induce_v this_o king_n to_o grant_v it_o beorredus_fw-la laâ—giente_fw-la dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la provinciis_fw-la &_o populis_fw-la earum_fw-la universam_fw-la merciam_fw-la inhabitantibus_fw-la &_o fidem_fw-la catholicam_fw-la conservantibus_fw-la salutem_fw-la sempiternam_fw-la in_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la jesus_n christo._n quoniam_fw-la peccatis_fw-la nostris_fw-la exigentibus_fw-la manum_fw-la domini_fw-la super_fw-la nos_fw-la extensum_fw-la quotidiè_fw-la cum_fw-la virgâ_fw-la ferreâ_fw-la cernimus_fw-la cervicibus_fw-la nostris_fw-la imminere_fw-la necessarium_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o salubre_fw-la arbitror_fw-la piis_fw-la sanctae_fw-la matris_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la precibus_fw-la eleemosynarumque_fw-la liberis_fw-la largitionibus_fw-la iratum_fw-la dominum_fw-la placatum_fw-la reddere_fw-la et_fw-la dignis_fw-la devotionibus_fw-la ejus_fw-la gratiam_fw-la in_o nostris_fw-la necessitaâ—ibus_fw-la auxiliariam_fw-la imploraâ—e_fw-la ideoque_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la petitionem_fw-la strenâ—i_fw-la comitis_fw-la mihi_fw-la meritoque_fw-la dilectissimi_fw-la concessi_fw-la regio_fw-la chirographo_fw-la meo_fw-la theodoro_n abbati_n croyland_n tam_fw-la donum_fw-la dicti_fw-la comitis_fw-la algari_fw-la quam_fw-la dona_fw-la aliorum_fw-la fidelium_fw-la praeterit_fw-la orum_fw-la ac_fw-la praesentium_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o it_o conclude_v thus_o istud_fw-la regium_fw-la chirographum_fw-la meum_fw-la anno_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la domini_fw-la nostri_fw-la jesus_n christi_fw-la 868._o calendis_fw-la augusti_fw-la apud_fw-la snothingham_n coram_fw-la fratribus_fw-la &_o amiciss_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la meo_fw-la in_o obsidione_fw-la paganorum_fw-la congregatis_fw-la sanctae_fw-la crucis_fw-la munimine_fw-la confirmaviâ—_n then_o follow_v the_o subscription_n and_o confirmation_n of_o ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 5_o bishop_n 3_o abbot_n ethelred_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n and_o alfred_n his_o brother_n edmund_z king_n of_o east-angle_n 2_o duke_n and_o twelve_o earl_n who_o all_o ratify_v this_o charter_n after_o which_o charter_n confirm_v this_o king_n beor_v render_v special_a thanks_o to_o all_o his_o army_n for_o their_o assistance_n against_o the_o dane_n especial_o to_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o inferior_a ecclesiastical_a person_n for_o their_o voluntary_a assistance_n of_o he_o in_o those_o war_n against_o these_o enemy_n norwithstand_v his_o father_n exemption_n of_o they_o by_o his_o charter_n from_o all_o military_a expedition_n and_o secular_a service_n thus_o record_v by_o 865._o ingulphus_n and_o most_o worthy_a observation_n ego_fw-la beorredus_fw-la rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la intimo_fw-la animi_fw-la affectu_fw-la totisque_fw-la praecordiis_fw-la gratias_fw-la exolvo_fw-la speciales_fw-la omni_fw-la exercitui_fw-la meo_fw-la maximè_fw-la tamen_fw-la viris_fw-la ecclesiasticis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la &_o abbatibus_fw-la aliis_fw-la etiam_fw-la inferioribus_fw-la status_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la 8._o qui_fw-la licèt_fw-la piissimae_fw-la memoriae_fw-la rex_fw-la quondam_a eâ—helwulfus_n pater_fw-la meus_fw-la per_fw-la sacratisâ—imam_fw-la chartam_fw-la svam_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la expeditione_n militari_fw-la vos_fw-la liberos_fw-la reddiderit_fw-la &_o ab_fw-la omni_fw-la servitio_fw-la saeculari_fw-la penitus_fw-la absolutos_fw-la dignisâ—â—ma_fw-la tamen_fw-la miseratione_n super_fw-la oppressiones_fw-la christianae_n plebis_fw-la ecclesiarumque_fw-la &_o monasteriorum_fw-la destructiones_fw-la luctuosas_fw-la benignissimè_fw-la compassi_fw-la contra_fw-la nefandissimos_fw-la paganos_fw-la in_o exercitum_fw-la domini_fw-la prompti_fw-la &_o spontanei_fw-la convenistis_fw-la ut_fw-la tanquam_fw-la martyr_n christi_fw-la cultus_fw-la sanguine_fw-la vestro_fw-la augeatur_fw-la &_o barbarorum_fw-la superstitiosa_fw-la crudelitas_fw-la effugetur_fw-la from_o these_o last_o passage_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o in_o those_o day_n our_o saxon_a king_n make_v war_n and_o peace_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o their_o noble_n and_o parliamentary_a great_a council_n 2_o that_o in_o case_n of_o common_a invasion_n and_o danger_n by_o foreign_a enemy_n all_o the_o force_n raise_v and_o way_n and_o mean_n to_o resist_v they_o be_v conclude_v on_o by_o advice_n and_o consent_n of_o these_o great_a council_n and_o not_o by_o the_o king_n absolute_a power_n 3_o that_o all_o or_o most_o churchman_n and_o their_o church-land_n in_o those_o day_n be_v absolute_o free_v and_o discharge_v from_o all_o military_a expedition_n contribution_n aid_n and_o assistance_n against_o enemy_n by_o express_a charter_n but_o only_o such_o as_o themselves_o voluntary_o anâ—â—reely_o contribute_v in_o case_n of_o incumbent_n great_a danger_n and_o necessity_n without_o compulsion_n for_o which_o their_o king_n render_v they_o special_a and_o hearty_a thanks_o acknowledge_v and_o confirm_v these_o their_o immunity_n not_o violate_v they_o upon_o such_o necessity_n as_o this_o notable_a passage_n of_o ingulphus_n atte_v together_o with_o that_o of_o 37._o mat._n west_n an._n 867._o concern_v alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherborne_n a_o man_n of_o very_o great_a power_n and_o counsel_n in_o the_o realm_n contra_fw-la danos_n quoque_fw-la qui_fw-la tunc_fw-la primò_fw-la insulam_fw-la infestabant_fw-la regis_fw-la aethelulfi_n saevitiam_fw-la exacuit_fw-la ipse_fw-la ex_fw-la fisco_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la accipiens_fw-la 1.3_o ipse_fw-la excercitum_fw-la componens_fw-la martiis_fw-la felix_fw-la eventibus_fw-la contra_fw-la host_n bella_fw-la plurima_fw-la constant_a peregit_fw-la receive_v money_n out_o of_o the_o king_n exchequer_n not_o the_o people_n purse_n or_o contribution_n to_o manage_v these_o war_n and_o not_o war_a on_o his_o own_o expense_n 4_o that_o the_o noble_n gentry_z and_o people_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v the_o only_a stand_a militâ—â—_n in_o that_o age_n to_o defend_v it_o against_o foreign_a enemy_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n or_o actual_a invasion_n when_o they_o march_v out_o of_o their_o own_o county_n against_o they_o voluntary_o and_o free_o adventure_v their_o life_n for_o defence_n of_o their_o king_n country_n religion_n liberty_n property_n as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n and_o during_o all_o the_o long-lasting_a danish_a war_n invasion_n and_o depredation_n both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n 5_o that_o our_o christian_a king_n nobles_z and_o great_a council_n of_o those_o day_n in_o time_n of_o great_a danger_n invasion_n and_o war_n hold_v it_o most_o seasonable_a and_o necessary_a to_o confirm_v and_o enlarge_v the_o church_n patrimony_n liberty_n and_o privilege_n thereby_o to_o stir_v up_o their_o clergyman_n more_o earnest_o to_o assist_v they_o with_o their_o prayer_n 870._o not_o to_o diminish_v invade_v or_o infringe_v they_o under_o pretext_n of_o real_a inevitable_a necessity_n and_o danger_n the_o practice_n of_o late_a and_o present_a time_n whereupon_o they_o grant_v and_o confirm_v this_o forecited_a charter_n in_o the_o very_a army_n during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n before_o all_o the_o king_n prince_n prelate_n duke_n earls_z and_o people_n there_o present_a 870._o in_o the_o year_n 870._o inguar_n and_o hubba_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o dane_n come_v into_o kesteven_n in_o lincolnshire_n waste_v and_o slay_v all_o the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n thereupon_o earl_n algarus_fw-la osgot_v sheriff_n of_o lincoln_n and_o all_o the_o gentry_n and_o people_n in_o those_o part_n with_o the_o band_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n under_o the_o command_n of_o toâ—â—us_n a_o monk_n former_o a_o soldier_n consist_v of_o 200_o stout_a man_n most_o of_o they_o fugitive_n thither_o for_o sanctuary_n unite_n all_o their_o force_n together_o in_o kesteven_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n maurice_n fight_v with_o the_o dane_n and_o slay_v 3_o of_o their_o king_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o their_o force_n that_o night_n the_o other_o danish_a king_n disperse_v abroad_o to_o pillage_v the_o country_n with_o a_o great_a booty_n &_o many_o captain_n come_v to_o the_o tent_n of_o their_o rout_v companion_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n be_v enrage_v with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o their_o confederate_n in_o their_o absence_n whereupon_o most_o of_o the_o english_a secret_o flee_v away_o from_o the_o earl_n and_o their_o captain_n in_o the_o night_n through_o fear_n who_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n have_v hear_v divine_a office_n and_o receive_v the_o sacrament_n resolve_v not_o to_o retreat_v but_o manful_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o dane_n though_o not_o above_o 700_o to_o their_o many_o thousand_o be_v most_o ready_a to_o die_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n and_o of_o their_o country_n whereupon_o the_o dane_n assail_a they_o with_o great_a multitude_n and_o fury_n they_o all_o stand_v and_o fight_v close_o together_o valiant_o sustain_v their_o assault_n from_o morning_n till_o evening_n without_o give_v ground_n upon_o which_o the_o dane_n to_o sever_v they_o purposely_o feign_v a_o flight_n and_o begin_v to_o leave_v the_o fieldâ—_n hereupon_o the_o english_a contrary_a to_o the_o command_n of_o their_o captain_n dissolve_v their_o rank_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o to_o pursue_v the_o dane_n they_o sudden_o return_v and_o slay_v most_o of_o the_o english_a who_o fight_v gallant_o with_o they_o to_o the_o last_o gasp_n some_o few_o of_o they_o only_o escape_v after_o which_o the_o dane_n march_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n put_v the_o abbot_n with_o all_o the_o monk_n and_o person_n they_o there_o find_v one_o child_n except_v to_o the_o sword_n after_o they_o have_v extreme_o
foresay_a friar_n askillus_n have_v run_v from_o hand_n to_o hand_n of_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o whole_a council_n and_o one_o advise_v one_o thing_n another_o another_o lord_n ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n cry_v out_o with_o a_o loud_a voice_n that_o he_o be_v heal_v of_o his_o disease_n and_o perfect_o recover_v by_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o most_o holy_a confessor_n of_o christ_n most_o bless_a guthlac_n who_o business_n be_v then_o handle_v in_o their_o hand_n likewise_o many_o other_o most_o potent_a man_n in_o the_o say_a council_n cry_v out_o as_o well_o prelate_n as_o noble_n that_o they_o have_v be_v sick_a of_o that_o disease_n but_o now_o by_o god_n grace_n and_o the_o merit_n of_o most_o holy_a guthlac_n they_o feel_v no_o pain_n in_o any_o of_o their_o member_n through_o the_o say_a malady_n and_o all_o of_o they_o present_o bind_v their_o conscience_n with_o a_o most_o strict_a vow_n to_o visit_v the_o most_o sacred_a tomb_n of_o most_o holy_a guthlac_n at_o croyland_n with_o devout_a pilgrimage_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v wherefore_o our_o lord_n king_n bertulf_n command_v the_o bishop_n of_o london_n who_o be_v then_o account_v the_o best_a notary_n and_o most_o eloquent_a speaker_n who_o be_v moreover_o touch_v with_o the_o same_o disease_n now_o predicate_v with_o great_a joy_n that_o he_o be_v heal_v to_o tâ—ke_v the_o privilege_n of_o croyland_n into_o his_o hand_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v insist_v to_o honour_v his_o physicitian_n s._n guthlac_n with_o his_o hand_n write_v prout_fw-la consilium_fw-la statueret_fw-la as_o the_o council_n shall_v ordain_v which_o also_o be_v do_v therefore_o in_o the_o subscription_n of_o the_o king_n charter_n aforementioned_a the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n ceolnoth_n confess_v himself_o whole_a and_o sound_a 6._o st._n swithin_n bishop_n of_o winchester_n rejoice_v concern_v the_o lord_n miracle_n alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherburn_n and_o orkenwald_n of_o lichenfeld_n give_v thanks_o for_o the_o success_n of_o the_o church_n and_o rethunus_fw-la bishop_n of_o leicester_n profess_v himself_o a_o servant_n to_o st._n guthlac_n so_o long_o as_o he_o live_v uuniversique_fw-la concilii_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o council_n with_o a_o most_o ardent_a affection_n yield_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n benevolent_a affection_n towards_o st._n guthlac_n in_o all_o thing_n from_o all_o which_o precedent_a passage_n in_o these_o two_o council_n it_o be_v apparent_a first_o that_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o that_o age_n consist_v only_o of_o the_o king_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a lord_n and_o peer_n without_o any_o knight_n of_o shire_n or_o burgess_n of_o which_o we_o find_v no_o mention_n in_o this_o or_o any_o other_o former_a or_o succeed_a council_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n though_o sometime_o wiseman_n of_o inferior_a quality_n both_o of_o the_o clergy_n and_o laity_n be_v particular_o summon_v to_o they_o without_o any_o popular_a election_n by_o the_o king_n special_a direction_n for_o their_o advice_n 2_o that_o all_o divine_a and_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n touch_v god_n religion_n and_o the_o church_n and_o all_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o public_a concernment_n relate_v to_o war_n or_o peace_n be_v debate_v consult_v of_o &_o settle_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n 3_o that_o the_o business_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n be_v therein_o usual_o first_o debate_v and_o settle_v before_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o which_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v precedency_n 4_o that_o all_o private_a grievance_n injury_n and_o oppression_n do_v by_o the_o king_n his_o officer_n or_o other_o private_a person_n to_o the_o church_n or_o other_o man_n be_v usual_o complain_v of_o and_o redress_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o peer_n and_o that_o either_o upon_o the_o party_n petition_n set_v forth_o his_o grievance_n or_o a_o relation_n make_v thereof_o by_o the_o king_n or_o some_o other_o prelate_n or_o nobleman_n before_o the_o whole_a council_n 5_o that_o what_o can_v not_o be_v redress_v in_o one_o great_a council_n be_v in_o the_o next_o succeed_a council_n revive_v and_o redress_v according_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o the_o cause_n 6_o that_o no_o peer_n nor_o member_n of_o the_o great_a council_n may_v absent_v himself_o in_o those_o time_n but_o upon_o just_a and_o lawful_a excuse_n which_o he_o ought_v humble_o to_o signify_v to_o the_o king_n and_o council_n by_o a_o special_a messenger_n and_o letter_n as_o abbot_n siward_n do_v here_o 7_o that_o all_o member_n of_o the_o council_n have_v free_a liberty_n of_o debate_n and_o vote_n in_o all_o business_n complain_v of_o or_o propose_v â—o_o they_o and_o a_o negative_a as_o well_o as_o a_o affirmative_a voice_n 8_o that_o all_o business_n than_o be_v propound_v and_o debate_v before_o all_o the_o council_n and_o resolve_v by_o they_o all_o not_o in_o private_a committee_n 9_o that_o our_o king_n in_o those_o day_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n can_v not_o lawful_o â—eise_v their_o subject_n money_n and_o plate_n against_o their_o will_n to_o raise_v soldier_n to_o resist_v invade_v foreign_a enemy_n but_o only_o borrow_v they_o by_o their_o free_a consent_n and_o hold_v themselves_o bind_v to_o restore_v or_o recompense_v the_o money_n lend_v or_o take_v by_o they_o in_o such_o exigency_n with_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n 10._o that_o our_o king_n in_o that_o age_n can_v not_o grant_v away_o their_o crown_n land_n create_v or_o enlarge_v sanctuarieâ—_n or_o exempt_v any_o abbey_n from_o tax_n and_o public_a payment_n or_o impose_v any_o public_a tax_n on_o their_o subject_n but_o by_o charter_n or_o grant_v make_v and_o ratify_v in_o and_o by_o their_o great_a council_n anno_fw-la 854._o 854._o 353._o king_n aethelulf_n give_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o his_o realm_n to_o god_n and_o his_o saint_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n exaction_n and_o tribute_n by_o this_o charter_n make_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o free_a assent_n of_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n throughout_o the_o realm_n then_o assemble_v in_o a_o great_a council_n to_o oppose_v the_o invade_a plunder_v danes_n regnante_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la domino_fw-la nostro_fw-la jesus_n christo_fw-la in_fw-la nostris_fw-la temporibus_fw-la bellorum_fw-la incendia_fw-la &_o direptiones_fw-la opum_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la &_o vastantium_fw-la crudelissimas_fw-la hostium_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la paganorumque_fw-la gentium_fw-la multiplices_fw-la tribulationes_fw-la aâ—â—ligentium_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la internecionem_fw-la cernimus_fw-la tempoâ—a_fw-la incumbere_fw-la periculosa_fw-la quamobrem_fw-la ego_fw-la aethelulfus_fw-la rex_fw-la occidentalium_fw-la saxonum_n cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la principum_fw-la meorum_fw-la consilium_fw-la salubre_fw-la arque_fw-la uniform_a reme_n i_o un_fw-fr aâ—â—irmavi_fw-la ut_fw-la aliquam_fw-la portioneâ—_n terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la deo_fw-la &_o beatae_fw-la mariae_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la sanctisâ—_n jure_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la concedam_fw-la 9.10_o decimam_fw-la scilicet_fw-la parâ—em_fw-la terrae_fw-la meae_fw-la uâ—_n sit_fw-la tuta_fw-la muâ—eribus_fw-la et_fw-la libera_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la servitiis_fw-la secularibus_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la regalibus_fw-la tributis_fw-la majoribus_fw-la et_fw-la monoribus_fw-la seu_fw-la taxationibus_fw-la qâ—ae_fw-la nos_fw-la wiâ—teredden_a appeâ—lamus_fw-la it_o sitque_fw-la omnium_fw-la rerum_fw-la libera_fw-la pro_fw-la remissione_n animarum_fw-la &_o peccatorum_fw-la meoâ—um_fw-la ad_fw-la â—erviendum_fw-la soli_fw-la deo_fw-la sine_fw-la expeditione_n et_fw-la pontis_fw-la constructione_n arcis_fw-la munitione_n uâ—_n eo_fw-la diligentiâ—s_fw-la â—ro_fw-la nobis_fw-la preces_fw-la ad_fw-la deum_fw-la â—â—ne_n cessatione_fw-la fundant_fw-la quo_fw-la eorum_fw-la servitutem_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la le_fw-fr vigamus_fw-la the_o copy_n in_o our_o historian_n vary_v in_o some_o expression_n and_o in_o the_o date_n of_o this_o charter_n some_o place_v it_o in_o anno_fw-la 855._o other_o anno_fw-la 865._o this_o charter_n as_o ingulphus_n record_v be_v make_v at_o winchester_n novemb_n 3._o anno._n 855._o praesentibus_fw-la &_o subscribentibus_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la angliae_fw-la universis_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la burredo_fw-la merciae_n &_o edmundi_fw-la east-anglorum_a rege_fw-la abbatum_fw-la &_o abbatissarum_fw-la ducum_fw-la comitum_fw-la procerumque_fw-la totius_fw-la terrae_fw-la aliorumque_fw-la fidelium_fw-la infinita_fw-la multitudine_fw-la dignitates_fw-la vero_fw-la sua_fw-la nomina_fw-la subscripserunt_fw-la after_o which_o for_o a_o great_a confirmation_n the_o king_n offer_v the_o write_a charter_n up_o to_o god_n upon_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n where_o the_o bishop_n receive_v it_o and_o after_o send_v it_o into_o all_o their_o diocese_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o hereupon_o the_o bishop_n of_o sherburne_n and_o winchester_n with_o the_o abbot_n and_o religious_a person_n on_o who_o the_o say_a benefit_n be_v bestow_v decree_v that_o on_o every_o wednesday_n in_o every_o church_n all_o the_o friar_n and_o nun_n shall_v sing_v 50_o psalm_n and_o every_o priest_n 2_o mass_n one_o for_o the_o king_n and_o a_o other_o for_o his_o captain_n it_o be_v observable_a
monarchy_n of_o all_o england_n unto_o himself_o extirpate_v all_o the_o pagan_a dane_n with_o their_o infidelity_n restore_v christianity_n to_o its_o lustre_n and_o the_o english_a to_o their_o possession_n and_o liberty_n the_o year_n follow_v he_o waste_v and_o subdue_v all_o cumberland_n and_o pillage_v the_o people_n of_o all_o their_o good_n and_o because_o the_o people_n of_o that_o country_n be_v perfidam_fw-la &_o legibus_fw-la insolitam_fw-la perfidious_a and_o unaccustomed_a to_o law_n so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o total_o subdue_v and_o civilize_v they_o have_v harrow_v it_o with_o his_o army_n and_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o dummail_n 7._o king_n thereof_o he_o give_v the_o country_n to_o malcolm_n king_n of_o scot_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o himself_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o he_o shall_v assist_v he_o and_o defend_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o england_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n from_o the_o incursion_n of_o invade_a enemy_n this_o king_n edmund_n after_o the_o conquest_n and_o expulsion_n of_o his_o enemy_n 944._o by_o the_o advice_n of_o dunston_n and_o his_o chancellor_n turketulus_n 878._o make_v good_a law_n and_o ordinance_n ecclesiastical_a and_o civil_a for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o realm_n for_o which_o purpose_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 944_o he_o assemble_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o the_o clergy_n &_o laity_n at_o london_n to_o consult_v and_o advise_v with_o they_o in_o the_o make_n of_o his_o law_n which_o the_o proem_n to_o they_o thus_o express_v edmundus_n rex_fw-la ipso_fw-la solenni_fw-la pascatis_fw-la festo_fw-la frequentem_fw-la londini_fw-la tam_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la caetum_fw-la celebravit_fw-la as_o one_o version_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a orâ—_n congregavit_fw-la magnam_fw-la synodum_fw-la dei_fw-la ordinis_fw-la et_fw-la saeculi_fw-la as_o another_o translation_n render_v it_o cui_fw-la interfuit_fw-la odo_n et_fw-la wulstanus_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la et_fw-la alii_fw-la plures_fw-la episcopiâ—_n ut_fw-la animorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la 5â—_n et_fw-la â—orum_fw-la omnium_fw-la qui_fw-la eye_n curae_fw-la sunt_fw-la consuleretur_fw-la saluti_fw-la and_o this_o proem_n of_o king_n edmund_n himself_z thus_o second_v supra_fw-la ego_fw-la edmundus_n rex_fw-la omnibus_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o dâ—tionâ—_n ac_fw-la potestate_fw-la meâ_fw-la sunt_fw-la senibus_fw-la &_o juvenibus_fw-la clarè_v significo_fw-la i_fw-mi à _fw-la scientissimis_fw-la regni_fw-la mei_fw-la in_o celebri_fw-la ecâ—leâ—sticorum_fw-la quam_fw-la laicorum_fw-la frequentiâ_fw-la studiose_fw-la requisivisse_fw-la quo_fw-la tandem_fw-la pacto_fw-la christiana_n proveheretur_fw-la fides_fw-la etc._n etc._n or_o mando_n &_o praecipio_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la seniorum_fw-la &_o juniorum_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o region_fw-la mea_fw-la sunt_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la investigans_fw-la investigavi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapiâ—ntibus_fw-la clericis_fw-la &_o laicis_fw-la in_o this_o council_n there_o be_v three_o parcel_n of_o law_n make_v the_o one_o mere_o ecclesiastical_a the_o other_o mere_o civil_a the_o three_o mix_v of_o boâ—hâ—_n and_o in_o this_o council_n i_o conceive_v the_o constitution_n of_o archbishop_n odo_n be_v read_v and_o ratify_v the_o great_a parâ—_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o make_v be_v against_o murder_n bloodshed_n fight_v breach_n of_o peace_n theft_n and_o perjury_n in_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o these_o law_n cap._n 5._o the_o king_n give_v god_n and_o they_o thanks_o for_o assist_v he_o in_o make_v these_o law_n in_o these_o word_n maximas_fw-la antem_fw-la &_o deo_fw-la &_o vobis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la ago_o gratias_fw-la qui_fw-la i_o auxilio_fw-la vestro_fw-la in_o hac_fw-la pacis_fw-la quam_fw-la nunc_fw-la ad_fw-la prostigandos_fw-la fures_fw-la sancivimus_fw-la 5._o lege_fw-la adjuvistis_fw-la ac_fw-la uchementer_fw-la conâ—ido_fw-la eo_fw-la vos_fw-la propensius_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la opitulaturos_fw-la quo_fw-la huius_fw-la decreti_fw-la observatio_fw-la magis_fw-la viâ—ebitur_fw-la necesâ—aria_fw-la about_o the_o same_o year_n 944._o 859._o this_o king_n assemble_v another_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o wiseman_n at_o culinton_n where_o they_o enact_v 7_o other_o law_n principal_o against_o thief_n together_o with_o a_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n to_o king_n edmund_n 7._o thus_o prefaced_a haec_fw-la est_fw-la institutio_fw-la quam_fw-la edmunds_n rex_fw-la &_o episcopi_fw-la svi_fw-la cum_fw-la sapientibus_fw-la suis_fw-la instituerunt_fw-la apud_fw-la culintoniam_fw-la de_fw-la pace_fw-la &_o juramento_fw-la faciendo_fw-la the_o two_o first_o of_o these_o law_n i_o shall_v transcribe_v as_o pertinent_a to_o my_o theme_n cap._n 1._o imprimis_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la jurent_fw-la in_o nomine_fw-la domini_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la sanctum_fw-la illud_fw-la sanctum_fw-la est_fw-la fideâ—iâ—atem_fw-la edmuudo_fw-la regi_fw-la sicut_fw-la homo_fw-la debet_fw-la esse_fw-la fidelis_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la 7._o sine_fw-la omni_fw-la controversiâ_fw-la &_o seditione_n in_o manifesto_fw-la in_fw-la occulto_fw-la in_fw-la amando_fw-la quod_fw-la amabit_fw-la nolendo_fw-la quod_fw-la noluit_fw-la et_fw-la antequam_fw-la juramentum_fw-la hoc_fw-la