Selected quad for the lemma: enemy_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
enemy_n	foot_n	horse_n	squadron_n	1,059	5	11.6685	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A19256	The prospectiue glasse of vvarre Shevving you a glimpse of vvarres mystery, in her admirable stratagems, policies, wayes; in victualling of an armie, prouiding money to pay souldiers, finding out the enemies purposes, traps, and stratagems: ordering of marches, framing of battails, sundry fights, retreats, and the like, to auoide battell or fight. Furnished with argument to encourage and skill to instruct. By C.E. Warre is a schoole of necesary knowledge.	Cooke, Edward, fl. 1626-1631.	1628 (1628)	STC 5669; ESTC S120766	26,668	55

Battels send onely a small or conuenient company to persue the chase and with the rest inuade quickely some part of his Army fighting with any one of your Battels This must of necessitie be done for sundry victories haue beene lost vpon this occasion that when one Battell hath ouerthrowne his first encountered Enemies Battell it hath immediately followed the chase and not holpen his owne fellowes in danger Likewise in your first ioyning of Battell if your foreward gaine the victory ioyne your other Battels immediately whilst comfort is on your side on your Enemies discomfort This got Bucoy the victory at Prague 6. If your Footmen be vehemently oppressed with your Enemies footmen send your horsemen to inuade the sides of your Enemies and with them some shot to hold them play but if you can plant a peece of Ordnance against their flanke it will much abate their courage 7. If your Enemies come vpon you vnprouided and vnlooked for send your Horsemen or shot to skirmish with them whilst you intend to make you ready for Battell Also your Horse may extend themselues into a deepe Heirse battell for to inuade your Enemies with their more trouble and stay 8. Or to deceiue your Enemies march towards them with a company of Horse and make semblance of fight as if the whole Army followed The Enemy at this will stand your battels in the meane time be set you by this may outface the Enemy and returne againe without fight 9. Then being in good order if your occasion be such that you would not haue your Enemies vnderstand of your orders and policies cause you Horsemen to run vp and down the dust to let their fight Doe the like if you haue planted and ordered your Army all in stratagems 10. If your Enemies maine battell doe vrge very valiantly your foreward and his other battell be not ready to helpe or rescue cause both your other battels one on the one side and the other on the other side freshly to inuade your Enemies maine battell and herein you shall doe wisely imitating your predecessours the braue English at the battell of Poytiers 11. If you hauing a small and weake number and you vnderstand that your Enemies goe for to distresse a certaine aide comming to helpe you where you be sent after the Enemy to inuade the backes of them when they be fighting with your aide comming set not you on rashly vpon your Enemies before your time appointed for if you fight with your enemies so being stronger before your aide haue set vpon their Front you foolishly cast away your selues and also leaue your aide in danger and by your vntimely rash and vnwarlike onset bereaue your selues of your aide and helpe And withall you much comfort your Enemies who might haue beene discomforted for if you had obserued your discipline and purpose you should haue followed your Enemy closely with as little noyse as might be vntill your Enemies had set vpon your ayde then in the heat of their fight you should haue set vpon their backes before your Enemies were knowing of your comming which kinde of dealing had beene most hurtfull to your Enemies commodious to your Ayde and profitable to your selues for warlike discipline is that a weaker company neuer fight with a greater strength without a speciall aduantage of time occasion and place for to helpe you Also neuer to breake your aduised determinate purpose without you be either enforced either drawne to fight by occasion of some notable accident offered by chance Accident will happen for in warres no most certaine rule can be appointed which is not broken by some meanes at some seuerall times therefore wait time and so I proceede to other Councell 12. If you abound in number couet to compasse your Enemies and to distresse them being weake 13. If your Enemies abound in number prouide by order or stratagem or place that your Enemies cannot compasse you 14. Plant your Campe or Army to fight in a very strong ground by nature and helpe it by Art 15. Some haue vsed to choose their ground fortified by nature as Prosper Colonno 16. Some haue no regard of the strength of the place by nature but choose rather to fortifie all wholly by Art and industry as the ancient Romans 17. Some seeke places somewhat by nature strong and by Art and industry make them more stronger They fortifie themselues as well in Fight as in Campe which the good Captaines of our time doe vsually 18. Therefore if you be vnwilling to fight and your Enemies must