were peaceably suffered there But when They began to hold other unlawful Assembleis in the publick Porticos of the City though not to worship therein but to sing certain Antiphons which tended to Sedition and unto the disparagement of the Catholicks there arose a tumult thereupon and several were ssain on both sides whereat the Emperor was incensed and suppressed those Meetings as unlawful and such Hymns were interdicted Thus much I find recorded but I do not remember that any of the Antient Emperors did express such a concern for the Church in their Edicts as His Majesty doth manifest in His Royal Declaration viz. that None shall preach what derogates from the Doctrine Discipline or Government of the present Church then which nothing can be more prudential or conducing to the publick tranquility Their Teachers may instruct Their Flocks and those as I may say that are within But not judge those that are without If they do establish their supposed Truths the Contrary tenets fall of themselves and it is a needless if not a seditious attempt to expatiate against the Religion that is National The Sectaries ought to consider the Umbrage they are under and to walk warily upon that account as well as upon this motive that in cases of Treason and Rebellion greater caution is used and less proofs suffice then in lesser crimes They must not only be innocent but free from the suspicion thereof For the consequences of Sedition are so dreadful and horrid that no wise Governor will stay till it manifest it self by open actions but he puts a stop to what hath a tendency that way And if any one shall at any time find Himself abridged in his Liberty for any such misdemeanor He must blame himself and not the State which ought to be jealous of small matters where the Common welfare of the Kingdom is likely to be endangered The precedents which I have alledged for Indulgence conclude nothing in this case for even those Emperors did not esteem Actions un-moral or Seditious to fall under the notion of a Tender Conscience It behoveth therefore All the Nonconformists in common Gratitude to be Civil and Respectful unto that Church whereof their Indulgent Soveraign is a Member It behoveth them in common prudence not to enervate or subvert that Government which protects them It behoveth them according to the common Rules of Christianity to be wise unto Sobriety to walk worthy of that Liberty whereunto they are called As to the Sons of the Church of England I can suggest nothing unto them in this juncture of affairs that is comparable with their own principles The Homily against Contentions is the most perfect Summe of all that can be said about Moderation They profess to gather their Doctrines out of the Fathers And they will never erre at this time in their deportment who shall consult those Oracles Neither will any thing conduce more unto our peace then that our Church conform themselves unto those illustrious and pious precedents which They have transmitted unto Us How to deal with obstinate and condemned Hereticks I am more convinced by S. Hilary then the more modern dictators of Ecclesiastical Policy The former treated the Arians with much mildness and regained them unto the Church without the assistance of the Secular power And there is a great difference betwixt the addresses of the African Fathers unto and for the Donatists and what I can find in the present Incendiaries I dare not be so bitter in my expressions and so uncharitable in my Censures against the Non-Conformists because the Fathers do not allow of it Nor is it consistent with that Charity which thinks no evil nor with the Homily against Contentions whereunto our Clergy subscribes It is there that I read How taunts and Satyrical invectives are forbid It is there that I read How a Scoulder and a Taunter is reckoned 1 Cor. 1. with Thieves and Idolaters We are not to eat with such And many times there cometh less hurt of a Thief then of a railing Tongue for the one taketh away a Man 's good name the other taketh away his riches which are of much less value then his good name A Thief hurteth but Him from whom he stealeth But He that hath an evil tongue troubleth all the Town where He dwelleth and sometimes the Whole Countrey And a railing tongue is a pestilence so full of contagiousness that St. Paul willeth Chrâ—…ian Men to forbear the company of such and neither to eat nor drink with them And whereas he will not have a Christian Woman should forsake her Husband although