much_o of_o the_o range_a and_o order_v of_o army_n for_o a_o fight_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o ensue_a chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a chap._n ix_o observation_n upon_o the_o certainty_n of_o order_n for_o dislodging_n a_o camp_n of_o retreat_n when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o a_o campagne_n and_o when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o narrow_n how_o to_o be_v order_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o a_o army_n force_v to_o lodge_v in_o open_a field_n of_o the_o encamp_a of_o a_o army_n of_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n of_o guard_n due_a to_o entrenchment_n and_o where_o to_o be_v place_v form_n of_o entrenchment_n when_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n be_v very_o near_o be_v in_o this_o chapter_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a we_o will_v first_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o of_o they_o a_o army_n be_v to_o dislodge_v and_o the_o general_n have_v give_v notice_n hereof_o to_o the_o lord_n marshal_n he_o the_o marshal_n be_v to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o quarter-master-general_n and_o the_o quartermaster_n to_o the_o provost-marshal-general_n and_o he_o to_o the_o quartermaster_n of_o the_o regiment_n and_o they_o to_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n and_o those_o to_o their_o subordinate_a officer_n who_o be_v to_o warn_v the_o common_a man_n now_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o provost-marshal-general_n be_v to_o give_v order_n to_o the_o provost-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n that_o they_o give_v command_n to_o the_o pioner_n suckler_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o soldier_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n and_o employ_v themselves_o in_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o the_o trench_n that_o they_o be_v to_o forsake_v and_o in_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o quarter_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v while_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v put_v themselves_o into_o their_o arm_n that_o so_o nothing_o may_v remain_v entire_a to_o give_v relief_n or_o any_o way_n to_o serve_v the_o enemy_n turn_v after_o they_o be_v forsake_v by_o themselves_o this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o scout_n send_v before_o to_o make_v discovery_n that_o corner_n or_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o the_o enemy_n be_v first_o to_o stir_v second_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vanguard_n then_o succee_v the_o other_o wing_n and_o then_o march_v the_o battle_n follow_v by_o the_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n cover_v with_o the_o rearguard_n close_v with_o troop_n of_o horse_n serve_v withal_o as_o scout_n to_o the_o army_n and_o to_o beat_v up_o straggler_n this_o have_v be_v receive_v for_o a_o general_a order_n of_o dislodging_n but_o sure_o this_o can_v be_v so_o precise_o and_o punctual_o observe_v but_o may_v and_o must_v suffer_v alteration_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n and_o ground_n that_o the_o dislodging_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o for_o hereby_o a_o army_n may_v sometime_o be_v force_v to_o march_v in_o break_a rank_n at_o another_o time_n have_v liberty_n to_o do_v it_o in_o a_o entire_a body_n neither_o can_v the_o place_n of_o the_o baggage_n be_v so_o ascertain_v to_o be_v either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o middle-guard_n but_o that_o in_o some_o case_n it_o may_v better_o be_v order_v in_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o army_n provide_v that_o that_o flank_n be_v the_o secure_a part_n for_o the_o place_n of_o most_o security_n be_v always_o the_o most_o proper_a for_o the_o place_v the_o impediment_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v dislodging_n of_o a_o army_n as_o for_o the_o order_n of_o retreat_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o battalion_n if_o the_o ground_n will_v allow_v it_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o sight_n and_o in_o front_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o rear_n be_v to_o march_v off_o and_o while_o they_o turn_v face_n about_o from_o the_o enemy_n the_o van_n and_o battle_n be_v to_o stand_v their_o ground_n as_o ready_a to_o receive_v all_o charge_n this_o do_v the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n be_v to_o move_v and_o in_o all_o point_n to_o observe_v the_o order_n and_o manner_n fore-practised_n by_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o van_n to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o when_o the_o rear_n and_o middle-guard_n have_v again_o make_v alt_z the_o van_n itself_o be_v to_o retreat_n and_o to_o have_v the_o wing_n of_o the_o horse_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o move_v and_o flank_n with_o it_o and_o lest_o the_o enemy_n shall_v charge_v upon_o the_o rear_n some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n with_o some_o cornet_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o man_n it_o and_o thus_o may_v a_o whole_a army_n maintain_v and_o continue_v a_o retreat_n so_o long_o as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v continue_v in_o a_o pursuit_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v a_o champion_n but_o if_o a_o army_n in_o the_o retreat_n the_o enemy_n follow_v be_v to_o pass_v through_o any_o narrow_n as_o upon_o dikes_n through_o lane_n over_o bridge_n in_o this_o case_n assoon_o as_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v enter_v any_o of_o these_o strait_n the_o horse_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o that_o first_o division_n and_o in_o the_o room_n whence_o these_o horse_n depart_v a_o strong_a stand_n of_o pike_n well_o flank_v with_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o make_v it_o good_a against_o the_o enemy_n horse_n and_o to_o stand_v firm_a and_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o for_o the_o bring_n off_o of_o these_o pike_n and_o shot_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o some_o brest-work_n or_o half_a moon_n or_o both_o be_v cast_v up_o at_o the_o point_n of_o the_o entrance_n upon_o the_o narrow_a wherein_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v and_o if_o cause_n require_v some_o small_a field-piece_n as_o drake_n or_o the_o like_a to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o his_o approach_n and_o make_v good_a the_o entrance_n the_o which_o small_a piece_n may_v be_v bring_v off_o upon_o the_o narrow_a in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o upon_o their_o proper_a carriage_n with_o their_o muzzle_n towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o be_v guard_v and_o secure_v by_o the_o pike_n in_o who_o rear_n they_o retreat_n now_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o this_o order_n be_v that_o though_o during_o a_o retreat_n in_o a_o champain_n and_o open_a ground_n the_o horse_n may_v be_v order_v to_o come_v up_o and_o retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n because_o with_o a_o small_a wheel_a about_o they_o may_v advantageous_o charge_v the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o flank_n if_o they_o shall_v attempt_v to_o fall_v on_o upon_o that_o rear_n and_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o foot_n also_o with_o face_n about_o may_v the_o while_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_v with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o pike_n and_o gall_v they_o with_o the_o shot_n wherewith_o they_o be_v line_v yet_o when_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o any_o straight_a these_o horse_n shall_v then_o best_o secure_v themselves_o by_o wheel_v about_o into_o that_o rear_n of_o the_o division_n of_o foot_n which_o have_v first_o enter_v upon_o that_o straight_a for_o hereby_o a_o stand_n or_o alt_z may_v be_v make_v good_a against_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pike_n which_o be_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o straight_a and_o these_o pike_n bring_v off_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o field-piece_n and_o musqueteer_n in_o the_o half_a moon_n and_o behind_o the_o brest-work_n former_o mention_v and_o they_o themselves_o bring_v off_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o last_o rear_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o drake_n or_o field-piece_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o to_o be_v secure_v partly_o by_o their_o own_o beat_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o they_o retreat_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o last_o reserve_v of_o pike_n and_o shot_n when_o he_o charge_v home_o and_o the_o want_n of_o the_o make_v use_n of_o this_o order_n in_o our_o retreat_n at_o the_o island_n of_o rey_n be_v the_o visible_a cause_n of_o our_o miscarry_v in_o it_o for_o all_o the_o while_o we_o march_v in_o open_a ground_n though_o all_o our_o horse_n retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o our_o foot_n and_o the_o enemy_n both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n double_v our_o number_n yet_o meddle_v they_o not_o with_o we_o but_o make_v alt_z when_o we_o do_v and_o march_v when_o we_o do_v but_o our_o force_n be_v get_v up_o to_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o dike_n betwixt_o the_o salt_n pan_n and_o our_o van_n and_o middle-guard_n well_o enter_v upon_o the_o dike_n and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n so_o close_o up_o with_o they_o that_o our_o horse_n can_v not_o wheel_v to_o put_v themselves_o betwixt_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n the_o enemy_n
shot_n in_o their_o front_n the_o better_a to_o give_v fire_n continual_o upon_o the_o breach_n until_o the_o arm_a man_n have_v recover_v the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o assault_n all_o the_o trench_n to_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o very_o best_a of_o the_o shot_n who_o be_v to_o beat_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o parapet_n that_o they_o may_v not_o give_v any_o aid_n to_o the_o defendant_n in_o flank_n and_o the_o whole_a camp_n beside_o to_o be_v in_o arm_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n as_o well_o for_o the_o more_o terror_n to_o the_o defendant_n as_o for_o the_o intercept_n of_o the_o enemy_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o interruption_n and_o if_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o breach_n the_o ditch_n can_v be_v convenient_o pass_v over_o by_o the_o way_n of_o gallery_n former_o describe_v the_o most_o proper_a course_n in_o stead_n of_o they_o may_v be_v after_o the_o breach_n be_v thorough_o make_v and_o the_o approach_n under_o the_o covert_n of_o the_o trench_n bring_v to_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ditch_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o say_a ditch_n with_o earth_n and_o faggot_n towards_o which_o also_o the_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n of_o the_o wall_n make_v by_o the_o battery_n will_v much_o conduce_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o moat_n of_o stand_a water_n or_o ditch_n so_o deep_a but_o by_o this_o course_n may_v be_v surmount_v true_a it_o be_v that_o sometime_o to_o this_o purpose_n long_o and_o great_a tree_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o ditch_n cover_v over_o and_o fasten_v together_o with_o plank_n and_o shadow_v on_o the_o side_n with_o blind_v but_o this_o be_v not_o hold_v so_o certain_a as_o the_o former_a though_o both_o of_o they_o be_v in_o use_n where_o the_o ditch_n have_v in_o it_o a_o stand_a water_n but_o if_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ditch_n be_v a_o current_n and_o any_o thing_n swift_a than_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o make_v a_o bridge_n upon_o a_o large_a boat_n the_o which_o be_v apt_v and_o contrive_v to_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ditch_n over_o against_o the_o breach_n be_v to_o have_v certain_a draw-bridge_n belong_v to_o it_o at_o each_o end_n one_o so_o fit_v that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o blind_v and_o covert_n also_o to_o shadow_v such_o man_n as_o be_v to_o conduct_v the_o bridge_n and_o be_v thus_o contrive_v and_o man_v it_o be_v to_o be_v suffer_v to_o float_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v first_o frame_v which_o must_v be_v in_o a_o place_n free_a from_o danger_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o be_v moor_v and_o make_v fast_o direct_o upon_o the_o breach_n that_o so_o the_o draw-bridge_n former_o mention_v be_v then_o let_v fall_v the_o soldier_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o main_a bridge_n may_v not_o only_o find_v a_o sufficient_a and_o well-secured_n passage_n for_o themselves_o but_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n also_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v be_v think_v needful_a to_o assault_v the_o breach_n and_o to_o storm_n and_o carry_v the_o town_n chap._n xv._o of_o all_o kind_n and_o form_n of_o battle_n of_o double_a battery_n and_o the_o like_a how_o the_o gun_n be_v to_o be_v mount_v in_o double_a battery_n of_o the_o gun_n proper_a for_o battery_n how_o employ_v before_o we_o