needes fight with you by your industry make a ditch three foot deepe and fiue or sixe foot broad and cast the earth towards you which ditch if you thinke good let it be especially in the Front also in the sides and on your backes also as Prosper Colonno would often dot 19. Which Ditch if it haue sundry places open and free for your Enemies to enter of no great space it shall encourage them there to enter where if you prouide some stratagem against them you doe well The fittest stratagem for this occasion is to place certaine Companies before the gaps and certaine Ordnance behinde them to be discharged when they open in the midst 20. Whereupon if your Enemies desist vrge them hardly onely make a faire shew but proceede no further For you are not to put your confidence in such weake fortification nor in the arrogancy of your men to fight by arrogancy many Armies are ouerthrowne where by wisedome many are saued I present you the Figure of such an Intrenched Battell to peruse in the next page following but you may doe as you please 21. If your Company be small and your Enemy haue great store of Horsemen against you so that you be likely to loose the Battell if your Enemies againe set vpon you if any great Wood be neere seeke to saue your Army by the thicknesse of the same Wood and suffer your Enemies to gaine your Ordnance and Baggage and Victuals that they spoyling the same you may the better escape 22. Likewise when you haue a Battell more then the Enemies diuide it into two parts and where you see any danger among your Enemies send first one A Foure-Fronted Battell for Stratagem being enuironed with a Ditch THe Ditch is 6. foot broad and 3. foot deepe It hath foure gaps for sallyes twentie paces broad to allure the Enemy there to enter It hath at euery gap fiue battalions of 300. a peece it hath a field Peece behinde euery middle battell euery middle battell must open in the midst before the Peece doe discharge then the Horse must issue forth vpon the Enemy for this cause the Horse haue their place in the midst remote from the Foot diuided into foure squadrons in the forme of a crosse ready faced to the gaps being in all 1600. the foot 6000. If you will haue no Horse in the midst then diuide them into 8 troupes place them for wings in an euen front

furniture for your warres which furniture can stay your laying out of much expence 9. Seeme to such a Confederate to deferre your warres that you may the better wring forth of him greater summes It may bee he may proue like Lodowicke Sforza Duke of Millan This Duke seeing Charles the eight make no haste to inuade Naples according vnto promise because Lodowicke was to worke a feate by Charles his comming which otherwise hee was very hardly to do he sent his sonne in Law with a braue Captaine into France vnto the King offering him money shippes horsemen and many other things of great importance which the King accepted and for that cause before did stay the warre Thus much of this which shall suffice for the wayes of getting of money to pay souldiers and likewise for victualling your Army I will now shew the wayes by which you may finde out your Enemies purposes Trapps and Stratagems To doe which well obserue these precepts 1. First you are to suspect vehemently or else to feare how your Enemy hath an invention by some subtiltie or politique stratagem or inuention or else some crafty deceite or wile to entrap beguile or ouerthrow your Army 2. Next for such intents or purposes you should entertaine very good and sundry espialls who by all meanes are to be very attentiue inquisitiue curious liberall suspitious and bold 3. Which especially should remaine or abide neer the Court of your Enemy or else neere vnto the Army of your Enemies or in some friends Country of your Enemies or neere some neighbour of your Enemies or in the way of your Enemies or else a Common Trauellor or else a Studient in the Land of the Enemies or a subiect of reputation in the Land of your Enemies or else a Merchant or common seller of wares or a Barber or a Victualler in your Enemies Country 5 Which kinde of espialls you are neuer to trust throughly but euer to bee iealous of them and to weigh and conferre their reports with the reports of other espialls and with likely-hoods oppertunities and reasons Haue espialls continually if it be possible in your Enemies Army The Langraue with other Captaines of the Germans against the Emperour Charles the first by name had in Charles his Army ●00 good Espials whereby he almost euery houre had certaine knowledge what was done or said in Charles his Campe or Tents Charles the first Emperour lacked good Espials for which cause he left many things vndone which had beene for his singular profit if hee had knowne of such occasions Therefore prouide you good Espialls which Espials are so necessary in the wars as any thing else for by them you shall vnderstand how your Enemie will fight what hee will doe against your Army Marching Fighting or Flying Which motions or rather principall heads of the Art of warre shall be handled in the foure next Chapters following CHAP. II. How a Commander or Generall