c. But this is no difficult Business to resolve since they had the publick Faith of the French and Irish Officers which is seldom or never violated in such Cases but all Men during a Cessation are commonly treated with the greatest Civility imaginable Besides which my Lord Lucan and Major General Waughop gave the following Engagement under their Hands as did also the two French Lieut. Generals D'Vssone and De Tessee another in French to the same purpose giving also Hostages for the better performance of all Conditions We the Earl of Lucan and Major General VVauhop whose Names are under-written do hereby promise 1. THat all the Ships that have been furnished by My Lord Lucan and Major-General Wauhop's Engagement for the Shipping Lieut. General Ginckel and that are to transport Troops from Ireland to France â— according to the late Capitulation shall be sent back and return to Cork Kinsale or Waterford without any hinderance or prejudice to the said Ships by any Men of War Privateers or other Ships belonging to the French King or having his Commission 2. That assoon as the said Ships shall have Landed the Irish Troops in France they shall have full liberty to go back for Ireland when they think fit without being hindered upon any pretence whatsoever 3. That if the said Ships do want some Provisions for their Return here into Ireland they shall be supplied with all such as they shall have occasion for at the same Rates they were furnished in Ireland to the Irish Troops for their Transportation into France and what they amount to shall be deducted out of the Money that shall be due for the Provisions that were put on Board the Ships for the said Troops 4. That the Rates of the Provisions that shall be furnished for Transportation of the said Troops shall be paid immediately after their Landing in France or in Bills of Exchange payable at London at 15 days sight And if the Contents of this present Agreement should not be put in execution in all its Particulars or in any one part besides Col. Hugh Mac Mahon Col. Robert Arthur Col. O Gara c. that shall be left in Ireland for Hostages we do engage our Words and Honour that we shall surrender our selves Prisoners of War three months after our Landing in case of Contravention at Whitehall in the Hands of the Secretaries of State In Witness whereof we have hereunto set our Hands this 14th Day of October 1691. Jo. Wauhop Lucan The 16th my Lord Lucan went from Lymerick towards Cork to see things in a readiness for the Irish Transportation and the same day Sir Maurice Eustace 's Major General Talbot's Lord Bedloe 's Prince of Wales 's my Lore Clanrichard 's and Col. Bremingham 's Regiments being joyned they march'd out and made in all only 618 Men. As they march'd through the Irish-Town their men run away by dozens having the way open for them nor could their Officers prevent it by all their Care for they kept the Gates always fast lock'd and yet several from within the Town made their Escapes by swimming the River The 17th my Lord Iniskillin 's Regiment that had been for some time in the County of Clare was mustered beyond the Town and so were some others of them on the 18th and 19th During which time our men were employed in making clean the Irish Town Major General Talmash going often amongst them himself to encourage them to work CHAP. X. The Campaign ended Irish Prisoners of War released some Rapparees lay down their Arms. Proclamations of Pardon to the rest The Ulster-Irish return home with their Cattle The French Fleet arrives in the Shannon Sir Ralph Delaval with a Squadron in those Seas Two Letters from the General to him Some Objections against the Articles of Limerick answered The last of the Irish quit the English Town 120 of them drowned Their Horse ship off at Cork The General goes to Dublin The Recorder's Speech to him Orders for mustering our Army Major-General Talmash leaves Limerick Orders for the Danes to ship off Fortifications at Mullingar and Ballymore demolished A Proclamation The General goes for England The Transport-Ships return from France The late King's Letter to the Irish at their landing Their Reception in France Several desert that were not as yet shipp'd off My Lord Lucan 's Release to the General All the Irish go off except the Hostages The Irish that staid very unruly in their Quarters Orders and Instructions for breaking of them The Oaths taken according to the New Act of Parliament An Order to turn out all Irish Papists from our Regiments Arms and Ammunition sent for England The French Hostages go for France Lieutenant-General Ruvigny lands in Ireland A Proclamation declaring the War of Ireland ended ANd now the Campaign being ended so that no continued Thread of Affairs can be drawn from the Army any thing that has happen'd since may possibly not be so acceptable yet I hope it may not be amiss to give you some slender account how things have gone in that Kingdom since the Siege of Limerick to the time of the Proclamation for the War 's being ended though before I proceed further it will be necessary to look back and bring the Actions done in several other parts of the Kingdom up to the Armies removing from Limerick which indeed may be told in few Words since little of moment cou'd be expected in any other place but where the Seat of War was fixed In the beginning of October Sollicitor-General Levinge and Sir Richard Reves being appointed Judges for the Connaught-Circuit