chad_n stand_v he_o be_v a_o great_a friend_n and_o a_o favourer_n to_o the_o monk_n of_o bangor_n who_o part_n he_o take_v against_o the_o saxon_n that_o be_v set_v on_o by_o augustine_n the_o monk_n to_o prosecute_v they_o with_o fire_n and_o sword_n because_o they_o will_v not_o forsake_v the_o custom_n of_o their_o own_o church_n and_o conform_v to_o those_o of_o rome_n merfyn_n frych_n and_o esylht_n conan_n be_v dead_a merfyn_n frych_n and_o his_o wife_n esylht_n who_o be_v sole_a heir_n to_o conan_n take_v upon_o they_o the_o government_n or_o principality_n of_o wales_n this_o merfyn_n be_v king_n of_o man_n and_o son_n to_o gwyriat_n and_o nest_n the_o daughter_n of_o cadelh_n ap_fw-mi brochwel_fw-mi ap_fw-mi elis_n king_n of_o powy_n howel_n be_v forcible_o eject_v out_o of_o anglesey_n by_o his_o brother_n conan_n tindaethwy_n and_o escape_v to_o the_o island_n of_o man_n be_v honourable_o and_o kind_o receive_v by_o merfyn_n in_o return_n of_o who_o civility_n howel_n use_v such_o mean_n afterward_o that_o merfyn_n marry_v esylht_v the_o daughter_n and_o heir_n of_o his_o brother_n conan_n though_o other_o say_v that_o he_o die_v present_o after_o his_o escape_n to_o merfyn_n howel_n after_o that_o he_o have_v for_o about_o five_o year_n enjoy_v the_o isle_n of_o man_n and_o other_o land_n in_o the_o north_n give_v he_o by_o merfyn_n to_o hold_v under_o he_o dye_v about_o the_o year_n 825_o after_o who_o death_n they_o again_o return_v to_o merfyn_n who_o ancestor_n have_v always_o hold_v the_o same_o under_o the_o king_n of_o the_o britain_n and_o so_o upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o esylht_n the_o isle_n of_o man_n be_v annex_v to_o the_o crown_n of_o wales_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o their_o reign_n egbert_n the_o powerful_a king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n enter_v with_o a_o mighty_a army_n into_o wales_n destroy_v and_o waste_v the_o country_n as_o far_o as_o snowden_n hill_n and_o seize_v upon_o the_o lordship_n of_o rhyvoniec_n in_o denbighland_n about_o the_o same_o time_n a_o very_a sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v in_o anglesey_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o the_o welsh_a call_v from_o the_o place_n where_o this_o fight_n happen_v the_o battle_n of_o lhanvaes_n a.d._n 819_o fortune_n seem_v all_o this_o while_n to_o frown_v upon_o the_o welsh_a and_o their_o affair_n succeed_v very_o ill_a for_o short_o after_o that_o egbert_n have_v advance_v his_o colour_n as_o far_o as_o snowden_n kenulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n waste_v the_o country_n of_o west_n wales_n overran_a and_o destroy_a â—owis-land_n and_o great_o disturb_v and_o incommoded_a â—he_n welch_n nation_n soon_o after_o this_o kenulph_n die_v â—nd_n be_v succeed_v by_o kenelm_n and_o he_o in_o a_o short_a â—â—me_n by_o ceolwulph_n who_o after_o two_o year_n reign_n leave_v â—he_v kingdom_n of_o mercia_n to_o bernulph_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n be_v grow_v very_o strong_a and_o powerful_a able_a to_o reduce_v all_o the_o petty_a kingdom_n in_o britain_n under_o one_o single_a monarchy_n upon_o â—he_n thought_n of_o which_o he_o set_v upon_o bernulph_n king_n of_o mercia_n and_o vanquish_v he_o at_o elledowne_n and_o afterward_o bring_v under_o subjection_n the_o country_n of_o kent_n and_o of_o the_o west_n angle_n but_o the_o britain_n can_v â—ot_n be_v so_o easy_o subdue_v for_o after_o a_o long_a and_o a_o cruel_a â—ight_n at_o gavelford_n between_o they_o and_o the_o west_n saxon_n of_o devonshire_n in_o which_o several_a thousand_o be_v â—â—ain_o on_o both_o side_n the_o victory_n remain_v uncertain_a he_o have_v better_a success_n against_o wyhtlafe_a king_n of_o mercia_n a.d._n 829_o who_o dominion_n he_o easy_o add_v to_o his_o now_o increase_a monarchy_n and_o pass_v humber_n he_o quick_o â—educed_v that_o country_n to_o his_o subjection_n the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n be_v now_o become_v one_o kingdom_n and_o egâ—ert_v sole_a monarch_n of_o all_o the_o country_n that_o the_o saxonsâ—ossessed_v â—ossessed_z in_o britain_n which_o name_n he_o order_v shall_v â—e_v change_v to_o england_n his_o people_n to_o be_v call_v enâ—lishmen_n and_o the_o language_n english_a they_o who_o come_v over_o out_o of_o germany_n into_o this_o â—sland_n to_o aid_v the_o britain_n against_o their_o enemy_n the_o pict_n and_o scot_n be_v partly_o saxon_n angles_n and_o outhe_n from_o the_o first_o of_o which_o come_v the_o people_n of_o essex_n suffex_n middlesex_n and_o the_o westsaxons_a from_o â—he_n angle_n the_o east_n angle_n the_o mercian_n and_o they_o â—hat_n inhabit_v the_o north_n side_n of_o humber_n from_o the_o juthe_n the_o kentishman_n and_o they_o that_o settle_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n these_o german_n after_o that_o they_o have_v drive_v â—he_n britain_n beyond_o severn_n and_o dee_n erect_v seven_o kingdom_n call_v the_o heptarchy_n in_o the_o other_o part_n of_o â—he_n island_n whereof_o 1._o kent_n 2._o of_o the_o south-saxons_a contain_v sussex_n and_o surrey_n 3._o the_o east-angle_n in_o norfolk_n suffolk_n and_o cambridgshire_n 4._o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a comprehend_v berkshire_n devonshire_n somersetshire_n and_o cornwall_n 5._o mercia_n contain_v gloucester_n hereford_n worcester_z shropshire_n stafford_n cheshire_n warwick_n leicester_n derby_n nottingham_n lincoln_n northampton_n oxford_n buckingham_z bedford_z and_o half_a hartfordshire_n 6_o the_o east-saxons_a contain_v essex_n middlesex_n and_o the_o other_o part_n of_o hartford_n 7._o of_o the_o northumbrian_n take_v in_o all_o the_o country_n beyond_o hamber_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n deyra_n and_o bernicia_n the_o first_o from_o humber_n to_o tyne_n the_o other_o from_o tyne_n to_o the_o scottish_a sea_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a have_v several_o conquer_v these_o kingdom_n annex_v they_o together_o and_o comprehend_v they_o under_o one_o monarchy_n which_o be_v call_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 96â—_n year_n after_o the_o come_n of_o brute_n to_o 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fight_v and_o the_o dane_n pâ—â—_n to_o a_o total_a rout_n the_o welsh_a suffer_v severe_o fâ—â—_n this_o egbert_n be_v high_o incense_v that_o the_o danâ—â—_n be_v support_v by_o they_o lay_v siege_n to_o caer_n lheon_n 〈◊〉_d dhyfrdwy_n or_o chester_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o venedotiâ—â—_n which_o hitherto_o have_v remain_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o welsh_a take_v the_o town_n and_z among_o other_o tokeâ—_n of_o his_o indignation_n he_o cause_v the_o brazen_a effigy_n oâ—_n cadwalhon_n king_n of_o britain_n to_o be_v pull_v down_o and_o deface_v and_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n forbid_v the_o erect_v 〈◊〉_d such_o again_o he_o issue_v out_o also_o a_o proclamation_n by_o thâ—_n instigation_n of_o his_o wife_n redburga_n who_o always_o bear_v a_o inveterate_a malice_n to_o the_o welsh_a command_v all_o that_o â—ere_z any_o way_n extract_v from_o british_a blood_n to_o deâ—art_v with_o all_o their_o effect_n out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n within_o â—â—x_n month_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n these_o be_v very_o â—â—vere_a and_o insupportable_a term_n but_o he_o do_v not_o live_v â—ong_a to_o see_v they_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o die_v short_o â—fter_o the_o battle_n of_o hengestdown_n he_o be_v succeed_v by_o â—on_n ethelwulph_n this_o king_n ethelwulph_n marry_v his_o daughter_n to_o berthr_v who_o be_v his_o tributary_n king_n of_o mercia_n by_o who_o help_n he_o successful_o oppose_v the_o â—ruel_a incursion_n of_o the_o dane_n who_o miserable_o destroy_v the_o seacoast_n of_o england_n with_o fire_n and_o 〈◊〉_d these_o danish_a commotion_n be_v indifferent_o well_o appease_v berthred_a king_n of_o mercia_n set_v â—pon_o the_o welsh_a between_o who_o a_o remarkable_a battle_n â—as_v seek_v at_o a_o place_n call_v kettell_n where_o merfyn_n â—rych_a king_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v kill_v leave_v to_o â—â—cceed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o wales_n his_o son_n roâ—eric_a mawr_z or_o the_o great_a roderic_n the_o great_a merfyn_n frych_n have_v lose_v his_o life_n and_o with_o it_o his_o a.d._n 843_o kingdom_n in_o
interdict_v and_o forbid_v to_o enter_v any_o man_n house_n or_o to_o compose_v any_o song_n of_o any_o one_o without_o the_o special_a leave_n and_o warrant_v of_o the_o party_n concern_v with_o many_o other_o ordinance_n relate_v to_o the_o like_a purpose_n owen_n gwynedh_n after_o the_o death_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n his_o elder_a son_n owen_n surname_v gwynedh_n succeed_v in_o the_o principality_n of_o north_n wales_n who_o no_o soon_o have_v enter_v upon_o the_o government_n but_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n he_o make_v a_o expedition_n into_o south-wales_n and_o have_v demolish_v and_o overthrow_v the_o castle_n of_o stradmeyric_n stephan_n and_o humffreys_n and_o lay_v in_o ash_n the_o town_n of_o caermardhyn_n he_o return_v home_o with_o no_o less_o honour_n than_o booty_n and_o plunder_n about_o the_o same_o time_n john_n archdeacon_n of_o lhanbaran_n depart_v this_o life_n a_o man_n of_o singular_a piety_n and_o strictness_n of_o life_n who_o for_o his_o rigid_a zeal_n in_o religion_n and_o virtue_n be_v think_v worthy_a to_o be_v canonize_v and_o to_o be_v count_v among_o the_o number_n of_o the_o saint_n this_o year_n likewise_o king_n stephen_n pass_v over_o to_o normandy_n and_o have_v conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o anjou_n return_v back_o to_o england_n without_o any_o further_a delay_n but_o the_o follow_a spring_n give_v opportunity_n for_o great_a undertake_n david_n king_n of_o scot_n upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n go_v to_o france_n last_o summer_n have_v enter_v the_o border_n of_o england_n and_o continue_v to_o make_v considerable_a waste_v and_o havoc_n in_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n whereupon_o king_n stephen_n to_o rid_v his_o country_n and_o his_o subject_n from_o so_o dangerous_a a_o enemy_n march_v with_o a_o army_n towards_o the_o north_n who_o come_v the_o king_n of_o scot_n hear_v of_o he_o relinquish_v the_o border_n of_o england_n and_o retire_v to_o his_o own_o country_n but_o that_o will_v not_o satisfy_v king_n stephen_n who_o desire_v to_o be_v further_o revenge_v for_o the_o unpardonable_a hostility_n commit_v by_o the_o scot_n in_o his_o country_n and_o therefore_o pursue_v the_o scot_n to_o their_o own_o country_n he_o harassed_a and_o lay_v waist_n all_o the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n but_o the_o king_n absence_n animate_v several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n to_o rebel_n to_o which_o purpose_n they_o fortify_v every_o one_o their_o castle_n and_o strong_a hold_v william_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n those_o of_o leeds_n and_o bristol_n ralph_n lunel_n cariola_n william_n fitzallen_n shrewsbury_n paganellus_n ludlow_n william_n the_o moyun_n dunester_n robert_n the_o nichol_n warham_n eustace_n fitz-john_n merton_n and_o walklyn_n dover_n but_o for_o all_o these_o mighty_a preparation_n the_o king_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v master_n of_o they_o all_o some_o he_o win_v by_o assault_n other_o upon_o fair_a promise_n and_o advantageous_a condition_n be_v surrender_v up_o and_o some_o he_o get_v by_o treacherous_a and_o underhand_o contrivance_n the_o scot_n think_v to_o make_v good_a advantage_n of_o these_o commotion_n in_o england_n and_o thereupon_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o hear_v that_o some_o of_o the_o english_a nobility_n be_v in_o actual_a rebellion_n against_o the_o king_n they_o enter_v into_o the_o border_n and_o begin_v as_o they_o think_v without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o opposition_n to_o ravage_v and_o lay_v waste_v the_o country_n before_o '_o they_o but_o william_n earl_n of_o albemarle_n william_n pyppell_n earl_n of_o nottingham_n walter_n espec_n and_o gilbert_n lacie_n gather_v together_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v raise_v in_o the_o north_n and_o be_v animate_v and_o encourage_v by_o the_o eloquent_a and_o press_a oration_n of_o ralph_n bishop_n of_o orkneys_n which_o he_o deliver_v in_o the_o audience_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n they_o set_v upon_o the_o scot_n at_o almerton_n with_o such_o unanimous_a courage_n that_o after_o a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o his_o man_n king_n david_n be_v glad_a to_o escape_v with_o his_o life_n by_o flight_n after_o this_o king_n stephen_n seize_v to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o castle_n of_o ludlow_n and_o leeds_n and_o press_v the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n and_o lincoln_n so_o hard_o that_o to_o prevent_v their_o perish_v by_o famine_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o surrender_v the_o former_a the_o castle_n of_o vise_n and_o shirburn_n the_o latter_a those_o of_o newark_n upon_o trent_n and_o sleeford_n this_o do_v not_o a_o little_a augment_v the_o king_n strength_n against_o the_o ensue_a storm_n for_o in_o the_o summer_n this_o year_n maud_n the_o empress_n daughter_n and_o heir_n to_o king_n henry_n to_o who_o king_n stephen_n with_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n have_v swear_v allegiance_n land_v at_o arundel_n with_o her_o brother_n robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o be_v there_o honourable_o receive_v by_o william_n de_fw-fr albineto_n who_o be_v late_o marry_v to_o queen_n adeliz_n king_n henry_n widow_n with_o who_o he_o receive_v the_o earldom_n of_o arundel_n in_o dowry_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o king_n stephen_n hear_v of_o her_o land_n he_o march_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n to_o arundel_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o find_v it_o upon_o trial_n impregnable_a he_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v suffer_v the_o empress_n and_o her_o brother_n to_o escape_v to_o bristol_n a.d._n 1138_o the_o next_o year_n a_o unlucky_a accident_n fall_v out_o in_o wales_n cynric_n one_o of_o prince_n owen_n son_n have_v by_o some_o mean_n or_o other_o disgu_v madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n a_o person_n of_o considerable_a esteem_n and_o estate_n in_o the_o country_n be_v with_o his_o connivance_n set_v upon_o and_o slay_v by_o his_o men._n but_o the_o affair_n of_o england_n this_o year_n afford_v great_a rarity_n of_o action_n king_n stephen_n with_o a_o formidable_a army_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o city_n of_o lincoln_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o which_o ranulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n march_v with_o their_o force_n but_o before_o they_o can_v arrive_v the_o town_n be_v take_v whereupon_o they_o draw_v up_o their_o force_n in_o order_n to_o give_v the_o king_n battle_n who_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v as_o ready_a to_o receive_v they_o king_n stephen_n draw_v up_o his_o force_n in_o three_o battle_n the_o first_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o britain_n mellent_a norfolk_n hampton_n and_o warren_n the_o second_o by_o the_o earl_n of_o albemarle_n and_o william_n of_o ypres_n and_o the_o three_o by_o the_o king_n himself_o assist_v by_o baldwyn_n fitz-gilbert_n with_o several_a other_o of_o his_o nobility_n of_o the_o enemy_n side_n the_o disinherited_a baron_n have_v the_o first_o place_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n with_o a_o considerable_a party_n of_o welshman_n far_o better_o courage_v than_o arm_v lead_v the_o second_o and_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n the_o three_o battle_n after_o a_o hot_a and_o bloody_a dispute_n of_o both_o side_n the_o victory_n at_o length_n favour_v the_o baron_n king_n stephen_n be_v first_o take_v prisoner_n and_o a_o little_a after_o the_o queen_n together_o with_o william_n of_o ypres_n and_o bryan_n fitz-count_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o william_n martell_n and_o geffrey_n de_fw-fr mandeville_n gather_v together_o some_o fresh_a force_n and_o fight_v the_o empress_n and_o her_o brother_n at_o winchester_n and_o have_v put_v the_o empress_n to_o flight_n take_v earl_n robert_n prisoner_n for_o exchange_v of_o who_o the_o king_n be_v set_v at_o liberty_n the_o next_o year_n king_n stephen_n will_v a.d._n 1139_o try_v the_o other_o adventure_n and_o receive_v a_o second_o overthrow_n at_o wilton_n which_o however_o do_v not_o so_o much_o discourage_v he_o but_o that_o he_o lay_v so_o close_a a_o siege_n to_o the_o empress_n at_o oxford_n that_o she_o be_v glad_a to_o make_v she_o escape_v to_o wallingford_n the_o same_o year_n die_v madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n a_o person_n of_o great_a quality_n and_o note_n in_o wales_n and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi howel_n a_o man_n of_o no_o mean_a esteem_n be_v slay_v by_o the_o son_n of_o blethyn_n ap_fw-mi gwyn_n for_o the_o two_o succeed_a year_n nothing_o remarkable_a a.d._n 1140_o pass_v in_o wales_n except_v that_o this_o year_n howel_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi rhytherch_n of_o cantref_n rychan_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi howel_n be_v cowardly_o slay_v by_o the_o treachery_n and_o perfidious_a practice_n of_o the_o fleming_n and_o the_o next_o a.d._n 1141_o year_n howel_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n be_v base_o murder_v by_o his_o own_o man_n at_o which_o time_n howel_n and_o cadwgan_n the_o son_n of_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n upon_o some_o unhappy_a quarrel_n do_v kill_v
