brought before king Henrie as prisoners ¶ Thus did almightie God grant vnto the king a notable victorie without bloodshed for he lost not a man as for his aduersaries there died in the field not past three score persons This séemeth also to agrée with that which Wil. Malmesburie writeth for he saith that king Henrie with small adoo brought into his hands duke Robert who with a great troope of men came against him then lodging néere the said castell of Tenerchbray The earle of Mortaigne was also taken but the erle of Shrewsburie escaped by flight notwithstanding he was apprehended as he went about to practise some priuie conspiracie against the king ¶ This battell was fought as the same Wil. Malme affirmeth vpon a saturdaie being the daie of S. Michaell In gloria and as may be thought by the prouident iudgment of God to the end that Normandie should be subdued vnto England on that daie in the which 40. yeares passed king William the Conquerour first set foot on land at Hastings when he came out of Normandie to subdue England Neither dooth Simon Dunelmensis varie in any thing from Gemeticensis touching the conclusion of this businesse and the taking of duke Robert These wars being thus finished and the countrie set in quiet which through the méere folie of duke Robert was woonderfullie impouerished the king receiued the keies of all the townes and castels that belonged either to the duke or the earle of Mortaigne and furnished the same with garisons to be kept for his behoofe Hauing thus pacified the countrie of Normandie he came to Bec or Bechellouâ—n where archbishop Anselme then remained year 1107 whome by mediation of freends he receiued to fauour againe and sending him ouer into England immediatlie after followed himselfe Duke Robert being also spoiled of his dominions lands and liberties was shortlie committed to prison within the castell of Cardiff in Wales where he remained about the space of 26. yeares and then died He gouerned the duchie of Normandie 19. yeares he was a perfect and expert warrior comparable with the best capiteines that then liued had he béene somwhat more warie and circumspect in his affaires and therewithall constant in his opinion His woorthie acts valiantlie and fortunatlie atchiued against the infidels are notified to the world by manie and sundrie writers to his high commendation and long lasting praise It is said also that he was after his taking once set at libertie by king Henrie and bound to forsweare the realme of England and Normandie being appointed to auoid within the space of 40. daies and twelue houres But bicause he was perceiued to practise somewhat against the king he was eftsoones taken againe and hauing his eies put out committed to prison where finallie worne through age and gréefe of mind he ended his miserable life ¶ The forme of banishing men out of the realme was ordeined by Edward the Confessor and remained as a law in vse till these our daies for the benefit of them which fled to any church or other priuiledged place thereby to escape the punishment of death due for their offenses By a latter custome it was also deuised that they should beare a crosse in their hand as a signe that they were pardoned of life for the holie place sake where they sought for succour But duke Robert as it should appeere by that which others write found no such fauour saue onlie libertie to walke abroad in the kings forrests parks and chases néere the place where he was appointed to remaine so that vpon a daie as he was walking abroad he got a horsse and with all post hast rode his waiâ— in hope to haue escaped howbeit his kéepers being aduised thereof followed him with hue and crie and at length ouertooke him in a medow where he had laid his horsse vp to the bellie in a quauemire Then being brought backe his kéepers kept him in close prison aduertising the king of his demeanour wherevpon he commanded that the sight of his eies should be put out but so as the balles of them should remaine vnbroken for the auoiding of a noisome deformitie that otherwise would ensue if the glassie tunicles should take hurt In his returne out of the holie land he maried one Sibell the earle of Conuersans sister in Puglia hir father hight Roger or Geffrey as some bookes haue and was nephue to Robert Guyshard duke of Puglia and by hir had issue one sonne named William afterward earle of Flanders whereof God willing line 10 more shall be said hereafter Here must I leaue duke Robert and speake somwhat of Anselme the archbishop who shortlie after his returne into England receiued letters from pope Paschall wherein Anselme was authorised to dispose and order things as should séeme to him most expedient Now whereas the greater and better part of the English clergie consisted of préests sonnes he committed to his discretion the order to dispense line 20 with them namelie that such as were of commendable life and sufficient learning might be admitted to the ministerie as the necessitie of time and state of the church should require The pope also by the same letters gaue Anselme authoritie to absolue Richard the prior of Elie vpon his satisfaction pretermitted and to restore him to the gouernement of the priorie of Elie if the king thought it conuenient About the calends of August in this yeare 1107. the king held a councell of bishops year 1107 abbats and other line 30 lords of his realme in his pallace at London where in the absence of Anselme the matter touching the inuestitures of churches was argued vpon for the space of thrée daies togither and in the end bicause the pope had granted the homages of bishops and other prelats to the king which his predecessor Urban had forbidden togither with the inuestitures the king was contented to consent to the popes will in forbearing the same So that when Anselme was come the king in presence of him and a line 40 great multitude of his people granted and ordeined that from thenceforth no bishop nor abbat should be inuested within the realme of England by the hand either of the king or any laie man on the other side it was granted againe by Anselme that no person elected into the prelacie should be depriued of his consecration for dooing his homage to the king These things thus ordred the churches which through England had bin long vacant were prouided of gouernors which were placed without any inuestiture line 50 of staffe or ring About this time Anselme consecrated fiue bishops at Canturburie in one day archbishop William to the sée of Winchester Roger that was the kings chancellor to Salisburie William Warlewast to Excester Remaline the quéenes chancâ—llor to Hereford and one Urban to Glamorgan in Wales About this season a great part of Flanders being drowned by an exundation or breaking in of the sea
distant as lions leopards lynxes and porcupines His estimation was such among outlandish princes that few would willinglie offend him Murcherdach king of Ireland his successors had him in such reuerence that they durst doo nothing but what he commanded nor write any thing but what might stand with his pleasure though at the first the same Morchad attempted something against the Englishmen more than held with reason but afterward vpon restraint of the entercourse of merchandize he was glad to shew himselfe more fréendlie Moreouer the earle of Orkney although he was the king of Norwaies subiect yet did he what he could to procure king Henries fréendship sending such strange beasts and other things to him oftentimes as presents wherein he knew the king tooke great delight and pleasure He had in singular fauour aboue all other of his councell Roger the bishop of Salisburie a politike prelate and one that knew how to order matters of great importance vnto whome he committed the gouernement of the realme most commonlie whilest he remained in Normandie As well in this kings daies as in the time of his brother William Rufus men forgetting their owne sex and state transformed themselues into the habit and forme of women by suffering their haire to grow in length the which they curled and trimmed verie curiouslie after the maner of damosels and yong gentlewomen insomuch that they made such account of their long bushing perukes that those which would be taken for courtiers contended with women who should haue the longest tresses and such as wanted sought to amend it with art and by knitting wreathes about their heads of those their long and side locks for a brauerie Yet we read that king Henrie gaue commandement to all his people to cut their haire about the 28. yeare of his reigne year 1127 Preachers indeed inueied against such vnseemlie maners in men as a thing more agréeable and seemelie for the contrarie sex Wil. Malm. reciteth a tale of a knight in those daies that tooke no small liking of himselfe for his faire and long haire who chanced to haue a verie terrible dreame For it séemed to him in his sléepe that one was about to strangle him with his owne haire which he wrapped about his throte and necke the impression whereof sanke so deepelie into his line 10 mind that when he awaked out of his sléepe he streightwaies caused so much of his haire to be cut as might seeme superfluous A great number of other in the realme followed his commendable example but the remorse of conscience herein that thus caused them to cut their haire continued not long for they fell to the like abuse againe so as within a twelue moneths space they excéeded therein as farre beyond all the bounds of séemelie order as before ¶ In this Henrie ended the line of the Normans as touching the heires male and then came in the Frenchmen by the title of the heires generall after that the Normans had reigned about 69. yeares for so manie are accounted from the comming of William Conquerour vnto the beginning of the reigne of king Stephan who succéeded the said Henrie Thus farre the succession and regiment of the Normans namelie William Conquerour the father William Rufus and Henrie Beauclerke the sonnes Stephan earle of Bullongne STephan earle of Bullongne the sonne of Stephan erle of Blois by his wife Adela daughter to William Conquerour came ouer with all speed after the death of his vncle and tooke vpon him the line 20 gouernement of the realme of England partlie through confidence which he had in the puissance and strength of his brother Theobald earle of Blois and partlie by the aid of his brother Henrie bishop of Winchester and abbat of Glastenburie although that he with other of the Nobles had sworne afore to be true vnto the empresse and hir issue as lawfull heires of king Henrie latelie deceassed line 30 The same day that he arriued in England there chanced a mightie great tempest of thunder horrible to heare and lightning dreadfull to behold Now bicause this happened in the winter time it séemed against nature and therefore it was the more noted as a foreshewing of some trouble and calamitie to come This Stephan began his reigne ouer the realme of England the second day of December in the yere of our Lord 1135. in the eleuenth yeare of the emperour line 40 Lothair the sixt of pope Innocentius the second and about the xxvij of Lewes the seuenth surnamed Crassus king of France Dauid the first of that name then reigning in Scotland entring into the twelfe of his regiment He was crowned at Westminster vpon S. Stephans day by William archbishop of Canturburie the most part of the Nobles of the realme being present and swearing fealtie vnto him as to their true and lawfull souereigne Howbeit there were diuerse of the wiser sort of line 50 all estates which regarding their former oth could haue béene contented that the empresse should haue gouerned till hir sonne had come to lawfull age notwithstanding they held their peace as yet and consented vnto Stephan But this breach of their othes was worthilie punished afterward insomuch that as well the bishops as the other Nobles either died an euill death or were afflicted with diuerse kinds of calamities and mischances and that euen here in this life of which some of them as occasion serueth shall be remembred hereafter Yet there were of them and namelie the bishop of Salisburie which protested that they were frée from their oth of allegiance made to the said empresse bicause that without the consent of the lords of the land she was maried out of the realme whereas they tooke their oth to receiue hir for queene vpon that condition that without their assent she should not marrie with any person out of the realme Moreouer as some writers thinke the bishops tooke it that they should doo God good seruice in prouiding for the wealth of the realme and the aduancement of the church by their periurie For whereas the late deceassed king vsed himselfe not altogither for their purpose they thought that if they might set vp and creat a king chéeflie by their especiall meanes and authoritie he would follow their counsell better and reforme such things as they iudged to be amisse But a great cause that mooued manie of the lords vnto the violating thus of their oth was as some authors rehearse for that Hugh Bigot sometime steward to king Henrie the first immediatlie after the decease of king Henrie came into England and as well before the archbishop of Canturburie as diuers other lords of the land tooke a voluntarie oth although most men thinke that he was hired so to doo bicause of great promotion declaring vpon the same that he was present a little before king Henries death when the same king adopted and chose his nephue Stephan to be his heire
to haue the gouernement fréelie in his owne hands that he might not be counted prince by permission Herevpon the youthfull courage of the yong king being tickled began to wax of a contrarie mind to his father who suspecting indéed that which chanced to wit least his sonnes yoong yeares not able yet to discerne line 60 good and wholesome counsell from euill might easilie be infected with some sinister practise thought it not good to suffer him to be long absent from him and therefore sent for him who taking leaue of his father in law king Lewes in courteous maner returned and came to his father king Henrie into Normandie who when the feast of Christmas drew néere repaired towards Aniou where in the towne of Chinon he solemnized that feast hauing left his sonne the yong king and his wife all that while in Normandie but sending for him after the feast was ended they went both into Auvergne where being at mount Ferrat Hubert earle of Morienne came vnto them bringing with him his eldest daughter Alice whom king Henrie the father bought of him for the summe of fiue thousand markes that he might bestow hir in mariage vpon his yongest sonne Iohn with the heritage of the countie of Morienne if hir father died without other issue or at the leastwise the said Hubert chanced to haue any sonne lawfullie begotten that then he should leaue vnto them and to their heires the countie of Russellon the countie of Belle as he then had and held the same Pierre castell with the appurtenances the vallie of Noualleise also Chambrie with the appurtenances Aiz Aspermont Rochet mont Magor and Chambres with Burg all which lieng on this side the mountaines with their appurtenances the said Hubert granted to them immediatlie for euer And beyond the mountaines he couenanted to giue vnto them Turine with the appurtenances the colledge of Gauoreth with the appurtenances and all the fées which the earles of Canaues held of him togither with the fealties and seruices And also the fées fealties and seruices which belonged to him in the countie of Amund and in the vallie called Uale Dosta and in like maner the towne of Castellone All the forenamed places the said earle gaue and granted to the said Iohn sonne to the king of England for euermore with his daughter so fréelie wholie and quietlie in men and cities castels fortresses or other places of defense in medowes leassewes milnes woods plaines waters vallies and mountaines in customes and all other things as euer he or his father had held or enioied the same And furthermore the said earle would that immediatlie when it pleased the king of England his people should doo homage and fealtie to the king of Englands sonne reseruing the fealtie due to him so long as he liued Moreouer the said earle Hubert granted to the said Iohn and his wife all the right that he had in the countie of Granople and whatsoeuer might be got and euicted in the same countie It was also couenanted if the elder daughter died that then the said Iohn should marrie the yoonger daughter and enioy all the like portions and parts of inheritance as he should haue enioied with the first Finallie that these couenants grants and agréements should be performed on the part and behalfe of the said earle Hubert both he the said earle and the erle of Geneua and in maner all the great lords and barons of those countries receiued an oth and vndertooke to come and offer themselues as hostages to remaine with the king of England in case the said earle Hubert failed in performance of any of the aforesaid articles till he framed himselfe to satisfie the kings pleasure in such behalfe Furthermore Peter the reuerend archbishop of Tarenfasia and Ardune the bishop of Geneua and also William the bishop of Morienne with the abbat of S. Michell promised vpon their oth to be readie at the appointment of the king of England to put vnder the censures of the church the said earle and his lands refusing to performe the foresaid couenants and so to kéepe him and the same lands bound till he had satisfied the king of England therein William earle of Mandeuill and William earle of Arundell sware on the part of king Henrie that he should performe the articles couenants and agréements on his part as first to make paiment immediatlie vnto the said Hubert of one thousand marks and assoone as he should receiue his daughter he should pay him an other thousand markes at the least and the residue then remaining of the said sum of fiue thousand markes should be paid when the mariage was consummate It was prouided also that the said earle Hubert might marrie his yoonger daughter where he would without any great diminishing of the earledome after the first marriage consummate with the lord Iohn the king of Englands sonne And that if either the said lord Iohn or his affianced wife chanced to die before the consummation of the marriage then should the monie which the earle had receiued be repaied to the king or bestowed as the king should appoint Shortlie after that the parties were agreed vpon the couenants afore cited the marques of Montferrat line 10 one Geffrey de Plozac with his sonne Miles and other Noble men came to the king as ambassadors from the earle of Morienne and receiued an oth that they should see and procure the said earle to performe the couenants and agreements concluded betwixt the king and him When these things were thus ordered as séemed good to both parties for the establishment of the foresaid marriage the king the father and the king the sonne remoued to Limoges whither the earle of S. Giles came and was there line 20 accorded with king Henrie and his sonne Richard duke of Guien concerning the controuersie that had béene moued for the countie of Tholouze dooing his homage as well vnto the father as to the sonne for the same countie and further couenanted to serue them with an hundred knights or men of armes as we may call them for the terme of fourtie daies at all times vpon lawfull summons And if the king or his sonne duke Richard would haue his seruice longer time after the fourtie daies were expired line 30 they should paie wages both to him and his men in reasonable maner Moreouer the said earle condescended agreed to giue yearelie for Tholouze an hundred marks or else 10. horsses with 10. marks a péece Now also whilest the king soiourned at Limoges the earle of Morienne came thither to him and required to vnderstand what parcels of land he would assigne vnto his sonne Iohn Wherevpon the king resolued to allot vnto him the chappell of Chinon Lodun and Mirabell whereby he offended his line 40 eldest sonne the yoong king as after may appeare who was glad to haue occasion whome the poets faine to be bald behind and hairie before as this
their churches were occupied by incumbents that were strangers promoted by the popes and their legats who neither instructed the people nor could well speake anie more English than that which serued for the collection of their tithes in somuch that for the insolencie of such imcumbents as well the Noble men and those of good reputation as other of the meaner sort by an vndiscréet presumption attempted a disorderlie redresse confederating themselues togither and taking vpon them to write and direct their letters vnto bishops and chapters commanding them by waie of inhibition not to séeme to interrupt those that should seize vpon the beneficed strangers or vpon their reuenues They also tooke vpon them to write vnto such religious men and others which were farmers vnto anie of those strangers forbidding them to stand accountable vnto the said strangers but to reteine the rents and profits in their hands to answer the same vnto such as they should appoint for the receipt therof The superscription of their letters was this ¶ Tali episcopo tali capitulo vniuersitas eorum qui magis volunt mori quà m à Romanis confundi salutem That is to say To such a bishop and chapter all those which had rather die than be confounded by the Romans send greeting In the seale wherewith the said letters were sealed were two swords ingrauen This matter went so farre foorth that thâ—â—e were sundrie persons armed and disguised like mummers which enterprised not onelie to take diuerse of those strangers that were beneficed men but also came to their barnes threshed vp their graine and either made sale therof or gaue it awaie for God his sake shewing counterfeited letters vnder the kings seale which they had procured for their warrant as they did pretend At length the pope vpon complaint made vnto him of such violent doings wrote to king Henrie blaming him not a little for suffering such disorders to be committed within his realme commanding him vpon paine of excommunication to cause a diligent inquirie to be had of the offendors and to sée them sharpelie punished to the example of others Moreouer he sent letters to the bishop of Winchester and to the abbat of saint Edmundsburie to make the like inquisition and to accurse all those that should be found culpable within the south parts of England as he did to the archbishop of Yorke to the bishop of Durham and to an Italian named Iohn a canon of Yorke to doo the like in the north parts so that the offendors should remaine accursed till they came to Rome there to fetch their absolution Herevpon therefore a generall inquisition was taken as well by the king as by the bishops and manie found guiltie some in fact and some in consent amongst which number there were both bishops and chapleins to the king with archdeacons and deanes knights and manie of the laitie There were some shiriffes and batliffes also which by the kings commandement were arrested and put in prison and diuerse of all sorts did kéepe themselues out of the waie and would not as yet be â—ound In like maner Hâ—beit earle of Kent lord cheefe iustice was accused to be chiefe transgressour in this matter as he that had giuen foorth the kings letters patents to those disguised and maâ—â—ing threshers who had taken vpon them so to sequester other mens goods whereto they had no right There came also to the king one sir Robert de Twing a knight of the north parts which named himselfe William Wetherso and had led about a companie of the foresaid maskers profesâ—ing that he had doone it vpon iust cause to be reuenged vpon the Romans which went about by sentence of the pope and manifest fraud to spoile him of the parsonage of a certeine church which he held and therfore he said he had rather stand accursed without iust cause for a time â—â—an to lose his benefice without due iudgement Howbeit the king and the other commissioners counseled him in the end to go to Rome to purchase his absolution sith he was fallen in danger of excommunication and there to sue for his pardon in the popes consistorie And to incourage him the better so to doo the king wrote also in his fauour to the pope testifieng the right which he claimed to the church whereby at length he obteined his suit as after ye shall heare The king called a parlement at Westminster wherein declaring what charges he had béene at diuers waies he required to haue a subsidie granted him for the releefe of his want which was flatâ—ie denied the Nobles and other estats excusing the pouertie amongst all degrees of men by manie euident reasons Herevpon the bishop of Winchester being a verie eloquent and faire-spoken man openlie counselled the king to fauour his people whom he had alreadie made poore and bare with continuall tributes and exactions And if it were so that he stood in such need as was alledged that then he should take line 10 into his hands againe such possessions and things which during the time of his yoong yeeres he had bestowed vpon his seruants without any good aduised consideration for lacke of ripe iudgement and discretion and againe to take from certeine couetous persons who now were become horsseleches and caterpillers in the commonwealth all such offices as they held and had verie much abused causing them to yeald vp their accounts and to vse them after the manner of sponges so that where he had in times line 20 past made them full of moisture he might now wring them drie following herein the example of Uespasian And by this means it was not to be douted but he should haue inough of his owne without dooing iniurie to any man The king gaue verie good eare to the bishops words and following his counsell caused his receiuers treasurers and other such as had medled with anie of his receipts to come to a reckoning And vnderstanding by the auditors appointed to take their line 30 accounts that the most part of them had receiued much more and by other means than they had entered into their reckoning he compelled them to restore it out of hand with interest Also he caused the magistrats to be called to a reckoning and manie of them being conuicted of fraud were condemned to make restitution And among other Ranulfe Briton treasurer of his chamber was put beside his office and fined at a thousand marks in whose place was set Peter de Riuales or after some copies de line 40 Oruiales a Poictouin nephue or rather sonne to the bishop of Winchester by whose aduice the king tooke a more strait account of his officers and often remooued such as he iudged guiltie At the same time also Hubert earle of Kent was deposed from the office of high iustice and Stephan Segraue appointed in his roome The said Hubert bicause he refused to answer a certeine dutie which was
