was created Earl of Bath in the 19th of Charles I. Aug. 13. 1643. His Father Sir Bevil Greenvil having been slain at Landsdown near this City by the Rebels It stands 15 Miles East of Bristol Long. 20. 16. Lat. 51. d. 21. m. Bathon a Valley in Macedonia where the Antients believed the Gyants Combated with the Gods Pausanias says they used to represent the manner of this Fight in some Sacrifices Baticala a small City of the East-Indies the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name the Prince whereof is a Tributary to the King of Bisnagar tho it is very small yet it has a capacious Haven § There is another of the same Name in the Island Ceylan which is the Capital of a Kingdom there and lately fallen into the Hands of the Hollanders Baticano a Promontory in Calabria in the Maps sometimes call'd Vaticano Battel a Town in Sussex Remarkable in the English History for the Victory of William the Conquerour here obtain'd over King Harold Octob. 14. 1066. In memory whereof he built an Abbey of the Name call'd Battel-Abbey It is a Market-Town in Hastings Rape Batter a large Province in Asia heretofore call'd Bactriana which see Batta a Province of the Kingdom of Congo in Africa Batten or Button an Island in the Indian Ocean to the West of the Island of Macassar Los Batuecos a People in the Kingdom of Leon in Spain inhabiting the Mountains betwixt Salamanca and Corica They are believed to descend from the Goths Bavais Bagacum Bagacum Nerviorum a very antient Town in Hainault in Flanders about 4 Leagues from Valenciennes and 6 from Mons. It was twice burnt in the last Age and repair'd again The Cerque Aqueduct and Inscriptions here are sufficient marks of its Antiquity It stands upon the little River Osneau Bavari Boij Bojares the first of the antient Germans that passed the Alps and fixed their Standards upon the Banks of Tiber. They carried their victorious Arms even into Greece beyond the Hellespont These were the antient Inhabitants of Bavaria See Bavaria Baudisten a Town in Lusatia a Territory belonging to the Elector of Saxony between Misnia and Bohemia where the Governour resides Bauge a small Town in Anjou in France where Charles VIII then Dolphin obtain'd a signal Victory against the English commanded by the Duke of Clarence who was there slain in 1420. It stands 3 Leagues from La Fleche upon the River Covesnon Built by the old Earls of Anjou § Another in the Province of Bresse in the same Kingdom giving the Title of a Marquess besides its Name to a Family who have been the Sovereigns of Bresse above 400 years In Latin Balgiacum the other Balgium Baugenci Balgentiacum a Town upon the Loyre In the Province of Orleans betwixt Blois and Orleans In 1152. a Council here Assembled to take Cognisance of the degree of Parentage betwixt Lewis VII King of France and Eleanor his Wife Dutchess of Guienne Daughter to William X. the last Duke of Aquitain which said Degree of Parentage rendred their Marriage nulland void from the beginning pronounced sentence of Divorce betwixt them whereupon the said Princess remarried to Henry Duke of Normandy afterwards Henry II. King of England and in her Right Aquitane fell to the Crown of England In 1428. the English took Baugenci under the Command of the Earl of Salisbury but abandoned it to the French the the Year after For some time it continued under particular Sovereigns who bought and sold it till the Year 1543. by arrest of Parliament it was united to the Demains of the Crown of France Baulme a Town in the higher Burgundy or Franche Comte 2 small Leagues from hence you see a natural deep and spacious Cave in the Earth which furnishes the Country with continual Ice in the Summer and in the Winter flows with Water Bauman a vast Cave in the County of Regenstein in the lower Saxony where they find numbers of Bones of divers Animals and sometimes of Men as big as Gyants Bautrey a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Strafford Bautzen Budisinum the principal Town of Lusatia in Germany seated upon the River Sprew 7 Leagues from Dresden East This place being attacked by the Duke of Saxony in the Year 1634 Goltz the Governor for the Emperor firing the Suburbs to give the Enemy a stop the fire in the confusion seized the Town and burnt it all down many Persons perishing in the Flames This place was thereupon left to the Elector of Saxony who is still possessed of it but before it was a Free and Imperial City Bayonue Baiona Boiatum a very large rich strong City seated upon the River Adour about 2 Leagues from the Sea in the Confines of the Kingdoms of France and Spain honored with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ausch and has a large Haven on the Brittish Sea It stands 6 Leagues from the Confines of Spain 7 from Dax to the West and 30 from Bourdeaux to the South There was a famous Congress in this City between Charles IX with Catharine de Medices his Mother and Elisabeth Sister of Charles Wife to Philip II. King of Spain in which an Agreement was closely made between the two Crowns to ruin the Protestant Religion both in France and the Low Countries which was followed by Rivers of Human Blood shed on that account this was in the Year 1566 and mentioned by Thuanus and Grotius § Also a Town in the Kingdom of Galicia in Spain near the mouth of the River Minho which falls into the Atlantick Ocean betwixt it and Lima. Baux a Town in Provence in France giving the Title of a Marquiss it is situated upon a Rock with a good Castle thereto near Arles There is an illustrious House of this Name in Provence and it is uncertain whether that has denominated the Castle of Baux or the Castle it Babaria called by the Germans Beyeren a Dukedom in Germany the second Circle in the Empire having its name from the Avares a People of the Huns who possessed this Country It is also call'd Bojaria from the Boii of France who once dwelt here And in the times of the Roman Empire Noricum Bounded on the North by Franconia on the West by Schwaben on the South by the Italian Alpes and on the the East by Austria and Bohemia Before the Treaty and Peace of Westphalia it had lesser Bounds but then it was not only raised in Honor the Duke of Bavaria being made the VIII Elector but enlarged as to its Extent This Country had Kings after it was Conquered from the Romans to the times of Arnolphus the Emperour and S. Lewis is said to have declared his Son Lewis King of Bavaria in the Year 817. From those times to ours they have had Dukes the first was Arnolphus slain by the Normans about the Year 891. The greatest part of this Country is Fruitful and well cultivated and has many noble and stately Cities the principal of
between the British Sea to the West the Garonne to the North and East and Spain to the South and was the ancient Aquitania and afterwards Novempopulonia that is the third part properly of the antient Aquitania in the division of the Emperour Augustus corrected by Adrian See Aquitaine It had this Name from the Gascoignes or Vascones a Spanish People which setled here and were Conquered by Theodebert and Theodorick Kings of France at last totally subdued by Dagobert another King of that Nation but ascribed by the Chronologers to Aribert a Contemporary King in 634. This Name is sometimes taken for all Gascony or the Generalité de Guienne or de Bourdeaux divided at present into eleven Parts Bourdelois Bazadois Condomois Armagnac Bearn Gascogne Basques Bigorre Comminges Baionne and Albret This Country for a long time belonged to the Crown of England as Dukes of Aquitaine It came in 1152. to Henry II. King of England in the Right of Eleanor his Wife Though King John was adjudged to have forfeited this and all his other Dominions in France by the pretended Murther of Arthur whereupon the French entered and in 1203. and 1204. Conquered Main Angiers and Normandy King John's Subjects not well agreeing with him yet in 1206. he made one Expedition to Rochel and took Mount Alban whereby he preserved Gascony And though his Son lost Rochel to the French in 1224. yet in 1225. by his Brother Richard Earl of Cornwal he reduced the Rebellious Gascoignes to Obedience and in 1242. attempted to recover Poictou but with no good success In 1259. for a Sum of Money given him by Lewis IX he resigned Normandy Main and Anjou reserving to himself Gascony Limosin and Aquitain in consideration whereof he was to have fifty thousands Crowns and from henceforward they were stiled Dukes of Guienne in the Possession of this the Kings of England continued till the twenty ninth Year of the Reign of Henry VI. which was the Year of our Lord 1452. when the Weakness of that Prince and the good Fortune of Charles VII deprived the English of all their Possessions in France ever since which time Gascony has been in the hands of the French It is observed as the French change the Letters V and W into G in the words Galles for Wales and Gascoigne for Vasconia so particularly the Gascoigners interchange the Letters V and B with one another in giving the same pronunciation to both Therefore says Joseph Scaliger of them Foelices populi quibus bibere est vivere Gastinois Vostinum a Territory in the Isle of France towards la Beauce between the Rivers of Estampes and Vernison to the West the River Yonne which separates it from Senonois on the East and the Territory of Puysaie and Auxerrois to the South The principal Town is Montargis thirteen Miles South of Paris Gath a City of Palestine upon the Frontiers of the Tribe of Juda towards the Syrian Sea seated on a hill It was one of the five Satrapies of the Philistines and the birth place of Goliah Gattinara a Town in the Principality of Piedmont advanced to the dignity of an Earldom by the Emperor Charles V. Gatton an ancient Borough Town in the County of Surrey and the Hundred of Reygate which elects two Members of Parliament Roman Coyns have been often digged up here Le Gave de Oleron Gabarus Oloronensis a River of Bearn which ariseth from the Pyrenean Hills from two Springs le Gave de Aspe to the West and le Gave de Osseau to the East which unite at the City of Oleron in Bearn and running Westward beneath Sauveterre it takes in from the South le Gave del Saison which comes from Mauleon beneath which it falls into le Gave de Pau a River of Aquitain which arising in Bigorre more East than the former but out of the Pyrenean Hills also at a Place called Bains de Bareâ—ge and running North-West by Pau in Bearn as far as Ourtes turns Westward and taking in Gave de Oleron falls into the Adour less than five Miles beneath Dax and four above Baionne to the East Gavot a small Territory in Vallais or Wallisserlandt one of the Suisse Cantons Comte de Gaure a County of France in Aquitaine in Armaignac between Lomagne Gimont and Condom the principal Town in it is Verdun four Miles from Tolouse to the North and about eight from Aux to the East Gaures Ghiaours or Ghiabers a numerous People dispersed about the Indies and the Kingdom of Persia in the Provinces particularly of Kherman where stands their principal Temple and Hyerach of a different Institution in Religion from all the World besides following the Scriptures of one Ebrahim zer Ateucht a Prophet pretended before the time of Alexander the Great and as tho they retained something of the old Religion of the Persians they have such a Veneration for Fire especially what the Priest consecrates that they take the most solemn Oaths before it The Persian Proverb upon these People it A Ghiaber may worship the Fire a hundred years yet if he falls into it but once it will certainly burn him Gazara Gaza a City of Palestine in Asia which belonged anciently to the Tribe of Judah as appears by the Sacred Scriptures it was the fifth Satrapy of the Philistines seated near the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea on the Confines of Idumaea towards Egypt Conquered by Judah Judg. 1. 18. but not long enjoyed Made famous by Samson Pharaoh King of Egypt gave it a second Name Gen. xlvii 1. Alexander the Great totally ruined it In the times of the Machabees a new Gaza arose which in those of Christianity was made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Caesarea The Grecians finding Gaza signified a Treasury in the Persian Tongue thought the Persians under Cambyses had given it this name Alexander the son of Aristobulus took the New Gaza and demolished it but no Alexander could so ruine this City but it would recover again Augustus annexed this Gazara and Hippon to Syria and in the time of Constantine the Great it was called Constantia from a Sister of that Prince The Saracens possessed themselves of it in the year of our Lord 633. three years before they took Jerusalem by whom it is now called Gaza Gazara and Aza Here our Authors divide as to its present State Baudrand saith it is little yet divided into two parts the Upper and Lower and that it has a Prince of its own though he is subject to the Turks called the Emir or Pacha de Gaza who is Master of it and the Neighbouring Country but Jo. Bunon saith it is great and twice as big as Jerusalem This City had a Port called Majuma Our Sandys in his Travels lib. 3. p. 116. saith it is seated upon a Hill environed with Valleys and those again well nigh inclosed with Hills most of them planted with all sorts of delicate Fruits the Buildings mean both for Form and Matter the best of rough Stone arched within and flat
It became a Bishops See in Christian times but now ruined under the Tarks and called Bassa Papous or la Tierra dos Papoas as the Portugueze call it and Terre des Papous as the French is a Country in the Terra Australis to the East of the Islands Ceram and Gilola in the East-Indies near the Equinoctial Line by some made to be a part of New Guinee by others separated from it by a small Streight The Princes of the neighbouring Islands have the Natives in Esteem for Courage and Fidelity Pappenheim a Town in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany upon the River Altmul adorned with the Title of a Barony formerly now an Earldom It gave its Name and Title to the famous General Pappenheim in the late German Wars Para a City in the North part of Brasil upon the River of Amazons under the Dominion of the Portuguese forty Miles above the fall of that River Long. 328. Lat. 01. 30. There belongs to this City a Province of the same Name called Capitania de Para. Paragoja an Island of the East-Indies called likewise Puloan and Calamianes between Borneo to the South-West and Manilla to the North East an hundred Miles in length twenty in breadth and two hundred in circuit It is one of the Philippine Islands which was never conquered by the Europeans Not very fertile or well peopled Paraguay Paraguaia a vast Country in the South America the greatest part of which is subject to the Spaniards Bounded on the East by Brasil on the South by Magellanica on the West by Peru and the Kingdom of Chili It is divided into seven Counties which are sruitful in all things with Mines and Sugars Not many Spanish Colonies are settled in it yet it has one Bishop at l' Assumption and another at Buenos Ayres This Province takes its Name from the River Paraguay which signifies the River of Feathers It ariseth from the Lake of Xaraies and going South receives the River of Plata and many others and at last by a vast Mouth falls into the Sea of Magellan This is one of the greatest Rivers of America Paraiba a strong City in Brasil which has a large Haven and gives name to a Province called the Government or Capitania de Paraiba Not above eight Miles from the North Sea upon a River of the same name It was long since inhabited by five hundred Portuguese besides Slaves and Negroes and being unwalled its best security was the Fort of S. Francis built by the French and taken by the Portuguese in 1585. In 1634. both the City and Fort were forced to submit to the Dutch Valour who new named them Frederickstadt But the Portuguese have at last recovered the Possession of it These latter have sometimes called the City Nostra Sennora das Nieves Parana a River and Province of Paraguay The Spaniards have about four Colonies in this Province Paranaiba Paranayba a River and a Province on the Consines of Brasil The River falls in that of the Amazons on the South Side of which the Province lies Paray-le-Moineau Pareium Moniacum a Town in the Dukedom of Burgogne in France in the Territory of Charolois upon the River Brebinche two Leagues from the Loyre Pardiac Pardiniacum a County in Aquitain in France Parenzo Parentum Parentium a small City in Histria under the Venetians which is a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja It stands seven Miles from Citta Nuoua to the South twenty eight from Gapo di Istria and eighty from Venice to the East upon a Peninsula well sortified having a convenient Haven But not much inhabited by reason of the unhealthfulness of the Air. Paria a Province in the Terra Firma in South America near the Shoars of the North Sea and under the Dominion of the Spaniards between the River Orinoque to the East and the Venetola to the West This is a principal Member of New Andalusia from hence often called Paria There are some few Colonies of Spaniards in it and a Gulph of its Name Parimao a Lake in South America which which bounds the Country of Guiana on the South under the Line Some call it Roponouvini It has not hitherto been fully discovered by the Europeans Parinacocha a Province of Peru towards the Andes under the Spaniards Pario Parium a City of the Lesser Asia upon the Propontis twenty Miles from Lampsaco to the East and thirty from Cyzicus now Spinga It has a large Haven and is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Spinga Paris Leutetia Luotetia Lucetia Leucotetia Parisii and Lutetia Parisiorum the Capital City of the Kingdom of France boasted by Baudrand to be the greatest City of Europe with a Nemine reclamante no body denying it to be so This was a celebrated City in the Times of the Roman Empire Julian the Apostate whilst he was Caesar only resided here in the Reign of Constantius and adorned it with Baths and a Palace But its greatest Rise was from the Franks Clodoveus settling the Royal Throne in this City about the year 458. Julius Caesar is the first that mentions it it was then very small being wholly contained in an Island in the Seyne not exceeding forty Acres which had then a Wooden Bridge over the River In this Isle the Cathedral Church now is and the Palace of the first French Kings From the times of Clodoveus the first Christian King as long as that Race lasted it grew mightily and became very considerable But under the Caroline Line it was very little improved those Princes not fixing here or in any other place In the year 585 it happened to be almost all burnt In 845 856 886 and 890 the Normans by Sieges and Incursions did extremely endamage it In 896 it was very hardly preserved out of the Hands of the Normans as to the Island what stood out of the Island was redeemed from Ruin by Money The Posterity of Hugh Capet on the other side fixed here and bestowed great Sums of Money in enlarging and adorning this City Charles the Great about the year 796 at the Request of Alcuinus a Saxon opened an University here to whose further Grandeur King Lewis the Seventh and Philip the August contributed very much The College of Sorbonne holds the first place therein In the year 1034 it suffered another Fire and in 1206 a terrible Inundation of the River Seine In 1420 Henry V. of England possessed himself of this City by marrying Catharine the Daughter of Charles VI. of France In the year 1422 Henry VI. Son of this Victorious but short lived Prince was crowned King of France in Paris And again in 1431. After this it remained in the Hands of the English till the year 1435. The Divisions of England under Henry VI. made way for the lâ—ss of France The year 1572 brought great and unparallel'd Infamy and Calamity upon this potent City 10000 Gentlemen being assassinated within her Walls who came thither upon the Publick Faith to the Celebration of a Marriage
one Channel near the City Teneriffa in the Province of S. Martha falling afterwards into the North Sea § Also a Government in Brasil Rioga Rivogia a Province in Spain which was a part of Navarre but now annexed to Old Castile it is divided from Alava by the Douro and lies between Old Castile and Navarre The principal Towns of which are Calzada Legrono Najara and Belorado Riom Riomum Ricomagum a City in the Lower Auvergne in France two Leagues from Clermont to the North in a flourishing State The Capital of Auvergne adorned with a College of Oratorians of the Foundation of Lewis XIV an antient Abbey built in the beginning of the seventh Century two Hospitals and divers Churches and religious Communities Genebrard and Sirmondus the learned Jesuit were produced by this Place Ripa de Transona a small but elegant City in the Marquisate of Ancona under the Pope and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Fermo It stands five Miles from the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea the same from the Borders of the Kingdom of Naples and ten from Fermo Pope Pius V. made it a Bishops See in 1571. Ripaille a Town in Savoy upon the Lake of Geneva Ripen Ripa a City in the Kingdom of Denmark in South Jutland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lunden and has a convenient Harbor upon the German Ocean at the Mouth of the River Nipsick and a Fortress five Miles from Hadersleben to the West and eight from Flensburgh to the South-West This Bishoprick was founded by Balatand King of Denmark in 950. Christopher I. King of Denmark died here in 1259. The City was taken by the Swedes in 1645 but since recovered by the Danes Ripley a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Claro upon the River Nyd Rippon Rhidogunum a Town in Yorkshire in the West Riding in the Hundred of Claro of good Antiquity near the Youre over which it has a Bridge Adorned with a Collegiate Church with three lofty Spires and antiently with a stately Monastery built by Wilfride Archbishop of York till the Danes destroy'd it with the Town Yet Odo Archbishop of Canterbury repaired it again and translated the Reliques of the holy Founder to Canterbury There is a narrow hole in a Vault under ground in the Church called S. Wilfride's Needle It is one of the best Towns in the County well inhabited and of note particularly for making good Spurs Having the Privilege to be a Corporation also represented by two Members in the House of Commons Risano Formio a River of Carniola the upper part of which is called by the Germans Alben the lower by the Italians Risano It springeth out of the Alpes from Mount Ocra in Carniola towards the Lake of Lugea or Czirknitzerzee and flowing Westward through Istria falls by the Bay of Trieste into the Adriatick Sea six Miles from Trieste and two North of Capo di Istria Risano Rhizana a City of Dalmatia mentioned by Ptolemy Pliny and Polybius which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Raguza under the Dominion of the Turks and accordingly much depopulated and ruined It stands forty Miles from Raguza towards Scodra from which thirty Long. 45. 15. Lat. 42. 00. Risborough a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Aylesbury Risenbergh a Mountain in the Eastern parts of Bohemia out of which the Elbe springeth Rivadava or Rivadeo a City of Gallicia in Spain called by the French Rivedieu it stands upon the Bay of Biscay in the Borders of Asturia at the bottom of an Hill and the Mouth of the River Navius which affords it the convenience of a Port fourteen Spanish Leagues from Oviedo to the West and four from Mondonedo Rivera di Genoua Liguria Littorea is a Country in Italy bounded on the West by the Maritime Alpes by which it is divided from France on the East by the River Magra by which it is divided from Hetruria or Tuscany on the North by the Apennine and on the South by the Mediterranean Sea here called the Ligurian Sea In the middle of it stands the City of Genoua which divides it into the Eastern and Western This is now under the States of Genoua by whom a great part of the Western Division is destinated more to pleasure than profit the rich Genoueses having filled it with Country-Houses where they spend the pleasant time of the Summer and Autumn in noble Palaces and delightful Gardens The Eastern Division supplies them with as much Wine as they need and an extraordinary plenty of good Oil. The principal Place in the Western is Aranza once an inconsiderable Village lately a Place of great Trade and Wealth having sixty Sail of Ships trading into all parts of the World but their Shipping is now declining The principal Place in the Eastern is Sarazana a Town of great strength Rivoli Rivolium a small Town in Piedmont called by the French Rivoles It stands upon the River Doria eight Miles from Turin to the West and has one of the most sumptuous Castles in Piedmont Roan Rotomagus the Capital City of Normandy called by the French Rouen by Caesar and the other ancient Historians Vrbs Velocassium It is an Archbishops See and the Seat of the Parliament of Normandy Great rich populous well built in all respects one of the best Cities in France and thought by some to be the greatest next to Paris It stands upon the Seyne which affords it a noble Harbor and a great Trade at the foot of an Hill twelve Miles above Dieppe and twenty eight beneath Paris with a Bridge upon the Seyne for the convenience of a Land Trade It has an old Castle called the Palace in which the Dukes of Normandy kept their Court and is about seven Miles in compass having besides what lies within the Walls six very great Suburbs and containing in the whole thirty five Parishes with thirty four Monasteries for Men and Women The Castle on S. Catharines Hill is now intirely ruined This City is said by Vitalis lib. 5. to be built by Julius Caesar Valesius proves it one of the most ancient Cities of France and that in the times of Theodosius the Great it was esteemed as a City of the highest rank Taken by the Normans in 889 and assigned to Rollo first Duke of Normandy in 912 when Rollo became a Christian It continued under his Posterity fourteen Descents In 1019. it suffered very much by fire Taken from John King of England by Philip the August King of France in 1204 after it had been in the Hands of the Normans three hundred and sixteen years This City continued under the French till 1418 When the English under Henry V. retook it after a bloody Siege Charles VII of France recovered it to that Crown in 1449. In the times of the late Civil Wars of France it was taken and sacked by the Hugonots in 1562 but recovered after the Battel of Dreux and plundered by the Royal Party Anthony of
