the Kings sight now refused the delivery of the City without his Majesties Command so that after a Noble Treatment given the Commissioners they for the present ceased any further Transaction and shipped away the said Forces under Colonel Monck for Belfast in the North of Ireland where they did very good service against Oneal and his fellow-Rebels The conclusion of this Peace was as ill resented by the Nuncio and all the said Popish party as it was by the Parliament For the Catholick Armies having lately had several great successes and neither of the two other Kingdoms then in a condition to relieve that of Ireland thought upon nothing less than a shaking off the English yoak which so often in former ages they had attempted but never had the like probabilities as now the Clergy therefore who were generally addicted to the Spaniard under whose protection they would render themselves and the Nation thundered out Excommunication against any that should acquiesce in the said Peace and Agreement and with an Army of 17000 Horse and Foot resolve notwithstanding thereof to march and besiege Dublin This result begot a division among them as by the Marquess was afore consulted but yet so great a strength remained to that party against the Peace that the said Marquess was forced to resume his former Treaty with the Parliament concerning the delivery of those places he held to their Commissioners who being sensible how difficult a work it would prove to begin a new Conquest of that people if either by force or a Treacherous Peace they should possess themselves of that little that was left to the English Protestant interest did labour with the King the Marquess and the Scots that there might be no entertainment of any Accommodation with them being ready they said to Transport over a numerous Army to râ—duce and subdue that Rebellion which they pretended had ere long been done if the King would have permitted them by a complyance with their Propositions The King indeed was loth to abandon himself and his hopes in that Kingdom with his Forces in England and Scotland at the same time sadly foreseeing how the two Houses would use their Victory and plainly seeing how his Scotch Subjects had already abused him therefore he with no little reluctancy was brought to give way to the demand concerning Ireland but there being no remedy all the assurances he had from the Marquess and the Lord Digby as well as from the transaction of the Marquess of Worcester then Earl of Glamorgan being disappointed by the Rebels falseness and Treachery who indeed thought of nothing less than Peace whereby the English Forces there could not be spared to his assistance he consented to supersede and cease all manner of Treaty with the Enemy as aforesaid which it is probable they coming to understand did therefore the rather Violate their Accord which so unwillingly they entred into as doubting of the performance of it it being wholly out of his Majesties Power and Authority Whatsoever the matter was the Lord of Ormond was at last constrained as the lesser Evil to close with the Parliament and surrender of which and the War prosecuted there by them in the next year The 13 of September the Earl of Essex the former General dyed of an Apoplexy suddenly having for a little while before retired himself to his house at Eltham not without great suspicion of poyson or some such practice For he was known to have had his judgment rectified concerning the Quarrel and to have stickled for a composure of the War in the House of Peers and his influence on the Army not yet so weakned but that he could make a party there to any design he should stand for and the Reformadoes his fast friends He was an able Souldier confest whether so much a man disputed the reproaches of his debility that way as loud and unmannerly as the praises of his Valour and conduct were justly due and renowned The Royalists derided him with the stile of his OXCELLENCY jeering him with his two unfortunate Marriages first with the Lady Francis Howard from whom he was divorced for his impotency and frigidity quoad hanc and the Daughter of Sir Amias Pawlet in Wiltshire suspected of incontinency with Mr. Vâ—edal Her he had declined himself who during the War continued at Oxford while her Husband was in the field Nor did he suffer less reproach from the Pâ—anatick Rabble who prostituted his honour at the same rate They that were once most highly in love with his person scorning and contemning him like adulterous fondness which converts into extreme hate and contempt By them whom his popularity had estranged from their first love to their Prince was he alike repudiated with publike dicteries and representations in Pictures So Transitory is Vulgar esteem grounded no other where than upon levity and desire of change the deserved fate of such Grandees who with the specious debauchery of good Commonwealths-men and Patriots corrupt the minds and alienate the affections of the Subject to dote upon the bewitches and flatteries of Liberty of which such persons are held forth by their courtesie and affability to be the main assâ—rtors so that it may be said of this Earl that he was alike served with his wives and the Commonalty saving that by the last he lost his innocency and the real honour of his house and Family But the Parliament to which the Faction very readily concurred to make reparation for those indignities done him of which they could not otherwise acquit themselves ordered his Exequies to be performed in a very solemn and magnificent manner The Independent party to colour and allay with the pomp and honour of his Funerals the envy and suspicion of his death not grudging belike to make a golden bridge for a departing Enemy as they might well reckon him to prove to their succeeding designs when his duty to his injured Prince and love to his abused deluded Country and indignation of those affronts and contumelies put upon him should raise in him a spirit as able to lay that white Devil of Reformation as he was to conjure it up in the dreadful shape of an unnatural and disloyal War Cineri Gloria sera venit Mart. He was drawn in Effigie upon a Chariot from Essex-house in the Strand to the Abby-Church at Westminster where Mr. Vines an eminent Presbyterian Preached his Funeral-Sermon upon this Text Knowest thou not that a Prince is this day fallen in Israel very learnedly and elegantly most of the Parliament-Nobility in close mourning following him on foot The Effigie was afterwards placed in the uppermost Chancel in very great state till a rude vindictive fellow laid his prophane hands upon it and so defaced it privately in the night that it was by order removed Very few condolements were made after he being like to be soon forgotten who had neither interest nor relation to his Honour remaining dying childless
hope proving more and more vain so wretchedly stupid were the Londoners they marched into Essex and by the way seized upon the Arms and Ammunition that then lay in the Earl of Warwick's House at Leez as then in open hostility against the Prince and so further into the County until at last they setled in the Town of Colchester Fairfax understanding of this Go-by and their conjunction having dispatcht away Colonel Rich and Colonel Barkstead with their Regiments to reduce and free those Castles which the Kentish-men as aforesaid had taken with all hast passed his Army over at Gravesend to make the quicker pursuit after them having underhand received recruits and supplies both of men and money from Skippon to re-inforce him who every day privately listed men for the Service At Colchester the Lord Capel with some Horse of his own raising met him and a Troop of Veterane Royalists from London who fought their way at Epping with some Army-Horse laid to obstruct all additions from the City by that Road came also entire at the same time just as the Van of Fairfax his Army was Skirmishing at the Towns-end where they so peppered the Enemy that in great confusion he ran to the Body having had an Essay what Sparks he had to deal with Sir George Lisle was made Major-General of the Essex-Forces and the rest of the Army distributed into Regiments and distinct Commands and had their posts and places assigned them The Town was inconsiderable either in it self as being intenible and undefensive nothing but a Brest-work cast up about it and as to the adjacent parts of the County to receive any provisional relief or great Force into it so that there was no hopes of setling or planting in it for in all probability it was not thought possible to hold out a Month to an end nevertheless by their industry courage vigilance and patience it held out three compleatly against a victorious Enemy recruited as aforesaid and assisted with the Forces of the Neighbouring County of Suffolk on whom deservedly the slaughter principally fell for so basely engaging against whom they had promised to joyn with these Essex-Royalists Several attempts were made by Fairfax to take the place by Force and many Sallies were in requital made by the Besieged who both in assayling and defending did great Execution From the beginning to the ending of the Siege scarce a day passed without actions from within at first to fetch in Cattel then to cut Grass which was stained all over with Blood for the Besieged would have it who had now planted some Cannons upon St. Mary's-Steeple whence they cruelly annoyed the Leaguer Insomuch that Fairfax seeing the loss of his men and the courage of the Defendants gave over his resolution of Storming proceeding with his Approaches to begirt them close and fortifying his Camp to starve them and also to fire them out which forced the Besieged to burn the Suburbs that he intended for shelter but he possest the Lord Lucas his House Sir Charles his Brother and ruined it The provision they had in the Town besides what they fought for and brought in afterwards would not suffice for above a Month and all hopes were abandoned of getting in more yet the courageous and generous sufferance of these Loyal Souldiers resolved to undergo all misery rather than yield and so free the Army to march against the Scots who were now entred England upon the same account Their main support was the sauce and relish to their meat good store of Prunes and Plums with which the Town was stored that did a little palate their Hors-flesh to them which they were forced to kill and dress for their victuals a good while before their Surrender there was also some Corn which Sir Charles charitably distributed among the Towns-folk but the Souldiers borrowed it again in their extremity in which we must leave these Noble Gentlemen and take a view of other concurrent endeavours for the King and Kingdom The Fleet which the Parliament had stollen and debauched from their Duty by their first pretences perceiving that indeed they were but such and no more repenting of their past service did to satisfie for their former offences now turn sides and rendred themselves to the Prince now made Captain-General of His Fathers Forces The Parliament had some inkling thereof and therefore had Commissioned Colonel Rainsborough a Sea-man formerly to the Command thereof whom the Loyal Mariners fairly put on Shore having posed him with this Question of engaging for their Soverain and at the same time their former Vice-Admiral Sir William Batten now Knighted by the Prince being disbanded by the Independent Rulers as more honest than they would have him brought some other Ships to His Majesties Obedience With this Naval Force the Prince departed from Holland and came into Yarmouth-Road where it was deliberated whether he should land and attempt the Relief of Colchester There were then in company with Him His Illustrious Brother the Duke of York who in April before had happily escaped from St. Iames's where heâ— was kept by the Earl of Northumberland his Guardian by the conduct of Colonel Bamfield who was employed therein by the Queen the Duke pretending to play in the dusk of the Evening was disguised in Maiden-habit and landed safely at Dort in Holland Prince Rupert the Earl of Brainford the Lords Hopton Wilmot Willougbby who had deserted the Parliament having been charged imprisoned and affronted by the Army and Culpeper and other Gentlemen but understanding that Colonel Scroop was attending thereabout they concluded it hazardous to venture the reputation of the Princes first Arms upon so well-appointed an Enemy and thereupon weighed Anchor and stood into the Downs The Navy consisted of 20 Ships of War most of the first and second Rate the other Frigats well manned and furnished which anchoring neer the Mouth of the Thames put the City into great fear no Ships possibly going in or out without the Princes permission a Hamborough-bound Ship richly laden being seized on by him In all haste thereâ—ore the Parliament order their old Admiral Robert Rich Earl of Warwick to Equip another Fleet then in the River and to set to Sea hoping by his Authority and influence to reclaim their Revolters or if not upon the coming of more Ships from Portsmouth which accordingly joyned with him to fight the Prince In pursuance of this Command Warwick appears with his Fleet about Quinborough but for all his former indearedness to the Sea-men and their affection his Masters confided in he durst not engage lest a total defection might have ensued for the Mariners were grown sensible how Trade and consequently Navigation was decayed by the long continuance of the War and had more kindness besides for Batten than they had for the Earl which the Prince was sensible of and therefore in civil terms by a Message required him to submit
likewise made and Expresses sent to the King then in Scotland to the Lord Lieutenant the Earl of Leicester and both Houses of Parliament at Westminster who readily voted a potent relief but by their debates and quarrels with the King on purpose retarded it till all was near lost in that Kingdom the envy whereof they loaded upon his Majesty than whom no Prince could ever be more affected with the sadness of such a calamity I may not omit that Owen O Conally who was sent with the express to the Parliament was rewarded by them according to the desire of the Council of Ireland with 200 l. in money and 200 l. a year pension till lands of inheritance could be setled on him The Earl of Ormond was now marched to Dublin with the title of Lieutenant-General and a Troop of 100 Curâ—asiers compleatly armed Sir Thomas Lucas and Captain Armstrong old Souldiers and Captain Yarner arrived out of England as did Col. Crawford for whom a Regiment was raised as Troops for the other 600 Foot had been also provided under the conduct of Major Roper to march as Recruits to Tredagh at the instance of the Governour and accordingly on the 27th of November they begun this short Expedition accompanied with 50 Horse of the Earl of Ormonds under Sir Patrick Weems but by ill conduct and loytering in the way and the unexpertness of those raw foot-Souldiers they were of a sudden in a mist attaqued by a body of the Rebels near Iulian Town-bridg and there being deserted by the horse most shamefully routed three of the Captains with all the English except 100 that escaped with Major Roper to Drogheda being cut off The news whereof arrived to the Governour just as he was returned from the place of his disappointed meeting with them the day before by reason of their delayed advance Proud with this success as with the taking of Mellefont-house the Mansion of the Lord Moor which had been stoutly defended they made sure of Tredagh and drew their â—orces about it whereas had they marched for Dublin where they had too many friends and whence Sir Charles Coot was marched into the County of Wicklow to repress the insolencies of the Birns and Tools towards the poor English from whom they had taken Carews fort and possessed themselves of the chief Gentlemens houses they might have carried both places At Wicklow Sir Charles executed some murderous Irish but being caâ—â—ed to Dublin he was encountred by Luke Tool and 1000 Irish whom he quickly made run into a Bog with some loss and came safe home Now the Lords and Gentry of the English Pale plainly discovered themselves and as is touched before assisted in the siege of Tredagh and thereby Lemster and Vlster became United in this Rebellion in which Munster was not engaged till December At this time also they emitted their Declaration wherein they decâ—ared for the exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion their Rights and Priviledges and the Kings Prerogative and justified their taking arms to those purposes by the example of the Scots who had obtained their demands thereby And next they presume to face Dublin theatning to encamp at Clantarfe very near the Harbour thereof which they intended to stop from receiving any succours but at the approach of Sir Charles Coot they fled thence and the Town was pillaged and some part burnt for that they had robbed a Barge and some of the goods were found in Mr. Kings house who with Luke Nettervil and others had now encamped themselves again at Swords within six miles of Dublin with 20000 men and had possessed the Castle of Artain and other places within two miles thereof At Castle-Lyons and Rath there lay 2000 more who came out of Caterlagh Kings County and Kildare under Roger Moor. This was on the East-side on the South-side lay the Birnes and the Tools who had lodged themselves in Castles near the