armie of men with the which he approched néere to saint Iohns towne into the which the earle of Penbroke was a little before entred to defend it with thrée hundred men of armes beside footmen Then R. Bruce sent to the earle to come out and giue battell the earle sent line 50 vnto him word againe that he would not fight that daie being sundaie but vpon the next morow he would satisfie his request Robert Bruce herevpon withdrew a mile backe from the towne determining to rest himselfe and his people that night About euening tide came the earle foorth of the towne with his people in order of battell and assailing his enimies vpon a sudden slue diuerse yer they could get their armour on their backs Robert Bruce and others line 60 that had some space to arme themselues made some resistance for a while but at length the Englishmen put them to the worse so that they were constreined to flee The earle following the chase pursued them euen into Kentire not resting till he vnderstood that a great number of them were gotten into a castell which he besieged in hope to haue found Robert Bruce within it but he was fled further into the countrie Howbeit his wife and his brother Nigell or Neall with diuerse other were taken in this castell and sent in safetie vnto Berwike Also shortlie after the earle of Atholl was taken being fled out of the same castell ¶ But some write that this earle was taken in the battell last remembred after long fight and great slaughter of Scots to the number of seuen thousand and also that in the chase the lord Simon de Friseill was taken with the bishops of saint Andrews and Glasco the abbat of Scone and the said earle of Atholl named sir Iohn Chambres The bishops and abbat king Edward sent vnto pope Innocent with report of their periurie but others write that the foresaid bishops and abbat being taken indéed the same yeare were brought into England and there kept as prisoners within sunbrie castels The wife of Robert le Bruce being daughter to the earle of Ulster was sent vnto the manour of Brustwike and there honorablie vsed hauing a conuenient number of seruants appointed to wait on hir The earle of Ulster hir father in the beginning of these last wars sent vnto king Edward two of his owne sonnes to remaine with him in such wise as he should thinke conuenient to assure himselfe of him that he would attempt nothing against the English subiects Also it was said that the ladie hir selfe the same daie hir husband and she should be crowned said that she feared they should proue but as a summer king and quéene such as in countrie townes the yoong folks choose for sport to danse about maipoles For these causes was she the more courteouslie vsed at the kings hands as reason no lesse required It should appeare by Robert Fabian that the king was present himselfe at this battell but other affirme that prince Edward was there as generall and not his father and that the battell was fought at Dunchell vpon the riuer of Tay. But neither the Scotish chronicles nor Nicholas Triuet whom in the historie of this king Edward the first we haue most followed make any mention that either the king or prince should be at the foresaid battell but that the earle of Penbroke with Robert lord Clifford and Henrie lord Percie were sent before as ye haue alreadie heard with an armie by whome as appeareth this victorie was obteined at a place called Methfen After this was the castell of Lochdore taken and within it Christopher Seiton that had married the sister of Robert le Bruce and bicause he was no Scot but an Englishman borne the king commanded that he should be led vnto Dunfrise where he had killed one of the kings knights and there to be hanged drawen and quartered The wife of this Christopher Seiton he appointed to be kept in the monasterie of Thixell in Lindsey and the daughter of Robert le Bruce which was also taken about the same time was sent to the monasterie of Waiton Moreouer the manour of Seiton in Whitebestroud he gaue vnto the lord Edmund de Mauley and those other lands that belonged vnto the said Christopher Seiton in Northumberland he gaue vnto the lord William Latimer The lands that belonged to the new Scotish king he bestowed in this wise to Henrie Bohun earle of Hereford which had married one of king Edwards daughters he gaue the lordships of Annandale Hert Hertnes he gaue vnto the lord Robert Clifford sauing alwaies the right yet that belonged to the church of Durham Totenham and Totenhamshire and the maner of Wrothell in the south parts he gaue to other noble men and the earledome of Carrike which R. Bruce had holden as by inheritance from his mother the king gaue to the lord Henrie Percie the earledome of Atholl he gaue to Rafe de Monthermer earle of Glocester who had also married as before yee haue heard an other of the kings daughters after the decesse of hir first husband Gilbert de Clare earle of Glocester About the feast of saint Michaell the new Scotish king Robert le Bruce returned foorth of the Iles into the which he had fled with manie Irishmen and Scots in his companie and remained a certeine time in Kentire he sent certeine of his officers to leuie and gather vp the rents of the fermes due at the feast of saint Martine for such lands and possessions as they held in that countrie wherof the lord Percie being aduertised hasted thither but the new king comming vpon him slue certeine of his men tooke his horsses and plate with other things and droue him into a castell within the which he besieged him line 10 till at length by a power sent from king Edward Bruce was constreined to depart The king in this meane time was come to Lauercost néere to Carleill and there remained a long time From thence he sent his iustices vnto Berwike where they sate in iudgement vpon Nigell Bruce and the other prisoners taken with him which were condemned to die and so they were hanged drawen and quartered The earle of Atholl was conueied to London and although he sued for pardon in respect of that he was line 20 of kin to the king yet was he hanged vpon a gibbet higher than all the residue his bodie burned vnder the same gibbet and his head first cut off was set vpon a pole ouer London bridge for example sake that traitors should looke for no pardon The elect archbishop of Yorke William Gréenefield was confirmed this yeare by pope Clement the fift at the citie of Lions in France where the same pope was crowned about the same time and held his court there liuing cheeflie by the monie which he got line 30 of bishops that came to him for their confirmations
to be tried by his countrie and so was pressed to death as the law in such case appointeth Diuerse other were saued by their bookes according vnto the order of clerkes conuict as Alexander Brid person of Hogeset Iohn Rugham person of little Welnetham Iohn Berton cordwainer and diuerse other Some were repriued as one woman named Iulian Barbor who being big bellied was respited till she were deliuered of child Benedict Sio and Robert Russell line 30 were repriued and committed to the safe kéeping of the shiriffe as triers or appeachers as we tearme them of other offendors and bicause there was not anie as yet attached by their appeales they were commanded againe to prison One Robert de Creswell was saued by the kings letters of speciall pardon which he had there readie to shew As for Robert Foxton Adam Cokefield and a great number of other whome the shiriffe was commanded to apprehend he returned that he could not heare of them line 40 within the precinct of his bailiffewéeke wherevpon exigents were awarded against them and the shiriffe was commanded that if he might come to attach them he should not faile but so to doo and to haue their bodies there at Burie before the said iustices the thursdaie in Whitsunwéeke next insuing Diuerse also were arreigned at the same time of the said felonies and thereof acquited as Michaell Scabaille Rafe Smeremonger and others Indéed line 50 those that were found guiltie and suffered were the chéefe authors and procurors of the commotion bearing others in hand that the abbat had in his custodie a certeine charter wherein the king should grant to the inhabitants of the towne of Burie certeine liberties whereby it might appeare that they were free and discharged from the paiment of diuerse customes and exactions wherevpon the ignorant multitude easilie giuing credit to such surmised tales were the sooner induced to attempt such disorders as line 60 before are mentioned ¶ Thus haue yée heard all in effect that was doone in this first yeare of king Edward the third his reigne by and against those offendors But bicause we will not interrupt matters of other yeares with that which followed further of this businesse we haue thought good to put the whole that we intend to write thereof here in this place Yée shall therefore vnderstand that diuerse of those against whome exigents were awarded came in and yéelded their bodies to the shiriffes prison before they were called on the fift countie daie Albeit a great manie there were that came not and so were outlawed Robert Foxton got the kings pardon and so purchasing foorth a supersede as the suit therevpon against him was staied The shiriffe therefore in Whitsunwéeke in the second yeare of this kings reigne made his returne touching Benedict Sio Robert Russell Iulian Barbor so that he deliuered them vnto the bailiffes of the libertie of the abbat of Burie by reason of an ancient priuilege which the abbat claimed to belong to his house The bailiffes confessed they had receiued the said prisoners but forsomuch as they had beene arreigned at a Portmane mote which was vsed to be kept euerie thrée wéeks and vpon their arreignment were found guiltie of certeine other felonies by them committed within the towne of Burie and therevpon were put to execution Adam Finchman the kings attournie there tooke it verie euill laid it greeuouslie to the charge of the abbats officers for their hastie and presumptuous proceeding against the said prisoners namelie bicause the said Sio and Russell were repriued to the end that by their vtterance many heinous offenses might haue béene brought to light On the same daie that is to wit the thursdaie in Whitsunweeke the foresaid Robert Foxton and diuerse other came in and were attached by the shiriffe to answer the abbat to his action of trespasse which he brought against them and putting the matter to the triall of an inquest they were condemned in sixtie thousand pounds to be leuied of their goods and chattels vnto the vse of the abbat and in the meane time they were committed to prison But first they made suit that they might be put to their fines for their offenses committed against the kings peace and their request in that behalfe was granted so that vpon putting in sufficient suerties for their good abearing their fines were assessed as some at more and some at lesse as the case was thought for to require Thus rested the matter a long season after vntill the fift yeare of this kings reigne in which the thursdaie next after the feast of the blessed Trinitie the K. being himselfe in person at S. Edmundsburie aforesaid a finall agreement and concord was concluded betwixt the said abbat and his conuent on the one partie and Richard Draiton and others of the inhabitants of that towne on the other partie before the right reuerend father in God Iohn bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England and the kings iustices Iohn Stonore and Iohn Cantbridge sitting there at the same time by the kings commandement The effect of which agreement was as followeth The articles of agreement betweene the moonks of Burie and the inhabitants of Burie FIrst wheras the said abbat had recouered by iudgement before the said Iohn Stonore and other his associats iustices of oier and determiner in the said towne of Burie the summe of seuen score thousand pounds for trespasses to him and his house committed and doone by the said Richard Draiton and other the inhabitants of Burie now at the desire of the said king and for other good respects him moouing he pardoned and released vnto the said Richard Draiton and to other the inhabitants of Burie to their heires executors and assigns the summe of 122333 pounds eight shillings eight pence of the said totall summe of 140000 pounds And further the said abbat and conuent granted and agreed for them and their successors that if the said Richard Draiton other the inhabitants of the said towne of Burie or any of them their heires executors or assignes should paie to the said abbat conuent or their successors within twentie yeares next insuing the date of that present agreement 2000 marks that is to saie 100 marks yearelie at the feasts line 10 of S. Michaell Easter by euen portions that then the said Richard other the inhabitants of the towne of Burie should be acquited discharged of 4000 marks parcell of 17666 pounds thirteene shillings foure pence residue behind for euer Moreouer whereas the said abbat and conuent the said abbat by himselfe since the 19 yeare of the reigne of king Edward line 20 the second vnto that present time had sealed certeine charters deeds writings as well with the proper seale of the abbat as with the common seale of the abbat conuent if the said Richard and the inhabitants of the said towne of Burie did restore vnto the said abbat conuent all the same
crowne of France Héerevpon were ambassadors sent from either king vnto the pope and a truce taken to indure till the feast of saint Iohn Baptist in the yeare next following Ambassadors for the king of England were these Henrie duke of Lancaster Iohn earle of Arundell the bishops of Norwich and London and the lord Guie de Brian For the French king the archbishop of Rouen lord chancellor of France the duke of Burbon and others but when the matter came to be heard before the pope about Christmasse all went to smoke that had béene talked of for the Frenchmen denied that the articles were drawne according to the meaning of their commissioners and the pope also winked at the matter so that the English ambassadors when they saw that nothing would be concluded returned home all of them the bishop of Norwich excepted who departed this life there and so their iournie came to none effect This yeare the tenth of Februarie there rose a sore debate betwixt the scholers and townesmen of Oxenford The occasion rose by reason of the falling out of a scholer with one that sold wine for the scholer perceiuing himselfe euill vsed powred the wine on the drawers head knocking the pot about his pate so as the bloud ranne downe by his eares Héerevpon began a sore fraie betwixt the scholers and townesmen which continued for the most part of two daies togither There were twentie townesmen slaine beside those that were hurt but at length there came a great number of countrimen foorth of the villages next adioining to aid the townesmen entring the towne with a blacke banner and so fiercelie assailed the scholers that they were constreined to flee to their houses and hostels but their enimies pursuing them brake vp their doores entered their chambers slue diuerse of them and threw them into priuies tare their bookes and bare awaie their goods The scholers héerewith tooke such displeasure that they departed the Uniuersitie those of Merton colledge and other the like colledges onelie excepted The bishop of Lincolne inhibited préests to celebrate diuine seruice in presence of anie laie man within that towne of Oxenford and the king sending his iustices thither to take knowledge of this disorderlie riot there were diuerse both of the townesmen and scholers indited and certeine of the burgesses committed to ward ¶ This yeare the first sundaie in Lent the king held a roiall iustes at Woodstoke for ioy of the queenes purifieng after the birth of hir sixt sonne the lord Thomas whome the bishop of Durham named Thomas held at the fontstone he was borne the seauenth of Ianuarie last past In the parlement holden at Westminster this yeare after Easter the king tooke vpon him to make an end of the quarrell betwixt the scholers and townesmen of Oxenford and sauing to euerie man his right pardoned the scholers of all transgressions and this he signified into euerie shire by writs directed to the shiriffes they to proclame the same for more notice of the thing And so in the summer following the Uniuersitie began againe to flourish students resorting thither from each side and falling afresh to their academicall exercises which they néeded not to haue discontinued if either partie I meane the townesmen or scholers would haue tolerated and borne one with another and not so rashlie haue vndertaken the reuenge of one anothers wrath and iniurie but Oderunt pacem stulti certamina quaerunt In this parlement the processe of the iudgement had and made against Roger Mortimer late earle of March was reuoked adnihilated and made void so that the lord Roger Mortimer was restored to the title and possessions of the earledome of March as cousine and heire to his grandfather the said erle of March Moreouer to this parlement came the bishop of Carpentras and the abbat of Clugnie being sent from pope Innocent the sixt to make sute to haue the truce proroged betwixt the two kings of England and France to whome the king himselfe in person made this resolute answer that he would not agrée to anie longer truce for that when diuerse times at the Frenchmens sute he had consented to haue truce by mediation of two cardinals sent to him about the same matter his aduersaries in the meane time whilest such truces indured had doone much harme and damage by subtill practises to persons line 10 and places beyond the sea that were vnder his rule and gouernement yet he said he would deliberate heereof with his councell and after intimate his pleasure to the pope and to them of France by messengers which he would send ouer for that purpose and so these ambassadors within foure daies after their comming were thus dispatched with answer Herewith in this parlement it was ordeined that the prince of Wales being as then about foure and twentie yeares of age should passe ouer into line 20 Gascoigne and haue with him a thousand men of armes and two thousand archers with a great number of Welshmen About the same time the king caused fortie ships to be prouided rigged and made readie at Rutherhiue furnished with vittels for one quarter of a yéere and euerie of the said ships had principall streamers of the duke of Lancasters armes who was appointed with a great power of chosen men of armes and archers to passe to the sea with the same ships but few line 30 or none of his companie knew whither horsses they had none He had with him two of the kings sonnes Lionell of Antwerpe and Iohn of Gant the elder of them being about sixtéene yeares of age Also there went with him the earles of Northampton March and Stafford beside manie lords barons knights On the tenth of Iulie he made saile to Greenewich and there and at Sandwich he staied till the Assumption of our ladie the wind for the most part continuing all that while at west and south contrarie to his line 40 iournie as it might appeare At length with much difficultie he came to Winchelâ—ie after to the Wight It was thought that the dukes purpose was to passe into Normandie to ioine with the king of Nauarre who was at variance with the French king But after it was knowen by espials that they were made fréends the duke of Lancaster doubting crooked measures and hauing with him no horssemen returned home without further attempt On saint Kenelmes daie being fridaie and the line 50 17 of Iulie master Humfrie Carleton professor of diuinitie and Iohn Carleton the yoonger doctor of the lawes on the behalfe of the Uniuersitie of Oxford and Iohn saint Frideswide maior Iohn Bereford and Iohn Norton burgesses of the said towne of Oxford on the behalfe of the communaltie of the same towne came before the kings councell at Westminster in the councell chamber there néere to the excheker where the allegations on both parties being heard and vpon request made that it might line 60 please his maiesties councell acording to