very pleasant to observe in his Account of Northumberland what an extent he gives to it All Northumberland says he comprehends six Counties York Durham Lancaster Westmorland Cumberland and Northumberland To which he ought to have added the South parts of Scotland too as far as Edenborough if he knew no other than that the Limits of Northumberland now remain in the same State as they were eleven hundred years ago in the time of Saxon Heptarchy Perhaps a Stranger will continually admire at the meaning of such Words as Lerbie Barthe Lanclastre Torriger c. He may be pleased to know therefore that Monsieur Morery is not much to be trusted for the Right Proper Names of Places or Persons Antient or Modern out of his own Country Yet neither can our Nation blame him for it more than another His Misnomers are most Universal and the meaning of those mentioned is Irebye in Cumberland the Bath Lancashire and the antient Britain Vortiger It is more strange to see him Misplace the Houses of Lords and Commons in the Abbey of Westminster and to see Dr. Barrow of Cambridge attributed throughout his Character to the Chairs and Preferments of Oxford and Dr. Stillingfleet quoted with the Title of the present Bishop of Winchester Yet there is a stranger and a more admirable Passage still expecting to be also remembred here which says in illustrating the occasion and manner of the Descent of the Troops from Holland in 1688. that they were landed at Torbay in Wales It is true these particular Defects and Errours import no more than the unskilfulness of the Author in the Geography and History of England whereof the disparagement redounds to himself only with Monsieur Le Clerc his late Editor at Utrecht who certainly is the Father of a share But if M. Morery hath happened to be as unfortunate as Maimbourg and Varillas in mistaking in Particulars relating to England He is also as injurious as Scaliger and Sorbiere in some of his General Characters of it It is fit I should repeat his Words First he bestows a line or two of commendation upon the Gentry and Nobility who perfect their Natural Parts and Educations by Travel and Conversation with Strangers Voc. Angleterre But on the Contrary he adds the People of England are cruel insolent brutal seditious Enemies to Strangers The abundance of all the Necessaries of life produced by their Country with little pain renders them proud and negligent They have not the same Industry nor the same Address to Works and Manufactures as their Neighbours and other People who are made to love labour and be industrious by necessity and the sterility of their Country It hath been long since said Anglica Gens est Optima flens sed pessima ridens To be persuaded of the Truth whereof one need only consider the Evils that England hath suffered these thirty or forty years by the Transport and the Malice of its sour querulous opiniative and dissembling Spirits The Men of Letters often compose their Works with a Pipe of Tobacco in their hands The Citizens and Peasants delight in the fighting of Bears and Bulls Cock-fighting and Wrestling which agree with their Inclinations which are a little cruel The Women go without Ceremony to the Taverns The Gallants carry their Mistresses to them to pleasure whom the Treat must be concluded with the fighting of Bears and Bulls Cock-fighting and Wrestling and many times with all those three together By saying all three together he imagines we fight the Bears and Bulls with one another Now as my Grandfather Heylyn answers to the like Calumnies of Scaliger by the shooting of the Bow we may easily guess the quality of the Archer If the People of France lived with all the Innocency and the Freedom of the Golden Age their Censures might have been allowed to pass with the Authority of Oracles But as it is their unhappiness to be Slaves to the Rack and the Wheel and the Galleys who have filled the Universe with the Outcries of their Persecutions at Home and their Devastations abroad and can never be forgotten for the blood of Henry III. and IV. the Barracades of Paris and the Nuptials of S. Bartholomew's Eve before they begin the Cry of Cruelty and Seditiousness upon another Nation let them remember that Divine Character of a Man who quarrels with a Mote in his Brothers Eye whilst he hath a Beam in his own If I know any thing of the Native English Temper Cruelty is the very Antipodes to it There is nothing more odious in History amongst us than the Memory of a Prince who stains his Reign with Blood As our Government is a Monarchy without Tyranny it requires our Obedience without Servility Torture is excluded our Laws with an abhorrence not only as a Servility unfit for Christians but a Barbarity unfit for Men. And that famous ancient comparison of Angli tanquam Angeli shines most especially in the beauty of their minds composed of Simplicity Integrity Modesty Mercy Open and Free-heartedness Peace Gratitude Generosity Gallantry and Love which are all comprehended in one Word they call Good Nature so appropriated by God to them and their Language that it scarce admits of a direct Translation into any other The true Reading of the Verse that is quoted by Monsieur Morery is by an Abuse corrupted and turned into Anglica gens Otherwise it is Rustica gens est Optima flens sed Pessima ridens And understands the Peasantry not of Ours or any Particular Nation but all in Common Though the Sense and Equity of it neither so is any better than the Poetry And I dare be confident the Rhiming Monk that wrote it never knew in himself what Labour and Oppression means Whilst the Peasant by the condition of his Being carries a Cross to add to the weight whereof is barbarous in Oppressing the Oppressed It is no small sign of a Disposition contrary to Brutal Insolent Querulous and Cruel that England is to a Proverb the Paradise of the Tender Sex For whom Monsieur Morery hath prepared such a Treat of Sports as hath I believe at least one excellence in it Not to be Common He ought to have excused those Sports from Cruelty in their favours too and to have known that the particular pleasure of the Peasantry therein is only to see the courage of their Beasts or laugh at Cowardise even in Beasts But for the Evils which England he says hath suffered these thirty or forty years or more it is very unjust to forget the Praises of all the Persons that were innocent of them and to draw the Character of the whole Nation from the Crimes of the guilty only Who so far as they forsook Peace and Love and the rest of the Virtues abovementioned degenerated from the Native Spirits of Englishmen Whilst fearing beyond reason and immoderately persecuting a Phantosme of Cruelty in others they begat the Monster amongst themselves So odious is the apprehension of Cruelty Slavery
of Sevil Hispalis which were both re-conquered and added to Castile by Ferdinand II. in 1248. It is divided into two parts by the River Guadalquivir Betis and the chief City is Sevil. New Andalusia a Province of the Terra-firmâ— in America between Venezuela and Guiana The chief City of it is new Corduba They used to fish for Pearl upon those Coasts Anoanagar a City in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies almost ruin'd Andance Andancia a small Town in Vivarets in Languedoc in France where the River Dome falls into the Rhosne Andarge a River arising in the Valleys of Vnsâ—an in France which falls into the Arron near Verneuill Andaye a Town in France upon the frontiers of Spain two Leagues from S. Jean de Luz Andeli Andelium Andeliacum a Town in Normandy upon the Seine Anthony of Bourbon King of Navarre and Father to Henry IV. dyed here of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Rouen Anâ—eâ—â—e a River of France arising hard by la Ferte which falls into the Seine at l'Arche Andelot a Town in Champagne in France upon the River Rougnâ—n of extraordinary Privileges Andemaâ—n the name of halt a dozen Islands in the Gulph of Ganges near the Kingdom of Pegu in the East-Indies Andera a City of Phrygia in Asia Minor Andernaâ— Antenacum a Town upon the Rhine in the Archbishoprick of Cologne Anderskaw or Andershouw a great Monastery heretofore now a strong Castle in the Island of Seeland in Denmark delicately built Here Frederick II. dyed in 1548. Andes called by some the Cordillera's is one of the vastest and highest Ridges of Mountains in the World they begin in the North part of the Kingdom of Peru and are continued from thence without any Interruption to the Streights of Magellan by the space of 1000 Spanish Leagues much of the same height and seldom above 20 30 or 40 Leagues from the Pacifick Ocean many of them burn perpetually towards Chili Andiatoroque a Lake of New France in America Andore a fruitful Valley of the Pyranees in Catalognia Andover is a Corporation in the North-west part of the County of Hampshire which sends Burgesses to Parliament and gives the Title of a Viscount to the Honorable Earls of Berkshire now in the Possession of Tho. Howard it is seated about 18 Miles from Southampton to the North-west Andra or Aâ—dra a River upon the Coast of Guinea in Africa Andragiri or Gudaviri a City and Kingdom in the Island of Sumatra in Asia almost under the Equinoctial Andres Androsia a City of Galatia near Engury mention'd by Ptolomy S. Andrews Andreapolis a City of Fife in the South of Scotland North of the Frith of Edenburgh upon the German Ocean into which it hath a fair Prospect and upon which it hath a large Haven The ancient name of this place was Regimund it hath an University erected by James I. An. Dom. 1426. It is also an Archbishops See erected by Pope Sixtus IV. An. 1471. instead of Aberneath The Archbishops of all Scotland were heretofore under the Archbishop of York till James III. of Scotland representing to the Pope that there were frequent Wars between England and Scotland obtain'd from the said Pope That the Archbishop of S. Andrew should be independent Primate of Scotland in the twelâ—th year of his Reign yet Innocentius VIII who immediatly succeeded him obliged this Primate and his Successors to observe the laudable Customs of the famous Metropolitan Church of Canterbury This City in 1651. not surrendring upon the first Summons to our English victorious Rebels was sin'd Five hundred Pounds but had it remitted upon shewing they were poor Scholars It is 38 Miles from Edenburgh to the North-east and 23 from Aberneath to the East it lies in Lon. 17. 28. Lat. 57. 46. Andro Andros Andria an Island in the Archipelago with a City of the same name which is an Episcopal See under Athens inhabited by Greeks Latins and Turks The Antients call this Island Cauros Lysia Nonagria and by several other names Androgynes an antient People of Africa composed they say of both Sexes their right Breast a Mans the left a Womans Pliny and Aristotle Androsen or Androsen Androsa a small Town in the County of Cunningham in Scotland upon the Western Shoar Anduze Andusa ad Gardonem a Town in Languedoc in France upon the River Gardon heretofore fortified demolished by Lewis XIII Anenas or Andenas an Island upon the Coast of Norway Southward Anet a Town in the Isle of France upon the River Eure adorn'd with a Castle of extraordinary Magnificence which was built in the Reign of Henry II. It gives the Title of a Principality to the Duke of Vendosme Angamala a City in the Promontory of Malabar in the East-Indies upon the River Aicot as likewise a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Goa till Pope Paul V. in 1609. changed it into the Archiepiscopal See of Cranganor and constituted that as Metrapolitan of the Christians of S. Thomas Angediva a small Island under the Portuguese in the Kingdom of Decan in the East-Indies Angeles Angelepolis or Puebla de los Angeles a City in a Province of the same name otherwise called Tlascala by the Indians in New Spain in America built in 1531. by the Spaniards who have established an Episcopal See in it under the Archbishop of Mexico Angermund vid. Tangermund Anger 's Juliomagus in Caesar Andes is the Head of the Dukedom of Anjou a large well built City and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tours It is Seated on the River Sarâ—re in a very good Air and is also an University founded by Lewis II. Duke of Anjou the Son of King John of France Anno 1388. This City is 26 Leagues from Tours towards the West and within 1 League of the Loire In 1685. Lewis XIV established by his Letters Patents an Academy here of Thirty ingenious Persons who are all to be born in the Province of Anjou under the Title of the Royal Academy of Anger 's The famous Berengarius was Arch-deacon here Angitia the antient name of Selva d'Albi a Forest between the City of Albi in Languedoc and the Lake Fucinus Anglesey Mona called by the Welch Mon or Tir-mon and Anglesey from the English after they conquered it it is compassed on all sides with the Irish Sea which separates it from the County of Carnarvan in Wales by so narrow a Channel that in some places it may be forded at low Water it is in compass sixty Miles making one of the Counties of Wales and the most fruitful This Island was the Seat of the Brittish Druides subdued for the Romans by Suetonius Paulinus in the Reign of Nero but he not being able to perfect the Conquest Julius Agricola his Successor did it effectually Edward I. brought it in Subjection to the Crown of England in 1282 till which time it was under the Kings of North-Wales The Right Honorable Arthur Annesly a great lover of Learning and Books was lately Earl of
County of Carnarvan in Wales upon the River Menay call'd by the Latin Authors Bangorium and Bangoria This Bishoprick is of so antient a foundation that we do not find its Original The Cathedral is dedicated by the name of S. Daniel who was Bishop here about the Year 516. From which time to the 11th Century that Hernaeus filled the See we have no Account of the succession In 1496. Henry Deane Bishop repair'd the Cathedral after it had been defaced by the Rebel Owen Glendower In 1541. Arthur Bulkeley Bishop reduced the Bishoprick to a low Condition by unworthy sales and alienations The Diocese contains the County of Carnarvan with parts of Denbigh Merioneth and Montgomery and the whole Isle of Anglesey Banjaluth Blandona a large and well fortified Town in Bosnia near the Mountains under the Dominion of the Turks upon the River Cetina Banjans a People universally scattered over the Provinces of the Indies but most numerous in the Kingdom of Guzurate and notorious for worshiping the Devil together with a God as the author of all the Evils of this Life under a frightful Figure represented to them to pacifie him and engage him in their Favor In some things they are Mahometan like in others divided amongst themselves into Sects greater or less almost innumerable according as they affect their particular Superstitions The Europeans use them for Managers and Interpreters in their Dealings with the Indians Banara a City of the East-Indies in the Kingdom of Bengala upon the River Ganges under the Dominion of the Great Mogul about 40 Miles from Gouro to the North and 100 from Halavassa towards the South Probably the same with Benares See Benares Banny or Ban Argita one of the largest Rivers of the Kingdom of Ireland It ariseth in the County of Downe in the Province of Vlster and having entertained some other Rivers it falls into the vast Lake of Neaugh afterwards dividing the County of Colrane on the West of it from that of Antrim on the East it falls into the Caledonian Ocean a little below Colrane Castle This River divides the Province of Vlster into two parts but Mr. Camden is rather of Opinion that the Latin Name belongs to the Swilly another great River in the same Province but a little more to the West than this Bantam a very great City and a famous Mart and Sea Port in the Island of Java in the East-Indies and the Capital of a Kingdom of the same Name This City is seated at the foot of an Hill 18 Leagues from the City of Batavia towards the West upon a narrow Passage call'd the Streights of Bantam right over against the Island of Sumatra It has a very good Harbor belonging to it called the Sound and was much frequented by the European Merchants especially the English and Dutch The Kingdom of Jacatra is subject to this Prince and he has often made War with the Dutch with reasonable good Success till about the Year 1684. A Son of the King of Bantam rebelling against his Father called the Dutch to his Assistance by which means the Dutch possessed themselves of Bantam seized the English Factory and their Effects and made themselves sole Masters of that Trade The Controversie between them and the English not being determined to this day The old King in the mean time was kept a Prisoner first at Bantam afterwards in the Castle of Batavia whither he was conducted in November 1687 with a formal Solemnity and there lodged with his Wife and some Slaves to attend him Bantry a Bay in the Province of Munster in Ireland where Admiral Herbert now Earl of Torrington engaged the French Fleet May 1 1689 upon their arrival with Succors for Ireland which however were landed the day after Banya Rivuli Puellarum a Town of Transylvania 6 Leagues from Bestercze to the West not far from the Confines of the Upper Hungary Banza See S. Salvador in Africa Bapalme Balma a strong Town in Artois seated upon a rising Ground in the Borders of Picardy This Town has been in the hands of the French ever since the Year 1641. It was yielded to them by the Pyrenaean Treaty in 1659. It stands at an equal distance from Peron a Town of Picardy towards the South and Arras towards the North. Bar a strong Town in Podolia having a Castle built upon an Hill and surrounded with Marshes which contribute very much to its defence It stands upon the River Kow 18 Polonian Miles from Caminieck to the East and as many from Barklow towards the West This Town is under the Turks Bar or Barrois a Dukedom of France betwixt Champagne and Loraine incorporated after divers Revolutions by the Concession of the Pyrenaean Treaty as the French interpret it in 1659 with the Crown of that Kingdom It s Capital City is Barle Duc. It lies on each side the Meuse which divided it heretofore into the Royal and Ducal Barrois both then belonging to the House of Loraine they doing Homage to the King of France for the same Bar sur Aube a fine Town in Champagne in France but ill pav'd it has its name from the River Albula Aube on which it stands upon the foot of an Hill in a very pleasant Country about 8 Leagues from Arâ—is towards the South and as many from Troys towards the South-West and 7 from Chastillon towards the North-East This place is in much esteem for the delicious Wine the Country yields Bar sur Seyne a small City in the Dukedom of Burgundy in the Confines of Champagne seated in a Mountainous Country about 5 Miles West of Bar sur Aube Bara a Town in the Province of Gorga in the Upper Aethiopia near the Lake of Zaflan Barampour a City of the East-Indies under the Dominion of the Mogul in the Kingdom of Candis It lies 100 Miles from Surat towards the East upon the River Tapi this Place is called by others Barampore and heretofore Baramatis as Herbert saith Baranateta the Name of a City and Kingdom in the Asian Tartary Barathrum a deep Pit in Attica in Greece contrived with Iron Spikes and Tenters for a place of Execution throwing the Malefactors Headlong into it in antient times Barbadoes one of the most considerable Plantations which the English have upon the Caribby Islands it lies in 13. d. 20. m. Northern Lat. and 321. of Long about 8 Leagues in length and 5 in breadth and inhabited by 50000. English besides Negros who are three times their number This Island was first discovered to the English by Sir William Curteen in the Reign of James I. but was then wholly desolate The English soon after Planted it and were driven at first to great Extremities because Ships came very rarely and slowly thither from England till having about the Year 1627. raised some Tobacco Indico Cotton-Wool and Fustick-Wood and after that falling into the Sugar Trade its Reputation and Wealth increased And this Colony which for a long time subsisted by the courtesie or
