leisurely_o retreat_v and_o when_o they_o be_v distress_v make_v as_o though_o they_o will_v charge_v hold_v out_o a_o multitude_n of_o pike_n every_o way_n to_o the_o amazement_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o dare_v not_o approach_v they_o the_o like_a may_v be_v do_v by_o our_o within_o our_o that_o be_v the_o hollow_a square_n wheâ—e_v the_o pike_n be_v without_o and_o the_o musketeer_n within_o battle_n if_o it_o shall_v be_v charge_v as_o that_o be_v thus_o much_o to_o face_n one_fw-mi stand_v now_o to_o face_n and_o march_v march_v ☞_o off_o face_n and_o march_v when_o we_o face_n and_o march_v it_o be_v to_o show_v our_o soldier_n how_o we_o can_v upon_o deliberation_n as_o occasion_n serve_v prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o fall_v on_o our_o right_n or_o left_a wing_n by_o bring_v it_o to_o some_o river_n or_o such_o like_a place_n of_o strength_n for_o succour_n whereby_o the_o enemy_n can_v have_v no_o way_n to_o encompass_v it_o which_o we_o do_v by_o bid_v they_o first_o to_o 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the_o two_o army_n with_o calthrop_n he_o command_v therefore_o the_o right_a wing_n which_o himself_o lead_v to_o turn_v face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o to_o follow_v he_o to_o the_o end_n to_o go_v round_o about_o and_o avoid_v the_o place_n that_o be_v strew_v with_o calthrope_n darius_n march_v against_o he_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n disjoin_v his_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o alexander_n take_v the_o advantage_n and_o glue_v in_o quick_o betwixt_o the_o space_n put_v darius_n to_o flight_n here_o you_o see_v the_o event_n of_o it_o and_o what_o a_o victory_n alexander_n gain_v thereby_o if_o he_o have_v face_v and_o stand_v still_o what_o will_v it_o avail_v he_o have_v he_o march_v foreright_o he_o have_v fall_v upon_o the_o calthrope_n but_o by_o face_v and_o then_o march_v upon_o it_o he_o effect_v all_o first_o he_o avoid_v the_o ground_n where_o the_o calthrope_n lay_v by_o face_v and_o march_v forth_o than_o he_o reduce_v they_o again_o to_o their_o first_o posture_n by_o face_v they_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n afterward_o take_v his_o advantage_n he_o go_v on_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o so_o defeat_v the_o enemy_n why_o alexander_n make_v choice_n only_o of_o this_o motion_n be_v not_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o because_o necessity_n make_v he_o to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o motion_n when_o no_o other_o will_v serve_v countermarch_v have_v be_v ridiculous_a so_o have_v double_v wheel_v have_v be_v in_o vain_a nay_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o have_v wheel_v the_o ground_n be_v so_o scanty_a between_o he_o and_o the_o calthrope_n his_o phalange_n of_o so_o great_a a_o breadth_n and_o the_o enemy_n so_o nigh_o yet_o say_v he_o have_v wheel_v have_v have_v ground_n sufficient_a he_o must_v have_v be_v force_v have_v wheel_v to_o have_v face_v withal_o and_o march_v further_o out_o then_o wheel_v again_o or_o else_o to_o no_o purpose_n so_o have_v fail_v of_o his_o expedition_n thus_o you_o see_v how_o fit_a this_o motion_n serve_v alexander_n turn_n and_o by_o it_o may_v learn_v to_o make_v like_o use_n of_o it_o upon_o like_a occasion_n another_o singular_a use_n of_o this_o motion_n be_v to_o get_v the_o upper_a ground_n from_o the_o enemy_n this_o be_v find_v practise_v by_o philopaeman_n the_o achaean_n general_n when_o machanidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a tyrant_n have_v put_v his_o left_a wing_n to_o flight_n yet_o he_o by_o this_o mean_v restore_v the_o battle_n and_o withal_o obtain_v the_o victory_n 634_o polybius_n lib._n 11._o 634_o polybius_n describe_v the_o manner_n of_o it_o thus_o the_o fight_n be_v begin_v between_o machanidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a tyrant_n and_o philopaeman_n the_o achaean_n general_n it_o happen_v that_o machanidas_n have_v the_o better_a for_o he_o have_v put_v the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o achaean_n mercenary_n to_o flight_n follow_v hard_o the_o chase_n philopaeman_n as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v any_o hope_n endeavour_v to_o stay_v his_o man_n when_o he_o see_v they_o utter_o defeat_v he_o haste_v to_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n busy_a in_o the_o chase_n and_o the_o place_n void_a where_o the_o fight_n have_v be_v command_v the_o first_o man_n first_o a_o merarchy_n consist_v of_o 2048_o man_n merarchy_n to_o turn_v their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a â—â—and_n he_o lead_v they_o on_o with_o high_a speed_n not_o yet_o break_v the_o order_n of_o their_o imbattel_v and_o quick_o seize_v upon_o the_o forsake_a ground_n he_o both_o cut_v betwixt_o they_o that_o give_v chase_v and_o home_n and_o withal_o get_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o upper_a ground_n against_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o arm_a whereby_o he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n â—5_n captain_n bingham_n upon_o the_o same_o motion_n aelian_a chap._n â—5_n if_o philopaeman_n have_v in_o this_o action_n use_v wheel_v of_o his_o battle_n which_o only_o be_v the_o other_o motion_n which_o will_v have_v serve_v his_o turn_n beside_o the_o troublesomnesse_n of_o the_o wind_a about_o he_o shall_v have_v be_v force_v to_o have_v use_v two_o wheeling_n and_o so_o fail_v of_o the_o celerity_n which_o be_v at_o time_n requisite_a face_n be_v turn_v in_o a_o trice_n and_o he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o the_o ground_n he_o desire_v before_o he_o can_v have_v wheel_v once_o his_o battle_n beside_o to_o have_v face_v and_o stand_v still_o have_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n but_o face_v and_o march_v on_o be_v to_o some_o purpose_n as_o you_o have_v hear_v thus_o you_o see_v what_o facing_n be_v general_a of_o the_o use_n of_o face_v in_o general_a how_o it_o be_v the_o easy_a of_o all_o motion_n but_o of_o no_o less_o importance_n or_o necessity_n how_o it_o may_v be_v do_v in_o a_o trice_n though_o the_o enemy_n come_v very_o sudden_o upon_o we_o though_o he_o encompass_v both_o our_o wing_n though_o he_o environ_v we_o round_o with_o foot_n and_o horse_n yet_o we_o may_v face_n upon_o he_o and_o make_v he_o resistance_n how_o that_o there_o be_v no_o battle_n but_o have_v need_n of_o this_o motion_n so_o that_o when_o we_o find_v our_o enemy_n to_o encompass_v our_o right_a wing_n we_o turn_v our_o face_n and_o weapon_n that_o way_n to_o receive_v they_o to_o the_o left_a when_o they_o come_v to_o charge_v we_o on_o that_o side_n if_o on_o both_o side_n than_o we_o turn_v face_n half_a to_o the_o right_n and_o half_a to_o the_o left_a hand_n but_o be_v to_o remove_v the_o battle_n from_o any_o of_o the_o flank_n we_o cause_v face_n to_o be_v turn_v to_o that_o flank_n so_o we_o lead_v on_o upon_o the_o enemy_n either_o to_o assault_v he_o or_o to_o prevent_v he_o where_o he_o will_v assault_v which_o if_o we_o can_v do_v we_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o so_o receive_v he_o all_o this_o i_o