should order his March both by day and night for the saftie of his Army How passe Woodes Hills and Riuers beset or not beset with Enemies With many other necessary circumstances appertaining to Marches I Am now to enter by degrees vpon these foure principall heads of the Art of warre namely Marching Embattelling Fighting and Flying from an Enemie All which I will deliuer with as good method plainnesse and breuitie as I can I am to begin with Marching wherein I pray obserue my method and order which shall be fiirst by precept to prescribe it Then by Example to approue it Example being the life of precept I begin 1. In Marching you must bee very mistrustfull of your Enemie lest he entrap you with Ambushes 2. You must therefore appoint some to march before to discouer suspected places as Woodes Mountaines Forests Rockes Banckes of Riuers Caues Hills hollow and deepe wayes The most of which are rough and intricate and scarce passable for the heauy Armed and horse 3. The fittest for this seruice are your Musketteers I and your Dragons to ioyne with them for they may alight from their Horses and serue on foot 4. You must march sometimes in one forme sometimes in another according to the place and occasion offered Example Alexander at the Riuer Granicus marched with his horse foremost to passe the Riuer and to assaile the Persians who had opposed their Horse against him on the bankes 5. Marching through the streights to fight the battaile of Issos he marched with his Horse behinde his Foot because he was vncertaine how neere the Enemy lay and was loath to put them to hazzard before they had libertie of ground to order themselues and might haue assistance of the Foot At the Riuer of Ister hee did the like for hauing past the Riuer hee marched through a Corne field and therefore so marshalled them for feare of an Ambush Otherwise it was his custome in marching as it is the manner also at this day to dispose his Horse halfe behinde and halfe before the Carriage in the midst or Otherwise But how to March properly both by day and by night with your Carriage truely placed and euery thing rightly ordered is a point worthy to be taken notice of Briefely thus Being to March in the day obserue the manner of March now in vse 7. Let some Dragons and Musketteers march before to represse the Enemies incursions and to search Woods and Forrests for Ambushes and to surprise straight Wayes Bridges and Foords Send after them your Pyoneers to mend the wayes to cut the woods that are in the way least by bad way the Army be tyred 8. Let the Foot of the Vantguard or right wing follow enery battalion there of in order hauing halfe the horse of the Army before them and all their baggage and Carriage behinde them 9. After let the battalions of the battell follow with all their baggage and carriage in the Reare as the former Let the battalions of the Reareward or left wing follow with all their baggage or carriage behinde them Let euery one of the battalions haue their shoot before and behinde And let the remainder of your Horse bring vp the Reare As for your Ordnance distribute that as your Carriage both behinde the Vantgard the battell and the Rereward the better to serue against all attempts 10. At night quarter the Battalions of the Vantgard all in one place those of the Battell all in another and those of the Reareward all by themselues but not too farre a sunder for feare of danger 11. In the morning being to dislodge First shoot off one peece of Ordnance a little after that another and so a third in his time Shooting the first the Army takes notice you will dislodge therefore they trusse vp their baggage and load it Shooting the second they take vp their Armes and fall into ranke shooting the third they set forward to march Thus Graue Maurice did dislodge his Souldiers Vespatian did it by the sound of a Trumpet as Iosephus doth

report in the third Booke of his Antiquities Chap. 3. 12. Being to march in the night obserue the Graecian order Send your baggage and carriage before with a sufficient guard Then follow first with your Pikemen then with your light Armed being Musketteers next with all your Horse in the reare the better by breake of day to come all together into one place as ought to be This way your Army in the night is easily kept together and is soonest espied if it breake 13. Being to inuade an Enemies Countrie march with your Carriage in the Reare When you doe dismarch from an Enemies Countrie let your Carriage be in the Front vnlesse great store of Enemies be suspected to intercept it then you must place it in the midst 14. Now in fight you may dispose of it fiue manner of wayes either before the Army or behinde or on the one flanke or on the other or in the midst Before the Army when you feare to be charged behinde behinde the Army when you lead towards the Enemy when you feare to be charged in Flanke on the contrary side in the midst when a hollow battell is needfull and fit This last was practised by S r Horatio Vere in the Pallatinate and by the Graecians as Zenophon doth record in his third booke of the Ascent of Cyrus 15. Being to march through a wood