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england_n according_a law_n parliament_n 2,488 5 6.5410 4 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A07158 A defence of the honorable sentence and execution of the Queene of Scots exempled with analogies, and diuerse presidents of emperors, kings, and popes: with the opinions of learned men in the point, and diuerse reasons gathered foorth out of both lawes ciuill and canon, together with the answere to certaine obiections made by the fauourites of the late Scottish Queene. 1587 (1587) STC 17566.3; ESTC S108326 51,432 108

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from_o she_o to_o the_o queen_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n allow_v and_o give_v she_o assent_v to_o the_o same_o nevertheless_o after_o the_o make_n of_o this_o act_n and_o her_o say_a consent_n give_v thereunto_o the_o monstrous_a conspiracy_n of_o babington_n by_o her_o privy_a consent_n and_o promise_v of_o reward_n for_o the_o murder_a of_o her_o majesty_n sacred_a person_n and_o atcheive_v the_o crown_n and_o diadem_n in_o full_a possession_n be_v practise_v and_o miraculous_o discover_v which_o i_o need_v not_o here_o particular_o to_o deduce_v since_o there_o be_v a_o most_o honourable_a sentence_n give_v thereof_o by_o the_o most_o part_n and_o the_o most_o ancient_a of_o the_o nobility_n since_o their_o proceed_n be_v declare_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o realm_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n &_o of_o they_o receive_v all_o allowance_n since_o both_o the_o house_n often_o sue_v unto_o her_o majesty_n that_o according_a to_o law_n justice_n may_v be_v administer_v 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the_o same_o in_o a_o other_o princess_n come_v into_o any_o foreign_a country_n if_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n shall_v come_v into_o france_n although_o perhaps_o the_o french_a king_n may_v take_v he_o for_o his_o brother_n in_o the_o sense_n of_o the_o poet_n fratrum_fw-la concordia_fw-la rara_fw-la yet_o i_o doubt_v he_o will_v not_o take_v he_o there_o for_o his_o fellow_n dutiess_n lucan_n tully_n in_o his_o book_n of_o dutiess_n omnisque_fw-la potestas_fw-la impatiens_fw-la consortis_fw-la erit_fw-la there_o be_v no_o kingdom_n that_o will_v abide_v a_o copartner_n judicum_fw-la d_o d_o in_o l._n est_fw-la receptum_fw-la f._n de_fw-fr iurisd_v omnium_fw-la judicum_fw-la and_o as_o tully_n say_v nulla_fw-la side_n nec_fw-la sancta_fw-la societas_fw-la regni_fw-la est_fw-la there_o can_v be_v no_o firm_a faith_n nor_o holy_a society_n of_o a_o kingdom_n over_o and_o above_o that_o every_o prince_n in_o his_o own_o principality_n be_v the_o great_a ob_v c_o come_v inferior_a de_fw-la maior_fw-la &_o ob_v and_o it_o be_v a_o infallible_a rule_n that_o every_o king_n out_o of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n be_v no_o more_o but_o a_o private_a person_n xcij_o lapus_n in_o allegat_fw-la xcij_o prese_n say_v paulus_n in_o suae_fw-la provinciae_fw-la homines_fw-la tantùm_fw-la imperium_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la dum_fw-la in_o provincia_fw-la est_fw-la presidis_fw-la i._o prese_n f._n de_fw-la officio_fw-la presidis_fw-la nam_fw-la si_fw-la excesserit_fw-la privatus_fw-la est_fw-la a_o precedent_n have_v sovereignty_n only_o upon_o the_o subject_n of_o his_o own_o province_n and_o that_o while_o he_o be_v within_o his_o province_n but_o if_o he_o go_v forth_o of_o it_o he_o be_v a_o private_a person_n upon_o the_o conclusion_n of_o which_o law_n there_o grow_v amongst_o the_o learned_a this_o question_n c._n baratolus_n lib._n 12._o de_fw-la dignitatibus_fw-la