because the Countrey was very indifferently inhabited and not as yet throughly settled Assizes were appointed to be held for this Province only at Mullingar Roscommon and Galway which was done accordingly About 20 Rapparees were killed in the Counties of Waterford and Cork by some small Parties of the Militia and one Whitney with 4 more in his Company were set upon and murdered by a Party of Rapparees as they were going towards the Queen's County though they killed two and wounded others before they were seized And now those loose Fellows seeing how it was like to go with their Party several of them come in under Protection and desire to serve their Majesties abroad when they were out of hopes to plunder their Subjects any longer at home All the Irish Prisoners of War that were in Waterford-Gaol Irish Prisoners of War released being upwards of 200 were set at liberty as they were afterwards at several other Places particularly at Carigfergus where 15 Officers and about 60 private Men had been Prisoners ever since the Rout at Cavan and at Lambay where the Prisoners taken at Ballymore were kept most of this Summer but now were all discharged according to the Capitulation And as the Irish grew weary of their former Courses on that side of the Country towards Dublin or rather being forced to it when they could no longer carry it on so
some of O Donnel's Men then in that Country which was done accordingly There hapned about this time two Violent Flashes of Lightning and Claps of Thunder at Kinsale by the latter of which the Portsmouth Frigatt suffered great damage having her Main To and Main Yard broke to pieces and the Main Mast split for twelve foot downwards breaking throw the Larboard side of the Ship twelve foot in length and did some other mischief tho only one Man was hurt by it Nigh the same time the Officers belonging to the Train of Artillery The Waggoners and others of that Society were broke as being no farther useful in this Kingdom And January 23 being the first day of the Term the The Oaths taken according to the new Act of Parliament Lords Justices came to the Court of King's-Bench and there took the Oaths to Their Majesties and Subscribed the Declaration required by the late Act of Parliament in England as did also several of the Nobility Whence the Lord Chancellor returned to his High Court of Chancery where the Judges of the several Courts Masters of Chancery King's Councel the Lawyers and several other Persons of different Qualities and Imployments took the prescribed Oaths c. For the Act of Parliament being Reprinted at Dublin and spread abroad by the Lords Justices Order and requiring all Persons whatever in any Imployment within Thirty Miles of that City to take the said Oath and subscribe the Declaration before the end of Hillary Term January 1692. and no exception being made or excuse allowed for Men's being Sick or otherwise disabled several were brought up to Town with great difficulty and the Courts daily throng'd 'till the Term was over Great quantities of Wheat and other Grain were ordered from Cork and Kingsale to furnish the Stores of Limerick that part of the Countrey being now very much put to it for want of Bread as being the seat of War this two years past The 25th Colonel Mathew's Dragoons were Shipp'd at Belfast as Sir John Lanier's Horse had been some time before and on the 27th my Lord Portland's Horse were Shipp'd at Passage near Waterford A Declaration was Publish'd by the Lords Justices A Declaration forbidding the buying Debenters or Arrears forbidding any Officer Clerk or other Person whatever belonging to imploy'd in or depending on their Majesties Treasury either by himself or any other directly or indirectly to buy any Arrears or Debenters due to any Officer or Souldier or any other Persons who have been imploy'd in Their Majesties Service during this present War upon pain of losing the benefit of such Contract or Agreement as also of being dismissed their Imployments and of being declared uncapable of being Imployed in the Treasury for the future The buying of such Debenters being adjudged dishonourable to Their Majesties Service and Government and to the loss of the persons to whom the same are payable And nigh the same time another Order was sent Another Order to turn out all the Irish Papists out of our Regiments out Commanding all Colonels and others in Their Majesties Army who had entertain'd any Irish in their respective Regiments Troops or Companies forthwith to dismiss them and not to keep any one Irish Papist under their Command upon pain of having January 1692. such Regiments broke where any such were found A great Frost began January the 19th and is now so violent that Multitudes of the poor People and especially of the Irish perish for Cold The Lords Justices and Council very Charitably order all the Poor then in and about the City of Dublin to be taken up and put into sveral Convenient Houses being in all 640 odd who were provided for with Meat and Fire without which Care several hundreds must have perished in the Streets And yet a great many of them had been so used to that Trade of Begging that the being provided for with Necessaries and Confin'd to a Place was uneasie to them so that several stole out and fell to Begging again But this Charitable Care was not taken in other parts of the Kingdom so that a Man might every where see a great many Objects of Pity and Misery and