dabitur_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la concelet_fw-la hoc_fw-la in_o fratre_fw-la vel_fw-la proximo_fw-la svo_fw-la plus_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o extraneo_fw-la cap._n 2._o vult_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la ubi_fw-la fur_n pro_fw-la certo_fw-la cognoscetur_fw-la tweâ—fhindi_n et_fw-fr twifhindi_n that_o be_v meâ—_n of_o 600_o or_o 200_o s._n land_n by_o the_o year_n consocientur_fw-la et_fw-la exuperent_fw-la eum_fw-la vivum_fw-la vel_fw-la mortuum_fw-la alterutrum_fw-la quod_fw-la poterunt_fw-la â—t_a qui_fw-la aliquem_fw-la eorum_fw-la infaidiabit_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o eâ_fw-la quaestione_fw-la fuerint_fw-la sit_fw-la inimicus_fw-la regis_fw-la et_fw-la omnium_fw-la amicorum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la adire_fw-la negaverit_fw-la et_fw-la coadjuvare_fw-la nolit_fw-la emendat_fw-la regi_fw-la cxx_o s._n vel_fw-la secundum_fw-la hoc_fw-la pernegat_fw-la quod_fw-la nescivit_fw-la et_fw-la hundredo_fw-la thirty_o s._n from_o whence_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o all_o oath_n of_o allegiance_n and_o law_n against_o thief_n and_o other_o malefactor_n be_v then_o make_v and_o enact_v in_o parliamentary_a council_n assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o all_o fine_n for_o offence_n impose_v and_o reduce_v to_o a_o certainty_n only_o by_o parliament_n and_o by_o the_o last_o parcel_n of_o king_n edmund_n law_n in_o bromton_n it_o seem_v the_o manner_n of_o contract_a marriage_n be_v then_o prescribe_v and_o settle_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n this_o king_n 25._o edmund_n as_o he_o give_v and_o restore_v by_o his_o charter_n to_o christ-church_n and_o st._n augustine_n in_o canterbury_n several_a land_n unjust_o take_v away_o from_o they_o by_o his_o predecessor_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n except_o expedition_n and_o build_n of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n and_o ratify_v the_o law_n and_o privilege_n of_o st._n cutberts_n church_n at_o durham_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n so_o likewise_o 4.27_o anno_fw-la 944._o he_o grant_v by_o his_o charter_n write_v in_o golden_a character_n sundry_a large_a liberty_n together_o with_o the_o manor_n of_o glastonbury_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o glustonbury_n consilio_fw-la et_fw-la consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la meorum_fw-la then_o assemble_v in_o a_o paliamentary_a council_n at_o london_n ratify_v the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o the_o monastery_n by_o king_n edmund_n his_o father_n 4.10_o eâ—frid_n centwine_v ina_n and_o cuâ—hred_n et_fw-la nè_fw-la quisquam_fw-la mortalium_fw-la scu_fw-la episcopus_fw-la vel_fw-la dux_n aut_fw-la princeps_fw-la aut_fw-la quilibet_fw-la ministrorum_fw-la eorum_fw-la audeat_fw-la eam_fw-la omnino_fw-la intrare_fw-la causâ—_n placitandi_fw-la vel_fw-la câ—piendi_fw-la vel_fw-la quidquam_fw-la faciendi_fw-la quod_fw-la contrarium_fw-la fore_fw-la possit_fw-la imbi_fw-la deo_fw-la servientibus_fw-la dei_fw-la indictone_n prohibuit_fw-la 945._o 8â—8_n in_o the_o year_n 945._o this_o king_n edmund_n give_v many_o land_n and_o privilege_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n edmundsbury_n by_o his_o charter_n quam_fw-la subscriptione_n episcorum_n comitum_fw-la et_fw-la baronum_fw-la piâ_fw-la devotione_fw-la roboravit_fw-la most_o probable_o in_o the_o parliamentary_a council_n of_o london_n 10._o at_o culington_n where_o they_o be_v all_o assemble_v 946._o edmund_n king_n edmund_n in_o the_o year_n 946._o celebrate_v with_o great_a solemnity_n â—he_v feast_n of_o st._n augustine_n which_o the_o english_a accustom_v to_o celebrate_v every_o year_n at_o canterbury_n as_o some_o or_o at_o pulcherkirke_n now_o at_o puckel-church_n in_o glostershire_n as_o other_o or_o michelesberith_n as_o mâ—tthew_n wesâ—minster_n style_v it_o as_o he_o be_v fit_v at_o dinner_n in_o the_o hall_n amid_o his_o noble_n and_o courtier_n espy_v a_o notable_a thief_n câ—lled_v leoff_v who_o he_o former_o banish_v for_o his_o theft_n stand_v in_o the_o hall_n whereupon_o he_o not_o endure_v his_o sight_n command_v his_o butler_n to_o thrust_v that_o thief_n present_o out_o of_o the_o palace_n who_o refuse_v to_o depart_v upon_o the_o king_n command_n and_o resist_v the_o butler_n 8._o the_o king_n thereupon_o in_o a_o rage_n rise_v sudden_o from_o the_o table_n take_v the_o thief_n by_o the_o hair_n and_o throw_v he_o to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o the_o traitor_n feel_v himself_o hurt_v and_o the_o king_n lie_v upon_o he_o present_o draw_v out_o his_o knife_n which_o he_o carry_v
of_o the_o noble_n and_o common_a soldier_n be_v so_o incense_v that_o detest_a the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o prince_n they_o unanimous_o depart_v from_o his_o service_n and_o refuse_v to_o march_n wiâ—h_v he_o against_o the_o norman_n this_o triumphant_a victory_n so_o puff_v up_o harold_n that_o he_o think_v himself_o secure_a in_o the_o throne_n beyond_o the_o fear_n or_o reach_v of_o any_o adversity_n and_o instead_o of_o a_o king_n become_v a_o tyrant_n whilst_o harold_n with_o all_o his_o land_n and_o sea_n force_n be_v thus_o buâ—ied_v in_o the_o north_n of_o england_n duke_n william_n in_o august_n assemble_v all_o his_o land_n army_n and_o navy_n consist_v of_o 900_o ship_n at_o the_o port_n of_o s._n valerie_n to_o invade_v england_n in_o the_o south_n then_o whole_o destitute_a of_o all_o guard_n by_o land_n and_o navy_n by_o sea_n to_o resist_v his_o land_n and_o to_o satisfy_v his_o soldier_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o his_o undertake_n haywood_n he_o allege_v these_o three_o cause_n thereof_o which_o henry_n the_o knyghton_n divide_v into_o four_o the_o first_o be_v to_o revenge_v the_o cruel_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n prince_n alfred_n king_n edmund_n brother_n and_o of_o the_o norman_n who_o come_v with_o he_o to_o assist_v he_o to_o recover_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n to_o which_o he_o be_v right_a heir_n who_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n have_v shameful_o dishonour_v treacherous_o betray_v and_o barbarous_o murder_v which_o fact_n he_o ascribe_v principal_o to_o harold_n the_o second_o be_v because_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n by_o their_o cunning_n have_v injurious_o banish_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n earl_n odo_n and_o all_o the_o french_a and_o norman_n out_o of_o england_n which_o wrong_v he_o will_v revenge_v on_o harold_n as_o do_v principal_o by_o his_o mean_n and_o labour_n the_o three_o and_o chief_a ground_n be_v because_o harold_n fall_v headlong_o into_o perjury_n have_v without_o any_o right_n usurp_v the_o crown_n and_o realm_n of_o england_n which_o of_o due_n belong_v unto_o he_o both_o by_o right_n of_o kindred_n to_o and_o gift_n by_o king_n edward_n his_o nephew_n and_o by_o harold_n own_o solemn_a oath_n and_o promise_n make_v to_o he_o in_o normandy_n to_o preserve_v the_o kingdom_n for_o his_o use_n after_o king_n edward_n death_n without_o child_n according_a to_o king_n edward_n command_n while_o duke_n william_n with_o his_o ship_n and_o army_n lay_v many_o day_n together_o at_o s._n valerie_n expect_v a_o fair_a gale_n for_o england_n the_o wind_n be_v across_o 100_o many_o of_o the_o common_a soldier_n there_o lie_v in_o tent_n thus_o mutter_v one_o to_o another_o that_o the_o man_n be_v mad_a who_o will_v by_o force_n invade_v and_o make_v another_o man_n country_n and_o realm_n his_o own_o that_o god_n do_v fight_v against_o they_o in_o withdraw_v the_o wind_n that_o his_o father_n attempt_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o be_v hinder_v and_o inhibit_v therein_o that_o it_o be_v fatal_a to_o his_o family_n that_o aspire_v to_o thing_n above_o their_o power_n they_o shall_v find_v god_n opposite_a to_o they_o these_o speech_n bruit_v abroad_o which_o may_v enfeeble_v the_o strength_n and_o abate_v the_o courage_n even_o of_o valiant_a man_n the_o duke_n thereupon_o take_v counsel_n with_o his_o senator_n cause_v the_o corpse_n of_o st._n valerie_n to_o be_v bring_v forth_o to_o procure_v a_o wind_n other_o &_o present_o a_o prosperous_a gale_n fill_v their_o sail_n the_o duke_n himself_o first_o take_v ship_n and_o launch_v forth_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n after_o he_o then_o cast_v anchor_n till_o the_o fleet_n come_v round_o about_o he_o they_o all_o sail_v with_o a_o gentle_a course_n land_v at_o hastings_n and_o pevemsy_n the_o duke_n step_v forth_o of_o the_o ship_n upon_o the_o shore_n one_o of_o his_o foot_n slip_v so_o that_o he_o fall_v down_o into_o the_o mud_n one_o of_o his_o hand_n be_v fill_v with_o sand_n which_o he_o interpret_v as_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o sinister_a event_n but_o one_o of_o his_o soldier_n who_o stand_v next_o he_o lift_v he_o up_o from_o his_o fall_n while_o he_o hold_v the_o mud_n in_o his_o hand_n change_v this_o event_n into_o a_o better_a interpretation_n say_v most_o happy_a duke_n thou_o already_o possesse_v england_n and_o plowe_v it_o up_o behold_v the_o land_n be_v in_o thy_o hand_n lift_v up_o thyself_o with_o good_a hope_n thou_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n ere_o long_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o army_n land_v other_o but_o the_o king_n strict_o charge_v they_o to_o forbear_v plunder_v and_o take_v no_o booty_n see_v they_o ought_v to_o spare_v the_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v his_o own_o nor_o to_o wrong_v any_o of_o their_o person_n who_o shall_v ere_o long_o become_v his_o subject_n 137_o richard_n vestegan_n record_v out_o of_o a_o french_a historian_n that_o duke_n william_n the_o same_o day_n he_o land_v in_o england_n cause_v divers_a of_o his_o chief_a officer_n and_o friend_n to_o dine_v with_o he_o 3_o and_o chance_v at_o dinner_n to_o talk_v of_o a_o astrologer_n who_o by_o the_o conjunction_n of_o the_o planet_n have_v assure_v he_o at_o st._n valerie_n that_o harold_n shall_v never_o withstand_v he_o but_o submit_v himself_o unto_o he_o and_o yield_v he_o faith_n and_o homage_n will_v now_o that_o the_o say_a astrologer_n shall_v be_v bring_v unto_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v embark_v for_o that_o voyage_n but_o it_o be_v tell_v he_o that_o the_o ship_n wherein_o the_o say_a astrologer_n sail_v be_v cast_v away_o at_o sea_n anâ—_n he_o drown_v in_o it_o whereunto_o the_o duke_n reply_v that_o man_n be_v not_o wise_a who_o have_v more_o regard_n â—o_o the_o good_a or_o ill_a fortune_n of_o another_o than_o unto_o his_o own_o i_o be_o now_o thanks_o be_v to_o god_n come_v over_o i_o know_v not_o how_o the_o rest_n will_v succeed_v how_o false_a this_o stargazer_n prediction_n prove_v the_o sequel_n will_v manifest_v other_o duke_n william_n after_o his_o arrival_n rest_v quiet_o 15._o day_n without_o act_v any_o thing_n as_o if_o he_o mind_v nothing_o less_o than_o war_n after_o which_o to_o cut_v off_o all_o occasion_n or_o hope_n of_o return_n from_o his_o soldier_n he_o fire_v all_o his_o ship_n or_o as_o some_o write_v draw_v they_o all_o a_o shore_n and_o entrench_v they_o as_o other_o erect_v only_o a_o castle_n on_o the_o shore_n for_o a_o retire_a place_n for_o his_o soldier_n if_o need_n be_v from_o pevensy_n he_o march_v to_o hastings_n where_o he_o build_v another_o fort._n 1._o henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n record_n that_o the_o first_o night_n he_o lodge_v in_o england_n in_o his_o pavilion_n there_o come_v a_o voice_n unto_o he_o say_v william_n william_n be_v thou_o a_o good_a man_n because_o thou_o shall_v obtain_v the_o crown_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o shall_v be_v king_n of_o england_n and_o when_o thou_o shall_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n cause_n a_o church_n to_o be_v build_v in_o the_o same_o place_n in_o my_o name_n so_o many_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n as_o in_o number_n of_o year_n the_o seed_n of_o thy_o blood_n shall_v possess_v the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o reign_v in_o england_n a_o 150._o year_n but_o 440._o matthew_n westminster_n write_v this_o voice_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n with_o harold_n not_o before_o it_o and_o the_o subsequent_a word_n in_o knyghton_n touch_v his_o march_n to_o london_n import_v as_o much_o hayward_n harold_n reside_v in_o the_o north_n after_o his_o great_a victory_n there_o when_o he_o deem_v all_o his_o enemy_n total_o break_v in_o piece_n receive_v certain_a intelligence_n that_o duke_n william_n be_v safe_o arrive_v at_o pevensey_n with_o his_o fleet_n and_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o valiant_a horseman_n slinger_n archer_n and_o footman_n who_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o all_o france_n whereupon_o he_o present_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o great_a haste_n towards_o london_n and_o although_o he_o well_o know_v that_o most_o of_o the_o valiant_a man_n in_o all_o england_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o two_o late_a battle_n against_o tosti_n and_o the_o dane_n that_o many_o of_o the_o nobility_n and_o common_a soldier_n have_v quite_o desert_v he_o refuse_v to_o march_v with_o he_o in_o that_o necssity_n because_o he_o permit_v they_o not_o to_o share_v with_o he_o in_o the_o great_a booty_n they_o have_v win_v with_o their_o blood_n and_o that_o half_a his_o army_n wâ—re_v not_o come_v togethers_o yet_o he_o resolve_v forthwith_o to_o march_v into_o sussex_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v they_o with_o those_o small_a force_n tire_v he_o then_o have_v be_v most_o of_o they_o mercenary_n and_o stipendiaries_n except_o those_o english_a nobleman_n gentleman_n and_o freeman_n who_o
to_o wit_v the_o monastery_n call_v west-burgh_n the_o land_n whereof_o with_o the_o book_n the_o bishop_n then_o have_v as_o aethelfrick_n have_v before_o command_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n of_o worcester_n this_o bishop_n with_o 50_o mass_n priest_n and_o 160_o other_o priest_n deacon_n monk_n and_o abbot_n who_o name_n be_v record_v in_o the_o manuscript_n swear_v that_o this_o land_n and_o monastery_n be_v impropriate_v to_o his_o possession_n and_o church_n which_o oath_n with_o all_o these_o fellow_n swearer_n he_o be_v order_v to_o take_v at_o westminster_n and_o do_v it_o according_o after_o 30_o night_n respite_n whereupon_o it_o be_v ordain_v and_o decree_v by_o the_o archbishop_n &_o all_o the_o council_n consent_v with_o he_o that_o the_o bishop_n shall_v enjoy_v the_o monastery_n land_n and_o book_n to_o he_o and_o his_o church_n and_o so_o that_o suit_n be_v end_v and_o this_o decree_n pronounce_v thereupon_o qua_fw-la propter_fw-la si_fw-la quis_fw-la hunc_fw-la agrum_fw-la ab_fw-la illâ_fw-la ecclesiâ_fw-la in_o ceastre_n nititur_fw-la evellere_fw-la contra_fw-la decreta_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la canonum_fw-la sciat_fw-la se_fw-la facere_fw-la quia_fw-la sancti_fw-la canon_n decernunt_fw-la quicquâ—â—_n sancta_fw-la synodus_fw-la universalis_fw-la cum_fw-la catholico_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la svo_fw-la adjudicaverit_fw-la nullo_n modo_fw-la fractum_fw-la vel_fw-la irritum_fw-la esse_fw-la faciendum_fw-la haec_fw-la auâ—em_fw-la gesta_fw-la sunt_fw-la he_o sunt_fw-la testes_fw-la &_o confirmatores_fw-la huius_fw-la rei_fw-la quorum_fw-la nomina_fw-la hic_fw-la infrâ—_fw-la notantur_fw-la â—_o die_v tertio_fw-la calend_n novembrium_fw-la ego_fw-la beornulf_n rex_fw-la merciorum_fw-la hanc_fw-la chartulam_fw-la synodalis_fw-la decreti_fw-la signo_fw-la sanctae_fw-la christi_fw-la crucis_fw-la confirmavi_fw-la then_o follow_v the_o archbishop_n subscription_n and_o confirmation_n in_o like_a word_n with_o the_o subscription_n of_o sundry_a bishop_n abbot_n dâ—kes_n and_o noble_n be_v 32_o in_o number_n all_o ratify_v this_o decree_n â—33_n an._n 833._o 339._o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n athelwulfe_n his_o son_n witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n both_o the_o archbishop_n abbot_n cum_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la with_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o all_o england_n be_v all_o assemble_v together_o at_o london_n in_o a_o national_a parliamentary_a council_n pro_fw-la consilio_fw-la câ—piendo_fw-la contra_fw-la 10._o danicos_fw-la pirâ—tas_fw-la littora_fw-la angliae_fw-la assidne_fw-mi infestantes_fw-la to_o take_v counsel_n what_o to_o do_v against_o the_o danish_a pirate_n daily_o infest_v the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n in_o this_o council_n the_o charter_n of_o witlasius_fw-la king_n of_o mercian_n to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n where_o he_o be_v hide_v and_o secure_v from_o his_o enemy_n be_v make_v and_o ratify_v wherein_o he_o grant_v they_o many_o rich_a gift_n of_o plate_n gold_n silver_n land_n and_o the_o privilege_n of_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o all_o offender_n fly_v to_o it_o for_o shelter_n which_o grant_n can_v not_o be_v valid_a without_o a_o parliamentary_a confirmation_n for_o he_o be_v elect_a king_n omnium_fw-la consensu_fw-la after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o bernulf_n and_o ludican_n two_o invade_v tyrant_n cut_v off_o in_o a_o short_a time_n qui_fw-la contra_fw-la faâ—_n purpuram_fw-la induerent_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la vehementet_fw-la oppresso_fw-la totam_fw-la militiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la quae_fw-la quondam_a plurima_fw-la extiterat_fw-la &_o victoriosissima_fw-la sua_fw-la imprudentia_fw-la perdiderant_fw-la as_o ingulphus_n write_v be_v enforce_v to_o hold_v his_o kingdom_n from_o egbert_n king_n of_o westsaxon_n under_o a_o tribute_n and_o thereupon_o confer_v divers_a land_n by_o his_o charter_n to_o this_o abbey_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o his_o heir_n and_o successor_n king_n of_o mercia_n in_o perpetual_a and_o pure_a frankalmoigne_n quietae_fw-la &_o solutae_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la oneribus_fw-la secularibus_fw-la exactionibus_fw-la &_o vectigalibus_fw-la universis_fw-la quocunque_fw-la nomine_fw-la censeantur_fw-la that_o his_o grant_n may_v be_v sound_a and_o valid_a he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o have_v it_o confirm_v in_o â—â—is_n parliamentary_a council_n by_o the_o consent_n of_o king_n egbert_n and_o his_o son_n and_o of_o all_o the_o bishop_n abbotsâ—_n et_fw-la proceribus_fw-la majoribus_fw-la angliae_fw-la and_o the_o great_a noble_n of_o england_n theâ—e_n present_a most_o of_o they_o subscribe_v and_o ratify_v this_o charter_n with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n and_o their_o name_n about_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 838._o 838._o there_o be_v a_o parliamentary_a council_n hold_v at_o â—40_n kingston_n in_o which_o egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o his_o son_n aethelwulfe_n ceolnoth_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o noble_n of_o england_n be_v present_a among_o many_o thing_n there_o act_v and_o speak_v archbishop_n ceolnoth_n show_v before_o the_o whole_a council_n that_o the_o foresay_a king_n egbert_n and_o aeâ—helwulfe_n have_v give_v to_o christchurch_n the_o manor_n call_v malinge_n in_o suâ—â—ex_n free_a from_o all_o secular_a service_n and_o regal_a tribute_n 10._o except_v only_o these_o three_o expedition_z build_v of_o bridge_n and_o castle_n which_o foresay_a manor_n and_o land_n king_n baldred_n gâ—ve_v to_o christchurch_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la ille_fw-la rex_fw-la cunctis_fw-la principibus_fw-la non_fw-la placuit_fw-la noluerunt_fw-la donum_fw-la ejus_fw-la permanere_fw-la ratum_fw-la but_o because_o this_o king_n please_v not_o all_o his_o noble_n they_o will_v not_o that_o this_o his_o gift_n shall_v continue_v firm_a to_o which_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n add_v this_o marginal_a note_n rex_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la distrahere_fw-la patrimonium_fw-la regni_fw-la sine_fw-la assensu_fw-la procerum_fw-la wherefore_o the_o foresay_a king_n in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n with_o â—heir_a noble_n assent_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o say_a archbishop_n regranted_a and_o confirm_v it_o to_o christchurch_n with_o this_o anathema_n annex_v against_o the_o infringer_n of_o this_o grant_n if_o any_o shall_v presume_v to_o violate_v it_o on_o the_o behalf_n of_o god_n and_o of_o we_o king_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o all_o christian_n let_v he_o be_v separate_v from_o god_n and_o let_v his_o portion_n be_v with_o the_o devil_n and_o his_o angols_n â—47_z 343._o polydor_z virgil_n record_n that_o king_n athelwulfe_n in_o the_o year_n 847._o go_v in_o pilgrimage_n to_o rome_n repair_v the_o english_a school_n there_o late_o burn_v down_o and_o in_o imitation_n of_o king_n ina_n make_v that_o part_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o egbert_n his_o father_n have_v add_v tributary_n towards_o it_o legeque_fw-la sancivit_fw-la 1._o and_o enact_v by_o a_o law_n make_v in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n that_o those_o who_o receive_v 30_o penny_n rend_v every_o year_n out_o of_o their_o possession_n or_o have_v more_o house_n shall_v pay_v for_o those_o house_n they_o inhabit_v every_o of_o they_o a_o pennâ—_n a_o piece_n to_o the_o popâ—_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o this_o school_n at_o the_o feast_n of_o peter_n and_o paul_n or_o at_o least_o of_o st._n peter_n bond_n which_o law_n some_o write_v he_o though_o false_o ascribr_v to_o his_o son_n alfred_n which_o act_v other_o refer_v to_o the_o year_n 855_o or_o 857_o and_o that_o more_o true_o 850._o 85â—_n abbot_n ingulphus_n in_o his_o hist._n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n record_n that_o bertulf_n usurp_v the_o crown_n by_o the_o treacherous_a murder_n of_o his_o cousin_n st._n westan_n tantâ_fw-la ferebatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regnandum_fw-la ambitione_n pass_v by_o the_o abbey_n of_o â—royland_n most_o wicked_o and_o violent_o take_v away_o all_o the_o jewel_n plate_n and_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n 9.10_o which_o his_o bâ—other_n withlasius_n and_o other_o king_n have_v give_v to_o it_o together_o with_o all_o â—he_v money_n he_o can_v find_v in_o the_o monastery_n and_o hire_v soldier_n therewith_o against_o the_o dane_n then_o waste_v the_o country_n about_o london_n he_o be_v vanquish_v and_o put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o pagan_n whereupon_o this_o king_n soon_o after_o hold_v a_o great_a council_n at_o benningdon_n an._n 850._o with_o the_o prelate_n and_o noble_n of_o his_o whole_a realm_n of_o mercia_n there_o assemble_v about_o the_o dane_n invasion_n how_o to_o raiâ—e_v force_n and_o money_n to_o resist_v they_o as_o be_v most_o probable_a by_o our_o historian_n abbot_z siward_z and_o the_o monk_n of_o croyland_n therein_o complain_v before_o they_o all_o by_o askillus_n their_o fellow_n monk_n of_o certain_a injury_n malicious_o doâ—e_n unto_o they_o by_o their_o adversary_n who_o lie_v in_o waâ—t_n in_o the_o uttermost_a bank_n of_o their_o river_n do_v seize_v upon_o their_o servant_n be_v such_o as_o flee_v thither_o for_o sanctuary_n in_o case_n at_o any_o time_n they_o go_v out_o of_o their_o precinct_n never_o so_o little_a way_n either_o to_o fish_v or_o bring_v back_o their_o straggle_a sheep_n ox_n or_o other_o cattle_n as_o infringer_n of_o their_o sanctuary_n and_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o public_a law_n to_o their_o condemnation_n and_o destruction_n to_o