Behat falling into the Indus have their Sources therein Long. 305. and Lat. 31. In this City their Kings resided heretofore There are two Fortresses standing in it Cabusco a Mountain in the Kingdom of Persia Cacagioni Charox a City of the Lesser or Crim Tartary Cacari a River and Town of Mongrelia Cacceres Caceres de Camarhina a City in the principal Philippine Island of Lusson or Manilha upon the Streights of Manilha with a good Port to the same and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Manilha Cacelina a City of Bithynia antiently call'd Chalcedon Cachan a large City in the Province of Hyrach in Persia 22 Leagues from Ispahan Above a thousand Families of Jews said to be of the Tribe of Juda dwell in it It is a famous Place for Brocards Cachar the Indus or great River of the East-Indies Caco Cacus Caunus a Mountain in the Kingdom of Aragon in the Confines of the Kingdom of Old Castile now call'd also Moncaio Cadenac a small Town in the County of Quercy in France upon the River Lot and the Borders of Rovergue 8 or 9 Leagues from Cahors Some take it to be the Vxellodunum of the antient Gaul which stood out the last of all their Towns against Caesar Cadillac a small Town in the Province of Guienne in France near the Garrone in a fertile Soil and adorn'd with one of the best Castles in this Province Cachieu or Sierra Liona a Sea Port Town on the Coast of Guiney much frequented by the Europeans towards the Promontory of Leaena This Place was first discovered by the Portugals in 1452. Cadiz Gades is an Island and City on the Coast of Spain in the Atlantick Ocean call'd Cadis and Cales by the English and Cadice by the Italians But small as being only 4 Leagues in length whereas it was once much greater as Pliny and Strabo both affirm It lies on the Coast of the Kingdom of Andalusia to which it is now joyn'd by a Bridge between the Outlet of the River Guadalquivir or Baetis and the Streights of Gibraltar On the Western Shoar of this Island lies CADIS which gives Name to the Island built by the Phenicians and is perhaps the oldest Town in Spain In the times of the Romans it was made a Municipal City and one of the Juridical Resorts for the Province of Baetica in which time it was thought one of the Noblest and Richest Cities in all Spain scarce yeilding to any in the Empire for Greatness Magnificence or the Number and Quality of the Inhabitants here living at one time five hundred Roman Knights which Number was not equalled in any other Place but Padua only beside the great Concourse of Merchants from all places of the World which occasioned Cornelius Balba a Native of it to build a New Town to the old one By the Moors at the Conquest of Spain it was utterly ruined and so contitinued till it was recovered from them by the Spaniards who rebuilt and fortified it and made it the Magazine for their Navies Yet it was taken by the English in one Day under Robert Earl of Essex and Sir Walter Rawleigh in which they burnt the Indian Fleet consisting of forty Sail of Ships whose Lading was worth eight Millions of Crowns overcame the Spanish Navy which consisted of fifty seven Men of War took the S. Michael and S. Andrew two great Gallions with their Lading and carried away more Martial Furniture than could be again supplied in many Years forced the Town in which they slew and took Prisoners 4000 Foot and 600 Horse and brought thence a considerable Booty in 1596. This City is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Sevil. Long. 14. 10. Lat. 36. 28. Juno had a Temple formerly in her Honor in this Island thence call'd Junonis Insula and also Hercules another in which Caesar wept to reflect upon the Actions of Alexander the Great at the Age of thirty three After the Reduction of Spain by Caesar he left a Roman Colony at Cadis with the Name of Julia Gaditana The Antients believed it to be the utmost boundary of Navigation calling the two Mountains near it at the Mouth of the Streights the Pillars of Hercules Here the Spanish Gallions rendezvouse It is one of the Keys of Spain and of so very great Importance that Charles V. recommended it particularly together with Flushing in the Low-Countries and Goulet in Africa to the Care of his Son King Philip II. as absolutely necessary for the Conservation of his Empire Columella was a Native hereof with Canius a Poet mentioned by Martial I l Cadoriue the most Northern Country of all Italy towards the County of Tyrol and the Alpes contained within the Marcha Trevisana in the States of the Republick of Venice It s Capital Town is Pieve di Cadore Cadouin a famous Abbey of the Order of the Cistercians in the Province of Perigord in France where they pretend to preserve a Handkerchief of our Saviour's brought out of Jerusalem in 1105. and since visited by S. Lewis K. of France in 1269. by Charles VI. and Lewis XI as a most extraordinary Relick Caen Cadomus famous for a Bishop's See and an University on the River Orne about 4 Leagues from the British Sea 28 from Roan to the South In the year 1063. the Archbishop of Roan held a Council here in the Presence of William the Conqueror King of England who died in 1087. in the 74th year of his Age at Roan and being deserted after his Death by all his Friends and Servants was after a long time interr'd by the Monks here with small Pomp in the Abbey of St. Stephen which he him self had Founded as his Queen had done that of the Holy Trinity The University was Founded by Henry V. K. of England who took this City from the French after a sharp resistance by Storm in 1417. It s Long. is 22. 20. Lat. 49. 40. The learned Bochartus was none of the least Ornaments of this Place They bear three Fleur de Lysses in their Arms as a Token of their Fidelity to the Crown Caer-Cadon the Welsh Name of the City of Bath Caerdif See Landaff Caerick-Fergus See Knock-Fergus Caer-Leon Chester Caer-Leon Isca Legionis Legio Secunda an antient Roman Town upon the Vsk in the County of Monmouth which was once one of the Metropolitan Seats of Britain and an University till the See was removed to S. Davids The City was ruined in the Reign of Henry II. but there are still many very honourable Marks of its Antiquity and Splendor digged up here for which the Reader may consult Mr. Camden The Romans quartered the Second Legion called Augusta in it to bridle the Silures King Arthur kept his Court here It stands 9 Miles East from Landaf 21 from Brecknock South-East and 26 from Hereford South-West Newport has sprung out of its Ruins and stands a little beneath it on the Severn Caer-Lud London Caermarthenshire is one of the Twelve Counties in VVales bounded
English Miles from Thessalonica to the North-West upon the Borders of Macedonia and Albania See Dr. Brown's Travels Cossir See Cosir Costagnazo Haemus a Mountain in Thrace Coustantz See Constance Costa-Ricca A Province of New Spain in the South America lying betwixt the two Seas and Westward of Veragua The Capital whereof is the City Carthage There are some Gold and Silver Mines in it and a Soil which makes it worthy of its Name Coste des dents or Coste de l' Ivoire the Ivory Coast is a part of the Coast of Guiny in Africa betwixt the Cape of Palmes and the Cape of three Points whither the English French Hollanders c. traffick for Elephants Teeth It is said to be well inhabited and to lye very conveniently Coste d'Or or the Golden Coast another part of the Coast of the same Country so call'd from the quantity of Gold that they find upon it It is about one hundred and thirty Leagues long reaching from the Cape of three Points where the former ends as far as to the River Volta and the Kingdom of Benin The English Danes and Dutch have divers Settlements upon it The latter having dispossessed all the Portugueze Cothon the ancient Name of the Port of Carthage in Africa Cotatis the principal City of Imiretta a Kingdom or Province of Georgia built at the Foot of an Hill by the River Phasiâ— consisting of about two hundred Houses those of the Grandees and the Kings Palace stand at a distance The Town has neither Fortifications nor Walls nor any Defence except where it is enclosed by the River and the Mountains On the other side of the River upon the top of an Hill higher than that under which the City is built stands the Fortress of Cotatis which appears very strong As Sir John Chardin describes this City in his Travels Cotbus Cotbutium a Town in Lusatia in Germany upon the River Havel which also passeth by Berlin from which it lies thirteen Miles to the South and ten from Franckford to the South-West This Town came into the Hands of the Duke of Brandenburgh in 1645. and is sometimes called Cotwitz Cotrone Croton a City of the further Calabriâ— in the Kingdom of Naples which of old was twelve Miles in Compass as Livy saith and built eighty years after Rome but now very small and thinly inhabited yet it is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Regio and has a Castle built by Charles V. It stands on the South-East side of Italy fifteen Miles South-East of Severina The Cottian-Alpes Alpes Cottiae a part of the Alpes heretofore under the Dominion of King Cottius mention'd in Suetonius as an Ally with the People of Rome in the Reign of Augustus and therefore by the Ancients called Cottiae from him They begin at the Fountains of the River Var and reach to Susa that is from Mount Viso to Mount Cenis dividing the Dauphinate from Piedmont Cotzchin or Chotozin or Kotym a Castle in Moldavia upon the Niester four Polish or twenty English Miles from Caminieck to the South-West where in 1673. an Army of the Turks consisting of two and thirty thousand Men under the Command of Solyman Aga designed for the ruine of Lemburgh were encamped having the Neister behind them a Range of Rocks and Precipices on one side the Castle of Cotzchin on the other a Trench before them defended by Half-Moons a Bridge over the Nieper and another over the Castle yet Zobietsky then Marshal but now King of Poland with much lesser Forces coming up October 9. battered down their Brest-Work with his Cannon and the next day dismounting his Cavalry to second the Lithuanian Foot which had been beaten off in Person at the head of his Men stormed their Camp took it slew or took Prisoners thirty one thousand five hundred Turks and the rest hardly escaped Solyman their General being slain In 1621. Vladislaus Prince of Poland Son of Sigismund King of Poland in the same Field defeated the Forces of Osman I. and slew the greatest part of them amongst the rest Vssain le Borgne who was esteemed the best Commander the Turks had in those times Couco Coucum a Kingdom in Barbary in Africa with a City of the same Name sixty Miles from the Shoars of the African Sea between the Kingdoms of Algiers and Bugia Coucy a Seigniory in Picardy giving Name to a Family of Honour Coventry Conventria a City in the County of Warwick upon the West Side of the River Sherborne which is of no very great Antiquity but neat strong rich and populous by reason of the Cloathing Trade Also a Bishop's See in Conjunction with Litchfield under the Archbishop of Canterbury It has three Churches the Priory or Convent whence the Name Coventry was the most ancient Foundation of the City being built by Canutus the Dane And the Cross may be reckoned amongst the finest in England The Noble George Villiers late Duke of Buckingham was created Earl of Coventry in the twenty first of James I. A Title that had lain buried ever since the Death of Edwin a Saxon whom William the Conqueror created Earl of Coventry in the first Year of his Reign Henry VI annexing the adjacent Towns and Villages to this City made it with them a County Corporate distinct from that of Warwickshire Coulan a City and small Kingdom in the East-Indies in the great Promontory of Malabar on the Western Shoar thirty five Leagues North of the Cape of Comâ—ry and about seventeen South of Cochin The Country is well watered and fruitful not above twenty Leagues long from North to South and eight or ten broad from East to West Bounded by the Kingdoms of Cochin and Travancor There are many Christians in it by the means of the Portuguese The City has a Castle and a safe Haven with the Character of a rich and flourishing Place The Portuguese were driven out of it by the Hollanders in 1663. Coulour a Town of the Hither East-Indies in the Kingdom of Golconde in Malabar seven days Journey from the City of Golconde There is a Mine or Quarry of Diamonds very near it Courreze Curretia a River in Limosin in France which riseth two Miles above Tulle and having watered both it and Brive falls into the Vesere two Miles above Condat Courtenay Cortenaeum Corteniacum Curtiniacum a small Town in the Isle of France six Miles distance from Sens West The Princes who have born the Title of this small Place are frequently mentioned by the French Historians and some of the Emperors of Greece are deriv'd from their Family Courtray Corteriacum by the Natives called Cortrick a Town in Flanders upon the River Lys five Leagues from Tournay to the North and four from Lille to the West Made famous by the Defeat of the French in 1302. This Town was taken by the French in 1646. and fortified and again in 1667 But in the Treaty of 1679. it returned under the Obedience of the King of Spain who is still possessed
most admired and rich Temple of Apollo Pythius and the Oracle which the Gauls under Brennus attempted in vain to spoil in Christian times became a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Athens but since it fell into the hands of the devouring Turks it is become a poor small Village twenty Miles West from Leucadia forty from Lepanto to the East and about seven saith Baudrand from the Bay of Corinth It is observed by Suidas Cedrenus Nicephorus and divers others that about the time of the Nativity of our Saviour this Pythian Oracle became dumb And Augustus being astonished at its silence received for answer Me Puer Hebraeus divos Deus ipse gubernans Cedere sede jubet tristemque redire sub orcum Aris ergo dehinc tacitis abscedito nostris Nero afterwards plundered it of five hundred Statues of Brass with all its Wealth broke down its Buildings and distributed the Lands belonging to it amongst his Souldiers Delta an Island made by the Nile in Egypt of the fashion of the Letter Δ in the Greek in the way as that River flows from Cairo Ptolomy mentions two a greater and a less of this sort The ancient City Busiris did stand in the midst of this Island Demer Tabuda a River in Brabant Demetriade Dimnitrado Demetrias an ancient City of Magnesia in the Province of Thessalia in Macedonia upon the Gulph dell ' Armiro or the Pelasgicus sinus of the Classicks It has been heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Larissa from which it stands twenty Miles to the East Denbigh Denbiga one of the twelve Shires in wales has the Irish Sea on the North Flintshire on the East Merinoth on the South and Caernarvan on the West The principal Rivers are Cluyd Elway and Conwey which last separates this Shire from Carnarvan The West part is barren the middle where the Cluyd runneth is plain and very fruitful the last part except what lies upon the D 〈…〉 is less fertil Denbigh the principal Town stands upon a declining Rock H. Lacy Earl of Lincoln obtaining a Grant of this Place from Edward I. walled it and set up a Castle on the South side but wanting Water and being of difficult Access the Inhabitants have by degrees removed their Dwellings nearer the River and in Mr. Cambden's time were building a second Church the former not being able to contain the Inhabitants This Town has the River Aled or Elwy on the West and the Cluyd on the East which meet beneath it to the North it has a Bridge over both of them the later Maps place the Elwy on the South of the Town It stands fifteen Miles from Chester to the West and four from S. Asaph to the South The Right Honorable William Fielding is Earl of Denbigh and the fourth Earl of his Family Dendermonde Teneramunda is a strong Town in Flanders upon the River Schelde where the Tenera from Alost falls into it lying in the middle between Gant and Antwerp about five Leagues from either Denmark Denemarck Dania Cimbrius Chersonesus called by the Italians and Spaniards Danimarca by the Poles Dunska Is one of the most ancient Kingdoms of Europe yet of no great Extent Part of a vast Peninsula called of old Cimbricus Chersonesus in middle time Jutland and some Islands in the Eastern and Baltick Sea make the body of this Kingdom except that the Kingdom of Norway together with Greenland Island and Feroe is now annexed to it It was once a part of the Kingdom of the Goths but now a separate Kingdom consisting of two parts Jutland and the Isles The North of Jutland only is under the King of Denmark viz. Nort Jutland and the Northern parts of Suder Jutland Of the Islands Zeeland Fuynen and Bornholm in the Baltick Sea and Island in the Virgivian Ocean are the chief Coppenhague in the Isle of Zeeland is the Capital of the whole There were also three Counties on the Norway side Blecklen Schania and Haland which belonged originally to Denmark but in 1645. by the Treaty of Brooms-Boa these and some other Islands were surrendered by Christian IV. to the Swedes for ever and again in 1658. and 1660. confirmed to the Swedes This Kingdom had heretofore the Isles of Shetland on the North of Scotland which were granted to James VI. as a part of his Queens Dowry The King of Denmark possesseth also in Germany 1. Half the Dukedom of Holsatia 2. The Counties of Oldenburgh and that of Delmenhorst which two fell to him by Inheritance from the last Count of Oldenburgh Till 1660 the Crown was Elective but then made Hereditary by Frederick III. The Danes have also enlarged their Princes Bounds by planting a New Denmark in the North of America This Kingdom once was one of the most Powerful in Europe as may be remembred more particularly to us by their Incursions into England Scotland and Ireland where they maintained War with our Ancestors above three hundred years together But by the Fate of Time War and other humane Calamities reduced to the state in which it now is The Danish Writers derive its Name and pretend to give a Catalogue of their Kings from Dan the Son of Jacob. It is a cold Climate but fruitful enough in Corn Cattle and Fish and the greatest Revenue of the Crown comes from the Toll that is payed for passing the Sound Denia a Sea-Port in the Kingdom of Valentia in Spain over against the Isle of Yvica on the Mediterranean Sea eleven Miles from Valentia to the South Denin a celebrated Nunnery in the Low Countreys upon the Road from Valenciennes to Doway where the Chapter is composed of 18 Chanonesses who are all Ladies of Quality taking the Title of Countesses of Ostrevan from their Founder S. Aldebert an Earl of Ostrevan who left both his Estate and Dignity to them They enter into no Vows Marry at their pleasure leaving only their thanks to the Chapter for the honour they have enjoyed by it St Dennis en Uaux ad Sanctum Dionysium in Vallibus a Town in the Dukedom of Orleans in France St. Dennis Carriere a Town and a famous Monastery in the Isle of France two Leagues from Paris to the South one of the richest Monasteries in that Kingdom upon the River Crou which a little lower falls into the Scin. The Abbey was founded in 636. by Dagobert King of France in honor of S. Dennis whose Bones sleep here But the Church was rebuilt since by Suggerus one of their Abbots in three Years and three Months ending in 1144. Here are the Tombs of the Kings of France Some of which have died here too St. Dennis a Town in Normandy in the Forest of Lyons on the Borders of Beauvois in which Henry I. King of England died Deptford a large Town in Kent in Sutton Lath situated at the fall of the River Ravensburn into the Thames amongst rich and low Meadows and provided with a Dock and Store-house for the Navy Royal. It is divided into the
of the Eastern part or Shoar of Kent upon high Cliffs twelve Miles from Canterbury to the South-East and fifty five from London and seven Leagues distant by Sea from Calais in France That part of the Town next the Sea had anciently a Wall some of which is still standing On the top of a rugged high Cliff or Rock is a stately and very strong Castle which may be supposed to have been built by the Romans however this place was certainly a Station of theirs and has ever since been reputed one of the Keys of England at all times carefully guarded besides it is one of the Cinque-Ports and in times past was to set out to the Wars one and twenty Ships Therefore Philip King of France said that Lewis his Son when called in hither against King John by the Barons had not one foot of Land in England if he were not Master of Dover-Castle It had formerly seven Parish Churches now two and it is now as heretofore most frequented upon the account of its being the shortest passage into France The Honorable Henry Lord Jarmin was created Baron of Dover in the first year of King James II. But before in Anno 1627. Henry Carey Viscount Rochford and Baron Hunsden enjoyed the Title from King Charles I. of Earl of Dover Dour or Adour Aturus a River of Aquitaine the Southern part of France or rather three Rivers called by the same Name the principal of these riseth in Bigorre out of the Pyrenean Hills near Baretge and running North watereth Tarbe then turning Westward it passeth on the North of Aire St. Sever and Dax or Acqs so falleth into the Bay of Biscay at Bayonne having entertained Gaue de Oleron Gaue de Pau and several other Rivers The Outlet was anciently at le Bocau six Leagues beneath Bayonne but by the Industry of Lewis de Foix an excellent Ingineer and Architect of France in 1579. its course was altered as Thuanus saith The same Gentleman was the Contriver of the Palace in Spain and the Light-House at the Mouth of the Garronne called Tour de Cordovan Dourdan a small Town in the District of Hurepois in the Isle of France upon the River Orge towards the Frontiers of la Beauce thirteen Leagues from Paris and two or three from Estampes The Huguenots took and almost ruined it in the years 1562 1567. It had been often mortgaged sold and remitted from one to another before Lewis XIII redeemed and reunited it to the Crown in 1610. Dourlens Doulendium a Town in Picardy in France very strongly fortified on the Borders of Artois upon the River Asselane which falls into the British Sea between Crotoy and Estaple six Leagues from Amiens to the North and seven from Arras to the South This Town did heretofore belong to the Earls of Pontieu and became united to the Crown of France in 1559. Doustre Dostra a River of France in the Vicomte de Turene in Limosin Le Doux See Dou. Douzi Duziacum Duodeciacum a Castle in the Diocese of Rheims in France upon the River Cher betwixt Ivoy and Sedan Remarkable for two Councils celebrated at it in the years 871. 874. The first of which deposed and imprisoned Hinâ—mar Bishop of Laon for adhering to the Papal Interest contrary to the Usage and Liberties of the Gallican Church who some time after had his Eys put out Dowglass a Castle in Cuysdale in the middle of the Southern part of Scotland which takes its Name from the River Dowglass as doth also the Dale or Valley in which it stands This Castle is seated about six Scotch Miles West of Lanrick where Dowglass River unites with the Cluyd fifteen from Glasguo to the South and thirty five from Edinburgh to the South-West It is only memorable for its Earls sometimes so very powerful they were a terror to the Kings of Scotland themselves there being at one time six Earls of this Family that is Dowglas Angus Ormond Wigton Murray and Morton as Mr. Cambden reckons them § There is a Castle of this Name in the Isle of Man Down Dunum a City and Bishoprick in the Province of Vlster in Ireland the Bishop of which is under the Archbishop of Armagh The Bishoprick of Connor has been united to it ever since 1442. The City stands upon the Irish Sea upon a Peninsula made by the Sea and the Lake of Cone which affords it an excellent Haven twenty Miles from Dormore to the East thirty two from Carrick fergus to the South The County of Down is bounded on the East by the Irish Sea on the North by the County of Antrim and the Lake of Neaugh on the West by Armagh and on the South by the County of Louth from which it is severed by the River Newry This County saith Mr. Cambden is generally very fruitful where it is not overspread with Woods and has several safe Harbors upon the Seas Down is one of the most ancient Towns in Ireland made more famous by keeping the Bones of S. Patrick S. Bridget and S. Columbus than by the mention which Ptolomy has made of it by the Name of Dunum though not in its right place Downham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Clackcloss upon the River Ouse over which it hath a Bridge Downton or Duncton a Market Town in Wiltshire the Capital of its Hundred situated upon the Salisbury Avon It returns two Burgesses to the Parliament Drac Dracus a River in the Dauphinate in France which riseth about four Leagues North of Embrun and running Northward falls into the Isere at Grenoble bringing with it another small River which comes from La Grace and falls into the Drac at Viville four Miles South of Grenoble Draco or Drago Acragas or Agragas a River of Sicily called Biagio di Gergenti di Naro also and falls into the African Sea three Miles beneath Gergentum to the East thirty five West of Terra Nova Dragone Draco a small River in Campagnia in Italy which riseth in Mount Vesuvius and washing the City of Nocera falleth into Sarno a River which divideth the Principatus Citerior from the Terra di Lavoro and endeth in the Bay of Naples eleven Miles South of Naples Dragonara once a Bishops See now a small Village 7 Miles from S. Severina in Naples to the West Dracone See Orontes Dragonera Colubraria or Moncolibre a small desert Rock or Island between Majorca and Valentia which has its Names from the Snakes and Serpents that only inhabit it Draguignan Draguinianum Dracenae one of the best situated Towns in Provence in France in the Diocese of Frejus adorned with a Collegiate Church and divers Religious Houses Its Arms are observable being a Dragon with this Motto Alios nutrio meos devoro Drangiana regio an ancient Province of the Kingdom of Persia in the most Eastern part thereof now called Sigistan or Sitsistan It s principal Cities were Ariaspe and Propthasia Dravaniza See the Vistula The Drave or Dravus called