they continue so to this very day Some time before this the Danes were Shipp'd as is said having four Men of War and 46 other Vessels to Transport them but being driven back by contrary Winds and kept in the Harbour by stress of weather a new supply of Provisions was Ordered them Two Proclamations were Publish'd at Dublin one Commanding all Persons that were not qualified by the Articles of Limerick and Galway which were Noble-Men and Gentlemen who were House-keepers and have Estates of Freehold of one Hundred Pounds a year which by the said Proclamation was declared to be the qualification of the Persons Compriz'd in the said Articles to deliver up their Arms of all sorts before the Tenth of March and if they failed therein to be prosecuted with the utmost severity of Law And whosoever shou'd discover any Fire Arms so detain'd after the 10th of March shou'd have Ten Shillings Reward February 1692. and Five Shillings for every discovery of other Arms to be paid him by the Sheriff of the City or Justice of the Peace to whom such Discovery shou'd be made the same to be repaid by the Sheriff of the County and allowed in his Accounts in the Exchequer And the Persons in whose Custody such Arms are found shall lose the benefit of the said Articles and be bound over to the next Assizes or Sessions which shall first happen And all Persons who had Arms before the first day of November last being not qualified to keep them and shall not give a satisfactory Account how they have disposed of them shall be look'd upon as guilty of a Contempt against the said Proclamation And the Sheriffs of the respective Counties were to give an Account from time to time of what Arms were brought in to the Clerk of the Council or his Deputy And that all Persons that were qualify'd to keep Arms might wear the same without being affronted or have the same taken from them on any pretence each Person was to apply himself to the Lords Justices for a License for that purpose which was to be granted without any Fee or Reward whatever Which Proclamation was to be publish'd three Market-days successsively in each Town in Ireland and then affixed Dated the 4th of February 1691 2. The other Proclamation was to forbid all Justices of the Peace Mayors Sheriffs and other Magistrates whatever to presume so far upon their Authority as to meddle with the Property Right Title or Possession of the Estate or Goods of any of Their Majesties Subjects other than as by due Course of Law they are required or can justifie By which Proclamation some of the Irish that had been wronged were set to rights and satisfied tho' they were not so forward in obeying February 1692. the former in
the General and State being entertained by my Lord Chancellor Porter the Night concluding with Bonefires and other Demonstrations of Joy An Order was directed to Abraham Tarner Esq Commissary-General Orders for Mustering ouâ— Army of the Musters to take a Muster of all their Majesties Forces both English and Foreign now in their Majesties Pay in this Kingdom dated Novemb. 5th by which Muster all their Accounts were to be stated and satisfaction given them for their Arrears of Pay due to them since their first coming into that Countrey November the 9th Major General Talmash who had full Power and Authority to transact all things necessary for the Transporting the Irish and now having seen them all from Limerick Major General Talmash leaves Limerick and the Town put into as good a Condition as the shortness of the time would allow he left the place and went to Dublin and from thence to England Lieutenant General Mackay being ship'd off some Days before And now greatest part of Their Majesties Forces in this Kingdom being at liberty to be imployed elsewhere Orders for the Danes to Ship off as there was occasion and His Majesty giving directions to that purpose the General sent the following Letter To the Duke of Wirtenberg Commander in Chief of the Danish Forces HAving received His Majesties directions for the Embarking with the first opportunity the Danish Forces employed in Their Service within this Kingdom under your Grace's Command I desire that your Grace will please to cause the several Battalions of Foot of the said Forces to March forthwith from their respective Quarters to Cork and Kinsale and Embark there upon such Ships of War and Vessels of Burden as shall be appointed to take them on Board and Sail with them for the Downs where they will receive further Orders from Their Majesties as to their Transportation to Ostend And of this your Grace will please not to fail Given at the Castle of Dublin the 10th of November 1691. Bar. de Ginckell November the 16th my Lord Lisburn's and my Lord Drogheda's Regiments March'd from Limerick lying Encamp'd without the Town ever since the Army lest that place the former went towards Ross and the other towards the North the poor Men enduring a great deal of Hunger and Hardship in so long a March. November the 21st Colonel Byerley's and Colonel Boucour's Regiments of Horse were Ship'd off at Dublin for England and near this time Colonel Gordon O Neal's and Colonel Phelim O Neal's Regiments being Encamp'd in the County of Kerry as part of the Irish designed for France they came over to our side as several others did daily being every Day more and more satisfied with the Indulgence of the Government towards them The 23 d the Barbadoes and Virginia Fleets which came in August