their_o harvest-work_n while_o he_o with_o the_o other_o two_o three_o advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n post_v himself_o on_o a_o eminence_n about_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o gerunium_n to_o try_v if_o he_o can_v from_o thence_o awe_v they_o and_o also_o to_o be_v in_o a_o better_a post_n to_o succour_v his_o forager_n in_o case_n they_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v press_v but_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o high_a ground_n between_o the_o two_o army_n which_o command_v near_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o send_v thither_o in_o the_o night_n two_o thousand_o of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o take_v possession_n thereof_o this_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o morning_n by_o minutius_n he_o immediate_o order_v out_o his_o light-armed_a soldier_n likewise_o against_o they_o who_o attack_v they_o in_o their_o post_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o warm_a for_o a_o while_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o roman_n prevail_v and_o dislodging_n the_o enemy_n come_v and_o post_v 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dictator_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n to_o conduct_v their_o affair_n which_o never_o happen_v at_o any_o time_n before_o among_o the_o roman_n when_o minutius_n come_v to_o understand_v how_o high_o he_o be_v exalt_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o they_o have_v give_v he_o full_a power_n he_o grow_v more_o determine_v and_o forward_o to_o attempt_v every_o thing_n how_o hazardous_a soever_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n fabius_n return_v to_o the_o army_n without_o any_o change_n of_o judgement_n through_o the_o injury_n which_o have_v be_v do_v he_o but_o rather_o more_o confirm_v in_o the_o rule_v he_o have_v lay_v down_o to_o himself_o and_o observe_v that_o minutius_n be_v now_o become_v insolent_a and_o uneasy_a to_o he_o by_o his_o new_a authority_n and_o success_n and_o that_o he_o oppose_v he_o in_o every_o thing_n through_o a_o kind_n of_o jealousy_n he_o have_v conceive_v and_o that_o he_o be_v likely_a to_o push_v matter_n to_o a_o decisive_a 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his_o design_n and_o observe_v a_o small_a rise_a ground_n between_o he_o and_o minutius_n camp_n by_o which_o either_o may_v incommode_v the_o other_o hannibal_n therefore_o resolve_v to_o possess_v it_o and_o for_o that_o he_o be_v well_o assure_v the_o roman_a embolden_v by_o his_o late_a success_n will_v oppose_v he_o he_o therefore_o devise_v this_o stratagem_n the_o country_n round_o about_o near_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n be_v in_o truth_n plain_a and_o champaign_n no_o part_n thereof_o seem_v in_o any_o wise_a capable_a of_o ambush_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o the_o plain_a country_n there_o be_v little_a insensible_a rise_n and_o fall_n turn_n and_o wind_n rock_n and_o cavern_n where_o man_n may_v be_v conceal_v as_o here_o there_o be_v wherefore_o in_o these_o place_n he_o hide_v five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o five_o thousand_o foot_n divide_v into_o
afterward_o king_n of_o syracuse_n he_o be_v then_o indeed_o but_o young_a howbeit_o nature_n have_v give_v he_o all_o the_o good_a quality_n to_o be_v wish_v in_o a_o prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o advance_v to_o this_o power_n but_o by_o the_o secret_a practice_n and_o address_v of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n he_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o city_n where_o he_o soon_o suppress_v those_o of_o the_o contrary_a faction_n but_o proceed_v in_o all_o thing_n with_o so_o much_o gentleness_n and_o humanity_n that_o though_o the_o syracusian_n will_v not_o approve_v the_o election_n make_v by_o the_o army_n he_o be_v nevertheless_o receive_v as_o praetor_n without_o the_o least_o contest_v from_o the_o very_a beginning_n by_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o administration_n of_o that_o authority_n it_o plain_o appear_v to_o those_o who_o can_v best_o discern_v that_o he_o be_v bear_v to_o something_o yet_o great_a than_o the_o praetorship_n for_o have_v right_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o humour_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o syracusian_n that_o they_o be_v seditious_a and_o no_o soon_o in_o arm_n but_o they_o fall_v into_o factious_a and_o mutinous_a practice_n and_o far_o observe_v that_o leptines_n one_o of_o the_o prime_a citizen_n superior_a to_o the_o rest_n both_o in_o credit_n and_o interest_n and_o in_o great_a reputation_n with_o the_o people_n for_o his_o justice_n and_o probity_n will_v be_v very_o useful_a to_o he_o with_o he_o he_o make_v a_o alliance_n by_o take_v his_o daughter_n to_o wife_n and_o propose_v to_o lodge_v the_o authority_n in_o the_o city_n with_o he_o during_o his_o expedition_n with_o the_o army_n abroad_o have_v compass_v these_o thing_n and_o observe_v the_o old_a mercenary_a soldier_n to_o have_v lose_v their_o discipline_n to_o be_v quite_o spoil_v with_o idleness_n and_o debauchery_n and_o to_o be_v over_o and_o above_o not_o very_a well_o affect_v to_o he_o but_o be_v bandy_n and_o meditate_v some_o new_a commotion_n he_o therefore_o 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and_o security_n and_o observe_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v grow_v inrolent_a by_o their_o late_a success_n and_o that_o they_o make_v inroad_n and_o spoil_v the_o neighbour_a country_n he_o march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n with_o his_o new_a army_n which_o he_o have_v now_o well_o discipline_v and_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o plain_n of_o mylaeus_n near_o the_o river_n longanus_n he_o obtain_v a_o entire_a victory_n rout_v their_o army_n and_o take_v their_o principal_a officer_n prisoner_n by_o which_o success_n they_o be_v so_o humble_v that_o they_o lose_v all_o courage_n for_o the_o future_a have_v perform_v these_o thing_n against_o the_o barbarian_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n to_o syracuse_n where_o he_o be_v proclaim_v king_n by_o the_o soldier_n as_o to_o the_o mamertine_n they_o be_v now_o deprive_v of_o their_o wont_a succour_n from_o rhegium_n and_o their_o own_o strength_n be_v great_o diminish_v by_o their_o late_a loss_n one_o party_n apply_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o deliver_v the_o citadel_n into_o their_o hand_n another_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n pray_v their_o assistance_n and_o offer_v they_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o city_n implore_v their_o protection_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o alliance_n and_o common_a original_a the_o roman_n be_v long_o debate_v what_o to_o determine_v herein_o nor_o indeed_o can_v they_o honest_o resolve_v to_o assist_v they_o it_o be_v apparent_a how_o great_a a_o blemish_n it_o will_v be_v to_o their_o honour_n who_o while_o they_o animadvert_v on_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o own_o citizen_n at_o rhegium_n shall_v be_v find_v abet_v and_o support_v the_o mamertine_n eminent_o guilty_a of_o the_o like_a crime_n but_o they_o see_v too_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v not_o only_o subdue_v africa_n but_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o many_o place_n in_o spain_n and_o that_o sardinia_n and_o all_o the_o adjacent_a island_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n be_v already_o in_o their_o possession_n these_o reflection_n be_v weigh_v with_o apprehension_n enough_o for_o the_o roman_n already_o look_v on_o the_o carthaginian_a neighbourhood_n with_o a_o eye_n of_o jealousy_n be_v as_o it_o be_v now_o surround_v by_o they_o and_o know_v that_o they_o have_v design_n on_o italy_n itself_o they_o foresee_v how_o formidable_a they_o will_v grow_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o all_o sicily_n to_o their_o state_n and_o perceive_v too_o that_o this_o island_n unless_o they_o interpose_v to_o prevent_v it_o by_o assist_v the_o mamertine_n will_v certain_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n for_o messina_n will_v soon_o be_v they_o and_o syracuse_n will_v not_o then_o be_v long_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o the_o territory_n of_o which_o two_o place_n contain_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o island_n all_o this_o they_o clear_o understand_v and_o know_v it_o will_v not_o be_v fafe_a for_o they_o to_o abandon_v those_o of_o messina_n and_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o be_v master_n of_o a_o post_n that_o may_v prove_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bridge_n to_o conduct_v they_o into_o italy_n these_o point_n be_v long_o and_o solemn_o debate_v and_o yet_o the_o senate_n can_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o determine_v without_o mighty_a difficulty_n foresee_v that_o the_o reproach_n in_o assist_v the_o mamertine_n will_v be_v great_a than_o the_o benefit_n but_o the_o people_n who_o have_v be_v great_o impoverish_v by_o their_o late_a war_n and_o each_o man_n propound_v to_o himself_o some_o way_n or_o other_o to_o repair_v his_o own_o particular_a damage_n decree_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o enterprise_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o those_o who_o be_v to_o have_v command_n of_o the_o army_n manifest_v how_o profitable_a a_o undertake_n it_o will_v be_v both_o for_o the_o state_n in_o general_n and_o each_o man_n in_o particular_a the_o decree_n therefore_o pass_v and_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o the_o people_n and_o appius_n claudius_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n be_v order_v to_o conduct_v a_o army_n forthwith_o into_o sicily_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o messina_n to_o he_o the_o mamertine_n deliver_v up_o the_o city_n after_o either_o by_o art_n or_o force_n they_o have_v get_v rid_v of_o the_o carthaginian_a officer_n who_o command_v in_o the_o citadel_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n suspect_v treachery_n or_o cowardice_n order_v the_o say_a governor_n to_o be_v crucify_a at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o direct_v their_o fleet_n to_o make_v towards_o pelorus_n and_o encamp_v with_o their_o land-army_n near_o a_o town_n call_v senes_fw-la and_o besiege_v messina_n with_o all_o their_o force_n hieron_n conceive_v he_o see_v now_o a_o fair_a prospect_n of_o exterminate_v the_o barbarian_n possessor_n of_o messina_n out_o of_o sicily_n enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o forthwith_o march_v with_o a_o army_n from_o syracuse_n towards_o messina_n and_o encamp_v along_o the_o mountain_n chalcidicus_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o correspondence_n with_o the_o besiege_v on_o that_o side_n but_o appius_n claudius_n with_o unspeakable_a bravery_n pass_v the_o straight_a by_o night_n get_v at_o length_n into_o messina_n howbeit_o perceive_v the_o besieger_n resolute_a and_o the_o town_n strait_o press_v on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o army_n superior_a by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o apprehend_v both_o danger_n and_o dishonour_n in_o the_o enterprise_n he_o dispatch_v ambassador_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o hieron_n to_o treat_v about_o a_o accommodation_n and_o obtain_v peace_n for_o the_o mamertine_n but_o the_o negotiation_n not_o take_v effect_n and_o find_v there_o be_v now_o no_o remedy_n but_o fight_v he_o resolve_v first_o to_o attack_v the_o syracusian_n according_o he_o march_v out_o against_o hieron_n who_o oppose_v he_o with_o great_a readiness_n and_o gallantry_n but_o after_o a_o long_a and_o very_a sharp_a conflict_n the_o roman_n have_v the_o day_n beat_v
behave_v themselves_o brave_o and_o short_o after_o they_o march_v to_o find_v the_o enemy_n their_o force_n consist_v of_o twelve_o thousand_o foot_n and_o four_o thousand_o horse_n and_o about_o a_o hundred_o elephant_n the_o roman_n be_v a_o little_a surprise_v at_o the_o novelty_n to_o see_v their_o enemy_n thus_o to_o change_v their_o manner_n of_o proceed_v by_o march_v down_o and_o encamp_v in_o the_o plain_a country_n but_o be_v assure_v of_o the_o event_n they_o march_v towards_o they_o with_o all_o expedition_n and_o encamp_v within_o twelve_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o pace_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n who_o the_o next_o morning_n hold_v a_o council_n of_o war_n how_o they_o shall_v proceed_v while_o the_o soldier_n assemble_v in_o great_a number_n and_o proclaim_v everywhere_o the_o name_n of_o xantippus_n demand_v with_o great_a earnestness_n to_o be_v lead_v against_o the_o enemy_n the_o officer_n observe_v this_o their_o willingness_n and_o be_v urge_v and_o conjure_v 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which_o out-winged_a they_o to_o surround_v and_o attack_v they_o in_o the_o flank_n and_o the_o roman_n after_o clash_v their_o arm_n and_o give_v a_o shout_n as_o their_o manner_n be_v begin_v the_o battle_n but_o their_o horse_n perceive_v themselves_o out-numbred_n by_o those_o of_o the_o enemy_n soon_o abandon_v their_o post_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o foot_n in_o the_o left-point_n of_o their_o battle_n partly_o out_o of_o fear_n of_o the_o elephant_n and_o partly_o believe_v they_o shall_v find_v less_o to_o do_v against_o the_o mercenary_n attack_v they_o on_o the_o right_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n pursue_v they_o to_o their_o retrenchment_n but_o it_o fare_v otherwise_o with_o those_o who_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o elephant_n they_o be_v disorder_v by_o those_o animal_n break_a kill_v and_o tread_v under_o foot_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o body_n of_o that_o battalian_a by_o reason_n of_o its_o great_a depth_n and_o firm_a order_n be_v not_o present_o shake_v 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flight_n fall_v with_o he_o alive_a into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v kill_v about_o eight_o hundred_o most_o of_o they_o mercenary_n who_o be_v oppose_v to_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o roman_n 〈◊〉_d who_o army_n there_o do_v not_o escape_v above_o two_o thousand_o and_o those_o be_v of_o the_o party_n thâ—â—_n break_v and_o pursue_v the_o carthaginian_n whâ—â—_n the_o battle_n first_o begin_v as_o be_v observe_v thâ—â—_n rest_n be_v all_o slay_v save_v the_o consul_n m._n aâ—lius_n regulus_n and_o those_o take_v with_o he_o a_o the_o cohort_n that_o remain_v escape_v as_o by_o miracle_n to_o aspis_n as_o for_o the_o carthaginian_n 〈◊〉_d soon_o as_o they_o have_v pillage_v the_o dead_a thâ—â—â—arched_v back_o to_o their_o city_n full_a of_o glory_n anâ—_n triumph_n lead_v the_o consul_n with_o they_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prisoner_n certain_o whosoever_o weigh_v with_o judgement_n the_o success_n of_o this_o adventure_n may_v collect_v matter_n 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despair_a commonwealth_n and_o restore_v courage_n to_o a_o beat_a and_o spiritless_a army_n grow_v stupid_a by_o their_o misfortune_n let_v it_o not_o therefore_o be_v think_v superfluous_a that_o we_o add_v these_o our_o reflection_n while_o those_o who_o shall_v read_v what_o we_o have_v write_v may_v chance_v to_o be_v edify_v and_o improve_v their_o mind_n in_o that_o laudable_a virtue_n of_o moderation_n for_o as_o there_o be_v two_o way_n to_o correct_v man_n manner_n namely_o by_o their_o own_o misfortune_n and_o the_o example_n of_o those_o of_o other_o so_o though_o the_o one_o be_v more_o sensible_a the_o other_o be_v more_o safe_a it_o be_v therefore_o the_o wise_a way_n by_o shun_v the_o peril_n and_o difficulty_n of_o the_o one_o when_o without_o toil_n or_o hazard_n we_o may_v safe_o contemplate_v the_o other_o and_o take_v out_o lesson_n for_o our_o instruction_n at_o other_o man_n experience_n so_o that_o in_o sum_n it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o there_o be_v no_o doctrine_n or_o method_n more_o likely_a to_o improve_v we_o in_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o life_n than_o the_o experience_n we_o may_v extract_v from_o the_o study_n of_o history_n which_o fair_o and_o candid_o report_v to_o we_o the_o transaction_n of_o time_n past_a for_o by_o this_o mean_n alone_o it_o be_v that_o we_o attain_v wisdom_n and_o experience_n for_o the_o bare_a ask_n which_o at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o event_n will_v be_v find_v most_o preferable_a but_o so_o much_o by_o way_n of_o refiection_n the_o carthaginian_n who_o affair_n have_v prosper_v to_o their_o wish_n express_v their_o joy_n with_o all_o possible_a piety_n towards_o the_o god_n and_o mutual_a congratulation_n and_o festival_n among_o themselves_o as_o to_o xantippus_n who_o have_v so_o happy_a a_o share_n in_o the_o advancement_n and_o prosperity_n of_o their_o affair_n he_o short_o after_o a_o admirable_a
great_a spoil_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o people_n observe_v there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o the_o molestation_n the_o roman_n give_v they_o determine_v at_o length_n to_o put_v all_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n according_o have_v assemble_v and_o rendezvous'd_v all_o their_o troop_n in_o one_o certain_a place_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o treasure_n jewel_n and_o gold_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n and_o by_o they_o call_v immovables_n with_o which_o they_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o need_v to_o further_a their_o design_n and_o be_v now_o well_o provide_v they_o march_v cheerful_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o encamp_v in_o their_o view_n with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_n men._n the_o roman_n plain_o see_v the_o enemy_n much_o exceed_v they_o in_o number_n and_o be_v therefore_o think_v to_o reinforce_v their_o army_n by_o a_o addition_n of_o those_o gaul_n who_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o they_o 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be_v do_v they_o prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n the_o soldier_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n by_o the_o address_n and_o skill_n they_o show_v in_o this_o battle_n have_v be_v instruct_v it_o seem_v how_o they_o be_v to_o behave_v themselves_o single_o or_o in_o a_o body_n for_o the_o tribune_n have_v remark_v in_o their_o former_a conflict_n that_o the_o gaul_n be_v not_o formidable_a but_o in_o the_o ardour_n of_o the_o first_o attack_v that_o their_o sword_n be_v of_o such_o a_o fashion_n and_o temper_n that_o they_o can_v give_v but_o one_o good_a out_o or_o two_o and_o then_o they_o will_v stand_v bend_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o time_n to_o straighten_v they_o with_o their_o foot_n on_o the_o ground_n they_o become_v of_o no_o more_o use_n wherefore_o the_o tribune_n distribute_v among_o the_o first_o cohort_n the_o javelin_n use_v by_o the_o triarian_o who_o be_v those_o that_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n rank_n command_v the_o soldier_n first_o to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o arm_n and_o then_o to_o draw_v their_o sword_n and_o now_o when_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v they_o attack_v the_o gaul_n as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v who_o sword_n by_o the_o first_o stroke_n on_o the_o roman_a javelin_n become_v bend_v and_o useless_a then_o the_o roman_n advance_v near_o with_o their_o sword_n get_v so_o within_o they_o that_o they_o have_v not_o room_n to_o lift_v their_o arm_n to_o take_v a_o cut_a stroke_n which_o be_v their_o manner_n of_o fight_v who_o sword_n have_v no_o point_n while_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o contrary_a be_v fashion_v for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v redouble_v the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o they_o cut_v and_o pierce_v the_o gaul_n in_o the_o face_n and_o breast_n and_o make_v a_o terrible_a slaughter_n among_o they_o thus_o the_o gaul_n be_v beat_v and_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o day_n principal_o attribute_v to_o the_o prudence_n and_o ability_n of_o the_o tribune_n for_o the_o consul_n flaminius_n be_v to_o seek_v and_o have_v not_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n who_o draw_v up_o near_o the_o river_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v deprive_v of_o one_o great_a benefit_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o battle_n leave_v they_o not_o space_n enough_o betwixt_o their_o rear_n and_o the_o river_n to_o retire_v when_o occasion_n shall_v make_v it_o necessary_a so_o that_o if_o during_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_n have_v be_v press_v never_o so_o little_a they_o have_v not_o whither_o to_o retire_v but_o into_o the_o river_n so_o great_a a_o oversight_n be_v the_o consul_n guilty_a of_o in_o that_o occasion_n but_o so_o it_o happen_v as_o we_o have_v relate_v that_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o resolution_n get_v a_o signal_n victory_n return_v to_o rome_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o glory_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o gaul_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o peace_n on_o whatsoever_o condition_n they_o shall_v please_v to_o grant_v it_o but_o the_o consul_n m._n claudius_n and_o cn._n cornelius_n will_v not_o yield_v to_o treat_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o resolve_v to_o make_v their_o last_o effort_n and_o put_v it_o once_o again_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o war._n they_o therefore_o dispatch_v order_n for_o levy_v of_o man_n among_o the_o goesatae_n who_o inhabit_v about_o the_o rhone_n of_o which_o people_n have_v take_v thirty_o thousand_o into_o their_o pay_n they_o continue_v in_o arm_n in_o expectation_n of_o the_o enemy_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n the_o consul_n lead_v their_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o acerras_n situate_v between_o the_o po_n and_o the_o alps_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o insubrian_o be_v willing_a to_o do_v their_o best_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o know_v no_o way_n how_o to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a the_o enemy_n be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o 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be_v incline_v to_o accompany_v he_o in_o his_o voyage_n to_o spain_n to_o which_o he_o joyful_o reply_v that_o he_o will_v go_v most_o willing_o and_o after_o he_o have_v beseech_v he_o with_o all_o the_o move_a reason_n which_o a_o child_n be_v capable_a to_o urge_v that_o he_o will_v take_v he_o with_o he_o his_o father_n then_o take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n lead_v he_o to_o the_o altar_n where_o he_o make_v he_o swear_v on_o the_o same_o altar_n that_o he_o will_v never_o be_v in_o friendship_n with_o the_o roman_n wherefore_o he_o beseech_v antiochus_n to_o rest_v assure_v that_o he_o can_v never_o change_v his_o sentiment_n towards_o that_o people_n and_o that_o if_o he_o have_v determine_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o that_o he_o will_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o rely_v on_o his_o secrecy_n and_o fidelity_n and_o that_o he_o will_v serve_v he_o with_o joy_n and_o sincerity_n but_o that_o if_o he_o shall_v enter_v into_o term_n of_o friendship_n and_o alliance_n with_o the_o 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and_o direct_v those_o who_o best_o understand_v that_o affair_n to_o take_v care_n for_o the_o transport_v the_o elephant_n while_o he_o assemble_v the_o army_n where_o he_o produce_v magilus_n who_o be_v come_v to_o visit_v he_o from_o the_o country_n that_o lie_v about_o the_o po_n accompany_v with_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o gaul_n make_v know_v to_o they_o by_o a_o interpreter_n the_o resolution_n that_o people_n have_v take_v but_o what_o most_o animate_v the_o soldier_n be_v the_o present_n which_o those_o prince_n have_v bring_v with_o they_o the_o tender_a of_o their_o service_n and_o offer_v to_o engage_v with_o they_o as_o their_o companion_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n in_o short_a after_o magilus_n have_v assure_v they_o he_o will_v be_v their_o conductor_n through_o all_o those_o passage_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o march_v and_o that_o they_o shall_v short_o arrive_v in_o safety_n in_o italy_n and_o want_v for_o nothing_o in_o their_o journey_n they_o 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retire_v to_o their_o repose_n and_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o march_v for_o