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to_o lend_v to_o they_o but_o can_v it_o be_v expect_v when_o the_o public_a give_v 7_o 8_o or_o 10_o per_fw-la cent._n that_o private_a man_n who_o security_n be_v certain_o no_o better_o shall_v have_v it_o for_o 4_o and_o can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n stranger_n than_o that_o the_o same_o man_n who_o look_v on_o and_o therefore_o allow_v high_a use_n as_o a_o encouragement_n to_o lend_v to_o the_o chequer_n shall_v think_v low_a use_n shall_v bring_v money_n into_o trade_n the_o state_n of_o holland_n some_o few_o year_n since_o pay_v but_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n for_o the_o money_n they_o owe_v if_o you_o propose_v they_o for_o a_o example_n and_o interest_n be_v to_o be_v regulate_v by_o a_o law_n try_v whether_o you_o can_v do_v so_o here_o and_o bring_v man_n to_o lend_v it_o to_o the_o public_a at_o that_o rate_n this_o will_v be_v a_o benefit_n to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o abate_v a_o great_a part_n of_o our_o public_a charge_n if_o you_o can_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v 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labour_n and_o what_o he_o buy_v dear_a 3._o or_o the_o money_n in_o the_o country_n be_v less_o for_o the_o exigency_n and_o use_n of_o money_n not_o lessen_v with_o its_o quantity_n and_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o proportion_n to_o be_v employ_v and_o distribute_v still_o in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o its_o circulation_n so_o much_o as_o its_o quantity_n be_v lessen_v so_o much_o must_v the_o share_n of_o every_o one_o that_o have_v a_o right_a to_o this_o money_n be_v the_o less_o whether_o he_o be_v landholder_n for_o his_o good_n or_o labourer_n for_o his_o hire_n or_o merchant_n for_o his_o brokage_n though_o the_o land-holder_n usual_o find_v
so_o trade_v for_o on_o borrow_a money_n be_v but_o the_o ouâ—â—ballance_n of_o our_o exportation_n to_o our_o importation_n the_o kingdom_n get_v by_o this_o borrow_v so_o much_o as_o whatsoever_o the_o merchant_n gain_n be_v above_o his_o use._n but_o if_o we_o borrow_v only_o for_o our_o own_o expense_n we_o grow_v double_o poor_a by_o pay_v money_n for_o the_o commodity_n we_o consume_v and_o use_v for_o that_o money_n though_o the_o merchant_n get_v all_o this_o while_n by_o make_v return_v great_a than_o his_o use._n and_o therefore_o borrow_v of_o foreigner_n in_o itself_o make_v not_o the_o kingdom_n rich_a or_o poor_a for_o it_o may_v do_v either_o but_o spend_v more_o than_o our_o fruit_n or_o manufacture_n will_v pay_v for_o bring_v in_o poverty_n and_o poverty_n borrow_v for_o money_n as_o necessary_a to_o trade_n may_v be_v double_o consider_v first_o as_o in_o his_o hand_n that_o pay_v the_o labourer_n and_o land-holder_n for_o here_o its_o motion_n terminate_v and_o through_o who_o hand_n soever_o it_o pass_v between_o these_o he_o be_v but_o a_o broker_n and_o if_o this_o man_n want_v money_n as_o for_o example_n the_o clothier_n the_o manufacture_n be_v not_o make_v and_o so_o the_o trade_n stop_v and_o be_v lose_v or_o second_o money_n may_v be_v consider_v as_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o consumer_n under_o which_o name_n i_o here_o reckon_v the_o merchant_n who_o buy_v the_o commodity_n when_o make_v to_o export_v and_o if_o he_o want_v money_n the_o value_n of_o the_o commodity_n when_o make_v be_v lessen_v and_o so_o the_o kingdom_n lose_v in_o the_o price_n if_o therefore_o use_v he_o lessenedâ—_n and_o you_o can_v tie_v foreigner_n to_o your_o term_n than_o the_o ill_a effect_n fall_v only_o upon_o your_o own_o landholders_n and_o artisan_n if_o foreigner_n can_v be_v force_v by_o your_o law_n to_o lend_v you_o money_n only_o at_o your_o own_o rate_n or_o not_o lend_v at_o all_o be_v it_o not_o more_o likely_a they_o will_v rather_o take_v it_o home_o and_o think_v it_o safe_o in_o their_o own_o country_n at_o four_o per_fw-la câ—nt_fw-la than_o abroad_o nor_o can_v their_o overplus_n of_o money_n bring_v