may_v have_v furnish_v he_o with_o fifteen_o time_n as_o many_o now_o suppose_v the_o whole_a allegation_n be_v true_a yet_o the_o same_o number_n amount_v but_o to_o 21,000_o all_o which_o if_o the_o whole_a trade_n of_o ship_n in_o france_n be_v quite_o and_o clean_o abandon_v will_v not_o by_o above_o a_o three_o man_n in_o a_o fleet_n be_v equivalent_a to_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o if_o the_o trade_n be_v but_o bare_o keep_v alive_a there_o will_v not_o be_v one_o three_o part_n man_n enough_o to_o man_n the_o say_v fleet._n but_o if_o the_o ship_n trade_n of_o france_n be_v not_o above_o a_o quarter_n as_o great_a as_o that_o of_o england_n and_o that_o one_o three_o part_n of_o the_o same_o namely_o the_o fish_n trade_n to_o the_o bank_n of_o new-found_a land_n be_v not_o peculiar_a nor_o fix_v to_o the_o french_a then_o i_o say_v that_o if_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o have_v power_n to_o press_v man_n can_v under_o two_o or_o three_o month_n time_n man_n his_o fleet_n than_o the_o french_a king_n with_o less_o than_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o same_o help_n can_v never_o do_v it_o at_o all_o for_o in_o france_n as_o shall_v be_v elsewhere_o show_v there_o be_v not_o a_o 15000_o tun_n of_o trading_n vessel_n and_o consequent_o not_o above_o 15,000_o seaman_n reckon_v a_o man_n to_o every_o ten_o tun_n and_o it_o have_v be_v show_v that_o the_o french_a king_n can_v at_o present_v man_n such_o a_o fleet_n as_o be_v above_o describe_v we_o come_v next_o to_o show_v that_o he_o never_o can_v bring_v under_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a impediment_n viz._n first_o if_o there_o be_v but_o 15,000_o seaman_n in_o all_o france_n to_o manage_v its_o trade_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o the_o say_a trade_n shall_v be_v distinguish_v nor_o that_o it_o shall_v spare_v above_o five_o of_o the_o say_v 15,000_o towards_o manage_v of_o the_o fleet_n which_o require_v 35,000_o man_n now_o the_o deficient_a 30000_o must_v be_v supply_v out_o of_o these_o four_o way_n either_o by_o take_v in_o land-man_n of_o which_o sort_n there_o must_v not_o be_v above_o 10,000_o since_o the_o seaman_n will_v never_o be_v content_v without_o be_v the_o major_a part_n nor_o do_v they_o hearty_o wish_v well_o to_o land-man_n at_o all_o or_o rejoice_v even_o at_o those_o success_n of_o which_o the_o say_a land-man_n can_v claim_v any_o share_n think_v it_o hard_a that_o themselves_o who_o be_v breed_v to_o miserable_a and_o painful_a and_o dangerous_a employment_n and_o yet_o profitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n shall_v at_o a_o time_n when_o booty_n and_o purchase_n may_v be_v get_v be_v dogged_a or_o hinder_v with_o any_o conjunction_n which_o land-man_n be_v force_v to_o admit_v these_o to_o any_o equal_a share_n with_o themselves_o second_o the_o seaman_n which_o be_v suppose_v 20,000_o must_v be_v have_v that_o be_v shire_v from_o other_o nation_n which_o can_v be_v without_o tempt_v they_o with_o so_o much_o wage_n as_o exceed_v that_o give_v by_o merchant_n and_o withal_o counterpoise_v the_o damage_n of_o be_v hang_v by_o their_o own_o prince_n and_o allow_v no_o quarter_n if_o take_v the_o trouble_n of_o carry_v themselves_o away_o when_o restraint_n be_v upon_o they_o and_o also_o the_o infamy_n of_o have_v be_v apostate_n to_o their_o country_n and_o cause_n i_o say_v their_o wage_n must_v be_v more_o than_o double_a to_o what_o their_o own_o prince_n give_v they_o and_o their_o aurum_fw-la must_v be_v very_o great_a that_o they_o shall_v not_o at_o long_o run_v be_v abuse_v by_o those_o who_o employ_v they_o as_o hate_v the_o traitor_n though_o love_v the_o treason_n i_o say_v moreover_o that_o those_o who_o will_v be_v thus_o tempt_v away_o must_v be_v of_o the_o base_a &_o lewd_a sort_n of_o seaman_n &_o such_o as_o have_v not_o enough_o of_o honour_n and_o conscience_n to_o qualify_v they_o for_o any_o gallant_a performance_n 3._o another_o way_n to_o exonerate_v seaman_n be_v to_o put_v great_a number_n of_o land-man_n upon_o ship_n of_o war_n in_o order_n to_o bring_v always_o seaman_n but_o this_o course_n can_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o for_o the_o abovementioned_a antipathy_n between_o land-man_n and_o seaman_n but_o also_o because_o it_o be_v see_v that_o man_n at_o sea_n do_v not_o apply_v themselves_o to_o labour_n and_o practice_n without_o more_o necessity_n than_o happen_v in_o over_o mane_v ship_n for_o where_o there_o be_v fifty_o man_n in_o a_o vessel_n that_o ten_o can_v sufficient_o navigate_v the_o supernumerary_n forty_o will_v improve_v little_a but_o where_o there_o shall_v be_v often_o but_o one_o or_o two_o supernumeraries_n than_o necessity_n will_v often_o call_v upon_o every_o one_o to_o set_v his_o hand_n to_o the_o work_n which_o must_v be_v well_o do_v at_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o life_n moreover_o seaman_n shift_v vessel_n every_o six_o or_o twelve_o month_n do_v sometime_o sail_v in_o small_a barge_n sometime_o in_o midlingship_n and_o sometime_o in_o great_a vessel_n of_o defence_n sometime_o in_o lighter_n sometime_o in_o hoy_n sometime_o in_o ketche_n sometime_o in_o three_o waste_a ship_n sometime_o they_o go_v to_o the_o northward_a sometime_o to_o the_o southward_n sometime_o they_o coast_n sometime_o they_o cross_v the_o ocean_n by_o all_o which_o variety_n of_o service_n they_o do_v in_o time_n complete_a themselves_o be_v every_o part_n and_o circumstance_n of_o this_o faculty_n whereas_o those_o who_o go_v out_o for_o a_o summer_n in_o a_o man_n of_o war_n have_v not_o the_o variety_n of_o practice_n nor_o a_o direct_a necessity_n of_o do_v any_o thing_n at_o all_o beside_o it_o be_v three_o or_o four_o year_n at_o a_o medium_n that_o a_o seaman_n must_v be_v make_v neither_o can_v there_o be_v less_o than_o three_o seaman_n to_o make_v the_o four_o of_o a_o landman_n consequent_o the_o fifteen_o thousand_o seaman_n can_v increase_v but_o five_o thousand_o seaman_n in_o three_o or_o four_o year_n and_o unless_o their_o trade_n shall_v increase_v with_o their_o seaman_n in_o proportion_n the_o king_n must_v be_v force_v to_o be_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o this_o improvement_n out_o of_o the_o quick_a stock_n which_o be_v intolerable_a so_o as_o the_o question_n which_o now_o remain_v be_v whither_o the_o ship_n trade_n of_o france_n be_v like_a to_o increase_v upon_o which_o account_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o france_n be_v store_v with_o all_o kind_n of_o necessary_n within_o itself_o as_o corn_n cattle_n wine_n salt_n linnen-cloth_n rape_n silk_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n as_o they_o need_v little_a ship_n to_o import_v more_o commodity_n of_o weight_n and_o bulk_n neither_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n of_o bulk_n export_v out_o of_o france_n but_o wine_n and_o salt_n the_o weight_n whereof_o be_v under_o 1000,000_o tun_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la yield_v not_o employment_n to_o above_o twenty_o five_o thousand_o tun_n of_o ship_n and_o these_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n dutch_a and_o english_a who_o be_v not_o only_o already_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o say_a trade_n but_o also_o be_v better_o fit_v to_o maintain_v it_o then_o the_o french_a be_v or_o perhaps_o ever_o can_v be_v and_o that_o for_o the_o follow_a reason_n viz._n because_o the_o french_a can_v victual_v so_o cheap_a as_o the_o english_a or_o dutch_a nor_o sail_n with_o so_o few_o hand_n second_o the_o french_a for_o want_n of_o good_a coast_n and_o harbour_n can_v keep_v their_o ship_n in_o port_n under_o the_o charge_n that_o the_o english_a or_o hollander_n can_v three_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o paucity_n and_o distance_n of_o their_o harbour_n one_o from_o another_o their_o seaman_n and_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o ship_n can_v correspond_v with_o or_o assist_v one_o another_o so_o easy_o cheap_o advantageous_o as_o in_o other_o place_n wherefore_o if_o their_o shipping-trade_n be_v not_o like_a to_o increase_v within_o themselves_o and_o much_o less_o to_o increase_v by_o their_o beat_n out_o the_o english_a and_o hollander_n from_o be_v the_o carrier_n of_o the_o world_n it_o follow_v then_o their_o seaman_n will_v not_o be_v increase_v by_o their_o increase_n of_o their_o trade_n wherefore_o and_o for_o that_o they_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v increase_v by_o any_o of_o their_o several_a way_n above_o specify_v and_o for_o that_o their_o part_n be_v not_o fit_a to_o retain_v ship_n of_o burden_n and_o quality_n fit_a for_o their_o purpose_n and_o that_o by_o reason_n of_o less_o fitness_n of_o their_o port_n then_o those_o of_o their_o neighbour_n i_o conceive_v that_o which_o be_v propound_v have_v be_v competent_o prove_v the_o aforenamed_a fournier_n have_v labour_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a to_o all_o this_o in_o the_o ninety_o second_o and_o ninety_o eight_o page_n of_o his_o hydrography_n unto_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o
three_o mile_n of_o london_n and_o within_o the_o city_n several_a but_o the_o most_o note_a that_o at_o the_o postern-gate_n by_o tower-hill_n and_o that_o call_v crowders-well_a hard_o by_o cripplegate_n aleyceston_n in_o huntingtonshire_n where_o there_o be_v two_o small_a spring_n one_o whereof_o be_v fresh_a be_v account_v good_a for_o the_o eye_n the_o other_o a_o little_a brackish_a for_o scab_n and_o leprosy_n buxton_n in_o derbyshire_n where_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o 24_o foot_n there_o arise_v out_o of_o a_o rock_n from_o under_o a_o square_a structure_n of_o freestone_n 9_o spring_n whereof_o one_o only_o be_v cold_a all_o the_o rest_n very_o warm_a but_o among_o all_o these_o it_o will_v be_v a_o unpardonable_a oversight_n to_o pass_v by_o unmentioned_a that_o famous_a well_o of_o st._n winifrid_n common_o call_v the_o holy-well_a in_o flintshire_n former_o much_o frequent_v partly_o by_o way_n of_o pilgrimage_n partly_o for_o the_o great_a virtue_n it_o be_v repute_v to_o have_v in_o the_o cure_n of_o many_o malady_n through_o the_o easy_a faith_n no_o doubt_n and_o fond_a credulity_n of_o the_o delude_a vulgar_a who_o be_v always_o apt_a to_o pay_v high_a adoration_n and_o ascribe_v miraculous_a cure_n to_o the_o body_n relic_n or_o any_o memorial_n of_o person_n recommend_v to_o they_o for_o saint_n for_o here_o the_o tradition_n go_v that_o the_o virgin_n saint_n winifred_n be_v here_o behead_v a_o fountain_n immediate_o spring_v up_o as_o if_o the_o earth_n bewail_v her_o martyrdom_n burst_v forth_o into_o a_o â—ood_a of_o tear_n and_o the_o pebble-stone_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o say_a fountain_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v of_o a_o reddish_n colour_n we_o be_v to_o suppose_v that_o they_o retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o tincture_n of_o the_o virgin_n blood_n those_o spring_n and_o water_n that_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o high_a hill_n must_v be_v allow_v to_o have_v something_o of_o rarity_n in_o they_o in_o regard_n to_o those_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o verse_v in_o the_o knowledge_n of_o natural_a cause_n and_o production_n it_o may_v seem_v wonderful_a that_o the_o water_n shall_v rise_v so_o high_a above_o the_o common_a surface_n of_o the_o earth_n particular_o on_o the_o high_a hill_n of_o carnarvonshire_n be_v two_o meers_n also_o a_o spring_n on_o the_o top_n of_o moilenlyhills_n in_o denbyshire_n likewise_o among_o the_o wonder_n or_o rarity_n of_o england_n may_v be_v reckon_v those_o ditch_n which_o stand_v yet_o as_o monument_n of_o the_o art_n and_o industry_n of_o our_o forefather_n first_o that_o on_o newmarket-heath_n which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o devils-ditch_n second_o wansdike_n in_o wiltshire_n a_o work_n of_o many_o miles_n extent_n cast_v up_o in_o memory_n of_o a_o battle_n between_o the_o mercian_n and_o westsaxon_n three_o clough_n d'offa_o or_o offa_n ditch_n a_o work_n not_o inferior_a to_o the_o former_a mention_v and_o much_o upon_o the_o same_o occasion_n make_v of_o the_o populacy_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n the_o populacy_n of_o a_o nation_n be_v best_a estimate_v from_o the_o number_n of_o its_o town_n and_o city_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n proportionable_o to_o its_o circumference_n be_v scarce_o inferior_a to_o any_o kingdom_n or_o country_n of_o europe_n which_o be_v also_o account_v the_o the_o most_o populous_a of_o all_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n except_o france_n and_o the_o low-countries_n which_o last_o be_v account_v no_o big_a in_o compass_n than_o yorkshire_n be_v judge_v to_o contain_v as_o many_o town_n and_o inhabit_a place_n as_o ten_o time_n the_o circuit_n thereof_o in_o most_o other_o country_n and_o to_o some_o much_o superior_a particular_o spain_n late_o esteem_v the_o most_o considerable_a monarchy_n of_o christendom_n and_o that_o it_o continue_v not_o so_o to_o this_o day_n we_o may_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n imâ—â—te_n to_o the_o paucity_n of_o people_n in_o that_o kingdom_n for_o doubtless_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o conduce_v more_o to_o the_o strength_n grandeur_n prosperity_n and_o riches_n of_o a_o nation_n than_o the_o populousness_n thereof_o especial_o where_o industry_n be_v in_o the_o least_o encourage_v and_o idleness_n discountenance_v wherefore_o that_o nation_n that_o will_v ever_o hope_v to_o flourish_v aught_o to_o use_v all_o mean_n and_o endeavour_n possible_a for_o the_o increase_n of_o its_o people_n and_o to_o avoid_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v all_o occasion_n of_o depopulation_n the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o dispeople_n of_o spain_n which_o according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o several_a creditable_a author_n have_v be_v ancient_o much_o better_o people_v than_o at_o present_a have_v be_v first_o the_o multitude_n of_o monastery_n and_o religious_a prison_n those_o receptacle_n of_o force_a chastity_n and_o as_o they_o be_v order_v impediment_n of_o the_o world_n lawful_a increase_n next_o the_o violent_a expulsion_n of_o the_o moor_n out_o of_o spain_n after_o that_o by_o a_o long_a establish_a settlement_n and_o be_v habituate_v to_o the_o same_o custom_n manner_n and_o religion_n they_o be_v become_v as_o it_o be_v one_o body_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o people_n last_o those_o vast_a colony_n send_v out_o of_o spain_n to_o maintain_v and_o possess_v the_o ample_a conquest_n or_o rather_o ambitious_a and_o bloody_a invasion_n and_o depopulation_n make_v by_o the_o the_o spaniard_n there_o the_o city_n and_o market-town_n of_o england_n be_v in_o number_n 607._o to_o which_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o burrough_n town_n that_o be_v such_o as_o send_v burgess_n to_o parliament_n and_o all_o the_o inhabit_a village_n whereof_o some_o be_v conderable_a be_v add_v make_v above_o 10_o time_n the_o number_n so_o that_o all_o the_o parish_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v reckon_v 9285._o and_o doubtless_o within_o the_o say_a circumference_n which_o be_v general_o compute_v to_o be_v about_o 1352_o mile_n may_v be_v very_o well_o comprehend_v five_o time_n as_o many_o town_n or_o place_n of_o habitation_n if_o all_o the_o forest_n chase_n and_o unimproved_a vast_a heath_n and_o commons_o be_v take_v in_o and_o improve_v to_o the_o best_a advantage_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o that_o next_o to_o be_v bear_v under_o a_o happy_a climate_n the_o live_n under_o a_o happy_a government_n the_o great_a advantage_n and_o strength_n of_o a_o people_n be_v to_o be_v numerous_a proportionable_o to_o the_o extent_n of_o territory_n they_o possess_v since_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v apparent_a enough_o that_o in_o a_o well_o inhabit_a city_n the_o people_n must_v needs_o be_v so_o much_o the_o better_a able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o from_o any_o force_n or_o opposition_n next_o if_o it_o be_v a_o place_n of_o any_o trade_n take_v any_o particular_a number_n of_o what_o trade_n soever_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v ever_o a_o whit_n the_o poor_a but_o rather_o the_o rich_a than_o if_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v be_v few_o for_o admit_v they_o of_o the_o same_o trade_n or_o employment_n a_o profitable_a and_o corresponsible_a trade_n be_v the_o more_o lively_a and_o vigorous_o carry_v on_o by_o many_o hand_n and_o suppose_v they_o of_o several_a occupation_n the_o circulation_n of_o money_n from_o the_o one_o to_o other_o help_v all_o in_o general_n though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o in_o a_o straggle_a town_n or_o city_n who_o part_n lie_v disjoin_v and_o far_o asunder_o the_o people_n however_o considerable_a in_o number_n can_v be_v so_o assistant_n to_o each_o other_o in_o mutual_a aid_n society_n or_o commerce_n as_o in_o a_o regular_a and_o well_o compact_a city_n so_o likewise_o in_o a_o kingdom_n that_o prince_n who_o have_v never_o so_o large_a a_o empire_n yet_o if_o thin_o people_v or_o divide_v into_o several_a part_n remote_o distant_a and_o interrupt_v from_o mutual_a intercourse_n by_o long_a voyage_n of_o land_n and_o sea_n can_v be_v look_v upon_o as_o so_o powerful_a a_o prince_n as_o he_o that_o have_v the_o like_a number_n of_o people_n in_o one_o entire_a and_o unite_a dominion_n certain_o no_o monarch_n of_o the_o world_n much_o less_o of_o christendom_n whoever_o he_o be_v that_o have_v add_v most_o to_o his_o empire_n by_o never_o so_o many_o new_a make_v conquest_n can_v pretend_v to_o so_o large_a a_o share_n or_o portion_n of_o the_o earth_n as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o nevertheless_o as_o the_o transaction_n of_o a_o few_o late_a past_a year_n have_v make_v appear_v have_v bear_v but_o his_o four_o part_n with_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n in_o opposition_n to_o a_o prince_n far_o inferior_a to_o he_o in_o jurisdiction_n and_o what_o shall_v be_v the_o reason_n of_o this_o but_o that_o his_o dominion_n lie_v so_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o and_o his_o kingdom_n of_o spain_n which_o his_o residence_n there_o chief_o enable_v
lace_n of_o that_o place_n have_v be_v think_v not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v mention_v by_o several_a of_o england_n topographer_n so_o likewise_o the_o glove_n purse_n and_o leathern_a point_n of_o congleton_n a_o market_n town_n of_o cheshire_n the_o pin_n of_o aberford_n in_o yorkshire_n the_o make_n of_o rope_n and_o cable_n for_o ship_n be_v heretofore_o not_o only_o especial_o eminent_a at_o birtport_n in_o dorsetshire_n above_o all_o other_o place_n but_o also_o so_o high_o approve_v for_o the_o goodness_n and_o curiosity_n of_o the_o workmanship_n that_o a_o statute_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v for_o a_o time_n ordain_v that_o no_o rope_n or_o cable_n for_o the_o king_n ship_n shall_v be_v make_v any_o where_o else_o but_o that_o act_n appear_v to_o have_v be_v long_o since_o out_o of_o date_n for_o there_o be_v great_a rope-yard_n belong_v to_o all_o the_o ship-dock_n of_o england_n particular_o at_o deptford_n there_o be_v very_o famous_a and_o large_a one_o smiths-work_n whatever_o it_o be_v at_o present_a have_v be_v heretofore_o peculiar_o attribute_v to_o the_o artist_n of_o salisbury_n in_o wiltshire_n bremicham_n in_o warwickshire_n chedder_n in_o somersetshire_n sheffield_n in_o yorkshire_n malton_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n and_o walsal_n in_o staffordshire_n particular_o salisbury_n be_v commend_v for_o razor_n bremicham_n and_o sheffield_n for_o blade_n of_o knife_n chedder_n for_o teasel_n or_o instrument_n use_v in_o the_o dress_n of_o cloth_n malton_n for_o instrument_n use_v in_o husbandry_n and_o walsal_n for_o bit_n and_o snaffle_n for_o horse_n moreover_o this_o last_o town_n be_v note_v as_o well_o for_o pewterer_n as_o smith_n but_o by_o the_o way_n the_o mention_n of_o knife_n have_v bring_v to_o mind_v a_o just_a occasion_n of_o admiration_n that_o be_v since_o the_o english_a have_v be_v observe_v and_o not_o without_o just_a cause_n to_o be_v a_o good_a stout_a eat_a people_n there_o be_v more_o substantial_a joint_n of_o beef_n and_o mutton_n etc._n etc._n consume_v among_o we_o than_o perhaps_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n beside_o how_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o shall_v be_v so_o tardy_a in_o the_o art_n of_o knife-making_a or_o what_o invention_n we_o have_v in_o former_a day_n to_o avoid_v those_o indecency_n at_o the_o table_n which_o the_o want_n of_o knife_n must_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o for_o it_o be_v credible_o report_v that_o one_o thomas_n matthews_n live_v on_o fleet-bridge_n be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v knife_n in_o england_n which_o be_v in_o the_o 5_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o q._n elizabeth_n the_o best_a tobacco-pipe_n for_o neatness_n of_o shape_n and_o form_n and_o for_o a_o curious_a shine_a gloss_n be_v make_v at_o ambresbury_n vulgar_o call_v emsbury_n in_o wiltshire_n about_o a_o mile_n or_o two_o from_o stonehenge_n they_o be_v common_o call_v gantlet-pipe_n have_v the_o mark_n of_o a_o gauntlet_n impress_v on_o the_o flat_a bottom_n of_o the_o bowl_n from_o mr._n hugh_n gauntlet_n who_o be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v they_o to_o this_o perfection_n there_o be_v also_o several_a edible_a and_o potable_a work_n of_o art_n which_o may_v in_o my_o opinion_n proper_o enough_o come_v under_o the_o head_n of_o english_a manufacture_n the_o coagulation_n of_o milk_n into_o the_o consistence_n of_o cheese_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o invention_n of_o the_o osci_n a_o ancient_a people_n of_o italy_n but_o whence_o or_o from_o whosoever_o proceed_v this_o sort_n of_o artificial_a food_n be_v the_o most_o common_a and_o universal_a in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o world_n where_o the_o most_o rational_a and_o civil_a way_n of_o eat_v be_v in_o use_n of_o all_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n cheshire_n for_o this_o kind_n of_o edible_a may_v i_o judge_v be_v allow_v the_o bay_n above_o all_o other_o part_n at_o least_o of_o this_o kingdom_n and_o for_o aught_o i_o know_v a_o true_a cheshire_n cheese_n if_o right_o value_v may_v stand_v in_o competition_n with_o the_o parmesan_n of_o italy_n the_o angelot_n of_o france_n and_o the_o full-moon_n of_o holland_n only_o with_o this_o pre-eminence_n reserve_v to_o the_o last_o that_o but_o for_o the_o bigness_n it_o may_v serve_v as_o well_o for_o the_o bowling-green_n as_o the_o table_n suffolk_z in_o this_o particular_a challenge_n the_o next_o place_n but_o doubtless_o in_o respect_n rather_o of_o quantity_n than_o quality_n for_o this_o county_n furnish_v with_o cheese_n not_o only_o several_a other_o part_n of_o england_n but_o also_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n a_o lean_a traveller_n may_v possible_o be_v think_v able_a to_o endure_v a_o long_a journey_n better_o than_o one_o that_o be_v plump_a and_o fat_a these_o be_v the_o two_o principal_a cheese-county_n of_o england_n but_o in_o other_o county_n this_o pretention_n be_v fix_v to_o particular_a place_n as_o in_o somersetshire_n to_o chedder_n beforementioned_a the_o cheese_n whereof_o be_v of_o that_o repute_n as_o to_o be_v frequent_o prefer_v even_o before_o those_o of_o cheshire_n opinion_n and_o imagination_n be_v two_o great_a thing_n in_o warwickshire_n banbury_n have_v a_o name_n both_o for_o cheese_n and_o cake_n the_o justification_n of_o which_o name_n be_v best_a leave_v to_o the_o experience_a taster_n of_o both_o for_o sugar'd-cake_n shrewsbury_n be_v without_o controversy_n allow_v to_o bear_v away_o the_o bell_n from_o all_o other_o place_n but_o to_o save_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o cake-maker_n of_o other_o part_n this_o super-excellence_n be_v attribute_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o severn-water_n in_o that_o place_n other_o place_n there_o be_v that_o challenge_n their_o peculiar_o of_o this_o nature_n but_o the_o most_o proverbial_o eminent_a be_v the_o whitepot_n of_o devonshire_n and_o dumpling_n of_o norfolk_n nor_o must_v the_o potable_n of_o england_n be_v altogether_o forget_v for_o ale_n derbyshire_n and_o particular_o derby-town_n also_o hull_n northdown_n and_o sandbitch_n and_o weable_o aforementioned_a be_v most_o especial_o fame_v for_o cider_n all_o gloucestershire_n worcestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n for_o metheglin_n shropshire_n herefordshire_n and_o some_o part_n of_o wales_n to_o the_o manufacture_n of_o england_n may_v not_o unfit_o be_v add_v a_o account_n of_o those_o curious_a art_n and_o invention_n which_o be_v now_o flourish_v in_o this_o nation_n whether_o new_o or_o for_o some_o age_n last_o pass_v and_o among_o these_o the_o first_o and_o principal_n be_v the_o excellent_a and_o by_o some_o high_o applaud_v and_o by_o other_o most_o condemn_a art_n of_o print_v this_o noble_a invention_n in_o many_o respect_v useful_a and_o no_o way_n so_o pernicious_a as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o think_v be_v first_o exercise_v by_o william_n caxton_n mercer_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o k._n edw._n the_o iv._o keep_v his_o printing-house_n in_o westminster-abbey_n by_o the_o permission_n of_o simon_n islip_n abbot_n of_o westminster_n and_o the_o first_o book_n set_v forth_o some_o say_v be_v tully_n office_n other_o say_v a_o book_n treat_v of_o the_o way_n of_o play_v the_o game_n at_o chess_n the_o next_o invention_n appear_v here_o among_o we_o must_v be_v allow_v little_o less_o ingenious_a than_o the_o former_a but_o wonderful_o more_o capable_a of_o do_v mischief_n i_o mean_v the_o true_o black_a art_n of_o gunpowder_n the_o swart_a invention_n of_o a_o swart_a monk_n and_o possible_o by_o the_o inspiration_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o darkness_n yet_o one_o thing_n be_v worthy_a to_o be_v observe_v viz._n that_o since_o the_o discovery_n of_o this_o gloomy_a drug_n whatever_o destruction_n have_v be_v commit_v by_o wholesale_n something_o of_o amends_o have_v be_v make_v by_o retail_n for_o whereas_o in_o former_a time_n when_o the_o bow_n lance_n and_o javelin_n be_v in_o use_n history_n make_v nothing_o of_o 40_o or_o 50000_o slay_v in_o the_o field_n now_o that_o the_o musket_n dragoon_n and_o pistol_n come_v in_o fashion_n even_o with_o the_o cannon_n to_o boot_v it_o be_v a_o great_a matter_n to_o hear_v of_o the_o fall_n of_o 10_o or_o 20000._o beside_o as_o a_o member_n sometime_o be_v not_o ill_o lose_v to_o save_v a_o man_n so_o in_o great_a body_n a_o house_n may_v be_v better_o spare_v than_o a_o whole_a street_n or_o town_n which_o deliverance_n nothing_o but_o gunpowder_n can_v effect_v but_o then_o against_o this_o benefit_n may_v be_v oppose_v the_o spring_a of_o mine_n to_o blow_v up_o castle_n fort_n and_o citadel_n mere_o for_o destruction_n sake_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v and_o it_o appear_v from_o history_n that_o the_o chariot_n have_v be_v know_v in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n but_o the_o use_n of_o those_o portable_a house_n call_v coach_n which_o at_o this_o day_n be_v increase_v to_o a_o vast_a multitude_n
equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o that_o conveniency_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereunto_o chap._n ii_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n may_v rather_o increase_v then_o diminish_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n chap._n iii_o that_o france_n can_v by_v reason_n of_o natural_a and_o perpetual_a impediment_n be_v more_o powerful_a at_o sea_n then_o england_n and_o the_o low_a country_n chap._n iu._n that_o the_o people_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v natural_o as_o considerable_a for_o wealth_n and_o strength_n as_o those_o of_o france_n chap._n v._n that_o the_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v contingent_a and_o removable_a chap._n vi_o that_o the_o power_n and_o wealth_n of_o england_n have_v increase_v these_o last_o 40_o year_n chap._n vii_o that_o one_o 10_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v 100000_o foot_n 40000_o horse_n and_o 40000_o man_n at_o sea_n and_o defray_v all_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n both_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a etc._n etc._n chap._n viii_o that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n enough_o among_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o earn_v two_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o employment_n ready_a proper_a and_o sufficient_a for_o the_o purpose_n chap._n ix_o that_o there_o be_v money_n sufficient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n chap._n x._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n have_v stock_n competent_a and_o convenient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_n world_n the_o introduction_n or_o the_o original_a of_o trade_n plain_o demonstrate_v its_o increase_n the_o mean_n and_o method_n use_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o perfection_n it_o be_v arrive_v to_o at_o present_a and_o of_o the_o great_a benefit_n reap_v thereby_o both_o in_o general_n and_o particular_a chap._n i._n that_o inland_n &_o maritime_a trade_n &_o traffic_n be_v with_o god_n blessing_n on_o man_n endeavour_n the_o chief_a pillar_n and_o support_v of_o all_o nation_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o first_o rise_n and_o greatness_n be_v so_o evident_a that_o argument_n to_o prove_v it_o will_v be_v ineffectual_a yet_o from_o the_o world_n be_v original_a it_o have_v not_o its_o perfection_n nor_o indeed_o can_v it_o till_o mankind_n increase_v and_o by_o spread_v wide_a in_o the_o earth_n people_v its_o vast_a immensity_n nor_o then_o for_o some_o thousand_o of_o year_n be_v it_o national_a but_o rather_o in_o secret_a between_o man_n and_o man_n few_o people_n know_v the_o benefit_n of_o any_o other_o commodity_n then_o what_o be_v of_o the_o native_a growth_n of_o those_o country_n they_o inhabit_v nor_o so_o can_v riches_n abound_v for_o coin_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n useless_a or_o indeed_o not_o mention_v till_o the_o day_n of_o abraham_n the_o patriarch_n exchange_n of_o good_n be_v the_o only_a traffic_n and_o consequent_o on_o that_o score_n few_o trade_v for_o more_o than_o they_o have_v present_a occasion_n to_o use_v by_o reason_n many_o thing_n be_v not_o of_o last_a quality_n and_o for_o that_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n travel_v from_o place_n to_o place_n their_o chief_a riches_n consist_v in_o cattle_n but_o at_o last_o when_o they_o build_v city_n and_o town_n and_o find_v the_o conveniency_n of_o a_o settlement_n they_o extend_v their_o traffic_n far_o and_o one_o city_n trade_v with_o another_o which_o still_o spread_v wide_a yet_o long_o be_v it_o '_o ere_fw-we they_o find_v mean_n to_o plough_v the_o bosom_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o to_o hold_v commerce_n and_o traffic_n with_o remote_a nation_n which_o no_o soon_o be_v bring_v to_o my_o perfection_n but_o riches_n abound_v and_o plenty_n flow_v in_o on_o every_o side_n man_n then_o and_o not_o till_o then_o begin_v to_o give_v their_o thought_n large_a scope_n and_o not_o content_v with_o the_o portion_n of_o earth_n allot_v they_o begin_v to_o grow_v emulous_a &_o aspire_v to_o universal_a sovereignty_n as_o likewise_o to_o plant_v colony_n in_o till_o then_o unhabitable_a island_n which_o have_v not_o ship_n be_v invent_v must_v have_v continue_v without_o inhabitant_n as_o at_o this_o time_n past_a doubt_n for_o want_v of_o discovery_n many_o do_v in_o the_o remote_a sea_n especial_o under_o the_o arctic_a pole_n who_o extremity_n render_v they_o unaccessible_a or_o at_o least_o unhabitable_a and_o of_o all_o nation_n the_o greek_n be_v the_o first_o that_o bring_v navigation_n to_o any_o perfection_n by_o which_o they_o grow_v opulent_a and_o extend_v their_o colony_n to_o thâ—_n utmost_a orient_a acquire_v the_o empire_n of_o the_o then_o know_a world_n their_o fame_n grow_v every_o where_o great_a nor_o can_v the_o roman_n bring_v their_o warlike_a expedition_n to_o any_o perfection_n till_o they_o be_v lord_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n bring_v into_o that_o one_o city_n the_o store_n of_o all_o nation_n so_o that_o from_o cottage_n of_o shepherd_n who_o lay_v she_o first_o foundation_n she_o soon_o become_v magnificent_a thrust_v up_o her_o lofty_a spire_n bedeck_v with_o gold_n so_o high_a that_o they_o in_o a_o manner_n kiss_v the_o cloud_n and_o render_v she_o the_o awful_a mistress_n of_o the_o universe_n and_o by_o trade_n and_o industry_n more_o than_o by_o arm_n keep_v up_o her_o reputation_n for_o six_o hundred_o year_n when_o range_v the_o world_n to_o find_v out_o country_n unconquered_a at_o last_o from_o gallia_n or_o france_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o caesar_n they_o enter_v britain_n a_o place_n then_o wild_a and_o rude_a not_o know_v how_o to_o use_v the_o abundant_a plenty_n that_o nature_n bestow_v upon_o they_o but_o refuse_v all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n feed_v upon_o root_n of_o herb_n and_o bark_n of_o tree_n not_o tilling_n any_o ground_n nor_o sow_a corn_n otherwise_o then_o scatter_v it_o on_o the_o untilled_a surface_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o harrow_n it_o over_o with_o bush_n suffer_v their_o cattle_n fowl_n and_o fish_n of_o which_o they_o have_v store_n to_o continue_v useless_a scarce_o know_v any_o shore_n but_o their_o own_o their_o traffic_n or_o merchandise_n for_o the_o most_o part_n among_o themselves_o and_o that_o but_o mean_v their_o chief_a riches_n consist_v as_o strabo_n say_v in_o ivory-box_n shears_n onche_n bit_n bridle_n chain_n of_o iron_n wreath_n glass_n colour_a and_o the_o like_a which_o they_o usual_o deliver_v to_o each_o other_o as_o currant_n coin_n for_o what_o their_o necessity_n require_v but_o no_o soon_o have_v the_o roman_n civilise_v they_o and_o instruct_v they_o in_o such_o art_n as_o be_v most_o suitable_a to_o their_o capacity_n and_o may_v stand_v they_o in_o great_a stead_n but_o they_o begin_v to_o build_v house_n live_v before_o for_o the_o most_o in_o hut_n and_o go_v naked_a and_o turn_v their_o leather_n boat_n into_o tall_a ship_n furrow_n the_o sea_n broad_a back_n and_o discover_v many_o nation_n to_o they_o till_o then_o unknown_a so_o that_o by_o traffic_n abroad_o and_o improvement_n at_o home_n this_o island_n grow_v famous_a and_o spread_v its_o name_n to_o the_o utmost_a limit_v of_o the_o know_a earth_n so_o that_o be_v right_o term_v the_o store-house_n of_o the_o western_a world_n all_o the_o neighbour-nation_n trade_v hither_o so_o that_o those_o port_n and_o havens_n that_o be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n useless_a be_v now_o fill_v with_o ship_n of_o all_o nation_n so_o that_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v have_v in_o abundance_n and_o coin_n in_o imitation_n of_o those_o the_o roman_n stamp_v with_o the_o effigy_n of_o their_o king_n and_o prince_n which_o then_o be_v many_o each_o county_n contain_v two_o or_o three_o and_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o variance_n among_o themselves_o which_o give_v the_o roman_n a_o opportunity_n to_o become_v conqueror_n at_o a_o easy_a rate_n than_o otherwise_o they_o can_v during_o the_o four_o hundred_o year_n and_o odd_a that_o the_o roman_n govern_v here_o by_o their_o lieutenant_n and_o sometime_o by_o their_o emperor_n in_o person_n rome_n and_o after_o her_o constantinople_n the_o new_a seat_n of_o empire_n abound_v with_o our_o store_n so_o that_o more_o tribute_n be_v pay_v by_o this_o island_n then_o by_o france_n and_o germany_n though_o ten_o time_n as_o large_a but_o the_o fame_n of_o britain_n wealth_n prove_v her_o unhappyness_n for_o the_o goth_n break_v in_o upon_o the_o roman_a empire_n who_o spread_a top_n be_v too_o large_a to_o be_v support_v by_o the_o slender_a bowl_n her_o branch_n be_v tear_v off_o on_o every_o side_n so_o that_o to_o support_v their_o own_o the_o roman_n be_v force_v to_o recall_v
