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A48431 The works of the Reverend and learned John Lightfoot D. D., late Master of Katherine Hall in Cambridge such as were, and such as never before were printed : in two volumes : with the authors life and large and useful tables to each volume : also three maps : one of the temple drawn by the author himself, the others of Jervsalem and the Holy Land drawn according to the author's chorography, with a description collected out of his writings.; Works. 1684 Lightfoot, John, 1602-1675.; G. B. (George Bright), d. 1696.; Strype, John, 1643-1737. 1684 (1684) Wing L2051; ESTC R16617 4,059,437 2,607

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rejection of that people you will understand more clearly the Apostle concerning their Call which is there handled Pharisaism and the sotishness of traditions had now a good while ago thrown them into blindness stupidity and hardness of heart and that for some Ages before Christ was born but when the Gospel came the Lord had his gleanings among them and there were some that believed and unto whom the participation of the promises was granted concerning them the Apostle speaks in that Chapter See ver 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. At this present time there is a remnant according to election c. which we have observed before at Chap. III. ver 7. VERS XXV 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Tares 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zunin in Talmudic language 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i i i i i i Kilaim cap. 1 hal 1. Wheat and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Zunin are not seeds of different kinds Where the Gloss is this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is a kind of Wheat which is changed in the earth both as to its form and to its nature By the best Lexicographers it is rendred Zizania in Latine So that that field in this Parable was sown by the Lord with good wheat by the Enemie with bad and degenerate wheat but all of it was sowen with wheat one or the other These words do not so barely mean good and bad men as good and bad Christians both distinguished from other men namely from Heathens as wheat is distinguished from other seeds but they are distinguished also among themselves as good wheat is distinguished from that which is degenerate So Chap. XXV All those ten women expecting the Bridegroom are Vigins but are distinguished into Wise and foolish VERS XXXII 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. Which indeed is the least of all seeds c. HENCE it is passed into a common proverb 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 According to the quantity of a grain of mustard and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 According to the quantity of a little drop of mustard very frequently used by the Rabbins when they would express the smallest thing or the most diminutive quantity 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Is the greatest among herbs h h h h h h Hieros Peah fol. 20. 2. There was a stalk of mustard in Sichin from which sprang out three boughs of which one was broke off and covered the tent of a potter and produced three Cabes of mustard R. Simeon ben Calapha said A stalk of mustard was in my field into which I was wont to climb as men are wont to climb into a fig tree VERS XXXIII 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 In three sata measures of meal THAT is In an Epha of meal Exod. XVI 36. Now an Omer is the tenth part of an Epha The Chaldet reads 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The tenth part of three Sata The LXX reads 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The tenth part of three Measures And Ruth II. 17. It was as an Epha of Barly Where the Targum reads 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 As it were three Sata of Barly A i i i i i i Alphes in Pesach cap. 5. Kimchi in Miclel Seah contains a double Hin six Cabes twenty four Login an hundred and fourty four Eggs. VERS LII 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Bringeth forth out of his Treasury things new and old THESE words are spoken according to the dialect of the Schools where the Question was not seldom started What wine What corn or fruits were to be used in the Holy things and in some Rites new or more old namely of the present year or the years past 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But now a thrifty man provident of his own affairs was stored both with the one and the other prepared for either which should be required So it becomes a Scribe of the Gospel to have all things in readiness to bring forth according to the condition and nature of the thing of the place and of the hearers Do ye understand all these things saith Christ both the things which I have said and why I have said them So a Scribe of the Gospel ought to bring forth c. CHAP. XIV VERS II. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. This is Iohn c. WAS not Herod of the Sadducean saith For that which is said by Matthew Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Saducees Chap. XVI 6. is rendred by Mark Beware of the leven of the Pharisees and of the leaven of Herod Chap. VIII 15. that is Of their doctrine If therefore Herod embraced the doctrine of the Sadducees his words This is John the Baptist he is risen from the dead seem to be extorted from his conscience pricked with the sting of horror and guilt as though the image and ghost of the Baptist but newly butchered by him were before his eyes So that his mind is under horror and forgetting his Sadducism groaning and trembling he acknowledgeth the Resurrection of the dead whether he will or no. Or let it be supposed that with the Pharisees he owned the Resurrection of the dead yet certainly it was unusual for them that confessed it to dream of the resurrection of one that was but newly dead they expected there should be a resurrection of the dead hereafter but this which Herod speaks beleives and suspects is a great way distant from that doctrin and seems indeed to have proceeded from a conscience touched from above VERS IV. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 It is not lawful for thee to have her a a a a a a Cherithuth cap. 1. hal 1. THERE are thirty six cuttings off in the Law that is sinners who deserve cutting off And among the rest 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 He that lies with his brothers wife b b b b b b Joseph Antiq. lib. 18. cap. 6. Philip was now alive and lived to the twentieth year of Tiberius VERS VI. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And when Herods birth day was kept THE Jewish Schools esteem the keeping of Birthdays a part of Idolatrous worship perhaps they would pronounce more favourably and flatteringly of thine O Tetrarch because thine c c c c c c Avodah Zarah c. 1. hal 3. These are the times of Idolaters 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Kalends 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Saturnalia 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that is when they first took upon them the Empire 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 The Birth day of the Kingdom 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 And the day of a mans birth While they distinguish 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and A birth day they understand the beginning of that Kingdom of which distinction the Gemarists have many disputes 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. The daugter of Herodias danced Not so much out of lightness as according to the custom of the Nation namely to express joy and to celebrate the day The Jews were wont in their public and more than ordinary
by the Gospel And when he saith lift up your eyes and look on the fields he seemeth to point them to the multitude of Samaritans that were now in sight coming toward him That passage in the Prophet Hosea Chap. 2. 20 21 22 23. speaketh to such another divine and spiritual sense and purpose I will hear the heavens and they shall hear the earth And the earth shall hear the corn and the wine and the oil and they shall hear Jezreel the Lords seedness And I will sow her to me in the earth c. And the like in Amos 9. 13 14. Behold the days come saith the Lord that the plowman shall overtake the reaper c. Vers. 36. And he that reapeth c. The Prophets and the holy Teachers under the Old Testament sowed the Word and Doctrine of Salvation which ripened to the harvest of the Gospel Not but that they like good labourers reaped the fruits of their labours in gathering a harvest of souls in their several generations by the power of their Ministery but in this passage our Saviour aimeth not only at the Disciples converting of souls as they had done but also at some transcendency of theirs in this ministration above those that had gone before them which may be observed in these particulars of advantage 1. The Prophets and the teachers of the way of Salvation under the Law may be considered in a twofold relation either in reference to the great pains they took in their ministery and the fruit they had of it in conversion of souls or in reference to the doctrine of Salvation which they left behind them planted in the Nation by their pains and ministery to succeeding generations To this latter it is that our Saviour referreth when he saith that they were to enter into other mens labours meaning that whereas the clearness of the doctrine of Salvation had been growing in the Nation from time to time by the pains and sowing of the holy Prophets in their several ages they now came to preach upon this advantage that they had all these holy mens foundations to build upon and to top up the clearness of that doctrine which they had been building up through all the time of the Old Testament Nay we may also take John Baptist and Christ himself in the number of these seedsmen that sowed the seed of that doctrine in more plentifulness and clearness than all had done before and even into their labours must the Disciples in their ministery enter having so great a preparation made and so great a foundation laid as they two had made for them to enter upon and to begin their work 2. The Prophets and Teachers under the Law had raised the thoughts of the people to an expectation of Messias his coming about this very time as hath