and apperteining to the treasuror of the cathedrall church After the time of king Athelstane the Danes with great hostilitie and crueltie hauing ouerrun this whole land they also came to this citie and in spoiling the same did also ransacke and spoile the said church whose continuall inuasions the moonks being not able to indure fled and forsooke their house and home and sought places of better safetie By which means this monasterie for sundrie yeares was left destitnted vntill the time of king Edgar who on a time made a progresse into these west parts to visit his father in law Odogarus then earle of Deuon and founder of the abbeie of Tauistoke whose daughter he had married And being come to this citie did here rest and staie himselfe where when he saw the distressed state of the said church pitieng the same caused search and inquirie to be made of the moonks which were scattered and yet left and when he had gotten them togither he restored them vnto their house and liuelihoods and appointed Sidemannus who was afterwards bishop of this diocesse to be abbat of the same And from thensfoorth they continued togither though sometimes in troubles vntill that king Swanus or Sweno the Dane with a mightie and a huge armie came to this citie besieged tooke spoiled and destroied it with sword and fier Howbeit not long after it was restored againe by king Cahutus or Canutus who being aduertised of the great cruelties which his father Sweno had doone to the said monasterie did at the request of Atheldredus one of his dukes make restitution vnto Athelwoldus then abbat of all their lands liuings and priuileges as dooth appeare by his charter dated in the yeare of our Lord 1019. After this about thirtie yeares king Edward the Confessor came to this citie and he by the aduise and at the motion of Leofricus bishop of Crediton and who sometimes was lord chancellor of England vnder the said king and one of his priuie councell partlie for the better safetie of the bishop and his successors who lieng and hauing their houses in the countrie were subiect to manie and sundrie perils and partlie to prouide a more conuenient place for the moonks did remooue the bishops sée from Crediton and remooued the moonks vnto Westminster and he the king in his owne person togither with quéene Edith his wife did install the said Leofricus in possession of this his new church and sée The bishop thus remooued from the old and placed in the new sée and church dooth endow the same with all those lands and liuelihoods which he had of the gift of the said king and which before did apperteine to his former church and to reduce and make his sanctuarie to his mind pulleth downe the two monasteries néere adioining the one being of moonks and the other of nuns and addeth and vniteth them vnto his owne church and hauing brought all things to effect according to his mind deuiseth and maketh lawes orders and ordinances for the good gouernment of his church and cleargie After the death of Leofricus all his successors for the most part procure the augmentation and increase of this their new erected see and church some in liuelihoods some in liberties and priuileges some in buildings and some in one thing and some in another William Warewest the third bishop of this church who had sometimes béene chapleine to the Conqueror and to his two sonnes William and Henrie was in such fauor and good liking with the Conqueror that at his request he gaue vnto him and to this his church Plimpton Brampton and S. Stephans in Excester which gift his said sonnes being kings of England did ratifie and confirme And then the said bishop hauing the ordering and distributing thereof giueth Plimpton to the regular moonkes there for whom he had founded and builded a monasterie and wherein he himselfe shortlie after leauing and yéelding vp his bishoprike became and was a moonke Brampton was reserued to the church and which afterwards was annexed to the deanerie And S. Stephans with the fee to the same apperteining he reserued to himselfe and to his successors whereby they are barons and lords of the parlement This bishop in the yeare of our Lord 1112 first began to inlarge his cathedrall and laid the foundation of that line 10 part which is now the chore or quier for before that time it was no bigger than that which since and now is called the ladie chapell After him William Brewer the bishop made and established in the yeare of our Lord 1235 a deane and a chapter of foure and twentie prebendaries and for the deane whome he appointed and whose name was Serlo and for his successors he gaue and impropriated Brampton and Coliton Rawleigh and for the prebendaries he purchased lands alloting and assigning line 20 to euerie of them Pro pane sale the like portion of foure pounds Peter Quiuell the bishop finding the chancell of his church to be fullie builded and ended beginneth to found and build the lower part or the bodie of his church in the yeare of our Lord 1284 from the chancell of his church vnto the west end of the said church This man first appointed a chanter and a subdeane to be in his church To the one of them he impropriated Paineton and Chudleie and to the other the personage line 30 of Eglosehaile in Cornewall After him Iohn Grandisson in the yeare of our Lord 1340 did increase the length of the bodie of the church from the funt westwards as also vaulted the roofe of the whole church and did fullie end and finish the same And albeit from the time of king Athelstane the first founder in the yeare of our Lord 932 vntill the daie of the death of this bishop Grandisson which was in the yeare 1369 there were about 437 yeares distant and in the meane time this church was continued line 40 in building by sundrie persons yet it is so decentlie and vniformelie compacted as though it had béene builded at one verie time and instant The successour of this Grandisson who was named Thomas Brentingham finished and ended the north tower of the church After this about the yeare of our Lord 1400 and in the time of bishop Stofford the cloister was added to the church and builded at the most part of the charges of the deane and chapiter line 50 And not long after Edmund Lacie bishop began to build the chapiter house which being not ended in his time his next successor George Neuill in the yeare of our Lord 1456 did fullie end and absolue the same and which is a verie faire beautifull and a sumptuous worke And thus much concerning the antiquitie foundation and building of this cathedrall church Thus far Iohn Hooker About the same time that this rebellion whereto all the foresaid discourse tendeth began in the west line
calleth Robert Biliberie frier preacher doctor of diuinitie was remoued from the archbishoprike of Canturburie line 20 to be bishop of Portua and afterward was made cardinall of saint Rufinian by pope Nicholas the third in the yeare of Christ as some saie 1277 and as others haue 1278 or 1273 being a-about the first yeare of Edward the first of that name king of England who died vnder the same pope Nicholas in the yeare of Christ 1280 as hath Onuphrius Barnard de Anguiscelle was remooued from the archbishoprike of Arras and made bishop of Portua line 30 and cardinall of saint Rufinian being a bishop cardinall and aduanced to that principalitie by pope Martine the fourth of that name in the yeare of our redemption 1291 being about the nintéenth yeare of the said Edward the first whome Onuphrius much mistaking himselfe maketh a Frenchman and Matthew Parker rightlie setteth him downe as an Englishman Hugh Attrat priest cardinall of the title of saint Laurence in Lucina was created cardinall by line 40 pope Martine the fourth in the yéere of our Lord 1281 he was also called Hugh of Euesham and died at Rome in the yeere of Christ 1287 whilest the sée was vacant being about the fifteenth yeere of Edward the first Berard or rather Bernard a cardinall of Prestina was aduanced to the dignitie of a cardinall by Nicholas the fourth of that name bishop of Rome in the yéere as I suppose 1298 though some saie in the yéere 1288 the error whereof I gather to be in the line 50 printer Leonard Guercine bishop cardinall of Alba was receiued to the scarlet hat and robe by pope Bonifacius the eight in the yéere of Christ 1300 being the eight and twentith of Edward the first William one of the order of the frier preachers doctor of diuinitie in Oxford priest cardinall of the title of saint Sabina to which place he was adopted by pope Benedict the eleuenth in the yéere 1303 being the one and thirtith yeere of Edward the first in line 60 which yeere he died in England Walter Winterborne that came in place of William last before named doctor of diuinitie of the order of frier preachers confessor to Edward the first and priest cardinall of the title of saint Sabina was by the said Benedict the eleuenth admitted to the college of cardinals in the yeare of Christ 1304 being the one and thirtith yeere of Edward the first which Walter small time inioied that place For going with other cardinals into France so into Italie he died at Genoa or Gene whose bodie being carried into England was buried in the church of the frier preachers in the yeere of Christ 1305 being the three and thirtith yeere of Edward the first Thomas Iorze a frier preacher doctor of diuinitie of Oxford confessor to Edward the first priest cardinall of the title of saint Sabina was created by pope Clement the fift in the yeere of Christ 1305 being the three and thirtith yéere of Edward the first or as saith Walsingham a little before Christmasse in the yéere of Christ 1306 who by him is also named Iorza This man as hath Onuphrius died in the iorneie he made as ambassador into Italie to Henrie the seuenth of that name emperour in the yéere 1311 the seuenth yeere of the popedome of Clement the fift who sent him in that ambassage his bodie was carried into England and buried at Oxford in a monasterie of the frier preachers Simon Langham abbat of Westminster treasuror of England bishop of Elie and of Canturburie and chancellor of England was elected to the honor of the purple hat and cardinall dignitie in the yéere of our redemption 1368 being the two and fortith yéere of king Edward the third And here because I would not set it downe in a distinct place as receiuing it for truth sith by search I find it not so what authoritie soeuer they that wrote the same had to lead them to it I will note an ouersight passed the fingers of Fabian Holinshed and Grafton all writers of our age who affirme that the bishop of Winchester in the fiue and fortith yéere of king Edward the third being a cardinall for so I gather by the words and circumstance of the storie with the bishop of Beauois likewise a cardinall were put in commission by pope Gregorie the eleuenth to treat betwixt the king of England and France But because I can not find in Onuphrius nor in Matthew Parker anie such cardinall set downe I doo not at this time imbrace it vntill I maie find better proofe thereof than the authoritie of Grafton Fabian and those before named especiallie sith that he which was then bishop of Winchester in the said fiue and fortith yéere of Edward the third and all they which were bishops of Winchester from the first yeare of the reigne of Edward the third vntill the yeare of Christ 1404 in which Henrie Beaufort was bishop of Winchester were neuer cardinals the said bishops in orderlie succession thus named Adam Orletie William de Edington William Wickham and then Henrie Beaufort who was a cardinall But these writers mistaking perchance the yeare of the king and the name of the bishops sée in the fiue and fortith yeare of Edward the third in which yeare Iohn Thorsbie was cardinall as after followeth haue in setting downe Winchester for Worcester committed a fault so easie it is for the printer or anie other to misplace and misname the one bishoprike for the other Iohn Thorsbie bishop of saint Dauids in Wales chancellor of England bishop of Worcester and after bishop of Yorke was made cardinall by Urban the fift then bishop of Rome as I suppose before the fiue and fortith yeare of Edward the third This man surrendred his life in the yeare of our redemption 1374 being the eight and fortith yeare of king Edward the third Adam priest cardinall of the title of saint Cicilia was inuested with the dignitie of a scarlet hat in the yeare of our redemption 1378 about the first yeare of Richard the second Holinshed mentioneth one Adam Eston to be a cardinall who considering the time when he liued must néeds be this man of whome he writeth in this sort Adam Eston well séene in all the toongs was made a cardinall by pope Gregorie the eleuenth but by pope Urban the siâ—t he was committed to prison in Genoa in the yeare of our redemption 1383 being about the seauenth yeare of Richard the second and by contemplation of the said king Richard was taken out of prison but not fullie deliuered vntill the daies of Boniface the ninth who in the yeare of our redemption 1389 about the thirteenth yeare of Richard the second restored the said Adam to his former dignitie all which Holinshed speaketh of him amongst the writers of England except the yeares of the Lord which I haue added out of Onuphrius and the yeares of the king which I haue ioined
of my selfe Which Onuphrius maketh this Adam to be bishop line 10 of London and to die in Rome the third calends of Maie in the yéere of our sauior 1397 being the one and twentith of Richard the second vnder Boniface the ninth pope of that name and was buried in the place whereof he was intituled to the honor of a cardinall Philip de Repindone bishop of Lincolne and doctor of diuinitie was by pope Gregorie the twelfe then bishop of Rome in the yeare of Christ 1408 being the tenth yeare of king Henrie the fourth line 20 created cardinall of the title of saint Nereus and Achilleus Thomas bishop of Durham was made as saith Onuphrius in the yeare of our redemption 1411 by Iohn the two and twentith commonlie called Iohn the thrée and twentith priest cardinall Touching which matter there is no mention made in the life of Thomas Langleie bishop of Durham and liuing at this time that this Langleie was a cardinall for this Thomas Langleie was made bishop of Durham line 30 in the yeare of our Lord 1406 and continued in that see one and thirtie yeares departing the world 1437 and so the creation of this Thomas bishop of Durham mentioned by Onuphrius and Matthew Parker bishop of Canturburie in the yeare of Christ 1411 must néedes fall in the life of this Thomas Langleie bishop of Durham Robert bishop of Salisburie priest cardinall although it be not shewed of what title was preferred to that place by pope Iohn the thrée and twentith in line 40 the yeare of our redemption 1411 being about the twelfe yere of the reigne of king Henrie the fourth of whom Onuphrius writeth in this sort Roberti episcopi Sarisburiensis presbyteri cardinalis Egidij de campis presbyteri cardinalis gesta exitus quòd nunquam Romanam curiam adierint incerti obscuri omninò sunt Satis tamen constat eos ante papae Martini electionem mortuos fuisse Henrie Beaufort sonne vnto Iohn of Gant and Katharine Swineford being bishop of Winchester and chancellor of England tooke the state of a cardinall line 50 of the title of saint Eusebius at Calis being absent as hath Matthew Parker in the yeare of our redemption 1426 in the fift yeare of king Henrie the sixt He was called the rich cardinall of Winchester being aduanced to that honor by Martine the third commonlie called Martine the fift then pope of Rome This Henrie died vnder pope Nicholas the fift in the yeare of Christ 1447 being about the six twentith yeare of the miserable reigne of king Henrie the sixt line 60 Iohn Stafford bishop of Bash and Welles chancellor of England after bishop of Canturburie was created priest cardinall by Eugenius then bishop of Rome in the yeare that the word became flesh 1434 being the twelfe yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the sixt Iohn Kempe bishop of London twise lord chancellour of England bishop of Yorke and after that archbishop of Canturburie was by Eugenius the fourth then archbishop of Rome made cardinall of the title of saint Sabina as saith Holinshed otherwise by Onuphrius called Balbina contrarie to Polydor who in his thrée and twentith booke of the historie of England affirmeth him to be cardinalited by pope Nicholas the fift He died as saith Onuphrius in the yeare that the godhead was vnited to the manhood to wit one thousand fiue hundred fiftie and foure vnder pope Nicholas the first which yeare of our Lord met with the fiue and thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the sixt Thomas Bourcher borne of the noble house of the earles of Essex being chancellor of England bishop of Worcester from thence remooued to Elie from that I le aduanced to the metropolitan sée of Canturburie and priest cardinall of the title of saint Siriacus in Thermis or the Baths was honored with the scarlet hat and siluer pillers by pope Paule the second of that name in the yeare that the second person in trinitie tooke vpon him the forme of a seruant one thousand foure hundred sixtie fiue being the fift yeare of the reigne of the noble prince king Edward the fourth Iohn Morton bishop of Elie chancellor of England archbishop of Canturburie being priest cardinall of the title of saint Anastasius was honored with a scarlet hat by Alexander the sixt of that name then gouernour of the seat of Peter at Rome in the yeare from the birth of Christ 1493 being the ninth yeare of the Salomon of England king Henrie the seauenth He died as saith Onuphrius in the yeare of our Lord one thousand and fiue hundred being about the eight yeare of Alexander the sixt still pope of Rome and the sixteenth yeare of the said Henrie the seauenth then king of England Christopher Bembridge a gentleman borne was archbishop of Yorke priest cardinall of the title of S. Praxidis was aduanced to that scarlet dignitie by pope Iulius the second in the yere that the virgin was deliuered of our sauiour one thousand fiue hundred eleuen being the third yeare of the triumphant reigne of king Henrie the eight He died at Rome as saith Onuphrius by poison in the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred and thirtéene yeares being the eleuenth yeare when Leo the tenth did hold the sterne of the Romane bishoprike the fift yeare when the said Henrie the eight did rule the scepter of England and was buried at Rome in the church of the holie trinitie of the English nation Thomas Wolseie the kings almoner deane of Yorke abbat of saint Albons and of saint Austins bishop of Lincolne Winchester and Yorke chancellour of England all which or all saue two he held at one time in his owne hands was made priest cardinall of the title of saint Cicilie wherevnto he was promoted by pope Leo the tenth in the yeare of our redemption one thousand fiue hundred and fifteene being the seauenth yéere of the reigne of the famous king Henrie the eight of whome Onuphrius somewhat mistaking the pronuntiation of his name thus writeth Thomas Wlcer ex oppido Sufforth diocessis Norducensis c wherein like a stranger to our countrimen he mistaketh both name towne place and the prouince of Suffolke for the towne of Ipswich For this cardinall Wolseie being descended of meane parentage was borne in the towne of Gipswich now called Ipswich in the prouince or countrie of Suffolke in the diocesse of the bishoprike of Norwich Iohn Fisher bishop of Rochester priest cardinall of the title of saint Uitalis was although he neuer came at Rome nor for anie thing that I can learne was euer out of England created cardinall at Rome by Paule the third of that name then wearing the triple crowned miter and being bishop of Rome But this Fisher neuer ware his scarlet hat for after this high dignitie and before he might couer his priestlie crowne with the same he lost his
seruicio acquisierat line 30 secessit Rex hunc tam proditoriè à se deficienteÌ„ per Williel Talbot militem prehendi ad se reduci fecit eúmque in publica custodia seruatum donec siue poenae siue conscientiae taedio pertaesus vitae fuit expirauit detinuit whose maner of death is in this sort set downe by Matth. Paris pag. 305 that he was committed to prison Vbi post dies paucos rege praefato which was king Iohn iubente capa indutus plumbea tà m victualium penuria quà m ipsius capae ponderositate coÌ„pressus migrauit ad dominum Much about which time as I suppose which was the yeare of line 40 Christ one thousand two hundred and nine being about the eleuenth yéere of K. Iohn the checker was by the king remooued from London to Northampton in hatred of the Londoners vntill Christmas Iohn Ruthall Custos officij thesaurarij as is proued out of the records of the excheker had that office in the third yeare of Henrie the third in the yéere 1219. Eustachius de Fauconbridge a iustice to receiue fines chancellor of the excheker treasuror to Henrie the third was by the bishop of Rochester consecrated line 50 bishop of London in the yere of our redemption one thousand two hundred twentie one being the fift yeare of king Henrie the third Which Eustachius in the yéere 1222 with the deane chapter of London had great sutes against William abbat of Westminster he was treasuror in the third yeare of king Henrie the third being about the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred and ninetéene he died the daie before the kalends of Nouember in the line 60 yeare of Christ 1228 being the thirtéenth of king Henrie the third and is buried on the south side of the quéere of Paules besides Henrie Wengham vnder a faire monument of marble ouer whom on the wall is this inscription Hîc iacet Eustachius de Fauconbridge quondam episcopus huius ecclesiae qui multa bonae contulit ministris ecclesiae sancti Pauli Ioannes de Fontibus or Iohn de Fontnes was bishop of Elie and treasuror in the ninth and eleuenth yéere of king Henrie the third and before as I take it This man being abbat of Fontnes and as authors saie Vir simplex iustus ac recedens à malo was at Westminster made bishop of Elie in the yeare of Christ 1220 he died after that he had bin bishop fiue yéeres od moneths in the yeare of Christ 1225 being the ninth yéere of Henrie the third was buried in the church of Elie toward the altar of S. Andrew Walter Malclerke or skillesse clerke treasuror of England was made bishop of Carleill in the yéere of our Lord 1223 being about the seuenth yeare of Henrie the third who in the yeare of Christ 1233 being the seuentéenth of the said king was by the counsell of Peter de Laroches bishop of Winchester not onlie remooued from his office of treasurorship but also put to the fine of 100 marks which he paied with the losse of certeine holds giuen him by charter during his life After which he would haue fled beyond the seas but entring the ship at Douer he all his were staied and euillie intreted by the kings seruants This man in the yeare of Christ 1246 being the thirtith yeare of Henrie the third did on the daie of Peter and Paule at Oxenford enter into the habit of the frier preachers After which in the yeare of Christ 1248 being about the two thirtith of Henrie the third he surrendred his soule to God Ranulph Briton by some is made treasuror of England but vntrulie as I suppose for in truth he was but treasuror of the chamber for anie thing I can learne and remooued from that place in the sixtéenth yeare of king Henrie the third in the yeare of Grace 1232 in whose place came Peter de Riuall Of this Ranulph is mention had in the chancellors Besides which about this time I read that Hubert of Borrow was treasuror for thus writeth Iohannes Londoniensis Rex about the yeare of our Lord 1232 fecit ipsum which was Hubert of Borrow suum iusticiarium principalem totius Angliae postea thesaurarium Peter de Oriall in Latine called Petrus de Riuallis was treasuror of the chamber and treasuror of the king chamberleine of England and Ireland gardian of all the forrests of Edgland of all the escheats of all the ports of the sea and of all the prises of England and Ireland being so déere to the king as hath Matthew Westminster that Expulsis castroâ—uÌ„ custodibus per totam ferè Angliam rex omnia sub ipsius Petri custodia commendarat This man was made treasuror after Walter Malclerke in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred thirtie and thrée being about the seuenteenth yeare of king Henrie the third and in the eighteenth yeare of king Henrie the third who as I gather was togither with Peter bishop of Winchester Stephan de Segraue Robert Passlew called to accounts in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred thirtie foure for the kings treasure and seale euillie imploied kept Whervpon Peter de Riuallis hid himselfe in the cathedrall church of Winchester Which Peter bishop of Winchester Peter de Riuallis the king remooued by the persuasion of Edmund of Abindon bishop of Canturburie as they before had remooued Walter Malclerke After which it séemeth that growing into fauor againe this Petrus de Riuallis was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie seuen being the one fortith yeare of king Henrie the third made treasuror of the chamber For thus writeth Matthew Paris Circa festum sancti Michaelis which was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fiftie and seuen mortuo Hurtaldo domini regis conciliarto clerico speciali ac thesaurario de camera regis subrogatur Petrus de Riuallis Under this Peter de Riuallis did Robert Passelew kéepe the kings treasure Touching which Robert Passelew whome some will haue onelie treasuror of the chamber some to be treasuror of England some to be vndertreasuror vnder Peter de Riuallis I will set downe out of seuerall authors what I haue read therof leauing to the reader to thinke thereof what he list at this time sith I determine fullie hereafter not hauing now leisure therefore to define the same in my large volume of the liues of the lord treasurors Thus therefore touching him writeth Matthew Parker Quo etiam tempore which was in the yeare of Christ one thousand two hundred fortie and foure being about the eightéenth yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third Robertus de Passelew qui in thesauris regijs custodiendis augendis totus versatus est eóque nomine regi charus ab ecclesiae cathedralis Cicestrensis canonicis qui regi placere studuerant Cicestrensis line 10 episcopus