he be an Infidel or that a Christian servant should forsake his Master which is an Infidel and Heathen so that He suffers a Christian maen to keep company with an Infidel Yet He forbiddeth us to eat with a Scoulder or Quarrel-picker I dare not entertain so severe thoughts against the Generality of the Non-conformists as to say that their obstinacy ariseth from malepertness and a Peevish Humour I allow that they are deluded but S. Salvian tells me that a man may erre with an upright intention and pious designs The Truth is lodged in the Church of England but they think themselves possessed of it The right Worship of God is amongst us but they think their wayes to be right And whatever Impiety they are guilty of they do not esteem it to be such What they are unto us we seem to be unto them And how they shall be judged for their erroneous opinions at the last day He alone knows who is to be their Judge Whence is derived this new mode of rendring evil for evil of cursing them that perhaps do not curse us Doe we think to convert Men by Satyrs or winn upon English Spirits by contumelious language or make men love us by proclaiming them for Hypocrites ungovernable and intolerable Sectaries do we think to reconcile affairs by repeating matters Pardon me ye modern followers of Idacius and Ithacius if I imagine the example of S. Martin to be most authentick in our Church I dare not say that a Belief of the indifferency or rather Imposture of all Religion is now made the most effectual not to say the most fashionable Argument for Liberty of Conscience Because I know that Necessity of State and Salus populi are superior thereunto and much more in fashion And whosoever understands the Controversie must know that there are considerable Arguments for it and 't is a great mistake in History for any Man to say That Toleration after Ecclesiastical Censures are passed is onely cried up by oppressed parties It is an effect of the same Ignorance for any man to say That Toleration is inconsistent with Government That 't is better to abrogate penal Laws then to suspend them in this case I cannot believe that to be the course to ruine the Church whereby it appears to have been setled Neither can I comprehend How the Toleration of numerous
A FURTHER IUSTIFICATION OF THE PRESENT WAR AGAINST THE United Netherlands Illustrated with several SCULPTURES By Henry Stubbe a lover of the Honour and Welfare of old ENGLAND Everard Reidan Annal. Belgic lib. 17. A. D. 1600. Decretum Ord. General advers Groninganos Quod ad pactiones foedus toties ruptum provocarent absurdum nec audiendum neque vitio Patribus vertendum esse quod securitati rerum suarum consulere velint LONDON Printed for Henry Hills and John Starkey and are to be sold at the Sign of the Miter near Temple-Barr in Fleetstreet MDCLXXIII The Contents of the Epistle to the READER THe Reason why this Treatise is called the Apology of the Parliamentarians The Insolence of the Dutch against the Parliamentarians in particular An account of the Loevesteine-faction the powers of the State-holder and Advocate of Holland A Relation of the folly of John de Wit in subverting the fundamental Government of the United Provinces The Contents of the Preface unto the loyal Subjects of His Majesty THe necessity of writing the ensuing Treatise for the full satisfaction of the King's Subjects about the lawfulness of the present War pag. 1 Several just and approved Causes of War which yet His Majesty did not insist upon p. 1 2 A true and full account concerning the true grounds of this War and how it was unavoidable on the part of His Majesty p. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Reasons why the League betwixt England and Holland was not endeavoured nor ought to be renewed after its violation p. 9 10 11 12 13 14 What advise Q. Elizabeth would have suggested in the case p. 15 16 17 Arguments against the Neutrality of England during the War betwixt France and Holland p. 17 Arguments for the English to combine with France p. 17 18 19 Two Objections against the Alliance with France urged by an unknown Casuist and fully answered p. 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 The regard which His Majesty still preserved for the security of Flanders according to the Triple Alliance p. 26 27 The prudence of His Majesty in transacting the League with France with so much Secrecy p. 27 The prudence with which His Majesty penned and signed the Declaration for liberty of Conscience March 15. 