and September last Sailed from Kinsale for England under the Convoy of Twelve Men of War but whether they wanted a Wind all this while which seldom happens in that Countrey or that they now took this opportunity of a Cessation others are more Competent Judges than I shall pretend to Colonel Brewer's and Colonel Herbert's Regiments March'd from Galway to Kinsale there to be Embarked And Two French Men of War with some of their Ships of Burden and the last of our Transport Ships in the River being in all Thirty Sail went thence for France November the 25th An Order was Signed for the Demolishing Fortifications at Mullingar and Ballymore demolished the Fortifications at Mullingar and Ballymore the Irish Souldiers Quartered in the Neighbouring Garrisons being ordered to assist when required And several Complaints being made to the Lords Justices and the General of the Irregular and Arbitrary Proceedings of some Officers and Souldiers in their Quarters another Order was Signed for the holding frequent Court-Martials at Limerick Galway and Athlone for the Redressing of such Inconveniencies and satisfying the Parties aggrieved Another Order was likewise Signed to break Six of the youngest Troops of Colonel Woolsley's Regiment according to directions from England The 28th Col. Hales's Regiment of Foot and Col. Langston's Horse came to Dublin in order to be shipp'd for England And now the Danes are got to Cork and Kinsale to be embarked also according to the former Order sent to the Duke of Wirtenberg In their March they committed some Irregularities knowing they were to leave the Kingdom without hopes of ever seeing of it more tho' to do them Justice they behaved themselves more mildly than Northern Soldiers generally do especially at their going off who often prove the Ruine of that Country who employ them And towards the Close of this Month some Ships arrive from England at Sligo with Supplies of Provisions and other Necessaries very much wanted before in that part of the Country December 1691. Tuesday December the 1st Colonel Monopovillon's Regiment of Horse came to Dublin and on the 3 d. Colonel Hales's Regiment set sail for the North of England The Lords Justices and the General being sensible that both the Country and the Souldiers were at a loss by reason a good part of the Money designed for the Armies Subsistence was forced to be given to the Danes the Irish and other Publick Uses they therefore Order a Proclamation to be Published to the effect following Charles Porter Tho. Coningesby Baron De Ginckel WHereas there are several Sums due from the Army A Proclamation to Persons in this Kingdom for their Subsistence in their Quarters as also from the said Persons to Their Majesties for Excise and other Branches of the Revenue which Debts or Arrears the said Persons are not able to pay by reason of the Debts due to them from the Army We do therefore require and authorize the several Collectors of Their Majesties Revenue to give Discharges to all such Persons as are indebted to Their Majesties upon any Branch of the Revenue or to their Assigns for so much of their Arrears respectively as shall be equal to the Sums hereafter certified to them by the Commissioners of Their Majesties Revenue to be deducted and stopt for the said Persons from the Pay of the Army And We do hereby direct the Commissioners for stating the Accounts of the Army to transmit Certificates to the said Commissioners of the Revenue of all such Sums as they have stopt or shall stop from the Pay of the Army writing therein each Person 's Name and Place of Abode for whom any part of the said Deductions have been made and particular Sums stopt for him And for so doing this shall be to the said Collectors a sufficient Warrant and Discharge on their Accounts as also to the said Commissioners appointed for stating the Accounts of the Army a sufficient Warrant Given at Their Majesties Castle of Dublin the Third of December 1691. By Command of the Lords-Justices and the Commander in Chief of Their Majesties Forces Geo. Clarke December the 5th Lieut. General Ginckel being accompanied The General goes
themselves whether of English or Irish Extraction to advance the Power of England in that Kingdom Two main Objections answered Religion in the first place to be taken care of An Invasion from France upon that Kingdom England or Scotland at this juncture very improbable A Remark upon the last that endeavour'd it I Have now given you all that I know of this last unhappy Irish Wars that is fit at this juncture to be sent to the Press And it 's more possibly than some Men will thank me for or yet the following Remarks that I am going to make upon the Affairs of that Kingdom and its present Circumstances upon which if any please to throw away another half Hour tho' they find nothing worth taking notice of Yet I hope they 'll have no Reason to be angry since Opinion in things indifferent is free to all Men And we have no better way to conjecture what may be hereafter than by comparing our thoughts of it with what now is and formerly has been Ireland next to Great Brittain is the greatest Island The Circumference of Ireland in Europe esteemed by Sir William Petty at Ten Millions Five Hundred Thousand Irish Acres and by others at Ten Millions Eight Hundred and Sixty Eight Thousand Acres which they reckon to be above 17 Millions of English Measure 121 Irish Acres making about 196 English and yet Sir