obserue Zenophons counsell Let your Foot and Horse in order single themselues as the way fals out and you shall make your passage the more secure and easie Zenophon did thus as you may read in his sixt book of the Ascent of Cyrus 16. It were not amisse to haue some Musketteers to march on the sides of the Wood to secure the rest within 17. If your Enemy be in a Wood Fenne Hill Fort Towne or other place of strength that admitteth no accesse send your Musketteers to shew themselues and with a brauado to toule him out of his aduantage and bring him into the field where he may the more easily be dealt withall with these Musketteers send some Horse to set vpon him if he dare to venture forth Example Alexander leading his Army against the Tribals that had hid themselues in a wood commanded his Archers and slingers to run out and shoot and sling among the Barbarians to see if he could toule them into the plaine The Archers and slingers spared not to let flye and the Tribals being wounded with arrows threw themselues out of the wood with all speed to fall vpon the vnarmed Archers Then Alexander with his Horse presently charged them and being ouerborne by the Horse they fled through the Wood to the Riuer 18. Alexander whensoeuer he was to vse expedition marched away with the Horse and light armed leauing the Armed to come after The Armed are for a firme and stedfast fight not for Concursions 19. Being then forsome farre yet sodaine attempt leaue your Pikemen behinde and march away with your Horse and Musketeers for when celeritie is requisite who so fit to be imployed as they who haue nothing to hinder their speed 20. Being to march against an Enemy in his owne Countrie giue the word to come to such a Prouince but Inuade another by this you shall deceiue your Enemy Agesilaus to deceiue Tisaphernes made countenance as though he would first inuade Caria whereupon Tisaphernes gathered all his power together but Agesilaus on a sodaine returned backe againe and entred into Phrygia tooke there many Cities and won great spoile 21. Many Generals besides Agesilaus haue done the like then be not you carelesse of it for by such a plot the Enemy some other time may perchance be drawne to deceiue himselfe Example Agesilaus vpon another time gaue out that he would enter Lydia not meaning to deceiue Tisaphernes againe but Tisaphernes deceiued himself and thought he would haue inuaded Caria a woodie Countrey very ill for horsemen in which he was the weaker but Agesilaus tooke the champion Countrey of Lydia contrary to his expectation so that Tisaphernes was inforced to come with all the speed that might be to the rescue thereof therefore leauing all his Foot behinde him he came stealing vpon them with his Horse Agesilaus vnderstanding by his men that Tisaphernes was come and had made some slaughter of such as were found stragling abroad out of order imagined with himselfe that the footmen of his Enemies could not yet be arriued therefore with all speed he thrust in among the horsemen which he had his light armed footmen and commanded them straight to charge the Enemy whilst he caused the heauy armed men to follow at their heeles as they did but Tisaphernes men fled vpon it immediately and Agesilaus men lustily followed the chase tooke his Campe and made a great slaughter of them that fled 22. Being in an Enemies Countrie march in battell array and let your Pyoners worke the harder for a long march here is dangerous Send Horse and Musketeers a good way before to search the hils and to surprise them from the Enemy 23. In marching betweene Mountaines and Hils see that your Vantgard succour your Rereward your Rereward the Vantgard if your Enemies goe about to intercept or molest you marching Zenophon and Cherisophus did thus against the Carduchans Obserue the manner The Carduchans by fighting took the streights which lay in their way and indeauoured to hinder and shut vp their march but when they opposed against the Vant Zenophon from the Reate ascending the Mountaines and gaining the vpper ground remoued all the impediments the Enemy could cast vpon the way when against the Reare Cherisophus ascending vp tooke the vpper ground likewise and freed the way from them that came behinde So they alwayes succoured and had mutuall care one of another 24. Lighting in your March vpon deepe and impassible Riuers and hauing no Boats to make Bridges to waffe you ouer marching further to the heads of the Riuers you may goe ouer without wetting your knees Zenophon in the third Booke of the Ascent of Cyrus 25. Being come to some passable Riuer where the currant runnes exceeding strong cause your Horse to breake the waters and then let your Foot march ouer but sheltered on each side with the Horse 26. If the currant be ouer bigge so that you cannot waide ouer cut the same Riuer in diuers places and turne it into the landward with other currants and you may passe ouer with ease 27. Being to passe a great Riuer where the Enemy on the bankes stands to intercept your passage to withdraw him from thence and to deceiue him seeme to leaue the attempt and march away then hauing left some behinde you to make a Bridge vnknowne to the Enemy returne when you see your time and passe your men ouer with ease Example Caesar hauing his Army on a banke of a Riuer in France and his passage being let of Vergintorige a Frenchman the which on the other side of the Riuer had his men marched