she_o the_o less_o for_o it_o since_o her_o weakness_n be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o king_n power_n and_o vow_v by_o god_n assistance_n speedy_o to_o avenge_v himself_o &_o she_o of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o indignity_n whereupon_o be_v a_o noble_a and_o very_a potent_a man_n of_o great_a parentage_n he_o call_v all_o his_o kinsman_n and_o the_o chief_a noble_n of_o his_o family_n to_o he_o with_o all_o speed_n and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o this_o dishonour_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o king_n say_v he_o will_v by_o all_o mean_n be_v avenge_v thereof_o and_o by_o their_o counsel_n and_o consent_n they_o go_v all_o together_o to_o york_n to_o the_o king_n who_o when_o he_o see_v bruern_v call_v he_o courteous_o to_o he_o but_o he_o guard_v with_o his_o kindred_n and_o friend_n present_o defy_v the_o king_n resign_v up_o to_o he_o his_o homage_n fealty_n land_n and_o what_o ever_o he_o hold_v of_o he_o say_v that_o he_o will_v never_o hold_v any_o thing_n of_o he_o hereafter_o as_o of_o his_o lord_n and_o so_o without_o more_o word_n or_o great_a stay_n instant_o depart_v and_o take_v leave_n of_o his_o friend_n go_v speedy_o into_o denmark_n and_o complain_v to_o codrinus_n king_n thereof_o of_o the_o indignity_n do_v by_o king_n osbrith_n to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n implore_v his_o aid_n and_o assistance_n speedy_o to_o revenge_v it_o he_o be_v extract_v out_o of_o his_o royal_a blood_n the_o king_n and_o dane_n hereupon_o be_v exceed_v glad_a that_o they_o have_v this_o induce_v cause_n to_o invade_v england_n present_o gather_v together_o a_o great_a army_n to_o revenge_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o bruern_n be_v of_o his_o blood_n appoint_v his_o two_o brother_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n most_o valiant_a soldier_n to_o be_v their_o general_n who_o provide_v ship_n and_o other_o necessary_n transport_v a_o innumerable_a army_n into_o england_n and_o land_v they_o in_o the_o northern_a part_n this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o the_o dane_n at_o this_o time_n invade_v england_n in_o this_o manner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o parent_n kindred_n and_o friend_n of_o bruern_n expel_v and_o reject_v king_n osbrith_n for_o this_o â—njury_n do_v to_o he_o and_o his_o lady_n 8_o refuse_v to_o hold_v their_o land_n of_o or_o to_o obey_v he_o any_o long_o as_o their_o sovereign_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n to_o be_v king_n though_o none_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n our_o other_o grafton_n historian_n who_o mention_v not_o this_o fact_n of_o osbrith_n and_o occasion_n of_o these_o dane_n arrival_n to_o revenge_v it_o write_z that_o the_o dane_n upon_o their_o land_n march_v to_o the_o city_n of_o york_n waste_v all_o the_o country_n before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n unto_o tinmouth_n at_o that_o time_n they_o write_v by_o the_o devil_n instinct_n there_o be_v a_o very_a great_a discord_n raise_v between_o the_o northumberlander_n sicut_fw-la â—emper_fw-la populo_fw-la qui_fw-la odium_fw-la incurrerit_fw-la evenire_fw-la solet_fw-la for_o the_o northumberlander_n at_o that_o time_n have_v expel_v their_o lawful_a king_n osbrith_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o advance_v one_o ella_n a_o tyrant_n not_o of_o the_o royal_a blood_n to_o the_o regal_a sovereignty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o reason_n of_o which_o division_n the_o dane_n take_v york_n run_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o blood_n and_o grief_n waste_v and_o burn_v all_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n far_o and_o near_o leave_v nothing_o stand_v but_o the_o wall_n and_o ruin_n of_o thom_n pillage_n depopulate_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o whole_a country_n in_o which_o great_a necessity_n and_o distress_n the_o northumberlander_n reconcile_n their_o two_o king_n osbrith_n and_o ella_n one_o to_o another_o gather_v a_o great_a army_n together_o against_o the_o dane_n which_o their_o two_o king_n and_o â—ight_a earl_n march_v with_o to_o york_n where_o 〈…〉_z long_o fight_v with_o various_a success_n both_o the_o say_a king_n with_o most_o of_o the_o northumberlander_n be_v all_o slainâ—_n â—_z aâ—ril_n 11._o anno_fw-la 867._o the_o city_n of_o york_n consume_v with_o fire_n and_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n make_v tributary_n to_o the_o dane_n 70._o simeon_n dunelmensis_n relate_v that_o both_o these_o king_n have_v violent_o &_o sacrilegious_o take_v away_o certain_a land_n from_o s._n cuthberts_n church_n in_o durham_n 4._o for_o osbrit_fw-mi have_v by_o a_o sacrilegious_a attempt_n take_v away_o wircewood_n and_o tillemouth_n and_o ella_n billingham_n heclif_n and_o wigeclif_n &_o creca_n from_o s._n cuthbert_n tandem_fw-la cum_fw-la maximâ_fw-la parte_fw-la suorum_fw-la ambo_fw-la praefati_fw-la reges_fw-la occubuerunt_fw-la &_o injurias_fw-la quas_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sancti_fw-la cuthberti_fw-la aliquando_fw-la irrogaverant_fw-la vitâ_fw-la privati_fw-la &_o regno_fw-la persolverunt_fw-la which_o the_o author_n of_o the_o history_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n observe_v and_o record_n more_o large_o as_o a_o punishment_n of_o their_o sacrilegious_a rapine_n the_o dane_n hereupon_o make_v egbert_n king_n of_o northumberland_n as_o a_o tributary_n and_o viceroy_n under_o they_o sic_fw-la northumbria_n bellico_fw-la jure_fw-la obtenta_fw-la barbarorum_fw-la dominium_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la tempore_fw-la pro_fw-la conscientiâ_fw-la libertatis_fw-la ingemuit_fw-la write_v malmesbury_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 3._o p._n 42._o these_o rebellious_a northumberlander_n about_o 7_o year_n after_o 8._o uno_fw-la conspirantes_fw-la consilio_fw-la expel_v egbert_n the_o realm_n by_o unanimous_a consent_n together_o with_o archbishop_n wilfer_n make_v one_o richius_n king_n in_o his_o place_n the_o dane_n both_o then_o and_o long_o after_o possess_v and_o waste_v their_o country_n and_o slaughter_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n as_o the_o 57_o marginal_a historian_n record_v more_o than_o any_o other_o part_n of_o the_o island_n by_o a_o just_a divine_a punishment_n for_o their_o manifold_a treason_n sedition_n faction_n rebellion_n against_o and_o murder_n of_o their_o sovereign_n 868._o in_o the_o year_n â—thelred_n 868._o a_o great_a army_n of_o these_o victorious_a plunder_v dane_n march_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n to_o nottingham_n which_o they_o take_v and_o there_o winter_v whereupon_o beorred_a or_o brâ—thred_v king_n of_o mercian_n omnesque_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la gentis_fw-la optimates_fw-la and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o that_o nation_n assemble_v together_o where_o the_o king_n consilium_fw-la habuit_fw-la cum_fw-la suis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o comilitonibus_fw-la &_o omni_fw-la populo_fw-la â—iâ—i_fw-la subjecto_fw-la qualiter_fw-la inimicos_fw-la bellicâ_fw-la virtute_fw-la exuperaretâ—_n sive_fw-la de_fw-la regno_fw-la expelleret_fw-la hold_v a_o council_n with_o his_o earl_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n and_o all_o the_o people_n subject_n to_o he_o 9_o how_o he_o may_v vanquish_v these_o enemy_n with_o military_a power_n or_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o ethelâ—ed_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxon_n and_o to_o his_o brother_n elfrid_n humble_o request_v they_o that_o they_o will_v assist_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o danish_a army_n which_o they_o easy_o condescen_v to_o gather_v a_o very_a great_a army_n together_o out_o of_o all_o part_n and_o join_v all_o together_o with_o beorred_a and_o his_o force_n march_v to_o nottingham_n unanimous_o with_o a_o a_o resolution_n to_o give_v the_o dane_n battle_n who_o shelter_v themselves_o under_o the_o work_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n refuse_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o town_n but_o be_v unable_a to_o break_v the_o wall_n they_o conclude_v a_o peace_n at_o last_o with_o the_o dane_n upon_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v relinquish_v the_o town_n and_o march_v back_o again_o inâ—o_o northumberland_n which_o they_o do_v where_o their_o army_n continue_v the_o whole_a year_n follow_v in_o &_o about_o york_n debacchaâ—s_n &_o insaniens_fw-la occidens_fw-la &_o perdens_fw-la perolurimos_fw-la viros_fw-la &_o muliâ—res_fw-la 864._o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o nottingham_n king_n beor_v as_o he_o style_v he_o at_o the_o request_n of_o earl_n algar_n the_o young_a who_o be_v veâ—y_o gracious_a with_o he_o and_o the_o other_o king_n causâ_fw-la suae_fw-la nobilis_fw-la militiae_fw-la grant_v a_o charter_n of_o confirmation_n not_o only_o of_o all_o the_o land_n advowsons_n possession_n 10.1_o which_o this_o earl_n with_o other_o particular_a person_n and_o king_n have_v give_v to_o the_o abbey_n of_o croyland_n but_o likewise_o of_o all_o their_o former_a privilege_n confirm_v all_o their_o land_n marsh_n church_n chapel_n manor_n mansion_n cottage_n wood_n land_n meadow_n therein_o specify_v to_o god_n and_o saint_n guthlac_n for_o ever_o libera_n &_o soluta_fw-la &_o emancipata_fw-la ab_fw-la omni_fw-la onere_fw-la â—erreno_fw-la &_o servitio_fw-la seculari_fw-la in_o eleemâ—synam_n aeternam_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la possidendam_fw-la which_o charter_n have_v â—â—is_o memorable_a exordium_n express_v the_o motive_n
torture_v they_o to_o discover_v where_o their_o treasure_n be_v break_v up_o all_o the_o tomb_n pillage_v and_o burn_v the_o abbey_n with_o all_o the_o edifice_n thereof_o leave_v it_o a_o mere_a ruinous_a heap_n then_o march_v on_o lay_v all_o the_o country_n waste_v before_o they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n spare_v neither_o person_n age_n nor_o sex_n they_o cast_v down_o burn_v destroy_v and_o level_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o goodly_a monastery_n of_o bradney_n peterborough_n huntingdon_n ely_n with_o sundry_a other_o murder_v as_o well_o all_o the_o monk_n as_o nun_n therein_o which_o their_o merciless_a sword_n after_o they_o have_v first_o pollute_v they_o to_o avoid_v who_o barbarous_a rape_n 383._o ebba_n abbess_n of_o coldingham_n and_o her_o nun_n by_o her_o example_n and_o persuasion_n cut_v off_o their_o upper_a lip_n and_o nose_n to_o deform_v themselves_o to_o their_o lascivious_a eye_n which_o bloody_a spectacle_n preserve_v their_o chastity_n from_o their_o lust_n but_o not_o their_o monastery_n or_o body_n from_o their_o cruelty_n they_o burn_v they_o and_o their_o nunnery_n to_o ash_n 870._o 2.4_o after_o which_o the_o same_o year_n inguar_n and_o hubba_n march_v against_o st._n edmund_n who_o in_o the_o year_n 855._o be_v choose_v king_n of_o the_o east-saxons_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la regionis_fw-la illius_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la et_fw-la populis_fw-la by_o all_o the_o nobless_a and_o people_n of_o that_o realm_n be_v spring_v from_o the_o ancient_a royal_a blood_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o compel_v to_o take_v the_o government_n on_o he_o much_o against_o his_o will_n be_v then_o but_o 13_o year_n old_a and_o consecrate_a king_n by_o bishop_n humbert_n in_o the_o royal_a town_n call_v bury_v the_o reason_n of_o their_o malice_n to_o this_o king_n as_o some_o of_o our_o historian_n write_v be_v this_o that_o he_o be_v malicious_o accuse_v to_o have_v murder_v their_o father_n lothbroc_n drive_v by_o a_o sudden_a storm_n in_o a_o small_a boat_n into_o england_n as_o he_o be_v hawk_v at_o fowl_n by_o this_o king_n faulkoner_n who_o have_v murder_v himself_o out_o of_o mere_a malice_n be_v by_o judgement_n of_o the_o knight_n and_o lawyer_n banish_v the_o realm_n and_o put_v alone_o into_o lothbrocs_n boat_n without_o oâ—re_n or_o sail_n for_o murder_v he_o and_o so_o send_v to_o sea_n be_v drive_v in_o it_o into_o denmark_n to_o excuse_v himself_o he_o malicious_o accuse_v the_o king_n of_o this_o murder_n to_o these_o his_o son_n who_o thereupon_o invade_v england_n with_o a_o army_n to_o revenge_v their_o father_n death_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o they_o at_o this_o time_n so_o extraordinary_o prevail_v aâ—d_v overrun_v the_o land_n be_v the_o civil_a discord_n war_n and_o emulation_n among_o the_o saxon_a king_n who_o either_o out_o of_o malice_n or_o ambition_n to_o advance_v their_o own_o dominion_n or_o base_a unworthy_a fear_n will_v rather_o induce_v these_o common_a enemy_n to_o overrun_v they_o than_o assist_v one_o another_o against_o they_o which_o 42._o william_n of_o malmesburie_n thus_o express_v meminerit_fw-la interea_fw-la lector_n quod_fw-la interim_n reges_fw-la merciorum_fw-la et_fw-la northanimbrorum_fw-la captata_fw-la occasione_n â—dventus_fw-la danorum_fw-la quorum_fw-la bellis_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la iâ—sudabat_fw-la a_o servitio_fw-la west-saxonum_n respirantes_fw-la dominaâ—ionem_fw-la svam_fw-la penè_fw-la asseruerant_fw-la ardebant_fw-la ergo_fw-la cunctae_fw-la saevis_fw-la popularibus_fw-la provinciae_fw-la unusquisque_fw-la regum_fw-la inimicos_fw-la magis_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la sedibus_fw-la sustinere_fw-la quam_fw-la compatrioâ—is_fw-la laborantibus_fw-la opem_fw-la porrigere_fw-la curabat_fw-la ita_fw-la dum_fw-la maluit_fw-la vindicare_fw-la quam_fw-la praevenire_fw-la injuriam_fw-la socordiâ_fw-la suâ_fw-la exanguem_fw-la reddiderunt_fw-la patriam_fw-la dani_n sine_fw-la obstaculo_fw-la succressere_fw-la dum_fw-la et_fw-la provincialibus_fw-la timor_fw-la incresceret_fw-la et_fw-la proxima_fw-la quaeq_fw-la victoria_fw-la per_fw-la additamentum_fw-la captiâ—orum_fw-la instrumentum_fw-la sequentis_fw-la fieret_fw-la etc._n etc._n northanimbri_n jamdudâ—m_fw-la civilibus_fw-la dissentionibus_fw-la â—luctuantes_n adventante_fw-la host_n correxerunt_fw-la discordiam_fw-la itaque_fw-la osbirthum_fw-la regem_fw-la quem_fw-la expulerant_fw-la in_fw-la solium_fw-la reformaâ—tes_fw-la magnosque_fw-la moliti_fw-la paratus_fw-la obviam_fw-la procâ—dunt_fw-la sed_fw-la facilè_fw-la pulsi_fw-la infra_fw-la urbem_fw-la eboracum_n se_fw-la includunt_fw-la quâ_fw-la mox_fw-la à _fw-la victoribus_fw-la succensâ_fw-la cum_fw-la laxos_fw-la crines_fw-la effusior_fw-la flamma_fw-la produceret_fw-la tota_fw-la depascens_fw-la maenia_fw-la ipsi_fw-la quoque_fw-la conflagrati_fw-la patriam_fw-la ossibus_fw-la texêre_fw-la suis_fw-la mercii_n non_fw-la semel_fw-la obtriti_fw-la obsidatu_fw-la miserias_fw-la svas_fw-la levaverunt_fw-la at_o vero_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la multis_fw-la laboribus_fw-la infractus_fw-la obiit_fw-la orientalium_fw-la anglorum_fw-la pagi_fw-la cum_fw-la urbibus_fw-la et_fw-la vicis_fw-la à _fw-la praedonibus_fw-la possessi_fw-la rex_fw-la eorum_fw-la sanctus_fw-la edmundus_n ab_fw-la eisdem_fw-la interemptust_fw-la anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 870._o 12_o calendas_fw-la decembris_fw-la temporaneae_fw-la mortis_fw-la compendio_fw-la regnum_fw-la emit_fw-la aeternum_fw-la the_o manner_n of_o king_n edmund_n martyrdom_n 3._o historian_n thus_o relate_v an._n 870._o hinguar_n king_n of_o the_o dane_n invade_v king_n edmund_n realm_n with_o a_o great_a power_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o king_n edmund_n to_o demand_v the_o half_a of_o his_o treasure_n and_o wealth_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v hold_v his_o realm_n under_o he_o threaten_v otherwise_o to_o waste_v his_o kingdom_n and_o extirpate_v he_o and_o his_o people_n sed_fw-la nimis_fw-la fraudulentèr_fw-la hinguar_n thesauros_fw-la exigebat_fw-la qui_fw-la clementissimi_fw-la regis_fw-la caput_fw-la potius_fw-la quam_fw-la pecuntas_fw-la sitiebat_fw-la write_v 370._o matthew_n westminster_n where_o upon_o bishop_n humbeâ—t_n advise_v he_o to_o fly_v â—rom_o the_o dane_n who_o approach_v with_o their_o force_n towards_o he_o to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o king_n wisheâ—_n will_v to_o god_n that_o i_o may_v preserve_v the_o life_n of_o my_o subject_n for_o who_o i_o desire_v to_o lay_v down_o my_o life_n for_o this_o be_v my_o chief_a wish_n that_o i_o may_v not_o survive_v my_o faithful_a subject_n and_o most_o dear_a friend_n which_o this_o cruâ—l_a pirate_n have_v thievish_o slay_v neither_o will_v i_o stain_v my_o glory_n by_o slâ—ght_n who_o never_o yet_o sustain_v the_o reproach_n of_o waâ—re_n the_o heavenly_a king_n also_o be_v my_o witness_n that_o no_o fear_n of_o the_o barbarian_n shall_v separate_v i_o from_o the_o love_n of_o christ_n whether_o live_v or_o dead_a then_o turn_v to_o the_o messenger_n of_o hinguar_n he_o say_v thou_o be_v worthy_a to_o suffer_v the_o punishment_n of_o death_n be_v wâ—t_v with_o the_o blood_n of_o my_o people_n but_o imitate_v the_o example_n of_o my_o christ_n if_o it_o shall_v so_o happen_v i_o be_o not_o afraid_a willing_o to_o die_v for_o they_o return_v therefore_o speedy_o to_o thy_o master_n and_o carry_v my_o answer_n to_o he_o although_o thou_o take_v away_o my_o treasure_n and_o riches_n whiâ—h_v the_o divine_a clemency_n have_v give_v i_o by_o thy_o power_n yet_o thou_o shall_v never_o subject_v i_o to_o thy_o infidelity_n for_o it_o be_v a_o honest_a thing_n to_o defend_v perpetual_a liberty_n together_o with_o purity_n of_o religion_n for_o which_o also_o if_o there_o be_v need_n we_o think_v it_o not_o unprofitable_a to_o die_v therefore_o as_o thy_o proud_a cruâ—lâ—y_n have_v begin_v after_o the_o servant_n slaughter_n cut_v thou_o the_o king_n throatâ—_n because_o the_o king_n of_o king_n see_v these_o thing_n 8._o will_v translate_v i_o into_o heaven_n there_o to_o reign_v eternal_o the_o messenger_n depart_v the_o king_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n aâ—firmingâ—_n that_o it_o be_v a_o worthy_a thing_n to_o fight_v both_o for_o their_o faith_n and_o country_n nota._n leâ—t_v they_o shall_v prove_v deserver_n of_o their_o realm_n and_o betrayer_n of_o the_o people_n and_o be_v encourage_v by_o bishop_n humbert_n his_o noble_n and_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o near_o thedford_n fight_v a_o bloody_a battle_n with_o the_o dane_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n the_o place_n be_v all_o die_v red_a with_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o slay_v aâ—_n which_o grievoâ—â—â—ight_a king_n edmund_n be_v much_o grieve_v not_o only_o for_o the_o great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o own_o soldier_n â—ightâ—ing_v for_o their_o country_n &_o native_a liberty_n &_o the_o faith_n of_o jesus_n christ_n &_o so_o already_o â—rouned_v with_o martyrdom_n but_o likewise_o for_o the_o death_n of_o the_o barbarous_a infidel_n send_v down_o to_o hell_n in_o great_a number_n which_o he_o overmuch_o lament_v after_o which_o battle_n retire_v to_o hegelsdun_n with_o his_o force_n that_o be_v leave_v he_o immutable_o resolve_v in_o his_o mind_n never_o to_o fight_v battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n more_o say_v only_o this_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o he_o alone_o shall_v die_v for_o the_o people_n and_o not_o the_o whole_a nation_n perish_v soon_o after_o hinguars_n army_n be_v recrute_v by_o the_o access_n of_o hubba_n to_o
and_o other_o officer_n nor_o burden_v with_o unjust_a exaction_n or_o contribution_n yea_o by_o his_o large_a aâ—mes_n and_o giâ—â—s_v he_o â—ent_v to_o romeâ—_n â—_z 1_o he_o procure_v the_o english_a school_n to_o be_v free_v from_o all_o tax_n and_o tribute_n by_o the_o pope_n special_a bull._n and_o we_o never_o read_v he_o impose_v the_o least_o public_a tax_n upon_o his_o subject_n during_o all_o his_o war_n and_o exigence_n by_o his_o own_o regal_a power_n upon_o any_o pretext_n of_o public_a necessity_n danger_n defence_n or_o safety_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o numerous_a invade_v plunder_v danish_a force_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n which_o our_o late_a and_o present_a egyptian_a tax-master_n may_v do_v well_o to_o consider_v 894._o 23._o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 894._o this_o king_n alfred_n and_o guthurn_n the_o dane_n give_v to_o the_o church_n of_o st._n cuthbert_n in_o durham_n all_o the_o land_n between_o weor_n and_o tyne_n for_o a_o perpetual_a succession_n free_a from_o all_o custom_n and_o secular_a service_n 10._o with_o all_o custom_n saca_n and_o socua_n and_o infaugtheof_o thereunto_o belong_v with_o sundry_a other_o privilege_n which_o they_o ordain_v to_o be_v perpetual_o observe_v non_fw-la solum_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la danorum_fw-la consentiente_fw-la et_fw-la collaudante_fw-la exercitu_fw-la by_o the_o consent_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o army_n not_o only_o of_o the_o english_a but_o dane_n also_o have_v leges_fw-la &_o haec_fw-la statuta_fw-la which_o prove_v that_o it_o be_v do_v by_o a_o parliamentary_a counsel_n then_o hold_v in_o both_o their_o army_n quicunque_fw-la quolibet_fw-la nisu_fw-la infringere_fw-la praesumpserint_fw-la eos_fw-la in_o perpetuum_fw-la nisi_fw-la emendaverint_fw-la gehennae_fw-la ignibus_fw-la puniendos_fw-la anathematizando_fw-la sententia_fw-la omnium_fw-la contradidit_fw-la i_o pretermit_v the_o 387._o welsh_a synod_n hold_v under_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n during_o king_n alfred_n reign_v as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n conjectureâ—_n in_o who_o thâ—_n reader_n may_v peruse_v they_o wherein_o the_o bishop_n of_o landaff_n and_o his_o clergy_n excommunicate_v some_o of_o their_o petty_a welsh_a king_n for_o murder_n perjury_n violate_v the_o church_n patrimony_n and_o injure_v the_o bishop_n family_n who_o upon_o their_o repentance_n and_o reconciliation_n give_v all_o of_o they_o some_o parcel_n of_o land_n to_o the_o church_n of_o landaff_n the_o rather_o because_o i_o conceive_v they_o fabulous_a there_o be_v no_o such_o form_n of_o excommunication_n use_v in_o those_o day_n as_o 3â—0_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n prove_v nor_o any_o such_o episcopal_a synod_n hold_v in_o england_n under_o king_n alfred_n himself_o the_o barbarous_a dane_n have_v throughout_o all_o england_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n utter_o waste_v and_o destroy_v all_o city_n town_n castle_n monastery_n church_n put_v most_o of_o the_o bishop_n abbot_n clergy_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o almost_o quite_o delete_v the_o knowledge_n of_o learning_n and_o religion_n out_o of_o the_o whole_a nation_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o spiritual_a person_n on_o this_o side_n humber_n who_o can_v either_o understand_v the_o common_a prayer_n in_o the_o english_a tongue_n or_o translate_v any_o writing_n out_o of_o latin_a into_o english_a yea_o so_o few_o that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o one_o man_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o thames_n that_o can_v do_v it_o till_o king_n alfred_n after_o his_o conquest_n of_o the_o dane_n in_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o his_o reign_n restore_v learn_v and_o religion_n â—gain_o by_o degree_n as_o this_o king_n himself_o record_v in_o express_a term_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o bishop_n wulsug_n by_o way_n of_o preface_n to_o his_o own_o translation_n of_o gregory_n pastoral_n into_o the_o english_a saxon_n language_n king_n alfred_n decease_a his_o son_n edward_n surname_v the_o elder_a 901._o 925._o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 901_o thereupon_o prince_n aethelwald_n his_o uncle_n son_n aspire_v to_o the_o crown_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o king_n and_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n seize_v upon_o oxlie_n and_o winburne_n whereupon_o king_n edward_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o he_o to_o bath_n he_o flee_v from_o winburne_n to_o the_o dane_n in_o northumberland_n for_o assistance_n who_o be_v glad_a thereof_o they_o all_o make_v he_o king_n and_o prince_n over_o all_o their_o king_n and_o captain_n whereupon_o they_o invade_v essex_n and_o mercia_n king_n ed._n raise_v a_o great_a army_n chase_v they_o into_o northumberland_n and_o harrow_v the_o whole_a country_n to_o the_o lake_n of_o northumberland_n where_o the_o kentishman_n remain_v contrary_a to_o the_o king_n command_n and_o messenger_n send_v to_o they_o after_o the_o retreat_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n the_o danish_a army_n upon_o this_o advantage_n set_v upon_o they_o they_o gallant_o defend_v themselves_o slay_v their_o new_a king_n aethelwald_n with_o king_n eorit_n and_o sundry_a of_o their_o chief_a commander_n and_o many_o of_o their_o soldier_n though_o they_o lose_v the_o field_n this_o king_n and_o edelfle_v his_o sister_n queen_n of_o mercian_n to_o prevent_v the_o frequent_a eruption_n plunder_v the_o dane_n repair_v many_o old_a ruinate_a town_n and_o build_v many_o new_a one_o in_o convenient_a place_n which_o they_o replenish_v with_o soldier_n to_o protect_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o repel_v the_o enemy_n whereby_o the_o common_a people_n weâ—e_v so_o encourage_v and_o become_v such_o good_a soldier_n that_o if_o they_o hear_v of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n they_o will_v fight_v and_o rout_n they_o rege_fw-la etiam_fw-la &_o ducibus_fw-la inconsultis_fw-la in_o certamen_fw-la ruerent_fw-la 3_o eisque_fw-la semper_fw-la numero_fw-la &_o scientia_fw-la praeliandi_fw-la praeâ—â—arent_fw-la it_o a_o host_n contempâ—ni_fw-la militibus_fw-la regi_fw-la risui_fw-la erant_fw-la as_o malmesbury_n write_v the_o country_n people_n themselves_o sight_v with_o the_o dane_n at_o ligetune_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n recover_v all_o the_o prey_n they_o have_v takend_v and_o likewise_o the_o dane_n horse_n as_o they_o likewise_o do_v in_o some_o other_o part_n among_o other_o place_n this_o king_n repair_v the_o wall_n of_o colchester_n put_v warlike_a man_n in_o it_o &_o certum_fw-la eye_v stipendium_fw-la assignavit_fw-la and_o assign_v they_o a_o certain_a stipend_n as_o matâ—_n westm._n record_v neither_o he_o nor_o other_o our_o historian_n make_v mention_n of_o assign_a wage_n to_o any_o other_o garrison_n or_o soldier_n in_o that_o age_n at_o last_o the_o dane_n in_o most_o place_n throughout_o england_n perceive_v king_n edward_n power_n and_o wisdom_n submit_v themselves_o unto_o he_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n and_o patâ—on_n and_o swear_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o he_o as_o likewise_o do_v the_o king_n of_o scotland_n northumberland_n and_o wales_n 905._o in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 905._o this_o 5._o king_n edward_n assemble_v a_o synod_n of_o the_o senator_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n as_o malmesbury_n or_o a_o great_a council_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o faithful_a people_n as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o sâ—ile_v it_o in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o gewisii_fw-la which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o enemy_n incursion_n have_v be_v destitute_a of_o a_o bishop_n for_o 7_o year_n space_n whereupon_o the_o king_n and_o bishop_n in_o this_o council_n take_v good_a advice_n make_v this_o wholesome_a constitution_n that_o instead_o of_o 2_o bishop_n whereof_o one_o have_v his_o sea_n at_o winchester_n the_o other_o at_o schireburn_n 5_o bishop_n shall_v be_v create_v ne_o grex_n domini_fw-la absque_fw-la cura_fw-la pastorali_fw-la luporum_fw-la incursionibus_fw-la quateretur_fw-la whereupon_o they_o in_o this_o council_n elect_v 5_o bishop_n to_o wit_n frithstan_n for_o winchester_n athelin_n for_o schireburn_n aedulâ—e_v for_o well_n werstan_n for_o crideton_n and_o herstan_n for_o cornwall_n assign_v they_o their_o several_a see_v and_o diocese_n and_o two_o other_o â—ishops_n â—or_a dorchester_n and_o cirencester_n all_o consecrate_a by_o archbishop_n plegmond_n at_o câ—nterbury_n in_o one_o day_n wil._n of_o malmesb._n and_o some_o other_o write_v that_o this_o council_n be_v summon_v upon_o the_o letter_n of_o pope_n formosus_fw-la 6._o who_o excommunicate_v king_n edward_n with_o all_o his_o subject_n for_o suffer_v the_o bishopric_n of_o winton_n and_o scireburn_n to_o be_v void_a for_o 7_o year_n space_n together_o but_o this_o must_v needs_o be_v a_o great_a mistake_n since_o pope_n formosus_fw-la be_v dead_a ten_o year_n before_o this_o council_n and_o before_o these_o bishopric_n become_v void_a and_o his_o pretend_a epistle_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o england_n make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o the_o king_n as_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n well_o observe_v in_o the_o year_n 906._o 921._o 921._o king_n edward_n make_v a_o peace_n and_o firm_a agreement_n with_o the_o dane_n of_o northumberland_n and_o east-england_n at_o intingford_n when_o as_o some_o think_v he_o and_o