c._n whether_o a_o king_n pass_v through_o or_o resiant_a in_o another_o king_n realm_n and_o dominion_n 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will_n and_o confer_v order_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o another_o bishop_n because_o the_o same_o be_v iurisdictionis_fw-la voluntariae_fw-la of_o a_o jurisdiction_n voluntary_a but_o that_o a_o king_n in_o another_o king_n dominion_n or_o a_o bishop_n in_o the_o diocese_n of_o another_o bishop_n have_v merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la or_o sovereignty_n that_o can_v never_o be_v show_v but_o the_o quite_o contrary_a neither_o only_a be_v every_o one_o in_o his_o own_o territory_n chief_a and_o great_a than_o a_o other_o who_o in_o other_o respect_v notwithstanding_o be_v many_o way_n great_a than_o himself_o but_o also_o he_o may_v punish_v there_o such_o a_o person_n great_a than_o himself_o offend_v in_o his_o territory_n insomuch_o that_o a_o archbishop_n by_o a_o bishop_n in_o the_o bishop_n own_o territory_n a_o emperor_n by_o a_o king_n in_o a_o king_n dominion_n and_o country_n and_o a_o king_n by_o a_o magistrate_n of_o a_o free_a city_n may_v there_o be_v punish_v for_o his_o offence_n neither_o do_v the_o rule_n par_fw-fr in_fw-la parem_fw-la take_v any_o place_n
marie_n and_o other_o her_o confederate_n have_v many_o time_n do_v before_o elizabeth_n in_o the_o parliament_n hold_v 13._o elizabeth_n and_o therefore_o she_o have_v be_v in_o the_o high_a court_n of_o parliament_n condemn_v to_o die_v many_o year_n past_a but_o that_o her_o majesty_n of_o her_o singular_a and_o great_a clemency_n spare_v to_o give_v she_o assent_v thereunto_o and_o of_o late_a again_o upon_o a_o other_o horrible_a conspiracy_n there_o be_v by_o the_o chief_a lord_n and_o judge_n of_o this_o realm_n sentence_n give_v against_o she_o proclamation_n thereupon_o and_o due_a execution_n respective_o make_v according_a to_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o the_o xxvii_o year_n of_o her_o majesty_n reign_n the_o third_o chapter_n contain_v certain_a president_n of_o sundry_a emperor_n and_o king_n which_o have_v put_v other_o prince_n unto_o death_n howbeit_o we_o need_v not_o far_o by_o ensample_n to_o show_v that_o one_o prince_n have_v put_v another_o unto_o death_n yet_o for_o the_o far_a warrant_n and_o quiet_a of_o prince_n mind_n and_o to_o stop_v the_o evil_a speech_n of_o such_o who_o head_n be_v whole_o busy_v in_o prince_n matter_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o unto_o the_o former_a example_n to_o add_v first_o certain_a president_n of_o emperor_n then_o of_o king_n and_o last_o for_o those_o evil_a affect_a sort_n unto_o who_o the_o action_n of_o the_o pope_n be_v their_o best_a instruction_n the_o do_n and_o judgement_n of_o sundry_a pope_n constantin_n so_o much_o renown_v in_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o that_o amongst_o other_o his_o princely_a virtue_n for_o his_o singular_a clemency_n and_o care_n in_o religion_n do_v cause_n to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n not_o only_o the_o emperor_n licinius_n as_o before_o but_o also_o maximinianus_fw-la kinted_a the_o love_n of_o the_o country_n know_v no_o kinted_a the_o elect_a emperor_n be_v detect_v by_o his_o daughter_n wife_n of_o the_o say_a constantine_n for_o a_o horrible_a conspiracy_n against_o her_o husband_n and_o yet_o consider_v constantine_n show_v unto_o he_o all_o duty_n of_o humanity_n and_o courtesy_n in_o so_o much_o that_o he_o marry_v his_o daughter_n &_o receive_v he_o under_o his_o protection_n give_v unto_o he_o all_o princely_a entertainment_n at_o what_o time_n he_o be_v pursue_v by_o his_o wicked_a