hundred_o and_o eight_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o one_o hundred_o pound_n london_n suttle_n weight_n make_v ninety_o two_o of_o they_o or_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o english_a one_o hundred_o and_o three_o and_o a_o half_a of_o scotch_a their_o measure_n for_o linen_n stuff_n cloth_n or_o silk_n be_v the_o ell_n which_o be_v want_v of_o we_o insomuch_o that_o it_o differ_v from_o our_o yard_n four_o per_fw-la cent_n that_o be_v four_o yard_n in_o a_o hundred_o ell_n so_o that_o seventy_o five_o yard_n or_o sixty_o ell_n english_a make_v seventy_o two_o scotch_a but_o in_o tale_n to_o every_o hundred_o they_o reckon_v sixscore_a in_o measure_n for_o corn_n coal_n salt_n wine_n beer_n ale_n oil_n and_o the_o like_a they_o come_v near_o at_o one_o with_o we_o their_o navigation_n be_v but_o small_a for_o the_o most_o part_n trading_n with_o england_n and_o ireland_n yet_o be_v they_o a_o people_n frugal_a and_o much_o bend_v to_o improve_v the_o growth_n of_o their_o country_n and_o thus_o have_v take_v a_o view_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o i_o must_v pass_v over_o into_o ireland_n the_o three_o diamond_n in_o the_o british_a diadem_n chap._n ix_o a_o view_n of_o ireland_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n manner_n and_o present_a state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n ireland_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o province_n viz._n lempster_n munster_n connought_n ulster_n and_o meath_z and_o be_v four_o hundred_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o two_o hundred_o in_o breadth_n the_o chief_a city_n and_o town_n be_v dublin_n kinnsail_n london_n derry_n limrick_n cork_n waterford_n armah_n dungannon_n marleburg_n phillips-town_n kildare_n and_o tradah_n this_o kingdom_n abound_v in_o navigable_a river_n store_n of_o fish_n cattle_n and_o hide_v which_o be_v transport_v into_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n salmon_n be_v catch_v in_o such_o abundance_n in_o july_n and_o august_n that_o many_o servant_n in_o the_o place_n of_o that_o fishery_n covenant_n with_o their_o master_n upon_o their_o be_v hire_v that_o they_o will_v not_o feed_v upon_o salmon_n but_o only_o so_o many_o day_n in_o a_o week_n these_o they_o salt_n and_o barrel_n up_o send_v they_o into_o all_o the_o neighbour_a country_n where_o they_o be_v receive_v as_o good_a merchandise_n the_o herring_n fishery_n be_v likewise_o use_v and_o improve_v by_o they_o as_o likewise_o pilchard_n which_o be_v take_v in_o august_n september_n and_o october_n and_o transport_v into_o spain_n france_n and_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n they_o have_v store_n likewise_o of_o butter_n cheese_n calves-skin_n and_o other_o necessary_a commodity_n their_o corn_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o yet_o in_o value_n not_o the_o same_o for_o a_o pound_n sterling_n irish_a be_v worth_a according_a to_o the_o intrinsic_a value_n no_o more_o than_o fifteen_o shilling_n english_a and_o the_o shilling_n consequent_o but_o nine_o penny_n sterling_a six_o penny_n irish_a but_o four_o penny_n half_a penny_n sterling_n the_o exchange_n be_v practise_v in_o the_o city_n of_o dublin_n but_o of_o little_a use_n as_o to_o any_o transmarine_a place_n unless_o england_n and_o there_o principal_o london_n and_o bristol_n common_o run_v at_o eight_o penny_n upon_o the_o pound_n or_o at_o most_o but_o one_o shilling_n which_o be_v but_o five_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v or_o for_o the_o most_o part_n consistent_a to_o those_o of_o england_n and_o in_o fine_a it_o be_v a_o country_n exceed_v fertile_a abound_v in_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n which_o will_v turn_v to_o great_a advantage_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o industrious_a especial_o in_o fit_v out_o ship_n for_o navigation_n but_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n roave_fw-it abroad_o improve_n other_o country_n and_o neglect_v their_o own_o their_o chief_a merchandise_n be_v in_o fish_n which_o they_o send_v into_o france_n spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n and_o thus_o i_o shall_v leave_v this_o kingdom_n and_o return_n or_o rather_o sail_v round_a britain_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o ocean_n island_n chap._n x._o a_o view_n of_o the_o ocean_n island_n and_o of_o their_o trade_n viz._n such_o as_o be_v subject_a to_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o ocean_n island_n be_v scatter_v in_o the_o british_a sea_n like_o so_o many_o pearl_n to_o adorn_v the_o imperial_a diadem_n and_o be_v first_o the_o orcades_n or_o isle_n of_o orkney_n thirty_o two_o in_o number_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o be_v pomonia_n which_o abound_v in_o mine_n of_o tinn_n and_o lead_n the_o next_o hethy_o and_o the_o other_o there_o be_v only_o three_o of_o they_o of_o note_n shethland_n bear_v fruit-tree_n of_o strange_a kind_n especial_o those_o who_o blossom_n drop_v into_o the_o warter_n become_v fly_v bird_n the_o next_o be_v the_o island_n of_o the_o hebrides_n in_o number_n forty_o four_o the_o chief_a whereof_o be_v illa_fw-la abound_v with_o store_n of_o venison_n and_o jona_n famous_a for_o the_o sepulcher_n of_o the_o scottish_a king_n as_o likewise_o mulla_n where_o the_o redshanks_n inhabit_v once_o so_o fearful_a to_o england_n the_o rest_n be_v of_o little_a note_n the_o island_n call_v the_o sorling_n be_v one_o hundred_o forty_o five_o the_o principal_a be_v armath_n agnes_n samson_n and_o scilly_n after_o which_o name_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v call_v the_o inhabitant_n thereof_o trade_n in_o fishery_n sow_v corn_n and_o addict_v themselves_o to_o manufacture_n the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v a_o square_a island_n be_v ten_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o as_o many_o in_o breadth_n the_o growth_n of_o it_o be_v flax_n hemp_n oat_n barley_n and_o wheat_n have_v store_n of_o cattle_n and_o other_o merchandise_n bring_v in_o thither_o by_o ship_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v ballacury_n russin_n or_o chasteltown_n the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n be_v account_v a_o shire_n of_o wales_n and_o by_o some_o call_v the_o mother_n of_o wales_n be_v twenty_o four_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o seventeen_o mile_n over_o fruitful_a it_o be_v even_o beyond_o report_n in_o corn_n fruit_n cattle_n fowl_n and_o fish_n improve_v by_o several_a profitable_a manufacture_n the_o inhabitant_n make_v great_a store_n of_o butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o send_v out_o of_o it_o yearly_o three_o thousand_o head_n of_o cattle_n it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v beaumaris_n very_o commodious_a for_o ship_n jersey_n be_v a_o fair_a island_n in_o compass_n twenty_o miles_n people_v with_o industrious_a inhabitant_n yearly_a improve_n their_o commodidity_n and_o vend_v they_o to_o good_a advantage_n trade_n with_o england_n and_o france_n especial_o famous_a for_o the_o many_o fine_a orchard_n and_o garden_n the_o chief_a town_n and_o place_n of_o traffic_n be_v st._n mallo_n and_o st._n hillary_n the_o former_a be_v nightly_o guard_v without_o the_o wall_n from_o this_o island_n twenty_o mile_n distant_a be_v guernsey_n surround_v with_o spacious_a harbour_n and_o in_o every_o part_n fertile_a store_v with_o cattle_n and_o lie_v commodious_a for_o ship_n face_v the_o coast_n of_o france_n and_o have_v for_o its_o chief_a town_n st._n peter_n the_o last_o of_o the_o isle_n surround_v britain_n be_v the_o famous_a isle_n of_o wight_n which_o be_v twenty_o mile_n long_o and_o twelve_o over_o and_o abound_v with_o all_o thing_n wherewith_o england_n be_v store_v divide_v from_o portsmouth_n but_o by_o a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n lie_v most_o commodious_a for_o the_o reception_n of_o ship_n and_o for_o it_o be_v chief_a town_n have_v yarmouth_n newport_n and_o bradring_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n surround_v britain_n and_o now_o i_o shall_v only_o take_v a_o short_a survey_n of_o some_o thing_n further_o appertain_v to_o the_o trade_n of_o britain_n and_o so_o launch_v into_o the_o ocean_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o world_n especial_o such_o as_o be_v trade_v to_o by_o the_o english_a what_o more_o remain_v be_v a_o account_n of_o such_o commodity_n of_o english-growth_n and_o manufacture_n as_o be_v export_v be_v staple_n commodity_n and_o the_o common_a cargo_fw-mi of_o outward_a bind_v vessel_n chap._n xi_o a_o further_a account_n of_o the_o measure_n of_o england_n with_o a_o true_a proportion_n of_o the_o weight_n of_o english_a clothes_n first_o for_o the_o breadth_n measure_n and_o weight_n of_o english-cloath_n that_o chief_a of_o staple-commodity_n kent_n york_z and_o redding_n clothes_n be_v six_o quarter_n and_o a_o half_a broad_a and_o aught_o to_o weigh_v eighty_o six_o pound_n the_o cloth_n in_o the_o piece_v be_v in_o length_n thirty_o and_o thirty_o four_o yard_n suffolk_z norfolk_z and_o essex_z clothes_n of_o seven_o quarter_n wide_a be_v eighty_o pound_n weight_n twenty_o nine_o and_o thirty_o two_o yard_n in_o length_n worcester_z coventry_n
for_o its_o chief_a city_n champechio_n this_o province_n yield_v wood_n for_o die_v rich_a colour_n and_o likewise_o store_n of_o deer_n and_o cattle_n almost_o like_o elks._n florida_n be_v discover_v by_o sebastian_n cabot_n anno_fw-la 1467._o which_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o spaniard_n with_o who_o the_o french_a make_v war_n till_o they_o consume_v each_o other_o people_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o it_o be_v abandon_v by_o either_o nation_n but_o since_o repeopled_a by_o the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v build_v there_o several_a strong_a fort_n the_o commodity_n be_v gold_n over_o some_o vein_n of_o silver_n some_o spice_n and_o wood_n of_o value_n and_o thus_o much_o of_o those_o province_n the_o spaniard_n possess_v now_o i_o shall_v come_v to_o treat_v of_o virginia_n and_o new-england_n possess_v by_o the_o english_a chap._n xiii_o a_o view_n of_o virginia_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n manner_n custom_n and_o government_n thereof_o and_o of_o the_o commodity_n of_o that_o colony_n virginia_n be_v discover_v by_o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n anno_fw-la 1584._o have_v its_o name_n from_o our_o virgin_n queen_n it_o lie_v in_o height_n thirty_o five_o degree_n north_n latitude_n and_o extend_v to_o thirty_o eight_o and_o a_o half_a be_v plant_v by_o the_o english_a only_o from_o 37_o to_o 34_o degree_n under_o the_o protection_n and_o supreme_a authority_n of_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n &_o have_v the_o bay_n of_o roanoake_n and_o cape_n florida_n to_o the_o southward_n and_o mary-land_n to_o the_o northward_o the_o main_a entrance_n out_o of_o virginia_n into_o the_o sea_n be_v about_o 10_o league_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o navigable_a river_n store_v with_o fish_n and_o some_o of_o they_o abound_v with_o oyster_n crab_n and_o sturgeon_n many_o of_o the_o river_n be_v 7_o 8_o 9_o or_o 10_o mile_n over_o run_v 140_o and_o 150_o mile_n up_o in_o the_o country_n so_o that_o ship_n anchor_n with_o great_a security_n no_o trade_n be_v permit_v but_o with_o england_n so_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o any_o vessel_n arrive_v the_o master_n or_o captain_n resort_v to_o the_o governor_n to_o give_v he_o a_o account_n from_o whence_o he_o come_v his_o residence_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n at_o jame_n city_n lie_v 40_o mile_n up_o jame_n river_n and_o round_o about_o the_o english_a colony_n the_o indian_n inhabit_v who_o treachery_n prove_v too_o often_o fatal_a to_o our_o countryman_n as_o the_o several_a massacree_n they_o have_v make_v can_v testify_v their_o court_n of_o judicature_n chief_o consist_v of_o 4_o quarterly_a court_n the_o governor_n and_o his_o council_n be_v judge_n to_o try_v and_o determine_v as_o well_o in_o matter_n criminal_a as_o suit_n between_o man_n and_o man_n and_o every_o year_n once_o a_o assembly_n meet_v in_o imitation_n of_o our_o parliament_n to_o settle_v weighty_a affair_n their_o law_n be_v the_o same_o with_o we_o as_o likewise_o what_o money_n they_o have_v be_v of_o english_a coyn._n the_o soil_n be_v everywhere_o fertile_a and_o the_o wood_n abound_v with_o oak_n of_o divers_a sort_n black_a walnut_n chess-nut_n ash_n pine_n day-wood_n cedar_n saxafras_n mulbury_n small-nut_n wild_a grape_n and_o the_o like_a the_o wether_n be_v much_o like_o we_o only_o in_o the_o summer_n continue_v a_o month_n long_o hot_a and_o be_v trouble_v with_o flash_n of_o lightning_n dismal_a clap_n of_o thunder_n and_o now_o and_o then_o a_o hurricane_a the_o day_n be_v about_o a_o hour_n and_o a_o half_o short_a in_o summer_n and_o so_o much_o long_o in_o winter_n all_o sort_n of_o english_a fruit_n and_o cattle_n thrive_v there_o and_o their_o chief_a commodity_n among_o themselves_o be_v horse_n ox_n sheep_n hog_n turkey_n goose_n &_o duck_n corn_n of_o which_o they_o have_v store_n and_o their_o wood_n abound_v with_o hair_n roacoon_n possum_n squirrel_n wild-cat_n fox_n bear_n wolf_n elk_n and_o in_o remote_a part_n some_o lion_n be_v find_v their_o corn_n call_v indian_a corn_n or_o maiz_n they_o buy_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o barrel_n which_o barrel_n contain_v 5_o bushel_n winchester_n measure_v and_o the_o indian_n sell_v their_o corn_n pease_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n among_o themselves_o by_o the_o basket_n each_o basket_n contain_v half_o a_o bushel_n the_o chief_a commodity_n they_o trade_n with_o our_o merchant_n for_o except_o tobacco_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v anon_o be_v hide_n otter_n beaver_n muskats_n bear_v dear-skin_n saxafras_n black-walnut-tree-plank_n etc._n etc._n with_o they_o and_o tobacco_n 40_o or_o 50_o ship_n be_v yearly_o load_v no_o custom_n be_v lay_v upon_o any_o thing_n import_v or_o export_v but_o in_o england_n they_o pay_v five_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o all_o they_o carry_v over_o and_o 2_o penny_n per_fw-la pound_n for_o every_o pound_n of_o tobacco_n bring_v from_o thence_o and_o so_o proportionable_o for_o other_o good_n the_o commodity_n carry_v from_o england_n thither_o be_v linen_n and_o woollen-cloth_n nails_o iron_n wrought_v into_o tool_n soap_n starch_n gunpowder_n shot_n wine_n strong-water_n brandy_n sugar_n spice_n and_o the_o like_a and_o when_o any_o one_o come_v over_o with_o servant_n to_o inhabit_v as_o a_o planter_n he_o have_v 50_o acre_n of_o land_n allot_v he_o to_o manure_v even_o where_o he_o will_v choose_v unless_o in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v before_o in_o possession_n and_o for_o that_o parcel_n of_o land_n he_o pay_v 12_o penny_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la quit_v rent_n the_o manner_n of_o plant_v and_o bring_v to_o perfection_n their_o tobacco_n account_v by_o they_o the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o the_o colony_n be_v thus_o in_o january_n they_o sow_v the_o seed_n which_o be_v small_a than_o mustardseed_n and_o when_o it_o come_v up_o they_o take_v up_o the_o plant_n and_o place_v they_o upon_o little_a hill_n which_o be_v usual_o do_v in_o may_n 4_o or_o 5000._o hill_n be_v contain_v in_o one_o acre_n every_o hill_n contain_v a_o plant_n the_o which_o when_o it_o be_v about_o 2_o foot_n high_a they_o crop_v to_o give_v more_o nourishment_n to_o the_o leave_n which_o leave_n be_v a_o foot_n or_o two_o foot_n long_o and_o some_o a_o foot_n broad_a and_o when_o they_o be_v at_o the_o bige_v they_o cut_v they_o up_o stalk_v and_o all_o and_o hang_v they_o up_o in_o sheads_n to_o dry_a which_o do_v they_o strip_v they_o from_o the_o stalk_n and_o so_o bind_v they_o up_o in_o handful_n for_o pack_v in_o cask_n or_o make_v they_o up_o in_o roll_n a_o acre_n of_o good_a ground_n be_v reckon_v to_o bear_v 1500_o weight_n of_o tobacco_n not_o less_o than_o 17000._o hogshead_n be_v reckon_v to_o be_v ship_v yearly_o for_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n their_o servant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n consist_v of_o negro_n which_o they_o buy_v of_o the_o merchant_n that_o bring_v they_o thither_o chap._n fourteen_o a_o view_n of_o new-england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o new-england_n have_v for_o its_o chief_a town_n or_o city_n boston_n where_o all_o their_o trade_n centre_n especial_o that_o which_o accrue_v by_o navigation_n a_o place_n which_o contain_v about_o 1500_o house_n build_v of_o brick_n and_o timber_n in_o it_o be_v a_o state_n house_n and_o congregational_a meeting-house_n the_o inhabitant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v presbyterian_o and_o independent_n and_o be_v supply_v with_o great_a quantity_n of_o fish_n from_o marblehead_n and_o other_o place_n as_o for_o fowl_n they_o trade_n with_o the_o indian_n as_o likewise_o for_o muscat_n beaver_n otter_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o they_o deliver_v they_o strong-water_n shagged-cloath_n bead_n looking-glass_n and_o the_o like_a and_o thither_o likewise_o be_v bring_v provision_n from_o st._n martin_n long_a island_n road_n island_n shelter_n island_n and_o other_o place_n they_o all_o be_v little_a spot_n stand_v in_o the_o sea_n and_o have_v their_o trade_n chief_o consist_v in_o provision_n the_o chief_a road_n for_o the_o safe_a ride_v of_o ship_n be_v boston_n charlestown_n salem_n and_o pascataqua_n a_o mint_n they_o have_v in_o which_o they_o coin_n english_a money_n as_o 12_o penny_n 6_o penny_n 3_o penny_n and_o small_a piece_n both_o silver_n and_o tinn_n the_o reason_n of_o set_v it_o up_o be_v upon_o the_o spread_a of_o many_o adulterate_a piece_n of_o eight_o among_o they_o bring_v from_o peru_n but_o notwithstanding_o the_o english_a coin_n mexico_n and_o sevil_n royal_n go_v currant_n at_o a_o crown_n apiece_o their_o account_n be_v keep_v after_o the_o italian_a fashion_n by_o such_o as_o understand_v the_o way_n and_o those_o that_o do_v not_o keep_v they_o as_o in_o old_a england_n their_o weight_n be_v averdupois_n and_o troy_n the_o former_a consist_v of_o 16_o ounce_n the_o pound_n and_o the_o latter_a of_o twelve_o their_o hundred_o averdupois_n be_v 112_o pound_n and_o by_o that_o they_o
river_n tay_n which_o on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o it_o flow_v like_o a_o large_a sea_n when_o on_o the_o south_n the_o river_n amster_n run_v through_o 3_o lake_n enter_v its_o street_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o river_n tay_n aforesaid_a and_o by_o the_o addition_n or_o a_o new_a city_n to_o the_o old_a it_o be_v become_v commodious_a and_o strong_a and_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o river_n pass_v through_o all_o land-carriage_n be_v save_v the_o boat_n in_o the_o 5_o principal_a street_n come_v up_o to_o the_o door_n especial_o where_o the_o merchant_n warehouse_n be_v the_o inhabitant_n be_v general_o prompt_a to_o navigation_n and_o have_v so_o improve_v themselves_o thereby_o that_o most_o of_o the_o citizen_n be_v merchant_n and_o have_v vessel_n of_o their_o own_o or_o venture_v in_o other_o vessel_n whole_o rely_v â—pon_o the_o advantage_n that_o accrue_v by_o trading_n in_o foreign_a country_n as_o want_v land_n to_o improve_v their_o stock_n at_o home_n so_o that_o of_o late_o it_o have_v be_v observe_v they_o put_v out_o their_o money_n to_o interest_n in_o england_n and_o france_n to_o more_o considerable_a interest_n than_o it_o will_v allow_v in_o their_o own_o country_n 4_o or_o 5_o per_fw-la cent_n be_v great_a interest_n there_o which_o be_v so_o order_v that_o by_o such_o mean_n people_n may_v be_v the_o willing_a to_o venture_v in_o way_n of_o trade_n by_o merchandise_n which_o return_v they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n 50._o per_fw-la cent_n and_o all_o charge_n pay_v the_o commodity_n find_v in_o amsterdam_n as_o silk_n cloth_n woollen_a and_o linen_n stuff_n drug_n of_o all_o sort_n spice_n die_v oil_n alum_n brimstone_n gold_n and_o silver-thread_n wine_n and_o indeed_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n that_o be_v find_v of_o any_o use_n in_o the_o know_a world_n but_o the_o chief_a commodity_n that_o the_o country_n afford_v which_o may_v proper_o be_v call_v the_o growth_n or_o manufacture_n be_v cattle_n butter_n cheese_n flax_n corn_n linen_n cloth_n coarse_a woollen_a clothes_n tapestry_n picture_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o fish_n but_o especial_o herring_n of_o which_o they_o make_v a_o extraordinary_a advantage_n employ_v in_o the_o season_n for_o that_o fishery_n 6000_o person_n the_o weight_n common_o use_v in_o amsterdam_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o make_v 107_o of_o antwerp_n and_o of_o london_n 110._o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 134_o of_o which_o make_v 100_o yard_n of_o london_n or_o 100_o london_n ell_n make_v 167_o 1_o â—_o ell_n of_o amsterdam_n their_o concave_a measure_n be_v for_o corn_n the_o last_o the_o barrel_n the_o muyden_n the_o sack_n the_o archeteling_n and_o the_o sheple_n as_o thus_o 24_o barrel_n make_v the_o last_o each_o barrel_n contain_v 1_o 1_o â—2_n muyden_n a_o muyden_n contain_v 1_o 2_o 24_o sack_n each_o sack_n be_v 3_o archeteling_n or_o 3_o 21_o 29_o shepel_v 108_o shepel_v make_v the_o last_o the_o measure_n for_o wine_n oil_n beer_n and_o other_o liquid_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o england_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o the_o coin_n in_o which_o the_o account_n be_v keep_v be_v the_o same_o with_o antwerp_n viz._n liver_n sold_n and_o denier_n the_o liver_n or_o pound_n flemish_n be_v 12_o shilling_n sterling_a 6_o florin_n make_v the_o flemish_a pound_n at_o 20_o stivers_n per_fw-la florin_n so_o that_o 120_o stivers_n be_v the_o flemish_a pound_n or_o 12_o shilling_n english_a 5_o stivers_n be_v 6_o penny_n sterling_a or_o 5_o sold_v turnois_n a_o gross_a be_v 6_o denier_n a_o carolus_n gulden_n be_v 20_o stivers_n or_o 2_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o 2_o sol_n turnois_n and_o beside_o these_o all_o the_o currant_n coin_n of_o europe_n pass_v here_o according_a to_o their_o true_a value_n as_o they_o again_o may_v be_v pay_v for_o merchandise_n to_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o country_n to_o which_o they_o be_v proper_a and_o thus_o much_o for_o antwerp_n and_o amsterdam_n as_o also_o for_o all_o the_o province_n and_o city_n of_o the_o netherlands_o the_o trade_n of_o which_o be_v include_v in_o what_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o i_o shall_v pass_v into_o germany_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o that_o large_a empire_n the_o trade_n of_o which_o i_o reduce_v into_o a_o few_o head_n or_o deliver_v it_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o principal_a city_n chap._n lxxx_o a_o view_n of_o germany_n its_o province_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o have_v thus_o far_o proceed_v as_o i_o hope_v to_o the_o content_a of_o the_o reader_n i_o shall_v survey_v the_o empire_n of_o germany_n which_o be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o denmark_n and_o the_o danish_a sea_n on_o the_o east_n with_o prusia_n poland_n and_o hungary_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o alps_o and_o on_o the_o west_n with_o france_n and_o belgium_n and_o abound_v in_o silver_n mine_n copper_n lead_v tinn_n iron_n corn_n wine_n alum_n quicksilver_n linen_n woollen_a silk_n stuff_n cattle_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n all_o of_o its_o own_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n the_o city_n and_o town_n of_o the_o empire_n may_v by_o good_a right_o be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o first_o the_o hans-town_n which_o enjoy_v large_a privilege_n and_o immunity_n and_o be_v compute_v to_o be_v about_o 70_o which_o for_o the_o most_o par_fw-fr be_v accommodate_v with_o navigable_a river_n and_o abound_v in_o rich_a manufacture_n second_o those_o call_v the_o imperial_a city_n which_o be_v impute_v free_a city_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a privilege_n above_o the_o rest_n in_o coin_v money_n bar_v any_o acknowledgement_n of_o subjection_n unless_o to_o the_o emperor_n who_o they_o only_o do_v acknowledge_v for_o their_o protector_n and_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o pay_v a_o annual_a tribute_n be_v 60_o odd_a in_o number_n and_o three_o those_o that_o be_v under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o electoral_a prince_n which_o be_v common_o call_v principality_n the_o river_n by_o which_o these_o town_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v enrich_v be_v 4_o viz._n the_o danube_n which_o running_n 1500_o miles_n receive_v about_o 58_o navigable_a river_n and_o at_o last_o disimbogue_n itself_o into_o the_o euzine_n or_o black-sea_n the_o river_n rhine_n which_o after_o pass_v through_o germany_n and_o belgia_n for_o 800_o mile_n fall_v into_o the_o german_a ocean_n the_o river_n albis_n which_o be_v large_a and_o navigable_a for_o near_o 400_o mile_n and_o the_o river_n odera_fw-mi which_o pass_v 300_o mile_n through_o the_o country_n fall_v into_o the_o baltic_a sea_n there_o be_v likewise_o several_a other_o river_n of_o note_n that_o great_o contribute_v to_o the_o fertilize_a the_o country_n but_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a i_o shall_v pass_v over_o the_o rest_n unless_o the_o description_n of_o some_o city_n require_v the_o mention_v of_o they_o chap._n lxxxi_o a_o view_n of_o strasburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o strasburg_n be_v a_o imperial_a free_a city_n seat_v upon_o a_o fair_a plain_n about_o a_o furlong_n from_o the_o river_n rhine_n over_o which_o they_o have_v lay_v a_o bridge_n and_o a_o channel_n cut_v which_o convey_v ship_n and_o boat_n to_o the_o city_n which_o be_v 8_o mile_n in_o compass_n adorn_v with_o many_o stately_a building_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n a_o cathedral_n who_o steeple_n be_v for_o curious_a architect_n account_v one_o of_o the_o 7_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o generosity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n towards_o stranger_n there_o be_v great_a resort_n thither_o especial_o of_o lutheran_n calvinist_n etc._n etc._n but_o above_o all_o it_o abound_v in_o handicraft_n or_o artisan_n who_o find_v great_a encouragement_n and_o by_o their_o labour_n be_v the_o common_a stock_n improve_v though_o since_o its_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o french_a king_n they_o have_v not_o proceed_v with_o such_o alacrity_n as_o former_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o little_a assurance_n they_o have_v of_o keep_v what_o they_o acquire_v by_o their_o labour_n the_o commodity_n trade_v for_o hither_o be_v linen_n cloth_n iron_n diaper_n rhenish_a wine_n copper_n wax_n and_o hemp_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v out_o of_o england_n tinn_n lead_v and_o woollen_a cloth_n out_o of_o spain_n fruit_n wine_n oil_n salt_n and_o wool_n and_o out_o of_o italy_n silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v the_o weight_n be_v two_o viz._n the_o gross_a and_o suttle_n where_o upon_o trial_n it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o 100_o pound_n suttle_n of_o london_n have_v make_v incirca_n 70_o in_o 71_o of_o the_o gross_a of_o strasburg_n which_o gross_a weight_n be_v 16_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o the_o suttle_n but_o 12_o ounce_n by_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o all_o indian_a commodity_n be_v
the_o crown_n revenue_n beside_o the_o commodity_n vend_v here_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n fish_n cattle_n corn_n oil_n beer_n cordage_n mast_n sail_n and_o the_o like_a for_o fit_v out_o and_o revictual_v ship_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v the_o growth_n of_o england_n holland_n germany_n and_o france_n the_o money_n currant_n here_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o copenhagen_n the_o weight_n be_v as_o in_o copenhagen_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o great_a and_o shall_v 100_o the_o former_a be_v account_v 120_o pound_n to_o the_o 100_o and_o the_o latter_a 112_o pound_n be_v account_v 12_o stone_n of_o 10_o pound_n to_o the_o stone_n they_o have_v likewise_o a_o skip-pound_n of_o 32_o stone_n of_o 10_o pound_n the_o stone_n or_o 20_o lispound_n of_o 16_o mark_v pound_n be_v a_o skip-pound_n and_o 20_o time_n pound_n 16_o be_v 320_o pound_n the_o measure_n of_o the_o kingdom_n in_o general_n be_v for_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n for_o woollen_a linen_n and_o silk_n 160_o of_o which_o be_v account_v to_o make_v the_o 100_o ell_n english_a as_o for_o concave_a measure_n they_o be_v little_a in_o use_n unless_o for_o corn._n the_o trade_n of_o this_o kingdom_n by_o navigation_n be_v but_o small_a they_o seldom_o sail_v out_o of_o their_o own_o sea_n or_o at_o most_o no_o further_o than_o the_o german_a british_a and_o mediterranean_a sea_n or_o ocean_n therefore_o i_o shall_v desist_v from_o any_o further_a survey_n thereof_o and_o pass_v over_o the_o staight_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n now_o subject_a to_o the_o danish_a sceptre_n chap._n lxxxvi_o a_o view_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o norway_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o norway_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n and_o south_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o on_o the_o east_n and_o north_n with_o lappia_n and_o the_o dofrine_n mountain_n and_o abound_v in_o firr-tree_n which_o be_v bring_v into_o england_n in_o abundance_n and_o serve_v for_o mast_n board_n and_o building_n house_n the_o other_o commodity_n be_v stockfish_n fur_n train_n oil_n cordage_n some_o rossen_n and_o sail-cloath_n the_o town_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o coldness_n of_o the_o clime_n and_o dampness_n cause_v by_o the_o sea_n be_v but_o few_o the_o chief_a be_v nidrosia_n and_o bergen_n once_o a_o famous_a mart_n but_o now_o reduce_v to_o nothing_o in_o respect_n of_o trade_n the_o trade_n that_o it_o have_v have_v pass_v through_o several_a city_n be_v at_o last_o settle_v in_o amsterdam_n and_o what_o trade_n do_v remain_v be_v from_o the_o ship_n that_o pass_v this_o way_n to_o moscovia_n the_o weight_n most_o in_o use_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o of_o which_o render_v 92_o london_n averdupois_n weight_n though_o of_o late_o they_o have_v get_v a_o custom_n to_o weigh_v in_o a_o string_n which_o be_v very_o uncertain_a render_v sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o their_o measure_n of_o length_n and_o concave_a measure_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n use_v in_o measure_v of_o salt_n be_v agreeable_a to_o our_o yard_n and_o bushel_n the_o commodity_n vend_v here_o be_v bay_n sesse_n linen_n wine_n spice_n sugar_n gunpowder_n lead_v tinn_n iron_n and_o such_o like_a and_o thus_o much_o may_v suffice_v for_o norway_n leave_v which_o i_o shall_v proceed_v in_o this_o northern_a tract_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o sweedland_n the_o trade_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v reduce_v into_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n viz_o stockholm_n chap._n lxxxvii_o a_o view_n of_o sweedland_n of_o its_o province_n and_o trade_n reduce_v into_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o city_n of_o stockholm_n sweedland_n have_v on_o the_o east_n muscovia_n on_o the_o west_n the_o dofrine_n hill_n on_o the_o north_n the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n the_o baltic_a and_o contain_v 5_o province_n viz._n gothland_n sweeden_n lappia_n bodia_n and_o finland_n in_o the_o former_a of_o which_o be_v find_v stockholm_n the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o seat_v in_o a_o watery_a marsh_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o venice_n and_o be_v much_o frequent_v with_o merchant_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o regal_a seat_n so_o that_o to_o it_o flow_v all_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v chief_o buck-skin_n goats-skin_n ox_n hide_v barley_n tallow_n malt_n tar_n pitch_n rosin_n fur_n lead_v copper_n silver_n iron_n wax_n honey_n and_o the_o like_a and_o for_o its_o advantageous_a situation_n it_o be_v much_o trade_v to_o have_v a_o channel_n capable_a of_o receive_v ship_n of_o any_o burden_n and_o so_o well_o guard_v with_o castle_n of_o extraordinary_a strength_n that_o no_o ship_n can_v pass_v in_o nor_o out_o without_o lief_o first_o obtain_v the_o building_n be_v pleasant_a to_o behold_v for_o their_o antiquity_n and_o fine_a device_n a_o place_n be_v purposely_o erect_v in_o the_o principal_a street_n for_o the_o conveniency_n of_o merchant_n and_o the_o lay_v up_o such_o commodity_n as_o they_o either_o have_v to_o vend_fw-mi or_o have_v purchase_v so_o that_o in_o this_o city_n be_v find_v the_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n of_o almost_o all_o nation_n the_o currant_n coin_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o dollar_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o 8_o mark_n and_o each_o mark_n into_o 2_o clipping_n each_o clip_v be_v account_v 9_o ½_o stivers_n flemish_n and_o in_o exchange_v the_o dollar_n be_v only_o use_v the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n 116_o of_o which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v the_o 100_o pound_n of_o london_n they_o have_v likewise_o 2_o skip-pound_n the_o one_o the_o proper_a skip-pound_n of_o stockholm_n which_o be_v 320_o pound_n of_o the_o before_o mention_v pound_n the_o other_o be_v 340_o pound_n and_o proper_a to_o dantzick_n of_o which_o in_o order_n i_o shall_v come_v to_o treat_v the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 166_o of_o which_o be_v 100_o yard_n of_o london_n measure_n sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o for_o this_o be_v the_o rule_n they_o take_v a_o piece_n of_o rope_n and_o measure_v it_o by_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o man_n head_n which_o they_o call_v their_o ell_n so_o that_o according_a to_o the_o largeness_n or_o smallness_n of_o the_o head_n by_o which_o they_o take_v their_o measure_n the_o measure_n be_v find_v to_o consist_v their_o concave_a measure_n be_v of_o little_a use_n unless_o for_o corn_n and_o malt_n and_o those_o be_v measure_v by_o a_o loop_n 23_o of_o which_o make_v a_o last_o in_o amsterdam_n and_o in_o london_n 10_o quarter_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o sweeden_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n lxxxviii_o a_o view_n of_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o reduce_v into_o the_o trade_n of_o moscow_n the_o principal_a city_n of_o that_o large_a dominion_n moscovia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o lituania_n and_o livonia_n on_o the_o east_n with_o tartary_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o ottoman_a empire_n and_o palus_n maeotis_n and_o be_v branch_v with_o many_o large_a and_o navigable_a river_n as_o tanais_n duino_n boristhenes_n onega_n and_o volga_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o 9_o province_n as_o novogradia_n valadomira_n plescovia_n rhesen_n servia_n parmia_n candoria_n petrosa_n and_o moscovia_n from_o whence_o all_o the_o country_n take_v its_o name_n these_o province_n abound_v in_o corn_n cattle_n fur_n hide_n flax_n hemp_n whale_n grease_n canvas_n rope_n cavier_n tallow_n honey_n wax_n venison_n flax_n hemp_n and_o fish_n the_o trade_n be_v begin_v by_o the_o english_a about_o the_o year_n 1575._o in_o general_a though_o before_o some_o vessel_n of_o private_a merchant_n have_v trade_v thither_o and_o find_v out_o the_o commodity_n since_o so_o much_o seek_v after_o and_o upon_o the_o increase_n of_o trade_n in_o these_o part_n a_o society_n of_o merchant_n in_o london_n be_v incorporate_v by_o the_o name_n of_o muscovia_n merchant_n have_v settle_v a_o factory_a at_o archangel_n moscow_n the_o metropolis_n of_o moscovia_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o river_n mosca_n which_o fall_v in_o to_o tanais_n this_o city_n be_v reckon_v 6_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o imperial_a seat_n be_v much_o beautify_v since_o it_o be_v burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n upon_o their_o invade_v the_o moscovite_n empire_n and_o here_o the_o english_a merchant_n find_v kind_a entertainment_n unless_o in_o troublesome_a time_n as_o of_o late_o it_o happen_v upon_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o czar_n in_o which_o general_a calamity_n many_o suffer_v in_o their_o good_n but_o now_o thing_n be_v again_o reduce_v to_o a_o quiet_a and_o settle_a condition_n so_o that_o trade_n again_o begin_v to_o flourish_n the_o country_n afford_v great_a store_n of_o fur_n as_o beaver_n otter_n sables_n white_n black_a red_a and_o
be_v needful_a in_o answer_n unto_o you_o of_o the_o four_o of_o the_o same_o month_n this_o serve_v chief_o to_o desire_v you_o to_o furnish_v and_o pay_v unto_o mr._n w._n b._n english_a gentleman_n to_o the_o value_n of_o 3000_o crown_n at_o one_o or_o more_o time_n according_a as_o he_o shall_v have_v occasion_n or_o desire_v the_o same_o of_o you_o take_v his_o receipt_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o the_o money_n which_o you_o shall_v so_o furnish_v he_o with_o and_o put_v it_o to_o my_o account_n and_o this_o my_o letter_n of_o credit_n shall_v be_v your_o sufficient_a warrant_n for_o so_o do_v vale._n to_o mr._n charles_n g._n merchant_n at_o lion_n you_o timothy_n l._n and_o thus_o i_o shall_v conclude_v my_o discourse_n of_o exchange_n only_o by_o the_o way_n note_v there_o be_v in_o use_v the_o old_a style_n and_o new_a style_n the_o former_a be_v only_o practise_v or_o hold_v in_o england_n and_o other_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n dominion_n in_o hamburg_n strasbourg_n and_o some_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n and_o the_o latter_a in_o all_o other_o part_n of_o christendom_n chap._n cxii_o a_o survey_n of_o the_o custom_n common_o call_v tonnage_n upon_o wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o france_n germany_n spain_n portugal_n etc._n etc._n also_o upon_o beer_n perry_n cider_n vinegar_n rape_n etc._n etc._n together_o with_o the_o nature_n of_o such_o custom_n or_o tonnage_n declare_v where_o they_o be_v due_a and_o where_o not_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o nation_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 1660_o have_v take_v into_o their_o consideration_n the_o condition_n of_o merchant_n trade_n into_o foreign_a part_n that_o they_o be_v frequent_o robe_v and_o spoil_v by_o pirate_n and_o picaroon_n and_o ship_n of_o war_n of_o divers_a nation_n under_o pretence_n of_o letter_n of_o reprisal_n they_o the_o better_a to_o prevent_v such_o outrage_n think_v it_o convenient_a to_o grant_v his_o majesty_n a_o subsidy_n of_o tonnage_n and_o poundage_n payable_a upon_o all_o merchandise_n import_v or_o export_v unless_o herring_n and_o some_o other_o fish_n therein_o except_v the_o better_a to_o enable_v his_o majesty_n to_o maintain_v at_o sea_n several_a ship_n of_o war_n for_o the_o secure_n and_o convoy_v merchant_n ship_n to_o and_o from_o the_o divers_a port_n and_o place_n whither_o they_o be_v bind_v or_o have_v any_o commerce_n and_o to_o over-awe_n and_o keep_v under_o such_o pirate_n and_o other_o as_o will_v otherwise_o grow_v numerous_a and_o obstruct_v all_o naval_a commerce_n the_o principal_a commodity_n pay_v tonnage_n and_o poundage_n common_o call_v custom_n i_o shall_v here_o recite_v and_o for_o the_o rest_n refer_v the_o reader_n to_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n rate_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o approbation_n of_o most_o of_o the_o eminent_a merchant_n of_o england_n and_o since_o publish_v and_o confirm_v by_o parliament_n as_o for_o tonnage_n every_o tun_n of_o wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o french_a king_n or_o crowâ—_n of_o france_n that_o shall_v come_v into_o the_o port_n of_o london_n or_o the_o member_n thereof_o by_o way_n of_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a good_n of_o a_o natural_a bear_a subject_n pay_v eight_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n the_o tun_n or_o be_v the_o proper_a good_n of_o a_o alien_a or_o stranger_n it_o pay_v 10_o pound_n and_o so_o lesser_a or_o great_a quantity_n proportionable_o but_o into_o any_o other_o port_n of_o england_n the_o native_a pay_v 20_o shilling_n less_o and_o the_o stranger_n the_o like_a per_fw-mi tun._n muscadel_n malmasy_n cute_v tent_n alican_n bastard_n sack_n canary_n mallagoe_n maderoe_n and_o other_o wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o levant_n spain_n or_o portugal_n or_o any_o of_o the_o island_n or_o dominion_n belong_v to_o they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o which_o shall_v be_v bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o london_n as_o merchandise_n etc._n etc._n by_o a_o native_a shall_v pay_v the_o sum_n of_o 7_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n the_o tun_n a_o stranger_n nine_o pound_n and_o into_o any_o other_o of_o his_o majesty_n port_n 20_o shilling_n less_o the_o pipe_n or_o butt_n by_o either_o native_a or_o alien_a for_o rhenish_a wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o germany_n also_o note_v that_o always_o the_o stranger_n pay_v 30_o shilling_n in_o the_o tun_n more_o than_o the_o native_a be_v to_o pay_v the_o ancient_a duty_n of_o butlerage_n which_o be_v 2_o shilling_n in_o the_o tun_n and_o in_o these_o duty_n or_o custom_n be_v include_v the_o duty_n former_o of_o 20_o shilling_n per_fw-la tun_n upon_o all_o wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o levant_n by_o stranger_n know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o southampton_n duty_n for_o which_o sort_n of_o wine_n the_o stranger_n be_v to_o pay_v to_o the_o use_n of_o the_o town_n of_o southampton_n 10_o shilling_n for_o every_o butt_n or_o pipe_n as_o for_o prize_n wine_n they_o pay_v no_o custom_n note_v that_o if_o any_o wine_n be_v import_v and_o within_o a_o twelve_o month_n export_v they_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o pay_v the_o additional_a duty_n or_o if_o it_o be_v pay_v it_o be_v to_o be_v return_v viz._n 4_o pound_n every_o tun_n of_o french_a wine_n and_o every_o tun_n of_o wine_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o germany_n or_o madera_n 3_o pound_n bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o london_n as_o in_o statute_n 12_o of_o car._n 2_o it_o more_o at_o large_a appear_v and_o all_o such_o wine_n as_o be_v land_a at_o any_o of_o the_o out-port_n and_o afterward_o bring_v into_o the_o port_n of_o london_n by_o a_o certificate_n shall_v pay_v so_o much_o more_o custom_n as_o be_v pay_v short_a of_o the_o duty_n in_o the_o port_n of_o london_n for_o every_o tun_n of_o beer_n to_o be_v export_v in_o ship_n english_a build_v must_v be_v pay_v 2_o shilling_n and_o for_o every_o tun_n export_v in_o any_o other_o ship_n 6_o shilling_n if_o at_o any_o time_n there_o shall_v chance_v good_n to_o be_v export_v or_o import_v not_o mention_v in_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n agree_v on_o by_o the_o commons_o entitle_v the_o rate_n of_o merchandise_n and_o that_o by_o such_o omission_n there_o be_v no_o set_a value_n on_o they_o than_o it_o shall_v be_v lawful_a for_o the_o customer_n in_o be_v to_o levy_v twelve_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n upon_o such_o good_n according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n which_o value_n be_v to_o be_v give_v by_o the_o merchant_n or_o owner_n upon_o oath_n before_o the_o customer_n collector_n comptroller_n surveyer_n or_o any_o two_o of_o they_o if_o vinegar_n perry_n rape_n cider_n or_o cider-eag_a be_v import_v by_o a_o native_a from_o foreign_a part_n he_o pay_v 6_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n the_o tun_n but_o by_o a_o alien_n only_o 6_o pound_n but_o if_o they_o shall_v again_o export_v any_o such_o liquid_n than_o 3_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n the_o tun_n shall_v be_v repay_v to_o the_o native_a and_o 4_o pound_n 15_o shilling_n to_o the_o alien_n there_o be_v likewise_o impose_v on_o wine_n vineager_n cider_n and_o beer_n 10_o shilling_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o on_o brandy_n and_o strong-water_n 20_o shilling_n per_fw-la tun._n for_o coynage-duty_n and_o the_o money_n that_o arise_v by_o this_o duty_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o customhouse_n to_o the_o collector_n and_o other_o officer_n to_o be_v by_o they_o keep_v apart_o from_o other_o money_n and_o pay_v quarterly_o into_o the_o exchequer_n without_o salary_n or_o fee_n and_o if_o neglect_v be_v make_v in_o the_o payment_n of_o this_o duty_n the_o good_n be_v forfeitable_a but_o note_v if_o that_o within_o a_o twelvemonth_n they_o be_v transport_v than_o the_o money_n so_o pay_v be_v to_o be_v return_v according_a to_o statute_n the_o 18_o of_o car._n 2._o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o excise_n or_o impost_n upon_o foreign_a liquor_n import_v viz._n upon_o beer_n or_o ale_n six_o shilling_n the_o barrel_n cider_n or_o perry_n the_o tun_n 10_o shilling_n brandy_n or_o strong-water_n perfect_o make_v 8_o penny_n the_o gallon_n and_o by_o the_o 15_o of_o car._n 2_o if_o any_o of_o these_o good_n be_v land_a before_o these_o duty_n be_v pay_v warrant_v sign_v and_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o the_o officer_n they_o be_v forfeitable_a and_o thus_o much_o for_o tonnage_n the_o next_o thing_n then_o that_o i_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o be_v poundage_n chap._n cxiii_o a_o survey_n of_o the_o custom_n common_o call_v poundage_n according_a to_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n and_o such_o other_o custom_n and_o privilege_n as_o be_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o merchant_n poundage_n be_v a_o custom_n establish_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o the_o 12_o of_o his_o now_o majesty_n whereby_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n call_v the_o rate_n of_o merchandise_n be_v approve_v and_o confirm_v that_o be_v a_o subsidy_n grant_v to_o his_o majesty_n of_o