a Castle taken by the Swedes and granted them by a Treaty in 1658. but in 1660. the Danes again recovered it The Country about is called the Government or Prefecture of Drontheim granted to the Swedes with the City but since recovered with it too This is the largest Prefecture in Norway reaching from North to South five hundred Miles and from West to East one hundred Droses Jernus a River of Conaught in the County of Clare which falls into the Bay of Shannon at Dinghanbeg Dinga East of Clare two Miles Le Drot Drotius a River in Aquitaine in France which ariseth at Montpasier ten Miles North-West of Cahors and running West falls into the Garrone over against Bazas nine Miles East of Bourdeaux Druidae Druides the Priests of the antient Gauls compared by Laertius with the Magi Gymnosophistae and Philosophers of Persia India and Greece for their pretensions to Learning and Piety and Authority over the people of whose Superstitions they were the Authors as of their affairs publick or private the Arbitrators The Eugabes of Ammianus Marcellinus the Saronides of Diâ—d Siculus and the Semnotheoi of others were several Orders of these Priests according as they applyed themselves either to the services of the Altar or to the Contemplation of the Works of Nature In the former they made Sacrifices of Men till the Emperors Angustus Tiberius and Claudius by repeated Interdicts at last broke them of that barbarity Their other they delivered to the publick in thousands of Verses unwritten only committed to Memory and passing the course of Ages by Tradition Their name of Druides some derive from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 because of a particular esteem they had for an Oak Some from Deru in the Celtick Language of the same signification They had a Chief Priest over them in the nature of a Soveraign Pontiff And we read the Gauls were so possessed by them with the belief of the immortality of the soul that they would lend mony in this world upon condition to be paid in the next Valer. Max. The Town Dreux in Normandy is supposed to be so called from these Druides Drummore Drummoria a City in the County of Lowth in the Province of Vlster in Ireland upon the River Lagang with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Armagh Druses Druzes Drusi a people living in Grots and Caverns about the Mountain Libanus in Asia and onwards as far as to the Dead Sea following in Religion the Institutions of one Isman or Ismael a Prophet pretended which allow them to marry with their own Children or Sisters or Brothers and to live in perfect liberty from all such like precepts and ties as are in use amongst the Jews Christians and Mahometans They Traffick with the French Merchants for Silks and say they are descended from the French that went to the Conquest of the Holy Land with Godfrey of Bouillon being after the loss of Jerusalem in 1187. forced for safety to retire hither under the command of one of the House of Dreux Drut Dara a River of Carmania in Persia It falls into the Persian Gulph over against the City of Ormus having passed between Fafa and Chabon Duare a strong Fortress of Dalmatia upon a Hill not far from Almissa Taken from the Turks by the Venetians in 1646. and soon after lost again In 1652. retaken and demolished Whereupon the Turks to hinder the Incursions of the Morlaques out of Croatia rebuilt it yet in 1684. the Morlaques forced it and there is now a Venetian Garrison in it Dublin Dublinum in Irish Balacleigh the Capital City of the Kingdom of Ireland in the Province of Leinster in a County of the same Name upon the River Leffy which is the noblest River in all this Kingdom and maketh a Capacious Haven here at about twenty Leagues distance from Holyhead in Wales This City is called EBLANA by Ptolemy When or by whom it was first built is not known but old it must needs be by its being mentioned by him Saxo Grammaticus acquaints us how much it suffered by the Danes it was afterwards under Edgar King of England and Harald Harfager King of Norway In the year 1151. P. Eugenius III. made it an Archbishops See with the Title and Jurisdiction of a Primacy Henry II. having Conquered Ireland sent hither from Bristol a Colony whereby it began to Flourish more and more and became the Capital of the Kingdom the Seat of the Lieutenant the Courts of Justice and their Parliaments strengthened with a Castle on the East side built by Henry Loundres a Bishop in 1220. and near it there was a Royal Palace built by Henry II. King of England It has a College for Students which is an University of it self founded by Q. Elizabeth in in 1591. This was attempted before by Alexander Bicknor Archbishop of Dublin who in 1320. obtained from the Pope a Bull for it but the troublesome times that followed defeated that good design then at the North Gate is a Bridge of hewen Stone built by King John It has a Cathedral of great antiquity Dedicated to S. Patrick the Apostle of the Irish Nation and built at several times in which are a Dean two Archdeacons and twenty two Prebendaries there is another fair Collegiate Church in the City called Christs Church built in 1012. and about thirteen Parochial ones In more ancient times this City was Governed by a Provost but in 1409. Henry IV. granted them License to choose every year a Mayor and two Bailiffs changed into Sheriffs by Edward IV. thus far Cambden King Charles II. honored them with a Lord Mayor This City escaping the fury of the Massacre was besieged by the Parliament Forces and by the Duke of Ormond by the Kings Order delivered to the English rather than the Irish Rebels for they were now united against their King and when afterwards June 21. 1649. he indeavoured to recover it his Army was broken by a Sally and totally defeated and this City continued in their Hands till 1660. It has been extraordinarily enlarged in its Buildings in the twenty years last past The County of Dublin is bounded on the East by the Irish Sea on the West with the County of Kildare on the South by the little Territories of O Tooles and O. Brians on the North by the County of Meath and a small River called Nanny The Soil is fruitful as to every thing but Wood so that they use Sea-Coal and Turf for their Fewel It is well Inhabited Rich full of excellent Sea-Port Towns Ducey a Town of Normandy upon the River Ardee in the Diocese of Auranches Ducy a Town of Normandy betwixt Caen and S. Lo in the Diocese of Bayeux Duderstad Duderstadium a Town in the Dukedom of Brunswick upon the River Wipper eight Miles from Cassel to the North-East This Town though in the Duchy of Thuringia has belonged to the Elector of Mentz ever since 1365 and is the Capital of the Territory of Eichfeld Dudley a Market Town in
from which it is parted by the River Leye the chiefest Town is L'isle Insula First united to France by Dagobert one of their Kings by whom about 621. it was granted to Liderick de Buque with the Title of Forester In 864. it was granted to Baldwin I. by the Title of Earl of Flanders the Sovereignty being reserved to France whose Homagers these Earls were This Earldom by the Marriage of Philip Duke of Burgundy with Margaret Daughter of Lewis de Malatin Earl of Flanders in 1369. came into the House of Burgundy and so to the House of Austria by the Marriage of Mary Daughter and Heir of Charles the Hardy to Maximilian Emperor of Germany in 1476. in which Family it still is This though the prime Earldom of all Europe yet was a Homager to the Crown of France till Charles V. having taken Francis I. his Prisoner in the Battel of Pavy in Italy by a Treaty at Madrid infranchised it from that Servitude Since the time of Philip II. it has been extreamly curtailed and harassed many of the Inhabitants flying then into England not only depopulated but impoverished it by carrying away its Trade And the Hollanders Revolting not only added to this Calamity by a War of forty years continuance but took from them several Towns in the Northern parts Of later times the French have made the same devastations on the Southern so that not above half Flanders is now left to the Spaniards and that in a weak and declining condition Flassans a small Village in Provence in the Diocese of Freâ—us remark'd for giving name to an eminent Poet of that Country in the thirteenth Century as likewise in the person of Sieur de Flassans sirnamed the Knight of the Faith for his zeal against the Huguenots of Provence in 1562. Flatholm an Island in the Severn over against Somersetshire Flavigni Flaviniacum a small Town in the Tract of Auxois in Burgundy betwixt Dijon and Samur upon a little River near the antient Alize There stands an Abbey of the Benedictines in it La Fleche a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the Loyre towards the Frontiers of Maine Henry le Grand founded a College of Jesuits there in 1603 whose heart is interred in the same Flensburg Flensburgum a City of the Kingdom of Denmark on the South of Jutland upon the Bay of Flens on the Baltick Sea in the Dukedom of Sleswick four German Miles West of the Isle of Alsen and 6 from Frederichstad to the North-East It is but small seated on high Hills with a large Haven and a strong Castle The City is under the King of Denmark but the Territory which belongs to it is under the Duke of Holstein Gottorp Christian V. King of Denmark was born here in the year 1646. Flerus a Village in the County of Namur below Charleroy near the Sambre rendered remarkable by the Battel betwixt the French and Dutch Armies on July 1. 1690. fought upon the Plains thereof with the Victory to the French Fleury or S. Benoît sur Loyre Floriacum a small Town which has a noble and an ancient Monastery of the Order of S. Benedict whose Body lies interred therein seated upon the Loir nine Leagues from Orleans to the East It stands according to some in Le Gastinois to others in the Dukedom of Orleans and deserves to be remembred for the sake of Hugo Floriacensis a Learned Monk of this House who wrote a loyal and a christian Discourse concerning the Origine of Monarchy which he dedicated to Henry II. King of England Published by Baluzius in his fourth Tome of Miscellanies § There is another Fleury in the Dukedom of Burgundy upon the River Ousche three Leagues from Dijon to the West A third in Biere which has a Priory and a fourth in the Isle of France Fliez Phligadia a Mountain in Sclavonia Lazius placeth it in Liburnia upon the Adriatick Sea Flie Flevo an Island at the Mouth of the Rhine which has a fine Haven and a rich Town It stands at the entrance of the Zuidersee near the Texel The English Fleet under Sir Robert Holms entred this Port in 1666 burnt one hundred sixty five Sail of Ships and took and burnt the Town of Schelling which is the chief of that Island Flintshire one of the twelve Shires in Wales bounded on the North with an Arm of the Irish Sea which parts it from Cheshire on the East of it and on all the other Quarters by Denbighshire It is Hilly but not mountainous fruitful in Wheat and Barley but especially Rie upon the Northern Shoar stands Flint Castle which gives name to the whole Shire begun by Henry II. and finished by Edward I. wherein Richard II. renounced the Crown of England Whereupon Henry Duke of Lancaster claimed it and intailed a War on the English Nation that bid fair for its Ruine The Title of Earl of Flint belongs to the Prince of Wales Flix a strong Castle upon the River Ebro in Catalonia supposed to be the old Ibera S. Florentin a Town of France in Senois in Champagne Florence Florentia one of the principal Cities of Italy called by Pliny Fluentia by the Italians Fiorenza and proverbially epitheted La bella from its great beauty The Capital of the Province of Toscany and the Residence of the Great Duke It was built by Sylla's Soldiers in the Year of Rome 675 seventy six years before the Birth of our Saviour upon the River Arno which passeth through it and is covered by four stately Bridges within the Walls It is five or as others say seven Miles in compass paved with Stone adorned with large Streets and stately magnificent Buildings both publick and private to the Beauty of which the natural Ingenuity of the Citizens has contributed very much no place having afforded more excellent Architects Painters and Carvers than this as Schottus observes It is seated in a gentle and healthful Air upon a great and a navigable River surrounded with a delicate Plain pleasant Hills high Mountains and abounding in whatsoever is valuable or useful said to contain above seven hundred thousand Souls It may justly own Charles the Great for its Founder who in 902 enlarged and new Walled it adding one hundred and fifty Towers an hundred Cubits high from whenceforward it began to flourish though it suffered very much from the Factions of the Guelphs and Gibellins that is the Imperial and Papal Parties This City purchased its Liberty of Rodolphus the Emperor about 1285 after which they subjected many of their Neighbours but were never quiet from Foreign Wars or Intestine Divisions till they fell under a second Monarchic Government in the interim Pope Martin V. advanced the Bishop to an Archbishop in 1421. Nor is it less remarkable for a Council held here for uniting the Greek and Latin Churches which began in 1439 and ended in 1442. Nor is the Death of Jerome Savanarola to be forgotten who was burnt here in 1494 for reproving the Vices of
small Island near Malta to the West at the distance of four Miles only mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Now belonging to the Knights of Maltha who have fortified it with a Castle § Also an Island in the Sea of Crete near Cape Crio called Claudia in the Acts of the Apostles C. 27. 16. and otherwise by the Ancients Claudus and Claudos La Grace or La Grasse a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the stead of Antipolis now Antibe it is seated upon an Hill and is a fine well built City with divers Churches and Religious Houses in it three Leagues from Antibe to the West seven from Nice to the same quarter about twenty four from Embrun to the South and the same from Sisteron to the South West Hadr. Vales in his Notitia Galliae saith this City in 1285 belonged to the Bishoprick of Arles and Antibe was then the Bishops See but in 1322. this is named as a Suffragan Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the Itinerary of Gregory XI And that the See was removed hither upon the account of the daily Incursions of Pyrats and Robbers and upon the slaughter of one of the Bishops of Antibe For saith he Antibe is a Sea-Port but La Grace is a strong Castle and more remote from the Sea Which reason sheweth the weakness of the French Nation at Sea in those times Gracias a Dios a Town and Cape of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in the Northern America possessed by the Salvages with the whole Country thereabouts to the extent of fifty Leagues living in a Republican way without any Soveraign King or Prince over them and when they go to War making choice of one out of themselves to command for that present Juncture The Spaniards honour them with the Title of los Indios Bravos for their Gallantry having been never conquered yet Gradiska Gradiscia a principal Town of the Province of Sclavonia in the Lower Hungary upon the Save betwixt Possega and Zagrabia towards the Borders of Croatia See Sclavonia Some will have it to be the true Servitium of the Ancients § A Fortress likewise in Friuli in the County of Goritia upon the River Sisonzo which belongs to the House of Austria Grado Gradus a City and Island belonging to Friuli on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built by the Inhabitants of Aquileja eight Miles from Venice to the East and twelve from Aquileja to the South under the Venetians The Patriarchs of Aquileja long since removed from thence and settled here as they went afterwards from hence to Venice about two hundred years since Elias one of these Patriarchs in 602. celebrated a Council in this place Grafignana Caferoniana a County within the Apennine the greatest part of which is under the Duke of Modena the rest belongs to the Republick of Lucca Graftschaft Mansfeld Mansfeldiensis Comitatus the County of Mansfield The word Graftschaft in the German Town signifying a County Grafton a Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Cleley adorned with a Park and an ancient Seat of the Family de Wideville Earls of Rivers The Marriage of King Edward IV. with the Lady Grey which was the first Marriage of any King of England with a Subject from the Conquest received its consummation here From the year 1490. to Henry VIII this Seat bequeathed by Richard the last of the Male Line of the Rivers to Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset continued in the Name of the Greys and then in an exchange for Lands in Leicestershire became united to the Crown It is well known for giving the Title of Duke to the late Henry Fitz Roy created by King Charles II. his Father Baron of Sudbury Viscount Ipswich and Earl of Euston in 1672. and Duke of Grafton five years after who dyed of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Cork Grambusia Crambusia a small Island on the Coast of Cilicia Grampond a Market and Borough-Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder which returns two Members of Parliament Gran Strigonium a City of the Lower Hungary seated on the South-West side of the River Danube where the River Gran falls into the Danube It s Castle is a very fine Pile built upon the Banks of the Danube upon a Rock which is very steep The City is of a Triangular form It has two great Towers one toward Thomasberg and the other towards the Danube over against Barkan between these Towers there is a Wall which has small Flanks and Redoubts and a Dike flanked with hewen Stone at the foot of the Dike there runs a Terrasse which has strong Pallisadoes and four great Points instead of Ravelins the other side towards the Danube has nothing but Walls and Pallisadoes it is very steep on that side and secured by the River The Castle stands very high but there are two Mountains from which it may be battered This City is divided into two parts the High and the Low Town the last commanding the Danube they are both very strong and have good Walls S. Thomas's Hill is also well fortified because being very near the Town it would otherwise have commanded it There are in it excellent temperate Baths This City was heretofore the Capital of Hungary and has many magnificent Buildings in it as S. Stephens Church the Archbishops Palace c. The Country about it affords excellent Wines there is plenty of hot Springs so that the pleasantness of its situation and the fertility of the Soil easily induced the ancient Kings of Hungary to settle here The importance of this Place has brought upon it many bloody Sieges John King of Hungary besieged it without any success about 1529. Solyman the Magnificent took it in 1544. The Count of Mansfield retook it for the Arch-Duke Matthias in 1595. It was lost again by the Cowardize of the Garrison in 1605. the Governour being accidentally killed Just over against it stands Barkan to which there is a Bridge of Boats over the Danube which together with Barkan was burnt by the Christians in 1664. In 1683. there was under the Walls of this City a sharp Engagement between the Turks and Germans the latter prevailing and taking the City of Gran also October 23 after they had beat the Turks from Vienna July 30. 1685. the Turks again besieged this City but were forced to retire Aug. 16. with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage It stands six German Miles from Alba Regalis to the East the same from Buda to the North and Comora to the South in a most fruitful and pleasant Plain Called by the Inhabitants Stegran by the Germans Gran by the Italians Strigonia S. Stephen King of Hungary was born here This City is also an Archbishops See the Archbishop is perpetual Chancellor of the Kingdom of Hungary and ought by his place to have the Honour of Crowning the King after he is
one of the most considerable Counties in Germany which is bounded on the East and North by Thuringia on the West by Hassia and on the South by the Diocese of Wurtzburgh being in length from East to West almost two days Journey The Emperor Maximilian II. erected it into a Principality which Title in 1583. passed into the House of Saxony Hennebont Hannebon Hannebontum a ancient Town upon the River Blavet which falls into the Sea near Port Louis in the South of Bretagne in France four Leagues from the Shoars of the Sea and three from the said Port thirty two Miles from Rennes to the South-West and ten from Vennes to the North-West Heretofore very strongly fortified but now neglected It has a very fair Church Hensterberg Cetius a Mountain of Austria which begins in the Lower Austria at the Danube three Miles from Vienna to the West and running South through Stiria and Carinthia ends at the Drave being called in different Countries by various Names Heppen Apianum a Castle in the Bishoprick of Trent Herac Petra a City of Arabia Deserta called Rabath in the Scriptures It was in the latter times an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Jerusalem having before been under the Patriarch of Alexandria It stands in the Confines of Palestine upon the Brook Zareth Long. 66. 45. Lat. 30. 20. Heracaian the same with Kherman Herachia Heratia a small Island in the Archipelago East of Scinusa and not far from Heraclea in Thrace Heraclia Heraclea a City in Thrace called Vrbs Herculea in Claudian Perinthus by Ptolemy and before Mygdonia now frequently Araclea It is an Archbishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople at the first its Superior and the Metropolis of Thrace it self so that the Bishop of Byzantium was a Suffragan to the Bishop of Heraclea Severus the Emperor finding the City of Byzantium now Constantinople in the Hands of Pescennius Niger his Rival in 194. besieged it and having taken it after a Siege of three Years dismantled burnt and ruin'd it and gave all its Lands to the City of Heraclea which from thenceforth was advanced above Byzantium and continued so till Constantine built Constantinople in the beginning of the IV. Century The Bishop of Heraclea became by this means superior to the Bishop of Byzantium But Heraclea is now in a decaying Condition thus described by Mr. Wheeler This Town hath a good Harbour whose Mouth lieth East of it turning about so that it maketh a Peninsula The Town lieth in the Neck of this having the Sea on one side and the Port on the other which Port is five Miles in Circumference There appeared great plenty of Marble Antiquities broken and scattered about by the unregarding Turks Amongst the rest I found one Inscription dedicated to Severus their great Benefactor A poor Place it is but an Archbishops See for all that and the Cathedral one of the best now standing in Turky In it Sir Edward Guitts one of the Embassadors of England lies buried who died here before his Return upon whose Tomb is a Greek Inscription This City lies 52 Miles from Constantinople to the West and seventy from Gallipoli to the North-West Hereâ—oâ—râ— a great many Cities in Greece Asia Egypt and Italy have born the same Name of Heraclea but they are all ruined or changed into such distant Names as that this Place belongs no now to them Herbauges Herbadilia an old ruined City not far from Nantes in the Confines of Bretagne and Poictou mentioned in the Lives of the Saints Herberstein a Barony in the Province of Carinthia in Germany Herbipoli See Wurtaburg Herborne Herborna a small Town in Westerwalt in the County of Dillemburgh which is an University or rather has a College founded in it by John Count of Dillemburgh in 1585. It stands four German Miles from Marpurg to the West and three from Gissen or Giessen Herck Archa a Town or Castle in the Bishoprick of Leige in the Confines of Brabant in the middle between Maestricht to the East and Lovain to the West § There is also a River called the Herck which flowing by Tongren or Tongres and this Castle of Herck falls into the Demer Demera one Mile above Bardiest Herklens Herculis Castra a Town of Guelderland Hereford Herefordia Ariconium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the River Wye on the Borders of South Wales beyond the Severn which grew up out of the Ruins of Ariconium an old Roman Town not far from it Camden saith of old it was called Ferulega or the Forest S. Ethelbert King of the East-Angles was slain here by Offa King of the Mercians who invited him to his Court to Marry his Daughter and by the malicious Instigation of Quenred his Queen did this base Act about 749. After which the East-Angles continued under the Mercians seventy seven Years The Prince being esteemed a Martyr there was a Church built to his Honour and a Bishoprick established in it In 1055. it was burnt by the Welsh but soon after rebuilt and fortified Yet it was very small at the time of the Conquest not having above an hundred Men within and without The Normans built here a very strong Castle now ruined and walled the City Reinelm the Bishop built part of the Cathedral in the Reign of Henry I. whose Successors built the rest and the Close It s Long. is 20. 24. Lat. 52. 06. The first Bishop was Putta placed here in 680. Reinelm the XXX in Order succeeded in 1107. and sat eight Years In the year 673. Theodore Archbishop of Canterbury held a Council here There are six Gates for Entrance into it and fifteen Watch-Towers Herefordshire Silures by the Welsh called Erinuck is of an Oval Form Bounded on the East with Worcestershire and Gloucestershire on the South with Monmouthshire on the West with Radnorshire and Brecknock and on the North with Shropshire It is a pleasant fruitful County abounding with all things necessary for the Life of Man They have a Proverb that as to the three W's that is VVheat VVool and VVater it is equal to any County in England The VVye Lug and Munow after they have fertilized the various Parts of this County meet below Monmouth and pass in one Channel into the Severn near Chepstow William Fitz-Osborn was created Earl of Hereford by William the Conqueror in the first year of his Reign Anno Christi 1066. Henry de Bohun descended from the former Earls in 1199 his Posterity in seven Descents enjoyed it till 1371. Henry of Bullingbrook succeeded as Duke of Hereford in the Right of Mary his Wife Daughter of Humfrey de Bohun the last Earl of that Family in 1398. In 1547. Walter d' Eureux descended from the Bouchiers and Bohuns was created Viscount of this County Leicester d' Eureux the present Possessour is the eighth in this Line and a Minor Heren Carrhae a City in Mesopotamia called Heren or Harran by the Turks It was a Bishop's See under the Archbishop