at_o brentford_n and_o come_v to_o kent_n in_o pursuit_n of_o â—nute_n who_o upon_o engage_v be_v so_o shameful_o defeat_v at_o first_o and_o his_o man_n put_v to_o that_o terrible_a flight_n that_o â—ere_z want_v nothing_o of_o a_o full_a and_o absolute_a victory_n â—â—t_v the_o true_a loyalty_n of_o the_o traitor_n edric_n who_o perceive_v the_o victory_n to_o incline_v to_o edmund_n and_o the_o â—anes_n like_v to_o receive_v their_o mortal_a and_o final_a blow_n â—â—yed_v aloud_o flee_v engle_n flee_v engle_n edmund_n be_v dead_a â—nd_v thereupon_o flee_v with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n under_o â—â—s_o command_v leave_v the_o king_n overpower_a with_o â—umber_n by_o this_o desertion_n the_o english_a be_v at_o the_o â—â—st_n overthrow_v and_o a_o great_a number_n slay_v among_o â—hom_n be_v duke_n edmund_n duke_n alfric_n duke_n godâ—yn_n and_o vlfkettel_n the_o valiant_a duke_n of_o the_o east-angles_a together_o with_o all_o the_o english_a cavalry_n and_o a_o â—â—eat_a part_n of_o the_o nobility_n after_o this_o victory_n cnuteâ—arched_v â—arched_z triumphant_o to_o london_n and_o be_v crown_v king_n but_o edmund_n prepare_v to_o try_v his_o fortune_n in_o anâ—ther_n field_n muster_v together_o all_o the_o force_n he_o can_v â—nd_v meeting_n with_o cnute_n in_o gloucestershire_n intend_v â—o_o give_v he_o battle_n but_o consider_v what_o cruel_a and_o â—nnatural_a bloodshed_n have_v already_o happen_v both_o general_o agree_v to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o this_o tedious_a quarrel_n by_o â—â—ngle_a combat_n and_o the_o place_n be_v appoint_v edmundâ—nd_a â—nd_z cnute_n fall_v to_o it_o very_o vigorous_o till_o at_o last_o cnuteâ—erceiving_v â—erceiving_z it_o impracticable_a to_o vanquish_v a_o man_n of_o iron_n sides_n lay_v down_o his_o weapon_n move_v this_o composition_n to_o divide_v the_o kingdom_n fair_o betwixt_o they_o edmund_n be_v not_o displease_v at_o the_o offer_n and_o therefore_o both_o party_n submit_v to_o this_o decision_n that_o edmund_n shall_v rule_v the_o westsaxons_a and_o the_o south_n cnute_n in_o mercia_n and_o all_o the_o north_n and_o so_o they_o part_v friend_n cnute_n move_v to_o london_n and_o edmund_n to_o oxford_n but_o edric_n be_v not_o please_v that_o edmund_n shall_v have_v any_o share_n at_o all_o of_o the_o government_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o conspire_v against_o his_o life_n and_o to_o deliver_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n of_o england_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o cnute_n of_o who_o he_o may_v reasonable_o expect_v for_o this_o and_o other_o traitorous_a service_n a_o very_a ample_a and_o a_o answerable_a return_n this_o he_o commit_v to_o one_o of_o his_o own_o son_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n a_o 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o old_a stock_n and_o one_o early_o verse_v in_o wicked_a and_o traitorous_a design_n who_o perceive_v the_o king_n to_o go_v 〈◊〉_d stool_n thrust_v up_o a_o sharp_a knife_n up_o his_o fundament_n 〈◊〉_d which_o wound_v he_o present_o dye_v edric_n be_v quick_o certify_v of_o the_o fact_n post_v it_o up_o to_o london_n and_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o loud_a acclamation_n come_v to_o cnutâ—_n greet_v he_o as_o sole_a king_n of_o england_n and_o withal_o tell_v he_o in_o what_o manner_n and_o by_o who_o mean_n hâ—â—_n old_a enemy_n king_n edmund_n be_v assassinate_v and_o kill_v at_o oxford_n cnute_n though_o please_v at_o the_o death_n of_o edmund_n be_v a_o person_n of_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o commend_v so_o horrible_a a_o deed_n though_o do_v to_o a_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o tell_v edric_n that_o he_o will_v without_o faâ—â—_n take_v care_n to_o reward_v he_o as_o his_o desert_n require_v anâ—_n will_v advance_v he_o above_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n which_o be_v quick_o perform_v his_o head_n be_v placeâ—_n upon_o the_o high_a tower_n in_o london_n for_o a_o terror_n 〈◊〉_d such_o villainous_a traitor_n to_o their_o king_n edric_n be_v thus_o deserve_o disappoint_v of_o the_o mighty_a thought_n he_o entertain_v of_o greatness_n upon_o the_o advancement_n of_o king_n cnute_n this_o generous_a dane_n scorn_v his_o basâ—ness_n and_o so_o have_v pay_v he_o a_o traitor_n reward_n cause_v execution_n to_o be_v do_v upon_o all_o edric_n complice_n and_o those_o that_o consent_v to_o the_o base_a murder_n oâ—_n that_o brave_a prince_n king_n edmund_n about_o the_o same_o time_n there_o happen_v no_o small_a disturbance_n a.d._n 1015_o and_o commotion_n in_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sytsylht_n have_v for_o some_o year_n sit_v still_o and_o quiet_a begin_v now_o to_o bestir_v himself_o and_o have_v draw_v all_o his_o force_n together_o march_v against_o aedan_n who_o forcible_o and_o without_o any_o legal_a pretence_n have_v enter_v upon_o and_o for_o all_o this_o time_n have_v keep_v himself_o in_o the_o government_n of_o north-wales_n aedan_n will_v not_o easy_o â—eject_v himself_o from_o what_o have_v be_v so_o long_o in_o his_o possession_n to_o maintain_v which_o he_o give_v lhewelyn_n battle_n but_o the_o day_n go_v against_o he_o himself_z with_o his_o four_o son_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o spot_n upon_o which_o lheweâ—yn_n without_o any_o regard_n have_v to_o jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n the_o right_a heir_n take_v upon_o himself_o the_o title_n and_o authority_n of_o prince_n of_o all_o wales_n his_o pretence_n to_o north-wales_n be_v as_o be_v descend_v from_o traw_v daughter_n to_o elis_n second_o son_n to_o anarawd_n who_o be_v the_o elder_a son_n of_o roderic_n the_o great_a and_o to_o south_n wales_n as_o have_v marry_v angharad_n the_o only_a daughter_n of_o meredith_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o pretension_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o the_o government_n of_o all_o wales_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi sitsylht_n lhewelyn_n have_v as_o be_v say_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o general_a government_n of_o wales_n manage_v his_o charge_n with_o such_o prudence_n and_o moderation_n that_o the_o country_n in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v very_o flourish_v and_o prosperous_a peace_n and_o tranquillity_n be_v establish_v produce_v plenty_n and_o increase_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a to_o humane_a subsistence_n for_o there_o be_v none_o that_o can_v â—ay_n any_o claim_n or_o pretence_n to_o either_o of_o the_o principality_n except_v jago_n the_o son_n of_o edwal_n who_o be_v indeed_o lawful_a heir_n of_o north-wales_n but_o either_o too_o weak_a to_o withstand_v or_o unwilling_a to_o disturb_v lhewelyn_n title_n he_o lay_v quiet_a for_o a_o time_n expect_v a_o better_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v his_o right_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cnute_n be_v crown_v king_n of_o all_o england_n marrieâ—_n emma_n the_o widow_n of_o king_n edelred_n and_o for_o the_o better_a secure_v the_o english_a crown_n to_o himself_o and_o his_o heir_n he_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o dispatch_v edmund_n and_o edward_n the_o son_n of_o ironside_n out_o of_o the_o way_n but_o lefâ—_n such_o a_o execrable_a fact_n shall_v seem_v too_o black_a to_o be_v do_v in_o england_n he_o send_v the_o two_o youth_n to_o solomâ—n_a king_n of_o hungary_n will_v he_o to_o use_v some_o convenient_a opportunity_n to_o take_v away_o their_o life_n which_o seem_v to_o solomon_n so_o very_o unnatural_a that_o instead_o of_o comply_v with_o cnute_n request_n he_o educate_v and_o bring_v they_o up_o as_o his_o own_o child_n but_o cnute_n imagine_v now_o that_o his_o fear_n be_v over_o and_o his_o busâ—ness_n effectual_o finish_v so_o that_o he_o can_v the_o more_o bold_o demand_v of_o his_o subject_n what_o either_o his_o necessity_n or_o curiosity_n will_v prompt_v he_o to_o and_o reflect_v with_o himself_o what_o excessive_a expense_n he_o have_v be_v at_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n be_v resolve_v that_o the_o english_a shall_v repay_v he_o and_o therefore_o require_v a_o subsidy_n of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o pound_n beside_o eleven_o thousand_o which_o the_o city_n of_o london_n contribute_v the_o same_o time_n meyric_n the_o son_n of_o arthfael_n a_o person_n of_o quality_n in_o wales_n rebel_v and_o raise_v aâ—_n army_n against_o prince_n lhewelyn_n who_o no_o soon_o appear_v in_o the_o field_n to_o quell_v this_o malcontented_n general_n but_o manful_o slay_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n and_o easy_o discomfit_v his_o follower_n the_o same_o time_n cnute_n sail_v over_o into_o denmark_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o vandal_n who_o for_o all_o that_o they_o have_v a_o great_a army_n 〈◊〉_d the_o field_n be_v overcome_v by_o the_o imcomparable_a valour_n of_o earl_n godwyn_n for_o which_o famous_a action_n cnutâ—_n have_v the_o english_a in_o great_a esteem_n ever_o after_o a.d._n 1020_o but_o lhewelyn_n prince_n of_o wales_n though_o he_o have_v late_o quell_v the_o rebel_n head_v by_o meyric_n be_v now_o to_o encounter_v with_o another_o difficulty_n which_o seem_v to_o threaten_v great_a disturbance_n and_o trouble_n to_o he_o for_o a_o certain_a person_n of_o a_o mean_a quality_n in_o scotland_n come_v to_o south-wales_n assume_v the_o
of_o â—â—ourt_n not_o dream_v of_o any_o such_o treacherous_a villainy_n â—â—he_o same_o time_n robert_n curthoys_a the_o bastard_n elder_a son_n â—â—eing_v for_o some_o reason_n disgu_v against_o his_o father_n and_o â—â—t_v on_o by_o the_o instigation_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n enâ—â—red_v normandy_n with_o a_o army_n and_o claim_v it_o as_o his_o â—â—ight_n which_o king_n william_n be_v acquaint_v with_o â—â—ssed_v over_o to_o normandy_n and_o meet_v with_o his_o son_n â—and_n to_o hand_n in_o battle_n be_v by_o he_o overthrow_v â—ut_fw-la be_v return_v from_o normandy_n he_o enter_v with_o 〈◊〉_d great_a army_n into_o wales_n and_o march_v after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o pilgrimage_n as_o far_o as_o s._n david_n he_o offer_v aâ—â—_n pay_v his_o devotion_n to_o that_o saint_n and_o afterward_o â—â—ceived_v homage_n of_o the_o king_n and_o prince_n of_o the_o coâ—â—try_n about_o the_o same_o time_n the_o tomb_n of_o walwey_n kiâ—â—_n arthur_n sister_n son_n a_o most_o valiant_a person_n in_o his_o tiâ—â—_n and_o governor_n of_o that_o country_n from_o he_o calâ—â—â—_n walwethey_n be_v discover_v in_o the_o country_n of_o 〈◊〉_d nigh_o the_o seashore_n who_o body_n prove_v monstrous_o prodigious_a be_v in_o length_n about_o fourteen_o foot_n a.d._n 1086_o this_o year_n madawc_n cadwgan_n and_o riryd_n the_o son_n 〈◊〉_d blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n sometime_o prince_n of_o wales_n raiseâ—_n 〈◊〉_d rebellion_n against_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi tewdor_n and_o have_v draâ—â—_n together_o a_o great_a number_n of_o licentious_a and_o malcontented_a people_n think_v to_o eject_v he_o out_o of_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n rhys_n have_v not_o power_n and_o fâ—â—ces_n enough_o to_o oppose_v they_o the_o rebel_n army_n increase_v daily_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o the_o discontent_a multitude_n who_o always_o rejoice_v at_o any_o new_a commotion_n 〈◊〉_d disturbance_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v compel_v to_o 〈◊〉_d to_o ireland_n where_o he_o obtain_v a_o very_a considerable_a pâ—â—â—_n of_o irish_a and_o scot_n upon_o promise_n of_o a_o sufficient_a reward_n in_o case_n he_o be_v restore_v again_o to_o his_o principality_n have_v by_o this_o measure_n get_v a_o very_a sensible_a increase_n his_o former_a strength_n he_o land_v in_o south-wales_n tâ—â—_n news_n of_o who_o arrive_v be_v blaze_v abroad_o 〈◊〉_d friend_n from_o all_o quarter_n present_o retire_v to_o he_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o army_n become_v numerous_a aâ—â—_n able_a to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n the_o rebel_n be_v seâ—sible_a how_o the_o prince_n force_n daily_o multiply_v aâ—â—_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v any_o far_a addition_n they_o maâ—_n all_o possible_a haste_n to_o force_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n which_o iâ—_n a_o short_a time_n after_o happen_v at_o lhech_n y_o creu_n where_o thâ—_n rebel_n be_v vanquish_v madawc_n and_o riryd_n be_v slaiâ—_n and_o cadwgan_n glad_a to_o save_v his_o life_n by_o flight_n rhys_n have_v win_v so_o signal_n a_o victory_n and_o fear_v no_o far_a disturbance_n dismiss_v the_o irish_a and_o scots_a with_o greaâ—_n reward_n who_o honourable_o return_v to_o their_o owâ—_n a.d._n 1087_o country_n within_o a_o while_n after_o a_o unaccountablâ—_n sacrilege_n be_v commit_v at_o s._n david_n the_o shriâ—â—_n belong_v to_o the_o cathedral_n be_v felonious_o convey_v out_o of_o the_o church_n all_o the_o plate_n and_o other_o utensil_n be_v steal_v and_o only_o the_o shrine_n leave_v empty_a behind_o â—he_v same_o year_n a_o civil-war_n break_v out_o in_o england_n use_v several_a army_n in_o several_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n â—ere_z up_o in_o arm_n at_o the_o same_o time_n and_o among_o the_o â—â—st_n the_o welsh_a who_o enter_v into_o gloucester_n and_o worâ—â—ster_n shire_n burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o they_o to_z â—â—e_z gate_n of_o worcester_n the_o king_n have_v draw_v his_o arm_n together_o proceed_v against_o his_o enemy_n by_o deâ—â—ees_n and_o fall_v upon_o their_o separate_a party_n without_o â—â—y_a great_a difficulty_n reduce_v all_o to_o obedience_n withâ—â—_n a.d._n 1089_o two_o year_n after_o archbishop_z sulien_n the_o most_o pious_a use_v learned_a person_n in_o wales_n dye_v in_o the_o eighti_v â—ear_v of_o his_o age_n and_o in_o the_o sixteenth_o year_n of_o his_o biâ—oprick_n present_o after_o who_o death_n the_o town_n of_o 〈◊〉_d david_n suffer_v a_o more_o sensible_a calamity_n be_v first_o sunder_v and_o afterward_o burn_v by_o a_o company_n of_o pyâ—â—ts_n who_o sore_o infest_a the_o british_a coast_n about_o â—â—e_v same_o time_n also_o die_v cadifor_n the_o son_n of_o calhoynâ—ord_n â—ord_z of_o dyfed_a whole_a son_n lhewelyn_n and_o eineon_n moâ—â—d_v gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n to_o take_v up_o arm_n against_o his_o sovereign_a prince_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi tâ—wdor_n with_o who_o they_o â—yned_v all_o the_o force_n they_o cou_o levy_v among_o their_o tenant_n and_o dependent_n then_o pass_v with_o their_o arâ—y_n to_o lhandydoch_n bold_o challenge_v rhys_n to_o fight_v â—ho_n thereupon_o give_v they_o battle_n and_o after_o a_o resolute_a â—ngagement_n of_o both_o side_n the_o rebel_n be_v at_o length_n worsted_n and_o put_v flight_n and_o then_o so_o narrow_o pursue_v â—hat_n gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o in_o â—ne_n execute_v as_o a_o traitor_n but_o eineon_n make_v his_o â—scape_n and_o not_o dare_v to_o trust_v himself_o with_o any_o of_o â—is_n own_o kindred_n he_o flee_v to_o jestyn_n ap_fw-mi gurgant_n lord_n â—f_n morganwc_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a rebellion_n â—gainst_a prince_n rhys_n and_o to_o ingratiate_v himself_o the_o â—hore_n in_o iestyn_n favour_n he_o promise_v upon_o condition_n â—f_o the_o performance_n of_o certain_a article_n one_o of_o which_o more_o