shun them resolved to sell his Life as dear as he could The whole Fleet attacks them and tears all their Rigging to pieces Night parted and Morning brings them together again three Gallies board them and are beaten off The Fight lasted three days the King having lost forty Vessels and many Men returned into his Harbor As much of our Ship got to Malaca as was hid by the Water all that was above being shattered to pieces and thus for that time was Malaca delivered of that trouble 10. Miran a King between the Mogul and Cambaya design'd to possess himself of the Crown of Cambaya to which he thought he had the best Title since it had been usurped from the lawful Heirs upon the Death of Badur He treated about it with the Viceroy offering him at present a sum of Mony and afterwards some Towns if he would assist him in gaining that Kingdom and expelling the Tyrant Himican The Viceroy admits the Proposals sends an Embassador of his own with the Kings and makes such diligent Preparations that on a sudden the Sea of Goa was covered with 140 Sail. To amuze the Enemy he gave out the Design was against Malabar Whilst an Answer could come from Miran the Viceroy to keep his Men out of Idleness sailed towards the Rivers of Braçalor and Onor whose Banks are peopled by Canara's who at the Iâ—…stigation of the Malabars refused to pay the Acknowledgments due to the Portugueses CHAP. VI. Continues the Government of the Viceroy D. Luis de Ataide 1. WHilst the Viceroy was busie in these Preparations four Ships from Lisbon arriv'd opportunely at Goa D. Paul de Lima with one Galleon and six Ships and Martin Alfonso de Melo Commander of Baçaim meditating Revenge against the Kings of Cole and Sarcetas got together One hundred and thirty Horse and Eight hundred Portugues Foot The Enemy had Four hundred of the former and Two thousand of the latter yet were put to flight and even in the flight cut off Emanuel Pereyra and all his Men. So much is an Enemy to be fear'd even when he flies The Cities of Darila and Varem were destroyed and all the Countries about them D. Paul in his return took two Ships of the Enemy though forsaken by some of his own Vessels and those that left him had afterwards the Impudence to boast of the Victory The Viceroy receiv'd D. Paul with much Honour and one of those that had forsaken him coming to kiss as was the Custom the Viceroy's Cloak he said to him Keep off go kiss your Mother's hand 2. In November the Viceroy set out of Goa with above One hundred and thirty Sail some of them were Tenders and some Merchants In the fighting Ships were Three thousand Portugueses besides Indians He entred the River of Onor and landed Two thousand three hundred Men not without opposition The place seem'd impregnable both by Art and Nature yet our Men with great difficulty beginning to ascend the Hill notwithstanding the Bullets that fell from above soon discovered the People flying out of the City and the Queen of Guarcopa retiring to the Inland as despairing the Fort could hold out though Garrison'd with Five hundred resolute Men and well stored with Artillery and Ammunition 3. The City which was rich and beautiful was first Plundered and then reduced to Ashes Our Forces sat down before the Fort and batter'd it without intermission four days without the least molestation from a Body of the Natives who came to hinder their Progress Which the Besieged perceiving surrendred upon condition to march away without Arms. The Booty was small the most considerable part of it Cannon and Ammunition The next day being St. Catharines a place was cleansed to say Mass in The Command of it was given to George de Moura with Four hundred Men half of them Portugueses 4. Here the Ingenier Simon de Ruan fought alone with thirty of the Enemy till he fell as was thought dead but as they put him into a Shroud a small motion was perceived and soon after to the admiration of all Men he recovered In this Action we lost twenty Men. Next the Viceroy passed to Bracalor which is much like the other in strength and situation The Landing was somewhat more difficult being obstructed by 11000 Men but at length Two hundred of them being killed with the loss of nine on our side our Men possessed themselves of a Work which much dismay'd the Enemy 5. Those in the Fort before the Viceroy could besiege abandon'd it Soon after the Kings of Tolar and Cambolim attack the Fort on a very dark Night but found Peter Lopez Rabelo who commanded it with Two hundred Men so ready to receive them that they lost Three hundred killing only five of his and despairing of any Success concluded a Peace with the imposition of a greater Tribute than they paid before The Viceroy had an interview with those two Princes and the Queen of Cambolim and they parted very good Friends Above a Month was spent in building a new Fort in a convenient place which was the mid-way between the City and the Mouth of the River The Command of it was given to Antony Botello who spilt the first Blood in this Action 6. The Viceroy was in great care that he received no answer from Miran But there is no security in humane Policies Miran thought to tie the Mogol to his Interest by marrying his Brother to the Mogol's Sister But scarce did the Brother assisted by his Father-in-law the Mogol see Miran march towards Cambaya when he enters his Kingdom with a great Power and Miran having notice hereof was forced to stay to secure a certainty of his own rather than to go to a doubtful Purchase The Viceroy was much concern'd at this News and having no present Imployment for so great a Fleet divided it into several Squadrons and sent them upon different Expeditions D. Peter de Casto had one to secure the Ships trading to Goa Ferdinand Tellez who not not long before had taken some Ships of the Enemy went with another to the North. Of his Squadron were Ruy Diaz Cabral and D. Henry de Meneses who being separated from him met fifty Sail of Malabars and rashly fell upon them Ruy Deaz and seventy Men they both commanded were all killed D. Henry from among the dead was carried into slavery and after ransom'd D. Emanuel Pereyra and Iohn de Silva Barreto came too late to prevent this Misfortune but not to put the Enemy to flight after receiving and doing much harm 7. The Viceroy resented this loss not so much for its greatness as because it was the first time Fortune had frowned on him He went to Mangalor twelve Leagues to the Southward to appease some Disturbance that lessened the King's Revenue and was prejudicial to Trade This proceeded from the Enmity between the King of Banguâ—… and Queen of Oâ—…la the Dominion of the latter lies to the South and that of the other
any thing abroad because the Country swarmed with Enemies and there were but few Men in the Fort. But he training many Camponeses raised new Works and forced the Enemy to withdraw with great loss 8. Gaspar de Melo now commanded the Northern Squadron consisting of 16 Sail he went to Bacaim understanding there was most need of his Assistance The posture of our Affairs was much mended by this Relief the Enemy being kept more in awe till one day fighting from Sun to Sun our Men without losing one Man overcame a great multitude 9. The Fort of Manora four Leagues from the mouth of the River of Agaçaim being besieged by the Decariis and Bacaim in a good Posture Gaspar de Melo resolved to relieve it and Antony Pinto to bear him Company the chief of their Strength was 700 Portugueses Gaspar one night went himself to view the Enemies Camp and finding it stronger than he had imagined when he returned perswaded his Men it was much weaker He prepared them to fall on before day which was done so successfully that some fled at first with the surprize and many being killed the rest followed Thus that Siege was raised without the Loss of one Man 10. Hence Gaspar de Melo went to Damam again infested by the King of the Sarceta's and in sight of the Enemy cut down their Woods and Orchards they not daring to oppose him The heat of the Sun was then so violent that it caused a Soldier immediately to run mad and died soon after this was all the Loss sustained by us in that Action 11. Then Melo returned to Chaul where he found Ruy Freyre de Andrade successful over his Enemies They marched to destroy a Wood near Upper Chaul in defence whereof a great multitude of the Enemy met them and there ensued an obstinate fight Here Melo forgetting the Duty of a Captain acted more like a private Soldier which heat of his Ruy Freyre did endeavour to moderate he now gave the advice he would not afterwards take They returned victorious but not without losing some Men. 12. Freyre being left alone gave Orders to fall upon the Enemy Captain Peter Gomes Villano answered They had no Men. Advancing still he again orders them to fall on and at the same time received a Musket Shot in his Belly His Men seeing it began to give way but he running forward cryed out There is no cause to retire I am very well yet for some time his Life was in danger Here it was he wanted the Advice he gave to Melo yet that Resolution produced an honourable Victory 13. Melo again joins Pinto de Fonseca at Bacaim in order to relieve the Fort of Assarim that high Mountain that overtops the flight of Birds and is counted impregnable Tho' the Country swarm'd with Enemies they conducted 200 Waggons to that Mountain and having relieved it returned in safety 14. We had not the like success at Diu for Francis Sodre being sent against the Resbutos at Coche with 300 Men in 13 Ships behaved himself so indiscreetly that they slew many of his Men and forced him to retire to his Ships in haste but not cowardly for he still faced them and did all that could be expected at such a time 15. Our Affairs at Mombaça were in a very bad posture for King Sultan Hazen being persecuted by his Unkle Munganaje who armed at the Crown and by the Commander Emanuel de Melo who thirsted after his Riches was accused of Treason those being really the Traytors who accused him His feigned Crimes being laid before the Viceroy he rashly orders him to be brought to Goa directing Simon de Melo Pereyra who went to succeed Emanuel de Melo to seize him The King understanding the Design endeavoured to avoid being taken and the new Commander attacking his House obliged him again to fly to Arabaya of the Cafres Our Commander with Money prevailed to have him killed and cutting off his Head sent it to Goa as it had been a Trophy of some great Conquest Then he puts the Government into the Hands of the Traytor Munganaje joining with him Melinde Brother to the deceased But he who desired no Colleague laid Crimes to his Charge as was done to his Brother and caused him to be beheaded We shall hereafter see the Benefit reaped by this Tyranny and Treachery 16. Cojenitamo Commander of Suratte for the Mogol with 800 Horse and some Elephants on a sudden over-ran the Country of Damam burning the Villages and some of our Men endeavouring to put a stop to him were drawn into an Ambush and all slain The Enemy comes on again with a greater Power and was now absolute Master of the Field when Luis de Iâ—…ito Melo Admiral of the North-Sea came into that Port with his Squadron which consisted of 14 Sail and in them 350 Souldiers These joined 200 of Damam and 70 Horse and above 1â—…0 other Foot They attacked the Enemy who far exceeded them in numbers yet drove him out of those Lands killing above 400 of them 2 Elephants and their Commander in Chief Dalapute Rao on our side only Antony Godinno was slain 17. Luis de Brito pursued them to the Fort of Baroche and entring the Port burnt the Town and all the Vessels that lay there As he returned Victorious discovering the City of the Resbuto's called Barbute he resolved to attack it A great number of them met him and after a Fight which was long dubious were defeated with the loss of 450. On our side died one Captain and four others The City was burnt and the Heads of most of the Dead cut off which were cast ashore near Surat to be seen by the Moors of that place 18. At Bacaim and Chaul there were many Skirmishes which for brevity are omitted but many Towns were burnt much Plunder taken and the Enemy on all sides kept under 19. Emanuel Mascarennas Homem succeeded D. Francis de Meneses Rojo as General of Ceylon he had Orders to curb the Insolence of the Portugueses well known to the Viceroy since he Commanded there and which did us more hurt than the Enemies Sword We had not grown odious to the Chingala's had we not provoked them by oâ—… infamous Proceedings Not only the poor Soldiers went out to rob but those who were Lords of Villages adding Rapes and Adulteries which obliged that People to seek the company of Beasts on Mountains rather than be subject to the more beastly Villanies of Men. 20. The viceroy perceiving that India was not in a condition to withstand so great Enemies as was the Mogol and Xarife Melique Commander of Ponda and suspecting that Ibrahim Idalxa underhand supported him sent Antony Monteyro Corte Real Embassador to the latter with a Present for the King and another for his Favourite Being come to Visapor he had the desired Success which was to obtain that Melique should be Imprisoned at Ponda that the Hollanders who laboured to settle a Factory there should be
expelled This was done by the assistance of Vincent Ribeyro a Portugues who lived at Visapor and had much interest with the Favourite 21. At Baçaim Luis de Brito Melo and D. Iohn de Almada Admiral of the Diu Squadron joyned Antony Pinto de Fonseca Commander of that place resolving to force the Enemies Camp They made up 1500 Men and marched toward the Enemy who had 1000 Horse and 1500 Foot well intrenched Our design was to surprize them but they had intelligence from some Portugueses in the City nevertheless their Trenches were forced with the loss of 6 or 7 of our Men and not above 500 of the Enemy escaped This Victory secured the Inhabitants of that Country and the Island of Salsete who had suffered much during the two last Years 22. Zamori possessed himself of the Kingdom of Upper Granganer which was of dangerous consequence to our Town of the same Name which he always coveted having an Eye upon a Pagod where the ancient Emperors of Malabar used to be Crowned This Neighbourhood became the more dangerous for that the little King of Paru a small Island relying on his Friendshop with Zamori had began the War in the Rivers between Cochim and Paliporto The King of Cochim not without cause offended at the Portugueses underhand kindled this Fire The Viceroy sent D. Lope de Almeyda with one Galley and ten Ships to relieve Cananor He came upon the King of Paru who terrified thereat concluded a Peace Only the King of Cochim and Zamori now remained an Embassy and Presents were sent to the latter both which he admitted but nothing was concluded 23. At this time arrived at Goa 4 Ships from Portugal five came thence but one was lost within two Leagues of Melinde Of 3000 Soldiers that were shipped aboard these Vessels not half the number came to India the rest dying by the way which was a great loss by reason of the want of Men there was there having so many Enemies upon them and because these same Ships should have come the Year before and were forced back to Lisbon Three Ships homeward bound had yet worse fortune for one was cast away at the Maldivy Islands another in which were all the Men of the former at the Island Fayal where above 200 Men perished the third arrived at Lisbon 24. The Viceroy with that small Recruit resolved to go in Person to the North to meet our European Enemies the English and Hollanders who were strong in these Seas he sent before D. Emanuel de Azevedo with 22 Sail who at Suratte joyned the two Squadrons under Luis de Brito and D. Iohn de Almada They landed and destroyed the Lands of Cifandam and Diva the Towns of Baroche and Goga were plundered and burnt as were six great Ships in that Bay Hence they sailed to the City Patane the Inhabitants whereof terrified by the Flames of Goga fled to the Woods so the Town was fired without any opposition 25. Mean while the Viceroy set out with 7 Galleons that in which he was so large it carried with ease 230 Men at Arms the 30 all Gentlemen There were besides two Pinks one Galley one Caravel and five other Vessels In all which were 1400 Portugueses and much Artillery but unskilful Gunners CHAP. IV. Continues the Government of D. Hierome de Azevedo 1. THE chief Design of this Squadron which at Suratte joyned those three under Azevedo Brito and Almeyda was to destroy four English Ships that lay in that Port. These Preparations seemed too great for such an Enterprize but the Event proved the contrary Being come in sight of the English the Viceroy ordered the two Pinks the Caravel and other smaller Vessels to lay aboard one of the Ships which was separated from the others Having all grappled and almost entred her the other three coming up beat them off The first three of our Vessels having taken fire endeavouring to burn that of the Enemy perished and the English escaped All this day was spent without any Success on our side and the next nothing was done because the Ships lay in a hole where only one of our Galleons could come at them at once and so might be one by one disabled by the Enemies Cannon Some said this was only a pretence of those who had no mind to come at them It was attempted to burn them with Fireships but without success 2. The Viceroy perceiving he only lost his Time there sailed to Diu to send thence Relief to Ormuz having received Advice from D. Luis de Gama Commander of that Place that the Fort of Comoran was besieged by a Persian Captain of Xirav with 14000 Men by Sea and Land This Siege was laid by order of Abas Xa of Persia on account that Gama did not pay him certain Duties due to the King of Lara and the Persian was now possessed of that Kingdom He was glad of this pretence of taking Arms as desiring to possess himself of Ormuz towards which he thought the Fort of Comoron was a good step Nor did he miss his aim for no sooner did the ancient Men of Ormuz hear that Fort was delivered but they concluded this lost D. Luis sent some Succour which hastened the Surrender because one half of it was cut off and the rest returned Andrew de Quadros commanded at Comoran he had but few Men and less Cannon for always our Aim was at trade and was forced to surrender upon Conditions which the Enemy never observed This was done when the Relief of 9 Sail sent by the Viceroy arrived under the command of Michael de Sousa Pimentel who having nothing to do there and to shun the Distasts that happened between him and D. Luis de Gama went away to Mascate 3. The Viceroy returning with his Fleet from Diu discovered the 4 English Ships a great way from Surat making all the sail they could and standing to the Southward He made the best of his way and in the afternoon came up alone within Cannon-shot of one of them because his Galleon was a better Sailer than the rest of the Fleet. His Gunner offered to sink her with two 40 Pounders many opposed it representing the other 3 Ships would come upon him and the Fleet being out of sight the Galleon would be lost which would be a great discredit besides the Damage at such a time when the Government was so poor The Viceroy submitted to their Opinions without obliging them to give it under their hands thinking they would never deny it which they did when he was accused for not doing what the Gunner proposed The English returned Thanks for this kindness firing their Cannon without Ball. 4. The Ships that this Year went from Portugal carried Orders to the Viceroy to sell all Commands and Employments that would yield Money there being no other means than to supply the Wants of that Government This was put in execution and much resented for three Reasons one That it had never been
first Proposals But still the Siege was carried on and April was began Seven hundred Mores attack a Pass Two hundred Portugueses at first opposed them but seeing they were relieved fled in such Disorder that neither their Officers nor the Viceroy could rally them Their two Captains were killed 6. The Action of D. Iames de Meneses relating to Zamori shall be referred to the Chapter of Chaul that of Luis de Melo is fit for this place He set out with Fourteen Sail in search of the Fleet of Achem and met it near that Port it consisted of Sixty Sail well Manned and provided with Cannon commanded by the King's Son and Heir Melo and he met first and our first Shot killed him and several of his Men. The Fleets met and fought resolutely on both sides but the Enemy was utterly destroyed three Galleys and six small Vessels taken all the rest sunk but one We lost not one Man of the Enemy Twelve hundred were killed and Three hundred made Prisoners Melo returned to Malaca with the Vessels and Cannon he had taken and thence sent some Men to the Malucos and came to Goa with Fifteen hundred and Vasco Lorenço de Barbuda whom he found at Cochim preparing to bring some Relief 7. These Commanders being come to Goa took their Posts Meneses executing his Office of Admiral was carried off wounded at such time as Three thousand of the Enemy began to enter the Island of Iohn Lopez Antony Fernandez de Cale with One hundred and twenty Men met and put them to flight killing a great number 8. During this time before Winter came on several Attempts were made upon the Enemies Quarters and Inroads into the Country always with success One Night One hundred and fifty Men beat the Enemy out of a Post at Benastarim and after another at Angoscan ruining all the Works they had raised They did the same at Xatiarâ—…ao Chatigan and Rachol burning Villages demolishing the Works and killing very many 9. Hidalcan though almost in despair began to plant Gardens and other Works as if he designed either to take Goa or live in that Field He resolved to enter the Island with Nine thousand Men at the Pass of Mercantor which was not guarded because the River is wide there Our Men hearing a Drum which never beats but when that Prince marches in Person run thither and saw him on the other side encouraging his Advice being brought to the Viceroy he sent several Parties and followed himself In spight of all opposition Five thousand Men got over under the Command of the Turk Soliman Aga Captain of the Guard Fresh Men still flocked to the Viceroy till he was Two thousand strong All the Posts which extended two Leagues were in Action 10. All the Thirteenth of April from Morning till Night the attack lasted and from the next Morning till the Day following Hidalcan all the while looking on cursing his Prophet Mahomet and throwing his Turbant on the Ground Of the Portugueses scarce Twenty were killed of the Enemy almost Four thousand and among them Soliman Aga Hidalcan's Brother-in-Law and other Persons of Note some Colours and Plunder were taken 11. F. George de St. Lucia a Dominican and Bishop of Malaca foretold this Success to the Viceroy Hidalcan raged and in publick vowed not to stir thence but in private wished a conclusion but used not the means He proposed a Pence and despaired of concluding it upon the Terms he offered one of them was the Surrender of Goa as if the Portugueses had all this while tought for any thing but to keep it Our Viceroy treated with Norican about killing the King offering him either the Crown of great Power in the Government Norican admits the Proposals and as the blow was ready to be given the Treachery was discovered he secured and so the other Conspirators desisted This was about the end of April 12. The treaty of Peace failing the Siege went on but not with the vigour as before The Enemies Cannon ruined our Buildings ours their Men and Parties of ours burnt all the Country Sebastian de Resende with only four Men attempts a Post of the Enemies and killing some would have brought away one alive but he making much opposition Resende was forc'd to kill him Lancelot Picardo and others with forty Men did great execution Antony Fernandez with thirty falling upon Rumercan's Quarters where there was eighty killed eighteen and retired without any damage received The Viceroy leaning one day on a Page a Ball took away his Prop. Being at rest one night he heared a great Noise and instantly came abroad and a Bullet hitting him on the Breast fell at his feet without doing the least hurt 13. Hidalcan to divide and weaken the Viceroy again perswades the Queen of Guarcopa to attack Onor She consents and joining Three thousand Men of her own to Two thousand sent by him besieges the Fort. It was the middle of Iuly the dead of Winter there when the Viceroy received Advice thereof He sent instantly Antony Fernandez de Chale with two Galleys and eight Vessels and what Men they could contain Antony in five days enters that Port and joining with George de Moura commanding there falls upon the Enemy and puts them to flight killing many and bringing all the Cannon into the Fort. About this time Zamori broke out in another place but that requires a particular Chapter 14. The Viceroy underhand endeavoured to stir up other Princes to invade Hidalcan's Dominions by that means to draw him from the Siege Both endeavoured to hide their desire of Peace Hidalcan made appear as if he resolved not to stir and the Viceroy as if he valued not his lying there In fine the whole Winter was spent and towards the end of August when Summer begins and the Enemy might better keep the Field the number of Tents was seen to decrease then the Men and lastly the Cannon vanished without coming to any accommodation after a Siege of ten Months wherein the Enemy lost Twelve thousand Men Three hundred Elephants Four thousand Horses and Six thousand Oxen part by the Sword and part by the Weather Thus Goa was suddenly delivered Let us now see what was done at Chaul by Nizamaluco the second Chief of this League CHAP. IX The Siege of Chaul 1. NIzamaluco keeping time with Hidalcan set down before Chaul at the same time the other did before Goa His General Faretecan invested the place with Eight thousand Horse and Twenty thousand Foot and on the last day of November the Enemy broke ground with a horrid noise of warlike Instruments 2. Luis Ferreyra de Andrade a Man well deserving such a Post commanded at Chaul and laboured long under great Wants of all Necessaries supplying those Defects with his and his Men's Valour till D. Francis Mascarennas came to his assistance with Six hundred Men in four Gallies and five small Vessels and some Barques loaded with Ammunition and Provision 3. The
Fort of Chaul is seated in about 18 deg of N. Lat. on the Bank of a River not twelve Miles from the Mouth of it There were in it but fifty Horse and a small number of Foot The first bold Action done here was by Sebastian Gonzales de Alvelos who passing over a small Creek alone challenged any of that number of Enemies and none durst answer him Then Alexander de Sousa went over with fifteen Horse to discover the Enemy and stayed so long till 5000 came upon them among which they killed a considerable Officer At this time Faretecan was marching down the Mountain Gate with 8000 Horse a great number of Foot and twenty Elephants he sat down before Chaul and began to plant Cannon 4. Faretecan desiring to do somewhat before his Prince came set the Castles upon the Elephants and tied Syths to their Trunks to give an Assault All turned to his Loss for he was repulsed by Sea and Land and forced to retire as far as the Church de la Madre de Dios or Mother of God where his men rallied 5. Here it is said some Miracles were seen as that a Bullet hitting a Souldier on the hand rebounded from it as a Ball struck with a Racket The fight lasted three hours with great slaughter of Mores and loss of three Portugueses 6. The Enemy having lodged themselves about the Town it was thought convenient to demolish all the Buildings that were any thing distant Nothing remarkable happened till after December Some Mores being then gathering Fruit in an Orchard Nunno Vello went out with five Soldiers and killing one of them others came on still till they made up Six thousand and ours encreased to two hundred who behaved themselves with such bravery they drove that multitude killing One hundred and eighty with the loss of two 7. Nizamaluco came before Chaul in the beginning of Ianuary with the rest of his Army which now together consisted of 34000 Horse 100000 Foot 16000 Pioniers 4000 Smiths Masons and other Trades of sundry Nations as Turks Coraçons Persians and Ethiopians 360 Elephants an infinite number of Bufalos and Oxen and forty pieces of Cannon most of a prodigious bigness some carrying Balls of 100 some 200 and even 300 weight and had Names answerable as Cruel Butcher Devourer Orlando Furioso and the like Thus 150000 Men so well provided planted themselves before a Town that had only a single Wall a Fort like a House and a handful of Men. Faretecan lodged himself in the Vicar's House near the Chapel of the Mother of God with 7000 Horse and twenty Elephants Agalascan in the House of Iames Lopez with 6000 Horse Ximirican between that and upper Chaul with 2000 so the City was beset from Sea to Sea At the same time 4000 Horse ravaged the Lands of Baçaim The King took his Quarters at the farther end of the Town thus the space of two Leagues was covered with Tents 8. The Portuguesâ—…s at first being but few and the Works inconsiderable had no particular Posts but were wherever the danger threatned Soon after the News of the danger of Chaul being spread abroad many Gentlemen flocked thither with supplies of Men so that in a little time there were 2000 Men in the Town It was resolved to maintain the Monastery of St. Francis and it was committed to Alexander de Sousa Some Houses were also judged fit to be defended Nuno Alvarez Pereyra with forty Men had those on the Shore those between the Misericordia and St. Dominick D. Gonçalo de Meneses others near Nunno Vello Pereyra and so in other Places 9. Mean while it was generally voted at Goa that Chaul ought to be abandoned but the Viceroy resolutely opposed and was seconded by Ferdinand de Sousa de Castellobranco He immediately sent thither D. Duarte de Lima and Ferdinand Tellez de Meneses with their two Gallies and some Men in four other Vessels Let us see what was done at Chaul whilst they are under Sail. 10. Nimirican had promised Nizamaluco he would be the first man should enter the Town in order thereto he vigorously attacks the Posts of Henry de Betancor and Ferdinand Pereyra de Miranda They bravely made good their Ground and being reliev'd repulsed him killing Three hundred of his Men seven of ours were lost The Enemy turn their Cannon upon the Monastery of St. Francis where we had some Pieces and both sides striving to burst or dismount the opposite Guns the Gunners were so dextrous that Bullets were seen to meet by the way On the Eve of St. Sebastian a Party of ours sallied upon some Houses where the Mores had fortified themselves and killed a great number without losing one Man 11. Nizamaluco enraged at the last repulse desired Revenge and that same night attacks the Fort of St. Francis with Five thousand Men. The Mores thought to surprize ours but were soon undeceived by the Execution done among them The attack lasted very furious the space of five hours The Portugueses suspected the Enemy worked under the Wall and could not see by reason of the darkness but Christopher Curvo three several times put half his Body out of a Window with a lighted Torch in one hand and a Buckler in the other to discover what was doing The noise was very great and those in the City fearing for those that were assaulted sent them Relief though with great hazard The Morning discovered the Fort stuck with Arrows and under it above Three hundred Mores slain without the loss of one Portugues 12. Next day the Enemy repeated the Assault and continued it five days with great resolution with as great bravery were they received by the Portugueses who often fallying covered the Field with dead Bodies and took several Colours However it was at last judged expedient to quit that Fort and withdraw the Men into the City lest the losing of it should prove more prejudicial than the defending it could avail Seventeen Men were killed in it One of these being on a high place to give notice when the Enemy fired their Cannon said to those that were below If they should now fire Raspadillo that was a Cannon eighteen Foot long so called without doubt they would send me all in pieces to sup with Iesus Christ to whom l commend my self for the Gun points at me Scarce had he spoke the words when he was torn in pieces by a Ball from that Cannon 13. The Mores being possessed of the Fort and Monastery of St. Francis fired a whole Street but attempting to gain some Houses lost Four hundred Men. Three of them challenged a like number of ours who thinking it a disparagement to answer them upon equal terms only two went out which were Gomez Freyre and Luis del Valle who carried a great Hanger The Mores refused the odds and one of them withdrew Valle with the advantage of the Hanger overcame his Adversary and then assisted Freyre to kill the other So both sides might