25._o captain_n bingham_n in_o his_o note_n upon_o aelian_a chapt._n 25._o omit_v not_o this_o opportunity_n but_o meet_v he_o with_o thy_o best_a man_n for_o example_n whereof_o i_o bring_v the_o graetian_o they_o covet_v always_o to_o bring_v their_o best_a man_n that_o be_v the_o fileleader_n to_o fight_v do_v thus_o in_o open_a order_n they_o choose_v to_o countermarch_n in_o close_a order_n have_v place_n to_o wheel_v their_o battle_n about_o they_o do_v turn_v the_o face_n of_o it_o against_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o can_v do_v neither_o of_o these_o they_o come_v to_o the_o last_o remedy_n which_o be_v turn_v of_o face_n of_o every_o particular_a man_n in_o the_o battle_n this_o be_v the_o grecian_n order_n which_o show_v the_o excellency_n of_o their_o discipline_n and_o therefore_o we_o be_v willing_a to_o follow_v they_o be_v the_o mirror_n of_o art_n and_o arm_n they_o be_v so_o perfect_a in_o these_o motion_n by_o their_o continual_a practice_n and_o exercise_n that_o few_o or_o none_o be_v ever_o comparable_a unto_o they_o in_o wheel_v they_o will_v move_v as_o a_o ship_n or_o some_o other_o body_n carry_v about_o whole_o and_o joint_o together_o remain_v undisolue_v when_o they_o be_v to_o wheel_n to_o the_o right_n they_o do_v first_o warn_v the_o right_a corner_n file_n leader_n to_o stand_v still_o as_o it_o be_v the_o hook_n of_o a_o doore-hinge_n and_o the_o rest_n they_o command_v altogether_o to_o proceed_v forward_o and_o to_o turn_v about_o the_o same_o fileleader_n like_o the_o door_n motion_n door_n they_o will_v not_o wheel_n unless_o they_o be_v at_o a_o unfitting_a order_n pouldion_n to_o houldion_fw-la and_o then_o rank_n to_o the_o sword_n point_v a_o distance_n not_o fit_a for_o that_o motion_n thus_o be_v the_o battle_n whole_o turn_v by_o they_o as_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n to_o the_o right_n to_o the_o left_a or_o about_o to_o either_o be_v carry_v about_o the_o corner_n fileleader_n as_o about_o a_o centre_n this_o be_v a_o comely_a sight_n to_o look_v upon_o will_v to_o god_n all_o will_v do_v it_o as_o exact_o as_o they_o but_o wish_n be_v in_o vain_a man_n will_v do_v as_o they_o listen_v not_o as_o they_o shall_v a_o some_o will_v neither_o observe_v the_o distance_n use_v by_o the_o grecian_n no_o the_o distance_n appoint_v by_o our_o tactic_n for_o the_o comely_a grace_n thereof_o this_o distance_n be_v three_o foot_n from_o file_n to_o file_v and_o three_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n if_o this_o be_v not_o observe_v the_o motion_n will_v want_v grace_n the_o use_n of_o it_o will_v be_v frustrate_v the_o enemy_n will_v prevail_v against_o they_o for_o how_o can_v those_o man_n fight_v who_o hand_n be_v tie_v be_v throng_v and_o pester_v together_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v bind_v and_o tie_v and_o can_v neither_o assault_v the_o enemy_n nor_o defend_v themselves_o but_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v kill_v one_o of_o another_o therefore_o true_a distance_n must_v be_v observe_v but_o of_o distance_n more_o hereafter_o face_v and_o wheel_v be_v the_o subject_n on_o which_o i_o treat_v now_o face_v and_o wheel_v be_v join_v together_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n where_o he_o will_v assault_v you_o to_o give_v the_o assault_n on_o he_o and_o to_o circumvent_v he_o in_o take_v of_o advantage_n of_o ground_n wind_z and_o sun_n it_o likewise_o serve_v to_o strengthen_v the_o midst_n of_o your_o battle_n with_o the_o best_a man_n by_o wheel_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o do_v whereof_o you_o curtail_v the_o depth_n and_o extend_v the_o length_n bring_v more_o man_n to_o fight_v than_o you_o have_v before_o thus_o much_o of_o wheeleing_n the_o word_n of_o command_n follow_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n chap._n xxi_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o wheeling_n the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o wheeling_n may_v be_v thus_o give_v viz._n wheel_v the_o body_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v to_o the_o right_a flank_n you_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n to_o fight_v against_o he_o wheel_v the_o body_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o charge_v your_o left_a flank_n you_o bring_v your_o best_a man_n against_o he_o wheel_v the_o body_n about_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n use_n the_o use_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n you_o bring_v your_o fileleader_n that_o be_v your_o best_a man_n to_o fight_v wheel_v the_o body_n about_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o you_o be_v reduce_v to_o your_o first_o posture_n use_n the_o use_n but_o it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v face_n then_o march_v after_o face_n again_o then_o wheel_n if_o you_o will_v it_o may_v be_v command_v thus_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n march._n face_n &_o march._n and_o march_v twenty_o pace_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n and_o march_v twenty_o pace_n then_o wheel_n to_o the_o left_a and_o charge_v over-hand_n thus_o you_o may_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n upon_o the_o right_a flank_n use_n the_o use_n you_o may_v assault_v your_o enemy_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n with_o your_o fileleader_n or_o front_n you_o may_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o wind_n and_o sun_n from_o the_o enemy_n and_o present_o fall_v upon_o a_o charge_n it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v extend_v the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n by_o wheel_v by_o bring_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n then_o you_o may_v command_v thus_o wheel_v the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n face_n to_o your_o commander_n thus_o the_o strength_n of_o your_o battle_n lie_v in_o the_o midst_n use_n the_o use_n it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v reduce_v then_o command_v thus_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o then_o begin_v with_o the_o bringer_n up_o and_o say_v wheel_v your_o wing_n