Sea-side and some Villages at the foot of the Mountains so that their Forces now in Lemster amounted to 20000 men About this time the Naas and Kildare were taken as were Trim and Ashbey in the County of Meath by the Rebels and no better news was to be hoped for or expected besides now the market of Dublin could not be supplied the enemy every where so encompassed it Tredagh nevertheless held out gallantly till the arrival of Sir Simon Harcourt with his Regiment out of England and some supplies of money and more men and arms were daily expected which deceiving the opinion of the Rebels so disheartned them after many fruitless attemps made upon that Town that they broke up their siege and marched Northwards but in their way Sir Henry Titchburn sallied out and overtook them and gave them a defeat and pursuing his success recovered Dundalk again by storm while Sir Phelim O Neal hardly escaped over the River and fled back to Vlster where Major-General Sir George Monro who commanded the Scotch forces whose Plantations fared no better than the English when the Irish had once mastered ours lent the Parliament by agreement at Edinburgh in revenge of those spoils and massacres committed made the same bloody havock and waste and in the beginning of the next year took in and recovered sundry Towns and Castles particularly the Newry which with the like successes of Sir Simon Harcourt and Sir Charles Coot in Lemster had almost flag'd the hearts of the Irish and made them willing to a Cessation Leave we that Kingdom in a forlorn miserable bleeding condition and cast an eye homeward The King soon after his return to rest and vacate himself a little from the toil and burden of business retired to Hampton-Court whence notwithstanding the importunity of his affairs straight recalled him to his Court at White-Hall where he was sundry times tumulted by a numerous rabble out of London crying out No Bishops with other affronting language to the King himself as they passed by the Court-Gates to Westminster where Col. Lunsford then nominated to be Lieutenant of the Tower but not confided in by the Citizens no more than others appointed to that charge till Sir William Balfour had possession thereof and some other Gentlemen drew upon them and wounded some of them which so exasperated them that the next time they came down armed and in greater numbers to the terror and affrightment of the parts adjacent to the Court an ill omen or presage of those dire revolutions which followed The beginning of these uproars were like themselves at first tumultuary and consisted of the rabble onely but the kind reception they found from some Parliament-Members who tacitely encouraged their rude clamours and smiled upon their numbers moved Citizens of the best quality to joyn with those Club-men and now they began to marshal their multitudes into rank and File the eminent zealots some of them Aldermens fellows being right-hand-men or else placing themselves in the intervals like Officers and upon their return
throughout England particularly the third of this moneth Cheapside-Cross was demolished And for the better carrying on of the work of Reformation Mr. Henry Martin a Member of Parliament enters violently into the Abby-Church at Westminster defaces the Ornaments of the Church and breaking open two doors makes his way to a private place where the Crowns Scepters and other Utensils of State used by Kings on their day of Coronation were but Mr. Wheeler perswaded him to be more moderate he only secured them by sealing up the Doors After this beginning of Reformation the Parliament took the Solemn League and Covenant at Westminster It was first framed in Scotland and was generally taken by them in the Year 1639. The main drift of it was against the Episcopal Dignity and was now for the mutual indearment of the two Nations assurance being promised the Parliament from Scotland pressed upon all in England where the Parliaments power was Paramount being taken throughout London the fifth of this moneth The Earl of Essex advanceth from Reading to Tame where a general sickness seized upon the Army during their quartering there about Prince Rupert fell into part of their quarters but the Essexians taking the Alarm and drawing out the business came to a Fight in Chalgrave field where Colonel Hambden that great stickler against Shipmoney was mortally wounded It was observable that in this place the said Colonel Hambden first Listed and Trained his men in the beginning of the War The Lord Keeper Littleton having departed with the Great Seal to Oxford according to the Kings Command the Parliament voted a new Great Seal to be made To cast an eye to the affairs of the West Sir Ralph Hopton after his little victory at Liskard having made sure of the County of Cornwal and established all things to the advantage of the Kings affairs there marched into Devonshire to oppose the Earl of Stamford and Major-General Chudleigh for the Parliament with whom on Tuesday May 16 a Battel happened at Stratton in that County The Kings Forces had the disadvantage both in want of Ammunition and being necessitated to March up a steâ—p Hill open to all oppositions to come to fight being in number not above 3000 the sixth part whereof was Horse and Dragoons The Enemy were above 5000 with the same quantity of Horse but supplied that defect with the strength of the Hill on which they were fortified The Royalists attempted their ascent four several ways and were as resolutely beaten down the fight continuing from five in the morning till three in the after-noon without any certainty of event or success on either party Major General Chudleigh charged stoutly against a stand of Pikes commanded by Sir Bevil Greenvile to the disordering of his Party and the overthrowing of his Person but in time came Sir Iohn Berkley and restored the fortune of the day by taking Major-General Chudleigh Prisoner Towards the end of the day the several parties met at the top of the Hill with great shouts of joy which the routed Enemy confusedly forsook and fled There were taken seventeen hundred Prisoners all their Cannon and Ammunition being thirteen brass Pieces of Ordnance seventy barrels of Powder with a Magazine of Bisket and other provisions proportionable By this opportune Victory all that Nook of the West was reduced to the Kings entire obedience except Plymouth and for which important service the King presently honoured Sir Ralph with the Title of Baron Hopton of Stratton from the place where he atchieved his honour The Parliament had appointed first Colonel Thomas Essex then Colonel Nathaniel Fiennes to be Governour of Bristol of which in the beginning of the troubles they had possest themselves and having discovered a Plot of delivering the City to Prince Rupert who accordingly was drawn down near the place expecting the Signal which was ringing of a Bell and opening a gate surprized and secured the intelligencers viz. Mr. Robert Yeomans and Mr. George Bourcher two of the Citizens and soon after notwithstanding the King and his Generals mandates and threats of retaliation disloyally executed them in that City Iames Earl of Northampton defeats a body of Parliamentarians in Middleton Cheiny Town-field under Colonel Iohn Fiennes killed 200 took 300 more with their Arms while the rest fled to Northampton and brought them into Banbury his Garison At this time also Wardour-Castle in Wilt-shire was taken by the Parliaments Forces and not long after retaken by Sir Francis Dorrington But enough to be said of such petty places Sir William Waller was now advanced into the West with a well-furnished Army to prevent those dangers which the growing Fortunes of the Lord Hopton threatned to the Cause and the well-affected in those Counties By force partly and partly by perswasion he had screwed himself into a great many Towns chiefly Taunton and Bridge-water which he Garisoned whereupon the Lord Hâ—mpton joyning with Prince Maurice and the Marquess of Hartford advanced East-ward and at a place called Landsdown met with Sir William drawn up in a place of great advantage with Forlorns Sir Bevil Greenvil and Sir Nicolas Slanning advanced first upon them and some Horse but Sir William had so lined the Hedges and the Horse were so galled with Musquet-shot that they were forced to retreat disorderly towards the Rear of their Foot when the Cornish-men came on with resolution and beat them out of their Hedges and pursued them up an ascent where they had almost regularly fortified themselves by Hedges and laid Stone-walls From hence Waller charged with a body of Horse and again disordered them yet they rallied and received another Repulse in one of which Major Lowre that commanded part of the Horse was slain in the Head of them as also that noble person Sir Bevil Greenvil in the Head of his stand of Pikes with which he had done signal Service so oâ—ten divers Gentlemen of less note falling with him until in conclusion night drawing on nay quite spent for it was one of the clock in the morning and past before they gave over the Battel might be said or a continued Skirmish it was to be drawn betwixt them the Royalists continuing in the Field all â—ight having possession of the Field dead and of 300 Arms and nine barrels of Powder leâ—t by the Enemy which by some accident or treachery was fired and the Lord Hopton thereby hurt and endangered Here were slain besides on the Kings part Mr. Leak son to my Lord Deincourt now Earl of Scars-dale Mr. Barker Lieutenant-Colonel Wall Capt. Iames Capt. Cholwel and Mr. Bostard That which on the other side seems to say that Sir William Waller had the better of it is that within two days after he had cooped up my Lord Hopton in the Devises this again is imputed to the want of Ammunition the Royalists being forced as they were taught by
who Lorded it at a brave rate gallantly waived and declined any advantage but what was Military in the Articles and Sailed after the Prince into Scilly About this time a resolute Attempt was made upon Abingdon where Major-General Brown was Governour as before then absent in London by a strong party under the command of Sir Stephen Hawkins from Oxford The Foot had gained the Works and had entred the Town as far as the Market-place but some resistance being there made and the Horse-guard taking the Alarm by the appearance of Major Blundel who desperately charged they were by Force driven out again no Horse but onely three Gentlemen of Christ-Church Oxon clambering over to assist them the Pioneers and their instruments being so far behind in the Rear that they could not timely advance to make a breach for the Cavalry to enter and so that noble design not without suspition of treachery was frustrated Ashby de-la-zouch the maiden-Garrison that was never before Besieged during the War was now rendred by the Lord Loughborough whose Government it was upon honourable terms to the Parliament And so we have finished this unfortunate year which with its period and revolution may be said to have concluded the Government Monarchy being beaten out of the field and out of doors together the Enemies thereof having nothing more of hazard to do but to encounter its Authority at the Bar with Pleas not in Battalia with push of pike and so the main of the Interregnum between that and the Kings death was spent in contrivances designs and new models of I know not what whereof after the reduction of some other places in the beginning of the year 1646 which languished in a Consumption till May the Critical month for that disease there will be unwelcome occasion for this Chronicle next to discourse Anno Dom. 1646. DEnnington-Castle leads the dance and though it had withstood the many Sieges and attempts made by the enemy could not now resist its Fate nor the easie Summons of a Brigade of the Victor-Army but despairing of Relief and so of honourable Terms if they should stand to their usual extremity submitted But out of revenge for the slaughter and disappointment the Parliament had suffered under its walls by the resolution of the Governour he upon his return to his own house according to Articles was notwithstanding contrary thereunto sued and impleaded for several demolitions by firing of the out-houses for the strength and security of the Castle and by the neighbours for damages And to palliate this breach the better they made an Ordinance being cock-sure of a plenary Conquest That all Articles of Surrenders should insert the damages by wilful firing which as it was most unjust so was it as uncivil and base and befitting none but tumultuary head-strong and undisciplined enemies And for the fuller satisfaction of their spleen and adust choler against this Fortress they themselves not thinking of any reckoning laid the goodly Fabrick in ashes made yet more notable by its loyal ruines than it could have been if standing Then followed the Rendition of Ruthen-Castle in Wales to Colonel Mitton whither some of the residue of the divided Forces under Sir William Vaugban had betaken themselves upon less equal Conditions than the main Army offered to any place whatsoever Then was Corf-Castle in Dorsetshire taken without any offer of Terms by violence and policy mixt together and to make those Surrenders a Pair-royal Exeter was added whither Fairfax was come and on the 31 of March drew all his Army round the City within Musquet-shot having made Bridges over the River and then sent in another Summons which resolved into a Treaty Sir Iohn Berkley the Governour sent out the names of his Commissioners to treat which at first were ten but Fairfax for expedition desiring a less number eight were consented to and six of his viz. for Exeter Sir Henry Barkley Sir George Cary Colonel Ashburnham Colonel Godolphin Captain Fitz-Gerald Mr. Iohn Weare Mr. Robert Walker and Mr. Thomas Knight For the Parliaments Army Colonel Hammond Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance Colonel Sir Hardress Waller Colonel Edward Harley now a Confident shortly after a Reprobate of the Army Colonel Lambert Commissary-General Stane and Major Watson Scoutmaster-General By whom after five days debate it was agreed as followeth That the City should be rendred to General Fairfax on Monday the 13th of April with all the Stores c. The Princess Henrietta to depart any where with her Governess in England and Wales until His Majesty should give order for her disposal The Cathedral nor Churches to be defaced That the Garrison shall march out according to the most honourable custom of War and to have free quarter all the way and not to be compelled to march above ten miles a day and with their Arms to the places agreed upon for their laying them down The Composition of persons of quality shall not exceed two years purchase That all persons comprised within these Articles shall quietly and and peaceably enjoy all their goods debts and moveables during the space of four moneths next ensuing And be free-from all Oaths Covenants and Protestations and have liberty within the said time of four moneths in case they shall not make their Composition with the Parliament and shall be resolved to go beyond Sea for which they shall have Passes to dispose of their said goods debts and moveables allowed by these Articles These were the chief Articles though there were a great many more very honourable all of them as it was the humour or else policy of the Army to grant them and served as the original Draught for other places In these Articles Sir Iohn Stawel was included who for his constant avowance of those Immunities in these Articles from Oaths c. was most dishonourably and savagely used insomuch that the Faith of the Army with their disloyal and perfidious actions towards the King appeared at the same time alike villanous and tyrannical After the Articles were signed which was the ninth the General would not lose so much time as to stay till Munday the thirteenth the time of their Rendition but though the weather was unseasonable marched away to Tiverton and so to form a Siege at Barnstable which concluded upon the same Terms with Exeter and then Dunstar-Castle who embraced the same Conditions of which anon The West being cleared Pendennis-Castle onely excepted General Fairfax on the 18th of April began his march towards Oxford it being then rumoured that the King in the perplexity of his affairs would escape thence but whither it could not be so much as conjectured In his way thither saith one of their own Historians so many Complaints were made to him of outrages and barbarisms done in contravention of the Articles both of Cornwal and Exeter by the Committee-Troops forsooth that if they were particularly related would make such a