William Petty computes the Irish Acres to make not above 14 Millions of English accounting nigh two Millions of Acres in Mountains Bogs Strands and other unprofitable Land a great part of which however is capable of improvement and makes Ireland in circumference almost equal to England Wales excepted The Latitude of Ireland North is said to be parallel with Dumfrese in Scotland and South to St. Michael's Mount in Cornwal its Longitude West to the utmost point of Ire Conaght in the County of Galway and East to the head of Houth The Kingdom for many Ages past has been divided Itâ— Division into Provinces and Counties into four Provinces three of which before that Division were commonly distinct Monarchies and sometimes the fourth which by degrees as the English Interest prevailed were subdivided into Counties of which there are thirty two at this day in all the Kingdom The Provinces are Leinster Munster Conaght and Vlster Leinster has eleven Counties Dublin Wicklow and Wexford on the Sea-side East-Meath West-Meath and Carlow within Land tho' with a corner reaching to the Sea Kilkenny Kildare Kings-County Queens-County and Longford are Inland Counties also Munster has six Counties two within Land as Tipperary and Limerick but Waterford Cork Kerry and Clare all on the Coast Conaght has Galway Mayo and Sligo towards the Sea with Roscomon and Letrim within Land Vlster has six Counties on the Sea-side Fermanagh Donegal London-Derry Antrim Down and Louth and four within Land as Cavan Monohan Armagh and Tyrone In the Year 1151 according to Cambden Christianus Into Arch-Bishopricks and Bishopricks Bishop of Lismore Legate of all Ireland and Johannes Paperon Cardinal Priest according to Sir James Ware brought four Palls from Eugenius the third and held a Synod or Council at Kells as some say or at Mellefort according to others whereat were present the Bishops Abbots Kings Captains and Elders of Ireland when by General consent four Arch-Bishopricks were Constituted Armagh Dublin Cashel and Tuam under whom there were 34 other Bishopricks viz. ten subordinate to Armagh five to Dublin twelve to Cashel and seven to Tuam But now they are reduced to 21 in all and those divided into 2278 Parishes and those in a political capacity have eight that are called Cities Dublin Kilkenny Waterford Cork Cashel Clogher Limerick and London-Derry besides about ninety Boroughs and Corporations As to the Natural Advantages of Ireland many People The Soil of Ireland can confirm what Sir John Davis a Man of Wit Learning and Prudence has writ several Years ago viz. That having been in all the Provinces of that Kingdom he had observed the good Temperature of the Air the fruitfulness of the Soil the pleasant and commodious Seats for Habitation the safe and large Ports and Havens lying open for Traffick unto all the West parts of the World the long Inlets of many Navigable Rivers and so many great Lakes and fresh Ponds within Land as the like are not to be seen in any part of Europe the rich Fishings and Wild Fowl of all Kinds And lastly the Bodies and Minds of the People Endowed with extraordinary Abilities of Nature And however it has become a Proverb in England The Irish no such Fools as the World Commonly makes them to call a dull unthinking Fellow a Man of an Irish Understanding yet for any thing appears to the contrary they have acted a Prudent part for at least these Five Hundred Years nor is their crafty insinuating wheedling way as yet any thing abated and whosoever will look amongst the Natives of that Countrey at this juncture will probably find some Knaves but as few Folls as in any other Kingdom of the World But since I have mention'd so Judicious an Author Sir John Davis his Reasons why Ireland has been so long in reducing to the Crown of England as Sir John Davis I suppose it will not be unpleasant to hear some of his Reasons why it has been so long a time before Ireland was entirely subject to the Crown of England and why the English were more apt to run into the Irish Barbarous Customs and imitate their way of living than on the Contrary As to the first of these he mentions four main defects of the Armies that at different times were sent out of England to Conquer Ireland 1. They were for the most part too weak for a Conquest 2. When otherwise as in both the Journies of Richard the Second they were too soon broken up and dissolved 3. They were ill paid and 4. They were ill Govern'd a necessary Consequence of the former Which Inconveniences happen'd because the King 's of England for many Ages together were generally otherwise imploy'd either in the Holy-Land or in France or in their Wars with Scotland or else in that unhappy fewd between the two Houses of Lancaster and York So that they cou'd neither attend the Irish War in their own Persons nor spare a Competency either of Men or Money to compleat the Work which was only begun in King Henry the Second's days rather by a few private Adventurers than by any thing that had the face of a Royal Army And besides the standing Forces were seldom or never reinforced out of England that is in the times towards the beginning of the English Government only the King's Treasure there was spent and wholly spent in the King's service so that in the Reigns of four successive Kings Viz. Henry III. Edward I. Edward II. and Edward III. between the Receipts and Allowances this Entry is commonly found in the Pipe-Rolls In Thesauro