Caravels set out from Lisbon with the News of the King's Death one bound for Goa the other for Malaca 5. Henry the Cardinal succeeded in the Throne and from amidst those Ruines dispatched five Ships for India fearing lest the loss of King Sebastian being known new Troubles might arise if those Dominions were not timely supplied 5. The Viceroy understanding that Melique Tocan contrary to the Articles of the Peace concluded the Year before continued at Dabul publickly exercising his Office and was ready to Launch a great Ship to Trade to Meca he resolved to show how much he resented that wrong and to that purpose sent thither D. Paul de Lima Pereyra with ten Sail. 7. D. Paul coming to the Mouth of the River found all the Shore fortified and a great number of Cannon planted in all convenient Places He forces his way in through all the Batteries and sees Six thousand Horse and great number of Foot covering the Shore and pouring showers of Bullets and Arrows upon him nevertheless he attempts to burn two Ships belonging to Hidalcan but finding it impossible to come at them for the number of the Enemy's Cannon he runs up the River and spent some days in burning all the Towns along the Coast. 8. The Enemy calls in to their Aid Cartale and Mandaviray two Malabar Pyrats who were in the Sea of Chaul with five Galliots To these Melique joins other five Sail he had ready with Five hundred Turks Persians and other resolute Men. The Shore was cover'd with People that came to see this Action D. Paul prepared to receive them and after the Discharge of the Cannon they came up board and board and hand to hand 9. D. Paul boarded the first Galliot they were ten to ten though the Enemy had the advantage of the bigness of the Vessels and number of Men but our Captains following the Example of their Admiral behaved themselves so bravely that only one of the Enemy's Galliots escaped the rest were all taken We lost but two or three Men in this Action which was as fortunate as any we perform'd in Asia 10. Having taken this Revenge of Melique for his Crime and of Hidalcan for winking at it D. Paul sailed out of the River through the same Dangers he came in losing one Man Being come to Goa with Nineteen Sail whereas he went thence with only Ten the Viceroy came out to receive him and in the hearing of all that were present said What is it you mean D. Paul will you with such Acts of Bravery provoke my Envy to poison you Thus Heroes praise great Men and at the same time upbraid those who enviously Rail at noble Actions 11. The Emperor of Ceylon had some time since by his Ambassadors desired King Iohn III. to send him some Religious Men of the Order of St. Francis to instruct him in the Christian Religion They being come to him he recanted F. Iohn de Villa de Conde was this Year at his Court and had several times confuted the Bramenes disputing of Religion Yet they refusing to yield themselves overcome he offer'd with a lively Faith that he and one of them should be cast into a River full of great Crocodiles or into a great Fire and that his Religion who came out unhurt should be allowed to be the true They refused and the Franciscan immediately reaped the Fruit of this Victory baptising D. Iohn Parea Pandar King of Cota in the same Island 12. The Kingdom of Angola is near Monomotapa whereof we lately spoke and therefore will relate what happened there this Year because it is a remarkable Passage Paul Diaz undertook to War with that King who had treacherously kill'd a number of our Men This Captain with only two Galleys did Wonders on the Banks of the River Coanza till he fortified himself in an Island formed by this and the River Lucula Then joining the King of Congo and other Princes with only 150 Portugueses he several times defeated the Enemy But the most remarkable is the Battle wherein that King had a Million of Men which were put to flight in such Confusion they kill'd one another 13. At the beginning of this Year when the Ships sailed for India our Kingdom by the Death of the old Cardinal King Henry was under the Direction of five Governors who dispatched them They were four whereof one was forc'd back to Lisbon the last sent under a Portugues Government and the last our Viceroy saw For he having done no more than what is related or if he did having left no memory of it died the beginning of the Year having in some manner foretold it For some time before leave being asked of him to bury his Cousin Antony Rotello by his Brother D. Iohn de Ataide he refused it saying He had long since designed that place for himself 14. At the end of his first Government something was said of his Qualities and Merit and I have referred it to this place to speak of his undaunted Courage as a virtue most peculiar to him Some Proof of it has been given in the former Part of his Life I will now give another Instance At the attack as I think of Onor he sailed in a Brigantine sitting on a Chair and a famous Musician by him playing upon a Harp The Enemy's Cannon from the Fort reached the Vessels and grated the Musicians Ear D. Luis who was pleased to hear the Musick seeing him give over as if he had not seen the Cause asked him why he left off the Musician told him and he stretching out his hand said I pray let nothing disturb thee go on with that Tune for it is a very good one 15. One of the Gentlemen that were standing behind him seeing this was too great a Contempt of Danger said Tell that Man if he happens to be killed all will be lost And another answer'd Do not tell him so for if he be killed here are Men enough fit to succeed him 16. D. Luis this second time govern'd the Term of two Years and seven Months and may be reckoned in the number of Viceroys the Thirteenth in that of Governors the Twenty-ninth the First of the Name and Sirname CHAP. XX. The Government of Ferdinand Tellez de Meneses who was named by the Governors of Portugal upon the Decease of the Cardinal King Henry in the Year 1581. 1. THE Ships dispatched by the Governors of Portugal the last Year carried new Patents of Succession In the first was named Ferdinand Tellez de Meneses The Bishop of Malaca D. Iohn Ribeyro Gayo was President at this Ceremony which was celebrated with such Demonstrations of Joy as if there had been no Memory of their fresh Subjects of Tears 2. Whilst the Affairs of Portugal were in this miserable Condition those in the Kingdom of Visapor were no better the Succession being uncertain upon the decease of Hidalcan who died without Heirs in the 23d Year of his Reign and 50th of his Age. He
to the King and Princes who with Joy waited to see and honour him And no wonder since all the Christian Princes visited him by their Embassadors led by the admiration of his Glorious Exploits The French Embassador had his Picture drawn which was hung up in the Gallery of Fame among the other Hero's He was of a middle Stature strong built of a clear Judgment ready Wit a great Heart and very Liberal His Liberality did as much at Diu as his Valour for it is vain for a Miser ever to expect to purchase Glorious Victories Yet this Virtue was prejudicial to him in Portugal for the King having appointed him Governour of India was disswaded by some who said That Empire was too little for his Bounty 7. The late success of our Arms chiefly in Cambaya terrified all the Eastern Princes our Enemies so that Nizamaluco and Hidalcam immediately sent their Embassadors to confirm the last Peace concluded with them Zamori to obtain the more favourable Reception with the Vice-Roy took Emanuel de Brito Commander of the Fort of Chale for his Mediator Brito promised his Interest and accompanied the Embassador China Cutiale who came to Goa with a splendid Retinue The Vice-Roy received him with Courtesie and Grandeur The Peace was Concluded much to our Credit Had not the Vice-Roy fallen sick he designed to go to Calicut to perform the Ceremony of Swearing to the observation of the Articles but sent his Son D. Alvaro to this purpose under the Direction of discreet Men because he was young They came to Panane with a numerous Fleet where that Prince expected them accompanied by the Kings of Chale and Tanor They met with great demonstrations of Joy the Peace was sworn and lasted 30 years which was one of the greatest Blessings we enjoyed in India 8. About the beginning of Ianuary this Treaty was Concluded and the Vice-Roy sent towards Cambaya D. Peter de Castellobranco with 14 Sail who returned to God without any Action of Note Iohn de Sepulveda coming from Ormuz and hearing that Ruy Lorenço de Tavora was streightned by the Enemy in Baçaim relieved him with diligence and they forced the Enemy to leave the Field Antony Carvallo with 8 small Vessels went to seek some Pirates that coursed between Baticala and Anchediva They fled but being overtaken were destroyed their Ships burnt and the Country laid waste Carvallo returned with Honour to Goa where the Vice-Roy growing so weak he could not attend the Government he proposed a Worthy Person might be chose to supply his place and then said It should be no other than his Son D. Alvaro This surprized all Men being a violation of the Publick Liberty of Choice And might have proved of dangerous Consequence had not his Death prevented it for sometimes it is expedient One should dye for the good of the People 9. The Vice-Roy being dead the first Patent of Succession was opened and Martin Alfonso de Sousa was therein named who not long before was gone to Portugal The second being opened named D. Steven de Gama who lived Indisposed without the City All rejoyced at the Election as few were grieved at the Death of the Predecessor who nevertheless was honourably Interr'd His Picture represents him in the ancient Habit of Portugalâ—… all Black lined in Crimson He was the Third Vice-Roy and Eleventh Governor but first of the Name and held it a Year and seven Months His Son D. Alvaro came to Portugal and brought with him two Embassadors of the King of Cota He desired of King Iohn That in case he had no Son his Grand-Child might be sworn King To this effect the Embassadors brought his Image in Gold which held in its Hand a Crown set with Jewels for the King to Crown the Statue with The King did it publickly with much solemnity and the Embassadors returned well pleased as dispatched to their Prince's satisfaction CHAP. III. The Government of D. Stepen de Gama from the Year 1540 till the Year 1542 in the Reign of King JOHN the Third 1. DOn Stephen entred upon the Government the beginning of April he was Son of D. Vasco de Gama The first thing he did was to cause all he had to be publickly Valued that it might not be thought afterwards he had got his Estate by that Government at the end whereof it was found considerably diminished The first Act was hard to be imitated so the second which was That he advanced a great Sum to the Publick seeing the Treasury exhausted Next he refitted the Fleet which was laid up The care of Temporals did not lessen his attention to Spirituals so he founded the Colledge of St. Faith for the Heathen Youths that are Converted This was the second Colledge erected in that Empire and the first at Goa and the first Rector of it was that singular person the Vicar General Michael Vaz He sent his Brother D. Christopher young in years but not in ability to attend the Repairing the Ships at Cochin He sent Advice to several Commanders in order to be in a readiness to oppose the Rumes who it was said were Sailing towards our Coasts D. Christopher set out with 600 Men against the King of Porca and a Caymal of his because they had robbed Sebastian de Sousa coming from Maldivia and refused to make Restitution He marched up the Country slew many of the Enemy and routed the rest Beheaded the Caymal and laid the Country waste which produced an advantagious Peace and an Agreement between this King and him of Pimienta 2. Being advertized That the Rumes could not set out this Year he attended other Affairs Emanuel de Vasconcelos was sent with 20 Sail to the Coast of Malabar and Antony de Castelobranco with 30 to Cambaya Scarce were they gone when 4 Ships arrived from Portugal They carried new Orders from the King as dangerous as they were new for whoever deprives Men of the hopes of Advancement takes away their Courage Such were these being the sullen thoughts of Ministers who thinking all too little for themselves think every thing too much for others The Ships being sent to Cochin to load and return home D. Stephen prepared to set out for the Red Sea in order to burn the Turkish Gallies at Zues but first he sent some Commanders to the Post assigned them 3. When Badur King of Cambaya made over the Lands of Baçaim to the Portugueses he took them from Bramaluco a brave Man to whom he had before given them He thought the death of the Vice-Roy D. Garcia furnished him a convenient opportunity to regain them by surprize He set out of Damam in the dead of Winter with 300 Horse and 5000 Foot Ruy Lorenço de Tavora Commander of that Fort considering if the Enemy once took footing it would be hard to remove them sets out with 650 Portugueses the later number were Horse and Men of known Valour The Foot he divided into four Battalions and reserved to himself the 50
was within the Spanish Bounds and demand restitution of the Artillery he had taken and the Spaniards that were with him D. George granted the last and sent Advice to Goa and Portugal Villalobos dexterously began to draw near and plant himself in Tidore 3. Iordan de Freitas set out from Goa in April to succeed D. George in that Command and take possession of the Island Amboyna whereof he had a Grant from Tabarija King of Ternate wâ—…o had been unjustly sent Prisoner to Goa by Tristan de Atayde was there Baptized and now sent back by the Governour Martin Alfonso to be restored to his Crown Freyâ—…as being come to Malaca and considering that King would not be easily admitted by his Subjects for having changed his Religion left him there designing to take his Brother which would make his Re inthronement the more easie At Ternate D. George delivered him the Fort he Treated with Villalobos and they agreed upon a Truce for eight Months in which time they might consult their Superiours and during this time there was to be no Correspondence between them The Spaniards fell out among themselves in such manner that many of them went over to the Portugueses at Ternate F. Hierome of St. Stephen Confessor to Villalobos affirmed He was Excommunicated for entring the Portugues Limits but he remained obstinate 4. Freytas sent along with D. George who was going to Goa Aeiro the present King to make room for him he had left at Malaca not knowing he was since dead and had made the King of Portugal his Heir His Mother and Father-in-Law who had been with him went to Ternate with Ferdinand de Sousa who carried Relieâ—… to that Fort. Freytas received them in Mourning and then took possession of the Kingdom the Government whereof he committed to the Father-in-Law and Mother till other Orders came from Portugal Afterwards the Governour D. Iohn de Castro sent back Aeiro with the Title of KING to prevent the Disorders that happen by many Heads This last belongs to the Year 1545 but I insert it here not to break the Series of these Affairs 5. About this time in Ethiopia the Emperour marched against the King of Adel or Zeila He was followed by the Portugueses who escaped the former Defeat except 40 who were with Emanuel de Cuna in Barnagasso who being sent for could not come time enough Those with the Emperour were Ninety by whose Advice he marched towards the Enemy giving them the Van of his Army for the great Opinion he had of their Valour In the Province Ambea at the Foot of the Mountain Oenadias they met Seven hundred Horse and Two thousand Foot led by a Captain of Zeila to joyn the King Fifty Portugues Horse advanced to attack them the formost Antony Cardosa who killed the Enemies Captain the first stroak of his Lance the others following his Example slew many when Barnagais first and then the Emperour coming up Charged furiously and killing Eight hundred put the rest to flight who went rather to terrifie the Tyrant with this Relation than Reinforce him 6. He was a League off with his Army in Battalia it consisted of two Bodies of Foot Three thousand Men in each he marched in the Front with Five hundred Horse The Emperour met him with the like Number and in the same Order The Portugueses who were the Forlorn of this Body Charged the Five hundred and slew many losing two The Emperour in person behaved himself bravely till the Enemies Horse fled to the Wings of their Army The King was wanting in nothing shewing his Son Ten years of Age to stir up his Men to fight The Fight was renewed and the Emperour in great danger but a Portugues shooting the King in the Belly killed him and his Horse carried him about hanging being tied to the Saddle Only a few Turks chose rather to dye than fly and made a great slaughter of Ethiopians Iohn Fernandez Page to the Unfortunate D. Christopher at two stroaks of his Lance killed the Turkish Commander In fine Few of the Enemy escaped by flight the King's Head was cut off and his Son made Prisoner The Emperour acknowledging how great a share the Portugueses had in this and the late Victories did them great Favours Cuna returned to Goa with 50 only the rest stayed and married with Women of the Country whose Progeny still continues there 7. At Goa the Governour heard the Complaints of the King of Ormuz brought hither by D. Pedro de Castellobranco by Order of Martin Alfonso de Melo Iusarte Commander of that Fort. The Kings Complaints against him were most just having been used as the meanest of Madmen whereas his Madness was no other than the Avarice of those would make him so They endeavoured all they could to hinder his Restauration but seeing him Re-inthroned they poysoned him and what caused his Imprisonment and was the cause of his death was not punished After this Injustice followed the Justice executed upon Hierome Diaz a Portugues Physician of Jewish extraction he was burnt for Heresie CHAP. XIII Continues the Government of Martin Alfonso de Sousa 1. ABout forty Leagues off to the Eastward of the Moluco Islands is that of Macaçar rich and plentiful of Rice Salt Fish Flesh Fruit and Grain and yields Sandal Wax Ivory and Gold The People hardy and good Seamen The Soil pleasant and well Watered and has good Towns and Villages Some Portugueses hearing the Cstristian Faith was received there went thither and among them Antony de Payva that went as a Merchant not a Preacher but proved more Preacher than Mercahnt He had before had some Discourse with one of the Kings of the Island about Religion who seemed well pleased therewith Returning now he arrived in the Kingdom of Supa and had so much Discourse with that King who was 70 years of Age that he was very near being Converted 2. However the King remained dubious and Payva sailing thence went to the Port of Sian the King whereof on account of the grateful Conference they had before received him with kindness The Discourse of Religion was renewed and Payva at large explained all Points to him and at the same time urged the absurdness of the Adoration of Idols 3. The Conference ended the Sky till then being serene there arose a Storm of Thunder Lightning and Rain which was esteemed as a Heavenly Confirmation of the Truth of what Payva had said and he laying hold of that advantage urged the King to embrace the Faith He was inclinable but his Subjects and the Moors that Traded there obstructed him He demanded time to Consider At this time arrives the King of Supa and hearing he of Sian had desired time said A work so good ought rather to be put in execution than delayed that he was only sorry for the Time he had lost but would attone by being the first and desired to be immediately Baptized All stood amazed and there being no Priest the Ancientest of
that he might not see his Prince's Colours dragged and ours flying and among them Six hundred Prisoners in Chains In the Front the Cannon and all other sorts of Arms in Carts very delightful to behold The Governour walked upon Leaves of Gold and Silver and rich Silks The Ladies from the Windows sprinckled him with sweet Water and threw Flowers on him Our Queen Catherine hearing the Relation of his Victory and Triumph said D. John had Overcome like a Christian and Triumphed like a Heathen CHAP. IV. Continues the Government of D. John de Castro and Reign of King JOHN the Third 1. SCarce was the Triumph over when the Governour sent Iames de Almeyda Freyre with One hundred and twenty Horse Eight hundred Foot and a Thousand Indians to drive out of the Lands of Salsete and Bardes some Troops sent to Hidalcan to possess themselves of them because the Conditions upon which he delivered them were not performed The Enemy appeared at Cowlij to the number of Four thousand who fled at the News of our approach So the Lands were recovered without drawing Sword Hidalcan sent the same Troops again with Nine thousand more and a Company of Renegado Portugueses Commanded by Gonzalo Vaz Coutino who flying the punishment of his Crimes defended himself by committing greater Iames de Almeyda marched again with the same Force as before but being too weak was forced to quit what before he had regained The Governour marched in Person with Three thousand Men in five Batalions Francis de Melo joyned them with about Fifteen hundred The Enemy hearing of it though so numerous retired to the Fort of Ponda Our Army followed and D. Alvaro de Castro who led the Van took a Ford defended by Two thousand Musqueteers The other twelve or thirteen Thousand were drawn up in good Order about the Fort but fled after receiving our first Fire leaving the Fort so clear it appeared they had no design to maintain it 2. The Victor never wants Friends Cidoça King of Canara sent to Congratulate D. Iohn de Castro upon this Victory He proposed a New League with Portugal which was concluded upon Honourable Terms as always happen to those who are sent to This Kingdom of Charnataca corruptly Canara had no Sovereign Prince till the Year of Grace 1200. It began then in Boca a Shepherd who stiled himself Rao that is Emperour a Title that contiued in all his Successors This King as a Memorial of the Defeat given to the King of Delij built the famous City Visajanagar corruptly also called Bisnagar The Crown continued in his Line till usurped by Narsinga from whom this Kingdom took that Name as also that of Bisnagar from the City Afterwards King Melique sent also to ratifie and confirm the Peace with us rather through Hatred to him was defeated than Love to the Conquerours 3. D. George de Meneses who was left in the Sea of Cambaya with six Ships was informed that Madremaluco Son-in-Law to Coje Zofar and Lord of Baroche was gone from thence with all the Garrison Baroche is a City seated in the highest part of those Plains encompassed with a strong Wall very populous and well built Meneses marched by Night and at Break of Day had entred the Houses killing many asleep and the others as they awaked Such as escaped with the Fright they knew not whither they ran leaving Wives and Children behind only to save their own Lives The City could not be maintained and therefore was plundered and burnt and the Cannon that could not be carried Aboard were burst To D. George's Sirname was added that of Baroche 4. The Governour was informed the King of Cambaya would come upon Diu with a greater Power than before and with all diligence prepared to relieve it The City of Goa advanced Mony for this Enterprize and the Women again sent him their Jewels by their little Daughters complaining he had not made use of them the last time and desiring he would now But he sent them back with Presents The Fleet consisted of 160 Sail. 5. They sailed to Baçaim and thence to Suratt where D. Alvaro who set out eight days before had taken a Work killed some Moors and got Cannon Next they entred the Port of Baroche whence they discovered the King of Cambaya covering the Plain with 150000 Men and 80 Cannon in the Front the Army made a Semicircle and covered a League of Ground D. Iohn boldly leaped ashoar not only to shew he feared him not but with design to fight him The most Experienced Officers dissuaded him representing it was a rashness for 3000 to attack 150000 that it was enough that he had Landed and drawn off with as much leisure as if Victorious He was forced against his Will to submit to the Advice of his Elders He went on to Diu and giving the Command of that Fort to Luis Falcam because D. Iohn Mascarenas was returning to Portugal he run like an inundation along the Coast of Por and Mongalor The beautiful and strong Cities of Pate and Patane were abandoned by the Inhabitants and by us destroyed near Two hundred Vessels burnt in their Ports and a rich Booty taken The same hapned to Dabul but with some opposition This was done in revenge for Hidalcan's ravaging the Lands of Salsete and Bardes 6. Calabatecan his General had lately possessed those Lands with Twenty thousand Men. The Governour went to meet them with Fifteen hundred Horse and Four thousand Foot but the Enemy scarce heard them when they fled to the Mountains of Cowlij leaving their Tents and Baggage for haste Our Army rested and at Break of Day marched to give a good Morrow to Calabatecan who slept not but came down with Two thousand Horse to maintain the Ford. But Almeyda passing with a few Horse struck him down with his Lance yet he rising nimbly had killed our Captain with his Cimiter had not his Page again cast him down with a stroak of a Lance. He again rose and was again beat down by Almeyda and cut to pieces His Arms Horse and Furniture were of such value that the share of George Madera one of those that killed him being the Cimiter Dagger Chain and Rings were worth Eight thousand Crowns The Moors and Christians fell to it desperately but the former knowing their General was killed soon fled losing almost Three thousand Men. 7. Soon after the Governour marched to the Coast where he left neither Town Wood nor Flock or Herd of Cattle that could be seen but what he destroyed with Fire and Sword He was so pleased with this Success that he entred Goa in manner of Triumph giving the best share of it to his Son D. Alvaro These were rather demonstrations of Joy than Triumphs if otherwise the Triumphs were too many 8. Sometime before F. Antony del Padron the first Commissary of St. Francis in India with some Companions had entred into the Island Ceylon and Preaching had wrought no small effect along the Coast.