Souldiers and double Files clean through Westminster-hall up to the stairs of the House of Common and so through the Court of Requests to the Lords House the Souldiers looking scornfully upon many of these Members as they were instructed to know them that had sate in the absence of the Speakers and seated the Speakers respectively in their Chairs and was by them in return placed in a Chair of State where they gave him special thanks for his service to the Parliament and likewise appointed to signalize his desert a solemn day of Thanksgiving for the re-settlement of the Parliament their usual prophane and impious practice of mocking God to which they now added the abuse of the Creature at a Dinner provided for the Parliament and chief Officers of the Army by the City at whose costs they sâ—râ—eited while the Poor thereof starved through want of Trade which decayed sensibly in a short time no Bullion likewise being afterwards brought to the Mint Sir Thomas Fairfax was now likewise constituted Generalissimo so sudden their favour and so great their confidence of all the Forces and Forts in England to dispose of them at his pleasure and Constable of the Tower of London The Common Souldiers were likewise ordered a Months gratuity and the General remitted to his own discretion for what Guards he should please to set upon both Houses in such a servile fear were those Members that sate in the absence of the Speakers that they durst not dissent from any thing propounded by the contrary Faction The effect of this was that the Independents displaced immediately all Governours though placed by Ordinance of Parliament and put in men of their own party which they could not so currantly do before and by vertue of the same the Militia's of London Westminster and Southwark from whence was their sole danger which were all united before were now divided to make them the weaker the Lines of Communication dismantled that the Parliament and City mightly open to any sudden invasion that so they might have a perpetual and easie awe upon their Counsels and actions The Eleven Impeached Members before mentioned who had superseded themselves and were newly re-admitted the Army not being able to produce their Charge upon pretence of more weighty affairs now altogether withdrew and had Passes though some staid in London some for beyond Sea and other for their homes in the way whither one of them Mr. Nichols was seized on and basely abused by Cromwel another Sir Philip Stapleton one who had done them very good service passed over to Calice where falling sick as suspected of the Plauge he was turned out of the Town and perished in the way near to Graveling whose end was inhumanely commented on by our Mamaluke like Saints who inscribed it to the Divine Vengeance Having thus Levelled all things before them they proceed to an abrogation of all those Votes Orders and Ordinances that had passed in the absence of the said Speakers This was first carried in the Lords House without any trouble the Peers that sate there that time absenting themselves so that there was not more than seven Lords to make up their House By these an Ordinance was sent to the Commons for their concurrence to make all Acts Orders and Ordinances passed from the 26 of Iuly to the sixth of August following when the Members did return Void and Null ab initio This was five or six days severally and fully debated and as often put to the question and carried in the Negative yet the Lords still renewed the same Message to them being prompted and instigated by the Army rejecting their Votes nor would acquiesce but put them to Vote again contrary to the priviledge of the House of Commons nor could it pass for all the threats of the Sollicitour-General Saint Iohn one mancipated to the Faction nor the fury of Hazelrigg when he used these words Some Heads must fly off and he feared the Parliament of England would not save the Kingdom of England but that they must look another way for safety To which sence spoke Sir Henry Vane junior Thomas Scot Cornelius Holland Prideaux Gourdon Sir Iohn Evelin junior and Henry Mildway all Regicides and Contrivers of it until the Speaker perceiving some plain apparent enforcements must be used pulled a Letter out of his pocket from the General and General Council of the Army for that was now their stileâ— pretending he then received it which soon terrified the Members either by withdrawing themselves or sitting mute as if they had been Planet-struck into a compliance so that the next morning August the 20. in a thin House the Ordinance passed the procuring thereof being palpably and notoriously forced and Arbitrary This Letter to the Speaker was received by him over-night as was conceived with directions to conceal it if the Question had passed in the Affirmative But that not fadging it was was produced in the nick accompanied with a Remonstrance full of villanous language against those that continued sitting while the two Speakers were with the Army calling them pretended Members and taxing them in General with Treason Treachery and Breach of Trust declaring that if they shall presume to come there before they have cleared themselves that they did not give their assents to such and such Votes they should sit at their Peril and he would take them as Prisoners of War and try them at a Council of War Having thus invalidated or annihilated those Laws the Law-makers could not think to escape untouched Iudgement began with the House of Lords whose degenerate remnant upon an Impeachment carried up by Sir Iohn Evelin the younger of High Treason in the name of the Commons of England for their levying War against the King Parliament and Kingdom committed the Earls of Suffolk Lincoln and Middlesex the Lords Berkley Willoughby of Parham Hunsdon and Maynard to the Black Rod. Then divers of the House of Commons were suspended as Mr. Boynton others committed to the Tower as Recorder Glyn and Sir Iohn Maynard but the wrath of the Army â—ell principally on the Citizens the chief of whom were viz. the Lod Mayor Sir Iohn Gayre Alderman Adams Alderman Langham Alderman Bunch and Sheriff Culham with others these without any more ado than an Impeachment preferred against them by Miles Corbet one of the Regicides and Chair-man to the Close-Committee of Examinations to the House of Lords were never being called to any Bar sent Prisoners to the Tower of London where they lay a long time and could never obtain a Trial but at last sued out a precious and precarious liberty so that by this means the Spirit of Presbytery was quite daunted and the Independent Faction absolutely ruled the roast and were paramount Poyntz and Massey fled over to Holland and so escaped Having concluded this Contrast or Feud betwixt them we will see with what aspect they regard their Soveraign upon whom
be made for the freedom of such Elections 6. That the Parliament onely have Power to direct further as to Parliaments and for those two ends expressed before their Orders there to pass for Laws 7. That there be a Liberty for Entring Dissents in the House of Commons and no man further censurable for what he shall say in the House exclusion by c. from that Trust and that by the House it self 8. That the Iudicial Power in the Lords and Commons without further Appeal may be cleared The King not to be capable to forgive persons adjudged by them without their consent 9. That the Peers have no Iurisdiction against the Commons without the concurring Iudgment of the House of Commons as also may be vindicated from any other Iudgement c. than that of their equals 10. That Grand Iury-men be chosen by several parts or divisions of each County respectively not left to the discretion of any Vnder-Sheriff which Grand Iury-men at each Assize shall present the names of persons to be made Iustices of the Peace and at the Summer-Assizes the names of three out of which the King may prick one for Sheriff Secondly being another principle For the future security to Parliaments and the Militia in general in order thereunto That it be provided by Act of Parliament 1. That the power of the Militia by Land and Sea during the space of ten years shall be disposed by the Lords and Commons Assembled in Parliament or persons they shall nominate 2. That it shall not be exercised by the King nor any from him during the said space nor afterwards but by advice of the Parliament or Council of State or such Committees in the Interval 3. That the said Lords and Commons c. raise and dispose of Money for the Forces thought necessary and for payment of publike debts and uses of the Kingdom 4. That these ten years security may be the firmer It be provided That none that have been in hostility against the Parliament in the late War shall be capable of any Office or Trust for five years without consent of Parliament nor to sit as Members thereof till the second Biennial Parliament be past Thirdly For the ordering of the peace and safety of this Kingdom and Ireland 1. That there be Commissioners for the Admiralty an Admiral and Vice-Admiral now agree on with power to execute amply the said Offices and pay provided for the service 2. That there be a Lord-General for the Forces that are to be in pay 3. That there be Commissioners for the standing Militia in every County consisting of Trained Bands and Auxiliaries not in pay to discipline them 4. A Council of State to surperintend the powers given those Commissioners 5. That the said Council have the same power with the Kings Privy Council but not make War or Peace without consent of Parliament 6. That that Council consist of trusty and able persons to continue si bene se gesserint but not above seven years 7. That a sufficient Establishment be provided for the pay of the standing Forces the Establishment to continue till two months after the meeting of the first Biennial Parliament or Saint Tibs Eve Fourthly That an Act be passed for disposing the great Offices for ten years by the Lords and Commons in Parliament and by the Committees in the Intervals with submission to the approbation of the next Parliament and after that time they to name three and the King out of them to appoint one for the succession upon a vacancie Fifthly For disabling the Peers made by the King since the Great Seal was carried away May 21. 1642. to sit and Vote in Parliament Sixthly An Act to make void all the Acts Declarations c. against the Parliament and their Adherents and that the Ordinances for Indempnity be confirmed Seventhly An Act to make void all Grants passed under the said Seal since May 1642. and to confirm and make those valid that passed under the Great Seal made by Authority of Parliament Eighthly An Act for Confirmation of Treaties between England and Scotland and constituting Conservators of the Peace between them Ninthly That the Ordinance for taking away the Court of Wards and Liveries be confirmed by Act but the Kings Revenue made up another way and the Officers thereof to have reparation Tenthly An Act declaring void the Cessation of Ireland leaving that War to the prosecution of the Parliament Eleventhly An Act to take away all Coercive Power Authority and Iurisdiction of Bishops and other Ecclesiastical Officers whatsoever extending to civil Penalties upon any and to repeal all Laws whereby the Civil Magistracie hath been or is bound upon any Ecclesiastical Censure to proceed ex Oâ—â—icio unto any Civil Penalties against any persons so censured Mark here is not a word of abolishing Episcopacy or confirming the sale of their Lands in which they knew the Presbyterians were entangled but the King extreamly gratified who abominated Sacriledge and so was the likelier never to comply with the Parliament who made it one of their principal demands which Cromwel designed Twelfthly That there be a repeal of penal Acts or Clauses enjoyning the Common-Prayer and imposing Penalties for not coming to Church some provision to be made for discovering of Recusancie Thirteenthly That the taking of the Covenant be not inforced upon any c. but that all Ordinances enjoyning that be repealed Fourteenthly That the things before proposed being provided for his Majestie his Queen and Royal Issue may be restored to a condition of Safetie Honour and Freedom in this Nation without diminution to their personal Rights or further limitation to the exercise of their Power than according to the particulars aforegoing Fifteenthly For the matter of Compositions 1. That a less number out of the persons excepted in the two first qualifications not exceeding five for the English being nominated particularly by the Parliament besides the Irish Rebels may be reserved to the Iudgment of the Parliament c. And many more good morrows in favourable restrictions of the Parliament's severity to poor Cavaliers whom they reserved for their more ravenous jaws thinking by these wiles first to betray and then devour them and therefore now the Tyger is become a mediator to the Wolf to spare the innocent sheep that 's encompassed between them The rest of this batch was for particular redresses of the Law and abuses of the Lawyers concerning Imprisonments for Debts Regulating Assessements and remedies against the contentious Suits of Tythes for asserting the peoples right in Petitioning against Forrest-Lands and almost all particular grievances especially the Excise and Monopolies against Corporation-Oaths as grievous to tender Consciences being too long to enumerate The drift of all being to please all sorts of people one or other hitting the humour of every man but chiefly gratifying the Fanaticks and miserable Vulgar who were to be deluded and then used as a bridge to their own slavery
and bring in the Fleet under his Command offering him those advantages and so obligingly inviting him to such just ends and purposes that of all the unhappinesses that befel that Nobleman as there were many in his Family and Relations afterwards this his refusal made the greatest breach of his Honour as appeared to him not long after this when he was ignominiously turned out as a dangerous person by his Masters and saw his onely Brother murdered by their Hands In the mean while of Warwick's preparation the Prince that he might not seem to be unactive and to have done nothing worthy his adventure and presence landed 500 men to the Relief of Sandwich Walmer and Deal-Castles besieged as abovesaid At Deal they were first opposed and though they did as much as possible could be expected from men yet were they finally vanquished by the unerring victorious hand of the Army-Forces whereupon instantly ensued the rendition of those Castles and the Prince without any other effect than a perswasive Letter sent to the House of Lords for the obtaining of a Personal Treaty with his Father which soon after ensued set sail for Goree in Holland where he Anchored his Ships Warwick vauntingly following him and demanding the States to thrust them out to Sea according to the laws thereof but the States were civiller and wiser Prince Rupert therefore was constituted Admiral thereof whose Navigation we shall in its place duely observe To prosecute and advantage the same Royal Interest another designe was laid in Surrey where neer Kingston appeared some 500 men under the Command of the Earl of Holland with the Duke of Buckingham the Lord Francis Villiers his Brother the young Earl of Peterburgh the Lord Petre and others but they no sooner rose but Colonel Rich and Major Gibbons were upon the back of them as they Rendâ—zvouz'd between Ewel and Nonsuch-Park Sir Michael Livesy joyned also with the other Parliament-Forces and presently attaqued these upstarts who had intended for Rygate but were compelled to steer their course for Kingston in the way whither they were all along skirmished for to preserve their few Foot they had placed before they were forced to march slowly In one of those onsets the nobly-spirited Lord Francis being too far engaged by his metalsom courage was taken Prisoner and refusing Rebels quarter was basely killed by a mean and rude hand with whose fall fell the courage of all the other For Holland having gotten the Town gave the Foot opportunity to shift for themselves and posted away with his Horse to St. Neots in Huntington-shire where the next day he and his Party was surprized by Colonel Scroops Regiment of Horse Colonel Dalbeir formerly a great Parliamentarian being slain in the defence of his quarters the Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Peterborough escaped into Lincoln-shire and so beyond Sea leaving their Estates to satisfie for their offence and the Earl of Holland was sent Prisoner to Warwick-Castle where he continued till he was removed to his Tryal and his Death To sum up all the disastrous events of this Second War as it was called though the mention and hopeful concerns of Peace should orderly and of right intervâ—ne a Personal Treaty being now Voted of which presently we must look Northwards where on the 13 of Iuly the Scotch Army after tedious debates and struglings with the Kirk and Presbyterian party of that Kingdom entred England bringing with them a Declaration containing these five points 1. That the King be forthwith brought to London to Treat in Person with the two Houses of Parliament 2. That all those who had a hand in or contrived the carrying of the King away from Holdenby be condignly punished 3. That the Army be disbanded 4. That Presbytery be setled 5. That the Members of Parliament who were forcibly secluded from the Houses may be reseated The third first and last being the very sense of the Essex Surrey Kent and London Petitions Of this Army Duke Hamilton lately freed from his Imprisonment by the Kings Commitment at Pendennis-Castle was made General which when the King first understood he sadly and prophetically foretold the fatal Issue of that Expedition reckoning him as an unfortunate if not a self-ended person as his Service in Germany in supply of the King of Sweden and in favour of the Prince Elector Palatine to the Ruine of many brave English Gentlemen did evidently declare Colonel Middleton afterwards Earl of Middleton His Majesties High Commissioner of Scotland was Major-General and the Earl of Calender Lieutenant-General It consisted of 15000 Horse and Foot effective and was increased by an addition of 3000 English under Sir Marmaduke after Lord Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave antient Families in those parts who had a while before surprized Carlile and Berwick neer the same time that Major Morris surprized Pomfret-Castle which Cromwel afterwards in his Northern march visited and took the Town thereof just upon the time of the Welch Insurrection For the Honour of another brave person we may not omit Colonel Wogan then a Captain in the Parliaments Army who perceiving the wicked designes of his party deserted them and being sent to oppose did joyn with this Scotch Army before their advance into England bringing a gallant Troop along with him He afterwards did the King eminent service in Scotland and Ireland of which hereafter This entire strength wandering by the way of Westmerland and Cumberland which affords a pleasant passage wherewith the Reader may be diverted one Colonel Stuart who was in this Expedition being afterwards set on the Stool of Repentance by the Kirk with others in the same Engagement and being asked gravely and severely by the Minister whether he was not convinced that by his Malignancy he went out of the way suddenly replied Yea for we went a wrong through Westmerland c. when we should have marcht for York and so to London an ominous presage besides the unluckiness of the General of their overthrow none of their Armies thriving that came that Road. Major-General Lambert made the first opposition but was beaten by the English and forced back to Appleby and so to a further retreat Sir Marmaduke taking in some small places of strength by the way until he joyned with Cromwel now come from Wales to whom the chiefty of that service was committed his whole strength amounting to 11000 most of them Horse and Dragoons At Preston in Lancashire both Armies faced one another and some two miles thence on a Moor on the East-side of the Town engaged the brunt of the fight continued but two hours nor had it endured so long but through the valour of the English Royalists on whom the stress lay The Scots Army was so ill ordered that they came not all to the Fight nor could relieve one another so that a general Rout ensued one part flying towards Lancaster who were pursued by Col. Twisleton and