especial_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v receive_v his_o daughter_n in_o matrimony_n that_o he_o will_v bring_v over_o â—o_o his_o aid_n a_o considerable_a body_n of_o norman_n with_o who_o he_o be_v singular_o acquaint_v as_o have_v serve_v a_o long_a time_n in_o england_n these_o article_n be_v agree_v to_o and_o record_v eineon_n post_v to_o england_n and_o in_o a_o little_a time_n bring_v matter_n so_o about_o that_o he_o prevail_v with_o robert_n fitzhamon_n and_o twelve_o more_o knight_n to_o leuâ—_n a.d._n 1090_o a_o strong_a army_n of_o norman_n and_o to_o come_v to_o wales_n tâ—_n the_o protection_n and_o aid_n of_o jestyn_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o follow_a year_n they_o land_v in_o glamorganshire_n and_o be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o jestyn_n who_o join_v his_o power_n to_o they_o march_v to_o prince_n rhys_n his_o domininion_n where_o without_o the_o least_o show_n of_o mercy_n to_o his_o own_o countryman_n he_o encourage_v the_o norman_n by_o his_o own_o example_n to_o spoil_v and_o destroy_v all_o that_o come_v before_o they_o prince_n rhys_n be_v mighty_o grieve_v to_o finâ—_n his_o country_n so_o unmerciful_o harass_v and_o though_o aâ—_n this_o time_n very_o ancient_a be_v above_o 98_o year_n of_o age_n he_o can_v not_o refrain_v but_o meet_v his_o enemy_n and_o have_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n raise_v a_o convenient_a army_n hâ—_n meet_v with_o they_o near_o brecnock_v where_o after_o a_o terrible_a fight_n and_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n he_o be_v unhappy_o slay_v with_o he_o fall_v the_o glory_n and_o grandeâ—â—_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o south-wales_n be_v afterward_o rend_v in_o piece_n and_o divide_v into_o several_a part_n and_o piece-meal_n among_o these_o norman_a captain_n as_o shall_v be_v by_o and_o by_o more_o particular_o relate_v prince_n rhys_n less_o issue_n behind_o he_o by_o the_o daughter_n of_o rywalhon_n ap_fw-mi coffin_n two_o son_n gruffydh_n and_o grono_n the_o latter_a of_o which_o be_v detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n thâ—â—_n the_o author_n of_o the_o win_n of_o the_o lordship_n of_o glamagan_n affirm_v that_o he_o be_v slay_v together_o with_o his_o father_n in_o this_o battle_n against_o the_o norman_n the_o norman_n have_v receive_v a_o sufficient_a reward_n from_o jestyn_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o service_n against_o prince_n rhys_n return_v to_o their_o ship_n in_o order_n to_o their_o voyage_n homeward_o but_o before_o they_o can_v loose_v anchor_n to_o sail_v off_o eineon_n recall_v they_o be_v ungrateful_o affront_v by_o jestyn_n who_o absolute_o refuse_v to_o make_v good_a to_o he_o the_o condition_n which_o they_o have_v agree_v upon_o before_o the_o norman_n be_v invite_v to_o wales_n upon_o this_o account_n eineon_n be_v so_o irreconcilable_o incense_v against_o jestyn_n that_o to_o be_v revenge_v upon_o he_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o sacrifice_v his_o native_a country_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v the_o norman_n concern_v the_o fatness_n and_o fertility_n of_o the_o country_n and_o how_o easy_o they_o may_v conquer_v and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o but_o he_o need_v not_o many_o argument_n to_o persuade_v a_o people_n that_o be_v willing_a of_o themselves_o
resolve_v to_o keep_v the_o passage_n or_o to_o die_v upon_o the_o spot_n the_o king_n find_v they_o so_o resolute_a desire_v they_o to_o go_v to_o meredith_n and_o propose_v to_o he_o a_o agreement_n of_o peace_n which_o he_o and_o his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n accept_v of_o and_o promise_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n 10000_o head_n of_o cattle_n in_o retribution_n for_o former_a offence_n and_o so_o king_n henry_n leave_v all_o thing_n in_o a_o peaceable_a and_o quiet_a posture_n in_o wales_n and_o appoint_v the_o lord_n fitz-warren_n warden_n or_o lieutenant_n of_o the_o march_n return_v to_o england_n but_o when_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n be_v remove_v out_o of_o the_o country_n the_o welsh_a can_v never_o forbear_v quarrel_v a.d._n 1120_o with_o each_o other_o for_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodore_n who_o have_v be_v now_o for_o some_o time_n quiet_a fall_v upon_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi sulhaern_n and_o for_o what_o reason_n not_o discover_v treacherous_o slay_v he_o but_o the_o next_o year_n a.d._n 1121_o there_o happen_v another_o occasion_n of_o disturbance_n and_o fall_v out_o among_o the_o welsh_a for_o eineon_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n die_v leave_v all_o his_o share_n of_o powy_n and_o merionyth_n to_o his_o brother_n meredith_n but_o his_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n think_v that_o these_o land_n more_o proper_o belong_v to_o he_o eject_v his_o nephew_n meredith_n to_o who_o his_o brother_n eineon_n have_v leave_v they_o and_o take_v possession_n of_o they_o himself_o and_o what_o augment_v these_o difference_n king_n henry_n set_v now_o at_o liberty_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n meredith_n nephew_n who_o have_v be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n detain_v in_o prison_n who_o come_v to_o his_o own_o country_n be_v in_o expectation_n to_o enjoy_v his_o estate_n which_o upon_o his_o be_v put_v in_o custody_n his_o relation_n have_v divide_v betwixt_o they_o of_o which_o the_o great_a share_n fall_v to_o his_o uncle_n meredith_n but_o when_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n be_v inform_v how_o that_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n contrary_a to_o all_o justice_n have_v take_v away_o by_o force_n the_o land_n of_o his_o nephew_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n he_o send_v his_o son_n cadwalhon_n and_o owen_n with_o a_o army_n into_o merionyth_n who_o conquer_a and_o bring_v to_o subjection_n all_o the_o country_n carry_v away_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o people_n and_o all_o the_o cattle_n to_o lhyn_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o son_n of_o cadwgan_n enter_v into_o the_o land_n of_o lhywarch_n ap_fw-mi trahaern_n and_o cruel_o waste_v and_o destroy_v it_o by_o reason_n that_o he_o have_v countenance_v the_o do_n of_o their_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n but_o these_o inward_a clashing_n and_o animosity_n concern_v estate_n and_o title_n be_v second_v by_o most_o unnatural_a bloodshed_n and_o unparalleled_a cruelty_n for_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n when_o he_o find_v that_o his_o nephew_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o that_o it_o a.d._n 1122_o be_v impracticable_a to_o keep_v merionyth_n from_o he_o he_o be_v resolve_v to_o practice_n that_o upon_o his_o nephew_n which_o he_o have_v fail_v to_o effect_v upon_o another_o and_o therefore_o lest_o his_o other_o nephew_n ithel_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n shall_v meet_v with_o the_o like_a help_n and_o encouragement_n to_o recover_v those_o land_n which_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n be_v take_v away_o from_o he_o of_o which_o his_o uncle_n actual_o enjoy_v a_o considerable_a share_n meredith_n think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o prevent_v all_o manner_n of_o dispute_n by_o send_v ithel_n out_o of_o the_o world_n which_o upon_o mature_a deliberation_n he_o treacherous_o effect_v nor_o be_v this_o the_o only_a murder_n commit_v at_o this_o time_n for_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n exceed_v he_o far_o and_o slay_v his_o three_o uncle_n grono_n riryd_n and_o meilyr_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n but_o which_o be_v most_o unnatural_a of_o all_o morgan_z ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n kill_v his_o brother_n meredith_n a_o crime_n most_o execrable_a though_o he_o do_v afterward_o repent_v of_o it_o a.d._n 1124_o not_o long_o after_o this_o gruffyth_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n by_o the_o false_a and_o invidious_a accusation_n of_o the_o norman_n be_v dispossess_v of_o all_o the_o land_n which_o king_n henry_n have_v former_o grant_v he_o and_o which_o he_o have_v for_o a_o considerable_a time_n peaceable_o enjoy_v and_o towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o same_o year_n die_v daniel_n ap_fw-mi sulgien_n bishop_n of_o s._n david_n and_o archdeacon_n of_o powy_n a_o man_n of_o extraordinary_a piety_n and_o learning_n and_o one_o who_o make_v it_o his_o continual_a employment_n to_o endeavour_v to_o work_v a_o reconciliation_n betwixt_o north-wales_n and_o powy_n which_o in_o his_o time_n be_v at_o perpetual_a variance_n and_o enmity_n with_o one_o another_o the_o next_o year_n die_v likewise_o a.d._n 1125_o gruffydh_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n and_o about_o the_o same_o time_n owen_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n have_v get_v into_o his_o hand_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n deliver_v he_o to_o pain_n fitz-john_n to_o be_v keep_v safe_a prisoner_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o bridgnorth_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v because_o meredith_n have_v slay_v meyric_n his_o cousin-german_a and_o very_o barbarous_o have_v pull_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o two_o more_o of_o his_o cousin_n the_o son_n of_o griffri_n this_o cruel_a and_o inhuman_a custom_n of_o pluck_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o such_o as_o they_o hate_v or_o fear_v be_v too_o frequent_o practise_v in_o wales_n for_o the_o a.d._n 1126_o follow_a year_n jevaf_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n serve_v two_o of_o his_o brethren_n after_o this_o unnatural_a manner_n and_o think_v that_o too_o little_a pass_v a_o sentence_n of_o perpetual_a banishment_n upon_o they_o a_o little_a after_o his_o brother_n lhewelyn_n ap_fw-mi owen_n slay_v jorwerth_n ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n but_o all_o this_o mischief_n practise_v by_o these_o two_o brother_n jevaf_a and_o lhewelyn_n turn_v at_o last_o upon_o themselves_o for_o their_o uncle_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethin_n being_n apprehensive_a that_o his_o two_o nephew_n be_v a_o considerable_a rub_n in_o his_o way_n and_o if_o they_o troop_v off_o that_o all_o their_o estate_n will_v of_o right_a fall_n to_o he_o slay_v jevaf_n outright_o and_o have_v pluck_v out_o lhewelyn_n eye_n castrate_v he_o for_o fear_v he_o shall_v beget_v any_o child_n to_o inherit_v his_o land_n after_o he_o these_o no_o doubt_n be_v implacable_a time_n when_o for_o the_o least_o offence_n nay_o sometime_o suspicion_n murder_n be_v so_o open_o and_o incorrigible_o commit_v which_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v attribute_v to_o this_o one_o principle_n that_o so_o many_o petty_a state_n have_v equal_a power_n and_o authority_n in_o their_o own_o territory_n and_o be_v subject_a to_o none_o but_o the_o king_n of_o england_n still_o endeavour_v to_o outvie_v and_o overtop_n each_o other_o and_o so_o nearness_n of_o relation_n give_v way_n to_o ambition_n they_o never_o regard_v those_o of_o the_o same_o blood_n so_o that_o themselves_o may_v add_v to_o their_o strength_n and_o increase_v their_o estate_n by_o their_o fall_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n meyric_n slay_v lhywarch_n and_o his_o son_n madawc_n his_o own_o cousin_n but_o before_o he_o can_v make_v any_o advantage_n of_o their_o death_n he_o be_v himself_o serve_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o the_o only_a person_n who_o afterward_o repent_v of_o such_o a_o foul_a crime_n be_v morgan_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n who_o be_v severe_o trouble_v in_o mind_n for_o the_o murder_n he_o have_v late_o commit_v upon_o his_o brother_n meredith_n take_v a_o journey_n to_o jerusalem_n to_o expiate_v for_o his_o crime_n and_o in_o his_o return_n from_o thence_o dye_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o cyprus_n but_o this_o treacherous_a way_n of_o private_a murder_v those_o by_o who_o they_o be_v offend_v can_v not_o be_v forget_v among_o the_o welsh_a for_o eineon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n a.d._n 1129_o calling_n to_o mind_n how_o that_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n have_v base_o slay_v three_o of_o his_o brother_n and_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o his_o be_v at_o nanhewdwy_n assist_v by_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi grono_n ap_fw-mi edwin_n set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n that_o great_a usurper_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n ap_fw-mi confyn_n who_o by_o most_o unnatural_a and_o most_o hellish_a practice_n have_v get_v the_o land_n of_o all_o his_o brother_n and_o nephew_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v become_v a_o man_n of_o the_o great_a strength_n and_o sway_n in_o powy_n dye_v of_o a_o severe_a fit_a of_o sickness_n which_o reduce_v he_o to_o that_o
each_o other_o but_o a.d._n 1142_o short_o after_o this_o a_o irreconcilable_a difference_n fall_v out_o betwixt_o anarawd_n son_n to_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n and_o his_o father_n in_o law_n cadwallader_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n and_o brother_n to_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n which_o from_o word_n quick_o proceed_v to_o blow_n in_o this_o scuffle_n anarawd_n be_v unhappy_o slay_v which_o so_o exasperate_v prince_n owen_n against_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n that_o together_o with_o his_o son_n howel_n he_o march_v with_o a_o army_n into_o his_o brother_n country_n and_o after_o a_o considerable_a waste_n and_o destruction_n burn_v to_o the_o ground_n the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n cadwallader_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o prince_n owen_n approach_n withdraw_v himself_o and_o flee_v to_o ireland_n where_o have_v hire_v a_o great_a number_n of_o irish_a and_o scots_a for_o two_o thousand_o mark_n under_o the_o command_n of_o octer_n and_o the_o son_n of_o turkel_n and_o cherulf_n he_o strike_v sail_n for_o wales_n and_o land_v at_o abermenay_n in_o carnarvonshire_n the_o prince_n to_o protract_v no_o time_n march_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o prevent_v their_o far_a progress_n into_o the_o country_n and_o both_o army_n be_v come_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o a_o peace_n be_v happy_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o two_o brother_n the_o irish_a understanding_n this_o and_o how_o that_o their_o come_n over_o be_v like_a to_o prove_v but_o a_o fool_n be_v errant_a to_o they_o they_o surprise_v and_o secure_v cadwallader_n till_o their_o wage_n and_o arrear_n be_v pay_v who_o to_o obtain_v his_o liberty_n deliver_v to_o they_o two_o thousand_o head_n of_o cattle_n beside_o many_o prisoner_n and_o other_o booty_n which_o they_o have_v take_v in_o the_o country_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n be_v inform_v that_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n be_v set_v loose_a without_o any_o far_a demur_n upon_o the_o case_n he_o fall_v in_o upon_o the_o irish_a and_o have_v slay_v a_o very_a considerable_a number_n of_o they_o recover_v all_o the_o booty_n they_o purpose_v to_o ship_v off_o and_o force_v as_o many_o as_o can_v escape_v to_o return_v with_o great_a loss_n and_o a_o great_a shame_n back_o to_o ireland_n but_o the_o norman_n speed_v far_o better_a in_o wales_n hugh_n son_n to_o radulph_n earl_n of_o chester_n have_v fortify_v his_o castle_n of_o cymaron_n set_v upon_o and_o win_v the_o country_n of_o melienyth_n a_o second_o time_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o clun_n be_v fortify_v by_o another_o lord_n all_o eluel_n become_v subject_a to_o the_o norman_n the_o same_o time_n king_n stephen_n take_v geoffrey_n mandeville_n prisoner_n at_o s._n alban_n where_o the_o earl_n of_o arundel_n by_o the_o slip_n of_o his_o horse_n be_v like_a to_o be_v drown_v in_o the_o river_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o mandeville_n to_o obtain_v his_o liberty_n deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n the_o tower_n of_o london_n with_o the_o castle_n of_o walden_n and_o plassey_n which_o reduce_v he_o to_o that_o condition_n that_o he_o be_v force_v to_o live_v upon_o the_o plunder_n and_o spoil_n of_o abbey_n and_o other_o religious_a house_n till_o at_o length_n he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o skirmish_n against_o the_o king_n and_o his_o son_n