conclusion the Turks surrendred on Condition to return our Prisoners they were about Thirty and deliver up their Cannon Arms and Horses and 10000 Ducats They were to be carried to Baçora but were so weak with Hunger and the Pestilential Fever which about that time rages at Baharem that only two hundred of them lived Many of our Men died of the same Disease 4. About the end of this Year arrived in India five Ships from Portugal six sailed thence but one was drove back In them went F. George of St. Lucy and F. George Temudo the first was Bishop of Malaca the latter of Cochim both Dignities new Created for Queen Catherine seeing the See of Goa was over-burthened had obtained of the Pope the Instituting these Bishopricks but subordinate to Goa as were to be all others that should be Instituted 5. The Vice Roy understanding the Enemy was fitting out Ships on the Coast of Malabar where Luis de Melo was sent to his Aid 17 Sail with 600 Men. Melo distributed them about the Mouths of the Rivers and he himself ran along destroying the Towns and Woods Seven strong Parao's well manned and equipped came down the River Maim where Gonçalo Perez de Alvelos was firing their Cannon upon him and he answering sunk one of them But the Powder taking fire in one of our Ships blew it up and all the Men in it so the Enemy escaped Melo continued the War this Year and the next with success and utter desolation of all that Coast. 6. Bofata not long since defeated now marched towards our Fort of Balzar with 600 Horse and a great Body of Foot Our Commander Alvaro Gonçalez Pinto boldly meets him with 20 Horse 100 Portugues Foot and 500 Natives The first Charge they killed 50 of the Enemy but being overpowered by the Multitude were routed the Captain and most of the Portugueses killed and 150 of the Natives the rest fled Bofata immediately attacks the Fort not at all doubting to carry it but was vigorously opposed by the Valour of Gomez de Silva who though not born a Gentleman in this Action shewed how Gentlemen are Created The Enemy encamped and Silva did great Execution on them till Tristan Vâ—…z de Vega came to his Relief from Damam with ten Vessels well furnished In spight of all opposition he Landed and got into the Fort and Bofata seeing no hopes of prevailing drew off Not long after he returns and our Commander Alfonso Diaz Pereyra meeting him in the Field had the same success as Pinto and was killed as well as he all the difference was that the Enemy now entred the Fort pell-mell with our Men but Vincent Carvallo drove them again out headlong Calisto de Sequeyra killed 20 with his own hand They were quite spent with continual Fatigue when Luis Alvarez de Tavora brought Relief from Damam at sight whereof the Enemy retired 7. However by the Vice-Roy's Order the Fort was abandoned and the Enemy returning razed it then went on doing great harm in the Villages till they came to Tarapor where Martin Lopez de Faria was with 40 Men they attacked his Works and were repulsed with such loss that they desisted and went on This Action cost Lopez his Life being mortally wounded whereof he died at Damam D. Iames de Noronha marched after the Enemy and found them in the Country of Vaypim being 600 Horse and 1000 Foot with him were 150 of the former and 350 of the latter He fell on with such Fury that 60 of the Enemy fell the first Charge and after a sharp Dispute they all fled leaving him many Prisoners their Women Mony Baggage Horses Arms and Ammunition with which he returned triumphant to Damam notwithstanding the Enemy rallying attacked him in the Rear but at last fled to lament his Loss in the Woods whilst it was celebrated in the Town 8. Christopher Pereyra Homem sailing for Ethiopia with three Vessels only to set ashoar there B. Fulgentius a Jesuit sent by the Vice-Roy to the Bishop with some Church-stuff near Arquico met Cafar his four Gallies and with difficulty escaped them But the Admirals Galley coming up sometime after the Fight could not be avoided and Pereyra boarding her with 30 Men the Turks who were 150 killed every Man of them The other two Vessels leaving him in the danger got to Goa where Vincent Carvallo and Rock Pinheyro were put in Gaol for their Cowardize for had they done their Duty Cafar had been taken 9. B. Fulgentius was taken and afterwards ransomed the loss of him and what he carried was lamented by the Portugueses in Ethiopia Adamas Sagad succeeded the Emperour that died and defeated many Rebels in which Victory the Portugueses had a considerable share The Turkish Bassa returning with a greater Power defeated Sagad with the assistance of some Portugueses for they can be Turks when they please This was the cause that Emperour never after trusted them 10. Bisminaique Lord of the Pearl-Fishery seeing those of Punicale would pay no greater acknowledgment than One days Fishing resolved to right himself by force He marched with 1000 Men Melrao lead the the Van doing much harm D. Duarte de Meneses after several Skirmishes killed him and stopped the current of his Men till the useless People as Aged Men Women and Children with the best of their Goods got off in a Ship where they suffered much Hunger and such Thirst that they drank their own Water The Commander of the Fort Emanuel Rodrigues Coutinho Charged a Body of those that Melrao had Commanded and did good Execution but Bisminaique coming up with his Army D. Duarte was forced to retire to his Ship and Coutinho to another where he was taken with all his Men and after ransomed The Enemy entred and plundered the Town 11. Four Ships arrived now in India of six that sailed from Lisbon In them went the first Archbishop of Goa and the first Inquisitors sent to suppress the Jews One of the six Ships was forced back to Lisbon Another Commanded by Ruy de Melo was drove to Brasile and thence set out again so unsuccessfully that she was lost beyond the Cape of Good Hope The Men got ashoar and part of them Coasted along in the Long-Boat and two Barques they made the rest marched along in sight of them till they took three little Ships which held them all and so went up a River in the King of Menanchabo's Country Their neglect and the Beauty of D. Francisca Sardina Wife to Iames Pereyra de Vasconcelos gave courage and opportunity to those Barbarians to assault them and steal her They fell on our Men on a sudden and killed 60 carrying away this Portugues Hellen or Proserpine The rest arrived in India 12. The late Governour Francis Barreto put to Sea the third time and arrived safe at Lisbon with D. Luis Fernandez de Vasconcelos who had before lost his Ship The Kings of Cochim and Cananor were now at War and the Portugueses
slain the rest fled and the Town was plundered The Wife of Arel and other persons of Note were taken with much Gold Silver Jewels Silks and other Stuffs good Cannon and thirteen considerable Vessels all was put to the Sword first and then delivered up to the Flames without the loss of one Man The Governor returning to Cochin found there two Ships that came from Portugal with Nuno de Cuna who came to take upon him that Government and was behind with most of the Fleet. Lope Vaz desired to deliver up India to him cleansed of Pyrats and so prosecuted his Undertakings He went to Cananor and sent his Nephew Simon de Melo against Marabia a Town not far distant who burnt twelve of the Paraos that guarded the Port and landing fired the Town The same he did at mount Delii Antony de Silva de Meneses acted in the same nature at other places There was nothing every where but Fire and Sword Ruin and Destruction 14. The King of Cambaya at this time had fitted out eighty Barques against Nizamaluco Lord of Chaul and did harm to the Portugueses Alexiath a valiant â—…oor commanded that Fleet and our Commander at Chaul and Nizamaluco both demanded aid of Lopâ—… Vaz He set out with forty Sail in which were above a thousand Portugueses besides the Natives who bore Arms. Hector de Silveyra had the Command of the Vessels that rowed Lope Vaz being arrived at Chaul sent eighty Portugueses under the Command of Iohn de Avelar to Nizamaluco then sailed towards Diu understanding the eighty Barques steered that way Off of Bombaim he had sight of them Some Vessels run to secure the mouth of the River Bandora left the Enemy might escape that way Hector de Silveyra with his Brigantines fetched up Aleixiath The Cannon began a furious Charge and the Smoak being dispersed there appeared in the Air showers of Bullets and Arrows Then they boarded and after a vigorous Engagement Alixiath fled with only seven of his eighty Barques Thirty three of them were of use the rest burnt the Prisoners were many much Artillery taken and abundance of Ammunition Hector lost not one Man in this glorious Action to which Lope Vaz was a joyful Spectator tho envious of Silveyra's Glory Iohn de Avelar acted no less for scaling an almost impregnable Fort of the King of Cambaya he was the first that entered and having slain all the Defendants delivered it up to Nizamaluco Here three Portugueses were lost They were all assisted by a thousand of Nizamaluco's â—…ubjects That Prince honored and rewarded the Bravery of the Portugueses 15. Lope Vaz overjoyed with this success thought Diu now weakened would surrender if he appeared before it and he judged right as afterwards appeared But all the Captains except Hector de Silveyra being of a contrary opinion he was forced to desist and went back to Goa leaving the famous Hector with twenty two Vessels that rowed to scour that Coast of Pirats Antony de Miranda on that of Malabar drove all that came in his way He had destroyed twelve Paraos when Christopher de Melo the Governor's Nephew joined him with a hundred choice Men in six Brigantines and a Gally Then they took in the River Chale a mighty Ship of Calicut laden with Pepper and bravely defended by much Artillery and eight hundred Men. Near Monte Hermoso or Mount Beautiful they defeated fifty Sail of Calicut and took much Cannon and many Men in three Paraos But the Winter coming on they retired 16. Hector de Silveyra who was left with his Brigantines on the Coast of Cambaya did much execution He run up the River Nagotana of Baçaim and landed the Natives with the Terror of his Actions deserting the Towns whereof he burnt six At the last the Commander of Nagotana appeared in the Field with five hundred Horse and a great number of Foot Hector knowing it was a raâ—…ness to encounter him retired towards his Brigantines but the Horse coming on hindered any from embarquing Hector faced them and killing three made some room Francis Godino dismounting one of the Enemy got upon his Horse and killing another brought that Horse to his Captain who encouraging his Men made the Enemy give back and so gained time to imbarque Hector went hence to Bacaim seated on the Banks of the River of the same name found it well fortified and stored with Cannon through whose Mouths he must force his landing Behind the Town lay Alixiath with five hundred Horse and three thousand Foot Hector entered the River by night and in the morning in despight of their Cannon forced the Works killing many of the Defendants As he marched to the Town on a sudden Alixiath fell on him with his three thousand five hundred Men. Silveyra drew his Men into one Body and bravely put all that number to flight killing many Whilst they fled Baâ—…aim was plundered and burnt The Lord of Tana a great City not far distant terrified at this success submitted himself as Tributary to Portugal and was received by Hector who now retired to Chaul 17. Let us now see what was done during this time at Maluco Simon de Sousa Galvam was going in a Galley with seventy Men to take the Command of that Fort of D. George a most violent storm brought him in a miserable condition to the Port of Achem. Immediately flocked about them several Vessels upon pretence of assistance but being come aboard they fell upon the seventy Portugueses with all manner of weapons but they recovering the Fright bravely drove them all from their Ships sides but not above twenty of them were left that could stand upon their Feet The King in a rage that the Ship was not taken ordered his Admiral to attack her in the morning He came and Simon de Sousa encouraging those Men that could scarce support themselves did Feats like to those related in Fables and repelled with great slaughter that Inundation that came upon them But a Moor who was in the Galley leaping overboard gave the Enemy an account of her miserable condition With a fresh supply they came on again and boarded her killing most of our Men Simon de Sousa was cut in pieces Only such as had not life enough to seek their death remained alive and were carried to the King with the Galley and afterwards served in the execution of his wicked Designs as shall appear in its proper place 18. Thus Simon de Sousa sailing by the way D. George de Meneses continued his Command at Maluco He sent some Portugueses against Tidore and the Spaniards that were there but they being put to the rout D. George gathered the Ternatenses they their Allies the chief whereof were Cachil de Aroez the King of Bacham and the Sangages They fell upon Tidore in the morning those of of Tidore and the Spaniards fought couragiously but were obliged to give ground and retire the Spaniards to their Fort having lost six Men two killed and
Officer couragiously fell on the place appointed him The Enemy received them with desperate fury Many were killed and among them the brave Hector de Silveyra who in so many Occasions had notably signalized himself This to us was a great loss Our dead in all were twelve A Portuguese ran through an Islander with his Lance and he pressing forward upon it with his Cymiter cut off the Portuguese his Leg and they both fell down dead One stood upon a Rock with four Women and seeing our Men comeon killed two of the Women by their free consent but a Bullet preventing him from killing the other two they both leap'd into the Sea to prevent being made Slaves but to no effect for they were taken in the Sea Eighteen hundred of the Enemy were killed and sixty Cannons taken 14. Nuno de Cuna parting from Beth appeared no less formidable to Diu than that City did to him The City considered the Sea covered with that Fleet. The Fleet a City built upon Rocks and encompassed by them and Water the Mouth of the River crossed with massy Chains sustained upon Vessels and eighty filled with Archers and Musqueteers to defend them within ten thousand armed Men and an infinite number of great Artillery The tops of Houses Walls and Rocks covered with multitudes of People of both Sexes and all Ages rending the Air with Shouts Our Governor viewed the danger consulted the Captains and ordered the Assault 15. On the sixteenth of February the signal being given the Sea and Land were covered with Clouds of Smoak and Dust of the Destruction our Guns made in the City Nuno standing in a Boat cloathed in red to be the better seen flew to all parts where there was occasion and being known was all the Mark the Enemies Shot was directed to Which Sebastian de Sa who by favour was taken out of another Boat into his perceiving with some concern said to him Alas Sir was it for this you brought me hither And he pleasantly as if no danger had been near replyed to him and others Humilitate capita vestra D. Vasco de Lima had not lowered his Head for a Ball took it off his shoulders Our Cannon began to burst with the continual Fire Cuna perceiving this loss and that twelve Men were killed without doing any considerable Execution upon the Enemy the day being spent consulted with the principal Men and it was agreed the Enterprize was not practical He desisted leaving Antony de Saldana with sixty Vessels in the Bay of Cambaya to do what damage he could to the Enemy It was agreed on all Hands that had not the Governor stayed to take Beth he had carried Diu for the Moor Mustapha was the only cause of its holding out who entered but three days before with considerable Relief We lost never a Vessel and that part of the Fleet which went with Nuno de Cuna arrived at Goa the fifteenth of March where it stayed till two Ships came in of six that sailed this year from Lisbon Of the other four one returned to Portugal another perished in a storm at Cape Comori the Captain Manuel de Macedo and all the Men being saved ashore where they defended themselves against a great number of Moors till relieved from Cochin A third was never heard of And the fourth came afterwards but returning home with another it was never known of what became of both 16. Mustapha as soon as the Portugues Fleet was gone went to offer himself to King Badur carrying great Presents and was received with Honor and rewarded He gave him the Command of Baroche in the Bay of Cambaya and other considerable Revenues with the Title of Rume because he was a Grecian for the Indian Moors being ignorant of the Division of the Provinces of Europe called all Thracia Greece Sclavonia and the adjacent Countries Rum and the Natives thereof Rumii this Name being proper only to those of Thracia called Romania Therefore the Turks and Rumes are different Nations those being originally of Turchestan and these of Greece and Thrace and the Rumes esteem themselves more honorable than the Turks He also gave him the Title of Cham a Dignity among the Tartars like a Duke with us and among the Eastern People is given to Persons of great Merit So Mustapha from hence forward was called Rume Cham. 17. Antony de Saldana who was left in the Sea of Diu with sixty Sail and fifteen hundred Men went to the City Madrefabat five Leagues distant towards the Island Beth and burnt it with small opposition Then he went to Goga twenty four Leagues distant from the last a place of great Trade formerly populous and strong In the Port were fifteen of the best Paraos of Calicut laden with Spice who fled up a Creek and were followed by Saldana with eight hundred Men in the smaller Vessels It was found necessary to land and three hundred Horse and eight hundred Foot coming down to the Relief of the Malabars there was a sharp Engagement till above two hundred of the Enemy being killed they quitted the Field and Vessels which were all burnt as was the Town and eight Ships in the Port. We lost some Men. The chiefest Booty was much good Cannon The same happened to the Towns Belsa Tarapor Maii Quelme and Agacim and lastly Surat then rising after the last Fire and some Vessels in that River Saldana having thus terrified all that Coast retired to Goa About this time came into Nuno de Cuna's power a Brother of the King of Cambaya who was the rightful Heir of that Crown and through him our Governor hoped to compass some considerable advantage D. Antony de Silveyra who parted from Chaul with six Ships arrived at Aden and found that King who not long before submitted to the Portugueses had killed such as had stayed there for Covetousness of a Ship laden with Spice that came to his Port. Silveyra being too weak to revenge this sailed to Ormuz where he died George de Lima succeeded in his Command and took two rich Ships in the Bay of Cambaya 18. Our Cruisers had about this time taken twenty seven Ships of the King of Calicut richly laden He being preplexed with these Losses and fearing greater proposed an Accommodation Iames Pereyra was sent to treat and obtained what he desired which was leave to build a Fort at Chale Chale is an Island in a River that falls into the Sea three Leagues from Calicut navigable in Boats up to the Mountain Gate Urinama a Heathen was a King of it and next to him he of Tanor both Subjects of Calicut Both coveted the Friendship of the Portugueses as well to cast of that Yoke as in hopes to grow rich with our Trade As soon as Nuno had obtained consent to raise the Fort he set out from Goa with one hundred and fifty Sail three thousand Portugueses and one thousand Lascarines of the Country Such diligence was used in the Work the Gentlemen not
Mogol at the time when Babor Paxiath great Grandson to Tamerlane the Great reigned among them 4. Omaum Son of Babor now broke with Badur King of Cambaya who to begin the War sent twenty thousand Horse and a multitude of Foot upon his Enemies Frontiers Here it may appear that Ingratitude never escapes unpunished The Queen Crementii who had saved Badur's Life and in return was by him deprived of her Liberty and Kingdom of Chitor now revenged her self on him after this manner He by his Embassadors required her to send him her Son with what Men she could to serve against the Mogol The Queen desired he would restore her other Son whom he kept as an Hostage that she might not be deprived of both and that the mean while she would raise the Forces Badur not diving into her Design sent him and she immediately put her self into the protection of the Mogol Badur enraged at this Action gathered one hundred thousand Horse four hundred and fifteen thousand Foot a thousand Cannon many of great Bulk six hundred armed Elephants and six thousand Carriages This multitude marched in great order and was abundantly supplyed with all things 5. He besieged the City Chitor and battered it furiously but tho the besieged received great damage they did him much more Badur now raging received the News that the Mogols had slain twenty thousand of the Men he sent to ravage their Country He vented his passion upon the City and at last more by policy than strength became Master of it having lost fifteen thousand Men among them four Portugueses The Queen with the choice of her Riches fled Badur used no Cruelty towards the City but repaired it against future dangers leaving Minaâ—… Hozem to command in it with twelve thousand Men. Then he marched towards his Enemy who advanced victorious through the Kingdom of Mandou in order to relieve Chitor and being now informed it was in possession of Badur and that he was intrenched about Doçor Omaum marched thither and encamped 6. Badur found the greatest danger where he sought security for being incamped between a River and a Lake and Omaum before him the resort of Provisions was quite cut off so that in few days they suffered extreme Famine and such as went out to seek Relief fell into the Hands of the Enemy as did Coraçam Cham with two thousand Horse 7. This so disheartened Badur that he stole away and his Camp was plundered by the Mogols who found there vast Riches Badur with all speed fled towards Mandou accompanied by Rume Cham and some Portugueses being left by many persons of Note and particularly Melique Liaz for the murder of his two Brothers In fine very little of that mighty Army escaped the Sword or Famine and what did was dispersed and disarmed Badur got into Mandou having slipped ten thousand Mogols who thought to prevent his reaching that place 8. Badur fortified this City and gave the chief Command to Rume C ham his Favourite Omaum hearing of it lengthened his Marches to come upon him Rume Cham now fearful of his Master deserts to Omaum Rume's Wife Daughter and Riches were at Champanel Badur and Rume strove who should first secure Champanel the former having there one tho the least of his three Treasures which only in Copper-Mony was worth thirty Millions besides Pearls Precious Stones and other things of value with this Treasure he sent Rume's Family and Riches under a strong Guard to Diu whilst he himself hearing the approach of Omaum wasted the Country and destroyed the Artillery lest it should fall into the Enemies Hands The same he did at Cambayaâ—… Rume C ham seeing his Wife and Riches were carried away obtained of his new Master five thousand Horse to follow them As he entered one Gate of Cambaya Badur was going out at another who seeing himself so close pursued by Rume left his Women and Riches by the way that they might put a stop to his pursuit So it fell out for Rume Cham returned to Champanel and Badur got to Diu whilst Omaum was at Champanel dividing his Kingdom and conquering that impregnable place with Liberality 9. Champanel was impregnable by Art and Nature and the Mogols not used to spend time even in easie Sieges but Tyrants have nothing secure so these Rocks which might have been a secure Retreat to him turned against Badur This mountain is thirty Leagues from the Sea and yet visible thither the ascent of it being almost five Leagues Where Nature left any passage Art supplyed it with strong Walls The City stands on the side of it has sightly Buildings twenty thousand Families and a great Trade The City it self is not walled but there are many places upon the Mountain well fortified strongly garrisoned and stored with Cannon Somewhat higher is the Royal Palace wonderful for Structure and Greatness and on the top a Fort can terrifie the most daring Here Badur found no security for Tyrants can meet none in the World and think themselves between Sheets when they are between the strongest Walls and when between the finest Sheets they imagine they lie upon Thorns 10. These Misfortunes were the Motives that induced Badur to consent to our raising the Fort at Diu. Before to secure our Friendship against the Mogol he had surrendered Baçaim to Nuno de Cuna and now in hopes of our assistance to recover what was lost he offered Diu. Badur sent to dispose Martin Alphonso de Sousa who was at Chaul and he urged the necessity of raising the Fort giving advice hereof to Nuno and desiring leave to go treat about this important Affair Cuna refused him leave jealous that any but himself should compass a matter so much desired by his Prince and sent his own Secretary Embassador to Badur 11. Still Badur struggled with his Pride and thought to get assistance from the Turk to recover his Kingdom To this effect he sent Saf Cham Embassador with a rich Present but hearing the Mogol had taken Champanel utterly despaired He resolved to fly to Meca and there wait the Turks Answer but his Mother and Friends dissuaded him advising to grant leave to the Portugueses to raise the Fort at Diu and by their assistance his Fortune might be bettered Instantly he sent to offer it to Martin Alphonso at Chaul whither also came a Message from the Mogol with the same Offer 12. Martin Alfonso having sent advice to the Governor asked not a second time for leave but set out immediately for Diu as Badur desired At Sea he met the Secretary Simon Ferryra and both arrived at Diu on the twenty first of September They soon came to an agreement upon these Articles That Badur confirmed all that had been done relating to Baçaim that something which concerned Trade should be transferred thence to Diu that there should be a League offensive and defensive between the King of Portugal and him that the Fort should be raised where and in what manner the Governor should