again_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n then_o bid_v they_o face_n to_o their_o commander_n after_o that_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o and_o so_o they_o be_v full_o reduce_v as_o they_o be_v it_o may_v be_v you_o will_v know_v the_o way_n how_o to_o perform_v this_o wheeling_n for_o as_o yet_o you_o be_v ignorant_a then_o observe_v how_o to_o do_v it_o by_o this_o instance_n which_o will_v somewhat_o explain_v it_o unto_o you_o there_o be_v ten_o fileleader_n in_o front_n instance_n the_o instance_n five_o of_o they_o on_o the_o right_a wing_n wheel_v forward_o to_o the_o left_a transfer_v their_o face_n to_o the_o contrary_a wing_n their_o follower_n move_v with_o they_o and_o stand_v behind_o they_o as_o they_o do_v at_o the_o first_o only_o they_o change_v their_o former_a ground_n as_o do_v the_o fileleader_n the_o other_o five_o on_o the_o left_a wing_n wheel_v forward_o to_o the_o right_n meet_v they_o in_o the_o midst_n face_n to_o face_n have_v all_o their_o follower_n behind_o they_o as_o the_o other_o five_o then_o the_o commander_n bid_v they_o face_n to_o he_o and_o so_o the_o countenance_n of_o all_o the_o soldier_n be_v direct_v or_o transfer_v all_o one_o way_n thus_o you_o may_v perform_v this_o wheel_a but_o action_n do_v better_a perform_v it_o than_o word_n this_o wheel_a of_o the_o wing_n into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battalion_n be_v use_v by_o the_o ancient_a grecian_n to_o make_v their_o diphalange_n antistomus_n their_o diphalange_n peristomus_fw-la their_o hollow-wedge_n the_o figure_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o aelian_a with_o the_o description_n of_o they_o chap._n 36._o 40._o and_o 41._o what_o victory_n have_v be_v gain_v by_o this_o kind_n of_o imbattalling_a i_o have_v see_v and_o read_v in_o a_o write_a copy_n of_o captain_n binghams_n compose_v to_o be_v diwlge_v short_o for_o a_o public_a good_a that_o be_v now_o but_o for_o a_o private_a use_n this_o worthy_a captain_n be_v the_o man_n that_o do_v first_o show_v the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o artillery_n garden_n how_o they_o shall_v perform_v this_o kind_n of_o wheel_v which_o now_o they_o do_v most_o exact_o and_o he_o will_v prove_v the_o use_n of_o it_o to_o be_v as_o profitable_a for_o service_n now_o as_o heretofore_o with_o the_o grecian_n if_o we_o will_v but_o do_v what_o he_o shall_v advise_v thus_o much_o of_o this_o kind_a of_o wheel_v and_o of_o the_o other_o wheel_v which_o must_v not_o be_v use_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v upon_o you_o but_o when_o he_o be_v aloof_o off_o now_o of_o countermarch_v chap._n xxii_o of_o countermarche_n and_o the_o diverse_a kind_n thereof_o with_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o of_o their_o use_n countermarche_n be_v twofold_a for_o either_o we_o countermarch_v the_o file_n or_o the_o rank_n and_o these_o either_o by_o change_v of_o ground_n or_o keep_v still_o
which_o be_v near_a the_o enemy_n seem_v therefore_o to_o he_o to_o run_v away_o because_o it_o dismarch_v from_o he_o as_o that_o of_o the_o file_n do_v before_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o it_o may_v be_v these_o the_o right_a hand_n corner_n file_n face_n to_o the_o left_a rank_n word_n of_o command_n for_o the_o macedonian_a countermarch_v by_o rank_n the_o rest_n of_o each_o file_n pass_v through_o to_o the_o left_a and_o place_n yourselves_o orderly_o behind_o your_o sideman_n keep_v your_o distance_n use_n the_o use_n this_o gain_v the_o ground_n lie_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n far_a of_o from_o the_o enemy_n the_o enemy_n appear_v to_o the_o left_a wing_n bâ—â—his_n counter_n march_v you_o may_v set_v the_o strong_a part_n of_o your_o battle_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o apply_v the_o weak_a unto_o some_o river_n lâ—ke_v hill_n or_o such_o like_a place_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n can_v come_v to_o encompass_v it_o rank_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_a 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length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o place_n place_n when_o every_o file_n do_v open_a from_o three_o foot_n to_o six_o foot_n which_o be_v your_o open_a order_n in_o file_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o front_n possess_v double_a ground_n to_o that_o it_o have_v before_o there_o be_v another_o way_n to_o double_a the_o front_n in_o place_n as_o you_o shall_v hear_v anon_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v number_n be_v double_v of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o number_n double_v in_o number_n when_o of_o twenty_o in_o a_o rank_n it_o be_v make_v forty_o and_o of_o forty_o fourscore_o so_o that_o you_o have_v twice_o as_o many_o man_n in_o the_o front_n as_o you_o have_v before_o this_o double_n of_o the_o length_n of_o your_o battle_n by_o number_n may_v be_v do_v upon_o fit_a occasion_n either_o in_o open_a order_n or_o in_o order_n in_o open_a order_n by_o double_v of_o rank_n by_o middle_a man_n do_v the_o same_o by_o bringer_n up_o double_v the_o front_n either_o to_o the_o 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captain_n lieutenant_n ancient_n and_o sergeant_n so_o that_o all_o the_o train_v band_n in_o london_n &_o midlesex_n be_v furnish_v with_o able_a &_o sufficient_a officer_n out_o of_o both_o these_o school_n to_o your_o honour_n that_o be_v the_o founder_n ay_o the_o last_o in_o degree_n of_o inferior_a officer_n have_v my_o first_o egress_n from_o the_o artillery_n garden_n in_o that_o school_n i_o spend_v four_o year_n complete_a to_o gain_v the_o little_a knowledge_n which_o i_o have_v never_o presume_v to_o show_v my_o skill_n much_o less_o to_o contend_v with_o other_o in_o it_o until_o the_o scholar_n of_o another_o school_n low-country-like_a band_v together_o for_o trial_n of_o skill_n urge_v i_o thereunto_o then_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o my_o school_n put_v on_o by_o my_o own_o school_n fellow_n i_o enter_v the_o list_n to_o play_v my_o scholar_n prize_n and_o i_o have_v now_o do_v it_o but_o whether_o i_o have_v perform_v it_o ill_n or_o well_o rest_v not_o in_o i_o the_o 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he_o have_v take_v and_o so_o faint_a with_o the_o great_a wound_n he_o have_v upon_o he_o but_o martius_n answer_v they_o that_o it_o be_v not_o for_o conqueror_n to_o yield_v nor_o to_o be_v fainthearted_a and_o thereupon_o begin_v afresh_o to_o chase_v they_o that_o flee_v until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v utter_o overthrow_v and_o number_n of_o they_o slay_v and_o take_v prisoner_n the_o next_o morning_n betimes_o