1671 2. The parallel proceedings of the primitive Christian Emperors during the fourth Century That 't is the interest of the Church of England that Liberty of Conscience be granted at present That the Christian Church at first was setled by such contrivances as His Majesty now pursues That His Majesty hath in that Declaration provided better for the security of the Church of England than the antient Emperors did for Christianity in their times And consequently the Church of England is in no danger to be subverted by the present Indulgence That the present Indulgence is consonant to right reason of State and not repugnant unto civil Policy or likely to prove destructive to the Government p. 27. unto p. 73 A confutation of some assertions relating unto the Dominion of the Sea tendered to the Parliament in 1640. p. 76 Certain projects of Q. Elizabeth whereby she advanced the Honour and Trade of England p. 83 An Exhortation unto the English to be Unanimous and Couragious notwithstanding the troublesom condition of Europe p. 87 The Contents of the Apology THe Apology of those that were unhappily engaged in the service of the pretended Commonwealth and O. Cromwell for the King's Majesties Declaration and Proceedings against the United Provinces The Congratulation of the Parliamentarians for and their brief vindication of the Declaration of March 15. 1671 2. p. 57 Though the Dutch were Protestants yet this War is lawful p. 58 The Right of the Flagge a just cause of War with the Dutch the demands of the Parliamentarians and the Dutch concessions about it heretofore p. 58. 59 60 61 The English Channel not the sole Brittish Sea p. 61 62 The demands of the Parliamentarians concerning the Fishing the debate betwixt them and the Dutch about the Right of England thereto p. 62 63 64 65 66 The villanous composition made betwixt Oliver and the Dutch about the said Points and against His Majesty p. 66 The King's interest in the English Planters at Surinam afferâ—… p. 67 The Barbarity and Insolence of the Dutch towards the English in the East-Indies p. 67 68 69 A parallel betwixt the indignities done to His Majesty and those put upon the Parliamentarians formerly the defence of the Parliamentarians for their Resentments thereof p. 67 70 The perfidiousness of the Dutch illustrated at large p. 70 71 72 73 74 75 An account of the Dutch Religion p. 75 76 77 The Parliamentarians resolve that no secure peace can be made with the Hollanders except they submit to a Coalition or be reduced to an incapacity of hurting England p. 77 78 An account of the Treaty betwixt the Parliamentarians and Hollanders The States of Holland and West-Friesland confess their errors in fighting against England p. 78 79 The Parliamentarians reply and how they out-witted the Hollanders p. 79 80 The Parliamentarians refuse unto the States General the Title of High and Mighty and they discontinue it p. 80 81 Hugh Peters intercedes for the Dutch the voluntary proffers of the Dutch they amidst their solemn professions of Love unto the Rump perswade Cromwell to depose them and then cheat him p. 81 The Council of State beats the Dutch and makes them proceed by way of Humble Petition p. 82 83 The stark loving-kindness betwixt the Dutch and the Council and their joint concern for the Glory of God p. 84 The Council demands that the Dutch submit unto a Coalition the reciprocal Arguments about it p. 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 The Dutch refuse all Coalition and depart the sense of the whole Nation and particularly of the Fifth-Monarchists concerning them p. 91 92 The distressed condition of the Hollanders their Petition and submissive Memorial unto the Fifth-Monarchists p. 92 93 94 95 The Dutch are hated and scorned p. 96 Effectual projects to curb the insolence of the Dutch p. 97 Cromwell's dissimulation with the Dutch p. 97 98 The Dutch temporise with the Commissioners p. 98 9â—… A Preamble and draught of Articles tendered by the Commissioners 〈◊〉 99 100. 101 The exceptions of the Dutch thereunto their Papers slighted p. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 The Dutch and English do again debate the point of Coalition p. 108 109 110 The Dutch perswade Cromwell to discard the Fifth-Monarchists and to assume the Government their Promises and Submissions unto him p. 110 111 Cromwell betrays the English interest unto the Dutch and yet is cheated by them several times before the Conclusion of the Treaty p. 111. unto p. 117 Both Parties agree to omit the general concernment of Religion p. 117 The Dutch observed not that Peace ibid. A large Memorial penned by the pretended Parliament of the Commonwealth of England concerning the English Rights to
