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A03330 Nevv-Englands plantation. Or, A short and true description of the commodities and discommodities of that countrey. Written by Mr. Higgeson, a reuerend diuine now there resident. Whereunto is added a letter, sent by Mr. Graues an enginere, out of New-England Higginson, Francis, 1587-1630.; Graves, Thomas, enginere. 1630 (1630) STC 13450; ESTC S106176 10,251 28

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Cap and doe weare none at all in the day time and whereas before-time I cloathed my selfe with double cloathes and thicke Wastcoats to keepe me warme euen in the Summer time I doe now goe as thin clad as any onely wearing a light Stuffe Cassocke vpon my Shirt and Stuffe Breeches of one thicknesse without Linings Besides I haue one of my Children that was formerly most lamentably handled with sore breaking out of both his hands and feet of the Kings-Euill but since he came hither he is verie well ouer he was and there is hope of perfect recouerie shortly euen by the verie wholesomnesse of the Aire altering digesting and drying vp the cold and crude humors of the Body and therefore I thinke it is a wise course for all cold complections to come to take Physicke in New-England for a sup of New-Englands Aire is better then a whole draught of old Englands Ale In the Summer time in the midst of Iuly and August it is a good deale hotter then in old England and in Winter Ianuary and February are much colder as they say but the Spring and Autumne are of a middle temper Fowles of the Aire are plentifull here and of all sorts as we haue in England as farre as I can learne and a great many of strange Fowles which we know not Whilst I was writing these things one of our Men brought home an Eagle which he had killed in the Wood they say they are good meat Also here are many kinds of excellent Hawkes both Sea Hawkes and Land Hawkes and my selfe walking in the Woods with another in company sprung a Partridge so bigge that through the heauinesse of his Body could fly but a little way they that haue killed them say they are as bigge as our Hens Here are likewise aboundance of Turkies often killed in the Woods farre greater than our English Turkies and exceeding fat sweet and fleshy for here they haue aboundance of feeding all the yeere long as Strawberries in Summer all places are full of them and all manner of Berries and Fruits In the Winter time I haue seene Flockes of Pidgeons and haue eaten of them they doe flye from Tree to Tree as other Birds doe which our Pidgeons will not do in England they are of all colours as ours are but their wings and tayles are farr longer and therefore it is likely they fly swifter to escape the terrible Hawkes in this Countrey In Winter time this Countrey doth abound with wilde Geese wild Ducks and other Sea Fowle that a great part of winter the Planters haue eaten nothing but roastmeat of diuers Fowles which they haue killed Thus you haue heard of the Earth Water and Aire of New-England now it may bee you expect something to bee said of the Fire proportionable to the rest of the Elements Indeed I thinke New-England may boast of this Element more then of all the rest for though it bee heresomewhat cold in the winter yet here we haue plenty of Fire to warme vs and that a great deale cheaper then they sel Billets and Faggots in London nay all Europe is not able to afford to make so great Fire as New-England A poore Seruant here that is to possesse but 50 Acres of Land may afford to giue more wood for Timber Fire as good as the world yeelds then many Noble men in England can afford to do Here is good liuing for those that loue good Fires And although New-England haue no Tallow to make Candles of yet by the abundance of the Fish thereof it can afford Oyle for Lampes Yea our Pine-Trees that are the most plentifull of all wood doth allow vs plenty of Candles which are very vsefull in a House and they are such Candles as the Indians commonly vse hauing no other and they are nothing else but the wood of the Pine Tree clouen in two little slices something thin which are so full of the moysture of Turpentine and Pitch that they burne as cleere as a Torch I haue sent you some of them that you may see the experience of them Thus of New-Englands commodities now I will tell you of some discommodities that are here to be found First in the Summer season for these three months Iune Iuly and August we are troubled much with little Flyes called Musketoes being the same they are troubled with in Lincolneshiere and the Fens and they are nothing but Gnats which except they bee smoked out of their houses are troublesome in the night season Secondly in the Winter season for two months space the earth is commonly couered with Snow which is accompanied with sharp biting Frosts something more sharpe then is in old England and therefore are forced to make great Fires Thirdly this Countrey being very full of Woods and Wildernesses doth also much abound with Snakes and Serpents of strange colours and huge greatnesse yea there are some Serpents called Rattle-snakes that haue Rattles in their Tayles that will not flye from a man as others will but will flye vpon him and sting him so mortally that hee will dye within a quarter of an houre after except the partie stinged haue about him some of the root of an Hearbe called Snake weed to bite on and then hee shall receiue no harme but yet seldome fals it out that any hurt is done by these About three yeeres since an Indian was stung to death by one of them but wee heard of none since that time Fourthly and lastly Here wants as yet the good company of honest Christians to bring with them Horses Kine and Sheepe to make vse of this fruitfull Land great pitty it is to see so much good ground for Corne and for Grasse as any is vnder the Heauens to lye altogether vnoccupied when so many honest Men and their Families in old England through the populousnesse thereof do make very hard shift to liue one by the other Now thus you know what new-New-England is as also with the commodities and discommodities thereof now I will shew you a little of the Inhabitants thereof and their gouernment For their Gouernours they haue Kings which they call Saggamores some greater and some lesser according to the number of their Subiects The greatest Saggamores about vs can not make aboue three hundred Men and other lesse Saggamores haue not aboue fifteene Subiects and others neere about vs but two Their Subiects aboue twelue yeeres since were swept away by a great grieuous Plague that was amongst them so that there are verie few left to inhabite the Countrey The Indians are not able to make vse of the one fourth part of the Land neither haue they any setled places as Townes to dwell in nor any ground as they challenge for their owne possession but change their habitation from place to place For their Statures they are a tall and strong limmed People their colours are tawny they goe naked saue onely they are in part couered with Beasts Skins on one of their Shoulders and