Ataide was as deformed of Body as his Actions were scandalous Let us return to the Affairs of India CHAP. VII Continues the Government of Nuno de Cuna the same Year 1536 in the Reign of King John the Third 1. WE have already related how the Empire of Decan by the death of Mahomet Xiath was divided into seven parts by as many Governors who set themselves up as Kings and warring among themselves were reduced to five The first and chief of these was Hidalcam whose Territories lie from North to South along the Sea Coast from the River Domel eight Leagues off Dabul to Cintacola eleven below Goa and has sixty Leagues in length and fifty in breadth where largest On the North it borders upon Nizamaluco on the South upon Canara and part of Narsinga and on the East upon Madremaluco Melique Verido and Cotamaluco which make the five into which that Crown was divided Cotamaluco and Verido were at war because the former reflected upon the latter as disloyal to the dead King as if either of them were innocent Cota came off with loss 2. Hidalcam upon such like occasion took Arms against Cotamaluco who was then at Golconda a City almost impregnable being seated upon an inaccessible mountain well fortified and garrisoned Hidalcan set down before it with one hundred thousand Horse and four hundred thousand Foot Cota not without reason was apprehensive of this danger but reposed great confidence in twelve Portugueses he had with him The Enemy the first Attacks lost twenty thousand Men and afterwards an hundred thousand as well by Famine as Sword for Catamaluco cut off all his Provisions and such parties as went out for them and of what he took he sent ten thousand to Hidalcan without Ears or Noses bidding him put upon them those of his Men he had served so the last War The Sorrow for these Misfortunes caused his Death whence sprang Wars between his Sons These were Mulacam who was received as Heir and Abraham who could not brook his being owned as such and being encouraged by Cotamaluco and others disturbed the common Peace and was at last himself taken prisoner 3. Cotamaluco set upon Mulacham as he was carrying his Father to bury him but was forced to fly to the Woods Mean while Abraman escaped out of prison and by the assistance of Nizamaluco possessed himself of the Kingdom and took his Brother Mulacâ—…am whom his Army infamously delivered up at Bisapoâ—… Açadacam set out with a good Army to rescue Malucam But Melique Cuf in whose custody he was cruelly put out his Eyes and delivered him and his Treasure to Abraham He desiring to appease Açadacam made him great Offers which were all rejected Açadacam encamped within five Leagues of him and sent a Messenger to him whose Name was Caçem this Man Abraham prevailed with to undertake to murder his Master which Açadacam discovering caused him to be stabbed before he approached him 5. Açadacam endeavoured to alienate the Hearts of the great ones from Abraham but was not altogether so successful as he wished In fine Cogerte Cham who at his instigation acted in the same manner was obliged to fly for relief to Nizamaluco in whom he sound his Ruin being robbed by him and brought to such misery he resolved to retire to Mecha but passing through Dabul he accepted the Offer of Protection made him by Simon Guedez then commanding there till Nuno de Cuna received him at Diu and obtained of King Badur to entertain him according to his Quality where after he became one of the chief Generals of Cambaya 6. The new Hidalcan I mean Abraham for those Princes when they come to the Crown all take this Title was perplexed with the Proceedings of Açadacam and endeavoured to reconcile him Açadacam's Forces at this time ravaged all the Continent about Goa and Hidalcan made fresh Instances to bring him to his Court but to no effect Mean while the desolation of that Country was such that the Natives freely offered it up to Nuno de Cuna he after conferring about it with Açadacam accepted the Offer to deliver that Country from utter Ruin 7. Açadacam was a Mahometan as well in his Dealing as Belief The more to perplex Hidalcam he goes into the Service of the King of Bisuagar who received him with great honor Nuno de Cuna was not exempted from his Frauds therefore to carry on his Designs he persuaded him to send Christopher de Figueredo promising to prevail with the King of Bisnagar to resign to the King of Portugal the Continent about Goa to which he had an ancient Title Hidalcan being informed of these Proceedings encamped near him of Bisnagar with four hundred thousand Men and 700 Elephants the other had a 1000 Elephants more and some thousands of Men. He sent to let him know that according to former Agreements he ought to deliver up to him his Slave Açadacam The King of Bisnagar referred it to Açadacam himself to give the Answer and he gave it such as deceived and at the same time was approved of 8. But the King was soon undeceived for Açadacam who had done all this only to better his Fortunes now went over to Hidalcam when least he expected it Cotamaluco who had joined Hidalcan to oppose Açadacam seeing him received with great honor goes over to the King of Bisnagar who was marching to besiege the City Rachol which he had before taken and had again submitted to Hidalcam At last these Princes came to a Composition parting the Territory of that City which fell to the Lot of Hidalcam Açadacam by order of his Master marched after Cotamaluco to the City Naiteguir taken by him and recovered it and obliging him to put himself into Hidalcam's Power with a Grand daughter he had offered him to Wife The Wedding reconciled all this Discord 9. King Badur pretended by an ancient Custom of Indostan to have the power of giving the Title of King He sent the Royal Ensigns to Hidalcam desiring he should acknowledge him as his Predecessors had done but Hidalcam accepted his Friendship and rejected the Title Badur's intention was to secure Hidalcam against the Portugueses to whom he owed the Recovering of his Crown Açadacam being suspicious of Hidalcam endeavoured to be far from him and to this end prevailed with Cotamaluco to return home and declare war Hidalcam discovered the Author of this Discord and would have killed him but the Design being disclosed Azadacam threw himself at his Feet with two hundred thousand Pardaos of Gold begging pardon tho he said he had done nothing to ask pardon for Thus he bought his Life and Hidalcam sold his safety Such is the power of Gifts even over those who can give greater 10. Hidalcam now bent his thoughts upon recovering the Lands about Goa Açadacam who had been the cause that Nuno de Cuna took them now was the promoter of his Master's demanding them Nuno referred the Answer to Diu whither he was going being sent for by
King Badur at his arrival almost despoiled of his Crown They expected no answer but suddenly Solyman Aga invaded those Lands with almost six thousand Men. They began to hinder the carrying Provisions to Goa D. Iohn Pereyra who then commanded sent to advertise Solymam of the Injustice of his Undertaking but he gave no ear to it and killed some Portugueses not without receiving considerable damage He besieged Christopher de Figueredo in the Fort of Mandor to whose relief came Iordan de Freytas with some Men sent by D. Iohn so the Turk raised the Siege and fled as far as Margam 11. Don Iohn marched at the heels of Freitas and being at Maâ—…dor the Aga sent him word he came not to make war but to receive the Rents of those Lands the Answer was That he should march off within an hour and half Don Iohn followed the Messenger to force the Turk in case he obeyed not but finding he did retired 12. Solyman halted at Ponda from whence he made fresh Instances to D. Iohn to resign those Lands to Hidalcan He answered he acknowledged him not as his Minister and prepared for War He built the Fort of Rachol where some Blood was spilt Solyman endeavouring to obstruct it who lost three thousand Men about Bailim and Singuizar slain by the Gentils assisted by two hundred Portugueses Iordan de Freytas with fifty Men routed the Turk Sarnabose sent by Solyman with five hundred Emanuel Vasconcelos razed a Bulwark the Enemy was making in the Pass of Borii and burnt some Houses Solyman advances as far as Margam Pereyra went to meet him with five hundred Portugueses and seven hundred Canaras The Fight began the Canaras and some Portugueses gave way terrified with strange Fire-works made by a Witch who in Man's Cloaths sought to revenge the Death of her Husband Pereyra seeing this Disorder advanced crying out Let who will follow me for I hope with the help of God to overcome the Enemy All following his Example Solyman quitted the Field having lost eight hundred Men on our side not one was killed The Booty was considerable 13. Mean while Açadacam attempted to recover these same Lands but met no great success for Hidalcam endeavoured thus to divert him while he gained his City of Bilgam where his Riches lay At length they agreed and Açadacam designed again to attempt the Dependences of Goa He proceeded not with Vigor being conscious Nuno had by his advice possessed himself of them and because he had lately received a Message from him after his Return from Diu. Yet in conclusion he marched as far as Ponda with twenty thousand Men. 14. From that place he sent a Letter of Hidalcam to Cuna demanding those Lands The Answer was He held them by consent of Açadacam that if he desired war the Portugueses were not backward and that he could not restore them or raze the Fort of Rachol without his King's Consent Açadacam fearing his Master would take his City acted not much on this side So there happened no considerable Action 15. Now the Answer of Hidalcam was brought containing That since Açadacam was the Cause of his taking those Lands he would stand by what should be agreed between them Both coveâ—…ing the same thing for themselves they came to no agreement Cuna relieved Vasco Fernandez who was in some distress and they put the Enemy to flight Hearing the Enemy appeared now in greater Numbers he sent Don Iohn Pereyra with one hundred and thirty Horse six hundred Portugues Foot and one thousand Canaras commanded by Crisna an honest Pagan They found the Enemy at the Foot of a Mountain and attacked them with such Vigor they presently fled their Commander and many more were slain on our side only four 16. Açadacam after these Losses desired a Conference with Nuno de Cuna but it succeeded not so the Inroads were continued chiefly about Rachol where our Cannon killed some Winter expiring Nuno began to act more vigorously He sent Antony de Silveyra to the Continent with two hundred Canara Horse and seventeen hundred Portugues Foot Antony went three Leagues up the Country making great havock and killing three hundred Moors and two considerable Officers with loss of eight Portugueses Mean while Gonzalo Vaz Coutinho destroyed the Coast of Dabul and thence brought to Goa many Vessels taken and three hundred Prisoners and abundance of Provisions which encreased the Joy of the other Victories and relieved the City distressed for want 17. The Clamours of that ruined People and a Letter from Nuno de Cuna coming to Hidalcan he ordered Açadacam to desist He obeyed not but to justifie his refusal sent him a Present of a stately Horse and Cymiter set with Jewels Hidalcan going to take off a piece of Silk in which the Cymiter was wrapped was hindered by his Mother who caused a Page to unfold it he instantly fell down dead as did two Men who were ordered to mount the Horse Such was the Poison the Present carried Then the Queen looking upon her Son said Behold your Father's Murderer For it was believed he had been poisoned The Governor perceiving that Açadacam did not desist sent Gonzalo Vaz Coutino with thirty Vessels and three hundred Men half Canaras who burnt the Town of Ponda and many Ships and returned with three hundred Prisoners Azadacam in a rage marched towards Rachol and opposite to it began to erect a Fort called Bori to obstruct our Sailing up the River of that Name and notwithstanding our opposition put it into such condition it appeared formidable Nuno de Cuna sent a fresh Supply to hinder this Work and they assaulting it with more courage than conduct four hundred of them were slain and forty taken whereof one appearing naked before Açadacam he took off part of his own Garment to cover him saying The Portugueses were not to be so used This Loss caused the demolishing the Fort of Rachol which the Governor ordered Peter de Faria to execute Nuno de Cuna's presence was required at Diu and he fearing to leave Goa in danger concluded a Peace with Açadacam This was rather a Truce than Peace for neither desisted from his pretensions unless Açadacam did by going away from Ponda 18. Whilst these things were in agitation at Goa the King of Calicut marched to Cranganor upon pretence of visiting those parts as their Emperor but in reality to destroy the Portugueses induced thereto by King Badur Thence he designed to pass to Vaipaim which being suspicious Peter Vaz commanding at Cochin endeavoured to prevent striving withall to avoid affronting him or being faulty in his Duty Having made provision by Sea and Land he desired the King to desist from that Design The King gave no ear to him but sent many Ships to clear the Passage but they failed above a thousand of their Men being slain and much damage received by Vincent de Fonseca's Artillery which guarded that Pass many more flying with precipitation were drowned This happened near the
to Panane advertized Zamori of his Design and he consenting desired him to wait his coming for he would be present at the chusing the Ground He delayed coming because his Bramenes could not find a lucky day for him to set out and Camara being in haste sent Presents to those Fortune-tellers who thereupon presently found a fortunate hour 4. Zamori being come the Fort was made of Wood and the Command of it given to Ruy Gomez de Gram who pulled it all down and built it after another manner and of considerable strength So that Gram built the Fort and Camara had the Credit of it 4. As soon as Camara had as he thought finished what Gram believed not begun he went aboard his Squadron which having been ill undertaken came to a worse end Too much haste in going to Panane made him too slow in going to the Red Sea and now this slowness in going to Sea was as prejudicial as the haste in building the Fort. His Squadron consisted of four Galleys two Galleons and twenty other Vessels 5. Cosme Faya went before to discover and being deceived by a Xeque in the Island Camaran was slain with all his Men. Camara sailing with the Wind at East entred the Mouth of the Red Sea and came to an Anchor in a Bay on the Coast of Arabia Eleven Leagues from the City Moca Some of his Ships were dispersed and he designingâ—…o take fresh Water while he waited for them sent some Officers and 60 Soldiers with those that were to take Water Thirty Turkish Horse and 500 Foot falling upon them out of an Ambush killed 5 or 6 but our Men taking courage stood them eight hours killing many till Relief coming the Enemy fled Camara sailed thence to find his scattered Fleet he found and lost them again and after suffering much chiefly through want of Water he put into Ormuâ—… without having done any thing 6. But before his going in he sent Peter Homem Pereyra with 15 Sail against the Niquilus now dangerous Neighbours who hindred the carrying of Provisions to Ormuz from whence 5 Vessels more were sent him with which he made up 600 Men many of them Men of Note Scarce were they landed when the Enemy rising from an Ambush fell on them with such fury that breaking those who were drawn up and hindering the others from forming themselves they slew 250 forcing the rest to swim to their Vessels many whereof were drowned This was one of the greatest and most shameful Losses we sustained in India 7. The pretence for sending this Squadron to the Red Sea was to fight the Turkish Galleys that were to set out from Moca whereas in truth there were no such Galleys and the real design was only to employ Camara and strengthen his Pretensions and whereas he ought to have entred Goa in mourning after such a Loss he entred that place with all demonstrations of Joy as if Triumphant and had great favour shewn him So fortunate is undeserving Impudence 8. Nevertheless the pretence of sending out this Squadron was made good by two rotten Galleys that afterwards put to Sea from Moca One of them so rotten she sunk as soon as out of the Port the other did as much as might have been expected from a sound Squadron Of such efficacy is the Valour or Fortune of one single Man Such was the More Mir Alibet who now confirmed the great Opinion before conceived of his Abilities for coming before the City Magadano he brought it under the subjection of the Great Turk only by telling the Inhabitants he was but the Forerunner of a great Fleet that came to conquer all the Coast of Melinde At the City Lufiva he took from Rocque de Brito a rich little Ship that had there put itself under the Protection of the King of Lamo who basely betrayed it to the More upon Promise from him of being spared himself which Promise the More after broke The Portugues defended himself bravely but was at last put to the Oar and died at Constantinople 9. The same happened to another Portugues Ship at Pate Alibet had thus framed a Fleet of 20 Pangayo's or small Vessels and daring much brought under the Turkish Subjection the Kings of Ampaza Pate Lamo Mombaca Calife Brava Iugo and other Cities All submitted to the force he gave out followed him whereas he might have been destroyed by any Portugues Vessel for in his Galley there were but 80 Men and she was in such a condition that she sunk in the Port of Maça before she could be carried home without any stress of Weather 10. Iohn Cayado de Gamboa being abroad with some Ships against the Pirats of the North found that Caliche Mahomet had a Ship at Surat which he designed to put out without the Portugueses Leave Gambo lay to keep him in and Mahomet sent him 3000 Ducats underhand to remove which he took and therewith in the Town bought Provisions whereof he stood in need to continue there This done he returned the Money letting the More know He was not a Man that would sell his Honour but returned Thanks for supplying him with Provisions whereof he stood in need to lay wait for his Ship The More was amazed and ashamed to be so slighted and lost his Voyage 11. Some time since Raju Son of the Tyrant Madune of Ceylon had besieged our Fort of Columbo commanded by Emanuel de Sousa Coutinno who defended it with Valour He now again sits down before it Iohn Correa de Brito being Commander But perceiving that his Father Brothers and some principal Subjects were a hindrance to his wicked Designs he murdered them all This was a just Judgment of God for his Father Madune had done the same with his own Father and Brothers but this was no Excuse for Raju's Cruelty Having nothing now to stand in awe of but his Mother-in-Law a venerable Matron who had tenderly bred him as her own he caused her to be stripped before him and sent into Banishment where she died with grief 12. The Tyrant began to turn his Fury upon the Portugueses and they though but few engaged a Body of 4000 of his Men killed 800 of them and their Commander Paliâ—…da on the day of the Invention of the Holy Cross in May which therefore was established an annual Feast in that Place Raju had yet a Nephew that gave him some jealousie he sent for him to a Village where he thâ—… resided The Message was full of Kindness but the young Man well understood the smiles of Tyrants are fatal and that the hour he went to him would be the last of his Life He therefore with a pleasing Countenance entertained the Messengers who had orders to carry him by force if he refused and preparing a Dose of most strong Poison went with it where his Wives Children and Family were After exhorting them to die couragiously he drank first and then offered it to each of them whereof not one refused to bear him Company
our hopes advanced when the Fathers were imprisoned by the Court of Ceremonies for presuming to reside there without presenting themselves before their Tribunal This confinement lasted but three days because the King sent for them Though he sent for them they saw him not yet performed all the usual impertinent Ceremonies to his Throne as if he had been there The Supream President of that Court more particularly examined F. Rivius who he was whence he came and what he and his Companions pretended at Court and he being the most expert in the Chinese Language in most lofty terms answer'd to all those Particulars to the great admiration of the President and all the Auditory 13. The King being informed hereof granted the Fathers leave to live at that Court and all the Courtiers favoured them especially the Ministers of State and Mandarins F. Rivius so far gained the favour of a Calao the Supream Dignity in that Empire that he treated him as his equal a thing never used in that great Place seated him at his Table and gave singular attention to all he said particularly in Matters relating to Religion One of the things that most pleased him was that Christianity allowed not of more Wives than one Thus Rivius contracted Friendship with the President of the Supream Council and soon after most of the Principal Men. 14. Thus with Divine and Royal Assistance the Faith was propagated at Peking Hancheu Nanking and Nancham There were converted Mandarins Lawyers and other Persons of Note some with their whole Families and the Society of Jesus after 20 Years labour in the Year 1601 was possessed of four Residences in China one whereof at Court which was to support all the rest 15. F. Nicholas Longobardo a Sicilian who was Rector at Hancheu suffered very much but some Men of Note especially one Tauli pleading for the Fathers the Storm was somewhat appeased But it broke out more furious at the Instigation of a Witch who there being a great Dearth said the Goddess Quonhin would not give Rain whilst the Fathers were there and F. Nicholas was threatned with Death who desirous to suffer Martyrdom ran to the Place where they were threatning him He finding those People disputing about the Rain told them how vain it was to expect it from any but the God he preached and immediately there fell such abundance as refreshed the Fields and quenched their Thirst after his Blood so that House for that time was restored to its former quiet Let this for the present suffice touching the Conversion of China till we have occasion to speak of it again The End of the First Part. THE PORTUGUES ASIA TOM III. PART II. CHAP. I. The Government of the Viceroy D. Francis de Gama Count de Vidigueyra from the Year 1597 till 1600. DON Francis de Gama Count de Vidigueyra arrived at Goa in May having set out from Lisbon the Year before with five Sail whereof only his Ship Winter'd at Mombaçá He carried himself from the beginning with such State that he gained the general ill Will of all Men notwithstanding in other things he endeavoured to oblige 2. He disposed of all Places in the gift of the Viceroys to his own Creatures who sold them to underserving Persons whereby those who had merited them by their Service were put by their Right Yet afterwards hearing the just Complaints made against this unjust Proceeding he caused the Buyers to be refunded and gave those Places to Men of more worth 3. Manasinza the great Mogol's Favourite marched to subdue the Patanes who were in Rebellion because Catula King of Orixa having plunder'd and profaned a famous Pagod they unexpectedly fell upon him and killed his Son with 2000 Men. Manafinza had with him 35000 Horse 80000 Foot many Elephants with Castles and great quantity of all other warlike Engines At the City Iassalor all the Inhabitants to the number 6000 fell furiously upon the Enemy resolving to die and ordering as soon as they were cut off their Goods Wives and Children should be burnt that the Enemy might not possess their Riches or dishonour their Families They did great Execution at the first onset but were all cut to pieces and there being no time to put in execution their design Manasinza entred Iassalor plundering the Riches and ravishing Women which struck such a Terror into the rest of the Patanes they all submitted themselves Then marching towards the King of Orixa and he not daring to stand a Battel freely offered Subjection 4. In Ceylon the Tyrant D. Iohn King of Candea taking the advantage of time when our General D. Hierome de Azevedo had dispersed his Men to refresh them caus'd the King of Uva and the Princes of Dinavaca to join and take the Field with 4000 Men many Musketeers and armed Elephants With this force they marched towards our Fort of Corvite six Leagues from Ceitavaca where Salvador Pereyra de Silva commanded with 100 Men. Silva by the General 's order chose some of his Men and marched one Night with such a secrecy four Leagues to the Place where the Enemy was Encamped that they sooner felt than heard him killing many of their Men before they could handle their Arms. The Confusion was such they presently fled he pursued them slew above 1000 and carried away some Prisoners Elephants and other Booty 5. In the Summer D. Iohn takes the Field again with the King of Uva and Simon Correa who being in Rebellion called himself King of Ceitavaca He thought to draw our General D. Hierome out of his Works by attacking our Quarters at Mature where D. Ferdinand the Modeliar commanded D. Ferdinand understanding the Enemy was near thought to have performed such another fortunate piece of Service as Salvador Pereyra had done but his Companion Simon Pincham prevented him and after a desperate Fight in which he was almost lost obtained a Victory equal to that of Pereyra and falling upon the Rebels in their Works killed most of them so that the Flower of Candea fell this Day 6. At the end of May died at Columbo the lawful King of the whole Island of Ceylon D. Iohn Parea Pandar a Catholick and without Heirs King Philip was with the usual Solemnity immediately Proclaimed King of the whole Island and the Oath of Fidelity to him taken by all the Principal Men as being appointed Heir by the last Will of the Deceased 7. About this time came first into India the Scourge of the Portugues Pride and Covetousness for in the Month of September News was brought to Goa that the two first Holland Ships which durst cut those Seas had been in the Port of Titangone and were bound for the Island Sunda The Viceroy having held a Council about this Affair it was resolved to fit out a Squadron of two Galleons three Gallies and nine other Vessels and the Command of it was given to Laurence de Brito an ancient and experienced Captain deserving of greater Commands 8. Three Ships arrived
all Men to follow and marched â—…o Leagues afoot that day In three he reached Balane and the King at the sight of him raised the Siege D. Francis relieved the Fort and returned with Glory to his Quarters destroying all the Enemy's Country 8. The Tanadar of Chaul meditating Revenge for the Losses he had sustained by us the last Year hired some Moors Naytia's that lived in Caranja and were free with the Portugueses to kill Baltasar Rabello de Almeyda Commander of that Fort. They guided by Melique Balane entred suddenly when he was at Supper and killed him and a Sister-in-Law of his This done they shut themselves in but the Portugueses forcing the Gates put them all to the Sword Ferdinand de Sampaio Cunna succeeded in the Widow and Command About the middle of April Abascan General of the Enemy led a great Body of them to revenge the Death of the others on Caranja He could not be prevented entring the Town but being in disorder killing and plundering Simon Rangel with 17 Portugueses doing great Execution began to put the Moors to flight whilst Cunna coming on another way with few Men they made a great slaughter This was a warning to the Naytia's not to return to Caranja Afterwards Cunna not satisfied with what he had done ravaged their Country and brought away above 3000 Prisoners He shewed much Generosity when two Moors being brought to him for entring a Place forbid them upon pain of Death he set them at liberty because being asked How they durst come thither without a safe Conduct one of them answered That they had done it relying on the Fame of his Courtesie to ransom certain Kindred of theirs 9. Ruy Freyre de Andrade who cruized on that Coast with a Squadron of small Ships understanding that Nizamaluco since the War broke out at Chaul spread it as far as Salsete and Agacaim he repaired thither In a Village between Caranja and Tana he cut off some Moors that opposed him and put the rest to flight Higher they discovered 500 Moors and an Elephant with a Castle on his Back in which were two Cannons Twelve Soldiers landed a Captain with 80 Horse attacking them was shot dead our Men seeing the Enemy halt stood some time and then George Marino sent to challenge their Leader but he not accepting of it they returned aboard 10. From Tana Freyre sent some Ships to relieve the Town of Agaçaim which being indanger'd by the Moors run a greater hazard through the discord of the Inhabitants They were but 50 Families yet all full of Division and Ruy Freyre could no way reconcile them Every one said he was able to defend all their Houses and all together could not defend one for 2000 Moors soon forced them thence into the Monastery of St. Francis shewing them how great difference there is betwixt saying and doing between Animosity and Discretion Freyre carried the Women and Children to Baçaim and then relieved Manora passing through multitudes of Enemies who expected him ashore and sought resolutely insomuch that one laid hold of the Colours on which was the Picture of the Blessed Virgin carryed by Emanuel Ambrosio the Moor was shot dead He got into the Fort without losing one Man having killed and wounded many and after securing all things there returned to the Mouths of the Rivers of Tana where he behaved himself well 11. The Affairs of Agaçaim grew worse for fresh Troops of Melique resorting thither Ruy Freyre was obliged to return to their assistance At his coming he saw the Enemy was firing Iohn de Caldas his House where he had fortified himself and Iames Rodriguez Caldera a Soldier well known for his Valour was let down by a Rope to quench it as he did Freyre with much difficulty brought off those that were left and carried them to Baçaim There he landed and joining the Commander of the Fort and Men of the Northern and Diu Fleets they pursued a Body of Moors till it was thought fit to retire for fear of an Ambush A few Days after Freyre and the Northern Squadron being gone to convoy a Fleet that lay at Damam for fear of Pirats Andrew Pereyra de Sousa with three Companies was drawn into an Ambush and not a Man of them escaped 12. The Moors at the upper Chaul were drawn into the like snare by D. Emanuel de Azevedo Commander of that Place a Man well skilled in Military Affairs having gained Experience by several Years Service in Ceylon 13. The Necessities of Damam represented by the People and their Commander Nunno Alvarez Pereyra obliged Ruy Freyre to make some stay there The Case was that among other Enemies the King of the Sarcetas who lives in intricate Woods which serve him for defence had sent out Parties of Horse and Foot which destroyed and carried away all they found in the neighbouring Villages Freyre gathering about 200 Men from Damam Maim and Trapor fell upon 600 of the Enemy in their Woods and Works before Day when they were all asleep slew a great number of them and retired with a considerable Booty burning all that could not be carried away Above 700 of the Enemy pursued him but not daring come too near he retired in good Order and got into Damam with Honour 14. D. Henry de Noronna had detached George de Castilo with some small Vessels towards Cape Comori to convoy the Fleet of Turocori There he discovered a Galliot that carried 170 Moors Francis de Soufa Pereyra with his little Ship in which were but 16 Souldiers bore down upon her Castillo sends two more to second him and they discovering some Ships of Bengala leave him to follow them Those of the Galliot seeing our small Vessel forsaken fire their Cannon upon her which killed three of the Men that rowed and the rest leaped into the Sea The Moors board her and all our Men were either killed or taken 15. In May Nunno de Cunna sailed from Goa for Baçaim to succeed Ruy Dias de Sampayo as Admiral of the North Sea his Squadron consisted of 13 Ships in which were 400 chosen Souldiers designed to carry on the War against Melique who was grown strong By the way he had some Encounters not considerable enough to be related and at the City Galiana after entring the Enemies Works taking some Cannon and killing many with the loss of one Man was forced by a Storm to desist from his Design of burning some small Vessels 16. Being at Baçaim he kept the Enemy in great awe notwithstanding they had 400 Horse and as many Foot whereas we had but 30 Horse and 160 Foot Several were killed in Skirmishes this Winter the number of theirs not known on our side 40. On All Saints Day the Enemy came on through a Plain having to distract us made a feint of coming through the Water Their Horse having made Antony Pinto de Fonseca give way were bogged and our Men rallying upon them killed and took some putting the rest