per_fw-la annum_fw-la 2,000,000_o pound_n than_o all_o the_o province_n together_o must_v pay_v about_o 3_o million_o less_o than_o which_o sum_v per_fw-la annum_fw-la perhaps_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o have_v maintain_v the_o naval_a war_n with_o england_n 72_o thousand_o land_n force_n beside_o all_o other_o the_o ordinary_a charge_n of_o their_o government_n whereof_o the_o church_n be_v there_o a_o part_n to_o conclude_v it_o seem_v from_o the_o premise_n that_o all_o france_n do_v not_o raise_v above_o thrice_o as_o much_o from_o the_o public_a charge_n as_o holland_n and_o zealand_n alone_o do_v 5thly_a interest_n of_o money_n in_o france_n 7_o pound_n per_fw-la centum_fw-la but_o in_o holland_n scarce_o half_a so_o much_o 6thly_a the_o country_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n consist_v as_o it_o be_v of_o island_n guard_v with_o the_o sea_n ship_n and_o marsh_n be_v defensible_a at_o ¼_n the_o charge_n of_o a_o plain_a open_a country_n be_v and_o where_o the_o seat_n of_o war_n may_v be_v both_o winter_n and_o summer_n whereas_o in_o other_o nothing_o can_v be_v do_v but_o in_o the_o summer_n only_o 7thly_a but_o above_o all_o the_o particular_n hitherto_o consider_v that_o of_o superlucration_n ought_v chief_o to_o be_v take_v in_o for_o if_o a_o prince_n have_v never_o so_o many_o subject_n and_o his_o country_n never_o so_o good_a yet_o if_o either_o through_o sloth_n or_o extravagant_a expense_n or_o oppression_n and_o injustice_n what_o ever_o be_v gain_v shall_v be_v spend_v as_o fast_o as_o get_v the_o state_n must_v be_v account_v poor_a wherefore_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v how_o much_o or_o how_o many_o time_n rather_o holland_n and_o zealand_n be_v now_o above_o what_o they_o be_v 100_o year_n ago_o which_o we_o must_v also_o do_v of_o france_n now_o if_o france_n have_v scarce_o double_v its_o wealth_n and_o power_n and_o that_o the_o other_o have_v decuple_v they_o i_o shall_v give_v the_o preference_n to_o the_o latter_a even_o although_o the_o 9_o increase_v by_o the_o one_o shall_v not_o exceed_v the_o one_o half_o gain_v by_o the_o other_o because_o one_o have_v a_o store_n for_o 9_o year_n and_o the_o other_o but_o for_o 1._o to_o conclude_v upon_o the_o whole_a that_o though_o france_n be_v people_v to_o holland_n and_o zealand_n as_o 13_o to_o 1_o and_o in_o quantity_n of_o good_a land_n as_o 80_o to_o 1_o yet_o be_v not_o 13_o time_n rich_a and_o strong_a much_o less_o 80_o time_n nor_o much_o above_o thrice_o which_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v have_v thus_o dispatch_v the_o two_o first_o branch_n of_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n it_o follow_v to_o show_v that_o this_o difference_n of_o improvement_n in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n arise_v in_o particular_a from_o conveniency_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n many_o write_n on_o this_o subject_n do_v so_o magnify_v the_o hollander_n as_o if_o they_o be_v more_o and_o all_o other_o nation_n less_o than_o man_n as_o to_o the_o matter_n of_o trade_n and_o policy_n make_v they_o angel_n and_o other_o fool_n brute_n and_o sot_n as_o to_o those_o particular_n whereas_o i_o take_v the_o foundation_n of_o their_o achievement_n to_o lie_v original_o in_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n whereby_o they_o do_v thing_n inimitable_a to_o other_o and_o have_v advantage_n whereof_o other_o be_v incapable_a first_o the_o soil_n of_o holland_n and_o zealand_n be_v low_a land_n rich_a and_o fertile_a whereby_o it_o be_v able_a to_o feed_v many_o man_n and_o so_o as_o that_o man_n may_v live_v near_o each_o other_o for_o their_o mutual_a assistance_n in_o trade_n i_o say_v that_o 1000_o acre_n that_o can_v feed_v 1000_o soul_n be_v better_a than_o 10000_o of_o no_o more_o effect_n for_o the_o follow_a reason_n to_o it_o viz._n first_o suppose_v some_o great_a fabric_n be_v in_o building_n by_o 1000_o man_n shall_v not_o much_o more_o time_n be_v spare_v if_o that_o they_o live_v all_o upon_o 1000_o acre_n then_o if_o they_o be_v force_v to_o live_v upon_o 10_o time_n as_o large_a a_o scope_n of_o land_n 2_o the_o charge_n of_o their_o care_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o the_o ministry_n will_v be_v far_o great_a in_o the_o one_o case_n then_o the_o other_o as_o also_o of_o mutual_a defence_n in_o case_n of_o invasion_n and_o even_o of_o thief_n and_o robber_n moreover_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o justice_n will_v be_v much_o easy_a where_o witness_n and_o party_n may_v be_v easy_o summon_v attendance_n less_o expensive_a when_o man_n action_n will_v be_v better_o know_v when_o wrong_a and_o justice_n will_v not_o be_v cover_v as_o in_o thin-peopled_n place_n they_o be_v last_o those_o who_o live_v in_o solitary_a place_n must_v be_v their_o own_o soldier_n divine_n physician_n and_o lawyer_n and_o must_v have_v their_o house_n store_v with_o necessary_a provision_n like_o a_o ship_n go_v upon_o a_o long_a voyage_n to_o the_o great_a waist_n and_o needless_a expense_n of_o such_o provision_n the_o value_n of_o this_o first_o conveniency_n to_o the_o dutch_a i_o reckon_v to_o be_v about_o 100_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la 2_o holland_n be_v a_o level_a country_n so_o as_o if_o in_o any_o part_n thereof_o a_o windmill_n may_v be_v set_v up_o and_o by_o its_o be_v moist_a and_o vaporous_a there_o be_v always_o wind_n stir_v over_o it_o by_o which_o advantage_n the_o labour_n of_o many_o thousand_o hand_n be_v save_v forasmuch_o as_o a_o mill_n make_v by_o one_o man_n in_o half_a a_o year_n will_v do_v as_o much_o labour_n as_o 4_o man_n for_o 5_o year_n together_o this_o advantage_n be_v great_a or_o less_o where_o employment_n and_o ease_n of_o labour_n be_v so_o but_o in_o holland_n it_o be_v eminent_o great_a and_o the_o worth_n of_o this_o conveniency_n between_o near_a 100_o and_o 150_o thousand_o pound_n 3_o there_o be_v much_o more_o to_o be_v gain_v by_o manufacture_n than_o husbandry_n and_o by_o merchandise_n than_o manufacture_n but_o holland_n and_o zealand_n be_v 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royal_a navy_n can_v be_v make_v which_o till_o it_o be_v be_v of_o no_o effectual_a use_n but_o lie_n at_o charge_n and_o we_o see_v likewise_o upon_o their_o occasion_n that_o merchant_n be_v put_v to_o great_a straits_n and_o inconvenience_n and_o do_v pay_v excise-rate_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o their_o trade_n now_o if_o 24,000_o able_a body_a tradesman_n whereby_o 6000_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la bring_v up_o and_o fit_v for_o sea-service_n and_o for_o their_o encouragement_n allow_v twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la for_o every_o year_n they_o have_v be_v at_o sea_n even_o when_o they_o stay_v at_o home_n not_o exceed_v six_o pound_n for_o those_o who_o have_v serve_v six_o year_n or_o upward_o it_o follow_v that_o about_o 72000._o pound_n at_o the_o medium_n of_o three_o pound_n per_fw-la man_n will_v so_o satiate_v the_o whole_a number_n and_o so_o forasmuch_o as_o half_o the_o seaman_n which_o manage_v the_o merchant_n trade_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v always_o in_o 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pay_v to_o themselves_o as_o we_o propound_v that_o ireland_n shall_v be_v tax_v with_o flax_n and_o england_n by_o linen_n and_o other_o manufacture_n of_o the_o same_o so_o i_o conceive_v that_o scotland_n may_v be_v tax_v as_o much_o to_o be_v pay_v in_o herring_n as_o ireland_n in_o flax._n now_o these_o three_o tax_n of_o flax_n linen_n and_o herring_n and_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o triple_a militia_n and_o of_o the_o auxiliary_a seaman_n abovementioned_a do_v all_o five_o of_o they_o together_o amount_v to_o 1,000,000_o pound_n of_o money_n the_o raise_n whereof_o be_v not_o a_o million_o spend_v but_o gain_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n unless_o it_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v that_o by_o reason_n of_o all_o or_o any_o of_o they_o the_o exportation_n of_o woollen_a manufacture_n lead_v and_o tin_n be_v lessen_v or_o of_o such_o commodity_n as_o our_o own_o east_n and_o west_n india_n trade_n do_v produce_v for_o as_o much_o as_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o exportation_n of_o 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northern_a sea_n where_o he_o have_v most_o occasion_n for_o his_o fleet_n of_o war_n in_o any_o consist_v above_o to_o receive_v the_o vessel_n abovementioned_a in_o all_o wether_n both_o in_o winter_n and_o summer_n seat_n for_o if_o the_o french_a king_n can_v bring_v to_o sea_n a_o equal_a number_n of_o fight_a man_n with_o the_o english_a or_o hollander_n in_o small_a float_v leeward_n vessel_n he_o will_v certain_o be_v of_o the_o weak_a side_n for_o a_o vessel_n of_o 1000_o tun_n mane_v with_o 500_o fight_a man_n with_o five_o vessel_n of_o 200_o tun_n each_o mane_v with_o 100_o man_n apiece_o shall_v in_o common_a reason_n have_v the_o better_a offensive_o and_o defensive_o for_o asmuch_o as_o the_o great_a ship_n can_v carry_v such_o ordnance_n as_o can_v reach_v the_o small_a one_o at_o a_o far_o great_a distance_n than_o these_o can_v reach_v or_o at_o lest_o hurt_v the_o other_o and_o can_v batrer_n and_o sink_v at_o a_o distance_n when_o a_o small_a one_o can_v scarce_o pierce_v moreover_o it_o be_v more_o difficult_a for_o man_n out_o of_o a_o small_a vessel_n to_o enter_v a_o tall_a ship_n then_o for_o man_n from_o a_o high_a place_n to_o leap_v down_o into_o a_o low_a nor_o be_v small_a shot_n so_o effectual_a upon_o a_o tall_a ship_n as_o vice_n versa_fw-la and_o as_o for_o vessel_n draw_v much_o water_n and_o consequent_o keep_v a_o good_a wind_n they_o can_v take_v or_o tear_v leeward_n vessel_n at_o pleasure_n and_o secure_v themselves_o from_o be_v board_v by_o they_o moreover_o the_o windward_n ship_n have_v a_o fair_a mark_n at_o a_o leeward_n ship_n than_o vice_n versa_fw-la and_o can_v place_v her_o shot_n upon_o such_o part_n of_o the_o leeward_n vessel_n as_o upon_o the_o next_o tack_n will_v be_v under_o water_n now_o the_o french_a king_n have_v no_o port_n able_a to_o receive_v large_a windward_n vessel_n between_o dunkirk_n and_o vshant_n what_o other_o ship_n he_o can_v bring_v into_o those_o sea_n will_v not_o be_v considerable_a as_o for_o the_o wide_a ocean_n which_o his_o harbour_n of_o breast_n and_o brovage_a do_v look_v into_o it_o afford_v he_o no_o advantage_n upon_o a_o enemy_n there_o be_v so_o great_a a_o latitude_n of_o engage_v or_o not_o even_o when_o the_o party_n be_v in_o sight_n of_o each_o otherâ—_n wherefore_o although_o the_o french_a king_n be_v immens_o rich_a and_o can_v build_v what_o ship_n he_o please_v both_o for_o number_n and_o quality_n yet_o if_o he_o have_v not_o port_n to_o receive_v and_o shelter_v that_o sort_n and_o size_n of_o ship_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o his_o purpose_n his_o riches_n will_v in_o this_o case_n be_v fruitless_a and_o a_o mere_a expense_n without_o any_o return_n or_o profit_n some_o will_v say_v that_o other_o nation_n can_v build_v so_o good_a ship_n as_o the_o english_a i_o do_v indeed_o hope_v they_o can_v but_o because_o it_o seem_v too_o possible_a that_o they_o may_v soon_o or_o late_a by_o practice_n and_o experience_n i_o shall_v not_o make_v use_n of_o that_o argument_n have_v only_o bind_v myself_o to_o show_v that_o the_o impediment_n of_o france_n as_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v natural_a and_o perpetual_a ship_n and_o gun_n do_v not_o fight_v of_o themselves_o but_o man_n who_o act_n and_o manage_v they_o wherefore_o it_o be_v more_o material_a to_o show_v that_o the_o french_a king_n neither_o have_v nor_o can_v have_v man_n sufficient_a to_o man_n a_o fleet_n of_o equal_a strength_n to_o that_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o king_n of_o england_n navy_n consist_v of_o about_o 70,000_o tun_n of_o ship_n which_o require_v 36,000_o man_n to_o man_n these_o man_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o eight_o part_n 1_o â—_o part_n must_v be_v person_n of_o great_a experience_n and_o reputation_n in_o sea-service_n another_o â…›_n part_n must_v be_v such_o as_o have_v use_v the_o sea_n seven_o year_n and_o upward_o half_o of_o they_o or_o ¼_n part_n must_v be_v such_o as_o have_v use_v the_o sea_n above_o a_o twelve_o month_n viz._n 2_o 3_o 4_o 5_o or_o six_o year_n allow_v but_o one_o quarter_n of_o the_o whole_a compliment_n to_o be_v such_o as_o never_o be_v at_o sea_n at_o all_o or_o at_o most_o but_o one_o voyage_n or_o upon_o one_o expedition_n so_o that_o at_o a_o medium_n i_o reckon_v the_o whole_a fleet_n must_v be_v man_n of_o three_o or_o four_o year_n growth_n one_o with_o another_o fournier_n a_o late_a judicious_a writer_n make_v it_o his_o business_n to_o persuade_v the_o world_n how_o considerable_a the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v or_o may_v be_v at_o sea_n in_o ninety_o two_o or_o ninety_o three_o page_n of_o his_o hierography_n say_v that_o there_o be_v one_o place_n in_o brittany_n which_o have_v furnish_v the_o king_n with_o 1400_o seaman_n and_o that_o perhaps_o the_o whole_a sea_n coast_n of_o france_n
reader_n not_o think_v his_o argument_n of_o any_o weight_n at_o all_o in_o the_o present_a case_n nor_o indeed_o do_v he_o make_v his_o comparison_n with_o english_a or_o hollander_n but_o with_o the_o spaniard_n who_o nor_o the_o grand_a senior_n the_o latter_a of_o who_o have_v great_a advantage_n to_o be_v powerful_a at_o sea_n then_o the_o french_a king_n can_v never_o attain_v to_o any_o illustrious_a greatness_n in_o naval_a power_n have_v after_o attempt_v but_o never_o succeed_v in_o the_o same_o nor_o be_v it_o easy_a to_o believe_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n shall_v for_o so_o many_o year_n have_v continue_v in_o his_o title_n to_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o narrow_a sea_n against_o his_o neighbour_n ambitious_a enough_o to_o have_v get_v it_o from_o he_o have_v not_o their_o impediment_n be_v natural_a and_o perpetual_a and_o such_o as_o we_o say_v do_v obstruct_v the_o most_o christian_n king_n chap._n iu._n that_o the_o people_n and_o territory_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v naturaly_a as_o considerable_a for_o wealth_n and_o strength_n as_o those_o of_o france_n the_o author_n of_o the_o state_n of_o england_n among_o the_o many_o useful_a truth_n and_o observation_n he_o have_v set_v down_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o territory_n of_o england_n and_o france_n to_o be_v as_o thirty_o to_o eighty_o two_o the_o which_o if_o it_o be_v true_a than_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n unto_o they_o belong_v will_v altogether_o be_v near_o as_o big_a as_o france_n though_o i_o ought_v to_o take_v all_o advantage_n for_o prove_v the_o paradox_n in_o hand_n i_o have_v rather_o grant_v that_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n before_o mention_v together_o with_o plant_v part_n of_o new_a found-land_n new_a england_n new_a netherlands_n virginia_n mary-land_n caulin_n jamaica_n barmuda_n barbadoe_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o carib_n island_n do_v not_o contain_v more_o territory_n than_o france_n and_o what_o plant_v land_n the_o french_a king_n have_v also_o in_o america_n a._n and_o if_o any_o man_n will_v be_v heterodox_n in_o behalf_n of_o the_o french_a interest_n i_o can_v be_v content_v against_o my_o judgement_n to_o allow_v the_o french_a king_n territory_n to_o be_v a_o seven_o six_o or_o five_o part_n great_a than_o those_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n believe_v that_o both_o prince_n have_v more_o land_n than_o they_o do_v employ_v to_o its_o utmost_a use_n and_o here_o i_o beg_v leave_n among_o the_o several_a matter_n i_o intend_v for_o serious_a to_o interpose_v a_o jocular_a and_o perhaps_o a_o ridiculous_a digression_n and_o which_o i_o indeed_o desire_v man_n to_o look_v upon_o rather_o as_o a_o dream_n than_o a_o rational_a proposition_n which_o be_v if_o that_o all_o the_o moveable_n and_o people_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o highland_n of_o scotland_n be_v transport_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n that_o then_o the_o king_n and_o his_o subject_n will_v thereby_o become_v more_o rich_a and_o strong_a both_o offensive_o and_o defensive_o then_o now_o they_o be_v it_o be_v true_a i_o have_v hear_v many_o wise_a man_n say_v when_o they_o be_v bewail_v the_o vast_a loss_n of_o the_o english_a in_o prevent_v and_o suppress_v rebellion_n in_o ireland_n and_o consider_v how_o little_a profit_n have_v return_v either_o to_o the_o king_n or_o subject_n of_o england_n for_o these_o five_o hundred_o year_n do_v and_o suffer_v in_o that_o country_n i_o say_v i_o have_v hear_v wise_a man_n in_o such_o their_o melancholy_n wish_v that_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n be_v save_v that_o that_o island_n be_v sink_v under_o water_n now_o it_o trouble_v i_o that_o the_o distemper_n of_o my_o mind_n in_o this_o point_n carry_v i_o to_o dream_n that_o the_o benefit_n of_o these_o wish_n may_v practical_o be_v obtain_v without_o sink_v that_o vast_a mountainous_a island_n under_o water_n which_o i_o take_v to_o be_v somewhat_o difficult_a for_o although_o dutch_a engineer_n may_v drain_v its_o bog_n yet_o i_o know_v no_o artist_n that_o can_v sink_v its_o mountain_n if_o ingenious_a and_o learned_a man_n among_o who_o i_o reckon_v sr._n thomas_n moor_n and_o des_n cartes_n have_v dispute_v that_o we_o who_o think_v ourselves_o awake_a be_v or_o may_v be_v real_o in_o a_o dream_n and_o if_o the_o great_a absurdity_n of_o dream_n be_v but_o a_o preposterous_a and_o tumultuary_a contexture_n of_o reality_n i_o will_v crave_v the_o umbrage_n of_o these_o great_a man_n to_o say_v something_o too_o of_o this_o wild_a conception_n with_o submission_n to_o the_o better_a judgement_n of_o all_o those_o that_o can_v prove_v themselves_o awake_a if_o there_o be_v but_o one_o man_n live_v in_o england_n than_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o whole_a territory_n can_v be_v but_o the_o three_o livelihood_n of_o that_o one_o man_n but_o if_o another_o man_n be_v add_v the_o rent_n or_o benefit_n of_o the_o same_o will_v be_v double_a if_o three_o triple_a and_o so_o foreward_n until_o so_o many_o be_v plant_v in_o it_o as_o the_o whole_a territory_n can_v afford_v food_n unto_o for_o if_o a_o man_n will_v know_v what_o any_o piece_n of_o land_n be_v worth_a the_o true_a natural_a question_n must_v be_v how_o many_o man_n will_v it_o feed_v and_o how_o many_o man_n be_v there_o to_o be_v feed_v but_o to_o speak_v more_o practical_o land_n of_o the_o same_o quantity_n and_o quality_n in_o england_n be_v general_o worth_a three_o or_o four_o time_n as_o much_o as_o in_o ireland_n and_o but_o one_o quarter_n and_o a_o three_o of_o what_o it_o be_v in_o holland_n because_o england_n be_v four_o time_n so_o well_o people_v as_o ireland_n and_o be_v a_o quarter_n so_o well_o as_o holland_n and_o moreover_o where_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v advance_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o people_n there_o the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_v for_o which_o the_o inheritance_n may_v be_v sell_v be_v also_o advance_v though_o perhaps_o not_o in_o the_o very_a same_o proportion_n for_o twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o ireland_n may_v be_v worth_a but_o eight_o pound_n and_o in_o england_n where_o tithe_n be_v very_o sure_a about_o twenty_o pound_n in_o holland_n about_o thirty_o pound_n i_o suppose_v that_o in_o ireland_n and_o the_o highland_n of_o scotland_n there_o may_v be_v above_o 1800,000_o people_n or_o about_o ⅕_n part_n of_o what_o be_v in_o all_o the_o three_o kingdom_n wherefore_o the_o first_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o england_n wales_n or_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n can_v afford_v food_n that_o be_v to_o say_v corn_n flesh_n fish_n and_o fowl_n to_o a_o ⅕_n more_o people_n then_o be_v at_o present_a plant_v upon_o it_o with_o the_o same_o labour_n that_o the_o say_a ⅕_n part_n do_v now_o take_v where_o they_o be_v for_o if_o so_o than_o what_o be_v propound_v be_v natural_o possible_a second_o it_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v into_o what_o the_o moveable_n which_o upon_o such_o removable_a must_v be_v leave_v behind_o be_v worth_a for_o if_o they_o be_v worth_n less_o than_o the_o advancement_n of_o the_o price_n of_o land_n in_o england_n will_v amount_v unto_o than_o the_o proposal_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v 3._o if_o the_o relict_n land_n and_o the_o immovables_n leave_v behind_o upon_o they_o may_v be_v sell_v for_o money_n or_o if_o no_o other_o nation_n shall_v dare_v to_o meddle_v with_o they_o without_o pay_v well_o for_o they_o and_o if_o the_o nation_n who_o shall_v be_v admit_v shall_v be_v less_o able_a to_o prejudice_n and_o annoy_v the_o transplanters_n into_o england_n then_o before_o then_o i_o conceive_v the_o whole_a proposal_n will_v be_v a_o pleasant_a dream_n indeed_o as_o to_o the_o first_o part_n whether_o england_n and_o the_o lowland_n of_o scotland_n will_v mantain_n one_o five_o more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v that_o be_v to_o say_v nine_o million_o of_o soul_n in_o all_o i_o say_v first_o that_o the_o say_v territory_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n contain_v about_o thirty_o six_o million_o of_o acre_n that_o be_v four_o acre_n for_o every_o head_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n but_o the_o unite_a province_n do_v not_o allow_v ½_o acre_n and_o england_n itself_o rescind_v wales_n have_v but_o three_o acre_n to_o ever_o head_n according_a to_o the_o present_a state_n of_o tillage_n and_o husbandry_n now_o if_o so_o consider_v that_o england_n have_v but_o three_o acre_n to_o a_o head_n do_v so_o abound_v in_o victual_n as_o that_o it_o make_v law_n against_o the_o importation_n of_o cattle_n flesh_n and_o fish_n from_o abroad_o and_o that_o the_o dreining_n of_o the_o fen_n improve_n of_o forest_n enclose_v of_o commons_o sow_v of_o cinque-foyl_n and_o clovergrass_n be_v grumble_v against_o by_o landlord_n be_v the_o way_n to_o depress_v the_o
subject_n of_o england_n be_v as_o effective_a as_o to_o the_o gain_n of_o wealth_n and_o riches_n as_o those_o of_o france_n and_o if_o ten_o man_n can_v defend_v themselves_o as_o well_o in_o island_n as_o twelve_o man_n upon_o the_o continent_n than_o the_o say_v ten_o be_v not_o concern_v to_o increase_v their_o territory_n by_o the_o invasion_n of_o other_o be_v as_o effectual_a as_o the_o twelve_o in_o point_n of_o strength_n also_o wherefore_o that_o there_o be_v more_o superlucrator_n in_o the_o english_a then_o in_o the_o french_a dominion_n we_o say_v as_o follow_v there_o be_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n about_o sixty_o million_o seaman_n in_o france_n about_o a_o quarter_n so_o many_o but_o one_o seaman_n yearn_v as_o much_o as_o three_o common_a husbandman_n wherefore_o this_o difference_n of_o seaman_n add_v to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n the_o equivalent_a of_o 90,500,000_o husbandman_n there_o be_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n six_o thousand_o tun_n of_o ship_n worth_a about_o 4500,000_o 4_o ½_o and_o the_o actual_a charge_n of_o maintain_v the_o ship_n aforesaid_a by_o new_a build_n and_o reparation_n be_v about_o ⅓_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n which_o be_v the_o wage_n of_o 150._o husbandman_n but_o it_o be_v not_o the_o wage_n of_o above_o ⅓_n so_o many_o artisan_n as_o be_v employ_v upon_o ship_n of_o all_o sort_n viz._n shipwright_n calker_n joiner_n carver_n painter_n blockmaker_n rope-maker_n mastmaker_n smith_n of_o several_a sort_n flagmaker_n compassmaker_n brewer_n baker_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o victualler_n all_o sort_n of_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o gun_n and_o gunners-store_n wherefore_o there_o be_v four_o time_n more_o of_o these_o artisan_n in_o england_n then_o in_o france_n they_o further_o add_v to_o the_o account_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n the_o equivalent_a 80_o m._n husbandman_n more_o the_o sea_n line_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n and_o the_o adjacent_a island_n be_v about_o 3,800_o miles_n according_a to_o which_o length_n and_o the_o whole_a content_n of_o acre_n the_o say_a land_n will_v be_v a_o oblong_a or_o parallelogram_n figure_n of_o 3,800_o long_o and_o twenty_o five_o mile_n broad_a and_o consequent_o every_o part_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n be_v one_o with_o another_o but_o about_o twelve_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n whereas_o france_n contain_v but_o about_o one_o thousand_o mile_n of_o sea_n line_n be_v like_o the_o computation_n above_o sixty_o five_o mile_n from_o the_o seaside_n and_o consider_v the_o paucity_n of_o port_n in_o comparison_n to_o what_o be_v in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n as_o good_a as_o seventy_o miles_n distance_n from_o a_o port_n upon_o which_o ground_n it_o be_v clear_a that_o england_n can_v be_v supply_v with_o all_o gross_a and_o bulky_a commodity_n of_o foreign_a growth_n and_o manufacture_n at_o far_o cheap_a rate_n than_o france_n can_v be_v viz._n above_o four_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la rend_v cheap_a the_o land_n carriage_n for_o the_o difference_n between_o england_n and_o france_n of_o the_o distance_n from_o a_o port_n be_v so_o much_o or_o near_o thereabouts_o now_o to_o what_o advantage_n this_o convenience_n amount_v upon_o the_o importation_n and_o exportation_n of_o bulky_a commodity_n can_v be_v less_o the_o labour_n of_o one_o thousand_o of_o people_n mean_v by_o bulky_a commodity_n all_o sort_n of_o timber_n blank_n and_o staff_n for_o cask_n and_o all_o iron_n lead_v stones_n brick_n and_o tile_n for_o building_n all_o corn_n sart_fw-mi and_o drink_v all_o flesh_n and_o fish_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o commodity_n wherein_o the_o gain_n and_o loss_n of_o four_o shilling_n per_fw-la cent_n be_v considerable_a where_o note_v the_o like_a wine_n be_v sell_v in_o the_o inward_a part_n of_o france_n for_o four_o or_o five_o pound_n a_o tun_n which_o near_o the_o port_n yield_v seven_o pound_n moreover_o upon_o this_o principal_a the_o decay_n of_o timber_n in_o england_n be_v no_o very_o formidable_a thing_n as_o the_o rebuild_n of_o london_n and_o of_o the_o ship_n waste_v by_o the_o dutch-war_n do_v clear_o manifest_v nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o want_n of_o corn_n or_o other_o necessary_a provision_n in_o england_n unless_o the_o wether_n have_v be_v universal_o unseasonable_a for_o growth_n of_o the_o same_o which_o seldom_o or_o never_o happen_v for_o the_o same_o cause_n which_o make_v dearth_n in_o one_o place_n do_v after_o cause_n plenty_n in_o another_o wet-weather_n be_v propitious_a to_o highland_n which_o drown_v the_o low_a it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o poor_a of_o france_n have_v general_o less_o wage_n then_o in_o england_n and_o yet_o their_o victual_n be_v general_o dear_a there_o which_o be_v so_o there_o may_v be_v more_o superlucration_n in_o england_n then_o in_o france_n last_o i_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v travel_v through_o england_n and_o france_n whether_o the_o plebeian_n of_o england_n for_o they_o constitute_v the_o bulk_n of_o any_o nation_n do_v not_o spend_v one_o six_o more_o than_o the_o plebeian_n of_o france_n and_o if_o so_o it_o be_v necessary_a they_o must_v first_o get_v it_o and_o consequent_o that_o ten_o million_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v equivalent_a to_o twelve_o of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o the_o thirteen_o ½_o million_o at_o which_o the_o french_a nation_n be_v estimate_v it_o will_v be_v here_o object_v that_o the_o splendour_n and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o french_a king_n appear_v great_a than_o those_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n that_o the_o wealth_n of_o france_n must_v be_v proportionable_o great_a than_o that_o of_o england_n but_o that_o do_v not_o follow_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o apparent_a greatness_n of_o the_o king_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o quarter_n part_n of_o the_o people_n wealth_n which_o he_o levi_v from_o they_o for_o suppose_v the_o people_n be_v equal_o rich_a if_o one_o of_o the_o sovereign_n levy_n five_o part_n and_o the_o other_o fifteen_o the_o one_o seem_v actual_o thrice_o as_o rich_a as_o the_o other_o whereas_o potential_o they_o be_v both_o equal_a have_v now_o dicourse_v of_o the_o territory_n people_n superlucration_n and_o defensibleness_n of_o both_o dominion_n and_o in_o some_o measure_n of_o the_o trade_n so_o far_o as_o we_o have_v occasion_n to_o mention_v ship_n ship_n and_o nearness_n to_o port_n we_o come_v next_o to_o enlarge_v a_o little_a further_o upon_o the_o trade_n of_o each_o some_o have_v estimate_v that_o there_o be_v not_o above_o three_o hundred_o million_o of_o people_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n whether_o that_o be_v so_o or_o no_o be_v not_o very_o material_a to_o be_v know_v but_o i_o have_v fair_a ground_n to_o conjecture_v and_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v it_o more_o certain_o that_o there_o be_v not_o above_o eighty_o thousand_o with_o who_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a have_v commerce_n no_o european_n i_o know_v of_o trading_n direct_o or_o indirect_o where_o they_o do_v not_o so_o as_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n or_o world_n of_o trade_n consist_v of_o eighty_o thousand_o of_o soul_n as_o aforesaid_a and_o i_o further_a estimate_n that_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n yearly_o exchange_v among_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v forty_o five_o thousand_o now_o the_o wealth_n of_o every_o nation_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o share_n which_o they_o have_v in_o foreign_a trade_n with_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n rather_o then_o in_o the_o domestic_a trade_n of_o ordinary_a meat_n drink_v cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o which_o bring_v in_o little_a gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o other_o universal_a wealth_n we_o be_v to_o consider_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n head_n for_o head_n have_v not_o a_o great_a share_n hereof_o then_o those_o of_o france_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o have_v be_v consider_v that_o the_o manufacture_n of_o wool_n yearly_o export_v out_o of_o england_n into_o sevesal_a part_n of_o the_o world_n viz._n all_o sort_n of_o cloth_n serg_n stuff_n cotton_n bayes_n freeze_v or_o also_o stocken_v cap_n rug_n etc._n etc._n export_v out_o of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n do_v amount_v unto_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o value_n of_o lead_n tin_n and_o coal_n to_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o all_o clothes_n householdstuff_a etc._n etc._n carry_v into_o america_n two_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la silver_n and_o gold_n take_v from_o the_o spaniard_n sixty_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o sugar_n indigo_n tobacco_n cottham_n and_o catao_n from_o the_o southward_o part_n of_o america_n six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o wool_n butter_n hides_n beef_n herring_n pilcher_n salmon_n export_v out_o of_o ireland_n
eight_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o coal_n salt_n linen_n yarn_n herring_n pilcher_n salmon_n bring_v out_o of_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o salt-peter_n pepper_n callicots_n diamond_n drug_n and_o silk_n bring_v out_o of_o the_o east-indies_n above_o what_o be_v spend_v in_o england_n eight_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n the_o value_n of_o slave_n bring_v out_o of_o africa_n to_o serve_v in_o the_o american_n plantation_n twenty_o thousand_o which_o with_o the_o freight_n of_o the_o english_a ship_n trading_n into_o foreign_a part_n be_v above_o fifteen_o hundred_o thousand_o make_v in_o all_o ten_o million_o and_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o thousand_o which_o computation_n be_v sufficient_o justify_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o three_o kingdom_n who_o intrinsic_a value_n be_v think_v to_o be_v near_o about_o one_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la viz._n six_o hundred_o thousand_o payable_a to_o the_o king_n one_o hundred_o thousand_o for_o the_o charge_n of_o collect_v etc._n etc._n two_o hundred_o thousand_o smackle_v by_o the_o merchant_n and_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o gain_v by_o the_o farmer_n according_a to_o the_o common_a opinion_n and_o man_n say_v and_o this_o agree_v also_o with_o that_o proportion_n or_o part_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n which_o i_o have_v estimate_v the_o subject_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v possess_v of_o viz._n for_o about_o ten_o of_o forty_o five_o million_o but_o the_o value_n of_o the_o french_a commodity_n bring_v into_o england_n notwithstanding_o mr._n fortree_n estimate_n be_v not_o above_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o export_n into_o all_o the_o world_n beside_o not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o time_n as_o much_o which_o computation_n also_o agree_v well_o enough_o with_o the_o account_n we_o have_v of_o the_o custom_n of_o france_n so_o as_o france_n not_o export_v above_o half_a the_o value_n of_o what_o england_n do_v and_o for_o the_o commodity_n of_o france_n except_o wine_n brandy_n paper_n and_o the_o first_o pattern_n and_o fashion_n for_o clothes_n and_o furniture_n of_o which_o france_n be_v the_o mint_n be_v imitable_a by_o the_o english_a and_o have_v withal_o more_o people_n than_o england_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n have_v head_n for_o head_n near_o thrice_o as_o much_o foreign_a trade_n as_o the_o people_n of_o france_n and_o above_o two_o part_n of_o nine_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n and_o 2_o 7_o of_o all_o the_o ship_n notwithstanding_o all_o which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o the_o king_n and_o some_o great_a man_n of_o france_n appear_v more_o rich_a and_o splendid_a than_o those_o or_o the_o like_a quality_n in_o england_n all_o which_o arise_v rather_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o government_n then_o from_o the_o intrinsic_a and_o natural_a cause_n of_o wealth_n and_o power_n chap._n v._o that_o the_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v contingent_a and_o removable_a the_o first_o impediment_n of_o england_n greatness_n be_v the_o territory_n thereunto_o belong_v be_v too_o far_o asunder_o and_o divide_v by_o the_o sea_n into_o so_o many_o several_a island_n and_o country_n and_o i_o may_v say_v into_o so_o many_o kingdom_n and_o different_a government_n viz._n there_o be_v three_o distinct_a legislative_a power_n in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o which_o of_o instead_o of_o unite_n together_o do_v often_o cross_v one_o and_o other_o interest_n put_v bar_n and_o impediment_n upon_o one_o and_o other_o trade_n not_o only_o as_o they_o be_v foreigner_n to_o each_o other_o but_o sometime_o as_o enemy_n the_o island_n of_o jersey_n and_o guernsey_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v under_o jurisdiction_n different_a from_o those_o either_o of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n the_o government_n of_o new-england_n both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a do_v so_o differ_v from_o that_o of_o his_o majesty_n other_o dominion_n that_o it_o be_v hard_o to_o say_v what_o may_v be_v the_o consequence_n of_o it_o and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o other_o plantation_n do_v also_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o any_o of_o the_o west_n although_o there_o be_v natural_o substantial_a reason_n for_o the_o situation_n trade_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o people_n why_o there_o shall_v be_v such_o difference_n from_o all_o which_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v the_o small_a divide_a remote_a government_n be_v seldom_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o protect_v they_o all_o must_v lie_v upon_o the_o chief_a kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o small_a kingdom_n and_o dominion_n instead_o of_o be_v addition_n be_v real_o diminution_n the_o wealth_n of_o a_o king_n be_v threefold_a one_o be_v the_o wealth_n of_o subject_n the_o second_o be_v the_o quota_fw-la part_n of_o his_o subject_n wealth_n give_v he_o for_o the_o public_a defence_n honour_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o manage_v such_o undertake_n for_o the_o common_a good_a as_o no_o one_o or_o a_o few_o private_a man_n be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o three_o sort_n be_v the_o quota_fw-la of_o the_o last_o mention_v quota_fw-la part_n which_o the_o king_n may_v dispose_v of_o as_o his_o own_o personal_a inclination_n and_o discretion_n shall_v direct_v now_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o the_o aforementioned_a distance_n and_o difference_n of_o kingdom_n and_o jurisdiction_n be_v great_a impediment_n to_o all_o the_o say_v several_a sort_n of_o wealth_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o the_o follow_a particular_n 1._o in_o case_n of_o war_n with_o foreign_a nation_n england_n common_o bear_v the_o whole_a burden_n and_o charge_n whereby_o many_o in_o england_n be_v utter_o undo_v 2._o england_n sometime_o prohibit_v the_o commodity_n of_o ireland_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o late_o it_o do_v the_o cattle_n flesh_n and_o fish_n of_o ireland_n do_v not_o only_o make_v food_n and_o consequent_o labour_n dear_a in_o england_n but_o also_o have_v force_v the_o people_n of_o ireland_n to_o fetch_v these_o commodity_n from_o france_n holland_n and_o other_o place_n which_o before_o be_v sell_v they_o from_o england_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o both_o nation_n 3._o it_o occasion_n a_o unnecessary_a trouble_n and_o charge_n in_o collect_v of_o custom_n upon_o commodity_n pass_v between_o the_o several_a nation_n 4._o it_o be_v a_o damage_n to_o our_o barbados_n and_o other_o american_n trade_n that_o the_o good_n which_o may_v pass_v thence_o immediate_o to_o several_a part_n of_o the_o world_n and_o be_v sell_v at_o moderate_a rate_n must_v first_o come_v into_o england_n and_o there_o pay_v duty_n and_o afterward_o if_o at_o all_o pass_v to_o those_o country_n whither_o they_o may_v have_v go_v immediate_o 5._o the_o island_n of_o jersey_n and_o guernsey_n be_v protect_v at_o the_o charge_n of_o england_n nevertheless_o the_o labour_n and_o industry_n of_o that_o people_n which_o be_v very_o great_a redound_v most_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o french_a 6._o in_o new-england_n there_o be_v vast_a number_n of_o able_a body_a englishman_n employ_v chief_o in_o husbandry_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v breed_v of_o cattle_n whereas_o ireland_n will_v have_v contain_v all_o those_o person_n at_o the_o worst_a will_v have_v afford_v they_o land_n in_o better_a term_n than_o they_o have_v they_o in_o america_n if_o not_o some_o other_o better_a trade_n withal_o then_o now_o they_o can_v have_v 7._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o other_o plantation_n although_o they_o do_v indeed_o plant_v commodity_n which_o will_v not_o grow_v so_o well_o in_o england_n it_o grasp_a at_o more_o land_n than_o it_o will_v suffice_v to_o produce_v the_o say_a exotic_n in_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n to_o serve_v the_o whole_a world_n they_o do_v therein_o but_o distract_v and_o confound_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o own_o endeavour_n 8._o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n that_o the_o same_o people_n far_o and_o wide_o disperse_v must_v spend_v more_o upon_o their_o government_n and_o protection_n then_o the_o same_o live_v compact_o and_o when_o they_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o depend_v upon_o the_o wind_n wether_n and_o all_o the_o accident_n of_o the_o sea_n a_o second_o impediment_n to_o the_o greatness_n of_o england_n be_v the_o different_a understanding_n of_o several_a material_a point_n viz._n the_o king_n prerogative_n privilege_n of_o parliament_n the_o obscure_a difference_n between_o law_n and_o equity_n as_o also_o between_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a jurisdiction_n doubt_n whether_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n have_v power_n over_o the_o kingdom_n of_o ireland_n beside_o the_o wonderful_a paradox_n that_o the_o englishman_n lawful_o send_v to_o suppress_v rebel_n in_o ireland_n shall_v after_o have_v effect_v the_o same_o be_v