son_n maxentius_n to_o death_n yet_o consider_v when_o so_o many_o benefit_n of_o this_o emperor_n can_v not_o stay_v he_o bloody_a ambition_n no_o less_o ungrateful_a than_o bloody_a but_o in_o the_o desire_n of_o a_o kingdom_n he_o think_v to_o bereave_v his_o protector_n of_o life_n than_o constantine_n loath_a to_o nourish_v in_o his_o bosom_n any_o such_o serpent_n command_v his_o death_n and_o save_v himself_o an_o other_o like_a example_n be_v that_o of_o rhescuporis_n emperor_n a_o second_o precedent_n of_o a_o emperor_n as_o tacitus_n call_v he_o or_o as_o suetonius_n &_o livy_n thrasipolis_n king_n of_o thracia_n who_o by_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n be_v put_v to_o death_n annalium_fw-la cornelius_n tacitus_n lib._n 2._o annalium_fw-la for_o when_v ras_n the_o say_v rhescuporis_n have_v compass_v the_o death_n of_o king_n cotys_n for_o that_o he_o can_v not_o abide_v to_o have_v he_o comfort_n with_o he_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o thracia_n which_o in_o augustus_n day_n be_v divide_v between_o they_o the_o say_v rhescuporis_n be_v accuse_v by_o queen_n cotys_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o senate_n of_o rome_n for_o this_o his_o villainous_a fact_n in_o destroy_v her_o husband_n where_o he_o receive_v judgement_n both_o of_o deprivation_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o also_o of_o banishment_n but_o assoon_o as_o he_o go_v about_o to_o flee_v from_o alexandria_n where_o he_o be_v confine_v &_o with_o a_o strong_a guard_n honour_v against_o his_o will_n the_o emperor_n tiberius_n present_o give_v in_o commandment_n to_o behead_v he_o blood_n blood_n thirst_v after_o blood_n and_o yet_o the_o say_a king_n do_v never_o practice_v the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n as_o marie_n of_o scotland_n have_v practise_v the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n of_o england_n chronicle_n holling_n shed_v chronicle_n and_o that_o since_o the_o say_a marie_n come_v to_o be_v a_o titulary_a queen_n and_o have_v give_v over_o to_o her_o son_n king_n jemie_n to_o be_v the_o only_a and_o absolute_a king_n of_o scotlande_n an_o other_o precedent_n i_o find_v in_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o seven_o of_o that_o name_n emperor_n the_o three_o precedent_n of_o a_o emperor_n who_o convince_a robert_n king_n of_o naples_n and_o province_n of_o open_a rebellion_n &_o conspiracy_n with_o his_o subject_n against_o his_o person_n and_o empire_n emperor_n peter_n mexia_n in_o the_o life_n of_o henry_n the_o emperor_n summon_v he_o to_o appear_v and_o final_o by_o process_n of_o justice_n give_v sentence_n of_o death_n against_o he_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n death_n a_o king_n for_o treason_n depose_v &_o sentence_v to_o death_n and_o discharge_v all_o his_o vassal_n of_o their_o homage_n and_o fidelity_n that_o they_o owe_v he_o and_o far_o give_v licence_n to_o frederick_n king_n of_o sicily_n the_o say_a king_n robert_n enemy_n to_o make_v a_o conquest_n of_o the_o say_a kingdom_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o his_o son_n thus_o far_o go_v the_o history_n pastoralis_fw-la clementin_n de_fw-fr re_fw-la iudicata_fw-la c._n pastoralis_fw-la howbeit_o pope_n clement_n the_o seven_o in_o his_o clementine_n call_v the_o say_a robert_n king_n of_o sicily_n according_a to_o the_o old_a error_n of_o pope_n siculis_fw-la fazellus_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la siculis_fw-la and_o not_o of_o naples_n according_a to_o all_o old_a writer_n and_o find_v fault_n in_o themperours_n sentence_n about_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v and_o