banish_v the_o kingdom_n the_o next_o year_n a_o skirmish_n happen_v betwixt_o hugh_n a.d._n 1144_o de_fw-fr mortimer_n and_o rhys_n ap_fw-mi howel_n wherein_o the_o latter_a be_v take_v prisoner_n with_o many_o other_o of_o his_o accomplice_n who_o be_v all_o commit_v to_o prison_n by_o the_o english_a but_o it_o fare_v much_o better_o with_o howel_n and_o conan_n the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n who_o have_v raise_v a_o army_n against_o the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n gain_v a_o considerable_a victory_n at_o aberteifi_n and_o have_v place_v a_o garrison_n in_o the_o town_n return_v home_o with_o great_a honour_n and_o much_o booty_n about_o the_o same_o time_n sulien_n ap_fw-mi rhythmarch_n one_o of_o the_o college_n of_o lhanbadarn_n and_o a_o person_n of_o great_a read_n and_o extensive_a learning_n depart_v this_o life_n short_o after_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n come_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o force_n to_o dyfed_a and_o build_v the_o castle_n of_o caermardhyn_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o the_o son_n of_o vchtryd_v hugh_n mortimer_n a.d._n 1145_o likewise_o slay_v meyric_n ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi riryd_n ap_fw-mi bleddu_n and_o meredic_n ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n and_o so_o far_o it_o go_v of_o the_o side_n of_o the_o english_a but_o now_o the_o welsh_a begin_v to_o gain_v ground_n cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south_n wales_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o dynefowr_n belong_v to_o earl_n gilbert_n which_o be_v surrender_v up_o cadelh_n assist_v by_o his_o brethren_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n bring_v his_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o caermardhyn_n which_o after_o a_o short_a siege_n yield_v in_o like_a manner_n reserve_v only_o this_o one_o condition_n that_o the_o garrison_n shall_v not_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v to_o lhanstephan_n and_o set_v before_o the_o castle_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o which_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n come_v with_o their_o force_n be_v shameful_o vanquish_v and_o overcome_v and_o so_o the_o castle_n be_v easy_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o welsh_a but_o the_o norman_n be_v so_o cruel_o nettle_v at_o this_o that_o they_o muster_v up_o all_o the_o force_n they_o can_v possible_o draw_v together_o out_o of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n and_o unexpected_o surround_v the_o castle_n intend_v by_o all_o possible_a mean_n to_o recover_v the_o same_o but_o the_o governor_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi a_o man_n of_o great_a year_n and_o no_o less_o experience_n so_o animate_v and_o encourage_v the_o besiege_v that_o when_o the_o norman_n and_o fleming_n venture_v to_o scale_v the_o wall_n they_o be_v bear_v back_o with_o such_o vigour_n and_o loss_n of_o their_o side_n that_o at_o length_n they_o be_v compel_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o leave_v the_o welsh_a in_o possession_n of_o the_o castle_n short_o after_o this_o run_v the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n of_o north-wales_n a_o youth_n of_o excellent_a hope_n and_o incomparable_a qualification_n dye_v who_o death_n his_o father_n take_v so_o much_o to_o heart_n that_o for_o some_o time_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v past_o all_o comfort_n be_v fall_v into_o such_o a_o melancholy_a disposition_n that_o he_o be_v divert_v with_o nothing_o but_o retirement_n but_o a_o accident_n fall_v out_o which_o rouse_v he_o out_o of_o this_o lethargical_a fit_a of_o sorrow_n and_o discontent_n the_o castle_n of_o mould_n be_v so_o very_o strong_a and_o well_o garrison_v by_o the_o english_a that_o it_o mighty_o annoy_v the_o country_n thereabouts_o and_o have_v be_v frequent_o besiege_v but_o can_v never_o be_v take_v prince_n owen_n at_o this_o time_n levy_v a_o army_n and_o lay_v close_a siege_n to_o it_o and_o the_o garrison_n for_o several_a assault_n behave_v itself_o so_o manful_o that_o the_o place_n seem_v impregnable_a and_o invincible_a but_o the_o presence_n and_o example_n of_o prince_n owen_n so_o encourage_v his_o man_n that_o they_o fall_v on_o with_o all_o possible_a vigour_n and_o may_v and_o at_o last_o force_v their_o entrance_n into_o the_o castle_n have_v put_v a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o take_v the_o rest_n prisoner_n the_o castle_n be_v raze_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o this_o fortunate_a attempt_n so_o please_v the_o prince_n that_o he_o forget_v all_o sorrow_n for_o his_o son_n and_o return_v to_o his_o usual_a temper_n and_o accustom_a merriment_n at_o the_o same_o time_n king_n stephen_n of_o england_n obtain_v a_o remarkable_a victory_n over_o his_o enemy_n at_o farendon_n and_o although_o the_o ensue_a year_n rondel_n earl_n of_o chester_n and_o he_o be_v reconcile_v yet_o he_o think_v it_o more_o adviseable_a to_o detain_v he_o prisoner_n though_o contrary_a to_o his_o promise_n until_o such_o time_n as_o the_o earl_n will_v deliver_v up_o the_o castle_n of_o lincoln_n with_o all_o the_o fort_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n in_o his_o custody_n a.d._n 1146_o the_o next_o year_n cadelh_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n ap_fw-mi theodor_n bring_v a_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o gwys_n but_o find_v themselves_o too_o weak_a to_o master_v it_o they_o desire_v howel_n son_n to_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n a_o person_n famous_o remarkable_a for_o martial_a endowment_n to_o come_v to_o their_o assistance_n howel_n who_o be_v ever_o very_o desirous_a to_o signalise_v himself_o and_o to_o evidence_n his_o valour_n to_o the_o world_n ready_o consent_v to_o their_o request_n and_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o march_v direct_o towards_o
know_v deprive_v of_o his_o estate_n and_o banish_v the_o country_n also_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n who_o malign_v the_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n who_o own_a subjection_n to_o no_o other_o than_o the_o king_n of_o england_n whereas_o those_o of_o powis_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n do_v joint_o consent_v to_o this_o invitation_n the_o king_n of_o england_n accept_v of_o their_o proposal_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o west-chester_n and_o encamp_v upon_o the_o marsh_n call_v saltney_n in_o welsh_a morfa-caer-lleon_a prince_n owen_n all_o this_o while_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o this_o intend_a invasion_n and_o therefore_o have_v make_v all_o possible_a preparation_n to_o confront_v the_o enemy_n he_o march_v his_o army_n to_o the_o frontier_n of_o england_n and_o encamp_v at_o basingwerk_n resolve_v to_o give_v the_o english_a battle_n king_n henry_n understanding_n of_o the_o prince_n resolution_n detach_v some_o of_o the_o chief_a troop_n out_o of_o the_o main-body_n under_o the_o command_n of_o several_a earl_n and_o other_o lord_n and_o send_v they_o towards_o the_o prince_n camp_n but_o after_o they_o have_v advance_v some_o little_a way_n and_o be_v pass_v through_o a_o wood_n call_v coed-eulo_a david_n and_o conan_n prince_n owen_n son_n unexpected_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o what_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o suddeness_n of_o the_o action_n the_o english_a be_v bear_v down_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n and_o those_o who_o survive_v narrow_o escape_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n this_o be_v a_o very_a unwelcome_a beginning_n to_o king_n henry_n but_o however_o in_o order_n to_o prosper_v better_a hereafter_o he_o think_v it_o advisable_v to_o decamp_v from_o saltney_n and_o to_o rank_v his_o troop_n along_o the_o sea-coast_n think_v thereby_o to_o get_v betwixt_o prince_n owen_n and_o his_o country_n which_o if_o he_o can_v effect_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o reduce_v the_o welsh_a to_o a_o very_a great_a inconveniency_n but_o the_o prince_n foresee_v the_o danger_n of_o this_o retire_v with_o his_o army_n to_o a_o place_n call_v cîl_a owen_n that_o be_v owen_n retreat_n which_o when_o king_n henry_n perceive_v he_o let_v fall_v his_o design_n 5._o lib._n 2._o cap._n 5._o and_o come_v to_o ruthlan_n w._n parnus_n write_v that_o in_o this_o expedition_n against_o the_o welsh_a king_n henry_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n in_o pass_v through_o a_o strait_a at_o counsylth_n near_o flint_n where_o henry_n earl_n of_o essex_n who_o by_o inheritance_n enjoy_v the_o office_n of_o bear_v the_o standard_n of_o england_n be_v overcharge_v by_o the_o enemy_n cast_v down_o the_o same_o and_o flee_v this_o accident_n so_o encourage_v the_o welsh_a that_o they_o bear_v on_o so_o violent_o that_o the_o king_n himself_o narrow_o escape_v have_v of_o his_o party_n eustace_n fitz-john_n and_o rob._n curcie_o two_o valiant_a knight_n together_z with_o several_z other_o of_o his_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n slay_v in_o the_o action_n after_o this_o prince_n owen_n decamp_v from_o cîl_n owen_n and_o entrench_v himself_o upon_o bryn_n y_fw-fr pin_n where_o little_a of_o moment_n pass_v betwixt_o the_o two_o army_n only_o some_o slight_a skirmish_n happen_v frequent_o king_n henry_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o during_o his_o stay_n there_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powis_n sail_v with_o the_o english_a fleet_n to_o anglesey_n and_o have_v put_v some_o man_n on_o shore_n they_o burn_v two_o church_n and_o ravage_v part_n of_o the_o country_n about_o but_o they_o pay_v very_o dear_a for_o it_o for_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o island_n be_v meet_v together_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o return_n to_o their_o ship_n and_o cut_v they_o off_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o not_o one_o remain_v to_o bring_v tiding_n to_o the_o fleet_n of_o what_o have_v befall_v they_o but_o they_o on_o board_n quick_o perceive_v what_o have_v happen_v and_o therefore_o think_v it_o not_o very_o safe_a harbour_v upon_o that_o coast_n but_o judge_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o weigh_v anchor_n they_o present_o set_v sail_n for_o chester_n when_o they_o be_v arrive_v thither_o they_o find_v that_o a_o peace_n be_v actual_o conclude_v betwixt_o king_n henry_n and_o prince_n owen_n upon_o these_o article_n that_o cadwallader_n shall_v have_v all_o his_o land_n restore_v to_o he_o and_o he_o receive_v to_o the_o favour_n and_o friendship_n of_o his_o brother_n then_o king_n henry_n leave_v the_o castle_n of_o ruthlan_n and_o basingwerk_n well_o man_v and_o fortify_v and_o have_v near_o the_o latter_a found_v a_o public_a structure_n for_o the_o order_n of_o knight_n templar_n return_v to_o england_n but_o the_o trouble_n of_o wales_n do_v not_o end_v with_o he_o for_o jorwerdh_n goch_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n who_o have_v take_v part_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n during_o this_o war_n lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o yale_n which_o be_v build_v by_o prince_n owen_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o next_o year_n commence_v with_o a_o very_a unfortunate_a a.d._n 1157_o action_n ifor_n ap_fw-mi meyric_n have_v long_o before_o cast_v a_o very_a wishful_a eye_n upon_o the_o land_n and_o estate_n of_o morgan_n ab_fw-la owen_n be_v now_o resolve_v to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v before_o contrive_v and_o as_o covetousness_n seldom_o bear_v any_o regard_n to_o virtue_n or_o honour_n he_o treacherous_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o and_o with_o he_o fell_a gurgan_n ap_fw-mi rhys_n the_o most_o famous_a british_a poet_n of_o his_o time_n morgan_n estate_n ifor_n bestow_v upon_o his_o brother_n jorwerth_n who_o about_o the_o same_o time_n get_v also_o possession_n of_o the_o town_n of_o caerlheon_a but_o these_o inward_a and_o home-bread_n disturbance_n be_v quick_o mitigate_v by_o a_o general_a peace_n which_o be_v present_o after_o this_o conclude_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n and_o lord_n of_o wales_n rhys_n ab_fw-la gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n only_o except_v for_o this_o prince_n rhys_n who_o probable_o will_v not_o rely_v too_o far_o upon_o the_o king_n of_o england_n fidelity_n refuse_v to_o consent_n to_o a_o peace_n but_o however_o to_o secure_v himself_o the_o best_a he_o can_v from_o the_o english_a who_o he_o have_v no_o small_a reason_n to_o be_v afraid_a of_o he_o think_v it_o his_o best_a prudence_n to_o issue_n out_o his_o order_n command_v his_o subject_n to_o remove_v their_o cattle_n and_o other_o effect_n to_o the_o wilderness_n of_o tywy_n where_o they_o be_v like_a to_o remain_v secure_a from_o the_o eye_n and_o reach_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o he_o have_v not_o continue_v there_o long_o when_o he_o receive_v a_o more_o positive_a express_v from_o king_n henry_n command_v he_o to_o appear_v forthwith_o at_o his_o court_n and_o to_o accept_v of_o the_o proposal_n of_o peace_n before_o the_o joint_a force_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n be_v send_v to_o fetch_v he_o up_o prince_n rhys_n have_v receive_v such_o a_o threaten_a message_n think_v it_o now_o high_a time_n to_o repent_v of_o what_o he_o have_v afore_o so_o rash_o resolve_v upon_o and_o therefore_o after_o long_a consultation_n he_o judge_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o accept_v of_o the_o king_n proposal_n and_o to_o appear_v at_o court_n there_o it_o be_v agree_v upon_o that_o rhys_n who_o land_n heretofore_o lay_v scatter_v about_o and_o be_v intermix_v with_o other_o person_n be_v estate_n shall_v enjoy_v cantref_o mawr_z and_o any_o other_o cantref_o which_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v please_v to_o bestow_v upon_o he_o but_o contrary_a to_o this_o article_n the_o king_n assign_v he_o several_a lordship_n and_o other_o land_n far_o remote_a from_o each_o other_o and_o particular_o intermix_v they_o with_o the_o estate_n of_o englishman_n who_o he_o be_v sure_a will_v be_v a_o watch_n and_o a_o curb_n to_o all_o the_o motion_n of_o prince_n rhys_n this_o be_v indeed_o a_o very_a politic_a contrivance_n or_o king_n henry_n to_o keep_v under_o the_o high_a and_o restless_a spirit_n of_o rhys_n but_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o action_n do_v not_o so_o evident_o appear_v in_o break_v one_o of_o the_o chief_a article_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o chap_a and_o bestow_v that_o which_o be_v not_o just_o in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v but_o it_o be_v manifest_o apparent_a that_o the_o english_a of_o these_o time_n be_v main_o concern_v right_a or_o wrong_n to_o oppress_v and_o keep_v under_o the_o welsh_a of_o who_o mortal_a hatred_n to_o subjection_n they_o have_v so_o frequent_o and_o so_o cruel_o feel_v prince_n rhys_n be_v not_o at_o all_o ignorant_a of_o these_o