Portugueses and 200 Malabares 6. In nine days time all the Moors were killed or driven out of that great Place It was Peopled again by Strangers and some Malayes to whom leave was granted Among them came that Powerful Native of Iava Utimutiraja whose Son had like to kill Siqueira The Souldiers had three days liberty to plunder There were found 3000 Pieces of great Cannon of 8000 that King Mahomet relied upon being with the rest retired to Bintam where with Prince Alodim he fortified himself This would be of dangerous consequence therefore Albuquerque sent out 400 of his men and with them went 400 of Utimutiraja and 300 belonging to the Merchants of Pegu these put the Prince to flight took seven Elephants with costly Trappings and retired The King now wandred the Woods blaming the obstinacy of his Son and the King of Pam so the Father and Son fell out and parted each shifting for himself Albuquerque instantly built the Fort which he called Famosa for its beauty and Church dedicated to the Visitation of our Lady He Coined Mony as had been done at Goa of several Names and different Value which was proclaimed about the Streets and some scattered among the People By these and other honourable Actions he gained the Hearts of the Strangers and secured this most Important Place 7. Albuquerque though he saw into the Soul of Utimutiraja knowing it sometimes convenient to trust an Enemy gave him the Command of the Moors who remained in the City But he kept private Correspondence with Prince Alodim on pretence to restore him but in reality to the intent to set himself up This was not so private but it was discovered and he his Son and Son-in-law were apprehended and publickly after Conviction executed on the same Scaffold they had erected for Siqueira This was the first piece of Publick Justice executed by the Portugueses in India One Fire is followed by another Pate Quitir a Native of Iava to whom Alfonso gave that Government took a sum of Mony of the Wife of Utimutiraja whom he had succeeded and a promise to give him her Daughter upon condition he would revenge the death of her Husband on the Portugueses to whom she had offered 100000 Ducats for his Life Pate accepted the Offer with the same intention of seizing the City The King of Campar also having this design sent to Congratulate with Albuquerque offering his Service and asking the Command of Pate Quitir But this had no effect now in its time it shall be related Albuquerque received here several Embassies particularly from the King of Siam who rejoyced to see his Quarrel revenged though by another hand He also sent Embassadors to Siam to Pegu and two to discover the Islands of Maluco and Banda They had all Orders to publish every where what had hapned at Malaca and offer the Trade of that Place on better terms than it was before All things being ordered the best the time would permit he resolved to return to Cochin leaving Ruy de Brito Patalim to Command in the Fort with above 300 men The like number to guard the Sea in ten Ships under Fernando Perez de Andrade Albuquerque carried with himself four Sail. 8. Whilst this passed at Malaca there broke out a Rebellion of many of the Natives at Goa and Pulate Cam an Officer of Hidalcam appeared before it with a good Body of Men he passed over into the Island and besieged the City One of the Principal Exploits was a Sally made by our Commander Rodrigo Rebelo in which was done much execution But soon after he was killed and with him Manuel de Cunna so that things were in a bad posture To remedy this by Publick Consent Iames Mendez de Vasconcellos was chose Commander 9. Pulate Cam gave some jealousie that he designed to usurp this Territory to prevent which Hidalcam sent his Brother-in-law Rotzmo Cam who overcame him with the assistance of Iames Mendez whom he drew to his Aid and after would drive out of the City finding himself with a power of 7000 men there being then not above 1200 in the Town whereof the third part only were Portugueses He laid siege and Hunger began to press within and some of our men deserted whereof part repenting returned which gave the first hopes to the Besieged 10. Next came Emanuel de la Cerda left to cruize upon that Sea and had wintered at Cochin then Iames Fernandez de Beja who had been demolishing the Fort at Zocotora and receiving the Tribute at Ormuz The abundance of Provisions and Recruits of Men they brought gave new life to the almost dismayed besieged After these arrived Iohn Serram who came from Portugal the year before with Payo de Sa in order to settle some Trade in the Island Madagascar where they made several attempts to no effect Christopher de Brito who was at Cananor with one great and four smaller Ships hearing of the condition of Goa went thither carrying many Men and much Provision and secured the Town which had suffered much that Winter CHAP. VII Conquests in India under King Emanuel from the Year 1511 till the Year 1513 Alfonso de Albuquerque still Governing 1. ALbuquerque sailing from Malaca to Cochin off Cape Timia of the Kingdom Aru in the Island Sumatra his Ship set upon a Rock which so split it athwart the Keel that those in the Poop could not come at them in the Forecastle and the contrary neither could the other Vessels by reason of the darkness of the Night come to relieve them Till day appearing Albuquerque was seen holding in his Arms a Girl Chance had conducted to him in the Confusion Peter de Alpoem coming up though with much danger saved him The loss he most lamented was that Bone which hindred the wounded Moor from bleeding and some Iron Lions of curious Work which he had designed for Supporters to his Tomb. Some men were lost Albuquerque went into Alpoem's Ship and prosecuting his Voyage took two Ships of Moors which though Rich made not amends for his great loss Immediately upon his arrival at Cochin being informed of the distress of Goa he dispatched thither eight Vessels with Men and Provisions and a Promise of his speedy coming in Person There were then in the Town 1000 men and the Besiegers were 20000 strong 2. Six Ships arrived in India from Portugal Commanded by Don Garcia de Noronha who had a tedious Voyage having spent a whole year without touching in any Port And though the men were tired and sick yet they relieved some places The mean while sailed from Portugal to India a Fleet of 13 Ships whereof one perished at the Islands of Angoxa 3. This Fleet containing 1800 men anchored at the Bar of Goa on the 15th of August They presently visited the Enemy in their Fort of Benastarim and then Don Garcia and George de Melo with their Squadrons passed on carrying with them Iohn Machado and others newly delivered from the slavery of
want of them in Portugal and he trusted those that remained were sufficient for the work he had in hand So the Ships set sail 11. Hitherto the Portugueses did much more harm than they received having killed many of the Enemy and among them some of Note and lost no number nor any person considerable only some were dangerously wounded D. Francis de Sylva being wounded with a Cannon Ball so that his Guts hung out continued encouraging his Men holding them up with his hand Peter Homem de Silva losing much Blood at three Musket Shots he had received and being perswaded to go off said It could be no matter of moment since he felt it not Our Vessels did good Service and the Enemies were not idle carrying their men from one place to another Our men had the boldness often to land and attack the Enemy in their Posts and still brought away Prisoners the heads of those they killed Colours and Arms. D. George de Meneses Barroche in his Vessels and D. Peter de Castro by Land with 200 Portugueses made such a slaughter that the Viceroy to animate the City and show them what was done abroad sent them two Carts loaded with Heads Gaspar Diaz and his Brother Lancelot running up the Country one night a League and half with 80 men burnt two Villages and many Farm Houses and brought away many Prisoners heads of the â—…in and of Cattle 12 Another time these two Brothers with 130 men attack the Quarters of Cogergan and Rumergan and making a great havock destroyed all they had provided in order to pass over into the Island of Iohn Lopez In this Action Francis de Cunna Coutino Servant to the Viceroy going alone before the rest came so close up to 500 Mores that he threw two Granadoes among them which did some execution and retired without hurt The Enemy admired the smallness of our number and greatness of our Actions but was more surprized when he heard that in the heat of all this fury the Viceroy had order'd D. Iames de Meneses who came from the Coast of Malabar with his Squadron to return thither and D. Ferdinand de Vasconcelos to go with four Gallies and two small Vessels to destroy the City Dabul to show Hidalcan whose it was how little account he made of all his Power D. Ferdinand burnt there two great Ships of Meca and many small Vessels then landing fired some Villages and had done the same to the City had not his own Captains opposed it 13. He returned to Goa and attacking the Quarters of Angoscan a principal Man among the Enemy three Miles distant from the Viceroy entred them with great slaughter But his Men with the success falling into Disorder the Enemy rallied and fell upon them killing some the rest fled leaving their Captain who weakned with loss of Blood and tired with the weight of his Arms could not get into a Boat but fought in the Water till he fell down dead His Ensign Augustin Fernandez died honourably with his Colours in the left hand which he bravely defended with the right Forty were killed their Heads with the Colours were carried to Hidalcan The Viceroy immediately sent Barroche with 100 Men more to burn D. Ferdinand's Vessel taken by the Enemy which he performed bringing away the Cannon that was left in it by the Enemy believing no Body durst come where it lay CHAP. VIII Continues the Siege of Goa and Government of D. Luis de Ataide 1. AT this time Zamori made Proposals of Peace to the Viceroy either to amuse him while he went upon other designs pursuant to the Articles of the League or else hoping to gain some advantage in that pressing Conjuncture The Viceroy gave him to understand he would not yield the least point for fear and continued firm in this resolution notwithstanding Hidalcan had prevailed with the Queen of Guarcopa to declare War at Onor That Prince was astonished to see him send relief thither when he thought there was not force to supply Goa The Viceroy at this time also relieved Marramaque at the Malucos and Francis Barreto at Mocambique 2. The grand design of Hidalcan was to get over into the Island in order to it his General Norican began to lay a Bridge over the River with a vast number of Workmen The Viceroy falling upon them made a great havock There was a Report that Hidalcan designed to pass over to the Island in Person and carnestly desired a fine Horse the Viceroy had for which he had before offered a great Sum of Mony The Viceroy sent it him for a present assuring nothing should be more pleasing than to see him come over to Goa Hidalcan accepted of the Horse and caused him to lie upon silk Quilts under Canopies of Cloath of Gold to be covered with embroidered Dammask and his Trappings to be adorned with massy Gold and his Provender was mixed with Preserves and other Dainties The Horse enjoyed it not long being killed by a Cannon-Ball At this time such a violent Storm of Rain fell that most Posts were abandoned the Viceroy desired to take a Standard that was left in one a French Gunner with only one Man went over in a Boat to fetch it and were both killed 3. It was now the beginning of March and the Siege had lasted two Months without abating any thing of the Fury Many of our Buildings were ruined by the Enemies Cannon many of them killed by ours Antony Cabral run up the River Chapora with four Vessels and landing fifty Men burnt four Villages and above fifty Sail bringing away some Booty D. Paul de Lima with forty Men did as much at Rachol The Viceroy laying hold of a Rope at the Pass of Benastarim to draw a Cannon others refusing for fear of the many Bullets that flew one hit him upon the Arm and only pierced the sleeve without doing him any harm Afterwards being in the Church of Santiago the Roof of it was beat down and hung over his head Emanuel de Sousa Coutinno stepped up to save him by receiving the Blow but he acknowledging the Kindness reproved the Action 4. The Viceroy used all possible means to have Intelligence from the Enemies Camp He bribed some Renagado Portugueses that served there but what is more he corrupted Hidalcan's most beloved Wife and by her means knew the King's secret Thoughts which he could not conceal from her 5. Hidalcan now began to consider the damage done by so few Men to so numerous an Army that now the Portugueses increased in strength by the arrival of several Squadrons that had been abroad among which Iames de Meneses returned victorious from Achem and Luis de Melo de Silva from Malabar He desired Peace but was loath to propose it The Viceroy who knew his Thoughts ordered it so that a Treaty was in a manner set on foot so that no body could discern who was the Author of it Yet at length Hidalcan stooped to make the
Horse and about 400 Blacks Hearing the Enemy was lodged in the Village Baylam two Leagues up the Country he resolved to surprize him at Noon when they use to Bathe Half a League from the place he halted to Rest the Men and the Enemy having Intelligence thereof came on with such diligence and secrecy that they had put them to the Sword had not Ferdinand de Silva who led the Van with much Bravery given a check to their Fury Antony de Sotomayor relieved him already wounded in the Leg was himself wounded and lost some Men but did great Execution This gave Tavora time to make ready whose furious coming up made great havock Our Men turning Back to Back and facing the Enemy round did Wonders Ruy Lorenço with his Horse ranging about did them great harm till falling on their Flank many were slain the rest fled without hopes 4. Next he resolved to take a Great Ship of Bramaluco's that was newly finished in the Dock of Agaçaim He marched thither by Land and D. Luis de Ataide went by Water The latter by force of Arms made his way to the City at such time as the other was reducing it to Ruins breaking through a Multitude of Enemies who endeavoured to stop his Fury each of them lost six Men. D. Luis Landed and both together cleared the Field unpeopled the City and then set Fire to it The Ship was carried to the Port of Baçaim and for many years Traded to Lisbon Bramaluco sued for Peace and he being a suspected Subject of Cambaya our Governour treated with that King and by this means secured the former Peace and obtained a Grant of half the Customs whereof only the Third part was offered before 5. Let us now return to the Fleet in which the Governour was to sail His great Liberality brought him more Men than he desired whereof he chose the best The Fleet consisted of 80 Sail of sundry sorts and sizes and carried two Thousand Men. 6. While this Fleet was fitting the King of Achem falling upon the King of the Bataas unexpectedly made a great slaughter of his People killing among the rest three Sons he rather adored than loved The King desirous of Revenge sent his Brother-in-Law Embassadour to Peter de Faria then Commanding at Malaca The Embassy was to confirm the Peace before concluded and desire assistance of Arms and Ammunition and the better to obtain it sent him a rich Present and offered a free Trade in his Dominions which abound in Gold Pepper Benjamin and Camphir Faria who was intent upon Profit as well as his King's Service plentifully supplied him with Arms and Ammunition offering his utmost assistance and entertaining the Embassadour with splendour The King of Bataa attacked his Enemy with Resolution but was beaten after having almost gained the Victory and retired with great Grief to his City Panaaju Here he dispatched Pinto sent thither by Faria to Trade who narrowly escaped being lost in the River Parles of the Kingdom of Queda by reason of the Revolution had then hapned in the City of that Name the Court of that Prince who had murdered his Father and married his own Mother The first he denyed and pretended he had done the latter in Honour to her having refused many considerable Matches Pinto brought News of the Island del Oro or of Gold the great motive of his Voyage 7. But now our Governour enters the Red Sea with his Fleet. He found most of the Islands and Cities abandoned the People having had notice of his coming The chief Island was Maçua The principal City Suanquem in about 19 Degrees of North Latitude well built and rich The King who was fled a League up the Country entertained the Governour with shews of Peace that he might not destroy the Island But the greatest damage was that hereby he prevented the burning the Ships at Suez gaining so much time as carried thither the News of this Design The Governour in Revenge marched with his Brother D. Christopher and 1000 Men made a great slaughter was Master of the Field and took a great Booty Then turning to the City it was plundered and private Men got four or five thousand Ducats each then it was burnt to the ground The Waters being shoal the Governour resolved to go over to Alcoçer and other places with only sixteen Catures or Barges the rest of the Fleet he sent to Maçua under the Command of Lionel de Lima. There was a great dispute about who should go with D. Stephen and he had much difficulty to compose it They set out of the Bay for this Reason called De los Agraviados or Of the Offended Many Gentlemen went in the Barges as private Souldiers accepting any place so they were admitted such was their desire to be in this Action The number of Men was Two hundred and fifty At Alconçer which is in the Latitude of 25 Degrees they did the same as had been done before at Suanquem Crossing over to Tor or Toro they took some Vessels of the Enemy The Turks at first opposed the Landing but some being slain fled and abandoned the City in which nothing of Value was found The Governour would not burn it in reverence of St. Catharine and a Monastery found there with Religious Men under her Invocation which at their Instance he visited To his great glory he was the first European Commander that took that City where he Knighted several who held this Honour done them there in great esteem and it was afterwards envied by the Great Emperour Charles the Fifth as shall appear in its place Our People and those Religious testified great Regret at parting They are of the Greek Church and of the Order of St. Basil. The City is in the Latitude of 28 Degrees and is thought by Learned Geographers to be the ancient Elana 8. The Governour went over to Suez and after many brave Attempts made by several to sound and view the Harbour which all failed he resolved in Person and in open Day to discover the Gallies He saw them and desiring to do something considerable Landed the Enemies Shot flew from the Town and 2000 Turkish Horse broke out of an Ambush some few whereof were killed by our Canon but our Men obliged to Retire much grieved that this Voyage was disappointed The Governour returned to his Fleet at Maçua where he found the Severity of Emanuel de Gama had caused a Mutiny which gave occasion to 80 Men to run away with a Ship designing to go over to Ethiopia They were met by a Captain of the King of Zeila and after a vigorous Resistance most of them killed On a Gallows hung five whom Gama had Executed for concealing the design of the other 80 they at Execution summoned him to answer before the great Tribunal and he within a Month run Mad and died CHAP. IV. Goes on with the Government of D. Stephen de Gama 1. AT this time Grada Hamed King of the Country called
of them D. Alvaro the Governours Son sent with Supplies seemed to sail in opposition to the Seas and Winds through Storms almost incredible Yet they all arrived at Baçaim and Antony Moniz Barreto with 8 Gentlemen got first into Diu who though so few by their Bravery were no small comfort to the besieged One of these called Michael Darnide a Man of prodigious Strength Barreto refusing to take him into his Boat leaped into the Water with his Musquet in his Mouth and swam after him so he was obliged to take him up 6. Next came Luis de Melo Mendoça with nine Men then D. George and D. Duarte de Meneses with seventeen after them D. Antony de Ataide and Francis Guillerme with fifty each and lastly Ruy Freyre Factor of Chaul with Twenty four All together fell upon the Enemy then possessed of some of our Works and among them the Bastion Santiago The Dispute was hot yet the Enemy set up their Colours on the Walls Antony Moniz Barreto made good his Post with only two Souldiers and was going to quench his Flames in the Water but one of the two who was in the same condition detained him and both did things worthy admiration Antony Correa sallied out with Twenty Men to discover the Enemy and saw Twelve Moors sitting about a Fire he exhorted his Men to fall upon them but they seeing him go on fled however he went on thinking to take one that might give Intelligence He fell on and behaved himself bravely yet he was taken and carried to Rumecan who Examined him about the posture the Fort was in which being then very miserable he represented so powerful as drove him into despair and moved him to cause the unfortunate Prisoner to be dragged through the Streets and his Head cut off which was set upon a Pole next day in sight of the Fort. 7. The Enemy had now lost Five thousand Men the Besieged Two hundred and had not so many more left and not above half them able to do Duty when D. Alvaro arrives with the Supplies which consisted of Four hundred Men and a sufficient quantity of Ammunition having by the way taken a Ship of Cambaya richly laden The Joy of this Relief was soon allayed for the Souldiers that came with D. Alvaro fearing the Mines proposed to meet the Enemy in open Field But the Governour prudently refusing they broke out into open Mutiny in contempt of all Military Discipline scarce known or at least not respected by the Portugues Nation D. Iohn seeing himself in danger of perishing in the Fort by his own Men chose rather to dye in the Field among the Enemies He sallied with almost Five hundred Men in three Bodies At one heat they gained the Enemies advanced Post forcing them to retire to their Works Those who insolently forced their Commander to this Extravagancy stood heartless at the Foot of the Trenches seeing others mount who had said less D. Iohn seeing them in this posture cried out Whether it was thus they had promised to fight Where was now that Boldness that obliged him to come into the Field Where the Threats that they would fight the Enemy without him Behold your Commander you accused of Cowardize calls you to the danger And who is there follows me of those that would have led me hither Within the Walls you were fierce and now in the Field timorous Your Courage suits with your Tongues for those who said much always acted little They ashamed to be thus justly upbraided took Heart and mounted The whole Army came down upon them and the Portugueses having done wonders were forced to retire in disorder This was the time the Enemy had possessed himself of the Fort had not Mascarenas with his Prudence and Valour prevented Mojatecan who with Five thousand attempted to enter and was valiantly opposed by Luis de Sousa in St. Thomas's Bulwark Threescore Men were lost in this Action D. Alvaro de Castro was mortally Wounded in the Head This was the fruit of that insolent Disobedience 8. The Moors had taken the Cannon of the Bastion Santiago when Vasco de Cuna and Luis de Almeyda brought a fresh Relief The latter immediately went out with Payo Rodriguez and Peter Alfonso in three Caravels and as soon returned with two great Ships of Meca and some other Vessels whose Loading was worth Fifty thousand Ducats At the Yard-Arms hung many Moors whose Heads were then cut off as was the Captains who was a Janizary and offered Three thousand Ducats for his Ransom CHAP. III. Continues the Siege of Diu the Governour D. John de Castro comes in Person to its Relief 1. NOw begins the Month of November and the Siege had lasted eight Months when the Governour D. Iohn de Castro covers the Sea with a great Fleet of all sorts of Vessels for the Relief of Diu. All Goa admired the Constancy wherewith he received the News of the Death of his Son D. Fernando for though he highly resented it he dissembled his Grief and dressing himself gayer than ordinary went in Procession to give God Thanks That Diu was still in the possession of the Portugueses and then went to a publick Feast which is an Imitation of a Fight wherein they use Canes instead of Lances 2. The Fleet consisted of above Ninety Sail besides three of the Ships that then came from Portugal and several Gentlemen that came in them went in other Vessels 3. The Governour being come to Baçaim waited the coming up of the Vessels that were scattered and the mean while sent D. Emanuel de Lima to scour the Coast. On the Coast of Damam he took several Ships and cutting the Moors that were in them in pieces threw them into the Mouths of the Rivers that the Tide carrying them up they might strike a Terrour in all that Coast. Entring the River of Suratt after a vigorous Resistance made he destroyed all that belonged to the Town called Of the Ethiopians The same was done at the City Ansote not far distant without sparing Beauty the finest Women of the Bramens and Baneans being slaughtered So in other Neighbouring Towns and then D. Emanuel withdrew leaving an Universal Terrour all along that Shoar 4. The Fleet appearing in the Sea of Diu the Enemy stood amazed though they had just then received a supply of Five thousand fresh Men sent by the King The Governour went privately into the Fort and afterwards Landed his Men. He proposed in Council Whether it was fit presently to march out and fight the Enemy The Question was debated till the Experienced Garcia de Sa put an end to it saying They â—…ught to fight They marched in this order D. Iohn Mascarenas Commander of the Fort led the Van consisting of Five hundred Men D. Alvaro led as many Don Emanuel de Lima the like number The Governour led the rest which were One thousand and a Body of Indians Among the Men were some Portugues Women in mens Cloaths to assist the