Iohannem Franciscum officio Wilhelmi which was Hauerhull subrogaret fabricatis rumoribus quòd idem Iohannes in partibus remotis Angliae Borealibus vt contra quosdam religiosos plantauerat obijsset constituit dominus rex Philippum Louell clericum virum prudentem facundum generosum in loco memorati Willielmi suum thesaurariū quod factum est apud sanctū Albanū procurante vt dicitur Iohanne Mansell amico Philippi speciali This man was treasuror in the 35 and so vntill the 42 yeare of Henrie the third was in the same yeare deposed by the barons he died at Hamesleie in the yeare of Christ 1259 whose executors were Philip Louell Robert de Mercenton But his goods after his death the king commanded to be confiscat And heere before I go any further I thinke it not amisse to note that some haue mistaken themselues in the accompt of the kings treasuror much abouth line 10 this time making these persons Walter Brudell Peter Catchporke or Chaceporke to be the kings treasuror which by no accompt of yeares can be true for they were the quéenes and not the kings tresurors as may appéere both by Mat. Paris and Mat. Westmin whereof the first writeth thus Obijt Walterus de Brudell eiusdem reginae thesaurarius which he placeth in the yere of Christ 1255 being the thirtie ninth yeare of king Henrie the third Of the second person line 20 Chaceporke thus writeth Mat. West in the yeare of Christ 1254 Veniens autem rex ad mare nec ventum habēs prosperum apud Boloniam moratus estinuitus vbi obijt Petrus Chaceporc natione Pictauensis reginae thesaurarius regis clericus conciliarius specialis And thus this much by the waie of the two treasurors of the quéens supposed by some but not rightlie to haue béene the kings Iohn Crakehall archdeacon of Bedford was treasuror in 42 43 44 yeare of Henrie the third to whom the king in the fortie fourth of his reigne being the line 30 yeare of Christ 1260 gaue a prebendarie wherin being inuested he was from thence remooued by a former collation therof made to one Iohn le Gras. The said Crakehall after died the same yere at London Iohn abbat of Peterborow was by the barons in the 44 yeare of Henrie the third made treasuror as the other officers of the king also were Nicholas of Elie was then made chancellor Hugh de Spenser chéefe iustice which office of treasurorship this Iohn continued in the 46 yeare of Henrie the sixt 1262. Nicholas de Elie so called bicause he was archdeacon line 40 of Elie was treasuror to the king in the seuen and fourtith of Henrie the third being the yeare of our Lord 1263 whereof I haue seene this note of record Memorandum quòd in crastino Paschae Anno 47 H. 3. In praesentia Rogeri le Bigot comite Norffolke marischalli Angliae Hugo le Bigot Arnoldi de Berkeley baron de scaccario magistri Iohannis de Chisull cancellar regis c. Recepit magister Nicholaus archidiaconus Eliensis thesaurarius subscripta in thesauraria dom regis c. This man as line 50 before appéereth had bin chancellor of whom is mention made in my following tretise of the chancellors Thomas Wimundham This man being chiefe chanter of Lichfield was by the barons in the yeare of Christ 1258 in the one and fourtith yeare of king Henrie the third made treasuror at the excheker of the seale or place where the writs be sealed with gréene war after which he was treasuror to the king in the 50 51 52 yeares of king Henrie the third Iohn Chisull sometime chancellor was treasuror line 60 in the foure fiftith yeare of Henrie the third being about the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred thrée score and nine He was deane of Paules chosen bishop of London in the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred seuentie and thrée and consecrat to that place in the yeare of Christ a thousand two hundred seuentie foure in which place he continued about fiue yeares and died in the yeare of our redemption 1279 being in the seuenth yeare of the reigne of the victorious prince king Edward the first of that name See more of this Chisull in my following discourse of the chancellors Philip de Eie was treasuror as appeareth by the records of the excheker in the 56 yeare of king Henrie the third and in the first yeare of king Edward the first partlie falling in the yeare of our redemption 1272 and 1273. Ioseph de Chancie whom one anonymall author calleth Iohn de Chancie but not rightlie as I suppose was tresuror in the second yéere of the scourger of the Scots king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1274. William Gifford bishop of Bath and Welles was treasuror to Edward the first he was remooued to Yorke in the yeare of Christ 1265 this man is by manie chronicles and that perhaps most trulie called Walter Gifford He died in the seuenth yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1279 as hath Nicholas Triuet Of this man sée more in the chancellors of England Robert Burnell bishop of Bath and Welles chancellor of England and treasuror to king Edward the first is by the Welsh historie pag. 328 called chiefe iustice of England Leland reporteth that an abbat told him how that a bishop Burnell built the castell of Acton Burnell Of this man shall be more spoken hereafter in the chancellors of England Ioseph de Chancie the second time treasuror to king Edward the first in the sixt yeare of the said king being the yeare of our redemption 1278 was also prior of S. Iohns Ierusalem in Anglia as I take it and by an other name called the lord of S. Iohns or of the knights of the Rhodes in England Thomas Becke archdeacon of Dorcester was treasuror in the seuenth yeare of king Edward the first being the yeare of our redemption 1278 as some haue but 1279 as other haue by the witnesse of Leland out of a monke of Glastenburie in his booke De assertione Arthuri reciting the words of the said monke in this sort Anno Domini 1267 Eadueardus rex Henrici tertij filius venit cum regina sua Glasconiam Die verò Martis proxima sequenti fuit rex tota curia accepta sumptibus monasterij Quo die in crepusculo fecit apperiri sepulchrum inclyti Arthuri vbi in duabus cistis imaginibus armis eorū depictis ossa dicti regis mirae grossitudinis separata inuenit Imago quidem reginae coronata imaginis regiae corona fuit prostrata cum abscissione sinistrae auriculae vestigijs plagae vnde moriebatur inuenta est scriptura super his singulis manifesta In crastino videlicet die Mercurij rex ossa regis regina ossa reginae pallijs pretiosis reuoluta in suis
continued vntill about the eleuenth yeare of Edward the third and was after that iustice treasuror and chancellor and did in the common place being chancellor sit and argue amongst the iustices as appeareth in the law bookes of those line 10 yeares of Edward the third of whom is last mention made in the seuentéenth yeare of Edward the third where he is named chancellor Robert de Saddington knight was inuested with the dignitie of lord chancellor after the death of Perning in the yeare of Christ 1343 and the seuenteenth yeare of the often mentioned king Edward the third There was also one sir Richard Saddington knight treasuror of England of whome I haue spoken in my discourse of the lord treasurors line 20 Iohn Offord or Ufford deane of Lincolne was made chancellor of England in the yeare of our redemption 1345 being the nineteenth yeare of king Edward the third He was elected to be bishop of Canturburie and so was installed but neuer receiued the pall He died in the moneth of Maie in the yeare of Christ 1349 being the three and twentith yeare of the reigne of that victorious king Edward which neuer receiued greater honour than that he was father vnto Edward surnamed the Blacke line 30 prince the flower of chiualrie and woorthie conquerour of the French dominions Iohn Thorsbie bishop of Worcester archbishop of Yorke and cardinall was installed in the seat of the lord chancellor in the yeare that God became man one thousand thrée hundred fortie and nine being the thrée and twentith yeare of that king Edward the third so often before recited who at his great sute was discharged of the office of chancellor by deliuerie of the great seale in Nouember in the line 40 thirtith yeare of the said king being the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred fiftie and six after that he had kept that place by the space almost of seauen yeres He in the tenth yeare of his bishoprike in the third calends of August began the frame of the quéeâ—e of S. Peters church in Yorke laid the first stone therof to which he gaue a hundred pounds He died at Thorpe and was buried at Yorke in the yere of Christ 1363 or as other haue 1373 after that he had béene archbishop one and twentie yeares and line 50 one and twentie daies William de Edington bishop of Winchester lord treasuror of England was made chancellor of this realme in Nouember in the said yeare of Christ 1356 and the thirtith yeare of the reigne of that king Edward which at Sauoie in England kept king Iohn of France his prisoner Sée more of him in the treasurors of England Simon Langham abbat of Westminster bishop line 60 of Elie archbishop of Canturburie and lord treasuror of England was made lord chancellor in Februarie in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and three being the seauen and thirtith yeare of the gouernment of king Edward the third and was chancellor in the fortith yere of the reigne of that king being the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and thrée Of this Simon were these verses made when he was remoued from Elie to the bishoprike of Canturburie Exultent coeli quia Simon transit ab Eli Cuius in aduentum flent in Kent millia centum Of whome also bicause he richlie indowed the abbeie of Westminster with great gifts of singular cost value a certeine moonke compiled these verses Res es de Langham tua Simon sunt data quondam Octingentena librarum millia dena Of this man is more spoken in the former discourse or treatise of the lord treasurors of England William de Wikeham so called of the place of his birth was by surname from his parents called Perot and Long whome Lelâ—nd maketh treasuror of England which by anie possible meanes cannot be so for anie thing that I can yet learne This man being bishop of Winchester and aduanced to that place in the yeare of Christ one thousâ—nd thrée hundred sixtie and seuen in the one and fortith yeare of the reigne of Edward the third in which place he sat seauen and thirtie yeares was sometime kéeper of the priuie seale and made also chancellor of England in the yeare that the virgine brought foorth the first begotten sonne one thousand three hundred sixtie and seauen being the one and fortith yeare of the gouernement of the foresaid Edward the third in which office he remained about foure yeares and in March in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and one being the fiue and fortith of king Edward the third did deliuer vp the great seale to the king at Westminster He was buried in the bodie of Winchester church which he new built with the other places about it of whome were these verses composed for the building of his colleges the one at Oxenford and the other at Winchester Hunc docet esse pium fundatio collegiorum Oxoniae primum stat Wintoniaeque secundum Robert Thorpe knight being before iustice of the law in the yeare of our Lord one thousand three hundred and seauentie was after at Westminster aduanced to the chancellorship in March the fiue fortith yeare of king Edward the third being the yeare of our redemption as is before said one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and one who going home to his owne house left the great seale with foure of the gardians or maisters of the chancerie wherof the one was called Walter Powre to kéepe and vse as néed required Sir Iohn Kniuet or Kniuell as some books haue by the transcriber corrupted was made chancellor of England in Iulie in the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred seauentie and two being the six and fortith yeare of king Edward the third in which office he continued as I for this time doo gather vntill the fiftith yeare of the said king Edward in which yeare as heere at hand appeareth came in place of the bishop of S. Dauids Adam de Houghton bishop of Meneuia or of Saint Dauids in Wales was aduanced to the office of lord chancellor in the yeare of our redemption 1376 being the fiftith yeare of king Edward the third who in the one and fiftith yeare of the said king was with the earle of Salisburie and the bishop of Hereford sent ambassador beyond the seas ¶ And here I thinke it not amisse to set downe the originall of the rolles in chancerie lane in this sort Henrie the third did build a house for the Iewes conuerted to the faith of Christ which house is at this daie hath béene long before this time appointed for the kéeping of the kings rolles and records being now called and knowne by the name of the rolles in chancerie lane besides Lincolns inne In which house the maister of the rolles for the time being hath a goodlie and statelie lodging In which also there is a faire chappell
his people to spoile and burne the countrie But now when the feast of Christs natiuitie commonlie called Christmas was at hand he approched to the citie of London and comming thither caused his vauntgard first to enter into the stréets where finding some resistance he easilie subdued the citizens that thus tooke vpon them to withstand him though not without some bloudshed as Gemeticen writeth but as by others it should appéere he was receiued into the citie without anie resistance at all and so being in possession thereof he spake manie fréendlie words to the citizens and promised that he would vse them in most liberall courteous maner Not long after when things were brought in order as was thought requisite he was crowned king vpon Christmas daie following by Aldred archbishop of Yorke For he would not receiue the crowne at the hands of Stigand archbishop of Canturburie bicause he was hated and furthermore iudged to be a verie lewd person and a naughtie liuer At his coronation he caused the bishops and barons of the realme to take their oth that they should be his true and loiall subiects according to the maner in that case accustomed And being required thereto by the archbishop of Yorke he tooke his personall oth before the altar of S. Peter at Westmister to defend the holie church and rulers of the same to gouerne the people in iustice as became a king to doo to ordeine righteous lawes kéepe the same so that all maner of bribing rapine and wrongfull iudgements should for euer after be abolished After this he tooke order how to keepe the realme in good and quiet gouernment fortifieng the necessarie places and furnishing them with garisons year 1067 He also appointed officers and councellers such as he thought to be wise and discréet men and appointed ships to be in the hauens by the coast for the defense of the land as he thought most expedient After his coronation or rather before as by some authours it should seeme euen presentlie vpon obteining of the citie of London he tooke his iourney towards the castell of Douer to subdue that and the rest of Kent also which when the archbishop Stigand and Egelsin the abbat of S. Augustines being as it were the chiefest lords and gouernours of all Kent did perceiue and considered that the whole realme was in an euill state that whereas in this realme of England before the comming in of the forsaid duke William there were no bondmen now all as well the Nobilitie as the Commonaltie were without respect made subiect to the intollerable bondage of the Normans taking an occasion by the perill and danger that their neighbours were in to prouide for the safegard of themselues and their countrie They caused all the people of the countie of Kent to assemble at Canturburie and declared to them the perils and dangers imminent the miserie that their neighbours were come into the pride and insolencie of the Normans and the hardnesse and griefe of bondage and seruâ—le estate Whereupon all the people rather choosing to end their vnfortunate life than to submit themselues to an vnaccustomed yoke of seruitude and bondage with a common consent determined to meet duke William line 10 and to fight with him â—or the lawes of their countâ—ie Also the foresaid Stigand the archbishop and the â—bbat Egelsin choosing rather to die in baâ—tell than to see their nation in so euill an estate being encouraged by the examples of the holie Machabees became capteins of the armie And at a daie appointed all the people met at Swanescombe and being hidden in the woods laie priuilie in wait for the comming of the foresaid duke William Now bicause it cannot hurt to take great héed line 20 and to be verie warie in such cases they agréed before hand that when the duke was come and the passages on euerie side stopped to the end he should no waie be able to escape euerie one of them as well horssemen as footmen should beare boughes in their hands The next daie after when the duke was come into the fields and territories néere vnto Swanescombe and saw all the countrie set and placed about him as it had beene a stirring and moouing wood and that with a meane pace they approched and drew neare vnto line 30 him with great discomfort of mind he woondered at that sight And assoone as the capteins of the Kentishmen sawe that duke William was inclosed in the middest of their armie they caused their trumpets to be sounded their banners to be displaied and threw downe their boughes with their bowes bent their swords drawne and their speares and other kind of weapons stretched foorth they shewed themselues readie to fight Duke William and they that were with him stood as no maruell it was sore astonied and amazed line 40 so that he which thought he had alreadie all England fast in his fist did now despaire of his owne life Therefore on the behalfe of the Kentishmen were sent vnto duke William the archbishop Stigand and Egelsin abbat of S. Augustines who told him their message in this sort My lord duke behold the people of Kent come forth to méet you and to receiue you as their liege lord requiring at your hands the things which perteine to peace and that vnder this condition that all the people of Kent enioy for euer their ancient liberties and may for euermore vse the lawes and customes of the countrie otheâ—wise they are readie presentlie to bid battell to you and them that be with you and are minded rather to die here altogither than to depart from â—he lawâ—s and customes of their countrie and to submit themselâ—â—s to bondage â—hereof as yet they neuer had experieâ—ce The duke séâ—ing himselfe to be driuen to such an exigent â—aâ—row pinch consulted a while with them that came with him prudentlie considering that if he should take anie repulse or displeasure at the hands of this people whiâ—h â—e 〈◊〉 â—ey of England all that he had done before 〈…〉 disanulled and made of none effect and all his hope and safetie should stand in danger and ieopardie not so willinglie as wiselie he granted the people of Kent their request Now when the couenant was established and pledges giuen on both sides the Kentishmen being ioyfull conducted the Normans who also were glad vnto Rochester and yéelded vp to the duke the earledome of Kent and the noble castell of Douer Thus the ancient liberties of England and the lawes and customes of the countrie which before the comming of duke William out of Normandie were equallie kept throughout all England doo through this industrie and earnest trauell of the archbishop Stigand and Egelsin abbat of S. Augustines remaine inuiolablie obserued vntill this daie within that countie of Kent ¶ Thus far Thomas Spot and after him William Thorne writeth the same Of the which the former that is Spot liued in the daies of king
decrées of the old fathers that might be preiudiciall to the authoritie of the archbishop of Yorke at whose appointment those and the like things were accustomed to be doone In this controuersie or the like it is left written that in a court held at Rome the time is not mentioned the pope perceiuing the strife betwéene these two prelats to be but for the highest place or primasie in the church he solemnelie gaue sentence by decree that the sée of Yorke should haue in title Primas Angliae Canturburie Primas totius Angliae which titles doo yet remain to them both But to leaue this and to speake of other things which chanced in the meane time that this controuersie depended betwixt the two archbishops I find that Edwin and Marchar earles of Mertia and Northumberland hauing of late obteined pardon for their former misdemeanor reconciled to the king began now so much to mislike the state of the world againe as euer they did before For perceiuing how the Englishmen were still oppressed with thraldome miserie on ech hand they conspired began a new rebellion but with verie ill successe as shall herafter appeare The king vnderstanding of their dealings and being not onelie armed throughlie with temporall force but also endued with the spirituall power of his archbishop Lanfranke who aided him in all that he might for the suppressing of those rebels wasted the countries excéedinglie where he vnderstood that they had gotten anie releefe minding vtterlie to vanquish them with sword fire and hunger or by extreame penurie to bring them vnder They on the other part make as stout resistance and perceiuing that it stood them vpon either to vanquish or to fall into vtter ruine they raise a mightie strong host and make Edgar Etheling their capteine a comelie gentleman and a valiant in whome also the whole hope of the English nation was reposed as appeareth by this his accustomed by-word Edgar Etheling Englands dearling Amongst other noble men that were chiefe dooers in the assembling of this armie Frederike abbat of S. Albons a prelate of great wealth and no lesse puissance was a principall The king perceiuing his estate to be now in no small danger is in a great perplexitie what to doo in the end he counselleth with the said Lanfranke archbishop of Canturburie how he might remedie the matter who told him that in such a desperate case the best waie for him should be to séeke by faire words and friendly offers to pacifie the English Nobilitie which by all meanes possible would neuer ceasse to molest him in the recouerie of their liberties Wherevpon he made meanes to come to some agréement with them and so well the matter procéeded line 10 on his side that the Englishmen being deceiued through his faire promises were contented to common of peace for which purpose they came also vnder the conduct of the abbat Frederike vnto Berkamsted where after much reasoning and debating of the matter for the conclusion of amitie betwixt them king William in the presence of the archbishop Lanfranke and other of his lords tooke a personall oth vpon all the relikes of the church of S. Albons and the holie euangelists the abbat Frederike ministring line 20 the same vnto him that he would from thencefoorth obserue and keepe the good and ancient approoued lawes of the realme which the noble kings of England his predecessors had made and ordeined heretofore but namelie those of S. Edward which were supposed to be most equall and indifferent The peace being thus concluded and the Englishmen growne thereby to some hope of further quietnesse they began to forsake their alies and returned each one either to his owne possessions or to giue line 30 attendance vpon the king But he warilie cloking his inward purpose notwithstanding the vnitie latelie made determineth particularlie to assaile his enimies whose power without doubt so long as it was vnited could not possiblie be ouercome as he thought and being now by reason of this peace disseuered and dispersed he thought it high time to put his secret purposes in execution wherevpon taking them at vnwares and thinking of nothing lesse than warres and sudden inuasion he imprisoneth manie line 40 killeth diuers and pursueth the residue with fire and sword taking awaie their goods possessions lands and inheritances and banishing them out of the realme In the meane time those of the English Nobilitie which could escape this his outragious tyrannie got awaie and amongst other Edgar Etheling fled againe into Scotland but Edwin was slaine of his owne souldiers as he rode toward Scotland earle Marchar and one Hereward with the bishop of Durham named Egelwinus got into the I le of line 50 Elie in purpose there to defend themselues from the iniurie of the Normans for they tooke the place by reason of the situation to be of no small strength Howbeit king William endeuouring to cut them short raised a power and stopped all the passages on the east side and on the west part he made a causie through the fennes of two miles in length whereby he got vnto them and constreined them to yeeld But Marchar or as others haue Hereward foreséeing the imminent danger likelie to take effect made line 60 shift to get out of the I le by bote and so by spéedie flight escaped into Scotland The bishop of Durham being taken was sent to the abbey of Abingdon to be kept as prisoner where he was so sparinglie fed that within a short space he died for hunger In this meane time and whilest king William was thus occupied in rooting out the English Malcolme king of Scotland had wasted the countries of Theisedale Cleueland and the lands of S. Cutbert with sundrie other places in the north parts Wherevpon Gospatrike being latelie reconciled to the king made earle of Northumberland was sent against him who sacked and destroied that part of Cumberland which the said Malcolme by violence had brought vnder his subiection At the same time Malcolme was at Weremouth beholding the fire which his people had kindled in the church of Saint Peter to burne vp the same and there hearing what Gospatrike had doone he tooke such displeasure thereat that he commanded his men they should leaue none of the English nation aliue but put them all to the sword without pitie or compassion so oft as they came to hand The bloudie slaughter which was made at this time by the Scots through that cruell commandement of Malcolme was pitifull to consider for women children old and yong went all one way howbeit manie of those that were strong and able to serue for drudges and slaues were reserued and carried into Scotland as prisoners where they remained manie yeares after in so much that there were few houses in that realme but had one or mo English slaues and captiues whom they gat at this vnhappie voiage Miserable was the state of the English at that time