been observed before and so had even ripened them to the full for the ministery of the Apostles when they should come to teach that Christ was come and that he had done and suffered whatsoever was written of him And this very thing among others was a singular and eminent whiteness of this field of the Jewish Nation to harvest that they looked every day when the Messias should appear And observe how soon the womans words take in Samaria Is not this the Christ so as not only the Samaritans flock out to him but that upon her very words they believe and upon a little converse they confess We know that this is indeed the Christ the Saviour of the world vers 42. And this because their expectation was full ripe of the Messias his present coming 3. Now as for the ripeness of the Gentiles field for the Gospel harvest it consisted not so much in any such doctrine of Salvation as had been sowed among them or in such expectation of Christs coming though the Jews now dispersed through all the world might have a little acquainted them with such matters more than had been published among them in ancient times as it did in the ripening of the love of the Lord and his turning towards the Nations in mercy whom he had for so many years cast off and despised And according to the ripening of that love the Lord had disposed certain providences which did somewhat help toward the ripening of the world unto such a purpose as in that the Scriptures were now turned into the Greek Tongue and were among the Heathens that the Greek Tongue in which the New Testament was to be written was now the most commonly spoken language of all other and that the Jews of those Tribes that had retained the true Religion when the ten fell away namely Judah and Benjamin were by several means planted and sowed abroad in all Countries of the world and with them the Scriptures Our Saviour therefore upon the Samaritans coming out unanimously to him through the womans relation concerning him to whom he had imparted that he was the Messias for that very purpose taketh occasion to discourse of the ripeness of the world for the harvest of the Gospel and animateth his Disciples to that work by several arguments as 1. That they shall receive the reward and fruit of their labours to eternal life 2. That they shall not only receive this fruit but they shall receive it in the eminentest and highest degree with the glorious Patriarchs and Prophets who had laboured in sowing they and these reapers should rejoice together 3. That they should enter into other mens labours as Israel did at their entrance into the land of Canaan into houses they builded not and vineyards they planted not c. And that that common Proverb which proveth to be true upon various occurrences one soweth and another reapeth should prove true to them to their much comfort and incouragement Vers. 42. This is indeed Christ the Saviour of the world Here is a confession of Faith higher by some degree than the Jews common Creed and belief concerning the Messias for they held him only for a Saviour of the Jewish Nation and Redeemer of that people but the rest of the world they looked not after nor regarded and so we may see how deeply and cordially these Samaritans had drunk in and digested the water of life which Christ had administred unto them as to acknowledge him in his proper character The Samaritans indeed were Gentiles however they pretented to Joseph for their Father and so in their conversion may we look upon a beginning of the conversion of the Gentiles the great field now white for the Gospel Harvest In less than four years after this this field of Samaria where Christ had now sowed such seed the Enemy came and sowed damnable tears by Simon Magus Acts 8. It may be that wretch took opportunity for the venting and speeding of his delusions there by this that he found the City acknowledging it for certain that the Messias had been among them and he creeps in among them either as one of his Disciples or else
sin should never be changed the contents of the Flesh and the World should never have an end And how sadly and miserably do we feel the contrary to our eternal sorrow Oh! Satan thou hast deceived us and we have been deceived thou hast proved stronger than we and hast undone us For indeed Satans strength lies in his Cosenage cut but these locks of his like Sampsons and he is weak and can do little Satan with all his strength and power cannot force any man to sin and therefore his way is to cheat them to sin If Satan could force any soul to sin all souls must go to Hell and no flesh should be saved for he would spare none but since he cannot force and compel the Will he cheats and cosens the Understanding and so perswades the Will The subtil Serpent winds into the Will and Consent by deceiving the Fancy and Intellect as the Apostle speaks of sin Rom. VII 11. Sin deceived me and so slew me Satan deceives and so destroies How he does insinuate and inject his deceit and illusions upon the minds of men how he strikes fire that the tinder of the soul may take some kindling is not so easie for discovery as it is sad in experience It is a depth of Satan hard to be known as to his managing of it but too well known in the effect