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
is very strongly fortified and has a Castle on a Hill upon the River Eger in the Confines of Misnia four Miles from Eger or Heb another City of Bohemia to the East eighteen from Prague and as many from Dresden Lomaigne Leomania a Tract or Country in Aquitain or Gascony the principal Town of which is Vi◠de Lomaigne it lies between the County of Armagnac Verdun and the Garonne by which it is parted from the County of Agenois Loman a River in Devonshire which falls into the Ex by Tiverton in that County Lombardy Lombardia Longobardia is a considerable Country in the North of Italy under which is contained the greatest part of Gallia Cisalpina It is divided into two the Higher and the Lower Lombardy In the Higher are Piedmont with what is annexed to it the Dukedoms of Milan and Montisferat in the Lower are the Dukedoms of Mantua Modena and Parma with the Western parts of the State of Venice viz. The Territories of Bergamo Brescia Cremona Verona and Vicenza also the Dukedoms of Ferrara with the Territory of Bononia or Bologna which are in the States of the Church and now under the Pope The Italians also divide it into Lombardia di qua dal Po and Lombardia di la dal Po i. e. Lombardy on each side the Po. This was that Kingdom of the Lombards Langobardi or Longobardi in Italy which Charles the Great ruined after he had at Pavie taken Desiderius their last King Prisoner The principal City of this Kingdom was Milan This Kingdom was erected in 578. Isaacson placeth its beginning in 393. with whom Helvicus agrees Agelmond being their first King before whom they had Dukes it continued so under eleven Princes that is in Pannonia or Hungary not in Italy They came into Italy in 568. And their Kingdom continued there under twenty one Princes till 774 when Carlous Magnus Dethroned as was said In all two hundred and six Years Lombez Lombaria or Lumbaria a small City in Aquitain in France in the County of Cominges upon the River Sava which falls into the Garonne four Miles beneath Tolose Lombes stands five Leagues from the Garonne to the North eight from Aux to the South-East and ten from Tolose to the South-West Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII who at the same time erected its ancient Abbey into a Cathedral under the Archbishop of Tolose in 1317. But little and not well inhabited The Albigenses were excommunicated in a Council here Lombura the Indus Lomond and Lough Lomond Lomandus is a great Lake in the South of Scotland in the County of Lenox between Menteith to the East and Argile to the West In length from North to South twenty Miles ten in breadth from East to West in some places in others three and four It is only four Miles from Dunbritown to the North and a little more from its Fyrth the River Levin empties it into the Fyrth There is in it sixteen small Islands Lon Lone or Lunne a River of Lancashire upon which Lancaster and Hornby are situated and Kirkby Lonsdale in the County of Westmorland It ends in the Irish Sea London Londinum Augusta Trinobantum the Capital City of the Kingdom of England or rather three Cities united into one Its length from East to West from Lime-house to the further end of Mill-bank in Westminster coming to 7500 Geometrical paces i. e. seven measured Miles and an half at a thousand paces a Mile Its breadth from the further end of Whitechappel-street to St. George's Fields in Southwark near three Miles It is first mentioned by Tacitus afterwards by Ammianus Marcellinus who calls it Augusta Stephanus de Vrbibus Lindonium Bede and Sigebert call it Lindona the English London the Saxons Lundain the French Londres the Germans Londen and the Italians Londra It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury seated in the County of Middlesex upon the Thames a noble navigable River over which it has a Bridge of nineteen Arches built with Houses on both sides and of late enlarged as to the Passage This is also the Royal City the Seat of the Kings of England and has been so for many years Therefore called the King of Englands Chamber It is situate in a rich and plentiful Soil abounding with plenty of all things and on the gentle ascent of an Hill on the North Side of the Thames By whom or when it was first built is now unknown Tacitus saith that in Nero's time about the Year of Christ 66 it was Copia Negotiatorum Commeatu maximè celebre A place of great resort for Commerce and famous for plenty of provisions But London was then near a great Calamity for Boadicia Queen of the Iceni being provoked by the Injuries of the Romans to assemble the Britains fell first upon Camalodunum now Maldon in Essex and taking it by surprize that year put all the Romans to the Sword Petilius Cerealis coming up with the ninth Legion was defeated and all his Foot put to the Sword too the Horse hardly escaping In the Interim Suetonius the Roman Propraetor or Governor who was then conquering the Isle of Anglesey comes up to London and was at first almost resolved to make it the Seat of War but finding reasons to alter this Resolve he marched away to S. Albans so Boadicia who was not far off came up and put all She found in the Town to the Sword and soon after treats S. Albans in the same manner in which three places She destroyed seventy thousand Romans and their Allies This City soon recovered this Blow and was afterward as famous as ever In the Year of Christ 292 it was in danger of being Sack'd by the Franks if an unexpected Arrival of some Roman Forces had not accidentally preserved it even when the Franks were actually in Possession of it Soon after this Constantine the Great is said to have Walled it In 313 we find Restitutus Bishop of London at the Council of Arles in France subscribing after Eborius Bishop of York Bede is very positive that it was then an Archbishops See Mr. Cambden is of opinion it was delivered up to the Saxons under Hengist their first King by Vortigern about the Year of Christ 463. Tho this changed the state of things and ruined Christianity yet London continued in all this Storm a considerable Mart or Sea-Port in 610. S. Paul's Church was built or rather rebuilt and assigned to the Uses of Christianity by Athelbert King of Kent Miletus was made the first Bishop of London after the Conversion of the Saxons in 604 the Metropolitick See being removed by Augustin the Monk then from London to Canterbury About the Year 701 Offa King of the East-Angles enlarged and endowed the Church of Westminster which is since become another City joined to London In the Year 854 this City fell into the Hands of the Danes who Sacked it and Canterbury coming then with a Fleet of two hundred and fifty Ships In 1012
these Barbarians slew the Bishop of London for not paying them their Tribute the Year after Sweno King of the Danes took the City and expelled King Ethelred out of England but this lasted not long In the Year 1016 Canutus the Dane took London and in 1018 was there Crowned King of England In 1042 there was an end put to this Danish Race and Edward the Confessor was Crowned King of England In 1064 this Prince died and Herald usurping upon Edward Atheling the Right Heir William Duke of Normandy entred England slew him and in 1066 was Crowned in London The Fate of London has been much the same with that of England ever since for this Prince in 1078 having built the Tower of London it became the setled Residence of our Kings from that day forward William II. in 1099 Walled the Tower King John in 1210 Granted this City its first Charter and Instituted its Major and Government In 1211 He built London Bridge In 1217 Lewis of France was besieged in London by Henry III. and forced to leave the Land In 1378 John Philpot a Londoner at his own Cost and upon his own Authority put out a Fleet and cleared the Seas of Pyrats In 1381 the Country Clowns rising against the Nobility and one Jack Straw behaving himself insolently towards the King in Smithfield Sir William Wallworth the Lord Major stabbed him and put an end to that Rebellion for which Service the Red Dagger was added as is said to the Arms of London In 1392 that Prince seized their Liberties for resusing to lend him Money In 1567 the Royal Exchange was built by Sir Thomas Gresham In succeeding times it throve to that degree as to have one hundred and thirty three Parishes accounted within its Walls and Suburbs In 1665 a Plague swept away one hundred thousand of her Inhabitants In 1666 a devouring Fire Levelled thirteen thousand of her Houses The Footsteps of which dismal Calamity by the Industry of the Citizens encouraged by their Gracious King Charles II. are not otherwise to be seen but in a more glorious Restauration A great multitude of Provincial and National Councils have been celebrated at London in all times Long. 23. 25. Lat. 51. 34. § Boston in New England is sometimes also called New London London-Derry is a Colony of the English Planted in the County of Colâ—ain in the North of the Province of Vlster in a fruitful Soil and upon Waters that afford it great plenty of Fish of all sorts This in 1612 was made a London Colony some of the Companies in London bearing the Charge of it and one Colonel Dockwray an old experienced Commander of the English being sent with them to command govern and take care of them Being thus happily begun and a great number following the first in a short time it became the most considerable City in Vlster And being as well carefully Fortified and Garrisoned as Peopled in the time of the Irish Massacre it stood so firm for the English that no Force or Fraud of the Irish could expel them The Irish had reduced them to great extremity in 1649 but one Owen Row Oneale in time frustrated their Attempts and relieved the Town when it was just upon the point of being starved into a Complyance See Derry Longford a Town and County in Ireland in the Province of Leinster The County has Connaught on the West Vlster on the North Letrim and Roscomen on the West and Mayo on the South The Town is small and stands upon the North Side of the River Long where it falls into the Lake of Eske Longland an Island in the Baltick taken from the Danes by the Swedes in 1657. Long Meg and her Daughters a Trophy in the County of Cumberland erected at Salkeld on the River Eden It consists of seventy seven Stones each ten foot above ground but the highest is fifteen foot and this by the Inhabitants has the Name given it of Long Meg. Longouy or Longwy a Town in the Duchy of Lorain in the Dukedom of Bar in the Confines of Luxemburg five Leagues from Montmidy to the East and the same distance from Luxemburg to the South lately fortified by the French Longtown a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in Eskdale Ward Longueil a Town in Normandy near Dieppe giving its name to an honorable Family Longueville a Town in the Paix de Cauxe in Normandy which had the honour to be erected from the Title of an Earldom into a Dukedom in 1505. by Lewis XII K. of France Loon Loen Lon Los a River in the Bishoprick of Liege in the Earldom of Loots called by these various Names by the Germans Dutch and French Lopski Lopia a part of Tartary on the East of Moscovy beyond the River Ob which is subject to the Russ but lies in Asia between Siberia and Baida two other Provinces of that vast Empire Loquabre or Lockabre a County in Scotland called by Latin Writers Abria and Loquabria it lies on the West of Scotland towards the Hebrides written by the Scots Loch Quaber and bounded on the North with the Ocean and the County of Ross on the East with Murray and Athole on the South with Perth Menteith and Loune cut off from it by the broad Tay and on the West with the Ocean There are some Castles but never a Town or City of any Note in it Lorain Lotharingia Austrasia is a Dukedom belonging to Germany of late seized by the French King and therefore by Baudrand made a part of France Bounded on the East with Alsatia cut off by the Mountain Vauge Vogesus and the Dukedom of Bipont or Westreich as the Germans call it on the South with the County of Burgundy or the Franche Compté on the West with the River Maes which parts it from Champagne and on the North with Luxemburg Metz Verdun and the Land of Triers This Country is in length about four days Journey in breadth three much overgrown with Woods very Hilly and Mountainous being a part of the once vast Forest of Ardenne It was given by Lotharius the Emperor to his second Son Lotharius and from him took the Name of Lorain or as others write it Lorraigne This happened about the Year 851. Others say it took this Name from the Father and not from the Son about the Year 843 but all agree that from Lotharius this County was called by the Germans Lotreich by the Dutch Lot-reigne i. e. the Kingdom of Lot and from hence of later times by the Germans Lotthiringen by the Inhabitants Lorrain by the French Lorain The first of these Dukes of Lorain was Charles right Heir of the Caroline Line of France but excluded defeated and taken Prisoner by Hugh Capet His Advancement was from Otho II. Emperor of Germany about the Year 981 being the Son of Lewis IV. of France and of Gerbage an Aunt of the said Otho From this Charles the present young Duke of Lorain is Lineally Descended being the thirty fourth
against which the Turks spent twenty thousand Cannon Shot and at last took it to their no great advantage In the middle of the Eastern Haven stands the Castle of S. Angelo upon a Rock this and Burgo quelled the fury of the Turks and prevented their Triumph over Malta Though the Inhabitants exceed not twenty thousand yet it is not able to supply them with Necessaries but that the fertil Sicily is so near from which they have much of their Provisions They have some fresh-water Fountains the Rain that falls they reserve in Cisterns and have always three years Provisions beforehand kept under ground The Great Master of the Order of the Knights of Malta at present is Alarame de Vignecourt chosen in Aug. 1690. The City Malta is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Palermo in Sicily and the Residence of the Grand Prior of the Church also now the Capital of the Island which last honour formerly was enjoy'd by Citta Vecchia another Episcopal City in the middle of Malta Several small Islands adjacent the Principal are Gozo Comini and Farfara depend upon the Grand Master as their Soveraign The illustrious Order of the Knights of this place is composed of eight Nations amongst which England was the sixth in rank before the Reformation To each Nation there belongs a Grand Prior The Persons incorporated are divided into three Estates of Knights Ecclesiasticks and Servans des Armes or Esquires all vowing celibacy Some out of both the two first have been known advanced to the Dignity of Cardinals and the Sons of Kings and Princes have adorned the rank of the Knights This Island produces no Wine nor Corn but Cotton Oates and delicious Fruits in Plenty § There is another Island Malta in the Adriatick belonging to Dalmatia and called by the Sclavonians Milet by others Meleda The Miletaeus Catellus a Proverb for a Lap-dog is derived from the little Dogs of this latter place according to Athenaeus Long. 39. 25. Lat. 34. 40. Malvasia Epidaurus an Archiepiscopal City of the Morea on the Eastern Shoar in the Province of Tzaconia near the most South-Eastern Cape called Cape Maleo built upon a Rock which advanced position gives it an agreeable Prospect both by Sea and Land This Rock is surrounded by the Sea on all sides being only joined to the Continent by a Timber Bridge yet has Nature provided it a fresh and clear Fountain of good Water sufficient to serve the City and their Gardens it is approachable only on one side that is on the South which is secured by a triple Wall of great strength In the times of the Greek Idolatry it was famous for a Temple of Esculapius much frequented It was ravished from the Greek Emperors by the Venetians and French about the year 1204. The Emperors recovered it again from William a French Baron to whom it was given by the Latins but he returning to Venice freely resigned his Right to that State whereupon the Venetians sent a powerful Fleet and regained the Possession of it which they kept till the year 1537. when they were forced to surrender it to the Turks to purchase a Peace In the times of the late Wars in Candy the Venetians took this Town by Storm plundered burnt and then left it after they had put most of the Inhabitants to the Sword and carried away the Cannon The Turks rebuilt it General Morosini bombarded it in his way to Athens Sept. 1687. Afterwards it was blockaded then besieged At last it surrendered to General Cornaro Sept. 12. 1690. whereby the whole Morea stands now reduced under the Dominion of the States of Venice They found in it seventy three Pieces of Cannon and above one hundred and thirty Christian Slaves recovered their Liberty Long. 50. 00. Lat. 38. 30. Mamertini an ancient People of the Island Samos in the Icarian Sea said afterwards to establish themselves at Messina in Sicily Whence the Messenii have the Name also of Mamertini and the Sea adjacent of Fretum Mamertinum Mamotta Arabia Foelix Man Eubonia Monaaeda Monapia Monavia Mona an Island in the Irish Sea between Lancashire to the East and Vlster to the West The Welsh call this small place Menow the Inhabitants Maing the English Man It lies in length from North to South thirty Italian Miles its greatest breadth is fifteen It has seventeen Parish Churches brings forth Flax Hemp and Corn in plenty affords more Cattle than they need especially Sheep they have no Fewel but Turff In the middle it swelleth into Hills from the highest of which Sceafull by Name in a clear day may be seen England Scotland and Ireland The chief Town is Russin seated at the South End of the Island which has a Garrisoned Castle it has also a Bishop who is stiled Sodorensis and is now under the Archbishop of York This Island was first possessed by the Britains after them succeeded the Scots about the times of Honorius and Arcadius these were driven out by Cuneda Grandfather of Maglocunus stiled by Gildas the Dragon of the Islands Edwin King of Northumberland Conquered it next for the Saxons about 618. The Danes being driven out of England by Harold they were invited Hither by one Godred Corvan who had been entertained in his flight in the Isle of Man This Dane brought over his Country Men three times successively invaded it before he could master the Inhabitants but then prevailing he became King of Man soon after the time William of Normandy conquered England This Race of Kings continued to 1270. about two hundred years about which time Robert the King of the Scots having succeeded Alexander who had purchased the Hebrides of the King of Denmark made another Conquest of the Isle of Man which was one of the last they gained the Possession of After this sometimes the Scots sometimes the English were Masters of it till in 1340. William Montacute Earl of Salisbury descended from Mary the Daughter of Reginald the last King of Man finally drove out the Scots and in 1393. sold it to William Scrope who being beheaded for Treason Henry IV. granted it to Henry Percy Earl of Northumberland about 1400. He likewise forseiting it this Prince granted it to Sir John Stanley whose Successor in 1486. was by Henry VII created Earl of Darby And in this Family it still is wiâ—h the Title of Lord of Man being possessed by William Earl of Darby the Grandchild of James who in 1651. was beheaded for his Loyalty to Charles II. After which the Rebels by force reduced the Island under them it was restored to this Family in 1660. by Charles II. The Language here spoken is different from that of all His Majesties other Dominions being a mixture of Scotch Irish Danish and English but the Southern part nearer to the Scotch and the Northern to the Irish The first Bishop of Man is said to have been Amphibalus in 360. There are great Chasms in the Succession till 1203. and again from 1396. In 1505. Huamus