that_o he_o determine_v to_o decamp_v the_o next_o day_n so_o they_o depart_v the_o assembly_n be_v no_o soon_o dismiss_v when_o the_o numidian_n return_v who_o have_v be_v send_v abroad_o to_o discover_v of_o who_o a_o great_a part_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o those_o who_o escape_v have_v save_v themselves_o by_o slight_a for_o have_v encounter_v it_o seem_v not_o far_o from_o the_o camp_n with_o certain_a horseman_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o publius_n have_v send_v abroad_o on_o the_o same_o errand_n they_o have_v engage_v so_o rough_o that_o on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o gaul_n a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o be_v kill_v on_o the_o spot_n and_o of_o the_o numidian_n above_o two_o hundred_o the_o roman_n pursue_v the_o rest_n to_o their_o camp_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o get_v knowledge_n of_o what_o have_v pass_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o so_o retire_v to_o their_o own_o army_n 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foot_n long_o each_o and_o be_v place_v point_v out_o into_o the_o river_n their_o inmost_a end_n rest_v on_o the_o bank_n and_o all_o well_o unite_v together_o then_o they_o fasten_v other_o to_o the_o end_n of_o those_o reach_v yet_o far_o out_o into_o the_o river_n these_o machine_n so_o frame_v resemble_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o bridge_n be_v well_o sustain_v and_o fasten_v with_o cordage_n on_o all_o part_n and_o defend_v from_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n they_o moor_v or_o fasten_v this_o platform_n to_o the_o tree_n which_o grow_v on_o the_o bank_n whereof_o there_o be_v good_a store_n after_o have_v enlarge_v and_o run_v out_o this_o work_n to_o about_o two_o hundred_o foot_n in_o length_n they_o join_v to_o the_o end_n thereof_o two_o other_o large_a substantial_a float_v well_o fasten_v together_o which_o they_o so_o join_v to_o the_o sixed_a platform_n with_o rope_n as_o to_o be_v able_a easy_o to_o disjoin_v they_o from_o the_o other_o to_o these_o movable_n float_v they_o fasten_v rope_n whereby_o to_o tow_v and_o draw_v they_o with_o boat_n appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n to_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n and_o to_o hold_v they_o up_o against_o the_o current_n that_o it_o may_v not_o drive_v down_o the_o stream_n when_o the_o machine_n shall_v be_v loosen_v from_o the_o fix_a stage_n then_o they_o cover_v the_o surface_n of_o it_o with_o earth_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v firm_a ground_n like_o that_o on_o the_o bank_n for_o the_o elephant_n be_v teach_v a_o exact_a obedience_n to_o their_o governor_n and_o be_v so_o in_o all_o thing_n pass_v over_o the_o water_n only_o except_v whereof_o they_o stand_v in_o great_a fear_n wherefore_o the_o better_a to_o prevail_v on_o the_o rest_n they_o lead_v two_o gentle_a female_a elephant_n foremost_a the_o other_o follow_v they_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o outermost_a movable_n float_v they_o then_o untie_v the_o rope_n by_o which_o they_o be_v fasten_v and_o tow_v the_o say_v float_v with_o the_o cargo_n of_o elephant_n to_o the_o other_o side_n the_o beast_n be_v terrify_v at_o first_o and_o run_v from_o one_o side_n to_o the_o other_o of_o the_o float_v but_o behold_v nothing_o but_o water_n on_o all_o side_n their_o sear_n then_o keep_v they_o in_o order_n thus_o by_o several_a voyage_n they_o waft_v over_o all_o their_o elephant_n some_o few_o except_v which_o leap_v through_o fear_n into_o the_o water_n when_o they_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o stream_n but_o these_o be_v likewise_o preserve_v though_o their_o guide_n perish_v for_o by_o the_o help_n of_o their_o great_a trunk_n which_o they_o hold_v above_o water_n they_o thereby_o discharge_v their_o stomach_n of_o the_o water_n they_o have_v take_v in_o and_o breathe_v with_o freedom_n by_o this_o artifice_n they_o transport_v their_o elephant_n to_o the_o other_o side_n the_o river_n and_o now_o hannibal_n post_v his_o horse_n and_o his_o elephant_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n continue_v his_o march_n down_o the_o stream_n towards_o the_o east_n the_o source_n or_o head_n of_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr be_v situate_v far_o up_o in_o the_o country_n above_o the_o gulf_n of_o the_o adriatick-sea_n towards_o the_o west_n in_o those_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n which_o regard_n the_o north_n tend_v in_o its_o passage_n towards_o the_o south-west_n and_o discharge_v itself_o into_o the_o sardinian-sea_n in_o short_a this_o river_n for_o the_o most_o part_n make_v its_o passage_n through_o a_o champaign_n country_n environ_v on_o both_o side_n with_o mountain_n who_o north-side_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o gauls-ardienses_a the_o other_o be_v bound_v by_o the_o north-side_n of_o the_o alps_n that_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n which_o run_v from_o marseilles_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o adriatic_a separate_v the_o plain_a country_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o po_n whereof_o we_o have_v
there_o be_v often_o sound_a in_o such_o plain_n rise_v ground_n and_o eminence_n sit_v to_o cover_v and_o conceal_v man_n nor_o be_v there_o hardly_o any_o river_n or_o brook_n so_o small_a that_o have_v not_o some_o kind_n of_o selter_n on_o the_o bank_n that_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n cover_v too_o with_o shrub_n and_o bramble_n and_o the_o like_a under-wood_n where_o foot_n may_v be_v very_o easy_o conceal_v and_o even_o horse_n also_o with_o a_o little_a care_n by_o ground_v their_o arm_n which_o be_v otherwise_o discover_v at_o a_o distance_n after_o hannibal_n then_o have_v hold_v a_o council_n of_o war_n where_o his_o brother_n mago_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o principal_a officer_n be_v present_a to_o deliberate_v about_o the_o battle_n which_o they_o expect_v will_v be_v speedy_o seek_v where_o they_o all_o approve_v of_o what_o he_o have_v therein_o propose_v and_o while_o the_o army_n refresh_v themselves_o he_o take_v his_o brother_n to_o confer_v with_o apart_o who_o be_v a_o gallant_a young_a man_n and_o train_v from_o his_o childhood_n to_o arm_n to_o who_o he_o first_o appoint_v a_o hundred_o choose_a horse_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o select_a foot_n for_o his_o guard_n then_o he_o order_v he_o before_o it_o be_v dark_a to_o pick_v out_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o the_o brave_a man_n he_o can_v find_v in_o the_o whole_a army_n who_o he_o shall_v direct_v to_o assemble_v and_o attend_v at_o his_o tent_n after_o supper_n for_o further_a order_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v they_o appear_v where_o after_o he_o have_v exhort_v they_o to_o the_o well-performance_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o observe_v their_o cheerful_a behaviour_n he_o command_v they_o to_o sort_n themselves_o by_o two_o and_o two_o each_o one_o to_o choose_v for_o his_o companion_n the_o man_n he_o best_o love_v and_o most_o trust_v these_o he_o command_v to_o draw_v together_o and_o assemble_v in_o a_o certain_a place_n he_o appoint_v in_o the_o camp_n after_o these_o order_n be_v execute_v hannibal_n out_o of_o these_o draw_v out_o a_o thousand_o horse_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o foot_n with_o instruction_n to_o mago_n how_o to_o put_v his_o order_n in_o execution_n and_o then_o privy_o dispatch_v they_o away_o during_o the_o night_n accompany_v with_o proper_a guide_n to_o the_o place_n of_o ambush_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n hannibal_n assemble_v all_o his_o numidian_n a_o hardy_a and_o indesatigable_a people_n these_o after_o he_o have_v well_o encourage_v and_o fair_o promise_v to_o each_o one_o reward_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o merit_n he_o command_v to_o march_v out_o and_o brave_a the_o enemy_n in_o the_o camp_n with_o direction_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v draw_v out_o to_o engage_v they_o and_o they_o have_v begin_v to_o pickeer_n that_o they_o shall_v then_o retire_v back_o over_o the_o river_n his_o design_n be_v lay_v to_o surprise_v the_o roman_n into_o a_o battle_n fast_v and_o not_o so_o well_o prepare_v for_o the_o business_n as_o they_o ought_v then_o he_o direct_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n after_o his_o usual_a exhortation_n to_o take_v a_o good_a repast_n and_o be_v ready_a under_o their_o arm_n and_o with_o their_o horse_n ready_a to_o march_v sempronius_z the_o next_o morning_n no_o soon_o see_v the_o numidian_n approach_v when_o he_o command_v out_o the_o roman_a horse_n with_o order_n to_o attack_v they_o to_o sustain_v these_o he_o order_v out_o six_o thousand_o darter_n and_o at_o length_n march_v the_o whole_a army_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n for_o he_o have_v conceive_v such_o a_o assurance_n in_o the_o number_n he_o have_v and_o be_v become_v so_o bold_a by_o his_o late_a success_n that_o he_o reckon_v the_o show_n only_o of_o such_o a_o body_n of_o man_n will_v go_v far_o towards_o a_o victory_n and_o now_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o as_o the_o winter_n be_v not_o yet_o quite_o past_a so_o the_o day_n be_v snowy_a and_o very_a cold_a furthermore_o the_o roman_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n have_v be_v make_v to_o march_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n most_o of_o they_o fast_v insomuch_o as_o the_o same_o army_n that_o take_v the_o field_n so_o forward_o begin_v soon_o to_o shrink_v for_o when_o they_o come_v to_o ford_n the_o river_n which_o be_v much_o swell_v with_o the_o rain_n of_o the_o night_n before_o the_o water_n be_v breast-high_a so_o that_o the_o roman_n thus_o contend_v at_o once_o with_o hunger_n and_o cold_a for_o the_o day_n be_v now_o well_o advance_v begin_v to_o sink_v in_o their_o courage_n and_o abate_v in_o their_o strength_n while_o the_o carthaginian_n on_o the_o contrary_n have_v take_v a_o plentiful_a repast_n in_o their_o tent_n and_o be_v well_o fortify_v with_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o have_v anoint_v their_o body_n before_o they_o put_v on_o their_o arms._n hannibal_n who_o have_v long_o wait_v the_o occasion_n see_v the_o enemy_n now_o over_o the_o river_n order_v the_o baleares_n to_o advance_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o thousand_o man_n to_o sustain_v they_o and_o have_v march_v about_o a_o mile_n from_o his_o camp_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o battalion_n his_o line_n of_o foot_n consist_v of_o spaniard_n gaul_n and_o african_n amount_v to_o about_o twenty_o thousand_o his_o horse_n which_o he_o place_v on_o the_o wing_n to_o above_o ten_o thousand_o comprehend_v those_o which_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o gaul_n his_o confederate_n his_o elephant_n he_o place_v advance_v before_o the_o two_o point_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n sempronius_n order_v a_o retreat_n to_o be_v found_v to_o draw_v off_o his_o horse_n who_o be_v total_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o against_o this_o new_a enemy_n with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o do_v for_o they_o engage_v against_o numidian_n who_o way_n be_v to_o retreat_v in_o haste_n and_o to_o break_v and_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o to_o rally_v again_o with_o ease_n and_o return_v bold_o to_o the_o charge_n when_o they_o be_v least_o expect_v which_o be_v the_o numidian_a manner_n of_o sight_v as_o to_o the_o foot_n tiberius_n have_v draw_v they_o up_o after_o the_o roman_a order_n there_o march_v in_o this_o expedition_n sixteen_o thousand_o roman_a foot_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o the_o ally_n for_o when_o ever_o their_o army_n represent_v as_o one_o may_v say_v the_o body_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o that_o both_o the_o consul_n join_v their_o troop_n on_o any_o press_a occasion_n the_o roman_a army_n consist_v of_o that_o number_n in_o short_a sempromus_n post_v his_o horse_n on_o the_o wing_n amount_v to_o about_o four_o thousand_o and_o with_o a_o proud_a port_n and_o slow_a motion_n advance_v in_o good_a order_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o two_o army_n now_o draw_v near_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n who_o be_v advance_v a_o good_a distance_n before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n begin_v the_o fight_n it_o be_v visible_a from_o 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now_o rise_a and_o fall_v unlooked_a for_o on_o the_o back_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v get_v beyond_o they_o put_v they_o into_o great_a disorder_n and_o those_o on_o the_o two_o point_n of_o the_o roman_a battle_n find_v themselves_o press_v in_o front_n by_o the_o elephant_n and_o in_o flank_n by_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n no_o long_o able_a to_o sustain_v it_o forsake_v their_o ground_n and_o fly_v be_v pursue_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o the_o river_n in_o a_o word_n the_o numidian_a ambush_n come_v to_o charge_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o roman_a battle_n slay_v many_o of_o they_o while_o those_o in_o the_o first_o rank_n animate_v by_o necessity_n charge_v the_o gaul_n and_o some_o african_n with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o great_a resolution_n and_o kill_v many_o break_v the_o carthaginian_a battalion_n nevertheless_o when_o they_o behold_v the_o two_o point_n naked_a and_o defeat_v be_v now_o without_o hope_n of_o succour_v they_o or_o of_o be_v able_a to_o 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and_o there_o after_o the_o battle_n secure_v themselves_o in_o the_o neighbour_a town_n and_o that_o they_o have_v no_o subsistence_n but_o what_o be_v convey_v to_o they_o by_o water_n up_o the_o po_n they_o than_o become_v better_o instruct_v how_o to_o reckon_v of_o the_o issue_n of_o that_o battle_n nevertheless_o though_o their_o affair_n have_v so_o ill_o succeed_v contrary_a to_o the_o expectation_n of_o all_o the_o world_n they_o proceed_v to_o new_a preparation_n for_o the_o war_n they_o consult_v how_o to_o secure_v such_o place_n as_o be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o determine_v to_o dispatch_v force_n into_o sardinia_n and_o sicily_n and_o supply_v tarentum_n and_o other_o proper_a place_n with_o good_a garrison_n furthermore_o they_o equip_v and_o send_v to_o sea_n a_o fleet_n of_o sixty_o ship_n cn._n servilius_n and_o c._n flaminius_n also_o who_o be_v the_o new_a consul_n raise_v levy_n among_o their_o ally_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o victual_n which_o they_o send_v to_o rimini_n and_o into_o tuscany_n with_o show_n of_o purpose_v to_o send_v troop_n into_o those_o part_n they_o likewise_o demand_v supply_n of_o hieron_n who_o send_v they_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n and_o a_o thousand_o bucklerman_n thus_o with_o mighty_a providence_n they_o proceed_v in_o all_o necessary_a preparation_n and_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v of_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o be_v every_o way_n a_o terrible_a enemy_n even_o when_o they_o be_v most_o terrify_v and_o menace_v with_o danger_n during_o these_o transaction_n in_o italy_n cn._n cornelius_n scipio_n to_o who_o his_o brother_n have_v give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o naval_a army_n as_o we_o have_v elsewhere_o note_v land_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o spain_n somewhere_o not_o far_o from_o the_o empory_n where_o show_v his_o army_n he_o coast_v along_o as_o far_o as_o the_o eber_n reduce_v such_o by_o force_n as_o make_v resistance_n and_o receive_v with_o singular_a humanity_n into_o his_o protection_n such_o as_o voluntary_o come_v in_o and_o take_v care_n above_o all_o thing_n that_o the_o army_n offer_v violence_n to_o none_o and_o after_o he_o have_v secure_v by_o good_a garrison_n such_o place_n as_o he_o have_v bring_v under_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o march_v further_o up_o into_o the_o country_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n have_v be_v reinforce_v with_o new_a auxiliary_n which_o he_o levy_v among_o the_o spaniard_n take_v in_o all_o place_n by_o force_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n of_o his_o march_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hanno_n who_o command_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o part_n observe_v the_o progress_n scipio_n make_v present_o march_v his_o army_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v close_o by_o he_o not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n of_o cissa_n whereupon_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v beat_v the_o roman_n take_v very_o much_o plunder_n those_o who_o have_v march_v with_o hannibal_n have_v as_o we_o note_v leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o substance_n in_o their_o keep_n he_o make_v alliance_n also_o offensive_a and_o defensive_a with_o all_o those_o on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n eber._n hanno_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n be_v take_v prisoner_n together_o with_o indibilis_n the_o spaniard_n who_o have_v usurp_v kingly_a authority_n over_o those_o who_o inhabit_v the_o inland_n country_n and_o have_v preserve_v a_o particular_a and_o fast_a affection_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n as_o soon_o as_o asdrubal_n have_v notice_n of_o this_o adventure_n he_o pass_v the_o eber_n to_o come_v to_o the_o succour_n of_o his_o party_n but_o in_o the_o interim_n receive_v advice_n that_o the_o roman_a seaman_n belong_v to_o the_o fleet_n behave_v themselves_o negligent_o be_v grow_v careless_a and_o presumptuous_a on_o the_o success_n of_o their_o land-force_n he_o march_v first_o against_o they_o take_v with_o he_o eight_o thousand_o of_o his_o best_a foot_n and_o a_o thousand_o horse_n and_o find_v the_o roman_n disperse_v and_o scatter_v about_o the_o country_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o kill_v the_o great_a part_n and_o pursue_v the_o rest_n to_o their_o fleet._n but_o he_o attempt_v nothing_o further_o but_o march_v back_o the_o way_n he_o come_v and_o repass_v the_o eber_n remain_v the_o winter_n at_o new-carthage_n where_o he_o make_v all_o necessary_a provision_n to_o sustain_v the_o war_n and_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o town_n on_o that_o side_n the_o river_n as_o to_o cn._n scipio_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v come_v back_o to_o the_o fleet_n he_o there_o animadvert_v on_o those_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a law_n of_o discipline_n who_o he_o find_v have_v be_v guilty_a of_o the_o occasion_n of_o that_o defeat_n and_o after_o he_o have_v draw_v together_o and_o embody_v all_o his_o force_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o march_v and_o keep_v his_o winter-quarter_n at_o tarracona_n he_o divide_v the_o booty_n that_o have_v be_v take_v among_o the_o soldier_n by_o which_o he_o great_o gain_v their_o goodwill_n and_o establish_v in_o they_o a_o more_o cheerful_a disposition_n of_o obedience_n to_o such_o future_a order_n as_o the_o service_n shall_v make_v necessary_a thus_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o state_n of_o affair_n at_o that_o time_n in_o spain_n early_o the_o follow_a spring_n cn._n flaminius_n lead_v the_o legion_n through_o tuscany_n and_o come_v to_o arezzo_n where_o he_o encamp_v but_o cn._n servilius_n march_v to_o rimini_n to_o do_v his_o best_a to_o shut_v up_o the_o enemy_n passage_n that_o way_n as_o to_o hannibal_n he_o hold_v his_o winter-quarter_n in_o the_o cisalpine_a gaul_n where_o he_o use_v his_o roman_a prisoner_n with_o great_a rigour_n for_o over_o and_o above_o their_o be_v under_o severe_a restraint_n their_o sustenance_n be_v dispense_v to_o they_o very_o parcimonious_o while_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n their_o
party_n of_o two_o and_o three_o hundred_o in_o a_o division_n according_a to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v to_o lodge_v and_o to_o be_v so_o dispose_v that_o the_o enemy_n forager_n may_v not_o discover_v they_o this_o do_v he_o order_v his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o march_v and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o ground_n we_o mention_v whereupon_o minutius_n who_o conclude_v the_o enemy_n have_v give_v he_o a_o new_a occasion_n of_o victory_n order_n out_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o attack_v they_o and_o after_o these_o his_o horse_n while_o he_o himself_o follow_v with_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n in_o battalion_n keep_v their_o order_n the_o sun_n be_v now_o rise_v and_o while_o every_o body_n eye_n be_v fix_v on_o the_o place_n of_o action_n hannibal_n ambush_n rise_v and_o advance_v by_o degree_n unobserved_a by_o the_o roman_n while_o hannibal_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o be_v not_o slack_a to_o send_v succour_n constant_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o at_o length_n advance_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n the_o horse_n on_o both_o side_n come_v soon_o to_o engage_v whereupon_o the_o light-armed_a roman_n not_o be_v a_o match_n for_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n be_v beat_v and_o retreat_v to_o their_o body_n put_v they_o in_o great_a disorder_n hitherto_o the_o ambush_n remain_v expect_v the_o signal_n to_o fall_v on_o which_o be_v now_o give_v they_o come_v bold_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o attack_v the_o roman_n on_o all_o side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o gross_a as_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n so_o that_o the_o dispute_n be_v very_o warm_a and_o bloody_a and_o now_o fabius_n who_o see_v how_o thing_n go_v and_o fear_v lest_o minutius_n and_o his_o army_n shall_v be_v lose_v march_v out_o of_o his_o work_n and_o come_v in_o to_o his_o relief_n who_o be_v at_o his_o last_o stake_n whereupon_o the_o roman_n who_o before_o be_v break_v and_o disorder_v observe_v his_o approach_n take_v heart_n and_o rally_v about_o their_o ensign_n and_o make_v a_o stand_n after_o their_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o their_o light-armed_a man_n and_o more_o of_o the_o best_a and_o brave_a of_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n upon_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o fresh_a legion_n that_o advance_v to_o the_o relief_n bold_o and_o in_o firm_a order_n hannibal_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o found_v a_o retreat_n and_o command_v his_o people_n from_o the_o pursuit_n and_o now_o all_o man_n just_o judge_v who_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o this_o action_n and_o in_o a_o word_n conclude_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v beat_v by_o the_o rashness_n of_o minutius_n and_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v at_o this_o time_n and_o always_o heretofore_o preserve_v and_o rescue_v through_o the_o wise_a and_o slow_a temper_n of_o fabius_n and_o they_o be_v soon_o satisfy_v in_o rome_n of_o the_o wide_a disserence_n there_o be_v between_o the_o prudence_n of_o a_o good_a general_n of_o a_o army_n and_o a_o rash_a hotheaded_a soldier_n wherefore_o the_o roman_n now_o teach_v by_o sharp_a experience_n think_v it_o wisdom_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v to_o abide_v in_o a_o body_n and_o in_o one_o camp_n and_o that_o none_o be_v sit_v to_o be_v obey_v but_o fabius_n as_o for_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o they_o have_v make_v a_o retrenchment_n between_o their_o camp_n and_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n and_o have_v garrison_v and_o well_o fortify_v the_o post_n and_o perform_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o secure_v it_o from_o any_o further_a danger_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o winter-quarter_n and_o now_o the_o time_n for_o election_n of_o their_o consul_n at_o rome_n be_v come_v where_o l._n aemilius_n and_o c._n terentius_n be_v choose_v and_o the_o dictator_n authority_n thereby_o supersede_v as_o to_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n cn._n servilius_n and_o m._n regulus_n who_o have_v fill_v the_o place_n of_o flaminius_n they_o be_v invest_v by_o aemilius_n with_o pro-consular_a power_n and_o have_v the_o camp_n commit_v to_o their_o charge_n have_v the_o entire_a present_a conduct_n of_o the_o war._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n aemilius_n take_v care_n to_o make_v new_a levy_n after_o he_o have_v impart_v his_o counsel_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o send_v recruit_n likewise_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o