prudence and piety there is not any of their projects no nor all of them summed together which may compare with the Declaration of His Majesty in order to the preserving at present and re-setling for the future the Church of England If the Primitive Emperours did publish their own judgments concerning the Orthodox Church thereby to insinuate unto their subjects which way they wished and desired them to conform their Opinions If they did extend several priviledges and emoluments of Revenue and Legacies unto the Catholicks which the Sectaries were not to receive Behold what His most Sacred Majesty doth declare In the first place We Declare our express Resolution Meaning and Intention to be That the Church of England be preserved and remain entire in its Doctrine Discipline and Government as now it stands Established by Law And that This be taken to be as it is the Basis Rule and Standard of the General and Publick Worship of God and that the Orthodox Conformable Clergy do receive and enjoy the Revenues belonging thereunto and that no person though of a different Opinion and Perswasion shall be exempt from paying his Tythes or other Dues whatsoever Hitherto the Ancient Politicks concur with the modern prudence of His Majesty yet there is this advantage on the part of the Church of England above what the Primitive Christians had that the Revenues of the Conformists are better settled and greater by far then the Nicene Fathers then the Hillary's the Basil's and the Nazianzen's could pretend unto And the power and dignity which our Bishops hold as Spiritual Lords not to mention their influence upon the subordinate Clergy hath nothing parallel to it in the four first Centuries except we should seek for particular instances in Rome and Alexandria Here are no Pagan Pontifices Sacerdotales Agrorum Hierophantae c. to rival much less transcend them No Jewish Patriarchs Primates Archisynagogi c. that equal them in Titles and are to be respected and exempted by Franchisements equal unto theirs The common Schools and Universities are not now as Athens in the time of Nazianzen and generally the Professors and Sophistae devoted to Gentilisme but managed by the Church The Parliament as of old the Senate doth not consist of Paynims or Arians c. Those which sway in our Councils and in the Magistracy are now no such kind of Men as heretofore From whence it is easie to conclude that If the Orthodox Church did advance it self in the Primitive Ages amidst those circumstances there is no fear that the Church of England which takes that Antiquity for its pattern as to Doctrine and Discipline should be ruined amidst much better conditions His Majesty doth further adde That no person shall be capable of holding any Benefice Living or Ecclesiastical Dignity or Preferment of any kind in this Our Kingdom of England who is not exactly Conformable This is conform unto the Presidents of Constantine Theodosius c. who did require an exact Subscription to the Niâ—…ene Council Thus Athanasius and S. Hilary c. urge an unalterable Conformity to the Decrees of the Three hundred and eighteen Bishops at Nice From thence the Fathers never would reeede And when the Emperour Constantius at the Councils of Sirmium Ariminum c. had formed sundry Comprehensional Creeds whereunto both Arians and Catholicks might saving their sundry judgments subscribe the best of the Fathers totally rejected the contrivance and those which out of a desire for the Union of the Church had assented thereunto did soon repent themselves for thereby the Orthodox Church received extraordinary prejudice The Nicene Fathers and the Catholicks seemed to have condemned the practices of their Chief Prelates and of themselves in making so great a Schisme and fulminating out Anathema's against their Brethren for needless words and forms which the Church might want and which they now expunged The Arians triumphed every where as Victors the whole World seemed to follow them and the rest appeared to be justly exiled and scorned who had raised such Divisions and Animosities in the Church and State about Trifles Hereupon the Comprehension was utterly dissolved and never resumed again in old Christendome as the most foolish and impracticable design that could be Upon this precedent did the D. of