they_o to_o lend_v to_o you_o on_o your_o term_n for_o when_o your_o merchant_n want_v of_o money_n shall_v have_v sink_v the_o price_n of_o your_o market_n a_o dutchman_n will_v find_v it_o more_o gain_n to_o buy_v your_o commodity_n himself_o than_o lend_v his_o money_n at_o four_o per_fw-la cent._n to_o a_o english_a merchant_n to_o trade_n with_o nor_o will_v the_o act_n of_o navigation_n hinder_v their_o come_n by_o make_v they_o come_v empty_a since_o even_o al-already_a there_o be_v those_o who_o think_v that_o many_o who_o go_v for_o english_a merchant_n be_v but_o dutch_a factor_n and_o trade_n for_o other_o in_o their_o own_o name_n the_o kingdom_n therefore_o will_v lose_v by_o it_o if_o it_o make_v foreigner_n withdraw_v any_o of_o their_o money_n as_o well_o as_o if_o it_o hinder_v any_o of_o your_o people_n from_o lend_v they_o where_o trade_n have_v need_n of_o it_o in_o a_o treatise_n write_v on_o purpose_n for_o the_o bring_n down_o of_o interest_n i_o find_v this_o argument_n of_o foreigner_n call_v away_o their_o money_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o our_o trade_n thus_o answer_v that_o the_o money_n of_o foreigner_n be_v not_o bring_v into_o the_o land_n by_o read_v 〈◊〉_d bullion_n but_o by_o good_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o when_o it_o be_v pay_v must_v be_v return_v by_o good_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o there_o will_v not_o be_v the_o less_o money_n in_o the_o land_n i_o can_v not_o but_o wonder_v to_o see_v a_o man_n who_o undertake_v to_o write_v of_o money_n and_o interest_n talk_v so_o direct_o beside_o the_o matter_n in_o the_o business_n of_o trade_n foreigner_n money_n he_o say_v be_v not_o bring_v into_o the_o land_n by_o ready_a coin_n or_o bullion_n but_o by_o good_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n how_o then_o do_v we_o come_v by_o pullion_n or_o money_n for_o gold_n grow_v not_o that_o i_o know_v in_o our_o country_n and_o silver_n so_o little_a that_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o part_n of_o the_o silver_n we_o have_v now_o in_o england_n be_v not_o draw_v out_o of_o any_o mine_n in_o this_o island_n if_o he_o mean_v that_o the_o moneyed_a man_n in_o holland_n who_o put_v out_o his_o money_n at_o interest_n here_o do_v not_o send_v it_o over_o in_o pullion_n or_o specie_fw-la hither_o that_o may_v be_v true_a or_o false_a but_o either_o way_n help_v not_o that_o author_n purpose_n for_o if_o he_o pay_v his_o money_n to_o a_o merchant_n his_o neighbour_n and_o take_v his_o pill_n for_o it_o here_o in_o england_n he_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o have_v send_v over_o that_o money_n since_o he_o do_v but_o make_v that_o merchant_n 〈◊〉_d in_o england_n the_o money_n which_o â—e_n have_v due_a to_o he_o there_o and_o otherwise_o will_v carry_v away_o 〈◊〉_d say_v our_o author_n 〈…〉_z i_o must_v not_o be_v pay_v and_o export_v in_o ready_a money_n so_o say_v our_o law_n indeed_o but_o that_o be_v a_o law_n to_o hedge_v in_o the_o cookoe_n and_o serve_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o if_o we_o export_v not_o good_n for_o which_o our_o merchant_n have_v money_n due_a to_o they_o in_o holland_n how_o can_v it_o be_v pay_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o for_o goods_n 100_o l._n worth_n of_o good_n can_v no_o where_o pay_n 200_o l._n in_o money_n this_o be_v that_o which_o i_o find_v many_o man_n deceive_v themselves_o with_o in_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v worth_a while_n to_o make_v it_o a_o little_a plain_o let_v we_o suppose_v england_n people_v as_o it_o be_v now_o and_o its_o woollen_a manufacture_n in_o the_o same_o state_n and_o perfection_n that_o it_o be_v at_o present_a and_o that_o we_o have_v no_o money_n at_o all_o trade_n with_o this_o our_o woollen_a manufacture_n for_o the_o value_n of_o 200000_o l._n yearly_a to_o spain_n where_o there_o actual_o be_v a_o million_o in_o money_n let_v we_o suppose_v that_o we_o bring_v back_o from_o spain_n yearly_a in_o oil_n wine_n and_o