legion_n order_n be_v also_o dispatch_v to_o servilius_n to_o be_v careful_a not_o to_o engage_v in_o a_o general_a battle_n but_o to_o exercise_v the_o troop_n as_o often_o as_o occasion_v serve_v in_o skirmish_n and_o rencounter_n to_o acquaint_v the_o young_a soldier_n with_o danger_n and_o their_o duty_n and_o qualify_v they_o for_o more_o important_a occasion_n for_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o much_o of_o their_o misfortune_n in_o the_o war_n hitherto_o be_v owe_v to_o the_o rawness_n and_o inexperience_n of_o their_o troop_n who_o have_v not_o for_o the_o most_o part_n see_v any_o action_n of_o weight_n the_o senate_n likewise_o dispatch_v the_o praetor_n posthumius_fw-la into_o gaul_n to_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v over_o those_o who_o have_v take_v arm_n under_o hannibal_n to_o another_o mind_n furthermore_o it_o be_v commit_v to_o his_o care_n to_o conduct_n over_o the_o army_n that_o have_v winter_v at_o lilybaeum_n they_o likewise_o supply_v the_o scipio_n who_o conduct_v the_o war_n in_o spain_n with_o whatsoever_o they_o can_v be_v think_v to_o need_v in_o a_o word_n both_o consul_n and_o senate_n act_v with_o great_a attention_n in_o all_o thing_n that_o may_v avail_v towards_o a_o vigorous_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war._n as_o soon_o as_o servilius_n have_v receive_v the_o consul_n order_n he_o careful_o put_v they_o in_o execution_n perform_v every_o other_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o his_o charge_n but_o for_o occurrence_n there_o happen_v nothing_o memorable_a enough_o to_o be_v relate_v whether_o it_o be_v that_o his_o instruction_n be_v too_o much_o limit_v or_o that_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n permit_v he_o not_o to_o enter_v on_o any_o considerable_a action_n but_o little_o be_v do_v towards_o the_o advancement_n of_o their_o affair_n what_o be_v perform_v be_v by_o pickeer_v and_o small_a and_o frequent_a skirmish_n and_o rencounter_n wherein_o the_o leader_n be_v not_o without_o their_o share_n of_o some_o praise_n act_v in_o their_o post_n always_o with_o singular_a temper_n and_o prudence_n thus_o than_o the_o two_o army_n remain_v encamp_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o spring_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o hannibal_n see_v there_o be_v forage_n to_o be_v have_v he_o decamp_v from_o under_o gerunium_n conclude_v there_o be_v nothing_o so_o advantageous_a for_o his_o affair_n as_o to_o labour_v by_o all_o way_n possible_a to_o compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o besiege_v and_o take_v the_o citadel_n of_o cannae_n where_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v up_o their_o corn_n and_o provision_n of_o war_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o army_n the_o town_n have_v be_v demolish_v the_o year_n before_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v the_o fortress_n with_o all_o their_o provision_n and_o store_n within_o it_o the_o roman_a army_n become_v great_o streighten_v and_o be_v not_o only_o press_v through_o want_n of_o provision_n which_o they_o can_v not_o now_o obtain_v but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n the_o enemy_n be_v possess_v of_o their_o magazine_n but_o also_o because_o the_o fortress_n of_o cannoe_n command_v the_o whole_a country_n round_o about_o they_o therefore_o dispatch_v messenger_n on_o messenger_n to_o rome_n for_o instruction_n how_o to_o comport_v themselves_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n approach_v and_o press_v they_o there_o will_v be_v no_o mean_n leave_v to_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o that_o the_o country_n be_v everywhere_o waste_v and_o destroy_v their_o ally_n begin_v to_o grow_v jealous_a of_o their_o safety_n and_o seem_v only_o at_o present_a to_o stand_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o doubtful_a neutrality_n to_o take_v their_o measure_n as_o the_o success_n of_o a_o battle_n shall_v determine_v they_o whereupon_o the_o senate_n come_v to_o a_o resolution_n that_o they_o shall_v give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n howbeit_o they_o admonish_v cneius_n to_o defer_v it_o if_o possible_a to_o the_o come_n of_o the_o consul_n who_o they_o now_o dispatch_v away_o all_o people_n eye_n be_v now_o on_o aemilius_n their_o hope_n be_v in_o he_o as_o well_o on_o account_n of_o his_o virtue_n as_o for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o long_o before_o conduct_v the_o war_n in_o illyria_n much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o republic_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n shall_v consist_v of_o eight_o legion_n which_o be_v what_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v
never_o before_o do_v and_o that_o each_o legion_n shall_v consist_v of_o five_o thousand_o over_o and_o above_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o confederate_n for_o as_o we_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v the_o roman_a custom_n be_v to_o march_v out_o every_o year_n with_o four_o legion_n each_o contain_n four_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n but_o now_o that_o they_o be_v thus_o threaten_v they_o think_v sit_v to_o compose_v their_o legion_n of_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o equal_a number_n of_o latin_a auxiliary_a foot_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n thrice_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o assign_v to_o each_o consul_n the_o one_o half_a of_o these_o auxiliary_a troop_n with_o two_o legion_n when_o they_o march_v on_o any_o expedition_n but_o they_o seldom_o employ_v more_o than_o one_o of_o their_o consul_n to_o manage_v any_o one_o war_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o the_o auxiliary_n as_o 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dispirited_a by_o so_o many_o calamitous_a adventure_n that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n enough_o of_o good_a admonition_n he_o therefore_o do_v his_o best_a to_o persuade_v they_o that_o if_o they_o have_v be_v vanquish_v in_o former_a occasion_n it_o be_v not_o one_o or_o two_o but_o manifold_a reason_n that_o may_v be_v render_v for_o their_o misfortune_n but_o that_o now_o if_o they_o have_v the_o heart_n of_o roman_n there_o be_v not_o one_o which_o he_o can_v foresee_v that_o may_v debarr_v they_o of_o victory_n and_o triumph_v over_o their_o enemy_n that_o their_o two_o consul_n never_o be_v join_v before_o to_o conduct_v their_o affair_n with_o their_o joint_a legion_n all_o assemble_v in_o one_o body_n that_o the_o soldier_n till_o now_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o service_n the_o state_n be_v serve_v by_o a_o army_n of_o novice_n raw_a and_o untrained_a to_o their_o business_n and_o unused_a to_o the_o toil_v and_o peril_n of_o war_n and_o what_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n tâ—ey_n have_v to_o do_v with_o a_o strange_a enemy_n who_o they_o have_v hardly_o ever_o see_v before_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v with_o he_o that_o in_o short_a those_o who_o have_v be_v defeat_v near_o the_o river_n trebia_n be_v hurry_v to_o a_o battle_n within_o two_o day_n after_o their_o arrival_n from_o a_o wearisome_a voyage_n from_o sicily_n that_o the_o other_o who_o lose_v the_o day_n in_o tuscany_n do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o see_v the_o enemy_n that_o beat_v they_o not_o only_o before_o the_o battle_n but_o during_o the_o action_n itself_o the_o mist_n and_o darkness_n so_o hide_v they_o but_o that_o now_o at_o this_o time_n there_o be_v not_o room_n to_o allege_v one_o of_o these_o reason_n for_o first_o they_o have_v with_o they_o both_o the_o consul_n who_o be_v not_o only_a themselves_o equal_o expose_v to_o the_o danger_n with_o they_o but_o they_o have_v so_o prevail_v that_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n themselves_o who_o magistracy_n be_v now_o expire_v do_v not_o refuse_v to_o stay_v and_o partake_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o battle_n that_o as_o to_o the_o soldier_n they_o have_v now_o have_v time_n to_o acquaint_v themselves_o with_o the_o enemy_n their_o arm_n order_n number_n and_o manner_n of_o fight_v it_o have_v be_v near_o two_o year_n that_o they_o have_v be_v in_o continual_a action_n against_o they_o so_o that_o circumstance_n be_v total_o change_v from_o what_o they_o be_v they_o ought_v likewise_o to_o expect_v a_o change_n of_o fortune_n and_o further_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v nor_o scarce_o possible_a to_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o have_v vanquish_v the_o enemy_n in_o so_o many_o late_a combat_n and_o rencounter_n without_o any_o odds_o in_o their_o number_n they_o shall_v fail_v of_o victory_n in_o a_o battle_n while_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v with_o a_o army_n surmount_v the_o carthaginian_n by_o at_o least_o one_o half_a in_o a_o word_n fellow-soldier_n say_v the_o consul_n since_o every_o thing_n seem_v to_o promise_v victory_n it_o only_o rest_v that_o you_o shall_v carry_v your_o heart_n with_o you_o into_o the_o field_n and_o a_o determination_n to_o vanquish_v and_o yet_o when_o i_o have_v say_v all_o it_o be_v not_o you_o that_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o exhortation_n such_o method_n be_v only_o proper_a for_o mercenary_n who_o sight_n mere_o for_o pay_v or_o ally_n who_o be_v constrain_v by_o stipulation_n to_o hazard_v themselves_o for_o their_o confederate_n and_o without_o any_o prospect_n of_o better_v their_o fortune_n let_v the_o success_n happen_v which_o way_n it_o will_v but_o you_o who_o come_v not_o into_o the_o field_n to_o sight_n a_o foreign_a cause_n but_o for_o yourselves_o your_o country_n your_o wife_n and_o child_n who_o be_v at_o present_a in_o a_o doubtful_a case_n through_o the_o many_o danger_n that_o threaten_v they_o and_o who_o condition_n the_o success_n of_o a_o battle_n will_v great_o change_v you_o i_o say_v need_v but_o only_o to_o be_v mind_v not_o admonish_v of_o these_o thing_n for_o who_o be_v he_o among_o you_o who_o have_v not_o rather_o vanquish_v by_o fight_v or_o otherwise_o die_v in_o the_o dispute_n than_o lead_v a_o wretched_a life_n behold_v these_o dear_a pledge_n i_o name_v a_o prey_n to_o a_o merciless_a enemy_n in_o a_o word_n then_o resolve_v without_o incitement_n from_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v utter_v and_o take_v counsel_n from_o your_o own_o reflection_n of_o the_o difference_n between_o the_o vanquish_a and_o the_o victor_n what_o recompense_n you_o be_v to_o hope_v and_o what_o calamity_n to_o fear_v and_o draw_v your_o sword_n inspire_v with_o such_o thought_n and_o bear_v in_o mind_n that_o you_o sight_n not_o now_o only_o for_o the_o honour_n and_o preservation_n of_o a_o army_n but_o for_o your_o country_n and_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o in_o such_o case_n what_o use_n can_v there_o be_v of_o persuasion_n if_o you_o sight_n unsuccessful_o and_o chance_n to_o be_v vanquish_v your_o country_n will_v be_v leave_v whole_o without_o succour_n she_o have_v deposit_v all_o her_o strength_n in_o your_o hand_n all_o her_o power_n all_o her_o hope_n of_o safety_n you_o will_v do_v well_o therefore_o fellow-soldier_n to_o determine_v not_o to_o violate_v so_o great_a a_o trust_n in_o a_o occasion_n of_o such_o mighty_a moment_n act_n then_o correspondent_a to_o such_o a_o obligation_n and_o express_v your_o gratitude_n as_o become_v you_o in_o a_o word_n behave_v yourselves_o so_o that_o it_o may_v appear_v to_o the_o whole_a world_n that_o if_o heretofore_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v sustain_v damage_n and_o reproach_n it_o be_v not_o because_o the_o roman_a virtue_n give_v place_n to_o the_o carthaginian_a but_o mere_o to_o be_v attribute_v to_o the_o inexperience_n of_o our_o army_n in_o those_o time_n unlucky_a conjuncture_n and_o ill_a choice_n of_o ground_n to_o fight_v in_o after_o this_o discourse_n and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a content_n to_o animate_v the_o soldier_n he_o dismiss_v the_o assembly_n the_o next_o day_n the_o consul_n march_v the_o army_n towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o day_n after_o come_v within_o six_o mile_n of_o their_o camp_n aemilius_n who_o observe_v the_o country_n to_o be_v all_o plain_a and_o champaign_n ground_n declare_v his_o opinion_n against_o come_v there_o to_o a_o battle_n forasmuch_o as_o the_o enemy_n much_o overmatched_a they_o in_o horse_n and_o that_o it_o therefore_o concern_v they_o to_o draw_v the_o carthaginian_n if_o possible_a into_o such_o ground_n as_o give_v the_o advantage_n to_o foot_n but_o in_o regard_n terentius_n who_o know_v no_o better_o will_v not_o be_v win_v to_o his_o opinion_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v which_o seldom_o fail_v in_o military_a affair_n that_o the_o two_o leader_n sell_v at_o variance_n the_o next_o day_n then_o when_o terentius_n have_v the_o command_n for_o it_o be_v the_o
a_o long_a line_n join_v they_o at_o the_o extremity_n with_o the_o other_o possess_v all_o that_o side_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o the_o right-wing_n he_o post_v the_o roman_a horse_n fill_v with_o they_o the_o space_n between_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o river_n the_o foot_n he_o dispose_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o in_o close_a order_n in_o the_o rear_n than_o in_o the_o front_n in_o regard_n the_o number_n of_o the_o cohort_n be_v double_v on_o the_o left_a wing_n be_v place_v the_o horse_n of_o the_o confederates_n the_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v advance_v some_o distance_n before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n the_o whole_a roman_a army_n take_v in_o the_o troop_n of_o the_o ally_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o thousand_o foot_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n order_v the_o baleares_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n post_v they_o advance_v before_o the_o ensign_n then_o command_v the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n to_o march_v he_o pass_v the_o river_n likewise_o in_o two_o place_n and_o range_v they_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n front_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o left_a point_n be_v the_o part_n near_a the_o river_n he_o post_v his_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n oppose_v to_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n next_o these_o he_o place_v the_o one_o half_a of_o his_o african_a foot_n who_o bear_v weighty_a armour_n their_o flank_n be_v likewise_o secure_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o african_n his_o numidian_a horse_n he_o post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o after_o have_v thus_o form_v his_o line_n of_o battle_n draw_v out_o in_o length_n and_o of_o equal_a depth_n he_o make_v the_o centre_n or_o middle_a battalion_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a legionary_n to_o move_v a_o little_a forward_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o the_o figure_n when_o they_o have_v so_o do_v with_o the_o two_o wing_n may_v be_v liken_v to_o a_o yoke_n crescent-wise_a or_o convexed_a in_o the_o midst_n for_o have_v propose_v that_o the_o gaul_n and_o spaniard_n shall_v first_o engage_v the_o african_n be_v post_v at_o hand_n so_o as_o to_o fortify_v and_o sustain_v they_o his_o african_n be_v arm_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n be_v well_o furnish_v for_o that_o service_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o former_a battle_n the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a buckler_n be_v of_o one_o sort_n but_o their_o sword_n be_v not_o alike_o the_o spaniard_n wear_v sword_n short_a stiff_a and_o point_v fit_a both_o for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v but_o the_o gaul_n be_v only_o for_o cutting-stroke_n in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v a_o surprise_a sight_n to_o behold_v they_o for_o the_o gaul_n be_v strip_v naked_a from_o the_o waste_n upward_o and_o the_o spaniard_n clad_v in_o white_a linen-cassock_n border_v with_o purple_a after_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o country_n in_o hannibal_n army_n there_o be_v ten_o thousand_o horse_n but_o the_o foot_n take_v in_o the_o auxiliary_n and_o all_o do_v not_o exceed_v forty_o thousand_o in_o the_o roman_a battle_n aemilius_n be_v post_v in_o the_o right_n terentius_n in_o the_o left_a and_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n marcus_n attilius_n and_o cn._n servilius_n lead_v the_o body_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n hanno_n on_o the_o left_a and_o hannibal_n lead_v the_o body_n accompany_v by_o his_o brother_n mago_n the_o roman_a army_n face_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n consequent_o towards_o the_o north_n so_o that_o the_o rise_a sun_n molest_v neither_o the_o forlorn_a or_o advance_v party_n begin_v the_o day_n and_o these_o light-armed_a troop_n contend_v for_o a_o while_n with_o equal_a courage_n and_o success_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n advance_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o battle_n grow_v hot_a and_o bloody_a for_o they_o fight_v not_o now_o as_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n in_o other_o battle_n by_o charge_v and_o wheel_v off_o and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o charge_n but_o here_o when_o once_o they_o come_v to_o join_v the_o horseman_n mingle_v and_o often_o disengage_v from_o their_o horse_n fight_v it_o out_o man_n to_o man_n on_o foot_n but_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n in_o the_o end_n prevail_v kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o place_n though_o their_o behaviour_n be_v without_o blame_n those_o who_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v take_v along_o the_o river_n but_o be_v most_o of_o they_o cut_v off_o asdrubal_n give_v no_o quarter_n and_o now_o the_o cohort_n take_v place_n of_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n it_o be_v there_o likewise_o hot_o dispute_v for_o a_o space_n but_o the_o spaniard_n and_o gaul_n who_o do_v not_o present_o lose_v their_o order_n be_v at_o length_n break_v and_o force_v to_o give_v ground_n to_o the_o superior_a number_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o retreat_v back_o the_o 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terrify_v at_o once_o at_o their_o own_o and_o country_n danger_n expect_v every_o moment_n to_o see_v hannibal_n at_o their_o gate_n and_o as_o if_o fortune_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o make_v they_o drink_v the_o dregs_n of_o this_o bitter_a cup_n they_o receive_v news_n short_o after_o while_o the_o city_n be_v sink_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o their_o adversity_n that_o their_o praetor_n who_o they_o have_v send_v to_o the_o cisalpine_a gaul_n be_v himself_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n rout_v and_o cut_v off_o by_o a_o ambush_n they_o have_v lay_v in_o his_o way_n howbeit_o the_o senate_n desert_v not_o their_o duty_n in_o this_o exigent_n they_o call_v on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o strengthen_v the_o work_n of_o the_o city_n and_o give_v all_o those_o needful_a order_n which_o their_o circumstance_n will_v permit_v as_o by_o the_o success_n soon_o appear_v and_o though_o in_o truth_n the_o whole_a world_n be_v now_o witness_n that_o the_o roman_n at_o this_o time_n be_v vanquish_v and_o give_v place_n in_o military_a reputation_n to_o their_o enemy_n nevertheless_o it_o will_v also_o be_v confess_v that_o what_o by_o their_o constancy_n of_o mind_n and_o the_o wisdom_n of_o their_o counsel_n they_o overcome_v at_o length_n these_o their_o conqueror_n and_o not_o only_o rescue_v their_o country_n but_o add_v not_o long_o after_o to_o their_o recovery_n of_o italy_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o world_n here_o than_o we_o have_v think_v it_o proper_a to_o sinish_v this_o book_n which_o contain_v so_o many_o memorable_a tranfaction_n as_o well_o in_o spain_n as_o italy_n during_o the_o hundred_o and_o forty_o olympiad_n and_o when_o we_o shall_v have_v speak_v of_o the_o occurrence_n of_o greece_n during_o the_o same_o olympiad_n we_o shall_v then_o return_v to_o rome_n and_o discourse_n at_o large_a on_o the_o subject_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n be_v persuade_v that_o such_o remark_n as_o may_v be_v thence_o collect_v will_v not_o only_o be_v find_v worthy_a the_o 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with_o large_a addition_n by_o a_o modern_a name_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o faculty_n of_o man_n in_o several_a essay_n with_o some_o consideration_n on_o the_o occurrence_n of_o humane_a life_n by_o tim._n nourse_n gent._n familiar_a letter_n write_v by_o john_n late_a earl_n of_o rochester_n to_o the_o honourable_a henry_n savile_n esq_n and_o several_a other_o person_n of_o quality_n with_o love-letter_n write_v by_o the_o ingenuous_a mr._n otway_n with_o several_a other_o letter_n write_v by_o his_o grace_n the_o duke_n of_o buckingham_n sir_n george_n etheridge_n and_o mr._n tho_n brown_n in_o 2_o vol._n each_o may_v be_v have_v single_o the_o history_n and_o novel_n of_o the_o late_a ingenuous_a mrs._n anne_n behn_n vol._n i._o viz._n oroonoko_n or_o the_o royal_a slave_n the_o fair_a gild_a or_o prince_n tarquin_n agnes_n de_fw-fr castro_n or_o the_o force_n of_o generous_a love_n the_o lover_n