leave_v this_o subject_n touch_v assault_n upon_o town_n and_o fort_n and_o the_o approach_v due_a unto_o they_o and_o though_o somewhat_o also_o have_v former_o be_v note_v touch_v battery_n yet_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o they_o every_o way_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o add_v somewhat_o more_o at_o large_a battery_n be_v mount_n of_o earth_n and_o their_o form_n be_v general_o thus_o contrive_v the_o side_n of_o the_o work_n towards_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v make_v cannon-proof_n that_o be_v of_o twenty_o five_o foot_n in_o thickness_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o flank_n of_o they_o they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o wall_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n thick_a only_o the_o one_o side_n of_o this_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v thick_a than_o the_o rest_n as_o rising_z with_o a_o walk_n and_o a_o parapet_n on_o the_o inside_n in_o their_o front_n they_o be_v to_o be_v line_v with_o two_o exterior_a angle_n and_o their_o face_n to_o be_v raise_v with_o open_a window_n or_o port_n as_o they_o be_v general_o call_v through_o which_o the_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o play_v on_o their_o inside_n they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o good_a groundsel_v or_o floor_n make_v of_o turf_n faggot_n or_o the_o like_a of_o eight_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o in_o breadth_n answerable_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n and_o this_o floor_n be_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o plank_n for_o the_o better_a traverse_v and_o reverse_v of_o the_o gun_n but_o before_o the_o raise_n or_o plant_v of_o any_o of_o these_o battery_n especial_a observation_n be_v to_o be_v take_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o possibility_n or_o likelihood_n of_o succour_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o place_n against_o which_o this_o battery_n be_v raise_v for_o if_o there_o be_v than_o care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o though_o the_o enemy_n shall_v give_v on_o with_o a_o main_a force_n yet_o the_o ordnance_n upon_o the_o battery_n may_v either_o be_v retreat_v or_o defend_v and_o this_o may_v be_v probable_o effect_v by_o firm_v the_o battery_n on_o all_o side_n and_o by_o so_o block_v up_o all_o avenue_n and_o make_v of_o convenient_a parapet_n that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o other_o access_n save_v by_o the_o very_a port_n where_o the_o piece_n lie_v and_o if_o the_o battery_n be_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v plant_v upon_o a_o dike_n and_o thereby_o may_v be_v in_o peril_n of_o be_v drown_v the_o height_n of_o the_o dike_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o provision_n make_v according_o and_o a_o passage_n towards_o the_o campagnia_fw-la to_o be_v guard_v and_o keep_v free_a that_o so_o the_o piece_n may_v be_v carry_v off_o that_o way_n if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o remedy_n and_o because_o it_o be_v general_o necessary_a and_o especial_o in_o some_o case_n that_o the_o piece_n of_o battery_n be_v lodge_v in_o secret_a and_o as_o much_o obscure_v from_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n in_o the_o town_n as_o possible_o may_v be_v one_o especial_a course_n tend_v this_o way_n may_v be_v practise_v by_o make_v a_o convenient_a descent_n in_o the_o platform_n and_o that_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o piece_n may_v make_v their_o reverse_n so_o downward_o as_o be_v reverse_v may_v full_o hide_v themselves_o from_o the_o enemy_n view_n and_o then_o to_o be_v draw_v up_o again_o by_o pulley_n and_o cord_n well_o fasten_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o battery_n aloft_o true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o gun_n thus_o lodge_v be_v only_o to_o be_v employ_v upon_o the_o very_a nick_n of_o occasion_n and_o not_o ordinary_o a_o second_o way_n therefore_o there_o be_v by_o make_v a_o double_a battery_n in_o this_o manner_n first_o of_o all_o a_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v with_o shoulder_n and_o port_n sufficient_o deep_a equal_a and_o large_a as_o well_o before_o as_o behind_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n that_o through_o they_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n may_v be_v discover_v in_o a_o right_a line_n this_o do_v another_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v frame_v with_o port_n and_o shoulder_n in_o a_o due_a and_o answerable_a proportion_n ten_o foot_n behind_o this_o from_o which_o through_o the_o port_n of_o the_o other_o the_o enemy_n piece_n may_v also_o be_v perfect_o see_v in_o a_o right_a line_n and_o in_o these_o innermost_a port_n the_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o be_v mount_v the_o which_o nevertheless_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o foremost_a battery_n will_v lie_v so_o close_o shadow_v and_o hide_a that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v very_o hardly_o discover_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o to_o any_o hurt_n or_o damage_n a_o three_o way_n to_o this_o purpose_n may_v be_v by_o the_o choice_n and_o lay_v out_o of_o a_o natural_a piece_n of_o ground_n before_o which_o a_o ditch_n be_v sink_v to_o the_o depth_n of_o eleven_o foot_n which_o will_v give_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n for_o the_o gun_n and_o those_o that_o manage_v they_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v for_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o gun_n with_o the_o distance_n of_o twenty_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o in_o their_o be_v lodge_v have_v a_o overplus_n of_o ground_n behind_o they_o which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o pioner_n be_v so_o to_o be_v sink_v that_o man_n may_v safe_o pass_v to_o and_o again_o behind_o they_o undiscovered_a upon_o which_o plank_n be_v artificial_o lay_v the_o gun_n be_v
a_o private_a company_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o army_n to_o exercise_v a_o company_n exact_o it_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o corporalship_n and_o then_o subdivide_v into_o as_o many_o file_n as_o the_o number_n will_v bear_v and_o every_o file_n into_o fellowship_n or_o camerado_n the_o corporal_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o be_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o chief_a file_n thereof_o and_o the_o lanceprisado_n who_o in_o the_o corporal_n absence_n when_o he_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n or_o elsewhere_o execute_v the_o corporal_n duty_n be_v to_o lead_v another_o file_n and_o the_o practic_n and_o ready_a man_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o rest_n the_o company_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o order_v these_o thing_n be_v main_o to_o be_v teach_v the_o carriage_n and_o use_n of_o arm_n march_n and_o motion_n and_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n and_o word_n of_o command_n and_o direction_n which_o be_v right_o term_v the_o soldier_n vocabula_fw-la artis_fw-la the_o carriage_n of_o arm_n be_v to_o be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o most_o of_o comeliness_n and_o use_n the_o use_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v either_o in_o receive_v or_o give_v a_o charge_n by_o be_v teach_v the_o first_o the_o soldier_n learn_v to_o withstand_v the_o horse_n by_o the_o second_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n pike_n and_o to_o understand_v when_o and_o how_o every_o man_n and_o so_o every_o rank_n be_v to_o give_v their_o push_n or_o blow_v in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o musket_n the_o soldier_n be_v first_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o present_v his_o piece_n how_o to_o take_v his_o level_n and_o when_o to_o give_v his_o volley_n with_o those_o of_o his_o rank_n now_o the_o ancient_a and_o vulgar_a manner_n of_o discipline_n for_o the_o give_v of_o volley_n of_o shot_n be_v that_o all_o the_o shot_n of_o one_o corporalship_n shall_v give_v fire_n at_o once_o but_o this_o be_v absolute_o condemnable_a 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may_v be_v thus_o deliver_v although_o the_o whole_a file_n of_o man_n shall_v consist_v but_o of_o fifteen_o in_o all_o as_o for_o the_o discipline_n belong_v to_o march_n after_o every_o man_n once_o know_v his_o proper_a place_n and_o understand_v how_o to_o observe_v his_o file_n and_o rank_n there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n at_o all_o in_o a_o plain_a march_n in_o a_o countermarch_v also_o if_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o file_n be_v well_o choose_v and_o that_o every_o man_n observe_v his_o lead_a man_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n neither_o as_o touch_v motion_n some_o be_v perform_v without_o change_n of_o place_n by_o turn_v only_o their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a or_o about_o as_o the_o enemy_n be_v find_v to_o charge_n either_o in_o flank_n or_o rear_n some_o require_v a_o change_n of_o place_n and_o these_o motion_n be_v perform_v by_o remove_v from_o one_o rank_n to_o another_o and_o then_o some_o move_v and_o some_o stand_v still_o 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soldier_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v not_o only_o to_o know_v and_o observe_v what_o the_o drummer_n beat_v but_o what_o time_n he_o keep_v in_o beat_v that_z according_o they_o may_v hasten_v or_o slack_v their_o marching_n as_o by_o the_o voice_n they_o be_v call_v upon_o to_o all_o other_o motion_n of_o which_o likewise_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v chap._n iu._n of_o great_a gun_n due_a to_o a_o army-royal_a of_o the_o kind_n and_o choice_n of_o they_o of_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n to_o draw_v great_a gun_n the_o best_a way_n of_o draw_v heavy_a gun_n we_o have_v go_v thus_o far_o towards_o the_o proportion_v of_o the_o body_n of_o a_o army_n as_o to_o bring_v the_o man_n or_o body_n together_o to_o fit_v they_o with_o chief_n and_o commander_n and_o to_o give_v they_o some_o knowledge_n in_o the_o use_n of_o their_o arm_n we_o have_v likewise_o speak_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o our_o first_o book_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o arm_n as_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o person_n of_o man_n and_o be_v portable_a in_o their_o hand_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v those_o sort_n of_o arm_n or_o weapon_n which_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v with_o army_n but_o be_v not_o portable_a by_o the_o man_n and_o these_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o artillery_n or_o great_a gun_n of_o which_o though_o we_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o our_o treatise_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v lodge_v in_o fort_n and_o town_n of_o war_n and_o to_o be_v employ_v against_o they_o and_o not_o of_o those_o to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o field_n and_o to_o accompany_v and_o march_v with_o a_o
rock_n island_n hill_n and_o neck_n of_o land_n but_o herein_o it_o be_v careful_o to_o be_v observe_v that_o none_o of_o these_o place_n be_v command_v by_o a_o external_a height_n or_o if_o they_o be_v that_o that_o part_n be_v fortify_v also_o observation_n be_v also_o to_o be_v make_v that_o the_o soil_n of_o the_o part_n be_v not_o sandie_n for_o then_o there_o can_v be_v no_o repair_n either_o against_o battery_n or_o sap._n respect_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v have_v to_o the_o air_n that_o it_o be_v wholesome_a and_o especial_o that_o the_o place_n be_v well_o provide_v with_o water_n and_o so_o that_o it_o can_v be_v cut_v off_o by_o the_o enemy_n that_o it_o be_v in_o a_o country_n well_o furnish_v with_o victual_n of_o all_o kind_n and_o withal_o so_o site_v that_o it_o may_v serve_v as_o a_o bull-work_n unto_o that_o country_n either_o by_o a_o guard_n of_o a_o port_n or_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o passage_n that_o it_o be_v apt_a to_o offend_v a_o enemy_n on_o all_o side_n by_o sally_n for_o so_o it_o shall_v be_v apt_a also_o to_o be_v relieve_v and_o can_v be_v block_v up_o with_o any_o one_o fort_n alone_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o to_o require_v overmany_a man_n to_o man_n and_o defend_v it_o nor_o so_o little_a as_o not_o of_o capacity_n to_o receive_v a_o sufficiency_n of_o hand_n to_o give_v a_o impediment_n to_o a_o enemy_n in_o his_o passage_n the_o mean_a betwixt_o these_o two_o be_v when_o in_o the_o diameter_n it_o consist_v of_o three_o or_o four_o hundred_o pace_n and_o last_o that_o it_o be_v in_o such_o a_o part_n as_o that_o no_o siege_n can_v be_v bring_v before_o it_o but_o by_o a_o army_n divide_v to_o which_o end_n the_o situation_n upon_o river_n and_o tongue_n of_o land_n lie_v betwixt_o two_o river_n be_v most_o proper_a and_o convenient_a and_o these_o be_v the_o usual_a advertisement_n and_o observation_n to_o be_v make_v and_o receive_v in_o the_o point_n of_o choice_n of_o the_o place_n and_o part_n that_o be_v fit_a for_o fortification_n whereunto_o i_o shall_v only_o add_v thus_o much_o confirm_v herein_o by_o gyrolamo_n maggi_n lib._n della_fw-it