War 5. The City Rachol was naturally almost impregnable seated on a high Mountain fortified with several Walls and large and deep Ditches strong Towers stored with Artillery and all other Defence garrisoned by four hundred Horse eight thousand Foot and twenty Elephants with Provision and Ammunition enough to tire the most patient Besiegers Chrisnarao encamped about it and gave many Assaults to no effect for the space of three months when Hidalcan came to the Relief with eighteen thousand Horse one hundred and twenty thousand Foot one hundred and fifty Elephants and much great Cannon After many Preludes these two Princes came to a Battel wherein at first Chrisnarao received great damage but recovering himself made such havock among Hidalcan's Men that only those escaped the Sword or Captivity who at last moved pity in the very Enemy The principal Booty consisted of four thousand Horses one hundred Elephants four hundred great Cannon besides the small and other Riches Here died valiantly forty Portugueses who were in the service of Hidalcan who saved himself by flight As Chrisnarao returned in a rage against the City there came to his Camp Christopher de Figueredo with twenty Portugueses who brought some Arabian Horses to sell to the King They discoursed about the Siege and he asked leave to view the place which was granted He gave two Assaults and being backed in the second by Crisnarao the Town was enter'd Crisnarao was puffed with this Victory when Hidalcan's Officers came to beg the Booty taken in the former He answered It should be restored if Hidalcan came to kiss his Foot as supreme Lord of the Empire of Canara The base Condition was accepted but the execution prevented by several Accidents Ruy de Melo who commanded at Goa laying hold of this opportunity possessed himself of the neighbouring part of the Continent with only two hundred and fifty Horse and eight hundred Canara Foot 6. About this time Lope de Brito had succeeded Iohn de Silveyra in the Command of the Fort in Ceylon and carried with him four hundred Soldiers and many Workmen wherewith he made the Fort so strong that it raised a Jealousie in the People of Columbo who at the instigation of the Moors refused to trade with him Brito sent them some Threats which brought on him twenty thousand Men who besieged him five months during which time the besieged suffered great Hardships till Anthony de Lemos arrived with fifty Men with this small relief they ventured to fall upon that multitude and putting all to the rout the place was restored to its former quiet 7. The season being fit to sail which in those parts is very uncertain Iames Lopez set out from Ormuz and went to meet George de Albuquerque at Calayate where he found one Ship arrived from Lisbon of nine that sailed thence together all the others afterwards came safe One of these Ships sailing before the Wind beyond the Cape of Good Hope stopped all of a sudden the Sails tho full giving her no motion The Cause being examined into it appeared that a great Sea-Monster bore the Vessel upon its back the Tail about the Rudder and Head up with the Boltsprit casting up Streams of Water It was removed by Exorcisms no human means being thought sufficient The Sailers said it was the Fish called Sambrero or Hat-Fish because the Head resembles it and such a one tho less had been seen on the Coast of Portugal doing great harm about Atouguia The King ordered the Governor to build Forts in Maluco Sumatra Maldivia Chaul and Diu. Iames Lopez resolved to attempt the last first To that effect he treated with Melique Az but was put off with delays and he dissembling sailed for Cochin to provide for his return thither in order to gain by Force what the Moor endeavoured to put off by Art 8. He dispatched the homeward bound trading Ships under the Command of Antony de Saldana Being eased of this Care he applyed himself to that of the Attempt upon Diu. In order thereunto he gathered the greatest Fleet of ours that had been seen on those Seas consisting of forty eight Vessels of all sorts and Qualities and in them three thousand Portugueses and eight hundred Malabars and Canaras A great Power lamentably disappointed as will appear in the Sequel 9. On the ninth of February Iames Lopez appeared with all his pomp before Diu Melique Az was then absent being gone to the King of Cambaya to prevent him granting the leave he persuaded us to ask for building the Fort. And being suspicious this preparation was made against him had fortified and intrenched the City in wonderful manner He had left in it against all Accidents his Son Melique Saca and three stout Commanders with a strong Garrison Our Governor having observed the Difficulties had it debated in Council what was fittest to be done and all agreeing the City should not be assaulted they all afterwards accused him because it was not done And tho they allowed his Prudence in private yet in publick accused him of Cowardise but his Valour was well known Besides they laid several Imputations upon him so that the innocent Sequeyra suffered for their Crime having acted nothing with that great Power but only lost much Reputation A misfortune if it be lawful to say so well deserved by Princes who wink at such Crimes and do not punish Faults committed through malice Iames Lopez went to winter at Ormuz some of the Captains to several Markets and D. Alexius de Meneses with the rest of the Fleet retired to Cochin with power from the Governor to act as should be expedient in those parts 10. D. Alexius at his arrival at Cochin dispatched the trading Ships for Portugal and others appointed for several places But their chief Business being Merchandise their Names are more proper for the Custom-House-Books But because some of them were at Sumatra it will be fit to give some short account of that Island CHAP. V. A Continuation of the Government of James Lopez de Sequeyra the Year 1521 and Reign of King Emanuel 1. THE Island Sumatra lying North-West and South-East is in length two hundred and twenty Leagues its greatest Breadth being but seventy the Equinoctial Line cuts it into two equal parts It is divided from Malaca by a narrow Channel by a less its most Southern Point is parted from Iaâ—… which is above one hundred Leagues in length and but twelve in breadth East of it lies Borneo cut by the Equinoctial so that two Thirds are on the North-Side the Line Sumatra is plain about the Coast the inland mountainous watered by great Rivers covered with vast Woods so condensed with Fogs that all the Force the Sun has there cannot pierce them For this reason it is very unhealthy yet resorted to for its Riches and chiefly plenty of Gold There is in it a Spring of Oil a burning Mountain like Aetna in Sicily it produces white Sandal Benjamin Camphire Pepper Ginger Cinnamon abundance
Article against him was his unjust Proceeding with Peter de Mascarenas The Duke of Braganca pityng the Misfortunes of this brave Gentleman prevailed with the King to give him a hearing in Council Accordingly his Majesty being seated in Council with all his Judges about him Lope Vaz was brought in venerable for his person his Face covered with a thick and longe white Beard and with such tokens of the Miseries he had endured in almost three years imprisonment reckoning from India that had Peter Mascarenas or any of his Enemies seen him they might think themselves sufficiently revenged of all the Extravagancies he had been guilty of towards them Being placed at the Bar as a Criminal after the King's leave obtained he with an undaunted Constancy made a learned comprehensive and copious Speech In which after running over his Forefathers Services to the Crown he particularized his own from his infancy till that time reflected upon his Sufferings and Wrong done him since Imprisoned and in general to several other brave Governors his Predecessors exposed the Malice of his Accusers justified his own Proceedings illustrated by Examples how others guilty of greater Crimes than he was accused of were pardoned in respect of their Services then made a parallel between them and his Sufferings and concluded throwing himself upon either his Majesties Justice or Mercy from one of which he hoped such a Discharge that he might have more cause to return thanks for the future than he had till then to lament his hard Usage The King having heared with attention examined him upon every Article of his Impeachment and he answered to each The Articles were in all forty three the principal as was said such as related to Peter Mascarenas the others such as would never have been thought of had not those brought them in to fill up the number In fine he was carried back to the Castle whence he sent his Defence as is usual in such Cases and in conclusion was sentenced to lose all his Allowance as Governor and to pay to Peter Mascarenas ten thousand Ducats which confirmed the latter not him to have been the real Governor and justified those who had obeyed them as such He was also banished into Africk But he resenting this hard Fortune resolved to change his Country and his Prince as the famous Ferdinand Magallanes had done before And getting into Spain he unnaturalized himself and from Badajoz writ a Letter to the King affirming his usage had been highly unjust and that he was resolved to try whether changing his Country he could change Fortune and restore his Honor This had such effect that he was restored to his Country Alfonso Mexia being likewise brought prisoner to Portugal had the same success he was also accused of Crimes committed at Ormuz the Commander of which Fort Iames de Melo was under the same Circumstances Let us now return to India 3. Iames Silveyra on the Coast of Calicut carried so heavy a Hand upon those People that their King was obliged to send Embassadors to Nuno de Cuna desiring Peace He granted upon such Conditions as they deserved who had never kept any They were willing to accept part but rejected the rest so Silveyra reduced them to extreme Famine hindering the Importation of Provisions They received some Relief from Cananor and Simon de Sousa being forced upon that Shoar after valiantly repulsing the Moors his Powder took fire and blew up the Brigantine 4. Melique Saca being expelled Diu found it convenient for the compassing his Ends with the King of Cambaya to use those Artifices with Nuno de â—…una he had done with Hector de Silveyra when he offered to deliver up that City to him He writ to Nuno that tho he could not deliver Diu at least he could assist him in the taking of it to this end it was convenient they should have a meeting and in order thereunto he might send him a Pass and Ships for himself and Retinue commanded by Gaspar Paez whom he had known at Diu. The Governor granted all and he made use of it to be restored to the King of Cambaya's Favour receiving and putting off Gaspar Paez with Subleties and Impudence pretending the Pass was not securely worded and the Ships were too few Paez told him he had by the way with those Vessels taken a great Ship and put to flight fourteen Barques in the River Pormeane and that he might go with all safety But no Reason is of force against Craft and Falshood 5. Gaspar Paez would have taken some Revenge but could only burn nine Barques The Governor enraged hereat suddenly began to make such Preparations against Diu as should not easily be disappointed He had not yet seen the King of Cochin who was sick of the Small Pox. Nuno being less fearful of the Infection than the King who sent him word That he did not desire to see him for fear he might catch the Disease tho he believed his fight would cure him Nuno went to visit him and it was much he was received for those Princes suffer not themselves to be seen in any Sickness The whole Conference contained nothing but Complaints of Injuries done by Lope Vaz and Alfonso Mexia Nuno left him well satisfied with his Courtesie so that he began to look upon himself as a King having till then been treated as a Slave and found himself better in health 6. It was requisite Nuno de Cuna should now go to Goa At Chale he visited the King and gave him content About Mid February he came to Cananor and saw that King whom he much obliged by conforming to his own Ceremonies at the Interview This Prince offered him some Jewels which he fearing to affront him received but delivered to the Officers of the Revenue as belonging to the King 7. He ordered Iames de Silveyra to punish a rich Merchant of Mangalor who did great wrong to the Portugueses He scoured the Rivers along that Coast with sixteen Ships and four hundred and fifty Men. Then entered the River Mangalor on whose Banks is the Town of that Name belonging to the King of Narsinga our Friend but that Merchant favoured Calicut our Enemy This Merchant knowing the Design was against him was well fortified Iames Silveyra chose the lesser Vessels with two hundred and forty Men to go up the River who were met by a great Squadron which after some contest was put to flight The Town was immediately entred all the Defendants quitting it Iames Silveyra then turned to the Fort and after some resistance took it The Merchant fled in despair but was overtaken and killed by a Musquet Ball. Those who fled sought refuge in the River and our Swords there made it run bloody Nothing was taken but some Cannon for Booty being very great the Captain caused it all to be burnt lest he might endanger his Ships by over-loading them There were also burnt thirteen Vessels that waited for loading Winter coming on he thought so
Slaves being asked by Cunnale Whether any of them would fight one of his Men Answered He would challenge any two Cunnale replied If he would turn Mahometan he should have great Favours bestowed upon him and several times endeavoured to prevail by kindnesses and then again by Threats but all to no effect for Oliveyra declared He would rather Die than forsake the Faith and accordingly had his Head cut off upon the Shore and gained a Crown of Martyrdom 23. The King of Melinde always most faithful to us since our first Discoveries in Afia advertised the Viceroy how prejudicial to our Affairs what Mir Alibet had done with the Gallâ—… of Mâ—…ca would prove And 〈◊〉 this was a great â—…ep towards the 〈◊〉 â—…sign of possessing himself of the Mines 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Cuoâ—… the King of 〈◊〉 having given 〈◊〉 leave to raise a Fort â—…re The Viceroy hereupon consâ—…ted the Men of most Experience in those Aâ—…ts the Resolution was That a confiderable Fleet must be sent to stop their further Progress Eighteen Saiâ—… were fitted out and the Command of them given to Martin Alfonso de Melo Pombeyro 24. They came to an Anchor in the Port of 〈◊〉 becaâ—…e that being the first place that offended it was thought â—…it to punish it first as also because that King relying on his Fortifications and 4000 Armed Men had executed Iohn Rabelo for not renouncing the Christian Faith Our Men assaulted the Town in two Bodies the first met great opposition and slew the King then making their way both Parties entred the Town sparing neither Women nor Children The Town and Vessels in the Port were burnt whilst the Woods were cut down Ten days were spent in destroying all with the loss of only four Men on our part 25. The King of Pate seeing this Ruin submitted he of Lusiva fled to the Mountains and our Admiral gave this Kingdom to a Matron who had been deposed by him that fled and came now to plead her Right The King of Mombaca at first made shew as if he would oppose us having got together 7000 Men but afterwards fled out of the Island and from the top of a Mountain beheld the Flames that consumed his City Our Admiral set sail for Ormâ—…z according to his Orders and sent to advertise the King of what he had done and by the way saved a Ship of the former Fleet that was just sinking The Admiral died at Ormuz and another went to raise the Fort at Maâ—…eate who finished it 26. The Commander of Moçambique D. George de Meneses was not idle but still imployed against the Mores who endeavoured to settle themselves in the Trade of those parts of the Island Madagascar that lay opposite to him Many of ours were slain and among them F. Iohn of St. Thomas a Dominican who preached the Faith to those Infidels CHAP. V. Continues the Government of D. Duarte de Meneses 1. THE King of Ujantana took many of our Ships and hindred the carrying of Provisions to Malaca insomuch that Famine raged there to such a degree that 100 died in one day and Mothers cast away their Children for want of Food The Manaâ—…cabo's a Neighbouring People contributed much to this Misery destroying what grew about the Town and hindred the Country People from bringing in any Supplies 2. Iames de Azambujâ—… lately come from the Molucos marched against them with 100 Portuguâ—… and 600 Malâ—…yes whereof 400 were Musqueteers With great labour they came to the Town of Nam where they met 2000 of the Enemy D. Emanuel de Almada charged them with half our Men and driving them out of the Field pursued them into their Works which he cleared with grâ—…t slaughter Thence our Men proceeded to Bombo where the King of Ior had a Fort which the Commander forsook and the Inhabitants submitted pleading they had no hand in what was done to our prejudice 3. The King of Acâ—… seeing Malaâ—… distressed had provided a Fleet of 300 Sail to fall upon it and was ready to set out when his General Moratiza who had long since designed to usurp that Crown murdered him the Queen and Chief of the Nobility and stayed at home to secure his usurped Kingdom which was the saving of Malaca But Rajale setting Sail from his Port of Ior entred the River of Malaca with 120 Vessels in which were 6000 Men. Iohn de Silva who commanded in the Town and D. Antony de Noronna at Sea both applied themselves with all diligence to the Preservation of that place 4. The Enemy attempting to Land in two Places were drove back to their Ships with great loss and many of them drowned our Ships with their Cannon sunk two of theirs and did good Execution In the Church of the Capâ—… is said to have been seen a Friar driving out the Enemies who not appearing afterwards was suppos'd to be St. Francis The Commander stood at the Gate buying the Heads of the Enemies at 20 Crowns each 5. D. Hierome de Azevedo cruising about Romania took and sunk some Ships which proved some ease to Malaca The City of Cochim sent thither plentiful and speedy relief Iohn de Silva the Commander whether through any other Accident or Grief of the Miseries he saw there is not known ran mad The Bishop took upon him the Government Baçaim Chaul and Goa sent the Vice-Roy Money to relieve this City the latter desiring that D. Paul de Lima might command the Squadron to be sent thither and Malaca having desired the same the Vice-Roy consented to it 6. D. Paul de Lima set Sail with 500 Men in two Galleys three Galleons four Galliots and seven other Vessels In their way to Malaca they suffered much for want of Water and got some though with danger on the Shores of Achem where they took some Ships killed many Men and made several Prisoners but particularly Rajale's Ambassador who was there to incite that our professed Enemy to join with him against us 7. Before D. Paul could come up some of his Ships joined those commanded by D. Antony de Noronna before Iâ—…r The Enemies Fleet attacked them and at the first Charge of our Cannon fled again two of them were takâ—… D. Antony seeking to-gather his Squadron found his Men battering the Fort of Curiâ—… â—…ed above the Water with Thirty Pieces of Câ—… and Two hundred many of the Defendants were slain the rest fled Antony de Andria landing brought off the Cannon leaving the Fort in a Flame Then they firâ—… some Shipping and the Suburbs and râ—…tired to their Ships with much Booty and many Prisoners 8. This Success made D. Antony de Noronna believe it was easie to take the City if he assaulted it in the Morning Ambitious of gaining this Honour and contrary to the Opinion of the Captains he Assaults the City with only 200 Men knowing there were 12000 within and the Walls at every step planted with Cannon Nevertheless he entred it but had lost his Life had not D. Paul
the Field torn in pieces by our Cannon 6. All within and without was full of confusion with the Cries of Women and Children Groans of Wounded Men and Noise of Cannon and Elephants These forced to the Walls by their Governors were again put back with many Wounds and did great execution among their own Men. The multitude of the Enemy was such no Slaughter seemed to lessen them fresh Men still succeeding in the place of the Dead 7. Our Commander was in all places where the greatest Danger called and after a most tedious Dispute that vast number of Enemies gave way leaving 400 Men dead or dying under the Walls Some few Chingala's who were retired to the Fort for fear of the Tyrant fought as if they had been Portugueses 8. Twice after this was the Assault renewed and the Enemy as often repulsed The King enraged fortifies himself anew and provides for another Attack Iames Fernandez Pessoa coming from Negapatan with a Ship of his own was stopped by a Storm but came afterwards Antony de Aguiar Vasconcelos arrived with a Ship and comforted the Besieged The Modeliar of Candea D. Iohn de Austria and the Arache D. Alfonso did great execution among the Barbarians and a Soldier called Ioseph Fernandez of great strength threw several of them behind him for those that followed to kill them he having before broke his Spear 9. The City Cochim understanding the danger of Columbo fitted out 6 Ships with Men and Ammunition under the Command of Nuno Alvarez de Atouguia to relieve that place But Raju resolving to prevent all Relief on the 20th of August at night gave another general Assault both by Sea and Land so that Religious Men were forced to play the parts of Officers and Soldiers and the Enemy after a great Slaughter was again repulsed in both places 10. Then came Atouguia with the Relief sent from Cochim and from St. Thomas and other places arrived of their own free will Ferdinand de Lima Emanuel de Amaral and Roderick de Alvarez Emanuel Mâ—…xia rising out of an Ambush fell upon one Arache who the former Siege had killed 29 of our Men and running him through with a Spear brought him to the Fort where one of our Men cutting him open at the Heart drank his Blood Such was the Hatred they had towards him as obliged them to commit this brutal Action In September arrived a Galley and 6 Ships under the Command of Bernardin de Carvallo sent to their Assistance by the City of Goa 11. Before these Ships departed thence four were come in from Lisbon five set out but one was forced back These Ships carried new Instructions about Trade the King having agreed with Merchants about setting out the India Squadron These Instructions were so prejudicial to the Inhabitants of Goa that the Viceroy had need of all his Authority and that of Religious Men to appease them All this was the Project of insatiable Ministers of State who for their own interest will hazard the Ruin of an Empire on pretence of Zeal to the Prince 12. The Relief being come to Columbo Raju despairing of carrying the Place by Assault resolved to undermine it and had effected it but that Thomas de Sousa found out a way to destroy the Miners in the Work The Tyrant next applied himself to Treachery and agreed with some of his Wizards that counterfeiting Discontent they should desert to the Town poison their Water and bewitch our Men. These were suspected put to the Rack confessed the Design and were drowned While one of these was on the Rack he uttered some Words which deprived the Executioners of their Senses and left them struggling with Convulsions for 24 hours Raju afterwards sent others and they were punished as the former 13. Treachery failing he turns again to Force and causes his Fleet to attack ours commanded by Thomas de Sousa who sunk two of his Ships and took two killing most of the Men and hanging the rest at the Yard Arms. Of the Enemy 300 were slain of ours only two private Men. Raju in a rage beheaded the Captains of his Fleet because they had not overcome ours Now arrived Philip Carneyro with a Ship laden with Ammunition sent by the Viceroy and Antony de Brito and Emanuel de Macedo Voluntiers The Enemy gave another Assault by Night with the same Success as the former 14. At the same time came Iohn Cayado de Gamboa sent by the Viceroy with a Galleon and 150 Men many of them of Note Our Commander finding himself strong sent out Peter Alfonso with a Squadron to destroy all he could along the Coast. He did so in the Towns of Belicote Berberii and Beligao where for haste to take off the Women's Bracelets and Pendants they cut off their Hands and Ears and having made great Havock in many other places they returned with much Booty and Prisoners 15. But now Sickness threatned to do what Raju with all his Power could not effect This Disease began to rage in the Neighbouring Towns and being brought into the City the Physitians found no Cure for it This Year was drier than any had been known that Age and that was thought to cause this Malady The Doctors opening some that died of it found their Entrails impostumated which they said proceeded from Heat occasioned by that Drought They then applied cold and dry Medicines and the Disease decreased 16. The Year ended but not the Siege In the beginning of Ianuary Raju gave two Assaults in the last of which the Bastions of St. Sebastian St. Conçalo and Santiago were in great danger but by the bravery of the Defendants the Enemy was at length repulsed having lost many Men and three Elephants 17. Mean while our Fleet again sent out under the Command of Thomas de Sousa ruined all along the Coast of Ceylon He destroyed the Villages of Coscore Madania Guindurem Galé Beligao Maturé and Tanavar where the Idolaters were now undeceived who believed our Arms could never reach that place by reason of a Pagod that is there The Pagod is seated on a Hill not far from the Town and at Sea locks like a City The circumference of it was above a League it is richly Vaulted and the Arches covered with gilded Copper Plates the Idols in it were above 1000 on the side Chapels and large Cloisters All round were Streets full of Shops because People from all Parts resorted to the Pagod Sousa entring this Temple cast down all the Idols demolished the curious Workmanship carried away all that could be removed on Men's backs and killed Cows within which is the greatest Affront can be offered to those Idolaters 18. Let us in a few words here perpetuate the Memory of two illustrious Actions the one the effect of a sincere Love the other of true Generosity Among the Prisoners taken at Coscore one was a Bride As the Ships were ready to weigh Anchor there ran suddenly into that where the young Woman was a lusty Man