were levelled by an Earthquake April 1690. At the same time the Sea left its accustomed Bounds a great part of a Mile the Earth vomited hot and fetid Waters its motion Pulses and Openings also all over the Island being such as nothing can be more terrible Neure a River of Kilkenny in Ireland which watereth Ross then falls into the Sewer which separates Leinster from Mounster and falls beneath VVaterford into the Ocean Neusidlersee Peiso a Lake between Austria and the Lower Hungary bteween Raab to the East and Vienna to the West Neustria the Name of a part of the Kingdom of France in use amongst the Writers of the Times of Charlemaigne and his Son to denote the Country from the Saosne and the Meuse to the Loyre and the Ocean It has been since changed into that of Normandy tho the present Dukedom of Normandy makes no more than a part of the ancient Neustria New Albion California an Island on the West of America in North Lat. 38. discovered by Sir Francis Drake in 1578. Newark upon Trent is a fair rich Town in Nottinghamshire seated on the East Bank of the Trent where it divides into two Branches and makes an Island before the Town eleven Miles from Nottingham to the North and in the high Road to York which took its Name from a Castle here built by Alexander Bishop of Lincoln in the Reign of Henry II. which was seized by King Stephen King John died in this Town in 1216. Edward VI. incorporated it and gave it the Privilege of sending two Burgesses to the Parliament It suffered a Siege for its Loyalty in 1643 1644. which was raised by Prince Rupert March 22. It stood firm to the Royal Interest till May 11. 1646. and then was forced to surrender the King being in the Hands of the Scots and all his Forces dissipated This Town gives the Title of Viscount to the Earl of Kingston and is the Capital of its Hundred Newbury Novum burgum a Town on the South of Barkshire upon the River Kennet which at Reading falls into the Thames Called by Antoninus Spinae tho not built now in the same place a fine rich Cloathing Town seated in a Champain Plain Country Made famous by a signal Victory obtained here by Charles I. Septemb. 20. 1643. over the Forces of the Parliament October 27. 1644. there was a second Fight in which tho the King's Forces which were much divided had at first the good Fortune to drive the Enemy out of the Field yet being overpowered by Numbers and fresh Supplies they were at last Routed and the King in great danger of being taken This Battel tho short was the sharpest that was fought in all that War Charles II. added a great Honor to this Place when in 1675. he created Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton Earl of Chichester and Baron of Newbury New-Castle upon Tine is a strong rich populous Sea-Port Town in Northumberland upon the North Bank of the River Tine but on the Borders of Durham six Miles from the Sea The River is very deep the Haven secure and large the Town stands upon a rising Ground and has a fair Bridge over the River on the South side with an Iron Gate upon it which divides the County of Northumberland from the Bishoprick of Durham near which stands the Castle and over against it the Market-Place and more to the North upon a sleep Hill the Body of the Town fenced with Towers and strong Walls It contains four Parishes amongst which St. Nicholas's Church upon the top of the Hill has the gracefulness of a Cathedral Ships of good burden come up to the very Bridge But the Newcastle-fleet commonly stays at Sheales near the Rivers Mouth This Town for Wealth and Commerce by Sea and Land for all Commodities may well be esteemed the Bristol of the North. Mr. Cambden doth suppose it to have been called Garbosentum by the Romans afterwards Monk-chester and to have taken the name of Newcastle when it was rebuilt by Robert Eldest Son to William the Conqueror and Newcastle upon Tine to distinguish it from Newcastle under Line In the Reign of Edward I. a Rich Man being taken Prisoner in the Town by the Scots after his Ransom began the Fortifications of it and the rest of the Inhabitants finished this Work which made it both safe and rich Richard II. made it a Mayor Town Long. 21. 30. Lat. 57. 34. Thus far Mr. Cambden The Scots in 1640. seized this strong Town and thereby began the Calamities of England which lasted twenty years In 1644. after a long Siege the Scots took it the second time October 19. Lewis Steward Duke of Lenox was created Earl of Newcastle in 1604. by James I. He dying without Issue William Cavendish Viscount Mansfield and Baron Ogle was by Charles I. created Earl of Newcastle in 1627. Marquess of Newcastle in 1643. and Duke of the same in 1664. by Charles II. to whom succeeded Henry his Son in 1676. The Corporation Elects two members of Parliament Newcastle under Line a large Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the rivulet Line It is a Borough Town and hath the honour of electing two Members of the English Parliament New England a large Country in North America first discovered by Sebastian Cabot under English Colours in 1497. Entred upon for the English by Mr. Philip Amadas in 1584. It lies in forty and forty one deg of North Lat. seventy Miles upon the Ocean which affords it plenty of Harbours The Air is healthful but the Weather very uncertain This Country was first begun to be Planted in 1606. In 1610. one Robinson an Independent Preacher struck in with the Design and much promoted that Plantation It is well watered with Rivers has great variety of Wild Fowl Wild Beasts Timber in abundance Flax Hemp Corn of all sorts Furrs Amber and Iron wherewith the Inhabitants drive a gainful Trade with the other English Plantations in America This Colony is very strong They have built seven great Towns the chief of which is Boston which in 1670. had fifty Sail of Ships belonging to it They would never submit to any Governour sent from England but lived like a Free State till a Quo Warranto being sent against them in 1683. by K. Charles II. they submitted to Henry Cranfield Esq and in 1686. accepted Sir Edward Andrews as Governour for King James II. The Dukedom of Newenburg Neoburgum called by the French Neubourg is a Tract in Germany in Nortgow upon the Danube part of which lies in the Circle of Bavaria and part in Schwaben Heretofore a part of the Dukedom of Bavaria till Maximilian I. granted it to the Children of Rupert Prince Palatine This Line ended in 1559. in the Person of Henry after whom Succeeded Philip Lewis Duke of Deuxponts or Zweybrucken in which Family it still is It takes its name from Newburg Neoburgum a City in Bavaria upon the Danube four Leagues from Donawert in Schwaben to
England Bounded on the North with the German Ocean on the East in part by the same Ocean in part by Suffolk on the South by the Rivers of VVaveney and the little Ouse which part it from Suffolk on the West with the great Ouse and towards Lincolnshire with that part of the Nene which passeth from VVisbich to the Washes It containeth in length from Yarmouth to VVisbich fifty Miles in breadth from Thetford to VVells thirty in circuit about two hundred and forty The Southern parts which are Wood Lands are fruitfull the Northern or Champain barren and dry In the whole are six hundred and sixty Parishes and thirty one Market Towns and besides the VVaveney and the Ouse watered by the Rivers Yare and Thryn It s Capital City Norwich The largest County next to Yorkshire in England and surpassing even Yorkshire in populousness In the time of the Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Angles The first Earl of Norfolk was Ralph de VVaet Created in the Year 1075. After whom succeeded the Bigots from 1135 to 1270 in six Descents In 1313 Tho. de Brotherton a Son of Edward I. was made Earl of Norfolk Margaret his Daughter in 1398 was made Duchess whose Son Thomas Mowbray and his Descendents continued the Honor to the Year 1461. In 1475 Richard Duke of York was made Duke of Norfolk In 1483 John Lord Howard was vested with the same Honor in whose Family it now is Henry the present Duke of Norfolk being the ninth Duke of this Race Norimburgh See Nurenberg Norin a fort of Dalmatia betwixt the River Narenta and the branch thereof called Norin which returns into the bed of the Narenta again Under the Venetians Norkoping Norcopia a small City in Sweden between two Lakes five Miles from the Baltick Sea in the Province of Ostrogothia by the River Motala ten Miles from the Lake Veter East Normandy Neustria Normannia is a great and fruitful Province in France which has the Title of a Dukedom It has this name from the Normans who under Rollo their first Duke setled here in the time of Charles the Simple King of France Bounded on the North and West by the British Sea on the East by Picardy on the South by le Perche and le Maine It lies sixty six Leagues from East to West and from North to South about thirty the principal City in it is Roan or Roiien This Province is divided into twelve Counties but more usually into the Upper and Lower Normandy the former containing the Bailywicks of Roiien Eureux Caux and Gisors the other those of Alenzon Caen and Constantin It s principal Rivers are the Seine Eure Risle Dive Soule Ouve c. A cold Climate plentiful in Corn Cattel and Fruits but generally wanting Wine It yields some Mines of Iron and Brass together with Medicinal Waters Is better inhabited by Gentry than almost any other Province of France and reckons above a hundred Cities and a hundred and fifty great Towns standing in it Rollo the first Duke under whom the Normans besieged Paris three times obtained that Title in 912. from Charles the Simple who gave his Daughter in Marriage to him upon condition to hold Normandy in homage to the Crown William the base Son of Robert the sixth Duke Conquered England in 1066 by which means it was United to the Crown of England till 1202 when King John was outed of it Henry V. about 1420. reconquered this Duchy His Son lost it again about 1450. ever since which time it has been annexed to the Crown of France De Noort Caep Rubaea Rubeae Promontorium is the most Northern Point of Finmark and indeed of all Europe § There is a Cape of the same Name in Guiana in South America Nortgow Nortgovia a Province of Germany between Bohemia to the East the Danube to the East and South which parts it from Bavaria Schwaben and Franconia to the West and Voigtland to the North. The Capital of it is Norimburg This name in the German Tongue signifies the North Country It was the Seat of the antient People Nariscâ— North-Allerton A Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire near the Stream Wisk which falls into the Swale The Capital of its Hundred Northamptonshire Northantonia is seated almost in the midst of England on the North it is parted from Lincolnshire by the River Weland on the East from Huntington by the Nene on the South it has Buckingham and Oxford and on the West Warwickshire separated by Watlingstreet a Roman way From North to South it is forty six Miles in length but not full twenty in breadth where broadest In the whole there are three hundred twenty six Parishes and thirteen Market Towns The Rivers Nen and VVeland have their rise in this County together with the Ouse The Air is temperate the Soil rich fruitful champain full of People The chief Town is Northampton pleasantly seated on the Bank of the River Nen where two Rivulets from the North and South fall into it which for its Circuit Beauty and Buildings may be compared with most of the Cities of England It was burnt by the Danes In the Wars in King John's time it suffered much from the Barons Near this City in 1460. Henry VI. was overthrown and first taken Prisoner by Edward IV. In 1261 the Students of Cambridge are said to have removed hither by the King's Warrant with Intentions to have setled the University here In the Reign of King Charles II. Sept. 1675. it was totally destroyed by Fire but by the favour of that gracious Prince and the chearful Contributions of good People soon rebuilt Long. 19. 40. Lat. 52. 36. To omit the more ancient Families VVilliam Lord Compton was created Earl of Northampton by King James I. in 1618. The present Earl George is the fourth of this Noble Family Northausen Northusia an Imperial Free City of Germany in Thuringia upon the River Zorge between Erford to the South and Halberstad to the North eight German Miles from either This City is under the Protection of the Elector of Saxony and said to have been built by Meroveus I. King of the Franks in the Year of Christ 447. The North Foreland Cantium a Cape of the Isle of Thaâ—â—â—â— in Kent famous for a Sea Fight between the English and the Dutch in 1666. When the brave Duke of Albemarle with only two Squadrons of the English Fleet maintained a Fight against the whole Dutch Fleet of an hundred Sail two days together Prince Rupert coming up in the Evening of the second day the English fell again the third on the Dutch Fleet and beat them home which all things considered was the most wonderful Naval Fight that ever was fought upon the Ocean Northumberland Northumbria is parted on the South by the Derwent and the Tyne from the Bishoprick of Durham on the East it has the German Ocean on the North Scotland on the West Scotland and Cumberland it has the form of a Triangle
Pont near Belsey in the County of Northumberland giving the Title of Earl to the Duke of Newcastle and its name to the VVard it stands in It did formerly belong to the Barons Ogle Oglio Ollio Ollius a River in the States of Venice in Italy it springeth from the Mountains above Edulum in the Borders of Switzerland in the Valteline and flowing through Brescia or Brexa into the Lake de Iseo it leaves it at Calepio a little lower separating the Territory of Brescia from that of Cremona or the State of Venice from the Dukedom of Milan and watering part of the Dukedom of Mantoua it falls into the Po at Burgoforte Oie a County in Picardy It is extended from Calais as far as to Graveling and Dunkirk and hath a Town in it of the same name The Spaniards during the Civil Wars of the League possessed themselves of this County till by the Treaty of Vervin in 1598. it was surrendred again to the Crown of France The English heretosore held it above two Ages § There is a small Island Oie near that of Rè upon the Coast of Saintonge in Aquitain L'Oise Osesia Isauria Oesia Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy in the Confines of Hainault and Champagne and washing Guise Lafere and Noyon at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne a bigger River than it self so by Pont S. Maxiente Beaumont and Pont Oyse falls into the Seyne six Miles below Paris towards Roan Okeham or Oakham the Capital Town of the County of Rutland seated in the rich and pleasant Vale of Catmoss and said to derive its name from the plenty of Oaks growing in its neighbourhood It has a Castle where the Assises are kept a Frecschool and a Hospital And by an ancient Privilege belonging to its Royalty a Nobleman entering on horseback within its Precincts pays the homage of a Shooe from his Horse Therefore upon the door of the Shire-Hall there are many Horse-shooes nailed and over the Judges Seat in the same one curiously wrought five foot and a half long with a breadth proportionable But this Homage or Forfeiture may be commuted for money Okehampton a Borough and Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Black-Torring It returns two Members of Parliament Old or Ould Olitis a River in Quercy in France Olde or Oude Vlda a River in Bretagne Oldenburg Oldenburgum Brannesia a small City in VVestphalia the Capital of a County of the same name seated upon the River Honta twenty five Miles from Breman to the West and forty from Embden to the East Built by Otho the Great and almost totally ruined by Fire in the year 1676. that very day the Citizens were to have taken the Oath of Allegiance to the King of Denmark The County of Oldemburg is a small County in the Circle of VVestphalia between East-Friesland to the West the Dukedom of Bremen to the East the Bishoprick of Munster to the South and the German Ocean to the North. Very fruitful especially as to Pasture and Cattle the Air is cold and Foggy This for a long time was under Counts of its own who are derived from VVittikindus the last King and first Duke of the Saxons VValepart one of his Nephews in 850. being the Earl of Oldemburg This Line continued with some small variation for twenty three or twenty four Descents and in 1676. failed Since which it has been annexed to the Crown of Denmark that King being descended of the Eldest Branch of the Earls of Oldenburg Oldenborg a Town in Holstein in the Territory of Wageren once a Bishops See but removed long since to Lubeck it stands not above three Miles from the Baltick Sea and thirty from Lubeck to the North. Oldenpo Oldenpoa a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Lettonia to the South Esthonia properly so called to the West Alentak to the North and Moscovy to the East under the Swedes the chief Town in it is Tonspat Oldenzeel or Oldensel Odesalia a strong Town in Overyssel in the Vnited Netherlands taken and dismantled by the Hollanders in 1626. Oldeslo Oldensloe Oldesloa a Town in Holstein in Wageren upon the River Trava in the Borders of Lavemburg three German Miles from Lubeck to the West and five from Hamburgh to the South-East The King of Denmark erected here a spacious Fortification in 1688. At which Lubeck was not a little alarm'd Oleron Vliarus an Island on the Coast of Aquitain belonging to the Duchy thereof upon the Shoar of Saintonge against the Mouth of the River Charente two Leagues from the Continent Six from North to South two from East to West strengthened by a very strong Castle on the South Side and universally famous for the Sea-Laws here Published by Richard I. King of England at his Return from the Holy Land in the fifth year of his Reign at which time this Island lay under the Dominion of the Kings of England This is the same Island with the Olarion of Sidonius Apollinaris which he says yields plenty of Rabbets Oleron or Oleron sur le Gave Oloronensis urbis Huro Hurona Elarona Loronensium Civitas a City of Bearn in the South of France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aux Destroyed by the Normans in the year 1080. and rebuilt by Centulus one of the Earls of this Province upon a Branch of the Gave thence called Le Gave de Oleron ten Leagues from Tarbes to the West eighteen from Dax to the South and twenty four from Pampelona to the North. It stands upon an Eminence having an old Tower Olika Olica a City in Volhinia a Province of Poland five Miles from Lucko to the South-East which in 1651. sustained a Siege against the Cossacks and preserved it self out of their Hands Olinde Olinda a Maritim City of Brasil in America the Capital of the Province of Pernambuc Taken by the Hollanders in 1629. and fortified but afterwards deserted and returned under the Crown of Portugal This City stands upon a Hill near the Mouth of the River Bibiribe has a Castle called S. George and a large Haven In 1676. it was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Salvadore Olivenza Evandria Oliventia a strong City of Portugal upon the River Guadiana three Leagues from Elvas to the South-West and twelve from Evora to the East Taken by the Spaniards in 1658. and restored to the Portuguese by the Treaty of Peace at Lisbon in 1688. Olivero Oliverio Helicon a River on the North of Sicily The Mount of Olives Mons Olivetus a Mount in the Vicinage to the East of the City Jerusalem in Palestine which hath the Valley of Jehosaphat lying betwixt Jerusalem and it and the Brook Kedron gliding at its Foot About two thousand Paces in length from North to South and six hundred in heighth affording a delightful Prospect not only over Jerusalem but towards the Mountains of Arabia towards Jordain and the Dead Sea Hebron and Samaria It breaks into three Points or little Hills whereof the
Empire it fell into the hands of the Saracens who in the seventh and eighth Century possessed most of the Islands in the Mediterranean Sea In 809. Pepin Father of Charles the Great recovered this Island out of their hands which after this was the subject of a long War between the States of Genoua and Pisa till at last Pope Boniface VIII granted it to James II. King of Arragon about 1296. who after many Wars obtained the quiet possession of it in 1326. or as Hoffman saith in 1409 Ever since it has been in that Family Frederick II. has also given it the Title of a Kingdom The Soil is very fruitful but the Air equally unhealthful or pestilential rather insomuch that the Common-wealth and the Emperours of the Romans banished such persons to this Island as they desired to have dead without Sword or Poyson The Rivers Cedro and Tirso divide it into two parts called the Cape de Lugodori and Cap de Cagliari for its sertility it was called the Nurse of Rome by Valerius Maximus yet those parts of the Island to the North and East are mountainous and barren The rest are Algher Castel Aragonese Bosa Ostagni Terra Nova Sacer and Iglesias A Vice-Roy for the King of Spain governs this Island Sardica See Sofia Sardis the ancient Metropolis of Lydia in the Lesser Asia Not to speak of its being the Capital of the Kingdom of the famous Gyges Cyrus we find took it in the fifty ninth Olympiad and with it submitted all Lydia to his Empire In the sixty ninth Olympiad about the year of Rome 250. Aristagoras with twenty Athenian Ships took and burnt it After this it was rebuilt and passed under the Empire of the Greeks In the year of Rome 540. Antiochus conquered it In S. John the Apostle's time it received Christianity but for its inconstancy therein became one of the Subjects of his Revelations and now utterly ruined It was a Bishops See Sarduni Planasia an Island on the Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Sare Sarvus a River of the Low-Countries called Sara by Venantius Fortunatus by the Germans die Saare by the French Sare it ariseth in Mount Vauge in the Borders of Lorain and Alsatia near the Town of Salme and running Northward it watereth Sareck Serwerdon S. Jean Sarsberg and a little above Trier from the South-East falls into the Moselle Sarepta an ancient City of Phoenicia in Syria which was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tyre Now called Sarafends or Saphet The Prophet Elias miraculously augmented the Widows Oyl and raised her dead Son to life at this place according to the History of the Old Testament Sargasso or Mar do Sargasso is that part of the Ocean which lies betwixt the Islands of Cape Verde the Canaries and the Continent of Africa so called by the Portugueze Sargathia the Asiatick Tartary a vast Country in Asia Sarisbury or Salisbury or New Sarum Sarisberia Sorviodunum Sarviodunum Severia is the principal City of Wiltshire seated in the North-West part of that County near the Borders of Hampshire and Dorsetshire upon the Rivers of Willey and Alan united into one Stream and falling presently into the Avon in such sort as that most of the Streets of this City have a Stream commodiously running through the midst of them This was anciently a Roman Town by the name of Sorbiodunum seated on a high Hill and therefore destitute of Water Kinrick King of the West Saxons was the first of that Race who possessed it after a Defeat of the Britains in 553. Canutus the Dane much damaged it by Fire in 1003. In the Reign of William the Conquerour it recovered after Herman Bishop of Shirburn had removed the See hither whose next Successor Osman built the Cathedral William the Conquerour summoned hither all the States of England to take an Oath of Allegiance to him Since those times the City is removed Northward and come down into the Plains nearer the Avon Here there was a second Cathedral begun by Richard Poore Bishop of this See in 1218. Finished by Bridport the third Bishop from Poore in 1258. which is one of the greatest and most beautiful Churches in England Having twelve Gates fifty two Windows three hundred sixty five Pillars great and small answering to the Months Weeks and Days of the year The glory of this Diocese was the most Learned and Industrious Bishop John Jewel consecrated Jan. 21. 1559. died Sept. 23. 1571. In 1153. Patrick d'Eureux was created Earl of Salisbury and his Son William succeeded in that Honour In 1â—97 William Long-espee a Natural Son to Henry II. by the beautiful Râ—samond marrying Ella the Daughter of William d' Eureux had this Honour In 1333. William d' Montacute King of Man became the fifth Earl whose Male Line in four Descents enjoyed the Honour till the year 1428. when it passed to Richard Nevil who married Eleanor the Daughter of Thomas Montacute Lord Chancellour In 1472. George Duke of Clarence second Brother to Edward IV. had it in Marriage with Isabel Daughter of Richard Nevil the second Earl of that Line In 1477. Edward eldest Son of Richard III. married Ann the second Daughter of the said Richard and had this Honour In 1514. Margaret Daughter of George Duke of Clarence was by Henry VIII created Countess of Salisbury In 1605. Robert Lord Cecil was by James I. created Earl of Salisbury in which Line it still is Sarlat Sarlatum a City of Aquitain in France in the Province of Perigort which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux It stands upon a River of the same Name one League from the Dordonne betwixt the Dordogne and the Vezere as it were in an Island eight from Perigueux to the South-East and thirty from Bourdeaux to the North-East Made a Bishops See by Pope John XXII in 1317. by the change of its ancient Benedictine Abbey into a Cathedral having before been a part of the Diocese of Perigueux It is so strongly situated as to withstand two Sieges in the Civil Wars in 1652. Sarmatia and Sauromatia This vast Region in ancient Geography was divided into Sarmatia Asiatica Europaea and Germanica Sarmatia Asiatica lay properly towards the Borders of Europe and Asia with the Northern Ocean to the North the Pontus Euxinus to the South Scythia to the East and Sarmatia Europaea to the West now contained in the Northern Muscovia in the Provinces of Samoyeda Duina Permski Lucomeria c. Sarmatia Europea had for Bounds both the other Sarmatia's with the Euxine Sea making now Russia And Sarmatia Germanica took up the greatest part of the present Kingdom of Poland being divided from the European Sarmatia by the Nieper to the East from the Borders of Germany by the Vistula to the West from Dacia by the Neister and the Carpathian Mountains to the South with the Baltick Sea and the Gulph of Finland to the North. Sarnagans Sarnagan Sargans Serlandt a Town and County in Switzerland subject to the seven