martius_n go_v to_o the_o consul_n cominius_n who_o high_o commend_v he_o for_o his_o valour_n and_o proffer_v he_o many_o gift_n but_o mâ—rtius_n refuse_v all_o therefore_o the_o consul_n do_v order_n and_o decree_n that_o he_o shall_v henceforth_o be_v call_v coriolanus_n in_o lieu_n of_o the_o noble_a service_n he_o have_v do_v &_o for_o his_o lion-like_o courage_n tâ—uâ—_n much_o of_o valour_n the_o next_o virtue_n require_v in_o a_o soldier_n be_v loyalty_n loyalty_n loyalty_n loyalty_n be_v a_o transcendent_a virtue_n and_o pass_v my_o 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the_o dog_n not_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v bury_v say_v plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o pausanias_n these_o example_n be_v set_v before_o their_o eye_n will_v not_o only_o make_v they_o to_o detest_v treason_n but_o to_o become_v more_o faithful_a unto_o their_o commander_n of_o all_o soldier_n none_o ever_o be_v more_o faithful_a to_o their_o commander_n than_o the_o roman_n you_o shall_v not_o read_v in_o any_o history_n of_o any_o faithfull_a soldier_n than_o they_o have_v be_v when_o their_o consul_n crassus_n be_v endanger_v by_o the_o parthian_a arrow_n which_o fly_v thick_a about_o his_o ear_n they_o do_v compass_v he_o about_o and_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o midst_n of_o they_o then_o cover_v he_o round_o with_o their_o target_n they_o tell_v he_o that_o never_o arrow_n of_o the_o parthian_n shall_v touch_v his_o body_n before_o they_o be_v all_o slay_v one_o after_o another_o fight_v it_o out_o to_o the_o last_o man_n in_o his_o defence_n emperor_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o otho_n the_o emperor_n plutarch_n report_v a_o more_o admirable_a act_n of_o they_o than_o this_o the_o emperor_n otho_n say_v he_o be_v forsake_v of_o all_o his_o captain_n who_o have_v yield_v themselves_o to_o vitellus_n the_o new_a emperor_n his_o soldier_n notwithstanding_o forsake_v he_o nor_o neither_o go_v they_o to_o submit_v themselves_o to_o their_o enemy_n the_o conqueror_n neither_o take_v they_o any_o regard_n of_o themselves_o to_o see_v their_o emperor_n in_o that_o despair_n but_o all_o joint_o together_o go_v unto_o his_o lodging_n and_o call_v for_o their_o emperor_n when_o he_o come_v out_o they_o fall_v down_o at_o his_o foot_n prostrate_v thus_o on_o the_o ground_n they_o do_v kiss_v his_o hand_n with_o the_o tear_n run_v down_o their_o cheek_n and_o beseech_v he_o not_o to_o forsake_v and_o leave_v they_o to_o their_o enemy_n but_o to_o command_v their_o person_n while_o they_o have_v one_o drop_n of_o blood_n leave_v in_o their_o body_n to_o do_v he_o service_n ☞_o ☞_o then_o one_o of_o the_o poor_a soldier_n draw_v out_o his_o sword_n say_v unto_o he_o know_v o_o caesar_n that_o all_o my_o companion_n be_v determine_v to_o die_v in_o this_o sort_n for_o thou_o and_o so_o slay_v himself_o these_o be_v faithful_a and_o loyal_a soldier_n worthy_a to_o be_v remember_v to_o all_o posterity_n they_o be_v constant_a to_o their_o friend_n faithful_a to_o one_o another_o not_o refuse_v death_n for_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n let_v all_o soldier_n imitate_v they_o in_o faithfulness_n faithful_n soldier_n be_v a_o captain_n bulwark_n caesar_n be_v safe_a in_o the_o camp_n then_o in_o the_o senate_n thus_o much_o of_o loyalty_n the_o next_o quality_n require_v from_o a_o soldier_n be_v freedom_n from_o bribe_n it_o be_v a_o dishonourable_a thing_n for_o a_o soldier_n to_o receive_v a_o bribe_n and_o it_o be_v the_o more_o dishonourable_a because_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n do_v forbid_v it_o wherefore_o do_v the_o law_n of_o arm_n strict_o forbid_v it_o with_o a_o penalty_n to_o the_o same_o but_o because_o those_o man_n who_o nature_n be_v most_o prone_a to_o take_v bribe_n be_v the_o most_o fit_a to_o be_v make_v traitor_n on_o they_o the_o enemy_n will_v lay_v golden_a book_n to_o draw_v they_o to_o his_o purpose_n upon_o any_o occasion_n thus_o xerxes_n deal_v with_o arthmius_n themisticle_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o themisticle_n bear_v at_o zelbâ—a_n who_o by_o gold_n be_v to_o corrupt_v the_o grecian_n to_o make_v he_o way_n into_o greece_n but_o arthmius_n be_v thereupon_o note_v of_o infamy_n not_o alone_o but_o his_o child_n with_o their_o posterity_n after_o thus_o he_o deal_v with_o pausanius_n general_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n pausanius_n xerxes_n corrupt_a pausanius_n with_o 500_o talent_n of_o gold_n to_o betray_v sparta_n plutarch_n in_o his_o moral_n and_o in_o the_o life_n of_o pausanius_n to_o who_o he_o give_v five_o hundred_o talent_n of_o gold_n to_o betray_v sparta_n into_o his_o hand_n but_o pausanius_n be_v too_o much_o gorge_v with_o gold_n be_v mure_v up_o in_o a_o temple_n and_o famish_v to_o death_n as_o i_o have_v already_o declare_v good_a reason_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n shall_v so_o strict_o forbid_v the_o take_n of_o bribe_n see_v the_o whole_a army_n may_v be_v endanger_v thereby_o and_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n do_v likewise_o include_v all_o acceptance_n of_o gift_n as_o unlawful_a for_o any_o to_o receive_v of_o a_o profess_a enemy_n that_o be_v or_o have_v be_v or_o may_v be_v guess_v at_o to_o be_v hereafter_o whether_o they_o be_v give_v he_o in_o lieu_n of_o his_o desert_n or_o to_o recompense_v he_o for_o his_o ambassage_n he_o must_v not_o i_o say_v accept_v they_o of_o he_o forfeare_n of_o bring_v himself_o into_o danger_n have_v not_o many_o be_v bring_v into_o suspicion_n by_o it_o
have_v express_v full_o both_o by_o precept_n and_o example_n now_o it_o remain_v that_o i_o show_v you_o four_o other_o thing_n first_o by_o what_o word_n of_o command_n it_o may_v be_v do_v second_o in_o what_o order_n three_o with_o which_o leg_n come_v forward_o four_o how_o to_o reduce_v all_o this_o by_o way_n of_o document_n or_o observation_n shall_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n follow_v chap._n xix_o observation_n for_o face_v show_v the_o manner_n how_o to_o perform_v the_o action_n with_o many_o other_o circumstance_n appertain_v to_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n in_o the_o precedent_a chapter_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o facing_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v certain_a observation_n positive_o set_v down_o for_o the_o exact_a performance_n thereof_o they_o be_v in_o number_n four_o the_o first_o observation_n be_v for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o leg_n the_o second_o for_o reducement_n to_o its_o first_o posture_n the_o three_o for_o distance_n to_o grace_v the_o action_n the_o