confidimus_fw-la quod_fw-la pax_fw-la nostra_fw-la melior_fw-la erit_fw-la quam_fw-la antea_fw-la fuit_fw-la as_o these_o passage_n demonstrate_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o parliamenrary_a council_n in_o that_o age_n unknown_a to_o most_o for_o which_o end_n i_o have_v transcribe_v they_o at_o large_a so_o they_o clear_o prove_v that_o thief_n or_o felon_n much_o less_o other_o english_a freeman_n can_v not_o be_v imprison_v kill_v put_v to_o death_n fine_v or_o ransom_v but_o by_o special_a act_n 6._o and_o law_n make_v in_o general_n parliamentary_a council_n nor_o any_o law_n make_v enact_v or_o alter_v in_o such_o council_n but_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a assent_n thereto_o who_o then_o frequent_o summon_v thâ—m_n and_o all_o the_o member_n of_o they_o by_o writ_n and_o nomination_n without_o the_o people_n election_n henry_n de_fw-fr knyghton_n de_fw-fr eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 5._o anâ—_n warwick_n some_o other_o fabulous_a author_n relate_v 932._o that_o in_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o king_n aethelstans_n reign_n olaus_n king_n of_o denmark_n golanus_fw-la king_n of_o norwey_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n with_o 8_o duke_n and_o 5_o hundred_o thousand_o soldier_n arrive_v in_o england_n 10._o bring_v with_o they_o out_o of_o africa_n a_o giant_n call_v colybrand_n the_o strong_a and_o most_o famous_a at_o that_o time_n throughout_o the_o world_n whereupon_o king_n aethelstan_n hear_v of_o their_o come_n congregavit_fw-la magnates_fw-la assemble_v his_o nobleman_n at_o winchester_n to_o advice_n with_o they_o how_o they_o may_v resist_v the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v with_o they_o in_o battle_n thaâ—_n while_o king_n aethelstan_n vacaret_fw-la tali_fw-la coneilio_fw-la et_fw-la congregatione_fw-la poâ—uli_fw-la svi_fw-la in_o wintonia_n the_o foresay_a king_n come_v upon_o he_o with_o their_o army_n and_o besiege_v he_o cum_fw-la baronia_fw-la sua_fw-la with_o his_o baton_n in_o that_o city_n for_o two_o year_n space_n neither_o dare_v the_o english_a fight_n with_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o multitude_n and_o power_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o make_v this_o agreement_n that_o king_n aethelstan_n shall_v find_v out_o one_o champion_n to_o fight_v a_o single_a duel_n with_o colybrand_n that_o in_o all_o future_a time_n the_o realm_n of_o england_n shall_v be_v hold_v of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n under_o a_o tribute_n and_o if_o colybrand_n be_v conquer_v by_o aethelstans_n champion_n rhen_n olaus_n shall_v forfeit_v and_o disclaim_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o no_o king_n of_o denmark_n shall_v afterward_o lay_v claim_n to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n nor_o yet_o molest_v it_o that_o the_o king_n in_o near_a one_o whole_a year_n space_n can_v not_o find_v out_o a_o champion_n to_o encounter_v colybrand_n whereupon_o he_o and_o his_o noble_n be_v very_o much_o trouble_v at_o lasâ—_n god_n by_o a_o angel_n from_o heaven_n direct_v the_o king_n to_o find_v out_o guy_n of_o warwick_n come_v thither_o as_o a_o pilgrim_n who_o undertake_v to_o encounter_v colybrand_n and_o after_o a_o sharp_a battle_n with_o he_o in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o king_n and_o their_o army_n cut_v off_o one_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o after_o that_o his_o head_n by_o which_o victory_n the_o whole_a land_n of_o england_n enjoy_v the_o unviolated_a privilege_n of_o rest_n and_o liberty_n from_o the_o danish_a king_n until_o cnute_n king_n of_o denmark_n gain_v the_o realm_n of_o england_n from_o edmund_n ironside_n but_o this_o relation_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o truth_n of_o history_n and_o the_o stream_n of_o all_o our_o historiographer_n i_o shall_v repute_v it_o mere_o fabulous_a though_o i_o can_v not_o well_o omit_v it_o for_o that_o relation_n it_o have_v to_o this_o my_o theme_n anâ—_n precedent_a proposition_n 378._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o out_o of_o he_o record_n that_o elfrid_n a_o noble_a man_n who_o oppose_v aethelstans_n title_n to_o the_o crown_n though_o in_o vain_a intend_v to_o have_v seize_v on_o he_o at_o winchester_n and_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n but_o his_o treason_n be_v discover_v before_o it_o come_v to_o the_o accomplishment_n he_o be_v take_v and_o send_v to_o rome_n to_o purge_v himself_o by_o oath_n where_o before_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o pope_n john_n the_o 10_o the_o he_o abjure_v the_o fact_n and_o thereupon_o fall_v sudden_o down_o dead_a to_o the_o earth_n and_o be_v carry_v from_o before_o the_o altar_n by_o his_o servant_n to_o the_o english_a school_n he_o there_o die_v within_o three_o day_n after_o 10._o upon_o this_o the_o poâ—e_a â—ent_n to_o â—he_n king_n to_o advise_v what_o he_o shall_v do_v with_o he_o and_o â—hether_o he_o shall_v allow_v he_o burial_n with_o other_o christiaâ—_n câ—rps_v the_o king_n hereupon_o assemble_v a_o council_n of_o his_o noble_n to_o advise_v about_o it_o optimates_fw-la regionisâ—_n â—_z the_o noble_n of_o the_o realm_n with_o a_o great_a company_n of_o elfrids_n kindred_n earnest_o request_v of_o the_o king_n with_o great_a humility_n that_o his_o body_n may_v be_v commit_v to_o christian_a burial_n the_o king_n consent_v to_o their_o request_n acquaint_v the_o pope_n therewith_o who_o grant_v he_o christian_a burial_n though_o unworthy_a hereupon_o the_o noble_n adjudge_v all_o his_o land_n and_o possession_n great_a and_o small_a to_o the_o king_n who_o by_o their_o consent_n 6.10_o grant_v and_o confirm_v they_o all_o to_o the_o abbey_n of_o malmesbury_n by_o his_o charter_n wherein_o he_o recite_v sciant_fw-la sapientes_fw-la regionis_fw-la nostrae_fw-la non_fw-la have_v praefatas_fw-la terras_fw-la i_o injustè_fw-fr rapuisse_fw-la rapinamque_fw-la deo_fw-la dedicasse_fw-la sed_fw-la sic_fw-la eas_fw-la accepi_fw-la quemadmodum_fw-la judicaverunt_fw-la omnes_fw-la optimates_fw-la regni_fw-la anglorum_fw-la insuper_fw-la et_fw-la apostolicus_n papa_n romanae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la johannes_n after_o which_o recite_v the_o treachery_n perjury_n and_o death_n of_o elfred_n with_o his_o condescension_n to_o his_o noble_n and_o friend_n request_v aforesaid_a he_o conclude_v thus_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la adjudicata_fw-la est_fw-la mihi_fw-la tota_fw-la possessio_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o magnis_fw-la et_fw-la modicis_fw-la sed_fw-la et_fw-la haec_fw-la apicibus_fw-la praenotamus_fw-la literarum_fw-la ne_fw-fr quamdin_fw-fr christianitas_fw-la regnat_fw-la aboleatur_fw-la unde_fw-la mihi_fw-la praefata_fw-la possessio_fw-la quam_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la sancto_fw-it peiro_n dedi_fw-la donatur_fw-la nec_fw-la justius_fw-la novi_fw-la quam_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la sancto_fw-la peiro_n hanc_fw-la possessionem_fw-la dare_v qâ—i_fw-la aemulum_fw-la meum_fw-la in_o conspectu_fw-la omnium_fw-la cadere_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la et_fw-la mihi_fw-la prosperitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la largiti_fw-la sunt_fw-la to_o which_o malmesbury_n subjoin_v in_o his_o verbis_fw-la regis_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la et_fw-la pietatem_fw-la ejus_fw-la in_o dei_fw-la rebus_fw-la suspicere_fw-la par_fw-fr est_fw-la sapientiam_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la animadverterat_fw-la juvenis_fw-la presertim_fw-la non_fw-la esse_fw-la dei_fw-la gratiosum_fw-la de_fw-la rapinâ_fw-la holocaustum_fw-la pietatem_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la munus_fw-la ultione_fw-la divinâ—_n collatum_fw-la deo_fw-la potissimum_fw-la non_fw-la ingratus_fw-la rependeret_fw-la from_o whence_o i_o shall_v only_o observe_v that_o elsrid_a be_v a_o pâ—er_n of_o the_o realm_n die_v perjure_v as_o aforesaid_a be_v adjudge_v to_o forfeit_v all_o his_o land_n for_o treason_n after_o his_o death_n only_o by_o his_o peer_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n and_o that_o iâ—_n the_o king_n have_v seize_v on_o they_o without_o their_o judgement_n it_o have_v be_v a_o unjust_a rapine_n by_o his_o own_o confession_n but_o be_v legal_o confiscate_v to_o he_o by_o their_o judgement_n it_o be_v no_o rapine_n but_o justice_n for_o he_o to_o seizeâ—_n and_o piety_n to_o dispose_v of_o they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n to_o this_o church_n what_o church_n and_o monastery_n he_o build_v and_o repair_v throughout_o the_o realm_n what_o land_n he_o restore_v to_o st._n augustine_n church_n at_o canterbury_n on_o the_o day_n of_o his_o coronation_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o his_o bishop_n and_o noble_n though_o long_o detain_v from_o it_o and_o how_o he_o give_v the_o land_n of_o folcastan_n in_o kent_n escheat_v by_o the_o dane_n destruction_n of_o the_o nunnery_n there_o to_o christchurch_n in_o canterbury_n you_o may_v read_v in_o the_o etc._n marginal_a author_n 878._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n inform_v we_o that_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n send_v ambassador_n by_o hugh_n king_n of_o france_n to_o king_n ethelstan_n to_o demand_v his_o sister_n for_o his_o wife_n bring_v over_o with_o he_o divers_a rich_a present_n and_o relic_n among_o other_o the_o sword_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a the_o lance_z of_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o one_o of_o the_o 4_o nail_n that_o pierce_v our_o saviour_n body_n set_v in_o plate_n of_o gold_n a_o piece_n of_o our_o saviour_n cross_n enclose_v in_o a_o crystal_n case_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o he_o present_v to_o the_o king_n and_o lady_n come_v in_o conventu_fw-la procerum_fw-la apud_fw-la abindonium_fw-la proci_fw-la postulata_fw-la
relate_v that_o king_n ethelred_n can_v not_o redress_v the_o euâ—ls_n occasion_v by_o the_o prosperous_a dane_n success_n who_o lie_v in_o the_o land_n like_o unto_o grasshopper_n his_o strength_n be_v small_a and_o his_o subject_n affection_n lâ—ss_n 9_o therefore_o call_v to_o counsel_v the_o statesman_n and_o peer_n demand_v their_o advice_n what_o be_v best_a to_o be_v do_v some_o few_o of_o these_o proffer_v the_o king_n their_o assistance_n but_o more_o of_o they_o persuade_v to_o a_o composition_n whereof_o siricius_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n be_v chief_a and_o in_o fine_a ten_o thousand_o pound_n pay_v to_o the_o dane_n for_o their_o departure_n this_o golden_a mine_n once_o enter_v be_v more_o eager_o dig_v into_o by_o those_o still-thirsting_a dane_n who_o find_v the_o branch_n so_o beneficial_a at_o first_o hope_v the_o vein_n in_o follow_v will_v prove_v far_o more_o beneficial_a and_o therefore_o regardless_o of_o promise_n the_o next_o year_n prepare_v themselves_o again_o for_o england_n and_o with_o a_o great_a fleet_n dispatch_v to_o sea_n the_o news_n whereof_o strike_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o english_a hearts_n that_n despair_v of_o hopeâ—_n they_o account_v themselves_o the_o bondslave_n of_o misery_n and_o be_v enforce_v to_o compound_v a_o peace_n with_o thâ—m_n with_o the_o payment_n of_o 16000_o pound_n which_o they_o at_o last_o mount_v to_o 40000_o or_o 48000_o found_v till_o it_o empty_v the_o land_n of_o all_o her_o coin_n the_o kingdom_n of_o her_o glory_n the_o nobility_n of_o their_o courage_n the_o commons_o of_o their_o content_n and_o the_o sovereign_n of_o his_o wont_a respect_n and_o observation_n a_o pattern_n of_o our_o age_n and_o â—imes_n 16._o samuel_a daniel_n give_v we_o this_o censure_n of_o this_o first_o unworthy_a heaâ—y_a tax_n ethelred_n in_o the_o end_n be_v fain_o see_v he_o can_v not_o prevail_v with_o the_o sword_n to_o assail_v they_o with_o money_n and_o buy_v a_o peace_n for_o 10000_o pound_n which_o god_n wot_v prove_v after_o a_o very_a dear_a pennyworth_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n show_v the_o seller_n thereof_o how_o much_o be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o the_o buyer_n at_o how_o bad_a a_o rate_n his_o necessity_n be_v to_o be_v serve_v and_o yet_o not_o sure_a of_o his_o bargain_n long_o than_o the_o contractor_n will_v who_o have_v find_v the_o benefit_n of_o this_o market_n raise_v the_o price_n thereof_o almost_o every_o year_n and_o yet_o have_v not_o ethelred_n what_o he_o pay_v for_o the_o land_n in_o one_o part_n or_o other_o be_v never_o free_a from_o spoil_n and_o invasion_n but_o rather_o be_v more_o oppress_v both_o by_o the_o dane_n and_o by_o this_o taxation_n which_o be_v the_o first_o we_o find_v in_o our_o annal_n lay_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n and_o with_o heavy_a grievance_n raise_v in_o a_o poor_a distress_a state_n continue_v many_o age_n after_o the_o occasion_n be_v extinct_a and_o in_o the_o end_n 〈…〉_z become_v the_o usual_a supplement_n in_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o the_o occasion_n of_o prince_n and_o hereby_o etâ—elred_n enlarge_v the_o mean_n and_o desire_v of_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o at_o length_n come_v swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n and_o anlafe_a king_n of_o norwey_n in_o person_n as_o if_o likewise_o to_o receive_v he_o for_o commit_v outrage_n and_o be_v both_o return_v with_o great_a sum_n and_o many_o year_n it_o be_v not_o ere_o swain_n return_v again_o to_o raise_v new_a sum_n by_o new_a affliction_n and_o torment_v here_o this_o poor_a turmoil_v people_n more_o than_o ever_o receive_v a_o fee_n foâ—_n bloodshed_n 9_o to_o the_o sum_n of_o 48000_o l._n grant_v in_o the_o general_n assembly_n of_o the_o state_n at_o london_n and_o a_o peace_n or_o rather_o paction_n of_o servitude_n conclude_v from_o these_o passage_n of_o our_o historian_n it_o be_v most_o evident_a 1._o that_o this_o tax_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pound_n to_o the_o dane_n be_v the_o very_a first_o we_o find_v impose_v on_o the_o english_a 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peace_n and_o be_v quit_v of_o future_a trouble_n and_o invasion_n 5_o that_o when_o this_o be_v first_o impose_v it_o be_v with_o a_o belief_n and_o resolution_n never_o to_o reiterate_v or_o draw_v it_o again_o into_o custom_n or_o precedent_n in_o succeed_a age_n and_o that_o only_o to_o satisfy_v a_o covetous_a invade_a enemy_n for_o the_o present_a without_o any_o thought_n that_o â—t_a will_v but_o strengthen_v or_o encourage_v their_o enemy_n to_o new_a invasion_n and_o tribute_n of_o this_o nature_n double_v and_o treble_v on_o the_o nation_n afterward_o yet_o lo_o the_o contrary_a sad_a effect_n of_o this_o ill_a precedent_n &_o advice_n 1._o it_o be_v within_o few_o year_n after_o several_a time_n draw_v into_o use_n and_o custom_n again_o 2._o it_o be_v every_o time_n increase_v augment_v more_o than_o other_o till_o it_o amount_v to_o 4_o time_n as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v at_o first_o 3._o it_o do_v but_o impoverish_v weaken_v the_o english_a themselves_o and_o much_o strengthen_v encourage_v their_o danish_a enemy_n and_o keep_v they_o still_o under_o their_o vassalage_n whereas_o so_o much_o money_n or_o less_o raise_v and_o spend_v for_o their_o own_o defence_n against_o â—he_n danes_n will_v probable_o have_v expulse_v and_o beat_v they_o home_o to_o their_o own_o country_n with_o loss_n and_o so_o have_v prevent_v their_o future_a invasion_n 4_o after_o the_o dane_n be_v quite_o expel_v and_o the_o occasion_n of_o this_o tax_n quite_o extinct_a yet_o it_o than_o become_v a_o usual_a constant_a supplement_n to_o our_o king_n for_o sundry_a age_n after_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o be_v the_o only_a groundwork_n pattern_n of_o all_o the_o heavy_a public_a shipmoney_n tax_n aid_n imposition_n payment_n under_o which_o the_o people_n have_v suffer_v in_o all_o succeed_a age_n till_o this_o present_a it_o be_v very_o dangerous_a therefore_o for_o parliament_n or_o statesman_n upon_o any_o extraordinary_a press_a necessity_n to_o lay_v any_o new_a tax_n tribute_n or_o impost_n on_o the_o people_n and_o most_o perilous_a for_o the_o people_n voluntary_o to_o submit_v unto_o their_o payment_n foâ—_n be_v but_o once_o or_o twice_o grant_v impose_v pay_v and_o make_v a_o precedent_n they_o be_v hardly_o ever_o abolish_v or_o conjure_v down_o again_o but_o keep_v still_o on_o â—oot_n upon_o some_o pretext_n or_o other_o yea_o oft_o double_v treble_v and_o quadruple_v by_o degree_n to_o the_o people_n grand_a oppression_n and_o undo_n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o old_a precedent_n of_o dâ—negelt_n and_o the_o late_a sad_a precedent_n of_o our_o new_a impose_v excite_v impost_n monthly_a contributioâ—s_n raâ—â—ed_v from_o 20_o to_o 30_o 40_o 50_o 60_o 100_o and_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n amonth_n and_o the_o excise_n from_o thousand_o to_o million_o and_o so_o continue_v for_o sundry_a year_n without_o hope_n of_o end_n or_o eaâ—e_v the_o only_o bless_a liberty_n which_o we_o have_v hitherto_o purchase_v with_o all_o our_o prayer_n tear_n fast_n counsel_n treasure_n war_n and_o whole_a ocean_n of_o christian_a blood_n i_o shall_v therefore_o desire_v our_o late_a and_o present_a tax-master_n exciseâ—s_n if_o they_o be_v not_o now_o past_a all_o shame_n sad_o to_o consider_v how_o much_o more_o burdensome_a and_o inâ—urious_a they_o have_v be_v &_o be_v now_o to_o their_o native_a christâ—an_n english_a brethren_n than_o the_o barbarous_a pagan_n foreign_a invade_a dane_n be_v then_o to_o their_o predecessor_n in_o that_o they_o by_o their_o own_o authority_n without_o any_o lawful_a grant_n or_o act_n by_o a_o free_a parliament_n impose_v on_o their_o brethren_n exhaust_a purse_n and_o estate_n no_o less_o than_o 60_o or_o 120_o thousand_o pound_n every_o month_n beside_o excisâ—s_n impost_n custom_n amount_v to_o much_o more_o when_o as_o the_o barbarous_a foreign_a dane_n exact_v of_o they_o only_o by_o their_o own_o common_a consent_n in_o free_a parliamentary_a council_n only_o
blood_n of_o their_o neighbour_n and_o friend_n be_v to_o be_v revenge_v where_o upon_o swain_n a_o cruel_a man_n prone_a to_o shed_v blood_n animate_v to_o revenge_n by_o his_o messenger_n and_o letter_n command_v all_o the_o warrior_n of_o his_o kingdom_n and_o charge_v all_o the_o souldierâ—_n in_o â—orein_a region_n greedy_a of_o gain_n to_o assist_v he_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o english_a which_o they_o cheerful_o do_v he_o have_v now_o a_o fair_a show_n to_o do_v foul_o than_o ever_o wrong_v have_v now_o make_v he_o a_o right_a of_o invasion_n who_o have_v none_o before_o anno_fw-la 1003._o 1003._o king_n swain_n arrive_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n and_o army_n in_o england_n daniel_n by_o the_o negligence_n and_o treachery_n of_o one_o hugh_n a_o norman_a who_o queen_n emma_n have_v make_v earl_n of_o devonshire_n take_v and_o spoil_v the_o city_n of_o exeter_n raze_v the_o wall_n thereof_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o burn_v the_o city_n to_o ash_n return_v with_o a_o great_a prey_n to_o his_o ship_n leave_v nothing_o behind_o they_o but_o the_o ash_n after_o which_o waste_v the_o province_n of_o wiltshire_n a_o strong_a army_n congregat_v out_o of_o hamshire_n and_o wiltshire_n go_v wiâ—h_v a_o resolution_n manful_o and_o constant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o both_o army_n be_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o ready_a to_o join_v battle_n earl_n edric_n their_o general_n a_o constant_a traitor_n to_o his_o country_n and_o secret_a friend_n to_o the_o dane_n feign_v himself_o to_o be_v very_o sick_a and_o begin_v to_o vomit_v so_o that_o he_o can_v not_o possible_o fight_v whâ—re_o upon_o the_o army_n see_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o fearfullness_n depart_v most_o sorrowful_a from_o â—heir_a enemy_n without_o â—ighting_v be_v dishearten_v by_o the_o cowardice_n of_o their_o captain_n which_o swain_n perceive_v he_o march_v to_o wilton_n and_o sarisbery_n which_o he_o take_v pillage_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n return_v with_o the_o spoil_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n the_o next_o year_n swain_n to_o who_o god_n have_v design_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 1004._o as_o some_o old_a other_o historian_n write_v sail_v with_o his_o fleet_n to_o norwich_n pillage_v and_o burn_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n whereupon_o ulfketel_n duke_n of_o east-england_n â—_o man_n of_o great_a valour_n see_v himself_o surprise_v and_o want_v time_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o resist_v the_o dane_n cum_fw-la majoribus_fw-la east-angliae_a habito_fw-la consilio_fw-la 9_o take_v counsel_n â—ith_v the_o great_a man_n of_o east_n england_n make_v peace_n with_o swain_n which_o he_o treacherous_o break_v within_o three_o week_n after_o sudden_o issue_v out_o of_o his_o ship_n surprise_v pillage_v and_o burn_v thetford_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o cover_v the_o country_n like_o locust_n spoil_v all_o thing_n and_o slaughter_v the_o countryman_n without_o resistance_n which_o duke_n ulfketel_v be_v inform_v of_o command_v some_o of_o his_o countryman_n to_o break_v his_o ship_n in_o piece_n in_o his_o absence_n from_o they_o which_o they_o not_o dare_v or_o neglect_v to_o do_v and_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n raise_v a_o army_n with_o as_o much_o speed_n as_o he_o can_v bold_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n return_v with_o great_a booty_n to_o their_o ship_n where_o after_o a_o long_a and_o sharp_a encounter_n on_o both_o side_n the_o english_a be_v overpower_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v total_o roâ—ted_v and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o east-england_n there_o slay_v in_o their_o country_n defence_n who_o fight_v so_o valiant_o that_o the_o dane_n confess_v they_o have_v never_o a_o hard_a or_o sharp_a battle_n in_o eâ—gland_n than_o this_o the_o great_a loss_n the_o dane_n sustain_v in_o it_o though_o they_o get_v the_o â—ield_n and_o a_o extraordinary_a â—amine_n in_o england_n the_o year_n follow_v great_a than_o any_o in_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n cause_v swain_n to_o return_v into_o denmark_n to_o refresh_v and_o recruit_v his_o army_n king_n ethelred_n quit_v of_o these_o enemy_n anno_fw-la 1006_o 1006._o deprive_v wulfgate_v the_o son_n of_o leonne_n westm._n who_o he_o have_v love_v more_o than_o all_o man_n of_o his_o â—ossessions_n and_o all_o his_o honour_n propter_fw-la injusta_fw-la judicia_fw-la for_o his_o unjust_a judgement_n and_o proud_a work_n 6._o and_o likewise_o command_v the_o eye_n of_o the_o two_o son_n of_o that_o arch-trait_a or_o edric_n streona_n to_o be_v put_v out_o at_o cocham_n where_o he_o keep_v his_o courâ—_n because_o edric_n have_v treacherous_o entice_v a_o bloody_a butcher_n godwin_n porthound_n who_o he_o corrupt_v with_o great_a gift_n to_o murder_v the_o noble_a duke_n althelin_n at_o scoborbyrig_n as_o he_o be_v hunt_v who_o edric_n purpose_o invite_v to_o a_o feast_n that_o he_o may_v thus_o treacherous_o murder_v he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v in_o the_o month_n of_o july_n the_o dane_n return_v with_o a_o innumerable_a navy_n into_o england_n land_v at_o daniel_n sandwich_n consume_v all_o thing_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n take_v great_a booty_n sometime_o in_o sussex_n sometime_o in_o kent_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n gather_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o mercia_n and_o the_o west-part_n of_o england_n resolve_v valiant_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o daâ—es_n who_o decline_v any_o open_a fight_n and_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n land_v sometime_o in_o one_o place_n sometime_o in_o another_o and_o so_o pillage_n the_o country_n return_v with_o the_o booty_n to_o the_o ship_n before_o the_o english_a army_n can_v encounter_v they_o which_o they_o vex_v all_o the_o autumn_n in_o march_v after_o they_o from_o place_n to_o place_n to_o no_o purpose_n the_o english_a army_n return_v home_n when_o winâ—et_n begin_v to_o approach_v the_o dane_n with_o a_o extraordinary_a booty_n sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n where_o they_o continue_v till_o the_o feast_n of_o chriâ—ts_n nativity_n which_o feast_n they_o turn_v into_o sorrow_n for_o than_o they_o march_v into_o hampshire_n and_o berkeshire_n pillage_v and_o burn_v down_o read_v wallingford_n colesey_n essington_n and_o very_o many_o village_n quocunque_fw-la enim_fw-la peragâ—bant_fw-la quae_fw-la parata_fw-la erant_fw-la hilariter_fw-la comedentes_fw-la cum_fw-la discederent_fw-la in_o retribuâ—ionem_fw-la procurationis_fw-la reddebant_fw-la hospiti_fw-la caedem_fw-la hospitio_fw-la flammam_fw-la as_o huntindon_n bromton_n and_o other_o story_n as_o they_o be_v return_v another_o way_n to_o their_o ship_n with_o their_o booty_n they_o find_v the_o inhabitant_n ready_a to_o give_v they_o battle_n at_o kenet_n who_o the_o dane_n present_o fight_v with_o and_o rout_v return_v wiâ—h_a triumph_n to_o their_o ship_n enrich_v with_o the_o new_a spoil_n of_o the_o rout_v english_a 1007._o king_n ethelred_n lie_v all_o this_o time_n in_o shropshire_n unable_a to_o resist_v the_o dane_n anno_fw-la 1007._o cum_fw-la consilio_fw-la primatum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n polycâ—ronicon_n and_o other_o express_v it_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o noble_n send_v messenger_n to_o the_o danesâ—_n â—_z 9_o command_v they_o to_o tell_v they_o quod_fw-la sumptus_fw-la et_fw-la tributum_fw-la illis_fw-la dare_v vellent_fw-la that_o they_o wouâ—d_v give_v â—hem_fw-mi coâ—ts_n and_o tribute_n upon_o this_o condition_n that_o they_o shall_v desist_v from_o rapine_n and_o hold_v a_o firm_a peace_n with_o they_o to_o which_o request_n they_o consentedâ—_n and_o from_o that_o time_n cost_v be_v give_v they_o and_o a_o tribute_n pay_v they_o of_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o pound_n out_o of_o aâ—l_n england_n 360â—_n henry_n hunâ—iâ—don_n &_o brâ—mton_n thus_o relaâ—e_v the_o business_n rex_fw-la et_fw-la senatus_n anglorum_fw-la dubii_fw-la quid_fw-la agerent_fw-la quid_fw-la omitterent_fw-la communi_fw-la deliberatione_n gravem_fw-la conventionem_fw-la cum_fw-la exercitu_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la pacis_fw-la observationem_fw-la 36000_o mil._n librar_fw-la ei_fw-la dederunt_fw-la a_o clear_a evidence_n that_o this_o agreement_n and_o peace_n be_v make_v and_o money_n grant_v and_o raise_v in_o england_n by_o common_a advice_n &_o consent_n in_o parliament_n or_o council_n inâ—renduit_n anglia_fw-it toâ—a_fw-it velut_fw-la arundinem_fw-la zephiro_fw-la vibrante_fw-la collisum_fw-la unde_fw-la rex_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la confusione_n magna_fw-la consternatus_fw-la pecunia_fw-la pacem_fw-la ad_fw-la tempus_fw-la quam_fw-la armis_fw-la non_fw-la potuit_fw-la adquisivit_fw-la write_v 387._o matthew_n westminster_n 387._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la pro_fw-la bono_fw-mi pacis_fw-la tributum_fw-la 36_o mil._n librarum_fw-la persâ—lvit_fw-la dacis_fw-la as_o 462_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la word_n it_o after_o which_o the_o king_n this_o year_n make_v edric_n aforemention_v duke_n of_o mercia_n and_o that_o by_o the_o providence_n of_o god_n to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o english_a a_o man_n of_o base_a parentage_n but_o extraordinary_a crafty_a eloquent_a witty_a and_o unconstant_a surpass_v all_o of_o that_o age_n in_o envy_n perfidiousness_n pride_n cruelty_n and_o treason_n who_o