Abbat a Territory which lies between the Bishoprick of Leige and the Dukedom of Limburgh and Luxemburgh Stavern Stavera a small City of Friseland under the United Provinces in Westergow upon the Zuyder Zee four German Miles from Enchusen to the North and six from Vollenhove to the South-West It is a Sea-Port Town included in the Hanse League of old the Seat of the Kings of Friseland Steenberg Stenoberga a City in the Dukedom of Brabant under the Dutch and belonging particularly to the Prince of Orange Steenwick Stenovicum a Town in Over-Yssel in the Vnited Netherlands upon the River Aa in the Borders of West Friseland seventeen Miles from Zwol to the North and seven from the Zuyder Zee to the East Taken by Alexander Farnese Duke of Parma by Scalade and by the French in 1672 but deserted soon after Stegeborg Stegeburgum a small City in the Province of Ostrogothia with a Port or Harbour on the Baltick Sea under the King of Sweden sixteen Miles from Norcoping to the East Stella a Mountain in Galatia in the Lesser Asia near the City of Ancyra called by the Turks Almadag This is very remarkable for the Defeat of two great Princes in their times Mithridates who was here overthrown by Pompey the Great sixty three years before the Birth of our Saviour and Bajazet I. Emperor of the Turks here beaten and taken with his Son Musa by Tamerlane the Great in 1397. Which Victory if it had been followed by a vigorous Attack from all the Christian Princes united might by the Blessing of God have put an end to the Ottoman Family then Stenay Stenaeum Stenacum a strong City in the Dukedom of Lorain sometimes called Stathenay It lies in the Dukedom of Bar upon the Maes seven Leagues from Verdun to the North and six from Sedan to the South Taken by the French in 1654 and kept by them ever since now annexed to Champagne Sterling Sterling a Town and County in Scotland sometimes called Striveling on the North it has Mentith and Fife on the South the Cluyd on the East Lothian and on the West Lenox It takes its Name from Sterling a Town upon Dunbritoun Fryth This Town was so strong that the Victorious English durst not attempt it after their Victory at Dunbar But it was taken afterwards by General Monk in 1654. Stetin Stetinum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Pomerania in Germany called by the Germans Szcecin It stands upon the Oder over which it has a Bridge and is divided by it into two equal parts eight Miles from the Baltick Sea to the South four from the Confines of Brandenburgh and forty four from Dantzick to the South-West This City grew up after the Ruin of Vineta in the Isle of Vsedom ten Miles more to the North-West from a small Village to that greatness it now enjoys by becoming the Seat of the Dukes of Pomerania who lived here many Ages in a Castle of an elegant and noble Structure Otho the Father of Barnimius I. Founder of the Line of Stetin removed hither in 1345. This Family continued the Possession of it till 1630 when Gustavus Adolphus coming before it with an Army obtained an admission partly by force and partly by the terror of his Arms Bogislaus the last of that Line dying soon after The Right of the Succession undoubtedly belonged to the Duke of Brandenburgh but the Swedes being in Possession got their Right confirmed by the Treaty of Munster and kept this City till the year 1677. When the Duke of Brandenburgh coming before it with a powerful Army after a tedious Siege took it In 1679 by the Treaty of S. Germaine it was restored to the Swedes who are still in Possession of this very strong place See Pomerania It had been before attempted by the Imperial and Brandenburgh Forces united in 1659 and baffled the designs of those great Princes Olearius Long. 38. 45. Lat. 53. 27. Stevenedge a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Broadwater Steyning or Stening a Market Town and Borough in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape Having the privilege of the Election of two Parliament Men. Steyr Asturis a City of Austria four Miles from Lintz to the South Stift Ditio a word in the German Tongue which signifies a Dominion Country or Territory and frequently joyned with the Names of places as Stift von Luick the Dominion of Liege Stiria a Province of Germany stiled by the Inhabitants die Steyer or Steyer-marck which was a part of the Old Noricum or Vpper Pannonia towards the Muer and the Drave It is bounded on the East by Hungary on the North by Austria on the West by the Diocese of Saltzburgh and Carinthia and on the South by Carniola The Capital of it is Gratz the other Cities Cilley Kermend Marcpurg Petaw Pruckam Muer and Rakelspurg Canisa belongs also to this Province and reckoned to the Lower Hungary The Quadi were the old Inhabitants of this Country who being driven out by the Romans the Country was called Valeria in Honor of a Daughter of Dioclesian so called It was at first a Marquisate and by Frederick Barbarossa the Emperor changed into a Dukedom In length one hundred and ten Miles in breadth sixty for the most part barren being covered with the Spurs and Branches of the Alpes and rich in nothing but Minerals Ottacar the last Duke of this Province sold it to Leopold the Fifth Archduke of Austria who bought it with a part of that vast Ransom he extorted from Richard I. King of England about the year 1193. Tho it has been since granted to some younger Brothers of that Family yet it is now returned to the Emperor and not likely to be any more dismembred from the rest of the Hereditary Countries As to the Fertility of it Hoffman differs from Dr. Heylin who saith in Iron Mines it excels all the European Countries and wants nothing that is useful it abounding with Wine Corn Cattle and Salt Stirone Sisterio a small River of Lombardy in the Dukedom of Parma which watering Burgo di S. Domino falls into the Taro four Miles above its fall into the Po. Stives Thebae a City once of great Renown but now a poor Village in Greece fifty Miles from Athens to the North Sophianus calls it Thiva The Turks abandoned it after the taking of Athens to collect their Strength into one Body at Negropont Whereupon General Morosini in 1687 possessed himself of it But finding it of little use to keep he razed the Fortifications which were in great part ruined before and abandoned it also See Thebae Stocksbridge a Market Town and Borough in the County of Southampton and the Hundred of Kingombom upon the River Test Represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons Stockholm Holmia is a very great City and the Capital of the Kingdom of Sweden standing in the Province of Vpland in the Borders of Sudermania Heretofore a place of small consideration but having for the two last
in Limosin and watering Limoges entereth La Marche passeth into Poictou and three Leagues above Saumur to the East falls into the Loyre Vieste Viesta Apeneste a City in the Capitanato a Province of the Kingdom of Naples which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Manfredonia and stands at the foot of Mount Gargani upon the Adriatick Sea 25 Miles from Manfredonia to the South-East Built out of the Ruins of Marinum an antient Roman City which was honoured with a Bishops See and mentioned by Pliny Vietri a Town and Dutchy in the Kingdom of Naples near Salerno Vigazolo Vigisole Togisonus a Lake in the Territory of Padoua in Lombardy Vigenne Vincenna a River of Burgundy Vigevano Viglebanum Vergeminum a small City with a strong Castle in the Dukedom of Milan in 1530. made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan from which it stands 20 Miles to the West and 12 from Novara upon the River Tecino There is a small County belonging to it of the same name Vignori Vangionis Rivus a Town in Champagne Vihitz Vihitza a City of Croatia also called Bigion upon a small Lake made by the River Wana 45 Miles from Segna or Zeng to the East and from Zara ro the North formerly the Capital of Croatia and a Hanse Town Uikesland a Tract in Esthonia in Livonia between Reval and Pernaw upon the Baltick Sea under the Swedes Uilaine Vindana Herius Vicennonia Vidana a River of Bretagne in France which watering Rennes the Capital of that Province falls into the British Sea between Nantes and Vannes Uilla de Chiesa Villa Ecclesiae a City on the South side of the Island of Sardinia which is a Bishops See ever since the year 1513. but little and not much inhabited Uilach Cacorum Villachum a City of the Vpper Carinthia upon the Drave where it receives the Geyla in the Dominions of the Bishop of Bamberg eighteen Miles from Clagonfurt to the West and forty six from Vdine to the North. Uilla Franca a Town in Piedmont in the County of Nizza with a large Port on the Mediterranean Sea Built in 1295. by Charles II. King of Naples five Miles from Nizza to the West and from Monaco to the same Near this place the French defeated Prosper Colonna in 1516. Uille Franche de Conflent Villa Franca Consluentum a City of Rousillon in the Mountains upon the River Thetis at the soot of the Pyren ten Leagues from Perpignan to the West Uille Franche de Rovergue a great City of Aquitain in the Province of Rovergue upon the River Veronium eight Leagues from Rhodes to the West and from Caors to the East § There is another Town of this name in the Territory of Beaujolois Uillemur a Town in Languedoc Uillena Bigerra once a City of the Bastitana's mentioned by Livy Ptolemy and some others Now a Town in the Kingdom of Murcia in the Borders of Valencia twelve Leagues from Murcia to the North. As appears by several ancient Inscriptions there found Uilne Vilna a City in the Kingdom of Poland called by the Inhabitants Wilenski by the Poles Wylna by the Germans Wilde and Wildaw by the French Vilne and Vilna It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Gnesna and the Capital of Lithuania Built in 1305. by Gedemin Great Duke of Lithuania and since become a very great City Ill handled by the Russ in 1655. when they took it The Swedes have since regained and rebuilt it In 1579. there was an University opened here by King Stephen It stands upon a River of the same name one hundred and thirty Polish Miles from Cracow to the South-East and forty eight from Riga to the South Long. 49. 50. Lat. 55. 10. Uilss Quintanica a River of Bavaria Uimen Vinemagum Vimesium a Tract in Picardy between Normandy to the South the Mouth of the Somme to the North and the British Sea to the West Uimory a Village in the Province of Gastinois in France one League from Montargis where the Duke of Guise obtained a Victory over the Foreign Forces that came to the succor of the Huguenots in 1587. Uinay the same with Vence Uincennes a famous Palace and Castle Royal near Paris to the East surrounded with a large Park which Philip the August K. of France walled in 1183. There was a Castle standing there at that time Philip de Valois in 1327. demolish'd that old Castle and laid the foundations of a new one in the same place K. John carried on the Work and Charles V. born here in 1338 brought it to perfection In 1614. The Qu. Regent of France Maria de Medicis adorned it with a Gallery and 1660. Lewis XIV established both the Palace and Castle in their present State Three of the Kings of France have died here Lewis X. in 1316. Henry V. K. of England and by Conquest of France in 1422. Charles IX in 1574. The Chappel of the Castle received its Foundation from Charles V. in 1379. In this Chappel the body of Card. Mazarine dying here in 1661 rested till in the year 1684 it was removed to the Church of the College of his own name at Paris and his heart given to the Theatines The Castle now serves for a Prison of State and Persons of great note have often found their Tombs in it Uindish Marck Vindorum Marchia a part of the Dukedom of Carniola between Croatia to the East Czirknitzerzee to the West and the Save to the North. The principal places of which are Metling Rudelswerd and Ribnick Uinoxberg See Bergue S. Vinoch a City of Flanders Taken by the French in 1646. Retaken by the Spaniards in 1658. Uintuniglia Albintiminium Albintemelium Vintimilium a City of Liguria in the States of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Milan fifteen Miles from Nizza to the West Uipao Frigius a River of Carniola called by the Germans Wipach by the Italians Vipao It ariseth out of the Alpes in the Borders of Carniola near the Castle of Wipach and flowing through the Dukedom of Goritia between it and Gratz falls into the Isonzo Upon the Banks of this River Theodosius the Great overthrew Eugenius the Usurper in 394. Uique See Vich Uire Viria a City in the Lower Normandy of good esteem upon a River of the same name twelve Leagues from Caen to the North-West and a little more from Coutance to the East Uirginia a Country in North America Bounded on the South by Carolina on the East by the Vergivian Ocean on the North by Maryland on the West by Mountains and a vast Tract of undiscovered Lands First discovered by Sabastian Cabot a Portuguese in an English Ship in 1497. Viewed by Sir Fran. Drake called Virginia by Sir Walter Rawleigh in Honour of Qu. Elizabeth in 1584. First planted in 1607. by Sir John Popham The Air is pleasant and wholsome except in the Lowlands and Marshes Subject to violent changes especially when the North-West Winds blow which coming from Mountains always covered with Snow
same with Furnes Wernow Chalusus a City of Germany near Rostock Wersaw See Warsaw Wert the same with Donawert Werthaim a County in Franconia in Germany Wesel Aliso Vesalia a strong City in the Dukedom of Cleve and an Hanse Town which has a Castle belonging to it It stands upon the Rhine at the confluence of the Lippe twelve German Miles from Cologne North and five from Dorsten to the VVest Taken by the Hollanders from the Spaniards in 1629. From them by the French in 1672 and in the year 1674 it was left to the Duke of Brandenburg after it had been dismantled by the French Rudolphus I Emperor of Germany granted this City to Theodorick VIII Earl of Cleve Weser or the Little Weser Visurgis a small River which ariseth in the Dukedom of Limburgh in the Borders of Juliers and watering Limburgh falls into the Maes above Liege Weser Visurgis a great River of Germany which ariseth in Franconia in the Territory of Coburg near Eisfeldt and flowing through Thuringe near Smalcald receives the Ness below Eysenack and in Hess the Fuld Turning to the North between Brunswick and Westphalia it takes in the Dymel and waters Corby Hammel Minden Cities of Westphalia beneath Ferden admits the Alder and salutes Breme takes in the Wemma and the Honte and beneath Carlestadt â—â—lls into the German Ocean Wesho Vexio a City of Sweden in the Province of Smalland which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vpsal called also Vexsioe and Vexsieu Thirty five Miles from the Lake of Weter South and from the Baltick Sea West Westbury a Market Town and Corporation in Wiltshire upon the River Broke falling into the Avon the Capital of its Hundred and honoured with the Election of two Parliament Men. Westerwaldt Bacenis Buronia a part of the Hercynian Forest called also Hartzwaldt It makes the South parts of the Dukedoms of Brunswick and Thuringe in the Lower Saxony others say it lies by Schelde near Cologne Westerwick Vestrovicum a Sea-Port City in the Province of Smalland on the Baltick Sea in Sweden fifty five Miles from Calmar to the North. West Froson See Friseland Westmannia Vestmania or Westmanland a Province of Sweden between Vpland to the East Gestricia to the North Sudermannia to the South and Nericia to the West The Cities of it are Arosen and Arbosen Westminster Westmonasterium once a Suburb seated a Mile from the City of London and called Thorney now a great and populous City by its Buildings conjoined to London so that it seems to be a part of it but is indeed a distinct City having its peculiar and proper Magistrates and Privileges In the times of the Romans there stood here a Temple of Apollo which in the Reign of Antoninus Pius was subverted by an Earthquake Out of the Ruins of it Segebert King of Kent built a Church in honour of S. Peter about the year 655. About the year 701. Offa King of the East Angles inlarged this old Church which being destroyed by the Danes about the year 854 S. Dunstane Archbishop of Canterbury re-edified it about 970. Edward the Confessor in the year 1061. made great additions to this Fabrick In the year 1221. Henry III. pulled down this Saxon Building and in the same place erected that great and noble Pile now standing and put it into the hands of the Monks to which Henry VII added the Chappel called by his Name In the years 1066 and 1226. Councils were celebrated here At the Reformation instead of the Monks was placed here a Dean twelve Prebends and a Bishop which last is since suppressed In this Church is usually performed the Coronation it likewise contains the Bones of a vast number of the Kings of England and was the Mother of Westminster which from it as from a Centre has spread it self every way Especially after Westminster-Hall became the fixed place for the Courts of Justice built by William Rufus in the year 1099. Rebuilt by Richard II. as Mr. Camden observes and Whitehall the Royal Palace of our Kings about the year 1512. Westmorland Damnii Vestmaria Westmorlandia one of the Northern Counties of England took this Name from its situation and the great number of Moors in it On the North and West it is bounded by Cumberland on the South by Lancashire and on the East by Yorkshire From North to South it is thirty Miles from East to West twenty four in circumference one hundred and twelve Containing twenty six Parishes and eight Market Towns The Air is sharp and piercing healthful the Soil barren and not easily improved two ridges of high Hills crossing it as far as Cumberland Yet the Southern parts contain many fruitful Valleys Meadows Arable and Pasture Grounds The Rivers Eden Ken Lon and Eamon watering them besides two noted Lakes the Vlleswater and Windermeer the last bordering upon Cheshire the other upon Cumberland and Westmorland The ancient Inhabitants were the Brigantes who in the Saxon Heptarchy constituted a part of the great Kingdom of Northumberland The first Earl of this County was Ralph Nevil Lord of Raby E. Marshall in 1398 created Earl of Westmorland by King Richard II. This Family in six Descents continued till the year 1584. it failed in the death of Charles Nevil In 1624. this Honour was revived in Francis Fane created Earl of Westmorland and Baron of Burghersh by James I. as a descendent from the Nevils whose Posterity still enjoy it Westphalia a great Circle or Province in Germany called by the Germans die Wephalen It lies between the Lower Saxony to the East and the Low-Countries to the West bounded on the North by the German Sea on the East by the Dukedom of Breme Ferden Lunenburg and Brunswick on the West by the Vnited Netherlands on the South by the Dukedom of Guelderland the Bishoprick of Cologne VVesterwaldt and Hassia It contains the Bishopricks of Munster Paderborne and Osnaburg the Dukedoms of Cleve and Berg the Principality of Minden the Counties of Oldenburg Mark Hoye Diepholt Ravensberg Lingen Lippe Benthem and Scaumburg East Friseland and the Dukedom of Westphalia The capital City of this Circle is Munster The Dukedom of Westphalia is bounded on the North by the Bishopricks of Munster and Paderborne on the West by the County of Mark on the South by Wester-waldt and Hassia on the East by the County of Waldeck The principal places in it are Arensberg Cleve Dussel-dorp Embden Emerick Ham Lipstad Minden Munster Oldenburg Osnabruck Paderborne Soest Dortmund and Wesel Besides what is above expressed this Circle includes the Dukedoms of Juliers and Guelderland the Bishoprick of Leige and the States of Vtrecht but this last has been separated from it ever since 1548. Westram a Market Town in the County of Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent Westrick Westrych Westryck Austrasia Lotharingia taken in its largest extent contained Brabant Hainault Liege Namur Luxemburg Juliers Epfall Wasgow Imperial Flanders and Lorain And under the first Race of the Kings of France
