_v a_o obligation_n acknowledge_v before_o either_o of_o the_o chief_a justice_n or_o in_o their_o absence_n before_o the_o mayor_n of_o the_o staple_n of_o westminster_n and_o the_o recorder_n of_o london_n and_o it_o have_v the_o same_o force_n in_o execution_n as_o the_o other_o but_o it_o be_v call_v so_o improper_o because_o it_o be_v not_o only_o use_v as_o the_o other_o among_o merchant_n but_o according_a to_o that_o example_n among_o all_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n 6._o england_n west_n ib._n sec_fw-la 55._o 23._o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o 8._o it_o have_v be_v often_o question_v whether_o that_o little_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o we_o call_v a_o tally_n with_o a_o obligation_n write_v upon_o it_o and_o seal_v with_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o debtor_n may_v be_v call_v a_o obligation_n in_o writing_n but_o because_o letter_n write_v in_o wood_n may_v be_v easy_o race_v out_o and_o alter_v it_o be_v resolve_v unfit_a to_o allow_v and_o open_v so_o apparent_a a_o way_n to_o deceit_n l._n deceit_n bro._n oblige_v 80._o f._n n._n b._n fol._n 121._o l._n 9_o these_o conventional_a obligation_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o first_o person_n those_o which_o be_v in_o the_o three_o be_v of_o no_o force_n though_o some_o will_v have_v these_o be_v make_v among_o clerk_n in_o other_o nation_n beyond_o sea_n valid_a 65._o valid_a 38._o e._n 3._o c._n 4_o bro._n oblige_v 51._o 65._o 10._o among_o those_o obligation_n in_o writing_n which_o we_o call_v faits_fw-fr or_o deed_n there_o be_v some_o thing_n so_o essential_a that_o a_o obligation_n can_v be_v good_a without_o they_o other_o thing_n less_o necessary_a and_o essential_a of_o the_o first_o sort_n be_v write_v in_o paper_n or_o parchment_n of_o the_o second_o indite_v and_o form_n the_o omission_n of_o which_o do_v not_o invalidate_v the_o obligation_n 26._o obligation_n coo._n l._n 2._o godward_o caâ—_n fol._n 5._o dyer_n sol_fw-mi 192._o n._n 26._o of_o obligation_n make_v by_o consent_n tit._n xxiii_o obligation_n be_v not_o only_o by_o writing_n and_o word_n but_o by_o consent_n as_o in_o contract_n which_o be_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la namely_o bargain_n and_o sales_n lend_n and_o borrow_n partnership_n and_o hiring_n wherefore_o these_o kind_n of_o obligation_n be_v term_v contract_n by_o consent_n in_o regard_n write_v and_o presence_n be_v not_o always_o necessary_a 9_o necessary_a glan_n l._n 10._o c._n 14._o brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c_o 2_o n._n 9_o 1._o we_o must_v not_o here_o omit_v that_o our_o ancient_a lawyer_n call_v those_o obligation_n which_o be_v contract_v by_o the_o thing_n word_n and_o write_n or_o consent_v not_o so_o much_o contract_v as_o the_o compleating_n and_o perfecting_n of_o contract_n to_o which_o they_o add_v livery_n and_o join_v 28._o join_v brac._n l._n 3._o tr_fw-la 1._o c._n 2._o n._n 1._o brit_n c._n 28._o that_o be_v a_o accumulation_n of_o agreement_n or_o add_v agreement_n to_o agreement_n 60._o agreement_n flet._n l._n 2._o c._n 60._o for_o a_o contract_n can_v be_v without_o consent_n and_o therefore_o possible_a it_o be_v for_o that_o reason_n the_o other_o form_n be_v rather_o ornament_n and_o compleating_n because_o the_o consent_n be_v chief_o material_a and_o be_v in_o all_o as_o giving_z be_v to_o a_o contract_n and_o something_o more_o wherein_o the_o consent_n be_v declare_v and_o prove_v 2._o we_o have_v speak_v susticient_o before_o of_o livery_n the_o join_v which_o we_o here_o intend_v be_v where_o many_o agreement_n for_o one_o and_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v reduce_v into_o one_o covenant_n for_o many_o agreement_n and_o part_n may_v be_v reduce_v into_o one_o covenant_n as_o well_o as_o many_o thing_n 11._o thing_n brit._n ib._n brac._n ib._n n._n 11._o of_o bargain_n and_o sale_n tit._n xxiv_o bargain_n and_o sale_n be_v where_o there_o be_v a_o agreement_n concern_v a_o price_n between_o the_o contracter_n there_o be_v something_o receive_v by_o the_o buyer_n by_o way_n of_o earnest_n that_o be_v a_o agreement_n of_o the_o bargain_n and_o sale_n contract_v unless_o there_o be_v a_o day_n give_v for_o payment_n in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a 60._o necessary_a bro._n cont._n 15._o &_o action_n sur_fw-fr le_fw-fr case_n 60._o but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o write_n intervening_a the_o bargain_n and_o sale_n can_v be_v perfect_a unless_o it_o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o party_n and_o absolute_a and_o where_o there_o be_v neither_o writing_n intervening_a nor_o any_o delivery_n follow_v they_o be_v at_o liberty_n and_o the_o contractor_n may_v without_o penalty_n recede_v 58._o recede_v glan_n l._n 10._o c._n 14._o brac._n l._n 2._o c._n 27._o n._n 1._o flet_n l._n 2._o c._n 58._o but_o if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n give_v by_o way_n of_o earnest_a before_o any_o delivery_n and_o the_o buyer_n repent_v of_o his_o bargain_n so_o that_o he_o desire_v to_o recede_v he_o shall_v loose_v what_o he_o give_v and_o in_o case_n the_o vender_n repent_v he_o shall_v make_v restitution_n double_a 2._o double_a glan_n ib._n &_o brac._n ib._n n._n 2._o but_o if_o the_o price_n be_v pay_v or_o part_n of_o it_o and_o delivery_n follow_v the_o bargain_n and_o sale_n shall_v be_v perfect_a not_o can_v either_o party_n recede_v under_o pretence_n of_o nonpayment_n of_o the_o price_n in_o part_n or_o in_o the_o whole_a but_o the_o vendor_n may_v have_v his_o action_n and_o recover_v what_o be_v want_v of_o the_o price_n but_o not_o the_o thing_n itself_o ib._n itself_o id._n ib._n 1._o now_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o the_o thing_n sell_v be_v certain_a or_o reducible_a to_o certainty_n and_o a_o certain_a price_n agree_v upon_o for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o bargain_n without_o a_o price_n certain_a nor_o can_v demand_v