as_o much_o as_o in_o he_o lay_v oppose_v send_v he_o to_o the_o king_n officer_n to_o be_v imprison_v at_o winchester_n from_o whence_o he_o quick_o find_v a_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o brethren_n he_o return_v home_o to_o his_o country_n king_n henry_n continue_v all_o this_o while_n in_o normandy_n and_o during_o his_o stay_n there_o a_o match_n be_v conclude_v upon_o betwixt_o his_o son_n henry_n and_o margaret_n daughter_n to_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n but_o this_o new_a alliance_n can_v not_o prevent_v these_o two_o monarch_n from_o a.d._n 1160_o fall_v at_o variance_n with_o each_o other_o which_o happen_v the_o year_n follow_v and_o thereupon_o king_n henry_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o gascoigne_n to_o quell_v certain_a rebel_n who_o upon_o first_o notice_n of_o this_o breach_n between_o both_o king_n be_v up_o in_o arm_n against_o the_o english_a but_o the_o next_o year_n a_o peace_n be_v again_o conclude_v and_o so_o all_o thing_n return_v to_o their_o former_a state_n of_o a.d._n 1161_o amity_n and_o quietness_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o in_o wales_n for_o howel_n the_o son_n of_o jevaf_n ap_fw-mi cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi athlestlan_n glodryth_n have_v get_v to_o his_o hand_n the_o castle_n of_o walwern_n in_o cyfeilioc_n raze_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n which_o so_o incense_v prince_n owen_n who_o be_v owner_n of_o it_o that_o nothing_o can_v lay_v his_o fury_n till_o he_o have_v draw_v his_o force_n together_o and_o make_v a_o incursion_n into_o lhandhinam_n in_o arust_o howel_n country_n which_o he_o cruel_o harrass_v and_o carry_v away_o considerable_a booty_n the_o people_n of_o the_o country_n perceive_v these_o devastation_n of_o the_o north-wales_n man_n come_v together_o to_o the_o number_n of_o 300_o man_n offer_v their_o service_n to_o their_o natural_a lord_n howel_n ap_fw-mi jefaf_fw-mi who_o upon_o this_o addition_n of_o strength_n follow_v the_o enemy_n to_o the_o bank_n of_o severn_n where_o they_o be_v encamp_v prince_n owen_n find_v they_o to_o march_v after_o he_o be_v glad_a of_o the_o opportunity_n to_o be_v further_o revenge_v upon_o howel_n and_o so_o turn_v sudden_o upon_o they_o he_o slay_v about_o two_o hundred_o man_n the_o rest_n narrow_o escape_v with_o howel_n to_o the_o wood_n and_o rock_n owen_n be_v more_o joyful_a for_o the_o revenge_n he_o have_v take_v of_o howel_n than_o for_o any_o victory_n he_o have_v gain_v rebuilt_a walwern_n castle_n and_o have_v well_o fortify_v and_o man_v it_o return_v home_o to_o north-wales_n a.d._n 1162_o the_o year_n follow_v the_o like_a thing_n happen_v owen_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n common_o call_v owen_n cyfeilioc_n o_o wynedh_n together_o with_o owen_n ap_fw-mi madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n and_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi howel_n set_v upon_o carrechofa_n castle_n near_o oswestry_n and_o have_v overpower_a the_o garrison_n commit_v great_a waste_n and_o destruction_n therein_o but_o about_o the_o same_o time_n a_o pleasant_a passage_n happen_v in_o england_n robert_n mountford_n and_o henry_n de_fw-fr essex_n who_o have_v both_o fight_v against_o the_o welsh_a upon_o the_o march_n and_o both_o run_v begin_v now_o to_o impeach_v each_o other_o as_o be_v the_o first_o occasion_n of_o fly_v the_o dispute_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o combat_n in_o which_o be_v engage_v henry_n be_v overcome_v and_o for_o his_o false_a accuse_v of_o robert_n he_o be_v sentence_v to_o have_v his_o estate_n forfeit_v and_o then_o have_v his_o crown_n shear_v he_o be_v enter_v a_o monk_n at_o redding_n within_o a_o little_a after_o king_n henry_n calling_z to_o mind_n what_o prince_n rhys_n have_v commit_v during_o his_o absence_n out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n draw_v up_o a_o great_a army_n against_o south-wales_n and_o have_v march_v as_o far_o as_o pencadyr_n near_o brecknock_n rhys_n meet_v he_o and_o do_v his_o homage_n and_o have_v deliver_v up_o hostage_n for_o his_o future_a behaviour_n stop_v the_o king_n far_a progress_n so_o that_o thence_o he_o return_v to_o england_n but_o after_o the_o king_n departure_n two_o very_a unlucky_a accident_n happen_v in_o wales_n eineon_n the_o son_n of_o anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi nephew_n to_o prince_n rhys_n be_v villainous_o murder_v in_o his_o bed_n by_o his_o own_o servant_n called_z walter_z ap_fw-mi lhywarch_n as_o also_o cadwgan_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n in_o like_a manner_n by_o one_o walter_z ap_fw-mi riccart_n but_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o nephew_n prince_n rhys_n make_v up_o by_o possess_v himself_o of_o that_o large_a country_n call_v cantref_o maâ—r_a and_o the_o land_n of_o dynefowr_n which_o he_o afterward_o enjoy_v of_o man_n of_o learning_n there_o die_v this_o year_n cadifor_n ap_fw-mi daniel_n archdeacon_n of_o cardigan_n and_o henry_n ap_fw-mi arthen_n the_o great_a scholar_n that_o have_v flourish_v in_o wales_n for_o many_o year_n the_o next_o year_n a_o total_a rupture_n break_v forth_o betwixt_o a.d._n 1163_o the_o english_a and_o welsh_a prince_n rhys_n a_o man_n of_o a_o active_a and_o uncontrollable_a spirit_n be_v now_o experimental_o sensible_a he_o can_v never_o carry_v on_o the_o greatness_n and_o grandeur_n of_o his_o quality_n with_o such_o land_n as_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v allot_v he_o make_v a_o invasion_n into_o the_o lordship_n of_o roger_n de_fw-fr acre_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n be_v move_v thereto_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o nephew_n anarawd_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi be_v murder_v by_o his_o motive_n and_o instigation_n be_v advance_v with_o a_o strong_a army_n into_o the_o earl_n of_o glocester_n estate_n without_o any_o great_a opposition_n he_o take_v aberheidol_n castle_n with_o those_o belong_v to_o the_o son_n of_o wyhyaon_n all_o which_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n thence_o he_o march_v to_o cardigan_n bring_v all_o that_o country_n under_o his_o subjection_n and_o from_o thence_o he_o march_v against_o the_o fleming_n who_o country_n he_o cruel_o harass_v with_o fire_n and_o sword_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o estate_n of_o wales_n perceive_v prince_n rhys_n to_o prosper_v so_o successful_o against_o the_o english_a think_v they_o may_v equal_o succeed_v and_o shake_v off_o the_o english_a yoke_n which_o so_o unreasonable_o oppress_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o unanimous_o agree_v to_o cast_v off_o their_o subjection_n to_o the_o english_a who_o tyranny_n they_o can_v no_o long_o bear_v and_o to_o put_v over_o they_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n who_o superiority_n they_o can_v better_o tolerate_v and_o so_o this_o year_n conclude_v with_o make_v suitable_a preparation_n for_o the_o follow_a campaign_n a.d._n 1164_o and_o therefore_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o time_n of_o year_n for_o action_n be_v advance_v david_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n fall_v upon_o flintshire_n which_o pertain_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o carry_v off_o all_o the_o people_n and_o cattle_n with_o he_o bring_v they_o to_o dyffryn_n clwyd_n otherwise_o ruthyn_n land_n king_n henry_n understand_v this_o gather_v together_o his_o force_n and_o with_o all_o speed_n march_v to_o defend_v both_o his_o subject_n and_o town_n from_o the_o incursion_n and_o depredation_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v come_v to_o ruthlan_n and_o encamp_v there_o three_o day_n he_o quick_o perceive_v he_o can_v do_v no_o great_a matter_n by_o reason_n that_o his_o army_n be_v not_o sufficient_o numerous_a and_o therefore_o he_o think_v it_o more_o advisable_a to_o return_v back_o to_o england_n and_o to_o augment_v his_o force_n before_o he_o shall_v attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o welsh_a and_o according_o he_o levy_v the_o most_o choose_a man_n throughout_o all_o his_o dominion_n of_o england_n normandy_n anjou_n gascoin_n and_o gwien_n beside_o those_o succour_n from_o flanders_n and_o britain_n and_o then_o set_v forward_o for_o north-wales_n purpose_v to_o destroy_v without_o mercy_n every_o live_a thing_n he_o can_v possible_o meet_v with_o and_o be_v advance_v as_o far_o as_o croes-oswalt_n call_v oswestry_n he_o encamp_v there_o on_o the_o other_o side_n prince_z owen_z and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n with_o all_o the_o strength_n of_o north-wales_n prince_n rhys_n with_o those_o of_o south-wales_n owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n with_o all_o the_o power_n of_o powy_n the_o two_o son_n of_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi ednerth_n with_o the_o people_n live_v betwixt_o the_o river_n of_o severn_n and_o wye_n meet_v together_o and_o pitch_v their_o camp_n at_o corwen_n in_o edeyrneon_n intend_v unanimous_o to_o defend_v their_o country_n against_o the_o king_n of_o england_n king_n henry_n understanding_n that_o they_o be_v so_o near_o be_v very_o desirous_a to_o come_v to_o battle_n and_o to_o that_o end_n he_o remove_v to_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n ceireoc_n cause_v all_o the_o wood_n thereabouts_o to_o be_v cut_v down_o for_o fear_v of_o any_o ambushment_n lurk_v therein_o and_o for_o a_o more_o clear_a prospect_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o some_o of_o the_o welsh_a take_v advantage_n of_o this_o opportunity_n who_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o passage_n without_o the_o knowledge_n of_o their_o officer_n fall_v upon_o the_o king_n guard_n
where_o all_o the_o pike-man_n be_v post_v and_o after_o a_o hot_a skirmish_n several_z be_v slay_v on_o both_o side_n but_o in_o fine_a the_o king_n win_v the_o passage_n and_o so_o march_v on_o to_o the_o mountain_n of_o berwyn_n where_o he_o lie_v sometime_o without_o any_o hostility_n on_o either_o side_n both_o army_n stand_v in_o fear_n of_o each_o other_o the_o english_a keep_v the_o open_a plain_n and_o be_v afraid_a to_o be_v entrap_v in_o the_o strait_n and_o narrow_a passage_n and_o the_o welsh_a on_o the_o other_o hand_n watch_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o place_n and_o observe_v the_o english_a so_o narrow_o that_o neither_o forage_v or_o victual_n can_v pass_v to_o the_o king_n camp_n and_o what_o augment_v the_o misery_n of_o the_o english_a army_n there_o happen_v to_o fall_v such_o a_o rain_n that_o mighty_o disturb_v their_o encampment_n in_o so_o much_o that_o the_o soldier_n can_v scarce_o stand_v for_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o those_o slippery_a hill_n but_o in_o the_o end_n king_n henry_n be_v force_v to_o decamp_v and_o after_o a_o very_a considerable_a loss_n of_o man_n and_o ammunition_n beside_o the_o great_a charge_n of_o this_o expedition_n be_v compel_v to_o return_v back_o to_o england_n but_o to_o express_v the_o great_a dissatisfaction_n he_o entertain_v of_o this_o enterprise_n in_o a_o great_a fury_n he_o pluck_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o hostage_n which_o he_o have_v some_o time_n afore_o receive_v from_o the_o welsh_a which_o be_v rhys_n and_o cadwalhon_n the_o son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n and_o cynric_n and_o meredith_n the_o son_n of_o rhys_n of_o south-wales_n some_o write_v that_o in_o assail_a of_o a_o bridge_n the_o king_n be_v in_o no_o small_a danger_n of_o his_o life_n one_o of_o the_o welsh_a have_v aim_v direct_o at_o he_o be_v like_a to_o pierce_v he_o through_o the_o body_n have_v not_o hubert_n de_fw-fr clare_n constable_n of_o colchester_n who_o perceive_v the_o arrow_n a_o come_n thrust_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o king_n and_o it_o though_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o life_n but_o though_o king_n henry_n be_v shameful_o force_v to_o return_v to_o england_n yet_o he_o do_v not_o give_v over_o the_o thought_n of_o subdue_a the_o welsh_a and_o therefore_o after_o a_o long_a consultation_n he_o make_v a_o three_o expedition_n into_o wales_n convey_v his_o army_n by_o sea_n as_o far_o as_o chester_n there_o he_o stay_v for_o some_o time_n till_o all_o his_o fleet_n as_o well_o those_o ship_n that_o he_o have_v hire_v out_o of_o ireland_n as_o his_o own_o be_v all_o arrive_v but_o when_o they_o be_v all_o come_v together_o and_o get_v safe_o to_o chester_n his_o mind_n be_v alter_v and_o instead_o of_o a_o design_n against_o wales_n he_o unexpected_o dismiss_v his_o whole_a army_n prince_n rhys_n be_v glad_a of_o this_o opportunity_n and_o therefore_o withdraw_a his_o force_n from_o the_o confederate_a army_n he_o march_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o aberteifi_n castle_n which_o be_v surrender_v to_o he_o he_o raze_v to_o the_o ground_n from_o thence_o he_o get_v before_o cilgerran_n which_o he_o use_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o therein_o take_v prisoner_n robert_n the_o son_n of_o stephen_n his_o cousin-german_a who_o be_v the_o son_n of_o nest_n his_o aunt_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o gerald_n have_v marry_v stephen_n constable_n the_o joy_n of_o these_o happy_a success_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o welsh_a be_v somewhat_o cloud_v by_o the_o death_n of_o lhewelyn_n son_n of_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n a_o person_n of_o great_a worth_n and_o exceed_o well_o belove_v of_o all_o his_o country_n a.d._n 1165_o and_o now_o the_o welsh_a be_v something_o secure_a from_o any_o invasion_n from_o the_o english_a there_o rise_v up_o another_o enemy_n to_o create_v they_o disturbance_n the_o fleming_n and_o norman_n find_v the_o english_a to_o fail_v in_o their_o attempt_n against_o the_o welsh_a think_v they_o may_v with_o better_a success_n quell_v and_o subdue_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o come_v to_o west-wales_n with_o a_o great_a army_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o cilgerran_n which_o rhys_n have_v late_o fortify_v but_o after_o two_o different_a assault_n they_o be_v manful_o beat_v back_o and_o force_v to_o depart_v home_o again_o but_o what_o the_o fleming_n can_v not_o effect_v against_o the_o welsh_a in_o south-wales_n the_o welsh_a easy_o bring_v about_o against_o the_o english_a in_o north-wales_n for_o prince_n owen_n have_v besiege_v basingwerk_n castle_n then_o in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n without_o much_o time_n spend_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v always_o the_o misfortune_n of_o the_o welsh_a that_o when_o they_o find_v themselves_o secure_a from_o any_o enemy_n abroad_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o quarrel_v and_o fall_v out_o at_o home_n though_o indeed_o it_o can_v not_o be_v well_o otherwise_o expect_v where_o so_o many_o petty_a state_n endeavour_v still_o to_o surmount_v and_o outvie_v one_o another_o and_o now_o when_o all_o thing_n go_v very_o successful_o of_o their_o side_n in_o opposition_n to_o the_o english_a two_o ambitious_a person_n begin_v to_o kindle_v a_o flame_n in_o their_o own_o bosom_n owen_n cyfeilioc_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi maredith_n lord_n of_o powy_n and_o owen_n fychan_n second_o son_n to_o madawc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n forcible_o dispossess_v jorwerth_n goch_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o powy_n which_o they_o divide_v betwixt_o themselves_o mochnant_n vwch_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o mochnant_n be_v rayadr_n to_o owen_n fychan_n but_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n can_v not_o brook_v this_o injury_n do_v to_o jorwerth_n goch_n and_o therefore_o a.d._n 1166_o owen_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n with_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n and_o rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n go_v with_o a_o army_n into_o powy_n against_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n and_o have_v chase_v he_o out_o of_o the_o country_n they_o bestow_v caereneon_n upon_o owen_n fychan_n to_o hold_v it_o of_o prince_n owen_n and_o rhys_n have_v walwern_n by_o reason_n that_o it_o lay_v near_o his_o own_o territory_n but_o within_o a_o while_n after_o owen_n cyfeilioc_n return_v with_o a_o numerous_a band_n of_o norman_n and_o english_a along_o with_o he_o and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n of_o caereneon_n which_o he_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n but_o the_o loss_n of_o this_o place_n be_v make_v up_o by_o the_o take_n of_o ruthlan_n castle_n which_o owen_n rhys_n and_o cadwallader_n joint_o besiege_v and_o which_o be_v so_o strong_o fortify_v and_o so_o manful_o defend_v that_o it_o cost_v they_o three_o month_n before_o they_o can_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o place_n afterward_o they_o win_v the_o castle_n of_o prestatyn_n and_o reduce_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o tegengl_n subject_n to_o prince_n owen_n and_o then_o return_v home_o to_o their_o respective_a dominion_n and_o from_o henceforward_o nothing_o of_o moment_n be_v transact_v during_o the_o remainder_n of_o prince_n owen_n reign_n a.d._n 1167_o only_a his_o son_n conan_n most_o unmerciful_o slay_v vrgeney_n abbot_n of_o lhwythlawr_n together_o with_o his_o nephew_n lhawthen_n but_o a_o little_a after_o prince_n rhys_n of_o south-wales_n a.d._n 1168_o release_v out_o of_o prison_n his_o nephew_n robert_n son_n to_o stephen_n constable_n who_o as_o be_v say_v before_o he_o have_v take_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o calgarran_n castle_n and_o send_v he_o to_o ireland_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o dermot_n the_o son_n of_o murchart_n king_n of_o linster_n who_o be_v then_o in_o actual_a war_n with_o the_o king_n of_o leimster_n with_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n morris_n fitz-gerald_n and_o their_o nephew_n robert_n meyler_n and_o raymond_n go_v over_o a_o strong_a detachment_n of_o welshman_n under_o the_o command_n of_o richard_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o strigule_n who_o be_v the_o chief_a motive_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n when_o it_o be_v first_o bring_v in_o subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n a.d._n 1169_o but_o the_o next_o year_n owen_n gwynedh_n son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi conan_n prince_n of_o north-wales_n depart_v this_o life_n in_o the_o two_o and_o thirty_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o a_o valorous_a prince_n ever_o fortunate_a and_o victorious_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n insomuch_o as_o he_o never_o undertake_v any_o design_n but_o what_o he_o accomplish_v he_o have_v by_o different_a woman_n several_a issue_n who_o get_v themselves_o great_a esteem_n