gain_v the_o hill_n and_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o plain_n bring_v up_o and_o sustain_v the_o rear_n and_o who_o now_o draw_v near_o a_o eminence_n call_v propus_n they_o send_v out_o their_o horse_n after_o they_o to_o who_o they_o join_v their_o light-armed_a troop_n under_o the_o lead_n of_o epistratus_n the_o acarnanian_a these_o have_v order_n to_o fall_v on_o their_o rearguard_n to_o make_v some_o proof_n of_o the_o mettle_n of_o the_o enemy_n now_o if_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n they_o can_v not_o have_v make_v a_o worse_a choice_n than_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n for_o their_o gross_n have_v already_o pass_v the_o plain_n but_o to_o have_v do_v as_o they_o ought_v will_v have_v be_v to_o have_v engage_v their_o van_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v enter_v on_o the_o champaign_n ground_n in_o which_o case_n they_o have_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o fight_v with_o the_o advantage_n both_o in_o the_o nature_n of_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o order_n wherein_o in_o plain_a ground_n they_o be_v in_o both_o superior_a to_o the_o enemy_n who_o can_v not_o possible_o have_v then_o fight_v without_o great_a odds_o against_o they_o but_o while_o they_o commit_v this_o oversight_n and_o attack_v not_o the_o aetolian_n till_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o the_o success_n fall_v out_o according_o for_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n no_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o charge_n when_o the_o aetolian_a horse_n have_v gain_v the_o mountain_n firm_a and_o in_o good_a order_n keep_v a_o good_a round_a march_n whereby_o to_o come_v up_o and_o join_v their_o foot_n aratus_n who_o can_v not_o very_o well_o discover_v how_o the_o affair_n go_v and_o not_o right_o judge_v of_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o he_o be_v go_v to_o expose_v himself_o imagine_v the_o enemy_n hasty_a motion_n to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o flight_n detach_v his_o curiassier_n from_o the_o wing_n and_o command_v they_o to_o advance_v to_o the_o charge_n to_o reinforce_v and_o sustain_v the_o light-armed_a soldier_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n draw_v up_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n into_o one_o battalion_n he_o march_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o and_o hasty_o advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n do_v every_o thing_n with_o precipitation_n but_o the_o aetolian_a horse_n have_v no_o soon_o pass_v the_o plain_a and_o join_v the_o foot_n who_o have_v the_o rearguard_n and_o have_v now_o gain_v the_o mountain_n when_o they_o immediate_o make_v a_o halt_n and_o order_v their_o foot_n on_o the_o flank_n encourage_v one_o another_o to_o fear_v nothing_o and_o now_o face_v about_o the_o shout_n they_o make_v cause_v those_o who_o be_v at_o a_o distance_n to_o return_v and_o hasten_v to_o their_o assistance_n so_o that_o their_o number_n increase_v in_o confidence_n of_o their_o superior_a strength_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o charge_v from_o high_a ground_n they_o bold_o 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retreat_n at_o hand_n they_o have_v be_v entire_o ruin_v thus_o have_v we_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o battle_n which_o be_v fight_v near_o caphya_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o megalopolitan_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o aetolian_n be_v encamp_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o methydrium_n they_o draw_v their_o whole_a force_n together_o and_o march_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o they_o arrive_v not_o till_o the_o day_n after_o the_o battle_n and_o their_o come_n prove_v of_o no_o other_o use_n than_o to_o take_v care_n of_o bury_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o expect_v to_o have_v join_v and_o hope_v to_o have_v relieve_v so_o that_o dig_v a_o great_a ditch_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o caphyan_n they_o there_o bury_v the_o dead_a perform_v the_o obsequy_n of_o those_o unfortunate_a man_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o solemnity_n and_o now_o the_o aetolian_n have_v obtain_v a_o victory_n so_o contrary_a to_o their_o hope_n by_o the_o single_a service_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o light-armed_a soldier_n take_v their_o march_n thereupon_o without_o fear_n or_o danger_n quite_o cross_a the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o make_v a_o attempt_n on_o pellene_n and_o harrass_v the_o territory_n of_o sicyon_n they_o take_v their_o way_n by_o the_o isthmus_n these_o matter_n than_o which_o we_o have_v now_o relate_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o confederate_a war_n and_o the_o decree_n that_o be_v conceive_v thereupon_o and_o confirm_v in_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o ally_n at_o corinth_n where_o king_n philip_n who_o procure_v the_o same_o and_o be_v present_a be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o say_v war._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o achaian_n soon_o after_o this_o defeat_n call_v a_o assembly_n where_o aratus_n be_v severe_o prosecute_v with_o complaint_n on_o all_o hand_n as_o have_v be_v manifest_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n they_o have_v sustain_v and_o by_o how_o much_o his_o enemy_n press_v he_o with_o accusation_n and_o with_o strong_a reason_n lay_v open_v his_o mismanagement_n by_o so_o much_o do_v the_o hatred_n and_o indignation_n of_o the_o people_n increase_v against_o he_o first_o there_o be_v no_o dispute_n but_o that_o aratus_n have_v great_o err_v in_o have_v as_o one_o may_v say_v usurp_v the_o magistracy_n by_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o before_o he_o be_v regular_o elect_v into_o his_o charge_n and_o he_o can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o what_o he_o have_v enterprise_v thereupon_o have_v very_o ill_o succeed_v furthermore_o they_o blame_v he_o for_o that_o see_v the_o aetolian_n yet_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o peloponnesus_n he_o have_v be_v prevail_v with_o to_o dismiss_v the_o achaean_n troop_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v be_v before_o well_o assure_v that_o scopas_n and_o dorimachus_n be_v sirm_o determine_v to_o embroil_v their_o affair_n and_o to_o do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o engage_v they_o in_o a_o war._n the_o three_o article_n against_o he_o be_v his_o adventure_n to_o engage_v with_o so_o few_o troop_n when_o he_o may_v with_o ease_n have_v make_v a_o good_a retreat_n to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n where_o he_o may_v at_o leisure_n have_v reinforce_v his_o army_n and_o then_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n if_o he_o have_v see_v cause_n the_o last_o and_o heavy_a charge_n against_o he_o be_v that_o after_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n he_o do_v not_o make_v one_o soldier-like_a step_n in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o the_o action_n for_o it_o have_v be_v in_o his_o choice_n to_o have_v seek_v on_o plain_a ground_n which_o will_v have_v be_v much_o to_o his_o advantage_n for_o there_o the_o heavy-armed_a troop_n can_v have_v engage_v from_o who_o service_n he_o can_v hardly_o have_v sail_v of_o success_n while_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o
determination_n to_o march_v and_o to_o take_v their_o way_n by_o laconia_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o to_o join_v the_o king_n force_n with_o what_o speed_n they_o may_v according_o they_o take_v the_o field_n and_o arrive_v near_o glympia_n a_o fortress_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n it_o chance_v that_o they_o do_v not_o encamp_v with_o that_o circumspection_n which_o they_o ought_v have_v neither_o retrenchment_n or_o palisade_n nor_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o encamp_v well_o choose_v but_o in_o confidence_n of_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o place_n lycurgus_n come_v to_o understand_v the_o messenian_n be_v arrive_v take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o a_o small_a party_n of_o lacedoemonian_o and_o march_v to_o attack_v they_o and_o come_v upon_o they_o about_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n bold_o attempt_v their_o camp_n and_o 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levy_n and_o to_o deliberate_v with_o his_o friend_n how_o to_o proceed_v so_o as_o to_o oblige_v philip_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n before_o he_o leave_v laconia_n but_o the_o king_n nevertheless_o march_v from_o elia_n plunder_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n all_o along_o in_o his_o way_n and_o four_o day_n aster_v return_v to_o amycla_n with_o his_o army_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o lycurgus_n have_v give_v the_o necessary_a order_n to_o his_o friend_n and_o officer_n touch_v the_o battle_n they_o have_v resolve_v on_o he_o command_v the_o troop_n to_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n consist_v of_o about_o two_o thousand_o man_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o the_o near_a post_n to_o menelaium_n leave_v instruction_n with_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o remain_v within_o the_o town_n to_o have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o a_o signal_n that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v they_o shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o town_n with_o all_o expedition_n and_o by_o as_o many_o way_n as_o they_o can_v and_o draw_v up_o on_o a_o certain_a ground_n where_o the_o river_n run_v near_a to_o the_o town_n in_o this_o posture_n stand_v matter_n between_o the_o two_o army_n but_o lest_o our_o relation_n shall_v seem_v obscure_a through_o want_n of_o due_a light_n in_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o place_n about_o which_o we_o treat_v we_o shall_v therefore_o do_v our_o best_a to_o be_v as_o clear_v in_o that_o as_o in_o our_o account_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o shall_v be_v our_o manner_n throughout_o our_o whole_a work_n some_o place_n which_o be_v unknown_a we_o shall_v describe_v by_o compare_v they_o with_o other_o that_o be_v know_v distinguish_v they_o by_o mark_n and_o note_n of_o common_a observation_n for_o through_o want_n of_o a_o right_a information_n herein_o many_o and_o great_a error_n have_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o erterprise_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n but_o we_o shall_v labour_v our_o utmost_a that_o the_o reader_n of_o our_o history_n may_v be_v instruct_v as_o well_o in_o the_o manner_n as_o matter_n of_o occurrence_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v leave_v unsay_v touch_v the_o description_n of_o town_n and_o country_n and_o principal_o in_o military_a adventure_n wherein_o the_o better_a to_o explain_v our_o mind_n we_o shall_v have_v recourse_n sometime_o to_o some_o certain_a port_n of_o the_o sea_n sometime_o to_o a_o island_n sometime_o to_o some_o conspicuous_a temple_n promontory_n oâ—_n mountain_n or_o the_o name_n of_o some_o country_n and_o in_o short_a the_o divers_a region_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o be_v thing_n general_o know_v and_o familiar_a to_o mankind_n it_o be_v by_o this_o method_n then_o i_o say_v that_o we_o hope_v to_o be_v able_a to_o lead_v the_o reader_n to_o a_o just_a conception_n of_o place_n and_o situation_n to_o he_o otherwise_o unknown_a to_o give_v a_o general_a description_n then_o of_o thâ—_n city_n of_o sparta_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o figure_n it_o be_v round_o it_o stand_v on_o a_o plain_a or_o bottom_n where_o there_o rise_v here_o and_o there_o certain_a hillock_n or_o eminence_n and_o some_o place_n be_v waste_v and_o barren_a on_o the_o westside_n run_v the_o river_n eurotas_n which_o be_v deep_a and_o unfordable_a at_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o mountain_n of_o menelaium_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n regard_v the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o town_n these_o be_v almost_o inaccessible_a and_o exceed_o high_a command_v all_o the_o space_n of_o ground_n lie_v between_o the_o eurotas_n and_o the_o town_n which_o space_n in_o a_o word_n take_v likewise_o the_o river_n into_o the_o account_n which_o run_v by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v not_o above_o a_o furlong_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a now_o by_o this_o way_n king_n philip_n be_v oblige_v to_o pass_v in_o his_o return_n from_o his_o expedition_n have_v on_o his_o left_a the_o town_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o river_n and_o the_o troop_n of_o lycurgus_n post_v on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o hill_n furthermore_o the_o lacedoemonian_o have_v stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n have_v bring_v all_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n we_o mention_v under_o water_n so_o that_o it_o become_v impossible_a for_o their_o foot_n much_o less_o their_o horse_n to_o march_v wherefore_o the_o king_n army_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o go_v but_o in_o defilée_v along_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n by_o which_o mean_n neither_o party_n can_v sustain_v or_o relieve_v the_o other_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n will_v run_v a_o mighty_a hazard_n march_v so_o expose_v to_o the_o continual_a shot_n of_o the_o enemy_n philip_n therefore_o well_o weigh_v the_o peril_n resolve_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v better_o first_o do_v than_o to_o attempt_n lycurgus_n and_o endeavour_v to_o beat_v he_o from_o his_o post_n wherefore_o take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o bucklerman_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o illyrian_n he_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o hill_n lycurgus_n who_o can_v not_o but_o understand_v the_o king_n purpose_n put_v himself_o in_o a_o posture_n to_o receive_v he_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v signal_n to_o those_o within_o the_o town_n who_o immediate_o sally_v out_o and_o draw_v up_o as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v place_v the_o horse_n on_o their_o right_n when_o philip_n be_v advance_v somewhat_o near_o to_o lycurgus_n he_o order_v the_o mercenary_n to_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z and_o so_o begin_v the_o battle_n for_o a_o while_n the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v the_o advantage_n both_o in_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o ground_n have_v also_o the_o better_a in_o the_o dispute_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o bucklerman_n advance_v to_o sustain_v the_o other_o and_o that_o philip_n himself_o with_o the_o illyrian_n fall_v on_o their_o flank_n the_o mercenary_n on_o the_o come_n up_o of_o this_o relief_n take_v new_a courage_n and_o engage_v with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o lycurgus_n be_v worsted_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o flight_n leave_v about_o a_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n dead_a on_o the_o place_n and_o 〈◊〉_d great_a number_n that_o be_v take_v prisoner_n many_o get_v into_o the_o town_n and_o lycurgâ—s_n himself_n favour_v by_o the_o come_n on_o of_o the_o night_n get_v likewise_o through_o byway_n into_o sparta_n whereupon_o philip_n have_v now_o the_o mountain_n to_o friend_n where_o he_o place_v the_o illyrian_n on_o the_o guard_n return_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o mercenary_n to_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n come_v from_o amyclâ—e_n with_o the_o phalanx_n on_o who_o approach_n to_o the_o town_n philip_n repass_a the_o river_n to_o
slay_v about_o seven_o hundred_o mysian_n of_o his_o party_n and_o compel_v the_o rest_n to_o retire_v after_o this_o repulse_n achoeus_n and_o garsyere_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n while_o the_o selgâ—ans_n doubt_v danger_n from_o a_o sedition_n within_o the_o town_n the_o enemy_n be_v still_o at_o hand_n send_v out_o some_o of_o their_o grave_a inhabitant_n to_o treat_v with_o achoeus_n who_o at_o length_n accord_v they_o peace_n on_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v down_o present_o four_o hundred_o talent_n that_o the_o pednelissâ—an_a prisoner_n shall_v be_v enlarge_v and_o that_o within_o a_o certain_a space_n they_o shall_v pay_v further_o three_o hundred_o talent_n thus_o the_o selgians_n be_v reduce_v to_o manifest_a danger_n of_o lose_v their_o country_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o logbasis_n have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o rescue_v it_o by_o their_o resolution_n without_o stain_v their_o liberty_n or_o violate_v the_o alliance_n in_o which_o they_o be_v engage_v with_o the_o lacedoemonian_o achoeus_n have_v reduce_v the_o country_n of_o milyas_n to_o his_o dominion_n and_o part_n of_o pamphylia_n march_v to_o sardis_n where_o he_o wage_v war_n with_o attalus_n menace_v also_o prusias_n become_v formidable_a to_o all_o the_o asian_o inhabit_v on_o this_o side_n mount_n taurus_n but_o while_o he_o be_v divert_v by_o the_o war_n with_o the_o selgians_n attalus_n have_v with_o he_o the_o gaul_n aegosages_n or_o tectosages_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o the_o town_n of_o aeolia_n and_o other_o in_o that_o neighbourhood_n who_o out_o of_o fear_n have_v submit_v to_o achoeus_n the_o great_a part_n of_o which_o town_n yield_v themselves_o up_o who_o he_o receive_v with_o gentleness_n will_v they_o to_o understand_v it_o in_o effect_n of_o his_o grace_n and_o goodness_n nor_o be_v there_o many_o which_o exercise_v his_o arm_n to_o reduce_v they_o the_o principal_a place_n that_o submit_v be_v cuma_n smyrna_n phocoea_n and_o in_o short_a the_o aegoean_n and_o the_o lemnite_n terrify_v at_o his_o arrival_n submit_v the_o teii_n and_o colophonii_n also_o apply_v to_o he_o by_o their_o ambassador_n and_o put_v themselves_o and_o town_n under_o his_o protection_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v these_o people_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n and_o have_v likewise_o receive_v their_o hostage_n he_o entertain_v the_o smyrnian_a ambassador_n with_o singular_a benignity_n for_o indeed_o that_o people_n have_v above_o all_o other_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o a_o generous_a fidelity_n towards_o he_o from_o thence_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v past_o the_o river_n lycus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o town_n inhabit_v by_o the_o mysian_o and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o carsenses_n and_o in_o short_a spread_v so_o much_o fear_n among_o they_o that_o the_o garrison_n of_o didyma-tiche_n where_o themistocles_n have_v be_v leave_v governor_n by_o achoeus_n deliver_v up_o the_o two_o castle_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v and_o spoil_v the_o land_n of_o apioe_n and_o pass_v the_o mountain_n pelecas_n he_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o the_o river_n megistus_n here_o there_o happen_v a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o gaul_n who_o can_v no_o long_o bear_v the_o toil_n of_o so_o tedious_a a_o march_n for_o they_o go_v with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n travel_v in_o wagon_n along_o with_o they_o conceive_v the_o eclipse_n to_o be_v ominous_a come_v to_o a_o resolution_n to_o march_v no_o further_o whereupon_o though_o they_o be_v a_o people_n of_o no_o use_n in_o attack_n and_o have_v all_o along_o during_o their_o march_n encamp_v by_o themselves_o be_v subject_a to_o no_o discipline_n and_o be_v a_o proud_a and_o refractory_a nation_n nevertheless_o the_o king_n be_v in_o pain_n what_o to_o resolve_v about_o they_o for_o he_o be_v doubtful_a if_o he_o shall_v dismiss_v they_o leâ—t_v they_o shall_v take_v arm_n under_o achoeus_n and_o that_o to_o punish_v their_o insolence_n by_o destroy_v they_o will_v redound_v to_o his_o discredit_n they_o have_v pass_v over_o into_o asia_n out_o of_o respect_n to_o he_o wherefore_o he_o take_v that_o occasion_n for_o his_o return_n after_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o conduct_v they_o safe_a to_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o come_v and_o assure_v they_o of_o land_n wherein_o to_o plant_v and_o that_o he_o will_v at_o no_o time_n refuse_v to_o comply_v with_o any_o of_o their_o reasonable_a demand_n but_o do_v they_o all_o the_o good_a office_n in_o his_o power_n so_o after_o he_o have_v lead_v his_o gaul_n to_o the_o hellespont_n and_o treat_v those_o of_o lampsacus_n the_o alexandrian_n and_o illians_n with_o great_a respect_n they_o have_v continue_v firm_a in_o their_o fidelity_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n to_o pergamus_n it_o be_v now_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n when_o antiochus_n and_o ptolemy_n have_v make_v all_o necessary_a provision_n for_o the_o war_n be_v arrive_v 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mingle_v a_o thousand_o thracian_n there_o be_v likewise_o mede_n cyssians_n caddusians_n and_o caramanian_o to_o the_o number_n of_o five_o thousand_o who_o be_v order_v to_o obey_v aspasianus_n the_o median_a the_o arabian_n and_o other_o of_o the_o neighbour-nation_n compose_v a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o who_o chief_a be_v zabdiphilus_n the_o greek_a mercenary_n amount_v to_o five_o thousand_o and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o these_o be_v place_v hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a antiochus_n have_v likewise_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n command_v by_o eurylochus_n and_o a_o thousand_o new-raised_a man_n of_o the_o same_o country_n who_o leader_n be_v zebes_n the_o gortynian_a there_o be_v also_o five_o hundred_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o a_o thousand_o cardacean_n who_o have_v over_o they_o lysimachus_z the_o gaul_n the_o horse_n consist_v of_o about_o six_o thousand_o four_o thousand_o of_o which_o obey_v antipater_n the_o king_n nephew_n the_o rest_n be_v lead_v by_o themison_n in_o conclusion_n the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n consist_v of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o horse_n above-noted_n and_o a_o hundred_o and_o two_o elephant_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v to_o pelusium_n where_o he_o encamp_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n be_v come_v up_o and_o he_o have_v distribute_v bread_n to_o the_o army_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n through_o a_o country_n destitute_a of_o water_n along_o the_o mountain_n casius_n pass_v by_o a_o place_n call_v barathra_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o gaza_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o detachment_n with_o which_o he_o march_v and_o advance_v before_o the_o army_n without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o impediment_n the_o five_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o halt_v encamp_v about_o fifty_o furlong_n from_o raphia_n this_o be_v the_o first_o city_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o rhinocorura_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n from_o egypt_n into_o that_o country_n antiochus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pass_v by_o raphia_n he_o encamp_v by_o night_n about_o ten_o furlong_n from_o the_o enemy_n for_o a_o while_n their_o camp_n stand_v at_o this_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o short_o after_o antiochus_z decamp_v and_o come_v and_o lodge_v near_o the_o enemy_n as_o well_o to_o better_v the_o convenience_n of_o his_o army_n abode_n as_o to_o hearten_v the_o soldier_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o now_o above_o five_o furlong_n space_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n insomuch_o that_o those_o who_o go_v to_o water_n and_o march_v out_o to_o forage_v have_v frequent_a rencounter_n and_o often_o by_o party_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n pickeer_v between_o their_o camp_n here_o theodotus_n give_v a_o instance_n of_o aetolian_a resolution_n and_o indeed_o worthy_a of_o a_o true_o fearless_a man_n for_o have_v reside_v heretofore_o in_o ptolomy_n court_n and_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o prince_n he_o get_v a_o little_a before_o daybreak_n into_o