four_o for_o word_n of_o command_n either_o to_o face_n and_o march_n or_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v express_v their_o use_n of_o these_o in_o order_n observation_n the_o first_o observation_n first_o then_o observe_v that_o in_o face_v upon_o a_o stand_n the_o motion_n must_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o right_a leg_n that_o be_v the_o left_a leg_n must_v stand_v firm_a the_o right_n must_v either_o remove_v forward_o or_o backward_o forward_a when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n backward_a when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v it_o to_o the_o right_n about_o or_o to_o the_o leave_v about_o the_o left_a leg_n stand_v firm_a only_o you_o move_v the_o foot_n upon_o the_o heel_n or_o toe_n but_o in_o the_o march_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v march_v how_o to_o face_n march_v sometime_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n sometime_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n with_o the_o right_a leg_n when_o it_o be_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n with_o the_o left_a leg_n when_o it_o be_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n for_o you_o must_v gain_v ground_n and_o not_o lose_v observation_n the_o second_o observation_n in_o the_o second_o place_n observe_v or_o take_v notice_n how_o to_o reduce_v unto_o the_o first_o posture_n this_o must_v be_v thus_o perform_v when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o right_n return_v back_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n posture_n how_o to_o reduce_v unto_o your_o first_o posture_n when_o you_o face_n to_o the_o left_a return_v back_o to_o the_o right_a hand_n have_v face_v about_o to_o the_o right_n return_v about_o to_o the_o left_a have_v face_v about_o to_o the_o left_a return_v about_o to_o the_o right_n for_o still_o the_o contrary_n must_v be_v do_v observe_v it_o and_o forget_v it_o not_o observation_n the_o three_o observation_n in_o the_o three_o place_n observe_v or_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o distance_n appropriate_v to_o facing_n these_o distance_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n to_o wit_n open_v order_n order_n close_o order_n the_o first_o for_o exercise_n the_o two_o last_o for_o service_n no_o captain_n must_v be_v so_o absurd_a as_o to_o face_n upon_o a_o enemy_n in_o open_a order_n the_o enemy_n come_v to_o push_v of_o pike_n the_o grecian_n will_v never_o face_n to_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o enemy_n but_o in_o their_o close_a order_n their_o close_a order_n be_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a from_o file_n to_o file_v and_o three_o foot_n from_o rank_n to_o rank_n this_o we_o common_o use_v with_o pike_n but_o our_o musketeer_n be_v never_o to_o be_v close_o than_o the_o second_o distance_n of_o three_o foot_n in_o square_n because_o they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o free_a use_n of_o their_o arm_n if_o then_o they_o be_v at_o a_o close_a distance_n they_o will_v much_o throng_v and_o trouble_v one_o another_o and_o be_v subject_a to_o fire_v in_o the_o last_o place_n observe_v how_o to_o give_v the_o word_n of_o command_n observation_n the_o four_o observation_n either_o to_o face_n and_o march_n or_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v that_o you_o may_v do_v it_o orderly_o and_o proper_o i_o have_v fit_v they_o to_o your_o mouth_n thus_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n march_n march_n word_n of_o command_n to_o face_n and_o march_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n march_n face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o march_n face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n about_o march_n thus_o you_o may_v set_v upon_o your_o enemy_n as_o you_o see_v advantage_n or_o prevent_v he_o where_o he_o will_v charge_v you_o to_o your_o disadvantage_n or_o shun_v a_o dangerous_a ground_n prepare_v for_o you_o as_o alexander_n do_v when_o darius_n will_v have_v entrap_v he_o thus_o much_o to_o face_n &_o march_n and_o of_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o it_o now_o to_o face_n and_o stand_v with_o the_o word_n of_o command_n for_o that_o motion_n the_o word_n of_o proper_a direction_n for_o it_o be_v these_o stand_v word_n of_o command_n to_o face_n &_o stand_v face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n be_v hand_n if_o you_o restore_v to_o the_o first_o posture_n you_o be_v to_o say_v as_o you_o be_v thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v your_o right_a flank_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o face_n to_o the_o left_a hand_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v your_o left_a flank_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v encompass_v both_o the_o wing_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v unable_a to_o avoid_v it_o division_n it_o they_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a by_o division_n you_o face_v thus_o to_o resist_v he_o face_n to_o the_o right_n and_o about_o thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v sudden_o make_v his_o approach_n upon_o your_o rear_n you_o be_v ready_a for_o he_o and_o resist_v he_o in_o a_o instant_n middle_a man_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n about_o this_o form_n be_v call_v phalange_n amphistomus_fw-la describe_v by_o aelian_a chap._n 38._o and_o be_v of_o excellent_a use_n to_o resist_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n assault_v we_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n man_n observe_v the_o form_n of_o this_o face_n be_v ten_o in_o depth_n this_o be_v the_o pâ—inthium_n full_a of_o man_n the_o three_o last_o rank_n face_n about_o to_o the_o right_n the_o three_o first_o rank_n in_o the_o front_n stand_v as_o you_o do_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o midst_n to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a by_o division_n thus_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v environ_v you_o about_o on_o all_o side_n on_o all_o side_n you_o be_v ready_a to_o resist_v he_o aemilius_n plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o paulus_n aemilius_n this_o be_v the_o last_o remedy_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalange_n oppose_v against_o paulus_n aemylius_fw-la in_o his_o battle_n with_o perseus_n which_o distress_v the_o roman_n and_o have_v gain_v the_o victory_n have_v it_o not_o be_v break_v for_o want_n of_o ground_n thus_o much_o for_o facing_n now_o if_o in_o stead_n of_o facing_n you_o will_v command_v charge_v give_v the_o word_n thus_o charge_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n