subiection and obedience vnto Anselme without any condition intermitted or else that onelie which he did pretend by authoritie of the pope the bishops making answer diuerslie herevnto the king appointed those to sit downe by him as faithfull subiects who acknowledged that their renuntiation was absolutelie made without intermitting of any condition as for the other who protested that they renounced their subiection and obedience vnto him onelie in that which he presumed vpon in the behalfe of the pope he commanded them to go aside and to remaine in a corner of the house to heare the sentence of their condemnation pronounced Wherefore being put in a maruellous feare they withdrew themselues aside but yet straightwaies they deuised a shift wherewith they had beene well acquainted before as followeth They presented to the king a great masse of monie to appease his wrath and so thereby were restored to his fauour Anselme notwithstanding was obstinate in his opinion so that in the end the sentence touching this controuersie betwixt him and the king was respited till the octaues of Pentecost next insuing All this was notified well inough to the pope who vsed the matter with such moderation that by secret aduertisements giuen he tooke awaie from his brethren all rigorous waies of procéedings saieng Dum furor in cursu est currenti cede furori But yet the kings enmitie towards Anselme was openlie declared and that chéefelie for the deniall of the monie which he demanded but at length he got it though not with any frée hart or goodwill of the archbishop insomuch that the king reputed him giltie of treason Within a few daies after Walter bishop of Alba bringing to him his pall verie wiselie reconciled the pope and the king Notwithstanding all this Anselme could not purchase the kings goodwill to his contentment though he wiselie dissembled for the time so that when the bishop of Alba should returne to Rome he made sute for licence to go with him Neuerthelesse the king offered him that if he would desist from his purpose and sweare vpon the euangelists neither to go to Rome nor to appeale in any cause to the popes court he might and should liue in quietnesse frée from all danger but if he would not be so contented he might and should depart at his perill without hope to returne hither againe For surelie saith he if he go I will seize the archbishoprike into mine owne hands and receiue him no more for archbishop Anselme herewith departing from the court came to Canturburie declaring openlie what had bin said vnto him and immediatlie sought to flee out of the realme in the night prouiding for himselfe a shi◠at Douer But his purpose being reuealed to the king line 10 one William Warlewast the kings seruant was sent after him and finding him readie to depart tooke from him all that he had gaue him a free pasport out of the land Anselme repairing to Rome made vnto pope Urban a greeuous information against the king declaring into what miserable state he had brought the Realme and that for want of assistance in his suffragans it laie not in him to reforme the matter Indéed we find not that any of the bishops held line 20 with Anselme in the controuersie betwixt him and the king Ranulph bishop of Chichester excepted who both blamed the king and rebuked all such bishops as had refused to stand with Anselme and fauoured the king in cases concerning the foresaid variance Moreouer the same bishop of Chichester withstood the king and his officers in taking fines of préests for the crime of fornication by reason of which presumption the king became sore offended with him found meanes to suspend many churches of his diocesse line 30 Howbeit in the end the bishop demeaned himselfe in such wise that he had his owne will and his church doores were opened againe which had béene stopped vp before with thornes Besides this the king was contented that the said bishop should haue the fines of préests in crimes of fornication within his diocesse and enioy many other priuileges in right of his church But how beneficiall so euer he was vnto the see of Chichester true it is as Polydor writeth that he let out diuers abbeies and the bishoprike of Winchester line 40 and Salisburie with the archbishoprike of Canturburie vnto certeine persons that farmed the same at his hands for great summes of monie in so much that beside the said sees of Canturburie Winchester and Salisburie which at the time of his death he kept in his hands he also receiued the profits of eleuen abbeies which he had let out or otherwise turned to his most aduantage Robert Losaunge of some called Herbert that sometime had bin abbat of Ramsey and then bishop line 50 of Thetford by gift of a thousand pounds to the king as before ye haue heard repented him for that he was inuested by the king who after he had bewailed his offense went to Rome and did penance for the same in all points as the pope enioined him Which being doone he returned into England remoouing yer long his sée from Thetford to Norwich where he founded a faire monasterie of his owne charges and not of the churches goods as some say wherein is a doubt considering he was first an abbat and after line 60 a bishop About this time by the meanes of Stephan Harding a Monke of Shireborne an Englishman the order of Cisteaux or white moonkes had his beginning within the countrie of Burgongne as witnesneth Ranulph the moonke of Chester but other writers as Iacob Philippus say that this Stephan was the second abbat of that place and that it was founded by one Robert abbat of Molmense in the yeare of Grace 1098. This order was after brought into England by one called Walter Espeke who founded the first abbeie of that religion within this relme at Riuall about the yeare of Grace 1131. But to returne againe to the king who still continued in his wilfull couetousnesse pulling from the rich and welthie to waste and spend it out in all excesse vaine riot and gifts bestowed on such as had least deserued the same And yet he was warned by manie strange woonders as the common people did descant to refraine from these euill dooings for the Thames did rise with such high springs and tides that manie townes were drowned and much hurt doone in places about London and elsewhere Diuerse rare things happened also at the same time which I passe ouer But the king hearing hereof did nothing regard those which were so bold as to tell him that they were euident significations of some vengeance to follow therevpon The king also himselfe on a night as he slept dreamed thought that the veines of his armes were broken and that the bloud issued out in great abundance Likewise he was told by Robert Fitz Hammon that a
of manie of his men and the citizens hauing got the vpper hand reioised not a little for the victorie But here to stay a litle with temporall affaires it shall not be amisse to rehearse the effect of a contention which fell about this time betwéene that king and the archbishop of Canturburie For so it happened as Geruasius Dorobernensis writeth that pope Eugenius came this yeare into France about the middest of Lent and afterward held a synod or councell at Rhemes wherevnto Theobald archbishop of line 30 Canturburie with others of the English bishops were summoned The archbishop therevpon asking licence of the king not obteining it found meanes to steale awaie in a small bote not without danger of his person Now therefore the case of this Theobald stood verie hard for Henrie bishop of Winchester the kings brother through enuie had so wrought that if the archbishop passed ouer without licence he should be confined of the king Againe he was sure if he came line 40 not to the councell that he should be suspended by the pope Herevpon the archbishop meaning rather to offend the king than the pope got ouer as it were swimming rather than sailing the vessell wherein he passed ouer being starke naught for all the ports were kept by the kings seruants so that he was glad to take such a bote as came next to hand In consideration whereof he was highlie commended by the pope line 50 In this councell the prebendaries of Yorke togither with Henrie Mordach then abbat of Fountney presented themselues exhibiting their complaint against William archbishop of Yorke for that as they alledged he was neither canonicallie chosen nor lawfullie consecrated but intruded by the kings authoritie At length archbishop William was conuicted and deposed Albert bishop of Hostia pronouncing sentence in this wise We doo decrée by the apostolike authoritie that William archbishop line 60 of Yorke is to be deposed from his sée bicause Stephan king of England before any canonicall election named him Then for that pope Eugenius had thus deposed archbishop William although not with the consent of the more part of the cardinals the chapiter of the church of Yorke by his commandement comming togither part of them chose Hilarie bishop of Chichester and the other part elected Henrie Mordach abbat of Fountney Now pope Eugenius when both elections were shewed him at Auxerre confirmed the election of Henrie Mordach and disanulled the other and then consecrated the foresaid Henrie with his owne hands The late nominated archbishop William being thus deposed returned into England and remained at Winchester with king Henrie till the death of pope Eugenius following the counsell of the same bishop in all things Now when the councell at Rhemes was ended archbishop Theobald returned into England and comming to Canturburie was receiued with great hoâ—or of the couent and citizens there But the king remaining then at London when he heard of it was sore displeased and came with great spéed vnto Canturburie where much conference being had betwixt him and the archbishop although to small purpose for the bringing of them to an agréement at length the king compelled the archbishop to depart the realme Wherevpon after a few daies respit he went to Douer where he tooke ship and sailed into France But within a while he was called backe by the quéene and William of Ypres vnto S. Omers that they might the sooner aduertise him of the kings mind and pleasure Here he consecrated Gilbert the elect bishop of Hereford the fift daie of September Theodoric bishop of Amiens and Nicholas bishop of Cambre assisting him After this when by sending of messengers to and fro aswell bishops abbats and other both spirituall persons and temporall there could no agréement be made he directed his letter to certeine churches here in England pronouncing by a certeine day namelie the twelfe day of September a sentence of interdiction to be obserued through the relme The monks of Canturburie sore offended herewith before the prefixed day of this sentence to be put in vre sent two moonkes of their owne house Nigell and Absolon vnto the pope whose errand when the pope had vnderstood he commanded them to returne home and to obeie their archbishops sentence in all things In the meane time the archbishops men and tenants were sore oppressed and his rents and reuenues seized to the kings vse yea euen before the daies of paiment Which maner of proceeding sore gréeued the archbishop in so much that departing from S. Omers he came to Graueling and there taking the sea crossed ouer to a towne called Goseford that belonged vnto Hugh Bigot erle of Northfolke which earle receiued him with great honour and sent him all necessarie prouision so long as he remained in his countrie At the terme appointed he interdicted all the kings dominions and would not reuoke the sentence till Robert bishop of London Hilarie bishop of Chichester and William bishop of Norwich with manie other Noblemen came to him vnto Framelingham in Northfolke a castell apperteining to the said earle where at length an attonment was concluded betwixt him and the king wherevpon he was brought home vnto Canturburie with great ioy and honor He accused the moonks of Canturburie for disobeieng the interdiction trusting that the pope would not heare those two moonkes whom they had sent as he did not indéed He excommunicated also all those that had receiued the sacraments amongst them during the time of the interdiction Now these moonkes being at their wits end dispatched with all speed other two moonkes to the pope to obteine an absolution before the archbishop should vnderstand it but they were sent backe againe with checks and commanded to obeie their archbishop in all things as the other were which had béene there with him before The moonks of Canturburie that were sent to Rome returning came from thence to Bullongne where they found those that were first sent thither and so they all foure came to Canturburie The pope also had sent a priuie commandement to the archbishop that he should duelie punish as well them as the other Wherevpon the archbishop taking counsell with his fréends deposed Syluester the prior and suspended William the secretarie of the house from entring the quéere It was decreed also that the residue should cease so long a time from saieng seruice as they had said it before vnlawfullie against the archbishops commandement For it was thought reason that whilest other sang and were merrie they should keepe silence which wilfullie tooke vpon them to sing line 10 whilest other held their peace and were still They began therefore to cease from saieng diuine seruice and from ringing their bels in the second wéeke of Lent so kept silence from the twelfe day of March vntill the first day of August The quéene wife to king Stephan in this meane while lay much at S. Augustines in Canturburie bicause of hastening forward the building of
about woon by him sith the beginning of these wars likewise all the right which he had in Berrie Auâ—ergine and Gascoigne and the countie of Albemarle On the other part the king of England should resigne Gisors and certeine other places and namelie Ueurine or Ueulquesine vnto the king of France Herevpon were suerties also bound for performance and the forfeiture of fiftéene thousand marks assigned to be paid by the partie that first brake the peace Shortlie after the French king repenting him selfe of the agreement began to make a warre anew so that king Richard seized into his hands all the goods and possessions which belonged to the abbats of the order of the great monasterie of Clunie and of saint Denise la Charitie which had become suertie for the French king in the summe of 1500 marks aforesaid This yeare died William de Forz earle of Albemarle in whose place succéeded Baldwine de Betun by the kings gift and married the countesse of Albermarle There was a motion also made for a marriage betwixt the lord Otho sonne to Henrie duke of Saxonie king Richards nephue by his sister and the ladie Margaret daughter to the king of Scots so as they should haue inioied the countries of Lothian Northumberland and the countie of Caerleill with the castels For the conclusion of which marriage the archbishop of Canturburie was sent about Christmas to commune with the king of Scots but bicause the Scotish quéene was then conceiued of child hir husband in hope that God would send him a sonne refused to stand vnto the aboue mentioned couenants At this time king Richard sent the abbat of Caen who was also the elect of Durham into England to take an accompts of those that had the receipts of the kings monie for this abbat had informed the king that his receiuers and officers here in the realme dealt not iustlie in making their accompts but both deceiued the king and oppressed his people in exacting more than was due and concealing that which they ought to stand accomptable for The king supposing his words to be true or at least likelie so to line 10 be and that in reforming such vntruth in his officers it should be both profitable to him and well liked of the people sent this abbat ouer with commission to be as it were his generall auditour Howbeit Hubert archbishop of Canturburie which was gouernour of the realme in causes both temporall and spirituall by reason he had the kings authoritie as his vicegerent therefore sufficientlie countenanced also the popes as his legat authorised did somewhat stomach the matter in that it line 20 should be thought he did suffer such abuses in the kings officers and not reforme them But he held him content and said little sith the abbat shewed him the kings commission to doo that which he went about although he brought it not to passe For whereas he came ouer in lent and gaue out commandements that all such as had any thing to doo in receipt of the kings monie should appeare before him after Easter he tarried not to see Easter himselfe but was called into another world by the stroke of death line 30 there to render accompts for his owne acts here in this life committed At the same time there was another person in London called William with the long beard alià s Fitz Osbert which had likewise informed the king of certeine great oppressions and excessiue outrages vsed by rich men against the poore namelie the worshipfull of the citie the Maior and Aldermen who in their hoistings when any tallage was to be gathered burdened the poore further than was thought reason line 40 to ease themselues wherevpon the said William being a seditious person and of a busie nature ceassed not to make complaints Now bicause the king gaue eare vnto him at the first he tooke a boldnesse thereof drawing vnto him great routs of the poorer sort of people would take vpon him to defend the causes of those that found themselues greeued with the heauie yoke of richmen and gentlemen He was somewhat learned and verie eloquent he had also a verie good wit but he applied it rather to set dissention line 50 betwixt the high estates and the low than to anie other good purpose He accused also his owne brother of treason who in his youth had kept him to schoole beene verie good and beneficiall brother vnto him bicause now he would not still mainteine him with monie to beare out his riottous port Moreouer he declared to the king that by extortion and briberie of certeine men of great wealth he lost manie forfeits and escheats Manie gentlemen of honour sore hated him for line 60 his presumptuous attempts to the hindering of their purposes but he had such comfort of the king that he little passed for their malice but kept on his intent till the king being aduertised of the assemblies which he made commanded him to ceasse from such dooings that the people might fall againe to their sciences and occupations which they had for the more part left off at the instigation of this William with the long beard so named of the long heare of his â—eard which he nourished of purpose to seeme the more graue and manlike and also as it were in despite of them which counterfeited the Normans that were for the most part shauen and bicause he would resemble the ancient vsage of the English nation The kings commandement in restraint of the peoples resort vnto him was well kept a while but it was not long yer they began to follow him againe as they had doone before Then he tooke vpon him to make vnto them certeine collations or sermons taking for his theme Haurietis aquâ—â— in gaudio de fontibus saluatoris that is to saie Ye shall draw in gladnesse waters out of the founteins of your sauiour And hereto he added I am said he the sauiour of poore men ye be the poore and haue assaied the hard hands and heauie burdens of the rich now draw ye therefore the healthfull waters of vnderstanding out of my wels and springs and that with ioy For the time of your visitation is come I shall part waters from waters by waters I vnderstand the people and I shall part the people which are good and méeke from the people that are wicked and proud and I shall disseuer the good and euill euen as light is diuided from darkenesse By these and such persuasions and means as he vsed he had gotten two and fiftie thousand persons readie to haue taken his part as appeared after by a roll of their names found in his kéeping besides diuerse instruments of iron to breake vp houses and other things seruing to such like purposes So that he brought the commoners into a great liking of him but the rich and wealthie citizens stood in much feare so that they kept their