and operation I shall not therefore trouble you with any discourse upon that subject though something might be said about it both from Philosophy and Divinity II. It is a Masterpiece of his cheating to cheat men in matter of Religion To deceive the Nations with a false Religion instead of a true as he did the Heathen before he was bound and as he hath done the greatest part of the World with Popery and Mahumetism since he was let loose As it is the great work of Christ to propagate the truth and to promote the Gospel which is the great Truth of God and Mystery of Salvation so Satan makes it his business to sow tares among the wheat to corrupt the truth as much as possible and to muddy the wholsom waters of Religion of which the Sheep of Christ should drink as much as he can that no man may drink but durt and puddle As he himself abode not in the truth Joh. VIII so he cannot abide that men should abide in it if he can prevent it In 2 Cor. IV. 4. The God of this World blindeth mens minds that the brightness of the Gospel of the Glory of Christ should not shine to them The Devil plays not the small game of cheating men of their mony of their lands and worldly interests as men cheat one another but of their Religion of the soundness of truth of solid and wholesom principles Whence else such Idolatrous principles among the Heathen such damnable traditions among the Jews such cursed heresies among Christians The enemy hath done this who cannot abide the fair growing of the Wheat but if possible he will choke it with Tares Do you not hear of Doctrines of Devils 1 Tim. IV. 1. and of damnable heresies 2 Pet. II. 1. T is the Devils damnable plot and design to destroy men by their very principles of Religion to poyson the fountains out of which they should drink wholsom water that they drink death and damnation where they should drink wholsom refreshing It is a cheat too sad when the Devil cosens men to the hurt of their souls by their chusing and using things for their bodies outward condition but it is a Mastery of his delusions when he cheats them in matters and principles of Religion which they chuse and use for their souls T is a great and a sad mastery of his when he brings men to sin out of the very principles of their Religion to establish mischief by a Law As the vilest Act that ever was committed in the World viz. the crucifying the Lord of life the Jews did it out of the very Principles of their traditional Religion which ingaged them not to endure such a Messias And the horrid fact that this day commemorates which even amazeth all stories and the like to which no Age or Nation can produce or parallel they did it out of the very principles of their Religion their Faith being Faction and their Religion Rebellion as our Churches have many a time heard that character of them It is not a trifling business for men to take up principles and practises in Religion out of fancy and humor and self conceit though that hath been very much in fashion in our days It is Satans masterpiece of Policy to make men forsake the Waters of Siloam that run softly and to dig themselves Cisterns that will hold no water and so to perish for thirst Is it not a desperate cheat of Satan that men should out of principles of Religion refuse the publick Ministry out of principles of Religion should rant and become Atheists out of principles of Religion should do as they were about to have done by us this day to destroy those that are not of the same principles and Religion A sad thing when that which should be a mans balm becomes poison and those things which should have been for his greatest good should turn to his greatest evil when his principles of Religion become his greatest ruine Surely a very powerful cheat of Satan is there when men chuse darkness to be their light poison their diet and doctrines of Devils to be their way of Salvation I shall only mind you of the Apostles counsel 1 Joh. IV. 1. Beloved believe not every spirit but try the Spirits whether they are of God for many false Prophets are come into the World And that of another Apostle Prove all things and hold that which is good And Be not led away with every Doctrine The present occasion calls upon us to remember what men seduced by Satan would have done to us and what the God of truth and mercy hath done for us and we cannot better do either than with reflection upon Religion The Text before us tells us that Satan deceives all he can and musters an Army of those that he hath deceived to fight against those that will not be deceived For ask that Army why do you fight against the Camp of the Saints and why do you besiege the beloved City And what answer in the World can they give but this Because they will not be deceived by Satan as we are And ask our Gunpowder Plotters Why do you go about to destroy King Parliament and Nation What quarrel have you against them that you would bring so horrid a ruin upon them What wrong have they done you that you will take so severe and cruel a revenge Why they will not be as we are blind as we are blind befooled and deceived as we are befooled and deceived A sad case that a Nation must be destroyed because it will not be cheated by Satan because it will not put