the Authority of the Court the Court craves it not of you and once more they command you to give your positive Answer Clerk do your Duty King Duty Sir The Clerk reads Charles Stuart King of England you are accused in the behalf of the Commons of England of divers high Crimes and Treasons which Charge hath been read unto you the Court now requires you to give your positive and final Answer by way of confession or denial of the Charge King Sir I say again to you So that I might give satisfaction to the people of England of the clearness of my proceedings not by way of Answer not in this way but to satisfie them that I have done nothing against that Trust that hath been committed to me I would do it but to acknowledge a new Court against their Priviledges to alter the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom Sir you must excuse me President Sir this is the third time that you have publikely disowned the Court and put an affront upon it how far you have preserv'd the Priviledges of the People your Actions have spoke it but truly Sir mens intentions ought to be known by their Actions you have written your meaning in bloody Characters throughout the whole Kingdom but Sir you understand the pleasure of the Court. Clerk Record the default and Gentlemen you that took charge of the Prisoner take him back again King I will onely say this one word to you If it were onely my own particular I would not say any more nor interrupt you President Sir you have heard the pleasure of the Court and you are notwithstanding you will not understand it to finde that you are before a Court of Iustice. Then the King went forth with his Guard and Proclamation was made that all persons who had then appeared and had further to do at the Court might depart into the Painted-Chamber to which place the Court did forthwith adjourn and intended to meet in Westminster-hall by ten of the Clock the next morning Cryer God bless the Kingdom of England His Majesties Reasons against the pretended Iurisdiction of the High Court of Iustice which he intended to have delivered in writing on Monday January 22. 1648. But was not permitted HAving already made my Protestations not onely against the illegality of this pretended Court but also that no earthly Power can justly call Me who am your King in question as a Delinquent I would not any more open my Mouth upon this occasion more than to refer my self to what I have spoken were I in this case alone concerned But the duty I owe to God in the preservation of the true Liberty of my People will not suffer me at this time to be silent For how can any free-born Subject of England call life or any thing he possesseth his own if Power without Right may daily make new and abrogate the old Fundamental Law of the Land which I now take to be the present case VVherefore when I came hither I expected that you would have endeavoured to have satisfied me concerning these grounds which hinder me to answer to your pretended Impeachment but since I see that nothing I can say will move you to it though Negatives are not so naturally proved as Affirmatives yet I will shew you the Reasons why I am confident you cannot Judge me nor indeed the meanest man in England for I will not like you without shewing a Reason seek to impose a belief upon my Subjects There is no proceeding just against any man but what is warranted either by Gods Laws or the Municipal Laws of the Country where he lives Now I am most confident this days proceeding cannot be warranted by Gods Law for on the contrary the Authority of obedience unto Kings is clealy warranted and strictly commanded both in the Old and New Testaments which if denied I am ready instantly to Prove and for the Question now in hand there it is said That where the word of a King is there is Power and who may say unto him What doest thou Eccles. 8.4 Then for the Law of this Land I am no less confident that no learned Lawyer will affirm that an Impeachment can lie against the King they all going in His Name and one of their Maximes is That the King can do no wrong Besides the Law upon which you ground your proceedings must either be Old or New if Old shew it if New tell what Authority warranted by the Fundamental Laws of the Land hath made it and when But how the House of Commons can erect a Court of Iudicature which was never one it self as is well known to all Lawyers I leave to God and the world to Iudge And it were full as strange that they should pretend to make Laws without King or Lords House to any that have heard speak of the Laws of England And admitting but not granting that the People of Englands Commission could grant your pretended Power I see nothing you can shew for that for certainly you never asked the question of the tenth man in the Kingdom and in this way you manifestly wrong even the poorest Plow-man if you demand not his free consent nor can you pretend any colour for this your pretended Commission without the Consent at least of the major part of every man in England of whatsoever quality or Condition which I am sure you never went about to seek so far are you from having it Thus you see that I speak not for my own right alone as I am your King but also for the true Liberty of all my Subjects which consists not in the power of Government but in living under such laws such a Government as may give themselves the best assurance of their lives and propriety of their goods Nor in this must or do I forget the Priviledges of both Houses of Parliament which this days proceedings do not onely violate but likewise occasion the greatest breach of their publike Faith that I believe ever was heard of with which I am far from charging the two Houses for all the pretended Crimes laid against me bear date long before this late Treaty at Newport in which I having concluded as much as in me lay and hopefully expecting the Houses agreement thereunto I was suddenly surpriz'd and hurried from thence as a Prisoner upon which account I am against my will brought hither where since I am come I cannot but to my power defend the antient Laws and Liberties of this Kingnom together with my own just Rights Then for any thing I can see the Higher House is totally excluded and for the House of Commons it is too well known that the major part of them are detained or deterred from sitting so as if I 'had no other this were sufficient Reason for me to protest against the Lawfulness of your pretended Court. Besides all this the Peace of the Kingdom is not the least of
ways remedy being constrained to humor and comply with that party as being a people so ticklish and unsteady that if disgusted might probably either side with Iones or retiring to their own Garrisons compel the Army to withdraw from Dublin by declaring themselves for the Parliament of which Grudge slightly hinted before Sir Thomas Armstronge and the Lord Moor being come in to the Lord Inchiqueen Colonel Mark Trevors that was but newly declared for the King having got notice of a choice party of O Neals sent to Dundalke to convey thence such Arms and Ammunition as Monke had undertaken to supply him withal invited the Lord Inchiqueen to intercept them who came so opportunely thither that he gained O Neals supply of Ammunition with the utter deâ—eat of his Party whereupon soon after the gaining of Drogheda which ensued immediately upon O Neales defeat Dundalke it self being summoned the Souldiers compelled Monke to a Surrender and themselves took Arms for the King Immediately after this defeat of his Party O Neale hastneth towards the Relief of Derry which was the onely Town in that Province untaken all the rest being already reduced by the Lord of Ards Sir George Monrâ— and Colonel Trevors who were now hindered onely by O Neales Army and the Siege of Derry from bringing up a considerable Body of Horse and Foot to the Leaguer of Dublin Where may be observed how great a prejudice the Faction of those men who desiring out of animosities and ends of their own to stave off O Neal and his party from the benefit of the Peace stood chaffering with him about his Command of 4000 or 6000 men and other trifles have done to the Kings service and to the whole Kingdom in depriving themselves thereby not onely of the forementioned assistance of the Scots but also of the possession of London-Derry together with so considerable an addition of Forces as O Neal could then have brought whereby not onely the whole Province of Vlster would have been secured to the King but Dublin it self either reduced or so strongly surrounded that it would have been impossible either for Iones to relieve himself or Cromwel to invade the Kingdom Which notwithstanding all these forementioned disadvantages was upon the matter even gained already and would have been entirely without any manner of question if it had fortuned that His Majesty had seasonably come thither himself in Person which by all parties was desired with infinite passion but especially by those whose prudence made them best able to Judge how effectual his presence would be not onely for the animating of his own Loyal Party but also suppressing of all Factious humours and uniting all Interests chearfully and unanimously to go on against the common Enemy which must soon have put a period to that War and made his Authority absolute in that Kingdom without dispute for as upon his arrival His Majesty should have found Munster entirely in the Irish and the Lord Inâ—hiqueens possession Vlster all reduced but the Fort of Culmore and Derry into the Hands of the Scots Connaght by the Marquess of Clanricards fortunate gaining the strong Fort of Slego with what else the Enemy had then remaining in that Province wholly cleared In Leinster nothing left for Rebellion to nestle in but Dublin and Ballisannon both which were so well attended upon that the Defendants had but little pleasure to air themselves without the circuit of their Works so by his coming he would undoubtedly have diverted Owen O Neal who would immediately have submitted unto the person of the King from relieving London-Derry and thereby have secured both that Town and Province with Dublin also as it is thought for they that had reason to know Iones's minde apprehended that his leaving the Kings party did proceed from a Pique â—â—â—her against the Lord-Lieutenant or Sir Robert Byron about a Lieutenant-Colonels place which was conferr'd over his head upon another and that then the Scene being altered in England and his old Friends out of Authority there his new terms with the Independents also yet unmade he himself would come over if the King had been there in person or if not yet his Party would have all deserted him and the work have been done one way or other that Kingdom wholly reduced without a blow all Factions as I said before extinguisht and his Majesty had had an Army of above 20000 men to have employed where he pleased After the taking in of Trim which followed soon upon the surrender of Dundalke the Lord Inchiqueen brings up his Forces now much improved in number to the Army before Dublin whereupon his Exellency leaving a part of his Army at Castleknock under the command of the Lord Dillon of Costelo a person of much Gallantry to keep them in on that side the Water removes his Camp to the other side the Town to distress the Enemy that way also Which whilst they are endeavouring to do upon intelligence that Cromwel was ready with an Army to Embark himself for Ireland and that he intended to land in Munster the Lord Inchiqueen thought if fit that he should with a good party of Horse go down into those parts to secure his Garrisons and provide for the worst His Lordship was no sooner gone but the Lord-Lieutenant designing to shut up the Enemy within his Works and quite impede as well their getting in Hay as the Grasing of their Cattel without their Line gave order to Patrick Purcell Major-General of the Irish Foot to march with a sufficient Party of men and an Engineer to Baggot-Rath there to possess himself of that place immediately and cast up such a Work as had been already designed Sir Wiliam Vaughan Commissary-General of the Horse had order likewise to draw together most part of the Troops that were on that side the Water and to keep them in a Body upon a large plowed Field looking towards the Castle of Dublin there to countenance the Foot while the Works were finishing and to secure them in case the Enemy out of the Town should attempt to interrupt them These were the Orders given but not executed for notwithstanding it did not much exceed a mile whither the Foot were to go yet through the ignorance or negligence of the Officers that were to conduct them many hours were spent ere they came at the place whither when they were come they found the Work so wretchlesly advanced by Master Welsh the Engineer and to help all themselves kept such negligent Guards that many judged it was done on purpose and that these neglects proceeded from those lurking seeds of discord between the Kings and the Nuntio's Parties For it is certain that about that time upon an apprehension that things went on too prosperously with the Lord Lieutenant there were Letters written to Owen O Neal about broaching a New War in case Dublin had been taken Whatever the grounds of these failings were the Enemy never stood to examine but