not_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n for_o he_o do_v not_o call_v in_o question_n the_o say_a judgement_n as_o though_o it_o have_v be_v unlawefull_a for_o he_o to_o have_v put_v the_o say_a king_n to_o death_n for_o treason_n if_o he_o have_v be_v find_v within_o any_o of_o his_o dominion_n where_o he_o have_v commit_v any_o such_o horrible_a crime_n against_o he_o but_o in_o that_o he_o do_v cite_v he_o out_o of_o that_o district_n and_o limit_n of_o the_o empire_n to_o wit_n out_o of_o naples_n which_o the_o pope_n call_v sicily_n where_o have_v be_v ever_o his_o continual_a and_o notorious_a residence_n to_o the_o city_n of_o pisa_n a_o place_n just_o fear_v most_o dangerous_a to_o his_o person_n but_o if_o the_o say_a king_n robert_n have_v contrive_v the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n within_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o there_o have_v be_v find_v or_o as_o it_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v use_v in_o criminal_a cause_n have_v be_v send_v thither_o to_o answer_v the_o contempt_n do_v against_o his_o majesty_n then_o &_o in_o that_o case_n pope_n clement_n do_v agnize_v and_o insert_v in_o express_a word_n in_o his_o clementine_n publish_v in_o the_o council_n of_o vienna_n that_o the_o emperor_n may_v have_v sentence_v the_o say_a king_n lawful_o to_o death_n death_n pope_n censure_n in_o what_o case_n a_o prince_n may_v lentence_v a_o other_o lawful_o to_o death_n his_o word_n be_v these_o quòd_fw-la si_fw-la punitio_fw-la criminis_fw-la intra_fw-la districtum_fw-la imperialem_fw-la commissi_fw-la ad_fw-la imperatorem_fw-la forsan_fw-la pertinuisse_fw-la asseratur_fw-la pasteralis_fw-la d_o c_o pasteralis_fw-la verum_fw-la est_fw-la quidem_fw-la si_fw-la ineodem_fw-la districtu_fw-la fuisset_fw-la inventus_fw-la delinquens_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la illum_fw-la de_fw-fr more_fw-it remissus_fw-la wherein_o he_o do_v agree_v very_o well_o with_o the_o civil_a la_o which_o be_v that_o sortitur_fw-la quis_fw-la forum_n tàm_fw-la ratione_fw-la delicti_fw-la quàm_fw-la ratione_fw-la domicilij_fw-la that_o be_v a_o man_n may_v be_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o other_o prince_n jurisdiction_n and_o prerogative_n aswell_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o offence_n commit_v as_o of_o his_o place_n of_o dwell_v the_o discourse_n whereof_o more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o in_o like_a manner_n barnard_n king_n of_o italy_n king_n barnard_n king_n of_o italy_n put_v to_o death_n by_o lewes_n the_o french_a king_n be_v persuade_v by_o the_o clergy_n of_o his_o right_n and_o title_n that_o he_o have_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n levy_v a_o army_n intend_v to_o recover_v his_o right_n and_o to_o destroy_v they_o that_o than_o possess_v in_o the_o kingdom_n but_o in_o the_o first_o encounter_n he_o be_v take_v history_n belleforest_n in_o his_o french_a history_n have_v his_o eye_n put_v out_o a_o while_n be_v keep_v in_o prison_n and_o after_o by_o lewes_n debonair_a king_n of_o france_n and_o emperor_n for_o the_o better_a assurance_n of_o his_o state_n command_v to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n so_o likewise_o conradine_n king_n of_o sicily_n be_v by_o manfredus_n prison_v 4_o collmitius_n lib._n 4_o he_o bequeath_v his_o kingdom_n to_o conradine_n his_o