fortif_n l._n 1._o fol._n 4._o and_o jacomo_n castriotto_n approve_a engineer_n that_o in_o new_a part_n to_o be_v inhabit_v upon_o any_o terra_fw-la firma_fw-la or_o any_o large_a island_n where_o all_o landing-place_n be_v too_o many_o to_o be_v secure_v by_o fortification_n the_o most_o useful_a and_o provident_a part_n to_o raise_v the_o strong_a piece_n upon_o be_v in_o some_o midland_n place_n where_o there_o be_v a_o intention_n to_o settle_v the_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v to_o have_v some_o small_a piece_n of_o fortification_n round_o about_o it_o or_o near_o unto_o it_o upon_o the_o most_o likely_a and_o obvious_a avenue_n that_o so_o a_o assault_a enemy_n may_v be_v impedit_v in_o his_o approach_n as_o not_o dare_v to_o leave_v a_o enemy_n behind_o he_o whereby_o he_o may_v be_v in_o eminent_a peril_n of_o be_v cut_v off_o from_o all_o manner_n of_o supply_n and_o may_v expect_v to_o receive_v continual_a molestation_n by_o those_o in_o the_o fort_n leave_v behind_o he_o and_o likewise_o the_o inhabitant_n may_v find_v mean_v not_o only_o to_o shelter_v themselves_o in_o their_o person_n but_o to_o save_v their_o good_n and_o cattle_n within_o and_o under_o the_o command_n of_o this_o fort_n thus_o situate_v chap._n iu._n the_o perfection_n of_o work_n due_a to_o fortification_n in_o the_o point_n of_o a_o bulwark_n and_o its_o part_n and_o in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o curtain_n and_o its_o defence_n the_o part_n proper_a for_o fortification_n be_v thus_o find_v some_o caveat_n be_v to_o be_v receive_v touch_v the_o perfect_a of_o the_o work_n and_o these_o be_v that_o a_o especial_a care_n be_v take_v that_o the_o bulwark_n be_v not_o hollow_a and_o that_o the_o piazza_n or_o plain_n thereof_o be_v raise_v equal_a with_o the_o rampart_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o parapet_n and_o that_o there_o be_v no_o vault_n nor_o casemate_n that_o may_v give_v impediment_n to_o the_o play_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n either_o by_o blinding_n with_o smoke_n or_o any_o other_o way_n that_o no_o angle_n of_o a_o bulwark_n be_v over-small_a lest_o it_o prove_v easy_a to_o be_v batter_v nor_o over-large_a lest_o the_o point_n with_o a_o small_a battery_n be_v hide_v from_o the_o flank_n that_o every_o bull-work_n have_v his_o countermine_n the_o which_o though_o some_o think_v by_o way_n of_o save_v of_o charge_n may_v be_v timely_a enough_o do_v when_o a_o enemy_n begin_v to_o make_v his_o approach_n yet_o for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v approve_v of_o so_o thrifty_a a_o presumption_n that_o every_o bull-work_n have_v two_o sally-port_n as_o secret_o contrive_v as_o may_v be_v to_o which_o end_n the_o angle_n of_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o bull-work_n be_v the_o most_o proper_a part_n that_o every_o flank_n regard_v the_o face_n of_o the_o opposite_a bull-work_n that_o so_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v dislodge_v from_o mining_n the_o rampart_n that_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o flank_n be_v a_o right_a angle_n because_o a_o obtuse_a angle_n lay_v the_o cannoneer_n or_o porthole_n over-open_a and_o a_o sharp_a angle_n disorder_v the_o face_n of_o the_o piazza_n of_o the_o bull-work_n and_o of_o the_o ear_n thereof_o that_o there_o be_v in_o every_o flank_n one_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n at_o the_o least_o so_o secure_v as_o that_o it_o may_v serve_v for_o a_o constant_a defence_n for_o the_o opposite_a bullwork_n that_o the_o porthole_n next_o to_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o curtain_n lie_v as_o little_o discover_v as_o possible_o may_v be_v provide_v nevertheless_o that_o they_o regard_v and_o scour_v the_o ditch_n and_o the_o cover_a way_n or_o false_a bray_n with_o some_o part_n of_o the_o circumjacent_a campagnia_fw-la that_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o face_n of_o every_o bulwark_n be_v take_v out_o of_o half_a of_o the_o curtain_n and_o so_o be_v make_v that_o it_o may_v be_v regarded_n by_o the_o flank_n thereby_o prohibit_v a_o enemy_n to_o i_o the_o which_o can_v be_v do_v if_o the_o defence_n shall_v be_v take_v from_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o flank_n as_o of_o old_a that_o the_o distance_n from_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o flank_n to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o opposite_a bulwark_n be_v not_o above_o two_o hundred_o pace_n within_o which_o distance_n the_o great_a gun_n may_v work_v their_o effect_n nor_o few_o than_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o that_o so_o the_o defendant_n guard_v in_o the_o flank_n may_v not_o be_v offend_v by_o the_o enemy_n musquetier_n from_o the_o point_n of_o the_o counterscarp_n that_o the_o port_n be_v make_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o curtain_n and_o not_o of_o the_o flank_n nor_o ear_n which_o otherwise_o may_v be_v weaken_v by_o they_o that_o no_o part_n be_v discover_v from_o the_o spalto_n or_o shoulder_n so_o shall_v it_o not_o be_v subject_a to_o battery_n or_o at_o the_o least_o not_o to_o the_o same_o battery_n of_o the_o point_n or_o flank_n that_o the_o curtain_n between_o the_o bulwork_n be_v draw_v in_o a_o right_a line_n that_o no_o bridge_n lead_v direct_o to_o any_o part_n of_o the_o work_n that_o so_o the_o use_n of_o petard_n may_v be_v frustrate_v and_o this_o also_o may_v be_v do_v by_o draw-bridge_n that_o the_o whole_a work_n command_v round_o every_o way_n over_o all_o the_o plain_a where_o it_o be_v erect_v and_o these_o be_v the_o material_a and_o principal_a observation_n and_o advertisement_n due_a to_o work_n of_o fortification_n when_o new_a one_o be_v to_o be_v raise_v and_o the_o choice_n of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v have_v at_o pleasure_n chap._n v._o of_o defective_a piece_n of_o fortification_n of_o the_o form_n of_o work_n the_o triangular_a the_o worst_a form_n we_o be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o make_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v such_o piece_n of_o fortification_n as_o be_v defective_a either_o in_o respect_n of_o form_n or_o otherwise_o and_o all_o such_o be_v so_o to_o be_v hold_v which_o participate_v not_o of_o the_o correspondence_n and_o defence_n which_o they_o shall_v borrow_v one_o of_o another_o now_o this_o mal-correspondence_n may_v be_v reform_v by_o give_v to_o the_o part_n of_o the_o same_o denomination_n equal_a proportion_n in_o height_n breadth_n length_n and_o declination_n if_o the_o situation_n will_v possible_o permit_v and_o the_o defence_n be_v secure_v and_o amend_v by_o increase_v of_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwork_n to_o such_o a_o moderation_n as_o that_o they_o be_v not_o carry_v to_o the_o prohibit_v term_n of_o sharpness_n the_o which_o for_o all_o that_o serve_v not_o for_o the_o reformation_n of_o all_o old_a work_n but_o only_o for_o such_o as_o be_v regular_a as_o for_o the_o irregular_a beside_o the_o
borse_n where_o the_o expense_n in_o these_o kind_n alone_o be_v on_o the_o assailant_n part_v infinite_a great_a and_o the_o effect_n no_o less_o admirable_a chap._n ix_o of_o gun_n in_o a_o town_n of_o war_n where_o best_o to_o be_v place_v have_v go_v thus_o far_o in_o the_o point_n of_o fort_n and_o fortifying_n of_o town_n of_o war_n we_o be_v to_o give_v some_o advertisement_n about_o the_o artillery_n and_o gun_n belong_v and_o due_a unto_o they_o it_o be_v the_o general_a opinion_n that_o in_o a_o town_n of_o war_n of_o the_o true_a size_n which_o as_o before_o say_v be_v to_o be_v in_o the_o diameter_n betwixt_o three_o and_o four_o hundred_o pace_n there_o be_v not_o to_o be_v few_o than_o sixty_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n which_o be_v thus_o qualify_v of_o cannon_n twelve_o shoot_v forty_o pound_n of_o iron_n which_o be_v to_o be_v employ_v in_o counter-battery_n of_o demy-cannon_n eighteen_o shoot_v twenty_o four_o pound_n of_o iron_n for_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o enemy_n defence_n and_o trench_n of_o those_o call_v by_o the_o french_a quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n shoot_v ten_o pound_n of_o iron_n wherewith_o to_o offend_v the_o enemy_n in_o his_o approach_n and_o to_o endanger_v his_o sentinel_n and_o out-watche_n of_o field-piece_n twenty_o shoot_v five_o pound_n of_o iron_n or_o seven_o and_o a_o half_a of_o lead_n to_o be_v employ_v not_o only_o upon_o the_o wall_n and_o rampart_n but_o upon_o the_o entry_n of_o breach_n and_o beside_o all_o these_o three_o morter-piece_n at_o the_o least_o for_o the_o throw_n of_o granade_n and_o firework_n into_o the_o enemy_n trench_n and_o to_o give_v light_n in_o the_o nighttime_n for_o discovery_n of_o the_o enemy_n work_n these_o be_v the_o repartition_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n account_v requisite_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o well-fortified_n town_n wherein_o i_o shall_v only_o advise_v to_o change_v the_o twelve_o whole_a cannon_n for_o so_o many_o half_a one_o and_o my_o reason_n be_v first_o because_o they_o be_v more_o manageable_a second_o in_o that_o they_o may_v the_o often_o and_o with_o more_o ease_n be_v charge_v discharge_v and_o recharge_v three_o in_o regard_n that_o they_o do_v not_o over-shake_a their_o wall_n and_o work_n as_o cannon_n do_v and_o last_o in_o that_o they_o exact_v not_o so_o many_o hand_n to_o manage_v they_o nor_o require_v so_o great_a expense_n of_o powder_n as_o the_o other_o as_o for_o the_o part_n and_o particular_a place_n where_o these_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v and_o especial_o during_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n the_o rule_n be_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n plant_v his_o battery_n against_o the_o curtain_n of_o the_o wall_n the_o gun_n in_o the_o town_n be_v to_o be_v mount_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n next_o unto_o that_o curtain_n where_o the_o enemy_n batter_v lodging_n withal_o some_o few_o piece_n upon_o the_o inmost_a brink_n of_o the_o ditch_n which_o flanker_n with_o the_o breach_n but_o in_o this_o point_n especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o these_o piece_n as_o well_o on_o the_o bastion_n as_o ditch_n be_v never_o suffer_v to_o play_v save_v when_o the_o enemy_n present_v himself_o in_o multitude_n to_o force_v the_o breach_n that_o so_o they_o may_v lie_v undiscovered_a but_o if_o the_o enemy_n batter_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n than_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o bastion_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v and_o retrench_v and_o within_o this_o retrenchment_n some_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v and_o with_o good_a shoulder_n to_o be_v well_o cover_v and_o shadow_v until_o the_o enemy_n adventure_n to_o force_v the_o breach_n and_o then_o to_o be_v thorough_o employ_v on_o the_o sudden_a and_o this_o retrenchment_n may_v also_o be_v use_v in_o defence_n of_o the_o curtain_n if_o there_o be_v a_o void_a place_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o half_a moon_n or_o the_o like_a piece_n of_o work_n and_o thus_o be_v the_o great_a gun_n to_o be_v lodge_v and_o employ_v in_o a_o well-fortified_n town_n of_o war._n chap._n x._o of_o the_o outwork_n requisite_a to_o a_o town_n of_o war._n of_o the_o ditch_n the_o ravelin_n horn-work_n counter-scarp_a half_a moon_n have_v thus_o far_o discourse_v of_o the_o inward_a work_v of_o a_o town_n of_o war_n we_o shall_v now_o advertise_v somewhat_o also_o of_o the_o outwork_n and_o first_o of_o the_o moat_n or_o ditch_n which_o lie_v the_o next_o without_o the_o town-wall_n and_o be_v sometime_o in_o some_o place_n without_o water_n sometime_o fill_v with_o water_n and_o again_o sometime_o fill_v with_o a_o stand_a water_n sometime_o with_o a_o current_n now_o of_o these_o particular_n as_o also_o of_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ditch_n some_o dispute_n have_v be_v which_o shall_v be_v the_o best_a of_o which_o as_o affect_v brevity_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o the_o dry_a ditch_n may_v be_v fit_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o work_v that_o may_v be_v make_v in_o it_o and_o the_o wet_a in_o regard_n of_o retard_v and_o trouble_v of_o a_o enemy_n and_o force_v of_o he_o to_o fill_v it_o up_o or_o to_o lay_v gallery_n over_o it_o the_o second_o out-work_n without_o the_o wall_n be_v the_o ravelin_n and_o these_o general_o be_v cut_v out_o trianglewise_a and_o be_v raise_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o serve_v as_o well_o to_o defend_v and_o scour_v the_o ditch_n as_o also_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o casemate_n the_o three_o work_n without-dore_n be_v that_o call_v the_o counter-scarp_a and_o it_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o brest-work_n cut_v incline_v by_o little_a and_o little_a downward_o and_o site_v on_o the_o outmost_a shore_n or_o side_n of_o the_o ditch_n and_o it_o serve_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o musquetier_n the_o four_o work_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v term_v a_o horn-work_n and_o it_o be_v contrive_v to_o secure_v and_o scour_v the_o curtain_n of_o the_o counter-scarp_a and_o it_o take_v the_o name_n by_o have_v their_o corner_n of_o the_o front_n shape_v like_o a_o fork_n