discharged by Iohn Mansell one of the kings iustices afore whom and other the kings councell the inquisition was taken and then was the custodie of the citie assigned vnto the constable of the tower and in place of the shiriffes were appointed Michaell Tonie and Iohn Audrian At length the maior shiriffes and Aldermen that were accused perceiuing the kings displeasure towards them submitted themselues wholie to his mercie sauing to them and to all other the citizens their liberties franchises and so in the excheker chamber at Westminster afore the king there sitting in iudgement vpon the matter they were condemned to paie their fines for their offenses committed and further euerie of them discharged of his ward and office Shortlie after was William Fitz Richard by the kings commandement made maior and Thomas Fitz Thomas and William Grapisgate shiriffes The archbishop of Yorke was accurssed by the popes commandement through all England with booke bell and candle that by such terror his constancie might he weakened But the archbishop saith Matthew Paris informed by the example of Thomas Becket and by the example and doctrine of saint Edmund sometime his instructor and also taught by the faithfulnesse of blessed Robert late bishop of Lincolne despaired not of comfort from heauen in bearing patientlie the popes tyrannie neither would he bestow the wealthie reuenues of his church vpon Italians being vnworthie persons and strangers neither would he obeie and incline to the popes will like a faint-harted person by leaning and setting apart the rigor of the law least therby he might séeme to result from his pastorlike office and animate the woolfe of Rome to breake into the shéepfold of the church whose purpose was to sucke the verie bloud quite and cleane out of euerie veine yea to bite out bowels and all Which qualitie to rest in him wofull experience hath taught and the testimonie of written verities hath shewed among which this one for the truth thereof is worthie to be reported euen to the praise of the deuiser for his prettie deuise therein comprised and here set downe as fit for the purpose Non pontifex sed potifex Non potifex sed panifex Non panifex sed carnifex Est papa pater pontifex About â—he beginning of the two and fortith yeare of king Henries reigne the lord Iames Audelie that had béene ouer with the king of Almaine and was latelie returned home in companie of the lord Henrie sonne to the said king who came backe from his father about the feast of saint Michaell last past vnderstanding how the Welshmen in his absence had burnt wasted and destroied his lands possessions and castels which belonged vnto him in the confines of Wales he meant to be reuenged of those iniuries and inuading them he slue a great number of them so reuenging the death of those his freends seruants and tenants whome they before had murthered The Welshmen were not so discouraged herewith but that they brake vpon him out of their starting-holes and places of refuge through the marishes and slaieng their enimies horsses put them backe to their power ceassed not to doo what mischeefe they could line 10 by spoiling killing and burning houses and castels where they might come vnto them and so the realme of England was dailie put to losses hinderances For out of Wales England was accustomed to be furnished with horsses cattell and other things to the great profit of both the countries About the same time there was an ambassage sent from the king of England to the French king by the bishop of Worcester the elect of Winchester the abbat of Westminster the earle of Leicester Hugh Bigod earle line 20 Marshall with Peter de Sauoy and Robert Walcron The effect of their message was to require restitution of those countries lands cities and townes which had bene euicted out of the hands of king Iohn and others apperteining by right of inheritance to the king of England These lords did their message but as was thought they had no towardlie answer but rather were put off with trifling words scornefull â—awnts so that they returned shortlie againe all of them the abbat of Westminster onelie excepted line 30 who remained there behind for a fuller answer not â—nelie to those requests exhibited on the part of the king of England but also on the behalfe of the king of Almaine The marshes towards Wales in this season were brought almost desert by reason of the continuall wars with the Welshmen for what with fire sword neither building nor liuing creature nor any other thing was spared that fire sword might bring to ruine line 40 In this yeare was an exceeding great dearth in so much that a quarter of wheat was sold at London for foure and twentie shillings whereas within two or thrée yeares before a quarter was sold at two shillings It had beene more déerer if great store had not come out of Almaine for in France and in Normandie it likewise failed year 1258 But there came fiftie great ships fraught with wheat and barlie with meale and bread out of Dutchland by the procurement of Richard king of Almaine which greatlie releeued the poore for proclamation was made and order line 50 taken by the king that none of the citizens of London should buy any of that graine to laie it vp in store whereby it might be sold at an higher price vnto the needie But though this prouision did much ease yet the want was great ouer all the realme For it was certeinelie affirmed that in three shires within the realme there was not found so much graine of that yeares growth as came ouer in those fiftie ships The proclamation was set foorth to restreine the Londoners from ingrossing vp that graine and not without cause for the wealthie citizens were euill spoken of in that season bicause in time of scarsitie they would either staie such ships as fraught with vittels were comming towards the citie and send them some other way foorth or else buy the whole that they might sell it by retaile at their plesure to the needie By means of this great dearth and scarsitie the common people were constreined to liue vpon hearbs roots and a great number of the poore people died through famine which is the most miserable calamitie that can betide mortall men and was well marked euen of the heathen but notablie by Ouid who making a description of famine setteth hir foorth in most ouglie and irkesome sort intending therby the dreadfulnes of that heauie plague saieng Quaesitámque famem lapidoso vidit in antro Vnguibus raris vellentem dentibus herbas Hirtus erat crinis caua lumina pallor in ore Labra incana situ scabrirubigine dentes Dura cutis per quam spectari viscera possent Ossa sub incuruis extabant arida lumbis Ventris erat pro ventre locus pendêre putares Pectus à spinae tantummodo
well affected towards some good conclusion by treatie to be had of a full and perfect peace About the same time by the king with the aduise of his councell proclamation was made and published at London that all beneficed men abiding in the court of Rome being Englishmen borne should returne home into England before the feast of S. Nicholas vnder paine to forfeit all their benefices and such as were not beneficed vnder a paine likewise limited The Englishmen hearing such a thunder clap a farre off fearing the blow left the popes court and returned into their natiue soile The pope troubled with such a rumbling noise sent in all hast as abbat as his nuncio vnto the king of England as well to vnderstand the causes of this proclamation as of statutes deuised and made latelie in parlement against those that prouided themselues of benefices in the court of Rome by the popes buls which séemed not a little preiudiciall to the church of Rome in consideration whereof the said nuncio required that the same statutes might be repealed and abolished so farre as they tended to the derogation of the church liberties but if the same statutes were not abolished the pope might not said his nuncio with a safe conâ—â—ience otherwise doo than procéed against them that made those statutes in such order as the canons did appoint Moreouer the said nuncio declared to the king certeine dangerous practises betwixt the antipape and the French king as to make the duke of Touraine the French kings brother king of Tuscane and Lombardie and to establish the duke of Aniou in the kingdome of Sicile Moreouer he gaue the king to vnderstand that if the French king might compasse by the antipapes meanes to be chosen emperour he would séeke to vsurpe vpon ech mans right and therefore it stood the line 10 king of England chieflie in hand to prouide against such practises in time And as for the treatie of peace which the Frenchmen séemed so much to fauour it was to none other end but that vpon agreement once had they might more conuenientlie compasse their purpose in the premisses Furthermore the nuncio earnestlie besought the king of aid in the popes behalfe against the French king if as he threatned to doo he should inuade him in Italie with open force The king séemed to giue fauourable eare vnto line 20 the nuncio and after aduise taken appointed to staie till after Michaelmasse at what time a parlement was appointed to be assembled wherein such things as he had proponed should be weied and considered and some conclusion taken therein About this time or in the yeare 1391 according to Henrie Knightons account there was a prophane statute made against the church churchmen namelie that no ecclesiasticall person or persons should possesse manors glebeland houses possessions lands line 30 reuenues or rents whatsoeuer at the hands of the feoffer without the kings licence the chiefe lords And this statute extended it selfe as well to parish-churches chappels chanteries as abbeies priories other monasteries whatsoeuer likewise to citizens of cities to farmers burgesses hauing such rents or possessions for the common profit For men in those daies that would bestow land or liuelod vpon church fraternitie or conuent and were notable for cost and charges to procure a mortmane vnder the line 40 kings licence and chiefe lords were woont to feoffe some speciall men in whom they had confidence and trust vnder whose name and title churchmen or anie other fraternitie or conuent might inioy the profit of the gift and might haue the commoditie thereof in possession And it was prouided by that statute that all and euerie as well persons ecclesiasticall as parishioners both citizens burgesses and farmers or anie other whatsoeuer hauing such rents possessions manors or anie reuenues whatsoeuer in the hands line 50 of such feoffers without the licence of the king and chiefe lords that either they should obteine and get a licence of the king and the chiefe lords to make it a mortmaine or else set such things to sale raise profit of them on this side or before the feast of Michaelmasse next insuing or the said feast being past and expired that then the king and the chiefe lords in things not ordered and disposed accordinglie may enter and seize vpon the same and them haue and hold at his and their pleasure line 60 About the same time the duke of Glocester went into Prutzen land to the great griefe of the people that made account of his departure as if the sunne had beene taken from the earth doubting some mishap to follow to the common wealth by his absence whose presence they thought sufficient to stay all detriments that might chance for in him the hope of the commons onelie rested In his returne home he was sore tormented with rough weather and tempestuous seas At length he arriued in Northumberland and came to the castell of Tinmouth as to a sanctuarie knowen to him of old where after he had refreshed him certeine daies he tooke his iournie homewards to Plaschie in Essex bringing no small ioy for his safe returne to all the kingdome ¶ On the ninth of Iulie the sunne séemed darkened with certeine grosse and euill fauored clouds comming betwixt it and the earth so as it appeared ruddie but gaue no light from noone till the setting thereof And afterwards conâ—â—nualliâ— for the space of six weeks about the middest of the daie clouds customablie rose and sometimes they continued both daie and night not vanishing awaie at all ¶ At the same time such a mortalitie and death of people increased in Northfolke and in manie other countries of England that it seemed not vnlike the season of the great pestilence In the citie of Yorke there died eleuen thousand within a short space ¶ Henrie Persie earle of Northumberland lieutenant of Calis was called home from that charge and created warden of the marches against Scotland and Robert Mowbraie was sent to Calis to be the kings lieutenant there On friday next after All soules day the parlement began at London in which the knights would in no wise agrée that the statute made against spirituall men for the prouiding themselues of benefices in the court of Rome should be repealed but yet they agréed thus much that it should be tollerated so as with the kings licence such spirituall men might purchase to themselues such benefices till the next parlement ¶ In this parlement aforsaid there was granted vnto our lord the king one tenth of the clergie and one fiftéenth of the people towards the expenses of Iohn duke of Lancaster who in Lent next following went ouer into France to the citie of Amiens for a finall peace betweene the kingdoms of England and France where the king of France met him with a shew of great pompe and honor sending before him first of all to welcome him thither the citizens of
and was princelie rewarded at that present was the marriage concluded betwixt the king and the ladie Anne sister vnto duke William of Cleue great preparation was made for the receiuing of hir ¶ The twelfe of October the nunnerie of Haliwell foorthwith the priorie of S. Marie oueries in Southworke and S. Bartholomews in Smithfield were suppressed all their lands goods taken to the kings vse Thomas Huntlow of London for this yeare shiriffe gaue the habardashers certeine tenements for the which they be bound to giue to ten poore almes people of the same companie euerie one of them eight pence euerie fridaie for euer and also at euerie quarter dinner kept by the masters to be line 10 giuen to euerie one of those ten poore people a penie loafe a pottell of ale a péece of beefe worth foure pence in a platter with porage and foure pence in monie The fouretéenth of Nouember Hugh Feringdon abbat of Reding and two priests the one called Rug and the other Onion attainted of high treason for denieng the supremacie of the king ouer the church of England were drawne hanged and quartered at Reding The same daie was Richard Whiting line 20 abbat of Glastenburie likewise hanged and quartered on Towre hill beside his monasterie for the same matter and other treasons whereof he had beene conuicted The first of December was Iohn Bech abbat of Colchester put to death for the like offense In December were appointed to wait on the kings person fiftie gentlemen called pensioners or speares vnto whome was assigned the sum of fiftie pounds yeerelie a péece for the maintenance line 30 of themselues and two horsses or one horsse and a gelding of seruice The eleuenth daie of December at the turne pike on this side Graueling was the ladie Anne of Cleue receiued by the lord deputie of the towne of Calis and with the speares and horssemen belonging to the retinue there When she came within little more than a mile of the towne of Calis she was met by the erle of Southampton high admerall of England who had in his companie thirtie gentlemen of the kings houshold as sir Francis Brian sir Thomas line 40 Seimer and others beside a great number of gentlemen of his owne retinue clad in blue veluet and crimsin satin and his yeomen in damaske of the same colours The mariners of his ship were apparelled in satin of Bridges cotes slops of the same colour The lord admerall brought hir into Calis by Lanterne gate There was such a peale of ordinance shot off at hir entrie as was maruellous to the hearers The maior presented hir with an hundred markes in gold the merchants of the staple line 50 with an hundred souereignes of gold in a rich purse She was lodged in the kings place called the Checker and there she laie fiftéene daies for want of prosperous wind During which time goodlie iusts and costlie bankets were made to hir for hir solace and recreation And on S. Iohns daie in Christmasse she with fiftie saile tooke passage about noone and landed at Dele in the Downes about fiue of the clocke where sir Thomas Chenie lord Warden of the ports receiued hir line 60 She taried there a certeine space in a castell newlie built and thither came the duke of Suffolke and the dutches of Suffolke and the bishop of Chichester with a great number of knights and esquiers and ladies of Kent and other which welcomed hir grace and brought hir that night vnto Douer castell where she rested till mondaie on which daie notwithstanding it was verie foule and stormie weather she passed towards Canturburie and on Baram downe met hir the archbishop of Canturburie with the bishops of Elie S. Asse S. Dauies and Douer and so brought hir to S. Augustins without Canturburie where she laie that night The next daie she came to Sittingburne and laie there that night As she passed towards Rochester on Newyeares euen on Reinam downe met hir the duke of Norffolke and the lord Dacres of the south and the lord Montioie with a great companie of knights and esquiers of Norffolke and Suffolke with the barons of the escheker which brought hir to Rochester where the laie in the palace all Newyeares daie On which daie the king longing to sée hir accompanied with no more but eight persons of his priuie chamber year 1540 both he and they all apparelled in marble cotes priuilie comming to Rochester suddenlie came to hir presence wherof at the first she was somewhat astonied but after he had spoken to hir and welcomed hir she with louing countenance and gratious behauiour him receiued and welcomed him on hir knées whom he gentlie tooke vp and kissed and all that after noone communed and deuised with hir supped that night with hir and the next daie he departed to Gréenewich and she came forward to Dartford On the morrow the third daie of Ianuarie being saturdaie in a faire plaine of Blackeheath more neere to the foot of Shooters hill than the ascendent of the same called Blackheath hill was pitched a pauilion of rich cloth of gold and diuerse other tents and pauilions in which were made fiers and perfumes for hir and such ladies as were appointed to receiue hir and from the tents to the parke gate of Greenewich all the bushes and fixs were cut downe and a large open waie made for the shew of all persons And first next to the parke pale on the east side stood the merchants of the stilliard and on the west side stood the merchants of Genoa Florence and Uenice and the Spaniards in cotes of veluet Then on both sides the waie stood the merchants of the citie of London and the aldermen with the councellors of the said citie to the number of a hundred and thréescore which were mingled with the esquiers then the fiftie gentlemen pensioners and all these were apparelled in veluet and chaines of gold trulie accounted to the number of twelue hundred aboue beside them that came with the king and hir which were six hundred in veluet cotes and chaines of gold Behind the gentlemen stood the seruingmen in good order well horssed and apparelled that who so euer had well viewed them might haue said that they for tall and comelie personages and cleane of lim and bodie were able to giue the greatest prince in christendome a mortall breakefast if he had béene the kings enimie About twelue of the clocke hir grace with all the companie which were of hir owne nation to the number of an hundred horsse accompanied with the dukes of Norffolke and Suffolke the archbishop of Canturburie and other bishops lords and knights which had receiued and conueied hir came downe Shooters hill towards the tents and a good space from the tents met hir the earle of Rutland appointed lord chamberlaine to hir grace sir Thomas Denise hir chancellor and all hir councellors and officers amongst whome doctor
electus est Quod Bonifacius Cantuariensis archiepisc indignè tulit episcopis prouinciae suae cōuocatis in difficilimis quibusdam nodosis quaestionibus per Lincolniēsem episcopum compositis seriò examinauit deinde electione rescissa hunc Robertum repulit Richardum quendam de Wiz loco suo incōsulto rege substituit Next writeth Matthew Westminster that in the yeare of Christ 1233 being the seuentéenth of Henrie the third the nobilitie accused manie of the kings councellors amongst whome they placed Robertum Passelew thesaurarium Againe line 20 a little after he saith Et sic abscondit se iterum Robertus Passelew qui post Walterum Carleolensem officium thesaurarij administrauerat Of whose death Matthew Paris writeth thus Eodem quoque anno which was 1252 being the fiue and thirtith yeere of Henrie the third octauo idus Iunij obijt apud Waltham Robertus Passelew archidiaconus Lewis c whome I will here leaue although not in that place in which he should come if I had once resolued with my selfe that he had beene treasuror of England But because I had to speake line 30 of him with Peter de Riuallis I thought here in one place to set downe what I had read of them both and so to ioine them after their death which were so fast ioined in offices during their liues Hugh Pateshull treasuror of the excheker which was treasuror of the gréene wax or of the seale was also treasuror to the king in the eightéenth and ninetéenth yeare of his reigne and after made iustice of all England as Matthew Paris hath set downe in these words Rex autēfretus consilio saniori in the yere of line 40 Christ 1234 being the 18 yéere of Henrie the third Hugonem de Pateshull clericum filium videlicet Simonis de Pateshull quiquandóque habenas moderabatur totius regni iusticiarij virum fidelem honestum loco praedictorum which were Stephan Segraue chéefe iustice of England and Peter de Riuallis treasuror subrogauit Administrauerat enim idem Hugo officium scaccarij antea laudabiliter secundum quod appellatur secretum sigillum custodiendo definitam pecuniam à vicecomitibus recipiendo quare plenior fides est ei adhibita paterna fidelitate testimoniū line 50 fidei perhibente He was confirmed bishop of Couentrie in the yéere of Christ one thousand two hundred and fortie being the 24 yere of Henrie the third who hauing bin the kings tresuror before did now with great solemnitie take his leaue of the barons of the excheker with teares and they all rose vp and kissed him Of whose election in the yeare of our Lord one thousand two hundred thirtie and nine to that bishoprike thus further writeth the said Matth. touchching the moonks of Couentrie Eligerunt secundum line 60 praedictam formam dominum Hugonem de Pateshull c canonicum sancti Pauli London domini regis cancellariū in episcopum custodem animarum suarum Concerning whome I collected this note out of the register of Westminster that Philip Coleuille knight the sonne of William Coleuille the sonne of Agnes Foliot gaue to Richard abbat of Westminster all his part of the inheritance which was Robert Foliots brother to the said Agnes in Langden Morton and Chalneie witnesses Rafe bishop of Chichester chancellor and Hugh Pateshull treasuror in the ninetéenth yeare of the reigne of Henrie the third which Pateshull Matthew Westminster in the yeere of Grace 1234 calleth Summum thesaurarium Galfridus Templarius whome some will haue treasuror but by what reson I cannot conceiue as yet and therefore will not obstinatlie reiect him nor hastilie receiue him into this place of the treasuror of this man is more spoken amongst the chancellors William Hauerhull a canon of Paules church in London was made treasuror to king Henrie the third the yere of our redemption one thousand two hundred and fortie being the foure and twentith yeare of the reigne of the said Henrie in which place he continued in the eight and twentith yeare of the said Henrie the third being the yeare of our redemption 1244. He died at London in the yeare one thousand two hundred fiftie two being the six and thirtith yeare of the reigne of king Henrie the third as saith the addition to Matthew Paris fol. 1128 after which the said author fol. 1226 laied his death in the yeere of Christ 1256 being the 39 yeare of king Henrie the third such error is crept into histories by the negligence of the transcriber but I suppose the first note of his death to be the truer because the same is confirmed by Matth. West speaking in the said yeare 1252 of the death of this man for whose epitaph these folowing verses were made Hîc iacet Hauerhulle iaces protothesaurarie regis Hinc Hauerhulle gemis non paritura talem Fercula culta dabas empyrea vina pluebas A modo sit Christus cibus esca tibi I haue also read a note of one William Hauerhull which might be this man which saith that William Hauerhull the sonne of Brithmarus de Hauerhull gaue houses in Cheapeside to the abbeie of Westminster and that one Thomas de Hauerhull was the sonne and heire of William Hauerhull Richard de Barking abbat of Westminster as witnesseth the liues of the abbats was one especiall councellor to Henrie the third chéefe baron of the excheker and treasuror of England who I suppose did follow William Hauerhull For his death which happened on the thrée and twentith daie of Nouember in the thirtith yeare of king Henrie the third in the yeare of Christ 1246 after that he had béene abbat foure and twentie yéeres must needs prooue him to be treasuror before Philip Louell yea and peraduenture as is most likelie before Hugh Pateshull Yet Matthew Paris speaking of the death of Hauerhull will néeds haue Philip Louell to succéed William Hauerhull as after shall appéere This Richard de Barking was buried in Westminster church before the midle of the altar in our ladie chapell in a toome of marble which after in the time of William Colchester abbat of that place was pulled downe by frier Combe a sacrist of that house of Westminster who laied a faire plaine marble stone ouer him with this present epitaph thus inscribed Richardus Barking prior post inclytus abbas Henrici regis prudens fuit iste minister Huius erat prima laus insula rebus opima Altera laus éque Thorp census Ocham decimequ◠Tertia Mortone castrum simili ratione Et regis quarta de multis commoda charta Clementis festo mundo migrauit abisto M. Domini C. bis xl sextóque sub anno Cui detur venia parte pia virgo Maria. Philip Luuell or Louell was in this order aduanced to the office of treasuror as appeereth by these words of Matthew Paris vpon the death of Williliam Hauerhull Et cùm crederetur quòd dominus rex