Limburgh into whose hands upon a remove they lighted This troublesome delay so displeased their Westminster-masters that on the 18 of May the Parliament recalled them which being notified to the States they seemed surprized and by consent of the Embassadors sent away an Express accompanied with Mr. Thurloe Saint Iohn's Secretary to London to desire a longer respit in hope of a satisfactory Conclusion But after a vainâ—r Expectation thereof saving this dubious insignificant Resolution as the States called it In haec verba The States General of the Netherlands having heard the report of their Commissioners having had a Conference the day before with the Lords Embassadors of the Commonwealth of England do declare That for their better satisfaction they do wholly and fully condescend and agree unto the 6 7 8 9 10 and 11 Propositions of the Lords Embassadors which were the most unconcerning and also the said States do agree unto the 1 2 3 and 5 Articles of the year 1495. Therefore the States do expect in the same manner as full and clear an Answer from the Lords Embassadors upon the 36 Articles delivered in by their Commissioners the 24 of June 1647. This indifferency being maintained and strengthned by the presence and Arguments used in a Speech made by Mr. Macdonald the Kings Agent then at that time Resident at the Hague who also printed their Articles or Propositions with his Comments on them another Months time being spent they were finally remanded and departed on the 20 of Iune re infecta to the trouble as was pretended of most of the Lords of Holland When Saint Iohn gave the States Commissioners who came to take leave of him these parting words My Lords You have an Eye upon the Event of the Affairs of the Kingdom of Scotland and therefore do refuse the Friendship we have offered now I can assure you that many in the Parliament were of opinion that we should not have come hither or any Embassadors to be sent to you before they had superated thâ—se matters between them and that King and then expected your Embassadors to us I nâ—w perceive our errour and that those Gentlemen were in the right in a short time you shall see that business ended and then you will come to us and seek what we have freely offered when it shall perplex you that you have refused our proffer And it â—ell ouâ— as he had Divined it Upon his coming home after those welcomes and thanks given him by the Parliament he omitted not to aggravate those rudenesses done him and to exasperate them against the Dutch and the angry effects of his Counsels and report soon after appeared On the 9 of April in order and designe to abolish all Badges of the Norman Tyranny as they were pleased to call it now that the English Nation had obtained their natural Freedom they resolved to Manumit the Laws and restore them to their Original Language which they did by this ensuing additional Act and forthwith all or most of the Law-books were turned into English according to the Act a little before for turning Proceedings of Law into English and the rest written afterwards in the same Tongue but so little to the benefit of the people that as Good store of Game is the Country-mans Sorrow so the multitude of Sollicitors and such like brought a great deal of trouble to the Commonwealth not to speak of more injuries by which that most honourable profession of the Law was profaned and vilified as being a discourse out of my Sphere At the same time they added a second Act explanatory of this same wonderful Liberty both which here follow Be it Enacted by this present Parliament and by the Authority thereof That the Translation into English of all Writs Process and Returns thereof and of all Patents Commissions and all Proceedings whatsoever in any Court of Iustice within this Commonwealth of England and which concerns the Law and Administration of Iustice to be made and framed into the English Tongue according to an Act entituled An Act for the turning the Books of the Law and all Proces and Proceedings in Courts of Iustice into English be and are hereby refered to the Speaker of the Parliament the Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal of England the Lord Chief Iustice of the Upper-Bench the Lord Chief Iustice of the Common-pleas and the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer for the time bâ—ing or any two or more of them and what shall be agreed by them or any two or more of them in Translating the same the Lords Commissioners shall and may affix the Great Seal thereunto in Cases where the same is to be fixed And so that no miss-Translation or Variation in Form by reason of Translation or part of Proceedings or Pleadings already begun being in Latine and part in English shall be no Errour nor void any Proceedings by reason thereof Provided That the said recited Act shall not extend to the certifying beyond the Seas any Case or Proceedings in the Court of Admiralty but that in such Cases the Commissioners and Proceedings may be certified in Latin as formerly they have been An Act for continuing the Assessment of 120000 l. per mensem for five Months from the 25 day of April 1651. for maintenance of the Armies in England Ireland and Scotland was likewise passed By our way to Scotland we must digress to a petty commotion in Wales Hawarden and Holt-Castle Seized and a Hubbub upon the Mountains which engaged Colonel Dankins to a craggy expedition Sir Thomas Middleton purged and the Coast cleared of a Presbyterian discontent upon which score the noise was raised but the story not taking Presto on all 's gone and the invisible Royalists cannot be found or sequestred for their combination in Lancashire-plot now started and hotly sented and pursued by the Grandees of the Council of State and the Blood-hounds of their High Court of Iustice again unkennelled of which more presently Blackness-Castle was now delivered to General Cromwel in Scotland on the first of April while he yet continued sick of an Ague General Dean being newly arrived with Money and supplies from England two days before and on the 11 of the same Month the Scotch Parliament sat down where they rescinded that often-mentioned Act of Classes of Delinquents whereby way was made to the restoring of the Loyal Nobility to their seats in Parliament and an Act passed from the perceipt of the dangerous consequences of the Western Remonstrance that it should be Treason to hold correspondence with or abet the Enemy Cromwel having already made another journey into those parts to carry on his business at Glascow which place had been infamed at the beginnig of the Scotch Troubles and was now by the just Judgement of God the Stage designed to act the Catastrophe and last act of three Kingdoms Ruine For I must remember the Reader that here the first Scene of our misery was laid
they might not seem what they were most sure of from the people to be wanting to themselves in this perplext and unconsulted occurrence The King departed from Sterling the last of Iuly and came into England by the way of Carlisle and upon His first footing there was Proclaimed rightful King of Great Britain and did thereupon publish his Declaration wherein He offered His free Grace and Pardon to be confirmed by an Act thereafter to all His Subjects of England of whatever Nature or Crime their Offences were excepting Cromwel Bradshaw and Cook the more immediate Murtherers of His Father and therewith prosecuted His march being Proclaimed in the same manner through all the Towns He passed The English that accompanied Him of Note were the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Cleaveland Lord Wentworth Lord Wilmot Colonel Wogan I finde him in all Services Colonel Matthew Bointon Major-General Massey and Colonel Graves Titus and Major Ashurst The King marched directly North-west to Lancashire whither Harrison with some of Lamberts men had got before Him intending to stop His further passage at Warrington to which service they had obliged and animated the new-raised Cheshire-Foot amounting to neer 3000 but both they and Harrison received a notable defeat at that place by the conduct of Colonel Massey who set them a forerunning with a greater speed than they had made hitherto to overtake the King to whom in this County came the Earl of Derby who landed at Wye-water from the Isle of Man though not with the same instantaneous or indeed any success which his great Ancestor the noble Stanly brought to His Majesties Royal Progenitor King Henry the seventh upon his like dispute for the regaining of the Crown With the Earl of Derby the King left some Forces of English under his Major-General Sir Thomas Tildesly to strengthen what Forces he brought with him and to countenance those Levies he was to make in that County where he was very well beloved both for his own and his Ancestors worth and most liberal Hospitality Massey was left here behind but presently recalled From Warrington the King passed with quick marches through part of Cheshire to Newport in Shropshire whence He sent His Invitations and Summons to Colonel Mackworth Governour of Shrewsbury and Sir Thomas Middleton Mackworth confidently refused directing his answer to the Commander in chief of the Scotch Forces not owning the King for so much as their Soveraign On the 22 of August the Van of the Kings Army entred Worcester some resistance being attempted to be made by some new-raised Forces under one Colonel Iames and by the influence of Baron Wilde but the Towns-men saved them the labour of driving them out and most joyfully welcomed these weary guests and such too as in 1645. had been extremely oppressive and intolerably burdensome at the Siege of Hereford but their gladness at the Kings presence and hope of his Restitution obliterated all other considerations and remembrances whatsoever The Mayor and his Brethren at the Kings Intrado did him the customary but most chearful Obeysances tendring Him the Keys and the Mace upon their Knees and bidding Him and His Forces welcome to this His Majesties Antient and Loyal City where the same day with great solemnity He was anew Proclaimed and the tired Souldiers most abundantly provided for being in all Scotch and English some 13000 who had marched 300 miles outright in 3 weeks In the mean time the Parliament had amassed a numerous Militia in all the Counties of England and had mustred the London-Regiments in Morefields with a full yet not quarter appearance of such as would fight for them against their Prince as they witnessed by that dumb silence which was obstinately kept upon the Reading of their Proclamation against the King and burning his Declaration at the head of every Regiment who were designed onely for the service and security of the City The Country-Troops in the mean time advanced and glad were the Members that the King stayed for them for nothing was more dreaded than His continued march to London which place would have soon ridded their fears upon an approach of the Kings Army but 30 miles further from Worcester but to prevent that as Essex did before at the beginning of the War whose first efforts took this way Cromwel by long marches through Newcastle Rippon Ferrybrigs Doncaster Mansfield and Coventry had interposed himself and joyned with his Army at Keynton where a General Council of all his Officers was held and a speedy advance to Worcester resolved on Lieutenant-General Fleetwood being dispatcht to bring up his Forces then on their way at Banbury the gross of all the Forces amounting to above 40000 effective Militia and all The King had Summoned in all the Country to his assistance and Rendezvouzed on the 26 of August upon Pitzfodder-Heath neer that City and went on with the Fortifications and rearing the Mount Of the chief of those that came in was the Lord Talbot after Earl of Shrewsbury and Colonel Howard Colonel Sir Edward Broughton and Captain Benbow and some adventurers from London who were forced to pass through the Parliaments Army nor could it be expected any could appear when such powerful Militia's were up every where so that all the new accessional strength the King received was no way considerable save for the Gallantry and Noble Loyalty of such as in these disadvantages owned His Majesties Cause and Fortunes Yet there was a Noble Person and some few of his partakers whom froward unkinde Fate had banded from one ruine to a worse and had added to that number of English at Worcester This was the truly Honourable Earl of Derby that was left behinde in Lancashire to raise that County whose Levies with that Force left him did not amount to above 1200 men though a little more time had rendred him formidable with those he was marching upon a designe to fall upon Cromwel's own Regiment quartering upon their march in Lancaster when in the nick comes Colonel Lilburn with 10 Troops of Horse sent by the General from York upon this very Service having with him two Regiments of the Cheshire-Foot and other additions of Horse The Earl was now in the midst of both these Parties and therefore resolved to fight with Lilburn finding his men couragious and desirous to engage though most Horse and in Lanes and accordingly charged them so furiously that he totally routed their first Troops and made an impression into their Body so far that they began to run while other fresh Reserves coming in they were forced to face about being annoyed with the Musquets yet did they renew the charge again and had they had but another Reserve they had in all probability won the day for it was upon a second Turn when another supply resisted the torrent of their Valour which left undeniable proofs of it self in the death of most of the Commanders of their Wounds in and
Damages this State hath sustained and been put unto by the Preparations of the said States General and their attempts this Summer the Particulars whereof shall be in due time produced 2. That upon the payment of the sum to be agreed upon as aforesaid for Charges and Damages or securing the same to the satisfaction of the Parliament there shall follow immediately thereupon a Cessation of all Acts of Hostility and the Ships and Goods taken since the Difference shall be Released 3. The two former Propositions being assented unto and put in Execution the security for the time to come which the Parliament doth expect is by both States contracting a firm Alliance and Consistency of Interest for the good of both which the Parliament of England is willing on their part by all just ways and means to endeavour And so we pass from these civil Debates to the prosecution of the War This rude accost being over by reason of the night the two Fleets parted Van Trump to the back of the Goodwyn-sand whence he sailed for Zealand and being recruited to the number of 120 sail while General Blake with 70 Men of War was gone Northwards to seize upon their Busses and Fishing-trade and to meet their East-India-men five in number coming as usually since Amboyna home that way came into the Road of the Downs again where Sir George Ayscue who arrived at Plymouth May 25 from the Barbadoes and came thither on the 6 of Iune was ordered by the Parliament to attend till a Fleet was made ready in the River of Thames to joyn with him having in the interim on the first of Iune seized on 10 sail with a Man of War of 22 Guns sent to give notice to all Merchant-men and on the 17 fourteen more some whereof were stranded with three Men of War of twenty twenty six and thirty Guns Van Trump having understood the aforesaid opportunity clapt in between the River and Sir George leaving part of his Fleet to the Westward resolving to surprize those ships coming out or to sink those under Sir George Ayscue but advice being immediately given from Dover of the posture of the Enemy the Navy within budged not and thereupon the Dutch presently addrest themselves to the other part of the designe and the opportune time of Ebb coming on the 8 of Iuly they sailed towards Sir George but the Wind failing they came to an Anchor a League off and the next Ebb against which time a Platform was cast up between Deal and Sandown-Castles and Cannon planted thereon to bear upon them as they came in and the Militia thereabouts in Arms at the shore from whence several Mariners reinforced the Fleet which consisted of no more than 15 ships as they were under sail the Wind came fully about South-west which the Dutch afterwards said was the Witch-Act Wind and blew so directly in their Teeth that they could not possibly make up to them and it being likely to continue so for it came in with a brisk gale Trump that had no longer time to stay the Fleets of Merchants for the Northern Eastern and West-India Seas waiting his return for their Convoy Northwards departed for Holland and having received the said charge of ships and order about the Fishing sailed towards the Sound whence having secured and left that part of his Fleet to their Voyage he proceeded with the rest towards the Northermost point of Scotland the Isles of Orkney where General Blake was newly in Harbour after a Squadron of his Frigats had spoiled the Herring-fishing by driving most seizing some other Busses which after the accustomed Toll of every tenth Herring as was in gross computed being paid were released with a charge of Fishing there no more without English leave and the taking of their 12 Men of War that guarded them 3 whereof were afterwards sunk They made a stout and gallant resistance and killed abundance of the English It was Trump's Resolution to have here Engaged likewise with Blake having met already with the Dutch East-India Fleet of five Sail but upon a sudden such a Storm arose that he was glad to put to Sea and there his Fleet was so scattered and dispersed that he came home but with 42 sail the rest came after much tossing to an Anchor some at Norway the rest in Scotland with two of the East-India ships which at first were given for lost with those War-ships that were missing but shortly after all except six came home in safety Trump to Scheveling and so to the Hague to give an account Blake first to the Coast of Holland with six of the Dutch Frigats he had taken and 900 Prisoners in them and thence to Yarmouth for Victual and cross again to the Enemies Coast several losses having happened to both Nations in the mean time by private Free-booters and some small Men of War taken from us While Van Trump's Fleet was now rigging and fitting out another Fleet of 50 Men of War set to Sea from Zealand to go Westward and Convoyed a Fleet of Merchant-men the same way where Sir George Aycue's station was about Plymouth at which Port two Streights-men newly arrived and five East-India ships came in soon after in safety in expectation of them They were seen first at Bright hemstead in Sussex where they chased and took some Barques and so Westward 〈◊〉 the back of the Isle of Wight advertisement whereof being given it was resolved that Sir George with his Fleet of 40 Men of War most Merchant-men except the Flag-ships should stretch over to the Coast of France to meet them Accordingly on the 16 of August between one and two of the clock in the afternoon they got sight of the Enemy who quitted their Merchant-men being 50 in number About four the fight began the English Admiral with 9 others charging through their Fleet but received most damage in the Shrouds Masts Sails and Rigging which was repaid the Dutch in their Hulls Sir George having thus passed through them got the Weather-gage and Charged them again but all his Fleet not coming up and the night already entred they parted with a drawn Battle Captain Peck the Rear-Admiral lost his Leg whereof soon after he died several Captains were wounded but no ship lost onely some shattered and torn of the Dutch not one was said to be lost though many of them shot through and through but so that they were able to proceed in their Voyage and Anchored the next day after being followed by the English at the Isle of Bassa but no further attempt was made by our Fleet by reason as 't was pretended of the danger of the French Coast from whence they returned to Plymouth sound to mend and repair their damage Whatever the matter might be Sir George was never employed more in their Service but 't was judged not any default here but the Honourable largeness of his Articles at Barbadoes were the cause thereof and