justice_n against_o she_o a_o confirmation_n by_o many_o reason_n gather_v out_o of_o the_o civil_a and_o canon_n law_n of_o the_o honourable_a sentence_n and_o execution_n pass_v against_o the_o scottish_a queen_n before_o i_o proceed_v to_o the_o instify_n of_o the_o say_a sentence_n and_o execution_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o here_o to_o set_v down_o what_o the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v be_v in_o these_o capital_a offence_n not_o only_o from_o the_o conqueror_n time_n but_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o any_o empire_n or_o principallity_n within_o this_o realm_n &_o search_v what_o have_v be_v write_v herein_o i_o find_v that_o the_o very_a imagination_n and_o intent_n of_o treason_n be_v in_o the_o high_a degree_n without_o overt_a fact_n have_v in_o the_o time_n of_o all_o king_n and_o in_o all_o person_n be_v loss_n of_o life_n and_o member_n loss_n of_o good_n and_o land_n and_o perpetual_a corruption_n of_o blood_n which_o law_n agree_v very_o well_o &_o seem_v to_o have_v commencement_n and_o beginning_n from_o a_o civil_a constitution_n make_v by_o the_o famous_a emperor_n arcadius_n and_o honorius_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n god_n 3_o 8_o 9_o the_o effect_n of_o which_o law_n for_o the_o matter_n in_o question_n follow_v matestatis_fw-la l._n quisquis_fw-la c._n ad_fw-la l_o julian_n matestatis_fw-la quisquis_fw-la de_fw-fr niece_n principis_fw-la eorumque_fw-la qui_fw-la consilijs_fw-la principis_fw-la intersunt_fw-la etc._n etc._n cogitaverit_fw-la eadem_fw-la enim_fw-la severitate_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la sceleris_fw-la qua_fw-la effectum_fw-la puniri_fw-la iura_fw-la voluerunt_fw-la ipse_fw-la quidem_fw-la ut_fw-la maiestatis_fw-la reus_fw-la gladio_fw-la feriatur_fw-la bonis_fw-la eius_fw-la omnibus_fw-la fisco_fw-la nostro_fw-la addictis_fw-la whosoever_o shall_v imagine_v or_o intend_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n or_o any_o of_o his_o counsel_n for_o the_o law_n will_v with_o the_o same_o severity_n have_v a_o man_n punish_v aswell_o for_o his_o will_n in_o intend_v as_o for_o his_o fact_n in_o commit_v treason_n he_o shall_v be_v behead_v as_o guilty_a of_o high_a treason_n and_o his_o good_n forfeit_v to_o our_o exchequer_n note_v here_o that_o the_o say_a word_n be_v general_a and_o suffer_v no_o exception_n maiestatis_fw-la l._n 4._o c._n ad_fw-la l._n julian_n maiestatis_fw-la which_o also_o be_v in_o the_o very_a next_o constitution_n precedent_n by_o three_o other_o emperor_n valentinian_n valens_n and_o gratian_n confirm_v where_o they_o use_v these_o word_n in_o sola_fw-la causa_fw-la laesae_fw-la maiestatis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la aequa_fw-la conditio_fw-la est_fw-la nulla_fw-la habita_fw-la militie_n generis_fw-la vel_fw-la dignitatis_fw-la defension_n in_o the_o only_a cause_n of_o treason_n all_o person_n be_v of_o equal_a condition_n debar_v from_o all_o defence_n and_o privilege_n of_o military_a virtue_n birth_n or_o dignity_n and_o as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n be_v general_a include_v all_o person_n whosoever_o so_o be_v the_o selfsame_o law_n general_a because_o it_o receive_v allowance_n in_o all_o country_n and_o in_o scotland_n itself_o where_o the_o civil_a law_n be_v exercise_v and_o in_o that_o regard_n may_v be_v call_v ius_n gentium_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nation_n quia_fw-la eo_fw-la jure_fw-la omnes_fw-la gentes_fw-la utuntur_fw-la because_o in_fw-la all_o nation_n the_o same_o law_n and_o penalty_n for_o treason_n be_v use_v wherein_o the_o scottish_a queen_n can_v not_o pretend_v ignorance_n see_v it_o be_v the_o law_n of_o her_o own_o country_n and_o the_o law_n of_o all_o the_o world_n and_o see_v she_o confess_v her_o presciencie_n &_o knowledge_n thereof_o as_o also_o of_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o same_o effect_n the_o