when the King had the better would presently giue vpon his Flanks so snatcht the victory out of his hands hauing neither Horse nor seconds to recouer it The Argonians haue diuided their Army into fiue Battels which battels in forme of straight or direct hornes were extended from the great battell or midle-ward But these were partly Horse and Foote The Heluetians haue martialed their Army into three battels without Horse or seconds sometimes into one battell onely of footmen which was their vsuall forme by custome But not to be imitated The Spaniard haue martialed their Army into two battels one of footmen in one winge and another of horsemen in another winge all in an euen Front Now they do otherwise The Ancient Romanes haue martialed their Armed foote into three Battels The first subsisting of the Hastatij the second of the Principes the third of the Triarij with Velites to either of them and Horse in the winges How their Velites light Armed men were placed being too weake to deale with Horsemen or armed Foote without aduantage I will shew you hereafter Some haue ordered a weake battell of Foot or horsemen against a strong battell of their Enemies Foote or Horsemen thereby to bring their Enemies strength into some stratagem which was wisely done by the great Captaine Gonsaluo against the Frenchmen This Gonsaluo sent a noble Spaniard called Mondotius against the Generall of the Frenchmen to fight with his Reareward which Mondotius had a company of light horsemen for to inuade the Reare of the Frenchmen and with him likewise went two Cohorts of Calliuer-shot which kept company in the front almost with them being extended as in two spred winges Mondotius horse left these shot and inuaded freshly the hindermost of the French The French barbed horsemen with fury set vpon Mondotius light horsemen Mondotius light horsemen retired as though they were not able to encounter the barbed Horsemen thus flying caused the barbed horsemen to persue out of order Then the Calliuer-shot keeping aloofe off about a furlong and in forme of a halfe Moone shot of vpon the French barbed horsmen before on the Flanks Gonsaluo thereupon sent a company of his barbed horsemen to the aide of his light horsemen flying his Calliuers fighting Thereupon his light horsemen returned and ioyned with their owne barbed horsemen that came for aide and both of them in order did set vpon the Frenchmen out of order the shot continuing on both sides and backes as before Which kinde of order you see and flying and ayde of the Spaniards was for to bring first such French force to disorder and so thereby to discomfort them the easlier which was done to their mindes The forme of the French Kings battell containing 12000. Foote and 4000. Horse The Horse should haue beene higher placed and more inclining to the three vppermost field Peeces Where you shall see 15. battalions of Foot martialed in a manner after the French Kings forme viz. In the Vantgard or right wing are three battalions of 500. a peece Flanckt with Muskettiers before euery one of which are raunged ten files of Muskettiers three in the right angle three in the left and foure in the midst iust before them euery file containing ten men which shot are to make their way through the interuals of the battalions in the Reare of all there to giue vpon the Enemies Flanks In the Battell are three battalions containing 3000. men a thousand a peece flankt with Muskettiers and with Muskettiers before them in the same fashion as the rest In the Reareward or left winge of the battell are likewise three battalions of 500. a peece Embattailed as the rest with Muskettiers before them in the same forme as the other Behinde these battalions for seconds are foure battalions of 500. a peece standing against the Interuals of their opposite battalions which Interuals are 200. foote broad that the foure battalions may the better passe through them These foure battalions haue shot before them as the former which with the rest may march forth to skirmish with the Enemie or stand still to second them vpon their retreate before the Battels ioyne after being in the Reare to giue vpon your Enemies flanks as the other The rest of the battalions are in Front but twelue foote distance one from another and at three foote order The diuisions of Muskettiers are allowed six foote that they may the better fall through hauing giuen fire In the Reare of all are two battalions of a thousand a peece standing iust behinde the three battalions of the Battell about a furlong of On the Flanks of these are 800 Horse 400. in each flanke oblique wise the better to start forth and inuiron the Enemy In like manner are the Horse martialed in the outward flanks of the rest but in greater numbers peruse the Figure By the winges of these two battalions are two field Peeces ready turned and bent to the Reare to