as appeareth by the bookes of the law being chancellor deliuered a record with his hands into the court of the kings bench Of this man more shall be set downe hereafter in my discourse of the chancellors Roger Northborow as I take it being then bishop of Couentrie did honorablie possesse the place of the lord tresuror of England in the sixtéenth yéere of the reigne of king Edward the third being the yéere of our redemption one thousand three hundred fortie and two Of whome thus writeth Matthew Parker in the life of Iohn Stratford archbishop of Canturburie Ibi meaning at the tower concilium initum est tandémque definituÌ„ vt archiepiscopus episcopus Cicestrensis regni cancellarius Couentrensis thesaurarius vnà cum alijs a satellitibus lictoribus deprehensi ad publicam custodiam rerum à se absente rege gestarum rationem reddituri ducerentur Manè accedunt sateâ—lites Lametham sed archiepiscopus ei pridie decesserat tum Londinum reuersi Couentrensem Cicestrensem episcopos cum alijs designatis capiunt captos ad turâ—im deducunt c. William de Cusans being lord treasuror in the seauenteenth yeare of Edward the third in the yeare of our redemption one thousand three hundred fortie and thrée continued in the same office all Michaelmasse tearme in the eightéenth yeare of the said Edward the third and the yeare of Christ one thousand thrée hundred fortie and foure and being a yeare more Betweene whom Thomas Henlee abbat of Westminster was great contention about the iurisdiction of the hospitall of saint Iames in the parish of saint Margaret in Westminster which hospitall is now a statelie house belonging to the prince and built by king Henrie the eight called the manor of saint Iames with a parke walled about with bricke William de Edington lord chancellor and treasuror of England and bishop of Winchester was lord treasuror in Easter terme the ninetéenth yeare of Edward the third being about the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred fortie and fiue in which office he continued vntill the two and thirtith of the said king one thousand three hundred fiftie and eight being fourteene years which was as I thinke as manie more years as anie one man did possesse that place since the beginning of the reigne of king Edward the third vntill the time of this Wâ—llam Edington He was so surnamed of the place where hée was borne being the towne of Edington in Wiltshire he was made bishop of Winchester as some haue about the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred fortie and seuen being about the one and twentith yeare of king Edward the third This man chosen bishop of Canturburie but yet neuer bishop died as hath Walsingham in the fortith yeare of the reigne of king Edward the third being the yeare of our redemption one thousand three hundred sixtie and six I haue read of a bishop of Norwich that should also be treasuror in the foure and twentith of Edward the third which must fall in the time that this Edington did continue that office but how true it is I leaue to others to consider vntill I haue in my large booke of the liues of the lord treasurors dissolued that and all other doubts and contrarieties that are here touched or by authors reported Iohn bishop of Rochester was lord treasuror in the two and thirtith yeare of king Edward the third in the yeare of our redemption 1358 in which office he continued in the thirtie thrée and thirtie fourth yéere of Edward the third Simon Langham being of the priorie of Westminster made abbat of that house was shortlie after made lord treasuror of England which office he held in the fiue thirtith and six and thirtith yeare of king Edward the third who being bishop of London as hath Matthew Parker was in the yeare that the wordof the father tooke on it the forme of a seruant by due account 1361 being the fiue and thirtith yeare of king Edward the third by the pope made bishop of Elie where he sat fiue yeares and was after in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and six being the fortith yeare of the reigne of king Edward the third chosen bishop of Canturburie and consecrated in the yeare of our redemption 1367 as saith the same Matthew Parker On which daie of his consecration he demanded homage of the erle Stafford of Thomas Rosse Iohn Kirrell Robert Brockill Rafe Sentleger knights for their lands which they held of the sée of Canturburie Shortlie after which in the yere of our redemption one thousand three hundred sixtie and eight being the two and fortith yeare of the reigne of king Edward the third he was made cardinall died at Auimere the two and twentith daie of Iulie about the yeare of our redemption as saith one Anonymus M.S. 1376 being the fiftith yeare of king Edward the third and was buried besides Auinion in a place line 10 which he had raised from the foundation three yeares after which his bones were brought to Westminster where at this daie he hath one honorable toome on the south side of the shrine amongst the kings on whose toome the moonks of Westminster did sometime place this same epitaph in the remembrance of him Simon de Langham sub petris his tumulatus Istius ecclesiaemonachus fuerat prior abbas Sede vacante fuit electus Londoniensis line 20 Praesul insignis eligi sed postea primâ—s Totius regni magnus regÃsque minister Nam thesaurarius cancellarius eius Ac cardinalis in Roma presbyter iste Postque Praenestinus est factus episcopus atque Nuntius ex parte papae transmittitur istuc Orbe dolente pater quem nunc reuocare nequimus Magdalenae festo milleno septuageno Et ter centeno sexto Christi ruit anno Hunc Deus absoluat de cunctis quae malè gessit line 30 Et meritis matris sibi coelica gaudia donet Of this man I haue intreated in my discourse of the cardinals pag. 1165. and in my collection of all the chancellors of England hereafter following Iohn Barnet made bishop of Worcester in the yeare of our redemption one thousand thrée hundred sixtie and two being the six and thirtith yeare of king Edward the third was treasuror of England in the seuen and thirtith yeere of Edward the third in which office he continued being treasuror in Michaelmasse line 40 tearme in the eight thirtith yeare of the reigne of the said Edward the third which fell in the yeare of Christ one thousand three hundred sixtie foure and so he continued in the thrée fortith yéere of king Edward the third still treasuror He was made bishop of Bath in the yeare of our redemption 1363 in which bishoprike he remained thrée yeares and was by Urbane the sixt then bishop of Rome translated from Bath to Elie in the
the said Henrie the first being chosen bishop in the yere of Christ one thousand one hundred and two and consecrated in the yeare one thousand one hundred and seuen Galfridus Rufus bishop of Durham witnesse to a déed wherein Henrie the first confirmed to the priorie of Christs church a peece of ground without Aldgate called Knighton guild in the presence of Geffrie chancellor Geffrie Clinton and William Clinton he was also chancellor in the two and twentith yéere of Henrie the first and so vntill the thrée and thirtith yeare of the reigne of Henrie the first and then was made bishop of Durham which Geffrie died about the yere of our redemption one thousand one hundred fortie and one Ranulphus called by Matthew Westminster Arnulphus chancellor to Henrie the first and Richard the chapleine kéeper of the great seale being at one time This Ranulph was chancellor in the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred and sixtéene being the sixtéenth of king Henrie the first in which office I suppose that he continued vntill the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred twentie and thrée being the thrée and twentith of the said Henrie in which yeare this chancellor for so is he then called fell from his horsse and brake his necke on a hill not far from Dunstable where the king kept his Christmasse Reginald chancellor to king Henrie the first as Leland hath set him downe writing in this sort in his notes of Montacute abbeie Reginaldus cancellarius so named béelike of his office he was a man of gret fame about king Henrie the first he fell to religion and was prior of Montacute and inlarged it with great buildings and possessions c. Roger bishop of Salisburie againe chancellor in the latter end of the reigne of king Henrie the first and in the beginning of king Stephan in the yere of Christ one thousand one hundred thirtie and six which Henrie the first died in the yeare of our redemption one thousand one hundred thirtie and fiue being the fiue and thirtith yeare of the reigne of the said Henrie This Roger died in the yeare of Christ one thousand one hundred thirtie and nine being about the fourth yeare of king Stephan Godfreie chancellor to Henrie the first as I gather out of Matthew Parker in the life of William Corbell or Corbris the six and thirtith archbishop of â—â—â—â—â—rburie to which dignitie this William was 〈◊〉 in the three and twentith yeare of Henrie 〈…〉 being the yeare of Christ 1123 of which Godâ—â—â—â—e the said Matthew further writeth in this sort speaking of the said William the archbishop returned from Rome with the pall Deinde Alexandrum Lincolniensem episcopum Cantuariae Godefredum regni cancellarium Bathoniensem episcopum Londini conseâ—rauit Concerning which Godfreie we will speake more hereafter in the liues of the chancellors onelie at this time setting downe that this Godefredus was the line 10 quéenes chapleine and could not be that Galfridus before named which was bishop of Durham for this Godefredus died six yeares before that Galfridus for this bishop of Bath died in the yeare of our Lord 1135 being the last of king Henrie Beauclerke and the first of king Stephan that bishop of Durham died in the yeare of our Lord 1141 being about the sixt yeare of the said king Stephan and this Godfreie was the second bishop of Bath and Wels line 20 after the vniting of those two cities to one bishoprike by Iohn de Towres the first bishop of those two places in the yeare of our Lord 1092 being about the fift yeare of William Rufus Alexander bishop of Lincolne as may be after a sort gathered out of Wilhelmus Paruus lib. 1. cap. 6. being cousine or nephue to Roger bishop of Salisburie was chancellor the words of which W. Paruus be these Eidem that was to king Stephan quoque sublimato in regem se that was Roger bishop of Salisburie line 30 talem exhibuit vt obsequiorum gratia praeclaram apud illum habere fiduciam videretur Tantis ille beneficijs ingratus in ipsum episcopum cuius opera nunquam episcopalia fuere vltor diuinitus ordinatus eundem tanquam exigui hominem momenti primo carcerati custodia postmodum etiam cibi inopia nepoti eius qui cancellarius fuerat regis intentato supplicio ita coarctauit vt duo illa praeclara castella which were the castels of Uise otherwise called de Deuises and the castell of Shirburne in quibus thesauri eius erant repositi resignaret Thus much Wilhelmus line 40 Newburgensis the truth whereof I leaue to other to consider sith the words of those authors may be diuerslie expounded either that this Alexander was chancellor or his sonne or else the sonne of Roger bishop of Salisburie But be it any or none of them as the truth shall hereafter be made plaine yet bicause I haue mentioned Alexander in this place I thinke it not amisse to set downe such verses as Henrie Huntington hath recited of this Alexander which are Splendor Alexandri non tam renitescit honore Quà m per eum renitescit honor flos námque virorum line 50 Dando tenere putans thesauros cogit honoris Et gratis dare festinans ne danda rogentur Quod non dum dederit non dum se credit habere Oh decus oh morum directio quo veniente Certa fides hilaris clementia cauta potestas Lene iugum doctrina placens correctio dulcis Libertásque decens venere pudórque facetus Lincoliae gens magna prius nec maxima semper Talis iste diu sit nobis tutor honoris Robert chancellor of England in the time of line 60 king Stephan but I find not in what yeare bicause the charter is without date neither can I learne what he was bicause I know not his surname Philip chancellor to king Stephan about the fourth yeare of his reigne being about the yeare of our Lord 1139 witnesse to manie déedes which king Stephan made to the moonks of Elie and to Nigellus the bishop of that sée Reinold abbat of Walden whome I haue séene in one anonymall briefe written chronicle to be termed chancellor but in what time he liued or what other name he had I doo not yet know but by the course of the historie much about this time Iohn chancellor of England in the time of king Henrie the second but what he was or in what yeare of king Henrie he liued I doo not know and therefore leaue it to him that both can and ought to giue life to these persons whom he imprisoneth in the east castell of London not doubting but in time he will doo his countrie good and correct other men though now he be so streict laced as that he will not procure anie furtherance of other mens trauels Thomas Becket made chancellor as some write in the first yeere of the reigne of king Henrie
to helpe the poore with monie or vittels needfull To make malt of oates in countries where there hath béene vse thereof No waste of bread corne superfluouslie nor anie expense thereof but for féeding of people None suffered to make starch of anie graine Able poore people to be set to worke Stocks of monie for prouision of works for poore people Clothiers to continue their worke-folks line 10 Souldiors hurt and impotent people to be relieued in their dwelling places That no millers be suffered to be common buiers of corne nor to sell meale but to attend to the true grinding of the corne brought to vse measurable tole these deare seasons Conferences to be had betwixt the iustices of peace in the shires and the principall officers of cities and townes corporat for prouisions of graine for the inhabitants in cities and corporat towns Order for places exempted from the iurisdiction line 20 of the iustices of peace in the bodies of the shires Regard to staie all transportation of graine out of the realme Certificat to be made of the execution of these orders monethlie to the shiriffe and he to certifie the same to the priuie councell within euerie fortie daies To certifie what iustices be absent from the seruice that such as without iust excuse shall not attend maie be displaced and their rooms if there be need supplied The conclusion of these orders is this Ad verbum That if anie shall offend against the true meaning line 30 of these instructions or of anie part thereof or shall vse anie sinister meane to the defrauding thereof that such be seuerelie punished according to the lawes and for such obstinat persons as shall not conforme themselues the iustices shall at their plesure bind them to appeare before the quéenes maiesties priuie councell by a daie certeine there to be further delt with by seuere punishment for the better example of all others Now as Holinshed and such as with painfull care and loue to their countrie haue thought good before me to knit vp the seuerall reigne of euerie seuerall king with a generaltie of the seuerall writers in that princes daies So haue I béene importuned by manie of my friends to knit vp the said whole historie with a particular catalog of all such as haue purposelie in seuerall histories of this realme or by the waie in the histories of other countries written of England and English matter For which cause line 50 with the title of other anonymall chronicles I haue here for that purpose by order of alphabet set downe the same Wherein although I shall not set downe euerie mans name nor of what time qualitie euerie one was for he is not liuing I suppose that can doo the same yet hauing doone my good will therein and that more than perhaps some others would haue doone I praie thée to beare with the defaults and accept that which I haue doone and could doo And although perhaps I maie set downe line 60 one man twise as first by his name and then set downe the worke without his name as another seuerall thing yet is it not of purpose doone or to the end that I would make a great shew and séeme ambitious of names or knowledge but for that I haue not as yet atteined to that perfection which hereafter I hope to doo in distinguishing of the same For Rome was not built in one daie yet if one daies foundation thereof had not beene first laid it had neuer béene after builded and so to the matter A Abbo Floriacensis liued in the time of Dunstane archbishop of Canturburie to whome he dedicated his booke Abbas Wiseburgensis Nicholaus Adams liued in the daies of king Edward the sixt Alfric Abbas Alfric that gathered the liues of the saints in Saxonie which I sometimes had it maie be that these two were all one man Alfridus Beuerlacensis thesaurarius whom Leland calleth Aluredus Fibroleganus Alanus abbat of Teukesburie one of the foure that writ the Quadrilogium of Thomas Becket in the time of king Iohn Alexander Hessebiensis he writ Epitome Britannicae historiae Alexander Somersetensis Alexander Staffordiensis Aelius Spartianus Alured or Alfred king of England in the yeare of Christ nine hundred and thrée Adam Merimuth canon of Paules in the reigne of Richard the second Anianus Marcellinus Richardus Angeruil surnamed De Berie bishop of Durham died in the yeare of our Lord one thousand thrée hundred fortie and fiue Antoninus Arnold of London in the time of king Henrie the eight Asserius Meneuensis Aurelius or Aluredus Riualensis Robert Auersberie B Sir Nicholas Bacon knight lord kéeper of the great seale vnto queene Elisabeth Benedictus Claudiocestrensis Balantine a Scot William Baldwin liued in the time of king Edward the sixt Stephan Batemaine died in the yere one thousand fiue hundred eightie and foure Beda an English Saxon died in the yere of Christ seuen hundred thirtie and two G. de Barrie archdeacon of S. Dauids writ the life of Remigius bishop of Lincolne Iohn Bale flourished in the time of Edward the sixt Barnardus Andreas writ a chronicle intituled Liber Barnardi Andreae Tolosati poetae laureati regij historiographi de vita atque gestis Henrici septimi in whose time he flourished Robert Boston in the time of Edward the second Rafe Baldocke bishop of London vnder Edward the second Peter Basset in the time of Henrie the fift whose life he did write Robert Bale recorder of London he died in the yere of our Lord one thousand foure hundred thrée score and one about the latter end of the reigne of Richard the second Edmund Bedenhame writer of the chronicles of Rochester Iohn Bramus and not Bromus as saith Bale a moonke of Tedford Iohn Bracklow a Benedictine moonke in the yeare one thousand two hundred fourtéene Iohannes Brompton historiae vetus quam contulit Iornal monasterio as hath Mathew Parker In vitis episcop Cantu Ferdinando Blake liued in the yeare of Christ one thousand fiue hundred foure score and foure Bodinus Iohn Bouchet a Frenchman of Aquitaine Nicholas Brodingham or Brodringham Iohn Bosue of Burie Blondus Foroliuiensis Henrie Bradshaw borne in Chester a blacke moonke there in the time of Henrie the eight Iohn Burgh a moonke in the daies of K. Edward the third Nicholas Bungeie borne in a towne of the same name in Northfolke in the daies of king Henrie the sixt sir Iohn Bourchier knight lord Barnes translated Froissard Bullerus Roger Bond Thomas Buckhurst lord Buckhurst now liuing Stephan Birchington George Buckhanan liued in the yere of our Lord one thousand fiue hundred and foure score C Thomas Castleford sir William Cicill knight lord Burleigh lord treasuror of England now liuing William Caxton liued in the daies of king Edward the fourth Campbell Carion a Germane Caradocus Lancarnauensis liued in the daies of K. Stephan Iulius Caesar a Romane Iohn Capgraue borne in Kent an Augustine frier died in the fourth yere of king