seven_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o her_o majesty_n reign_n discover_v in_o her_o letter_n to_o babington_n that_o if_o her_o conspiracy_n be_v know_v to_o her_o majesty_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o that_o queen_n to_o enclose_v she_o in_o some_o hole_n forth_o of_o which_o she_o shall_v not_o escape_v if_o so_o be_v she_o do_v not_o use_v she_o worse_o as_o though_o she_o have_v say_v the_o heinousness_n of_o her_o desert_n and_o penalty_n of_o the_o law_n do_v inflict_v a_o great_a punishment_n on_o she_o than_o be_v keep_v close_a prisoner_n which_o she_o further_o confess_v in_o plain_a word_n in_o her_o letter_n to_o mendoza_n the_o spanish_a ambassador_n let_v this_o be_v keep_v secret_a forasmuch_o as_o if_o it_o come_v to_o be_v reveal_v it_o shall_v be_v in_o france_n the_o loss_n of_o my_o dower_n in_o scotland_n a_o clear_a breach_n with_o my_o some_o and_o in_o this_o country_n my_o total_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n and_o the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o say_v xxvij_o year_n of_o her_o majesty_n reign_n do_v not_o alter_v the_o substance_n of_o the_o offence_n in_o treason_n or_o make_v it_o more_o grievous_a or_o prejudicial_a than_o it_o be_v before_o but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o her_o 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hear_v that_o principal_o allege_v for_o a_o excuse_n that_o she_o be_v a_o absolute_a queen_n and_o therefore_o in_o her_o person_n not_o to_o be_v impeach_v as_o though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v justify_v by_o any_o law_n in_o the_o world_n for_o a_o queen_n to_o contrive_v the_o death_n of_o a_o other_o queen_n and_o that_o which_o be_v most_o treacherous_a in_o her_o own_o kingdom_n or_o that_o a_o king_n or_o queen_n come_v forth_o of_o her_o own_o realm_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o dominion_n of_o a_o other_o king_n or_o queen_n may_v there_o do_v what_o they_o listen_v without_o controlment_n under_o colour_n of_o their_o kingly_a prerogative_n and_o although_o i_o shall_v grant_v that_o she_o be_v a_o absolute_a queen_n and_o in_o respect_n thereof_o have_v diverse_a privilege_n incident_a unto_o her_o person_n yet_o in_o this_o case_n all_o privilege_n that_o go_v to_o and_o follow_v the_o person_n serve_v in_o case_n of_o treason_n no_o privilege_n will_v serve_v be_v exclude_v quia_fw-la in_o causa_fw-la laesae_fw-la maiestatis_fw-la say_v baldus_n privilegiatus_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la allegare_fw-la privilegium_fw-la a_o man_n privilege_v in_o his_o person_n in_o case_n of_o treason_n can_v allege_v his_o privilege_n and_o this_o be_v a_o most_o general_a law_n and_o all_o person_n whosoever_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o same_o oportet_fw-la l._n q._n in_o provincia_fw-la ubi_fw-la de_fw-fr criminine_a agi_fw-la oportet_fw-la that_o in_o what_o place_n they_o have_v commit_v any_o crime_n there_o according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o place_n without_o regard_n of_o any_o privilege_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v adjudge_v et_fw-la hoc_fw-la ius_fw-la perpetuum_fw-la est_fw-la 1_o l._n edita_fw-la de_fw-la edendo_fw-la c._n 1._o inst_z de_fw-fr satisdat_fw-fr tutor_n parag._n 1_o say_v the_o text_n that_o be_v this_o law_n be_v general_a for_o so_o this_o word_n perpetuum_fw-la be_v in_o the_o civil_a law_n in_o sundry_a place_n use_v and_o in_o this_o 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re_fw-mi iudicata_fw-la d._n d._n c_o fi_fw-la de_fw-fr sore_a competent_a for_o ratione_fw-la delicti-sortitur_a