fruit_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 100000_o l._n and_o continue_v to_o do_v this_o ten_o year_n together_o it_o be_v plain_a we_o have_v have_v for_o our_o two_o million_o value_n in_o woollen_a manufacture_n carry_v thither_o one_o million_o return_v in_o wine_n oil_n and_o fruit_n but_o what_o be_v become_v of_o â—_o other_o million_o will_v the_o merchant_n be_v content_a to_o lose_v it_o that_o you_o may_v be_v sure_a they_o will_v not_o nor_o have_v trade_v on_o if_o they_o have_v not_o every_o year_n return_v make_v answer_v their_o exportation_n how_o then_o be_v the_o return_v make_v in_o money_n it_o be_v evident_a for_o the_o spaniard_n have_v in_o such_o a_o trade_n no_o debt_n nor_o the_o possibility_n of_o any_o debt_n in_o england_n can_v pay_v one_o farthing_n of_o that_o other_o million_o by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o have_v no_o commodity_n that_o we_o will_v take_v off_o above_o the_o value_n of_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la they_o can_v pay_v we_o in_o commodity_n from_o whence_o it_o necessary_o follow_v that_o the_o 100000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la wherein_o we_o overbalance_n they_o in_o trade_n must_v be_v pay_v we_o in_o money_n and_o so_o at_o the_o ten_o year_n end_n their_o million_o of_o money_n though_o their_o law_n make_v it_o death_n to_o export_v it_o will_v be_v all_o bring_v into_o englâ—nd_n as_o in_o truth_n by_o this_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n the_o great_a part_n of_o our_o money_n have_v be_v bring_v into_o england_n out_o of_o spain_n let_v we_o suppose_v ourselves_o now_o possess_v of_o this_o million_o of_o money_n and_o export_v yearly_a out_o of_o england_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o worldâ—_n consumable_a commodity_n to_o the_o value_n of_o a_o million_o but_o import_v yearly_o in_o commodity_n which_o we_o consume_v among_o we_o to_o the_o value_n of_o 1100000_o l._n if_o such_o a_o tâ—â—de_n as_o this_o be_v manage_v among_o we_o and_o continue_v ten_o yâ—â—â—s_n it_o be_v evident_a that_o our_o million_o of_o money_n will_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ten_o year_n be_v inevitable_o all_o go_v from_o we_o to_o they_o by_o the_o same_o way_n that_o it_o come_v to_o we_o that_o be_v by_o their_o overbalance_n of_o trade_n for_o we_o import_v every_o year_n 100000_o l._n worth_n of_o commodity_n more_o than_o we_o export_v and_o there_o be_v no_o foreigner_n that_o will_v give_v we_o 100000_o l._n every_o year_n for_o nothing_o it_o be_v unavoidable_a that_o 100000_o l._n of_o our_o money_n must_v go_v out_o every_o year_n to_o pay_v for_o that_o overplus_n which_o our_o commodity_n do_v not_o pay_v for_o and_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a
quarter_n of_o england_n and_o into_o a_o great_a number_n of_o hand_n according_a to_o the_o exigence_n of_o trade_n if_o money_n be_v to_o be_v hire_v as_o land_n be_v or_o to_o be_v have_v as_o corn_n or_o wool_n from_o the_o owner_n himself_o and_o know_v good_a security_n be_v give_v for_o it_o it_o may_v then_o probable_o be_v have_v at_o the_o market_n which_o be_v the_o true_a rate_v and_o will_v be_v a_o constant_a gauge_v of_o your_o trade_n and_o wealth_n but_o when_o a_o kind_n of_o monopoly_n by_o consent_n have_v put_v this_o general_a commodity_n into_o a_o few_o hand_n it_o may_v need_v regulation_n though_o what_o the_o state_v rate_n of_o interest_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o constant_a change_n of_o affair_n and_o flux_n of_o money_n be_v hard_o to_o determine_v possible_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v as_o a_o reasonable_a proposal_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v within_o such_o bound_n 〈…〉_z quite_o lâ—t_v up_o the_o merchant_n and_o tradesman_n profit_n and_o discourage_v their_o industry_n nor_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n so_o low_a as_o shall_v hinder_v man_n from_o risque_a their_o money_n in_o other_o man_n hand_n and_o so_o rather_o choose_v