soon_o after_o marry_v the_o king_n daughter_n edith_n whereby_o he_o have_v the_o better_a opportunity_n to_o betray_v the_o king_n and_o kingdom_n with_o less_o suspicion_n 10._o king_n ethelred_n 1007._o though_o often_o vex_v with_o the_o war_n and_o invasion_n of_o these_o foreign_a enemy_n yet_o he_o have_v a_o care_n to_o make_v good_a law_n for_o the_o benefit_n peace_n and_o safety_n of_o his_o people_n whereupon_o have_v thus_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o dane_n an._n 1007._o he_o summon_v and_o hold_v a_o great_a parliamentary_a council_n at_o aenham_n on_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n at_o the_o exhortation_n of_o aelfeag_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o wulstan_n archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n â—_o and_o all_o the_o noble_n of_o england_n be_v present_a at_o it_o regis_fw-la aethelredi_fw-la edicto_fw-la concrepante_fw-la acciâ—i_fw-la sunt_fw-la convenire_fw-la where_o they_o all_o 〈…〉_z de_fw-fr catholicae_fw-la cultu_fw-la religionis_fw-la reparando_fw-la deque_fw-la etiam_fw-la rei_fw-la statu_fw-la publicae_fw-la reparando_fw-la vel_fw-la consulendo_fw-la plura_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pauca_fw-la utpote_fw-la divinitus_fw-la â—inspirati_fw-la ratiocinando_fw-la sermocinabantur_fw-la in_o this_o council_n they_o debate_v resolve_v on_o divers_a thing_n and_o enact_v many_o wholesome_a law_n and_o edict_n for_o the_o reformation_n and_o settle_v of_o religion_n and_o churchman_n the_o advancement_n of_o god_n worship_n the_o government_n of_o the_o church_n and_o state_n the_o advancement_n of_o civil_a justice_n and_o honesty_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n begin_v with_o the_o thing_n of_o god_n and_o the_o church_n in_o the_o first_o place_n which_o you_o may_v read_v at_o large_a in_o sir_n henry_n spelman_n some_o law_n whereof_o i_o shall_v here_o transcribe_v be_v very_o pertinent_a to_o my_o subject_n cap._n 5._o sapientes_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la leges_fw-la quique_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la eâ—_n hominibus_fw-la aequas_fw-la â—â—atuant_fw-la et_fw-la tueantur_fw-la 5._o iniquas_fw-la autem_fw-la omnino_fw-la deleant_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pauperi_fw-la atque_fw-la diviti_fw-la pari_fw-la exhibentes_fw-la lance_n et_fw-la pacem_fw-la insuper_fw-la et_fw-la concordiam_fw-la piè_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la seculo_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la retinentes_fw-la cap._n 6._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la et_fw-la inâ—ontem_fw-la pretio_fw-la tradat_fw-la extra_fw-la patriam_fw-la praesertim_fw-la in_o pagani_n alicujus_fw-la servitium_fw-la cap._n 7._o sapientes_fw-la etiam_fw-la decernunt_fw-la ut_fw-la pro_fw-la delicto_fw-la modico_fw-la nemo_fw-la christianum_fw-la morti_fw-la adjudicet_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o misericordia_fw-la potius_fw-la leges_fw-la administret_fw-la ad_fw-la utilitatem_fw-la populi_fw-la et_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la modico_fw-la eum_fw-la perdat_fw-la qui_fw-la est_fw-la opus_fw-la manuum_fw-la dei_fw-la et_fw-la mercimonium_fw-la ejus_fw-la magno_fw-la comparatum_fw-la pretio_fw-la de_fw-fr quolibet_fw-la autem_fw-la crimine_fw-la acuratius_fw-la decernito_fw-la sententiam_fw-la praebens_fw-la juxta_fw-la factum_fw-la mercedem_fw-la juxta_fw-la meritum_fw-la ita_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ut_fw-la secundum_fw-la divinam_fw-la clementiam_fw-la levis_fw-la sit_fw-la poena_fw-la et_fw-la secundum_fw-la humanam_fw-la fragilitatem_fw-la tolerabilis_fw-la cap._n 9_o nemo_fw-la dehinc_fw-la in_o posterum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la servitium_fw-la imponat_fw-la nec_fw-la clientelam_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la injuriis_fw-la afficiat_fw-la nec_fw-la ministrum_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la inconsulto_fw-la episcopo_fw-la cap._n 21._o veâ—ba_fw-la et_fw-la opâ—ra_fw-la rectè_fw-la cuique_fw-la disponat_fw-la er_fw-mi jusjurandum_fw-la pactamque_fw-la fidem_fw-la cautè_fw-la teneat_fw-la omnem_fw-la etiam_fw-la injustitiam_fw-la è_fw-la patriae_fw-la finibus_fw-la quâ_fw-la poterit_fw-la industriâ_fw-la cuique_fw-la ejiciat_fw-la et_fw-la perjuria_fw-la formidanda_fw-la cap._n 22._o urbium_fw-la oppidorum_fw-la arcium_fw-la atque_fw-la pontium_fw-la instauratio_fw-la sedulo_fw-la fiat_fw-la prout_fw-la opus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la restaurentur_fw-la renoventur_fw-la vallis_fw-la et_fw-la fossis_fw-la muniantur_fw-la et_fw-la circumvallentur_fw-la militaris_fw-la etiam_fw-la et_fw-la navalis_fw-la profectio_fw-la uti_fw-la imperatum_fw-la est_fw-la 9_o ob_fw-la universalem_fw-la utique_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la cap._n 23._o de_fw-fr navali_fw-la expeditione_n sub_fw-la paschate_n cavendum_fw-la etiam_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la celerius_fw-la post_fw-la paschatis_fw-la festum_fw-la navalis_fw-la expeditio_fw-la annuo_fw-la sit_fw-la parata_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la navem_fw-la in_o reipublicae_fw-la expeditionem_fw-la designatum_fw-la vitiaverit_fw-la damnum_fw-la integrè_fw-la restituito_fw-la et_fw-la pacem_fw-la regis_fw-la violatam_fw-la compensato_fw-la si_fw-mi verò_fw-la eam_fw-la ita_fw-la prorsus_fw-la corruperit_fw-la ut_fw-la deinceps_fw-la nihili_fw-la habeatur_fw-la plenam_fw-la luito_fw-la injuriam_fw-la et_fw-la laesam_fw-la praeterea_fw-la majestatem_fw-la so_o one_o translation_n out_o of_o the_o saxon_a copy_n read_v it_o but_o another_o thus_o nave_n per_fw-la singuloâ—_n annos_fw-la ob_fw-la patriae_fw-la defensionem_fw-la et_fw-la munitionem_fw-la praeparentur_fw-la poâ—ique_fw-la sacrosanctum_fw-la paâ—cha_fw-la cum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la utensilibus_fw-la competentibus_fw-la fimul_fw-la congregentur_fw-la qua_fw-la etiam_fw-la poena_fw-la digni_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la navium_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la perficiunt_fw-la notum_fw-la cunctis_fw-la esse_fw-la cupimus_fw-la quicunque_fw-la aliquam_fw-la ex_fw-la navibus_fw-la per_fw-la quampiam_fw-la inetriam_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la incuriam_fw-la vel_fw-la negligentiam_fw-la corruperit_fw-la et_fw-la tamen_fw-la recuperabilis_fw-la sit_fw-la be_v navis_fw-la corruptelam_fw-la vel_fw-la fracturam_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la per_fw-la solidam_fw-la prius_fw-la recuperet_fw-la regique_fw-la deinde_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la pro_fw-la ejuâ—dem_fw-la munitionis_fw-la fractura_fw-la sibimet_fw-la pertinet_fw-la ritè_fw-la persolvat_fw-la cap._n 24._o de_fw-fr militiam_fw-la deâ—ractante_fw-la si_fw-mi quis_fw-la de_fw-fr profectione_n militari_fw-la cui_fw-la rex_fw-la intererit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la se_fw-la substraxerit_fw-la in_fw-la detrimentum_fw-la currat_fw-la omnium_fw-la fortunarum_fw-la these_o three_o last_o law_n most_o clear_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o militia_n and_o military_a affair_n of_o this_o age_n with_o all_o their_o provision_n of_o arm_n ship_n for_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n against_o the_o invade_a dane_n and_o other_o enemy_n with_o their_o military_a law_n and_o all_o other_o apurtenance_n thereto_o belong_v be_v order_v and_o settle_v in_o their_o general_n council_n by_o common_a consent_n cap._n 26._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la regis_fw-la insidiabitur_fw-la 8._o svi_fw-la ipsius_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la dispendio_fw-la et_fw-la quas_fw-la habet_fw-la rebus_fw-la omnibus_fw-la poenas_fw-la luito_fw-la sin_n negaverit_fw-la et_fw-la purgatione_fw-la qua_fw-la licuerit_fw-la expetierit_fw-la solemniori_fw-la eam_fw-la faciat_fw-la juramento_fw-la vel_fw-la ordalio_n triplici_fw-la juxta_fw-la legem_fw-la anglorum_fw-la et_fw-la in_o danorum_fw-la lege_fw-la prout_fw-la ipsa_fw-la statuit_fw-la cap._n 27._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la christi_fw-la legibus_fw-la sive_fw-la regis_fw-la se_fw-la nefariè_fw-la opposuerit_fw-la capitis_fw-la plectitor_n aestimatione_fw-la vel_fw-la mulctâ_fw-la aliâ_fw-la pro_fw-la delicti_fw-la qualitate_fw-la et_fw-fr si_fw-fr be_v contrarius_fw-la rebellare_fw-la armis_fw-la nititur_fw-la et_fw-la sic_fw-la occiditur_fw-la inultus_fw-la jaceat_fw-la 5._o cap._n 29._o scrutari_fw-la oportet_fw-la diligentius_fw-la unumquemque_fw-la modis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la quonam_fw-la pacto_fw-la illud_fw-la ante_fw-la omne_fw-la efferatur_fw-la consilium_fw-la quod_fw-la populo_fw-la habeat_fw-la utilissimum_fw-la et_fw-la ut_fw-la recta_fw-la christi_fw-la religio_fw-la oxime_n provehatur_fw-la injustumque_fw-la quodlibet_fw-la funditus_fw-la extirpetur_fw-la haec_fw-la enim_fw-la in_o rem_fw-la â—uerinâ—_n totius_fw-la patriae_fw-la ut_fw-la injustitia_fw-la conculcetur_fw-la et_fw-la institia_fw-la coram_fw-la deo_fw-la et_fw-la hominibus_fw-la diligatur_fw-la cap._n 32._o ut_fw-la quisquis_fw-la fuerit_fw-la potentior_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la seculo_fw-la vel_fw-la per_fw-la scelera_fw-la evectus_fw-la in_o altiorem_fw-la gradum_fw-la ita_fw-la gravius_fw-la emendabit_fw-la peccata_fw-la sua_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la singulis_fw-la malefactis_fw-la poenas_fw-la luet_fw-la graviores_fw-la haec_fw-la itaque_fw-la legalia_fw-la statuta_fw-la vel_fw-la decreta_fw-la in_o nostro_fw-la conventu_fw-la synodali_n â—_o rege_fw-la nostro_fw-la magnopere_fw-la edicta_fw-la cuncti_fw-la tunc_fw-la temporis_fw-la optimates_fw-la se_fw-la observaturos_fw-la fideliter_fw-la spondebant_fw-la the_o invasion_n and_o oppression_n of_o the_o dane_n excite_v both_o the_o king_n his_o prelate_n and_o noble_n in_o this_o great_a general_n council_n not_o only_o to_o provide_v for_o their_o necessary_a defence_n against_o they_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n but_o likewise_o to_o enact_v good_a law_n for_o the_o advancement_n of_o god_n worship_n and_o service_n the_o good_a government_n of_o the_o republic_n the_o advancement_n of_o justice_n and_o righteousness_n the_o suppression_n of_o all_o oppression_n injustice_n wickedness_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o just_a right_n and_o liberty_n both_o of_o the_o church_n and_o people_n as_o the_o most_o effectual_a mean_n to_o unite_v and_o preserve_v they_o against_o the_o common_a enemy_n and_o to_o remove_v god_n wrath_n and_o judgement_n from_o they_o as_o the_o other_o statute_n and_o decree_n of_o this_o council_n more_o full_o resolve_v which_o you_o may_v peruse_v at_o leisure_n about_o the_o same_o year_n as_o i_o conjecture_v or_o not_o long_o after_o 533._o king_n ethelred_n have_v some_o breaâ—hing_a time_n from_o war_n by_o his_o peace_n conclude_v with_o the_o perfidious_a dane_n hâ—ld_v three_o other_o great_a parliamentary_a
council_n the_o first_o at_o woodstock_n the_o second_o at_o venetyngum_fw-la the_o three_o at_o haba_n wherein_o he_o and_o his_o wiseman_n make_v and_o publish_v many_o excellent_a civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a law_n for_o the_o good_a government_n peace_n welfare_n and_o happiness_n of_o his_o people_n 6._o record_v at_o large_a in_o bromton_n lambard_n and_o spelman_n where_o you_o may_v read_v they_o i_o shall_v insert_v only_o 3_o of_o they_o at_o venetingum_fw-la wantige_n as_o some_o take_v it_o cap._n 4._o habeantur_fw-la placita_fw-la in_o singulis_fw-la wapentakis_n ut_fw-la exeant_fw-la seniores_fw-la 12_o thayni_n &_o praepositus_fw-la cum_fw-la eâ—s_fw-la &_o jurent_fw-la super_fw-la sanctuarium_fw-la quod_fw-la eye_n dabitur_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la quod_fw-la neminem_fw-la innocentem_fw-la velint_fw-la accusare_fw-la vel_fw-la noxium_fw-la concelare_fw-la cap._n 23._o aâ—_n bilynggesgate_n si_fw-la advenisset_fw-la una_fw-la navicula_fw-la unus_fw-la obolus_fw-la thelonii_fw-la dabatur_fw-la si_fw-la major_n &_o habet_fw-la siglas_n 1_o d._n si_fw-la adveniat_fw-la ceol_n vel_fw-la ulcus_fw-la &_o ibi_fw-la jaceat_fw-la 4_o d._n ad_fw-la thelonium_fw-la dentur_fw-la 9_o de_fw-fr navi_fw-la plena_fw-la lignorum_fw-la unum_fw-la lignum_fw-la ad_fw-la theloneum_fw-la detur_fw-la in_o ebdomada_fw-la panum_fw-la theloneum_fw-la detur_fw-la 3_o diebus_fw-la die_v dominica_n die_v martis_n &_o die_v jovis_fw-la qui_fw-la ad_fw-la pontem_n veniat_fw-la cum_fw-la bato_n ubi_fw-la piscis_fw-la inest_fw-la unus_fw-la ob_fw-la dabatur_fw-la in_o theloveum_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr majori_fw-la nave_n 1._o d._n homines_fw-la de_fw-la rothomago_fw-la qui_fw-la veniebant_fw-la cum_fw-la vino_fw-la vel_fw-la craspisce_n flandrense_n &_o pontrienses_n &_o normannia_n &_o francia_n monstrabant_fw-la res_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o extolneabant_fw-la hogge_n &_o leodium_n &_o nivella_n qui_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la ibant_fw-la ostenâ—ionem_fw-la dabant_fw-la et_fw-la theoloneum_fw-la et_fw-la homines_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la qui_fw-la veniebant_fw-la cum_fw-la navibus_fw-la suis_fw-la bonarum_fw-la legum_fw-la digni_fw-la tenebantur_fw-la sicut_fw-la &_o nos_fw-la emere_fw-la in_o svas_fw-la nave_n et_fw-la non_fw-la licâ—bat_fw-la eye_v aliquod_fw-la forcheapum_fw-la facere_fw-la burhmannis_fw-la &_o dare_v theoloneum_fw-la suum_fw-la et_fw-la in_o sancto_fw-la natali_fw-la domini_fw-la duos_fw-la grisingos_fw-es panâ—os_fw-es &_o unum_fw-la brunum_n &_o 10_o libras_fw-la piperis_fw-la &_o cirotecas_fw-la 5_o hominum_fw-la et_fw-la duos_fw-la cabillinos_fw-la colennos_fw-la aceto_fw-la plâ—nos_fw-la &_o totidem_fw-la in_o pasca_fw-la de_fw-la dosseris_fw-la cum_fw-la gallinis_fw-la â—na_fw-la gallina_n thelon_n &_o de_fw-fr uno_fw-la dosseto_fw-la cum_fw-la ovis_fw-la 5_o ova_n theolon_n si_fw-mi veniat_fw-la ad_fw-la mercatum_fw-la mongestre_fw-fr sinere_n qui_fw-la mangonant_fw-la in_o caseo_n &_o butiro_n 14_o diebus_fw-la ante_fw-la natale_n domini_fw-la 1._o d._n &_o 7_o diebus_fw-la post_fw-la natale_n domini_fw-la unam_fw-la alium_fw-la denarium_fw-la ad_fw-la theloneum_fw-la cap._n 24._o si_fw-mi portireu_n well_fw-mi tungravia_n vel_fw-la alius_fw-la praepositus_fw-la compellat_fw-la aliquâ—m_fw-la quod_fw-la theolon_n supertenuerit_fw-la &_o â—omo_fw-la respondeatâ—_n quod_fw-la nullum_fw-la theloneum_fw-la concelaverit_fw-la quod_fw-la just_a debuit_fw-la juret_fw-la hoc_fw-la se_fw-la sexto_fw-la &_o sit_v quietus_n si_fw-mi appâ—llet_fw-la quo_fw-la a_o theolonium_fw-la dederit_fw-la inveniat_fw-la cui_fw-la dedit_fw-la &_o cue_n etus_fw-la â—â—t_n sâ—â—unc_fw-la homâ—nem_fw-la invenire_fw-la non_fw-la posset_n cui_fw-la dedit_fw-la reddat_fw-la ipsum_fw-la theloneum_fw-la et_fw-la persolvat_fw-la 5_o l._n regi_fw-la si_fw-mi cacepollum_fw-la advoceâ—_n quod_fw-la â—i_fw-la theoloneum_fw-la dedit_fw-la &_o ille_fw-la neget_fw-la perneget_fw-la ad_fw-la dei_fw-la â—udâ—cium_fw-la et_fw-la in_o nulla_fw-la alia_fw-la lada_fw-la these_o be_v the_o first_o law_n to_o my_o remembrance_n wherein_o there_o be_v any_o mention_n of_o toll_n tribute_n or_o custom_n pay_v by_o any_o native_n or_o foreiner_n for_o good_n or_o merchandise_n import_v or_o sell_v 1._o or_o any_o forfeiture_n or_o penalty_n impose_v for_o conceal_v or_o nonpayment_n thereof_o which_o it_o seem_v be_v impose_v about_o this_o time_n by_o common_a consent_n in_o a_o parliamentary_a council_n for_o the_o better_a maintenance_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n against_o the_o dane_n the_o end_n for_o which_o i_o cite_v they_o the_o king_n have_v thus_o in_o the_o great_a council_n of_o aenham_n and_o wantige_n 1009._o by_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o wiseman_n provide_v a_o navy_n to_o be_v annual_o set_v out_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o pursuance_n thereof_o the_o selfsame_a year_n as_o our_o knyghton_n historian_n joint_o attest_v command_v one_o ship_n to_o be_v build_v and_o furnish_v out_o of_o every_o 310_o hide_n or_o ploughlands_n and_o a_o buckler_n &_o helmet_n out_o of_o every_o 9_o ploughlands_n throughout_o his_o realm_n the_o ship_n be_v according_o provide_v the_o king_n victual_v and_o place_v choose_a soldier_n in_o they_o and_o assemble_v they_o all_o together_o to_o the_o port_n of_o sandwich_n that_o they_o may_v defend_v the_o coast_n of_o the_o kingdom_n from_o the_o eruption_n of_o foreiner_n an._n 1009._o puppe_n praedictae_fw-la congregatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la apud_fw-la sandwic_n &_o viri_fw-la optime_fw-la armati_fw-la nec_fw-la fuit_fw-la tantus_fw-la numerus_fw-la navium_fw-la tempore_fw-la alicujus_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la 9_o write_v henry_n huntindon_n but_o yet_o god_n frustrate_v and_o blast_v all_o their_o design_n beyond_o expectation_n for_o about_o or_o a_o little_a before_o this_o time_n brithiricus_fw-la a_o slippery_a ambitious_a proud_a man_n brother_n to_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n injurious_o accuse_v wulnoth_n a_o noble_a young_a man_n of_o southsex_n to_o the_o king_n who_o servant_n he_o be_v who_o thereupon_o banish_v he_o wulnoth_n upon_o this_o flee_v away_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v apprehend_v and_o have_v get_v 20_o ship_n exercise_v frequent_a piracy_n upon_o the_o sea_n coast_n the_o king_n navy_n be_v thereof_o inform_v and_o that_o any_o man_n who_o will_v might_n easy_o take_v he_o brithtric_n hereupon_o to_o get_v praise_n to_o himself_o take_v 80_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n with_o he_o and_o promise_v to_o bring_v wulnoth_n alive_a or_o dead_a to_o the_o king_n when_o he_o have_v prosperous_o sail_v a_o long_a time_n in_o pursuit_n of_o he_o a_o most_o violent_a tempest_n sudden_o arise_v shatter_a and_o bruise_v all_o the_o ship_n drive_v they_o one_o against_o another_o and_o force_v they_o to_o run_v ashore_o upon_o the_o dry_a land_n with_o great_a loss_n where_o wulnoth_n present_o come_v upon_o they_o fire_v and_o burn_v they_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o navy_n discontent_v with_o this_o sad_a news_n return_v to_o london_n the_o army_n likewise_o then_o raise_v be_v disperse_v et_fw-la sic_fw-la omnis_fw-la labour_n anglorum_fw-la cassatus_fw-la est_fw-la writes_z huntindon_n or_o as_o wigorniensis_n and_o other_o express_v it_o sicque_fw-la totius_fw-la populi_fw-la maximus_fw-la labour_n perâ—t_fw-la to_o their_o great_a grief_n and_o disappointment_n upoâ—_n this_o disaster_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n earl_n turkel_n a_o danâ—_n arrive_v with_o a_o great_a new_a fleet_n of_o dane_n and_o â—n_o innumerable_a army_n at_o sandwich_n who_o another_o great_a navy_n of_o dane_n under_o the_o command_n of_o hemmingus_fw-la erglafâ—_n &_o tenetland_n follow_v in_o the_o month_n of_o august_n these_o all_o join_v together_o march_v to_o canterbury_n assaulted_z make_v a_o breach_n therein_o and_o be_v likely_a to_o take_v it_o whereupon_o the_o citizen_n and_o inhabitant_n of_o east-kent_n be_v enforce_v to_o purchase_v a_o firm_a peace_n wiâ—h_v they_o be_v the_o sum_n of_o 3000_o pound_n which_o be_v pay_v they_o return_v to_o their_o ship_n pillage_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n with_o the_o county_n of_o sussex_n and_o southampton_n near_o the_o seacoast_n burn_v the_o village_n and_o carry_v away_o great_a booty_n thence_o king_n ethelred_n upon_o this_o raise_v and_o collect_v a_o great_a army_n out_o of_o all_o england_n place_v force_n in_o all_o county_n near_o the_o sea_n to_o hinder_v the_o dane_n land_v and_o plunder_v notwithstanding_o they_o desist_v not_o but_o exercise_v rapine_n in_o all_o place_n where_o they_o can_v convenient_o land_v at_o last_o when_o they_o have_v straggle_v further_o off_o from_o their_o ship_n than_o they_o accustom_v and_o think_v to_o have_v return_v lade_v with_o spoil_n the_o king_n with_o many_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n intercept_n their_o passage_n resolve_v to_o die_v or_o to_o conquer_v they_o but_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n by_o his_o treacherous_a and_o perplex_a oration_n endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o king_n and_o soldier_n not_o then_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n but_o to_o suffer_v they_o to_o escape_v at_o that_o time_n suasit_fw-la &_o persuasit_fw-la and_o thus_o like_o a_o traitor_n to_o his_o country_n as_o he_o ever_o have_v be_v he_o then_o deliver_v the_o dane_n out_o of_o the_o englishman_n hand_n and_o suffer_v they_o to_o depart_v with_o their_o booty_n without_o resistance_n the_o dane_n aâ—ter_v this_o take_n up_o their_o winter_n quarter_n in_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n maintain_v themselves_o with_o the_o spoil_n they_o