sixteen_o and_o that_o of_o each_o man_n can_v earn_v double_a to_o each_o of_o the_o child_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o if_o the_o man_n and_o child_n every_o where_o do_v do_v as_o they_o do_v in_o norwich_n they_o may_v earn_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o spend_v which_o estimate_n ground_v upon_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o experience_n agree_v with_o the_o former_a although_o as_o have_v be_v prove_v the_o people_n of_o england_n do_v thrive_v and_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a they_o may_v superlucrate_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la yet_o it_o be_v manifest_a they_o do_v not_o nor_o twenty_o three_o which_o be_v less_o by_o two_o thousand_o herein_o mean_v for_o if_o they_o do_v superlucrate_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o then_o in_o about_o five_o or_o six_o year_n time_n the_o whole_a stock_n and_o personal_n estate_n of_o the_o nation_n will_v be_v double_a which_o i_o wish_v be_v true_a but_o find_v no_o manner_n of_o reason_n to_o believe_v wherefore_o if_o they_o can_v superlucrate_v twenty_o five_o but_o not_o actual_o superlucrate_v twenty_o three_o nor_o twenty_o nor_o ten_o nor_o perhaps_o five_o i_o have_v then_o prove_v what_o be_v propound_v viz._n that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n among_o the_o king_n subject_n to_o earn_v two_o million_o more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v but_o to_o speak_v a_o little_a more_o particular_o concern_v this_o matter_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o since_o the_o fire_n of_o london_n there_o be_v earn_v in_o four_o year_n by_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o build_v only_a the_o sum_n of_o four_o million_o or_o one_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la without_o lessen_v any_o other_o sort_n of_o work_n labour_n or_o manufacture_n which_o be_v usual_o do_v in_o other_o four_o year_n before_o the_o say_a occasion_n but_o if_o the_o tradesman_n relate_v to_o building_n only_o and_o such_o of_o they_o as_o wrought_v in_o and_o about_o london_n can_v do_v one_o million-worth_n of_o work_n extraordinary_a i_o think_v that_o from_o thence_o and_o from_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o spare_a hand_n may_v very_o well_o double_a the_o same_o which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o be_v propound_v now_o if_o there_o be_v spare_v hand_n to_o superlucrate_v million_o of_o million_o they_o signify_v nothing_o unless_o there_o be_v employment_n for_o they_o &_o may_v as_o well_o follow_v their_o pleasure_n and_o speculation_n as_o labour_v to_o no_o purpose_n therefore_o the_o more_o material_a point_n be_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v two_o millionsw-orth_a of_o work_n to_o be_v do_v which_o at_o the_o present_a the_o king_n subject_n do_v neglect_v for_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o there_o needs_o little_o more_o to_o be_v do_v than_o to_o compute_v how_o much_o money_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o forreinger_n for_o freight_n of_o ship_n 2._o the_o hollander_n gain_n by_o their_o fishing-trade_n practise_v upon_o our_o sea_n 3._o what_o the_o value_n of_o all_o the_o commodity_n import_v into_o and_o send_v into_o england_n which_o may_v by_o diligence_n be_v produe_v and_o manufacture_v here_o to_o make_v short_a of_o this_o matter_n upon_o perusal_n of_o the_o most_o authentic_a account_n relate_v to_o these_o several_a particular_n i_o affirm_v that_o the_o same_o amount_v to_o above_o five_o million_o whereof_o i_o propound_v but_o two_o million_o for_o a_o further_a proof_n whereof_o mr._n samuel_n fortry_n in_o his_o ingenious_a discourse_n of_o trade_n exhibit_v the_o particular_n wherein_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o good_n import_v out_o of_o france_n only_o amount_v yearly_a to_o 2600,000_o pound_n and_o i_o affirm_v that_o the_o wine_n paper_n cork_n rosin_n and_o caper_n and_o a_o few_o other_o commodity_n which_o england_n can_v produce_v do_v not_o amount_v to_o one_o five_o part_n of_o the_o say_a sum_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o if_o mr._n fortry_n have_v not_o err_v the_o two_o million_o here_o mention_v may_v arise_v from_o france_n alone_o and_o consequent_o five_o or_o six_o million_o from_o all_o the_o three_o head_n last_v above_o specify_v chap._n ix_o that_o there_o be_v money_n sufficient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n since_o his_o majesty_n happy_a restauration_n it_o be_v think_v fit_a to_o call_v iâ—_n and_o now_o coin_n the_o money_n which_o be_v make_v it_o the_o time_n of_o usurpation_n now_o it_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o cashier_v that_o the_o say_a money_n be_v by_o frequent_a revolution_n well_o mix_v with_o the_o gold_n be_v about_o a_o seven_o part_n thereof_o and_o that_o the_o say_a money_n be_v call_v in_o be_v about_o 800,000_o pound_n and_o consequent_o the_o whole_a 5600,000_o pound_n or_o five_o million_o and_o a_o half_a whereby_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o some_o allowance_n be_v give_v for_o hoard_a money_n the_o whole_a cash_n of_o england_n be_v then_o about_o six_o million_o which_o i_o conceive_v be_v sufficient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o england_n not_o but_o that_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o majesty_n dominion_n have_v the_o like_a mean_n to_o do_v the_o same_o respective_a full_o if_o there_o be_v six_o million_o of_o soul_n in_o england_n and_o that_o each_o spend_v seven_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la than_o the_o whole_a expense_n be_v forty_o two_o million_o or_o about_o 800,000_o pound_n per_fw-la week_n and_o consequent_o if_o every_o man_n do_v pay_v his_o expense_n weekly_n and_o that_o the_o money_n can_v circulate_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o a_o week_n then_o less_o than_o one_o million_o can_v answer_v the_o end_v propose_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n in_o england_n which_o be_v pay_v half_o yearly_o be_v eight_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la there_o must_v be_v four_o million_o to_o pay_v they_o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o rent_n of_o house_n of_o england_n pay_v quarterly_a be_v worth_a about_o four_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la there_o need_v but_o one_o million_o to_o pay_v the_o say_a rent_n wherefore_o six_o million_o being_n enough_o to_o make_v good_a the_o three_o sort_n of_o circulation_n above_o mention_v i_o conceive_v what_o be_v propose_v be_v prove_v at_o least_o till_o something_o better_a be_v hold_v forth_o to_o the_o contrary_n chap._n x._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n have_v stock_n competent_a and_o convenient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n now_o for_o the_o further_a encouragement_n of_o trade_n as_o we_o have_v show_v that_o there_o be_v money_n enough_o in_o england_n to_o manage_v the_o affair_n thereof_o so_o we_o shall_v now_o offer_v to_o consideration_n whether_o there_o be_v not_o competent_a and_o convenient_a stock_n to_o drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a commercial_a world_n to_o which_o purpose_n it_o be_v to_o be_v remember_v that_o all_o the_o commodity_n yearly_o export_v out_o of_o every_o part_n of_o the_o last_o mention_v world_n may_v be_v buy_v for_o forty_o five_o million_o and_o that_o the_o ship_n employ_v in_o the_o same_o world_n be_v not_o worth_a above_o fifteen_o million_o and_o consequent_o that_o sixty_o million_o at_o most_o will_v drive_v the_o whole_a trade_n abovemention_v without_o any_o trust_n at_o all_o but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o grover_n of_o commodity_n do_v common_o trust_v they_o to_o such_o merchant_n or_o factor_n as_o be_v worth_a but_o such_o a_o part_n of_o the_o full_a value_n of_o their_o commodity_n as_o may_v possible_o be_v lose_v upon_o the_o sail_n of_o they_o which_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v expect_v it_o follow_v then_o less_o than_o a_o stock_n of_o sixty_o million_o nay_o then_o half_a of_o the_o say_a sum_n be_v sufficient_a to_o drive_v the_o trade_n above_o mention_v it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o any_o tradesman_n of_o good_a reputation_n worth_a five_o hundred_o pound_n will_v be_v trust_v with_o above_o one_o thousand_o pounds-worth_n of_o commodity_n where_o less_o than_o thirty_o million_o will_v suffice_v for_o the_o say_a purpose_n of_o which_o sum_n the_o coin_n ship_n and_o stock_n already_o in_o trade_n do_v at_o least_o make_v one_o half_a and_o it_o have_v be_v show_v how_o by_o the_o policy_n of_o a_o bank_n any_o sum_n of_o money_n may_v be_v make_v equivalent_a in_o trade_n unto_o near_o the_o double_a of_o the_o same_o by_o all_o which_o it_o seem_v that_o even_o at_o present_a much_o be_v not_o want_v to_o perform_v what_o be_v propound_v but_o suppose_v twenty_o thousand_o or_o more_o be_v want_v it_o be_v not_o improbable_a that_o since_o the_o generality_n of_o gentleman_n and_o some_o nobleman_n do_v put_v their_o young_a son_n to_o merchandise_n that_o they_o will_v see_v it_o reasonable_a as_o they_o increase_v in_o the_o number_n of_o merchant_n
the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n part_n iii_o and_o part_n iu._n contain_v i._n a_o account_n of_o the_o riches_n strength_n magnificence_n natural_a production_n manufacture_n of_o this_o island_n with_o a_o exact_a catalogue_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o their_o seat_n etc._n etc._n ii_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n within_o itself_o and_o with_o all_o country_n trade_v to_o by_o the_o english_a as_o at_o this_o day_n establish_v and_o all_o other_o matter_n relate_v to_o inland_n and_o marine_a affair_n supply_v what_o be_v omit_v in_o the_o two_o former_a part_n useful_a for_o native_n and_o foreiner_n london_n print_v for_o william_n whitwood_n near_o the_o george_n inn_n in_o little_a britain_n 1683._o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n wherein_o be_v set_v forth_o the_o riches_n strength_n magnificence_n natural_a production_n manufacture_n wonder_n and_o rarity_n progress_n of_o learning_n art_n and_o ingenuity_n etc._n etc._n with_o a_o more_o perfect_a and_o methodical_a catalogue_n of_o the_o nobility_n with_o their_o seat_n than_o any_o hitherto_o extant_a london_n print_v for_o william_n whitwood_n next_o the_o george_n inn_n in_o little_a britain_n 1683._o the_o preface_n it_o be_v common_o say_v among_o gamester_n that_o the_o standard_n by_o ofttimes_o see_v more_o than_o the_o person_n themselves_o that_o play_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v as_o to_o the_o write_n of_o book_n that_o the_o critical_a reader_n soon_o discover_v the_o error_n and_o defect_n of_o the_o writer_n withal_o it_o be_v a_o common_a observation_n even_o of_o the_o vulgar_a and_o inferior_a sort_n of_o the_o people_n of_o france_n that_o when_o any_o stranger_n chance_v to_o trip_v or_o falter_v either_o in_o the_o pronunciation_n or_o idiom_n of_o their_o language_n they_o instead_o of_o laugh_v at_o their_o fail_n be_v still_o ready_a to_o help_v they_o out_o and_o inform_v they_o better_o in_o our_o present_a affair_n therefore_o there_o be_v no_o more_o to_o do_v than_o to_o wish_v the_o good_a fortune_n of_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o most_o courteous_a and_o best_a nature_a of_o reader_n and_o indeed_o there_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o necessity_n for_o it_o for_o in_o treat_v of_o the_o production_n manufacture_n invention_n and_o other_o thing_n herein_o contain_v there_o be_v if_o not_o more_o at_o least_o as_o much_o need_n of_o converse_n as_o of_o book_n of_o consult_v the_o live_n as_o the_o dead_a whatever_o then_o through_o haste_n inadvertency_n or_o want_v of_o convenient_a assistance_n either_o of_o mistake_n or_o omission_n of_o what_o be_v most_o curious_a or_o remarkable_a i_o say_v most_o curious_a or_o remarkable_a since_o a_o too_o particular_a and_o minute_n account_n will_v swell_v each_o head_n into_o a_o distinct_a volume_n may_v have_v escape_v in_o this_o present_a work_n those_o gentleman_n who_o shall_v think_v it_o worth_a their_o while_n and_o will_v give_v themselves_o 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the_o vale_n of_o evesham_n in_o worcestershire_n so_o call_v of_o one_o eove_v a_o swinheard_a to_o egwin_n bishop_n of_o worcester_n so_o renown_v for_o its_o fertility_n and_o excellent_a kind_n of_o corn_n it_o yield_v that_o it_o be_v call_v the_o granary_n of_o those_o part_n the_o vale_n of_o alisbury_n in_o buckinghamshire_n be_v also_o particular_o take_v notice_n of_o for_o its_o pleasant_a meadow_n and_o rich_a pasture_n nor_o be_v the_o sheep-pasture_n near_o knetworth_n in_o hartfordshire_n which_o be_v call_v the_o garden_n of_o england_n to_o be_v forget_v portholm_n meadow_n also_o in_o huntingtonshire_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o notabilia_fw-la of_o that_o county_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o the_o pasturage_n however_o there_o be_v some_o place_n so_o peculiar_o remark_v either_o for_o the_o largeness_n or_o richness_n of_o their_o pasture_n that_o the_o mention_n of_o they_o can_v well_o be_v omit_v the_o isle_n of_o shepey_n in_o kent_n be_v about_o 21_o mile_n in_o compass_n be_v without_o question_n so_o denominate_v from_o the_o numerous_a flock_n of_o sheep_n which_o it_o feed_v no_o less_o celebrate_v be_v rumny-marsh_n heretofore_o a_o part_n of_o the_o sea_n under_o the_o name_n of_o romanum_n mare_n which_o by_o common_a speech_n be_v easy_o corrupt_v into_o rumnense_n marshium_n of_o this_o marsh_n twine_v in_o his_o commentary_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la anglicis_fw-la make_v a_o particular_a mention_n thus_o conclude_v denique_fw-la unde_fw-la tot_fw-la pingues_fw-la peeudes_fw-la etc._n etc._n last_o say_v he_o whence_o so_o many_o fat_a cattle_n come_v to_o the_o shambles_n that_o not_o only_o all_o kent_n be_v large_o supply_v from_o this_o place_n but_o even_o the_o city_n of_o london_n also_o in_o some_o measure_n fare_v the_o better_a in_o the_o marsh-country_n of_o norfolk_n common_o call_v marshland_n the_o soil_n be_v so_o very_o mellow_a and_o fruitful_a that_o in_o a_o certain_a large_a mead_n call_v tilneysm_v there_o be_v say_v general_o to_o feed_v no_o less_o than_o 30000_o sheep_n at_o a_o time_n wormleighton_n in_o warwickshire_n breed_v sheep_n of_o so_o large_a a_o size_n that_o there_o be_v scarce_o the_o like_a to_o be_v see_v elsewhere_o lemster_n upon_o the_o river_n lugier_n in_o herefordshire_n feed_v a_o breed_n of_o sheep_n which_o yield_v so_o fine_a and_o delicate_a a_o wool_n that_o our_o noble_a poet_n draiton_n in_o his_o polyolbion_n compare_v it_o to_o the_o wool_n of_o apulia_n and_o tarentum_n which_o have_v be_v always_o account_v the_o fine_a wool_n of_o europe_n the_o bread_n also_o of_o lemster_n be_v no_o less_o note_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o fineness_n of_o its_o flower_n insomuch_o that_o lemster_n bread_n and_o weable_o ale_n be_v unite_v into_o a_o proverb_n as_o leigh_n observe_v in_o his_o description_n of_o england_n likewise_o the_o sheep_n of_o cotsall_n i_o e._n a_o place_n of_o sheep-cotes_n or_o folds_n upon_o a_o hill_n in_o glocestershire_n yield_v so_o fine_a a_o wool_n that_o nothing_o but_o the_o spanish_a wool_n can_v outvie_v it_o and_o this_o advantage_n it_o owe_v to_o a_o present_a that_o be_v make_v by_o king_n ______o to_o ______o king_n of_o spain_n very_o much_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o england_n as_o it_o have_v since_o prove_v somerton_n once_o the_o chief_a town_n as_o some_o say_v of_o somersetshire_n and_o give_v the_o denomination_n to_o the_o shire_n consist_v almost_o whole_o with_o the_o country_n thereabouts_o of_o grazier_n and_o breeder_n of_o cattle_n after_o the_o wool_n of_o lemster_n and_o cotsall_n that_o of_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n come_v next_o in_o estimation_n beside_o those_o place_n abovementioned_a there_o be_v one_o more_o which_o for_o its_o largeness_n and_o fruitfulness_n alike_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v mention_v viz._n the_o vale_n of_o the_o whitehorse_n which_o be_v partly_o in_o wiltshire_n and_o partly_o in_o berkshire_n for_o fruit_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o county_n in_o england_n that_o be_v not_o tolerable_o well_o store_v in_o one_o sort_n or_o other_o but_o above_o all_o for_o cherry_n and_o now_o of_o late_a for_o pippin_n kent_n bear_v the_o name_n and_o particular_o tenham_n which_o be_v common_o style_v the_o parent_n of_o fruit_n garden_n but_o the_o first_o pippin_n bring_v over_o that_o be_v about_o 100_o year_n since_o be_v plant_v in_o that_o part_n of_o lincolnshire_n call_v holland_n and_o about_o kirton_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n nor_o be_v our_o cherry_n of_o much_o long_a date_n be_v first_o bring_v over_o from_o flanders_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o and_o plant_v in_o kent_n with_o that_o success_n that_o one_o only_a orchard_n of_o but_o 32_o acne_n be_v say_v to_o have_v produce_v in_o one_o year_n as_o much_o as_o yield_v 1000_o l._n for_o all_o sort_n of_o apple_n and_o pear_n and_o for_o great_a quantity_n of_o excellent_a cider_n which_o furnish_v london_n and_o many_o other_o part_n worcestershire_n glocestershire_n and_o herefordshire_n be_v the_o principal_a county_n vine_n we_o have_v very_o frequent_a among_o we_o of_o several_a sort_n produce_v for_o the_o most_o part_n a_o very_a sweet_a and_o pleasant_a grape_n and_o good_a quantity_n of_o wine_n i_o have_v hear_v say_v have_v be_v former_o make_v at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v two_o place_n principal_o eminent_a for_o make_v of_o wine_n viz._n claverton_n in_o somersetshire_n a_o seat_n of_o sir_n william_n basset_n where_o there_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v make_v some_o year_n no_o less_o than_o 40_o hogshead_n of_o a_o very_a pleasant_a and_o palatable_a wine_n and_o in_o kent_n belong_v to_o colonel_n blunt._n at_o hatfield-house_n in_o hertfordshire_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o salisbury_n there_o be_v a_o parcel_n ground_n call_v the_o vineyard_n no_o doubt_n from_o the_o plenty_n and_o goodness_n of_o the_o vine_n there_o plant_v and_o in_o glocestershire_n there_o be_v several_a place_n call_v vineyard_n out_o of_o which_o in_o former_a time_n they_o yearly_o pay_v rent-wine_n from_o the_o plenty_n of_o vine_n no_o doubt_n here_o grow_v moreover_o it_o be_v find_v in_o ancient_a record_n that_o several_a town_n of_o this_o shire_n pay_v rent-wine_n as_o dr._n fuller_n in_o his_o worthys_n particular_o observe_v of_o other_o production_n beside_o those_o beast_n and_o cattle_n which_o be_v of_o advantage_n for_o food_n and_o clothing_n and_o which_o no_o country_n of_o europe_n perhaps_o of_o the_o world_n bring_v forth_o more_o fair_a and_o large_a than_o england_n there_o be_v some_o beast_n of_o service_n which_o be_v common_a to_o england_n with_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n be_v general_o commend_v to_o be_v of_o a_o more_o excellent_a kind_a than_o any_o especial_o that_o which_o be_v the_o most_o serviceable_a of_o all_o other_o viz._n the_o horse_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o respect_n consider_v be_v doubtless_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o useful_a of_o all_o fourfooted_a beast_n for_o though_o the_o elephant_n camel_n and_o dromedary_n with_o which_o most_o place_v of_o asia_n and_o many_o of_o africa_n abound_v be_v more_o remarkable_a for_o vast_a bulk_n of_o body_n especial_o the_o elephant_n and_o consequent_o more_o capable_a of_o carriage_n and_o bear_n of_o great_a burden_n yet_o the_o same_o greatness_n of_o bulk_n render_v they_o on_o the_o other_o side_n more_o unfit_a for_o expedition_n and_o for_o the_o ass_n and_o mule_n which_o indeed_o be_v fair_a large_a and_o more_o numerous_a in_o spain_n and_o other_o country_n of_o europe_n than_o in_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v not_o certain_o to_o be_v compare_v either_o for_o shape_n service_n or_o expedition_n with_o the_o forementioned_a animal_n nor_o be_v ever_o any_o grandee_n of_o spain_n journey_v on_o his_o mule_n with_o the_o grand_a pa_n and_o spanish_a gravity_n so_o comely_a a_o sight_n as_o a_o well_o accoutre_v cavalier_n on_o horseback_n and_o of_o all_o part_n of_o england_n montgomeryshire_n be_v commend_v for_o excellent_a horse_n the_o truth_n be_v the_o spanish_a jenet_n that_o of_o barbary_n race_n common_o therefore_o call_v the_o barbary_n the_o count_n of_o oldenburgh_n breed_n in_o germany_n have_v the_o name_n before_o all_o other_o for_o swiftness_n delicacy_n of_o shape_n and_o neatness_n of_o mark_n or_o colour_n but_o for_o courage_n ability_n of_o body_n either_o for_o travel_n draught_n or_o carriage_n sufficient_a swiftness_n and_o agility_n tractableness_n for_o the_o great_a saddle_n and_o management_n in_o war_n the_o horse_n of_o english_a breed_n be_v repute_v hardly_o matchable_a by_o those_o of_o any_o other_o country_n and_o our_o dog_n much_o less_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o divers_a eminent_a author_n ortelius_n in_o his_o theatrum_fw-la orbis_n terrarum_fw-la affirm_v that_o there_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n where_o there_o be_v better_a and_o large_a dog_n to_o be_v see_v especial_o hound_n he_o may_v
also_o have_v add_v mastiff_n to_o the_o same_o effect_n cambden_n write_v of_o our_o dog_n in_o general_a in_o his_o hantshire_n and_o middlesex_n burton_n also_o in_o his_o commentary_n on_o antoninus_n his_o itinerary_n prefer_v the_o british_a hound_n and_o mastiff_n before_o those_o of_o any_o other_o country_n whatsoever_o and_o of_o our_o mastiff_n a_o spanish_a geographer_n of_o good_a account_n lucas_n de_fw-fr linda_n in_o his_o descriptio_fw-la orbis_n say_v that_o they_o be_v the_o brave_a the_o largest_n and_o the_o fierce_a of_o any_o in_o the_o world_n beside_o moreover_o that_o they_o be_v in_o great_a request_n ancient_o among_o the_o roman_n and_o make_v use_v of_o in_o their_o public_a game_n and_o baiting_n exhibit_v in_o their_o amphitheatre_n appear_v by_o this_o verse_n of_o the_o poet_n claudian_n magnaque_fw-la taurorum_fw-la fracturi_fw-la colla_n britani_n there_o be_v likewise_o some_o other_o sort_n of_o dog_n of_o english_a breed_n which_o though_o not_o so_o much_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o author_n i_o be_o apt_a to_o imagine_v be_v no_o less_o excellent_a and_o supereminent_a in_o their_o kind_n than_o those_o above_o mention_v as_o namely_o water-spaniel_n greyhoud_n setting-dog_n and_o such_o like_a of_o sport_n and_o game_n last_o that_o sort_n of_o dog_n that_o serve_v only_o for_o show_n and_o the_o slight_a of_o divertisement_n i_o real_o believe_v that_o for_o neatness_n of_o mark_n and_o delicacy_n of_o shape_n there_o be_v scarce_o to_o be_v find_v elsewhere_o the_o like_a to_o our_o beagle_n and_o little_a spaniel_n and_o this_o will_v appear_v the_o more_o evident_a to_o those_o that_o shall_v observe_v this_o one_o thing_n namely_o that_o whereas_o it_o be_v a_o general_a curiosity_n not_o to_o say_v vanity_n among_o our_o english_a gentry_n to_o admire_v and_o delight_v in_o bird_n beast_n and_o other_o thing_n bring_v over_o from_o france_n and_o other_o foreign_a part_n as_o parrot_n from_o ______o monkey_n from_o ______o we_o find_v few_o or_o none_o of_o these_o abovementioned_a creature_n but_o what_o be_v english_a at_o lest_o none_o so_o curious_o mark_v and_o limb_v as_o we_o there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v breed_v about_o portsmouth_n a_o race_n of_o very_o little_a dog_n which_o by_o their_o shape_n seem_v to_o be_v of_o the_o species_n of_o beagle_n as_o for_o the_o cat_n of_o england_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o number_n of_o fine_a tabby-cat_n that_o be_v fine_o spot_v and_o as_o it_o be_v marble_v have_v very_o much_o increase_v of_o late_a year_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v probable_o conjecture_v that_o some_o kind_n of_o those_o so_o curious_o clothe_v cat_n have_v be_v bring_v hither_o from_o other_o part_n and_o particular_o those_o of_o cyprus_n have_v be_v account_v for_o their_o marble_a coat_n the_o choice_a of_o all_o other_o but_o set_v aside_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o curious_a mark_n or_o colour_n to_o show_v how_o far_a we_o have_v the_o preeminence_n in_o the_o exercise_n of_o that_o faculty_n which_o nature_n have_v implant_v in_o this_o sort_n of_o creature_n that_o be_v the_o catch_v of_o mouse_n and_o other_o such_o vermin_n there_o need_v no_o other_o instance_n than_o the_o history_n of_o a_o very_a rich_a lord_n mayor_n of_o london_n some_o few_o age_n ago_o who_o first_o raise_v his_o fortune_n from_o the_o venture_n of_o a_o english_a cat._n as_o for_o the_o eatable_a cattle_n and_o several_a beast_n of_o game_n some_o place_n we_o find_v there_o be_v which_o claim_v a_o special_a propriety_n to_o this_o or_o that_o particular_a kind_n the_o best_a ox_n in_o england_n be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o lancashire_n in_o the_o new-forrest_n in_o hantshire_n there_o be_v very_o great_a store_n of_o red-deer_n a_o late_a park_n near_o new-market_n in_o cambridgeshire_n be_v call_v hare-park_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o hare_n rabbetts_n the_o best_a and_o most_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o norfolk_n yet_o i_o can_v think_v they_o much_o exceed_v those_o of_o auburn-chace_n belong_v to_o my_o lord_n of_o pembroke_n in_o wiltshire_n the_o best_a hog_n in_o hantshire_n of_o bird_n there_o be_v few_o if_o any_o sort_v want_v here_o which_o be_v frequent_a in_o other_o part_n of_o england_n whether_o the_o most_o curious_a of_o sing_v bird_n the_o choice_a fowl_n both_o wild_a and_o tame_a for_o the_o table_n or_o bird_n of_o game_n and_o delight_n but_o of_o some_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o what_o be_v breed_v in_o this_o country_n be_v peculiar_o commendable_a above_o other_o especial_o the_o gallinaceous_a kind_n pliny_n observe_v of_o the_o cock_n that_o it_o be_v a_o bold_a and_o stout_a bird_n and_o crow_n in_o sign_n of_o triumph_n immediate_o after_o victory_n and_o doubtless_o scarce_o any_o country_n afford_v so_o courageous_a and_o martial_a a_o race_n of_o game-cock_n as_o england_n a_o right_a cock_n of_o the_o game_n seldom_o or_o never_o cease_v on_o this_o side_n death_n or_o victory_n nor_o do_v i_o remember_v to_o have_v read_v or_o hear_v report_n of_o any_o country_n where_o the_o sport_n of_o cockfighting_n of_o which_o our_o countryman_n ascham_n have_v write_v a_o learned_a treatise_n be_v so_o much_o use_v as_o here_o thus_o the_o dog_n among_o beast_n and_o the_o cock_n among_o bird_n seem_v proper_a emblem_n of_o true_a english_a valour_n however_o let_v we_o not_o repose_v our_o chief_a glory_n in_o this_o virtue_n alone_o but_o strive_v to_o excel_v in_o other_o of_o a_o high_a nature_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o man_n alone_o since_o valour_n we_o see_v be_v a_o virtue_n common_a to_o man_n with_o brute_n in_o the_o rock_n of_o pembrokeshire_n be_v hawk_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a kind_n but_o chief_o of_o the_o species_n of_o the_o falcon_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o shirwood_n in_o nottinghamshire_n and_o in_o the_o forest_n of_o dean_n in_o glocestershire_n the_o hawk_n call_v the_o lanar_n who_o female_a be_v the_o laneret_n be_v very_o frequent_a near_a kinsland_n in_o ______o be_v often_o see_v the_o hawk_n call_v lanius_n the_o butcher_n or_o murder_v bird._n along_o the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n from_o the_o west_n as_o far_o as_o dover_n but_o chief_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n of_o cornwall_n there_o frequent_v a_o sort_n of_o chough_n or_o jack-daw_n which_o be_v thence_o common_o call_v the_o cornish_a chough_n suppose_v the_o same_o with_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o aristotle_n in_o new-forrest_n in_o hantshire_n chief_o breed_v the_o vpupa_fw-la or_o hoop_n in_o the_o fen_n of_o lincolnshire_n the_o attagen_fw-la or_o godwitt_n on_o newmarket-heath_n and_o salisbury-plain_n the_o bistarda_n or_o bustard_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n a_o sort_n of_o wild-goose_n common_o call_v a_o birgander_n in_o latin_a vulpancer_n in_o several_a part_n of_o cornwall_n two_o sort_n of_o bird_n rare_o see_v elsewhere_o viz._n the_o puffin_n and_o the_o ganet_n also_o in_o lincolnshire_n the_o foolish_a bird_n call_v the_o dotterel_n be_v so_o frequent_a that_o the_o people_n of_o those_o part_n have_v very_o good_a sport_n in_o the_o catch_v of_o it_o as_o cambden_n relate_v the_o place_n of_o england_n most_o eminen_o famous_a for_o several_a sort_n of_o fish_n be_v newcastle_n upon_o tine_n for_o salmon_n as_o also_o bywell_n in_o northumberland_n and_o the_o river_n wye_n in_o herefordshire_n also_o the_o river_n lune_fw-fr near_a cockerfand-abbey_n in_o lancashire_n the_o coast_n of_o cornwall_n for_o herring_n there_o be_v there_o so_o great_a a_o trade_n of_o herring-fishing_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_o the_o like_a again_o in_o any_o place_n of_o europe_n at_o limmouth_n also_o in_o dorcetshire_n there_o be_v take_v great_a quantity_n of_o herring_n at_o yarmouth_n in_o norfolk_n the_o herring_n be_v very_o large_a and_o good_a and_o be_v therefore_o call_v yarmouth_n capon_n shrewsbury_n and_o some_o other_o place_n thereabouts_o upon_o the_o severn_n for_o a_o fish_n call_v a_o mort_fw-fr which_o in_o taste_n have_v very_o much_o of_o the_o salmon_n in_o it_o sussex_n in_o general_a for_o carp_n for_o lobster_n chichester_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o sussex_n and_o selsey_n so_o call_v qu._n isle_n of_o seal_n or_o sea-calf_n in_o the_o same_o county_n the_o first_o for_o small_a one_o but_o very_o sweet_a and_o well_o taste_v the_o second_o for_o those_o esteem_v not_o only_o because_o of_o their_o goodness_n but_o also_o their_o fullness_n and_o largeness_n for_o cockle_n the_o same_o selsey_n for_o oyster_n colchester_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o essex_n and_o several_a place_n of_o kent_n especial_o whitstaple_n and_o reculver_n which_o for_o oyster_n of_o savoury_a saltness_n exceed_v all_o other_o part_n of_o that_o county_n especial_o reculver_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o small_a fish_n call_v a_o pilchard_n common_o about_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o herring_n though_o i_o have_v hear_v say_v that_o in_o some_o part_n
great_a lump_n or_o mass_n like_o that_o of_o newcastle_n but_o as_o it_o be_v lay_v on_o in_o great_a piece_n burn_v sheer_a away_o into_o ash_n each_o piece_n like_o wood._n up_o and_o down_o in_o several_a part_n of_o darbyshire_n and_o staffordshire_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o pit-coal_n which_o be_v common_o call_v cannel-coal_n perhaps_o as_o it_o be_v candle-coal_n because_o it_o burn_v clear_a like_o a_o candle_n this_o coal_n be_v of_o a_o bright_a shine_a gloss_n and_o withal_o of_o so_o tough_a and_o solid_a a_o substance_n that_o they_o frequent_o make_v thereof_o standish_v saltseller_n candlestick_n and_o other_o such_o like_a utensil_n which_o appear_v as_o it_o be_v of_o a_o courser_n sort_n of_o jet_n in_o staffordshire_n pensneth-chace_n be_v particular_o make_v mention_n of_o for_o plenty_n of_o pit-coal_n in_o leicestershire_n coal-overton_n in_o the_o hundred_o of_o west-goscot_a and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o this_o county_n where_o there_o be_v store_n of_o pit-coal_n of_o a_o bituminous_a nature_n very_o hard_a and_o fast_o in_o warwickshire_n bedworth_n in_o somersetshire_n mendip-hill_n and_o several_a place_n on_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o river_n frome_n in_o richmondshire_n the_o top_n of_o certain_a hill_n in_o the_o isle_n of_o anglesey_n there_o be_v say_v to_o be_v great_a store_n of_o a_o aluminous_a matter_n out_o of_o which_o it_o be_v think_v may_v be_v make_v very_o good_a alum_n and_o copperass_n but_o nothing_o of_o this_o nature_n have_v be_v bring_v to_o that_o perfection_n as_o the_o alum-work_n in_o yorkshire_n through_o the_o great_a industry_n of_o sir_n john_n bourchier_n who_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n james_n make_v away_o with_o a_o considerable_a estate_n for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o this_o great_a work_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o he_o obtain_v the_o grant_n of_o a_o patent_n from_o the_o king_n whereby_o he_o be_v invest_v with_o the_o whole_a benefit_n of_o the_o say_a alumwork_n which_o be_v value_v at_o a_o thousand_o pound_v a_o year_n but_o however_o matter_n be_v carry_v his_o grandchild_n mr._n richard_n bourchier_n be_v now_o reduce_v to_o utmost_a necessity_n receive_v no_o relief_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o patent_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o paternal_a estate_n but_o gesborough_n in_o this_o shire_n be_v most_o particular_o note_v for_o a_o alum-mine_a which_o some_o say_v be_v first_o find_v out_o by_o sir_n thomas_n chaloner_n tutor_n to_o prince_n henry_n as_o for_o the_o stone-quarry_n of_o england_n they_o must_v indeed_o be_v confess_v inferior_a to_o those_o of_o italy_n greece_n and_o other_o part_n for_o all_o curious_a kind_n of_o marble_n alabaster_n and_o porphyry_n of_o marble_n the_o parian_a be_v ancient_o account_v the_o best_a however_o we_o have_v many_o structure_n both_o public_a and_o private_a to_o show_v which_o be_v build_v of_o our_o own_o native_a freestone_n want_v not_o their_o state_n and_o elegance_n the_o principal_a magazine_n of_o this_o commodity_n be_v the_o isle_n of_o portland_n in_o dorcetshire_n which_o have_v supply_v many_o of_o the_o grand_a building_n of_o england_n likewise_o the_o isle_n of_o purbeck_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n have_v vein_n of_o marble_n which_o though_o not_o continue_v but_o scatter_o hear_v and_o there_o as_o cambden_n observe_v yet_o run_v a_o great_a way_n under_o ground_n at_o edgcomb_n house_n near_o plymouth_n in_o cornwall_n there_o be_v dig_v good_a quantity_n of_o a_o stone_n which_o be_v of_o great_a use_n and_o ornament_n in_o building_n also_o on_o the_o moor_n of_o the_o say_a county_n there_o be_v find_v a_o sort_n of_o stone_n which_o be_v thence_o call_v the_o moor-stone_n of_o which_o there_o be_v frequent_o make_v chimney-piece_n and_o ornament_n of_o window_n and_o door_n beside_o another_o sort_n of_o the_o colour_n of_o marble_n in_o nottinghamshire_n there_o be_v dig_v a_o soft_a stone_n at_o least_o much_o soft_a than_o alabaster_n with_o which_o be_v burn_v and_o make_v into_o a_o plaster_n they_o general_o floor_n their_o upper-room_n this_o plaster_n be_v well_o lay_v as_o soon_o as_o it_o come_v to_o be_v dry_a prove_v hard_a than_o any_o plaster_n of_o paris_n and_o be_v wonderful_a durable_a in_o herefordshire_n hard_o by_o snodhill-castle_n be_v a_o quarry_n from_o whence_o they_o say_v there_o be_v dig_v forth_o very_o good_a marble_n at_o a_o place_n call_v peter_n post_n in_o yorkshire_n be_v a_o famous_a quarry_n of_o stone_n also_o near_o shirburn_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n nor_o be_v that_o near_a manchester_n in_o laneashire_n inconsiderable_a beside_o a_o quarry_n of_o a_o fine_a reddish-stone_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n irwell_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n moreover_o what_o we_o want_v in_o alabaster_n porphyry_n marble_n etc._n etc._n be_v more_o than_o compensated_a to_o we_o by_o stone_n of_o a_o great_a value_n particular_o in_o cornwall_n there_o be_v find_v in_o great_a quantity_n stone_n of_o a_o natural_a smoothness_n form_v into_o angle_n and_o considerable_o large_a some_o of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o walnut_n or_o thereabouts_o and_o of_o such_o a_o lustre_n that_o many_o scruple_n not_o to_o call_v they_o diamond_n and_o probable_o they_o may_v pass_v for_o such_o do_v not_o the_o cunning_a lapidary_n know_v how_o to_o distinguish_v the_o true_a orient_a diamond_n from_o other_o by_o its_o adamantine_a hardness_n and_o solidity_n likewise_o st._n vincent_n rock_n at_o bristol_n afford_v plenty_n of_o these_o english_a diamond_n common_o call_v bristol_n stone_n at_o shugbury_n in_o warwickshire_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o precious_a stone_n at_o least_o by_o some_o so_o account_v call_v astroite_n from_o a_o mark_n it_o have_v upon_o it_o resemble_v a_o star_n and_o on_o the_o rock_n of_o guarnsey_n there_o be_v a_o hard_a stone_n call_v a_o emeril_n nor_o be_v we_o whole_o destitute_a of_o marble_n and_o alabaster_n though_o doubtless_o short_a for_o beauty_n and_o fineness_n to_o those_o of_o italy_n and_o greece_n in_o some_o part_n of_o staffordshire_n there_o be_v dig_v a_o sort_n of_o alabaster_n think_v to_o be_v the_o best_a in_o england_n fullers-earth_n potters-earth_n marle_n lime_n slate_n tobacco-pipe-clay_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v large_a vein_n in_o several_a part_n particular_o woburn_n in_o bedfordshire_n abound_v in_o fullers-earth_n as_o also_o rigate_n in_o surry_n in_o some_o part_n of_o wiltshire_n the_o store_n of_o marl_n that_o be_v find_v there_o gives_z appellation_n to_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a town_n of_o that_o shire_n viz._n marlborough_n and_o in_o divers_a part_n of_o lancashire_n be_v find_v a_o marl_n which_o very_o much_o enrich_v the_o land_n near_a nonsuch_n in_o surry_n be_v a_o large_a vein_n of_o potters-earth_n near_o walsal_n in_o sussex_n be_v store_n of_o lime-pit_n and_o not_o many_o mile_n from_o pomfret_n in_o yorkshire_n it_o be_v aver_v by_o some_o that_o no_o less_o than_o 2000_o l._n a_o year_n usual_o make_v of_o the_o lime_n thereabouts_o in_o some_o part_n of_o cornwall_n there_o be_v slate_n of_o three_o sort_n and_o colour_n viz._n the_o blue_n the_o grey_a and_o the_o sage-colour_n particular_o at_o a_o place_n call_v walling-slate_n in_o cornwall_n be_v dig_v up_o great_a store_n of_o slate_n as_o also_o at_o collyweston_n in_o northamptonshire_n at_o pool_n in_o dorcetshire_n and_o in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n the_o best_a tobacco-pipe-clay_n and_o to_o the_o millstone_n of_o the_o peak_n before_o mention_v we_o may_v add_v those_o dig_v up_o at_o mowcup_n in_o cheshire_n there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o earth_n call_v talcum_n use_v by_o painter_n and_o colourer_n of_o which_o store_n be_v dig_v up_o in_o several_a part_n of_o sussex_n and_o the_o best_a of_o saltpetre_n be_v say_v to_o be_v find_v in_o northamptonshire_n out_o of_o the_o salt-pit_n of_o england_n be_v extract_v so_o white_a and_o fine_a a_o sort_n of_o salt_n that_o the_o most_o refine_a sugar_n look_v not_o more_o white_a and_o fine_a it_o be_v also_o common_o make_v up_o into_o mass_n in_o the_o form_n of_o sugar-loave_n most_o of_o these_o wiche_n the_o most_o note_a be_v in_o cheshire_n all_o denominate_v according_o viz._n nantwich_n middlewich_n and_o northwich_n nantwich_n beside_o the_o consideration_n of_o its_o salt-pit_n which_o be_v general_o call_v the_o whitewich_n be_v next_o to_o the_o city_n of_o chester_n itself_o the_o most_o eminent_a town_n of_o all_o cheshire_n middlewich_n have_v two_o pit_n between_o which_o there_o run_v a_o small_a brook_n and_o part_n they_o the_o pit_n in_o northwich_n be_v call_v the_o black-wich_a i_o suppose_v because_o the_o salt_n draw_v hence_o be_v blacker_n and_o courser_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n in_o worcestershire_n there_o be_v also_o a_o place_n of_o principal_a note_n for_o these_o wiche_n or_o salt-pit_n viz._n droit-wich_a or_o dirt-wich_a where_o there_o be_v three_o well_n who_o water_n from_o