to_o keep_v it_o out_o of_o trade_n than_o venture_v it_o upon_o so_o small_a profit_n when_o it_o be_v too_o high_a it_o so_o hinder_v the_o merchant_n gain_n that_o he_o will_v not_o borrow_v when_o too_o low_a it_o so_o hinder_v the_o moneyed_a man_n profit_n that_o he_o will_v not_o lend_v and_o both_o these_o way_n it_o be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o trade_n but_o this_o be_v perhaps_o too_o general_a and_o loose_a a_o rule_n let_v i_o add_v that_o if_o one_o will_v consider_v money_n and_o land_n alone_o in_o relation_n one_o to_o another_o perhaps_o it_o be_v now_o at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o as_o good_a a_o proportion_n as_o be_v possible_a six_o per_fw-la cent._n be_v a_o little_a high_o than_o land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n which_o be_v the_o rate_v pretty_a near_o that_o land_n have_v general_o carry_v in_o england_n it_o never_o be_v much_o over_o nor_o under_o for_o suppose_v 100_o l._n in_o money_n and_o land_n of_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la be_v of_o equal_a value_n which_o be_v land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n it_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o make_v their_o value_n true_o equal_a that_o they_o shall_v produce_v a_o equal_a income_n which_o the_o 100_o l._n at_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n interest_n be_v not_o likely_a to_o do_v 1._o because_o of_o the_o many_o and_o sometime_o long_a interval_n of_o barrenness_n which_o happen_v to_o money_n more_o than_o land_n money_n at_o use_n when_o return_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o owner_n usual_o lie_v dead_a there_o till_o he_o get_v a_o new_a tenant_n for_o it_o and_o can_v put_v it_o out_o again_o and_o all_o this_o time_n it_o produce_v nothing_o but_o this_o happen_v not_o to_o land_n the_o grow_a product_n whereof_o turn_v to_o account_v to_o the_o owner_n even_o when_o it_o be_v in_o his_o hand_n or_o be_v allow_v for_o by_o the_o tenant_n antecedent_o to_o his_o enter_v upon_o the_o farm_n for_o though_o a_o man_n who_o borrow_v money_n at_o midsummer_n never_o begin_v to_o pay_v his_o interest_n from_o our_o lady-day_n or_o one_o moment_n backward_o yet_o he_o who_o rent_n a_o farm_n at_o midsummer_n may_v have_v as_o much_o reason_n to_o begin_v his_o rent_n from_o our_o lady-day_n as_o if_o he_o have_v then_o enter_v upon_o it_o beside_o the_o dead_a interval_n of_o cease_v profit_n which_o happen_v to_o money_n more_o than_o land_n there_o be_v another_o reason_n why_o the_o profit_n and_o income_n of_o money_n let_v out_o shall_v be_v a_o little_a high_o than_o that_o of_o land_n and_o that_o be_v because_o money_n out_o at_o interestâ—â—â—s_n â—â—â—s_z a_o great_a risque_n than_o land_n do_v the_o â—oâ—â—ower_n may_v break_v and_o run_v away_o with_o the_o money_n and_o then_o not_o only_o the_o 〈◊〉_d due_a but_o all_o the_o future_a profit_n with_o the_o principal_a be_v lose_v forever_o but_o in_o land_n a_o man_n can_v lose_v but_o the_o rent_n due_a for_o which_o usual_o too_o the_o stock_n upon_o the_o land_n be_v sufficient_a security_n and_o if_o a_o tenant_n run_v away_o in_o arrear_n of_o some_o rent_n the_o land_n remain_v that_o can_v be_v carry_v away_o or_o lose_v shall_v a_o man_n purchase_v good_a land_n in_o middlesex_n of_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n and_o other_o land_n in_o rumney-marsh_n or_o elsewhere_o of_o the_o same_o yearly_a value_n but_o so_o situate_v that_o it_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v swallow_v of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v utter_o lose_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unreasonable_a he_o shall_v expect_v to_o have_v it_o under_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n suppose_v 16_o ½_o this_o be_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o just_a the_o case_n of_o land_n at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n and_o money_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n