civibus_fw-la magna_fw-la open_a conantibus_fw-la dum_fw-la unusqâ—â—sque_fw-la sudâ—â—es_fw-la suos_fw-la principi_fw-la ostento_fw-la et_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la pulchrum_fw-la putaret_fw-la emori_fw-la hostium_fw-la pars_fw-la prostrata_fw-la pars_fw-la in_o flumine_fw-la thamesi_n necuta_fw-la hereupon_o swain_n despair_v to_o take_v the_o city_n march_v with_o his_o tear_a shatter_a army_n first_o to_o wallingford_n plunder_v and_o demolish_n all_o thing_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o their_o wayâ—_n after_o â—heir_a wont_a manner_n and_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o bath_n where_o ethelmere_n earl_n of_o the_o west_n country_n with_o all_o his_o people_n come_v and_o submit_v to_o he_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o loyalty_n have_v thus_o finish_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o desire_n he_o return_v with_o his_o hostage_n to_o his_o navy_n be_v both_o call_v and_o repute_a king_n by_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n london_n except_v si_fw-la rex_fw-la jure_fw-la queat_fw-la vocari_fw-la qui_fw-la fere_n cuncta_fw-la tyrannice_n faciebat_fw-la â—ite_fw-la florence_n oâ—_n worceste_n &_o simeon_n dâ—nelmensis_n verâ—_n caâ—eâ—oâ—sly_o nec_fw-la adhuc_fw-la flecterentur_fw-la londinenses_n tota_fw-la jam_fw-la anglia_fw-it in_fw-it clientelam_fw-la ejus_fw-la inclinata_fw-la nisi_fw-la ethelredus_fw-la praesentia_fw-la eos_fw-la destitueret_fw-la sua_fw-la as_o malmesbury_n observe_v king_n ethelred_n be_v a_o man_n give_v to_o sloathfullness_n and_o through_o consciousness_n of_o his_o own_o demerit_n very_o fearful_a deem_v no_o man_n faithful_a to_o he_o 169._o by_o reason_n of_o the_o tragical_a death_n of_o his_o brother_n edwaod_a for_o which_o he_o feel_v this_o divine_a revenge_n not_o dare_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n not_o fight_v the_o enemy_n wiâ—h_v it_o when_o raise_v ne_o nobiles_fw-la regni_fw-la quos_fw-la injust_a exhaeredaverat_fw-la lest_o the_o noble_n of_o the_o reaâ—m_n who_o he_o have_v unjust_o disinherited_a shall_v desert_n and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o enemy_n decline_v the_o necessity_n of_o war_n and_o of_o a_o new_a siege_n most_o unworthy_o desert_v the_o londoner_n his_o faithful_a valiant_a subject_n and_o proâ—ectors_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o danger_n &_o enemy_n â—lying_v away_o secret_o from_o they_o to_o hamshire_n by_o secret_a journey_n from_o whence_o he_o sail_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n hereupon_o the_o londoner_n 10._o laudandi_fw-la prorsus_fw-la viâ—i_fw-la &_o quos_fw-la mars_n ipse_fw-la collata_fw-la non_fw-la sperneret_fw-la hasta_fw-la si_fw-la ducem_fw-la habuissent_fw-la cuâ—us_fw-la dum_fw-la vel_fw-la sola_fw-la umbra_fw-la protegerentur_fw-la totius_fw-la pugnae_fw-la aleam_fw-la ipsam_fw-la obsidionem_fw-la etiam_fw-la non_fw-la paucis_fw-la mensibus_fw-la luserunt_fw-la seeing_n themselves_o thus_o unworthy_o desert_v by_o their_o sovereign_n in_o their_o extremity_n move_v by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o countryman_n submit_v themselves_o likewise_o to_o king_n swain_n send_v hostage_n to_o and_o make_v their_o peace_n wiâ—h_v he_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o they_o fear_v swain_n fury_n be_v so_o much_o incense_v against_o they_o for_o his_o former_a shameful_a repulse_n by_o they_o that_o if_o they_o submit_v not_o to_o â—â—m_fw-la of_o their_o own_o accord_n he_o will_v not_o only_o spoil_v they_o of_o all_o their_o good_n but_o likewise_o command_v either_o all_o their_o eye_n to_o be_v pull_v out_o or_o their_o hand_n and_o foot_n to_o be_v cut_v off_o iâ—_n he_o subdue_v they_o by_o force_n 379._o john_n speed_n against_o the_o current_n of_o other_o historian_n inform_v we_o that_o swain_n after_o his_o repulse_n from_o london_n have_v receive_v a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n go_v back_o into_o denmark_n for_o want_v of_o victual_n and_o to_o recruit_v his_o shatter_a army_n whence_o return_v soon_o after_o he_o be_v immediate_o meet_v by_o the_o english_a where_o betwixt_o they_o be_v strike_v a_o sore_a battle_n which_o have_v be_v with_o good_a success_n have_v not_o the_o treason_n of_o some_o hinder_v it_o in_o turn_v to_o the_o dane_n king_n ethelred_n therefore_o see_v himself_o and_o the_o land_n betray_v on_o this_o manner_n to_o those_o few_o true_a english_a that_o be_v leave_v use_v this_o speech_n as_o follow_v if_o there_o want_v in_o i_o a_o fatherly_a care_n either_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o kingdom_n or_o administration_n of_o justice_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o in_o you_o the_o carriage_n of_o soldier_n for_o defence_n of_o your_o native_a country_n then_o true_o silent_a will_v i_o be_v for_o ever_o and_o bear_v those_o calamity_n with_o a_o more_o deject_a mind_n but_o as_o the_o case_n stand_v be_v it_o as_o it_o be_v i_o for_o my_o part_n be_o resolve_v to_o rush_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o lose_v my_o life_n for_o my_o kingdom_n and_o crown_n and_o you_o i_o be_o sure_a hold_v it_o a_o worthy_a death_n that_o be_v purchase_v for_o the_o liberty_n of_o yourselves_o and_o kindred_n and_o therein_o i_o pray_v you_o let_v we_o all_o die_v for_o i_o see_v both_o god_n and_o destiny_n against_o we_o and_o the_o name_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n bring_v almost_o to_o the_o last_o period_n for_o we_o be_v overcome_v not_o by_o weapon_n and_o hostile_a war_n but_o by_o treason_n and_o domestic_a falsehood_n our_o navy_n betray_v into_o the_o dane_n hand_n our_o battle_n weaken_v by_o the_o revolt_n of_o our_o captain_n our_o design_n betray_v to_o they_o by_o our_o own_o counsellor_n and_o they_o also_o enforce_a composition_n of_o dishonourable_a peace_n i_o myself_o disesteem_v and_o in_o scorn_n term_v ethelred_n the_o unready_a your_o valour_n and_o loyalty_n betray_v by_o your_o own_o leader_n and_o all_o our_o poverty_n yearly_o augment_v by_o the_o payment_n of_o their_o danegelt_n 1._o which_o how_o to_o reâ—ress_n god_n only_o know_v and_o we_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o if_o we_o pay_v money_n for_o peace_n and_o that_o confirm_v by_o oath_n these_o enemy_n soon_o break_v it_o as_o a_o people_n that_o neiâ—her_o regard_v god_n nor_o man_n contrary_a to_o equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o warâ—_n and_o of_o nation_n and_o so_o fâ—r_v off_o be_v all_o hope_n of_o better_a success_n as_o we_o have_v cause_n to_o fear_v the_o loss_n of_o our_o kingdom_n &_o you_o the_o extinction_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n revenue_n therefore_o see_v our_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o their_o hand_n at_o our_o throat_n let_v we_o by_o foresight_n and_o counsel_n save_o our_o own_o life_n or_o else_o by_o courage_n sheathe_v our_o sword_n in_o their_o bowel_n either_o of_o which_o i_o be_o willing_a to_o enter_v into_o to_o secure_v our_o estate_n and_o nation_n from_o a_o irrecoverable_a ruin_n after_o which_o speech_n he_o and_o his_o army_n retreat_v and_o give_v way_n to_o the_o prevail_a enemy_n swain_n herepon_n settle_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n when_o as_o he_o know_v that_o no_o man_n dare_v resist_v he_o command_v himself_o to_o be_v call_v king_n of_o england_n dum_fw-la non_fw-la fuit_fw-la alius_fw-la qui_fw-la pro_fw-la jure_fw-la regni_fw-la decertare_fw-la vel_fw-la se_fw-la regem_fw-la confiteri_fw-la aâ—sus_fw-la fuisset_fw-la as_o 452._o matt._n westminster_n and_o other_o write_v such_o a_o strange_a fear_n and_o stupidity_n be_v then_o fall_v upon_o ethelred_n and_o the_o whole_a english_a nation_n after_o this_o ethelred_n privy_o depart_v from_o london_n to_o hampton_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o isle_n of_o weight_n as_o aforesaid_a where_o advise_v with_o the_o abbot_n and_o bishop_n there_o assemble_v in_o council_n what_o course_n be_v best_a to_o steer_v he_o speak_v thus_o unto_o they_o the_o history_n whereof_o i_o shall_v full_o relate_v in_o 70._o william_n of_o malmesbury_n his_o word_n ibi_fw-la abbates_n et_fw-fr episcoposâ—_n qui_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o tali_fw-la necessitate_v dominum_fw-la suum_fw-la deserendum_fw-la putarent_fw-la in_fw-la hanc_fw-la convenit_fw-la sententiam_fw-la videâ—ent_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o angusto_fw-la res_fw-la essent_fw-la suae_fw-la 8._o et_fw-la suorum_fw-la se_fw-la perfidia_fw-la ducum_fw-la avito_fw-la extorrem_fw-la solio_fw-la et_fw-la opis_fw-la egentem_fw-la aâ—iâ—nae_fw-la in_fw-la cujus_fw-la manu_fw-la alâ—orum_fw-la â—olebat_fw-la salus_fw-la pendere_fw-la quondam_a monarcham_n et_fw-la potentem_fw-la modo_fw-la miserum_fw-la et_fw-la exulem_fw-la dolendum_fw-la sibi_fw-la hanc_fw-la commutationem_fw-la quia_fw-la facilius_fw-la toleres_fw-la oâ—es_fw-la non_fw-la habuisse_fw-la quam_fw-la habitas_fw-la amisisse_fw-la pudendam_fw-la anglis_fw-la eo_fw-la magis_fw-la quod_fw-la deserti_fw-la ducis_fw-la exempluâ—_fw-la processurum_fw-la sit_fw-la in_o orbem_fw-la terrarum_fw-la iâ—â—os_fw-la amore_fw-la svi_fw-la sine_fw-la sumptibus_fw-la voluntariam_fw-la sube_fw-la untes_fw-la fugam_fw-la domos_fw-la et_fw-la facultates_fw-la svas_fw-la praedonibus_fw-la exposuisse_fw-la in_fw-la arcto_fw-la esse_fw-la victum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la vestitum_fw-la deesse_fw-la pluribus_fw-la probare_fw-la se_fw-la fidem_fw-la illorumâ—_n â—_z sed_fw-la non_fw-la reperire_fw-la salutem_fw-la adeo_fw-la jam_fw-la subjugata_fw-la terra_fw-la observari_fw-la littora_fw-la ut_fw-la nusquam_fw-la sine_fw-la periculo_fw-la sit_fw-la exitus_fw-la quapropter_fw-la considerent_fw-la in_o medium_n quid_fw-la
apud_fw-la greenwic_n â—acuiâ—_n tributum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la 30._o millia_fw-la librarum_fw-la pendi_fw-la mandavit_fw-la to_o wit_n to_o the_o fleet_n under_o turkell_n the_o dane_n 1._o who_o instead_o of_o defend_v do_v but_o help_v to_o pillage_n and_o oppress_v the_o english_a huntindon_n write_v it_o be_v but_o 21_o thousand_o pound_n and_o bromton_n aversâ—_n that_o it_o be_v cnute_n not_o ethelred_n who_o command_v it_o to_o be_v pay_v to_o his_o navy_n soon_o after_o which_o the_o sea_n rise_v high_a than_o it_o be_v accustom_v drown_v a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o village_n people_n and_o cattle_n 1015._o after_o cnutes_n departure_n speed_n king_n ethelred_n summon_v a_o parliamentaty_a council_n at_o oxford_n anno_fw-la 1015._o both_o of_o the_o dane_n and_o english_a malmsbury_n express_o style_v it_o magnum_fw-la concilium_fw-la wigorniensis_fw-la hovedâ—n_n sim._n dunelmensis_n magnum_fw-la placitum_fw-la matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o magnum_fw-la colloquium_fw-la our_o late_a english_z historian_n a_o great_a council_n and_o parliament_n the_o king_n by_o the_o ill_a advice_n of_o that_o arch_a traitor_n duke_n edric_n at_o this_o great_a council_n command_v some_o nobleâ—_n of_o the_o dane_n to_o be_v sudden_o and_o secret_o slay_v quasi_fw-la de_fw-la regius_fw-la proditione_n notatos_fw-la ac_fw-la perfidiae_fw-la apud_fw-la se_fw-la insimulatos_fw-la the_o chief_a of_o they_o be_v sygeforth_o and_o morcar_n who_o edric_n treacherous_o invite_v to_o his_o chamber_n and_o there_o make_v they_o drink_v cause_v his_o arm_a guard_n there_o place_v secret_o to_o murder_v they_o which_o they_o do_v hereupon_o their_o servant_n endeavour_v to_o revenge_v their_o lord_n death_n be_v digniores_fw-la et_fw-la potentiores_fw-la ex_fw-la scovengensibus_fw-la they_o be_v repulse_v wiâ—h_a arm_n and_o force_v to_o sly_a into_o the_o tower_n of_o st._n frideswides_n church_n for_o safety_n whence_o when_o they_o can_v not_o be_v forcible_o expel_v they_o be_v all_o there_o burn_v together_o the_o king_n present_o seize_v upon_o their_o land_n and_o good_n the_o chief_a cause_n of_o their_o murder_n as_o some_o conceive_v and_o send_v the_o relict_n of_o sygeforth_o a_o very_a noble_a beautiful_a and_o virtuous_a lady_n prisoner_n to_o malmsbury_n whither_o edmond_n the_o king_n base_a son_n as_o some_o affirm_v posâ—ed_v without_o his_o father_n privity_n and_o be_v enamour_v with_o her_o beauty_n first_o carnal_o abuse_v then_o afterward_o marry_v she_o and_o by_o her_o advice_n forcible_o invade_v and_o seize_v upon_o the_o land_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o morcar_n which_o be_v very_o great_a and_o the_o earldom_n of_o northumberland_n which_o his_o father_n deny_v he_o upon_o his_o request_n whereupon_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o that_o county_n ready_o submit_v to_o he_o while_o these_o thing_n be_v act_v daniel_n cnute_n have_v settle_v his_o affair_n in_o denmark_n and_o make_v a_o league_n with_o his_o neighbour_n king_n recruit_v his_o army_n and_o navy_n and_o return_v into_o england_n with_o a_o resolution_n either_o to_o win_v it_o or_o to_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o attempt_n arrive_v first_o at_o sandwich_n and_o sail_v thence_o to_o the_o west_n he_o pillage_v dorsetshire_n somersetshire_n and_o wiltshire_n fill_v all_o place_n with_o slaughter_n and_o plunder_n king_n ethelred_n lie_v then_o sick_a at_o cosham_n his_o son_n edmond_n ironside_n and_o duke_n edric_n raise_v a_o army_n against_o cnute_n but_o when_o both_o their_o force_n be_v unite_v to_o fight_v he_o the_o old_a perfidious_a traitor_n edric_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o betray_v edmond_n to_o the_o dane_n or_o treacherous_o to_o slay_v he_o which_o be_v discover_v to_o edmond_n thereupon_o they_o sever_v their_o force_n from_o each_o other_o and_o give_v place_n to_o the_o enemy_n without_o give_v they_o battle_n not_o long_o after_o edric_n entice_v to_o he_o 40_o of_o the_o king_n ship_n furnish_v with_o danish_a mariner_n and_o soldier_n open_o revolt_v and_o go_v with_o they_o to_o cnute_n subject_v himself_o to_o his_o dominion_n as_o his_o sovereign_n by_o who_o example_n all_o west-sex_n submit_v to_o he_o as_o their_o kihg_n deliver_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n resign_v up_o all_o their_o arm_n to_o he_o and_o provide_v both_o horse_n and_o arm_n for_o his_o danish_a army_n the_o mercian_n offer_v themselves_o alone_o to_o resist_v the_o dane_n but_o through_o the_o king_n sloathfulness_n the_o business_n of_o war_n receive_v delay_v and_o the_o enemy_n proceed_v in_o their_o rapine_n without_o opposition_n 1016._o in_o the_o year_n 1016._o king_n cnute_n and_o treacherous_a duke_n edric_n come_v with_o 200_o sail_n of_o ship_n into_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n whence_o they_o march_v by_o land_n with_o a_o great_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o invade_v mercia_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n burn_v all_o the_o town_n and_o village_n and_o slay_v all_o the_o man_n they_o meet_v with_o in_o warwickshire_n and_o other_o place_n whereupon_o king_n ethelred_n as_o huntindon_n wigorniensis_n and_o other_o record_v make_v a_o edict_n 8._o ut_fw-la quicunque_fw-la anglorum_fw-la sanus_fw-la esset_fw-la secum_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la procederet_fw-la that_o every_o englishman_n who_o be_v in_o health_n shall_v go_v with_o he_o in_o battle_n against_o the_o dane_n a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o people_n upon_o this_o assemble_v together_o to_o assist_v he_o but_o when_o he_o and_o his_o son_n edmond_n force_n be_v conjoin_v in_o one_o body_n the_o king_n be_v inform_v that_o some_o of_o his_o auxiliaries_n be_v ready_a to_o betray_v and_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o the_o enemy_n unless_o he_o take_v care_n to_o prevent_v it_o and_o save_v himself_o and_o as_o some_o write_v the_o mercian_n refuse_v to_o â—ight_n with_o the_o westsaxons_a and_o dane_n whereupon_o the_o expedition_n be_v give_v over_o and_o every_o man_n return_v to_o his_o own_o home_n after_o this_o edmund_n ironside_n raise_v a_o great_a army_n than_o before_o against_o cnute_n and_o send_v messenger_n to_o king_n ethelred_n to_o london_n to_o raise_v as_o many_o man_n as_o possible_a he_o can_v and_o speedy_o to_o come_v and_o join_v with_o he_o against_o the_o dane_n but_o he_o for_o fear_n of_o be_v betray_v to_o the_o enemy_n present_o dismiss_v the_o army_n without_o fight_v and_o return_v to_o london_n hereupon_o edâ—_n ironside_n go_v into_o northumberland_n where_o some_o imagine_v he_o will_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o cnute_n the_o dane_n but_o he_o and_o vhâ—red_v earl_n of_o northumberland_n instead_o of_o encounter_v cnute_n waste_v the_o county_n of_o stafford_n shrewsbury_n and_o leicester_n because_o they_o will_v not_o go_v forth_o to_o fight_v against_o the_o dane_n army_n 8._o in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o king_n cnute_n on_o the_o other_o side_n waste_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o county_n of_o buckingham_n bedford_z huntindon_n northampton_n lincoln_n nottingham_n and_o after_o that_o northumberland_n which_o edmond_n be_v inform_v of_o return_v to_o london_n to_o his_o father_n and_o earl_n uhtre_v return_v home_n be_v compel_v by_o necessity_n repair_v to_o cnute_n and_o submit_v himself_o to_o he_o with_o all_o the_o northumbrian_n make_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o and_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o performance_n thereof_o and_o for_o he_o and_o their_o fidelity_n not_o long_o after_o uhtre_v and_o turketel_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n be_v both_o treacherous_o slay_v by_o turebrand_n a_o dane_n by_o cnutes_n command_n or_o commission_n which_o do_v cnute_n make_v one_o hirc_n some_o style_v he_o egric_fw-la earl_n of_o northumberland_n in_o his_o place_n and_o then_o return_v with_o all_o his_o army_n to_o his_o ship_n in_o triumph_n a_o little_a before_o the_o feast_n of_o easter_n with_o a_o very_a great_a booty_n not_o long_o after_o king_n ethelred_n bear_v to_o trouble_n and_o mischief_n after_o manifold_a labour_n vexation_n treachery_n and_o incessant_a tribulation_n end_v his_o wretched_a life_n in_o london_n where_o he_o die_v may_n 9th_o anno_fw-la 1016._o being_n there_o bury_v in_o st_n paul_n church_n find_v rest_n in_o his_o grave_n by_o death_n which_o he_o can_v never_o find_v in_o hiâ—_n throne_n all_o his_o life_n have_v attaineâ—_n it_o by_o treachery_n â—nd_v his_o brother_n sovereign_n murder_n 10._o who_o ghost_n as_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o writeâ—_n do_v perpetual_o vex_v and_o haunt_v he_o all_o his_o râ—ign_n and_o make_v he_o so_o subject_a to_o and_o fearful_a of_o plot_n and_o treachery_n that_o he_o know_v not_o who_o to_o trust_v nor_o ever_o deem_v himself_o secure_a even_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o oft_o raise_a army_n noble_n people_z though_o ready_a to_o adventure_v theiâ—_n live_v for_o his_o defence_n i_o have_v relate_v these_o passage_n of_o the_o danish_a warsâ—_n and_o invasion_n during_o ethelreds_n reign_n more_o large_o than_o i_o intend_v 1._o because_o on_o the_o englishman_n part_n they_o be_v mere_o defensive_a
siege_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n in_o manner_n of_o triumph_n cnute_n and_o edric_n perceive_v the_o valour_n and_o good_a success_n of_o edmond_n conspire_v together_o to_o overcome_v he_o by_o treason_n who_o they_o can_v not_o vanquish_v by_o arm_n for_o which_o end_n edric_n before_o king_n edmond_n march_v to_o london_n as_o some_o or_o soon_o after_o as_o other_o relate_v feign_o revolt_v â—rom_o cnute_n and_o submit_v himself_o again_o to_o edmond_n as_o his_o natural_a lord_n and_o renew_v his_o peace_n with_o he_o fraudent_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v faithful_a to_o he_o only_o that_o he_o may_v betray_v he_o edmond_n two_o day_n after_o he_o have_v chase_v the_o dane_n from_o the_o siege_n of_o london_n pursue_v his_o victory_n pass_v over_o the_o thames_n at_o brentford_n where_o though_o many_o of_o the_o english_a be_v drown_v in_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n through_o their_o carelessness_n yet_o he_o there_o fight_v with_o the_o dane_n the_o four_o or_o â—ather_n five_o time_n rout_v they_o and_o win_v the_o field_n after_o which_o edmoâ—d_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o edric_n march_v again_o into_o west-sex_n to_o raise_v a_o more_o numerous_a army_n to_o supply_v those_o who_o be_v drown_v and_o slay_v in_o this_o last_o battle_n upon_o which_o advantage_n the_o dane_n again_o return_v to_o the_o siege_n at_o london_n environ_v and_o fierce_o assault_v it_o on_o every_o side_n but_o be_v valiant_o repulse_v by_o the_o citizen_n they_o retire_v from_o thence_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o sail_v into_o the_o river_n of_o arewe_n where_o leap_v out_o of_o their_o ship_n theyâ—_n go_v about_o pillage_n in_o mercia_n kill_v all_o they_o meet_v and_o burn_v the_o village_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n with_o a_o great_a booty_n another_o company_n of_o their_o foot_n sail_v up_o the_o river_n of_o meadway_n pillage_v kent_n their_o horse_n march_v thither_o by_o land_n to_o meet_v they_o do_v the_o like_a waste_v all_o place_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n king_n edmond_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n raise_v a_o strong_a army_n out_o of_o all_o england_n pass_v over_o with_o they_o again_o at_o brentford_n to_o fight_v the_o dane_n and_o give_v they_o battle_n near_o oteford_n rout_v the_o whole_a danish_a army_n not_o able_a to_o endure_v his_o fierce_a charge_n and_o pursue_v they_o as_o far_o as_o ilesford_n slay_v many_o thousand_o of_o they_o in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o have_v he_o follow_v the_o pursuit_n further_o it_o be_v conceive_v that_o day_n have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n and_o dane_n for_o ever_o but_o perfidious_a duke_n edric_n by_o his_o most_o wicked_a counsel_n the_o worst_a ever_o give_v in_o england_n cause_v he_o to_o give_v over_o the_o chase_n whereupon_o the_o â—lying_a dane_n escape_v into_o the_o isle_n of_o shepy_a edmond_n return_v into_o west-sex_n to_o observe_v cnute_n motion_n he_o thereupon_o transport_v his_o force_n into_o kent_n who_o begin_v to_o plunder_v and_o waste_v mercia_n far_o worse_o than_o ever_o they_o have_v do_v before_o whereupon_o king_n edmond_n march_v with_o his_o army_n against_o they_o give_v they_o battle_n the_o six_o time_n at_o esesdune_n or_o assendune_n now_o ashdune_n in_o essex_n whereafter_o a_o long_a and_o bloody_a fight_n with_o equal_a valour_n and_o great_a loss_n on_o both_o side_n king_n edmond_n see_v the_o dane_n to_o fight_v more_o valiant_o than_o ever_o before_o leave_v his_o place_n which_o usual_o be_v between_o the_o dragon_n and_o standard_n run_v into_o the_o very_a front_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o break_v in_o like_a thunder_n uâ—on_o the_o enemy_n break_v their_o rank_n pierce_v into_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o they_o and_o make_v way_n for_o other_o to_o follow_v he_o force_v the_o dane_n to_o give_v back_o which_o the_o ever_o traitorous_a edric_n perceive_v â—led_v with_o the_o whole_a squadron_n of_o soldier_n which_o he_o command_v unto_o cnute_n as_o be_v former_o agree_v between_o they_o whereupon_o the_o dane_n become_v the_o strong_a make_v a_o extraordinary_a slaughter_n of_o the_o english_a as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o his_o follower_n sâ—ory_n henry_n huntindon_n relate_v that_o edric_n see_v the_o dane_n go_v to_o ruin_n cry_v out_o to_o the_o english_a army_n fly_z o_o englishman_n â—ly_o englishman_n for_o edmond_n be_v dead_a be_v not_o see_v in_o his_o wont_a place_n and_o cry_v out_o thus_o he_o and_o his_o brigade_n first_o begin_v the_o flight_n whereupon_o the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o english_a follow_v they_o flee_v likewise_o wigorniensis_n inform_v we_o that_o king_n edmond_n before_o this_o battle_n ride_v about_o to_o every_o company_n admonish_v and_o command_v they_o that_o be_v mindful_a of_o their_o pristine_a valour_n and_o victory_n they_o shall_v defend_v themselves_o and_o the_o realm_n from_o the_o avarice_n of_o the_o dane_n be_v now_o to_o fight_v with_o those_o they_o have_v former_o conquer_v â—hat_n perfidious_a duke_n edric_n 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call_v dierhurst_n where_o edmond_n with_o his_o army_n be_v on_o the_o west-part_n of_o the_o river_n severn_n and_o cnute_n on_o the_o eastside_n with_o his_o army_n both_o set_v in_o battle_n array_n ready_a manful_o to_o encounter_v each_o other_o wicked_a duke_n edric_n magnatibus_fw-la convocatis_fw-la call_v the_o noble_n of_o both_o party_n together_o â—pake_v unto_o they_o as_o follow_v as_o matthew_n westminster_n and_o other_o accord_n before_o any_o encounter_n but_o abbot_n ethelred_n record_v that_o both_o army_n than_o fight_v a_o most_o bloody_a battle_n for_o one_o whole_a day_n from_o morning_n to_o night_n a_o innumerable_a company_n be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n without_o any_o victory_n the_o night_n only_o cause_v they_o to_o reâ—ire_v ad_fw-la similem_fw-la ludum_fw-la eundemque_fw-la exitum_fw-la die_fw-la craestina_fw-la reversuri_fw-la both_o army_n be_v weary_v with_o this_o bloody_a sport_n when_o they_o see_v king_n edmond_n force_v daily_o increase_v 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cause_n we_o require_v audience_n that_o we_o may_v utter_v no_o doubtful_a sentenâ—â—_n of_o thing_n