or_o two_o horn_n join_v together_o last_o of_o all_o before_o these_o horn-work_n be_v again_o cut_v out_o certain_a place_n of_o a_o safe_a retreat_n call_v half_a moon_n and_o these_o be_v also_o fortify_v with_o a_o counter-scarp_a about_o one_o cubit_n in_o height_n and_o into_o these_o half_a moon_n be_v passage_n cut_v out_o for_o the_o soldier_n to_o go_v from_o the_o front_n of_o the_o horn-work_n behind_o they_o over_o little_a draw-bridge_n throw_v over_o their_o ditch_n and_o these_o be_v the_o chief_a and_o prime_n of_o all_o those_o piece_n term_v outwork_n which_o to_o speak_v true_o be_v rather_o the_o repair_v and_o succour_n of_o faulty_a piece_n of_o fortification_n than_o any_o true_a one_o themselves_o touch_v all_o which_o in_o general_a and_o especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o both_o the_o outward_a and_o inward_a work_v of_o a_o true_a fortify_v place_n be_v so_o contrive_v and_o so_o correspond_v one_o to_o another_o that_o some_o of_o they_o lie_v high_o than_o other_o and_o other_o again_o in_o a_o equal_a height_n they_o may_v with_o the_o more_o surety_n defend_v each_o other_o from_o the_o flank_n and_o from_o above_o so_o that_o from_o the_o outmost_a to_o the_o next_o to_o it_o and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o rest_n there_o may_v be_v a_o safe_a retreat_n for_o the_o defendant_n upon_o all_o occasion_n chap._n xi_o way_n of_o defence_n by_o protraction_n frustration_n battery_n mine_n assault_n how_o to_o make_v void_a defence_n of_o town_n by_o way_n of_o sally_n how_o to_o carry_v off_o a_o garrison_n out_o of_o a_o sea-town_n we_o shall_v now_o propound_v some_o course_n of_o defence_n by_o way_n of_o protraction_n and_o other_o by_o way_n of_o frustration_n whereby_o a_o besiege_a place_n may_v haply_o preserve_v itself_o against_o expugnation_n now_o the_o course_n by_o protraction_n be_v either_o by_o the_o raise_n of_o some_o small_a fort_n or_o by_o counter-approache_n or_o sally_n the_o fort_n to_o this_o purpose_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v within_o musquet-shot_a of_o the_o town_n who_o ditch_n be_v to_o be_v emboque_v from_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o bulwark_n or_o at_o the_o least_o from_o some_o part_n of_o the_o curtain_n from_o which_o also_o the_o platform_n of_o the_o fort_n be_v to_o be_v whole_o discover_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v gain_v they_o he_o may_v as_o sudden_o be_v beat_v out_o and_o disable_v from_o maintain_v they_o the_o counter-approache_n be_v to_o be_v emboque_v from_o the_o flank_n and_o to_o begin_v at_o the_o counter-scarp_a and_o so_o to_o be_v carry_v towards_o the_o enemy_n approach_n and_o the_o use_n of_o these_o be_v both_o to_o delay_v the_o enemy_n in_o his_o approach_n and_o to_o lodge_v soldier_n in_o from_o whence_o they_o may_v aid_v the_o defendant_n
to_o the_o first_o requirable_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o war_n and_o that_o be_v munition_n it_o remain_v to_o take_v some_o notice_n of_o powder_n and_o victual_v and_o so_o to_o end_v this_o our_o first_o book_n and_o first_o concern_v powder_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o speak_v of_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o and_o the_o lodging_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v get_v for_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o or_o the_o trial_n of_o it_o that_o powder_n which_o be_v lay_v upon_o a_o smooth_a stone_n or_o plank_n or_o the_o like_a have_v fire_n give_v unto_o it_o do_v mount_v upward_o with_o a_o clear_a fire_n and_o flame_n without_o much_o smoke_n and_o without_o leave_v any_o soil_n or_o mark_v upon_o the_o stone_n or_o plank_n may_v be_v receive_v for_o good_a powder_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o upon_o the_o fire_n there_o remain_v any_o moist_a white_a substance_n somewhat_o bluish_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o brimstone_n be_v not_o sufficient_o purify_v wherewith_o that_o powder_n be_v mix_v if_o there_o remain_v any_o grain_n of_o a_o earthly_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o it_o be_v not_o well_o ground_v nor_o cleanse_v if_o there_o be_v whitish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v too_o salt_n and_o neither_o well_o ground_v nor_o purify_v if_o there_o be_v see_v any_o red_a or_o tawnyish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o token_n that_o the_o coal_n be_v not_o well_o prepare_v if_o powder_n some_o small_a quantity_n be_v lay_v upon_o one_o hand_n and_o there_o fire_v offend_v not_o the_o hand_n at_o all_o or_o very_o little_a but_o result_v with_o a_o small_a noise_n or_o puff_n it_o be_v a_o singular_a sign_n of_o excellent_a good_a powder_n as_o for_o the_o way_n of_o trial_n without_o fire_n if_o powder_n be_v bite_v by_o one_o tooth_n taste_v moderate_o salt_n it_o be_v a_o tolerable_a token_n of_o its_o goodness_n if_o it_o be_v of_o colour_n not_o over-black_a nor_o obscure_a but_o somewhat_o tend_v to_o a_o red_a it_o be_v a_o 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otherwise_o ensue_v be_v absolute_o prevent_v and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o particular_a of_o powder_n as_o for_o that_o of_o victual_n it_o be_v obvious_a to_o every_o judgement_n that_o it_o must_v be_v provide_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o march_n and_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n that_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o i_o shall_v therefore_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o course_n of_o conduct_v it_o and_o of_o those_o kind_n of_o people_n that_o be_v to_o sell_v it_o term_v suckler_n for_o the_o order_n of_o conduction_n of_o victual_n to_o or_o for_o a_o army_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v peril_n of_o be_v charge_v by_o a_o enemy_n upon_o the_o way_n command_n be_v to_o be_v give_v that_o all_o the_o disorder_a multitude_n of_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n wherein_o the_o victual_n and_o the_o like_a baggage_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v be_v put_v in_o equipage_n either_o before_o day_n or_o very_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n of_o that_o day_n wherein_o they_o be_v to_o march_v and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n some_o troop_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o to_o discover_v upon_o all_o the_o advennes_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o for_o the_o better_a safeguard_n the_o artillery_n appoint_v for_o their_o guard_n may_v be_v useful_o place_v both_o in_o the_o van_n of_o these_o carriage_n and_o in_o their_o rear_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n if_o he_o shall_v approach_v by_o any_o of_o those_o way_n but_o by_o their_o thunder_a to_o give_v notice_n which_o way_n the_o enemy_n come_v that_o so_o the_o soldier_n may_v take_v a_o general_a alarm_n and_o according_a to_o former_a direction_n repair_v to_o the_o part_n that_o shall_v most_o require_v assistance_n both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n also_o where_o the_o cart_n of_o provision_n be_v to_o pass_v be_v to_o be_v guard_v with_o loose_a wing_n of_o horse_n and_o with_o they_o some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n may_v be_v advantageous_o intermix_v and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o horse_n may_v bring_v up_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n may_v the_o carriage_n march_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v any_o charge_n diligence_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v use_v that_o such_o way_n of_o march_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v be_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o be_v least_o subject_n to_o ambushment_n and_o that_o whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o come_v to_o blow_n it_o may_v be_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n to_o which_o end_n either_o altes_n be_v to_o be_v make_v or_o a_o quick_a march_n to_o be_v practise_v as_o cause_n require_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n also_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o wagon_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o trench_n draw_v the_o soldier_n within_o they_o when_o a_o desperate_a charge_n be_v attempt_v by_o the_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o prime_a conductor_n of_o these_o victualler_n and_o victual_n he_o be_v to_o be_v the_o first_o man_n out_o of_o the_o quarter_n when_o these_o troop_n be_v to_o march_v and_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o they_o all_o and_o to_o hasten_v they_o forward_o and_o when_o they_o be_v wellnear_o all_o pass_v by_o he_o be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o though_o now_o and_o then_o he_o may_v advance_v before_o into_o such_o part_n as_o he_o conceive_v may_o most_o require_v his_o presence_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o last_o man_n that_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n he_o be_v also_o to_o observe_v that_o all_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o that_o guard_n be_v quarter_v before_o the_o dark_a of_o the_o night_n that_o so_o while_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o daylight_n he_o may_v ride_v round_o about_o the_o quarter_n to_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v sure_a care_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v have_v if_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v that_o intelligence_n be_v get_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n peasant_n as_o well_o of_o the_o way_n as_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o as_o well_o for_o conveniency_n as_o safety_n to_o which_o end_n all_o bridge_n and_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v know_v possess_v and_o guard_v spy_v also_o be_v continual_o to_o be_v employ_v to_o gain_v knowledge_n and_o to_o give_v notice_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_n and_o sentinel_n in_o the_o nighttime_n to_o be_v place_v upon_o all_o avenue_n and_o if_o a_o extraordinary_a strength_n be_v expect_v to_o assault_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o raise_v some_o redoubt_n and_o fort_n upon_o the_o way_n and_o passage_n and_o upon_o all_o place_n where_o a_o enemy_n may_v opportune_o give_v on_o touch_v the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n and_o merchant_n and_o artificer_n which_o follow_v a_o army_n they_o be_v not_o any_o of_o they_o to_o bring_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n or_o merchandise_n into_o the_o camp_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o general_n who_o be_v to_o command_v to_o have_v they_o well_o view_v lest_o their_o victual_n shall_v be_v corrupt_a and_o infect_v the_o soldier_n with_o sickness_n and_o their_o merchandise_n sophisticated_a and_o the_o soldier_n cheat_v and_o abuse_v nor_o be_v these_o man_n to_o sell_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n but_o in_o that_o part_n and_o place_n where_o the_o quarter-master-general_n shall_v appoint_v lest_o disorder_n grow_v in_o the_o quarter_n nor_o there_o neither_o but_o at_o such_o time_n and_o at_o such_o a_o rate_n as_o shall_v be_v allow_v by_o the_o provost-marshall-general_n that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o extortion_n upon_o the_o soldier_n and_o if_o any_o of_o these_o shall_v be_v find_v delinquent_n in_o any_o of_o these_o kind_n he_o be_v to_o incur_v the_o penalty_n of_o imprisonment_n and_o confiscation_n of_o his_o