very desperate Captain Gibbons with 100 men staid in Kerry where the Irish out of fear and distrust of any preservation or favour from the English rose in Arms again there remained too the Island of Enisbuffin whose Forces had in December to the number of 500 in Boats fallen down upon the Isles of Arran Garrisoned by an English company of 150 under a Captain who upon the first Summons rendred the Fort in that Island upon leave to depart for which he was condemned to dye and the Officers under him Cashiered To recover this Isle being of consequence to the peace of the Neighbouring Country Commissary-General Reynolds was sent with a sufficient Force and likewise to reduce Enisbuffin At his approach to Arran it rendred to him upon the first Summons as before it was lost on the 15 of Ianuary where he left some ships for the better securing of it their absence being the occasion of the loss of it before and so marched to Enisbuffin but with more hast than good speed 300 of the Van of his Forces being cut off but the Island being blockt up Colonel Câ—sack the Governour accepted of the usual Articles for Transportation and Surrendered that place Never were any Christian people or Nation in such a wretched condition as those Irish who from a vain conceit of obtaining their Liberty and shaking off the English Yoâ—k by their Rebellion now found iâ— set closer and harder on suffering the very extremity of Revenge and the dregs of Rage from a merciless Conquering Enemy to whom first the crying Sin of their barbarous Massacres and then their contempt of the Kings Authority when received among them and lastly their fatal divisions among themselves caused by their Fryers and the Nuncio-party had given them over As to the Priests they were by Proclamation upon pain of Death Banished for ever out of the Kingdom as the like had been done lately before in England and many of them had already been snapt by the Irish High Court of Iustice. The Parliament were no way insensible of the Damage and disgrace they had suffered from the Dutch in the Downs and to minde them the more of it Cromwel and his Officers kept a Fast by themselves upon that occasion but added other causes viz. the delay of the new Representative according to the old strain and therefore thinking the meanness of their Pay might dishearten the Seamen from serving in the Fleet they raised their Wages from 19 to 24 shillings a month and 20 Nobles for every Gun in any ship they should take from the Enemy with other advantages as to the shares of the Prizes and the better to defray this allowance they ordered the Sale of Somerset-house Windsor-Castle Greenwich Hampton Court Vaâ—â—â— hall in Lambeth Cornbury-Park For the invitation to which purchases and all other Forfâ—iâ—â—d Lands they had abated the interest of Moneys from eight to six per cent that the advantages of laying out their Money with them might appear to the Usurer who by such Bargains could not get less than 50 l. per cent provided it would last and the Lands continue in their possession Those Houses notwithstanding escaped by the hinderance and artful delays of Oliver Cromwel who designed them for his own greatness and State in his projected Supremacy He was now debating in Council with his Bashaws about the very same matter and the Parliament fell presently upon the Bill to prevent him and his Armies desires for the same Representative and offered fair Ianuary the fifth The Danish Embassadors had in the beginning of October departed England and by the way visited Holland and continued their Journey by Land home where upon their arrival that King had declared himself for the Hollander yet the Parliament hoping to reclaim him and the want of those Merchandizes he had seized urging them to it sent Bradshaw a bold fellow like his Kinsman who preferred him to Copenhagen from Hamburgh where he resided with that City as their Agent He came to the Court before Christmas but was delayed Audience till after the Holy-daies and when he had it granted it was to so little purpose and of so great danger to him at his return he being besides affronted highly in the streets that he wisht himself quit of his Employment and at home again At his request for a Guard to convey him back and his payment of them and passing by-ways and over several Waters he at last in much fear being certainly way-laid recovered Hamburgh whence he sent the Parliament an account of his fruitless Negotiation for the goods were unladen and sold and the Merchants Books of Accompt seized and in the Kings hands desiring also the repayment of those Moneys he had disbursed for the carrying the Masters and Seamen of those ships to Lubeck and those parts being not able to stay in Denmark any longer where a Comet newly appeared the effects whereof were very visible in those calamities that presently began in this and the Swedish War in which that King was desperately Engaged The Dutch had been Commanded to Sea from Porto Longone some while before by the Spanish Governour so that the English ships were at liberty and Badiley was now at Leghorn of whom the Great Duke demanded the Phoenix to be restored to the Dutch at their instance to him as taken in his Port which being refused he commanded that those English ships that then lay within the Mole being six in number should put to Sea within ten daies the debate had lasted a good while before this resolution which the Duke said he could not in justice and by the Law of Nations deny to the Hollander the event of which we will presently relate At home the Dutch were still far perter Songs and by words and Pictures made of this English defeat the names of the ships discanted upon that were taken as ominous to us having lost the Garland c. and the like devices this the Vulgar the Great ones were consulting of sending a Fleet to seize all our America-Isles and to Lord it there as their Ships did in the Streights and de Wit was also now almost ready to put to Sea with another Fâ—eet of 40 ships and Van Trump was ordered to come away speedily with such Merchant-men as were râ—â—dy to set Sail and Anchor at the Thames mouth and block up General Blake and the Fleet that was there ready but he came too late to effect it for on the 8 of February from Quinborough the General set sail with about 60 men of War intending to joyn with 20 more from Portsmouth such a Force and of so sudden a rise that the Dutch found themselves much deceived in their designe abroad and Conclusions at home On the 11 of February the Portsmouth-Fleet the Wind blowing Eastward joyned with the General at Beechy head and thence sailed over against Portland where they lay a cross the Channel half Sea over to
to countenance these rumours Blake from Naples came into Leghorn-road and demanded 150000 l. damages for what we sustained in the Fight with Van Galen but what satisfaction he received is uncertain From whence he sailed for Algiers being met at Sea by De Wit the Dutch Vice-Admiral and saluted with extraordinary respect and civilly treated as yet by the Spaniards themselves as also at Lisbon by that King At Naples they would have invited him on shore but the wary Commander excused himself by Command from the Protector not to leave his Charge in which we shall at present leave him On the 18 of November died the unhappy Parent of this Usurper His aged Mother who lived to see her Son through such a Deluge of Blood swim to a perplexed Throne in the best share of whose greatness she was concerned as to the Princely accommodation of her maintenance in Life and burial in Death being laid in Henry the seventh's Chappel in great state On the first of December following died that most Famous and Learned Antiquary Mr. Iohn Selden a person of such worth and Use that no Learned Eye could refrain a tear upon the consideration of Death and its rude indifferencing hand which mingled the Dust of this great Restorer with the putrid Rottenness of her that was the Womb to this Destroyer In Ireland all things continued very quiet Fleetwood being sworn Lord-Deputy Steel made Lord-Chancellour of that Kingdom and Pepys Lord-Chief-Justice and Corbet Goodwyn Thomlinson and Colonel Robert Hammond of the Council by whom the Transplantation was so prosecuted that the first of March was the longest day of respit upon very severe penalties In the mean while this new Deputy and Council till the arrival of Steel diverted themselves in Progress through the Kingdom In Ianuary arrived at London an Embassador the Marquess Hugh Fiesco from the State of Genoa and was splendidly received and dismissed The effects of this Parliament-rupture encouraged two most opposite parties to conspire against the Protector the Fifth-Monarchists and Cavaliers for as to the Commonwealth having once lost their Army they were miserably inconsiderable and the Herd of the Rebellious multitude followed any thing that could continue it in what form soever A Monarchy was sought on by all hands the true Royal party for we must so distinguish it longed for their rightful Soveraign Charles the Second the Fifth-Monarchy expected King Iesus the Courtiers and those engaged by them or with them with Cromwel himself desired King Oliver and every of these manifested much impatience but none oâ— them could attain their Wishes and when Oliver might afterwards he durst not The Protector was no way ignorant of this and therefore he resolved to deal with the weakest first which yet by underminings was more dangerous than the other The Army was corrupted by that Millenary Principle and that was to be purged so that as Harrison and Rich had been laid aside and not long after committed with Carew and Courtney into several remote Castles so now General Monke had order to seize Major-General Overton and the Majors Bramston and Holms and other Officers and Cashire them after Fines and good Security for their Behaviour Overton was sent up to the Tower and his Regiment conferred on Colonel Morgan Colonel Okey's Regiment was likewise taken from him and given to the Lord Howard and so the danger from the Army was quickly supprest Cornet but since Colonel Ioyce was likewise male-content at this change and signified so much to Cromwel's Face whom he upbraided with his own service and his faithlesness but escaped any other Censure than a bidding him be gone Cromwel well knowing him to be one of those mad-men that would say or do any thing they were bid But the Royalists designe was of a more potent combination and had been truly formidable had it not by Treachery and Treason been revealed to the Protector who came by that means to know the rise progress and first appearance of those Arms against him and this was Manning's perfidy which the King too late discovered All the Gentlemen in England of that party were one way or other engaged or at least were made acquainted with it but the snatching of the principal of them up throughout the Kingdom a little before the Execution of it frustrated the most probable effects of that Rising The Lord Mayor c. of the City of London was likewise sent â—or and informed of it and the Militia established Skippon being made their Major-General there several persons under the character of dissolute persons were seized by vertue of a Proclamation to that effect as also all Horse-races were forbidden Counterplots were used and all sorts of Ammunition were sent down to several Gentlemens Houses with Letters unsubscribed and the said Gentlemen upon receipt secured and brought up Prisoners to bear company with the old standers of that party and a Ship-chandler one Frese and a Merchant or two trepan'd this way Sir Ralph Vernon of Derby-shire an old Royalist was Committed and Examined before Oliver concerning a Trunk of Pistols and who sent them Who resolutely answered His Self which so dasht him that he was without one word more dismist but not from his Imprisonment Notwithstanding all these discouragements and warnings to give over the Western Association thought themselves in Honour engaged to rise upon the day which they had agreed upon with one another in the other parts and had notified to the King who was now removed from Colen and absconded himself neer the Sea-coast upon the first success of the Affair to be ready to pass over to his Friends Accordingly on the 11 of March being Monday very early in the Morning a party of 100 under the Command of Sir Ioseph Wagstaff Colonel Penruddock and Grove entred the City of Salisbury at which time the Judges Rolls and Nichols were there in Circuit and seized all their Horses and having declared the cause of this appearance without any further injury or medling with any Money which lay in the Chambers of Serjeant Maynard and other Lawyers departed promising to return and break their Fast with the Judges Provisions which they did and encreased their number to 400 and had they returned once more the whole City had risen with them Thence they marched to Blandford where Colonel Penruddock himself Proclaimed the the King in the Market-place and so marched Westward Captain Butler with two Troops of Cromwel's Horse keeping at a distance in their Rear to give them opportunity of encreasing but by the means aforesaid very few came in which made a great many more slink away from the party when they saw no hopes of that great number promised and expected But the Noble Penruddock resolved yet to try what could be done in Devonshire and Cornwal and as to him it was all one whether he retreated or went forward for he was engaged too far already
part of the Fleet under General Pen set sail for England and neer half way home lost the Paragon a Navy-ship by fire none of that company daring to come in to her relieâ— because of her Powder so that neer 140 men were lost by fire and water those that could swim escaped being taken up by Boats after the Blow On the 3 of September General Pen arrived at Portsmouth and on the ninth Venables with his Wife very sick and much altered and Quarter-Master-General Rudyard landed at the same place in the Marston-moore Command by Rear-Admiral Blag the Fleet at Iamaica consisting of some 20 sail being left under the Command of Vice-Admiral Goodson Upon their coming to London where Venables alledged the danger and encrease of sickness for the cause of his return Pen the resolution of the Council of War they were both Committed to the Tower to satisfie the expectation of the people more than any intention of bringing Venables to an account for this base and dishonourable Expedition The Cavils at the Isle of Rhee's unfortunate business were now regested and retorted upon those Enemies and Traducers of the King whose party was very well pleased with this disgrace done to Oliver which carried with it future advantages against the Usurpation that had designed this Forrain Exchequer for the perpetual pay of his everlasting Red-coats General Blake as was said before having met with the Spanish Fleet under the Command of General Paulo di Contreras waiting for the Plate-Fleet about the Southern Cape and mutually saluted one another returned to Victual and recruit in England and landed at Chattam The Mart at Frankfort in Germany was held this September which with other affairs invited the King from Colen He went â—rom Bonne by Water being Towed in a Pleasure-boat and two other necessary Vessels for his dressing Provision and accommodation and was saluted by all the Towns neer which they passed with most ample Ceremonies and where he entred with the like presents In his Company were the Prince of Aurange and the Duke of Gloucester attended by the Marquess of Ormond Earl of Norwich Lord Newburgh Colonel Dan. O Neal Doctor Frazer the Lady Stanhop and Lord Hemfleit her Husband and other Domesticks An interview had been appointed at a Village called Koningsteyn or Kingston betwixt Queen Christina of Sweden then journeying to the Arch-Duke of Inspruck's Country for Italy where she was highly Treated by the said Arch-Duke and there professed her self a Roman-Catholick The King at this Village after the publick Ceremonies were over had private Conference with this Princess the space of an hour and then the Duke of Gloucester and Princess of Aurange did the like which passed the Noblemen and neer Attendants had reception given them The Prince Elector of Heidelburgh with Prince Rupert gave her likewise a visit in this Town and had the same converse with her Both the King and She were invited by him to Heidelburgh but they took several ways for his Majesty having continued some time at Frankfort