charge_v to_o the_o left_a hand_n charge_v both_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n charge_v to_o the_o front_n charge_v to_o the_o rear_n charge_v both_o front_n and_o rear_n charge_v every_o way_n caution_n a_o caution_n when_o you_o charge_v upon_o a_o stand_n fall_v back_o with_o the_o right_a leg_n when_o you_o charge_v to_o go_v on_o come_v forward_o with_o the_o left_a leg_n this_o be_v to_o charge_v march_v thus_o much_o for_o this_o chapter_n chap._n xx._n of_o the_o use_n of_o wheeling_n wheel_v be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n with_o facing_n both_o may_v be_v do_v upon_o the_o sudden_a approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n whether_o he_o show_v himself_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n or_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o your_o battle_n wheeling_n the_o excellency_n of_o wheeling_n if_o he_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n wheeling_n will_v have_v the_o pre-eminence_n of_o facing_n for_o it_o will_v oppose_v he_o with_o thy_o front_n which_o be_v thy_o best_a man_n if_o he_o show_v himself_o in_o the_o rear_n wheeling_n will_v yet_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o oppose_v he_o there_o with_o thy_o fileleader_n or_o best_o man_n as_o it_o do_v before_o in_o the_o flank_n but_o wheeling_n but_o of_o the_o prehemincie_n of_o face_v over_o wheeling_n if_o the_o enemy_n show_v himself_o in_o front_n and_o rear_n or_o in_o more_o than_o these_o place_n at_o once_o sudden_o to_o charge_v thou_o facing_n will_v then_o have_v the_o pre-eminence_n and_o wheeling_n will_v do_v more_o harm_n then_o good_a therefore_o be_v in_o this_o straight_o the_o best_a remedy_n be_v to_o turn_v face_n and_o so_o receive_v he_o but_o have_v sufficient_a place_n and_o fit_a occasion_n to_o wheel_n
it_o on_o the_o other_o side_n with_o his_o wagon_n 12._o when_o they_o can_v prevail_v against_o the_o enemy_n by_o strength_n then_o let_v they_o minister_v and_o breed_v cause_n of_o discord_n among_o their_o soldier_n for_o no_o army_n though_o it_o be_v very_o little_a can_v quick_o be_v destroy_v of_o the_o enemy_n except_o it_o be_v consume_v with_o private_a dissension_n and_o hatred_n within_o itself_o this_o be_v practise_v to_o this_o day_n and_o be_v tolerate_v by_o our_o chief_n of_o war_n who_o prefer_v policy_n before_o strength_n therefore_o let_v it_o be_v follow_v the_o old_a spartan_a that_o have_v conquer_v by_o policy_n offer_v a_o ox_n but_o he_o that_o prevail_v by_o force_n offer_v only_o a_o cock_n because_o the_o great_a sacrifice_n of_o thankfulness_n be_v due_a to_o the_o god_n from_o he_o for_o the_o one_o and_o the_o great_a praise_n and_o reward_n be_v due_a unto_o he_o from_o the_o state_n for_o the_o other_o but_o this_o be_v the_o great_a glory_n of_o all_o to_o drive_v out_o the_o nail_n of_o their_o enemy_n practice_v with_o a_o strong_a of_o their_o own_o and_o to_o blow_v he_o up_o in_o his_o own_o mine_n policy_n against_o force_n deserve_v much_o and_o prevail_v often_o but_o by_o stratagem_n to_o prevail_v against_o policy_n be_v ever_o excellent_a behold_v it_o in_o this_o the_o soldier_n of_o ferdinand_n plot_v with_o some_o of_o the_o french_a garrison_n in_o gifon-castle_n near_o san-severino_a to_o betray_v the_o place_n unto_o they_o the_o french_a entertain_v the_o motion_n and_o assign_v a_o hour_n and_o the_o manner_n for_o the_o execution_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n they_o acquaint_v the_o governor_n the_o arragonese_n come_v at_o the_o time_n appoint_v find_v a_o port_n open_a and_o enter_v they_o be_v take_v in_o the_o trap_n seven_o hundred_o part_n horse_n and_o part_n foot_n be_v slay_v on_o the_o place_n the_o rest_n be_v take_v prisoner_n thus_o stratagem_n do_v prevail_v against_o policy_n stratagem_n and_o policy_n be_v of_o great_a force_n and_o in_o war_n may_v be_v lawful_o use_v it_o be_v usual_a and_o allowable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o arm_n say_v sir_n robert_n dallington_n for_o a_o public_a and_o profess_a enemy_n to_o attempt_v that_o by_o stratagem_n fraud_n or_o suborn_v treachery_n 37._o sir_n rob._n dall_n in_o his_o aphorism_n chap._n 37._o which_o can_v be_v get_v by_o fine_a force_n without_o long_a time_n uttermost_a danger_n and_o extreme_a charge_n for_o this_o way_n the_o purchase_n be_v soon_o make_v and_o at_o less_o rate_n therefore_o let_v they_o use_v all_o stratagem_n and_o policy_n that_o may_v be_v to_o circumvent_v and_o overthrow_v a_o enemy_n let_v they_o upon_o fit_a occasion_n corrupt_v the_o enemy_n man_n with_o money_n let_v they_o by_o cunning_a mean_n and_o feign_a letter_n cause_v the_o enemy_n captain_n to_o be_v suspect_v let_v they_o bring_v the_o general_n himself_o into_o more_o dislike_n if_o he_o be_v dislike_v of_o his_o soldier_n so_o they_o may_v be_v rid_v of_o he_o by_o policy_n who_o they_o can_v not_o be_v rid_v of_o by_o force_n i_o will_v show_v you_o the_o event_n of_o all_o these_o by_o precedent_n money_n the_o first_o example_n of_o precedent_n show_v how_o to_o corrupt_v the_o enemy_n man_n with_o money_n mounseur_fw-fr trimoville_n mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr ligny_n and_o john_n jaques_n triultio_n be_v to_o war_n with_o lodowick_n sforza_n duke_n of_o milan_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o the_o french_a king_n think_v with_o themselves_o there_o be_v no_o quick_a way_n to_o end_v the_o war_n than_o to_o corrupt_v lodowick_n soldier_n with_o money_n he_o have_v entertain_v many_o swisser_n into_o pay_n and_o these_o swisser_n be_v valiant_a man_n of_o their_o hand_n but_o very_o covetous_a and_o easy_a to_o be_v corrupt_v with_o gold_n therefore_o they_o send_v privy_o to_o the_o colonel_n of_o the_o swisser_n proffer_v they_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n to_o forsake_v lodowicke_n or_o to_o betray_v he_o into_o their_o hand_n they_o be_v tickle_v with_o these_o proffer_n stir_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o mutiny_v take_v their_o occasion_n that_o their_o pay_n be_v not_o perform_v at_o the_o just_a day_n that_o be_v promise_v the_o duke_n run_v to_o the_o stir_n in_o person_n bring_v forth_o unto_o they_o all_o his_o silver_n plate_n and_o vessel_n desire_v they_o to_o rest_v content_v but_o till_o the_o money_n come_v from_o milan_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o yield_v but_o say_v they_o will_v depart_v sudden_o into_o their_o country_n the_o duke_n not_o be_v able_a neither_o with_o prayer_n nor_o with_o tear_n nor_o by_o infinite_a promise_n to_o pacify_v any_o whit_n their_o barbarous_a disloyalty_n recommend_v himself_o whole_o