or_o orencester_n not_o winchester_n the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n wherein_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o queen_n emma_n and_o of_o his_o bishop_n and_o baron_n he_o place_v monk_n in_o the_o monastery_n of_o bederichesiorthe_a where_o st._n edmund_n be_v inter_v and_o endow_v the_o monastery_n of_o st._n edmond_n with_o so_o many_o farm_n and_o other_o good_n as_o make_v it_o one_o of_o the_o rich_a in_o all_o england_n as_o those_o historian_n witness_n who_o name_n and_o date_n the_o ignorant_a compiler_n oâ—_n this_o manuscript_n mistake_v who_o antiquity_n and_o reputation_n be_v very_o suspiâ—ious_a as_o 534._o sir_n henry_n spelman_n inform_v we_o first_o because_o sir_n henry_n can_v never_o gain_v the_o sight_n of_o it_o from_o sir_n edward_n cook_n though_o he_o ofttimes_o promise_v to_o lend_v it_o he_o to_o peruse_v for_o his_o satisfaction_n and_o that_o which_o dare_v not_o abide_v the_o sight_n and_o test_n of_o such_o a_o judicious_a learned_a antiquary_n when_o 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parker_n and_o godwin_n attest_v and_o therefore_o he_o may_v as_o gross_o mistake_v in_o other_o thing_n 4_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o recital_n itself_o that_o it_o be_v write_v above_o 130_o year_n at_o least_o after_o this_o council_n under_o cnute_n because_o it_o recite_v it_o precede_v the_o decree_n make_v so_o long_o after_o under_o pope_n eugenius_n an._n 1150._o 5ly_n the_o form_n of_o the_o prologue_n haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la statuta_fw-la etc._n etc._n couple_v with_o ad_fw-la suum_fw-la convocans_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la publico_fw-la parliamento_fw-la and_o aliis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la prove_v it_o not_o to_o be_v write_v before_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o his_o reign_n when_o such_o phrase_n come_v first_o in_o use_n sir_n edward_n cook_n himself_o inform_v we_o in_o his_o epistle_n that_o in_o cnute_n his_o reign_n such_o state-assembly_n be_v style_v uenerandum_fw-la concilium_fw-la sapientum_fw-la &_o sic_fw-la enim_fw-la apuâ—_fw-la majores_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la illud_fw-la latin_a redditur_fw-la 6_o because_o it_o subjoin_v cum_fw-la quamplurimis_fw-la gregarâ—s_fw-la militibus_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la copiosa_fw-la as_o if_o â—hey_n have_v be_v personal_o present_a in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n as_o well_o as_o the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbot_n duke_n and_o noble_n of_o which_o there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n in_o our_o four_o ancient_a historian_n which_o mention_v this_o council_n at_o cirencester_n neither_o can_v these_o gregarii_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v intend_v knight_n of_o shire_n nor_o populi_fw-la multitudine_fw-la copiosa_fw-la commoner_n or_o burgess_n elect_v to_o serve_v in_o parliament_n by_o and_o for_o the_o people_n as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n and_o other_o fancy_n there_o be_v no_o mâ—ntion_n of_o any_o such_o choose_a kngihâ—s_n of_o county_n citizen_n burgess_n or_o commons_o in_o that_o or_o succeed_a age_n till_o about_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hâ—nry_n the_o 3d._n but_o only_o ordinary_a soldier_n and_o the_o vulgar_a sort_n of_o people_n admit_v to_o be_v present_a in_o the_o council_n at_o the_o read_n and_o pass_v of_o the_o charter_n to_o st._n edmond_n as_o they_o be_v now_o admit_v into_o the_o lord_n house_n together_o with_o the_o knight_n and_o burgess_n at_o the_o beginning_n and_o end_n of_o our_o parliament_n and_o upon_o public_a trial_n conference_n and_o occasion_n at_o which_o time_n there_o be_v more_o common_a people_n ten_o to_o one_o usual_o present_a to_o see_v and_o hear_v what_o be_v act_v who_o be_v no_o member_n than_o there_o be_v member_n of_o the_o commons_o house_n which_o never_o sit_v together_o with_o the_o lord_n for_o aught_o appear_v much_o less_o in_o this_o parliament_n as_o some_o confident_o infer_v â—rom_o this_o spurious_a antiquity_n which_o sir_n edward_n cook_n little_o verse_v in_o antiquity_n and_o oft_o mistake_v in_o they_o so_o much_o magnify_v and_o insist_o on_o in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1021._o hoveden_n king_n cnute_n upon_o occasion_n and_o offence_n take_v by_o he_o banish_a duke_n 1021._o turkell_n to_o who_o he_o have_v former_o commit_v east_n england_n with_o edgitha_n his_o wife_n and_o hirc_n duke_n of_o northumberland_n out_o of_o england_n turkell_n no_o soon_o arrive_v in_o denmark_n but_o he_o be_v there_o slay_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o the_o country_n by_o divine_a vengeance_n he_o be_v a_o chief_a inciter_n of_o the_o death_n of_o st._n alphege_n 2._o 404._o the_o english_a &_o dane_n an._n 1022._o 1022._o in_o colloquio_fw-la apud_fw-la oxoniam_fw-la celebrato_fw-la de_fw-la legibus_fw-la regi_fw-la edwardi_fw-la prâ—mitenendis_fw-la coucorâ—es_fw-la facti_fw-la sunt_fw-la unde_fw-la â—isdem_fw-la legibus_fw-la jubente_fw-la rege_fw-la cnutone_n ab_fw-la anglica_n lingua_fw-la in_o latinam_fw-la translatis_fw-la tà m_fw-la in_o dania_n quam_fw-la in_o angliaâ—_n propter_fw-la earum_fw-la aequitatem_fw-la 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win_v and_o knit_v the_o people_n heart_n 11._o anno_fw-la 1024._o 1024._o cnute_n lead_v a_o army_n of_o english_a and_o dane_n against_o the_o swede_n whereof_o he_o lose_v many_o in_o the_o first_o battle_n the_o next_o day_n when_o he_o appoint_v again_o to_o fight_v with_o they_o earl_n godwin_n general_n of_o the_o enlish_a militia_n without_o king_n cnutes_n privity_n resolve_v with_o his_o english_a force_n alone_o to_o invade_v the_o swedish_n enemy_n in_o the_o night_n whereupon_o use_v this_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n ut_fw-la pristinae_fw-la gloriae_fw-la memores_fw-la robur_fw-la suum_fw-la oculis_fw-la novi_fw-la domini_fw-la assererent_fw-la etc._n etc._n they_o alâ—_n valiant_o assault_v the_o enemy_n at_o unaware_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n 8._o slay_v a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o they_o and_o compel_v the_o king_n of_o that_o nation_n ulf_n and_o eglaf_n to_o yield_v to_o term_n of_o peace_n cnute_n prepare_v to_o fight_v very_o early_a the_o next_o morning_n think_v the_o english_a have_v be_v either_o flee_v away_o or_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n but_o march_v to_o the_o enemy_n tent_n and_o find_v nothing_o but_o the_o blood_n and_o carcase_n of_o those_o the_o english_a have_v slay_v he_o thereupon_o ever_o after_o have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n who_o by_o this_o their_o victory_n comitatum_fw-la duci_fw-la sibi_fw-la laudem_fw-la paraverunt_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n cnute_n return_v joyful_a of_o this_o victory_n into_o england_n and_o bestow_v a_o earldom_n on_o godwin_n for_o this_o service_n 1030._o in_o the_o year_n 1027._o cnute_n hear_v that_o the_o norwegian_n disesteem_v olaus_n their_o king_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o simplicity_n other_o bribe_v his_o noble_n with_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o reject_v olaus_n and_o elect_v he_o for_o their_o king_n which_o they_o promise_v to_o do_v the_o next_o year_n he_o fail_v into_o norwey_n with_o 50_o ship_n thrust_v olaus_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n by_o consent_n of_o his_o noble_n and_o subdue_v his_o realm_n to_o himself_o whence_o return_v into_o england_n an._n 1029._o hâ—conem_fw-la danicum_fw-la comitem_fw-la quasi_fw-la legationis_fw-la causa_fw-la in_fw-la exilium_fw-la misit_fw-la
king_n himself_o 7._o that_o no_o subject_n can_v then_o by_o law_n wage_v battle_n against_o the_o king_n in_o a_o appeal_n 8._o that_o the_o murder_n of_o prince_n alfred_n than_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n in_o the_o time_n of_o harold_n a_o actual_a king_n by_o usurpation_n without_o any_o good_a title_n by_o his_o command_n be_v repute_v a_o treasonable_a offence_n in_o earl_n godwin_n for_o which_o he_o forfeit_v his_o land_n and_o be_v force_v to_o purchase_v his_o pardon_n and_o land_n restitution_n with_o a_o great_a fine_a and_o sum_n to_o the_o king_n 9_o that_o though_o the_o author_n of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n &_o caxton_n out_o of_o he_o â—tâ—le_v this_o assembly_n parliamentum_fw-la a_o parliament_n 1043._o not_o a_o council_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o according_a to_o the_o style_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o he_o write_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o as_o 41._o mr._n selden_n prove_v not_o according_a to_o the_o dialect_n of_o the_o age_n wherein_o it_o be_v hold_v to_o which_o the_o term_n parliamentum_fw-la be_v a_o mere_a stranger_n and_o concilium_fw-la magnum_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o usual_a name_n express_v such_o assembly_n speed_n king_n edward_n anno_fw-la 1643._o immediate_o after_o his_o coronation_n come_v sudden_o from_o gloucester_n to_o winchester_n attend_v with_o earl_n godwin_n siward_n and_o leofric_n and_o by_o their_o advice_n forcible_o take_v from_o his_o mother_n queen_n emma_n all_o her_o gold_n silver_z jewel_n and_o precious_a stone_n and_o whatever_o rich_a thing_n else_o she_o possess_v command_v only_a necessary_n to_o be_v administer_v to_o she_o there_o 2.4_o the_o cause_n of_o which_o unjust_a act_n some_o affirm_v to_o be_v godwin_n malice_n towards_o she_o other_o affirm_v it_o to_o be_v her_o unnaturalness_n to_o king_n ethelred_n her_o first_o husband_n and_o her_o own_o son_n by_o he_o alfred_n and_o edward_n in_o love_v and_o marry_v cnute_n their_o enemy_n and_o supplant_a 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red_a hot_a ploughshare_n without_o any_o harm_n whereupon_o the_o king_n crave_v mercy_n and_o pardon_n from_o she_o for_o the_o infamy_n and_o injury_n do_v unto_o she_o for_o which_o he_o be_v discipline_v and_o whip_v by_o his_o mother_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n there_o present_a anno_fw-la 1044._o 1044._o graâ—ton_n there_o be_v generale_fw-mi concilium_fw-la celebratun_n a_o general_n council_n hold_v at_o london_n wherein_o wolmâ—r_n be_v elect_v abbot_n of_o evesham_n and_o this_o year_n king_n edward_n de_fw-fr communi_fw-la concidio_fw-la procerum_fw-la suorum_fw-la as_o bromton_n and_o other_o write_v moâ—t_o likely_a when_o assemble_v in_o the_o council_n at_o london_n marry_v edith_n daughter_n of_o earl_n godwin_n in_o patrocinium_fw-la regni_fw-la svi_fw-la he_o be_v the_o moâ—t_o potent_a man_n in_o all_o the_o realm_n there_o be_v in_o her_o breast_n a_o magazine_n of_o all_o liberal_a virtue_n 5.2_o and_o this_o same_o year_n most_o probable_a by_o this_o same_o 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soldier_n sed_fw-la quia_fw-la leofrico_fw-la comiti_fw-la et_fw-la omni_fw-la populo_fw-la id_fw-la non_fw-la vidâ—batur_fw-la consilium_fw-la &_o caeteri_fw-la proceres_fw-la dissuaserunt_fw-la 6.9_o nullum_fw-la ei_fw-la mittere_fw-la voluit_fw-la but_o because_o that_o council_n seem_v not_o good_a to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o all_o the_o people_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o noble_n dissuade_v he_o from_o it_o he_o will_v send_v no_o ship_n to_o he_o magnus_n furnish_v with_o a_o great_a navy_n fight_v with_o swain_n and_o after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n expel_v he_o out_o of_o denmark_n reign_v in_o it_o and_o compel_v the_o dane_n to_o pay_v he_o a_o great_a tribute_n 1048._o 3.9_o harold_n harvager_n king_n of_o norwey_n anno_fw-la 1048._o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n edward_n offering_z peace_n and_o friendship_n to_o he_o which_o he_o embrace_v also_o swain_n king_n of_o denmark_n send_v other_o ambassador_n to_o he_o this_o year_n request_v a_o naval_a assistance_n of_o ship_n from_o he_o but_o although_o earl_n godwin_n be_v willing_a that_o at_o least_o fifty_o ship_n shall_v be_v send_v he_o yet_o none_o be_v send_v because_o earl_n leofric_n omnisque_fw-la populus_fw-la uno_n over_o contradixerunt_fw-la and_o all_o the_o people_n contradict_v it_o with_o one_o voice_n 295.296_o abbot_n ingulphus_n record_v that_o wulgat_v abbot_n of_o s._n pâ—ga_n who_o abbey_n be_v quite_o destroy_v and_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o dane_n have_v a_o long_a suit_n in_o the_o king_n court_n with_o three_o abbot_n of_o burgh_n concern_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o abbey_n especial_o with_o abbot_n leofric_n with_o who_o he_o most_o strong_o contend_v sed_fw-la regis_fw-la curia_fw-la nimium_fw-la fav_fw-mi â—nte_fw-la potentiori_fw-la &_o contra_fw-la pauperem_fw-la sententiante_fw-la tandem_fw-la sedem_fw-la monasterii_fw-la svi_fw-la perdidit_fw-la tanta_fw-la fuit_fw-la abbatis_fw-la leofrici_fw-la pecunia_fw-la 4.5_o tanta_fw-la comitis_fw-la godwini_fw-la potentia_fw-la which_o he_o thus_o repeat_v hillo_o in_o tempore_fw-la venerabilis_fw-la pater_fw-la wulgatus_fw-la abbas_n pegelandiae_fw-la diutissimam_fw-la calumniam_fw-la passus_fw-la ab_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la burgi_n elfrico_fw-la arwino_fw-la &_o leofrico_n abbatiae_fw-la suae_fw-la sedem_fw-la amittens_fw-la tandem_fw-la succubuit_fw-la &_o proâ—_n nefas_n totum_fw-la situm_fw-la monasterii_fw-la svi_fw-la judicio_fw-la regalis_fw-la curiae_fw-la perdidit_fw-la tantum_n tunc_fw-la potuit_fw-la super_fw-la justitiam_fw-la pecunia_fw-la contra_fw-la veritatem_fw-la versutia_fw-la &_o in_o curia_fw-la regis_fw-la hardecnuti_n godwini_fw-la potentia_fw-la after_o which_o he_o add_v that_o in_o the_o year_n 1048._o when_o the_o say_a abbot_n wulgat_v have_v lose_v the_o site_n of_o his_o monastery_n have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o new_a monastery_n in_o his_o manor_n of_o northburt_n next_o adjoin_v to_o the_o old_a intend_v to_o translate_v his_o abbey_n thither_o and_o diligent_o labour_v to_o re-edify_v a_o church_n dormitory_n with_o other_o claustral_a office_n there_o be_v assist_v with_o the_o alm_n of_o many_o believer_n fernoâ—us_n a_o k_o t._n l_o d._n of_o bosworth_n open_o show_v out_o of_o the_o abbot_n own_o write_n that_o the_o say_a manor_n of_o northburt_n be_v give_v by_o his_o progenitor_n to_o the_o monastery_n of_o s._n pâ—ga_n and_o to_o the_o monk_n there_o serve_v god_n whence_o by_o consequence_n he_o allege_v that_o see_v abbot_n wulgat_v and_o his_o monk_n do_v not_o serve_v god_n and_o s._n pega_n from_o thâ—t_a time_n forward_o in_o that_o place_n where_o the_o old_a monastery_n stand_v that_o they_o ought_v not_o from_o henceforth_o to_o enjoy_v the_o say_a manor_n acceptatum_fw-la est_fw-la hoc_fw-la a_fw-la regis_fw-la justitiario_n et_fw-la confestim_fw-la adjudicatum_fw-la est_fw-la dictum_fw-la manerium_fw-la de_fw-la northburt_n cum_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la pertinentiis_fw-la praedicto_fw-la militi_fw-la fernoto_fw-la &_o tanquam_fw-la jus_o suum_fw-la haereditarium_fw-la de_fw-la monachis_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la sanctae_fw-la pegae_n alienatum_fw-la perpetuo_fw-la &_o sublatum_fw-la quod_fw-la tum_fw-la per_fw-la universum_fw-la regnum_fw-la citius_fw-la â—uisset_fw-la cognitum_fw-la scilicet_fw-la abbatum_fw-la de_fw-fr peikirk_n
themselves_o suspect_v think_v it_o not_o safe_a for_o they_o to_o come_v thither_o without_o a_o arm_a guard_n whereupon_o they_o encamp_v at_o brâ—verstone_n with_o a_o great_a host_n and_o there_o stay_v give_v out_o a_o report_n among_o the_o people_n 9_o that_o they_o have_v therefore_o gather_v a_o army_n together_o out_o of_o kent_n surry_n yorkshire_n oxfordshire_n glocestershire_n somersetshire_n herfordshire_n essâ—x_n notinghamshire_n and_o other_o part_n that_o they_o may_v curb_v the_o welshman_n who_o meditate_v tyranny_n and_o rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n have_v fortify_v a_o town_n in_o herefordshire_n where_o swain_n one_o of_o the_o earl_n godwin_n son_n than_o pretend_v to_o keep_v watch_n and_o ward_n against_o they_o the_o king_n hear_v that_o godwin_n and_o his_o sonnâ—s_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n of_o man_n out_o of_o all_o these_o county_n upon_o this_o false_a pretext_n present_o send_v messenger_n to_o syward_a earl_n of_o northumberland_n and_o 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answer_n that_o he_o will_v not_o deliver_v up_o earl_n eustace_n 2._o to_o he_o command_v moreover_o ut_fw-la qui_fw-la exercitum_fw-la contra_fw-la ipsum_fw-la collegerat_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la eâ—us_fw-la licentia_fw-la pacem_fw-la regne_n perturbaverat_fw-la veniret_fw-la ad_fw-la eum_fw-la die_fw-la statuta_fw-la sâ—per_fw-la hac_fw-la injuria_fw-la sibi_fw-la responsurus_fw-la &_o juri_fw-la pariturus_fw-la godwin_n and_o his_o son_n be_v accuse_v of_o a_o conspiracy_n against_o the_o king_n and_o make_v odious_a to_o the_o whole_a court_n by_o the_o welshman_n and_o norman_n so_o that_o a_o rumour_n be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o the_o king_n army_n will_v assault_v they_o in_o the_o same_o place_n where_o they_o quarter_v and_o be_v unanimous_o resolve_v and_o ready_a to_o fight_v with_o godwin_n army_n be_v much_o incense_a against_o he_o if_o the_o king_n will_v have_v permit_v they_o quo_fw-la accepto_fw-la godwinus_fw-la ad_fw-la conjuratos_fw-la classicum_fw-la cecinit_fw-la ut_fw-la ultro_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la non_fw-la resisterent_fw-la sed_fw-la si_fw-la conventi_fw-la suissent_fw-la quin_fw-la se_fw-la ulciscerentur_fw-la loco_fw-la non_fw-la cederent_fw-la &_o profecto_fw-la facinus_fw-la miserabile_fw-la &_o plus_fw-la quam_fw-la civil_a bellum_fw-la fuisset_fw-la nisi_fw-la maturiora_fw-la consilia_fw-la interessent_fw-la write_v malmsbury_n but_o because_o the_o best_a and_o great_a man_n of_o all_o england_n be_v engage_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o other_o it_o seem_v a_o great_a unadvisednesse_n to_o earl_n leofric_n and_o other_o that_o they_o shall_v fight_v a_o battle_n and_o wage_v war_n with_o their_o own_o countryman_n and_o thereupon_o they_o advise_v that_o hostage_n be_v give_v on_o both_o side_n the_o king_n and_o godwin_n shall_v meet_v at_o london_n on_o a_o certain_a day_n to_o plead_v together_o which_o counsel_n be_v approve_v of_o and_o messenger_n run_v to_o and_o fro_o between_o they_o hostage_n be_v give_v and_o receive_v and_o some_o small_a agreement_n make_v between_o they_o at_o the_o present_a thereupon_o the_o earl_n return_v into_o west-sax_n and_o the_o king_n increase_v his_o army_n both_o out_o of_o mercia_n and_o northumberland_n return_v with_o they_o to_o london_n by_o agreement_n between_o both_o party_n iterumque_fw-la praeceptum_fw-la ut_fw-la londini_fw-la concilium_fw-la coageretur_fw-la and_o it_o be_v again_o command_v by_o the_o king_n that_o a_o council_n or_o parliament_n 6._o as_o trevisa_n speed_n and_o other_o render_v iâ—_n shall_v be_v assemble_v at_o london_n swain_n the_o son_n of_o godwin_n be_v command_v to_o mitigate_v the_o king_n anger_n by_o his_o flight_n godwin_n and_o harold_n be_v order_v to_o come_v to_o this_o council_n with_o twelve_o man_n only_o in_o their_o company_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v resign_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o service_n of_o all_o the_o knight_n and_o soldier_n which_o they_o have_v throughout_o england_n but_o godwin_n and_o his_o son_n as_o they_o dare_v not_o wage_v war_n against_o the_o king_n so_o ad_fw-la curiam_fw-la ejus_fw-la venire_fw-la juri_fw-la parituri_fw-la negabant_fw-la they_o will_v not_o come_v to_o his_o court_n to_o put_v themselves_o upon_o a_o legal_a trial_n allege_v that_o they_o will_v not_o go_v to_o a_o conventicle_n of_o factious_a person_n without_o pledge_n and_o hostage_n that_o they_o will_v obey_v their_o lord_n in_o the_o surrender_n of_o all_o their_o knight_n service_n and_o in_o all_o thing_n else_o without_o the_o peril_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o safety_n that_o if_o they_o come_v thither_o unarm_v they_o may_v fear_v the_o loss_n of_o lifâ—_n if_o with_o a_o few_o follower_n it_o will_v be_v a_o reproach_n to_o their_o honour_n but_o the_o king_n be_v so_o resolute_a in_o his_o mind_n that_o he_o will_v not_o recede_v from_o what_o he_o have_v resolve_v by_o their_o entreaty_n â—pon_o their_o refusal_n to_o come_v unto_o his_o court_n to_o justify_v themselves_o rex_fw-la in_o svo_fw-la concilio_n communi_fw-la curiae_fw-la suae_fw-la judicio_fw-la by_o the_o common_a judgement_n of_o his_o court_n 2.6_o in_o this_o parliamentary_a council_n et_fw-la omnis_fw-la exercitus_fw-la unanimi_fw-la consensu_fw-la and_o by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n as_o flo-rence_a of_o worcester_n and_o his_o follower_n subjoyne_v banish_v godwin_n himself_o and_o his_o five_o son_n out_o of_o england_n whereupon_o prolatum_fw-la edictum_fw-la est_fw-la a_o decree_n &_o proclamation_n be_v then_o publish_v that_o within_o five_o day_n they_o shall_v depart_v out_o of_o england_n godwin_n perceve_v that_o his_o soldier_n desert_v he_o some_o &_o some_o â—or_a fear_n of_o the_o king_n army_n and_o displeasure_n thereupon_o he_o and_o his_o wife_n gâ—va_n and_o his_o three_o son_n swain_n gurth_n and_o tosti_n with_o his_o wife_n judith_n daughter_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o flanders_n depart_v present_o out_o of_o england_n by_o the_o isle_n of_o thanet_n into_o flanders_n to_o earl_n baldwin_n with_o much_o treasure_n but_o his_o other_o two_o soâ—nâ—s_n harold_n and_o leofric_n sail_v by_o bristol_n into_o ireland_n moreover_o the_o king_n put_v away_o his_o queen_n edâ—tha_v for_o her_o father_n godwin_n sake_n thrust_v she_o into_o the_o abbey_n of_o warwel_n or_o redwel_n without_o worship_n with_o one_o maid_n only_o to_o attend_v she_o commit_v she_o to_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o abbess_n his_o own_o sister_n take_v away_o all_o her_o substance_n without_o leave_v she_o so_o much_o as_o one_o penny_n 82._o ne_fw-la scilicet_fw-la omnibus_fw-la suis_fw-la parentibus_fw-la patriam_fw-la suspirantâ—bus_fw-la sola_fw-la sterteret_fw-la in_o pluma_fw-la harold_n earldom_n and_o county_n wâ—a_v bestow_v on_o algarus_fw-la who_o rule_v it_o noble_o and_o he_o with_o good_a will_n resign_v it_o up_o to_o harold_n upon_o his_o return_n these_o thing_n be_v do_v william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n come_v to_o visit_v the_o king_n with_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o norman_n and_o soldier_n who_o king_n edward_n honourable_o receive_v and_o magnificent_o entertain_v for_o a_o season_n carry_v he_o about_o to_o all_o his_o royal_a castle_n and_o city_n and_o at_o last_o send_v back_o into_o normandy_n with_o many_o and_o great_a present_n bestow_v on_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n de_fw-fr successione_n autem_fw-la regni_fw-la spes_fw-la adhuc_fw-la aut_fw-la menâ—io_fw-la nulla_fw-la facta_fw-la inter_fw-la eos_fw-la fuit_fw-la write_v 898._o iâ—gulphus_n 4._o king_n edward_n in_o parliamento_fw-la pleno_fw-la have_v in_o plain_a or_o full_a parliament_n as_o radulphus_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la knighton_n de_fw-la eventibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la l._n 1._o c._n 10._o trevisa_n and_o other_o relate_v thus_o banish_v and_o outlaw_v godwin_n and_o his_o son_n in_o which_o in_o condition_n as_o some_o write_v they_o continue_v two_o full_a year_n thereupon_o in_o the_o year_n 1052._o harold_n and_o leofric_n by_o way_n of_o revenge_v come_v out_o of_o ireland_n with_o such_o ship_n and_o force_n as_o they_o can_v there_o raise_v pillage_v the_o western_a part_n of_o englandâ—_n â—_z infest_v the_o shore_n with_o continual_a robbery_n carry_v away_o rich_a booty_n
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of_o chester_n and_o yorkshire_n encounter_v he_o with_o their_o force_n by_o land_n and_o harold_n navy_n by_o sea_n with_o some_o loss_n of_o their_o man_n rout_v and_o drive_v he_o from_o thence_o into_o scotland_n where_o after_o some_o stay_n harold_n harfager_n king_n of_o denmark_n after_o his_o conquest_n of_o the_o orcades_n by_o tosti_n his_o solicitation_n come_v into_o the_o river_n of_o tine_n with_o 300._o other_o write_z 500_o ship_n where_o they_o both_o unite_v their_o force_n intend_v to_o subdue_v and_o conquer_v england_n then_o land_v their_o soldier_n in_o northumberland_n they_o waste_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n where_o ever_o they_o come_v whereupon_o earl_n morcar_n and_o earl_n edwin_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n raise_v all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v against_o they_o and_o give_v they_o battle_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a manner_n be_v rout_v by_o they_o many_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o field_n and_o the_o rest_n enforce_v to_o fly_v into_o york_n for_o shelter_n which_o the_o enemy_n besiege_v be_v present_o surrender_v up_o to_o they_o and_o hostage_n deliver_v they_o after_o the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o citizen_n nobles_z and_o clergyman_n upon_o this_o king_n harold_n recollect_v his_o disband_v army_n and_o navy_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o york_n against_o the_o dane_n norwegean_n and_o his_o brother_n tosti_n but_o come_v to_o hamford_n bridge_n one_o valiant_a dane_n with_o his_o battle_n axe_n â—lew_v 40_o of_o his_o man_n and_o make_v good_a the_o bridge_n against_o the_o whole_a army_n for_o a_o long_a space_n till_o at_o last_o some_o go_n under_o the_o bridge_n in_o a_o boat_n slay_v he_o with_o a_o spear_n both_o army_n join_v battle_n after_o a_o long_a and_o bloody_a fight_n harfager_n and_o tosti_n with_o may_v other_o of_o note_n be_v slay_v their_o whole_a army_n rout_v all_o their_o ship_n take_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o of_o the_o brave_a english_a soldier_n and_o 20_o of_o their_o ship_n only_o permit_v to_o depart_v into_o denmark_n with_o their_o wound_a man_n and_o oâ—aus_n harfager_n son_n who_o to_o save_v his_o life_n take_v a_o oath_n never_o from_o thence_o forth_o to_o attempt_v any_o hostility_n or_o invasion_n against_o the_o english_a confessoris_fw-la this_o victory_n abbot_n ailred_n ascribe_v to_o the_o merit_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n who_o promise_v to_o be_v the_o captain_n and_o protector_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n against_o those_o enemy_n who_o invade_v the_o realm_n contrary_a to_o right_n and_o law_n and_o promise_v they_o the_o victory_n over_o they_o but_o harold_n ascribe_v it_o to_o his_o own_o valour_n instead_o of_o reward_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o vanquish_a enemy_n as_o the_o price_n of_o their_o blood_n out_o of_o a_o base_a unworthy_a avarice_n convert_v all_o the_o spoil_n and_o booty_n to_o his_o own_o private_a use_n give_v no_o part_n of_o they_o to_o any_o other_o wherewith_o many_o