where_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o secure_v one_o money_n may_v well_o be_v allow_v that_o advantage_n of_o great_a profit_n and_o therefore_o perhaps_o the_o legal_a interest_n now_o in_o england_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent_z be_v as_o reasonable_a and_o convenient_a a_o rate_n as_o can_v well_o be_v set_v by_o a_o stand_a rule_n especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o the_o law_n require_v not_o a_o man_n to_o pay_v six_o per_fw-la cent_z but_o tie_v up_o the_o lender_n from_o take_v more_o so_o that_o if_o ever_o it_o fall_v of_o itself_o the_o moneyed_a man_n be_v sure_a to_o find_v it_o and_o his_o interest_n will_v be_v bring_v down_o to_o it_o high_a interest_n be_v think_v by_o some_o a_o prejudice_n to_o trade_n but_o if_o we_o will_v look_v back_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o england_n never_o thrive_v so_o well_o nor_o be_v there_o ever_o bring_v into_o england_n so_o great_a a_o increase_n of_o wealth_n since_o as_o in_o queen_n elizabeth_n and_o king_n james_n i._o and_o king_n charles_n i._o time_n when_o money_n be_v at_o 10_o and_o 8_o per_fw-la cent._n i_o will_v not_o say_v high_a interest_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o for_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o our_o thrive_a trade_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o high_a interest_n every_o one_o crave_v money_n to_o employ_v in_o a_o profitable_a commerce_n but_o this_o i_o think_v i_o may_v reasonable_o infer_v from_o it_o that_o lower_v of_o interest_n be_v not_o a_o sure_a way_n to_o improve_v either_o our_o trade_n or_o wealth_n to_o this_o i_o hear_v some_o say_v that_o the_o dutch_a skilful_a in_o all_o art_n of_o promote_a trade_n to_o out_o do_v we_o in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o all_o other_o advancement_n of_o it_o have_v observe_v this_o rule_n that_o when_o we_o fall_v interest_n in_o england_n from_o 10_o to_o 8._o they_o present_o sink_v interest_n in_o holland_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o again_o when_o we_o lower_v it_o to_o 6_o they_o fall_v it_o to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent._n thereby_o to_o keep_v the_o advantage_n which_o the_o lowness_n of_o interest_n give_v to_o trade_n from_o whence_o these_o man_n ready_o conclude_v that_o the_o fall_n of_o interest_n will_v aâ—â—ance_v trade_n in_o england_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v 1._o that_o this_o look_n like_o a_o argument_n rather_o make_v for_o the_o present_a occasion_n to_o mislead_v those_o who_o be_v credulous_a enough_o to_o swallow_v it_o than_o arise_v from_o 〈◊〉_d reason_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n for_o if_o lower_a interest_n be_v so_o advantageous_a to_o trade_n why_o do_v the_o dutch_a so_o constant_o take_v their_o measure_n only_o by_o we_o and_o not_o as_o well_o by_o some_o other_o of_o their_o neighbour_n with_o who_o they_o have_v as_o great_a or_o great_a commerce_n than_o with_o we_o this_o be_v enough_o at_o first_o sight_n to_o make_v one_o suspect_v this_o to_o be_v dust_n only_o raise_v to_o throw_v in_o people_n eye_n and_o a_o suggestion_n make_v to_o serve_v a_o purpose_n for_o 2._o it_o will_v not_o be_v find_v true_a that_o when_o we_o abate_v interest_n here_o in_o england_n to_o 8._o the_o dutch_a sink_v it_o in_o holland_n to_o 4_o per_fw-la cent._n by_o law_n or_o that_o there_o be_v any_o law_n make_v in_o holland_n to_o limit_v the_o rate_n of_o interest_n to_o 3_o per_fw-la cent._n when_o we_o reduce_v it_o in_o england_n to_o 6._o it_o be_v true_a john_n de_fw-fr witt_n when_o he_o manage_v the_o affair_n of_o holland_n set_v himself_o to_o lessen_v the_o public_a debt_n and_o have_v actual_o pay_v some_o and_o get_v money_n in_o a_o readiness_n to_o pay_v other_o send_v notice_n to_o all_o the_o creditor_n that_o those_o who_o will_v not_o take_v 4_o per_fw-la cent._n shall_v come_v and_o receive_v their_o money_n the_o creditor_n find_v he_o in_o earnest_n and_o know_v not_o how_o