unto_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o at_o the_o least_o they_o will_v lead_v he_o to_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n but_o because_o they_o have_v contract_v with_o the_o french_a captain_n 108._o guichiardin_n lib._n 3._o pag_n 108._o to_o go_v their_o way_n and_o not_o to_o lead_v he_o with_o they_o be_v not_o willing_a to_o grant_v unto_o his_o full_a demand_n yet_o they_o consent_v that_o he_o shall_v march_v away_o among_o they_o take_v the_o habit_n of_o one_o of_o their_o footman_n and_o so_o if_o he_o be_v not_o know_v to_o save_v himself_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o fortune_n the_o which_o condition_n be_v accept_v of_o he_o for_o a_o last_o necessity_n be_v not_o sufficient_a for_o his_o safety_n for_o that_o march_v by_o direction_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o french_a army_n he_o be_v know_v by_o the_o diligent_a espial_n of_o such_o as_o be_v assign_v to_o that_o charge_n or_o rather_o disclose_v by_o the_o swisser_n themselves_o as_o he_o march_v in_o a_o squadron_n of_o foot_n attire_v and_o arm_v in_o all_o point_n as_o a_o swisser_n and_o be_v by_o that_o mean_v make_v prisoner_n 108._o guichiardin_n lib._n 3._o pag._n 108._o here_o you_o see_v the_o french_a pistolet_n can_v do_v more_o than_o their_o man_n at_o arm_n overcome_v he_o who_o style_v himself_o the_o son_n of_o fortune_n from_o these_o acute_a and_o politic_a french_a we_o take_v our_o next_o precedent_n or_o example_n by_o feign_a letter_n to_o cause_v our_o enemy_n captain_n to_o be_v suspect_v bourbon_n and_o triwltio_n the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o general_n suspect_v the_o second_o example_n or_o precedent_n show_v how_o by_o cunning_a mean_n and_o feign_a letter_n we_o shall_v cause_v our_o enemy_n captain_n to_o be_v suspect_v be_v besiege_v and_o very_a hardly_o distress_v within_o milan_n by_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n devise_v this_o policy_n to_o free_v themselves_o they_o send_v a_o servant_n of_o triuultio_n who_o speak_v the_o swisser_n tongue_v perfect_o well_o with_o feign_a letter_n unto_o the_o captain_n of_o that_o nation_n then_o serve_v in_o maximilian_o camp_n thereby_o to_o make_v they_o to_o be_v suspect_v and_o doubt_v the_o which_o feign_a messenger_n be_v take_v by_o the_o sentinel_n and_o watch_n cunning_o like_a sinon_n of_o troy_n humble_o beseech_v they_o his_o life_n and_o pardon_n and_o that_o he_o will_v deliver_v they_o certain_a thing_n which_o he_o have_v to_o deliver_v to_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n of_o the_o swisser_n the_o which_o be_v grant_v he_o he_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o shoe_n the_o devise_a letter_n which_o he_o carry_v to_o cause_v a_o suspicion_n to_o grow_v upon_o these_o captain_n the_o which_o be_v see_v and_o read_v by_o the_o emperor_n hold_v for_o certain_a their_o content_n to_o be_v true_a and_o mistrust_v some_o treason_n as_o they_o have_v before_o use_v unto_o lodowicke_n sforza_n raise_v present_o his_o camp_n and_o withdraw_v himself_o with_o less_o constancy_n and_o credit_n then_o to_o his_o honour_n and_o reputation_n be_v convenient_a here_o be_v a_o way_n make_v without_o a_o golden_a bridge_n here_o be_v a_o fetch_n fit_a for_o a_o carthaginian_a hannibal_n from_o who_o we_o take_v the_o last_o precedent_n or_o example_n how_o to_o bring_v our_o enemy_n general_n into_o further_a dislike_n by_o add_v fuel_n to_o the_o former_a fire_n hannibal_n be_v in_o italy_n do_v such_o hurt_n to_o the_o roman_n before_o the_o three_o example_n or_o precedent_n show_v how_o to_o bring_v a_o general_n into_o further_a dislike_n than_o he_o be_v in_o before_o as_o they_o be_v almost_o at_o their_o wit_n end_n not_o know_v what_o to_o do_v nor_o what_o consul_n to_o choose_v at_o length_n they_o send_v against_o he_o quintus_fw-la fabius_n maximus_n who_o be_v both_o their_o dictator_n and_o general_n one_o both_o skilful_a and_o politic_a and_o by_o delay_n mean_v to_o prolong_v the_o war_n so_o to_o have_v weary_v hanibal_n strength_n and_o power_n out_o for_o have_v increase_v his_o poverty_n by_o his_o long_a stay_n spend_v his_o own_o stock_n he_o
your_o double_a distance_n the_o use_n of_o this_o be_v twofold_a first_o to_o employ_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o ground_n for_o your_o own_o advantage_n make_v your_o number_n seem_v more_o than_o it_o be_v second_o to_o make_v way_n for_o the_o canon_n shoot_v by_o which_o the_o enemy_n afar_o of_o will_v annoy_v your_o flank_n therefore_o you_o march_v at_o a_o double_a distance_n the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v double_v by_o number_n number_n double_v thâ—_n depth_n of_o a_o battle_n by_o number_n when_o of_o ten_o in_o file_n it_o be_v make_v twenty_o of_o twenty_o forty_o and_o of_o sorry_a fourscore_o the_o double_n of_o the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n may_v be_v do_v upon_o fit_a occasion_n either_o in_o open_a order_n or_o in_o close_a order_n in_o open_a order_n by_o double_v of_o file_n when_o file_n double_v by_o countermarch_v either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n or_o when_o half_o the_o rank_n double_v the_o right_n or_o left_a flank_n when_o rank_n file_v by_o conversion_n either_o to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n which_o be_v usual_o do_v at_o a_o double_a distance_n in_o order_n or_o close_a order_n by_o advance_v of_o file_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n by_o fileleader_n draw_v forth_o their_o file_n into_o one_o or_o if_o you_o will_v both_o to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n by_o division_n then_o both_o right_a and_o left_a hand_n file_n lead_v forth_o together_o so_o the_o body_n be_v draw_v into_o two_o file_n all_o these_o way_n and_o more_o may_v the_o depth_n of_o your_o battle_n be_v double_v in_o place_n and_o number_n not_o to_o change_v the_o form_n thereof_o or_o if_o it_o be_v to_o alter_v the_o fashion_n whereby_o your_o battle_n may_v be_v make_v suitable_a to_o the_o ground_n upon_o any_o occasion_n which_o be_v not_o the_o least_o thing_n to_o be_v take_v notice_n of_o observe_v a_o large_a front_a battle_n be_v unfit_a for_o a_o narrow_a place_n a_o deep_a narrow_a battle_n for_o a_o champion_n be_v not_o so_o suitable_a this_o the_o roman_n and_o grecian_n know_v full_a well_o and_o therefore_o they_o will_v order_v themselves_o according_o make_v a_o politic_a use_n of_o either_o as_o they_o see_v occasion_n it_o be_v report_v of_o manius_n acilius_n the_o roman_a consul_n that_o be_v to_o fight_v with_o antiochus_n the_o great_a in_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopyle_n because_o therein_o