general_n and_o be_v well_o arm_v to_o advance_v in_o all_o place_n of_o danger_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v over-engaged_n in_o his_o own_o person_n they_o be_v to_o inform_v themselves_o thorough_o as_o well_o of_o all_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o of_o the_o mean_n of_o disable_n they_o and_o last_o they_o be_v to_o overlook_v the_o pioner_n and_o such_o as_o labour_v at_o the_o battery_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o act_v their_o part_n diligent_o and_o useful_o upon_o all_o occasion_n the_o peculiar_a duty_n of_o the_o conductor_n of_o the_o artillery_n be_v to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o wagon_n and_o carriage_n belong_v to_o the_o whole_a train_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v order_v according_a to_o instruction_n from_o the_o general_n they_o be_v also_o to_o see_v all_o the_o powder_n and_o shot_n to_o be_v safe_o lodge_v and_o guard_v they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o every_o one_o in_o his_o allot_v place_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o battery_n and_o there_o to_o execute_v due_o and_o diligent_o whatsoever_o the_o general_n shall_v appoint_v the_o part_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o artillery_n be_v to_o lay_v out_o and_o describe_v all_o the_o port_n of_o the_o battery_n to_o visit_v all_o the_o great_a gun_n when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o quarter_n and_o to_o see_v they_o in_o point_n to_o see_v they_o conduct_v to_o the_o battery_n and_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o gunner_n with_o all_o the_o appurrenance_n belong_v to_o they_o as_o coin_n lever_n ladle_n sponge_n rammer_n shot_n powder_n wads_n tackle_n and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v likewise_o to_o take_v a_o survey_n and_o to_o advertise_v all_o the_o due_a refresh_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o to_o make_v they_o know_v to_o the_o lieutenant_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o ordnance_n they_o be_v to_o caliber_n and_o fit_a all_o the_o shot_n to_o the_o bear_v of_o every_o great_a gun_n and_o to_o see_v they_o lay_v on_o heap_n by_o every_o piece_n they_o be_v also_o to_o have_v a_o care_n that_o the_o gunner_n be_v sufficient_o fit_v with_o linstock_n arm_v with_o their_o short_a sword_n provide_v with_o their_o powder-horn_n and_o prime_a iron_n of_o all_o size_n and_o with_o their_o compass_n quadrant_n and_o the_o like_a necessary_n they_o be_v also_o upon_o the_o cast_n of_o any_o new_a piece_n to_o visit_v they_o careful_o and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v every_o way_n order_v according_a to_o command_n and_o direction_n from_o the_o general_n as_o for_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o gunner_n it_o be_v general_o know_v what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v and_o some_o print_a pamphlet_n teach_v how_o to_o do_v it_o i_o shall_v not_o enlarge_v myself_o far_o that_o way_n then_o only_o to_o give_v some_o few_o caveat_n and_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n advise_v that_o before_o any_o admittance_n be_v make_v of_o any_o such_o the_o pretender_n be_v thorough_o and_o impartial_o examine_v and_o put_v to_o the_o test_n by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o artillery_n or_o some_o able_a and_o honest_a man_n substitute_v to_o that_o end_n and_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o these_o substitute_n i_o shall_v presume_v to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n to_o observe_v unto_o their_o gunner_n these_o few_o particular_n follow_v which_o perhaps_o be_v not_o so_o careful_o heed_v as_o it_o be_v fit_a and_o behoveful_a in_o these_o case_n as_o that_o in_o the_o lade_n of_o their_o gun_n especial_o if_o time_n and_o leisure_n may_v allow_v after_o the_o second_o ladleful_a of_o powder_n be_v convey_v into_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o there_o well_o settle_a by_o the_o rammer_n care_v be_v take_v that_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v thorough_o cleanse_v by_o a_o dry_a sponge_n or_o convenient_a what_fw-mi lest_o by_o the_o remainder_n of_o some_o grain_n of_o loose_a powder_n in_o the_o way_n there_o accrue_v some_o peril_n by_o the_o roll_a down_n of_o the_o shot_n which_o may_v fire_v by_o the_o way_n and_o fire_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o chamber_n to_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o gunner_n that_o in_o the_o let_a fall_n of_o the_o shot_n into_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o gun_n when_o it_o be_v charge_v with_o powder_n a_o especial_a care_n be_v have_v that_o the_o shot_n be_v first_o well_o cleanse_v and_o that_o no_o piece_n of_o any_o sandy_a or_o stony_a substance_n be_v fix_v unto_o it_o the_o which_o may_v procure_v danger_n both_o by_o lodging_n of_o the_o shot_n by_o the_o way_n before_o it_o get_v home_o to_o the_o powder_n and_o by_o hinder_v the_o free_a issue_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o discharge_n that_o the_o gunner_n in_o the_o lade_n of_o his_o piece_n stand_v not_o before_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o with_o any_o part_n of_o his_o body_n lest_o he_o be_v spoil_v by_o some_o accidental_a fire_n of_o it_o cause_v by_o some_o secret_a hony-comb_n or_o the_o like_a and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o peculiar_a duty_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n belong_v to_o a_o train_n of_o artillery_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o their_o very_a name_n speak_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v no_o far_a description_n chap._n vii_o how_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v conduct_v in_o a_o march_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o great_a gun_n march_v in_o the_o van._n of_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o gun_n march_v in_o the_o battle_n and_o rear_n how_o to_o march_v the_o enemy_n be_v in_o view_n of_o the_o artillery_n when_o force_v to_o march_v apart_o of_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o carriage_n in_o general_n of_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n when_o the_o enemy_n follow_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o lie_v on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o a_o bridge_n for_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n and_o of_o pass_v by_o a_o ford._n the_o best_a kind_n of_o bridge_n for_o the_o pass_n of_o army_n over_o rivers_n we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n in_o a_o march_n wherein_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o conductor_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o carry_v the_o army_n as_o whether_o it_o be_v champion_n or_o mountainous_a whether_o subject_n to_o marsh_n or_o not_o and_o especial_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v careful_a to_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o siklful_a and_o trusty_a guide_n and_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n he_o be_v to_o determine_v the_o order_n of_o the_o march_n as_o for_o example_n a_o army_n make_v up_o of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n which_o number_n be_v former_o propound_v be_v to_o march_v in_o a_o champion_n country_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o enemy_n near_o may_v be_v thus_o marshal_v first_o of_o all_o in_o the_o point_n before_o the_o foot_n may_v march_v five_o hundred_o horse_n be_v corslet_n or_o cuirassier_n repartit_v into_o more_o or_o few_o division_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v and_o these_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o forlorn-hope_a to_o make_v discovery_n upon_o all_o the_o passage_n on_o all_o side_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o woodie_n place_n of_o all_o ambushment_n next_o after_o these_o may_v march_v two_o thousand_o foot_n divide_v into_o more_o or_o few_o body_n answerable_a to_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o point_n and_o they_o be_v as_o well_o to_o serve_v for_o a_o second_o or_o reserve_v to_o these_o horse_n as_o to_o defend_v that_o part_n of_o the_o artillery_n march_v in_o the_o vanguard_n after_o these_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o division_n of_o the_o artillery_n for_o the_o vanguard_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v order_v with_o the_o requisite_a wagon_n of_o great_a shot_n powder_n coin_n and_o the_o like_a necessary_n accompany_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o pioner_n to_o prepare_v and_o lay_v open_a the_o way_n and_o passage_n and_o to_o make_v needful_a defence_n and_o in_o this_o division_n there_o be_v to_o be_v of_o great_a gun_n four_o field-piece_n at_o the_o least_o mount_v on_o their_o proper_a carriage_n and_o attend_v with_o one_o wagon_n of_o powder_n and_o another_o of_o shot_n with_o all_o thing_n answerable_a command_v by_o a_o experience_a lieutenant_n with_o some_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o ordnance_n and_o their_o gunner_n after_o this_o division_n may_v march_v four_o culverin_n with_o a_o wagon_n of_o powder_n and_o another_o of_o shot_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n after_o these_o four_o demy-cannon_n by_o pair_n with_o their_o gin_n powder_n shot_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o these_o may_v march_v four_o whole_a cannon_n with_o all_o that_o
belong_v unto_o they_o as_o four_o wagon_n of_o powder_n eight_o wagon_n of_o shor_n with_o all_o thing_n answerable_a and_o these_o be_v the_o repartition_n of_o the_o artillery_n which_o be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n of_o a_o army_n of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n after_o this_o body_n and_o division_n of_o these_o ordnance_n three_o thousand_o light-horse_n or_o dragoon_n be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v and_o after_o they_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o all_o the_o munition_n belong_v to_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o army_n as_o bridges_n plank_n powder_n shot_n cordage_n pallisadoe_n pike_n shovel_n crab_n coin_n as_o well_o of_o wood_n as_o iron_n together_o with_o all_o the_o tool_n belong_v to_o the_o carpenter_n smith_n and_o the_o like_a artificer_n all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v handsome_o lodge_v in_o wagon_n the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n of_o the_o moiety_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o next_o place_n with_o the_o hospital_n follow_v with_o the_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n belong_v to_o the_o general_n and_o the_o other_o commander_n in_o chief_a and_o after_o they_o that_o part_n of_o the_o baggage_n belong_v partly_o to_o the_o vanguard_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o battle_n after_o these_o may_v march_v twelve_o thousand_o foot_n order_v into_o small_a body_n have_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o a_o body_n of_o wagon_n of_o baggage_n whereof_o part_n be_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o middle-guard_n or_o battle_n and_o part_n to_o the_o rearguard_n follow_v with_o the_o general_n life-guard_n and_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o ambassador_n next_o again_o after_o these_o may_v follow_v the_o munition_n and_o engine_n serve_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o rear_n with_o the_o artillery_n bridge_n and_o the_o like_a appurtenance_n and_o after_o they_o eight_o thousand_o foot_n make_v the_o gross_a of_o the_o rear_n then_o as_o former_o in_o the_o van_n may_v be_v order_v to_o march_v four_o cannon_n four_o demy-cannon_n three_o culverin_n or_o quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n and_o last_o three_o field-piece_n with_o all_o that_o belong_v unto_o they_o both_o of_o powder_n shot_n and_o other_o necessary_n with_o the_o requisite_a attendant_n and_o after_o they_o two_o thousand_o foot_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o defence_n and_o coverture_n to_o all_o the_o artillery_n of_o the_o rear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o be_v to_o march_v five_o hundred_o horse_n answerable_a to_o the_o like_a number_n in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o van_n who_o be_v to_o bring_v up_o the_o rear_n and_o to_o discover_v that_o part_n of_o the_o campagnia_fw-la that_o way_n that_o so_o no_o unforeseen_a alarm_n may_v be_v give_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o any_o considerable_a loss_n and_o in_o this_o order_n may_v a_o army_n on_o all_o side_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v in_o a_o march_n against_o all_o attempt_n especial_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o in_o view_n but_o somewhat_o remote_a but_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o view_n and_o a_o assault_n to_o be_v expect_v and_o the_o army_n nevertheless_o of_o necessity_n to_o march_v and_o this_o befall_v in_o a_o large_a plain_n or_o champion_n country_n this_o order_n now_o describe_v be_v to_o receive_v some_o alteration_n for_o it_o will_v be_v needful_a to_o have_v a_o large_a front_n of_o pike_n be_v ten_o or_o six_o deep_a in_o file_n with_o wing_n of_o shot_n on_o each_o side_n the_o which_o all_o together_o be_v to_o make_v a_o equal_a front_n between_o which_o shot_n and_o pike_n the_o artillery_n be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o interval_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n right_o behind_o the_o cannon_n or_o artillery_n may_v march_v two_o body_n of_o pike_n and_o betwixt_o they_o the_o carriage_n or_o baggage_n and_o last_o of_o all_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o may_v be_v order_v a_o body_n of_o pike_n with_o division_n of_o shot_n on_o each_o side_n equalize_v with_o those_o of_o the_o front_n and_o on_o each_o side_n of_o they_o some_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o serve_v as_o wing_n to_o this_o body_n of_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o this_o form_n and_o order_n a_o army_n may_v both_o march_v and_o if_o need_v be_v fight_z without_o be_v disorder_a or_o much_o impedit_v in_o its_o way_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v charge_v in_o front_n this_o order_n may_v be_v maintain_v and_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_n be_v it_o either_o of_o horse_n or_o foot_n by_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o shot_n in_o the_o wing_n shall_v opportune_o gall_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o the_o artillery_n also_o give_v they_o a_o salve_n as_o they_o make_v up_o and_o both_o shot_n and_o cannon_n be_v well_o secure_v either_o by_o the_o pike_n if_o the_o enemy_n foot_n shall_v charge_v or_o by_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v to_o advance_v if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v with_o his_o horse_n and_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v in_o any_o of_o the_o flank_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v by_o those_o pike_n which_o march_v there_o if_o his_o charge_n be_v