of the Island Pemba expelled by his Subjects and they soon after provoked by the Villanies of the Portugueses forced him and them to fly to Mombaça after having killed many and deprived the rest of the hope of ever returning to that Island 14. Let us return to India Melique had a City opposite to Chaul and of the same Name full of Moors and of great Trade as being a good Port and famous for weaving of Silks The Commander of it was an Eunuch once a Slave to the Portugueses now to Melique This Man posted himself on that noted Height called Morro with 4000 Horse and 7000 Foot Morro is a Promontory over the Sea and this runs down to the Shore of Chaul which lies to the Northward of it the River running between them 15. They terrified the Portugueses of Chaul and destroyed them with 65 large Cannon they played from that Elevation This motion was made by Nizamaluco contrary to the Peace establiâ—…d when Francis Barreto governed and he justified it with Complaints against Matthias de Albuquerque 16. This Siege was commenced in April when Winter begins at a time the Moors infested the Lands of Bacaim and some Horse those of Chaul Small Vessels did great harm along the Coast but much more was sustained in the City from the Cannon Then came 14 Mogols to be present at the taking of the Portugueses which they held as a thing certain but being assaulted by some of our Men 9 were killed 2 taken and the other 3 fled The Eunuch Taladar escaped being taken and died of his Wounds as did a Turk that succeeded him in the Command After him that Post fell to Faratecan 17. He with continual Batteries gave our Men no respite About 1000 withstood his Power till D. Alvaro de Abranches brought 300 from Baçaim and another 200 from Salsete They now made up 1500 Portugueses and a like number of such faithful Slaves that they received the Wounds themselves to protect their Masters Having appointed a day to attack the Enemy they all confessed themselves and then went up the River in several Vessels 18 The Portugueses beyond all expectation made their way to the Plain on the top of the Promontory and there the Fight was renewed Ten Elephants being turned loose a Soldier of ours gave one such a cut as made him run back trampling his own Men till he fell into the Ditch making us a Bridge to pass over Another Elephant made way to a Wicket the Portugueses entred and found so many dead as were a stop to them from killing others 19. Some Accounts say 10000 were slain others make them no less than 60000. Faratecan his Wife and Daughter were taken he became a Christian before he died as did his Daughter and came to Portugal his Wife was Ransomed Only 21 Portugueses were lost There were taken a great quantity of Ammunition many Horses 5 Elephants and 75 extraordinary Pieces of Cannon CHAP. IX Continues and concludes the Government of Matthias de Albuquerque 1. THE Portugueses in hopes the Death of Raju might contribute towards recovering what they had lost in Ceylon gave Advice thereof to the Viceroy who sent thither Peter Lopez de Sousa with a good number of Men and Ammunition This Commander made a halt at Palnagure and ordered Francis de Silva to bring the Queen of Candea whom he would put into Possession of that Kingdom But Iohn Chingala who had usurped it taking the advantage of Peter his ill Conduct took him and almost 500 Men Prisoners and cut off their Noses The Queen was put in Prison and above 150 Portugueses suffered several sorts of Death 2. D. Hierome de Azevedo succeeded Peter Lopez in this Command and with 400 Portugueses fought 12000 Chingala's but came off with great loss These Mutiniers were commanded by Dominick Correa a Chingala who was afterwards taken carried to Columbo and there quartered 3. Five Ships arrived now from Portugal and then was first carried into India the Bull of the Croisade whereof F. Francis de Faria a Dominican was Commissary 4. The Ship St. Albertus sailing for Portugal was cast away on the Coast Del Natal some of the Men lost the rest marched in a Body under the command of Nunno Vello Pereyra suffering great Hardships to the River of Lorenço Marquez where finding Emanuel Malleyro with a Ship Nunno and most of the Men imbarked and came to Moçambique Those who were left behind travelled by Land and forgetting their miserable condition so provoked the Cafres with their Insolence that they killed most of them 5. Nunno Vello Pereyra imbarked again on the Ship Chagas commanded by Francis de Melo and had no better fortune the second Voyage than the first Near the Islands Azores three English Ships met and after a bloody Fight burnt them Only 12 escaped burning or drowning on Planks among which were Nunno Vello and Blas Correa they were taken up by the English carried into England and ransomed 6. The Annual Ship coming in April from China vastly rich and being on the Malabar Coast almost in sight of Goa was set upon by 14 Galliots of the Enemy There were but 14 Portugueses in the Ship who fought 3 days and 3 nights till they were all killed then an Islander of Iava going into the round Top from thence with a Barrel of Powder set her a fire so that the Enemy got little by her A poor Comfort 7. The Viceroy fitted out a Squadron of 18 Sail with 700 Men and gave the Command of it to Andrew Furtado On the first of August he met 3 Ships belonging to Zamori full of Riches and People of both Sexes and all Ages above 2000 of them were killed in Fight the Ships taken and the Booty was such that a Servant happen'd upon 5 Bags of Pagods a Gold Coin of the bigness of half a Royal Plate but thicker and worth a Crown Furtado went on and found the Malabar Fleet he went in search of in the River of Cardiga which shunned not the Ingagement but was totally defeated and a great Booty taken 8. Then he sailed for Ceylon arrived at Columbo and secured that place in great danger of utter Ruin by means of the Portugueses who were at Variance among themselves and mutinied against their Captain This done he returned with fresh Honour to Goa 9. Now arrived 3 Ships from Portugal and found another beautiful one built called The Mother of God to return with them which was lost on the Coast called Desierto de la Ethiopia Oriental between Magadaxo and the Island Zocotora Many of the Men were drowned and more perished with Hunger and Thirst ashore Only 16 escaped enduring such Miseries they often envied the Happiness of the Dead 10. I find not any account of the Occurrences of this Year only that about the end end of it came 5 Ships from Lisbon and in one of them F. Alexius de Meneses of the Order of St. Augustin who went to
Hollanders out of Tidore and cut off their hopes of ever settling in those Islands which from that time forward remained subject to Spain 12. Though the Hollanders lost Tidore yet they aspired to greater Conquests To this purpose they made a League with seven of the Neighbouring Kings about Malaca thinking to gain that Place They gathered a Fleet of One hundred and fifty Sail in which were 16000 Men. There were but few above One hundred Portugueses in a condition to oppose this Power but they were Commanded by the Great Andrew Furtado de Mendoça He sent out several Parties to discover the Enemy's Designs The first was but of four Soldiers with Gaspar de Fonseca the Enemy thinking they Deserted gave them free Passage but were undeceived receiving considerable damage from only those five Men. Next Captain Ferdinand de Costa de Andria with Forty Men some of them Iaponeses cut off a good Party of them and retired without any loss 13. The Enemy having taken their Ground began to batter the City and those within to feel the Miseries of a Siege being in want of all Necessaries To this was added that the Master-Gunner was a Hollander who designedly burst many pieces of Cannon having under-hand Intelligence with the Enemy A Moor who commanded some Men acted no less treacherously but being discovered they were both hanged over the Wall Many of our Men signalized themselves by brave Actions and particularly Iohn Rodriguez Camelo who with great danger brought a number of Men and did good Service with them The Enemy lost so many Men during four Months the Siege lasted in which time they spent above Fifty thousand Cannon Balls that despairing of success they raised the Siege the Kings returning home and the Hollanders to their Ships 14. The News that D. Martin Alfonso de Castro our Viceroy was coming with twelve Galleons four Galleys and seventy other Vessels caused the Siege to be sooner raised He set out of Goa in May on St. Antony's Day in Iune came to Anchor at Achem where he took three of the Enemy's Ships loaden with Provisions and resolved to take Revenge on that King for receiving the Hollanders into his Ports contrary to a former Agreement On the 29th the Men landed the Enemy's opposed them in great numbers with many Elephants but after a brave resistance were forced to their Works Our Men mounted and planted their Colours and had they followed their Victory the City had been that day destroyed Yet the fight lasted all that and next day when the Viceroy perceiving no Benefit accrued shipped his Men much afflicted that he had slipped such an Opportunity 15. After suffering much for want of Water and loosing some Vessels by bad Weather the Fleet came before Malaca where Andrew Furtado acquainted the Viceroy the Siege was carried on by Sea and Land on the Sea were eleven Ships and seven Galliots of the Hollanders and Three hundred small Vessels of the Natives by Land eleven neighbouring Kings in their Persons with 14000 Men. Both of them during those four Months the Siege lasted had destroyed many Buildings and committed great Outrages against Images and other holy Things On the 17th of August the 〈◊〉 Ships went out to receive our Fleet playing their Cannon furiosly and were answer'd in like manner with equal loss till Night parted them 16. Morning appearing the Fight was renewed with great Fury but the Damage was greater on our side because the Enemies Ships exceeded us in strength swiftness number of Cannons and goodness of Gunners Sebastian Suarez boarded one and burnt it after having killed many Hollanders Alvaro de Carvallo would have done the like to another and Duarte de Guerra coming up to second him they all three were consumed by fire and none of the Men saved 17. D. Henry de Noronna boarded the Admiral Cornelius Madclif and being both in danger of being burnt they parted by consent promising if they met again they would not encounter Whereupon Noronna quitted his Command telling the Viceroy He had rather serve as a private Man than be obliged to perform the Promise he had made to the Enemy D. Peter Mascarennas succeeded him in the Command who did Wonders for the Dutch Admiral coming up to salute him supposing it had been Noronna they engaged furiously and after the fight Four hundred Cannon shot were found in the Galleon which had done no other harm than the killing one Cafâ—…e The Fleets were engaged eight Days and our Vessels very much disabled On the 24th of August the Viceroy again offered the Enemy Battel but they all fled 18. The Viceroy entred Malaca which had been ruined during the Siege Andrew Furtado was of Opinion the Fleet should be kept together lest the Enemy might destroy it being separated Others advised it should divide the worst Advice was followed D. Alvaro de Meneses had a Squadron of seven Galleons to go meet the Ships that were expected from Portugal at the Islands of Nicobar Nunno Alvarez Pereyra another of five to secure the Ships of Iava that brought Provisions to Malaca through the Streight of Singapura but having met the Enemy he returned into the Port. 19. The Hollanders having refitted and hearing our Fleet was divided came again before Malaca and finding there the five Galleons they began a desperate fight on the twenty-second of October Many Men of Note of our side were killed one of our Vessels blew up and only seven Men were saved In fine the whole Squadron was destroyed Of the Hollanders about Five hundred were killed The Viceroy soon after died at Malaca it was believed that of Grief for this Loss 20. The Hollanders met not with the like Success in the Bay of Polobutum where D. Alvaro de Meneses was with his Squadron of seven Galleons for after a bloody Fight they were forced to give way having lost three Ships But since the Viceroy is dead and we must enter upon a new Government it will be fit to mention what Ships sailed from Lisbon for India during his Life In the Year 1605 7 Ships Before them three Galleons which were with the Fleet at Malaca After the 7 Ships set out Belchior Rodriguez in a Caravel with some fresh Advice who overtaking them under the Line returned to Lisbon 21. In the Year 1606 3 Ships were to have gone but were prevented by a Dutch Squadron that lay at the mouth of the River till the Season was past Thus much of the Government of D. Martin Alfonso de Castro who was Viceroy two Years and a half the 19th of that Number and 37th Governour the second both of Name and Sirname Of Stature somewhat tall of Complexion sallow a good Christian a good Gentleman well beloved in India and Zealous of the Kings's Service a Thing now rare in the World CHAP. VII The Government of the Archbishop D. F. Alexius de Meneses who was Governour from the Year 1607 till 1609. 1. DOn Martin Alfonso de Castra the Viceroy being
such Monsters This base Man being lifted to that height the steps by which he ascended being Treachery and Ingratitude he now found it was no longer possible to support his Power without some considerable Succour 2. This Man who in his Prosperity forgot to submit himself to the Viceroy now seeing the probability of falling acquaints him with the Danger he is in He proposes like an absolute Prince That if the Viceroy will effectually support him he will become Tributary to Portugal with the acknowledgment of a Galleon loaden with Rice to be delivered Yearly at Goa or Malaca He urged all had been done by him was to revenge the Murder of the Portugueses slaughtered by the King of Arracam in Banguel of Dianga and to gain the Viceroy by the hope of Profit hinted that the vast Treasure of that King might be taken This last so blinded the Viceroy that in stead of abhorring the Villanies of that Wretch he resolved to assist him contrary to all Human and Divine Laws 3. For this Expedition the Viceroy fitted out 14 of the largest Galliots one Flyboat and a Pink and gave the Command of them to D. Francis de Meneses Roxo who had governed Ceylon He sailed from Goa about the middle of September well manned and equipped but not without much foreboding of an unfortunate Event for as the Viceroy only weighed the prospect of Gain the People considered the injustice of the Enterprize 4. On the 3d of October D. Francâ—… arrived at Arracam the chief Port and Residence of that King he had before sent a Galliot with Advice of his coming to Sebastian Gonzales at Sundiâ—…a His Instructions being opened before all the Captains they contained that he should enter that Kingdom without expecting Sebastian Gonzalez It was more reasonable that man should have been expected as who knew the Country and their manner of Fight besides the Forces he was to bring but God had decreed the Ruin of that vile Wretch and of that unjust Succour On the 15th of October they discovered coming down the River a Fleet so numerous they could not see the end of it The foremost was a Dutch Pink and many Hollanders commanded other Vessels All that could be discoverd appeared full of Men and well equipped an ill sight for 15 little Ships that expected them neither were they now 15 for one was gone to Sundiva the Pink was in pursuit of a Ship that fled and another was gone to fetch the Pink. 5. The Dutch Pink fired the first Gun and then the Fight began furiously our Galliots advancing without any dread of that vast Fleet. Four Galliots got before the others and in an instant their Captains and many Soldiers were killed yet the rest were no way dismayed and the other eight came up darkening the day with Smoak notwithstanding the repeated flashes of Fire Many of the Enemy were drowned oversetting their Vessels through haste to fly from us The Fight lasted from morning till evening when the Enemy drew off thinking some Relief was coming to us having discovered the Galliot that went to seek the Pink which they could not find We lost 25 Men of Note besides others 6. Next morning the Pink came up aboard him the wounded Men were carried and such as he had fit for Service taken out D. Francis resolved to lie at the mouth of the River till Sebastian Gonzalez came to joyn him and then again attack the Enemy At length Gonzalez came with 50 Sail well manned and equipped and hearing what was done railed against the Viceroy for giving such Orders and against D. Francis for obeying them About the middle of November they sailed up the River discovered the Enemies vast Fleet riding in a safe Place and resolved to attack it D. Francis took half Gonzalez his Ships and gave him half those he brought so they made two equal Squadrons They divided themselves and fell on on both sides firing upon those Vessels they could reach but none of them advanced The King from the Shore encouraged his Men causing the Heads of some that fled to be set upon Spears for a Terror to the rest 7. Scarce had our Men time to breath when a great part of that vast Fleet came down upon them divided into 3 Squadrons This was at Noon when the heat of the Sun scorched Sebastian Gonzalez put to flight those that attacked him our Pink did as much with the Hollander D. Francis received and did much harm The Advantage was visible on our side till about Sun-setting our Admiral D. Francis was killed by two Musket-Balls one in the Forehead the other in the left Eye A Signal given on Board his Galliot caused Sebastian Gonzalez to cease â—…ollowing his good Fortune and the Tide ebbing the Fleets parted but Gaspar de Abren's Galeot being left among the Enemy all her Men were slain and the Vessel torn in pieces yet Abreu was brought off by Antony Carvallo mortally wounded and lived some days after 8. Our Fleet being come back to the mouth of the River care was taken of the Wounded and above 200 Dead were buried in the Sea The Body of D. Francis was embalmed D. Luis de Azevedo the Vice-Admiral succeeded in the Command They all sailed over to Sundiva and D. Luis with his Squadron thence to Goa notwithstanding Sebastian Gonzales for his own security laboured all he could to keep him there Not long after the King of Arracam falling upon him in his Island took it and reduced him to his former miserable condition so his Sovereignty passed like a Shadow his Pride was humbled and his Villanies punished Our Fleet on their return burnt some Ships of the Moors laden with Provisions upon the Coast of Paliacate and St. Thomas But Iohn Gomez Paez fighting with others had his Galliot blown up and few Men were saved CHAP. VIII Continues the Government of the Viceroy D. Hierome de Azevedo this same Year 1615 and that of 1616. 1. THE Viceroy fitted out the Squadron for the North which consisted of 12 Ships and as many small Vessels in which were at least 20 Gentlemen of Quality whom the Portugueses call Fidalgos that served as Voluntiers The Admiral was Ruy Freyre de Andrade 2. This Fleet set out about the end of October Ruy Freyre by the way visited the Northern Forts At Balcar beyond Surat he sent out the Fleet for Cambaya under the Convoy of two Ships giving Advice to the Commander to send away that which was there As soon as Ruy Freyre came to Suratte Nababo who commanded there for the Mogol sent him two Vessels loaded as he said with fresh Provisions but they were costly Curiosities and Silks Ruy Freyre to receive this Message called all the Captains aboard his Galliot and before them viewed and commended the Present That done he took only one Piece assuring the Messenger All must be returned but that he should be as ready to serve his Master as if he had received the whole Present Nababo
Sampayo and Iames de Cunna executed Salvador Vaz de Guerra at Moçambique The News of that impudent Action brought to Goa so terrified the Judge Francis de Fonseca Pinto then a Prisoner that he made his Escape by Bribes and died in the Country of the Moors 5. The Viceroy sent an Ambassador to the Mogol to desire he would not admit our Enemies the English and Dutch into his Ports F. Emanuel Pineyro a Jesuit went on this Errand The result was that the King took off the Embargo that was upon 200 Sail of ours in his Ports and forbore making War upon Damam and Diu for which purpose he had already detatched 30000 Horse from the Army that was ready to march against the Persians who invaded his Territories His Army consisted of 300000 Horse the Foot innumerable many Thousand Camels 12000 Elephants 6000 Yoke of Oxen drawing as many Carts besides such as carry on their backs like Mules 70000 poor People followed this multitude 6. This multitude being to pass a rapid River that falls from a Mountain he laid over it a wooden Bridge for the Men and broke the Fury of its Course with a Dam for the Beasts to swim over safely A whole Month was spent in passing The Camp was 8 Leagues in compass so regular so beautified with rich Tents and so well supplied with all Necessaries that it looked like a well govern'd City 7. This Year sailed from Lisbon for India 3 Ships and 2 Flyboats under the Command of D. Christopher de Noronna Six English Ships lay then about the Cape of Good Hope which taking one of the Flyboats understood the others were coming and lay in wait for them They meeting the English Admiral said He had Orders from his King to seize Effects of the Portugueses to the value of 70000 Crowns for the Damage done by the Viceroy D. Hierome de Azevedo to the 4 English Ships in the Bay of Surat This Sum was immediately paid him and 20000 Ducats more to divide among his Men. Our Admiral no sooner arrived at Goa but he was secured by the Viceroy and sent Prisoner to Lisbon 8. The King of Iorcon came into the River of Malaca with 80 Sail in a miserable condition as who was expelled his Dominions by the King of Achem. Our Officers â—…ing to visit him he desired Assistance against that Enemy which was denied him and yet afterwards they desired the same of the King to oppose the Power of Achem which threatned that Place and was more formidable than it had been till that time 9. A small Squadron was sent from Malaca under the Command of Lope de Sousa to plunder the Hollanders Factory at Iaâ—…e where they found only 4 or 5 Dutch Men with a number of the Natives yet would not attack them for fear of exposing the Son-in-Law and Son of the Commander of Malaca who if not to be exposed ought not to have gone They lost the opportunity of taking a great Sum of Money that was kept there and in stead of plundering that Enemy gained another by destroying some Towns along the Coast. 10. The Tartars having ruined part of the famous Wall of China entred like a Torrent with above a million of Men bearing down Cities and whole Provinces till they drew near the Court of Peking in so terrible a manner that the King was about withdrawing to Nanking But the Chineses recovering of the first Fright fell upon the Tartars and made such a slaughter as obliged them to quit that Province The Jesuits here gained much Esteem having been very serviceable with their Intelligence For an Example to posterity I will relate the Particulars of this Invasion of the Tartars till the Year 1640. 11. When Humvu the first of the Family now reigning in China expelled the Tartars who for 90 Years had been possessed of that Crown he not only recovered what had been lost but conquered the Frontiers of Tartary dividing them into several Governments These in time grew to such a height that they raised themselves into 3 Kingdoms one on the East the other towards the West and the third on the North. The two last immediately cast off the Chinese Yoke the other continued in Obedience till the Chineses seeing it grow powerful without any other occasion resolved to weaken it But the Tartars oppressed taking courage revenged themselves running to Arms and securing a strong Hold in the Province of Leaotung by which and other Actions they became Masters of the Field The other two Kingdoms moved by the hope of Gain joyned with the former and in the Year 1618 which was 300 after Humvn formed a most formidable Army which coming to Battel with that of China no less numerous gave it a total overthrow rather to be attributed to the ill Conduct of the Chineses than Valour of the Tartars The King of China so much neglected his Government he seemed to be in a perfect Lethargy and all the Industry used by his Ministers to awake him was of no effect 12. In fine the Tartars continued the War with such Success that they conquered the Northern Province of Leaotung and forced the Kingdom of Corea to pay them Tribute as they did till then to China After the Tartars were beaten from Peking a Chinese Woman headed some Troops against them and gained great Fame defeating them in several places CHAP. XVI Continues the Government of the Viceroy D. John Coutinno Count De Redondo 1. AT the time the Tartar Invasion appeared most formidable Gonçalo Teyzeyra a Portugues was at Peking having carried thither a Present from the City Macao to the Mandarins he in the Name of the said City offered to assist them with a number of expert Soldiers They accepted the Offer and sent thither him that made it and F. Iohn Rodriguez a Jesuit Four hundred Men were raised in the City most of them Portugueses the rest Chineses bred among them and consequently good Musketiers Every Soldier had a Mulato Servant bought at the King's expence and their Pay was so great they all cloathed themselves in costly Apparel bought the best Arms and yet thought themselves rich They embarked under two Captains Peter Cordero in chief and Antony Rodriguez del Cabo At Quantung the Chineses were astonished at their Volleys and Exercise They were sent in Boats 〈◊〉 the River and well treated Being come to a Mountain they crossed it on â—…ck and then 〈◊〉 â—…oats again crossing almost all the Province of Kiangsi till they came to the Metropolis thereof The People admired their Presence Arms and Garb and because some had their Cloaths slashed said They could not imagine why Men of sense should purposely tear a Stuff that was whole 2. These Men who might have been so serviceable upon this occasion were from that City sent back to Macao The principal Reason is supposed to be That the Chineses of Quantung who are Factors for the Portugueses fearing this might be a means for them to be admitted into the
Kingdom whereby they should lose the Advantages they made of them in the way of Trade represented it to the Magistrates as a thing dangerous to introduce those Strangers into the Kingdom and under-hand bribing the Mandarins prevailed with those very Men who had advised the King to send for the Portugueses with so great Expence to send them back saying It was not convenient to make use of them 3. The King answered It is not long since you proposed making use of these Men against the Tartars now you say it is not convenient When you propose any thing again consider of it better and if they are not for our service let them return It is remarkable that whereas the Chineses are so jealous they suffer no Strangers even Ambassadors to view their Towns especially the Court these Soldiers had liberty to see all Things at thier pleasure without any lett The same liberty 〈◊〉 given to the Ambassadors sent by the City Macao and to the Jesuits 4. The Jesuits made at this time good progress in the propagation of the Faith and were informed of a certain People called of the Cross as being descended from ancient Christians Two Fathers had this Intelligence from certain Jews in the City Caifumfir These Jews had there a Synagogue as big as a large Church well adorned and the Bible in Hebrew Syriack and Chaldaick 5. They gave some account of those People of the Cross who were then dispersed and their Church converted to a Heathen Pagod The Jesuits inquiring in the Neighbouring Towns found some footsteps of that People though they concealed themselves fearing this search after them was upon some ill design One of these had the Pictures of St. Peter and St. Paul 6. Four Galliots sailing from Macao wâ—… attacked by a Holland Ship and being boarded by them fired herself One Iaponese was saved who said That Ship carried Money to supply their Forts and that there were aboard some Chineses of Quality taken not long before Five Portugueses were lost in the Ship 7. Constantine de Sa Noronna succeeded D. Nâ—…o Alvarez Pereyra who was gone to the Conquest of the Mâ—… of Câ—…ma in the Post of General of Ceylon He built the Fort of Sofragam because the Neighâ—… hood was in Arms and left there 100 Portâ—… gueses and 200 Lascarines Then he maâ—… ched towards Madune who was fortified at the two Corla's the ancient â—…trimony of his Forefathers a Mountainous Couâ—… well watred bearing much Rice and aboâ—… 7 Leagues in compass Noronna stayed some days at Ceytavaca to get Provisions and settle 30 Portugueses in a high Tower the only part standing of that great City After a month's march through the Enemies Country where Hunger began to pinch he underderstood Madune fled He follows to his City and finding 〈◊〉 abandoned burns it A Budiame was here destroyed that is a Tree those People highly esteem saying Their God Budum leaned against it whence it takes its Name On the foot of this were the Images of several Idols curiously carved 9. Noronna finding no Enemy was upon his return when 500 of Madune's Men appeared in his Rear commanded by Chacatien Zala Our General laid a few Portugueses and 1000 Lascarines in ambush and though some of our Men at first fled he broke the Enemy killing maâ—… and taking 35 Men of great Note whereof one was Câ—…atien The Enemy seeking Revenge another day had 30 principal Men slain and among them the Prince of Uva who called himself King 10. The Hollanders this Year took several good Prizes the Portugueses endeavouring to gather Wealth but not providing the means to defend it The Particulars are too inconsiderable to be related I will say somewhat of the Malabar Pirats whom our Carelesness and Presumption made bold 11. Whilst our Admiral of the Malabar Sea was upon that Coast D. Pedro a Cousin of that Cunnale who was beheaded at Goa after becoming a Christian fled from that City and commanding 5 Parao's took several of our Ships hindred the Trade and took the Island De las Vacas and that of Tristan Golayo Our General D. Coâ—…tine de Sa from Columbo sent 40 Galliots to Manar to joyn 18 small vessels there and destroy that Pirat They set out on the Eve of the Ascension and being parted by a Storm the 18th met at the Island of Golayâ—… Vitorio de Abreu commanded them who being informed by two Blacks left there by the Owner of the Island that the 5 Parao's were gone to some Place near for Ammunition and that before they returned he might possess himself of Goods to the value of 30000 Ducats lâ—…t there by D. Pedro in a House he made light of this Intelligence and staying for the Enemy lost 12 of the 18 Sail and about 300 Men besides those that were taken whereof he was one 12. Mean while our Squadâ—… convoyed the Merchant Fleet after such a manner that the same Pirate took a Vessel without their offering to desend it The Merchants of Nâ—…an 〈◊〉 the Captains of the Conâ—…oy to recover that Ship but they would or dâ—… not A Spanish Flyboat accidentally pâ—…g by at the request of that City retook it 13. Constantine de Sa ever since he was General of 〈◊〉 had intelligence that Câ—…li Câ—…are King of Iâ—…tan and 〈◊〉 â—…ect assisted Maâ—… He offered 〈◊〉 Money to wave receiving the Price of the Elephants due as Tribute Câ—…li privily Armed and Constantine sent Philip de Olivoyra witâ—… â—…o Portugueses and 3000 Lâ—…es 〈◊〉 demanded the value of the Elephants and 〈◊〉 answered not to the purpose relying on 8000 Men well Armed and his strong Walls Oliveyrâ—… advanced and the King understanding it by a treacherous Portugues sent to him not to proceed and he would stand by the former Capitulation This was only a â—…gem to cut off our Van which was far advanced under Lâ—… Cabral de Faria 14. Oliveyra credited the Fraud and sent Orders to Faria to come back but at such time as the Enemy had attacked him he answered It was then too late and breaking a Body of 1000 Blacks advanced Two thousand that followed him were defeated by Oliveyra who hearing the noise marched with all speed Changali flying over the River was taken and with him 8000 Crowns our Men undecently treating the Princesses that were in his company The King seeing his Brother in-Law's Ears cut off for the Ear-Rings took out his own and gave them to the next Man Oliveyra ordered him at Iafanapatan to make a List of the Portugueses he held Correspondence with He made one and among the many named was Oliveyra himself with the allowance of 2000 Crowns and the late General D. Nunno Alvarez Pereyra with 9000. The King was carried to Goa Oliveyra was left to govern the Kingdom Madune wanting this Friend submitted himself 15. Andrew Botello de Costa coming to Iafanapatan with 6 Sail understood there was a great Danish Ship at Gale that had taken some Prizes he found out and after