get_v nothing_o by_o this_o for_o rhys_n fychan_n perceive_v what_o he_o will_v fain_o be_v at_o raâ—ed_v senghennyth_n castle_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n in_o his_o custody_n in_o that_o country_n and_o banish_v the_o english_a with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n divide_v the_o country_n betwixt_o a.d._n 1218_o the_o welsh_a who_o keep_v sure_a possession_n of_o it_o prince_n lhewelyn_n also_o find_v those_o to_o become_v his_o foe_n who_o have_v but_o late_o court_v his_o friendship_n and_o fear_v lest_o that_o the_o english_a be_v now_o in_o arm_n shall_v make_v any_o attempt_n upon_o his_o castle_n augment_v the_o garrison_n of_o carmardhyn_n and_o aberteifi_n to_o make_v they_o capable_a of_o withstand_v the_o english_a in_o case_n they_o shall_v come_v against_o they_o but_o though_o the_o welsh_a and_o english_a be_v at_o open_a variance_n and_o in_o actual_a hostility_n one_o against_o another_o yet_o young_a rhys_n with_o prince_n lhewelyn_n approbation_n and_o consent_n think_v it_o advisable_v to_o go_v and_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o his_o land_n in_o wales_n this_o may_v be_v think_v a_o matter_n of_o supererogation_n to_o make_v courtship_n to_o one_o who_o be_v declare_v enemy_n to_o all_o the_o welsh_a and_o one_o that_o will_v not_o in_o all_o probability_n suffer_v he_o to_o enjoy_v a_o quiet_a possession_n of_o his_o estate_n in_o case_n he_o have_v ability_n and_o opportunity_n to_o eject_v he_o but_o the_o welsh_a interest_n be_v a.d._n 1219_o in_o a_o great_a measure_n augment_v by_o a_o new_a alliance_n with_o some_o of_o the_o most_o powerful_a among_o the_o english_a rhys_n gryc_a prince_n rhy_n son_n be_v marry_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o clare_n daughter_n and_o marret_n prince_n lhewelyn_n daughter_n to_o john_n bruce_n the_o prince_n of_o wales_n have_v quick_o a_o occasion_n to_o a.d._n 1220_o experience_n his_o power_n for_o the_o fleming_n in_o dyfed_a who_o have_v late_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o he_o 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and_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o man_n slay_v after_o this_o nothing_o remarkable_a fall_v out_o for_o a_o considerable_a time_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o david_n be_v release_v out_o of_o prison_n by_o prince_n lhewelyn_n his_o brother_n most_o ungrateful_o forsake_v he_o and_o with_o all_o his_o might_n side_v with_o his_o enemy_n the_o english_a also_o gruffydh_n ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n have_v take_v the_o castle_n of_o mold_n demolish_v it_o to_o the_o ground_n during_o this_o quiet_a and_o unactive_a interval_n in_o wales_n meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n the_o main_a support_n and_o defender_n of_o south-wales_n die_v to_o the_o great_a disadvantage_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o that_o country_n and_o now_o indeed_o the_o welsh_a be_v like_a to_o be_v a.d._n 1268_o make_v sensible_a of_o the_o loss_n of_o so_o considerable_a a_o person_n for_o king_n henry_n be_v resolve_v once_o more_o to_o lead_v a_o army_n into_o wales_n and_o to_o see_v if_o he_o can_v have_v better_a 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proclaim_v king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v all_o haste_n to_o return_v to_o receive_v the_o solemnity_n of_o coronation_n but_o what_o by_o the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o journey_n and_o what_o by_o be_v honourable_o detain_v at_o prince_n court_n in_o his_o way_n it_o be_v two_o year_n before_o he_o can_v get_v into_o england_n then_o upon_o the_o 15_o of_o august_n and_o in_o the_o year_n 1274._o he_o be_v crown_v at_o westminster_n prince_n lhewelyn_n be_v summon_v to_o attend_v at_o his_o coronation_n but_o he_o flat_o refuse_v to_o appear_v unless_o upon_o sure_a term_n of_o safe_a conduct_n for_o have_v offend_v several_a of_o the_o english_a nobility_n he_o can_v not_o in_o safety_n pass_v through_o their_o country_n without_o the_o danger_n of_o expose_v his_o person_n to_o the_o inveterate_a malice_n and_o acceptable_a revenge_n of_o some_o of_o they_o and_o therefore_o without_o the_o king_n brother_n the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o robert_n burnell_n lord_n chief_a 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estate_n of_o certain_a baron_n of_o wales_n of_o which_o they_o and_o their_o ancestor_n have_v be_v immemorable_o possess_v of_o and_o detain_v a_o barony_n which_o by_o the_o form_n of_o peace_n shall_v have_v be_v deliver_v to_o we_o and_o moreover_o have_v hitherto_o entertain_v david_n ap_fw-mi gruffydh_fw-mi our_o brother_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi gwenwynwyn_n with_o several_a other_o of_o our_o enemy_n who_o be_v outlaw_n and_o fugitive_n of_o our_o country_n and_o though_o we_o have_v often_o exhibit_v our_o grievance_n and_o complaint_n against_o they_o for_o destroy_v and_o pillage_n our_o country_n yet_o we_o can_v never_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n any_o relief_n or_o redress_n for_o the_o several_a wrong_n and_o injury_n we_o receive_v at_o their_o hand_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n they_o still_o persist_v to_o commit_v waste_n and_o other_o outrage_n in_o our_o dominion_n and_o for_o all_o this_o he_o summons_v we_o to_o do_v he_o homage_n at_o a_o place_n which_o 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do_v not_o last_v long_o the_o english_a governor_n in_o the_o march_n and_o inland_n â—_z of_o wales_n presume_v upon_o the_o prince_n submission_n to_o the_o king_n grievous_o oppress_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n with_o new_a and_o unheard_a of_o 〈◊〉_d action_n and_o with_o intolerable_a partiality_n open_o encourage_v the_o english_a to_o defraud_v and_o oppress_v tâ—â—_n welch_n these_o insupportable_a practice_n move_v tâ—â—_n welch_n to_o go_v in_o a_o body_n to_o david_n lord_n of_o denbigâ—_n to_o endeavour_v a_o reconciliation_n between_o he_o and_o 〈◊〉_d brother_n the_o prince_n that_o they_o both_o be_v at_o unity_n may_v easy_o deliver_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n from_o the_o unmerciful_a tyranny_n of_o the_o english_a david_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o misery_n of_o his_o countryman_n a.d._n 1281_o and_o therefore_o glad_o submit_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o his_o brother_n with_o promise_n never_o to_o side_n again_o with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o to_o become_v his_o 〈◊〉_d enemy_n this_o happy_a union_n be_v thus_o effect_v david_n be_v choose_v general_n of_o the_o army_n with_o which_o he_o present_o march_v to_o hawarden_n and_o surprise_v the_o castle_n slay_v all_o that_o oppose_v he_o and_o take_v rogeâ—_n clifford_n prisoner_n who_o have_v be_v send_v by_o king_n edward_n justitiar_n into_o those_o part_n from_o thence_o be_v join_v by_o the_o prince_n he_o pass_v to_o ruthlan_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o the_o castle_n but_o upon_o notice_n give_v that_o the_o king_n be_v march_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n he_o think_v convenient_a to_o withdraw_v and_o to_o retire_v back_o at_o the_o same_o time_n rhys_n ap_fw-mi maelgon_n and_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n ap_fw-mi owen_n with_o other_o lord_n of_o south-wales_n take_v from_o the_o english_a the_o castle_n of_o aberystwyth_n with_o divers_a other_o in_o that_o country_n and_o spoil_v all_o the_o people_n thereabouts_o who_o own_a subjection_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n john_n peckham_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n perceive_v how_o matter_n be_v like_a to_o proceed_v between_o the_o king_n and_o the_o prince_n and_o how_o the_o kingdom_n be_v effectual_o involve_v in_o a_o war_n of_o his_o own_o proper_a motion_n come_v to_o prince_n lhewelyn_n to_o endeavour_v a_o re-submission_n from_o he_o and_o his_o brother_n david_n to_o king_n edward_n and_o so_o to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o any_o far_a hostility_n but_o he_o send_v beforehand_o to_o the_o prince_n and_o people_n of_o wales_n intimate_v to_o they_o that_o for_o the_o love_n he_o bear_v to_o the_o welsh_a nation_n he_o undertake_v this_o arbitration_n without_o the_o knowledge_n and_o contrary_a to_o the_o king_n be_v like_n and_o therefore_o earnest_o desire_v that_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o english_a which_o himself_o will_v endeavour_v to_o bring_v to_o pass_v and_o because_o he_o can_v make_v no_o long_a continuance_n in_o those_o part_n he_o wish_v they_o to_o consider_v how_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o depart_v before_o any_o thing_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o conclusion_n they_o can_v hardly_o find_v another_o who_o will_v so_o hearty_o espouse_v their_o cause_n and_o far_o threaten_v that_o in_o case_n they_o contemn_v and_o deride_v his_o endeavour_n he_o will_v not_o only_o instigate_v the_o english_a army_n now_o great_o strengthen_v and_o increase_v to_o fall_v upon_o they_o but_o also_o signify_v their_o stubbornness_n to_o the_o court_n and_o bishop_n of_o rome_n who_o esteem_v and_o honour_a england_n beyond_o any_o other_o kingdom_n in_o the_o world_n moreover_o he_o much_o lament_v to_o hear_v of_o the_o excessive_a cruelty_n of_o the_o welsh_a even_o beyond_o that_o of_o the_o saracen_n and_o other_o infidel_n who_o never_o refuse_v to_o permit_v slave_n and_o captive_n to_o be_v ransom_v which_o the_o welsh_a be_v so_o far_o from_o practise_v that_o even_o some_o time_n they_o slay_v those_o for_o who_o redemption_n they_o receive_v money_n and_o whereas_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o esteem_v and_o reverence_v holy_a and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n they_o be_v now_o so_o far_o degenerate_v from_o devotion_n and_o sanctity_n that_o nothing_o be_v more_o acceptable_a to_o they_o than_o war_n and_o sedition_n which_o they_o have_v now_o great_a need_n to_o forsake_v and_o repent_v of_o last_o he_o propose_v that_o they_o will_v signify_v to_o he_o wherein_z and_o what_o law_n and_o constitution_n of_o they_o be_v violate_v by_o the_o english_a and_o by_o what_o mean_v a_o firm_a and_o a_o last_a peace_n may_v be_v establish_v which_o if_o they_o reject_v they_o must_v expect_v to_o incur_v the_o decree_n and_o censure_n of_o the_o church_n as_o well_o as_o endure_v the_o violent_a inroad_n and_o depredation_n of_o a_o powerful_a army_n to_o these_o partly_o admonition_n and_o partly_o threaten_n of_o the_o archbishop_n prince_n lhewelyn_n return_v a_o answer_n that_o he_o humble_o thank_v his_o grace_n for_o the_o pain_n and_o trouble_v he_o undertake_v in_o his_o and_o his_o subject_n behalf_n and_o more_o particular_o because_o he_o will_v venture_v to_o come_v to_o wales_n contrary_a to_o the_o pleasure_n and_o good_a like_n of_o the_o king_n and_o as_o for_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o he_o he_o will_v not_o have_v his_o grace_n be_v ignorant_a that_o with_o all_o readiness_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o submit_v to_o it_o upon_o condition_n that_o the_o king_n will_v due_o and_o sincere_o observe_v the_o same_o and_o though_o he_o will_v be_v glad_a of_o his_o long_a a.d._n 1201_o continuance_n in_o wales_n yet_o he_o hope_v that_o no_o obstruction_n will_v happen_v of_o his_o side_n why_o a_o peace_n which_o of_o all_o thing_n he_o most_o desire_a may_v not_o be_v forthwith_o conclude_v and_o rather_o by_o his_o grace_n procure_v than_o any_o other_o so_o that_o there_o will_v be_v no_o far_o need_v of_o acquaint_v the_o pope_n with_o his_o obstinacy_n nor_o move_v the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o use_v any_o force_n against_o he_o and_o though_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v under_o the_o immediate_a protection_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n yet_o when_o his_o holiness_n come_v to_o understand_v of_o the_o great_a and_o unsufferable_a wrong_n do_v to_o he_o by_o the_o english_a how_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n be_v break_v church_n and_o all_o other_o religious_a house_n in_o wales_n be_v burn_v down_o and_o destroy_v and_o religious_a person_n unchristian_o murder_v he_o hope_v he_o will_v rather_o pity_v and_o lament_v his_o condition_n than_o with_o addition_n of_o punishment_n increase_v and_o augment_v his_o sorrow_n neither_o shall_v the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n be_v any_o wise_a disquiet_v and_o molest_v by_o his_o mean_n in_o case_n the_o peace_n be_v religious_o observe_v towards_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n but_o who_o they_o be_v that_o delight_n themselves_o with_o war_n and_o bloodshed_n manifest_o appear_v by_o their_o action_n and_o behaviour_n the_o weâ—ch_n be_v glad_a to_o live_v quiet_o upon_o their_o own_o if_o they_o may_v be_v permit_v by_o the_o english_a who_o come_v to_o the_o country_n utter_o destroy_v whatever_o come_v in_o their_o way_n without_o regard_n either_o to_o sex_n age_n or_o religious_a place_n but_o he_o be_v extreme_a sorry_a that_o any_o one_o shall_v be_v slay_v have_v pay_v his_o râ—â—â—â—â—_n the_o author_n of_o which_o unworthy_a action_n he_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o maintain_v but_o will_v inflict_v upon_o he_o his_o condign_a punishment_n in_o case_n he_o can_v be_v get_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o desert_n where_o as_o a_o outlaw_n â—he_n live_v undiscovered_a but_o as_o to_o commence_v a_o war_n in_o a_o season_n inconvenient_a he_o protest_v he_o know_v nothing_o of_o that_o till_o now_o yet_o those_o that_o do_v so_o do_v solemn_o attest_v that_o to_o be_v the_o only_a measure_n they_o have_v to_o save_v themselves_o and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o other_o security_n for_o their_o life_n and_o fortune_n than_o to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o arms._n concern_v his_o sin_n and_o trespass_n against_o god_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o grace_n he_o will_v endeavour_v to_o repent_v of_o neither_o shall_v the_o war_n be_v willing_o continue_v by_o he_o in_o case_n he_o may_v save_v himself_o harmless_a but_o before_o he_o will_v be_v unjust_o dispossess_v of_o his_o legal_a propriety_n he_o think_v it_o but_o reasonable_a by_o all_o possible_a measure_n to_o defend_v himself_o and_o he_o be_v very_o willing_a upon_o due_a examination_n of_o the_o trespass_n commit_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n and_o retribution_n of_o all_o wrong_n commit_v by_o he_o and_o his_o subject_n so_o that_o the_o english_a will_v observe_v the_o same_o of_o their_o side_n and_o likewise_o be_v ready_a to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n which_o he_o think_v be_v impossible_a