discharge vpon the Enemy if he should with Horse or Foote giue vpon that part if not then these field Peeces may bee with ease brought from thence to some other place to annoy him other wayes As for the rest of the Ordance I haue planted them vpon two Hils opposite against the Enemies flanks thereby to distresse him And for the better performance of this I haue planted 700. Muskettiers to guard them and will ayde them with more if neede be Now against this Battell hauing Ordnance in the Reare and on the Hils to distresse the Enemies Flanks I oppose this Battell following A Battell of 12000. foot and 4000. horse with Ordnance in the midst and on the wings Described in the next page The pricks inclosed with lines are 800. shot to surprise the enemies Ordnance on the hils Here or in the Figure going before you see are sixteene Battalions The Ordnance planted both in the Wings and in the Front of the maine Battell The Ordnance in the maine Battell hath before them 400. Muskettiers ranged in the same forme as the Enemies the better to hide the deceit for so soone as the Muskettiers are cleare of the Battell the Ordnance are to discharge vpon the Enemy to breake his maine Battell and then the other Battels are to march on to charge the Enemy in disorder the Horse are martialled outward on the wings and stand oblique wise to inuiron the Enemy Now before the Horse giue the charge eight hundred Musketties doe sallie forth to surprise the Enemies Ordnance being planting on the hils The Figure doth demonstrate it as plaine as can be with the number of euery battalion onely take notice that the shot before euery battalion are to make their passage through the interuals and sides of the battailes in the Reare of all from thence to giue vpon the Enemies Flankes if occasion be otherwise to aide their own men in the Fight All the shot before the battalions are in number 1200. This appointing of shot for to march before and

Horse with Ordnance on the Hils Reare Flanks THE PROSPECTIVE Glasse of VVARRE CHAP. I. After what manner a Commander or Generall should best prouide Victuals and Mouie to content his Souldiers how to finde out the purposes Trapps and Stratagems of his Enemy VIctuals is the Soule of an Army Money but the Sinewes without the first your Army cannot at all subsist without the second but indifferently but with both admirable well That your Army may haue both Soule and Sinewes thereby to subsist long and well prouide for it good store of victuals and money Likewise prye into the wiles and stratagems of the Enemy in time that it may go well with your Army Which that you may well do these precepts following will direct you aright But first of Victuals Victuals consist first in conuenient prouision of them then in safe keeping and preseruing of them then in good distributing or spending or bestowing of them alwayes All which you must carefully execute if you would not willingly taste of want 1. Prouide for victuals before you vndertake the warre for then is the time of best prouision 2. In your warre begun store your selfe with victuals either neere hand or farre off And conduct it with good and strong conuoyes lest the Enemy surprise it 3. In your Townes of warre either without or within haue great store of Milles to grinde corne to sustaine you the better in a seidge And bee sure to looke well vnto them sufficiently to defend them especially those that are without the Towne 4. If you beseidge Townes or Cities you ought to hurle downe all Milles within and without and to cut of the water from them if you cannot keepe them for your owne vse 5. Prouide that such neighbours as dwell neere vnto you may safely bring victuals into your Campe without danger of the Enemy 6. In case of necessity send your Souldiers into their Prouince to abide be relieued with victuals for a time Example Galli being in some distresse of victuals choose the Citie Attella a Citie full of victuals to stay there vntill by their friends they might bee relieued both with victuals and Souldiers In which Citie their Souldiers for a while were largely relieued and freely with or at the charges of the Cittizens 7. Seeke by all meanes to intercept your Enemies victuals and lay seidge to those places from whence their chiefe reliefe of victuals doth come Example The Captaines of Charles the sift in the warres against the Germans lacked victuals somewhat where on the other side the Germans lying in a plaine fertill Country had plenty of victuals vpon the occasion of the aoundance of the Country being large and partly because certaine friendly Cities and Countries lay behinde them on the otherside of the Riuer For the same purpose Charles the Emperour went about for to gaine the Cities standing about the Riuer from them and so the aduantage of the same Riuer with victuals which was a braue act Like this was that of Francis Sforsa who vnderstanding that the Frenchmen or Army at Nouaro had great comfort of victuals from Biagrassa he beseidged that Towne suddenly tooke it by which occasion hee tooke from them their chiefe victuals And shortly after the French Army was faine to remoue 8. If