christmas_n till_o midsummer_n be_v of_o so_o brackish_a a_o nature_n that_o all_o that_o time_n they_o boil_v great_a quantity_n of_o salt_n out_o of_o it_o in_o furnace_n which_o for_o that_o end_n be_v erect_v near_o the_o well_n whereas_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n the_o water_n be_v so_o fresh_a that_o no_o salt_n can_v be_v extract_v out_o of_o it_o as_o for_o those_o plant_n and_o shrub_n which_o be_v most_o peculiar_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o england_n it_o will_v be_v too_o particular_a a_o subject_n for_o this_o so_o general_a a_o work_n to_o assign_v each_o its_o several_a place_n as_o there_o be_v very_o many_o place_n where_o this_o or_o that_o herb_n tree_n or_o shrub_n have_v as_o it_o be_v its_o peculiar_a nativity_n and_o education_n all_o the_o whole_a county_n of_o buckingham_n be_v denominate_v from_o the_o great_a number_n of_o beech-tree_n there_o grow_v the_o isle_n of_o scalny_n in_o pembrokeshire_n be_v almost_o all_o over_o grow_v with_o wild-time_n but_o there_o be_v some_o plant_n which_o be_v of_o themselves_o not_o ordinary_a or_o common_a or_o of_o a_o more_o than_o common_a virtue_n or_o efficacy_n do_v so_o much_o the_o more_o signalise_v the_o place_n where_o they_o grow_v especial_o be_v the_o only_o note_a place_n of_o their_o production_n the_o saffron_n about_o walden_n in_o essex_n be_v so_o eminent_o repute_v above_o the_o saffron_n of_o any_o other_o part_n that_o that_o town_n be_v never_o mention_v but_o by_o the_o name_n of_o saffron-walden_n pomfret_n in_o yorkshire_n so_o call_v quasi_fw-la pontfract_n or_o brokenbridge_n beside_o its_o strong_a and_o stately_a castle_n be_v note_v for_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o liquorice_n that_o grow_v thereabouts_o as_o also_o a_o sort_n of_o plant_n call_v skirwort_n who_o root_n be_v much_o esteem_v and_o eat_v by_o the_o curious_a for_o a_o great_a delicacy_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o richness_n and_o high_a nourishment_n nor_o be_v worksop_n in_o nottinghamshire_n less_o eminent_a for_o liquorice_n hallifax_v in_o the_o west-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n be_v note_v for_o several_a thing_n which_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v mention_n of_o elsewhere_o but_o among_o other_o thing_n the_o nut_n grow_v thereabouts_o be_v by_o way_n of_o eminency_n call_v hallifax_n nut_n at_o barklow_n in_o essex_n there_o grow_v in_o great_a abundance_n a_o herb_n bear_v red-berry_n call_v danewort_n from_o a_o tradition_n that_o it_o spring_v first_o from_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o dane_n on_o the_o cliff_n between_o deal_n and_o dover_n great_a plenty_n of_o sampire_n grow_v westward_o from_o dengeness_n in_o kent_n pease_n spring_v up_o natural_o in_o cluster_n like_o grape_n and_o differ_v not_o much_o in_o taste_n from_o common-field_n pease_n between_o sandwich_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n a_o kind_n of_o hops_n be_v observe_v to_o grow_v natural_o among_o the_o beach_n and_o pebble_n garlic_n be_v no_o where_o better_a nor_o more_o plentiful_a than_o at_o stratton_n in_o cornwall_n several_a part_n of_o devonshire_n and_o porbery_n most_o peculiar_o in_o somersetshire_n produce_v wild_a strawberry_n in_o abundance_n no_o less_o note_v be_v axminster_n in_o devonshire_n for_o hurtleberry_n at_o summervil_n near_o chapel_n two_o mile_n from_o blanford_n in_o dorcetshire_n on_o on_o the_o hither_o side_n of_o the_o river_n at_o sturpain_n there_o be_v a_o most_o plentiful_a production_n of_o mad_a how_o long_o this_o plant_n have_v be_v in_o england_n be_v uncertain_a but_o it_o be_v above_o 50_o year_n since_o a_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o it_o be_v produce_v at_o barn-elm_n in_o surry_n and_o sir_n nicholas_n crisp_n sow_v several_a sort_n of_o it_o as_o crop-mad_a umber_n owe_v and_o pipe_n or_o flat_o mad_a at_o deptford_n in_o kent_n which_o county_n afford_v plenty_n of_o flax_n but_o the_o best_a hemp_n be_v say_v to_o grow_v between_o bemister_n and_o birdport_n in_o dorcetshire_n st._n foin_n or_o holy-hay_a be_v first_o bring_v out_o of_o france_n from_o about_o paris_n and_o first_o sow_v at_o copt-hall_n in_o kent_n tamarisk_n be_v first_o bring_v over_o from_o switzerland_n by_o bishop_n tindal_n in_o the_o day_n of_o queen_n mary_n from_o who_o displeasure_n he_o flee_v and_o plant_v in_o his_o garden_n at_o fullham_n on_o the_o top_n of_o pendle-hill_n in_o lancashire_n there_o grow_v a_o plant_n peculiar_a to_o that_o place_n call_v cloudesberry_n probable_o for_o that_o it_o seem_v as_o it_o be_v to_o come_v out_o of_o the_o cloud_n in_o the_o fen_n of_o cambridgeshire_n there_o be_v common_o gather_v a_o herb_n call_v water-germand_a in_o latin_a scordium_n which_o be_v the_o chief_a ingredient_n consequent_o give_v name_n to_o that_o great_a alexipharmacon_fw-la so_o much_o know_v and_o use_v among_o we_o call_v diascordium_n about_o glastenbury_n in_o somersetshire_n there_o be_v plenty_n of_o woad_n and_o at_o cashalton_n in_o surry_n of_o excellent_a walnut_n of_o the_o wonder_n and_o rarity_n of_o england_n the_o wonder_n of_o england_n consist_v chief_o in_o stone_n cave_n lake_n fountain_n ditch_n and_o several_a prodigious_a tumuli_fw-la or_o hillock_n cast_v up_o by_o art_n and_o labour_n there_o be_v never_o doubtless_o hear_v of_o in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n so_o miraculous_a a_o monument_n of_o stone_n for_o so_o it_o be_v general_o suppose_v to_o be_v as_o that_o on_o salisbury-plain_a within_o six_o or_o seven_o mile_n of_o salisbury_n common_o call_v stone-henge_n it_o appear_v to_o have_v be_v a_o treble_a row_n of_o stone_n circular_o place_v one_o within_o another_o and_o rear_v straight_o up_o on_o end_n notwithstanding_o they_o be_v of_o a_o prodigious_a bigness_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 28_o foot_n long_o for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o 7_o foot_n broad_a beside_o other_o of_o a_o vast_a bulk_n though_o not_o so_o big_a as_o the_o upright_a one_o which_o lie_v overthwart_o from_o one_o to_o another_o and_o be_v fasten_v with_o tenent_n and_o mortis_fw-la but_o the_o form_n of_o this_o wonderful_a structure_n be_v very_o much_o deface_v some_o of_o the_o great_a stone_n be_v either_o fall_v or_o recline_v towards_o the_o ground_n and_o many_o of_o the_o overthwart_a stone_n be_v fall_v how_o such_o huge_a stone_n can_v be_v bring_v thither_o by_o who_o and_o upon_o what_o occasion_n be_v dispute_v by_o writer_n the_o most_o that_o have_v be_v say_v on_o this_o subject_n be_v write_v by_o mr._n inigo_n jones_n surveyor_n general_n to_o king_n james_n and_o his_o late_a majesty_n king_n charles_n the_o first_o and_o dr._n charleton_n both_o various_a and_o oft_o time_n contrary_a in_o their_o opinion_n and_o possible_o neither_o of_o they_o altogether_o in_o the_o right_n about_o half_a a_o dozen_o mile_n further_o on_o the_o plain_a towards_o hungerford_n i_o have_v observe_v nor_o do_v i_o remember_v it_o to_o have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o any_o one_o else_o a_o stone_n of_o a_o great_a bulk_n 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politic_a what_o exercise_n be_v to_o the_o body_n natural_a viz._n prosperity_n to_o the_o one_o health_n and_o soundness_n to_o the_o other_o ildleness_n be_v alike_o pernicious_a to_o both_o and_o cause_v to_o both_o alike_a debauchery_n of_o manner_n distemper_n and_o beggary_n there_o be_v few_o nation_n in_o europe_n as_o well_o a_o mother_n part_n of_o the_o world_n wherein_o some_o particular_a town_n be_v not_o particular_o eminent_a for_o some_o or_o other_o manufacture_n as_o in_o andalusia_n a_o province_n of_o spain_n corduba_n for_o the_o curious_a dress_n of_o leather_n which_o be_v thence_o call_v cordovan-leather_n in_o biscaia_n bilboa_n for_o the_o make_n of_o excellent_a temper_a blade_n faenza_n in_o italy_n for_o fine_a earthen_a ware_n venice_n for_o that_o rare_a sort_n of_o drink_v glass_n which_o be_v thence_o call_v venice-glass_n which_o art_n of_o glass-making_a be_v by_o a_o late_a discovery_n from_o thence_o improve_v to_o a_o very_a great_a height_n in_o 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and_o
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the_o engine_n for_o scale-board_n one_o ross_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v the_o first_o that_o make_v bandore_n in_o england_n and_o to_o this_o day_n that_o call_v the_o ross_n viol._n be_v account_v the_o choice_a of_o all_o other_o viol_n the_o ancient_a way_n among_o we_o of_o keep_v account_n be_v by_o tally_n and_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n and_o on_o some_o occasion_n retain_v to_o this_o day_n the_o most_o considerable_a instance_n be_v in_o the_o tally_n of_o the_o exchequer_n and_o not_o only_o common_a account_n but_o the_o account_n of_o time_n and_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o sun_n moon_n and_o other_o planet_n ancient_o in_o some_o part_n of_o derbyshire_n and_o some_o say_v staffordshire_n also_o be_v usual_o notch_v and_o mark_v out_o upon_o a_o piece_n of_o wood._n this_o sort_n of_o calender-log_n or_o wooden_a almanac_n have_v scarce_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o till_o of_o late_a and_o now_o some_o few_o there_o be_v who_o understand_v the_o way_n of_o it_o the_o only_a one_o i_o have_v see_v of_o they_o be_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o mr._n john_n bagford_n a_o searcher_n into_o antiquity_n art_n and_o ingenuity_n much_o above_o what_o may_v be_v expect_v from_o one_o of_o his_o education_n and_o literature_n a_o engine_n for_o clock-wheel_n be_v invent_v about_o a_o hundred_o year_n since_o a_o engine_n for_o the_o speedy_a cut_v down_o of_o wheel_n for_o watch_n forty_o year_n ago_o none_o now_o make_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n a_o engine_n for_o draw_v of_o pinion_v wire_n of_o steel_n for_o watch_n about_o ten_o year_n ago_o mr._n tomakee_n about_o ten_o year_n since_o be_v famous_a for_o make_v chain_n for_o watch_n especial_o as_o be_v the_o first_o his_o wife_n live_v in_o rose_n street_n near_o long_a acre_n other_o late_a invention_n there_o be_v not_o unworthy_a to_o be_v mention_v a_o engine_n for_o rase_v of_o glass_n a_o engine_n for_o spin_v of_o glass_n the_o engine_n for_o cut_v tobacco_n the_o rolling_n press_n for_o print_v off_o from_o copper_n plate_n damask_n linen_n and_o the_o water_v of_o silk_n the_o way_n of_o separate_a gold_n from_o silver_n enamel_n in_o gold_n silver_n and_o brass_n bolt_v mill_n dark_a lantern_n the_o trumpet-maker_n trade_n cane-chair_n a_o choice_a way_n of_o colour_v use_v by_o bookbinders_a boil_v of_o whalebone_n make_v of_o hornware_a periwig_n woman_n mask_n busk_n and_o fan_n and_o muff_n be_v say_v to_o have_v come_v in_o here_o about_o the_o time_n of_o the_o paris-massacre_n the_o first_o pair_n of_o black_a silk_n stocking_n in_o england_n present_v to_o queen_n elizabeth_n anno_fw-la 1660._o sir_n walter_n raleigh_n repute_v by_o some_o the_o first_o improver_n of_o our_o late_a model_n of_o ship_n the_o best_a saddle-tree_n be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v at_o burford_n in_o oxfordshire_n and_o some_o part_n of_o the_o north_n of_o england_n the_o best_a riding-whip_n at_o st_n edmundbury_n in_o suffolk_n beside_o the_o fire-engin_n above_o mention_v there_o be_v late_o bring_v into_o use_v a_o portable_a one_o of_o extraordinary_a advantage_n in_o regard_n it_o be_v capable_a of_o be_v direct_v into_o any_o particular_a room_n or_o chamber_n finis_fw-la the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o england_n relate_v to_o its_o trade_n and_o commerce_n within_o itself_o and_o with_o all_o country_n trade_v to_o by_o the_o english_a as_o it_o be_v find_v at_o this_o day_n establish_v give_v a_o most_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o merchant_n relate_v to_o bill_n of_o exchange_n policy_n of_o insurance_n fraight_n bottomery_n wreck_n averidge_n contribution_n custom_n coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o all_o other_o matter_n relate_v to_o inland_n and_o marine_a affair_n to_o which_o be_v likewise_o add_v england_n guide_n to_o industry_n or_o improvement_n of_o trade_n for_o the_o good_a of_o all_o people_n in_o general_n write_a by_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n london_n print_v by_o r._n holt_n for_o william_n whirwood_n near_o the_o george_n inn_n in_o little_a britain_n 1683._o to_o the_o reader_n reader_n wonder_v not_o that_o i_o present_v you_o with_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o present_a state_n of_o this_o famous_a and_o flourish_a island_n the_o which_o though_o it_o have_v be_v already_o large_o discourse_v on_o in_o the_o former_a part_n yet_o it_o yield_v such_o variety_n if_o consider_v aright_o in_o its_o several_a capacity_n that_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o ingratitude_n to_o pass_v over_o in_o silence_n the_o material_a part_n of_o its_o glory_n which_o have_v of_o late_o render_v the_o british_a empire_n famous_a throughout_o the_o know_a world_n and_o cause_v the_o barbarous_a nation_n with_o admiration_n to_o bless_v our_o happy_a shore_n and_o those_o who_o industry_n have_v render_v the_o commodity_n of_o this_o island_n natural_a growth_n valuable_a as_o the_o gold_n of_o peru_n jemms_n of_o india_n spice_n of_o arabia_n or_o silk_n and_o golden_a woof_n of_o persia_n no_o nation_n be_v there_o which_o the_o sun_n be_v large_a eye_n behold_v that_o ever_o hear_v of_o rich_a albion_n but_o be_v desirous_a to_o have_v correspondence_n with_o her_o merchant_n and_o as_o from_o the_o store-house_n of_o the_o western_a world_n covet_v a_o supply_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o use_n of_o man_n in_o lieu_n whereof_o the_o pregnant_a quarter_n of_o the_o earth_n vast_a globe_n send_v we_o yearly_a tribute_n of_o all_o that_o can_v contribute_v to_o our_o temporal_a happiness_n then_o take_v it_o not_o amiss_o if_o after_o long_a experience_n i_o have_v venture_v to_o unlock_v this_o cabinet_n of_o rarity_n and_o expose_v it_o to_o the_o public_a view_n which_o nought_o but_o envy_n have_v the_o power_n to_o shut_v and_o sure_a that_o can_v be_v conceive_v in_o any_o english_a breast_n to_o stifle_v that_o who_o hugh_a aim_n be_v at_o the_o public_a good_a or_o if_o those_o of_o other_o nation_n be_v ashamed_a to_o see_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o native_a soil_n so_o far_o eclipse_v by_o we_o shall_v endeavour_v it_o yet_o let_v they_o know_v therein_o they_o wrong_v themselves_o by_o repine_v at_o the_o light_n which_o like_o a_o favourable_a guide_n to_o a_o lose_a traveller_n will_v put_v they_o in_o the_o right_a way_n to_o imitate_v that_o which_o through_o want_n of_o better_a experience_n and_o insight_n they_o emulate_v yet_o if_o any_o such_o this_o age_n produce_v it_o matter_n not_o i_o refer_v this_o work_n to_o stand_v or_o fall_v by_o the_o approbation_n of_o my_o judicious_a countryman_n for_o who_o sole_a benefit_n it_o be_v compile_v by_o he_o who_o be_v reader_n you_o to_o command_v j._n s._n a_o table_n of_o the_o content_n of_o the_o original_a of_o trade_n its_o increase_n and_o the_o method_n to_o bring_v it_o to_o its_o present_a perfection_n etc._n etc._n chap._n 1_o of_o the_o
trade_v to_o spain_n be_v incorporate_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n 6._o the_o east-india_n merchant_n be_v incorporate_v by_o queen_n elizabeth_n anno_fw-la 1600._o from_o which_o time_n they_o have_v continual_o inprove_v their_o trade_n in_o those_o remote_a part_n of_o the_o world_n be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o wealthy_a corporation_n in_o europe_n their_o first_o rise_n be_v by_o employ_v a_o joint-stock_n to_o build_v ship_n of_o which_o now_o they_o have_v store_n and_o so_o themselves_o in_o imitation_n of_o the_o porteguese_n and_o other_o industrious_a people_n trade_v to_o the_o indies_n and_o soon_o find_v the_o advantage_n by_o bring_v home_o the_o same_o commodity_n which_o we_o before_o be_v behold_v to_o stranger_n for_o at_o second_o hand_n and_o dear_a rate_n 7._o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o king_n james_n the_o eastland_n greenland_n and_o french_a merchant_n be_v settle_v in_o company_n and_o trade_a with_o great_a success_n building_n many_o ship_n and_o continual_o employ_v some_o thousand_o of_o person_n in_o the_o management_n of_o their_o affair_n export_v commodity_n of_o our_o growth_n and_o bring_v in_o those_o of_o the_o growth_n of_o other_o country_n 8._o there_o be_v likewise_o a_o company_n of_o virginia_n or_o west-india_n merchant_n who_o industry_n have_v much_o improve_v our_o colony_n in_o america_n and_o advance_v the_o king_n revenue_n in_o his_o custom_n twenty_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la which_o trade_n into_o those_o part_n have_v and_o daily_o will_v increase_v and_o turn_v to_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o nation_n and_o be_v a_o mean_n of_o make_v further_a discovery_n in_o those_o vast_a sea_n in_o which_o lie_v hide_v past_o doubt_n many_o fair_a island_n if_o not_o continent_n as_o rich_a as_o those_o which_o yield_v the_o spaniard_n yearly_o so_o many_o million_o of_o ducat_n in_o gold_n over_o and_o bar_n of_o silver_n these_o and_o other_o trader_n in_o remote_a part_n make_v england_n flourish_n and_o stand_v the_o envy_n of_o her_o neighbour_n nation_n there_o be_v likewise_o the_o guinnie_n and_o barbary_n company_n both_o rich_a in_o ship_n and_o merchandise_n have_v since_o their_o incorporation_n get_v great_a esteem_n and_o much_o improve_v navigation_n and_o now_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o constitution_n and_o settlement_n of_o those_o in_o general_a that_o drive_v on_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n before_o i_o launch_v into_o the_o ocean_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o other_o country_n or_o to_o describe_v their_o trade_n and_o traffic_n i_o shall_v expose_v to_o public_a view_n the_o commodity_n of_o my_o native_a country_n with_o all_o the_o island_n and_o dominion_n that_o surround_v it_o viz._n such_o â—s_n be_v subject_a to_o the_o british_a sceptre_n as_o also_o in_o due_a place_n and_o order_n as_o also_o of_o â—he_n currant_n coin_n the_o weight_n measure_n and_o such_o other_o matter_n relate_v to_o commerce_n as_o be_v available_a to_o the_o compile_n of_o this_o treatise_n and_o first_o of_o engâ—and_n and_o wales_n chap._n iu._n of_o england_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o general_n and_o particular_a with_o a_o survey_n of_o all_o the_o measure_n weight_n currant_n coin_n inland_a commerce_n and_o what_o tend_v to_o navigation_n a_o description_n of_o the_o most_o material_a county_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o wales_n in_o general_n england_n the_o head_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n be_v in_o every_o place_n so_o admirable_a abound_v with_o plenty_n that_o to_o describe_v she_o in_o every_o part_n of_o her_o trade_n and_o beautiful_a situation_n will_v exact_v a_o large_a volume_n therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o in_o brief_a expose_v to_o view_v what_o be_v most_o material_a as_o to_o my_o purpose_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o cornwell_n as_o be_v the_o remote_a of_o the_o english_a county_n or_o province_n though_o it_o be_v in_o itself_o in_o many_o place_n to_o appearance_n a_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a country_n yet_o do_v it_o produce_v rich_a mine_n of_o tinn_n which_o bring_v to_o perfection_n be_v of_o great_a esteem_n in_o all_o country_n with_o it_o there_o be_v also_o dig_a gold_n and_o silver_n though_o hardly_o worth_a refine_n the_o earth_n not_o have_v heat_n enough_o to_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n there_o be_v find_v likewise_o a_o stone_n transparent_a natural_o form_v in_o angle_n and_o point_n like_o a_o diamond_n which_o be_v it_o not_o so_o common_a may_v merit_v high_a esteem_n on_o that_o coast_n herring_n and_o pilchard_n be_v take_v in_o great_a number_n which_o not_o only_o sustain_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o be_v dry_v prove_v good_a merchandise_n in_o spain_n france_n flanders_n and_o italy_n the_o sea_n coast_n be_v adorn_v with_o many_o town_n of_o which_o falmouth_n be_v chief_a be_v capable_a of_o receive_v many_o vessel_n nor_o be_v st._n ives_n of_o less_o note_n yield_v great_a store_n of_o fish_n not_o reckon_v less_o yearly_a than_o four_o or_o five_o thousand_o hogshead_n of_o pilchard_n and_o five_o hundred_o barrel_n of_o herring_n beside_o some_o tun_n of_o congerdoust_n &_o great_a store_n of_o ray-fish_n which_o employ_v some_o hundred_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o enable_v they_o to_o provide_v plentiful_o for_o their_o family_n and_o reserve_v as_o the_o old_a say_n be_v a_o penny_n against_o a_o rainy_a day_n these_o commodity_n viz._n pilchard_n be_v vend_v by_o the_o hogshead_n four_o of_o they_o make_v a_o tun_n as_o likewise_o by_o the_o thousand_o they_o allow_v twelve_o hundred_o small_a tale_n to_o the_o thousand_o and_o a_o barrel_n of_o herring_n common_o thirty_o gallon_n be_v sell_v to_o the_o merchant_n for_o eighteen_o shilling_n twenty_o shilling_n or_o according_a as_o the_o fish_n season_n be_v propitious_a congerdoust_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o kintale_n viz._n one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n to_o the_o kintale_n ray-fish_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n sell_v fresh_a and_o that_o by_o the_o dozen_o at_o two_o shilling_n four_o penny_n two_o shilling_n six_o penny_n and_o sometime_o three_o shilling_n per_n dozen_o but_o their_o dozen_o be_v extraordinary_a large_a they_o allow_v sometime_o sixty_o to_o the_o dozen_o but_o sometime_o less_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n their_o weight_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n according_a to_o the_o slander_n their_o yard_n and_o ell_n equal_a to_o those_o of_o london_n their_o bushel_n for_o grain_n and_o salt_n import_v contain_v twenty_o eight_o gallon_n water_n measure_n and_o so_o proportionable_a the_o great_a or_o the_o lesser_a measure_n but_o their_o bushel_n use_v in_o public_a market_n for_o corn_n be_v but_o twenty_o gallon_n their_o gallon_n agree_v with_o the_o winchester_n gallon_n the_o baker_n in_o those_o part_n be_v but_o few_o and_o the_o most_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o be_v salt_n ten_o thousand_o bushel_n be_v yearly_o spend_v in_o cure_v their_o fish_n the_o manner_n of_o take_v pilchard_n and_o herring_n be_v with_o net_n but_o the_o ray-fish_n with_o hook_n the_o first_o be_v fish_v for_o from_o the_o first_o of_o july_n till_o the_o first_o of_o january_n the_o second_o from_o michalemass_n till_o christmas_n and_o the_o three_o and_o last_o only_o in_o the_o prime_n of_o summer_n sixty_o boat_n and_o about_o four_o hundred_o man_n be_v employ_v therein_o devonshire_n be_v no_o less_o rich_a in_o vein_n of_o tin_n adorn_v it_o be_v with_o many_o town_n and_o good_a havens_n as_o exon_n dartmouth_n and_o plymouth_n the_o latter_a famous_a for_o produce_v the_o worthy_a sr._n francis_n drake_n the_o seaport_n as_o the_o former_a most_o subsist_v by_o fishery_n dorsetshire_n abound_v in_o cattle_n fertile_a pasture_n and_o linen_n manufacture_n it_o be_v chief_a town_n be_v dorchester_n and_o waymouth_n somersetshire_n be_v famous_a for_o the_o many_o trade_n place_n contain_v in_o its_o circuit_n but_o especial_o in_o bristol_n the_o second_o city_n of_o england_n for_o naval_a commerce_n as_o be_v store_v with_o merchant_n trade_n into_o most_o part_n of_o the_o know_a world_n it_o abound_v in_o riches_n and_o the_o county_n no_o less_o in_o corn_n cattle_n wool_n woollen_a cloth_n serges_n and_o other_o valuable_a commodity_n which_o they_o trade_v withal_o to_o other_o adjacent_a county_n darbyshire_n the_o head_n of_o which_o be_v the_o town_n of_o derby_n abound_v in_o plenty_n of_o corn_n leaden_a mine_n and_o other_o mineral_n wiltshire_n be_v a_o inland_a county_n but_o the_o people_n frugal_n and_o industrious_a their_o chief_a commodity_n be_v woollen-cloth_n which_o be_v disperse_v all_o over_o england_n and_o bring_v they_o a_o good_a return_n maintain_v at_o least_o three_o thousand_o person_n in_o card_v spine_a weave_a shear_a dress_n and_o the_o like_a the_o head_n of_o this_o county_n be_v salisbury_n
of_o sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o be_v call_v garbel_n by_o reason_n a_o draught_n or_o waste_v be_v allow_v to_o every_o weigh_v seven_o pound_n of_o this_o weight_n be_v account_v to_o weigh_v a_o gallon_n of_o wheat_n and_o so_o multiply_v to_o fifty_o six_o pound_n the_o bushel_n seven_o pound_n averdupois_n be_v one_o hundred_o and_o two_o ounce_n of_o troy_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v account_v that_o a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n must_v weigh_v one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n and_o a_o quarter_n four_o hundred_o forty_o eight_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o so_o consequent_o fourteen_o pound_n averdupois_n be_v sixteen_o pound_n eleven_o ounce_n troy_n and_o as_o one_o penny_n sterling_n be_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n troy_n so_o seven_o pound_n twelve_o shilling_n sterling_n be_v eighty_o four_o ounce_n a_o half_a and_o two_o penny_n weight_n of_o troy_n and_o six_o pound_n eight_o shilling_n sterling_a be_v eighty_o two_o pound_n ¾_n ounce_n and_o one_o penny_n weight_n and_o from_o these_o two_o be_v the_o weight_n of_o household_n wheaten_n and_o white_a bread_n calculate_v the_o weigh_v of_o cheese_n be_v by_o averdupois_n and_o run_v thus_o the_o weigh_v of_o cheese_n one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o the_o two_o hundred_o contain_v two_o hundred_o twenty_o four_o pound_n consist_v of_o thirty_o four_o clove_n every_o clove_n be_v seven_o pound_n the_o weigh_v of_o suffolk_n cheese_n be_v two_o hundred_o fifty_o six_o and_o the_o weigh_v of_o essex_n cheese_n three_o hundred_o thirty_o six_o pound_n averdupois_n a_o sack_n of_o wool_n be_v account_v three_o hundred_o fifty_o four_o pound_n averdupois_n two_o weigh_v of_o wool_n make_v a_o sack_n and_o two_o sack_n a_o last_o the_o last_o of_o herring_n be_v ten_o thousand_o every_o one_o thousand_o to_o contain_v ten_o hundred_o and_o every_o hundred_o sixscore_o that_o be_v before_o they_o be_v barrel_v lead_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o fodder_n contain_v nineteen_o hundred_o and_o ½_o at_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o per_fw-la cent_n averdupois_n this_o weight_n likewise_o of_o sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n be_v make_v three_o several_a quintars_n for_n weigh_v several_a sort_n of_o merchandise_n the_o first_o be_v of_o fivescore_o pound_n just_a to_o the_o hundred_o and_o call_v one_o hundred_o sutle_n whereby_o fine_a commodity_n as_o spice_n drug_n and_o the_o like_a be_v sell_v which_o be_v account_v by_o the_o pound_n and_o to_o which_o over_o and_o above_o be_v allow_v by_o the_o seller_n four_o pound_n upon_o one_o hundred_o and_o four_o pound_n take_v from_o the_o overplus_n derive_v from_o the_o weight_n of_o antwerp_n for_o spice_n and_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o tret_n the_o second_o of_o the_o quintars_n be_v one_o hundred_v and_o twelve_o viz_o fivescore_o and_o twelve_o to_o the_o hundred_o by_o which_o all_o gross_a commodity_n be_v weigh_v the_o three_o be_v sixscore_a to_o the_o hundred_o by_o which_o tinn_n be_v weigh_v to_o his_o majesty_n farmer_n and_o some_o other_o few_o commodity_n and_o be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o stannery_n hundred_o from_o this_o averdupois_n weight_n by_o division_n the_o weight_n call_v the_o stone_n which_o be_v twofold_a the_o long_a and_o the_o short_a the_o long_o be_v account_v four_o pound_n averdupois_n and_o the_o short_a eight_o but_o in_o this_o there_o be_v no_o certainty_n for_o it_o differ_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o county_n and_o market_n there_o be_v a_o other_o thing_n in_o use_n call_v a_o tod_n some_o place_n seven_o pound_n other_o eight_z and_o some_o again_o ten_o be_v altogether_o variable_a they_o have_v likewise_o a_o clove_n of_o twenty_o pound_n twenty_o eight_o pound_n thirty_o two_o pound_n and_o the_o like_a there_o be_v likewise_o in_o most_o market_n for_o weigh_v of_o flesh_n stillyards_n use_v but_o without_o the_o approbation_n of_o the_o buyer_n they_o be_v unintelligible_a to_o many_o and_o oftentimes_o false_a first_o invent_v for_o the_o weigh_v hay_n and_o straw_n for_o which_o use_v indeed_o they_o be_v only_o proper_a averdupois_n consist_v of_o sixteen_o ounce_n every_o ounce_n consist_v of_o eight_o dram_fw-la and_o every_o dram_n of_o sixty_o grain_n so_o that_o by_o it_o the_o raw-silk_n of_o persia_n and_o turkey_n be_v sell_v but_o then_o twenty_o four_o ounce_n be_v allow_v to_o the_o pound_n or_o a_o pound_n and_o a_o half_a etc._n etc._n thus_o have_v distinguish_v these_o weight_n which_o be_v of_o such_o use_n in_o this_o nation_n it_o be_v not_o amiss_o that_o i_o show_v you_o what_o accord_n the_o one_o hundred_o and_o twelve_o pound_n suttle_n have_v with_o other_o nation_n and_o place_n of_o traffic_n as_o for_o the_o equality_n of_o weight_n though_o they_o differ_v in_o number_n in_o europe_n it_o agree_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o mersella_n the_o venetia_n sotile_n the_o venetia_n gross_n sicilia_n lisbon_n florence_n anvers_n lion_n sevil_n dantzick_n bruges_n in_o africa_n and_o asia_n with_o the_o weight_n of_o aleppo_n aleppo_n tripoli_n syria_n tripoli_n barbaria_n alexandrio-zera_n alexandria_n forfar_n forfar_n scio_fw-la constantinople_n rhodes_n acria_n babylon_n balsola_n and_o ormus_n and_o thus_o you_o see_v reader_n the_o industry_n and_o improvement_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n which_o now_o i_o must_v leave_v and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o scotland_n chap._n viii_o a_o view_n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o in_o general_n together_o with_o the_o coin_n custom_n and_o increase_v of_o that_o ancient_a kingdom_n scotland_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o continue_v a_o distinct_a kingdom_n for_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n even_o till_o the_o happy_a union_n by_o king_n james_n and_o indeed_o do_v yet_o in_o most_o thing_n unless_o the_o prerogative_n royal_a be_v think_v worthy_a to_o be_v treat_v of_o separate_o though_o indeed_o the_o north_n part_n of_o britain_n and_o only_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n salway_n and_o the_o cheviot-hill_n it_o be_v chief_a city_n be_v edenburg_n which_o contain_v the_o king_n palace_n the_o court_n of_o justice_n &_o consist_v of_o one_o great_a street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n into_o which_o all_o the_o petty_a street_n and_o lane_n open_a the_o next_o chief_a city_n and_o town_n be_v glasgow_n the_o see_v of_o a_o archbishop_n and_o a_o university_n st._n andrews_n sterling_n perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n st._n john_n town_n etc._n etc._n the_o currant_n money_n consist_v of_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o be_v as_o follow_v piece_n of_o twenty_o two_o shilling_n sterling_a piece_n of_o eleven_o shilling_n sterling_a piece_n of_o five_o shilling_n six_o penny_n sterling_a piece_n of_o two_o shilling_n nine_o penny_n sterling_a piece_n of_o four_o shilling_n four_o penny_n â…œ_n sterling_n piece_n of_o one_o shilling_n one_o half_a penny_n sterling_n piece_n of_o nine_o shilling_n six_o penny_n be_v â…”_n of_o the_o thirteen_o penny_n half_a penny_n one_o mark_n piece_n of_o four_o penny_n half_a penny_n sterling_n but_o note_v that_o thirteen_o penny_n half_a penny_n sterling_n be_v account_v a_o scotch_a mark_n or_o thirteen_o shilling_n four_o penny_n scotch_a sixpence_n three-farthing_n a_o scotch_a noble_a account_v six_o shilling_n and_o eight_o penny_n twenty_o penny_n sterling_a be_v account_v a_o mark_n and_o a_o half_a scotch_a or_o one_o pound_n scotch_a of_o twenty_o shilling_n sterling_n be_v eighteen_o scotch_a mark_n so_o that_o stranger_n unacquainted_a with_o their_o money_n hear_v they_o discourse_n about_o it_o think_v they_o far_o rich_a than_o they_o be_v they_o have_v other_o piece_n of_o copper_n money_n of_o small_a value_n as_o babaes_n bodles_n hard_a head_n and_o the_o like_a but_o indeed_o they_o have_v principal_o the_o money_n of_o england_n which_o be_v currant_n in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o of_o late_o have_v abound_v in_o silver_n the_o chief_a commodity_n of_o the_o country_n be_v cloth_n freeze_v fish_n hides_n salt_n lead_v over_o tallow_n grain_n of_o all_o sort_n feather_n iron_n alum_n seacole_n common_o call_v scotch-coal_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n viz._n the_o highland_n and_o lowland_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o sherifdom_n and_o fife_n they_o have_v a_o exchange_n in_o imitation_n of_o â—urs_n at_o london_n but_o especial_o use_v for_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n with_o england_n the_o keep_n of_o their_o account_n divers_a way_n some_o keep_v they_o according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o england_n other_o according_a to_o the_o ancient_a use_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n which_o be_v in_o mark_n valuable_a as_o aforesaid_a their_o weight_n for_o weigh_v merchandise_n be_v but_o one_o and_o with_o that_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n it_o contain_v sixteen_o ounce_n to_o the_o pound_n and_o one_o hundred_o of_o those_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o in_o england_n be_v one_o
weigh_v all_o their_o gross_a commodity_n use_v troy_n only_o for_o silk_n gold_n and_o silver_n their_o measure_n be_v likewise_o consistent_a with_o we_o their_o chief_a merchandise_n consist_v in_o hog_n ox_n fish_n flower_n pease_n kell_n or_o rice_n biscuit_n beaver_n muskat_n skin_n otter_n pipe-stave_n mast_n and_o the_o like_a and_o some_o tobacco_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v in_o exchange_n english_a linen_n and_o woollen-cloth_n iron-tool_n stocking_n shoe_n thread_n button_n ribbon_n lead_v pater_fw-la tinn_n small_a ordnance_n gunpowder_n shot_n strong_a water_n wine_n oil_n fruit_n salt_n and_o the_o like_a not_o take_v any_o custom_n for_o aught_o import_v except_o wine_n and_o strong_a water_n and_o for_o that_o not_o above_o 30_o or_o 40_o shilling_n per_fw-la tun_n consolage_n they_o take_v none_o their_o factorage_n be_v from_o 5_o to_o 10_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o sail_n and_o return_n only_o and_o that_o not_o fix_v but_o as_o the_o trader_n and_o the_o factor_n can_v agree_v sugar_n they_o have_v likewise_o which_o they_o sell_v in_o cask_n and_o have_v not_o many_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o plantation_n their_o chief_a fish_n consist_v in_o dry_a cod_n and_o poor_a jack_n which_o every_o spring_n and_o fall_v they_o take_v by_o hook_n and_o sell_v by_o the_o quintal_n or_o hundred_o weight_n each_o for_o 28._o or_o 30_o royal_n sometime_o more_o though_o sometime_o they_o barrel_n they_o up_o their_o freight_v per_fw-mi tun_n from_o thence_o to_o london_n be_v 3_o pound_n 3_o pound_n 10_o shilling_n and_o sometime_o 4_o pound_n they_o have_v likewise_o a_o office_n of_o assurance_n now_o much_o in_o request_n both_o by_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o such_o as_o trade_n thither_o and_o thus_o much_o for_o new-england_n chap._n xv._n a_o view_n of_o mary-land_n and_o of_o the_o custom_n and_o trade_n thereof_o maryland_n be_v upon_o the_o main_a continent_n of_o america_n be_v a_o english_a colony_n lie_v between_o 38_o and_o 40_o degree_n north_n latitude_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n by_o virginia_n and_o on_o the_o south_n by_o new-england_n the_o great_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n and_o on_o the_o west_n the_o river_n pattowmeck_n and_o be_v first_o a_o colony_n of_o english_a anno_fw-la 1633._o and_o for_o the_o better_a increase_n of_o trade_n tolerate_v the_o christian_a religion_n of_o what_o profession_n soever_o and_o be_v hold_v by_o a_o governor_n or_o proprietor_n in_o fee_n of_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n it_o abound_v with_o fair_a river_n store_v with_o fish_n and_o commodious_a for_o the_o receipt_n of_o ship_n the_o usual_a way_n of_o trading_n be_v good_n for_o good_n and_o the_o chief_a of_o their_o commodity_n be_v tobacco_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v consonant_a with_o those_o of_o england_n without_o any_o tret_n or_o over_o allowance_n some_o beaver_n otter_n and_o other_o fur_n they_o have_v which_o the_o english_a that_o trade_n thither_o purchase_v and_o the_o inhabitant_n receive_v they_o for_o tobacco_n and_o strong-water_n of_o the_o indian_n mulberry_n tree_n be_v there_o in_o abundance_n and_o some_o silk_n their_o custom_n or_o tax_n be_v but_o seldom_o take_v as_o to_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n the_o great_a abuse_n that_o merchant_n receive_v be_v the_o pack_v of_o tobacco_n which_o lose_v pack_v or_o either_o too_o dry_a or_o wet_v put_v up_o often_o deceive_v their_o expectation_n therefore_o the_o only_a way_n to_o discover_v such_o fraud_n be_v by_o weigh_v it_o a_o full_a hogshead_n well_o pack_v will_v hold_v 400_o weight_n and_o never_o less_o than_o 300._o for_o their_o commodity_n they_o receive_v cloath-hanging_n stuff_n all_o manner_n of_o iron-ware_n strong-water_n wine_n and_o the_o like_a and_o what_o they_o trade_n with_o the_o native_a indian_n for_o they_o deliver_v they_o coat_n common_o call_v match-coat_n make_v of_o coarse_a shagged-cloath_n dutch-duffields_a or_o english_a hogbays_n either_o red_a or_o blue_n the_o new_a netherlands_o a_o place_n situate_a in_o 41_o degree_n north_n latitude_n upon_o hudson_n river_n be_v inhabit_a by_o a_o colony_n of_o the_o dutch_a who_o have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o english_a trade_n with_o the_o native_n for_o beavor_n otter_n elk-skin_n bears-skin_n dear-skin_n and_o the_o like_a for_o which_o they_o deliver_v they_o iron_n instrument_n and_o shage_v cloth_n and_o sometime_o gun_n powder_n and_o rapier-blade_n the_o fatal_a execution_n of_o which_o they_o have_v twice_o feel_v by_o two_o massacree_n commit_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o indian_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o half_a their_o colony_n their_o chief_a town_n be_v new-amsterdam_n endow_v with_o many_o privilege_n as_o the_o old_a the_o better_a to_o draw_v people_n thither_o corterialis_n nurembega_n and_o nova_n francia_n be_v account_v mexican_n province_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n possess_v by_o the_o french_a and_o some_o few_o portugal_n their_o trade_n be_v small_a consist_v only_o of_o skin_n and_o fur_n estotiland_n or_o new-foundland_a discover_v 1527_o by_o the_o english_a in_o winter_n be_v so_o extreme_a cold_a that_o it_o be_v not_o inhabit_v but_o by_o some_o few_o native_n and_o all_o the_o advantage_n which_o indeed_o be_v considerable_a that_o the_o english_a reap_v thereby_o be_v their_o fish_n trade_n the_o fish_n in_o england_n be_v know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o newland_n fish_n and_o be_v take_v in_o such_o abundance_n that_o with_o they_o be_v furnish_v most_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o fish_n thus_o the_o ship_n sometime_o 40_o sail_n depart_v from_o our_o coast_n about_o the_o end_n of_o february_n and_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o april_n arrive_v there_o they_o unrigg_n their_o ship_n and_o go_v on_o shoar_n build_v hut_n and_o in_o shallop_n with_o hook_n and_o other_o tackle_n take_v sometime_o 30_o or_o 40_o great_a fish_n in_o a_o hour_n that_o be_v one_o shallop_n which_o they_o slit_v and_o dry_a upon_o rock_n and_o sandy-bank_n after_o which_o they_o salt_n they_o and_o in_o such_o manner_n continue_v till_o september_n when_o load_v with_o their_o fish_n they_o return_v and_o dispose_v of_o they_o in_o spain_n france_n and_o other_o place_n to_o good_a advantage_n sell_v they_o either_o by_o the_o hundred_o weight_n or_o by_o tail_n and_o many_o time_n they_o sell_v they_o before_o they_o have_v catch_v they_o that_o be_v bargain_n for_o the_o delivery_n of_o they_o when_o take_v and_o of_o late_a there_o be_v a_o art_n find_v of_o make_v oil_n common_o call_v new-land_n oil_n chap._n xvi_o a_o view_n of_o the_o peruanan_n province_n and_o of_o their_o trade_n and_o custom_n this_o south_n part_n of_o america_n be_v divide_v from_o the_o north_n part_n by_o the_o straits_n of_o darien_n a_o neck_n of_o land_n of_o 10_o mile_n over_o and_o consist_v of_o these_o pro-province_n viz._n castella-aurea_a guinnia_n peru_n brasilia_n and_o chile_n castilia_n aurea_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n that_o be_v find_v therein_o and_o be_v first_o discover_v by_o the_o spaniard_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v portabel_n and_o panama_n at_o which_o two_o place_n the_o viceroy_n make_v his_o residence_n as_o he_o see_v fit_a and_o at_o the_o latter_a of_o which_o the_o spanish_a plate-fleet_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v load_v it_o abound_v with_o stand_v pool_n and_o deep_a water_n and_o the_o chief_a commodity_n be_v spice_n drug_n gold_n ore_n and_o silver_n about_o it_o be_v several_a small_a island_n of_o which_o the_o chief_a be_v st._n antonio_n and_o st._n vincent_n situate_v against_o cape_n verd._n guinnia_n be_v situate_v under_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n be_v fruitful_a in_o all_o part_n abound_v with_o rate_n fruit_n and_o so_o encompass_v and_o branch_v with_o great_a river_n that_o in_o winter_n time_n many_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n dwell_v in_o tree_n for_o fear_n of_o inundation_n often_o cause_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o river_n of_o this_o country_n our_o famous_a sir_n walter_n reighley_n make_v the_o first_o effectual_a survey_n and_o give_v name_n to_o the_o great_a river_n arinoque_n call_v it_o ralinia_n a_o river_n navigable_a for_o 1000_o mile_n and_o for_o shallop_n and_o wherry_n 2000_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o this_o province_n be_v manoa_n otherwise_o call_v the_o golden_a city_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o gold_n that_o be_v find_v therein_o most_o of_o the_o trade_n consist_v of_o gold-ore_n peru_n be_v for_o gold_n the_o rich_a province_n of_o america_n the_o mine_n be_v more_o plentiful_a than_o mine_n of_o lead_n and_o iron_n in_o england_n and_o the_o riches_n thereof_o may_v be_v conjecture_v by_o this_o when_o piscario_n the_o spanish_a captain_n subdue_v it_o and_o take_v the_o king_n prisoner_n he_o propose_v his_o ransom_n and_o deliver_v to_o the_o treacherous_a spaniard_n upon_o solemn_a promise_n for_o his_o life_n and_o liberty_n as_o much_o refine_a gold_n and_o silver_n as_o amount_v to_o