cantref_o selef_n which_o have_v these_o comot_n selef_n and_o â—rahayern_n cantref_o canol_n these_o talgarth_n ystradyw_n and_o brwynâ—ys_n or_o eglwys_n yail_v cantref_o mawr_z these_o tir_fw-fr raulff_n lhywel_n and_o cerrigâ—owel_n in_o this_o part_n be_v the_o town_n of_o brecknock_n upon_o â—â—e_z meeting_n of_o vsk_n and_o honddi_n and_o be_v call_v aberâ—onddi_n and_o hay_n call_v y_o gelhy_a with_o talgarth_n buelht_n â—hangors_n it_o have_v west_n caermardhyn-shire_n with_o the_o river_n tywy_n upon_o the_o north_n radnor-shire_n with_o why_o â—pon_o the_o east_n herefordshire_n and_o monmouth_n upon_o the_o â—outh_n glamorgan_n this_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v full_a of_o mountain_n wood_n and_o river_n especial_o buelht_v and_o â—he_v lord_n of_o this_o country_n call_v bruce_n with_o the_o morâ—mers_n most_o of_o all_o other_o lord_n marcher_n sometime_o by_o may_v but_o often_o by_o treason_n have_v molest_v and_o grieve_v the_o prince_n of_o wales_n this_o land_n come_v after_o the_o bruce_n to_o the_o bohun_v earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o so_o to_o the_o stafford'_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n these_o six_o shire_n be_v subject_n to_o the_o territory_n of_o dynefawr_n with_o radnor-shire_n which_o be_v belong_v to_o mathrafal_n be_v now_o common_o call_v south-wales_n which_o country_n be_v both_o great_a and_o large_a with_o many_o â—air_a plain_n and_o valley_n for_o corn_n high_a mountain_n and_o rock_n full_a of_o pasture_n for_o cattle_n great_a and_o thick_a wood_n with_o forest_n and_o park_n for_o red_a deer_n and_o fallow_a clear_a and_o deep_a river_n full_a of_o fish_n of_o which_o severn_n be_v the_o chief_a which_o with_o why_o and_o rheidolâ—pring_v â—pring_z out_o of_o a_o high_a mountain_n call_v pymlhymon_n in_o the_o edge_n of_o cardiganshire_n and_o be_v call_v common_o the_o three_o sister_n severn_n run_v full_a east_n through_o cydewen_n by_o the_o pool_n and_o under_o the_o castle_n of_o shraden_n to_o shrewsbury_n from_o whence_o it_o turn_v southward_o and_o run_v to_o bridgenorth_n bewdley_n worcester_n gloucester_n and_o â—o_o to_o the_o sea_n by_o bristol_n the_o second_o sister_n be_v gwy_a in_o english_a why_o which_o take_v her_o journey_n southeast_n by_o rayader_n gwy_a to_o buelht_n where_o irwon_a meet_v she_o thence_o to_o glasbury_n and_o so_o to_o hereford_n and_o monmouth_n and_o to_o the_o sea_n of_o severn_n at_o chepstow_n for_o so_o they_o call_v môr_n hafren_n the_o sea_n which_o sever_v wales_n from_o somersetshire_n devon_n shire_n and_o cornwall_n the_o three_o sister_n name_v rheidol_n run_v northward_o to_o the_o sea_n be_v not_o far_o off_o at_o aberystwyth_n there_o be_v other_o fair_a river_n as_o vsk_v which_o rise_v in_o a_o high_a mountain_n call_v y_o mynydh_n die_v in_o the_o south_n part_n of_o brecknockshire_n run_v to_o brecknock_n and_o so_o through_o monmouthshire_n to_o the_o town_n of_o vsk_n caerlheon_n and_o newport_n and_o so_o to_o the_o say_a south_n sea_n tywy_o also_o rise_v not_o far_o from_o why_o run_v south_n to_o lhanymdhyfri_n and_o thence_o south-west_n by_o lhandcilo_n and_o dynefawr_n to_o abergwily_n and_o caermardhyn_n and_o so_o by_o lhanstephan_n to_o the_o sea_n teifi_n likewise_o which_o rise_v in_o the_o edge_n of_o caermardhyn_a shire_n and_o run_v north-west_n by_o emlyn_n ci_o gerran_a cardigan_n and_o so_o to_o the_o north_n sea_n in_o teifi_n above_o all_o the_o river_n in_o wales_n itiner_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d greek_n fiber_n lat._n beaver_n english_a afanc_fw-fr british_a giraldus_n in_o itiner_n be_v in_o giraldus_n time_n a_o great_a number_n of_o castor_n which_o may_v be_v english_v bever_n and_o be_v call_v in_o welsh_a afanc_n which_o name_n only_o remain_v in_o wales_n at_o this_o day_n but_o what_o it_o be_v very_o few_o can_v tell_v it_o be_v a_o beast_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o otter_n but_o that_o it_o be_v big_a all_o hairy_a save_v the_o tail_n which_o be_v like_o a_o fish_n tail_n as_o broad_a as_o a_o man_n hand_n this_o beast_n use_v as_o well_o the_o water_n as_o the_o land_n and_o have_v very_o sharp_a tooth_n and_o bit_v cruel_o till_o he_o perceive_v the_o bone_n crack_v his_o stone_n be_v of_o great_a efficacy_n in_o physic_n he_o that_o will_v learn_v what_o strong_a nest_n they_o make_v which_o giraldus_n call_v castle_n which_o they_o build_v upon_o the_o face_n of_o the_o water_n with_o great_a bough_n which_o they_o cut_v with_o their_o tooth_n and_o how_o some_o lie_n upon_o their_o back_n hold_v the_o wood_n with_o the_o fore-feet_n which_o the_o other_o draw_v with_o a_o cross_a stick_n the_o which_o he_o hold_v in_o his_o mouth_n to_o the_o waterside_n and_o other_o particularity_n of_o their_o nature_n let_v he_o read_v giraldus_n in_o his_o topography_n of_o wales_n there_o be_v beside_o these_o a_o great_a number_n of_o river_n of_o which_o some_o run_v to_o the_o south_n and_o some_o to_o the_o west_n and_o north_n sea_n as_o tywy_a in_o glamorgan-shire_n taf_n also_o in_o caermardhyn_a shire_n which_o runnenh_v to_o cledheu_o two_o river_n either_o call_v cledheu_o which_o do_v give_v milford_n the_o name_n of_o aberdaugledheu_o in_o pembrokeshire_n arthur_n aeron_n and_o ystwyth_n in_o cardigan_n there_o be_v also_o divers_a lordship_n which_o be_v add_v to_o other_o shire_n and_o be_v take_v heretofore_o for_o part_n of_o wales_n and_o in_o most_o part_n of_o they_o at_o this_o day_n the_o welsh_a language_n be_v speak_v as_o oswestry_n knock_v whittington_n elsmer_n masbroke_n chirbury_n caurs_n clun_n which_o be_v now_o in_o shrop-shire_n ewyas-lacy_n ewyas-haroald_a clifford_n winsorton_n yardley_n hunâ—ingdon_n whitney_n loghardney_n in_o hereford-shire_n also_o this_o country_n of_o south_n wales_n as_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o britain_n be_v first_o inhabit_v by_o the_o britain_n which_o remain_v there_o to_o this_o day_n save_v that_o in_o divers_a place_n especial_o along_o the_o seashore_n they_o have_v be_v mingle_v with_o saxon_n norman_n which_o the_o welsh_a history_n call_v frenchman_n and_o flemings_n so_o that_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n since_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o norman_n can_v never_o keep_v quiet_a possession_n thereof_o but_o what_o for_o stranger_n and_o what_o for_o disloyalty_n of_o their_o own_o people_n vexation_n and_o war_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n compel_v to_o keep_v themselves_o in_o caermardhyn-shire_n the_o history_n of_o wales_n when_o the_o roman_a empire_n under_o valentinian_n the_o young_a begin_v to_o decline_v and_o become_v sensible_o unable_a to_o repress_v the_o perpetual_a incursion_n of_o the_o goth_n huns_n vandal_n and_o other_o barbarous_a invader_n it_o be_v find_v necessary_a to_o abandon_v the_o remote_a part_n of_o that_o unwieldy_a body_n and_o to_o recall_v the_o roman_a force_n that_o defend_v they_o the_o better_a to_o secure_v the_o inward_a and_o the_o province_n most_o expose_v to_o the_o depredation_n of_o the_o barbarian_n 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their_o wife_n child_n and_o liberty_n
from_o the_o injury_n of_o their_o barbarous_a enemy_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o roman_a legion_n be_v transporteâ—_n into_o gaul_n back_o return_v the_o pict_n and_o scot_n and_o have_v by_o a_o desperate_a assault_n pass_v the_o wall_n pursue_v the_o britain_n with_o a_o more_o dreadful_a and_o bloody_a slaughter_n than_o former_o the_o britain_n perceive_v their_o condition_n most_o desperate_a once_o more_o send_v their_o miserabâ—â—_n complaint_n to_o ætiâ—s_n in_o these_o tragical_a word_n 〈◊〉_d aetius_n thrice_o consul_n the_o groan_n of_o the_o britain_n the_o baâ—barians_n drive_v we_o to_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o sea_n drive_v we_o bâ—â—â—_n to_o they_o and_o so_o distract_v betwixt_o two_o death_n we_o 〈◊〉_d either_o drown_v or_o perish_v by_o the_o sword_n but_o they_o solicit_v to_o no_o purpose_n the_o roman_n have_v already_o bid_v absolute_a farewell_n to_o britain_n and_o the_o empire_n be_v crum_o oppress_v by_o the_o goth_n and_o other_o barbarous_a â—_z be_v 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leave_v that_o to_o the_o care_n and_o vigilancy_n of_o the_o roman_a garrison_n and_o this_o easiness_n and_o supinity_n of_o the_o britain_n may_v not_o be_v untrue_o attribute_v to_o the_o policy_n of_o the_o roman_a constitution_n for_o when_o the_o britain_n be_v bring_v subject_a to_o the_o empire_n the_o first_o thing_n the_o roman_n effect_v towards_o the_o confirmation_n of_o their_o obedience_n be_v to_o take_v the_o sword_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n they_o be_v sensible_a how_o bold_a and_o valorous_a the_o britain_n natural_o be_v how_o unlike_a to_o submit_v their_o neck_n to_o a_o foreign_a yoke_n and_o therefore_o they_o find_v it_o impracticable_a to_o obtain_v a_o quiet_a possession_n of_o this_o province_n as_o long_o as_o the_o britain_n have_v power_n and_o opportunity_n to_o oppose_v they_o this_o course_n they_o find_v very_o effectual_a and_o when_o they_o have_v once_o lull_v they_o asleep_o they_o be_v not_o over_o solicitous_a to_o rouse_v and_o awaken_v 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british_a legion_n so_o that_o they_o be_v leave_v expose_v to_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o northern_a invader_n have_v not_o as_o yet_o recover_v any_o power_n or_o conduct_v to_o oppose_v they_o for_o have_v not_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n come_v on_o so_o forcible_o at_o first_o but_o have_v give_v time_n to_o the_o britain_n to_o shake_v off_o that_o lethargy_n they_o have_v for_o many_o year_n be_v bury_v in_o and_o to_o renew_v their_o ancient_a discipline_n and_o vigour_n there_o have_v be_v no_o need_n of_o call_v in_o the_o saxon_n see_v they_o will_v in_o all_o probability_n be_v able_a to_o maintain_v their_o ground_n against_o any_o opposition_n and_o likely_a have_v be_v in_o possession_n of_o their_o whole_a country_n to_o this_o time_n but_o next_o to_o the_o decree_n of_o heaven_n the_o ruin_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n must_v be_v attribute_v to_o its_o too_o much_o luxury_n and_o effeminacy_n and_o to_o the_o universal_a lapse_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n into_o a_o aversion_n of_o a_o military_a action_n and_o martial_a discipline_n for_o though_o a_o continue_a peace_n be_v in_o itself_o desirable_a yet_o oftentimes_o nothing_o tend_v more_o to_o the_o future_a ruin_n and_o downfall_n of_o a_o nation_n for_o peace_n beget_v in_o man_n general_o a_o habit_n of_o looseness_n and_o debauchery_n be_v the_o occasion_n of_o many_o notorious_a extravagancy_n and_o vicious_a practice_n which_o weaken_v their_o hand_n and_o cool_v their_o courage_n and_o greatness_n of_o mind_n so_o that_o in_o case_n of_o any_o open_a danger_n they_o be_v uncapable_a to_o defend_v their_o country_n and_o unfit_a to_o oppose_v the_o common_a enemy_n scarce_o any_o kingdom_n or_o nation_n be_v subvert_v but_o the_o ruin_n of_o it_o be_v usher_v in_o by_o these_o mean_n witness_v the_o assyrian_a under_o sardanapalus_n the_o persian_a under_o darius_n and_o the_o egyptian_a under_o cleopatra_n so_o that_o it_o be_v most_o prudent_o urge_v by_o a_o roman_a senator_n that_o carthage_n may_v not_o be_v demolish_v lest_o that_o for_o want_v of_o a_o enemy_n abroad_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o roman_n may_v degenerate_v and_o their_o conduct_n be_v forget_v have_v the_o britain_n have_v the_o fortune_n to_o be_v continual_o in_o action_n and_o not_o exchange_v their_o courage_n and_o discipline_n for_o ease_n and_o laziness_n they_o have_v have_v no_o reason_n to_o dread_v the_o incursion_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n nor_o any_o need_n of_o the_o aid_n and_o assistance_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n but_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o affair_n then_o require_v it_o and_o help_v must_v be_v have_v or_o else_o their_o country_n must_v unavoidable_o become_v a_o prey_n to_o those_o northern_a invader_n to_o prevent_v therefore_o and_o repel_v their_o violence_n king_n vâ—rtigern_n hold_v a_o council_n of_o his_o great_a man_n and_o noble_n where_o it_o be_v conclude_v to_o be_v most_o advantageous_a to_o the_o britain_n to_o invite_v the_o saxon_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o their_o aid_n who_o in_o all_o probability_n will_v glad_o embrace_v the_o opportunity_n by_o reason_n that_o their_o own_o country_n be_v grow_v too_o scanty_a for_o their_o superfluous_a number_n this_o message_n of_o the_o britain_n however_o original_o deliver_v be_v by_o a_o ancient_a saxon_a writer_n repeat_v in_o this_o manner_n most_o noble_a saxon_n the_o miserable_a britain_n shatter_v and_o quite_o wear_v out_o by_o the_o frequent_a incursion_n of_o their_o enemy_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o your_o many_o signal_n victory_n have_v send_v we_o to_o you_o humble_o request_v that_o you_o will_v assist_v they_o at_o this_o juncture_n a_o land_n large_a and_o spacious_a abound_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o necessary_n they_o give_v up_o entire_o to_o your_o disposal_n hitherto_o we_o have_v live_v happy_o under_o the_o government_n and_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n next_o to_o the_o roman_n we_o know_v none_o of_o great_a valour_n than_o yourselves_o and_o therefore_o in_o your_o arm_n do_v now_o seek_v refuge_n
let_v but_o that_o courage_n and_o those_o arm_n make_v we_o conqueror_n and_o we_o shall_v refuse_v no_o service_n you_o shall_v please_v to_o impose_v to_o this_o message_n the_o saxon_n return_v this_o short_a answer_n assure_v yourselves_o the_o saxon_n will_v be_v true_a friend_n to_o the_o britain_n and_o as_o such_o shall_v be_v always_o ready_a both_o to_o relieve_v their_o necessity_n and_o to_o advance_v their_o interest_n the_o saxon_n be_v thus_o happy_o court_v to_o what_o themselves_o have_v a_o thousand_o time_n wish_v for_o arrive_v soon_o after_o in_o britain_n in_o three_o galley_n call_v in_o their_o own_o language_n kiule_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o two_o brethren_n hengist_n and_o horsa_n be_v honourable_o receive_v by_o the_o king_n and_o affectionate_o treat_v by_o the_o people_n their_o faith_n be_v give_v of_o both_o side_n the_o saxon_n stipulate_v to_o defend_v the_o britain_n country_n and_o the_o britain_n to_o give_v the_o saxon_n a_o satisfactory_a 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island_n the_o infirmity_n and_o effeminacy_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n invite_v they_o to_o be_v sharer_n of_o his_o future_a success_n and_o expectation_n to_o his_o invitation_n they_o ready_o comply_v and_o sail_v over_o in_o great_a number_n they_o think_v to_o take_v possession_n of_o that_o country_n which_o fortune_n promise_v shall_v be_v their_o own_o but_o they_o must_v fight_v for_o it_o first_o the_o britain_n be_v resolve_v to_o the_o last_o to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o their_o country_n against_o these_o treacherous_a practice_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o if_o possible_a to_o drive_v they_o to_o their_o primitive_a habitation_n for_o when_o the_o britain_n become_v sensible_a of_o the_o undermine_a aim_n of_o the_o saxon_n how_o they_o secret_o endeavour_v the_o total_a extirpation_n of_o the_o british_a nation_n they_o present_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o sword_n and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n become_v signal_o famous_a for_o their_o valour_n and_o conduct_n 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impose_v upon_o by_o stranger_n and_o therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o take_v the_o british_a government_n upon_o himself_o and_o to_o endeavour_v the_o universal_a expulsion_n of_o the_o saxon_n with_o he_o the_o british_a nobility_n willing_o join_v and_o after_o several_a famous_a victory_n over_o the_o saxon_n he_o be_v unhappy_o poison_v by_o a_o saxon_a lady_n after_o he_o the_o britain_n brave_o defend_v themselves_o against_o the_o prevail_a greatness_n of_o the_o saxon_n under_o these_o valiant_a prince_n aurelius_n ambrose_n uter_n pendragon_n arthur_n constantine_n ii_o aurelius_n conanus_fw-la vortiper_n and_o maelgon_n to_o he_o succeed_v careticus_fw-la in_o who_o time_n the_o saxon_n aspire_v to_o a_o total_a conquest_n of_o britain_n invite_v over_o one_o gurmundus_fw-la a_o norwegian_a pirate_n who_o have_v late_o signalise_v himself_o in_o ireland_n and_o obtain_v a_o conquest_n over_o that_o kingdom_n he_o they_o employ_v to_o march_v against_o careticus_fw-la who_o be_v overcome_v and_o vanquish_v by_o he_o the_o britain_n be_v force_v some_o to_o retire_v beyond_o the_o river_n severn_n and_o dee_n some_o to_o cornwall_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o little_a britain_n in_o france_n the_o british_a affair_n be_v now_o bring_v very_o low_a and_o their_o government_n reduce_v within_o a_o very_a narrow_a compass_n so_o that_o the_o title_n of_o the_o king_n of_o britain_n can_v be_v but_o superficial_o attribute_v to_o the_o succeed_a prince_n cadwan_n cadwallan_n and_o cadwallader_n cadwallader_n cadwallader_n surname_v bbendige_v or_o the_o bless_a be_v the_o last_o of_o british_a race_n that_o enjoy_v the_o title_n of_o king_n of_o britain_n after_o he_o the_o welsh_a who_o be_v the_o most_o numerous_a remain_v of_o the_o britain_n disdain_v to_o own_o any_o subjection_n to_o the_o oppress_a saxon_n set_v up_o a_o new_a government_n among_o themselves_o and_o alter_v the_o style_n