he_o can_v march_v with_o his_o man_n no_o more_o than_o five_o in_o front_n he_o order_v all_o his_o legion_n into_o a_o syrians_n a_o orthiophalaâ—_n be_v a_o deep_a pâ—lange_n common_o call_v a_o heir_n have_v the_o depth_n much_o excee_v the_o length_n aegean_a chap._n 30._o appian_n in_o the_o warn_v of_o the_o româ—nes_n with_o syrians_n orthiophalanx_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o battle_n in_o form_n of_o a_o heirse_n of_o far_o great_a depth_n than_o length_n thus_o be_v extend_v in_o depth_n and_o but_o five_o in_o rank_n he_o proceed_v on_o appoint_v marcus_n cato_n one_o of_o his_o tribune_n with_o a_o select_a band_n of_o man_n to_o fetch_v a_o compass_n about_o to_o seek_v some_o other_o passage_n if_o not_o to_o scale_v the_o rock_n and_o then_o to_o seize_v upon_o antiochus_n campe._n and_o likewise_o he_o send_v lucius_n valerius_n another_o of_o his_o tribune_n wiâ—h_v a_o like_a band_n of_o man_n to_o force_v the_o aetâ—lians_n from_o the_o rock_n on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o be_v to_o pass_v under_o they_o that_o so_o have_v gain_v the_o rock_n they_o may_v further_o his_o passage_n and_o annoy_n antiochus_n from_o thence_o wiâ—h_v missive_a weapon_n he_o himself_o lead_v his_o army_n in_o front_n against_o antiochus_n in_o the_o manner_n before_o say_v now_o antiochus_n have_v fortify_v the_o strait_n with_o a_o wall_n where_o it_o be_v broad_a stand_v there_o ready_a to_o receive_v he_o with_o his_o battle_n of_o macedonian_n far_o broad_a in_o front_n than_o acilius_n army_n be_v but_o when_o marcus_n cato_n have_v gain_v the_o hill_n antiochus_n be_v instant_o strike_v into_o amazement_n and_o acilius_n take_v courage_n thereby_o come_v brave_o on_o and_o force_v antiochus_n to_o flight_n thus_o suit_v his_o battle_n to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n and_o yet_o make_v use_n of_o his_o man_n for_o his_o best_a advantage_n he_o obtain_v a_o glorious_a victory_n one_o example_n more_o out_o of_o xenophons_n history_n and_o so_o i_o will_v conclude_v 4._o â—â—nophon_fw-mi lib._n 4._o the_o grecian_n which_o cherisophus_n and_o xenophon_n conduct_v out_o of_o persia_n be_v in_o the_o champagne_n order_v into_o a_o square_n hollow_a battle_n every_o part_n of_o like_a strength_n with_o their_o baggage_n and_o loose_a multitude_n in_o the_o midst_n these_o grecian_n when_o they_o come_v into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o carduchans_n and_o colchans_n be_v otherwise_o order_v there_o be_v high_a hill_n huge_a steep_a mountain_n and_o but_o narrow_a passage_n they_o must_v now_o be_v imbattel_v not_o in_o a_o hollow_a â—ddest_a hollow_a the_o pâ—aesium_n a_o square_a batel_n of_o man_n â—ollow_v in_o the_o â—ddest_a plaesium_n but_o in_o several_a company_n and_o every_o company_n into_o a_o single_a file_n every_o file_n have_v a_o hundred_o man_n a_o piece_n ascend_v those_o steep_a mountain_n and_o beat_v the_o enemy_n from_o thence_o which_o stand_v thereon_o in_o battle_n array_n do_v more_o with_o ten_o thousand_o man_n than_o a_o king_n of_o persia_n can_v do_v with_o twelve_o myriad_o that_o be_v twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o thus_o the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n mirror_n of_o arm_n and_o learning_n do_v always_o shape_v their_o battle_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n of_o ground_n and_o be_v perfect_a in_o the_o art_n of_o imbattel_v do_v all_o thing_n proper_a as_o they_o see_v occasion_n the_o like_a must_v we_o and_o thus_o much_o shall_v suffice_v for_o the_o double_n of_o the_o length_n and_o depth_n of_o a_o phalange_n or_o battle_n now_o follow_v the_o distance_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o they_o so_o the_o word_n of_o command_n shall_v follow_v for_o all_o in_o the_o five_o and_o twenty_o chapter_n chap._n xxiiii_o of_o the_o distance_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o battle_n and_o of_o their_o use_n disorder_n be_v the_o confusion_n of_o a_o battle_n but_o good_a order_n prevent_v â—â—is_n confusion_n therefore_o all_o commander_n as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o lie_v must_v study_v to_o prevent_v this_o in_o time_n and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o observe_v of_o distance_n for_o distance_n be_v the_o rule_n that_o square_n all_o distance_n be_v to_o the_o battle_n as_o the_o soul_n to_o the_o body_n the_o battle_n may_v be_v call_v a_o body_n now_o take_v away_o distance_n from_o this_o body_n and_o it_o fall_v to_o ruin_v for_o want_n of_o a_o soul_n iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a say_v that_o in_o a_o army_n of_o man_n the_o light_a horseman_n resemble_v the_o hand_n the_o man_n at_o arm_n the_o foot_n the_o battle_n of_o footman_n the_o stomach_n and_o breast_n and_o the_o captain_n the_o head_n of_o the_o body_n see_v here_o a_o military_a body_n proportion_v to_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man_n see_v how_o it_o receive_v motion_n and_o life_n distance_n be_v the_o soul_n that_o make_v it_o move_v care_v then_o ought_v to_o be_v have_v in_o move_v now_o this_o care_n be_v effect_v by_o the_o observe_n of_o distance_n three_o kind_n of_o distance_n be_v mention_v by_o aelian_a â—â—_o aeâ—â—aâ—_n chap._n â—â—_o for_o the_o open_n and_o shut_v of_o a_o phalange_n or_o battle_n the_o first_o be_v large_a distance_n of_o four_o cubit_n which_o amount_v to_o six_o foot_n the_o second_o be_v less_o but_o of_o two_o cubit_n which_o amount_v to_o three_o foot_n the_o three_o be_v of_o a_o lesser_a kind_n but_o of_o a_o cubit_n which_o amount_v at_o the_o most_o but_o to_o a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a these_o be_v all_o one_o and_o the_o same_o with_o open_a order_n order_n and_o close_a order_n open_v order_n be_v when_o every_o soldier_n in_o the_o battle_n take_v six_o foot_n both_o in_o file_n and_o ranke_n and_o march_v with_o their_o pike_n shoulder_v it_o be_v for_o ease_n in_o march_v be_v likewise_o of_o great_a use_n go_v against_o a_o fort_n or_o strong_a place_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o it_o give_v way_n to_o the_o cannon_n shoot_v and_o be_v of_o singular_a use_n to_o save_v your_o man_n we_o use_v to_o march_v thus_o when_o the_o enemy_n keep_v aloof_o off_o order_n be_v when_o every_o soldier_n in_o battle_n take_v three_o foot_n both_o in_o file_n and_o ranke_n and_o march_v with_o their_o pike_n either_o advance_v or_o port_a this_o be_v to_o prepare_v for_o skirmish_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_o close_o order_n be_v when_o every_o soldier_n in_o the_o battle_n take_v a_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a in_o file_n