with_o foot_n and_o withal_o he_o shall_v be_v gall_v by_o the_o shot_n both_o of_o van_n and_o rear_n and_o if_o his_o charge_n be_v with_o horse_n it_o may_v be_v oppose_v by_o the_o horse_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n who_o be_v to_o advance_v to_o that_o end_n and_o if_o the_o enemy_n give_v on_o in_o the_o rear_n his_o foot_n may_v be_v receive_v with_o face_n about_o by_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n which_o be_v order_v there_o and_o also_o be_v much_o annoy_v by_o those_o shot_n flank_v those_o pike_n and_o the_o shot_n well_o secure_v as_o well_o by_o their_o own_o pike_n as_o the_o pike_n in_o the_o flank_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o horse_n march_v in_o the_o flank_n of_o this_o rear_n and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o carriage_n of_o baggage_n and_o munition_n may_v likewise_o be_v very_o sufficient_o secure_v by_o their_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n but_o because_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o upon_o occasion_n either_o of_o passage_n or_o way_n or_o present_a work_n and_o employment_n that_o the_o train_n of_o artillery_n may_v be_v force_v to_o march_v by_o itself_o apart_o and_o sever_v from_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o army_n in_o this_o case_n the_o order_n and_o conduction_n of_o it_o may_v be_v that_o half_o the_o pioner_n and_o labourer_n make_v the_o van_n march_v under_o their_o chief_n and_o commissary_n and_o to_o be_v free_v from_o the_o trouble_n of_o any_o stranger_n not_o belong_v to_o their_o train_n nor_o with_o any_o of_o their_o wagon_n after_o which_o pioner_n all_o such_o wagon_n be_v to_o march_v as_o carry_v the_o spade_n mattock_n and_o the_o like_a utensil_n next_o unto_o these_o the_o field-piece_n be_v to_o follow_v after_o they_o the_o culverin_n than_o the_o demy-cannon_n and_o last_o the_o cannon_n and_o thus_o order_v march_v the_o vanguard_n and_o in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n may_v also_o march_v the_o rear_n and_o 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to_o a_o great_a army_n march_v in_o good_a safety_n in_o all_o common_a passage_n and_o in_o a_o large_a and_o open_a country_n several_z and_z apart_z by_o itself_o and_o if_o it_o shall_v be_v think_v that_o the_o train_n will_v hereby_o be_v over-lengthened_n it_o may_v be_v help_v by_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o part_n but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o vanguard_n may_v take_v the_o right_a hand_n the_o battle_n the_o left_a equal_v the_o front_n with_o the_o van_n and_o the_o rearguard_n with_o the_o ordnance_n and_o their_o appurtenance_n to_o march_v betwixt_o they_o both_o and_o hereby_o also_o the_o whole_a train_n march_v the_o more_o close_v shall_v become_v the_o strong_a and_o ready_a and_o every_o man_n prepare_v to_o know_v and_o fall_v into_o his_o proper_a rank_n and_o place_n without_o the_o least_o confusion_n as_o for_o the_o conduction_n and_o order_n of_o the_o general_a carriage_n and_o baggage_n belong_v to_o a_o army_n when_o it_o be_v to_o march_v 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course_n of_o the_o river_n do_v afford_v a_o conveniency_n by_o flank_v it_o on_o every_o side_n to_o defend_v the_o bridge_n be_v lay_v over_o just_a upon_o the_o point_n of_o land_n so_o that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v touch_v by_o any_o of_o the_o enemy_n battery_n though_o they_o be_v on_o each_o side_n thereof_o because_o by_o the_o sudden_a shoulder_n away_o of_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n at_o either_o end_n none_o of_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n can_v bear_v or_o beat_v upon_o the_o bridge_n but_o that_o either_o the_o bullet_n fall_v short_a be_v latch_v by_o the_o half_a moon_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o height_n of_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n or_o else_o fly_v quite_o over_o the_o king_n leaguer_n and_o so_o do_v no_o execution_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o king_n army_n pass_v over_o safe_o and_o be_v over_o rout_z the_o enemy_n and_o kill_v their_o general_n that_o brave_a old_a man_n and_o thus_o you_o have_v some_o rule_n and_o advertisement_n about_o the_o conduction_n 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be_v better_a able_a and_o provide_v to_o sustain_v the_o enemy_n resistance_n at_o their_o land_n then_o the_o foot_n who_o must_v needs_o be_v much_o encumber_a and_o tire_v by_o their_o wade_v through_o the_o water_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o ford_n be_v broad_a or_o deep_a and_o beside_o the_o horse_n thus_o march_v in_o front_n shall_v opportune_o discover_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o passage_n where_o it_o be_v at_o best_a and_o worst_a and_o may_v also_o be_v ready_a to_o relieve_v and_o succour_v any_o of_o the_o foot_n that_o by_o any_o accident_n may_v be_v endanger_v in_o the_o water_n and_o this_o be_v caesar_n order_n in_o his_o british_a war_n in_o his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o at_o the_o river_n sicoris_n in_o his_o spanish_n war._n and_o if_o the_o ford_n be_v deep_a and_o withal_o of_o a_o swift_a current_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o place_v a_o great_a number_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o other_o great_a cattle_n as_o well_o above_o 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procure_v but_o withal_o whatsoever_o the_o bridge_n be_v or_o howsoever_o contrive_v it_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v for_o a_o maxim_n that_o whensoever_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o any_o of_o they_o and_o the_o enemy_n within_o the_o distance_n of_o half_a a_o day_n march_v no_o part_n of_o the_o army_n ought_v to_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o main_a body_n that_o no_o advantage_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o intercept_v or_o come_v between_o they_o and_o their_o friend_n and_o this_o hold_v not_o only_o in_o the_o passage_n by_o bridge_n but_o by_o boat_n or_o ford_n or_o any_o other_o and_o thus_o you_o have_v direction_n for_o the_o marshal_n of_o army_n in_o a_o march_n and_o these_o well_o observe_v though_o a_o army_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o march_v even_o by_o night_n need_v no_o other_o addition_n save_v only_o that_o extraordinary_a care_n be_v have_v in_o provide_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o able_a guide_n which_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v throughout_o the_o whole_a army_n that_o a_o well_o choose_a watchword_n be_v give_v whereby_o every_o piece_n and_o individual_a person_n may_v be_v know_v one_o to_o another_o that_o many_o altes_n be_v make_v to_o hold_v all_o the_o part_n together_o and_o no_o straggler_n lose_v that_o the_o quantity_n and_o length_n of_o the_o march_n be_v so_o lay_v and_o with_o that_o discretion_n limit_v that_o the_o soldier_n be_v neither_o disable_v by_o overlong_a journey_n nor_o opportunity_n lose_v by_o sickness_n and_o last_o that_o especial_a endeavour_n be_v practise_v to_o procure_v good_a intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n as_o for_o such_o march_n as_o be_v to_o be_v make_v over_o mountain_n through_o wood_n and_o boggy_a and_o marish_a ground_n and_o the_o like_a it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o any_o certainty_n can_v be_v prescribe_v as_o touch_v their_o form_n for_o they_o be_v to_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o way_n that_o necessity_n throw_v they_o upon_o and_o common_o be_v extend_v in_o great_a length_n make_v passable_a by_o the_o labour_n of_o pioner_n but_o best_o secure_v by_o vigilancy_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o order_v a_o royal_a army_n to_o battle_n the_o leader_n in_o this_o order_n where_o to_o place_v themselves_o and_o who_o to_o be_v a_o censure_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o this_o order_n former_o describe_v of_o the_o general_n place_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o rear_n the_o best_a place_n for_o the_o general_n in_o a_o battle_n of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o the_o light-armed_n or_o musqueteer_n of_o the_o longbow_n how_o to_o be_v order_v and_o employ_v wherein_o it_o be_v preferable_a and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o musket_n how_o the_o horse_n be_v most_o advantageous_o order_v and_o place_v in_o a_o battle_n the_o best_a form_n and_o proportion_n of_o horse-battel_n the_o censure_n upon_o these_o form_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o the_o depth_n that_o horse-battel_n be_v to_o be_v order_v into_o of_o some_o word_n of_o command_n both_o to_o horse_n and_o foot_n of_o double_v file_n and_o rank_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o a_o modern_a form_n of_o order_v a_o fight_n much_o approve_v of_o why_o a_o army_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v order_v objection_n answer_v in_o the_o last_o forego_v chapter_n we_o propound_v some_o direction_n how_o army_n be_v to_o march_v in_o this_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o form_n of_o embattel_v they_o to_o fight_v and_o shall_v purposely_o omit_v many_o sort_n of_o they_o as_o be_v to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n save_v to_o express_v the_o cunning_a of_o a_o curious_a serjeant-major-general_n and_o to_o please_v wanton_a spectator_n but_o shall_v apply_v myself_o to_o such_o as_o be_v most_o of_o use_n the_o customary_a way_n of_o order_v a_o army-royal_a to_o a_o battle_n as_o well_o ancient_o as_o more_o modern_o have_v be_v to_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o battalia_fw-la or_o main_a body_n and_o these_o three_o body_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v by_o some_o nation_n order_v into_o one_o joint_a phalanx_n by_o other_o distribute_v into_o maniple_n or_o small_a division_n between_o which_o division_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o some_o confusion_n they_o leave_v interval_n or_o distance_n that_o by_o they_o and_o through_o they_o one_o battle_n or_o body_n may_v the_o more_o convenient_o second_v the_o other_o and_o the_o breadth_n and_o depth_n of_o these_o maniple_n be_v to_o be_v make_v answerable_a to_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o with_o such_o distance_n that_o if_o the_o vanguard_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v break_v it_o may_v convenient_o retreat_v through_o they_o behind_o the_o battle_n which_o thereupon_o be_v to_o join_v and_o advance_v and_o so_o to_o renew_v the_o front_n and_o receive_v the_o enemy_n afresh_o and_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n be_v the_o battle_n to_o do_v behind_o the_o rear_n and_o as_o the_o one_o body_n be_v thus_o relieve_v by_o another_o so_o may_v one_o maniple_n by_o another_o and_o that_o without_o either_o the_o advance_n or_o retire_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o for_o the_o leader_n of_o these_o several_a body_n those_o of_o the_o vanguard_n be_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n marshal_n with_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o colonel_n and_o half_a of_o the_o captain_n have_v the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o front_n and_o in_o a_o retreat_n the_o same_o man_n be_v to_o bring_v up_o that_o rear_n the_o leader_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o of_o the_o rear_n be_v to_o be_v the_o other_o half_a of_o the_o colonel_n and_o captaius_n as_o for_o the_o generalissimo_n place_n according_a to_o this_o order_n it_o be_v to_o be_v between_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o