colossus_n a_o hundred_o architect_n three_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o artificer_n and_o fourteen_o talent_n by_o the_o year_n to_o pay_v for_o their_o sustenance_n furthermore_o he_o give_v they_o ten_o thousand_o artabe_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o expense_n of_o their_o sacrifice_n and_o exercise_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o the_o like_a measure_n of_o corn_n for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o fleet._n in_o short_a the_o great_a part_n of_o these_o particular_n be_v soon_o deliver_v and_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o money_n in_o hand_n antigonus_n give_v they_o ten_o thousand_o piece_n of_o timber_n of_o sixteen_o cubit_n long_o each_o piece_n seven_o thousand_o plank_n of_o seven_o cubit_n long_o each_o three_o thousand_o pound_n of_o iron_n three_o thousand_o pound_n of_o pitch_n and_o rosin_n and_o a_o thousand_o metreta_n or_o measure_n of_o tar_n further_o promise_v they_o a_o hundred_o talent_n of_o silver_n chryseis_n his_o wife_n give_v they_o a_o hundred_o thousand_o measure_n of_o wheat_n and_o three_o thousand_o pound_n weight_n of_o lead_n seleucus_n father_n of_o antiochus_n give_v immunity_n to_o all_o the_o rhodian_o who_o navigate_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o his_o dominion_n ten_o galley_n equip_v for_o war_n and_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o measure_n of_o corn_n beside_o many_o other_o thing_n of_o value_n prusias_n mithridates_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prince_n then_o reign_v in_o asia_n as_o lysanias_n olympichus_n and_o limnoeus_n make_v they_o proportionable_a present_n in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o recount_v the_o number_n of_o town_n and_o people_n who_o contribute_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o rhodian_o according_a to_o their_o ability_n in_o that_o occasion_n insomuch_o that_o whoever_o shall_v have_v consider_v only_o how_o sudden_o that_o city_n rise_v from_o its_o ruin_n to_o that_o wonderful_a height_n of_o riches_n and_o splendour_n both_o in_o public_a and_o private_a will_v be_v strike_v with_o astonishment_n but_o when_o consideration_n be_v have_v to_o its_o commodity_n of_o situation_n and_o thâ—_n superfluity_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v supply_v they_o from_o abroad_o that_o they_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o want_v for_o nothing_o their_o flourish_a state_n and_o the_o felicity_n to_o which_o they_o so_o soon_o arrive_v will_v then_o cease_v to_o surprise_v we_o and_o rather_o defeat_v our_o expectation_n we_o have_v a_o little_a enlarge_v on_o this_o subject_a to_o exemplify_v the_o rhodian_o love_v to_o their_o commonwealth_n who_o have_v show_v themselves_o worthy_a of_o praise_n from_o all_o man_n and_o be_v a_o excellent_a example_n for_o imitation_n and_o this_o we_o have_v take_v the_o liberty_n the_o rather_o to_o say_v to_o the_o end_n that_o both_o prince_n and_o people_n may_v confider_v and_o see_v how_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n be_v shrink_v and_o how_o little_a the_o liberality_n of_o our_o day_n appear_v when_o compare_v with_o the_o munificence_n of_o our_o forefather_n and_o to_o the_o end_n that_o when_o they_o have_v extend_v a_o small_a favour_n they_o may_v not_o exalt_v their_o own_o generosity_n and_o for_o little_a act_n of_o grace_n exact_a remuneration_n and_o honour_n equal_a to_o what_o be_v due_a to_o king_n of_o old_a and_o that_o by_o weigh_v right_o either_o merit_n neither_o may_v want_v his_o due_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n agetas_n be_v praetor_n of_o the_o aetolian_n and_o the_o elder_a aratus_n elect_v to_o that_o magistracy_n by_o the_o achaian_n be_v now_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n i_o think_v at_o least_o it_o be_v there_o we_o break_v off_o our_o discourse_n of_o the_o social_n war_n lycurgus_n the_o spartan_a return_v home_o from_o aetolia_n be_v recall_v by_o the_o ephori_fw-la who_o have_v find_v the_o information_n false_a on_o which_o the_o sentence_n of_o his_o banishment_n be_v ground_v he_o i_o say_v in_o conjunction_n with_o pyrrhias_n the_o aetolian_a who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n the_o elean_a praetor_n resolve_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n aratus_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n find_v the_o achaean_n mercenary_n corrupt_v by_o idleness_n and_o decay_v of_o discipline_n and_o the_o city_n indispose_v to_o contribute_v towards_o the_o war_n through_o the_o default_n of_o eperatus_n who_o have_v but_o ill_o discharge_v his_o office_n of_o praetor_n wherefore_o after_o fit_a exhortation_n to_o the_o achaian_n and_o wrest_v from_o they_o by_o force_n as_o it_o be_v a_o decree_n for_o his_o purpose_n he_o apply_v himself_o with_o his_o best_a diligence_n to_o prepare_v to_o prosecute_v the_o war._n the_o achaian_n decree_v to_o entertain_v eight_o thousand_o mercenary_a stranger_n foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v levy_v at_o home_n three_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o that_o to_o complete_a that_o number_n the_o megalopolitan_o shall_v contribute_v three_o hundred_o foot_n call_v chalcaspide_n from_o their_o bear_a brass-buckler_n and_o fifty_o horse_n and_o that_o the_o argian_n shall_v furnish_v the_o like_a number_n it_o be_v further_o decree_v that_o they_o shall_v fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n and_o that_o three_o ship_n shall_v be_v send_v towards_o acta_fw-la and_o the_o gulf_n of_o argos_n and_o three_o to_o hover_v about_o patrae_n and_o dymas_n and_o the_o sea_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n while_o aratus_n be_v busy_v in_o these_o affair_n and_o make_v provision_n for_o the_o war_n lycurgus_n and_o pyrrhias_n lead_v their_o troop_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o messenia_n have_v concert_v by_o their_o agent_n about_o the_o time_n they_o be_v to_o move_v with_o their_o army_n into_o the_o field_n but_o aratus_n get_v notice_n of_o their_o purpose_n take_v with_o he_o the_o mercenary_n to_o who_o he_o join_v some_o choose_a troop_n and_o with_o these_o march_v away_o in_o haste_n to_o succour_v the_o messenian_n and_o to_o proceed_v to_o megalopolis_n in_o the_o interim_n lycurgus_n take_v calamas_n a_o messenian_a town_n by_o intelligence_n from_o whence_o he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o join_v the_o aetolian_n but_o pyrrhias_n have_v draw_v but_o a_o small_a force_n out_o of_o elea_n be_v encounter_v by_o the_o messenian_n on_o their_o frontier_n and_o worsted_n and_o so_o compel_v to_o retire_v home_o again_o whereupon_o lycurgus_n defeat_v in_o his_o hope_n of_o increase_v his_o strength_n by_o that_o addition_n and_o not_o have_v force_n sufficient_a of_o his_o own_o to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o effect_n after_o he_o have_v forage_v the_o enemy_n country_n and_o do_v they_o what_o damage_n he_o be_v able_a with_o the_o little_a strength_n he_o have_v return_v back_o to_o sparta_n have_v do_v nothing_o worth_a mention_n the_o enemy_n thus_o disappoint_v aratus_n who_o be_v provident_a to_o foresee_v the_o future_a prevail_v with_o taurion_n to_o order_v out_o fifty_o horse_n and_o five_o hundred_o foot_n enjoin_v the_o messenian_n to_o provide_v the_o like_a number_n with_o which_o force_n he_o propose_v to_o defend_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o messenian_n megalopolitan_o tegaeans_n and_o argian_n for_o that_o these_o country_n lie_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o laconia_n whenever_o the_o lacedaemonian_n wage_v war_n in_o peloponnesus_n stand_v expose_v to_o the_o first_o shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o to_o the_o land_n of_o achaia_n that_o lie_v towards_o elea_n and_o aetolia_n those_o he_o resolve_v to_o defend_v with_o his_o mercenary_n join_v with_o they_o some_o achaean_n troop_n aratus_n have_v put_v his_o affair_n in_o this_o posture_n dismiss_v the_o megalopolitan_o home_n by_o a_o decree_n of_o the_o achaian_n for_o that_o have_v not_o long_o before_o be_v force_v to_o leave_v their_o country_n entire_o ruin_v by_o cleomenes_n and_o albeit_o they_o be_v poor_a and_o in_o no_o condition_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n public_a or_o private_a nevertheless_o they_o possess_v still_o the_o same_o courage_n and_o greatness_n of_o mind_n but_o this_o beget_v great_a disorder_n and_o dissension_n among_o they_o as_o it_o seldom_o â—ails_v to_o happen_v in_o state_n or_o private_a family_n when_o pinch_v with_o poverty_n and_o deprive_v of_o mean_n to_o prosecute_v what_o they_o will_v design_n first_o a_o contention_n arise_v about_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o town_n some_o be_v for_o confine_v it_o to_o straight_a limit_n and_o so_o to_o build_v that_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o erect_v the_o wall_n they_o may_v compass_v it_o without_o difficulty_n and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o hostility_n they_o may_v the_o better_o defend_v it_o these_o remonstrate_v that_o their_o town_n have_v not_o be_v lose_v nor_o they_o undo_v by_o the_o enemy_n but_o through_o the_o overgreat_a circuit_n of_o their_o wall_n and_o their_o want_n of_o number_n to_o man_n they_o furthermore_o they_o propose_v that_o the_o rich_a who_o have_v possession_n and_o inheritance_n shall_v contribute_v the_o three_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n
and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n into_o their_o camp_n and_o so_o appius_n return_v victorious_a into_o messina_n load_v with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o hieron_n who_o perceive_v he_o have_v make_v a_o wrong_a judgement_n touch_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o war_n march_v away_o immediate_o towards_o syracuse_n claudius_n receive_v next_o morning_n intelligence_n of_o his_o retreat_n and_o be_v now_o full_a of_o assurance_n by_o his_o late_a success_n resolve_v to_o lose_v no_o time_n but_o forthwith_o to_o attack_v likewise_o the_o carthaginian_n pursuant_n to_o which_o resolution_n he_o order_v his_o army_n to_o take_v their_o repast_n betimes_o and_o to_o be_v under_o their_o arm_n early_o than_o ordinary_a and_o sally_v out_o by_o break_v of_o day_n he_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o rout_v they_o with_o great_a slaughter_n those_o who_o escape_v be_v break_a and_o scatter_v secure_v themselves_o in_o the_o neighbour_a to_n having_n obtain_v these_o victory_n and_o raise_v the_o siege_n from_o before_o messina_n he_o begin_v now_o to_o make_v inroad_n here_o and_o there_o upon_o the_o neighbour_a country_n and_o proceed_v without_o impediment_n to_o plunder_v as_o far_o as_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o syracusian_n and_o their_o confederate_n whither_o at_o length-he_a march_v with_o his_o army_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o syracuse_n thus_o have_v i_o relate_v the_o motive_n and_o give_v the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_n first_o expidition_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o have_v judge_v and_o choose_v this_o conjuncture_n as_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o sure_a basis_n whereon_o to_o superstruct_v our_o whole_a design_n we_o have_v therefore_o conclude_v that_o we_o can_v better_o prepare_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o reader_n for_o what_o follow_v than_o by_o set_v out_o from_o hence_o though_o we_o have_v look_v yet_o a_o little_a far_o back_o the_o better_a to_o open_v and_o explain_v the_o reason_n of_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n 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passage_n to_o subsequent_a occurrence_n but_o above_o all_o it_o behoove_v we_o to_o be_v punctual_a in_o set_v down_o the_o revolution_n in_o sicily_n during_o the_o war_n there_o between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n than_o which_o for_o duration_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o example_n of_o the_o like_a in_o history_n nor_o of_o the_o provision_n that_o be_v make_v to_o prosecute_v it_o nor_o for_o the_o greatness_n of_o action_n or_o importance_n and_o hazard_n of_o enterprise_n number_n of_o battle_n and_o extraordinary_a adventure_n for_o in_o short_a those_o two_o state_n have_v live_v hitherto_o under_o a_o exact_a observance_n of_o their_o law_n their_o diicipline_n be_v pure_a and_o unshaken_a their_o wealth_n not_o burdensome_a and_o their_o strength_n equal_a whosoever_o therefore_o shall_v careful_o consider_v the_o form_n and_o power_n of_o those_o two_o state_n respective_o will_v be_v better_a able_a to_o collect_v matter_n whereby_o to_o make_v a_o just_a 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be_v of_o any_o use_n or_o instruction_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o detect_v the_o error_n of_o a_o friend_n and_o to_o do_v right_a to_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o enemy_n nor_o must_v we_o scruple_n sometime_o to_o blame_v those_o who_o but_o now_o have_v as_o just_a a_o title_n to_o our_o applause_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o such_o who_o have_v the_o authority_n and_o administration_n of_o public_a affair_n shall_v not_o sometime_o miscarry_v or_o that_o those_o who_o often_o err_v shall_v not_o be_v now_o and_o then_o in_o the_o right_n we_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o weigh_v the_o rank_n or_o fortune_n of_o those_o who_o be_v in_o authority_n but_o to_o be_v careful_a that_o our_o write_n speak_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o action_n and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o just_a observation_n will_v appear_v by_o what_o follow_v philinus_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o second_o
soldier_n disperse_v in_o a_o disorderly_a manner_n make_v a_o sally_n upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v then_o busy_a in_o their_o harvest_n and_o have_v scatter_v they_o one_o party_n attempt_v the_o pillage_n the_o camp_n and_o another_o attack_v their_o guard_n but_o here_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n be_v eminent_o see_v as_o it_o have_v appear_v on_o many_o occasion_n to_o their_o great_a honour_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o most_o unpardonable_a fault_n to_o desert_n their_o post_n or_o abandon_v their_o corpse_n of_o guard_n those_o who_o have_v thus_o careless_o neglect_v their_o duty_n resolve_v to_o repair_v their_o fault_n by_o some_o remarkable_a behaviour_n according_o they_o rally_v and_o brave_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n though_o superior_a in_o number_n and_o albeit_o some_o of_o the_o roman_n fall_v the_o loss_n on_o the_o enemy_n side_n be_v much_o great_a in_o short_a they_o surround_v 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supply_n and_o correspondence_n from_o without_o and_o to_o secure_v themselves_o from_o surprise_v and_o in_o the_o space_n between_o their_o two_o line_n they_o appoint_v strong_a guard_n place_v at_o convenient_a distance_n their_o provision_n and_o all_o necessary_n be_v plentiful_o supply_v and_o bring_v by_o their_o ally_n to_o erbessa_n and_o from_o that_o town_n which_o be_v not_o far_o from_o their_o camp_n their_o convoy_n pass_v without_o impediment_n affair_n continue_v in_o this_o posture_n for_o five_o month_n neither_o party_n gain_v upon_o the_o other_o any_o advantage_n that_o may_v augment_v either_o hope_n their_o engagement_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o slight_a skirmish_n but_o to_o be_v brief_a there_o be_v not_o less_o than_o fifty_o thousand_o soul_n in_o agrigentum_n this_o mighty_a number_n soon_o reduce_v they_o to_o great_a strait_n for_o provision_n and_o a_o famine_n thereupon_o ensue_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n who_o command_v in_o chief_a foresee_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a long_o to_o sustain_v the_o siege_n dispatch_v frequent_a advice_n to_o carthage_n remonstrate_v their_o ill_a condition_n and_o demand_v speedy_a succour_n the_o carthaginian_n thereupon_o take_v order_n for_o the_o embarking_a elephant_n and_o all_o the_o soldier_n and_o succour_n they_o can_v put_v on_o board_n their_o fleet_n consign_v they_o to_o hanno_n their_o other_o general_n in_o sicily_n who_o assemble_v his_o force_n at_o heraclea_n march_v with_o all_o his_o strength_n towards_o erbessa_n which_o place_n he_o surprise_v be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n by_o treachery_n and_o by_o this_o success_n have_v deprive_v the_o enemy_n of_o all_o manner_n of_o relief_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v but_o now_o the_o besieger_n become_v themselves_o besiege_v and_o in_o a_o word_n be_v reduce_v to_o such_o strait_n of_o all_o kind_n that_o they_o often_o deliberate_v about_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o have_v put_v it_o in_o execution_n have_v not_o hieron_n afford_v they_o what_o help_v he_o be_v able_a which_o with_o great_a parsimony_n sustain_v they_o hanno_n have_v intelligence_n of_o the_o evil_a state_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n that_o they_o be_v enfeeble_v by_o want_n and_o diminish_v by_o disease_n the_o plague_n be_v get_v among_o they_o take_v assurance_n to_o think_v he_o may_v be_v now_o a_o match_n for_o they_o he_o choose_v therefore_o about_o fifty_o elephant_n and_o march_v with_o all_o his_o troop_n in_o great_a haste_n from_o heraclea_n send_v his_o numidian-horse_n before_o who_o have_v order_n to_o charge_v up_o to_o the_o enemy_n retrenchment_n with_o show_n as_o if_o they_o will_v engage_v they_o and_o to_o retreat_n towards_o the_o army_n in_o case_n the_o roman_n sally_v out_o upon_o they_o this_o service_n they_o punctual_o perform_v attacking_z one_o of_o the_o roman_a camp_n who_o march_v out_o with_o their_o horse_n against_o they_o whilst_o they_o pursuant_n to_o the_o order_n they_o have_v receive_v retreat_v to_o the_o army_n and_o join_v hanno_n then_o the_o whole_a army_n face_v about_o attack_v the_o roman_a horse_n encompass_v they_o round_o and_o do_v great_a execution_n pursue_v they_o to_o their_o camp_n soon_o after_o hanno_n seize_v on_o a_o eminence_n call_v mount_v torus_fw-la distant_a from_o the_o roman_n about_o ten_o furlong_n and_o there_o encamp_v his_o army_n where_o two_o month_n pass_v without_o any_o remarkable_a action_n he_o be_v unwilling_a yet_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a battle_n and_o entertain_v the_o enemy_n only_o with_o flight_n rencounter_v in_o small_a party_n but_o now_o hannibal_n give_v notice_n as_o well_o by_o sign_n from_o the_o town_n as_o by_o express_v that_o they_o be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o want_v they_o be_v under_o and_o that_o many_o be_v by_o famine_n compel_v to_o desert_n and_o go_v over_o to_o the_o roman_n hanno_n be_v at_o length_n draw_v to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n to_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v equal_o dispose_v for_o the_o reason_n already_o note_v so_o the_o two_o army_n be_v draw_v out_o on_o the_o ground_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n where_o they_o fight_v and_o the_o success_n be_v long_o doubtful_a till_o the_o roman_n force_v the_o mercenary_n who_o have_v the_o vanguard_n to_o give_v back_o who_o as_o they_o retreat_v fall_v in_o among_o the_o elephant_n those_o animal_n be_v disorder_v break_v the_o line_n that_o sustain_v their_o rear_n which_o accident_n discompose_v the_o whole_a army_n whereupon_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n the_o roman_n make_v great_a slaughter_n among_o they_o many_o be_v slay_v and_o but_o a_o few_o get_v into_o heraclea_n the_o conqueror_n take_v most_o of_o the_o elephant_n and_o all_o the_o cathaginian_a baggage_n but_o what_o with_o the_o joy_n of_o the_o victory_n and_o weariness_n of_o the_o soldier_n after_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_a guard_n the_o follow_a night_n be_v not_o keep_v with_o their_o customary_a vigilance_n which_o be_v perceive_v by_o hannibal_n who_o now_o despair_v of_o safety_n in_o the_o town_n take_v this_o negligence_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o a_o invitation_n to_o he_o to_o attempt_v his_o escape_n he_o therefore_o about_o midnight_n with_o the_o foreign_a troop_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n take_v his_o march_n and_o fill_v the_o roman_a trench_n with_o faggot_n pass_v over_o their_o work_n and_o escape_v unhurt_a and_o unseen_a the_o roman_n who_o see_v not_o their_o error_n till_o the_o morning_n content_v themselves_o with_o a_o short_a pursuit_n attacking_z they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o town_n without_o resistance_n where_o they_o take_v many_o slave_n and_o a_o inestimable_a booty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o riches_n there_o be_v great_a joy_n at_o rome_n on_o the_o news_n of_o the_o take_n of_o agrigentum_n every-body_n be_v please_v and_o each_o man_n courage_n and_o hope_n be_v raise_v and_o they_o resolve_v to_o prosecute_v the_o success_n of_o these_o their_o first_o enterprise_n they_o think_v it_o not_o now_o enough_o to_o have_v rescue_v messina_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o the_o war_n but_o elevate_v their_o purpose_n and_o expectation_n to_o the_o entire_a expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o exalt_v the_o roman_a name_n and_o power_n for_o indeed_o that_o be_v the_o true_a mark_n towards_o which_o all_o their_o aim_n be_v level_v to_o proceed_v it_o be_v now_o evident_a that_o the_o roman_n be_v superior_a by_o land_n and_o that_o their_o hope_n be_v not_o ill_o ground_v that_o l._n valerius_n and_o l._n octacilius_n the_o new_a consul_n successor_n to_o those_o who_o take_v agrigentum_n will_v be_v able_a to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o sicily_n but_o still_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v master_n at_o sea_n and_o this_o regard_v preserve_v they_o yet_o in_o equal_a term_n and_o hope_n with_o their_o enemy_n it_o be_v
all_o expedition_n according_o he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n come_v forthwith_o to_o carthage_n where_o be_v choose_v their_o three_o general_n he_o and_o asdrubal_n fall_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o conclude_v that_o above_o all_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o succour_n the_o province_n and_o not_o endure_v that_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v their_o incursion_n and_o such_o spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n proceed_v and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n make_v a_o mighty_a progress_n all_o such_o town_n as_o he_o attack_v that_o have_v no_o wall_n he_o carry_v at_o the_o first_o assault_n and_o such_o as_o be_v fortify_v he_o besiege_a and_o come_v to_o adda_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v the_o usefulness_n of_o that_o 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light_n arm_v foot_n and_o those_o who_o carry_v buckler_n in_o the_o rear_n but_o when_o he_o observe_v the_o enemy_n to_o approach_v with_o precipitation_n and_o as_o it_o be_v without_o any_o order_n he_o present_o change_v the_o order_n of_o his_o battle_n command_v those_o who_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n to_o advance_v to_o the_o front_n who_o march_v with_o a_o compass_n become_v opposs_v in_o battle_n to_o the_o enemy_n who_o take_v those_o motion_n to_o be_v a_o effect_n of_o fear_n and_o a_o sort_n of_o retreat_n attack_v they_o with_o great_a resolution_n though_o without_o any_o order_n but_o hamilcar_n horse_n be_v no_o soon_o advance_v and_o those_o who_o follow_v they_o bold_o sustain_v they_o and_o altogether_o come_v to_o the_o charge_n when_o the_o enemy_n who_o come_v in_o confusion_n and_o in_o haste_n begin_v to_o fear_v find_v so_o contrary_a to_o their_o opinion_n the_o resistance_n that_o be_v make_v which_o not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v they_o soon_o betake_v 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the_o great_a be_v the_o injury_n and_o avarice_n of_o magistrate_n and_o man_n in_o authority_n whereof_o we_o have_v a_o bloody_a example_n now_o before_o we_o the_o truth_n of_o which_o be_v make_v manifest_a as_o well_o in_o the_o soldier_n as_o their_o officer_n hamilcar_n great_o provoke_v at_o these_o barbarity_n order_v hanno_n to_o join_v he_o conclude_v that_o by_o unite_n all_o their_o troop_n into_o one_o body_n they_o shall_v soon_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n and_o now_o contrary_a to_o his_o custom_n he_o put_v all_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o death_n who_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n prisoner_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o army_n he_o order_v they_o without_o mercy_n to_o be_v devour_v of_o wild_a beast_n be_v at_o length_n convince_v that_o the_o only_a remedy_n to_o the_o evil_n under_o which_o they_o suffer_v be_v to_o extend_v no_o compassion_n to_o the_o offender_n but_o to_o diminish_v and_o utter_o destroy_v they_o by_o all_o mean_v 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this_o he_o wise_o see_v to_o be_v his_o safe_a course_n as_o conduce_v to_o the_o better_a support_n of_o his_o power_n in_o sicily_n and_o the_o conservation_n of_o his_o alliance_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n foresee_v that_o if_o carthage_n be_v not_o preserve_v in_o a_o state_n to_o give_v they_o jealousy_n it_o may_v be_v his_o lot_n one_o day_n to_o lie_v at_o their_o mercy_n without_o any_o prospect_n of_o redress_n herein_o i_o say_v hiero_n do_v without_o question_n proceed_v like_o a_o prudent_a prince_n it_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a safe_a to_o let_v a_o little_a mischief_n grow_v to_o a_o head_n but_o to_o prevent_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a the_o exorbitant_a increase_n of_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n power_n lest_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v too_o late_a you_o find_v it_o past_o your_o ability_n to_o withstand_v he_o when_o your_o own_o proper_a interest_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v contest_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o 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both_o besiege_v and_o be_v besiege_v be_v reduce_v to_o so_o great_a strait_n for_o provision_n and_o all_o other_o store_v and_o necessary_n by_o the_o good_a management_n of_o hamilcar_n that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o rise_v from_o before_o the_o city_n and_o select_v out_o fifty_o thousand_o of_o the_o choice_a man_n in_o their_o army_n with_o who_o there_o join_v a_o man_n of_o note_n call_v zarxas_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o own_o people_n with_o which_o army_n they_o march_v to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n and_o observe_v the_o motion_n of_o hamilcar_n keep_v however_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o hill_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o the_o elephant_n and_o the_o horse_n of_o naravasus_n still_o use_v their_o utmost_a industry_n to_o keep_v possession_n of_o those_o fastness_n and_o though_o in_o courage_n and_o hardiness_n they_o be_v equal_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v worsted_n and_o
