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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A93039 The midwives book, or, The whole art of midwifry discovered. Directing childbearing women how to behave themselves in their conception, breeding, bearing, and nursing of children in six books, viz. ... / By Mrs. Jane Sharp practitioner in the art of midwifry above thirty years.; Midwives book Sharp, Jane, Mrs. 1671 (1671) Wing S2969B; ESTC R203554 186,081 442

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not so pure as the first riseth to the breasts to make milk and the grossest part of the three stays in the womb and comes away with the birth and after-birth But this is a long dispute how the child comes to be fed in the womb Alcmeon thought the childs body being soft like a sponge did draw nourishment by all parts of its body as a sponge sucks water not only drinking from the mothers veins but from the womb also Hippocrates as well as Democritus or Epicurus seems to say that the child sucks both nourishment and breath at the mouth from the mother when she breaths for these two causes 1. Because it could not suck so soon as it is born were it not used to it before 2. There are excrements found in the Guts of a new born child but all creatures that suck will do it presently by instinct of nature as Chickins that never fed before will presently pick up their food and as for the excrements found in the Guts they are not excrements of the first concoction for they stink not but are gross blood that came from the Vessels of the spleen to the Guts and are dried there but now it is agreed by all since the truth is found out that the child in the womb is fed by its Navel only they differ about the food it lives on the Peripateticks say it is fed by menstrual blood which is the excrement of the last nutriment of the fleshy parts which at certain times is purged forth by the womb in a moderate quantity but primarily ordained for the generation and nutriment of the child But Fernelius Pliny Columella and Columbus deny this because such blood is impure and will where it falls destroy Plants and Trees Dogs will run mad that eat it and ofttimes hurts the women themselves causing swimmings of the head pains swellings and suffocations this then were ill food for a tender infant But to answer all If the woman be in good health her monthly courses are no bad blood for quality though they hurt in quantity being more than she can concoct and therefore she sends forth what is too much but if her body be ill affected the blood that stays in the womb is naught as well as that she voids by her terms but when the courses are not duly voided but stay in being stopt beyond their time of evacuation then they cause those ill effects formerly mentioned else not but women have not these courses the greatest part of the time they are with child nor yet when they give suck for the most part if the child be not fed with this blood what becomes of this blood when women are with child certain it is it turns into milk when time serves to suckle the infant with Yet Hippocrates was mistaken who says that the last part of the time the child lieth in the womb after it is quick it s fed partly by the mother milk but this is certain that the infant in the womb is fed with pure blood conveyed in the Liver by the Navel-vein which is a branch of the great vein and spreads to the small veins of the Liver And here this blood is more refined the thick gross crude part goes to the Spleen and Kidneys and the gross excrement of it to the Guts and that is it is found in the Guts as soon as they are born The most pure part goes into the hollow vein and from thence through the whole body by small branches this blood hath a watry substance with it as all blood hath to make it run and keep it from clodding and this water in men and women breaths forth by sweat so it doth in a child and is contain'd in the Lamb-skin as I told you This watry substance that is joined with the blood when the blood comes to the kidneys parts from the blood and is sent by the kidneys that make their separation by the Ureters to the bladder nor doth the infant piss as he lieth in the womb by the Yard but the Urine is carryed by the Vrachos a vessel to carry it which is long and without blood to the Allantois ●or skin that is made to hold the childs water in so long as it remains in the womb this Vrachos or passage goeth from the bottom of the bladder to the Allantois and hath no muscle belongs unto it that the child may void the Urine when nature requires but when the child is born it hath muscles at the root of the bladder to shut and open that we may make it not a meer natural but partly a mixed action to follow our business and make water not alwayes but when we please but this is not the course with the child continually for the first month the childs Urine comes out through the passage of the Navel but in the last month by the Yard but it never goes to stool in the womb because it takes no nutriment by the mouth After forty five days the child lives but moves not commonly he moves in double the time he was formed and is born in thrice the time after he began to move If the child be fully formed in forty days her will move in ninety days and be born in the ninth month but he receives daily more food after the third and fourth month to the day of his birth A child born in six months is not perfect and must die but one born in seven months is perfect but one born in the eight month cannot live because in the seventh month the child useth all its force to come out and if it cannot it must stay two months longer to recover the strength lost upon the former attempt that had made it too feeble to get forth in the eighth month for if it come not forth at the seventh month it removes its station and changeth it self to some other place in the womb these two motions have so weakened it that it must stay behind a month longer for if it come forth before it is almost impossible for it to live But Astrologers determine this business another way for they affirm that children born in the seventh month do live by reason of the compleating of the motion of the seven planets allowing one month to each of them beginning with Saturn thus Saturn Jupiter Mars Sol Venus Mercury Luna Now if the child come not forth at the seventh month but stay till the eighth month the Planets having ruled every one his month Saturn begins to rule again who is an enemy to conception in all his qualities and so the child born in the eighth month will be born dead or live a very short time yet other Philosophers maintain that Saturn is no enemy to conception but ruling in the first month by his influence and retentive faculty the child is fixed in the womb but as the celestial bodies have their influence upon the terrestial and upon all the elements they cause all the changes