the_o indian_n the_o latter_a be_v oblige_v to_o work_v for_o the_o former_a 3._o day_n in_o the_o week_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o america_n in_o particular_a and_o indeed_o in_o general_a for_o this_o new_a world_n as_o it_o be_v term_v yield_v little_o more_o than_o here_o i_o have_v set_v down_o and_o indeed_o in_o riches_n may_v compare_v with_o any_o of_o the_o other_o three_o part_n do_v the_o inhabitant_n know_v how_o to_o improve_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o island_n and_o continent_n according_o but_o indeed_o the_o spaniard_n possess_v the_o great_a part_n use_v their_o utmost_a diligence_n to_o keep_v out_o other_o nation_n and_o will_v instruct_v the_o native_n in_o nothing_o that_o be_v curious_a lest_o they_o shall_v leave_v off_o to_o labour_n in_o the_o mine_n but_o thus_o much_o concern_v america_n the_o custom_n situation_n and_o manner_n thereof_o in_o the_o exact_a method_n chap._n xvii_o a_o view_n of_o africa_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n custom_n trade_n weight_n measure_n coin_n and_o commodity_n thereof_o africa_n one_o of_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o world_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o south_n ocean_n and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o red-sea_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n a_o island_n be_v tie_v only_o to_o asia_n with_o a_o neck_n of_o land_n of_o 20_o league_n over_o and_o contain_v these_o province_n viz._n barbary_n numidia_n lybia_n negrita_n ethiopia_n interior_n and_o ethiopia_n exterior_a egypt_n and_o the_o island_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o account_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o principal_a city_n and_o town_n but_o especial_o from_o whence_o any_o commodity_n be_v bring_v and_o trade_v for_o by_o the_o english_a merchant_n i_o shall_v lay_v down_o as_o follow_v chap._n xviii_o a_o view_n of_o tunis_n the_o trade_n manner_n and_o custom_n thereof_o barbary_n be_v divide_v into_o four_o kingdom_n viz._n tunis_n argier_n fess_n and_o morocco_n i_o shall_v take_v they_o in_o order_n and_o first_o of_o tunis_n tunis_n be_v situate_a near_a unto_o the_o great_a lake_n which_o extend_v almost_o to_o the_o port_n of_o goletta_n and_o be_v found_v on_o the_o ruin_n of_o carthage_n be_v in_o compass_n within_o the_o wall_n 4_o mile_n and_o account_v the_o suburb_n 7_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o be_v very_o populous_a own_v for_o supreme_a lord_n the_o grand-signeour_n who_o govern_v it_o by_o a_o bassaw_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v mahumetan_n the_o house_n be_v build_v of_o square_a stone_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n flat_a a_o port_n it_o have_v large_a and_o commodious_a for_o ship_n their_o money_n in_o gold_n be_v most_o the_o spanish_a doller_n or_o royal_a the_o venice_n chiqeen_n the_o spanish_a pistolet_n which_o they_o pass_v from_o one_o to_o another_o at_o full_a value_n unless_o diminish_v or_o light_a weight_n in_o silver_n they_o have_v the_o spanish_a royal_a and_o the_o asper_n their_o account_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n keep_v in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o cantar_n of_o 100_o pound_n yet_o in_o weight_n be_v find_v to_o exceed_v our_o 112_o two_o pound_n each_o of_o their_o pound_n be_v divide_v into_o 16_o ounce_n and_o so_o into_o less_o by_o division_n viz._n each_o ounce_n into_o 8_o tamin_n and_o by_o this_o weight_n be_v all_o their_o merchandise_n weigh_v except_o silver_n gold_n pearl_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v weigh_v by_o a_o chariot_n weight_n which_o be_v half_a a_o ounce_n troy_n or_o mittagals_o much_o of_o the_o same_o proportion_n in_o weight_n of_o clove_n and_o nutmeg_n they_o allow_v 5_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n tret_fw-la or_o overplus_n beside_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o bag_n their_o measure_n for_o silk_n cloth_n and_o the_o like_a be_v the_o pike_n there_o be_v 3_o sort_n of_o they_o the_o first_o call_v the_o cloth_n pike_n be_v 26_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a english_a the_o second_o the_o grey_a which_o be_v a_o 16_o part_v less_o by_o which_o they_o measure_v silk_n satin_n velvet_n etc._n etc._n the_o three_o be_v the_o linen_n pike_n and_o be_v ¼_n part_v less_o than_o the_o silk_n pike_n their_o dry_a measure_n be_v the_o coffice_n contain_v about_o 10_o of_o our_o bushel_n the_o weab_n 18_o of_o which_o make_v a_o coffice_n and_o the_o see_v of_o which_o 12_o make_v a_o weab_n their_o liquid_a measure_n be_v the_o wine_n meeter_n and_o oil_n meeter_n the_o former_a be_v near_o 2_o english_a gallon_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o latter_a near_o 5._o the_o chief_a commodity_n be_v hide_n wax_n oil_n honey_n wool_n corn_n raisin_n date_n anniseed_n ostrich_n feather_n sponge_n lemon_n orange_n almond_n and_o olive_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v of_o such_o merchant_n as_o trade_n thither_o english_a and_o venice_n cloth_n lead_v deal-board_n shot_n perpetuano_n spanish_a wool_n tartar_n alum_n iron_n mad_a safaparilla_n pepper_n ginger_n safforn_n cinnamon_n nutmeg_n cocheneel_v gold_n thread_n sea-horse-teeth_n cotton_n yarn_n venice-pepper_n french-canvas_n gulmak_n damask_n sattain_n and_o the_o like_a their_o custom_n upon_o good_n import_v unless_o lead_v shot_n and_o iron_n be_v 9_o per_fw-la cent_n on_o the_o real_a value_n and_o before_o any_o good_n can_v be_v deliver_v a_o exact_a account_n must_v be_v take_v thereof_o by_o officer_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n other_o charge_n of_o good_n import_v beside_o freight_n of_o which_o no_o certainty_n be_v 8_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o viz._n 2_o per_fw-la cent_n consolage_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n provision_n and_o broakage_n and_o one_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o petty_a charge_n the_o custom_n on_o good_n that_o be_v export_v honey_n wax_n and_o wool_n liable_a to_o no_o custom_n except_v be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o counterban_n or_o good_n prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v be_v pease_n corn_n oil_n bean_n butter_n hony_n date_n etc._n etc._n though_o often_o a_o licence_n for_o export_v the_o same_o be_v secret_o procure_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o tunis_n in_o the_o description_n of_o which_o i_o have_v describe_v the_o trade_n of_o all_o the_o city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n as_o centre_v in_o this_o chap._n xix_o a_o view_n of_o argier_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n manner_n custom_n weight_n measure_n thereof_o and_o their_o way_n of_o divide_v prize_n and_o sell_v slave_n in_o the_o public_a market_n argier_n that_o piratical_a kingdom_n so_o dangerous_a to_o merchant_n trade_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a contain_v as_o her_o principal_a city_n argier_n and_o tremesin_n the_o former_a give_v name_n to_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v but_o small_a in_o compass_n the_o city_n of_o argier_n the_o common_a receptacle_n of_o turkish_a and_o moorish_a pirate_n be_v imagine_v to_o contain_v 90000_o soul_n in_o which_o there_o be_v several_a that_o protest_v against_o the_o thieve_v trade_n and_o hold_v some_o commerce_n with_o merchant_n of_o divers_a nation_n their_o chief_a commodity_n be_v oil_n almond_n rasin_n fig_n date_n castile-sope_n brass_n copper_n barbary_n horse_n ostrich_n feather_n honey_n wax_n and_o drug_n their_o coin_n be_v the_o double_a account_v of_o equal_a value_n with_o our_o 12_o penny_n or_o 2_o single_a spanish_a rial_n 4_o double_v be_v account_v a_o ryal_n and_o 8_o 8_o call_v by_o they_o the_o olian_a 5_o double_v and_o 35_o asper_n be_v a_o pistol_n spanish_n 7_o double_v be_v account_v a_o sultany_n or_o cheeque_fw-la of_o barbary_n gold_n and_o 50_o asper_n make_n a_o double_a and_o these_o be_v the_o currant_n monies_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o argier_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o rotolos_n or_o 100_o pound_n which_o make_v 120_o pound_n english_a the_o 10_o pound_n of_o the_o small_a make_v 6_o in_o gross_a some_o commodity_n they_o likewise_o weigh_v by_o the_o cantar_n as_o iron_n lead_v yarn_n wool_n which_o cantar_n be_v 150_o rotolos_n fig_n date_n soap_n butter_n etc._n etc._n be_v weigh_v by_o a_o cantar_n of_o 166_o rotolos_n almond_n cheese_n cotton_n etc._n etc._n they_o weigh_v by_o a_o cantar_n of_o 110_o rotolos_n brass_n copper_n wax_n and_o drug_n by_o a_o cantar_n of_o 100_o rotolos_n flax_n by_o a_o cantar_n of_o 200_o rotolos_n gold_n silver_n pearl_n and_o precious_a stone_n be_v weigh_v by_o the_o mittigal_a which_o be_v 72_o grain_n english_a and_o be_v worth_a 9_o double_v the_o sultany_n cheeque_n or_o hunger_n weigh_v 52_o grain_n english_a be_v equal_o value_v with_o angel_n gold_n and_o by_o the_o ounce_n troy_n in_o england_n be_v worth_a 3_o pound_n 11_o shilling_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v two_o picos_fw-la viz._n the_o turkish_a and_o the_o morisco_n picos_fw-la the_o former_a be_v divide_v into_o 16_o part_n and_o every_o â…›_n part_n be_v call_v a_o robe_n and_o be_v 131_o 1â—2_n part_n of_o the_o english_a yard_n and_o the_o custom_n
be_v a_o inch_n allowance_n to_o every_o yard_n and_o by_o these_o they_o measure_v silk_n woollen_a cloth_n and_o stuff_n the_o dry_a measure_n be_v a_o tarry_v which_o be_v well_o heap_v make_v 5_o gallon_n english_a and_o by_o this_o they_o measure_v salt_n corn_n and_o other_o commodity_n they_o make_v their_o account_n in_o double_v asper_n osians_n and_o sultany_n their_o custom_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o so_o in_o all_o other_o case_n as_o at_o tunis_n when_o any_o ship_n enter_v and_o cast_v anchor_n her_o sail_n or_o rudder_n be_v demand_v to_o prevent_v the_o pass_n off_o without_o pay_v such_o custom_n and_o then_o not_o to_o sail_v without_o leave_n from_o the_o duan_n which_o be_v the_o bashaw_n and_o his_o assembly_n who_o regulate_v all_o affair_n which_o be_v usual_o these_o to_o the_o kiffa_n 28_o double_v to_o his_o chiouse_a 4_o double_v to_o his_o almia_fw-la 8_o double_v to_o the_o bashaw_n sorman_n 2_o double_v to_o the_o draggerman_n 8_o double_v to_o the_o sackagy_a 8_o double_v and_o for_o the_o consul_n duty_n 24_o double_v the_o piratical_a trade_n be_v thus_o 2_o or_o more_o set_v out_o a_o vessel_n of_o prizage_n or_o free_a booty_n to_o prey_n upon_o merchant_n ship_n the_o which_o when_o they_o have_v take_v and_o bring_v into_o the_o port_n the_o owner_n divide_v the_o spoil_n by_o lot_n make_v the_o partition_n or_o dividend_n as_o even_o as_o possible_a as_o for_o the_o captive_n they_o do_v the_o like_a and_o if_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o odd_a man_n they_o either_o cast_v lot_n for_o he_o or_o sell_v he_o in_o the_o market_n and_o divide_v the_o money_n the_o manner_n of_o sell_v of_o they_o be_v to_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o market_n and_o place_v they_o in_o stall_n like_o beast_n where_o the_o buyer_n view_n and_o handle_v they_o but_o especial_o their_o hand_n by_o which_o he_o be_v satisfy_v whether_o they_o have_v be_v enure_v to_o labour_n or_o not_o as_o likewise_o in_o their_o mouth_n to_o see_v if_o they_o have_v good_a tooth_n to_o bite_v biscuit_n as_o hard_o as_o deal_v board_n and_o according_a to_o their_o youth_n healthy_a complexion_n and_o ability_n of_o body_n they_o go_v off_o to_o the_o buyer_n he_o be_v ever_o after_o acknowledge_v for_o their_o patron_n and_o thus_o much_o for_o this_o piratical_a government_n too_o well_o know_v to_o merchant_n and_o sailor_n who_o trade_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a chap._n xx._n a_o view_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o fess_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n custom_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n thereof_o this_o kingdom_n take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o metropolitan_a city_n viz._n the_o city_n fess_n be_v the_o goodly_a city_n in_o barbary_n adorn_v with_o 700._o mosch_n or_o temple_n of_o which_o 50_o be_v beautify_v with_o pillar_n jasper_n and_o alabaster_n the_o chief_a of_o which_o call_v carucen_n and_o seat_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o city_n contain_v a_o mile_n in_o compass_n consist_v of_o 190_o arch_n and_o be_v bear_v up_o by_o 2500_o marble_n pillar_n hang_v all_o about_o with_o silver_n lamp_n and_o have_v 31_o gate_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o porportionable_a and_o the_o city_n compute_v to_o contain_v 8600_o family_n the_o commodity_n in_o general_n be_v date_n almond_n fig_n rasin_n honey_n olive_n wax_v gold_n hides_n fur_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o cordivant_n skin_n cotton_n and_o wool_n very_o fine_a which_o be_v disperse_v into_o spain_n italy_n france_n and_o england_n and_o of_o late_a the_o inhabitant_n have_v find_v out_o the_o art_n of_o make_v cloth_n the_o principal_a money_n of_o this_o kingdom_n be_v the_o xerif_n or_o gold_n ducat_n and_o account_v worth_n 10_o shilling_n sterling_a and_o be_v divide_v into_o 8_o equal_a part_n the_o weight_n be_v two_o one_o use_v for_o weigh_v gross_a commodity_n call_v the_o rotolos_n 64_o of_o which_o be_v compute_v to_o balance_n our_o 100_o averdupois_n and_o 100_o rottolos_n go_v to_o the_o cantar_n the_o other_o be_v the_o mittigal_a use_v in_o weigh_v gold_n pearl_n silver_n musk_n and_o the_o like_a and_o agree_v with_o those_o of_o tunis_n and_o argier_n the_o long_a measure_n be_v the_o cavado_n of_o which_o 12_o be_v account_v to_o a_o cane_n and_o 181_o or_o 182_o cavado_n to_o make_v 100_o yard_n english_a the_o custom_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n to_o all_o stranger_n but_o to_o the_o native_n 2_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o for_o what_o soever_o they_o hand_n they_o must_v pay_v whether_o sell_v or_o not_o which_o make_v merchant_n sell_v their_o ware_n on_o shipboard_n for_o the_o most_o part_n where_o custom_n be_v pay_v only_o for_o what_o be_v sell_v and_o thus_o much_o for_o fess_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n xxi_o a_o view_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o morocco_n the_o trade_n currant_n coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o custom_n thereof_o this_o kingdom_n as_o the_o former_a take_v its_o name_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n and_o centre_n of_o its_o trade_n and_o be_v very_o beautiful_a though_o inferiors_n to_o fess_n in_o it_o be_v find_v a_o burse_n and_o exchange_n former_o much_o frequent_v by_o merchant_n but_o now_o for_o the_o most_o part_n take_v up_o by_o artisan_n the_o commodity_n vend_v there_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o of_o fess_n except_o sugar_n in_o which_o it_o more_o abound_v the_o coin_n be_v the_o xerif_n and_o ducat_n of_o gold_n value_v as_o those_o of_o fess_n the_o weight_n be_v 2_o several_a quintal_n the_o one_o agree_v with_o the_o canter_n of_o feeze_v and_o the_o other_o with_o the_o quintal_n of_o sevil_n and_o indeed_o in_o all_o thing_n according_a with_o fess_n as_o be_v now_o reduce_v under_o one_o government_n their_o religion_n if_o so_o it_o may_v be_v term_v be_v mahumetism_n and_o of_o late_o they_o have_v not_o any_o considerable_a trade_n with_o the_o english_a merchant_n tho_o it_o be_v not_o doubt_v but_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o league_n between_o his_o majesty_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o that_o emperor_n may_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o revive_v it_o as_o likewise_o to_o enrich_v our_o garrison_n of_o tangier_n by_o render_v it_o a_o public_a mart_n it_o be_v the_o key_n of_o barbary_n chap._n xxii_o a_o view_n of_o numidia_n and_o lybia_n and_o their_o province_n with_o the_o trade_n currant_n coin_n manner_n and_o custom_n nvmidia_fw-la be_v bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n with_o egypt_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mountain_n atlas_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o lybia_n the_o country_n on_o the_o north_n part_n abound_v with_o plenty_n but_o the_o south_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a heat_n be_v most_o desert_n the_o inhabitant_n build_v but_o few_o house_n but_o in_o great_a company_n pass_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o live_v sometime_o in_o wood_n sometime_o in_o cave_n according_a as_o heat_n and_o cold_a affect_v they_o the_o chief_a trade_n be_v among_o themselves_o for_o date_n hide_n fur_n and_o fruit_n of_o all_o sort_n cattle_n they_o have_v but_o have_v not_o the_o art_n of_o improve_n they_o their_o coin_n be_v few_o but_o those_o they_o have_v be_v of_o brass_n and_o silver_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n for_o the_o most_o part_n equallize_a those_o of_o fess_n and_o morocco_n though_o they_o be_v little_a in_o use_n few_o merchant_n trade_n with_o they_o lybia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o nilus_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o south_n with_o negrita_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o numidia_n and_o be_v barren_a for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o reason_n the_o heat_n be_v excessive_a their_o trade_n coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n be_v not_o worth_a mention_v by_o reason_n their_o commerce_n be_v little_a no_o merchant_n care_v to_o deal_v with_o the_o native_n they_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n savages_n chap._n ix_o a_o view_n of_o negrita_n or_o the_o land_n of_o negro_n with_o the_o trade_n currant_n coin_n weight_n measure_n and_o custom_n this_o province_n be_v inhabit_a with_o negro_n or_o blackamoor_n bound_v on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o atlantic_a ocean_n on_o the_o east_n with_o ethiopia_n superior_a on_o the_o south_n with_o manicongo_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o lybia_n contain_v a_o large_a tract_n of_o land_n and_o be_v fertilize_v by_o the_o overflow_a of_o the_o river_n niger_n or_o sanaga_n and_o be_v under_o the_o regency_n of_o 3_o king_n who_o have_v of_o late_o make_v 3_o kingdom_n of_o 5_o as_o tombutue_n berneo_n and_o gouga_n each_o have_v many_o famous_a havens_n commodious_a for_o ship_n the_o city_n tombutue_n from_o whence_o that_o kingdom_n have_v its_o name_n be_v situate_a beyond_o the_o river_n niger_n and_o be_v trade_v to_o by_o the_o english_a french_a and_o dutch_a and_o within_o four_o mile_n of_o it_o be_v
3_o chief_a scale_n of_o europe_n chap._n lxi_o a_o view_n of_o lisbon_n the_o metropolis_n of_o portugal_n of_o the_o trade_n growth_n weight_n measue_n coin_n and_o custom_n thereof_o lisbon_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n commodious_o seat_v upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tagus_n the_o city_n and_o suburb_n be_v 10_o mile_n in_o compass_n and_o not_o imagine_v to_o contain_v less_o than_o 38000._o family_n beautify_v with_o 67_o tower_n place_v upon_o the_o wall_n and_o 22_o gate_n all_o the_o house_n be_v build_v magnificent_a and_o indeed_o the_o people_n give_v to_o great_a industry_n but_o especial_o to_o navigation_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o many_o discovery_n they_o have_v make_v they_o be_v the_o first_o that_o discover_v the_o eastern_a tract_n even_o to_o the_o india_n and_o there_o by_o trade_n and_o force_v get_v foot_v and_o show_v the_o way_n to_o england_n and_o holland_n who_o have_v now_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n even_o to_o the_o great_a enrich_v either_o nation_n and_o of_o all_o the_o commodity_n bring_v from_o india_n and_o other_o part_n of_o the_o world_n by_o the_o portugal_n this_o city_n be_v the_o scale_n for_o hither_o come_v yearly_a the_o spice_n of_o arabia_n the_o silk_n of_o persia_n the_o rich_a commodity_n of_o china_n and_o the_o gold_n silver_n precious_a stone_n and_o spice_n of_o india_n and_o especial_o pearl_n the_o fishery_n thereof_o remain_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n of_o portugal_n which_o be_v bring_v to_o lisbon_n and_o afterward_o disperse_v throughout_o europe_n to_o this_o city_n flow_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o also_o that_o of_o spain_n from_o which_o kingdom_n it_o be_v now_o separate_v as_o former_o the_o weight_n of_o this_o city_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v principal_o the_o small_a and_o the_o great_a cantars_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v divide_v into_o 4_o rove_n and_o each_o rove_n contain_v 32_o real_n which_o be_v 128_o pound_n at_o 14_o ounce_n per_fw-la pound_n and_o of_o florence_n weight_n be_v compute_v 149_o pound_n their_o small_a quintar_n for_o pepper_n and_o ginger_n be_v between_o 110_o and_o 112_o pound_n english_a the_o rove_n or_o quartern_a be_v 27_o ½_o and_o sometime_o 27_o â—_o 4_o pound_n but_o the_o great_a quintal_n be_v 15_o or_o 16_o per_fw-la cent_n more_o than_o our_o 112_o pound_n the_o quintar_n common_o call_v the_o king_n be_v quintar_n use_v in_o his_o contractation_n house_n for_o weigh_v the_o spice_n and_o drug_n of_o india_n be_v 114_o pound_n english_a and_o the_o great_a cantar_n of_o lisbon_n be_v most_o compute_v 130_o pound_n english_a etc._n etc._n the_o measure_n of_o length_n use_v in_o this_o city_n be_v the_o coveda_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o english_a yard_n and_o the_o ware_n which_o want_v but_o a_o nale_n of_o a_o english_a ell_n by_o the_o former_a they_o measure_v woollen_a clothes_n etc._n etc._n and_o by_o the_o latter_a linen_n etc._n etc._n the_o concave_a measure_n of_o lisbon_n be_v the_o alquire_n 3_o of_o which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v a_o english_a bushel_n and_o 5_o a_o spanish_a hannep_n they_o have_v a_o other_o measure_n by_o which_o they_o meet_v their_o salt_n call_v muy_fw-es which_o be_v 60_o alquire_n and_o 2_o muys_n and_o 15_o alquire_n be_v a_o tunn_n bristol_n water_n measure_n the_o custom_n inward_a be_v 23_o per_fw-la cent_n that_o be_v to_o the_o dechima_fw-la 10_o to_o the_o sisa_n 10_o and_o to_o the_o consolado_n 3_o and_o outward_a merchant_n pay_v only_o 3._o the_o coin_n be_v the_o croisado_n of_o gold_n compute_v to_o be_v worth_a 400_o reas._n the_o ducat_n of_o portugal_n which_o be_v ten_o real_n and_o account_v 5_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o the_o croisado_n the_o ryal_n which_o be_v 40_o reas_n and_o account_v 6_o penny_n sterling_a the_o golden_a mirle_n which_o be_v worth_a 1000_o reas_n and_o account_v 2_o 5_o 2_o ducat_n the_o ducat_n be_v 2_o ½_o ryal_n or_o 15_o penny_n sterling_a the_o vintin_n which_o be_v 20_o reas_n or_o 3_o penny_n sterling_a the_o single_a ryal_n of_o spain_n which_o be_v 2_o vintines_n there_o be_v likewise_o the_o coin_n of_o spain_n passable_a in_o this_o city_n but_o see_v they_o be_v not_o the_o proper_a coin_n of_o portugal_n i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o as_o have_v already_o mention_v they_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o now_o leave_v portugal_n i_o shall_v pass_v into_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o in_o view_v the_o trade_n of_o some_o city_n thereof_o give_v a_o summary_n account_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n commerce_n both_o inland_a and_o by_o navigation_n chap._n lxii_o a_o view_n of_o france_n the_o province_n trade_n custom_n weight_n measure_n and_o currant_n coin_n reduce_v into_o the_o view_n of_o the_o principal_a trade_n city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n france_n be_v a_o large_a and_o fertile_a part_n of_o europe_n bound_v on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o british_a ocean_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o aquitanian_a sea_n on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o pirenaean_a hill_n and_o river_n rhine_n and_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a province_n the_o trade_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v instance_n in_o these_o follow_a city_n viz._n bordeaux_n roven_n paris_n lion_n and_o marselia_n of_o these_o in_o order_n bordeaux_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o geronde_n be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o the_o province_n of_o aquitain_n and_o be_v place_v in_o a_o very_a fruitful_a soil_n especial_o for_o wine_n the_o principal_a vineyard_n of_o france_n be_v account_v in_o its_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o grape_n therein_o grow_v be_v make_v whitewine_n and_o claret_n in_o abundance_n and_o of_o late_a all_o pall_a wine_n and_o such_o as_o otherwise_o be_v foul_a &_o not_o merchantable_a they_o lmibeck_n off_o into_o brandy_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v vend_v in_o england_n and_o holland_n they_o have_v likewise_o several_a vineyard_n yield_v grape_n that_o make_v sweet-wine_n common_o call_v high_a country_n wine_n the_o which_o lest_o it_o shall_v hinder_v the_o sail_n of_o the_o other_o they_o prohibit_v to_o be_v sell_v in_o their_o city_n till_o christmas_n day_n when_o the_o high_a country_n merchant_n bring_v it_o in_o and_o sell_v it_o to_o stranger_n there_o resident_a and_o such_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n that_o that_o vessel_n or_o light_a that_o first_o set_v her_o head_n on_o shoar_n be_v account_v free_a from_o impost_n or_o custom_n yet_o must_v in_o lieu_n thereof_o for_o that_o day_n give_v wine_n on_o free-cost_n to_o such_o as_o come_v on_o board_n to_o drink_v it_o to_o this_o city_n it_o be_v that_o our_o english_a merchant_n trade_n and_o from_o whence_o they_o yearly_o bring_v 20000_o tun_n of_o whitewine_n claret_n sweet_a and_o brandy_n wine_n in_o time_n when_o no_o prohibition_n be_v lay_v this_o city_n former_o for_o many_o year_n have_v be_v english_a there_o be_v find_v great_a quantity_n of_o prune_n of_o the_o neighbour_a growth_n and_o some_o other_o commodity_n though_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o to_o this_o place_n money_n be_v remit_v for_o which_o most_o the_o inhabitant_n trade_v not_o as_o in_o other_o place_n of_o traffic_n free_o barter_v good_n for_o good_n their_o account_n be_v keep_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o liver_n sold_n and_o deny_v as_o indeed_o throughout_o the_o kingdom_n their_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o of_o which_o be_v reckon_v a_o quintar_n or_o 110_o english_a 90_o ¾_n pound_n be_v 100_o pound_n english_a their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v a_o auln_v account_v 42_o english_a inch_n their_o wine_n be_v compute_v by_o hogshead_n and_o tearce_n viz._n claret_n and_o white-wine_n and_o their_o brandy_n by_o punching_n of_o no_o certain_a gage_n chap._n lxiii_o a_o view_n of_o roven_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o roven_v be_v the_o principal_a city_n of_o normandy_n be_v the_o parliamentary_a seat_n of_o that_o province_n and_o be_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n sein_fw-fr all_o its_o territory_n be_v fertile_a and_o it_o abound_v with_o rich_a merchandise_n as_o well_o of_o other_o nation_n as_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n and_o be_v visit_v by_o most_o of_o the_o merchant_n of_o all_o the_o northern_a kingdom_n trade_n in_o the_o growth_n of_o france_n the_o place_n afford_v of_o natural_a growth_n and_o native_a manufacture_n fine_a and_o coarse_a linen_n buckram_n paper_n card_n wine_n stuff_n comb_n etc._n etc._n for_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n or_o such_o french_a merchant_n as_o send_v their_o commodity_n thither_o to_o be_v vend_v receive_v of_o the_o english_a kersey_n of_o devonshire_n and_o
denier_n and_o liver_n of_o picoly_a as_o in_o florence_n and_o their_o money_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o it_o have_v former_o be_v a_o city_n of_o considerable_a trade_n but_o now_o of_o little_a note_n the_o weight_n be_v two_o the_o one_o the_o balance_n weight_n by_o which_o all_o good_n be_v buy_v and_o sell_v the_o other_o the_o weight_n by_o which_o merchant_n pay_v their_o custom_n between_o which_o there_o be_v observe_v 12_o per_fw-la cent_n difference_n the_o balance_n weight_n the_o pound_n contain_v 12_o ounce_n the_o 100_o thereof_o have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v of_o lion_n weight_n 72_o ½_o and_o the_o customer_n weight_n 81_o ½_o the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o brace_n which_o be_v 23_o english_a inch_n 100_o brace_n of_o this_o place_n be_v find_v to_o make_v 50_o english_a ells._n as_o for_o liquid_a or_o concave_a measure_n they_o use_v not_o any_o in_o way_n of_o merchandise_n therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o over_o chap._n lxxvii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o papacy_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o papacy_n contain_v several_a stately_a city_n but_o none_o of_o any_o considerable_a trade_n as_o for_o merchandise_n therefore_o i_o shall_v sum_v up_o all_o in_o describe_v the_o trade_n of_o rome_n once_o the_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n but_o now_o her_o splendour_n be_v much_o abate_v rome_n be_v situate_a on_o the_o bank_n of_o tiber_n adorn_v with_o 750_o tower_n place_v on_o her_o wall_n and_o be_v account_v to_o contain_v 466000_o family_n and_o in_o it_o be_v find_v these_o merchandise_n viz._n corn_n oil_n wine_n glove_n alum_n lutestring_n kid-skin_n and_o curious_a fabric_n of_o silk_n for_o which_o they_o receive_v from_o england_n lead_v tinn_n bays_n sesse_n stuff_n pilchard_n herring_n newland_n fish_n calves-skin_n salt_n salmon_n tallow_n wax_n etc._n etc._n which_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n land_a at_o civitaveccia_n and_o from_o thence_o carry_v up_o the_o river_n tiber_n in_o boat_n to_o rome_n the_o coin_n here_o and_o through_o the_o papacy_n be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v currant_n in_o most_o part_n of_o italy_n the_o pope_n have_v so_o ordain_v that_o his_o income_n may_v be_v the_o more_o the_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o crown_n julios_fw-la or_o paulos_n baiochos_n and_o quatrin_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o quintal_n or_o 100_o pound_n which_o make_v 80_o pound_n english_a though_o sometime_o they_o weigh_v by_o a_o quintal_n of_o 160_o pound_n and_o 150_o pound_n according_a to_o the_o fineness_n or_o grossness_n of_o the_o commodity_n their_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v 2_o one_o for_o linen_n and_o the_o other_o for_o woollen_a the_o one_o a_o brace_n and_o the_o other_o the_o cane_n 30_o cane_n make_v 100_o brace_n corn_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o rugio_n which_o be_v 7_o 18_o i_o of_o genoa_n and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o rome_n and_o indeed_o for_o all_o italy_n from_o whence_o i_o must_v pass_v into_o flanders_n and_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n lxxviii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n and_o holland_n of_o the_o weight_n measure_n coin_n custom_n commodity_n and_o traffic_n of_o they_o reduce_v into_o the_o view_n of_o antwerp_n and_o amsterdam_n though_o flanders_n and_o the_o netherlands_o be_v divide_v into_o 17_o province_n viz._n 4_o dukedom_n as_o limburg_n luxemburg_n gelderland_n and_o brabant_n 1_o marquisat_fw-la 7_o ealrdom_n as_o artois_n flanders_n hanault_n nemur_n zutphen_n holland_n and_o zealand_n 5_o borrony_n as_o westfriezland_n vtretch_v overysel_n machlin_n and_o grove_v yet_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o these_o may_v convenient_o be_v reduce_v into_o what_o be_v find_v in_o antwerp_n and_o amsterdam_n the_o one_o famous_a for_o have_v former_o be_v the_o chief_a scale_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o present_a commerce_n hold_v there_o of_o these_o in_o order_n antwerp_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o river_n scheld_v that_o river_n send_v forth_o eight_o channel_n to_o water_n the_o city_n by_o run_v through_o her_o street_n and_o have_v be_v former_o account_v a_o great_a scale_n of_o trade_n insomuch_o that_o all_o european_a merchant_n bring_v their_o commodity_n thither_o to_o vend_n the_o acquirement_n of_o which_o trade_n be_v principal_o by_o the_o mean_n follow_v first_o by_o reason_n of_o 2_o free_a mart_n yearly_o hold_v for_o 45_o day_n in_o which_o no_o person_n trading_n there_o can_v be_v arrest_v in_o his_o good_n or_o person_n for_o debt_n or_o otherwise_o second_o by_o reason_n the_o portugal_n discover_v the_o east_n india_n anno_fw-la 1500._o divert_a the_o course_n of_o trade_n drive_v by_o the_o venetian_n from_o alexandria_n and_o the_o red-sea_n to_o lisbon_n and_o so_o keep_v a_o factory_a at_o antwerp_n and_o expose_v to_o sail_v all_o indian_a commodity_n which_o draw_v most_o of_o the_o trade_n nation_n of_o europe_n to_o trade_n thither_o exhaust_v the_o trade_n of_o bruges_n where_o the_o english_a merchant_n adventurer_n before_o reside_v the_o three_o and_o last_o cause_n be_v the_o war_n between_o charles_n the_o five_o emperor_n and_o the_o french_a which_o oblige_v the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n for_o safety_n to_o remove_v their_o family_n thither_o who_o afterward_o be_v take_v with_o the_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o place_n will_v not_o remove_v but_o build_v they_o stately_a house_n and_o make_v that_o city_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o place_n of_o their_o residence_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n in_o the_o city_n of_o antwerp_n be_v the_o war_n with_o spain_n in_o which_o merchant_n be_v pillage_v their_o ship_n take_v etc._n etc._n the_o abridgement_n of_o privilege_n and_o the_o trade_n which_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a find_v in_o the_o east-indies_n bring_v home_n in_o their_o own_o bottom_n what_o before_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o portugal_n for_o but_o as_o it_o be_v at_o this_o day_n a_o pretty_a trade_n be_v drive_v in_o the_o city_n most_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n bring_v in_o their_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n the_o commodity_n find_v in_o antwerp_n be_v wine_n silk_n arras-hanging_n spice_n drug_n fruit_n store_n of_o corn_n woollen_a cloth_n some_o oil_n and_o the_o like_a bring_v out_o of_o its_o neighbourhood_n and_o the_o adjacent_a province_n the_o account_n of_o antwerp_n be_v keep_v in_o liver_n sold_n and_o denier_n which_o they_o reckon_v pound_n shilling_n penny_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sold_n and_o 20_o sold_n a_o liver_n or_o pound_n flemish_n though_o worth_a no_o more_o than_o 12_o shilling_n sterling_a or_o as_o they_o compute_v it_o 240_o gross_v 12_o gross_v be_v a_o sold_n and_o according_a to_o these_o value_v on_o coin_n they_o make_v their_o exchange_n the_o other_o currant_n coin_n be_v doit_n 4_o of_o which_o make_v a_o stiver_n and_o 10_o stivers_n make_v 1_o shilling_n sterling_n 2_o blank_n make_v a_o stiver_n and_o half_a 6_o stivers_n make_v the_o flemish_a shilling_n 28_o stivers_n make_v a_o guilder_n which_o be_v 3_o shilling_n 4_o penny_n flemish_n so_o that_o 100_o pound_n flemish_n be_v find_v to_o make_v but_o 50_o pound_n english_a etc._n etc._n the_o weight_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintar_n and_o the_o quintar_n find_v to_o be_v 104_o pound_n english_a so_o that_o from_o this_o allowance_n or_o over_o weight_n many_o imagine_v that_o the_o tret_n of_o london_n have_v its_o original_a the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o ell_n 100_o of_o which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v 60_o london_n ell_n in_o the_o measure_n of_o linen_n cloth_n they_o have_v likewise_o a_o ell_n for_o measure_v of_o silk_n which_o be_v 1_o ½_o in_o the_o 100_o less_o than_o the_o cloth_n ell._n beer_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o barrel_n which_o in_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n be_v account_v 54_o stop_v each_o stop_v be_v 2_o quart_n english_a their_o corn_n they_o sell_v by_o the_o vertules_a 23_o ½_o of_o which_o be_v a_o last_o of_o amsterdam_n and_o 10_o ¼_n quarter_n london_n measure_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o be_o the_o stop_n and_o the_o butt_n 1_o be_o make_v 50_o stop_v and_o one_o stop_v 6_o pound_n so_o that_o the_o butt_n be_v 300_o stop_v or_o 6_o aim_n the_o wine_n stop_v be_v account_v 3_o ⅓_n quart_n of_o london_n wine_n measure_n the_o exchange_n be_v very_o great_a by_o reason_n most_o of_o the_o bill_n of_o spain_n be_v draw_v upon_o the_o merchant_n and_o trader_n of_o antwerp_n for_o the_o disbursement_n of_o money_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n keep_v on_o foot_n in_o the_o province_n chap._n lxxix_o a_o view_n of_o the_o city_n of_o amsterdam_n and_o of_o the_o trade_n coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o amsterdam_n be_v a_o fair_a city_n and_o seat_v on_o the_o