light_v their_o fire_n in_o their_o camp_n depart_v leave_v their_o horse_n behind_o with_o order_n to_o follow_v they_o the_o same_o way_n they_o take_v with_o command_n at_o break_v of_o day_n to_o show_v themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o take_v their_o march_n silent_o towards_o faesula_n where_o they_o halt_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n up_o of_o their_o horse_n and_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n by_o surprise_n if_o they_o shall_v advance_v after_o they_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o roman_n perceive_v they_o be_v retreat_v and_o have_v leave_v only_o their_o horse_n eager_o go_v on_o the_o pursuit_n take_v for_o grant_v that_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o flight_n but_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o advance_v within_o distance_n when_o the_o gaul_n who_o lie_v in_o ambush_n begin_v to_o appear_v and_o a_o very_a sharp_a conflict_n ensue_v wherein_o the_o boldness_n and_o number_n of_o the_o gaul_n prevail_v of_o the_o roman_n there_o 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with_o caution_n what_o they_o do_v he_o say_v the_o plunder_n they_o have_v take_v be_v already_o very_o great_a their_o prisoner_n and_o the_o cattle_n and_o other_o booty_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v beyond_o all_o computation_n that_o on_o this_o consideration_n it_o seem_v to_o he_o that_o their_o best_a course_n be_v not_o to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n which_o may_v prove_v the_o total_a ruin_n of_o their_o affair_n that_o the_o safe_a counsel_n they_o can_v take_v be_v now_o to_o retreat_n and_o march_v back_o to_o their_o country_n while_o they_o may_v do_v it_o with_o safety_n where_o when_o they_o have_v disencumber_v themselves_o of_o their_o plunder_n they_o may_v with_o ease_n return_n and_o engage_v the_o roman_n if_o it_o be_v conclude_v reasonable_a so_o this_o opinion_n of_o aneroestus_n be_v approve_v and_o follow_v and_o the_o gaul_n decamp_v the_o same_o night_n take_v their_o march_n along_o the_o coast_n towards_o the_o frontier_n of_o tuscany_n aemilius_n have_v receive_v into_o his_o army_n those_o troop_n that_o be_v encamp_v on_o the_o hill_n after_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o think_v it_o safe_a to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n but_o determine_v to_o keep_v in_o their_o rear_n and_o vigilant_o take_v occasion_n of_o advantage_n upon_o they_o and_o attempt_v to_o recover_v at_o least_o part_n of_o their_o plunder_n but_o behold_v at_o this_o very_a time_n the_o other_o consul_n c._n atilius_n be_v return_v with_o the_o army_n out_o of_o sardinia_n be_v lead_v they_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n towards_o rome_n who_o utter_o ignorant_a of_o what_o have_v pass_v happen_v to_o take_v the_o same_o way_n the_o gaul_n do_v and_o be_v march_v not_o far_o before_o they_o the_o enemy_n be_v now_o arrive_v near_o telamena_n a_o promontory_n of_o tuscany_n when_o some_o of_o their_o forager_n fall_v into_o atilius_n hand_n who_o give_v he_o intelligence_n of_o all_o that_o have_v pass_v assure_v he_o that_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o army_n be_v not_o far_o off_o that_o the_o gaul_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o that_o aemilius_n be_v hard_a at_o their_o rear_n the_o consul_n be_v a_o little_a perplex_v at_o the_o news_n nevertheless_o assure_v of_o victory_n by_o thus_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o enclose_v they_o between_o their_o two_o army_n he_o order_v the_o tribune_n to_o draw_v up_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o to_o enlarge_v their_o front_n as_o wide_a as_o the_o ground_n will_v possible_o permit_v and_o now_o have_v observe_v a_o eminence_n which_o command_v the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o enemy_n must_v necessary_o pass_v he_o go_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o that_o post_n design_v from_o thence_o to_o give_v the_o first_o attack_v conceive_v that_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n will_v thereby_o be_v in_o a_o great_a degree_n ascribe_v to_o he_o but_o the_o gaul_n who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o arrival_n of_o atilius_n believe_v 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least_o molestation_n in_o his_o passage_n in_o this_o town_n hannibal_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o day_n to_o rest_n and_o refresh_v his_o army_n and_o then_o prosecute_v his_o journey_n for_o three_o day_n together_o he_o march_v without_o trouble_n or_o alarm_n but_o the_o four_o he_o fall_v into_o much_o danger_n the_o people_n inhabit_v in_o the_o town_n on_o the_o way_n he_o be_v to_o pass_v have_v secret_o conspire_v against_o he_o meet_v he_o however_o with_o olive-branch_n and_o garland_n of_o flower_n sign_n among_o the_o barbarian_n of_o peace_n and_o friendship_n as_o the_o caduceus_n be_v among_o the_o greek_n hannibal_n who_o have_v now_o learn_v how_o far_o he_o be_v to_o trust_v these_o people_n endeavour_v by_o question_n to_o inform_v himself_o of_o their_o purpose_n they_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v notice_n of_o his_o success_n against_o the_o town_n and_o of_o the_o loss_n and_o defeat_n of_o those_o who_o have_v attack_v he_o in_o his_o march_n but_o as_o to_o themselves_o they_o come_v to_o give_v he_o assurance_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o do_v he_o no_o injury_n nor_o suffer_v any_o to_o be_v do_v to_o he_o by_o other_o and_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n hannibal_n remain_v long_o undetermined_a what_o to_o do_v have_v no_o great_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n but_o in_o the_o end_n weigh_v that_o to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o believe_v they_o may_v work_v on_o their_o good-nature_n and_o by_o degree_n win_v they_o to_o his_o friendship_n if_o he_o seem_v to_o accept_v their_o tender_v and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n they_o may_v present_o become_v his_o enemy_n he_o feign_v to_o consent_v to_o their_o proposal_n and_o seem_v as_o they_o do_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o term_n of_o friendship_n with_o they_o in_o short_a after_o these_o barbarian_n have_v give_v he_o security_n for_o their_o peaceable_a behaviour_n supply_v his_o army_n with_o provision_n and_o that_o they_o converse_v among_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o freedom_n and_o confidence_n hannibal_n begin_v to_o have_v a_o better_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n and_o accept_v their_o service_n for_o his_o guide_n through_o the_o many_o remain_v difficult_a way_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v howbeit_o after_o they_o have_v thus_o conduct_v the_o army_n for_o two_o day_n together_o they_o assemble_v at_o length_n all_o into_o one_o body_n and_o attack_v the_o rear_n at_o a_o defile_v or_o straight_a passage_n as_o they_o be_v march_v in_o a_o valley_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o break_a ground_n great_a likelihood_n there_o be_v that_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n have_v here_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o be_v entire_o destroy_v have_v not_o their_o general_n who_o reserve_v a_o secret_a doubt_n of_o the_o well-meaning_a of_o this_o people_n obviate_v the_o mischief_n of_o this_o treasonable_a purpose_n of_o they_o by_o order_v his_o horse_n and_o baggage_n to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n of_o the_o army_n and_o his_o choice_a foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o rear_n but_o have_v dispose_v matter_n after_o this_o manner_n his_o loss_n become_v less_o grievous_a for_o his_o foot_n in_o the_o arrearguard_n prove_v sufficient_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o attempt_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o without_o great_a loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o horse_n and_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o ground_n above_o they_o bring_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o army_n by_o roll_a down_n mighty_a stone_n and_o rock_n from_o the_o precipice_n upon_o they_o and_o shower_v volley_n of_o stone_n on_o their_o head_n that_o hannibal_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n for_o that_o night_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o eminence_n expose_v
to_o the_o open_a sky_n with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v with_o he_o remote_a from_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n and_o the_o baggage_n the_o better_a to_o cover_v and_o defend_v they_o from_o danger_n who_o be_v hardly_o able_a in_o all_o that_o night_n with_o great_a labour_n to_o compass_v their_o passage_n through_o the_o valley_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o enemy_n be_v now_o retire_v hannibal_n join_v his_o army_n and_o baggage_n and_o advance_v towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_n after_o this_o the_o gaul_n attempt_v no_o more_o to_o attack_v they_o in_o body_n but_o in_o small_a party_n and_o with_o less_o ardour_n than_o before_o nevertheless_o fall_v sometime_o on_o the_o van_n sometime_o on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n they_o seldom_o fail_v of_o make_v some_o spoil_n of_o the_o baggage_n the_o elephant_n happen_v to_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o conflict_n for_o wheresoever_o they_o chance_v to_o appear_v they_o so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o the_o army_n march_v by_o that_o mean_n with_o much_o less_o molestation_n in_o nine_o day_n after_o this_o hannibal_n gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o he_o halt_v two_o day_n be_v willing_a to_o give_v some_o repose_n to_o such_o of_o his_o army_n as_o be_v come_v thus_o far_o without_o wound_n or_o sickness_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n that_o be_v yet_o behind_o during_o this_o stay_n many_o horse_n and_o beast_n of_o carriage_n which_o have_v fall_v and_o stray_v out_o of_o the_o way_n come_v in_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n follow_v the_o track_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o the_o beholder_n but_o whereas_o the_o snow_n be_v yet_o great_a in_o the_o mountain_n winter_n not_o be_v there_o quite_o over_o hannibal_n perceive_v his_o soldier_n to_o be_v somewhat_o discourage_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o suffering_n they_o have_v already_o feel_v and_o out_o of_o apprehension_n of_o what_o yet_o threaten_v they_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o be_v assemble_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v speak_v to_o they_o and_o inspire_v they_o with_o new_a resolution_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n better_a effect_n than_o by_o give_v they_o a_o view_n and_o prospect_n of_o italy_n which_o in_o a_o word_n lie_v so_o fair_o to_o the_o eye_n spread_v and_o extend_v itself_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o mountain_n that_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v design_v they_o as_o a_o rampart_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v it_o so_o he_o give_v they_o a_o survey_n of_o the_o champaign_n country_n that_o spread_v itself_o all_o about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v how_o welcome_a they_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o people_n that_o inhabit_a it_o he_o point_v out_o likewise_o to_o they_o whereabout_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n stand_v and_o by_o this_o artifice_n animate_v his_o harassed_a army_n the_o day_n follow_v he_o decamp_v and_o begin_v to_o descend_v the_o mountain_n and_o now_o see_v no_o more_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o molest_v they_o in_o their_o march_n save_v some_o small_a scatter_a party_n who_o rather_o await_v occasion_n how_o to_o steal_v than_o to_o fight_v howbeit_o hannibal_n loss_n be_v not_o lessen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a snow_n and_o the_o exceed_a bad_a march_n they_o have_v have_v which_o much_o weaken_a the_o army_n nor_o be_v their_o passage_n much_o better_a in_o the_o descent_n for_o what_o with_o the_o straight_o steep_a and_o slippery_a way_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n the_o soldier_n know_v not_o where_o to_o set_v his_o foot_n with_o safety_n for_o whenever_o they_o slip_v they_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v and_o swallow_v up_o in_o the_o depth_n and_o precipice_n which_o lay_v hide_v and_o cover_v by_o the_o snow_n nevertheless_o the_o long_a practice_n in_o those_o hardship_n and_o danger_n teach_v they_o to_o suffer_v all_o with_o constancy_n but_o at_o length_n come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o their_o elephant_n nor_o horse_n can_v pass_v the_o way_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a before_o be_v now_o by_o the_o fall_n away_o of_o some_o of_o the_o earth_n become_v more_o difficult_a renew_v their_o fear_n which_o be_v manifest_a over_o the_o whole_a army_n upon_o this_o accident_n hannibal_n take_v a_o resolution_n to_o attempt_v another_o way_n by_o take_v a_o compass_n about_o those_o mountain_n though_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n of_o any_o passage_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o great_a snow_n render_v that_o resolution_n too_o hazardous_a all_o place_n be_v cover_v and_o hide_v from_o the_o view_n he_o therefore_o change_v his_o purpose_n in_o the_o interim_n there_o have_v fall_v much_o new_a snow_n on_o that_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o winter_n before_o this_o last_o be_v loose_a and_o not_o yet_o deep_a yield_v firm_a footing_n enough_o to_o the_o soldier_n but_o this_o be_v no_o soon_o trample_v on_o but_o it_o dissolve_v into_o dirt_n and_o mire_n whereby_o the_o snow_n of_o last_o year_n be_v freeze_v under_o it_o it_o become_v impossible_a to_o march_v thereon_o any_o more_o than_o on_o ice_n itself_o none_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v their_o foot_n and_o when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o sustain_v themselves_o on_o their_o hand_n and_o knee_n they_o often_o slide_v and_o be_v lose_v in_o pit_n and_o precipice_n when_o their_o horse_n at_o any_o time_n slip_v they_o by_o their_o weight_n and_o labour_v break_v the_o ice_n under_o they_o and_o so_o become_v bury_v and_o freeze_v to_o death_n whereupon_o hannibal_n now_o desperate_a of_o obtain_v his_o passage_n that_o way_n encamp_v his_o army_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o pass_n after_o he_o have_v first_o order_v the_o snow_n to_o be_v remove_v which_o cover_v all_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o wrought_v into_o the_o hill_n itself_o and_o by_o unspeakable_a pain_n make_v his_o passage_n at_o length_n through_o it_o so_o in_o one_o day_n he_o make_v way_n for_o his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o pass_v which_o immediate_o march_v on_o and_o now_o decamp_v the_o army_n he_o send_v his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o forage_v and_o recruit_v themselves_o as_o they_o can_v come_v at_o pasture_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o cover_v with_o snow_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o order_v the_o numidian_n to_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o elephant_n which_o cost_v they_o three_o day_n labour_v with_o great_a difficulty_n to_o effect_v but_o at_o length_n they_o make_v way_n for_o those_o animal_n which_o have_v suffer_v much_o and_o be_v almost_o dead_a with_o hunger_n for_o there_o be_v neither_o forage_n nor_o tree_n to_o be_v find_v on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n nor_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o ground_n lie_v ever_o cover_v with_o snow_n winter_n and_o summer_n but_o the_o low_a ground_n on_o all_o side_n produce_v wood_n and_o covert_n and_o there_o be_v no_o place_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v not_o habitable_a after_o hannibal_n have_v unite_v his_o troop_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n get_v past_o these_o difficult_a and_o incommodious_a place_n whereof_o we_o have_v give_v a_o account_n and_o recover_v the_o plain_n howbeit_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o great_a number_n of_o his_o people_n for_o many_o fall_v by_o the_o enemy_n many_o be_v drown_v in_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o many_o of_o sickness_n and_o the_o hardship_n of_o their_o march_n to_o and_o over_o the_o alps_n and_o as_o he_o lose_v many_o man_n so_o his_o loss_n of_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o burden_n be_v yet_o much_o great_a in_o a_o word_n after_o a_o march_n of_o five_o month_n from_o his_o departure_n from_o new-carthage_n and_o fifteen_o day_n passage_n over_o the_o alps_n he_o bold_o advance_v into_o the_o champaign_n country_n lie_v about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o of_o the_o troop_n that_o march_v out_o with_o he_o there_o now_o remain_v of_o african_n about_o twelve_o thousand_o eight_o thousand_o spaniard_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n according_a to_o his_o own_o register_n leave_v by_o he_o engrave_v on_o the_o column_n at_o lacinium_n which_o specify_v that_o number_n about_o this_o time_n publius_n cornelius_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o troop_n with_o cneius_n his_o brother_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o asdrubal_n in_o spain_n embark_v for_o pisa_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v through_o tuscany_n join_v the_o army_n of_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v in_o service_n in_o that_o country_n against_o the_o boian_o with_o these_o he_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o the_o po_n where_o he_o encamp_v with_o design_n to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n with_o
change_v from_o what_o they_o be_v that_o both_o in_o clothes_n and_o countenance_n they_o appear_v more_o like_a savage_n than_o soldier_n wherefore_o his_o first_o and_o chief_a care_n be_v to_o restore_v health_n and_o strength_n to_o their_o body_n and_o vigour_n to_o their_o mind_n and_o to_o recruit_v and_o strengthen_v his_o horse_n when_o his_o army_n be_v refresh_v his_o next_o business_n be_v to_o endeavour_v a_o alliance_n with_o the_o taurinians_n who_o inhabit_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o alps_n and_o who_o at_o that_o time_n have_v war_n with_o the_o insubrian_o but_o they_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o trust_v the_o carthaginian_n wherefore_o after_o have_v long_o solicit_v they_o to_o friendship_n in_o vain_a he_o sit_v down_o before_o their_o capital_a town_n which_o in_o three_o day_n he_o take_v and_o all_o that_o make_v resistance_n he_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n which_o strike_v the_o neighbour_a barbarian_n with_o such_o terror_n that_o they_o come_v all_o afterward_o in_o to_o he_o as_o one_o man_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o his_o discretion_n these_o indeed_o be_v constrain_v but_o the_o other_o gaul_n who_o possess_v the_o country_n about_o the_o po_n cheerful_o take_v part_n with_o hannibal_n as_o be_v late_o observe_v but_o in_o regard_n now_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v advance_v so_o near_o they_o adventure_v not_o present_o to_o show_v their_o goodwill_n but_o some_o of_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o whereupon_o hannibal_n think_v it_o the_o wise_a way_n not_o to_o defer_v long_o but_o to_o take_v his_o march_n into_o their_o country_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o some_o notable_a action_n he_o may_v establish_v the_o courage_n and_o renew_v the_o hope_n of_o those_o who_o be_v dispose_v to_o engage_v with_o he_o during_o these_o motion_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v pass_v the_o po_n with_o all_o the_o legion_n and_o be_v not_o now_o far_o off_o but_o this_o news_n he_o do_v not_o present_o believe_v inasmuch_o as_o he_o know_v he_o have_v leave_v scipio_n about_o the_o rhosne_fw-fr and_o that_o the_o passage_n by_o sea_n from_o marseilles_n to_o tuscany_n be_v tedious_a and_o difficult_a furthermore_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o march_n from_o tuscany_n to_o the_o alps_n be_v not_o only_o long_a but_o hardly_o to_o be_v surmount_v by_o a_o army_n but_o in_o the_o end_n fresh_a advice_n come_v daily_o to_o he_o of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o he_o become_v great_o surprise_v at_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n who_o be_v no_o less_o astonish_v at_o the_o expedition_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a for_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o hannibal_n will_v not_o have_v attempt_v to_o adventure_v over_o the_o alps_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n compose_v of_o so_o many_o divers_a nation_n or_o that_o if_o he_o be_v so_o hardy_a he_o must_v have_v miserable_o perish_v by_o the_o way_n but_o when_o he_o become_v assure_v that_o they_o be_v get_v over_o those_o difficulty_n and_o be_v now_o in_o italy_n and_o far_o that_o they_o have_v already_o besiege_v and_o take_v town_n he_o admire_v the_o intrepid_a boldness_n of_o their_o leader_n who_o attempt_n have_v exceed_v the_o power_n of_o imagination_n itself_o this_o news_n be_v likewise_o hear_v at_o rome_n with_o terror_n enough_o where_o after_o they_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o the_o take_n of_o saguntum_n by_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o while_o they_o be_v as_o it_o be_v deliberate_v to_o send_v one_o of_o their_o consul_n into_o africa_n to_o attack_v carthage_n and_o the_o other_o into_o spain_n to_o make_v war_n on_o hannibal_n they_o receive_v notice_n that_o hannibal_n himself_o be_v in_o italy_n besiege_v of_o to_n this_o be_v so_o surprise_v to_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o dread_n thereof_o make_v they_o send_v a_o express_a to_o tiberius_n now_o at_o lilybaeum_n to_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o enjoin_v he_o to_o postpone_v all_o other_o affair_n whatsoever_o and_o repair_v with_o all_o the_o expedition_n he_o can_v to_o the_o rescue_n of_o his_o country_n whereupon_o tiberius_n assemble_v his_o maritime_a force_n and_o embark_v forthwith_o for_o rome_n leave_v his_o order_n with_o the_o respective_a tribune_n to_o draw_v together_o what_o troop_n they_o can_v out_o of_o their_o several_a garrison_n and_o set_v they_o a_o day_n to_o rendezvous_n at_o rimini_n a_o town_n stand_v on_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a on_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o plain_n that_o be_v water_v by_o the_o river_n po_n towards_o the_o south_n so_o that_o great_a trouble_n and_o tumult_n be_v spread_v all_o over_o the_o country_n which_o be_v alarm_v on_o all_o quarter_n with_o evil_a tiding_n the_o roman_n be_v in_o great_a suspense_n about_o the_o issue_n of_o the_o war._n and_o now_o hannibal_n and_o scipio_n draw_v near_o each_o other_o and_o mutual_o animate_v their_o soldier_n speak_v to_o they_o in_o such_o term_n as_o the_o time_n and_o the_o occasion_n require_v hannibal_n incite_v his_o troop_n after_o this_o or_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o army_n which_o he_o have_v assemble_v for_o that_o purpose_n certain_a young_a man_n who_o be_v prisoner_n of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o that_o have_v be_v take_v vex_v and_o plunder_v the_o army_n in_o their_o march_n over_o the_o alps_n who_o he_o have_v therefore_o keep_v in_o very_o hard_a durance_n in_o short_a they_o appear_v load_v with_o iron_n starve_v almost_o to_o death_n bear_v on_o their_o naked_a body_n the_o mark_n of_o the_o ill_a treatment_n they_o have_v suffer_v in_o this_o state_n these_o wretch_n be_v present_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o army_n where_o arm_n be_v bring_v and_o lay_v before_o they_o such_o as_o be_v use_v among_o the_o gaul_n and_o not_o unlike_o those_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o nation_n make_v use_v of_o in_o their_o single_a combat_n beside_o 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be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o train_n and_o stratagem_n of_o their_o enemy_n wherefore_o he_o who_o wise_o study_v and_o attain_v a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o frailty_n and_o weak-side_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o attack_n he_o there_o by_o vanquish_a the_o leader_n will_v soon_o be_v master_n both_o of_o the_o general_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o a_o vessel_n that_o have_v once_o lose_v her_o pilot_n be_v not_o long_o able_a to_o dispute_v it_o with_o a_o enemy_n and_o by_o take_v he_o we_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o all_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n so_o in_o war_n where_o the_o one_o general_n be_v superior_a in_o cunning_a or_o military_a ability_n to_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v also_o render_v his_o army_n superior_a to_o his_o enemy_n thus_o in_o a_o word_n our_o wise_a african_a have_v take_v a_o scantling_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v capacity_n come_v at_o length_n to_o gain_v his_o point_n after_o hannibal_n have_v decamp_v from_o about_o fesulé_n and_o have_v march_v by_o and_o get_v some_o distance_n beyond_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o sell_v on_o their_o frontier_n whereupon_o the_o consul_n become_v enrage_v to_o be_v thus_o contemn_v as_o he_o conceive_v but_o hannibal_n have_v no_o soon_o begin_v to_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o the_o smoke_n which_o appear_v every_o where_n from_o far_o make_v it_o manifest_v that_o he_o be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o flaminius_n can_v not_o then_o abstain_v from_o tear_n nevertheless_o when_o any_o undertake_v to_o advise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v the_o safe_a course_n however_o not_o to_o follow_v and_o