of_o british_a king_n to_o that_o of_o prince_n of_o wales_n but_o whilst_o cadwallader_n rule_v in_o britain_n a_o very_a severe_a famine_n attend_v with_o a_o rage_a pestilence_n which_o assure_o spring_v from_o the_o continue_a war_n which_o be_v so_o eager_o carry_v on_o betwixt_o the_o britain_n and_o saxon_n happen_v in_o the_o island_n which_o occasion_v a_o most_o lamentable_a mortality_n among_o his_o subject_n insomuch_o that_o he_o be_v compel_v together_o with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o nobility_n and_o other_o to_o retire_v for_o refuge_n to_o his_o cousin_n alan_n king_n of_o lhydaw_n or_o little_a britain_n in_o france_n there_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o meet_v with_o all_o civility_n suitable_a to_o his_o quality_n and_o condition_n as_o well_o because_o of_o his_o own_o near_a relation_n and_o consanguinity_n to_o alan_n as_o upon_o the_o account_n that_o their_o subject_n be_v original_o one_o and_o the_o same_o people_n for_o the_o britain_n of_o france_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 384._o go_v over_o out_o of_o this_o island_n under_o the_o command_n of_o conan_n lord_n of_o meriadoc_n to_o the_o aid_n of_o maximus_n the_o tyrant_n against_o the_o emperor_n gratianus_n for_o this_o service_n maximus_n grant_v to_o conan_n and_o his_o follower_n the_o country_n of_o armorica_n where_o the_o britain_n have_v drive_v out_o the_o former_a inhabitant_n seat_v themselves_o and_o erect_v a_o kingdom_n which_o last_v for_o many_o year_n under_o several_a king_n who_o name_n and_o succession_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o catalogue_n of_o the_o armorican_a king_n 1._o conan_n meriadoc_n 2._o gradlonus_fw-la 3._o solomon_n i._n 4._o auldranus_fw-la 5._o bâ—â—â—ous_a i._n 6._o hoâ—â—lus_fw-la magnus_fw-la 7._o howâ—lus_n ii_o 8._o alâ—mâ—_n i._n 9_o hoâ—â—lus_fw-la iii_o â—0_n cilâ—uâ—llus_n â—1_n solomon_n ii_o â—2_n alanâ—â—_n ii_o 13._o conobertus_fw-la 14._o budicus_n ii_o 15._o theodoricus_n 16._o rubalhonus_n 17._o daniel_n dremrost_n i._n e._n rubicunda_fw-la fancy_n 18._o aregstanus_fw-la 19_o maconus_n 20._o neomenius_n 21._o haruspogius_fw-la 22._o solomon_n iii_o alan_n ii_o then_o reign_v in_o little_a britain_n when_o cadâ—alader_n be_v force_v to_o forsake_v his_o own_o dominion_n â—nd_v to_o retire_v beyond_o the_o sea_n he_o be_v descend_v â—â—om_n ruâ—â—_n the_o son_n of_o mailgon_n gwyneth_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n by_o a_o daughter_n marry_v to_o howel_n the_o second_o king_n of_o little_a britain_n this_o kingdom_n remain_v â—â—rm_n till_o solomon_n iii_o who_o be_v treacherous_o slay_v â—y_a his_o own_o subject_n upon_o which_o unlucky_a accident_n â—he_v kingdom_n be_v convert_v to_o a_o earldom_n whereof_o â—ne_a alan_n be_v the_o first_o a_o valiant_a and_o warlike_a prince_n who_o stout_o resist_v the_o norman_n and_o frequent_o vanquish_v and_o overcome_v they_o but_o after_o that_o cadwallader_n have_v continue_v some_o time_n with_o alan_n the_o plague_n be_v abate_v in_o britain_n he_o purpose_v to_o return_v and_o if_o possible_a to_o recover_v that_o â—art_n of_o his_o kingdom_n which_o the_o saxon_n be_v now_o in_o possession_n of_o he_o receive_v frequent_a intelligence_n of_o â—heir_a number_n and_o
gwys_n where_o be_v arrive_v he_o be_v joyful_o receive_v and_o honourable_o entertain_v by_o such_o lord_n as_o desire_v his_o help_n have_v view_v the_o strength_n and_o fortification_n of_o the_o castle_n he_o find_v it_o be_v impracticable_a to_o take_v the_o place_n without_o the_o wall_n can_v be_v destroy_v and_o therefore_o he_o give_v order_n that_o certain_a batter_a engine_n shall_v be_v provide_v whilst_o the_o rest_n shall_v gall_v and_o molest_v the_o besiege_v by_o throw_v of_o great_a stone_n into_o the_o castle_n the_o enemy_n perceive_v what_o irresistible_a preparation_n the_o besieger_n contrive_v think_v it_o to_o no_o purpose_n to_o withstand_v their_o fury_n and_o therefore_o to_o do_v that_o voluntary_o which_o must_v be_v do_v by_o compulsion_n they_o present_o yield_v up_o the_o castle_n short_o after_o this_o a_o great_a difference_n happen_v betwixt_o the_o son_n of_o prince_n owen_n howel_n and_o conan_n and_o their_o uncle_n cadwallader_n whereupon_o the_o former_a enter_v with_o a_o army_n into_o the_o country_n of_o merionyth_n and_o commit_v great_a waste_v and_o hostility_n there_o insomuch_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n flock_v into_o sanctuary_n to_o save_v their_o life_n but_o the_o young_a lord_n find_v what_o fearful_a and_o unstable_a condition_n the_o people_n be_v in_o and_o the_o better_a to_o draw_v they_o to_o their_o side_n issue_v out_o their_o proclamation_n assure_v that_o all_o who_o will_v favour_v their_o country_n shall_v not_o only_o enjoy_v their_o life_n but_o their_o former_a liberty_n and_o accustom_a privilege_n upon_o the_o publication_n of_o which_o edict_n the_o people_n return_v to_o their_o own_o habitation_n have_v by_o this_o stratagem_n bring_v all_o the_o country_n under_o their_o own_o pleasure_n and_o good_a will_n they_o lead_v their_o army_n before_o the_o castle_n of_o cynfael_n belong_v to_o cadwallader_n which_o he_o have_v build_v and_o strong_o fortify_v the_o government_n of_o this_o castle_n cadwallader_n have_v commit_v to_o merfyn_n abbot_n of_o tygwyn_n or_o the_o white-house_n who_o be_v summon_v to_o surrender_v by_o the_o brother_n howel_n and_o conan_n do_v not_o only_o refuse_v but_o defy_v their_o utmost_a effort_n upon_o the_o place_n the_o lord_n find_v they_o can_v do_v no_o good_a by_o threat_n and_o menace_n judge_v it_o more_o convenient_a to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o other_o extreme_a and_o therefore_o promise_v the_o abbot_n a_o very_a high_a reward_n if_o he_o will_v deliver_v the_o castle_n into_o their_o hand_n but_o all_o prove_v to_o no_o effect_n the_o abbot_n be_v a_o person_n of_o more_o honesty_n and_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o be_v corrupt_v to_o betray_v his_o trust_n tell_v they_o flat_o that_o he_o will_v not_o deceive_v his_o master_n expectation_n and_o therefore_o will_v choose_v rather_o to_o die_v with_o honour_n than_o to_o live_v with_o shame_n the_o lord_n find_v he_o inexorable_a and_o withal_o be_v vex_v that_o a_o churchman_n shall_v put_v such_o a_o stop_n to_o their_o fortunate_a proceed_n make_v such_o a_o vigorous_a assault_n upon_o the_o castle_n that_o after_o they_o have_v pull_v down_o some_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n they_o enter_v in_o by_o force_n and_o ravage_v so_o furious_o that_o they_o kill_v and_o wound_v the_o whole_a garrison_n the_o abbot_n only_o escape_v who_o by_o the_o help_n of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n in_o howel_n army_n get_v away_o safe_a towards_o the_o close_a of_o this_o year_n several_a person_n of_o note_n depart_v this_o life_n among_o who_o be_v robert_n earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o gilbert_n earl_n of_o clare_n as_o also_o vchthryd_n bishop_n of_o llandaf_n a_o man_n of_o great_a piety_n and_o learning_n in_o who_o see_v succeed_v nicholas_n ab_fw-la gurgant_n a.d._n 1147_o the_o follow_a year_n also_o die_v bernard_n bishop_n of_o st._n david_n and_o be_v succeed_v by_o david_n fitzgerald_n a.d._n 1148_o then_o archdeacon_n of_o cardigan_n sometime_o after_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n build_v a_o castle_n in_o yale_n call_v castelh_n y_o rodwyth_n and_o his_o brother_n cadwallader_n build_v another_o at_o lhanrystid_n and_o bestow_v his_o part_n of_o cardigan_n upon_o his_o son_n cadwgan_n also_o madoc_n the_o son_n of_o meredith_n ap_fw-mi blethyn_n found_v the_o castle_n of_o oswestry_n and_o give_v his_o nephew_n owen_n and_o meyric_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi meredith_n his_o share_n of_o cyfeilioc_n a.d._n 1149_o the_o next_o year_n conan_n son_n to_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n for_o certain_a fault_n and_o miscarriage_n commit_v against_o his_o father_n though_o the_o particular_n be_v not_o discover_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n where_o for_o some_o time_n he_o continue_v in_o custody_n but_o it_o fare_v better_a with_o his_o brother_n howel_n who_o have_v make_v his_o uncle_n cadwallader_n his_o prisoner_n reduce_v all_o his_o country_n together_o with_o his_o castle_n subject_n to_o himself_o in_o south-wales_n some_o business_n of_o moment_n happen_v this_o year_n cadelh_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n have_v fortify_v the_o castle_n of_o carmardhyn_n march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o cydwely_n waste_v and_o destroy_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o be_v return_v home_o join_v his_o army_n with_o his_o brother_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n who_o enter_v into_o the_o country_n of_o cardigan_n win_v that_o part_n call_v be_v aeron_n this_o be_v succeed_v by_o a_o action_n of_o great_a importance_n in_o north-wales_n some_o irreconcilable_a difference_n arise_v betwixt_o prince_n owen_n and_o rondel_n earl_n of_o chester_n quick_o break_v out_o into_o open_a war._n the_o earl_n make_v all_o the_o possible_a preparation_n the_o opportunity_n will_v permit_v and_o draw_v together_o a_o considerable_a army_n from_o all_o part_n of_o england_n and_o which_o strengthen_v and_o encourage_v he_o the_o more_o he_o be_v join_v by_o madoc_n ap_fw-mi meredith_n prince_n of_o powy_n who_o disdain_v to_o hold_v his_o land_n of_o prince_n owen_n gwynedh_n choose_v rather_o to_o side_n with_o and_o abet_v his_o enemy_n the_o prince_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v not_o backward_o in_o his_o preparation_n and_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n to_o come_v upon_o he_o think_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o suffer_v he_o to_o advance_v too_o far_o into_o the_o country_n but_o to_o stop_v and_o prevent_v his_o career_n before_o he_o shall_v take_v too_o firm_a a_o foot_n in_o his_o dominion_n to_o this_o end_n he_o march_v with_o his_o whole_a power_n as_o far_o as_o counsylht_v with_o full_a resolution_n to_o give_v the_o earl_n of_o chester_n battel_n which_o the_o english_a be_v glad_a of_o as_o think_v themselves_o far_o more_o numerous_a and_o much_o better_o arm_v and_o discipline_v than_o the_o welsh_a but_o both_o army_n have_v join_v battle_n they_o quick_o falter_v in_o their_o expectation_n of_o undoubted_a success_n and_o find_v the_o welsh_a to_o press_v so_o irresistible_o severe_a upon_o they_o they_o think_v it_o wise_a to_o retire_v and_o endeavour_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n but_o the_o welsh_a pursue_v they_o so_o hard_o that_o few_o escape_v without_o be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v prisoner_n and_o they_o some_o of_o the_o chief_a commander_n who_o through_o the_o fleetness_n of_o their_o horse_n avoid_v the_o fury_n of_o their_o pursuer_n the_o next_o year_n the_o scene_n of_o action_n remove_v to_o a.d._n 1150_o south-wales_n cadelh_n meredith_n and_o rhys_n the_o son_n of_o gruffydh_fw-mi ap_fw-mi rhys_n prince_n of_o south-wales_n be_v enter_v with_o a_o army_n into_o cardigan_n win_v all_o the_o country_n from_o howel_n the_o prince_n of_o north-wales_n son_n except_v the_o castle_n of_o lhanfihangel_n in_o pengwern_n the_o siege_n of_o lhanrystyd_n castle_n prove_v so_o difficult_a and_o unmanagable_a that_o the_o young_a lord_n of_o south-wales_n lose_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o brave_a soldier_n before_o it_o which_o so_o trouble_v and_o vex_v they_o that_o when_o they_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o castle_n they_o put_v all_o the_o garrison_n to_o the_o sword_n from_o thence_o they_o march_v to_o ystratmerric_n castle_n which_o after_o they_o have_v win_v man_v and_o refortified_n they_o disband_v their_o force_n and_o return_v home_o but_o cadelh_n the_o elder_a of_o the_o brother_n be_v upon_o the_o point_n of_o receive_v his_o last_o blow_n by_o treachery_n at_o home_n which_o he_o have_v escape_v from_o the_o enemy_n abroad_o for_o some_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o tenbigh_n in_o pembroke_n shire_n have_v conceive_v some_o displeasure_n and_o hatred_n against_o cadelh_n be_v resolve_v to_o revenge_v themselves_o and_o to_o lay_v a_o trap_n for_o his_o life_n and_o have_v observe_v what_o pleasure_n he_o take_v in_o hunt_v be_v resolve_v to_o execute_v their_o plot_n whilst_o he_o be_v hot_a and_o eager_a at_o his_o sport_n observe_v therefore_o one_o day_n how_o he_o go_v a_o hunt_n with_o only_a a_o few_o companion_n
so_o the_o english_a retire_v over_o the_o river_n matthew_z paris_z writes_z that_o the_o earl_n obtain_v a_o very_a signal_n victory_n and_o that_o of_o the_o welsh_a there_o be_v nine_o thousand_o slay_v and_o take_v though_o the_o welsh_a account_n which_o in_o this_o case_n be_v in_o all_o likelihood_n the_o best_a make_v the_o whole_a army_n of_o the_o welsh_a to_o consist_v but_o of_o that_o number_n but_o both_o army_n have_v lie_v for_o certain_a day_n in_o that_o posture_n and_o the_o river_n tywy_n be_v betwixt_o they_o gruffydh_n by_o reason_n that_o provision_n begin_v to_o grow_v scarce_o in_o his_o camp_n return_v back_o and_o then_o the_o earl_n decamp_v and_o march_v to_o cilgerran_n where_o he_o begin_v to_o build_v a_o very_a strong_a castle_n but_o before_o he_o can_v have_v time_n to_o finish_v it_o he_o receive_v a_o express_a from_o the_o king_n with_o order_n to_o come_v to_o he_o and_o so_o he_o go_v by_o sea_n to_o london_n leave_v his_o army_n at_o cilgerran_n to_o continue_v the_o work_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v short_o after_o the_o king_n together_o with_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n come_v to_o ludlow_n and_o send_v for_o prince_n lhewelyn_n thither_o they_o have_v good_a hope_n to_o adjust_a all_o difference_n and_o to_o make_v a_o amicable_a composition_n betwixt_o he_o and_o the_o earl_n but_o when_o this_o can_v not_o be_v effect_v both_o party_n stick_v close_o to_o their_o private_a interest_n the_o earl_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o derby_n and_z henry_n pyggot_n lord_n of_o ewyas_n design_v to_o pass_v by_o land_n to_o pembrock_n but_o his_o purpose_n be_v discover_v to_o the_o prince_n he_o detach_v his_o son_n to_o secure_v the_o passage_n of_o carnwylhion_n and_o come_v in_o person_n to_o mabedryd_n which_o when_o the_o earl_n understand_v find_v it_o dangerous_a to_o prosecute_v his_o design_n any_o further_a he_o return_v to_o england_n and_o then_o the_o prince_n march_v to_o north-wales_n the_o next_o action_n that_o pass_v in_o wales_n a.d._n 1227_o be_v somewhat_o rare_a and_o not_o redound_v much_o to_o the_o credit_n and_o esteem_v of_o the_o welsh_a for_o rhys_n fychan_n have_v by_o some_o sinistrous_a mean_n or_o other_o take_v his_o father_n rhys_n gryc_a contrary_a to_o all_o filial_a affection_n and_o duty_n detain_v he_o prisoner_n and_o will_v not_o set_v he_o at_o liberty_n till_o he_o have_v deliver_v up_o lhanymdhyfri_n castle_n to_o he_o about_o the_o same_o time_n meredith_n archdeacon_n of_o cardigan_n prince_n rhy_n son_n depart_v this_o life_n and_o be_v honourable_o inter_v at_o s._n david_n by_o his_o father_n but_o a_o while_n after_o a_o great_a storm_n threaten_v the_o a.d._n 1228_o welch_n king_n henry_n have_v raise_v a_o great_a army_n be_v resolve_v to_o make_v a_o violent_a prosecution_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o pembrock_n quarrel_n against_o the_o prince_n of_o wales_n and_o if_o possible_a to_o make_v all_o that_o country_n for_o ever_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o so_o be_v advance_v into_o the_o march_n he_o encamp_v at_o ceri_fw-la prince_n lhewelyn_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n be_v inform_v of_o these_o mighty_a preparation_n in_o england_n and_o understanding_n that_o they_o be_v intend_v against_o he_o do_v use_v all_o the_o endeavour_n possible_a to_o make_v a_o vigorous_a resistance_n and_o have_v draw_v together_o all_o the_o force_n he_o be_v able_a to_o levy_v think_v it_o his_o wise_a way_n to_o meet_v the_o english_a upon_o the_o march_n and_o not_o to_o permit_v the_o enemy_n to_o enter_v his_o country_n both_o army_n be_v come_v in_o sight_n of_o each_o other_o frequent_a skirmish_n happen_v betwixt_o they_o but_o one_o day_n almost_o the_o whole_a army_n engage_v and_o after_o a_o vigorous_a attack_z of_o both_o side_n the_o english_a at_o last_o get_v the_o worst_a and_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v have_v a_o great_a many_o man_n slay_v and_o take_v prisoner_n among_o the_o latter_a 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