adventure_v their_o life_n body_n soulâ—_n and_o their_o whole_a kingdom_n utter_a ruin_n than_o part_n with_o their_o usurp_a supremacy_n 10._o that_o the_o most_o unrighteous_a usurper_n of_o the_o royal_a throne_n by_o apparent_a perjury_n fraud_n force_n treachery_n will_v feign_v forge_n publish_v some_o specious_a pretext_n or_o other_o of_o title_n or_o popular_a election_n to_o palliate_v or_o extenuate_v their_o intrusion_n to_o avoid_v the_o infamy_n of_o tyrant_n and_o usurper_n and_o take_v off_o the_o odium_n of_o their_o most_o unrighteous_a intrusion_n of_o which_o we_o see_v footstep_n both_o in_o harold_n william_n then_o and_o rich._n 3._o of_o late_a 11._o that_o unjust_a invader_n of_o crown_n for_o the_o most_o part_n bring_v many_o misery_n trouble_n war_n and_o ruin_n not_o only_o on_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n but_o likewise_o on_o their_o kingdom_n and_o people_n as_o harold_n do_v 12._o that_o royal_a usurper_n when_o they_o be_v most_o successful_a insolent_a and_o secure_a as_o harold_n after_o his_o victory_n in_o the_o north_n be_v near_a great_a danger_n and_o ruin_n 13._o that_o such_o usurper_n be_v common_o very_o vigilant_a and_o industrious_a to_o preserve_v their_o own_o interest_n and_o power_n under_o pretext_n of_o the_o common_a defence_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o nation_n yet_o more_o rely_v on_o their_o mercenary_a force_n than_o the_o unmercinary_a militia_n of_o the_o nation_n 14._o that_o usurper_n though_o they_o may_v have_v many_o flatterer_n and_o seem_a friend_n to_o write_v and_o act_n for_o they_o while_o in_o prosperity_n yet_o be_v common_o general_o desert_v both_o by_o noble_n people_z yea_o their_o own_o endear_a friend_n and_o kindred_n in_o their_o great_a danger_n when_o they_o need_v they_o most_o as_o harold_n be_v 15._o that_o few_o english_a noble_n gentry_n or_o commons_o will_v ready_o adventure_v their_o life_n in_o a_o usurper_n quarrel_n when_o and_o where_o his_o title_n stand_v in_o competition_n with_o a_o better_a and_o clear_a right_n as_o most_o of_o they_o desert_a harold_n 16._o that_o the_o reign_n of_o perjure_a invader_n of_o other_o throne_n be_v common_o 36._o very_o short_a full_a of_o warâ—_n trouble_n fear_n jealousy_n and_o their_o end_n for_o the_o most_o part_n bloody_a tragical_a as_o be_v herald_n and_o rich._n 3._o 17._o that_o the_o sordid_a covetousness_n of_o king_n and_o general_n in_o oppress_v their_o people_n and_o deprive_v their_o subject_n and_o soldier_n of_o their_o just_a and_o lawful_a spoil_n after_o victory_n over_o the_o enemy_n be_v a_o ready_a mean_n to_o alienate_v their_o affection_n and_o cause_v a_o defection_n from_o they_o to_o their_o opposite_n 18._o that_o when_o god_n have_v design_v a_o perjure_a usurper_n or_o nation_n ruin_v for_o their_o cry_a sin_n he_o sudden_o stir_v up_o unexpected_a enemy_n and_o instrument_n to_o effect_n occasion_n to_o facilitate_v it_o and_o so_o infatuate_v they_o that_o they_o become_v altogether_o uncapable_a of_o any_o good_a advice_n and_o reject_v all_o proposition_n and_o accommodation_n that_o may_v prevent_v the_o sâ—me_n as_o harold_n obstinate_o do_v 19_o that_o none_o be_v more_o forward_o public_o to_o appeal_v to_o god_n himself_o for_o to_o judge_v and_o decide_v the_o justice_n of_o their_o cause_n and_o proceed_n than_o the_o most_o perjurious_a and_o unrighteous_a usurper_n that_o when_o such_o presumptuous_o and_o atheistical_o dare_v open_o appeal_v to_o god_n himself_o for_o justice_n against_o their_o opposite_n or_o competitor_n he_o usual_o cut_v they_o off_o by_o exemplary_a death_n and_o fatal_a overthrow_v as_o he_o do_v harold_n both_o to_o manifest_v his_o severe_a justice_n and_o indignation_n against_o such_o atheistical_a and_o hypocritical_a apellant_n and_o appeal_n and_o to_o deter_v all_o other_o from_o such_o practice_n 20._o that_o all_o sacred_a oath_n and_o swear_a contract_n solemn_o make_v to_o other_o in_o thing_n lawful_a or_o indifferent_a be_v it_o through_o fear_n or_o voluntary_o upon_o premeditation_n ought_v religious_o and_o inviolable_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o not_o wilful_o infringe_v or_o elude_v by_o shift_n and_o pretence_n as_o here_o by_o harold_n 21._o that_o god_n soon_o or_o late_a do_v usual_o avenge_v in_o a_o exemplary_a manner_n the_o perjurious_a wilful_a breach_n of_o solemn_a oath_n even_o in_o king_n themselves_o and_o the_o great_a person_n who_o detestable_a perjury_n oft_o bring_v sudden_a destruction_n both_o upon_o themselves_o their_o kindred_n posterity_n and_o whole_a army_n and_o kingdom_n too_o as_o in_o the_o case_n of_o harold_n 22_o that_o perjure_a person_n fight_v in_o a_o cause_n direct_o against_o their_o corporal_a oath_n can_v expect_v no_o other_o success_n in_o battle_n but_o either_o flight_n or_o death_n and_o that_o one_o battle_n may_v both_o lose_v and_o win_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n so_o unstable_a be_v even_o kingdom_n themselves_o 23._o that_o the_o barbarous_a murder_n the_o cruel_a oppression_n of_o innocent_a people_n be_v apt_a to_o stirrup_n a_o universal_a insurrection_n against_o their_o governor_n and_o instrument_n and_o usual_o end_v in_o the_o dethron_n expulsion_n death_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o author_n of_o they_o of_o which_o tosti_n yield_v we_o a_o notable_a precedent_n and_o that_o people_n when_o once_o just_o enrage_v against_o such_o bloody_a tyrannical_a oppressor_n become_v altogether_o implacable_a and_o will_v never_o brook_v their_o future_a government_n over_o they_o 24._o that_o base_a carnal_a fear_n in_o time_n of_o imminent_a danger_n usual_o disjoint_n those_o person_n counsel_n force_n who_o the_o common_a danger_n shall_v more_o unite_v and_o make_v they_o desert_n the_o probabl_a mean_n of_o their_o public_a preservation_n liberty_n peace_n settlement_n by_o set_v up_o the_o right_a heir_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o edgar_n here_o against_o the_o intrusion_n and_o pretence_n of_o all_o usurp_a invader_n of_o the_o sovereign_a power_n 25._o that_o a_o few_o timorous_a counsellor_n great_a person_n or_o clergyman_n in_o time_n of_o danger_n be_v apt_a to_o disappoint_v the_o magnanimous_a resolution_n and_o daunt_v the_o heroical_a spirit_n of_o such_o who_o be_v most_o cordial_o affect_v both_o to_o their_o native_a country_n law_n liberty_n and_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n and_o to_o draw_v they_o to_o unworthy_a compliance_n with_o they_o against_o both_o 26._o that_o stout_a resolute_a real_a patron_n of_o their_o native_a country_n law_n and_o liberty_n will_v then_o appear_v most_o cordial_o zealous_a to_o protect_v own_o and_o fight_v for_o they_o when_o they_o be_v in_o great_a danger_n to_o be_v lose_v and_o most_o disowned_a desert_a betray_v by_o other_o timorous_a and_o time-serving_a person_n witness_v the_o example_n of_o abbot_n fredâ—rick_n stigand_n egâ—lsine_n and_o the_o kentish_a man_n 27._o that_o true_a heroic_a english_a freeman_n prefer_v their_o old_a native_a liberty_n law_n custom_n bâ—fore_o their_o life_n and_o will_v rather_o die_v fight_v for_o they_o in_o the_o field_n than_o depart_v with_o they_o upon_o any_o term_n to_o a_o victorious_a sovereign_n or_o subject_n themselves_o to_o the_o leâ—st_o public_a servitude_n the_o name_n whereof_o have_v be_v ever_o odious_a to_o they_o much_o more_o the_o thing_n itself_o 28._o that_o the_o best_a mean_n to_o preserve_v our_o public_a law_n liberty_n custom_n against_o all_o invader_n of_o they_o be_v manful_o resolute_o and_o unanimous_o to_o stand_v up_o in_o their_o defence_n both_o by_o word_n and_o deed_n when_o they_o be_v most_o endanger_v that_o such_o person_n county_n place_n who_o have_v appear_v most_o stout_a and_o resolute_a in_o their_o defence_n when_o other_o have_v general_o desert_v surrender_v or_o betray_v they_o have_v thereby_o preserve_v secure_v perpetuate_v they_o to_o themselves_o and_o their_o posterity_n when_o all_o else_o have_v lose_v and_o be_v deprive_v of_o they_o yea_o gain_a immortal_a honour_n and_o precedency_n of_o all_o other_o to_o boot_v witness_v the_o kenâ—ish-men_n 29._o that_o the_o stout_a maintainer_n of_o their_o country_n law_n and_o liberty_n be_v common_o most_o odious_a to_o most_o injure_a oppress_v by_o tyrannical_a sovereign_n though_o upon_o other_o pretence_n witness_v archbishop_n stigand_n abbot_n frederick_n and_o egelsine_n yet_o this_o must_v not_o deterâ—_n they_o from_o their_o duty_n 30._o that_o no_o age_n or_o person_n ever_o yet_o repute_v conquest_n a_o just_a safe_a prudent_a title_n or_o pretext_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n but_o ever_o disclaim_v it_o as_o most_o absurd_a and_o dangerous_a to_o their_o interest_n 31._o that_o the_o murder_a or_o disinherit_n of_o the_o right_a heir_n to_o the_o crown_n have_v be_v the_o principal_a occasion_n and_o groundwork_n of_o all_o the_o great_a sad_a revolution_n of_o government_n in_o this_o island_n and_o of_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o kingdom_n from_o the_o 38._o briton_n to_o the_o saxon_n from_o the_o saxon_n to_o
english_a till_o then_o be_v frée-born_a and_o the_o name_n of_o bondage_n never_o hear_v among_o they_o and_o they_o among_o the_o rest_n but_o now_o nothing_o but_o servitude_n attend_v they_o in_o case_n they_o unworthy_o yield_v as_o other_o have_v do_v to_o the_o insolency_n of_o this_o gripe_a enemy_n whereupon_o by_o common_a advice_n all_o the_o people_n decree_v and_o declare_v to_o meeâ—_n duke_n william_n et_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la pro_fw-la patrâ—is_fw-la legibus_fw-la certare_fw-la and_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o for_o the_o law_n of_o their_o country_n choose_v rather_o to_o end_v a_o unhappy_a life_n by_o fight_v for_o they_o in_o the_o field_n than_o to_o undergo_v the_o unaccustomed_a yoke_n of_o bondage_n or_o to_o be_v reduce_v from_o their_o accustom_a liberty_n to_o a_o unknown_a and_o unsure_a slavery_n the_o archbishop_n and_o abbot_n choose_v rather_o to_o die_v in_o battle_n than_o to_o behold_v the_o misery_n of_o their_o nation_n after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o holy_a maccabee_n become_v the_o captain_n of_o the_o kentish_a army_n resolve_v to_o die_v in_o defence_n of_o their_o country_n and_o law_n whereupon_o they_o all_o resolve_v to_o meet_v together_o at_o swanscomb_n two_o mile_n from_o gravesend_n at_o a_o set_a time_n where_o assemble_v according_o they_o secret_o keep_v together_o in_o the_o wood_n watch_v the_o duke_n approach_n all_o joint_o agree_v to_o block_n up_o his_o passage_n on_o all_o side_n and_o to_o surround_v the_o duke_n and_o his_o army_n on_o a_o sudden_a that_o they_o may_v not_o escape_v they_o every_o one_o of_o the_o horse_n and_o footman_n carry_v a_o green_a bough_n in_o his_o hand_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v discover_v and_o wherewith_o if_o need_n be_v they_o may_v impeach_v and_o hedge_v up_o the_o norman_n passage_n the_o duke_n march_v the_o next_o day_n through_o the_o field_n near_o swanscomb_n the_o whole_a multitude_n of_o the_o kentishman_n like_o a_o movable_a wood_n surround_v he_o approach_v near_a and_o near_o to_o he_o with_o a_o loâ—t_a pace_n which_o stratagem_n so_o daunt_v the_o duke_n even_o with_o the_o very_a sight_n of_o their_o approach_n who_o be_v as_o he_o think_v free_a from_o all_o enemy_n be_v now_o sudden_o beset_v on_o all_o side_n with_o these_o move_a wood_n that_o he_o know_v not_o but_o all_o the_o other_o vast_a wood_n he_o see_v may_v be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n neither_o have_v he_o time_n to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n the_o kentishman_n have_v thus_o enclose_v he_o round_o about_o cast_v down_o their_o bough_n bend_a their_o bow_n draw_v out_o their_o sword_n shake_v their_o pike_n hold_v forth_o their_o other_o arm_n displayed_z their_o banner_n and_o sound_v their_o trumpet_n in_o token_n of_o battle_n the_o duke_n and_o his_o army_n be_v herewith_o astonish_v though_o so_o puff_v up_o with_o their_o former_a late_a victory_n that_o they_o have_v even_o now_o to_o their_o seem_n the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n in_o their_o hand_n be_v so_o extraordinary_o terrify_v herewith_o that_o they_o stand_v in_o danger_n not_o only_o of_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o victory_n and_o army_n but_o he_o even_o of_o his_o own_o life_n whereupon_o he_o desire_v a_o parley_n with_o the_o kentish_a before_o the_o battle_n be_v join_v upon_o this_o stigand_n and_o egelsine_n their_o general_n be_v send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o duke_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o rest_n who_o speak_v thus_o to_o he_o in_o their_o kentishman_n name_n most_o noble_a duke_n behold_v the_o people_n of_o kent_n be_v come_v forth_o to_o meet_v thou_o as_o thy_o friend_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v and_o obey_v thou_o as_o their_o liege_n lord_n if_o â—hou_fw-mi shall_v grant_v their_o most_o just_a request_n demand_v only_o such_o thing_n as_o make_v for_o peace_n and_o such_o as_o only_o tend_v to_o retain_v the_o liberty_n receive_v from_o their_o ancestor_n and_o preserve_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o their_o country_n neither_o will_v they_o be_v reduce_v under_o bondage_n never_o yet_o feel_v by_o they_o nor_o tolerate_v any_o new_a law_n for_o they_o can_v bear_v royal_a authority_n but_o not_o lordly_a tyranny_n wherefore_o receive_v the_o kentishman_n not_o as_o thy_o servant_n but_o as_o thy_o loyal_a love_a and_o affectionate_a subject_n yet_o upon_o this_o condition_n that_o all_o the_o people_n of_o kent_n may_v for_o ever_o enjoy_v their_o ancient_a liberty_n without_o diminution_n and_o use_v the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n but_o if_o thou_o endeavoure_v to_o take_v away_o their_o liberty_n and_o the_o immunity_n of_o their_o law_n thou_o shall_v likewise_o take_v away_o their_o life_n together_o with_o they_o they_o be_v all_o ready_a at_o present_a to_o give_v thou_o and_o thy_o battle_n and_o to_o try_v the_o uncertain_a chance_n of_o war_n be_v full_o resolve_v rather_o to_o die_v in_o the_o field_n than_o in_o any_o sort_n to_o depart_v with_o their_o country_n law_n and_o custom_n or_o to_o live_v under_o strange_a law_n or_o servile_a bondage_n the_o name_n and_o nature_n whereof_o be_v and_o ever_o shall_v be_v strange_a unto_o we_o for_o although_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o english_a can_v submit_v themselves_o to_o slavery_n yet_o liberty_n be_v the_o proper_a badge_n of_o kentish_a man_n the_o duke_n astonish_v with_o this_o oration_n and_o his_o new_a trouble_n with_o a_o perplex_a trouble_a mind_n advise_v hereupon_o with_o his_o counsellor_n and_o wise_o consider_v that_o the_o event_n of_o the_o battle_n will_v be_v very_o doubtful_a that_o if_o he_o shall_v depart_v without_o accomplish_v his_o design_n or_o if_o he_o shall_v suffer_v any_o repulse_n or_o inconvenience_n from_o this_o warlike_a people_n that_o it_o will_v not_o only_o redound_v to_o his_o great_a infamy_n but_o that_o it_o will_v endanger_v the_o loss_n of_o his_o new-acquired_n kingdom_n undo_v what_o ever_o he_o have_v hitherto_o effect_v and_o turn_v all_o his_o hope_n and_o security_n into_o danger_n if_o he_o shall_v not_o join_v kent_n the_o key_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o retain_v it_o more_o by_o friendship_n and_o compact_n thus_o offer_v to_o he_o than_o by_o force_n and_o consider_v likewise_o that_o their_o demand_n be_v not_o unreasonable_a he_o thereupon_o not_o so_o willing_o as_o wise_o rather_o out_o of_o necessity_n than_o voluntary_o grant_v to_o the_o kentish_a man_n that_o they_o shall_v live_v free_o according_a to_o their_o ancient_a law_n and_o custom_n whereupon_o there_o be_v a_o league_n make_v between_o william_n and_o the_o kentishman_n and_o hostage_n give_v on_o both_o side_n for_o performance_n of_o it_o they_o thereupon_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o joyful_a kentish_a man_n conduct_v the_o joyous_a norman_n to_o rochester_n where_o they_o resign_v up_o to_o duke_n william_n both_o the_o county_n of_o kent_n and_o noble_a castle_n of_o dover_n and_o thus_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n law_n usage_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o english_a call_v gavelkind_n in_o the_o municipal_a english_a law_n which_o be_v frequent_o and_o equal_o use_v throughout_o the_o whole_a realm_n of_o england_n before_o the_o come_n of_o duke_n william_n afterward_o take_v from_o other_o continue_v more_o inviolable_a even_o till_o these_o our_o day_n in_o kent_n alone_o by_o the_o industry_n courage_n intercession_n and_o earnest_a vehemency_n of_o stigand_n and_o egelsine_n which_o thing_n be_v sufficient_o prove_v out_o of_o ancient_a write_n concern_v the_o custom_n of_o kent_n wherein_o it_o be_v thus_o record_v dicit_fw-la comitatus_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o comitatu_fw-la isto_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la debâ—t_fw-la de_fw-la ejusmodi_fw-la gravamine_fw-la esse_fw-la libre_fw-la quia_fw-la dicit_fw-la quod_fw-la â—omâ—tatâ—s_fw-la iste_fw-la ut_fw-la residuum_fw-la angliae_fw-la nunquam_fw-la fuit_fw-la conquestus_fw-la sed_fw-la per_fw-la pacem_fw-la factam_fw-la se_fw-la reddidit_fw-la conquestioris_fw-la dominationi_fw-la salvis_fw-la sibi_fw-la omnibus_fw-la libertatibus_fw-la suis_fw-la et_fw-la liberis_fw-la consuâ—tudibus_fw-la primo_fw-la habitis_fw-la et_fw-la usitatis_fw-la and_o from_o this_o valour_n and_o prowess_n of_o the_o kentishman_n in_o stand_v thus_o manful_o for_o the_o law_n cnstom_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n both_o against_o duke_n william_n and_o the_o dane_n before_o he_o when_o as_o the_o other_o english_a base_o submit_v their_o neck_n to_o their_o vassalage_n they_o polycrâ—â—iâ—oâ—_n first_o obtain_v and_o for_o many_o year_n after_o claim_v enjoy_v this_o special_a privilege_n that_o in_o all_o army_n and_o baâ—taliaes_fw-la of_o the_o english_a they_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o van_n and_o forward_o and_o be_v worthy_o place_v in_o the_o front_n in_o all_o conflict_n with_o the_o enemy_n they_o above_o all_o other_o englishman_n retain_v still_o the_o badge_n of_o their_o antieut_n worthiness_n and_o liberty_n duke_n william_n have_v thus_o rather_o reconcile_v than_o subdue_v kent_n to_o
himself_o of_o which_o he_o be_v most_o careful_a because_o therein_o be_v the_o most_o commodious_a port_n for_o any_o so_o pass_v into_o or_o out_o of_o the_o realm_n haste_v to_o london_n to_o his_o coronation_n which_o matthew_n parker_n godwin_n and_o other_o make_v subsequent_a to_o his_o agreement_n with_o the_o kentish_a man_n though_o speed_v erroneous_o make_v it_o precedent_n where_o he_o conceive_v so_o profound_a a_o displeasure_n against_o archbishop_n stigand_n for_o his_o forecited_a speech_n and_o stratagem_n to_o preserve_v the_o liberty_n law_n and_o custom_n of_o his_o kentishman_n that_o he_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o crown_v he_o according_a to_o the_o duty_n of_o his_o place_n though_o he_o allege_v other_o reason_n for_o it_o and_o never_o cease_v his_o rancour_n towards_o he_o till_o he_o have_v revenge_v it_o 1._o first_o by_o carry_v he_o over_o with_o he_o into_o normandy_n soon_o after_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o prisoner_n at_o large_a under_o a_o pretext_n of_o honour_n next_o by_o deprive_v he_o of_o his_o archbishopric_n upon_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o and_o final_o by_o shut_v he_o up_o present_o after_o a_o prisoner_n in_o winchester_n castle_n where_o he_o have_v scarce_o enough_o allow_v he_o to_o keep_v life_n and_o soul_n together_o and_o soon_o after_o there_o die_v of_o grief_n or_o famine_n when_o duke_n william_n be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n by_o archbishop_n aldred_n before_o he_o set_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n he_o cause_v he_o before_o the_o altar_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o westminster_n to_o promise_v upon_o oath_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o clergy_n noble_n and_o people_n se_fw-la velle_fw-la sanctas_fw-la dei_fw-la ecclesias_fw-la ac_fw-la rectores_fw-la earum_fw-la defendere_fw-la necnon_fw-la &_o cunctum_fw-la populum_fw-la sibi_fw-la subjectum_fw-la juste_n &_o regali_fw-la providentiae_fw-la regere_fw-la rectam_fw-la legem_fw-la statuere_fw-la et_fw-la tenere_fw-la rapinas_fw-la injustaque_fw-la judicia_fw-la penitus_fw-la interdicere_fw-la as_o florentius_n wigorniensis_n simeon_n dunelmensis_n roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n and_o radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la record_v his_o oath_n which_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n â—_o col_fw-fr 962._o thus_o express_v ipsum_fw-la regem_fw-la willielmum_fw-la ad_fw-la jura_n ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n ivendae_fw-la et_fw-la confirmanda_fw-la populumque_fw-la suum_fw-la recte_fw-la regendum_fw-la et_fw-la leges_fw-la rectas_fw-la statuendum_fw-la sacramento_n solemniter_fw-la astrixit_fw-la which_o john_n speed_v thus_o render_v in_o english_a at_o his_o coronation_n he_o take_v a_o corporal_a oath_n before_o the_o high_a altar_n according_a to_o the_o accustom_a form_n to_o defend_v the_o holy_a church_n of_o god_n and_o the_o rector_n of_o the_o same_o to_o govern_v the_o universal_a people_n subject_n to_o he_o just_o to_o establish_v equal_a law_n and_o to_o see_v they_o due_o execute_v as_o become_v a_o good_a king_n after_o which_o oath_n take_v the_o bishop_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o realm_n there_o public_o make_v he_o homage_n and_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o he_o to_o be_v his_o true_a and_o loyal_a subject_n thus_o write_v 440._o matthew_n westminster_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o english_a be_v translate_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o norman_n by_o the_o most_o orderly_a disposition_n of_o god_n who_o dispose_v and_o dissipate_v kingdom_n and_o disappoint_v the_o council_n of_o prince_n give_v they_o to_o who_o he_o will_v and_o so_o long_o as_o he_o please_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o that_o can_v say_v why_o dâ—st_v thou_o thus_o what_o the_o chief_a sin_n of_o the_o englishman_n than_o be_v which_o bring_v they_o under_o the_o norman_a yoke_n i_o hauâ—_n mention_v in_o part_n take_v this_o addition_n to_o they_o out_o of_o the_o chronicle_n of_o bromton_n col_fw-fr 961_o 962._o cur_n autem_fw-la tanto_fw-la furore_fw-la dei_fw-la justilâ—a_fw-la in_o anglos_n exarsit_fw-la causa_fw-la ut_fw-la creditur_fw-la haec_fw-la est_fw-la in_o primitiva_fw-la angliae_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la religio_fw-la clarissime_fw-la splenduit_fw-la etc._n etc._n processu_fw-la vero_fw-la temporis_fw-la adeo_fw-la omnis_fw-la virtus_fw-la in_o eye_n emarcuit_fw-la ut_fw-la gentem_fw-la nullam_fw-la in_o proditione_n et_fw-la nequitia_fw-la sibi_fw-la parem_fw-la esse_fw-la permitterent_fw-la immisit_fw-la ergo_fw-la dominus_fw-la omnipotens_fw-la veluâ—_fw-la examina_fw-la apum_fw-la gentes_fw-la crudelissimas_fw-la quae_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la ethelwolfi_n regis_fw-la usque_fw-la adventum_fw-la normannorum_fw-la per_fw-la ccxxx_o annos_fw-la terram_fw-la jugiter_fw-la protriverunt_fw-la et_fw-la potissimum_fw-la normanni_n quando_fw-la omnes_fw-la fere_n angli_fw-la ut_fw-la inferius_fw-la aliqualiter_fw-la parebit_fw-la in_fw-la servitutem_fw-la sunt_fw-la redacti_fw-la et_fw-la approbrium_fw-la erat_fw-la anglicus_n appellari_fw-la to_o who_o i_o shall_v subjoin_v this_o passage_n of_o 102._o william_n of_o malmsbury_n more_o full_o set_v out_o the_o sin_n and_o vice_n of_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o english_a in_o that_o age_n which_o bring_v god_n judgement_n on_o they_o and_o enslave_v they_o to_o the_o norman_n by_o one_o single_a battle_n illa_fw-la fuit_fw-la dies_fw-la fatalis_fw-la anglis_fw-la funestum_fw-la excidium_fw-la dulcis_fw-la patriae_fw-la pro_fw-la novorum_fw-la dominorum_fw-la commutatione_n jam_fw-la enim_fw-la pridem_fw-la moribus_fw-la angâ—orum_fw-la insueverat_fw-la qui_fw-la varii_fw-la admodum_fw-la pro_fw-la temporibus_fw-la fuere_fw-la nam_fw-la primis_fw-la advenâ—us_fw-la svi_fw-la annis_fw-la vultu_fw-la &_o gestu_fw-la barbarico_fw-la usu_fw-la bellico_fw-la ritu_fw-la fanatico_fw-la vivebant_fw-la sed_fw-la postmodum_fw-la christi_fw-la fide_fw-la suscepta_fw-la paulatim_fw-la &_o per_fw-la incrementa_fw-la temporis_fw-la pro_fw-la ocio_fw-la quod_fw-la actitabant_fw-la exercitium_fw-la armorum_fw-la in_o secundis_fw-la ponentes_fw-la omnem_fw-la in_o religione_fw-la operam_fw-la insumpsere_fw-la taceo_fw-la de_fw-la pauperibus_fw-la quos_fw-la fortunae_fw-la tenuitas_fw-la plerumque_fw-la continet_fw-la ne_fw-la cancellos_fw-la justiâ—iae_fw-la transgrediantur_fw-la prâ—termitto_fw-la graduum_fw-la ecclesiasticorum_fw-la viros_fw-la quos_fw-la nonnunquam_fw-la professionis_fw-la contuitus_fw-la sed_fw-la &_o infamiae_fw-la metus_fw-la à _fw-la vero_fw-la deviare_fw-la non_fw-la sinit_fw-la de_fw-fr regibus_fw-la dicâ—_n qui_fw-la pro_fw-la amplitudine_fw-la suae_fw-la potestatis_fw-la licenter_fw-la indulgere_fw-la voluntatibus_fw-la possent_fw-la quorum_fw-la quidam_fw-la in_o patria_fw-la quidam_fw-la roma_fw-la mutato_fw-la habitu_fw-la coeleste_fw-la luc_fw-fr rati_fw-la sunt_fw-la regnum_fw-la beatum_fw-la nacti_fw-la commercium_fw-la multispecie_fw-la texus_fw-la tota_fw-la vita_fw-la mundum_fw-la amplexi_fw-la ut_fw-la thesauros_fw-la egenis_fw-la effunderent_fw-la monasteriis_fw-la dividerent_fw-la quid_fw-la dicam_fw-la de_fw-la tot_fw-la episcopis_fw-la hermitis_fw-la abbatibus_fw-la nun_n tota_fw-la insula_fw-la indigenarum_fw-la tantis_fw-la reliquiis_fw-la fulgurat_fw-la ut_fw-la vix_fw-la aliquem_fw-la vicum_fw-la insignem_fw-la praetereas_fw-la ubi_fw-la novi_fw-la sancti_fw-la nomen_fw-la non_fw-la audias_fw-la quam_fw-la multorum_fw-la etiam_fw-la periit_fw-la memeria_fw-la proscriptorum_fw-la inopia_fw-la veruntamen_fw-la literarum_fw-la et_fw-la religionis_fw-la studia_fw-la aetate_fw-la procedente_fw-la absoleverunt_fw-la non_fw-la paucis_fw-la ante_fw-la adventum_fw-la normannorum_fw-la annis_fw-la clerici_fw-la literatura_fw-la tumultuaria_fw-la contenti_fw-la vix_fw-la sacramentorum_fw-la verba_fw-la balbutiâ—bant_fw-la stupori_fw-la et_fw-la miraculo_fw-la erâ—t_fw-la caeteris_fw-la qui_fw-la grammaticam_fw-la noscet_fw-la monachi_fw-la subtilibus_fw-la indumentis_fw-la et_fw-la indifferenti_fw-la genere_fw-la ciborum_fw-la regulam_fw-la ludificabant_fw-la optimaâ—es_fw-la gulae_fw-la &_o venerii_fw-la dediti_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la more_fw-it christiano_fw-it â—anâ—_n non_fw-la adibant_fw-la sed_fw-la in_o cubiculo_fw-la et_fw-la inter_fw-la uxorios_fw-la amplexâ—s_fw-la matutinorum_fw-la solemnia_fw-la et_fw-la missarum_fw-la a_o festinante_fw-la presbytero_fw-la auribus_fw-la tantum_fw-la libabant_fw-la vulgus_fw-la in_o medio_fw-la expositum_fw-la praeda_fw-la erat_fw-la potentioribus_fw-la ut_fw-la vel_fw-la â—orum_fw-la substantiis_fw-la exhaustis_fw-la vel_fw-la etiam_fw-la corporibus_fw-la iâ—_n longinquaâ—_n terras_fw-la distractis_fw-la acervos_fw-la thesaurorum_fw-la congererent_fw-la quamvis_fw-la magis_fw-la ingenitum_fw-la sit_fw-la illi_fw-la genti_fw-la commessationibus_fw-la quam_fw-la operibus_fw-la inhiare_fw-la illud_fw-la erat_fw-la a_o natura_fw-la abhorrens_fw-la quod_fw-la multi_fw-la ancillas_fw-la svas_fw-la ex_fw-la se_fw-la gravidas_fw-la ubi_fw-la libidini_fw-la satisfecissent_fw-la aut_fw-la ad_fw-la publicum_fw-la prostibulum_fw-la aut_fw-la ad_fw-la â—tâ—rnum_fw-la obsequium_fw-la vendicabant_fw-la potabatur_fw-la in_o common_a ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la in_fw-la hoc_fw-la study_v noctes_fw-la perinde_n ut_fw-la dies_fw-la perpetuantibus_fw-la paruis_fw-la &_o abjectis_fw-la domibus_fw-la totos_fw-la sumptus_fw-la absumebant_fw-la francis_n &_o normannis_fw-la absimiles_fw-la qui_fw-la amplis_fw-la &_o superbis_fw-la aedificiis_fw-la modicas_fw-la expensas_fw-la agunt_fw-la sequebantur_fw-la vitia_fw-la ebrietatis_fw-la soâ—ia_fw-la quae_fw-la virorum_fw-la animos_fw-la effaeminant_n hiâ—c_fw-la factum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la magis_fw-la temeritate_fw-la et_fw-la furore_fw-la praecipiti_fw-la quam_fw-la scientia_fw-la militari_fw-la willielmo_n congressi_fw-la uno_fw-la praelio_fw-la &_o ipso_fw-la perfacili_fw-la sâ—rvituti_fw-la se_fw-la patriamque_fw-la pessundederint_fw-la ad_fw-la summam_fw-la tunc_fw-la erant_fw-la angli_fw-la vestibus_fw-la ad_fw-la medium_n genus_fw-la expediti_fw-la crines_fw-la tonsi_fw-la barbas_fw-la rasi_fw-la armillis_fw-la aureis_fw-la brachia_fw-la onâ—rati_fw-la picturatis_fw-la stigmatibus_fw-la cutem_fw-la insigniti_fw-la in_fw-la cibis_fw-la urgentes_fw-la crapulum_fw-la in_fw-la potibus_fw-la irritantes_fw-la vomicâ—_fw-la et_fw-la haec_fw-la quidem_fw-la extrema_fw-la