engage_v temerarious_o with_o the_o enemy_n nor_o to_o come_v too_o hasty_o and_o without_o mature_a deliberation_n ration_n to_o a_o battle_n with_o a_o army_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o horse_n and_o above_o all_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o other_o consul_n and_o not_o adventure_v on_o action_n till_o all_o their_o troop_n be_v incorporate_v he_o lend_v so_o deaf_a a_o ear_n to_o these_o counsel_n that_o he_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o demand_v of_o those_o who_o thus_o advise_v he_o what_o they_o think_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v say_v of_o he_o shall_v he_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n while_o he_o remain_v in_o tuscany_n a_o idle_a spectator_n of_o the_o desolation_n of_o his_o country_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n wherefore_o he_o decamp_v and_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o march_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o season_n or_o situation_n think_v on_o nothing_o but_o how_o he_o may_v come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n as_o if_o victory_n be_v the_o thing_n of_o all_o other_o he_o least_o doubt_v and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o have_v possess_v the_o army_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o expectation_n of_o success_n that_o there_o be_v see_v more_o camp-wenche_n and_o the_o rake_v holy_a equipage_n of_o boy_n a_o vagabond_n follow_v the_o army_n than_o there_o be_v soldier_n who_o bare_a arm_n and_o all_o this_o rabble_n bring_v with_o they_o chain_n and_o shackle_n to_o secure_v the_o prisoner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n lead_v his_o army_n through_o tuscany_n on_o that_o quarter_n that_o lie_v towards_o rome_n leave_v the_o city_n of_o corone_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n on_o his_o left-hand_a and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o lake_n thrasimene_n and_o the_o more_o to_o provoke_v the_o roman_n he_o sack_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n that_o lay_v in_o his_o march_n and_o do_v they_o all_o the_o other_o mischief_n that_o be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o cruel_a war._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o flaminius_n and_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o ground_n proper_a to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o execution_n he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v sight_v no_o long_o the_o ground_n he_o have_v choose_v lie_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o tract_n of_o plain_a even_a ground_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n a_o good_a distance_n this_o level_n or_o vale_n lay_v between_o and_o be_v enclose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n the_o far_a end_n thereof_o be_v bound_v by_o a_o inaccessible_a eminence_n and_o the_o entrance_n border_v on_o a_o lake_n between_o which_o and_o the_o say_a mountain_n there_o be_v a_o very_a narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v which_o lead_v into_o the_o plain_a hannibal_n then_o have_v pass_v into_o the_o plain_a by_o that_o straight_a take_v first_o possession_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n he_o have_v in_o front_n where_o he_o lodge_v his_o spaniard_n and_o african_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_n he_o post_v the_o baleares_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n order_v in_o one_o deep_a file_n and_o post_v the_o gaulish_a horse_n in_o the_o like_a order_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o his_o left_a in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o defile_v we_o mention_v between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o the_o plain_a these_o order_n be_v execute_v in_o the_o night_n and_o hannibal_n have_v thus_o surround_v the_o plain_a he_o remain_v quiet_a make_v show_n of_o a_o desire_n to_o sit_v still_o and_o attempt_v nothing_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n flaminius_n follow_v close_o at_o his_o rear_n eager_o pursue_v his_o determination_n to_o attack_v he_o and_o arrive_v in_o the_o evening_n near_o the_o lake_n thrasimene_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o early_o the_o next_o morning_n march_v with_o his_o vanguard_n along_o the_o vale_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n with_o determination_n to_o fall_v on_o the_o
enemy_n the_o day_n prove_v very_o dark_a and_o lower_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a fog_n that_o be_v rise_v nevertheless_o hannibal_n upon_o notice_n that_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v now_o enter_v on_o the_o plain_a and_o that_o their_o vanguard_n be_v hard_o at_o hand_n give_v the_o signal_n of_o battle_n dispatch_v his_o order_n to_o those_o who_o be_v in_o ambush_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v on_o the_o sudden_a surround_v and_o at_o once_o attack_v on_o all_o side_n flaminius_z and_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o he_o be_v strike_v with_o astonishment_n at_o this_o surprise_v shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o fog_n be_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o see_v about_o they_o and_o the_o enemy_n fall_v among_o they_o from_o the_o hill_n in_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o tribunes_z and_o captain_n of_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o discern_v which_o way_n to_o lead_v their_o man_n nor_o how_o to_o bring_v succour_n and_o relief_n where_o it_o be_v want_v and_o be_v in_o a_o word_n total_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o for_o they_o be_v charge_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n in_o front_n flank_n and_o rear_n by_o which_o mean_v great_a number_n be_v slay_v not_o as_o man_n sight_v like_o soldier_n in_o battle_n but_o take_v as_o it_o be_v by_o stealth_n in_o their_o march_n ere_o they_o be_v able_a to_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n be_v as_o one_o may_v say_v betray_v and_o ensnare_v by_o the_o imprudence_n of_o their_o general_n flaminius_n himself_o now_o destitute_a both_o of_o hope_n and_o resolution_n fall_v among_o a_o party_n of_o gaul_n be_v by_o they_o environ_v and_o slay_v in_o this_o battle_n there_o fall_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o number_n of_o fifteen_o thousand_o who_o be_v so_o beset_v that_o they_o can_v neither_o fight_v nor_o sly_a for_o it_o be_v religious_o observe_v in_o the_o roman_a discipline_n never_o to_o abandon_v their_o rank_n or_o break_v their_o order_n by_o flight_n those_o who_o be_v surprise_v in_o the_o passage_n between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n die_v miserable_o for_o be_v push_v by_o the_o enemy_n into_o the_o lake_n some_o be_v force_v into_o the_o water_n with_o their_o arm_n not_o have_v leisure_n to_o think_v what_o they_o do_v be_v unfortunate_o drown_v other_o be_v the_o great_a part_n enter_v the_o lake_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v able_a leave_v nothing_o above_o water_n but_o their_o head_n where_o they_o remain_v a_o while_n till_o the_o horse_n come_v in_o attack_v they_o there_o whereupon_o see_v there_o be_v now_o no_o other_o remedy_n they_o demand_v quarter_n in_o vain_a be_v all_o cut_v off_o those_o who_o be_v not_o slay_v by_o the_o enemy_n kill_v one_o another_o about_o six_o thousand_o who_o be_v well_o advance_v in_o the_o plain_a chance_v to_o have_v the_o better_a of_o the_o enemy_n who_o they_o fight_v with_o in_o front_n but_o in_o regard_n they_o can_v not_o discover_v how_o the_o battle_n go_v they_o know_v not_o whither_o to_o move_v or_o who_o to_o relieve_v though_o it_o have_v be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o have_v do_v much_o towards_o a_o victory_n wherefore_o believe_v they_o may_v light_v on_o some_o further_a occasion_n of_o action_n they_o hold_v on_o their_o march_n advancing_z till_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n where_o after_o they_o have_v remain_v a_o while_n and_o the_o fog_n begin_v to_o clear_v up_o behold_v the_o lamentable_a state_n of_o their_o army_n and_o it_o be_v now_o out_o of_o their_o power_n to_o perform_v any_o service_n to_o purpose_n the_o enemy_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n they_o make_v good_a their_o retreat_n to_o a_o certain_a town_n in_o tuscany_n but_o the_o battle_n be_v no_o soon_o over_o when_o hannibal_n send_v a_o detachment_n of_o spaniard_n and_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n after_o they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o maherbal_n who_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o place_n and_o after_o he_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o extremity_n they_o yield_v to_o his_o discretion_n who_o give_v they_o their_o life_n thus_o have_v we_o give_v the_o narrative_a of_o this_o battle_n that_o be_v seek_v in_o tuscany_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n hannibal_n cause_v maherbal_n prisoner_n to_o who_o quarter_n have_v be_v give_v to_o be_v bring_v before_o he_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n that_o have_v fall_v into_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o fifteen_o thousand_o after_o he_o have_v tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v by_o his_o order_n that_o maherbal_n have_v give_v they_o their_o life_n he_o distribute_v the_o roman_a prisoner_n to_o the_o army_n to_o secure_v they_o under_o a_o good_a guard_n but_o he_o send_v home_o all_o the_o latin_n gratis_o tell_v they_o only_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o note_v that_o he_o be_v not_o come_v to_o invade_v or_o molest_v the_o italian_n but_o to_o rescue_v their_o liberty_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n after_o this_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n into_o quarter_n of_o refreshment_n and_o solemn_o bury_v thirty_o of_o his_o officer_n who_o have_v be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n his_o other_o loss_n be_v inconsiderable_a the_o victory_n not_o cost_v he_o above_o fifteen_o hundred_o man_n whereof_o the_o major_a part_n be_v gaul_n and_o now_o his_o hope_n be_v thus_o just_o raise_v he_o deliberate_v with_o his_o brother_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o friend_n about_o the_o future_a method_n they_o be_v to_o take_v for_o improve_n the_o victory_n they_o have_v gain_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n when_o the_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n of_o this_o defeat_n the_o magistrate_n who_o can_v neither_o soften_v nor_o diminish_v it_o the_o stroke_n have_v fall_v so_o heavy_a assemble_v the_o people_n to_o who_o they_o report_v the_o naked_a truth_n of_o their_o case_n and_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o praetor_n ascend_v the_o tribunal_n pronounce_v these_o word_n we_o be_v overcome_v they_o be_v strike_v with_o such_o terror_n that_o those_o who_o be_v then_o present_a and_o have_v be_v in_o the_o battle_n think_v they_o have_v cause_n to_o believe_v the_o defeat_n be_v great_a in_o rome_n than_o in_o the_o field_n nor_o indeed_o be_v this_o surprise_n without_o reason_n for_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v hold_v so_o long_a a_o possession_n of_o victory_n and_o be_v to_o learn_v the_o mournful_a language_n of_o vanquish_a and_o oppress_v know_v not_o how_o with_o constancy_n to_o support_v a_o affliction_n so_o new_a and_o unexpected_a the_o senate_n only_o preserve_v their_o temper_n with_o decency_n and_o omit_v nothing_o that_o belong_v to_o their_o function_n hold_v frequent_a assembly_n to_o deliberate_v about_o a_o remedy_n for_o the_o disease_n of_o which_o they_o be_v so_o sick_a during_o these_o transaction_n the_o other_o consul_n who_o be_v at_o rimini_n near_o adria_n on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o confine_n of_o italy_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o po_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o hannibal_n be_v advance_v into_o tuscany_n and_o have_v besiege_v flaminius_n in_o his_o camp_n have_v therefore_o resolve_v to_o march_v to_o his_o relief_n and_o join_v their_o troop_n but_o in_o regard_v his_o army_n be_v too_o numerous_a to_o march_v all_o in_o one_o body_n he_o therefore_o pick_v out_o four_o thousand_o horse_n from_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o their_o cavalry_n and_o give_v the_o command_n of_o these_o to_o c._n centronius_n order_v he_o to_o march_v before_o with_o expedition_n in_o order_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o flaminius_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v press_v before_o he_o can_v arrive_v but_o when_o hannibal_n get_v intelligence_n that_o they_o be_v now_o send_v those_o succour_n after_o the_o battle_n be_v lose_v he_o order_v out_o maherbal_n with_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n and_o a_o body_n of_o horse_n to_o encounter_v they_o according_o they_o meet_v with_o centronius_n fight_v with_o he_o and_o beat_v he_o kill_v almost_o half_o his_o man_n on_o the_o place_n and_o force_v the_o rest_n to_o take_v sanctuary_n on_o a_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o the_o next_o day_n they_o fall_v alive_a into_o their_o hand_n it_o be_v but_o three_o day_n ago_o that_o the_o news_n of_o their_o misfortune_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o thrasimene_n come_v to_o rome_n and_o their_o sorrow_n in_o the_o utmost_a ferment_n when_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o affliction_n the_o news_n of_o this_o their_o last_o defeat_n arrive_v when_o behold_v now_o not_o only_o the_o people_n in_o consternation_n but_o the_o senate_n itself_o become_v sensible_o touch_v whereupon_o they_o think_v it_o needful_a without_o deliberate_v on_o the_o election_n of_o
their_o annual_a magistrate_n to_o resolve_v on_o the_o choice_n of_o some_o one_o single_a person_n in_o who_o the_o sole_a authority_n shall_v centre_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n who_o by_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n grow_v to_o believe_v he_o shall_v be_v more_o than_o a_o match_n for_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o approach_v present_o near_a room_n wherefore_o he_o continue_v to_o harrass_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n destroy_v all_o by_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o he_o come_v take_v his_o march_n towards_o adria_n where_o he_o arrive_v in_o ten_o day_n pass_v by_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o picentines_n the_o country_n in_o his_o march_n be_v rich_a the_o plunder_n of_o the_o army_n grow_v so_o great_a and_o cumbersome_a that_o they_o can_v neither_o carry_v nor_o otherwise_o transport_v it_o the_o people_n wherever_o he_o come_v he_o use_v with_o great_a cruelty_n and_o according_a to_o the_o common_a manner_n of_o treatment_n of_o town_n that_o be_v take_v by_o force_n order_v all_o to_o be_v slay_v that_o they_o can_v find_v of_o age_n to_o bear_v arm_n such_o merciless_a impression_n have_v hannibal_n hatred_n to_o the_o roman_n give_v he_o encamp_v now_o not_o far_o from_o adria_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n abound_v in_o all_o thing_n he_o there_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o his_o sick_a and_o infirm_a soldier_n and_o horse_n for_o in_o his_o winter-incampments_a in_o the_o hither_o gaul_n where_o he_o lay_v expose_v to_o all_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o open_a air_n incommode_v by_o the_o stench_n of_o the_o filth_n and_o ordure_n of_o the_o camp_n that_o what_o by_o their_o unwholesome_a incampment_n what_o by_o their_o march_n through_o the_o fen_n both_o man_n and_o horse_n the_o whole_a army_n over_o be_v general_o infect_v with_o a_o disease_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n lemopsoron_n but_o with_o we_o the_o scurf_n or_o scab_n which_o come_v by_o unwholesome_a diet_n and_o hard_a usage_n wherefore_o happen_v into_o this_o place_n so_o commodious_a for_o every_o thing_n he_o be_v willing_a they_o shall_v want_v for_o nothing_o that_o may_v advance_v their_o recovery_n renew_v the_o strength_n and_o recruit_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o soldier_n hannibal_n be_v now_o possess_v of_o great_a quantity_n of_o roman_a arm_n of_o those_o he_o have_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v he_o therefore_o arm_v his_o african_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n he_o also_o dispatch_v letter_n by_o sea_n to_o carthage_n give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o success_n have_v never_o since_o his_o come_n into_o italy_n till_o now_o approach_v the_o sea-coast_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v the_o news_n with_o great_a acclamation_n of_o joy_n and_o deliberate_v how_o best_o to_o reinforce_v and_o supply_v their_o army_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o italy_n with_o all_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n the_o roman_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n create_v fabius_n maximus_n dictator_n a_o person_n of_o a_o noble_a house_n and_o of_o so_o exemplary_a virtue_n that_o his_o single_a merit_n acquire_v to_o his_o family_n the_o title_n of_o maximi_fw-la from_o the_o great_a action_n he_o so_o happy_o wp2787atchieve_v there_o be_v this_o difference_n among_o other_o betwixt_o a_o dictator_n and_o a_o consul_n the_o consul_n have_v but_o twelve_o axe_n carry_v before_o he_o the_o dictator_n twenty_o four_o furthermore_o the_o consul_n can_v act_v in_o many_o thing_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n but_o the_o power_n of_o the_o dictator_n be_v absolute_a and_o independent_a and_o during_o that_o magistracy_n the_o authority_n of_o all_o other_o become_v supersede_v that_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n only_o except_v but_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o particular_o hereof_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n after_o fabius_n have_v be_v name_v for_o dictator_n he_o choose_v m._n minutius_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o charge_n depend_v entire_o on_o the_o dictator_n and_o supply_v his_o place_n in_o the_o army_n when_o absent_a hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v refresh_v his_o army_n move_v by_o easy_a march_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a thereby_o to_o gain_v time_n till_o he_o have_v fill_v his_o troop_n here_o by_o wash_v his_o horse_n with_o old_a wine_n whereof_o the_o country_n abound_v he_o cure_v they_o of_o the_o scratch_n and_o the_o farcy_n neither_o do_v he_o omit_v any_o care_n for_o the_o cure_n and_o recovery_n of_o his_o wound_a man_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o rest_n be_v hearten_v and_o become_v the_o more_o cheerful_o dispose_v to_o go_v on_o such_o future_a hazardous_a service_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v further_a occasion_n to_o use_v they_o in_o thus_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o after_o he_o have_v plunder_v and_o forage_v the_o territory_n of_o pretutium_fw-la adria_n and_o that_o of_o the_o marrucians_n and_o ferentines_n he_o 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and_o their_o ally_n and_o what_o outweighed_a all_o we_o have_v say_v and_o which_o to_o he_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v that_o his_o troop_n have_v no_o hope_n or_o prospect_n of_o safety_n but_o what_o they_o carry_v on_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n which_o be_v fabius_n motive_n to_o work_v with_o so_o much_o cantion_n and_o circumspection_n be_v well_o assure_v the_o enemy_n will_v be_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o battle_n wherefore_o by_o singular_a prudence_n and_o address_n he_o have_v recourse_n only_o to_o those_o advantage_n wherein_o he_o be_v sure_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o strong_a in_o a_o word_n the_o benefit_n the_o roman_n enjoy_v and_o of_o which_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o deprive_v they_o be_v provision_n of_o victual_n and_o store_n of_o war_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o plenty_n of_o good_a man_n to_o recruit_v their_o army_n fabius_n therefore_o hold_v
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to_o depart_v from_o the_o method_n he_o have_v propose_v to_o pursue_v contemn_v all_o those_o vain_a report_n and_o the_o opinion_n which_o the_o people_n have_v conceive_v of_o he_o sometime_o after_o fabius_n be_v call_v to_o rome_n to_o officiate_v at_o their_o sacrifice_n he_o commit_v the_o legion_n to_o the_o conduct_n of_o minutius_n enjoin_v he_o above_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o departure_n to_o have_v a_o more_o vigilant_a eye_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o army_n than_o how_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n but_o minutius_n be_v so_o deaf_a to_o his_o advice_n that_o even_o while_n fabius_n be_v urge_v those_o safe_a counsel_n he_o be_v meditate_v how_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a he_o may_v bring_v it_o about_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o italy_n while_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o spain_n have_v equip_v a_o fleet_n of_o thirty_o vessel_n during_o the_o winter_n which_o have_v be_v leave_v 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countenance_v his_o march_n post_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o cover_v those_o also_o who_o carry_v heavy_a arm_n during_o their_o passage_n by_o that_o straight_a piece_n of_o ground_n along_o by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o who_o be_v draw_v up_o near_a the_o town_n attack_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v post_v to_o cover_v the_o march_n of_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o occasion_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o obstinate_a where_o the_o bucklerman_n perform_v excellent_a service_n but_o in_o conclusion_n the_o king_n have_v the_o better_a here_o likewise_o and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n pass_v the_o river_n without_o difficulty_n and_o join_v the_o phalanx_n but_o night_n now_o approach_v he_o find_v it_o behoveful_a to_o hasten_v his_o retreat_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n just_a without_o the_o straight_a or_o defilée_n it_o so_o 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this_o mutiny_n spread_v so_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n about_o the_o city_n that_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n thereof_o come_v with_o all_o possible_a expedition_n from_o lechoeum_n and_o immediate_o assemble_v the_o macedonian_n partly_o by_o remonstrance_n partly_o by_o menace_n appease_v the_o tumult_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o on_o such_o occasion_n man_n be_v of_o divers_a mind_n some_o advise_v to_o find_v out_o and_o seize_v on_o the_o author_n of_o the_o sedition_n to_o make_v they_o example_n other_o that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o reduce_v thing_n to_o order_n and_o pacify_v the_o tumult_n without_o any_o further_a process_n or_o inquisition_n wherefore_o the_o king_n hide_v his_o purpose_n for_o the_o present_a and_o seem_v well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o he_o have_v already_o do_v exhort_v they_o only_o to_o union_n and_o better_a obedience_n and_o so_o dismiss_v the_o assembly_n not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v well_o aware_a who_o have_v be_v the_o prime_a mover_n and_o instigator_n of_o the_o sedition_n but_o think_v it_o wisdom_n at_o that_o time_n to_o seem_v less_o know_v than_o he_o be_v but_o these_o stir_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o king_n philip_n phocian_n expedition_n likewise_o at_o that_o time_n for_o certain_a reason_n respite_v and_o now_o leontius_n come_v to_o perceive_v the_o vanity_n of_o his_o guilty_a project_n and_o the_o dangerous_a state_n he_o have_v contract_v have_v recourse_n to_o apelles_n solicit_v his_o return_n from_o chalcis_n and_o give_v he_o frequent_a intimation_n of_o the_o many_o difficulty_n he_o meet_v with_o and_o that_o the_o king_n grow_v into_o great_a dislike_n of_o he_o in_o every_o thing_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o during_o apelleâ—_n residence_n at_o chalcis_n his_o deportment_n be_v more_o like_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n than_o a_o subject_a govern_v all_o thing_n with_o a_o arbitrary_a authority_n and_o labour_v to_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o his_o sufficiency_n and_o power_n and_o that_o the_o king_n act_v nothing_o but_o by_o his_o counsel_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o dispose_v absolute_o of_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o all_o who_o be_v in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o