rear_n and_o that_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n that_o it_o be_v the_o place_n of_o most_o security_n as_o that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n his_o advice_n and_o command_n may_v there_o be_v best_a give_v and_o take_v and_o the_o ensign_n be_v to_o be_v order_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o maniple_n or_o somewhat_o near_o the_o front_n as_o for_o the_o artillery_n it_o be_v to_o be_v order_v before_o the_o front_n without_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o vanguard_n upon_o the_o most_o elevate_a ground_n that_o it_o may_v the_o better_a play_n upon_o all_o part_n only_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v expect_v to_o charge_v on_o all_o part_n then_o be_v the_o artillery_n to_o be_v place_v on_o all_o part_n and_o such_o piece_n as_o be_v not_o for_o the_o present_a employment_n to_o be_v bestow_v between_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o rear_n unless_o the_o fight_n be_v before_o a_o town_n or_o camp_n entrench_v and_o then_o it_o be_v leave_v either_o in_o the_o town_n or_o camp_n and_o so_o be_v the_o baggage_n likewise_o and_o all_o the_o unprofitable_a person_n but_o this_o order_n of_o a_o army_n for_o a_o battle_n have_v not_o pass_v without_o reprehension_n in_o divers_a particular_n as_o first_o of_o the_o phalanx_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o overgreat_a body_n for_o it_o be_v a_o undeniable_a maxim_n that_o those_o troop_n stand_v in_o best_a order_n which_o can_v bring_v up_o most_o hand_n to_o fight_v at_o once_o it_o as_o undeniable_o follow_v that_o the_o small_a troop_n and_o division_n must_v needs_o do_v this_o best_a and_o therefore_o be_v preferable_a because_o in_o great_a squadron_n or_o phalanx_n many_o man_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o file_n and_o flank_n and_o never_o appear_v but_o when_o the_o break_n of_o the_o great_a body_n do_v present_v they_o to_o the_o butchery_n the_o great_a squadron_n be_v also_o reprovable_a in_o regard_n that_o they_o be_v unmanagable_a and_o can_v be_v preserve_v in_o order_n but_o when_o the_o ground_n be_v large_a and_o plain_a and_o withal_o of_o a_o even_a and_o perfect_a level_n otherwise_o they_o must_v either_o stand_v immovable_a or_o upon_o the_o least_o motion_n be_v subject_a to_o shake_v and_o disorder_n whereas_o the_o lesser_a body_n be_v scantle_v for_o all_o place_n champion_n or_o woodie_a level_a or_o uneven_a of_o what_o condition_n soever_o again_o if_o two_o or_o three_o rank_n only_o of_o the_o great_a body_n happen_v to_o be_v break_v or_o any_o way_n disorderder_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v equal_o interest_v in_o the_o disorder_n and_o have_v far_o less_o mean_n to_o rally_v itself_o than_o a_o small_a maniple_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o any_o violence_n rout_n or_o disorder_n a_o maniple_n it_o proceed_v no_o further_a than_o to_o that_o part_n where_o it_o take_v the_o disrank_n of_o any_o one_o of_o these_o small_a body_n not_o at_o all_o or_o very_o little_a extend_v to_o the_o confusion_n or_o disorder_n of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n by_o reason_n that_o their_o interval_n and_o separation_n or_o distance_n serve_v to_o cut_v off_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o yet_o no_o way_n hinder_v the_o general_a unite_n of_o all_o their_o strength_n into_o one_o body_n and_o these_o be_v the_o exception_n against_o great_a body_n and_o unite_a phalanx_n the_o second_o exception_n against_o the_o former_a order_n be_v about_o the_o place_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o between_o the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n and_o the_o rearguard_n as_o the_o former_a order_n prescribe_v concern_v which_o notwithstanding_o many_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o various_a precedent_n vegetius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n and_o eighteen_o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o foot_n and_o he_o add_v this_o be_v the_o place_n which_o govern_v the_o whole_a battle_n as_o from_o whence_o all_o sallying_n out_o be_v direct_a and_o free_a so_o that_o say_v he_o the_o general_n rest_v thus_o betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n may_v best_o govern_v they_o with_o command_n and_o direction_n now_o of_o both_o these_o there_o have_v be_v find_v example_n of_o the_o first_o diodorus_n siculus_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o scythian_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o phalanx_n and_o arrian_n in_o his_o first_o book_n and_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n affirm_v that_o darius_n take_v the_o same_o place_n and_o leo_n also_o cap._n 4._o sect_n 63._o and_o 67._o and_o cap._n 12._o sect._n 66._o give_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o general_n and_o plutarch_n report_v that_o timoleon_n in_o his_o fight_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n place_v himself_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o battle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o have_v it_o in_o xenophon_n cyrop_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 176._o that_o cyrus_n in_o his_o battle_n against_o croesus_n take_v his_o place_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n betwixt_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o that_o of_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n and_o alexander_n the_o great_a though_o breed_v among_o the_o phalanger_n do_v the_o like_a in_o most_o of_o his_o battle_n and_o for_o the_o modern_n i_o find_v the_o valiant_a king_n of_o sweden_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n in_o the_o front_n of_o some_o brigade_n of_o horse_n and_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n in_o the_o very_a front_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o vanguard_n consist_v of_o six_o horse-squadron_n line_v with_o five_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n for_o i_o own_o part_n as_o among_o these_o various_a opinion_n i_o can_v approve_v of_o the_o general_n place_v himself_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o middle-guard_n or_o centre_n of_o the_o main_a body_n of_o pike_n in_o regard_n that_o it_o neither_o express_v valour_n nor_o can_v he_o see_v about_o he_o to_o discover_v any_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n and_o to_o direct_v according_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o shall_v not_o advise_v to_o have_v any_o general_n to_o be_v over-hazardous_a in_o adventure_v his_o person_n in_o the_o very_a height_n of_o the_o front_n especial_o when_o the_o army_n fall_v up_o to_o the_o charge_n lest_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o best_a blood_n of_o that_o body_n procure_v the_o languish_a of_o the_o whole_a and_o thus_o i_o be_o sure_o be_v lose_v at_o lutzen_n the_o best_a general_n of_o the_o world_n though_o to_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n that_o headless_a army_n get_v the_o day_n in_o a_o fury_n in_o my_o opinion_n therefore_o though_o a_o general_n may_v place_v himself_o at_o the_o time_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o own_o middle-guard_n yet_o ought_v it_o to_o be_v with_o some_o brigade_n of_o reserve_n and_o by_o no_o mean_n in_o the_o very_a point_n or_o post_n of_o the_o van._n for_o questionless_a it_o be_v a_o great_a error_n in_o a_o general_n when_o his_o courage_n shall_v not_o suffer_v his_o judgement_n to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o common_a carabine_n and_o the_o general_n of_o a_o army_n as_o for_o the_o line_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o musqueteer_n or_o at_o the_o least_o with_o the_o light-armed_n whereof_o we_o give_v a_o touch_n before_o it_o be_v not_o uncommon_a with_o the_o ancient_n and_o it_o be_v always_o hold_v that_o horse_n be_v thus_o charge_v can_v not_o resist_v both_o and_o we_o have_v a_o notable_a example_n hereof_o in_o hirtius_n de_fw-la bello_fw-la afric_n when_o caesar_n have_v a_o march_n to_o make_v and_o but_o a_o small_a number_n of_o horse_n with_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v set_v upon_o in_o his_o way_n by_o the_o enemy_n abound_v with_o horse_n and_o light-armed_n numidian_n among_o they_o and_o when_o caesar_n soldier_n fall_v out_o to_o charge_n the_o enemy_n horse_n retreat_v and_o the_o foot_n stand_v fast_o until_o their_o horse_n with_o a_o short_a wheel_a about_o return_v upon_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o rescue_n by_o which_o way_n of_o fight_n caesar_n himself_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v so_o perplex_v that_o he_o find_v no_o other_o course_n to_o save_v himself_o then_o to_o recover_v some_o hill_n of_o shelter_n near_o at_o hand_n and_o that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o they_o he_o must_v have_v fare_v worse_a and_o for_o those_o musquereer_n wherewith_o the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n and_o lutzen_n be_v line_v they_o be_v so_o shadow_v from_o the_o enemy_n by_o these_o horse_n that_o when_o those_o of_o the_o enemy_n come_v up_o to_o the_o charge_n they_o do_v a_o very_a great_a execution_n upon_o they_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o be_v a_o main_a mean_n of_o
the_o attainment_n of_o those_o two_o famous_a victory_n nor_o can_v i_o apprehend_v any_o objection_n that_o may_v with_o any_o reason_n be_v make_v against_o this_o form_n of_o order_n since_o hereby_o these_o musqueteer_n be_v well_o secure_v by_o their_o own_o horse_n and_o the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o extreme_a danger_n to_o be_v terrible_o gall_v by_o these_o fire-weapon_n before_o they_o can_v get_v up_o to_o charge_v home_o or_o so_o much_o as_o to_o approach_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o pistol_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o worthy_a both_o of_o acceptation_n and_o imitation_n and_o these_o way_n of_o line_v of_o the_o heavy-armed_n with_o the_o light-armed_n have_v not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v practise_v with_o the_o horse_n only_o but_o with_o the_o pike_n also_o and_o that_o as_o well_o with_o the_o ancient_n as_o those_o of_o our_o time_n true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o light-armed_n with_o the_o ancient_n be_v the_o slinger_n and_o darter_n and_o be_v various_o order_v sometime_o before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o phalanx_n or_o main_a body_n of_o the_o pike_n sometime_o on_o the_o wing_n sometime_o betwixt_o the_o file_n of_o the_o arm_a front_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o they_o sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o of_o these_o aelian_a make_v mention_v chap._n 42._o and_o sometime_o also_o in_o a_o quite_o contrary_a way_n as_o when_o these_o light_a arm_a be_v draw_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n itself_o as_o for_o the_o usual_a modern_a way_n they_o be_v as_o all_o know_v to_o place_n and_o order_v the_o light-armed_n man_n which_o be_v the_o musqueteer_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o swedish_n discipline_n introduce_v a_o intermingle_v of_o the_o musqueteer_n with_o small_a body_n and_o maniple_n of_o pike_n the_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v so_o bestow_v in_o the_o section_n and_o division_n of_o those_o body_n as_o not_o to_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o assault_a enemy_n until_o they_o feel_v they_o and_o sure_o if_o the_o garb_n of_o the_o time_n will_v allow_v it_o i_o see_v not_o why_o some_o of_o our_o long-bowe-man_n which_o as_o the_o world_n know_v have_v be_v the_o fame_n of_o our_o nation_n may_v not_o be_v employ_v in_o these_o service_n mix_v together_o with_o our_o musqueteer_n nor_o why_o they_o shall_v not_o execute_v to_o great_a purpose_n especial_o upon_o horse_n and_o if_o some_o of_o they_o be_v order_v in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n they_o will_v not_o only_o be_v shadow_v from_o the_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o may_v be_v draw_v up_o without_o any_o confusion_n or_o trouble_n to_o any_o other_o part_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v nay_o stand_v firm_a in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o all_o they_o may_v questionless_a do_v very_o great_a service_n and_o especial_o before_o the_o army_n join_v by_o deliver_v their_o volley_n of_o arrow_n over_o all_o that_o stand_v before_o they_o the_o which_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o fall_v upon_o any_o horse-troop_n and_o with_o their_o barb_a head_n stick_v and_o hang_v fast_o where_o they_o fall_v as_o they_o will_v certain_o do_v they_o can_v choose_v but_o cause_n a_o mighty_a confusion_n nay_o their_o very_a stick_v in_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o horse-troop_n must_v needs_o dazzle_v their_o sight_n and_o amaze_v they_o for_o i_o be_o clear_o of_o their_o opinion_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o longbow_n be_v preferable_a to_o the_o musket_n in_o these_o respect_n in_o that_o many_o rank_n of_o archer_n yea_o all_o of_o they_o shall_v they_o stand_v ten_o in_o depth_n may_v deliver_v their_o whole_a volley_n at_o once_o whereas_o the_o musqueteer_n can_v do_v this_o with_o one_o rank_n only_o at_o once_o or_o at_o the_o most_o after_o the_o swedish_n way_n with_o three_o as_o also_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o arrow_n strike_v as_o well_o in_o descent_n as_o at_o pointblank_o the_o bullet_n only_o at_o pointblank_o in_o that_o the_o bow_n may_v far_o better_o be_v use_v in_o wet_a weather_n then_o the_o musket_n and_o be_v withal_o sure_a to_o take_v whereas_o the_o musket_n oftentimes_o fail_v in_o take_v fire_n in_o that_o the_o bow_n be_v undoubted_o more_o prevalent_a against_o the_o horse_n than_o the_o musket_n for_o though_o a_o horse_n be_v shoot_v through_o with_o a_o bullet_n he_o be_v yet_o for_o a_o while_o able_a to_o bear_v his_o rider_n and_o to_o do_v service_n but_o if_o a_o barb_a arrow_n do_v but_o hang_v in_o any_o part_n of_o a_o horse_n he_o become_v altogether_o unmanageable_a and_o so_o unserviceable_a and_o last_o in_o that_o as_o aforesaid_a though_o the_o arrow_n shall_v miss_v its_o mark_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o stick_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o especial_o when_o a_o whole_a volley_n do_v so_o prove_v not_o only_o terrible_a to_o the_o horse_n but_o cumbersome_a both_o to_o horse_n and_o man_n and_o that_o in_o all_o ground_n and_o at_o all_o assault_n i_o know_v well_o that_o in_o some_o particular_n the_o musket_n also_o be_v preserable_a to_o the_o bow_n as_o behind_o a_o rampart_n and_o through_o loophole_n and_o in_o that_o a_o good_a musket_n due_o charge_v will_v carry_v pointblank_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o twelve_o score_n whereas_o a_o archer_n especial_o now_o adays_o can_v scarce_o shoot_v so_o far_o at_o random_n