Saxony rather proceed by a special form of Concord then by any General and Comprehensional course â—…hus did the Calvinists in the Synod of Dort The Romanists in the Council of Trent Q. Elizabeth in her Subscriptions Thus have all wise Princes done except Charles V. who by an ill-favoured Interim tried the other way but with so bad success that 't is no president for His Majesty How Orthodox soever the Novatians were yet were they ranked alwayes amongst the Hereticks and Schismaticks nor did the Church ever project a Comprehension for them It is true the Primitive Emperors did grant them the same priviledges with the Catholicks which I believe did help to continue their Schisme so long But herein the Judgment of His Majesty seems more clear and elevated in that He doth not imbolden any Pretenders unto Orthodoxy to be Schismaticks by communicating with them His publick favours c. equal emoluments with the true Sons of the Church of England As we do now reckon all Separatists whatever under the Name of Non-Conformists albeit they differ as much as Novatians Basilidians and Manichees so did the Antient prudence esteem them all Hereticks and Schismaticks And if the hopes of preferment if the honour of a publick Church be not motives sufficient to make some men Proselytes to the Church of England It is rational to think that the being indiscriminately mixed in such a loathsome company and character may operate upon the minds of many to abate of their preciseness It follows We do in the next place Declare Our Will and Pleasure to be That the Execution of all and all manner of Penal Laws in Matters Ecclesiastical against whatsoever sorts of Non-Conformists or Recusants be immediately suspended and they are hereby suspended His Majesty herein writes after the Copy of the Primitive Times The Penal Laws are suspended the Defaults the Heresie the Schisme are not authenticated The punishment is taken off the guilt is not None is encouraged hereby unto Separation but indulged if he do separate They are still Non-Conformists to the Church of England They are still Recusants as to the Law They may assemble publickly but 't is under this ignominious denomination What power properly belongs to the Church is entirely reserved unto it by His Majesty Ecclesia enim jus Judicii habet Imperii minimè They are Spiritual Fathers and Judges their Authority their Censures are not suspended The Parliamentary and Secular Laws are invalidated for a season which is conformable to the Ancient Proceedings It is not declared that They are not Hereticks or Schismaticks but that They shall be tolerated though such It is one thing to encounter an Heresie or Schisme
Sozomen hist. Eccles. l. 7. c. 2. Socrates hist Eccles. l. 5. 〈◊〉 2. Constant. August Porphyrogennet in excerptisex Jo. Antiocheno Suidas iâ—… vote 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Jac. Gothofredus in Cod. Theod. l. 16. tit 5. lege 4. Sozomen l. 7. c. 2 3. Socrates lib. 5. c. 3 4 5. Jacob. Gothofredus in chronolog Cod. Theodos. A. D. 379. Socrates l. 5. c. 7. Sozomen l 7. c. 2 5. Socrates Hist. Eccles. l. 5. c. 7. Sozomen l. 7. c. 5. Jac. Gothofred dissertat in Philostorg l. 9. c. 19. Sozomen l. 7. c. 7. Socrates l. 5. c. 8. Cod. Theodos. lib. 16. tit 5. lege 6. tit 2. lege 3. Et graves quidem paenas legibus suis adscripsit haudquaquam tamen executioni mandavit Neque enim punire Sâ—…bditos sed terrere tantummodo studebat ut idem cum ipso de Divinitate sentirent Nam illos laudabat qui suâ sponte converterentur Sozomen l. 7. c. 12. Socrates Hist. Eceles l. 5. c. 10. Sozomen Hist. Eccles. l. 7. c. 12. lib. 8. c. 1. Socrates Hist. Eccles. l. 5. 20. Socrates Hist. Eccles. lib. 6. c. 8. Zozomen lib. lib. 8 c. 8. Procopius in Histor. Arcanâ ex edit Alemanni p. 51. Erant quidem Alemanne complures Christianorum Sectae quas vulgò Haereses vocant Manichaeorum Samaritarum c. Sed tamen templa fana ubique locorum possidebant Illa verò praesertim quae Arianorum furori serviebant auro argento gemmisque prâ—…sis lapidilus omni denique divitiarum opum genere incredibiliter abundabant Tho. Rivius in defens Justiaian adu Alemann p. 62. Cod. Theodos. lib. 16. tit 5. lege 21. Jacob. Gothofredus in Cod. Theodos lib. 16. tit 5. lege 39. Cod. Theodos lib 16. tit 1. lege 4 cum notis Jac. Gothofredi Alemannus in Procop. hist. arc p. 56. Jac. Gothofredus dissert in Philostorg l. 10. c. 3. Cyrill Bishop of Alexandria that See being raised â—…nto a Principallity did shut up about the same time the Churches of the Novatians at Alexandria and seized on the Furniture and afterwards confiscated all the Estate of Theopemptus their Bishop Socrates l. 7. c. 7. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Socrates lived in his dayes Jac. Gothofredus in Cod. Theodos. lib. 1â—… tit 10. in Paratitlo Id. Ibid. tit 8. in Paratitlo Athanasius nonaginta per Libyam AEgyptum episcopi in epistolâ ad Episcopos in Africâ P. AErodius Rer. judicat l. 1. tit 6. c. 1â— Quantum inde vulnus aerariis Regis inflictum sit quid attinet dicere cùm res ipsa omni testificatione luculentius clamet Sed vincit amor fidei cupido propagandae pietatis quam sibi cum sceptris prae sceptris commendatam tuendamque suscepit Alex. Patricius Atmacan Mars Gallicus lib. 2. c. 30. Tanta fuit in Theodoricho cura ejus quam non profitebatur ipse Religionis ut optimos ei semper Episcopos daret De quo sic nepos ejus Athalarichus Cassiodor varior l. 8. cp 15. Senatui Urbis Romae Gratissimum nostro profitemur animo quod gloriosi domini avi nostri respondistis in Episcopatûs electione judicio Oportebat enim arbitrio boni principis obediri qui sapienti deliberatione pertractans quamvis in alienâ religione talem visus est Pontificem delegisse ut agnosceretis illum hoc optâsse praecipuè quatenùs bonis sacerdotibus Ecclesiarum omnium religio pullularet Recepistis itaque virum divinâ gratiâ probabiliter institutum regali examinatione laudatum H. Grotius in Prolegom ad Hist. Gotthorum Cod. Theodos. lib. 16. tit 5. lege 26. tit 1. lege 2. Socrates hist. Eccles. l. 6. c. 8. Sozomen hist. Eccles. lib. 8. c. 8. AErodius ver judicat lib. 1. tit 6. c. 15. Salvian de gubernat Dei lib. 5. Vires quae supersunt tempestivè fovendae sunt nè penitùs deficiant In extremis consilia etiam necessitate honesta fiunt ac Sinuanda vela cùm tempestas jubet Omnia maris mala naufragio minora sunt Gubernator ut aureis Curtii verbis utar ubi naufragium timet jactura quicquid servari potest redimit Puteanus in Statera Belli Pacis Alberic Gentilis de jure belli l. 1. c. 10. in commentat de jure belli p. 28. Let our pseudo-politicians mark this and they will find that the Penal Lawes are much better suspended by an extraordinary Declaration then by an Act of Parliament The case of Ship-Money briefly discoursed according to the grounds of Law Policy and Conscience presented to the Parliament Nov. 3. 1640. The ancient strength of Shipping in England heretofore considering the condition of our Neighbors did farr transcend ours of late William â—…ulbeck's Pandects of the Law of Nations c. 4. See the Plea of Chizzola for the Venetian Sovereignty over the Adriatick Sea at the end of the English Selden and 〈◊〉 Archbishop of Jadera in â—…is supplement of the History of the Usâ—…chi Joan Palatius de domin Maris l. 1. c. 8. Joan. Marquardus J. Comitus de jure Mercator l. 2. c. 5. 41. c. Leo ab Aitzma p. 177. Jo. Loccenius de jure marit l. 1. c. 4. 10. Meminerimus etiam atque etiam claudum esse Imperium si non maris sit Imò Imperium maris imperare terrae quoque Alberie Gentilis disput Regal 2. Flores Historiar Radulfus Cestrensis Matheus Westmonasteriensis â—…um oram maritimam praedonibus liberasset Imperium maris populo Romano Restituisset Ex Asiâ Ponto Armeniâ Paphlagonia Cappadociâ Ciliciâ Syriâ Scythis Judaeis Albanis Iberiâ Insulâ Cretâ Bastarnis super haec de Regibus Mithridate Tigrane Triumphavit Plinius nat Hist. l. 7. c. 26. Gambden's Elizabeth An. Dom. 1561. Lord Bacon in his Answer to a Libell published in 1592 c. 7. Id. ibidem c. 2. Stat. de an 2 3 Ed. 6. c. 36. Philippus Honorius Praxis prudentiae Polit. pag. 466. Id. Ibid. pag. 202. Disquisit Politic cas 19. Ibid. Disquisit 41. Machiavel discurs l. 1. c. 8. id Ibid. c. 31. Alberic Gentilis de jure belli l. 1. c. 9. Clapmar de arcan â—…ip l. 4. c. 21. Machiavell disput l. 1. c. 4. Daillè de usu patrum l. 2. c. 6. Chillingworth against Knot ch 5. Sect. 96. Albericus Gentilis de juâ—…e belli l. 1. c. 9. See the Oration and Memorials printed with the Declaration of War 1652. See the Declaration and Anâ—…ers of the Council ofâ—… State â—…652 Adrian Pauw in his Memorial tendered to the Council of State ibid. MSS. Comment of the Treaty and Arâ—…icles betwixt the English and Dutch in 1653. Leo ab Aitzma hist. trac pacis Belgicae p. 841. De mari piscationâ—… mentio fuit de iis ante omnia conveâ—…endum c. Leo ab Aitzma p. 845. This is expressed in his Memorial given in to the Council of State and printed with the Declaration MSS. Comment Leo ab