where the States and Deputies of the Empire were assembled to finish what was left at the Diet the Kings business there depending before that Assembly and having been splendidly entertained as in all places of Germany where he came and there received an honourable pressing invitation from the Prince Elector of Mentz by his Earl-Marshal who was sent on the Embassie with a Train to conduct him from Frankfort dâ—parted thence with the noise of the Cannon and the Volleys and Acclamations of the Citizens and arrived at Mentz having been feasted at a magnificent Supper in a Village by the way whence next morning in all the State that Prince could set out or furnish his entrance with the King departed for Mentz and was there entertained two or three days with an Expence befitting his Dignity and diverted with all honourable Recreations and with the same Grandeurs departed for Colen Most abominable impudent scandals were Printed in the News-Book here of the King and the meanness of those Respects done him when it is most true greater Honours were not done to any Prince in the World so much did the injury of his Condition advance these peoples Civility While he progressed hereabouts one Dury a Minister sent by Cromwel was perambulating these parts with Credentials or Commission from him who would needs be doing in Religious Plots as well as Civil to make himself famous to discourse and Treat with all the Churches of the Reformed Perswasions Calvinists and Lutherans about an Agreement and Union and that the Doctrine might be one and the same and that his Highness desired to be Instrumental in such a Pious Work of general Communion but the main of his Mission being to set forth Oliver this Will in the Wisp vanished and returned for England whither an Embassador from Venice that had layn some while here incognito appeared in that quality in the room of Signior Pauluzzi recalled and did notably complement Cromwel with his puissance valour and prudence and offered the respects and Friendships of that Signiory And Arguile from Scotland came to kiss his Highness Hands On the 24 of October the French Peace having been some while before concluded was solemnly Proclaimed first in the Court at White-hall next at Temple-Bar and so in other places and Monsieur De Bourdeaux the French Embassador next day treated at Dinner by the Protector In this Treaty the Royal Family of England all but the Queen-Mother were totally Excluded though the Duke of York still continued at Paris till after the arrival of Lockhart Cromwel's Embassador thither soon after when he departed for Brussels having been complementally invited to the next Summers Campagnia Thus Corruptio unius est generatio alterius the Spanish Peace was all to pieces for the same day that the French Peace was Proclaimed an Embargo was laid upon all Goods in the Canaries and the Spanish Embassador Don Alonso de Cardenas departed hence and by Gravesend shipt himself for Flanders and a Trader at Vigo in Spain was taken and seized and a Declaration of War published by that King Whereupon Cromwel presently erected a Committee of Trade of which his Son and Heir apparent Richard was the first named to consult how to manage and secure it An Embargo was likewise soon after laid here upon all ships and one Mr. Maynard dispatcht to the King of Portugal to make sure of his Ports and with some other intrigues a Fleet was likewise preparing to set out to Sea and the Footing in Iamaica resolved to be kept Maj. Sedgewick and Colonel Humphries with a Squadron of ships and a Regiment to 1000 fresh men having toucht at Barbadoes being landed there now where Sedgewick sent to Command in chief with Colonel Fortescue of the old and most of the new comers died of the Infection that was among them Humphries with much ado and danger of Death returned home in safety
Nation of the Iews who had proposed a Toleration their own Judges their Burying-places the revocation of all Laws and Statutes against them protection from the fealty to him and had strengthned the reason of this with a round sum of Money Cromwel wanted not plausible Arguments of his own from the hopeful juncture of time of making the flock of Christ but one Fold and others cited places of Scripture several Conferences were held about it before him with the Judges as Steel c. and Ministers as Ienkins Manton c. who being not satisfied with what appeared from the arguments of Manasseh Ben Israel the Jewish Agent the publick admission of them was laid aside and the Iews gull'd of their Money they had upon that account already paid The Ships at Iamaica had been roving abroad and burnt St. Martha and took some spoil while Doyley the Commander in chief by Land had made some Inroads into the Country under Colonel Wood and was building or planting a new Town at Cagway-Point In Scotland new Commissioners were added for the sale of Delinquents Lands and to prevent their frauds in the purchasing thereof a New great and Privy-Seal and Signet was likewise sent down thither from England and the Protestors and Resolution-men continued at the same distance A Proclamation there to stop all Comers to that Kingdom upon pretence of Infection in Holland and of all going out without License The Earl of Glencarn upon suspition of a Plot being taken and secured by General Monke in Edenburgh-Castle In England to affront the Spanish Imbargo which now turned to seizure the price of Canary-Wines which were feared to rise by the War were now by Proclamation abated to nine pence a pint having continued at twelve some years before The Princess of Aurange departed by the way of Antwerp and Peronne in France in Ianuary to visit her Mother at Paris and the King preparing according to invitation to go into Flanders where neer Lovain in February he privately conferred with the Earl of Fuensaldagne neer Lovain the Arch-Duke of Leopold being upon his departure for Germany and Don Iohn of Austria to succeed in that Government for the King of Spain From hence his Majesty the War betwixt Spain and us being publique came to the Royal Mansion of Treveur neer Brussels in order to a nearer conjunction of Counsels and Odwyr newly returned and concealing himself in Ireland gave suspition here of some new designe upon Ireland and thereupon all Papists and Irish were again disarmed and commanded to keep at home within their Limits The King's Family yet continued at Colen but upon his remaining setling in Brugis where soon after he was received in State it removed thither also so the Spaniards embraced and shook hands with his Interest as their own affairs governed them In England many sad accidents happened together the Abbey of Spalding being let out into Chambers in one of them as the folks were prophaning by Dancing and making merry therein the Roof fell and was the Death of 23 persons Ianuary 22. Sir Thomas Ashcock cut his Throat a Paper being found in his Chamber where he had reckoned twenty several preservations before and yet God gave him up to this Temptation Mr. Skipwith a young Gentleman who had had a grudge against Sir Thomas Wortley for keeping his Sister Company met with the said Sir Thomas whereupon both drew their Pistols but Skipwith killed him dead though Wounded himself A Stationer's Servant in Fleet-street being taken in Bed with his fellow-serving-maid got an opportunity and presently Hang'd himself Mr. Chamberlain of Oxford-shire killed Colonel Granthamson at Southampton-buildings in a single Duel The most Reverend the Arch-Bishop of Armagh died March 21 a Prelate of great and incomparable Learning and Piety as his Works do sufficiently declare a person challenged as Indifferent to the Church-Government by Bishops but no doubt falsly however it gave the Protector a fine occasion of personating a love to Learning and good men in the expence of his decent and fitting Interment 200 l. being allowed thereunto out of the publick Money the best and justest of all those sums he squandered upon his dying and perishing Ambition He was not buried till the 17 of April ensuing being then brought from the Countess of Peterburgh's His great Patroness at Rygate to St. George's so to Somerset-House and thence to the Abbey at Westminster Mr. Bourdeaux Embassador returned for England and Lockhart as was said dispatcht for France The River of Thames Ebbed and Flowed twice in two hours this Year and the last twelve Years there was much alteration in them Freeman Sonds the younger Son of Sir George Sonds killed his onely Brother in Bed and was Hanged for it which sad and strange story had almost past observation Anno Dom. 1656. GEneral Blake and Montague began this year with their Fleet of War sailing for the Coast of Spain having toucht at Tangier and directed thence their course to Cadiz-bay and the removing of the English-staple at Roterdam by Proclamation to Dort and the arrival of Mr. Lockhart in France as touched before together with a rencounter at Sea of the Advice President and Drake English Frigats with the Maria of Ostend one Erasmus Bruer a Fleming Captain off the Coast of Scarborough It was stoutly managed by the Enemy from Morning till Night when being totally disabled and over-powered he yielded nothing but himself and Marriners remaining of the Conquest and not many sound ones of those for the ship sunk presently she was the Admiral of that place Worsley the Major-General died before he could be good in his Office and was buried with the Dirges of Bell Book and Candle and the Peals of Musquets in no less a repository than Henry 7th's Chappel as became a Prince of the Modern Erection and Oliver's great and rising Favourite With him went down the Wrestling in Moor-fields an exercise used time out of minde in that place before the War and now resumed again together also with pitching of the Bar and generally all pastime and sort of sports was damned and to make his Exit the more remarkable Hannam the most notorious private Thief in England to expiate his sad villany at Colen having promised Cromwel some Papers taken at that time was retaken in another Robbery in London and had his due by being hanged Forces under Colonel Brayn who was to Command in chief in Iamaica were now shipt from Port Patrick in Scotland where the Citadel of St. Iohnstones was fired and almost consumed but Provisions saved with 1000 stout Fellows but Fate so crost Oliver that no Governour of his sending and nomination survived long after their arrival and Colonel Doyley was a kinde of an old Royalist as were many or the most of the remaining Officers whom he had made it his Religion not to trust He had in England appointed at this time a Committee
the Rolls Officers Attending Henry Middleton Serjeant at Arms. Mr. Brown Mr. Dove Judges of both Benches Iohn Glyn Lord Chief-Justice Pet. Warburton Justices of the Upper-Bench Rich. Nudigate Justices of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn L. Chief-Justice Edward Atkins Justices of the Com. Bench. Matthew Hale Justices of the Com. Bench. Hugh Windham Justices of the Com. Bench. His Barons of the Exchequer Robert Nicholas Iohn Parker and Roger Hill Serjeant at Law Erasmus Earl Atturney-General Edmund Prideaux Sollicitor William Ellis Serjeants at Law called by Him to the Bar. Richard Pepys 25 Jan. 1653. Thomas Fletcher 25 Jan. 1653. Matthew Hale 25 Jan. 1653. William Steel 9 Febr. 1653. Iohn Maynard 9 Febr. 1653. Rich. Nudigate 9 Febr. 1653. Tho. Twisden 9 Febr. 1653. Hugh Windham 9 Febr. 1653. Vnton Crook 21 June 1654. Iohn Parker 21 June 1654. Roger Hill 28 June 1655. William Shepard 25 Oct. 1656. Iohn Fountain 27 Nov. 1656. Evan Sithe But to proceed after Cromwel had made that fair Speech Fiennes the Lord-Commissioner of the Seal resumed by his order the discourse which was to beg more Money for Cromwel's Heart could not stoop to such Humble Oratory declaring That the Money granted though thought sufficient fell much beneath the expence and necessity of the State especially that Tax of the new Buildings failed altogether of what was expected and intended by it and so recommended the whole affair to their consideration Being sate in the Houses as aforesaid the other House sent to the Commons by two of their number a Message for a day of Humiliation but were returned with this Answer The House would consider of it and then they fell upon a Vote for two Months time to exhibite any Petitions against undue Elections and assented to a Humiliation which was kept within the Walls of both Houses by Dr. Reynolds and Mr. Caryl Mr. Calamy and Mr. Griffith half Presbyterian half Independent as was the temper and constitution of this Assembly This past they fell a questioning the Frame of the Government which their fellow-Members had erected during their Seclusion which yet notwithstanding was carried but by two Voices in the Affirmative and in a resolution of unravelling it all again they proceeded very fiercely which being told at White-hall allarmed on the other ear with danger from abroad and that the designe had already footing in some of the adjacent Counties Cromwel dallied not with this two-handed necessity but to rid himself of the nearest first accompanied with his Guards he by Water came to the other House and sent for the tother and having ranted away a quarter of an hour out of the old Bias for now he plainly perceived the old stales would not serve and that his Life and Greatness lay at the same stake to break them up he broke forth into very rash and cholerick Language to which as a pertinent resolution corollaâ—y and period he added an adjuration to the stain of his larved sanctity in these or such Words By the Living God I must and do dissolve you As to the Royal Enterprize it was begun ever since the Investiture of Oliver who suspecting such practises had with Money debauch'd the Fidelity oâ— Sir Richard Willis and one Corker a Parson as aforesaid that now professed Physick and made always one at any Match or Horse-race whatsoever and being a noted Royalist scrued himself into all Royalists Company and Discourse The Treachery of these men was employed and now manifested in this affair and thereby Cromwel was certified that the Marquess of Ormond personally laboured in tâ—â— Intrigue and for that purpose was arrived in England to lead the Forces of the Loyal Combination which were instantly to be seconded with an Army out of Flanders Just therefore as the designe was ripe he emitted out a Proclamation of twenty miles and seized divers eminent Royalists and among them Sir Richard Willâ—s and Feak the frantick roarer of Sermons was sent to bear them company but soon after when this danger from the Kings party was more compert released The Marquess of Ormond latitating somewhere in Sussex very difficultly by the assistance of one Mr. Graves a Gentleman of that County got away in a small Boat and escaped seizure so neer was he set and the designe so particularly discovered While those were the private close Intrigues at White-hall more publique ones were agitating in the Army in the three Kingdoms from every Regiment whereof Addresses were signed and sent to the Protector wherein they glanced upon the late Parliament and offered themselves and more than they were worth to the defence of his Highness's Person and Government against the Common and Secret Enemy the like came from Mardike who joyned with some French had made an excursion towards Graveling and surprized and taken two out-Forts and so returned the same Complement came also from the County-Troops and their Officers who attended the Sheriffs and succeeded in the room of the Major-Generals now for their Exorbitances and dangerous power even to their Author and because the work for which they were called was over laid aside in place of Liveries to lessen as was pretended the charge of that place but in truth the Protector knowing he could not be served â—aithfully by the Gentry would name such no matter whom as he could confide in and the expence of retinue and treating the Judges being taken off a Yeoman or Tradesman of the well-affected might serve turn and make profit of his place as in all other Offices of the Commonwealth and in this very prick for the year coming of 58 Cromwel observed the Rule he had given which was in its place omitted The Victorious Blake returning into England from the Coast of Spain having awed all the Ports and Harbours thereof fell sick by the way of a Disease his Seafaring had brought upon him the Scurvy and Dropsie and died just as the Fleet was entring into Plymouth-Sound where he passionately enquired for the Land A man of eminent Fortitude both active and passive A master of as many Successes and Atchievements as any person except Cromwel being never Worsted but once in his whole Warfare and that was in the Downs by Van Trump and had merited exceedingly of his Country had he been as tender of its Home-bred as Forrain Honour of which he was jealously observant it serving for his argument to keep the Fleet free from any Divisions of Factions upon the news of the several changes in England He was buried with a handsome Funeral just in the same manner as General Dean was from Greenwich but especial notice was taken of Colonel Lambert's then in disgrace attendance on his Horse between whom there was it seems a more intimate correspondence He was Interred in Hen. 7th's Chappel as other of the Grandees that died in the Usurpation usually were without any other Monument than that of his Indelible Renown for pure Valour Anno Dom. 1658.