it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o the_o musket_n be_v more_o terrible_a and_o scare_v a_o un-accustomed_n man_n more_o than_o the_o bow_n but_o for_o all_o this_o i_o know_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v both_o pass_v in_o cameradeship_n nor_o do_v i_o know_v all_o thing_n consider_v why_o the_o new_a invention_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o bowe_n unite_v shall_v find_v so_o little_a entertainment_n among_o we_o as_o it_o have_v do_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o now_o adays_o we_o have_v give_v over_o our_o self_n to_o take_v up_o all_o thing_n upon_o mere_a trust_n rather_o than_o reason_n though_o evidence_v by_o demonstration_n but_o because_o we_o have_v speak_v much_o of_o the_o line_n of_o horse_n with_o musqueteer_n in_o a_o battle_n it_o may_v well_o be_v expect_v that_o somewhat_o shall_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o place_n and_o order_v of_o these_o horse_n and_o of_o this_o i_o find_v the_o common_a and_o usual_a way_n to_o be_v to_o dispose_v they_o in_o the_o wing_n thus_o do_v alexander_n at_o his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n granicus_n as_o arrian_n record_v lib._n 2._o and_o curtius_n lib._n 3._o so_o do_v antigonus_n as_o diodorus_n siculus_n have_v it_o lib._n 19_o and_o so_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o battle_n against_o demetrius_n as_o the_o same_o author_n say_v in_o the_o same_o book_n and_o in_o brief_a all_o the_o macedonian_n and_o grecian_n unless_o some_o especial_a cause_n urge_v a_o alteration_n do_v the_o like_a and_o so_o the_o roman_n also_o since_o they_o and_o indeed_o so_o it_o have_v continue_v almost_o in_o all_o age_n even_o to_o this_o nevertheless_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o amiss_o upon_o many_o occasion_n to_o place_n and_o order_v some_o troop_n of_o horse_n in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o the_o army_n provide_v that_o some_o large_a interval_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o foot_n that_o through_o they_o these_o horse_n may_v be_v draw_v up_o to_o charge_n when_o need_n require_v for_o hereby_o these_o horse_n shall_v both_o be_v shadow_v from_o the_o enemy_n sight_n and_o may_v be_v draw_v to_o a_o charge_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o army_n wheresoever_o and_o of_o this_o also_o we_o find_v both_o old_a and_o new_a example_n as_o of_o old_a in_o the_o war_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o spaniard_n mention_v by_o livy_n cecab_n 3._o lib._n 9_o wherein_o the_o ausetanes_n the_o illergetes_n with_o some_o other_o be_v say_v to_o leave_v broad_a interval_n betwixt_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o their_o battle_n to_o give_v passage_n to_o their_o horse_n to_o come_v up_o to_o all_o charge_n and_o i_o find_v the_o like_a likewise_o to_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n where_o he_o order_v divers_a reserve_v of_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_v whence_o they_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o do_v very_o good_a service_n towards_o the_o achievement_n of_o that_o famous_a victory_n sometime_o also_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o horse_n have_v be_v order_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n but_o i_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v only_o do_v when_o that_o side_n do_v much_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o number_n and_o strength_n of_o horse_n and_o when_o there_o be_v some_o distrust_n in_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o foot_n as_o in_o that_o battle_n
do_v then_o furious_o french-like_a charge_v with_o their_o horse_n upon_o we_o and_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a number_n instant_o rout_v they_o force_v such_o of_o our_o horse_n as_o seek_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o our_o own_o foot_n to_o their_o utter_a disorder_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o horse_n that_o can_v not_o do_v so_o be_v all_o either_o take_v or_o slay_v the_o execution_n likewise_o upon_o our_o foot_n become_v hereby_o very_o great_a and_o the_o great_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o work_n cast_v up_o to_o command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o passage_n upon_o the_o dike_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v embolden_v to_o charge_v home_o all_o alongst_o the_o way_n of_o our_o march_n upon_o the_o very_a dike_n itself_o even_o to_o the_o very_a bridge_n that_o we_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o where_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvidence_n in_o make_v it_o without_o rail_n on_o the_o side_n our_o man_n in_o the_o haste_n and_o terror_n of_o their_o disorder_n thrust_v one_o another_o into_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v there_o smother_v in_o the_o water_n and_o mud_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o we_o lose_v the_o most_o and_o best_a of_o our_o man_n now_o because_o in_o these_o retreat_v it_o may_v fall_v out_o even_o with_o the_o most_o provident_a general_n that_o a_o army_n may_v be_v force_v to_o lie_v and_o lodge_v in_o the_o open_a field_n very_o near_o unto_o a_o enemy_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o propound_v some_o course_n touch_v this_o particular_a and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o have_v be_v practise_v that_o every_o regiment_n shall_v lie_v down_o and_o lodge_v in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n that_o they_o march_v all_o the_o day_n before_o with_o all_o their_o arm_n by_o they_o the_o pike_n to_o stick_v up_o a_o end_n close_o by_o the_o bearer_n as_o they_o lie_v and_o every_o rot_n or_o file_n that_o be_v every_o six_o of_o musqueteer_n to_o bring_v their_o musket_n to_o their_o rot-master_n or_o leader_n of_o their_o file_n who_o be_v to_o see_v they_o set_v with_o their_o mouth_n upright_o and_o so_o bind_v together_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o match_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v ready_a at_o hand_n upon_o all_o alarm_n as_o for_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o and_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o field_n they_o be_v to_o bestow_v themselves_o in_o their_o coach_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o private_a captain_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o frame_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v term_v horse_n be_v very_o proper_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o of_o which_o it_o be_v good_a for_o every_o captain_n to_o have_v one_o touch_v the_o horse-regiment_n every_o man_n be_v to_o ease_v himself_o and_o his_o horse_n by_o alight_v and_o rest_v himself_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o by_o feed_v his_o horse_n near_o unto_o he_o and_o in_o this_o posture_n to_o take_v repast_n and_o sleep_v and_o so_o to_o attend_v the_o light_n of_o the_o ensue_a morn_n for_o the_o pursuance_n of_o their_o intend_a retreat_n and_o thus_o have_v give_v some_o note_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n and_o retreat_n of_o a_o army_n we_o will_v finish_v this_o chapter_n with_o some_o rule_n touch_v encamp_n in_o these_o encamp_n the_o general_n quartermaster_n be_v especial_o to_o observe_v these_o particular_n follow_v that_o friend_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v be_v lodge_v by_o friend_n and_o this_o as_o well_o for_o prevent_v of_o tumult_n as_o the_o faithful_a second_n one_o of_o another_o that_o such_o horse_n as_o be_v most_o unready_a and_o unfit_a for_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v cover_v with_o foot_n for_o three_o part_n of_o they_o at_o least_o that_o no_o impediment_n as_o merchant_n victualler_n artificer_n be_v lodge_v among_o the_o soldier_n and_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v well_o entrench_v and_o because_o a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o well_o entrench_v lie_v thus_o will_v be_v force_v to_o send_v forager_n abroad_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a providence_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v any_o thing_n near_o that_o some_o convenient_a number_n of_o troop_n do_v by_o turn_n stand_v by_o their_o arm_n that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a to_o answer_v all_o alarm_n which_o be_v great_o further_v and_o a_o rescue_v the_o soon_o an_o with_o less_o dismay_n perform_v when_o some_o captain_n be_v thus_o find_v always_o in_o point_n and_o ready_a to_o march_v at_o the_o first_o word_n of_o command_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n at_o caesar_n first_o land_v in_o this_o our_o island_n for_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a loss_n in_o his_o ship_n by_o a_o tempest_n the_o which_o encourage_v the_o britain_n so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o which_o himself_o also_o suspect_v he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o be_v strong_o entrench_v and_o send_v out_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n in_o its_o turn_n to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a assault_v it_o the_o which_o be_v discover_v by_o a_o unusual_a dust_n caesar_n instant_o take_v two_o cohort_n which_o may_v amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 720_o man_n which_o be_v in_o station_n before_o the_o port_n of_o the_o camp_n command_v that_o other_o two_o shall_v supply_v their_o place_n and_o lead_v they_o on_o to_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v abroad_o the_o which_o he_o find_v in_o a_o dangerous_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o without_o this_o oportune_a supply_n have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o be_v thus_o relieve_v as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n they_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v either_o by_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o site_n their_o flank_n be_v to_o be_v distance_v about_o seventy_o pace_n one_o from_o another_o their_o depth_n breadth_n and_o height_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o intention_n of_o stay_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o expectance_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o they_o entrance_n or_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o horse_n foot_n and_o carriage_n and_o to_o be_v cover_v with_o ravelin_n without_o and_o bar_v within_o and_o these_o trench_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o convenient_a artillery_n so_o order_v and_o mount_v that_o be_v well_o flank_v they_o may_v command_v the_o campagna_n round_o about_o and_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o strong_a and_o vigilant_a guard_n some_o whereof_o be_v the_o main_a guard_n the_o rest_n the_o petty_a guard_n one_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v near_o the_o general_n quarter_n and_o the_o commander_n thereof_o be_v style_v the_o captain_n general_n of_o the_o watch._n another_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v in_o every_o regiment_n which_o have_v likewise_o its_o captain_n by_o who_o the_o round_n be_v lay_v out_o and_o the_o rounder_n send_v abroad_o to_o visit_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o company_n and_o out_o of_o the_o mainguard_n by_o the_o general_n lodging_n the_o rounder_n be_v take_v out_o to_o visit_v all_o the_o petty_a guard_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v dangerous_a when_o in_o one_o discipline_n two_o round_n meet_v in_o their_o circuit_n that_o they_o which_o speak_v first_o in_o take_v the_o word_n of_o the_o other_o may_v hereby_o help_v the_o enemy_n to_o rob_v the_o word_n to_o prevent_v it_o it_o have_v by_o some_o be_v think_v a_o provident_a course_n that_o the_o two_o elder_a rounder_n shall_v make_v a_o exchange_n of_o their_o companion_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o finish_v their_o circuit_n without_o give_v or_o take_v the_o word_n of_o any_o round_n at_o all_o the_o which_o i_o only_o offer_v to_o our_o present_a commander_n to_o take_v into_o their_o consideration_n as_o for_o the_o petty_a guard_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n for_o either_o they_o consist_v of_o many_o person_n and_o be_v then_o term_v a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n or_o of_o one_o single_a man_n who_o be_v call_v a_o centinel_n a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n may_v either_o be_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o guard_n without_o the_o entrenchment_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o of_o foot_n who_o watch_v within_o before_o or_o at_o the_o port_n of_o the_o trench_n or_o any_o where_o else_o where_o the_o ser_n jeant-major_a shall_v hold_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o sentinel_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o place_v overfar_a from_o any_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n lest_o by_o be_v surprise_v by_o a_o enemy_n the_o secret_n of_o the_o army_n be_v discover_v and_o because_o it_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o subject_a to_o many_o casualty_n for_o a_o army_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o any_o thing_n near_o to_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n a_o