you are for to iourney towards the warres iourney in a plentifull Country and which hath in long time beene in peace Thus did the French King Charles the eight when he came to the Citie of Ast 9. Also you are to iourney in your Confederates Country and who vpon very great occasion is to desire your society for such will ayde you liberally This was likewise practised by Charles the eight when he inuaded Naples For other wayes of getting of victuals and preseruing them so got peruse these presedents 10. Some Kings Captaines and Generals which haue either taken or saued some Citie which was likely to be lost haue caused their Souldiers to be releiued of victuals in the same in the houses of them which were their Enemies 11. Some haue vsed for to send certaine Captaines of Souldiers into other Cities for to ease the present spending in the place where they were 12. Some haue vsed to send all the poore and impotent people out of their Citie so beseidged that their victuals might last the longer 13. Some would suffer none either to returne or to haue reliefe of victuals Which vnreasonable hard vsage needed not if Gouernors would before hand and before need prepare both for abundance of victuals or else withall take order for the moderate spending of their victuals For negligence of prouision of victuals in time and mispending or else lacke of good keeping or ordering them which you haue should be well seene vnto I pretermit this And I fall vpon the prouision of money for the payment of your Souldiers wages Hauing money sufficient it is best to pay your Souldiers beforehand or monthly 1. If you be bare of money pay some wages and procure that the Souldiers may haue victuals good cheape all the while you lacke money or imploy them where continuall spoyle may be had 2. If you haue little money pay a part of that openly in the hands of such souldiers as are most likely to make a Mutiny 3. Some Generals when as their souldiers haue beene ready to reuoult or mutiny for lacke of pay haue straight way brought them to the battell for this purpose if victory happened on their side they would pay their souldiers of the spoyle of their Enemies or else if their Army were ouerthrowne then they should be cleerely and well discharged of the grieuous and dangerous complaint 4. Some haue caused the Cittizens of Cities to receiue souldiers into their houses for to giue vnto them meate drinke and lodging and to giue wages vnto the same souldiers Thus did Anthony de Leua at Millan This was he that forbad all his Cittizens for to eate any bread but onely such as should bee bought of him For which purpose he appointed in euery streete certaine houses where bread should be sold at what price he lusted and none durst do the contrary By which kinde of means he got into his hands all such kinde of money as any Citizen of Millan had in his Chests or else could make or reserue by any meanes or wayes with which he payd his souldiers This was his way but some haue found other wayes besides these 5. Some Generals haue gaged all their plate and Iewels vnto rich monyed men to pay their souldiers 6. Some Kings haue borrowed all the Iewels and ornaments of certaine great Ladies or Estates which were their friends and kinsmen and haue pawned the same to Vsurers for to pay their souldiers 7. Borrow largely of your Confederates money who seeketh your society in his warres for his speciall purpose The French King Charles the 8. could do this passing well 8. Seeke of such a Confederate any other ayde or

THE Prospectiue Glasse of VVARRE Shevving you a glimps of VVarres Mystery in her admirable Stratagems Policies Wayes in Victualling of an ARMIE prouiding Money to pay Souldiers finding out the Enemies Purposes Traps and Stratagems Ordering of Marches Framing of Battails sundry Fights Retreats and the like to auoide Battell or Fight Furnished with Argument to encourage and Skill to Instruct By C. E. Warre is a Schoole of necessary Knowledge LONDON Printed for Michael Sparke dwelling at the signe of the blue Bible in Greone-Arbor 1628. TO THE HONORABLE Sir IOHN COOKE Knight Principall Secretarie of State to his Maiestie SIR AS shape beautifies an Image so good actions commend a man That which did commend Lucullus most was this Hee would rather deliuer a Roman Citizen from the hands of his enemy then win all that his enemies had in their power Lucullus in this did conquer himselfe as Alexander did in containing from Darius his most faire wife and daughters and Caesar in sparing to punish his greatest enemies To whom Cicero said that in other Victories Fortune Policy Souldiers might claime a part but in this he alone should haue all the glorie Glorie Thirst of prey and loue of Country were the three things that set all the Romans vpon admirable action The first is counted but a Vice the second no better then Theft the third is the Vertue Heroicall In this Vertue Cicero excelled the other three and therefore was honoured with this Epitaph Pater Patriae He was called Father of his Country because he kept it from decay All those that in their Consultations doe seeke the benefit of their Country doe