men of Saâ—y since the Truce made with him to be restor'd to their Liberty But the further issue of this Embassie is to be expected in the following Year And for this delay the Emperour excus'd himself for not engaging so great a person in a Country where he had not power to protect him Returning home we meet with no small loss in the Decease of the Duke of Albemarle after a long indisposition of Health in the sixty second year of his Age. His Garter being brought to the King was by his immediate command carried back to the Earl of Turrington then by his Father's death Duke of Albemarle with a further declaration that he should immediately also succeed in the place of Gentleman of his Bed-chamber and Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Devon and farther the King was pleas'd to send him word that as the last mark of Gratitude to the memory of the Deceased he would himself take care for the Funeral which not long after was perform'd with great Solemnity at the King 's particular charge Nor did the Dutchess his Wife stay long behinde him dying toward the latter end of the Moneth but was more privately buried in the Chappel of Henry the seventh The Republick of Venice had â—ent a very honourable Embassie into England in requital of which the Lord Falconbridge by the King's order departed in the same employment to the Venetian State being commanded in his way to visit some other Princes and States of Italy Nor must we omit the kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany who besides his civil entertainment of the Earl of Northumbâ—rland in acknowledgement of the courteous entertainment which he had received in England built and gave to the King of England two very stout Gallies for a guard of the Coast about Tangier being of great importance to the service of his Majesty The Parliament according to the term appointed in their last Prorogation was now assembled to whom the King as he was wont to do made a short Speech which was enlarged upon by another from the Lord-â—eeper The King therein recommended three things more especially to them the one was Unity among themselves the Union of England and Scotland and the Supply of his present and urgent Necessities As to the differences among themselves they were as soon as sate buried in oblivion and all matter of prejudice threatned thereby as suddenly vanish'd For they were no sooner sate but according to his Majesty's Recommendation both Houses came to a full agreement in the matter in debate between 'um greatly to the encouragement of all that regarded the good of the Nation as by the effect of their unanimous consultations soon after appeared Forein Affairs 1669. The Treaty at Aix la Chapelle one would have thought should have brought a general repose to Europe but jealousies of State had interrupted the quiet that should have attended upon it The King of France's new demands of appendencies to his Conquests in Flanders startled the Spaniards whereby Contributions were exacted by the French from places under the Spanish Jurisdiction as they took it for granted Nor did the States of Holland care at all for their Neighbourhood This made the Constable of Castile then Governour of the Spanish Netherlands in the place of Castel-Rodrigro send his Complaints to the French King who appointed Commissioners to sit at Lille for the composure of all these differences These Complaints the King of France eludes by renouncing his pretensions in one place and claiming in another quitting Charleroy and claiming Ipre quitting Conde and claiming Oudenard in which contests the Commissioners at Lille having spent many Moneths in vain were at length forc'd to break off without doing any thing On the other side Pompone the French Embassador endeavours all that might be to assure the States of Holland of the great inclinations of the King his Master to entertain all Friendship and good Correspondency with them telling them that he doubted not but the cares which he had for the glory of Christendom would in time sufficiently convince 'um of the vanity of those fears which some did endeavour to sow amongst ' um Nevertheless the States prepar'd for the security of their Frontiers and gave particular order to fortifie several Towns of Overyssel and upon the Borders of Westphalia In this juncture of time came news that the King of France had laid double Impositions upon the Manufactures of Holland in recompence of which kindness the Dutch lay an Imposition upon French Wine and Brandy proceeding at length to do the same upon all French Wares and forbid absolutely the Importation of Brandy and all other Distill'd Waters into Holland and upon this fuel those silent Animosities fed which afterwards brake out into greater Flames But between the States and Portugal there began to be a better understanding a new League being made betwixt them with condition that Cochin and Conomer in the East-Indies should remain to the Dutch and that four Millions of Money due to the States should be paid according to the Agreement made between them The Venetians in Candy had held out a long while against the main force of the Turk being assisted by many Princes of Europe especially the French first under the Command of Beaufort but with ill success he being slain in a Salley after him under the Conduct of the Duke of Navailles who after many Salleys and attempts finding little good to be done with what Souldiers he had left deserts the Garrison and returns for France though not without some disgrace to his person for the King of France hearing of his being landed commanded him to retire to his own possessions forbidding him to see his Face The Venetian seeing no hopes of keeping the Town any longer surrender'd it upon Articles and at length concluded a Peace inviolable for the advantage of Trade and mutual quiet of both Subjects King Casimire of Poland having resign'd and being now retired into France after many debates and much contention one Wisnowiskie a Native and one of the chief Nobility was the Elected King being Crown'd in September and soon after Married to Eleanor Sister to the Emperour of Germany This Year Clement the ninth of the House of Rospigliosi died at Rome having promoted six new Cardinals a little before his death A great Stickler against the Turks his Gallies under the Command of his Kinsman Don Vincenzo Rospigliosi being very serviceable to the Venetian After his Decease Cardinal Rospigliosi by vertue of a Brief acted as Pope till the new Election His death was followed by the death of the King of Denmark to whom succeeded his Son Christian the fifth The King of France at length signifies his willingness to refer the differences between himself and the Crown of Spain to the Arbitration of the Kings of England and Sweden But all this hinder'd not the conclusion of the Triple Alliance which was in the latter end of March in all points
Mentz and Collen at odds 547 Messiah counterfeit 548 Meetings supprest 573 Middleton now a Parliamentarian General 62. Taken 301. Seeking aid from the Dutch 344. Lands in Scotland 358 Militia Ordinance 29 30. Petitioned by the Parliament 30 to 33. Messages about it ibid. On foot in Lincoln-shire 34 Mings Sir Christopher chaced the Dutch 544. Sails for the Coast of Sweden 545. General Wrangle comes aboard him ibid. Miracle ominous 390 Mohun Lord for the King Lord Hopton Sir John Berkley and Col. Ashburnham Commissioners for the King in the West 43 Montross Marq. his Battles and activity 73 74. His Declaration 254. Tragedy and death from 255 to 266. His Interment 497 Monarchy the antient and only British Government 223. Abolished in Scotland by English States 308 Monke a Colonel from Ireland to assist the King taken prisoner at Namptwich and thence to the Tower of London 53. To Ireland again 123. General his acts in Ireland for the pretended States 237. He had the honour of Dunbar 274. In Scotland 358. In Sir George Booths c. 426. Secures the Scotch Nobility 427. Declares against the proceedings of Lambert c. And secures Anabaptist Officers maintains intelligence in England and protracts time by offers of Composure 430 431. Sends Commissioners to London they agree to no purpose obtains his desire of the Scotch Convention 432. Signifies his coming to London 435. His passage and Narrative of his Cabal 436 437. Thanked by the Parliament 442. The great instrument of the Restitution Meets the King at Dover 450. Dignified with the Order of the Garter 451. With the title of Duke of Albemarle 455 Monmoth betrayed and regained 64 Monmouth Duke made Capt. Kings Guard 568. His valour at Maestricht 596. Made Chancellor of Cambridge 599 Monro Sir George defeated 247. His enterprize in Ulster 250 Modiford Sir Thomas in Jamaica 530 Mordant Lord John seized 403. Tryed and quitted 404. Summoned 423 Morris Col. Executed 254 Moor Lord 240 Morpeth Earl affronted in Holland 532 Moreland Sir Samuel 448 Mother of Cromwel dies 366 Montague Gen. 416. Dignified with the Earldome of Sandwich 455. To Algier and Lisbon 500. Brings home the Queen 507 Mulgrave Earl made Knight of the Garter 598 Munster success in Holland 544 Munson Lord Sir Henry Mildmay and Wallop Sentenced 501 Musco alteration in their Religion intended 558 Myn Colonel slain and his party routed by Massey 64 N Naerden taken from the Dutch 597 Nailor James the Quaker personates our Saviour 384. Sentenced ibid. Released by the Rump 426 Newburg Prince arrives in England 602 Newberry disorders 525 Newark yielded 701 Newcastle Earl afterwards Marquiss 42. Besieged in York 58. Disswades fighting after the defeat at Marston-moor sets sail for Hamburgh with most of the Nobility and Officers of his party 61 Newcastle taken 67 New-park given the City by the Rump 235 News of the Change by Cromwel acceptable to the King at Paris 344 New-buildings 392 Nimmegen taken 586 No Address votes 162 Nobility of the Loyal and Presbyterian party 444 Noblemen English for the Scotch peace against Strafford's advice 15. Summoned to a general Council at York ibid. Conclude the Peace ibid. Secured by the Rump in the Tower 753 Nobles their Catalogue 488 Nonconformists increase in the Reigns of Qu. Elizabeth and King James 2 Indulged 582 Norfolk-Insurrection 278 Northampton burnt 602 North Sir Francis Lord Chief-Iustice of the Common-pleas 599 Northumberland Earl General of the Scots second expedition 22. His reasons to reject the Ordinance for the Trial of the King 194 Northampton Earl 42. Killed 44 Northern Counties oppressed by the Scots 120 Norton Colonel 66 Norwich Earl General in Kent at Rochester and Black-heath at Bow and Stratford 174 Nuntio of the Popes in Ireland his business 123. Party in Ireland 238 Nye one of the Commissioners for approbation with Lockier 359 O Oblivion Act by the Parliament 309 Oblivion Act by the King 456. Another 590 Obstructions in sales of Kings and Queens Lands c. removed 310 Okey Col. dismist from Command 366 Okey Berkstead and Corbet seized in Holland tried and Executed 505 506 Omens and Prognostications of the Dutch War 315 O Neal Hugh put into Clonmel 248. Defends it very handsomly 252 O Neal joyns with the Independant-party 237 O Neal Sir Phelim hanged 333 Opdam made Lieutenant-Admiral in place of Van Tromp 349 Orange Prince arrives in England 578. Made Captain-General in Holland 579 584. Declared Stadtholder 586 Order for the Murther and Execution of the King 217 Ordinances of Parliament obeyed as Acts 36. For tryal of the King disputed and thrown aside by the Lords entituled by the Iuncto and passed as an Act 194 to 196. Ordinances published in Parliament 364 Orleans Dutchess comes into England 577. Dies ibid. Ormond Marquiss Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland 53. Capitulates with the Parliament Commissioners 164. Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland 238. He hath no power to punish any faults or Delinquents 243. Recruits his Forces and Garrison-Towns ibid. Makes agreement with O Neal by means of Daniel O Neal his Nephew 244. Resolves to fight Cromwel before Duncannon 246. Before Carrick 247. But disappointed he leaves Ireland 277. Hardly escapes out of Sussex 401. Main Instrument of the Restitutioâ— Made Earl of Brecknock 455. To Ireland Lord-Lieutenant 511. Duke of Ormond Chancellor of Oxford 571. Assaulted in the Night 578 Osborne Sir Thomas Lord-Treasurer 591 Other House meet and fawn upon the Commons 399. The Names of the Members ibid. Overton Maj. Gen. seized in Scotland 366 Overton Colonel 469 Owen Dr. preacheth before the Protector and Parliament 382 Owen Ro the great Rebel dies 248 Oxford the Kings chief Quarters and Court 47. Besieged by Fairfax 75. Yielded 106 P Pack Alderman 374 and 386 Palaffi Imbre revolts from the Emperour 548 Parliament in Ireland 4. Grant Subsidies to carry on the Scotch War 20 Parliament in England called and dissolved and why 12 Parliament in Scotland and Assembly and adjourned 17. Meet again and order their Army to march into England 13 Parliament meets at Oxford 56 Long Parliament 15. Enact a Triennial one 18. Deny his Majesties desire of going for Ireland the reasons 32 33. Forbid any resort to the King but his Servants Arm the several Counties Admit of no ways of accommodation 35. Arm and fight c. and having prevailed agree not about disposing the King 113 114 121. Buy the King from the Scots after much tampering and send Propositions to the King 118 119 121. Are refractory to all his condescentions offers and messages as appears 121. New Speakers 139. Fugitive Members sit with the Army in Council 140. Constrained to humour a Treaty in the Isle of Wight 158. Four Bills passed as Preliminaries with Proposals ibid. Necessitated to vote a personal Treaty the votes of Non-addresses cancell'd 180 181. Agree to his Majesties condescention as a ground for Peace 192. Forced by the Army ibid. Turned into a Iuncto 193. Parliament-men twelve a penny 339. Dissolved the manner of