and_o drug_n these_o last_o be_v the_o commodity_n of_o the_o east-india_n be_v bring_v cheap_a and_o better_a from_o thence_o therefore_o not_o trade_v for_o by_o the_o english_a at_o constantinople_n but_o rather_o carry_v by_o they_o thither_o and_o exchange_v for_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o empire_n as_o likewise_o lead_v tinn_n cloth_n fur_n as_o martin_n coney-skin_n sable_n titchues_n and_o the_o like_a at_o the_o change_n of_o every_o ambassador_n the_o company_n make_v a_o present_a to_o the_o grand-signeour_n which_o be_v levy_v by_o the_o company_n themselves_o by_o way_n of_o imposition_n the_o like_a be_v the_o french_a and_o dutch_a oblige_v to_o do_v upon_o some_o occasion_n and_o for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o factory_n and_o ambassador_n the_o account_n be_v keep_v in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n a_o dollar_n be_v compute_v 80_o asper_n though_o sometime_o in_o way_n of_o merchandise_n 100_o asper_n be_v account_v to_o the_o dollar_n and_o and_o 120_o asper_n to_o the_o sultany_n the_o coin_n currant_n in_o this_o city_n and_o consequent_o throughout_o the_o empire_n be_v the_o sultany_n of_o gold_n agree_v with_o the_o venice_n chequin_n or_o be_v as_o aforesaid_a 120_o asper_n the_o german_a dollar_n the_o ryal_n of_o 8_o 8_o spanish_a currant_n at_o 80_o asper_n the_o lion_n dollar_n be_v currant_n at_o 75_o asper_n the_o german_a sesetine_n at_o 70_o asper_n and_o indeed_o any_o coin_n if_o find_v good_a gold_n or_o silver_n be_v currant_n in_o constantinople_n and_o most_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n a_o policy_n use_v to_o procure_v plenty_n of_o coin_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o janissary_n and_o other_o in_o pay_n of_o all_o nation_n the_o weight_n be_v the_o grain_n 4_o of_o which_o make_v a_o quillat_n a_o dram_n which_o be_v 16_o grain_n of_o which_o all_o great_a weight_n be_v compose_v by_o multiplication_n as_o a_o yursdrome_n be_v 100_o dram_fw-la and_o find_v to_o be_v 1_o pound_n sotile_n of_o venice_n or_o 72_o mittigal_n a_o lodero_fw-la be_v 176_o dram_fw-la or_o 19_o ½_o ounce_n averdupois_n a_o oak_n be_v 400_o dram_fw-la account_v 2_o pound_n 11_o ½_o ounce_n 100_o lodero_n be_v account_v 24_o oak_n and_o compose_v the_o quintar_n of_o constantinople_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o render_v between_o 118_o and_o 120_o pound_n english_a suttle_n a_o batman_n be_v 6_o oak_n or_o 16_o ⅓_n pound_n english_a by_o which_o all_o silk_n be_v buy_v and_o according_a to_o these_o all_o other_o weight_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v regulate_v the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pico_n which_o be_v 3._o the_o first_o for_o clothe_v which_o be_v account_v 26_o ½_o inch_n the_o second_o for_o grogram_n chamlet_n and_o such_o like_a contain_v 24_o inch_n so_o that_o 24_o of_o these_o pico_n be_v find_v to_o make_v 16_o english_a yard_n the_o three_o be_v the_o linen_n pico_n which_o be_v the_o former_a double_v to_o none_o of_o these_o be_v any_o advantage_n allow_v as_o in_o england_n the_o concave_a measure_n be_v call_v the_o killow_n by_o which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n corn_n be_v measure_v 8_o ⅔_n of_o which_o be_v observe_v to_o make_v the_o london_n quarter_n wines_n oil_n and_o almost_o all_o liquid_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o meet_a weigh_v 8_o oak_n and_o be_v about_o ⅔_n of_o a_o english_a gallon_n as_o indeed_o most_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o weight_n the_o custom_n pay_v by_o the_o italian_n french_a and_o jew_n outward_a and_o inward_a be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n the_o turk_n themselves_o pay_v nothing_o the_o english_a and_o dutch_a pay_n 3_o per_fw-la cent_n inward_a and_o the_o like_a outward_a which_o be_v pay_v in_o specie_fw-la unless_o the_o merchant_n do_v compound_v with_o the_o customer_n for_o money_n and_o further_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o beside_o these_o custom_n there_o be_v by_o agreement_n pay_v 1_o ½_o per_fw-la cent_n upon_o all_o ponderous_a commodity_n and_o 1_o upon_o all_o measurable_a commodity_n which_o be_v to_o be_v defray_v between_o the_o buyer_n and_o seller_n but_o if_o a_o turk_n be_v one_o his_o part_n be_v remit_v and_o this_o be_v levy_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o a_o hospital_n found_v by_o sultan_n achmet_n which_o duty_n be_v farm_a by_o a_o emine_a or_o farmer_n call_v the_o grand-seigenors_a receiver_n and_o be_v most_o common_o pay_v the_o one_o half_a in_o asper_n of_o 80_o asper_n to_o the_o dollar_n and_o the_o other_o in_o sultany_n of_o gold_n or_o otherwise_o as_o the_o merchant_n and_o customer_n can_v agree_v and_o thus_o have_v at_o large_a describe_v the_o trade_n of_o this_o great_a city_n i_o shall_v proceed_v to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n of_o note_n lie_v in_o the_o egean_a ionian_a mediterranean_a and_o adriatic_a sea_n chap._n xcii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n in_o the_o ionian_a egean_a mediterranean_a and_o adriatic_a sea_n with_o a_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n weight_n measure_n coin_n and_o commodity_n of_o the_o growth_n and_o manufacture_n of_o the_o most_o considerable_a of_o they_o the_o island_n in_o these_o sea_n be_v many_o therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o name_v those_o of_o little_a note_n and_o insist_v upon_o the_o chief_a first_o then_o there_o be_v find_v the_o island_n of_o tenedos_n abound_v with_o wine_n the_o isle_n of_o samothracia_n commodious_a for_o the_o harbour_v ship_n lemnos_n from_o whence_o come_v that_o antidote_n call_v terra_fw-la sigilata_fw-la or_o terra_fw-la lemnos_n then_o scio_fw-la or_o chios_n abound_v in_o tree_n from_o which_o they_o distil_v mastic_n which_o commodity_n the_o grand_a signeour_n claim_v as_o his_o right_n next_o the_o famous_a island_n of_o rhodes_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o commodious_a situation_n in_o the_o ocean_n be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o place_n of_o great_a resort_n in_o the_o chief_a city_n from_o which_o the_o island_n take_v name_n be_v a_o considerable_a mart_n afford_v corn_n wines_n oil_n rasin_n wax_v honey_n cotton_n cordovant_n cotton_n wool_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n dimity_n vermilion_n damask_n stuff_n silk_n and_o the_o like_a be_v the_o commodity_n of_o divers_a island_n in_o those_o sea_n and_o here_o some_o factory_n be_v maintain_v and_o the_o account_n keep_v in_o asper_n of_o turkey_n and_o the_o other_o coin_n for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o same_o the_o weight_n be_v the_o rotolo_n 100_o of_o which_o make_v the_o quintar_n or_o 536_o pound_n english_a the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cane_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v 84_o inch_n of_o english_a the_o next_o island_n that_o offer_v be_v the_o famous_a island_n of_o candia_n which_o cost_v the_o turk_n so_o dear_a a_o purchase_n therefore_o i_o shall_v not_o think_v it_o amiss_o to_o describe_v its_o commodity_n weight_n and_o measure_n chap._n xciii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o isle_n candia_n and_o other_o island_n the_o isle_n of_o candia_n be_v seat_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o egean_a sea_n and_o be_v now_o in_o subjection_n to_o the_o grand-signeor_n be_v exceed_v fruitful_a and_o afford_v considerable_a commodity_n as_o muskadel_n fine-sugar_n gum_n honey_n wax_n date_n orange_n lemon_n olive_n rasin_n corn_n cattle_n fish_n and_o the_o like_a contain_v several_a city_n of_o note_n as_o candia_n from_o whence_o the_o island_n have_v its_o name_n canea_n rhettmio_n sittia_n and_o suda_n be_v a_o haven_n capable_a of_o receive_v 1000_o or_o 1500_o large_a vessel_n and_o before_o the_o venetian_n lose_v it_o their_o coin_n be_v currant_n throughout_o the_o island_n and_o their_o weight_n the_o quintars_n suttle_n and_o gross_n the_o gross_a 100_o of_o candia_n render_v 110_o of_o the_o like_a gross_a weight_n of_o venice_n or_o 118_o english_a pound_n and_o 100_o pound_n suttle_n of_o candia_n 114_o pound_n of_o venice_n suttle_n or_o 76_o pound_n english_a the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o pico_n one_o for_o cloth_n another_o for_o silk_n and_o their_o measure_n for_o wine_n call_v the_o mestach_n but_o the_o turk_n have_v since_o their_o conquest_n make_v some_o alteration_n in_o the_o weight_n measure_n and_o coin_n which_o as_o yet_o be_v not_o come_v to_o my_o knowledge_n i_o not_o have_v be_v there_o since_o the_o reduction_n in_o the_o ionian_a sea_n be_v also_o find_v the_o isle_n of_o cerigo_n abound_v with_o marble_n the_o strophades_n or_o strivalia_n the_o cursalari_fw-la island_n and_o corfue_n the_o last_o of_o which_o abound_v in_o wax_n honey_n oil_n and_o wine_n stuff_n silk-fabrick_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v likewise_o find_v st._n mairo_n ithaca_n zeffalonia_n and_o zant_n the_o 3_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v famous_a for_o the_o currant_n find_v grow_v there_o in_o abundance_n and_o from_o thence_o disperse_v throughout_o europe_n but_o most_o spend_v in_o england_n wherefore_o i_o shall_v somewhat_o enlarge_v in_o describe_v the_o trade_n thereof_o chap._n xciv_o a_o view_n
which_o be_v yearly_o jade_v for_o england_n and_o other_o country_n but_o especial_o oil_n their_o money_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n those_o currant_n in_o spain_n their_o weight_n 2_o viz._n the_o rotolo_n and_o cantar_n 100_o of_o the_o first_o make_v the_o last_o call_v barbaresco_n which_o there_o be_v 117_o pound_n make_v in_o london_n 110_o pound_n they_o have_v likewise_o another_o cantar_n of_o 104_o pound_n call_v the_o cantar_n of_o majorica_n they_o likewise_o sell_v some_o commodity_n by_o the_o cargo_n as_o pepper_n ginger_n cinnamond_n nutmeg_n rice_n and_o the_o which_o cargo_n be_v 3_o cargo_n of_o 104_o pound_n the_o measure_n of_o length_n be_v the_o cane_n find_v to_o make_v 67_o in_o 68_o london_n inches_n the_o the_o oil_n measure_n be_v the_o quartano_n 12_o of_o which_o make_v the_o odour_n and_o 212_o that_o of_o 126_o gallon_n which_o be_v a_o tun_n of_o oil_n according_a to_o london_n gage_n and_o the_o custom_n and_o other_o charge_n be_v reckon_v to_o 2_o pound_n 7_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n per_fw-la tun._n in_o this_o sea_n be_v the_o island_n of_o javisa_n afford_v store_n of_o salt_n as_o also_o the_o isle_n lipara_n promentary_a pantcleria_n caprea_n ischia_n progitue_n elba_n gauge_n or_o cales_n with_o some_o other_o of_o small_a note_n afford_v cattle_n corn_n olive_n oil_n wine_n gapars_n cavere_fw-la orange_n lemon_n citron_n fish_n and_o the_o like_a most_o of_o they_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o thus_o leave_v the_o medeterranian_a i_o shall_v enter_v the_o north_n ocean_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o island_n not_o as_o yet_o mention_v in_o this_o treatise_n chap._n xcvi_o a_o view_n of_o greenland_n and_o the_o whale_n fishery_n with_o a_o account_n of_o several_a island_n in_o the_o northern_a sea_n greenland_n or_o gronland_n be_v seat_v under_o the_o freeze_a zone_n doubtful_a whither_o a_o island_n or_o a_o continent_n by_o reason_n part_n of_o those_o sea_n be_v not_o navigable_a upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o ice_n that_o float_v therein_o and_o for_o that_o none_o ever_o yet_o pass_v over_o land_n to_o the_o extent_n of_o that_o dismal_a country_n where_o from_o the_o 14_o of_o october_n to_o the_o 12_o of_o february_n no_o sun_n appear_v but_o the_o moon_n shine_v as_o in_o england_n and_o for_o 3_o month_n and_o a_o half_a in_o summer_n time_n they_o have_v no_o night_n as_o for_o humane_a inhabitant_n there_o be_v none_o yet_o the_o wood_n and_o cave_n abound_v with_o bear_n fox_n and_o dear_a and_o the_o voyage_n the_o english_a make_v thither_o be_v upon_o the_o account_n of_o the_o whale_n fishery_n whale_n in_o abundance_n be_v find_v in_o those_o deep_a sea_n the_o ship_n set_v out_o in_o may_n and_o arrive_v in_o june_n at_o green-harbour_n and_o bell-sound_a they_o set_v up_o their_o caldron_n press_n and_o other_o necessary_n than_o put_v again_o to_o sea_n and_o when_o they_o perceive_v the_o whale_n come_v by_o the_o rise_n of_o the_o water_n they_o send_v out_o skiff_n with_o hasping-iron_n and_o cable_n when_o the_o man_n therein_o take_v their_o advantage_n strike_v the_o whale_n who_o no_o soon_o find_v themselves_o wound_v but_o plunge_v to_o the_o bottom_n those_o in_o the_o boat_n give_v they_o rope_n and_o by_o their_o sink_v know_v where_o they_o will_v rise_v and_o give_v notice_n to_o the_o ship_n who_o stand_v off_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v overset_v when_o they_o rise_v with_o horrible_a bellow_v they_o make_v towards_o the_o shore_n spout_v blood_n and_o water_n the_o reason_n of_o their_o so_o do_v be_v to_o endeavour_v the_o rub_v out_o of_o the_o iron_n upon_o the_o sand_n but_o in_o vain_a for_o then_o by_o force_n of_o cable_n they_o draw_v they_o on_o shore_n and_o their_o cut_n out_o their_o pulp_n of_o which_o they_o make_v the_o oil_n and_o their_o fin_n of_o which_o our_o whalebone_n be_v make_v by_o dry_v and_o prepare_v so_o that_o sometime_o one_o whale_n be_v find_v to_o yield_v 3_o tun_n of_o oil_n and_o half_a a_o tun_n weight_n of_o whalebone_n here_o it_o be_v that_o several_a person_n be_v leave_v a_o whole_a winter_n the_o ship_n go_v away_o during_o their_o hunt_v up_o in_o the_o country_n and_o live_v in_o a_o hutt_n upon_o bears-flesh_n venison_n wild-fox_n bird_n and_o the_o green_n or_o press_n of_o the_o whale_n till_o next_o year_n the_o ship_n come_v again_o and_o fetch_v they_o off_o for_o 7_o month_n all_o the_o sea_n be_v freeze_v over_o and_o the_o country_n be_v cover_v with_o mountain_n of_o snow_n in_o this_o tract_n be_v nova_n zembla_n where_o the_o pole_n be_v elevate_v 76_o degree_n and_o whither_o the_o dutch_a yearly_a resort_n to_o fish_n for_o whale_n and_o such_o other_o fish_n as_o yield_v matter_n for_o oil_n it_o abound_v in_o dear_a wild-fox_n and_o the_o like_a as_o greenland_n and_o in_o it_o likewise_o not_o long_o since_o several_a dutchman_n be_v force_v to_o winter_n &_o suffer_v great_a extremity_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a cold_a there_o be_v find_v likewise_o sr._n willoughby_n island_n call_v queen_n elizabeth_n foreland_n likewise_o freezland_n iceland_n and_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n but_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o excessive_a cold_a few_o of_o they_o be_v inhabit_a and_o the_o chief_a commodity_n they_o yield_v be_v ling_n cod_n and_o fish_n oil_n and_o thus_o according_a to_o my_o promise_n have_v take_v survey_v of_o the_o trade_n of_o all_o the_o know_a part_n of_o the_o universe_n as_o near_o as_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o long_a experience_n and_o credible_a authority_n i_o shall_v return_v with_o joy_n to_o tread_v my_o native_a soil_n and_o there_o take_v a_o view_n of_o what_o yet_o remain_v in_o relation_n to_o trade_n and_o commerce_n and_o first_o i_o shall_v begin_v with_o exchange_n that_o one_o necessary_a part_n of_o all_o navigational_a and_o inland_a commerce_n chap._n xcvii_o a_o view_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o exchange_n in_o general_n and_o the_o advantage_n accrue_v thereby_o that_o exchange_n be_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o merchandise_n it_o be_v most_o certain_a and_o have_v be_v so_o find_v for_o 200_o year_n pâ—st_v though_o not_o bring_v to_o perfection_n till_o of_o late_a day_n the_o place_n most_o apt_a for_o exchange_n be_v those_o where_o many_o merchant_n of_o divers_a nation_n reside_v and_o have_v frequent_a meeting_n in_o relation_n to_o trade_n and_o prize_n of_o commodity_n who_o return_n be_v subject_a to_o great_a exchange_n which_o be_v ever_o advantageous_a to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v practise_v now_o some_o place_n there_o be_v that_o have_v exchange_n in_o themselves_o yet_o be_v compel_v to_o depend_v upon_o other_o place_n have_v only_o certain_a time_n or_o fair_n appoint_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o exchanger_n in_o which_o or_o to_o which_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v either_o expire_v renew_v or_o date_v one_o of_o which_o be_v placentia_n and_o indeed_o all_o town_n in_o country_n where_o there_o be_v more_o than_o one_o exchange_n establish_v the_o metropolis_n or_o principal_a exchange_n give_v rule_n and_o rate_n to_o the_o rest_n provide_v the_o coin_n be_v of_o equal_a value_n and_o goodness_n nor_o indeed_o though_o many_o place_n have_v attribute_v the_o name_n of_o exchange_n yet_o that_o exchange_n remain_v not_o so_o much_o in_o esse_fw-la as_o in_o the_o will_n of_o the_o merchant_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n in_o who_o power_n it_o be_v to_o assign_v the_o place_n as_o they_o think_v convenient_a and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n pitch_v upon_o principal_a place_n where_o their_o bill_n be_v sure_a to_o have_v a_o quick_a dispatch_n now_o there_o be_v several_a city_n that_o exchange_v in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o money_n coin_n and_o denomination_n as_o naples_n lechie_n barry_n the_o two_o latter_a include_v in_o the_o former_a palermo_n and_o messina_n comprehend_v in_o sicilia_n valentia_n saragosa_n and_o barselona_n in_o cattalonia_n sevil_n alcala_n and_o medina-del-campo_n in_o castilia_n frankford_n colona_n noremburg_n and_o augusta_n in_o germany_n with_o many_o other_o of_o less_o note_n but_o exchange_v now_o from_o a_o plain_a and_o easy_a method_n be_v reduce_v to_o so_o many_o mysterious_a point_n that_o it_o be_v extraordinary_a difficult_a to_o understand_v it_o aright_o in_o all_o place_n therefore_o i_o shall_v only_o lay_v down_o such_o particular_n as_o chief_o concern_v english_a merchant_n and_o be_v conduce_v to_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o british_a empire_n the_o first_o thing_n then_o that_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v be_v the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o coin_n of_o the_o city_n or_o port_n where_o you_o make_v your_o exchange_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v take_v according_a to_o the_o value_n of_o the_o coin_n as_o it_o be_v currant_n but_o according_a to_o its_o weight_n and_o fineness_n
give_v their_o attendance_n by_o way_n of_o prevention_n not_o out_o of_o duty_n or_o right_n and_o be_v not_o account_v lawful_a place_n to_o land_n or_o lade_n any_o good_n without_o licence_n or_o sufference_n from_o the_o port_n or_o member_n under_o which_o any_o such_o creek_n or_o creek_n be_v place_v all_o which_o as_o they_o be_v at_o present_a account_v at_o the_o customhouse_n be_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v respective_o in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o county_n and_o consequent_o out_o of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o admiralty_n in_o case_n any_o thing_n more_o than_o ordinary_a be_v do_v or_o sustain_v in_o any_o of_o they_o and_o now_o i_o shall_v only_o inform_v the_o reader_n that_o commodity_n of_o english_a growth_n and_o manufacture_n may_v be_v export_v when_o sell_v in_o england_n at_o certain_a rate_n according_a to_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o the_o 12_o of_o car._n 2._o and_o so_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o work_n gunpowder_n when_o it_o exceed_v not_o the_o price_n of_o five_o pound_n per_fw-la barrel_n may_v be_v export_v wheat_n rye_n pease_n bean_n barley_n malt_n oat_n pork_n beef_n bacon_n butter_n cheese_n and_o candle_n when_o they_o do_v not_o exceed_v the_o prize_n follow_v at_o the_o port_n where_o they_o be_v jade_v at_o the_o time_n of_o their_o lade_n viz._n wheat_n the_o quarter_n forty_o shilling_n rye_n bean_n and_o pease_n the_o quarter_n twenty_o four_o shilling_n barley_n and_o malt_n the_o quarter_n twenty_o shilling_n oat_n the_o quarter_n sixteen_o shilling_n beef_n the_o barrel_n fifty_o pound_n pork_n the_o barrel_n six_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n bacon_n the_o pound_n six_o penny_n butter_n the_o barrel_n four_o pound_n ten_o shilling_n cheese_n the_o pound_n thirty_o shilling_n candle_n the_o dozen_o pound_n five_o shilling_n pay_v the_o respective_a rate_n according_a as_o they_o be_v set_v down_o in_o the_o book_n of_o rate_n always_o provide_v that_o his_o majesty_n may_v when_o he_o see_v occasion_n prohibit_v the_o exportation_n of_o gunpowder_n and_o other_o ammunition_n and_o thus_o reader_n have_v i_o with_o much_o labour_n sail_v through_o many_o tempestuous_a sea_n once_o again_o cast_v anchor_n in_o safe_a harbour_n hope_v this_o work_n may_v be_v advantageous_a unto_o many_o and_o useful_a unto_o all_o who_o be_v any_o way_n concern_v in_o trade_n or_o commerce_n whether_o by_o navigation_n or_o otherwise_o the_o which_o if_o it_o do_v i_o have_v obtain_v the_o end_n of_o my_o design_n finis_fw-la england_n guide_n to_o industry_n or_o improvement_n of_o trade_n for_o the_o good_a of_o all_o people_n in_o general_n london_n print_v by_o r._n holt_n for_o t._n passenger_n at_o the_o three_o bibles_n on_o london-bridge_n and_o b._n take_v at_o the_o ship_n in_o st._n pauls-church-yard_n 1683._o the_o preface_n forasmuch_o as_o man_n who_o be_v in_o a_o decay_a condition_n or_o who_o have_v but_o a_o ill_a opinion_n of_o their_o own_o concernment_n instead_o of_o be_v as_o some_o think_v the_o more_o industrious_a to_o resist_v the_o evil_n they_o apprehend_v do_v contrariwise_o become_v the_o more_o languid_a and_o ineffectual_a to_o all_o in_o all_o their_o endeavoure_v neither_o care_v to_o attempt_v or_o prosecute_v even_o the_o probable_a mean_n of_o their_o relief_n i_o as_o a_o member_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n next_o to_o the_o know_v the_o precise_a truth_n in_o what_o condition_n the_o common_a interest_n stand_v will_v all_o in_o doubtful_a case_n thinkthe_v best_a and_o consequent_o not_o despair_v without_o strong_a and_o manifest_a reason_n careful_o examine_v what_o ever_o tend_v to_o lessen_v my_o hope_n of_o the_o public_a wellfair_n i_o have_v therefore_o think_v fit_a to_o examine_v the_o follow_a persuasion_n which_o i_o find_v too_o currant_n in_o the_o world_n and_o too_o much_o to_o have_v affect_v the_o mind_n of_o some_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o all_o viz._n that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v general_o fall_v that_o therefore_o and_o for_o many_o other_o reason_n the_o whole_a kingdom_n grow_v poor_a and_o poor_a that_o former_o it_o abound_v with_o gold_n but_o now_o there_o be_v a_o great_a scarcity_n both_o of_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o there_o be_v no_o trade_n nor_o employment_n for_o the_o people_n and_o yet_o that_o the_o land_n be_v underpeople_v that_o tax_n have_v be_v many_o and_o great_a that_o ireland_n and_o the_o plantation_n in_o america_n and_o other_o addition_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v a_o burden_n to_o england_n that_o scotland_n be_v of_o no_o advantage_n that_o trade_n in_o general_n do_v lamentable_o decay_v that_o the_o hollander_n be_v at_o our_o heel_n in_o the_o race_n of_o naval_a power_n the_o french_a grow_v too_o fat_a upon_o both_o and_o appear_v so_o rich_a and_o potent_a that_o it_o be_v but_o their_o clemency_n that_o they_o do_v not_o devour_v their_o neighbour_n and_o final_o that_o the_o church_n and_o state_n of_o england_n be_v in_o the_o same_o danger_n with_o the_o trade_n of_o england_n with_o many_o other_o dismal_a suggestion_n which_o i_o do_v rather_o stifle_v then_o repeat_v it_o be_v true_a the_o expense_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n have_v of_o late_o be_v too_o great_a much_o of_o our_o plate_n have_v it_o remain_v money_n will_v have_v better_o serve_v trade_n too_o many_o matter_n have_v be_v regulate_v by_o law_n with_o nature_n long_a custom_n and_o general_a consent_n ought_v only_o to_o have_v govern_v the_o slaughter_n and_o destruction_n of_o man_n by_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n and_o plague_n have_v be_v great_a the_o fire_n of_o london_n and_o disaster_n at_o chattham_n have_v beget_v opinion_n in_o the_o vulgar_a of_o the_o world_n to_o our_o prejudice_n the_o nonconformist_n increase_n the_o people_n of_o ireland_n think_v long_o of_o their_o settlement_n the_o english_a there_o apprehend_v themselves_o to_o be_v alien_n and_o be_v force_v to_o seek_v a_o trade_n with_o foreigner_n which_o they_o may_v maintain_v with_o their_o own_o relation_n in_o england_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o the_o like_a whereof_o be_v always_o in_o all_o place_n the_o building_n in_o london_n grow_v great_a and_o glorious_a the_o american_n plantation_n employ_v 400_o sail_n of_o ship_n auction_n in_o the_o east-india_n company_n be_v above_o double_a the_o principal_a money_n those_o who_o can_v give_v good_a security_n may_v have_v money_n under_o the_o statute_n interest_n material_n for_o building_n oven_n oaken_a timber_n be_v little_a the_o dear_a some_o cheap_a for_o the_o rebuild_n of_o london_n the_o exchange_n seem_v as_o full_a of_o merchant_n as_o former_o no_o more_o beggar_n in_o the_o street_n nor_o execute_v for_o thief_n as_o heretofore_o the_o number_n of_o coach_n and_o splendour_n of_o equipage_n exceed_v former_a time_n the_o public_a theatre_n very_o magnificent_a the_o king_n have_v a_o great_a navy_n and_o strong_a guard_n then_o before_o our_o calamity_n the_o clergy_n rich_a the_o cathedrâ—ls_n in_o repair_n much_o land_n have_v be_v improve_v and_o the_o price_n of_o food_n reasonable_a and_o in_o brief_a no_o man_n needs_o to_o want_v that_o will_v take_v moderate_a pain_n that_o some_o be_v poor_a than_o other_o ever_o be_v and_o will_v be_v and_o that_o many_o be_v querulous_a and_o envious_a be_v a_o evil_a as_o old_a as_o the_o world_n these_o general_a observation_n and_o that_o man_n eat_v and_o drink_v and_o laugh_v as_o they_o use_v to_o do_v have_v encourage_v i_o to_o try_v if_o i_o can_v comfort_v other_o be_v satisfy_v myself_o that_o the_o interest_n and_o affair_n in_o england_n be_v in_o no_o deplorable_a condition_n the_o method_n i_o take_v to_o do_v this_o be_v not_o yet_o very_o usual_a for_o instead_o of_o use_v only_o comparative_a and_o superlative_a word_n and_o intellectual_a argument_n i_o have_v take_v the_o course_n as_o a_o specimen_fw-la of_o the_o political_a arithmetic_n i_o have_v long_o aim_v at_o to_o express_v myself_o in_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n a_o discourse_n of_o trade_n be_v a_o comparison_n between_o england_n and_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n wherein_o the_o encouragement_n of_o industry_n be_v promote_v in_o these_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n chap._n i._o that_o a_o small_a country_n and_o few_o people_n by_o situation_n trade_n and_o policy_n may_v be_v equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o territory_n and_o particular_o that_o conveniency_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereto_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o length_n i_o consider_v in_o three_o part_n whereof_o the_o first_o that_o a_o small_a country_n and_o few_o people_n may_v be_v equivalent_a in_o wealth_n and_o strength_n to_o a_o far_o great_a people_n and_o territory_n this_o part_n of_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n need_v little_a proof_n forasmuch_o
work_v and_o rich_a and_o poor_a young_a and_o old_a must_v study_v the_o art_n of_o number_n weight_n and_o measure_n must_v fare_v hard_a provide_v for_o impotents_a and_o for_o orphan_n out_o of_o hope_n to_o make_v profit_n by_o their_o labour_n must_v punish_v the_o lazy_a by_o labour_n i_o say_v all_o these_o particular_n say_v to_o be_v the_o subtle_a excogitation_n of_o the_o hollander_n seem_v to_o i_o but_o with_o what_o can_v not_o almost_o have_v be_v otherwise_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n registry_n of_o conveyance_n small_a custom_n bank_n lombard_n and_o law-merchant_n rise_v all_o from_o the_o same_o spring_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o same_o sea_n as_o for_o loan_n of_o interest_n it_o be_v also_o a_o necessary_a effect_n of_o all_o the_o premise_n and_o not_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o contrivance_n wherefore_o we_o shall_v only_o show_v in_o particular_a the_o efficacy_n of_o each_o and_o first_o of_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n but_o before_o i_o enter_v upon_o these_o i_o shall_v mention_v a_o practice_n almost_o forget_v whether_o it_o refer_v to_o trade_n or_o policy_n be_v not_o material_a which_o be_v the_o hollander_n underma_v and_o sail_v of_o such_o of_o their_o ship_n as_o carry_v cheap_a and_o gross_a good_n and_o who_o sail_n do_v not_o depend_v much_o upon_o season_n it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o of_o 2_o equal_a and_o like_a vessel_n if_o one_o spread_v 1600_o yard_n of_o like_a canvas_n and_o the_o other_o 2500_o their_o speed_n be_v but_o as_o 4_o to_z 5_o so_o as_o one_o soon_o bring_v home_o the_o same_o timber_n in_o 4_o day_n as_o the_o other_o will_v in_o 5_o now_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o although_o those_o ship_n be_v but_o 4_o or_o 5_o day_n under_o sail_n that_o they_o be_v perhaps_o 30_o upon_o the_o voyage_n so_o as_o the_o one_o be_v but_o 1_o 30_o part_n long_o upon_o the_o whole_a voyage_n than_o the_o other_o though_o â…•_n long_o under_o sail_n now_o if_o mast_n yard_n rigging_n cables_n and_o anchor_n do_v depend_v upon_o the_o quantity_n and_o extent_n of_o the_o sail_n and_o consequent_o hand_n also_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o one_o vessel_n go_v at_o 3_o 1_o less_o charge_n lose_v but_o 1_o 80_o of_o the_o time_n and_o of_o what_o depend_v thereupon_o i_o come_v to_o the_o first_o policy_n of_o the_o dutch_a viz_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n which_o i_o can_v conceive_v they_o grant_v upon_o these_o ground_n but_o keep_v up_o always_o a_o force_n to_o maintain_v the_o common_a peace_n one_a they_o themselves_o break_v with_o spain_n to_o avoid_v the_o imposition_n of_o the_o clergy_n 2_o dissenter_n of_o this_o kind_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n think_v sober_a and_o patient_a man_n and_o such_o as_o believe_v that_o labour_n &_o industry_n be_v their_o duty_n towards_o god_n how_o erroneous_a soever_o their_o principle_n be_v 3_o these_o people_n believe_v the_o justice_n of_o god_n and_o see_v most_o licentious_a person_n to_o enjoy_v most_o of_o the_o world_n and_o its_o best_a thing_n will_v never_o venture_v to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o religion_n and_o profession_n with_o voluptuary_n and_o man_n of_o extreme_a wealth_n and_o power_n who_o they_o think_v have_v their_o portion_n in_o this_o world_n 4thly_a they_o can_v but_o know_v that_o no_o man_n can_v believe_v what_o himself_o please_v and_o to_o force_v man_n to_o say_v they_o believe_v when_o they_o do_v not_o be_v vain_a absurd_a and_o without_o honour_n to_o god_n 5thly_a the_o hollander_n know_v themselves_o not_o to_o be_v a_o infallible_a church_n and_o that_o other_o have_v the_o same_o scripture_n for_o guide_n as_o themselves_o and_o withal_o the_o same_o interest_n to_o save_v their_o soul_n do_v not_o think_v fit_a to_o make_v this_o matter_n their_o business_n no_o more_o but_o to_o make_v bond_n of_o the_o seaman_n they_o employ_v not_o to_o cast_v away_o their_o own_o ship_n and_o life_n 6thly_a the_o hollander_n observe_v that_o in_o france_n and_o spain_n especial_o the_o latter_a the_o church_n man_n be_v about_o 100_o to_o one_o to_o what_o they_o use_v or_o need_n the_o principal_a care_n of_o who_o be_v to_o preserve_v uniformity_n and_o this_o they_o take_v to_o be_v a_o superfluous_a charge_n 7thly_a they_o observe_v where_o most_o endeavour_n have_v be_v use_v to_o keep_v uniformity_n their_o exterodoxy_n have_v most_o abound_v 8thly_a they_o believe_v that_o if_o â…•_n of_o the_o people_n be_v exterodox_n and_o that_o if_o the_o whole_a quarter_n shall_v by_o miracle_n be_v remove_v that_o within_o a_o small_a time_n 4_o 1_o of_o the_o remainder_n will_v again_o become_v exterodox_n some_o way_n or_o other_o it_o be_v natural_a for_o man_n to_o differ_v in_o opinion_n in_o matter_n above_o sense_n and_o reason_n and_o for_o those_o who_o have_v less_o wealth_n to_o think_v thry_a have_v the_o more_o wit_n and_o understanding_n especial_o in_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n which_o they_o think_v chief_o to_o belong_v to_o the_o poor_a 9thly_a they_o think_v the_o case_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n as_o it_o be_v represent_v in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o apostle_n look_n like_o that_o of_o the_o present_a dissenter_n i_o mean_v external_o moreover_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o trade_n do_v not_o as_o some_o think_v best_o flourish_v under_o popular_a government_n but_o rather_o that_o trade_n be_v more_o vigorous_o carry_v on_o in_o every_o state_n and_o government_n by_o the_o exterodox_n party_n of_o the_o same_o and_o such_o as_o profess_v opinion_n differ_v from_o what_o be_v public_o establish_v that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o india_n where_o the_o mahometan_a religion_n be_v authorize_v there_o the_o banian_o be_v the_o most_o considerable_a merchant_n in_o the_o turkish_a empire_n the_o jew_n and_o christian_n at_o venice_n naples_n legorn_n genica_n and_o lisbon_n jew_n and_o now_o papist_n merchant_n stranger_n but_o to_o be_v short_a in_o the_o part_n of_o europe_n where_o the_o roman_n catholic_n religion_n now_o have_v or_o late_o have_v have_v establishment_n there_o 3_o qr_n of_o the_o whole_a trade_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o as_o have_v separate_v from_o the_o church_n viz._n the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n as_o also_o these_o of_o the_o unite_a province_n with_o denmark_n sweden_n and_o norway_n together_o with_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o norman_a protestant_a prince_n and_o the_o hans-town_n do_v at_o this_o day_n possess_v a_o quarter_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o world_n and_o even_o france_n itself_o the_o huguenot_n be_v proportionable_o far_o the_o great_a trade_n nor_o be_v it_o to_o be_v deny_v but_o that_o in_o ireland_n where_o the_o say_v roman_a religion_n be_v not_o authorize_v but_o the_o professor_n thereof_o have_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o trade_n be_v not_o fix_v to_o any_o species_n of_o religion_n as_o such_o but_o rather_o as_o before_o have_v be_v the_o say_a to_o the_o heterodox_n party_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o truth_n whereof_o appear_v also_o in_o all_o the_o particular_a town_n of_o great_a trade_n in_o england_n nor_o do_v i_o find_v reason_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o roman_n catholic_n seaman_n in_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v sufficient_a to_o man_n effectual_o a_o fleet_n equal_a to_o what_o the_o king_n of_o england_n now_o have_v but_o the_o now_o papist-seaman_n can_v do_v above_o thrice_o as_o much_o wherefore_o he_o who_o this_o latter_a party_n do_v effectionate_o own_o to_o be_v their_o head_n can_v probable_o be_v wrong_v in_o his_o sea-concernments_a by_o the_o author_n from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o for_o the_o advancement_n of_o trade_n if_o that_o be_v a_o sufficient_a reason_n indulgence_n must_v be_v grant_v in_o matter_n of_o opinion_n those_o licentious_a act_n as_o even_o in_o holland_n be_v restrain_v by_o force_n the_o second_o policy_n or_o help_n to_o trade_n use_v by_o the_o hollander_n be_v secure_v the_o title_n to_o land_n and_o house_n for_o although_o land_n &_o house_n may_v be_v call_v terra_fw-la firma_fw-la et_fw-la res_fw-la immobiles_fw-la yet_o the_o title_n unto_o they_o be_v no_o more_o certain_a than_o it_o please_v the_o law_n and_o authority_n to_o make_v they_o wherefore_o the_o holander_n do_v by_o registries_n and_o other_o way_n of_o assurance_n make_v the_o title_n as_o immovable_a as_o the_o land_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o encouragement_n to_o industry_n where_o there_o be_v no_o assurance_n of_o what_o shall_v be_v get_v by_o it_o and_o where_o by_o fraud_n and_o corruption_n one_o man_n may_v take_v away_o with_o ease_n and_o by_o a_o trick_n what_o another_o have_v get_v by_o extreme_a labour_n and_o pain_n there_o have_v be_v much_o discourse_n about_o introduce_v of_o registory_n into_o england_n the_o lawyer_n for_o the_o most_o part_n do_v
object_n against_o it_o allege_v the_o title_n of_o land_n in_o england_n be_v sufficient_o secure_a already_o wherefore_o omit_v the_o consideration_n of_o small_a and_o oblique_a reason_n pro_fw-la et_fw-la contra_fw-la it_o be_v good_a that_o enquiry_n be_v make_v from_o the_o officer_n of_o several_a court_n to_o what_o sum_n or_o value_v purchaser_n damnify_v for_o these_o last_o 10_o yeah_n by_o such_o fraudulent_a conveyance_n as_o registries_n will_v have_v prevent_v the_o 10_o part_n whereof_o at_o a_o medium_fw-la be_v the_o annual_a loss_n which_o the_o people_n sustain_v for_o want_v of_o they_o and_o then_o computation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v of_o the_o annual_a charge_n of_o register_n such_o extraordinary_a conveyance_n will_v secure_v the_o title_n of_o land_n more_o by_o compare_v these_o two_o sum_n the_o question_n so_o much_o agitate_a may_v be_v determine_v their_o three_o policy_n be_v their_o bank_n the_o use_n whereof_o be_v to_o increase_v money_n or_o rather_o to_o make_v a_o small_a sum_n equivalent_a to_o trade_n in_o a_o great_a for_o the_o effect_n whereof_o these_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v first_o how_o much_o money_n will_v drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n two_o how_o much_o current_a money_n there_o be_v actual_o in_o the_o nation_n 3_o how_o much_o will_v serve_v to_o make_v all_o payment_n of_o under_o 5_o pound_n or_o any_o other_o convenient_a sum_n throughout_o the_o year_n 4thly_a for_o what_o sum_n the_o keeper_n of_o the_o bank_n be_v unquestionable_a security_n if_o all_o these_o 4_o particular_n be_v well_o know_v than_o it_o may_v be_v also_o know_v how_o much_o of_o ready_a money_n above_o mention_v may_v safe_o and_o proper_o be_v lodge_v in_o the_o bank_n and_o to_o how_o much_o ready_a current_a money_n the_o say_v deposit_v money_n be_v equivalent_a as_o for_o example_n suppose_v 100_o thousand_o pound_n will_v drive_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o nation_n and_o suppose_v there_o be_v but_o 60_o thousand_o pound_n of_o ready_a money_n in_o the_o same_o suppose_v also_o the_o 20_o thousand_o pound_n will_v drive_v one_o and_o answer_v all_o payment_n make_v of_o under_o 150_o pound_n in_o this_o case_n 40_o of_o the_o 60_o be_v put_v into_o the_o brank_n will_v be_v equivalent_a unto_o 80_o which_o 80_o and_o 20_o keep_v out_o of_o the_o bank_n do_v make_v up_o 100_o viz._n enough_o to_o drive_v the_o trade_n as_o be_v purpose_v where_o note_n that_o the_o bank-keeper_n must_v be_v responsible_a for_o double_v the_o sum_n entrust_v with_o they_o and_o must_v have_v power_n to_o levy_v upon_o the_o general_n weight_n they_o happen_v to_o lose_v unto_o particular_a man_n upon_o which_o ground_n the_o banker_n may_v free_o make_v use_n of_o the_o receive_v 40_o pound_n whereby_o the_o say_a sum_n and_o with_o the_o like_a sum_n in_o credit_n make_v 80_o pound_n and_o with_o the_o 20_o reserve_v 100_o i_o may_v here_o add_v many_o more_o particular_n but_o be_v the_o same_o have_v already_o be_v note_v by_o other_o i_o conclude_v only_o with_o add_v one_o observation_n which_o i_o think_v to_o be_v of_o consequence_n that_o the_o hollander_n do_v ride_v their_o hand_n of_o 2_o trade_n which_o be_v of_o great_a turmoil_n and_o danger_n and_o yet_o of_o least_o profit_n the_o one_a whereof_o be_v that_o of_o a_o common_a and_o private_a soldier_n for_o such_o they_o can_v hire_v from_o england_n scotland_n and_o germany_n to_o venture_v their_o life_n for_o 6_o penny_n a_o day_n whilst_o themselves_o safe_o and_o quiet_o follow_v such_o trade_n whereby_o the_o mean_a of_o they_o gain_v 6_o time_n as_o much_o and_o withal_o by_o this_o entertain_n of_o stranger_n for_o soldier_n their_o country_n become_v more_o and_o more_o people_v forasmuch_o as_o the_o child_n of_o such_o stranger_n be_v hollander_n and_o take_v to_o trade_n whilst_o new_a stranger_n be_v admit_v in_o finitum_fw-la beside_o these_o soldier_n at_o convenient_a interval_n do_v at_o least_o as_o much_o work_n as_o be_v equivalent_a to_o what_o they_o spend_v and_o consequent_o by_o this_o way_n of_o employ_v of_o stranger_n for_o soldier_n they_o people_n the_o country_n and_o save_v their_o own_o person_n from_o danger_n and_o misery_n without_o any_o real_a expense_n effect_v by_o this_o method_n what_o other_o have_v in_o vain_a attemp_v by_o law_n for_o naturalise_v of_o stranger_n as_o if_o man_n can_v be_v charm_v to_o transport_v themselves_o from_o their_o own_o native_a into_o a_o foreign_a country_n mere_o by_o word_n and_o for_o the_o bare_a leave_n of_o be_v call_v by_o a_o new_a name_n in_o ireland_n law_n for_o naturalisation_n have_v have_v little_a effect_n to_o bring_v in_o alien_n and_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n if_o englishman_n will_v not_o go_v thither_o without_o they_o may_v have_v the_o pay_n of_o soldier_n or_o some_o other_o advantage_n amount_v to_o maintenance_n have_v intimate_v the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o hollander_n do_v increase_v their_o people_n i_o shall_v here_o digress_v to_o set_v down_o the_o way_n of_o compute_v the_o value_n of_o every_o head_n one_o with_o another_o and_o that_o the_o instance_n of_o people_n in_o england_n viz._n suppose_v the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v six_o million_o in_o number_n that_o their_o expense_n at_o 7_o pound_n per_fw-la head_n be_v forty_o two_o million_o suppose_v also_o that_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n be_v eight_o million_o and_o the_o profit_n of_o all_o the_o personal_a estate_n be_v six_o million_o more_o it_o must_v needs_o follow_v that_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o people_n have_v supply_v the_o remain_v thirty_o six_o million_o the_o which_o multiply_v by_o twenty_o the_o mass_n of_o mankind_n be_v worth_a twenty_o year_n purchase_n as_o well_o as_o land_n make_v five_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o million_o as_o the_o value_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n which_o number_n divide_v by_o six_o million_o make_v above_o eight_o pound_n sterling_a to_o be_v the_o value_n of_o each_o head_n man_n woman_n and_o child_n and_o of_o a_o dull_a person_n twice_o as_o much_o from_o whence_o we_o may_v learn_v to_o compute_v the_o loss_n we_o have_v sustain_v by_o the_o plague_n by_o the_o slaughter_n of_o man_n in_o war_n and_o by_o send_v they_o abroad_o unto_o the_o service_n of_o foreign_a prince_n the_o other_o trade_n the_o hollander_n have_v ride_v their_o hand_n of_o be_v the_o old_a patriarchal_a trade_n of_o be_v cowkeeper_n and_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n of_o which_o concern_v plough_v and_o sow_v of_o corn_n have_v put_v that_o employment_n upon_o the_o dane_n and_o polander_n from_o whence_o they_o have_v their_o young_a cattle_n and_o corn._n here_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o as_o trade_n and_o curious_a art_n increase_v so_o the_o trade_n of_o husbandry_n will_v decrease_v unless_o the_o wage_n of_o husbandman_n must_v rise_v and_o consequent_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n must_v fall_v for_o proof_n whereof_o i_o dare_v affirm_v that_o if_o 〈…〉_z landman_n of_o england_n who_o now_o 〈…〉_z penny_n a_o day_n or_o thereabouts_o can_v become_v tradesman_n and_o earn_v sixteen_o penny_n a_o day_n which_o be_v no_o great_a wage_n two_o shilling_n and_o two_o shilling_n and_o six_o penny_n be_v usual_o give_v that_o then_o it_o will_v be_v the_o advantage_n of_o england_n to_o throw_v up_o their_o husbandry_n and_o make_v no_o use_n of_o their_o land_n but_o for_o grass_n horse_n milch-cow_n garden_n and_o orchard_n etc._n etc._n which_o if_o it_o be_v so_o and_o that_o trade_n and_o manufacture_n have_v increase_v in_o england_n viz._n if_o a_o quarter_n part_n of_o the_o people_n apply_v themselves_o to_o these_o faculty_n more_o than_o they_o do_v heretofore_o and_o if_o the_o price_n of_o corn_n be_v no_o great_a now_o than_o when_o husbandman_n be_v more_o numerous_a and_o tradesman_n few_o it_o follow_v from_o the_o single_a reason_n though_o other_o may_v be_v add_v that_o if_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n must_v fall_v as_o for_o example_n suppose_v the_o price_n of_o wheat_n be_v fifty_o or_o sixty_o penny_n the_o bushel_n now_o if_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n whereon_o it_o grow_v be_v the_o three_o sheaf_n then_o of_o the_o sixty_o penny_n twenty_o penny_n be_v for_o the_o land_n and_o forty_o penny_n for_o the_o husbandman_n but_o if_o the_o husbandman_n wage_n shall_v rise_v ⅛_n part_n or_o from_o eight_o to_o nine_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la then_o the_o husbandman_n share_n in_o the_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n raise_v from_o forty_o to_o forty_o five_o penny_n and_o consequent_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n must_v fall_v from_o twenty_o to_o fifteen_o penny_n for_o we_o suppose_v the_o price_n of_o the_o wheat_n still_o remain_v especial_o since_o we_o can_v raise_v it_o for_o if_o we_o do_v attempt_v it_o corn_n will_v be_v bring_v unto_o we_o as_o unto_o holland_n