deserue the like like reward and praise You then Sir are to be praised and honoured of all men whose Consultations tend to the benefit of the whole Kingdome hauing obtained a Conquest of your selfe being a Christian far aboue that of Lucullus and Caesars Therfore you shall attaine a most sure triumph the guide of whose Chariot shall be Grace giuen from aboue and Glory that shall neuer faile you It is reported of Roscius the Tragedian that men durst not aduenture to Act in a Tragedie in his sight because of his excellencie in that facultie And shall I dare to discourse of Warre or any other subiect before so great a Statesman so learned exquesite a Mathematician as your selfe Behold I were blanckt and should stand as Queene Hester did dead in all mens opinion did not your Septer of benignitie giue me life and tell me that you are a Fauoror of Arts and Armes Therefore I take courage and prostrate this my poore labor to Kisse your Honorable hands not as any addition to your vncontroleable and approued knowledge but as a weake Fabrick which onely wanteth the support of your much admired goodnesse Pleaseth it you therefore to accept my Booke to peruse and allow of the same that it may the more safely come abroad and thereby deserue the better fauour and acceptance of all the Readers thereof as allowed of him whose Noble acts as well within the Realme as without haue alwayes from time to time so well appeared So I shall be the more boldned and encouraged to take the like paines hereafter if good and meet occasion may serue there vnto Euer vowed to you Honourable Sir in all dutifull seruice Edward Cooke The Preface to the Reader Iudicious Reader IT is not the least but the greatest kinde of folly when a man hauing but a little science presumeth to teach not onely those which haue onely science but such as haue most certaine experience For mine owne part among many I am most free from this guilt though for the good of many I haue published this Treatise which will make me thereby seeme guiltie Yet I confesse the Booke or Treatise is a collection of such notes as haue bin by me selected out of the best Tacticke writers both Ancient and Moderne All which I haue illustrated with examples and precepts the better to instruct all yong Commanders who by reading them may get much knowledge But it may be these braue spirits are minded to get knowledge by experience and not to ioyne experience vnto knowledge therefore they affect the bloody fields of Africke better then the beautifull Schooles in Greece Well let them doe so but in my opinion it seemes a farre better and shorter way for them to attaine to the name of worthy perfect Captaines to ioyne experience vnto knowledge then to get knowledge by Experience For Mans life is short and subiect to many casualties oftentimes it is cut off before it can come to any such perfection as is required in an excellent man of War whereas small experience with diligent reading and perfect learning of feats of Warre may frame and make many politicke Captaines in a small time I doe not meane that knowledge without experience can doe any great thing at all but being ioyned both together doubtlesse they may be as able to bring to passe as great and as merueilous things in valiant men in these our dayes as they haue done to others before our time To which not only experience alone brought them but diligent learning and study of the Art of Warre written and set forth by Historicall Writers and Poets Innumerable are the Bookes which this age doth afford of the like subiect for their direction the number of which I haue augmented by two namely The Character of Warre and The Prospectiue Glasse of Warre The Character of Warre doth instruct them in the vse of the Postures in the vse of Facing Wheeling Countermarching Doubling Distances and the like And how to Command a Company The prospectiue Glasse of Warre doth instruct them how to Victuall an Army how to prouide money to pay Souldiers how to finde out the enemies purposes Traps and Stratagems how to direct an Army to march either by day or by night how to Embattell how to behaue themselues in battell when to fight when to auoide fight with many other excellent things worthy of their knowledge Then let them read and reading they will learne to iudge aright of the Author who puts a difference betweene the state of Philosophers and the state of Captaines betweene the skill to read in Schooles and the knowledge to rule an Army between the science that wise men haue in Books and the experience that others haue in war betweene the skill to write with the pen and others to write with the sword betweene one that for his pastime is set round with deskes of Bookes and another in perill of life encompassed with troopes of enemies Therefore presumes not to teach any such graue experienced Souldiers onely records what they haue done or can doe which he recounts to others to imitate who it may be haue neither seene nor read them Spare not then to iudge and censure him who will euer remaine thine C. E. Hiss Hiss A Battell both with Seconds and Ayds for all attempts containing 12000. Foote and 4000.