into the Mediterranean Sea in the Kingdom of Valentia over against Yvia a small Island Xuicheu a City in the Province of Quansi in China Xuncking a City in the Province of Suchuen in China Xunte or Xuntien Xunta a City in the Province of Pekim in China Y A YAcohdal a Royal House of Pleasure belonging to the Kings of Sweden one League and a half from Stockholm in the Province of Vpland Yamato a small Province in Japan Yamaxiro Yamaium a Kingdom in Japan towards the Bay of Noaco The Capital of which is Meaco a vast City Yancheu Yancheum a City in the Province of Nankim in China Yarmouth Gariannonum a great rich and a very populous Sea-Port Town in the County of Norfolk on the Borders of Suffolk at the Mouth of the River Yare from which it hath its Name This River riseth in Norfolk near Hingham and running East watereth Norwich a little above which it takes in the Cringle and at it the Winder becoming navigable by these accessions it hasteth by Bucknam-Ferry to Burg where it takes in the Waveny another navigable River from Beccles a little above Yarmouth the Thyrn all which Rivers form here a convenient Harbour on the German Ocean This was a Roman Town Cerdick the first King of the West Saxons landed first in this place about the year 507. And not fir ding it worth his while to settle went to Sea again and founded the VVest Saxon Kingdom Between this and the Conquerours times this Town was rebuilt by the Saxons In Edward the Confessor's times it had seventy Burgesses about 1340. the Inhabitants walled it Henry II. gave it the first Charter After this they had a VVar with the Town of Lowestoft between which two there was a quarrel which has lasted to our times In the year 1652. there being a VVar with the Hollanders and the Merchants of London oppressing them in the Herring Trade they began to send Ships to Legorne in Italy and by degrees inlarged their Trade to all parts so that it became one of the best traded Towns on the East of England and the Key of this Coast But the two following Dutch VVars fell heavy on them to their great loss In the year 1684. Charles II. made this a Mayor Town not long before his death It has but one Church though a very large one founded by Herbert the first Bishop of Norwich in the Reign of VVilliam Rufus Charles II. advanced the Honour of this place when in the year 1673. he created William Paston Viscount Yarmouth and in the year 1679. Earl of Yarmouth whose Son now enjoys that Title The Corporation returns two Parliament Men. § There is another Yarmouth upon the North VVest Coast of the Islè of VVight in the Hundred of VV. Medine well built with Free Stone fortified with a Castle and VVorks The second Town of Note next to Newport in that Island Yarum a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langbarg upon the River Tees here covered with a fair Stone Bridge Yaxley a Market Town in Huntingdonshire in the Hundred of Normancross Yencheu a City in the Province of Xanton in China Yenne Etanna a Town of France upon the Rosne Yeovil a Market Town in Semersetshire in the Hundred of Stone upon a River of its own name Yer or Jerre Edera a small River of France which falls into the Seyne in la Brie Five Miles above Paris to the East Yesd Yesda a great City in the Province of Airach in the Kingdom of Persia one hundred and thirty Miles from Hispahan to the East Yglesias See Villa de Chiesa Ygnos the same with Eno. Yla See Ila Yocheu a City in the Province of Huquam in China Yonne Icauna Jauna Junna a River of France which ariseth in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Autun from the Mountains de Morvant and passing by Clamecy in Nivernois receives the Cure So passeth to Auxerre where it is first Navigable Then admitting the Serine and the Armancione it falls below Sens into the Seyne Seventeen Leagues above Paris and seven above Melun to the East York Eboracum Eburacum Brigantium the Capital City of Yorkshire and an Archbishops See in the North Riding Called by the British Caer Effroc by Ninius Caer Ebrauc by the English York Seated upon the River Ver or Vre which is since by the Saxons called Ouse from Ouseburne a small River that falls into it It is in Honour Wealth and Greatness the second City of England and the far greatest not only in that Shire but in all the North. Having thirty Parish Churches besides the Cathedral and governed by a Lord Mayor like London A pleasant well built strong and beautiful City and the most ancient Archbishops See in this Island The Vre or Ouse having with a gentle stream entered it from the North-West divides it into two unequal parts united by a Stone-Bridge The West part tho much less peopled is incompassed with a sair Wall the other which is greater more populous and close built is fortified also with strong Walls with Turrets upon them and a muddy Dike Herein William the Conqueror built a strong Castle now ruined by time on the North-East side of this part stands the Cathedral Church dedicated to S. Peter which is a stately and a venerable Fabrick This City was built by the Romans about the times of Hadrian the Emperour and had the honour of a Roman Colony bestowed on it in the Reign of Severus who died in his Palace here in the year of Christ 210. In the year 306 Flavius Valerius Constantius Surnamed Clorus the Virtuous Father of Constantine the Great ended his life in this City Constantine his Son took upon him here the Government of his Fathers share of the Empire who became afterwards the first Christian Emperour the deliverer of the Church and the Establisher and Exalter of the Cross In the times that followed though she had the Honour to be an Archbishops See and Eborius Bishop of this City in the year 313. subscribed to the Council of Arles before Restitutus Bishop of London yet the Barbarous Nations in the next Century breaking in upon the Roman Empire this City suffered from the Picts and Saxons all the miseries of VVar. So that about the year 627. when Paulinus was to Baptize Edwin King of Northumberland they were forced to build a little Oratory of VVood for that purpose all the ancient Churches being entirely ruined Hereupon that Prince began the building of the present Cathedral which was finished by his Successor Oswald From this time forward this Church and City began to revive and flourish again The Archbishops had under them not only all the North of England but all the Kingdom of Scotland till 1471 or as others 74 In 740 Egbert Archbishop of York opened here a noble Library which a contemporary Historian calls the Cabinet of all liberal Arts from whence Alcuinus the Preceptor of Charles the Great and
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
into all parts of America and most other parts of the World tho no where nam'd before the Year 1063. Robert Bishop of Constance a Seditious Man first Wall'd it in the Reign of William Rufus against that King It has a Stone Bridge with Houses built on both sides of it over the River And also a Castle in which King Stephen was kept a Prisoner some time after he had in vain besieg'd it The Bishops See was Founded by Henry VIII and made Suffragan to the Archbishop of Canterbury In the beginning of the Rebellions against Charles I. it sided with the Parliament and was on that account besieg'd by Prince Rupert July 24. 1643. who took it in two days under whom it continued till September 10. 1645. when it was surrendred to Fairfax the Parliaments General It was preserved from falling into the hands of the late Duke of Monmouth by the Vigilance of the Duke of Beaufort who was Lord Lieutenant of this City and its County Britain See England New Britain a Country in the Northern America between Hudson's Bay and New France discover'd nam'd and possess'd by the English Formerly call'd Estoiteland See Estoiteland British Sea Mare Britannicum by the French call'd la Manche is the known Sea betwixt England and France Extending according to Pomponius Mela to the Islands of Sain and Osismiens that is to the Diocese of Treguier in Bretagne Brive-la-Gaillarde Briva Curretia a Town in the Province of Limosin in France upon the River Coureze 2 or 3 Leagues from Tulles Gombaud Ballomer natural Son to Clotaire I. King of France was here Crown'd after the death of Chilperick I. Not a large Place but situated to its commendation Brixen Brixinio an Episcopal City in the County of Tirol in Germany under the Archbishop of Saltzburg Heretofore a Free Imperial City but now exempted It lies at the Foot of the Mountain Bruneck upon the River Eysach where it receives another River call'd the Riencz not far from Siben a ruin'd City out of which it sprang It lies not above 2 Miles from the Confines of the Dominions of the State of Venice and 13 from Trent In the year 1080. the Emperour Henry IV. presided over a Council here of 30 Bishops of his Party who all subscribing to his resentments of the Excommunication and Degradation pronounced against him by Pope Gregory VII deposed the said Pope elected Guibert Archbishop of Ravenna who took the Name of Clement III. to succeed him in the Chair of Rome and Voted that the Emperour should carry his Arms into Italy to put their Decrees in execution Brocalo a Kingdom of Nigritia in Africa Brockersberg a Mountain between Thuringen and Franconia Brockmerlandt a Territory in Friseland Brod a small Town in Bosnia upon the Save famous for the Victory which Prince Louis of Baden obtain'd near it over the Bassa of Bosnia Sept. 5. 1688. whereby the Turks pro illa vice lost that whole Country Broitzchia a Town in the Kingdom of Guzurate in the hither East-Indies 12 Leagues from Surate under the great Mogul Bromley a Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Ravensburn Here there is a College for 20 Clergymen's poor Widows founded by Dr. Warner The Seat of the Bishop of Rochester stands by it Bromley Abbots a Market-Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill Bromes-Grove a Market-Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the Banks of the River Salwarp Bromyard a Market-Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Brocash Bronchorst a Town in the Province of Guelderland upon the Issel very near Zutphen It gives the Title of an Earl Bronsbroo Bronsbroa a Town of the Kingdom of Sweden in the Province of Ostrogothia where the Crowns of Sweden and Denmark held a Treaty of Peace in the Year 1645. Brough a Market-Town in VVestmorland in East Ward Broughton a Market-Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Loynsdale Brouage one of the fairest and strongest Forts in all France in Xaintonge not far from Burdeaux Brower a Name given by Brower a Dutchman to the Streights discovered by him in 1643. towards the Island of Statenland in the Sea of Magellan in America Browershaven a Town and Port in the Island of Schowen in Zeland â— Leagues from Ziriczee Rich and Populous Bruca Pantagia a River of Sicily Brucomat Brucomagus a Town in Alsatia Bruges Bruga a City in Flanders call'd by the Dutch Brugg which was made a Bishops See by Paul IV. under the Archbishop of Mechlin a large beautiful well traded Town and has its name from the multitude of Bridges in it being seated on a knot of Dikes 8 Miles from Gant to the West and 3 from Ostend to the East This is under the Spaniards and is one of the best they have left being 4 Miles in Circuit wonderfully well Peopled and once exceeding rich They reckon 60 handsom Churches in it Brugneto Brunetum a City in the State of Genoua which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Genoua at the Foot of the Apennine 50 Miles from Genoua to the East of little compass thinly inhabited and ill built Bruno Prilis a Lake and small River in the Territories belonging to Siena once a Commonwealth in Italy now a part of the Dukedom of Florence 8 Miles from the City of Grosseto to the South-West Brunsberg Brunsberga is a Royal City belonging to the Kingdom of Poland in Prusia but some years since mortgag'd to the Duke of Brandenburg seated upon the great Bay call'd Frish Haff on the West side of the River Passerg 8 Miles from Margenberg to the East and the same distance from Koningsperg to the West Brunsbuttel a small Town in the Dukedom of Holstein in Germany towards the Mouth of the Elb under the King of Denmark 2 or 3 Leagues from Glukstat Brunswick Brunopolis Brunonis Vicus is a City and Dukedom in Germany the Dukedom is a part of the Dukedom of Saxony bounded on the East with the Earldom of Mansfield on the West with Westphalia on the North with Lunenburgh and on the South with Hassia This Dukedom takes its name from Brunswick the principal City in it which lies upon the River Onacra and was a Free Imperial City or Hanse Town the Metropolis of the antient Saxony a rich strong populous City or rather five Cities under one Law and within one Wall which is 8 English Miles in compass built by Bruno Duke of Saxony in 861. and from him it had its name It fell into the hands of the Duke in 1671. and is now under their Dominion it has a Castle lately built and well fortified since which time it is much decay'd This City embrac'd the Reformation in 1522. and Professeth the Augustan Confession as all the rest of that Dukedom doth It lies 20 Miles from Hamburg to the North upon the River Oker Brussel Bruxella the chief City and Seat of the antient Dukes of Brabant and after that of the Dukes of Burgundy as it is at this day the
it standing in the Confines of these two Countries or Kingdoms and sometimes ascribed to the one sometimes to the other It lies thirty Miles from Philippos to the East and seventy five from Thessalonica to the East Now under Bondage to the Turks Long. 50. 00. Lat. 41. 30. Emeley Auna Emelia a small City in the County of Tipperary in the Province of Mounster in Ireland in the Confines of the County of Limerick upon the River Eslason which falls into the River More or Broadwater Heretofore great populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Cashel in the same County This City lies twenty four Miles from Limerick to the East Emenia an ancient Name of Thessalia Emilia a Province of the antient Italy lying along the Emiliana via which denominated it from Ariminum to Placentia and comprehending a part of the present Estates of the Pope the Dukes of Parma Modena Mantoua and Mirandola Call'd also Flaminia Emmaus a Village in the Tribe of Juda in Palestine distant from Jerusalem about sixty Furlongs Luc. 24. 13. At which our Saviour after his Resurrection discovered his Person to two of his Disciples by sitting down to eat with them and then vanished out of their Sight It is mentioned by Pliny upon the Account of some remarkable Fountains there The Devotion of Christians had advanced it to the Dignity of an Episcopal See and built it a Monastery before the Turks converted it into a Village again much more desolate than before inhabited by the Arabians only Emmen Amma a River of Switzerland deriving its beginning from the Valley of Lemmethal and after the reception of some Rivulets falling into the Aar below Soleurre Emmerick or Embrick Embrica Emmerica a large fair and rich Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Eastern Banks of the Rhine betwixt Cleves and the Fort of Skein adorned with a Collegiate Church ever since the year 700. It is in the Possession of the Duke of Brandenburgh The Hollanders took it from the Spaniards in the year 1600. The French from the Hollanders in 1672. who the year after put it into the Duke of Brandenburgh's Hands Empurias Emporiae Castrum Aragonense Tibulae a strong City in the Western Quarter of the Island of Sardinia upon the River Termo or Termi or Aragonese with a good Port and a Cittadel and a Bishop's See in Conjunction with that of Terra Nova in the same Island It is more vulgarly now called Castel Aragonese because it was the first Town the Spaniards of Aragon possessed themselves of after the grant of Sardinia by Pope Boniface VIII to James II. King of Aragon about the Year 1296. Ems Eems Amasius Amisius Amasia Amasis a River of Germany which riseth in the Diocese of Paderborne near Wrle in a very deep Valley from a slow but plentiful Spring two Miles and an half from Paderborne to the North then running Westward and taking in the VVrle the Dalke and the Luter three small Rivers it entereth the Bishoprick of Munster having first passed by Retburgh the Capital of a small Country and watereth VVidenbrug or VVarendorp and receives the Hessel from Ravensberg on the South so passing Eme and Tillegt it receives from the North the VVerse and a little lower the Aa which watereth the City of Munster then turning North it passeth the Rhine and takes in another Aa on the East so by Linge he proceeds to Meppen where it admits the Hase a considerable River on the East too then passing by Landegge on the West and Nienhus on the East it entereth East-Friesland at the Fort of Oort takes in Soste from the East and by Oldersum and Nendorp passeth by Emden which takes its present as well as ancient Name from it and the Bay of Dullart into the German Ocean Enchuysen Enckuysen Ancusanum Enchusa is a small City belonging to the Vnited Provinces in Holland in that Part called West-Friesland which has a large and safe Haven upon the Zuyder Sea and affords excellent Pilots not above three Miles from Horn to the East and eight from Amsterdam to the North It stands on the Western shoar at the Entrance of the Zuyder Zee and was one of the first Towns that revolted and turned out the Spaniards in 1572. It had been burnt in 1279. But rebuilt and qualified with the Privileges of a City by VVilliam Earl of Holland in 1355. Encre Incra a River in Picardy in France with a Fort of the same Name upon it which falls into the Some at Corvie Enderen See Adrianople Endromit Adramyttium a City of the Lesser Asia in Phrygia and a Sea-Port upon the Archipelago over against the Island of Metellino Mitilene called by Europeans Andramiti by the Turks Edromit as Leunclavius affirms and by others S. Dimitri It is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus and I suppose is that which is called Landimetri in the later Maps seventeen German Miles North of Smyrna The Bay is called by the same Name and sometimes extended to all the Sea between this Town and the Island of Metellino sometimes contracted to that only which entereth the Shoars of Asia Hofman confirms my Conjecture and shews that this City has a Phoenician Name from Bochart it stands in a rich and fruitful Soil mentioned by Livy lib. 37. by Strabo lib. 13. by S. Paul Acts xxvii 2. Long. 55. 00. Lat. 40. 40. Engaddi or Engedi an ancient City of the Tribe of Judah in Palestine situated in a fruitful Soil for Wine as the Comparison intimates Cant. 1. 14. King David had an Opportunity to kill Saul in a Cavern of a Mountain near this Place Ptolemy and Stephanus mention it Engern Angria the seat of the ancient Angrivarii a Town in the Earldom of Ravensberg in the Province of Westphalia in Germany seven or eight Leagues from Munster Famous for the Tomb of Witichindus a Duke of the Saxons of high Renown in the time of Carolus M. The Elector of Cologne stiles himself Duke of this Place Engers a fair Town and Castle with a noble Bridge over the Rhine in the Archbishoprick of Trier in Germany betwixt Coblentz and Andernach Engia or Egina an Island of the Archipelago towards Europe at the Mouth of the Gulph of its own Name which was the Sinus Saronicus of the Ancients to the East of the Province of Sacania in the Morea and near Athens The Inhabitants whereof in former Ages were in a Condition to dispute with the Athenians for the Soveraignty of the Sea It is about thirty six Miles in Circuit The Capital City Engia which hath been the Seat of a Bishop under the Archbishop of Athens since Christianity but now no more than a Village and the whole Island unprovided of a good Port. In 1537. the Turkish Admiral Barberousse took this Island from the Venetians who retaking it in 1654. ruined all its Fortifications and abandoned it to the Plunder of their Soldiers The Relicts of two Famous Temples the one dedicated to
Jupiter the other to Venus heretofore are yet visible upon it England Anglia called by the French Angleterre by the Italians Inghilterra by the Germans Engel-landt by the Spaniards Inglaterra is the greatest the most Southern and the best Part of the Island of Great Britain called heretofore Albion Britannica and Britannia Which noble Island is divided into three Parts England Wales and Scotland England has Scotland on the North the Irish Sea in part and Wales in part and then the Irish Sea again on the West the British Sea on the South and the German Sea on the East Between 17. and 22. Deg. of Long. between 50. and 57. of N. Lat. It lies together with Wales in the Form of a great Triangle whereof the Southern Shoar is the Base and Berwick the opposite Angle from whence to the Lands End it is accounted three hundred eighty six Miles Long and two hundred seventy nine Broad containing in that Compass about thirty Millions of Acres of Land It was divided by the Romans into five Parts by the Saxons into seven Kingdoms and now into forty one Shires or Counties In which the Parishes amount to about ten thousand The Air is very Temperate both in Winter and Summer being warmed in the one and cooled in the other by the Sea-Vapors the Soil for the most part very fruitful watered with three hundred twenty five Rivers The Inhabitants Valiant and Industrious And as Nature has given it whatever is absolutely necessary to the Life of Man so the Natives by their Trade and Commerce bring in from abroad what may be had throughout the World for Convenience Delight Magnificence and Ornament It has also the best Government and the best constituted Religion of any Nation in the World and as much Learning Civility Arts and Trade as any other Our Fleets excel at Sea our Foot at Land those of all other Nations In short we want nothing to make us happy but Gratitude to God and Union amongst our selves This Island became first known to the Romans about fifty years before the Birth of Christ Julius Caesar entered it with a Fleet in the Year of the World 3895. and renewed his Attempt the year following but the Civil Wars breaking out between him and Pomper the Romans made little Progress here though they kept their Ground till the Reign of Claudius who entered Britain in Person and staying not long his General Aulus Plautius carried on the War so that he took in the greatest part of this Island now called England and under him Vespasian learned the Art of War Didius Avitus succeeded as General and Nero as Emperor under whom the Romans were in great Danger of an utter Extirpation from the Britains But this Storm blowing over they conquered all they cared for as far the Fyrths of Galloway and Edinburgh in Scotland only their ordinary and standing Bounds were between Newcastle and Carlisle They continued their Possession till the year of Christ 433. and then withdrew to desend their nearer Dominions on the Continent against the prevailing barbarous Northern Nations In 449. the Saxons were called in to help the Britains against the Picts those Nations that had never been subject to the Romans in the North of Britain In 455. Hengist their General set up the Kingdom of Kent and began the Conquest of the British By the year 819. the Heptarchy or seven Kingdoms of the Saxons united in one under Egbert King of the West-Saxons which Union received its utmost Perfection under Alfrid about 873. The Danes who had given Occasion to this Union pursuing their Depredations at last conquered the Saxons in 1018. and set up Sweno a Prince of their own In 1042. Edward the Confessor restored the Saxon Line which was broken by William the Conqueror in 1066. But the Blood was again restored by Henry II. in 1155. Edward I. united Wales in 1246. K. Henry II. began and K. John finished the Conquest of Ireland about the Year 1184. in the Reign of Richard I. his Brother In the year 1602. James I. K. of Scotland succeeding Qu Elizabeth of Blessed Memory united Scotland to England And the great Rebellion in 1640. ended in 1660. by the Restitution of Charles the Merciful and Just Yet the Miseries that brought it in the Calamities that attended it and the Judgments that have followed it may be eternal Monitors to English Men to be Loyal to the King and stedfast to the Church Engur Astelfus a River of Asia which springeth from Mount Caucasus and watering Mengrelia falls into the Euxine or Black Sea between Charus and Hippus Twenty Miles North of Chobus another River of the same Country Engury Ancyra a City of Galatia in the Lesser Asia upon the River Parthenius now Sangari which falls into the Black Sea at Cangary This was the Metropolis of Galatia yet seated in the Confines of Paphlagonia on an advanced Ground And made Famous by a Council here held in 314. and another in 357. Called by the Turks Enguri Engouri Angouri or Anguri fifty Miles to the East from Scutari and sixty from Smyrna to the N. East It is now considerable and the Capital of one of the Turkish Provinces in Asia Mithridates the Famous King of Pontus was overthrown by Pompey near this City-Bajazet the Turk in the year 1403. was in the same Place taken Prisoner by Tamerlane the Scythian Conqueror Long. 62. 10. Lat. 42. 30. Enham Aenhamum a Town in the County of Southampton in the Hundred of Andover Of Note for a Council here congregated of the Bishops of both the Provinces in the Year 1009. under the Reign of King Ethelred Enkoping Enecopia a Town in the Province of Vplandia in the Kingdom of Sweden near the Lake Meler five or six Leagues from Vpsal Enna an ancient City standing heretofore in the Center of the Island of Sicily and Famous both for a Temple dedicated to the Goddess Ceres Ennea and for the excellentest Springs in all the Island which are applauded by Cicero and Diodorus The Bellum Servile of Sicily was raised by Syrus Ennus of this Place and ended with the Reduction of this Place also under the Conduct of Pimperna Eno Aenos a City of Thrace called by the Turks Ygnos by the Greeks Eno. It stands on the Archipelago at the Mouth of the River Hebrus now Mariza which runs a little South of Adrianople and here falls into the Sea over against the Isle of Samandrachi forty Miles from the new Dardanels to the North and sixty five English Miles from Adrianople South Is now a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople Enrichemont See Boisbelle Ens Claudivium Claudionum Anisus is both a River and a City of Austria the River riseth in the Bishoprick of Saluburgh near Rachstad and running North-East as far as Newmarckt it takes in that of Celstal North-West it meets the Steyr at Steyr Castle and there it turns to the North and washeth the East Side of the City of Ens half a German