in Power would revenge the Affronts done to his Person but he carried himself with more moderation than was expected The Count thought of punishing Simon de Melo and Luis de Brito as the most guilty of the shameful loss of Ormuz Melo was fled over to the Moors and Brito in Prison this was Beheaded as was the other in Effigies 5. Gonçalo de Sequeira who was to have relieved Ormuz stayed with his Galleon at Mascate believing his Assistance necessary upon a Report that the Persians designed against that Place Hearing the Enemy fortified at Soar in Arabia he fitted out 7 Sail and coming before it expelled the Persians with much slaughter and not without loss because they defended it with more Valour than the Portuguezes had Ormuz Goncalo de Sequeyra remained there and again defeated the Enemy endeavouring to gain Mascate 8. The Dutch who had lain before the Bar of Goa being gone towards Triquilimale the Viceroy sent Constantine de Sa and Ruy Freyre with a Squadron to assist Sequeyra in the Sea of Ormuz They chased an English Ship which got away from them and returning to the Sea of Ormuz took two Ships of the Moors putting them all to the Sword 7. Three Galleots of Cochin defeated some Dutch and Pegu Ships at Paleacate D. Francis Mascarennas a Person of known Valour and Prudence was sent to Command at Macao to oppose the Hollanders and quiet the Disorders that were among the Citizens The Divisions among the Laity being made up there began others among the Clergy about the Government of that Cathedral for want of a Bishop 8. Three Ships three Galleons and two Pinks sailed from Lisbon for India One of the Ships returning home was lost at the mouth of Lisbon River the Men and some Goods saved another perished at Moçambique the third on the Island St. Helena part of her Loading being taken into the other Ships the rest fetched away from Brasil Two of the Galleons were also cast away at Moçambique and a Pink through the unskilfulness of the Pilot on the Coast of Arabia In these Vessels were 5000 Men whereof many died of Sickness besides what perished by Shipwrack 9. Now begins the Year 1624 famous for the Sufferings of Gativanda Queen of Dopoli at Xiras in Persia and Cruelty of the King Xa Abas But this having relation to the Religious of St. Augustin who laboured much in the conversion of Asia I will relate some Particulars of what they did in those Parts They resided at Ormuz where among many others the Heir of that Crown was converted and took their Habit by the Name of F. Hierome Iaete and afterwards Preached with much Zeal With him was Baptized D. Alfonso Nordim of the Blood Royal and his Sister Da. Philippa Morada 10. The Fathers preached also with success along the Skirts of Arabia Petrea When Ormuz was lost they went over to Baçora a City subject to the Turk below Babylon on the Borders of Arabia Felix with Orders from the Archbishop of Goa to endeavour chiefly the Reduction of the Armenian Schismaticks called Christians of St. Iohn in the Kingdom of Bombareca where F. Francis of the Presentation and F. Matthias an Englishman who died at Ormuz with a general Opinion of Sanctity had been before but with no success After them F. Nicholas de la Vega with the consent of the Turkish Bassa erected there a House and Chapel 11. F. Iohn de los Santos and F. Ioseph of the Presentation built a Church and Convent and many Schismaticks were reconciled to the Church The Bassa gave them Power over all the Christians Chaldeans Nestorians and Jews and many Chaldeans were Baptized Many Infidels Arabs Turks and Persians resorted to the Convent and some were converted In the City and the Neighbourhood there are about 70000 Inhabitants whereof about 5000 Christians of St. Iohn so called because they have a Tradition That their Forefathers were Baptized in the River Iordan by the Baptist. 12. The Portugueses after the loss of Ormuz setled their Trade in this City and founded a Seminary for Learning The Bassa very much countenanced the Religious and seeing a Christian Soldier in love with a Moorish Woman secured and delivered him up to them They sent him to Mascate she followed was baptized and married him He consented that a Girl should be taken from her Mother who seeing her go followed and both were reconciled to the Church 13. The first time Vespers were sung a Drum going about to gather the Christians all the Moors flocked thither in so much that the Cacizes said This was some particular Act of Divine Providence and cried The World must be at an end 14. These Religious first entred the Court of Ispahan in the time of King Sebastian afterwards 5 Armenian Bishops many Priests and a multitude of People submitted to the See of Rome The King offered the Fathers 2000 Ducats a Year which they refused lest it should be thought they went to enrich themselves not to plant Religion They were afterwards Imprisoned by the Moors ill Treated and sent to Xiras 100 Leagues distant The Governour of that Place sent them to the Convent with Fetters on their Feet and Yoaks on their Necks The Governour pretended the cause of their Imprisonment was That Ruy Freyre had secured three Moors at Ormuz and said They should be set at liberty if those were restored Brother Peter carried Advice hereof to Goa and the Moors were released 15. The Labours of these Fathers have been very succesful in Gorgistan or Georgia The first that undertook that Mission was F. William of St. Augustin who was well received by the Georgians but put to Death by the Sultan of Fabris and was buried by the Armenian Religious of the Order of St. Dominick 16. The King of Persia invading one of the Georgian Princes he sent his Mother called Gativanda to Treat with him who after giving an ambiguous Answer caused her on the way home to be apprehended and carried Prisoner to Xiras This Lady was kept in Prison 11 Years living always a most godly Life in Fasting and Penance her greatest Grief was to hear that some of the Captives of her Country wavered in the Faith 17. The Religious coming at that time to Xiras greatly comforted her The King of Persia being solicited to release Gativanda sent to advise her to turn Mahometan otherwise she must expect to endure the cruelest of Tortures She desiring a little time to recollect herself spent it in Prayer and that ended resolutely told the Officers They might fulfill their Orders They taking compassion endeavoured to perswade telling her The Torments would be insupportable and she replied The Delay was the most grievous Torture 18. Her Hands being tied the Executioners put on her Head a Copper Vessel made red hot and tore her Cheeks and Breasts with burning Pinchers Not a Sigh came from her till she was stripped to the Waste to have her Breasts cut off looking upon it more grievous
dispute 10. The time being come they must return to Siranagar the King would not permit them to depart till they swore they would return and then he promised they should have liberty to Preach and he would build them a Church being much pleased with a Picture they left him of our Lady with our Saviour sleeping in her Arms. The Fathers returned acccording to promise and the King in pursuance of his built the Church with great joy and was afterwards Baptized with the Queen notwithstanding the Lama's for their private Ends did all they could to oppose it The Fathers understood by Merchants who came from China that it was 60 Days Journey distant from that Court travelling through the Kingdom of Usanguâ—… 40 Days Journey from the same Court and thence 20 to China That there were two great Kingdoms where the Cross was much used That Cathay is not a Kingdom but a great City and Metropolis of a Province subject to the Grand Sopo very near China Hence perhaps some gave China the name of Cathay Perhaps this Empire of Tibet is that of Prester Iohn so much spoken of and not Ethiopia as was believed But let us return to India 11. In April 4. Malabar Parao's took a Portugues Ship carrying the Men into slavery under Arcolo a King of the Country opposite to the Place where the famous Fort of Cunnale once stood Among the Prisoners were two Franciscans one whereof proved so acceptable to the King that he was the cause of settling a firm Peace between him and the Viceroy 12. Two Ships arrived from Lisbon which returning home the next Year were lost with the whole Portugues Fleet upon the Coast of France in a terrible Storm and was the greatest Loss Portugal sustained since the time of King Sebastian 13. There being nothing remarkable this Year in India let us see what the Carmelites did in Persia where they got footing in the Year 1604. They soon erected several Convents and confirmed the Armenians who were in danger of falling from the Faith terrified with the Persecution raised by the King of Persia. F. Basil of St. Francis was very successful among those called of Saint Iohn about Bassora In the short space of six Months he Preached in the difficult Persian Arabian and Turkish Languages as if he had part of the gift of Languages peculiar to the Apostles and gained such Reputation that many neighbouring Princes permitted him to Preach and build Churches in their Dominions 14. F. Iohn Thadeus and F. Peter of Saint Thomas went to the City Xiras being sent for by the Sultan thereof where they converted some Mahometans others gave them their Doubts in Writing to be sent to Rome assuring if they were satisfied in those Points there would be no need of Preaching to convert them Veâ—…taviet Moses an Armenian Bishop acknowledged his Error in denying the Supremacy of the Church of Rome and promised to perswade all her Diocess to acknowledge it In fine these Fathers have laboured with great Profit and Success 15. Three Ships sailed this Year from Lisbon to India one of them at his return on this side the Cape Good Hope fought twice with three Dutch Ships and came off with Honour 16. Nunno Alvarez Botello sailing with his Galleons for Mascate there arose such a terrible Storm that it parted all his Company from him and he had much difficulty to perswade his Men in despair to work The Tempest ceasing their Provisions fell snort there was but one Pipe of Water for 500 Men and no Land near where they might be supplied Some died with Thirst others running mad leaped over-board After a Fortnight spent in this miserable Condition they discovered the Land of Rozalgatâ—… always fatal to the Portugueses The Men cried to go ashore but Nunno with fair words and kindness disswaded them and coming to Teve they were relieved without danger 17. Off Surat Nunno discovered six Dutch Ships he gave them câ—…ace but lost them He sailed to Bombaim to refit a Galleon and thence to the Bar of Diu. An English and Dutch Squadron both consisting of 17 Sail sailed to Bombaim thinking to find him there They battered the Fort and mâ—…ting no Opposition burnt the poor Towns along the Coast. A Dutch Captain entring the Church of Our Lady of Hope with his Sword cut to pieces a great Crucifix and burnt part of it He had soon after the Reward of this Barbarity his Ship being burnt by Ruy Freyre and he with all the Men slain Nunno hearing of this Action begged the Crucifix of the Rector vowing to carry it always with him till he had revenged the Wrong or died in the Execution of it So it fell out as will be seen hereafter 18. The King of Achem fitted out a Fleet of 35 Galleys against Malaca D. Francis Coutinno with 16. Sail burnt 34 of them killing or taking 3000 Men and bringing off 800 pieces of Cannon 19. On the 17th of Iune 4 Dutch Ships came before the Port of Macao designing to fall upon the Fleet was ready to sail for Iapan The King's Revenue being low our Commander could act nothing against them some rich Men undertook it in Merchant Ships They fitted out five and boarding the Enemy's Admiral burnt her killing 37 Men taking 50 24 pieces of Cannon a quantity of Ball some Money and much Provisions The other 3 fled 20. Ferdinand de Sousa commanded at Angola and after defending it against two Dutch Squadrons fortified the Coast the space of half a League raising 4 Works planted with Cannon and cast up a Trench at the Bar of Corimba which secured it against any attempt Zinga Queen of Angola went with a great Power to Besiege the Garrison of Ambaça but Iohn Carreyro sending a Company of Portugueses to assist that Lord who was our Friend the Queen was defeated A Body of Men marching to her aid was met by nine Portugueses with a number of Blacks who fled at first sight the nine Portugueses fought till their Pouder was spent and two being killed the other seven were taken which was no small Satisfaction to the Queen and many of the Blacks who before were our Friends hereupon became Neuters 21. Soon after the Queen was defeated and deposed and her Brother Airiquibange Crowned King being become a Christian as did many Persons of Note by his means At Congo the City Salvador was taken by the Prince of Sunne who killing the King placed in his stead D. Ambrose of the same Blood Royal. He proved a wise and religious Prince 22. The beginning of this Year went from Portugal for India but one Ship and a Pink. The latter as it return'd was burnt by the Dutch and the Men made Prisoners But in November 3 Ships more set sail The Viceroy returned to Portugal in the first Ship having resigned the Government to D. F. Luis de Brito Bishop of Cochim by reason D. Francis Mascarennas appointed to succeed him was gone to Spain The Count this second
attend adorning and beautifying the City He built a Church dedicated to St. Laurence near the Bar and gave it to the Franciscans Then he founded and endowed an Hospital for the Poor in the Field of St. Lazarus which made four Hospitals at Goa He rebuilt the Council-house of the Inquisition and Palace of the Viceroys which were going to ruin 7. For Military Works at Panelim he finished that called the Powder-house where are daily made 14 Quintals of Powder Repaired the Fortifications of Mascate and others These Works seem sufficient to have made him beloved but either some Humours made him odious or else it was impossible to please the Portugueses Some discontented Persons when the Viceroy was about to depart set up several scandalous Libels against him in publick Places and hanged his Effigies on the publick Gibbet Yet after all it was voted that an honourable Statue should be erected to him in the same place where the other had been hang'd but it succeeded not for when the Pedestal was set up there arrived a new Viceroy and the arrival of such always reverses whatsoever was done before 8. Now died the famous Commander Ruy Freyre de Andrade full of Merit unrewarded we have already spoke of his Actions his Qualities were a mixture of good and bad more Politick than Conscientious He was Prudent and Generous Gave all his Orders in doubtful terms to reserve a Meaning to justifie himself by in case of ill success Was familiar with no body choosing rather to be feared than beloved He heard all Soldiers standing or made them sit Any breach of Orders he never pardoned but beheaded a Captain for saving a beautiful young Woman being commanded to put all to the Sword It is needless to repeat more Extravagancies of this kind 9. Two Ships sailed from Lisbon carrying a new Viceroy to India The Count De Linarez returned with them one whereof was cast away near Lisbon the other in which he was went to Malaga where many of the Men died much of the Loading was wasted and the Ship was broke up 10. The Count went to Court and was the first that presented his Prince with part of what he had gained To the King he gave a Hatband to the Queen a pair of Pendants both valued by some 100000 by others 80000 Crowns He was at first received with Hononr and after Imprisoned The Count was of a beautiful Presence and comely Aspect discreet and well inclined of Viceroys the 27th of Governours the 51st and 6th of the Sirname 11. This Year was remarkable in Cochinchina for a Dearth which caused such a Famine as had not been known in the memory of Man and for repeated Treasons About the beginning of the Year a Bastard Son of the King but Adopted by the Queen went to govern the Provinces between Cacham and Chapa he had before his departure conspired with eight principal Men to bring the Government of the Kingdom into his and his Brothers hands which then was managed by the Sons of another Woman As soon as he came to his Government he began to make Warlike Preparations the King understanding it sent for him and he kept off till the Kind died and the Princes possessed themselves of the Palace The Conspirators came to celebrate the Funeral Rites An Uncle of those young Princes was present who understanding those Traitors design to murder his Nephews called up the Guards that were ready to execute his Orders but he thought it enough to terrifie those Conspirators The Funeral ended the Prince having with difficulty got the Royal Seal from the Queen tendred it to his Uncle offering to acknowledge him as King but the old Man unwilling to be out-done by the Youth refused the Offer only desiring him to remember his Children 12. The News of the King's Death being brought to the Bastard at the City Cacham he ordered the deepest Mourning according to the custom of that Country which was to cut their Hair short This to them is a great Affliction for they wear their Hair at length like Women and think it makes them beautiful whereas they are very ugly This done he raised Men and fortified himself at Turam The young King's two Brothers soon came upon him and were Masters of all He fled and being taken attempted to kill himself with a Knife but failing was committed to Prison where he poisoned himself After his Death many Persons of great Note being Accomplices in the Treason were put to Death CHAP. XIII The Government of the Viceroy Peter de Silva from the Year 1635 till 1638. 1. ABout the end of this Year 1635 the Count de Linarez resigned the Government of India to Peter de Silva The same People that accused the Count for being so rigid accused Silva of being too easie Perhaps they blamed the Extreams but what Man can overcome his Inclinations Every Man's Qualifications ought to be looked into before an Employment is given him I know not whether Sylva were naturally easie but he had gained the Nickname of Mole which in Portugues signifies Soft Neither did he like the Government being often heard to say God forgive them that named me for this Imploy for I am not fit for it 2. In March Antony Tellez set out again with his 6 Galleons after 13 Sail of Dutch he expected to meet at Surat A Storm forced him to Bombaim and the Enemy to shun him put into Dabul Tellez returned to Goa and being there at Anchor four great Holland Ships appeared before the Port he went out and having fought two days forced them to lighten their Loading the better to escape This done he enters the Port again and a Squadron of 10 Sail of the Enemy was seen at his Heels the Disadvantage being too great it was not thought expedient to fight them 3. This Year was signalized with a Miracle that happen'd with a Crucifix There is a Monastery of Nuns at Goa in the Arch of their Choir facing the Nuns was placed a Crucifix the Workmanship whereof was not liked because the Eyes were quite shut and the Knees too high On the first Friday of Lent after the usual Procession some Nuns being at Prayers in the Choir distinctly saw the Image open its Eyes the Women frighted cried out and all the other Religious with the Father Confessor resorted thither and before Midnight all of them saw the Eyes open 26 times and sometimes the Body and Cross seemed to move the Mouth opened as if it spoke and Blood ran from the Temples and Wounds Some part of these Wonders were seen several days till on a Tuesday the Church being full of People they all saw what the Nuns had seen for the Body of the Image turned to one side The Bishop and Inquisitors were Witnesses of much of this Motion and the whole was confirmed by the Asseveration of all the Citizens The Eyes remained half open the Knees stretched lower the Feet falling and dragging the Nail after them and the whole
Body of the Image appeared more beautiful 4. Only two Ships sailed from Portugal this Year for India whereof one was put into Lisbon again D. Hierome Chingala who now called himself Sufo that had lost the Kingdom of Mombaça as has been related appeared about this time in the Island Madagascar When he fled he carried with him above 400 Christians and sold them on the Coast of Arabia obliging many to turn Mabometans After wandering on that Coast he returned towards Africk and landed at Madagascar where the King of Massalaye and Moors of Pate favoured him The News hereof being brought to Moçambique the Inhabitants of that Town resolved to attack him They fitted out 10 Ships and some other small Vessels in which were about 60 Portugueses and 110 Cafres commanded by Andrew Borges and Antony de Oliveyra who were to obey Rocque Borges that was about that Coast. 5. On the 17th of May the Cafres landed to discover Sufo's Works where they slew some Men and brought the Heads of three losing one Man Borges resolved to assault the Works next day leaving the Care of the Vessels to Iohn Gomez Suarez a secure Man that he might have a Retreat in case of any Misfortune The Men marched half a League through Bogs up to the Knees at the foot of a Mountain Sufo met them with a multitude of Blacks After a resolute Fight Sufo retired so orderly that Borges suspected it was to draw him into some Ambush wherefore after 4 hours Engagemeâ—…t finding it impossible to overcome by reason of the multitude of Enemies and disadvantage of Ground he withdrew to the Ships having killed many of the Blacks without losing one Man Suarez had not been idle there for 1000 Blacks and Moors of Pate had assaulted the Ships but were repulsed with considerable loss Our Commander carried the War along the Coast burning some Towns and 15 large Vessels besides the small whereof he saved much Rigging Ammunition and Cannon 6. On the 21st of Ianuary Antony Tellez obtained leave to set out to fight the Hollanders who upbraided us with Cowardice After 8 hours Dispute the Enemy gave way Our Admiral meeting them again about the middle of February in the Northern Sea had the like success 7. At Malaca the Feuds were so great between the Commander of the Town and Admiral of the Coast that the latter shot an Uncle of the other This encouraged the King of Achem to break with us imprisoning Francis de Sousa Castro who resided there as Ambassador and killing all the Portugueses about his Court Malaca being much distressed for want of Provisions and the Viceroy endeavouring to relieve it News came that our Commander at Damama was dead whereupon it was found necessary to divide that Relief Four Galleons were sent to Malaca and Antony Tellez the Hero of these Times with 500 Men half of them Soldiers to Damam Tellez went no farther than Bacaim understanding there that the Peace offered by the Mogol was concluded 8. Two Ships sailed from Lisbon for India About the end of Iune died the Viceroy Peter de Silva An Inventary being made of what he was worth it was censured to be too much for the little time he had to get it He held the Government almost four Years was the 28th Viceroy and 53d Governour the third of the Name and first of the Sirname CHAP. XIV The Government of Antony Tellez de Silva from the Year 1639 till 1640. 1. ANtony Tellez de Silva served in India with much Valour and had been successful against the Hollanders as has been related He was named to succeed in the Government in one of the Royal Patents which were opened upon the Death of the Viceroy Peter de Silva others also were appointed whose Names were not known to the Military Men they might perhaps be singular for Sanctity which when real is very private But because Antony Tellez was then absent D. F. Francis of the Martyrs Archbishop of Goa who was one of those before-mentioned took upon him to Govern in his Name He sent Tellez Advice of his Election and the mean while employed himself in fitting out 12 Men of War and some Victuallers to relieve Malaca 2. At the same time 9 Holland Ships entring the River of Goa fired three of our Galleons that were at Murmugam without the least opposition because the Fort was quite destitute of Men and Ammunition Then arrived the Governour Antony Tellez storming at this unlucky Accident not so much for the greatness of the Loss as for Shame that the Enemy should compass their Ends in our Harbour without sustaining the least harm 3. After this Misfortune News was brought that two Enemies united were in sight of Malaca the Dutch with 12 Men of War and King of Achem with 25 Galleys The Governour was taken up making greater Preparations to remedy these Disasters than the low condition of India seemed to promise when one came to succeed him in the Government which he held not long because it would have been for the advantage of India He was the 53d Governour third of the Name and second of the Sirname CHAP. XV. Of the Viceroy John de Silva Tello who went for India in the Year 1640. 1. JOhn de Silva Tello who had Commanded the famous Place of Mazagam on the Coast of Africk and done good Service there was now made Viceroy of India and sailed from Lisbon with two Ships and two Pinks He received the Sword from Antony Tellez de Silva then Governing who presently imbarqued for Portugal and so India lost him he not thinking it proper to serve as Admiral where he had been Governour Other Authors will write the Actions of the Viceroy Iohn de Silva Tello for he begins his Task where I end mine which is at the end of the Fatal Year 1640 the Period of my Labours I will only reckon him the 28th Viceroy 54th Governour the fifth of the Name and third of the Sirname The End of the Fourth Part. A short Account of what the Portugueses are possest of between the Cape of Good Hope and China of the several Dignities Commands and Revenues in the said Possessions and of the Religious Houses in those Parts 1. THE Portugues Empire to the Eastward extends from the Cape of Good Hope in Africk to Cape Liampo in China distant from one another 4000 Leagues along the Sea-Coasts without including the Shores of the Red Sea and Persian Golph which make about 1200 Leagues Between this space lies half Africk and all Asia with innumerable Islands adjoining to those two vast Parts of the World These 4000 Leagues are divided into seven Parts The 1st is bounded by the Cape of Good Hope and the Mouth of the Red Sea the 2d by the Mouth of the Red Sea and Persian Golph the 3d by that Golph and the River Indus the 4th by that River and Cape Comorij the 5th by that Cape and the River Ganges the 6th by Ganges and