6646. Chronicle beginning ChronicoruÌ„ vero quae sunt imagines historiarum Chronicle of genealogies beginning Cuilibet principi congruum The chronicles of S. Swithin The commentaries of Hide The continuances of Roger Houeden beginning Excerpta ex dictis viri religiosi An other chronicle of S. Albons beginning Fecit rex Edwardus tertius comites Historia regia vel sancti Edmundi Chronicle of Elie beginning Anno ab incarnatione dominica 616. qui est annus 21 ex quo Augustinus cum socijs ad praedicandum genti Anglorum missus est Historia Anglorum beginning Considerans historiae Britonum Pictorum Scotorum Saxonum Anglorum Danorum NormannoruÌ„ prolixitatem c. Le mere des histories Les annales de France Les annales d'Acquitaine Les grand cronicqz de Britane Les petit cronicqz de Britane Les cronicqz de Normandi Le Rosarie Les genelogies des line 10 roys Cronicles de Flandres The chronicles of London The chronicle called Brute The Saxon chronicle of the church of Worcester The Saxon chronicle of the abbeie of Peterborrow The Saxon chronicle written in the yeare of Christ eight hundred foure score and fiue The chronicles of England Thus far this catalog Now peraduenture some will looke for a rehearsall omni gatherum of such as haue written in the reigne of our blessed souereigne but herein as it passeth our possibilitie to line 20 satisfie their expectation their number being infinit and manie of them vnknowne and vnworthie of remembrance so it were to be wished that some fauourer of learned mens fame would comprise their names and works in a particular volume therein imitating either the order of Bale or Gesner or else the commendable method of Iohn Iames the Frislander printed at Tigurie one thousand fiue hundred fourescore and thrée either of which courses being taken would well serue the turne line 30 Thus far blessed be Christ the extent of English chronicles a long labour of great care and expense howbeit at length conquered and ouercome by the benefit of his grace who enableth vs to go through with all things that be good his name be praised therefore Wherein if the helpe of such as are furnished with varietie of knowledge or as by gorgeous shew of words and rich pompe of phrase pretend profound skill had béene as forward to aduance line 40 this worke being of vnexpercted magnitude by means of the multitude of contents as some of low saile willing to laie out their poore talent haue affoorded what furtherance they were able somewhat to the satisfieng of those honest minded men and parteners at whose great costs and charges the same is now newlie printed though not to their full contentment who were euer desirous and diuerslie made assaies to haue it so absolute as nothing might want of due perfection if the meanes might haue béene obteined the chronicles of England both for matter maner had béene comparable to anie historie or annals in Christendome Howbeit perfected as it is though not with exquisit curiousnes to please euerie fickle fansie yet according to the proportion of skill vouchsafed of God to the dealers therein men of commendable diligence though not of déepest iudgement somewhat to satisfie the well affected and indifferent mind the same is now come abrode yéelding matter no lesse manifold than the spring dooth floures and the same maruellous frutefull if they haue their right vse and due application which indéed is the verie end of histories and chronicles And so crauing a fauorable acceptation of this tedious trauell with a toleration of all such defaults as haplie therein lie hidden and by diligent reading maie soone be spied we wish that they which best maie would once in their life grow resolute and at a point in this laudable kind of studie most necessarie next to the word of God for common knowledge little or much to exercise their head and hand Finallie beséeching God to blesse the realme of England and the pretious iewell of the same euen good queene Elisabeth to saue as the apple of his eie to protect hir with the target of his power against all the pernicious practises of satans instruments to lengthen the liues of hir highnesse honorable councellors by whose vigilant policie this whole land fareth the better in preuenting intercepting and making frustrat God directing and prospering their consultations and procéedings all the attempts of traitors to whom O Lord in vengeance giue the iudgement of Iudas as they haue beene partakers of his sinne let them be intangled and taken in the traps of their trecheries and swallowed vp in the seas of deserued confusion that they be no more a familie And we beséech God to increase the multitude of loiall subiects to make them strong in faith towards him and in loue one with another that the gospell which is the doctrine of pacification and obedience maie be glorified in the commonwealth of England a corner of the world O Lord which thou hast singled out for the magnifieng of thy maiestie and wherof we praie thee to giue vs a dailie remembrance so shall we make conscience of sin addict our selues to the exercises of righteousnesse Amen FINIS The third table for the Chronicles of England from the conquest vntill this present regiment wherin the reader is to obserue these notes for his better direction namelie to seeke for the surnames of persons as more commonlie knowne than the proper and also when the name faileth to looke for the dignitie title office and degree of such persons as Armenia Cipriots Spaine France Portingall Nauarre Denmarke if they were kings Archbishop Bishop Pope Carnall Legat if they were Clergiemen Chancellors Treasurors Lord high constables Lord wardens of the cinque ports Duke Earle Marquesse Queene Duchesse Countesse if they were great states Maior Sargents at law Officers c if they were of that degree knights and esquires excepted who as they were of renowme are accordinglie noted by their vsuall names Likewise for such as haue beene executed as notorious offendors against the prince and the state to come to the knowledge of their names looke for the qualitie of their offense as counterfeting coineclippers conspiracie and conspirators murther and murtherers rebellion and rebels treason and traitors preests seminarie c of all which this table affoordeth infinit examples Finallie wheresoeuer you find this word Note there dooth matter of consideration come to hand If the reader be not satisfied with this table let him not blame the order but his owne conceipt Gathered by Abraham Fleming A. ABbasie of Winchester obteined for monie 21 a 40 Abbat Agelnothus ¶ Sée Agelnothus Oâ— Batteâ—l in rescuing Winchelseie is put to flight 427 a 50. Egelsin ¶ Sée Egelsin Egelwine ¶ Sée Egelwine Fecknam of Westminster installed 1132 b 20. Frederike ¶ See Frederike Ioachim a man of great fame 126 a 10. Of Glastenburie an erls son 42 a 60. Losauage ¶ Sée Losauage Paule ¶ See Paule Of saint
dealing breach of promise of the French king Wil. Paruus Enuious discord among the christians K. Richard discomfiteth the Saracens néere to Port Iaph Rog. Houed The names of such noble men as were famous for their valiant dooings in this voiage De Poole 〈◊〉 de Stagno Galf. Vinsaâ— The marques of Montferrato murthâ—â—â— by the Assassini Earle Iohn purposed to seize vpon the kingdom in his brothers absence William de Poicters K. Richards chapleine Anno Reg. 4. Wil. Paruus K. Richard rescueth Port Iaph Rad. Niger Matth. Paris Cephas K. Richard fell sicke A peace concluded betwixt the Christians Saracens Hubert bishop of Salisburie K. Richard taketh his iornie homewards K. Richard slandered for the death of the marques of Montferrato W. Paruus Erle of Gorze Saltzburge K. Richard commeth to Uienna Polydor. Ra. Niger K. Richard submitteth himselfe to the duke of Austrich N. Triuet Polychron The cause of the displeasure betwixt the duke of Austrich king Richard Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed line 50 The king is deliuered to the emperor Matth. Paris Ouid. lib. Fast. 1. Rog. Houed Two legats from the pope Normandie interdicted The earle of Pieregort others wast the K. of Englands lands The seneschal of Gascoigne reuengeth iniurie The king of Nauars brother The abbats of Boxley and Roberts-bridge Ger. Dor. The French king counselleth K. Iohn to vsurpe against his brother Ger. Dor. The archbishop of Yorke Hugh Bardolfe William de Stuteuille Wil. Paruus Rouen besieged The earle of Leicester Polydor. Michaelmas saith Ger. Dorob Wil. Paruus The emperour chargeth king Richard with iniuries doone to the Sicilians W. Paruus Matth. West The kings wisedome in making his answere Polydor. The bishop of Salisburie sent into England Ger. Dor. Rog. Houed The bishop of Elie commeth to the king The emperor agréeth with king Richard for his ransome N. Triuet Matt. Paris R. Houed Lands assigned to king Richard Polydor. Rog. Houed Order taken for leuieng monie to paie the kings ransome The hard dealing of officers in the collection Church iewels The bishop of Norwich The abbat of saint Albons The bishop of Chester Matthew de Cléere R. Houed The bishop of Elie. Anno Reg. 5. Wil. Paruus Hor. lib caer 1. ode 10. The bishop of Liege murthered Wil. Paruus Hubert bishop of Salisburie elected archbishop of Canturburie Hubert archbishop of CaÌ„turburie lord chéefe iustice The kings commandement not obeied R. Houed King Richard released out of captiuitie R. Houed The offers of the French K and erle Iohn to haue the K. of England kept still in prison The princes that had vndertaken for the emperor to performe the couenants Robert de Nouant Yéerelie pensions giuen by the king â—o certeine princes of the empire Memburge Wil. Paruus The French king inuadeth Normandie R. Houed He landed the 20. of March being sundaie as R. Houeden and Rafe de Diceto write Rog. Houed Diuerse sieges held at one time S. Michaels mount The king goeth to Notingham and winneth the castel Rog. Houed The forrest 〈◊〉 Shirewood The castell of Tickhill yeeâ—ded Rog. Houed Strife betwixt the archbishops for carieng of their crosses Officers discharged Lieutenantships set on sale The archbishop of Yorke offer The bishop of Chester A subsidâ—â— The archbishop of Yorke accused Gerard de Camuille charged with felonie and treason The king of Scots commeth to sée the king of England A parlement A grant made to the king of Scots what allowance he should haue when he came to England A councell holden at Winchester The king crowned anew R. Houed The king of Scots beareth one of the swords before the king of England The citizens of London A parlement called The bold courage of the bishop of Lincolne The bishop of Durham lost his earldome K. Richards practises The moonks Cisteaux Rog. Houed The king of Scots maketh suit for Northumberland Mainprise Rog. Houed The king transporteth ouer into France The French king raiseth his siege from Uernueil N. Triuet Rog. Houed The earle of Leicester taken prisoner Geffrey de Rancon The earle of Engolesme The king of Nauars brother Anno Reg. 6. Engolesme woone Polydor. Wil. Paruus Polydor. Great exactions The colour pretended in leuieng of monie Rog. Houed Inquisitions taken by a iurie of sundrie matters Usurers Iewes Iustices shiriffes and other officers Hubert archbishop of Canturburie lord chéefe iustice Officers driuen to fine for their offices The king offended with the lord chancellor A new scale Matth. Paris The king returneth into England He granteth the English men licence to iournie Rog. Houed Fines paid for licence to exercise turnements Mâ—l Pal â—n suo cap. Bishops towne I thinke he came not ouer at all into England at this time but rather sent his mind vnto the archbishop Messengers from the pope Isoldune Nouencourâ— yeeldeth to K. Richard Albemarle besieged Matt. West Polydor. Rog. Houed The earle of Leicesters offer for his ransome Million 〈◊〉 and rased A motion for peace Earle Iohn returneth to the king his brother and is pardoned Wil. Paruus R. Houed Matth. Paris Rog. Houed R. Houed Rog. Houed Wil. Paruus Matth. Paris Polychron Baldwin de Betun Duke Leopold catcheth a fall beside his horsse and dieth of the hurt White monks Rog. Houed Hugh NouaÌ„t bishop of Couentrie restored to his sée The archbishop of Yorke M. Pal. in suo sag. Pope Celestine The archbish of Canturburie is made yâ— popes legat A trinitie of offices in vnitie of person A synod holden at Yorke The emperor sendeth to the king Anno Reg. 7. The bishop of Elie is sent to the emperour The 2 kings talke togither The emperor dissuadeth the king from agréeing to the peace The warre 〈◊〉 begun afresh The hasâ— which king Richard made The 2 kings againe talke togither of peace The conditions of peace concluded betwixt the two kings Matth. Paris Matth. West Matth. West Matth. Paris Rog. Houed The earle of Albemarle departed this life Otho sonne to the duke of Saxonie Lawnes Wil. Paruus Ran. Higd. The abbat of Caen sent into England Fraudulent dealing in officers Fabian Wil. Paruus Matt. Paris Ran. Higd. William Fitz Osbert The â—oule disorder in the citizens of London The vnnaturall ingratitude of Fitz Osbert Why he ware his long berd Matth. Paris Fabian His oration to the people Ger. Dor. He is called before the archbishop of Canturburie lord chéefe iustice or president of the realme He fléeth inâ—o the church of S. Marie Bow His concubine He is executed Wil. Paruus Matth. Paris The archbish of Canturburie euill spokeÌ„ of for the death of William Fitz Osbert An old whormonger and a new saint The erledome of Poictou Iohn Bouchet his douâ— Ranulph erle of Chester tooke his wife the dutchesse of Britaine prisoner A dearth The death of the earle of Salisburie R. Houed Matth. Paris Marchades Lupescaro The bishop of Beauuois taken prisoner Genes 37. Anno Reg. 8. Normandie interdicted by the archbishop of Rouen The bishop of Elie departed this life Rog.
some way requite the venturous courage and hartie zeale of the gentleman who with the losse of his owne life preserued the king if not from death yet from some dangerous wound that might haue put him to extreame anguish and paine This may incite men to be mindfull of benefits receiued a vertue no lesse rare than the contrarie is common and as one saith inueniuntur Quidam sed rari acceptorum qui meritorum Assiduè memores c. But to conclude with this iourneie which king Henrie made at this time against the Welshmen although by reason of the cumbersome difficulties of the places he could not enter within the countrie so farre as he wished yet he so impounded and constreined them to kéepe within the woods and mountains that they durst not come abroad insomuch that at the length they were glad to sue for peace William king of Scots successor of Malcolme who departed this life in the yeare last past after he had receiued the crowne of Scotland came about this present time into England and finding king Henrie at London did his homage to him as his predecessour Malcolme had doone before He made suit also to haue Northumberland restored vnto him which the king of Englands mother the empresse had in times past giuen vnto king Dauid But king Henrie gaue diuerse reasons to excuse himselfe whie he might not deliuer that countrie to him at that present namelie without consent of a parlement where vpon king William perceiuing how the maâ—ter went gaue ouer his suit for that present meaning line 10 when occasion serued to attempt the getting thereof by force sith that by praier and suit he sawe well inough he should not obteine it Moreouer the Scottish king being required by king Henrie to go ouer with him into Normandie granted so to doo insomuch that king Henrie hauing set all things in order within his realme of England in the Lent following passed ouer into Normandie But before he tooke his iourneie he set foorth a decree consisting of these points in effect as followeth line 20 1 That no man should bring any letters or commandement from pope Alexander or Thomas archbishop of Canturburie into England conteining an interdiction of the realme vpon perill to be apprehended and punished as a traitour to the king and an enimie to the realme 2 That no religious person or préest should be permitted to passe the seas or to come into the relme of England except he had letters of safe conduct line 30 from the iusticers for passage ouer and of the king for his returne from thence 3 That no man should appeale to the said pope or archbishop nor by their appointment hold any plée and if any person were found dooing the contrarie herevnto he should be taken and committed to prison 4 That if any maner of person either spirituall or temporall were obedient to the sentence of the interdiction the same person should be banished the line 40 realme without delaie and all his linage with him so as they should not conueie with them any of their goods the which togither with their possessions should be seized into the kings hands 5 That all spirituall persons which had any benefices within England should haue warning giuen to returne into England within foure moneths after the same summons pronounced and that if they failed hereof then should the king seize vpon their goods and possessions line 50 6 That the bishops of London and Norwich should be and by vertue hereof were summoned to appeare before the kings iusticers to make answer for that they had interdicted the lands of erle Hugh and excommunicated him 7 That the Peter pence should be gathered and kept In the octaues of Easter king Henrie came to an enterview with the French king at Gisors where they had conference togither of sundrie matters line 60 This yeare the quéene was deliuered of a sonne named Iohn who afterward was king of this realme Moreouer king Henrie calling a councell of his bishops and barons in Normandie caused and ordeined a collection by their aduise to be made through all his countries and dominions of two pence in the pound of euerie mans lands and goods iewels and apparell onelie excepted to be paid this yeare 1166. and for the space of foure yeares next ensuing one penie of euerie pound to be paid yearelie and those that were not worth twentie shillings in goods or lands being housholders notwithstanding or bare any office should paie a penie to this contribution which was onelie granted for the releefe of the christians in the east parts and those that warred against the miscreants there The paiment thereof was appointed to be made in the feast daie of saint Remigius or within fiftéene daies after It was also ordeined that all such as departed this life within the terme that this collection was in force their debts being paid should giue the tenth part of the residue of all their goods vnto this so necessarie a contribution King Henrie remaining now in Normandie and vnderstanding that diuerse lords and barons of Maine and the marshes of Britaine would not in his absence shew themselues obedient vnto his wife quéene Elianor but were about to practise a rebellion raised an armie and went against them easilie subduing them whom he found obstinate and besieging the castell of Foulgiers tooke and vtterlie destroied it Soone after the archbishop of Canturburie came from Pountney to Uizeley and there on Ascension daie when the church was most full of people got him into the pulpit and with booke bell and candell solemnelie accurssed all the obseruers defenders and mainteiners with the promoters of such customs as within the realme of England they terme the custome of their elders amongst others that were accursed was Richard de Lucie Richard the archdeacon of Poictiers Iocelin de Bailleuille Alane de Neuille and manie other But they being absent neither called nor conuinced as they alleged notwithstanding they were thus excommunicated sent their messengers vnto the archbishop and appealed from him and so feared not to enter into their churches He had before this also written certeine letters vnto his suffragans denouncing some of these and other persons by expresse name accursed not onelie for mainteining the matter against him touching the ancient custome of the realme but also for the schisme raised in Almaine by Reignald archbishop of Colein for the which he accursed one Iohn of Oxford Moreouer he accursed Ranulfe de Broc Hugh de S. Clete Thomas Fitz Bernard for violentlie seizing vpon and deteining the goods and possessions belonging to his archbishoprike without his consent or agréement therevnto The king on the other part banished out of England and all parts of his other dominions all those persons that were knowen to be of kin vnto the archbishop both yoong and old and furthermore sent aduertisement to the abbat of Pountney and to his moonks with
whom the archbishop by the popes appointment remained that if they kept him still in their house he would not faile to banish all the moonks of their order out of England Now the archbishop after he had remained there scarse two yeares departed from thence of his owne accord and came to the king of France who courteouslie receiued him and sent him to the abbeie of saint Columbes neere to the citie of Sens where he remained a certeine season as shall be shewed hereafter Shortlie after this two legats named William of Pauia and Iohn of Naples both cardinals came from the pope to Montmiriall whom the archbishop suspected rather to fauour the kings cause than his yet he was contented that they should haue the iudgment thereof committed vnto them so that first according to the rules of the church restitution might be made both to him and his of such goods as had beene taken from them For being spoiled as he was he would not stand to any iudgement nor could not be compelled thervnto by any reason as he said Now when the two legats saw that they could not bring any thing to passe they departed without any thing concluded About this time William Taiuan earle of Sagium by the consent of his sons and nephues deliuered into the hands of king Henrie the castels of Alerium and Roch Laberie with all the appurtenances to the castels belonging About this season also Conan the duke of Britaine departed this life leauing behind him no issue but one onelie daughter begot of his wife the dutchesse line 10 Constance the daughter of the king of Scotland which succéeded him in the estate Wherevpon king Henrie made earnest suit to procure a marriage betwixt hir and his sonne Geffrey which at length he brought to passe to the great comfort and contentation of his mind in that his sonne had by such good fortune atteined to the dukedome of Britaine At that season in Britaine were certeine Noble men of such strength and power that they disdained line 20 to acknowledge themselues subiect to any superior in somuch that through ambitious desire of rule and preheminence they warred continuallie one against an other to the great destruction and vtter vndooing of their miserable countrie so that the land sometime fruitfull by nature was as it were a wildernes Wherevpon those that were the weaker perceiuing themselues too much oppressed by the stronger submitted themselues vnto king Henrie and required his aid and succour King Henrie reioising to haue so good an occasion and opportunitie to reduce them line 30 to reason with all speed aided these supplicants and subdued the resistants notwithstanding their great puissance the strength of the places which they kept year 1167 In the meane while Henrie came ouer to his father and found him at Poictiers from whence shortlie after Easter he remoued and with an armie entred into the lands of the earle of Aluergnes which he wasted and spoiled bicause the said earle had renounced his allegiance to king Henrie and made line 40 his resort to the French king séeking to sow discord betwixt the foresaid two kings which was kindled the more by a challenge pretended about the sending of the monie ouer into the holie land which was gathered within the countie of Tours for the French king claimed to send it by reason that the church there apperteined to his dominion and the king of England would haue sent it bicause it was gathered within the countrie that belonged to his gouernement line 50 This yeare a great preparation of ships was made by the earle of Bullongne to haue inuaded England but by the warlike prouision of Richard Lucie lord gouernour of the realme the sea-coasts were so prouided of sufficient defense that the earles attempts came to nothing The cause why he made this brag was for that the king withheld from him certeine reuenues which he claimed to haue here in England and therefore he ment to recouer them by force The empresse Maud mother to the king of line 60 England a woman in stoutnesse of stomaâ—h and warlike attempts more famous than commonlie any of that sex deceassed this yere the 10 of Septem Also Robert bishop of Lincolne departed this life after whose deceasse the 〈◊〉 of Lincolne was vacant by the space of seuentéene yeares the king in all that meane time receiuing the profits The 〈◊〉 of Colein came ambassadour from the emperour vnto the king of England requiring to haue ouâ— of his daughters giuen in marriage vnto the emperourâ— sonne and an other of them vnto Henrie duke of Saxonie which request â—he K. bid wâ—â—â—inglie grant and therevpon was the queene sent for to come ouer into Normandie anâ— to bring hiâ—â—aithe the lord Richard and hir daughter the ladie Maud with hir which ladie was married vnto the duke of Saxonie year 1168 in the beginning of the yeare next insuing and had issue by him three sons Henrie Otho and William of which the middlemost came to be emperour The variance still depending betwixt the king and the archbishop of Canturburie there was also about the same time a great debate betwixt the emperour Frederike the first and pope Alexander the third whervpon king Henrie wrote to the emperor and signified vnto him that he would aid him if néed should require against the pope who mainteined such a runnagate traitor as the archbishop Becket was Moreouer at the same time the king caused all his subiects within the realme of England from the child of twelue yeares old vnto the aged person to forsweare all obedience that might be pretended as due to the same pope Alexander The king for the space of two yeares togither remaining still in Normandie and in other places beyond the seas subdued diuerse rebels as the earle of Angoulesme Aimerike de Lucignie and his sonnes Robert and Hugh Also he came to an enterview with the king of France betwixt Pacie and Maunt where they communed of such iniuries as were thought to be attempted on either part For the Poictouins had made their resort to the French king and were confederate with him against their supreme lord king Henrie and had deliuered pledges for assurance thereof which pledges the French king would not restore But yet there was a truce concluded betwixt them to endure till the feast of S. Iohn Baptist. About the feast of Easter Patrike the earle of Salisburie was slaine by treason of the Poictouins and was buried at Saint Hilaries after whome his sonne William succeeded in the earledome The Britons practised rebellions dailie but king Henrie entring their countrie wan diuerse strong townes and castels and brought them at length vnder his subiection Moreouer in this summer season the two kings met againe at Fert Bernard to treat of peace but they departed without concluding any agréement at all For there were manie of the Poictouins and