from_o foreign_a part_n where_o the_o state_n of_o husbandry_n be_v not_o change_v and_o thus_o i_o have_v do_v with_o the_o first_o principal_a conclusion_n that_o a_o small_a territory_n and_o even_o a_o few_o people_n may_v by_o situation_n trade_n and_o policy_n be_v make_v equivalent_a to_o a_o far_o great_a and_o that_o convenience_n for_o ship_n and_o water-carriage_n do_v most_o eminent_o and_o fundamental_o conduce_v thereunto_o chap._n ii_o that_o some_o kind_n of_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n may_v rather_o increase_v then_o diminish_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o kingdom_n if_o the_o money_n or_o other_o effect_n levy_v from_o the_o people_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v destroy_v and_o annihilate_v then_o it_o be_v clear_a that_o such_o levy_n will_v diminish_v the_o commonwealth_n or_o if_o the_o same_o be_v export_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n without_o any_o return_n at_o all_o than_o the_o case_n will_v be_v also_o the_o same_o but_o if_o what_o be_v levy_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v only_o transfer_v from_o one_o hand_n to_o another_o than_o we_o be_v only_o to_o consider_v whether_o the_o say_a money_n or_o commodity_n be_v take_v from_o a_o improve_n hand_n and_o give_v to_o a_o ill_a husband_n or_o vice_fw-la versa_fw-la as_o for_o example_n suppose_v money_n by_o way_n of_o tax_n be_v take_v from_o one_o who_o spend_v in_o superfluous_a eat_v and_o drink_v and_o deliver_v to_o another_o who_o employ_v the_o same_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n in_o fish_v in_o work_v of_o mine_n and_o manufacture_n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o such_o tax_n be_v a_o advantage_n to_o the_o state_n whereof_o the_o say_v different_a person_n be_v member_n nay_o if_o money_n be_v take_v from_o he_o who_o spend_v the_o same_o as_o aforesaid_a upon_o eat_v and_o drink_v or_o any_o other_o perish_v commodity_n and_o transfer_v to_o one_o who_o bestow_v it_o on_o clothes_n i_o say_v that_o even_o in_o this_o case_n the_o commonwealth_n have_v some_o little_a advantage_n because_o clothes_n do_v not_o perish_v altogether_o so_o soon_o as_o drink_n but_o if_o spend_v in_o furniture_n of_o house_n the_o advantage_n be_v yet_o little_o more_o if_o in_o building_n of_o house_n yet_o more_o if_o in_o improve_n of_o land_n work_v of_o mine_n and_o fish_n yet_o more_o but_o most_o of_o all_o in_o bring_v gold_n and_o silver_n into_o the_o country_n because_o those_o thing_n be_v not_o only_o perishable_a but_o be_v esteemable_a for_o wealth_n at_o all_o time_n and_o every_o where_o whereas_o other_o commodity_n which_o be_v perishable_a or_o who_o value_n depend_v upon_o the_o fashion_n or_o which_o be_v contingent_o scarce_o and_o plentiful_a be_v wealth_n pro_fw-la hic_fw-la &_o nunc_fw-la as_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o say_v in_o the_o next_o place_n if_o the_o people_n of_o any_o country_n who_o have_v not_o already_o a_o full_a employment_n shall_v be_v enjoin_v or_o tax_v to_o work_v upon_o such_o commodity_n as_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o i_o say_v such_o a_o tax_n do_v also_o improve_v the_o commonwealth_n moreover_o if_o person_n who_o live_v by_o beg_v cheat_a steal_v game_n borrow_v without_o intention_n of_o restore_a who_o by_o these_o way_n do_v get_v from_o the_o credulous_a and_o careless_a more_o than_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o subsistance_n of_o such_o person_n i_o say_v that_o though_o the_o state_n shall_v have_v no_o present_a employment_n for_o such_o person_n and_o consequent_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o clear_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o their_o livelihood_n yet_o it_o be_v more_o for_o the_o public_a profit_n to_o give_v all_o such_o person_n a_o regular_a and_o competent_a allowance_n by_o a_o public_a tax_n then_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o spend_v extravagant_o at_o the_o only_a charge_n of_o careless_a and_o credulous_a and_o good_a nature_a people_n and_o to_o expose_v the_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o many_o other_o man_n who_o life_n be_v take_v away_o for_o the_o crime_n which_o ill_a discipline_n do_v occasion_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o the_o stock_n of_o laborious_a and_o ingenious_a man_n who_o be_v not_o only_o beautify_v the_o country_n where_o they_o live_v by_o elegant_a diet_n apparel_n furniture_n house_n pleasant_a garden_n and_o orchard_n and_o public_a edifice_n etc._n etc._n but_o also_o be_v increase_v the_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o jewel_n thereof_o by_o trade_n and_o arm_n i_o say_v if_o the_o stock_n of_o these_o man_n shall_v be_v diminish_v by_o a_o tax_n and_o transfer_v to_o such_o as_o do_v nothing_o at_o all_o but_o to_o eat_v drink_v sing_v play_n dance_z nay_o to_o such_o as_o study_v the_o metaphysic_n or_o other_o needless_a speculation_n or_o else_o employ_v themselves_o in_o any_o other_o way_n which_o produce_v no_o material_a thing_n or_o thing_n of_o real_a use_n and_o value_n in_o the_o common_a wealth_n in_o this_o case_n the_o wealth_n of_o the_o public_a will_v be_v diminish_v otherwise_o then_o as_o such_o exercise_n be_v recreation_n and_o refreshment_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o which_o be_v moderate_o use_v do_v qualify_v and_o dispose_v man_n to_o what_o in_o itself_o be_v more_o considerable_a wherefore_o upon_o the_o whole_a matter_n to_o know_v whether_o a_o tax_n will_v do_v good_a or_o harm_n the_o state_n of_o the_o people_n and_o of_o their_o employment_n must_v be_v well_o know_v that_o be_v to_o say_v what_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v unfit_a for_o labour_n by_o their_o impotency_n and_o infancy_n and_o also_o what_o part_n be_v exempt_a from_o the_o same_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o wealth_n function_n or_o dignity_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o charge_n and_o employment_n otherwise_o govern_v direct_v and_o prefer_v those_o who_o be_v appoint_v to_o labour_n and_o arts._n in_o the_o next_o place_n computation_n must_v be_v make_v what_o part_n of_o those_o who_o be_v fit_a for_o labour_n and_o art_n as_o aforesaid_a be_v able_a to_o perform_v the_o work_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o its_o present_a state_n and_o measure_n 3._o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o the_o remainder_n can_v make_v all_o or_o any_o part_n of_o these_o commodity_n which_o be_v import_v from_o abroad_o which_o of_o they_o and_o how_o much_o in_o particular_a the_o remainder_n of_o such_o sort_n of_o people_n if_o any_o be_v may_v safe_o and_o without_o possible_a prejudice_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v employ_v in_o art_n and_o exercise_n of_o pleasure_n and_o ornament_n the_o great_a whereof_o be_v the_o improvement_n of_o natural_a knowledge_n have_v in_o general_a illustrate_v this_o point_n which_o i_o think_v needs_o no_o other_o proof_n but_o illustration_n i_o come_v next_o to_o intimate_v that_o no_o part_n of_o europe_n have_v pay_v so_o much_o by_o way_n of_o tax_n as_o holland_n and_o zealand_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n and_o yet_o no_o country_n have_v in_o the_o same_o time_n increase_v comparable_o to_o they_o and_o it_o be_v manifest_a they_o have_v follow_v the_o general_a rate_n abovementioned_a for_o they_o tax_v meat_n and_o drink_n most_o heavy_o of_o all_o to_o restrain_v the_o excessive_a expense_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o twenty_o four_o hour_n do_v as_o to_o the_o use_n of_o man_n whole_o annihilate_v and_o they_o be_v more_o favourable_a to_o commodity_n to_o the_o great_a duration_n nor_o do_v they_o tax_v according_a to_o what_o man_n gain_v but_o in_o extraordinary_a case_n but_o always_o according_a to_o what_o man_n spend_v and_o most_o of_o all_o to_o what_o they_o spend_v needless_o and_o without_o prospect_n of_o return_n upon_o which_o ground_n their_o custom_n upon_o good_n import_v and_o export_v be_v general_o low_a as_o if_o they_o intend_v by_o they_o only_o to_o keep_v a_o account_n of_o what_o foreign_a trade_n and_o to_o retaliate_v upon_o their_o neighbour_n state_n the_o prejudices_fw-la do_v they_o by_o their_o prohibition_n and_o imposition_n it_o be_v far_a to_o be_v observe_v that_o since_o thâ—_n year_n 1636_o the_o tax_n and_o public_a levy_n make_v in_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n have_v be_v prodigious_o great_a than_o at_o any_o time_n heretofore_o and_o yet_o the_o say_a kingdom_n have_v increase_v in_o their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n for_o these_o last_o forty_o year_n as_o shall_v hereafter_o be_v show_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o french_a king_n do_v at_o present_a levy_v the_o five_o part_n of_o his_o people_n wealth_n and_o yet_o great_a obstruction_n be_v make_v of_o the_o present_a riches_n and_o strength_n of_o that_o kingdom_n although_o great_a care_n must_v be_v have_v in_o distinguish_v between_o the_o wealth_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o of_o a_o absolute_a monarch_n who_o take_v from_o the_o people_n where_o when_o and_o in_o what_o proportion_n he_o please_v the_o subject_n of_o two_o monarch_n may_v be_v equal_o rich_a and_o yet_o one_o
price_n of_o victual_n than_o it_o plain_o follow_v that_o till_o then_o three_o acre_n improve_v as_o it_o may_v be_v will_v serve_v the_o turn_n and_o consequent_o that_o four_o will_v suffice_v abundant_o i_o can_v here_o set_v down_o the_o very_a number_n of_o acre_n that_o will_v bear_v bread_n and_o drink_n corn_n together_o with_o flesh_n butter_n and_o cheese_n sufficient_a to_o victual_v nine_o million_o of_o person_n as_o they_o be_v victual_v in_o ship_n and_o regular_a family_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o say_v in_o general_a that_o 12,000,00_o will_v do_v it_o with_o suppose_v that_o root_n fruit_n fish_n and_o fowl_n and_o the_o ordinary_a profit_n of_o lead_n tin_n iron-mine_n and_o wood_n will_v piece_v up_o any_o defect_n that_o may_v be_v find_v as_o to_o the_o second_o i_o say_v that_o the_o land_n and_o house_n of_o ireland_n and_o highland_n of_o scotland_n at_o the_o present_a merchant-rate_n be_v not_o worth_a ten_o million_o of_o money_n nor_o will_v the_o actual_a charge_n of_o make_v the_o transplantation_n amount_v to_o two_o million_o more_o so_o than_o the_o question_n will_v be_v whether_o the_o benefit_n expect_v from_o this_o transplantation_n will_v exceed_v two_o million_o to_o which_o i_o say_v that_o the_o advantage_n will_v probable_o be_v six_o time_n the_o last_o mention_v sum_n or_o about_o seventy_o two_o million_o for_o if_o the_o rent_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n and_o the_o low_a land_n of_o scotland_n be_v above_o nine_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o if_o this_o five_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v superad_v unto_o the_o present_a inhabitant_n of_o these_o country_n then_o the_o rent_n will_v amount_v to_o 10,800,000_o and_o the_o number_n of_o year_n purchase_n will_v rise_v from_o seventeen_o ½_o to_o ⅕_n more_o which_o be_v twenty_o one_o so_o that_o the_o land_n which_o be_v worth_a but_o nine_o million_o at_o seventeen_o ½_o year_n purchase_v make_v a_o hundred_o fifty_o seven_o million_o and_o a_o half_a will_v then_o be_v worth_a 10,800,000_o at_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n purchase_v viz._n 226,800,000_o that_o be_v 69,300,000_o more_o than_o be_v before_o and_o if_o any_o prince_n willing_a to_o enlarge_v his_o territory_n will_v give_v three_o million_o for_o the_o say_v relinquish_v land_n and_o house_n which_o be_v estimate_v to_o be_v worth_a ten_o million_o than_o the_o whole_a profit_n will_v be_v above_o 72,000,000_o or_o six_o time_n the_o value_n as_o the_o same_o be_v above_o compute_v but_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v object_v that_o will_v be_v dangerous_a unto_o england_n to_o be_v put_v into_o the_o land_n of_o any_o other_o nation_n i_o answer_v in_o short_a that_o that_o nation_n who_o ever_o shall_v purchase_v it_o be_v divide_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o say_a purchase_n shall_v not_o be_v more_o able_a to_o enjoy_v england_n then_o now_o in_o its_o unite_a condition_n now_o if_o any_o man_n shall_v desire_v a_o more_o clear_a explanation_n how_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o rent_n of_o land_n shall_v rise_v by_o this_o close_a cohabitation_n of_o people_n above_o describe_v i_o answer_v that_o the_o advantage_n will_v arise_v in_o transplant_n about_o eighteen_o thousand_o people_n from_o the_o poor_a and_o miserable_a trade_n of_o husbandry_n to_o more_o beneficial_a handicraft_n for_o which_o the_o superaddition_n be_v to_o be_v make_v a_o very_a little_a addition_n of_o husbandry_n to_o the_o same_o land_n will_v produce_v a_o five_o part_v more_o food_n consequent_o the_o additional_a hand_n earn_v but_o forty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it as_o they_o may_v very_o well_o to_o eight_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la at_o some_o other_o trade_n the_o superlucration_n will_v be_v above_o 3,600,000_o pound_n which_o at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n be_v seventy_o two_o million_o moreover_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o city_n and_o town_n spend_v more_o commodity_n and_o make_v great_a consumption_n than_o those_o who_o live_v in_o wild_a thin_a people_v country_n so_o when_o england_n shall_v be_v thick_a people_v in_o manner_n before_o describe_v the_o very_a same_o people_n shall_v then_o spend_v more_o than_o when_o they_o live_v more_o sordid_o inurbant_o and_o further_a asunder_o and_o more_o out_o of_o the_o sight_n observation_n and_o emulation_n of_o each_o other_o every_o man_n desire_v to_o put_v on_o better_a apparel_n when_o he_o appear_v in_o company_n then_o when_o he_o have_v no_o occasion_n to_o be_v see_v i_o further_o add_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n civil_a military_a and_o ecclesiastical_a will_v be_v more_o cheap_a safe_a and_o effectual_a in_o this_o condition_n of_o close_a habitation_n then_o otherwise_o as_o not_o only_a reason_n but_o the_o example_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n do_v demonstrate_v but_o let_v this_o whole_a digression_n pass_v from_o a_o mere_a dream_n i_o suppose_v will_v serve_v to_o prove_v that_o in_o case_n the_o king_n of_o england_n territory_n shall_v be_v a_o little_a less_o than_o those_o of_o the_o french_a king_n that_o forasmuch_o as_o neither_o of_o they_o be_v over_o people_v that_o the_o difference_n be_v not_o material_a to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n wherefore_o suppose_v the_o french_a king_n advantage_n to_o be_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o point_n of_o territory_n we_o come_v next_o to_o examine_v and_o compare_v the_o number_n of_o subject_n which_o each_o of_o those_o monarch_n do_v govern_v the_o book_n call_v the_o state_n of_o france_n make_v the_o kingdom_n consist_v of_o twenty_o seven_o parish_n and_o another_o book_n write_v by_o a_o substantial_a author_n who_o profound_o inquire_v into_o the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n and_o churchman_n of_o france_n set_v down_o as_o a_o extraordinary_a case_n that_o a_o parish_n in_o france_n shall_v have_v six_o hundred_o soul_n where_o i_o suppose_v the_o say_a author_n who_o have_v so_o well_o examine_v the_o matter_n be_v not_o of_o opinion_n that_o every_o parish_n one_o with_o another_o have_v above_o five_o hundred_o by_o which_o reckon_v the_o whole_a people_n of_o france_n be_v about_o thirteen_o million_o 500,000_o now_o the_o people_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n with_o the_o island_n adjoin_v by_o computation_n from_o the_o number_n of_o parish_n which_o common_o have_v more_o people_n in_o protestant_a church_n then_o in_o popish_a country_n as_o also_o from_o the_o hearth-money_n post-money_n and_o excise_n do_v amount_v to_o above_o nine_o million_o there_o be_v in_o new_a england_n about_o fifty_o thousand_o man_n muster_v in_o arm_n about_o eighty_o thousand_o able_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o consequent_o about_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o in_o all_o but_o this_o last_o i_o leave_v to_o every_o man_n conjecture_n and_o i_o see_v no_o reason_n why_o in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o plantation_n there_o shall_v not_o be_v five_o hundred_o thousand_o more_o and_o consequent_o i_o suppose_v the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v above_o ten_o million_o of_o subjest_n ubivis_fw-la terrarum_fw-la orbis_fw-la although_o it_o be_v very_o material_a to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o subject_n belong_v to_o each_o prince_n yet_o when_o the_o question_n be_v concern_v their_o wealth_n and_o strength_n it_o be_v also_o material_a to_o examine_v how_o many_o of_o they_o do_v get_v more_o than_o they_o spend_v and_o how_o many_o less_o in_o order_n whereunto_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n there_o be_v twenty_o thousand_o churchman_n but_o in_o france_n as_o the_o aforementioned_a author_n of_o they_o do_v aver_v who_o set_v down_o the_o particular_a number_n of_o each_o religious_a order_n there_o be_v about_o 270000._o viz._n 250000._o more_o than_o we_o think_v be_v necessary_a that_o be_v to_o say_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o with-drawn_a out_o of_o the_o world_n now_o the_o say_a number_n of_o adult_n and_o able-bodyed_n person_n be_v equivalent_a to_o about_o double_a the_o same_o number_n of_o the_o promiscuous_a mass_n of_o mankind_n and_o the_o same_o author_n affirm_v that_o the_o say_v religious_a person_n do_v spend_v one_o with_o another_o above_o eighteen_o penny_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la which_o be_v triple_a to_o what_o a_o labour_a man_n require_v wherefore_o the_o say_v two_o hundred_o &_o fifty_o thousand_o churchman_n live_v as_o they_o do_v make_v the_o french_a king_n 13,500_o thousand_o to_o be_v real_o no_o better_o than_o twelve_o million_o or_o thereabouts_o in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o inner_a part_n of_o france_n remote_a from_o the_o sea_n can_v be_v probable_o superlucrator_n now_o if_o there_o be_v two_o million_o in_o the_o king_n of_o england_n dominion_n more_o than_o in_o the_o french_a king_n who_o earn_v more_o than_o they_o spend_v or_o if_o ten_o man_n in_o england_n earn_v more_o than_o twelve_o in_o france_n than_o the_o
as_o it_o be_v disfranchise_v and_o loose_v that_o interest_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n which_o they_o have_v in_o england_n and_o pay_v custom_n as_o forrainger_n for_o all_o they_o spend_v in_o ireland_n whither_o they_o be_v send_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o benefit_n of_o england_n the_o three_o impediment_n be_v that_o ireland_n be_v a_o conquer_a country_n and_o contain_v not_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o as_o many_o irish_a mastiff_n as_o there_o be_v english_a in_o both_o kingdom_n that_o natural_a and_o firm_a union_n be_v not_o make_v between_o the_o two_o peoples_n by_o transplantation_n and_o proportionable_a mixture_n so_o as_o there_o may_v be_v a_o ten_o part_n of_o irish_a in_o ireland_n and_o the_o same_o proportion_n in_o england_n whereby_o the_o necessity_n of_o maintain_v a_o army_n in_o england_n at_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o quarter_n of_o all_o the_o rent_n of_o that_o kingdom_n may_v be_v take_v away_o the_o four_o impediment_n be_v that_o the_o tax_n in_o england_n be_v not_o levy_v upon_o the_o expense_n but_o the_o whole_a estate_n not_o upon_o land_n stock_n and_o labour_n but_o chief_o upon_o land_n alone_o and_o that_o not_o by_o any_o equal_a and_o indifferent_a standard_n but_o the_o casual_a predominacy_n of_o party_n and_o faction_n and_o moreover_o that_o these_o tax_n be_v not_o levy_v with_o the_o least_o trouble_n and_o charge_n but_o let_v out_o to_o farmer_n who_o also_o let_v they_o from_o one_o to_o another_o without_o explicit_a knowledge_n of_o what_o they_o do_v but_o so_o be_v to_o conclude_v the_o poor_a people_n pay_v twice_o as_o much_o as_o the_o king_n receive_v now_o the_o five_o impediment_n be_v the_o inequality_n of_o shire_n diocese_n parish_n church-living_n and_o other_o precinct_n as_o also_o of_o the_o representation_n of_o the_o people_n in_o parliament_n all_o which_o do_v hinder_v the_o operation_n of_o authority_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o a_o wheel_n irregular_o make_v and_o excentrical_o hang_v neither_o move_v so_o easy_o nor_o perform_v its_o work_n so_o timely_a as_o if_o the_o same_o be_v due_o frame_v and_o poise_v 6._o whether_o it_o be_v a_o impediment_n that_o the_o power_n of_o make_v war_n and_o raise_v money_n be_v not_o in_o the_o same_o hand_n much_o may_v be_v say_v but_o that_o i_o leave_v to_o those_o who_o may_v more_o proper_o meddle_v with_o fundamental_a law_n none_o of_o these_o impediment_n be_v natural_a but_o do_v arise_v as_o the_o irregularity_n of_o building_n do_v by_o be_v build_v part_n at_o one_o time_n and_o part_n at_o another_o and_o by_o the_o change_n of_o the_o state_n of_o thing_n from_o what_o they_o be_v at_o the_o respective_a time_n when_o the_o practice_n we_o complain_v of_o be_v first_o admit_v and_o perhaps_o be_v but_o the_o warping_n from_o the_o rectitude_n of_o the_o first_o institution_n as_o these_o impediment_n be_v contingent_a so_o they_o be_v also_o removable_a for_o may_v not_o the_o land_n of_o superfluous_a territory_n be_v sell_v and_o the_o people_n with_o their_o moveable_n be_v bring_v away_o may_v not_o the_o english_a in_o the_o american_n plantation_n who_o plant_v tobacco_n sugar_n etc._n etc._n compute_v what_o land_n will_v serve_v their_o turn_n and_o then_o contract_v their_o habitation_n to_o that_o proportion_n for_o quantity_n and_o quality_n as_o for_o the_o people_n of_o new_a england_n i_o can_v but_o wish_v they_o be_v transplant_v into_o old_a england_n or_o ireland_n according_a to_o proposal_n of_o their_o own_o make_v within_o this_o twenty_o year_n although_o they_o be_v allow_v more_o liberty_n of_o conscience_n than_o they_o allow_v one_o another_o may_v not_o the_o three_o kingdom_n be_v unite_v into_o one_o and_o equal_o represent_v in_o parliament_n may_v not_o the_o several_a species_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v equal_o mix_v in_o their_o habitation_n may_v not_o parish_n and_o other_o precinct_n be_v better_o equalise_v may_v not_o jurisdiction_n and_o pretence_n of_o power_n be_v determine_v and_o ascertain_v may_v not_o tax_n be_v equal_o aplot_v and_o direct_o apply_v to_o their_o ultimate_a use_n may_v not_o dissenter_n in_o religion_n be_v indulge_v they_o pay_v a_o competent_a force_n to_o keep_v the_o publick-peace_n i_o humble_o venture_v to_o say_v all_o these_o thing_n may_v be_v do_v if_o it_o be_v think_v fit_a by_o the_o sovereign_a power_n because_o the_o like_a have_v often_o and_o successful_o be_v do_v already_o at_o several_a place_n and_o time_n chap._n vi_o that_o the_o power_n and_o wealth_n of_o england_n have_v increase_v these_o last_o forty_o year_n it_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o territory_n under_o the_o king_n dominion_n have_v increase_v for_o as_o much_o as_o new-england_n virginia_n barbados_n and_o jamaica_n tangier_n and_o bombay_n have_v since_o that_o time_n be_v either_o add_v to_o his_o majesty_n territory_n or_o improve_v from_o a_o desert_n condition_n to_o abound_v with_o the_o people_n building_n ship_n and_o the_o production_n of_o many_o useful_a commodity_n and_o as_o for_o the_o land_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n as_o it_o be_v not_o less_o in_o quantity_n than_o it_o be_v forty_o year_n since_o so_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o by_o reason_n of_o drain_n of_o fen_n water_v of_o dry_a ground_n improve_n of_o forest_n and_o commons_o make_v of_o heath_n and_o barren_a ground_n to_o bear_v cinquefole_a and_o clovergrass_n meliorate_n and_o multiply_v several_a sort_n of_o fruit_n and_o garden-stuff_n make_v some_o river_n navigable_a etc._n etc._n i_o say_v it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o land_n in_o its_o present_a condition_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v more_o provision_n and_o commodity_n than_o it_o be_v forty_o year_n ago_o 2._o although_o the_o people_n of_o england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n which_o have_v extraordinary_o perish_v by_o the_o plague_n and_o sword_n within_o this_o last_o forty_o year_n do_v amount_v to_o about_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o above_o what_o have_v die_v in_o the_o ordinary_a way_n yet_o the_o ordinary_a increase_n by_o generation_n of_o ten_o million_o which_o double_v in_o two_o hundred_o year_n as_o have_v be_v show_v by_o the_o observation_n upon_o the_o bill_n of_o mortality_n may_v in_o forty_o year_n which_o be_v a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o say_a time_n have_v increase_v near_o a_o five_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a number_n or_o two_o million_o where_o note_n by_o the_o way_n that_o the_o accession_n of_o negro_n to_o the_o american_n plantation_n be_v all_o man_n of_o great_a labour_n and_o little_a expense_n be_v not_o considerable_a beside_o it_o be_v hope_v that_o new-england_n where_o few_o or_o no_o woman_n be_v barren_a and_o must_v have_v many_o child_n and_o where_o people_n live_v long_o and_o healthful_o have_v produce_v a_o increase_n of_o as_o many_o people_n as_o be_v destroy_v in_o the_o late_a tumult_n in_o ireland_n as_o for_o house_n these_o street_n of_o london_n itself_o speak_v it_o i_o conceive_v it_o double_a in_o value_n in_o that_o city_n to_o what_o it_o be_v forty_o year_n since_o and_o for_o house_n in_o the_o country_n they_o have_v increase_v at_o bristol_n newcastle_n yarmouth_n norwich_n exeter_n portsmouth_n cowes_n dublin_n kingsale_n londondary_a coolervin_n in_o ireland_n far_o beyond_o the_o proportion_n of_o what_o i_o can_v learn_v have_v be_v dilapidate_v in_o other_o place_n for_o in_o ireland_n where_o the_o ruin_n be_v great_a the_o house_n take_v altogether_o be_v now_o more_o valuable_a than_o forty_o year_n ago_o nor_o be_v this_o to_o be_v doubt_v since_o house_n be_v now_o more_o splendid_a then_o in_o those_o day_n and_o the_o number_n of_o dweller_n be_v increase_v by_o near_o a_o five_o part_n as_o in_o the_o last_o paragraph_n be_v set_v forth_o as_o for_o ship_n his_o majesty_n navy_n be_v now_o triple_a or_o quadruple_a to_o what_o it_o be_v forty_o year_n since_o and_o before_o the_o sovereign_n be_v build_v the_o shipping-trading_a to_o newcastle_n which_o be_v now_o about_o eighty_o thousand_o tun_n can_v not_o then_o be_v above_o a_o quarter_n of_o that_o quantity_n first_o because_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v double_v second_o because_o the_o use_n of_o coal_n be_v also_o at_o least_o double_v because_o they_o be_v heretofore_o seldom_o use_v in_o chamber_n as_o now_o they_o be_v nor_o be_v there_o so_o many_o brick_n burn_v with_o they_o as_o of_o late_a nor_o do_v the_o country_n on_o both_o side_n the_o thames_n make_v use_v of_o they_o as_o now_o beside_o there_o be_v employ_v in_o the_o guinny_n and_o american_n trade_n above_o forty_o thousand_o tun_n of_o ship_n which_o trade_n in_o those_o day_n be_v inconsiderable_a the_o quantity_n of_o wine_n import_v be_v not_o near_o so_o much_o as_o now_o and_o to_o be_v short_a the_o custom_n upon_o import_v and_o export_v
commodity_n do_v not_o then_o yield_v a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o present_a value_n which_o show_v that_o not_o only_a ship_n but_o trade_n itself_o have_v increase_v somewhat_o near_o that_o proportion_n as_o to_o money_n the_o interest_n thereof_o be_v within_o these_o fifty_o year_n at_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la cent_n forty_o year_n ago_o at_o eight_o pound_n and_o now_o at_o six_o pound_n no_o thanks_o to_o any_o law_n which_o have_v be_v make_v to_o that_o purpose_n for_o as_o much_o as_o those_o who_o can_v give_v good_a security_n may_v now_o have_v it_o less_o but_o the_o natural_a fall_n of_o interest_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o money_n moreover_o if_o rent_a land_n and_o house_n have_v increase_v and_o if_o trade_n have_v increase_v also_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o money_n which_o pay_v those_o rent_n and_o drive_v on_o trade_n must_v have_v increase_v also_o last_o i_o leave_v it_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o all_o observer_n whether_o the_o number_n and_o splendour_n of_o coach_n equipage_n and_o household_n furniture_n have_v not_o increase_v since_o that_o time_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o postage_n of_o letter_n which_o have_v increase_v from_o one_o to_o twenty_o which_o argue_v the_o increase_n of_o business_n and_o negotiation_n i_o must_v add_v that_o his_o majesty_n revenue_n be_v near_o triple_a and_o therefore_o the_o mean_n to_o pay_v and_o bear_v the_o same_o have_v increase_v also_o chap._n vii_o that_o one_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n be_v sufficient_a to_o maintain_v one_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n at_o sea_n and_o defray_v all_o other_o charge_n of_o the_o government_n both_o ordinary_a and_o extraordinary_a if_o the_o same_o be_v regular_o tax_v and_o raise_v to_o clear_v this_o point_n we_o be_v to_o find_v out_o what_o be_v the_o middle_a expense_n of_o each_o head_n in_o the_o king_n dominion_n between_o the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a to_o which_o i_o say_v it_o be_v not_o probable_o less_o than_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o labourer_n who_o yearn_v about_o eight_o penny_n a_o day_n for_o the_o wage_n of_o such_o man_n be_v four_o shilling_n a_o week_n without_o victual_n or_o two_o shilling_n with_o it_o wherefore_o the_o value_n of_o his_o victual_n be_v two_o shilling_n per_fw-la week_n or_o five_o pound_n four_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la now_o the_o value_n of_o clothes_n can_v be_v less_o than_o wage_n give_v to_o the_o poor_a maid-servant_n in_o the_o country_n which_o be_v thirty_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la nor_o can_v the_o charge_n of_o all_o other_o necessary_n be_v less_o than_o six_o shilling_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_fw-it wherefore_o the_o whole_a charge_n be_v seven_o pound_n it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o this_o discourse_n will_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o any_o that_o life_n at_o seven_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o therefore_o such_o will_v wonder_v at_o this_o supposition_n but_o if_o they_o consider_v how_o much_o the_o number_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o their_o child_n be_v great_a then_o that_o of_o the_o rich_a although_o the_o personal_a expense_n of_o some_o rich_a man_n shall_v be_v above_o twenty_o time_n more_o than_o that_o of_o a_o labourer_n yet_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o labourer_n above_o mention_v may_v well_o enough_o stand_v for_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o expense_n of_o the_o whole_a mass_n of_o mankind_n now_o if_o the_o expense_n of_o each_o man_n one_o with_o another_o be_v seven_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o if_o the_o number_n of_o the_o king_n subject_n be_v ten_o thousand_o then_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a expense_n will_v be_v seven_o thousand_o but_o about_o five_o thousand_o or_o a_o very_a little_a more_o will_v amount_v to_o a_o year_n pay_v for_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n forty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n at_o sea_n winter_n and_o summer_n which_o can_v rare_o be_v necessary_a and_o other_o ordinary_a charge_n of_o the_o government_n in_o the_o time_n of_o deep_a and_o secute_v peace_n be_v not_o 600000_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la where_o a_o people_n thrive_v there_o the_o income_n be_v great_a than_o the_o expense_n and_o consequent_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o expense_n be_v not_o the_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o income_n now_o for_o man_n to_o pay_v a_o ten_o part_n of_o their_o expense_n in_o a_o time_n of_o great_a exigency_n for_o such_o it_o must_v be_v when_o so_o great_a force_n be_v requisite_a can_v be_v no_o hardship_n much_o less_o a_o deplorable_a conditon_n for_o to_o bear_v the_o ten_o part_n a_o man_n must_v needs_o spend_v a_o twenty_v part_n less_o and_o labour_v a_o twenty_o part_v more_o for_o half_a a_o hour_n per_fw-la diem_fw-la extraordinary_a both_o which_o in_o common_a experience_n be_v very_o tolerable_a here_o be_v very_o few_o in_o england_n who_o do_v not_o eat_v by_o a_o twenty_o part_v more_o than_o do_v they_o good_a and_o what_o misery_n be_v it_o instead_o of_o wear_v clothes_n of_o twenty_o shilling_n per_fw-la yard_n to_o be_v content_v with_o that_o of_o nineteen_o shilling_n few_o man_n have_v skill_n enough_o to_o discern_v the_o difference_n memorandum_n that_o all_o this_o while_n i_o suppose_v all_o of_o these_o ten_o thousand_o of_o people_n be_v obedient_a to_o their_o sovereign_n and_o within_o the_o reach_n of_o his_o power_n for_o as_o thing_n be_v otherwise_o so_o the_o calculation_n must_v be_v vary_v chap._n viii_o that_o there_o be_v spare_a hand_n enough_o among_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n to_o earn_v two_o million_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o now_o do_v and_o that_o there_o be_v also_o employment_n ready_a proper_a and_o sufficient_a for_o the_o purpose_n to_o prove_v this_o point_n we_o must_v inquire_v how_o much_o all_o the_o people_n can_v earn_v if_o they_o be_v dispose_v or_o necessitate_v to_o labour_n and_o have_v work_v whereupon_o to_o employ_v themselves_o and_o compare_v the_o sum_n with_o that_o of_o the_o total_a expense_n abovemention_v deduct_v the_o rent_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o land_n and_o stock_n which_o proper_o speak_v save_v so_o much_o labour_n now_o the_o proceed_v of_o the_o say_a land_n and_o stock_n in_o these_o country_n be_v about_o three_o part_n of_o seven_o of_o the_o whole_a expense_n so_o as_o where_o the_o expense_n be_v seventy_o thousand_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n and_o profit_n of_o all_o personal_a estate_n interest_n of_o money_n etc._n etc._n must_v be_v about_o thirty_o thousand_o and_o consequent_o the_o value_n of_o the_o labour_n forty_o thousand_o that_o be_v four_o pound_n per_fw-la head_n but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o about_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o mass_n of_o mankind_n be_v child_n males_n and_o female_n under_o seven_o year_n old_a from_o who_o little_a labour_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v that_o about_o another_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a people_n be_v such_o as_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o great_a estate_n tithe_n dignity_n office_n and_o profession_n be_v exempt_a from_o that_o kind_n of_o labour_n we_o now_o speak_v of_o their_o business_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v to_o govern_v regulate_v and_o direct_v the_o labour_n and_o action_n of_o other_o so_o that_o of_o ten_o million_o there_o be_v about_o six_o thousand_o &_o a_o half_a or_o two_o three_o which_o if_o need_n require_v may_v actual_o labour_v and_o of_o these_o some_o may_v earn_v three_o shilling_n a_o week_n some_o five_o shilling_n and_o some_o seven_o shilling_n that_o be_v all_o of_o they_o may_v earn_v five_o shilling_n a_o weak_a at_o a_o medium_n one_o with_o another_o or_o at_o least_o ten_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la allow_v for_o sickness_n and_o other_o accident_n whereby_o the_o whole_a may_v earn_v fifty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o be_v twenty_o five_o more_o than_o the_o expense_n the_o author_n of_o the_o state_n of_o england_n say_v that_o the_o child_n of_o norwich_n between_o six_o and_o sixteen_o year_n old_a do_v earn_v twelve_o thousand_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o spend_v now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o the_o people_n of_o norwich_n be_v a_o three_o hundred_o part_n of_o all_o the_o people_n in_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o account_n of_o hearth-money_n and_o about_o the_o five_o hundred_o part_n of_o all_o the_o king_n subject_n throughout_o the_o world_n it_o follow_v that_o all_o his_o majesty_n subject_n between_o six_o and_o sixteen_o year_n old_a may_v earn_v five_o thousand_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la more_o than_o they_o spend_v again_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o number_n of_o people_n above_o sixteen_o year_n old_a be_v double_a the_o number_n of_o those_o between_o six_o and_o