have_v charge_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o macedon_n and_o thessaly_n ever_o apply_v to_o he_o and_o take_v his_o direction_n in_o all_o their_o consultation_n and_o iâ—_n short_a when_o at_o any_o time_n any_o of_o the_o greâ—â—_n town_n have_v occasion_n to_o publish_v any_o new_a law_n or_o ordinance_n or_o to_o confer_v honour_n or_o preferment_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n madâ—_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o apelles_n wherefore_o when_o philip_n come_v to_o be_v right_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n he_o grow_v justlâ—_n sensible_a of_o the_o outrage_n that_o have_v be_v donâ—_n he_o nor_o be_v aratus_n want_v to_o warm_a hiâ—_n indignation_n howbeit_o he_o carry_v his_o resentment_n so_o close_o that_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o purpose_n or_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o 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be_v not_o far_o from_o hyrcania_n it_o extend_v towards_o the_o south_n to_o mesopotamia_n and_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o apolloniates_n nor_o be_v it_o remote_a from_o persia_n be_v cover_v on_o that_o side_n by_o the_o mountain_n zagros_n which_o have_v a_o ascent_n of_o above_o twelve_o miles_n and_o whereas_o this_o mountain_n be_v divide_v and_o break_v into_o many_o part_n and_o eminency_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a valley_n and_o deep_a descent_n which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o cossoei_n corbrenoe_n and_o carchi_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o be_v general_o give_v to_o war._n towards_o the_o west_n they_o approach_v the_o country_n of_o atropatii_n who_o be_v not_o far_o from_o those_o people_n who_o dominion_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o euxine_a sea_n the_o frontier_n of_o media_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o elymaei_fw-la ariaracoe_n cadducoei_n matiani_fw-la and_o in_o short_a overlook_v those_o country_n on_o the_o pontic_a sea_n that_o join_v the_o palus_n moeotis_n the_o country_n be_v also_o part_v into_o sundry_a division_n by_o mountain_n which_o run_v through_o it_o from_o east_n to_o west_n between_o which_o there_o be_v plain_n abound_v with_o city_n and_o people_v place_n as_o soon_o as_o molon_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o this_o country_n the_o most_o proper_a of_o all_o other_o wherein_o to_o establish_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o dominion_n over_o and_o above_o that_o he_o be_v become_v formidable_a as_o be_v note_v by_o the_o power_n he_o have_v acquire_v he_o grow_v likewise_o into_o such_o reputation_n that_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n believe_v he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v especial_o when_o they_o see_v the_o king_n army_n have_v be_v force_v to_o retreat_n into_o town_n for_o safety_n which_o they_o take_v for_o grant_v be_v no_o other_o than_o yield_v up_o the_o field_n this_o success_n great_o augment_v the_o courage_n and_o expectation_n of_o his_o army_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o march_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o seleucia_n but_o be_v prevent_v in_o that_o design_n by_o zeux_n who_o have_v seize_v on_o the_o vessel_n of_o transportation_n he_o retire_v to_o a_o place_n call_v ctesiphon_n where_o he_o make_v plentiful_a provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n for_o the_o winter_v of_o his_o army_n when_o the_o king_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o molon_n advance_v and_o that_o his_o own_o army_n retire_v he_o then_o resolve_v to_o go_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o force_n and_o to_o respite_n for_o a_o while_n his_o expedition_z against_o ptolemy_n but_o hermias_n continue_v firm_a to_o his_o purpose_n and_o prevail_v to_o divert_v he_o so_o xenoetas_n a_o achaean_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n have_v as_o absolute_a authority_n as_o if_o the_o king_n have_v be_v there_o in_o person_n hermias_n demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o prince_n to_o make_v war_n against_o rebel_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n but_o that_o king_n ought_v to_o oppose_v themselves_o only_o to_o their_o equal_n where_o glory_n and_o empire_n be_v the_o subject_a in_o dispute_n thus_o have_v the_o young_a prince_n entire_o in_o his_o possession_n he_o prevail_v to_o carry_v on_o his_o first_o design_n so_o they_o go_v to_o apamea_n where_o they_o assemble_v the_o troop_n from_o thence_o the_o king_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o laodicea_n then_o march_v through_o the_o desert_n they_o come_v to_o the_o valley_n of_o marsya_n between_o the_o mountain_n libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n a_o place_n very_o straight_o and_o enclose_v by_o those_o mountain_n which_o come_v almost_o to_o touch_v and_o there_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a it_o be_v full_a of_o low_a and_o watery_a ground_n where_o they_o gather_v odoriferous_a dew_n the_o castle_n of_o brochi_n command_v on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o straight_a on_o the_o other_o that_o of_o gerra_n there_o be_v only_o a_o narrow_a way_n between_o they_o after_o some_o time_n have_v be_v spend_v in_o their_o march_n through_o this_o vale_n and_o the_o take_n in_o some_o neighbour_a town_n the_o king_n approach_v gerra_n but_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o fortress_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o theodotus_n the_o aetolian_a who_o have_v likewise_o well_o fortify_v the_o defilée_n about_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o post_v troop_n commodious_o for_o defence_n the_o king_n resolve_v to_o force_v his_o passage_n but_o when_o he_o have_v well_o consider_v that_o by_o seiges_n he_o shall_v harrass_n his_o army_n and_o be_v more_o a_o sufferer_n himself_o than_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o theodotus_n will_v short_o be_v wrought_v over_o to_o his_o service_n he_o forbear_v to_o prosecute_v that_o enterprise_n so_o that_o have_v no_o present_a prospect_n of_o succeed_v here_o and_o receive_v notice_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o xenoetas_n and_o that_o molon_n victorious_a have_v subdue_v many_o province_n he_o resolve_v to_o relinquish_v all_o other_o design_n and_o deliberate_v on_o those_o affair_n which_o more_o near_o concern_v he_o for_o xenoetas_n as_o we_o note_v be_v send_v with_o a_o authority_n full_a and_o absolute_a can_v not_o well_o bear_v that_o degree_n of_o greatness_n which_o he_o have_v never_o hope_v to_o attain_v but_o grow_v insolent_a towards_o his_o friend_n and_o act_v inconsiderate_o against_o the_o enemy_n for_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o seleucia_n have_v diogenes_n governor_n of_o susiana_n and_o pythias_n with_o he_o who_o bring_v his_o troop_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red-sea_n under_o his_o command_n he_o come_v and_o encamp_v in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v cover_v on_o that_o side_n by_o the_o tigris_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n many_o deserter_n from_o molon_n army_n swim_v the_o river_n come_v over_o to_o xenoetas_n who_o give_v he_o assurance_n that_o in_o case_n he_o pass_v the_o river_n with_o his_o army_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n troop_n will_v revolt_v to_o he_o many_o of_o the_o leader_n be_v disoblige_v by_o molon_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n in_o general_n be_v dispose_v to_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n xenoetas_n encourage_v by_o these_o report_n resolve_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o army_n and_o show_v a_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n at_o a_o certain_a place_n where_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n the_o earth_n be_v cast_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o island_n but_o he_o do_v not_o prosecute_v that_o design_n whereupon_o molon_n make_v a_o jest_n of_o his_o project_n nevertheless_o xenoetas_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cause_v boat_n to_o be_v build_v and_o seize_v on_o other_o where_o they_o can_v be_v sound_a to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v purpose_v then_o pick_v out_o a_o body_n of_o the_o best_a troop_n of_o the_o army_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o leave_v zeux_n and_o pythias_n with_o the_o rest_n to_o guard_v the_o camp_n he_o waste_v over_o his_o man_n by_o night_n march_v and_o encamp_v about_o ten_o mile_n above_o the_o enemy_n where_o he_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o commodious_a and_o well-defended_a piece_n of_o ground_n to_o encamp_v in_o for_o the_o river_n environ_v it_o almost_o quite_o round_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v secure_v by_o a_o moor_n and_o deep_a boggy_a ground_n molon_n upon_o knowledge_n hereof_o detach_v a_o body_n of_o horse_n with_o command_n to_o march_v towards_o the_o enemy_n partly_o to_o prevent_v the_o pass_n of_o those_o that_o remain_v behind_o and_o partly_o to_o attack_v those_o who_o be_v already_o get_v over_o but_o on_o their_o approach_n to_o xenoetas_n camp_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o sword_n of_o a_o enemy_n to_o defeat_v they_o for_o be_v it_o seem_v unacquainted_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o country_n about_o it_o they_o chance_v to_o fall_v among_o the_o bog_n and_o watery_a place_n whereby_o not_o only_o their_o design_n miscarry_v but_o most_o of_o the_o party_n be_v lose_v wherefore_o xenoetas_n now_o persuade_v that_o if_o he_o draw_v near_o to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n will_v desert_n to_o he_o take_v his_o march_n along_o the_o river_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v close_o by_o they_o whereupon_o molon_n either_o out_o of_o stratagem_n or_o some_o real_a doubt_n of_o the_o soldier_n disposition_n leave_v his_o camp_n by_o night_n with_o all_o his_o baggage_n seem_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o media_n xenoetas_n now_o believe_v that_o molon_n have_v forsake_v his_o camp_n through_o â—ear_n upon_o his_o approach_n or_o through_o distrust_n of_o his_o own_o troop_n take_v possession_n thereof_o where_o he_o quarter_v his_o army_n give_v his_o order_n that_o the_o horse_n and_o baggage_n of_o zeux_n camp_n shall_v forthwith_o pass_v over_o and_o join_v he_o then_o assemble_v the_o soldier_n he_o encourage_v they_o
by_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o a_o good_a issue_n of_o the_o war_n for_o that_o molon_n have_v already_o think_v it_o his_o safe_a course_n to_o sly_a before_o they_o so_o command_v they_o to_o refresh_v and_o repose_v themselves_o he_o order_v they_o to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n to_o march_v by_o break_n of_o day_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o now_o the_o army_n of_o xenoetas_n full_a of_o assurance_n and_o be_v possess_v of_o so_o great_a plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n fall_v to_o feast_v and_o make_v merry_a drink_v to_o excess_n and_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n the_o part_n of_o careless_a dissolute_a people_n while_o molon_n when_o he_o think_v he_o be_v get_v far_o enough_o make_v a_o halt_n and_o take_v some_o space_n to_o refresh_v his_o people_n face_v about_o and_o march_v direct_o back_o by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v and_o advance_v to_o the_o camp_n find_v the_o enemy_n negligent_o scatter_v here_o and_o there_o plunge_v in_o sleep_n and_o wine_n wherefore_o attacking_z they_o at_o daybreak_n xenoetas_n astonish_v at_o the_o surprise_n and_o not_o able_a to_o awaken_v and_o draw_v his_o troop_n together_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n lose_v his_o life_n gallant_o fight_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v cut_v off_o in_o their_o tent_n the_o rest_n cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n hope_v to_o gain_v the_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n but_o very_o few_o escape_v over_o here_o may_v be_v see_v the_o divers_a scene_n of_o tumult_n and_o confusion_n in_o the_o army_n for_o all_o have_v their_o share_n of_o terror_n at_o a_o attempt_n so_o unlooked_a for_o and_o while_o they_o view_v their_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n without_o regard_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o stream_n or_o the_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n of_o the_o passage_n such_o be_v their_o passion_n to_o escape_v the_o sword_n of_o the_o enemy_n their_o fear_n i_o say_v have_v so_o blind_v their_o judgement_n that_o to_o save_v themselves_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o those_o that_o pursue_v they_o they_o commit_v themselves_o to_o the_o water_n make_v their_o horse_n baggage_n and_o all_o attempt_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n as_o if_o they_o think_v some_o special_a providence_n have_v command_v the_o flood_n to_o yield_v they_o succour_v and_o waft_v they_o safe_a to_o the_o other_o shore_n so_o that_o it_o be_v a_o lamenble_a sight_n to_o behold_v at_o once_o man_n horse_n arm_n baggage_n the_o dead_a and_o living_n float_v and_o mingle_v together_o in_o confusion_n molon_n become_v master_n of_o xenoetas_n camp_n afterward_o pass_v the_o river_n without_o impediment_n none_o withstand_v he_o for_o zeux_n who_o may_v have_v hinder_v he_o be_v flee_v wherefore_o he_o take_v possession_n likewise_o of_o the_o other_o camp_n then_o upon_o this_o success_n he_o march_v speedy_o to_o seleucia_n which_o soon_o fall_v into_o his_o hand_n for_o that_o zeux_n and_o diomedon_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o place_n have_v desert_v it_o then_o reduce_v the_o upper_a province_n to_o his_o obedience_n where_o he_o find_v none_o to_o oppose_v he_o he_o march_v on_o and_o subdue_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o babylon_n and_o all_o the_o territory_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o red-sea_n from_o thence_o he_o march_v to_o susa_n which_o be_v take_v by_o assault_n as_o other_o place_n have_v be_v but_o he_o in_o vain_a attempt_v the_o fortress_n of_o that_o place_n for_o that_o diogenes_n the_o governor_n have_v make_v timely_a provision_n for_o his_o defence_n wherefore_o he_o forbear_v to_o use_v force_n but_o leave_v troop_n to_o block_n it_o up_o take_v his_o march_n back_o to_o seleucia_n where_o he_o refresh_v and_o recruit_v his_o army_n and_o then_o after_o he_o have_v well_o encourage_v they_o he_o proceed_v on_o further_a erterprise_n thus_o molon_n reduce_v all_o the_o country_n to_o the_o city_n europus_n and_o all_o mesopotamia_n as_o far_o as_o dura_n when_o antiochus_n come_v to_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o these_o occurrence_n he_o quit_v the_o barren_a country_n of_o the_o lower-syria_n as_o we_o have_v note_v and_o turn_v his_o thought_n whole_o on_o this_o war._n wherefore_o assemble_v his_o council_n once_o again_o to_o deliberate_v about_o it_o and_o require_v every_o one_o to_o deliver_v his_o opinion_n plain_o touch_v the_o war_n of_o molon_n epigenes_n again_o first_o give_v his_o judgement_n say_v that_o it_o have_v be_v well_o for_o the_o king_n service_n if_o they_o have_v follow_v his_o first_o advice_n without_o any_o delay_n or_o loss_n of_o time_n for_o the_o enemy_n have_v make_v so_o great_a a_o progress_n that_o he_o be_v confirm_v in_o his_o former_a opinion_n namely_o that_o it_o be_v most_o necessary_a the_o king_n shall_v march_v with_o the_o army_n and_o manage_v the_o war_n in_o person_n but_o hermias_n thereupon_o renew_v his_o indignation_n against_o epigenes_n charge_v and_o blame_v he_o as_o heretofore_o and_o come_v to_o exaggerate_v his_o own_o praise_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o every_o body_n despise_v he_o and_o contest_v with_o the_o king_n himself_o labour_v all_o he_o can_v to_o make_v he_o persevere_v in_o his_o syrian_a expedition_n insomuch_o that_o great_a offence_n be_v take_v by_o antiochus_n himself_o who_o notwithstanding_o interpose_v his_o authority_n in_o vain_a to_o reconcile_v they_o hermias_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v wrought_v from_o his_o aversion_n to_o epigenes_n howbeit_o his_o advice_n at_o length_n prevail_v as_o be_v the_o most_o safe_a and_o profitable_a which_o hermias_n not_o be_v able_a now_o long_o to_o hinder_v seem_v on_o the_o sudden_a to_o accord_v entire_o to_o what_o he_o can_v not_o prevent_v and_o become_v as_o one_o may_v say_v another_o man_n resolve_v that_o lay_v aside_o all_o other_o affair_n the_o war_n with_o molon_n ought_v to_o be_v vigorous_o prosecute_v wherefore_o he_o apply_v himself_o with_o great_a diligence_n and_o turn_v all_o his_o thought_n to_o make_v preparation_n for_o carry_v it_o on_o and_o now_o when_o the_o king_n troop_n be_v assemble_v at_o apamea_n there_o grow_v a_o mutiny_n in_o the_o army_n about_o the_o arrear_n of_o pay_n whereupon_o hermias_n perceive_v the_o king_n to_o be_v surprise_v and_o to_o seek_v what_o to_o do_v make_v a_o offer_n to_o he_o propose_v to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n arrear_n out_o of_o his_o own_o private_a fortune_n provide_v he_o will_v yield_v that_o epigence_n may_v not_o be_v employ_v in_o that_o expedition_n pretend_v that_o the_o difference_n which_o have_v happen_v between_o they_o will_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o dispute_n that_o will_v great_o hinder_v he_o in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o affair_n the_o king_n in_o truth_n lend_v a_o very_a unwilling_a ear_n to_o the_o proposal_n believe_v it_o to_o be_v for_o his_o service_n to_o take_v epigenes_n with_o he_o who_o be_v well_o see_v in_o military_a matter_n and_o in_o every_o thing_n a_o able_a counsellor_n but_o win_v by_o the_o artifices_fw-la of_o hermias_n who_o have_v gain_v likewise_o those_o about_o he_o he_o be_v not_o master_n of_o his_o own_o resolution_n wherefore_o yield_v to_o present_a necessity_n he_o comply_v with_o the_o demand_n of_o hermias_n whereupon_o epigenes_n retire_v to_o apamea_n pursuant_n to_o the_o order_n he_o receive_v from_o the_o king_n all_o of_o the_o king_n council_n be_v ill_o satisfy_v with_o this_o resolution_n while_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o soldiers_z who_o have_v receive_v satisfaction_n of_o their_o demand_n express_v great_a affection_n towards_o hermias_n by_o who_o mean_n they_o have_v obtain_v their_o arrear_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o remain_v stir_v save_v among_o the_o cyrrhestae_fw-la of_o who_o there_o revolt_v from_o the_o king_n service_n to_o the_o number_n of_o six_o thousand_o who_o for_o a_o while_o give_v he_o some_o trouble_n but_o be_v pursue_v and_o attack_v they_o be_v defeat_v by_o those_o that_o be_v send_v against_o they_o the_o great_a part_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o the_o remainder_n return_v to_o their_o obedience_n and_o now_o hermias_n have_v subdue_v those_o about_o the_o king_n by_o his_o authority_n and_o gain_v the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o soldier_n by_o his_o bounty_n depart_v with_o antiochus_n and_o the_o army_n but_o forget_v not_o by_o mean_n of_o alexis_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o citadel_n of_o apamea_n to_o form_v this_o design_n for_o the_o destruction_n of_o epigenes_n he_o forge_v a_o letter_n from_o molon_n to_o epigenes_n and_o have_v corrupt_v one_o of_o his_o servant_n by_o promise_n of_o a_o great_a reward_n give_v he_o the_o letter_n with_o order_n to_o lay_v it_o among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o master_n paper_n whereupon_o alexis_n come_v to_o epigenes_n and_o demand_n of_o he_o if_o he_o have_v not_o receive_v letter_n from_o molon_n to_o which_o epigenes_n
refer_v to_o the_o accord_n make_v by_o the_o several_a prince_n at_o what_o time_n antigonus_n be_v defeat_v and_o vanquish_v cassander_n lysimachus_n and_o seleucus_n meet_v in_o a_o general_n assembly_n to_o deliberate_v on_o that_o subject_a when_o the_o entire_a kingdom_n of_o syria_n be_v adjudge_v to_o seleucus_n those_o who_o be_v present_a on_o the_o part_n of_o ptolemy_n labour_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a and_o to_o show_v the_o weakness_n of_o antiochus_n pretension_n and_o further_o to_o exaggerate_v the_o injury_n remonstrate_v the_o indignity_n of_o break_v the_o peace_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o theodotus_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o antiochus_n that_o ptolemy_n the_o son_n of_o lagus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n for_o the_o acquisition_n of_o syria_n that_o he_o join_v his_o arm_n with_o seleucus_n conditional_o that_o as_o the_o dominion_n of_o asia_n shall_v be_v he_o so_o the_o low_a syria_n and_o phoenicia_n shall_v fall_v to_o ptolomy_n share_n the_o 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but_o this_o attempt_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o selgian_n they_o hasten_v to_o prevent_v they_o and_z attacking_z they_o take_v all_o the_o corn_n and_o cut_v off_o most_o of_o the_o party_n this_o success_n so_o exalt_v they_o that_o they_o come_v thereupon_o to_o resolve_v not_o only_o to_o assault_v the_o town_n but_z to_z attack_z garsyere_n himself_o in_o his_o camp_n for_o the_o selgians_n be_v a_o people_n who_o in_o war_n love_v both_o those_o counsel_n and_o erterprise_n best_o that_o be_v most_o rash_a leave_v their_o camp_n therefore_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n they_o draw_v out_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o troop_n and_o post_v they_o in_o divers_a place_n about_o garsyeres_n work_n and_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z on_o all_o side_n garsyere_n find_v himself_o enclose_v every_o where_n by_o this_o surprise_v attempt_n and_o behold_v his_o defence_n in_o some_o place_n already_o break_v down_o and_o the_o whole_a camp_n reduce_v to_o extremity_n order_v his_o horse_n to_o 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it_o seem_v have_v the_o care_n of_o the_o education_n of_o laodice_n who_o he_o bring_v up_o with_o the_o tenderness_n of_o his_o own_o child_n and_o who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o achoeus_n on_o these_o consideration_n they_o conclude_v he_o the_o proper_a person_n to_o be_v send_v in_o the_o present_a exigence_n wherefore_o they_o dispatch_v he_o but_o logbasis_n reveal_v the_o secret_a of_o his_o embassy_n to_o garsyere_n make_v so_o little_a reckon_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o country_n that_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o be_v instant_a with_o garsyere_n to_o let_v achoeus_n understand_v that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o put_v the_o city_n into_o his_o hand_n whereupon_o garsyere_n furnish_v with_o those_o hope_n dispatch_v letter_n to_o achoeus_n pray_v he_o to_o dispose_v himself_o for_o his_o journey_n on_o the_o receipt_n of_o his_o advice_n while_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n hold_v a_o truce_n and_o enter_v into_o treaty_n with_o the_o selgians_n and_o contrive_v dispute_n about_o the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n spin_v out_o the_o time_n till_o the_o come_n of_o achoeus_n and_o that_o logbasis_n have_v leisure_n to_o confer_v with_o he_o touch_v the_o execution_n of_o their_o enterprise_n and_o now_o during_o the_o treaty_n and_o the_o go_v and_o come_v of_o messenger_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o camp_n and_o from_o the_o camp_n thither_o the_o soldier_n by_o degree_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o town_n to_o traffic_v and_o buy_v provision_n and_o what_o else_o they_o want_v and_o oversight_n which_o have_v have_v many_o bad_a effect_n and_o it_o may_v 〈◊〉_d assurance_n be_v say_v that_o as_o there_o be_v no_o creature_n that_o possess_v so_o great_a a_o share_n of_o sagacity_n and_o reflection_n as_o man_n so_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o more_o subject_a to_o be_v deceive_v for_o how_o many_o townâ—_n fortress_n and_o even_a camp_n have_v be_v by_o this_o mean_v betray_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o albeit_o there_o be_v frequent_a and_o fresh_a example_n of_o such_o disaster_n and_o we_o know_v they_o have_v befall_v many_o it_o be_v as_o true_a nevertheless_o that_o by_o i_o knoâ—_n not_o what_o kind_n of_o fatality_n we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o secure_v ourselves_o against_o such_o art_n and_o aâ—â—_n always_o to_o seek_v to_o prevent_v they_o the_o reason_n take_v to_o be_v from_o our_o want_n of_o reflection_n on_o other_o man_n adventure_n our_o providence_n be_v see_v in_o make_v provision_n to_o sustain_v and_o pay_v our_o army_n and_o to_o furnish_v our_o soldier_n with_o the_o best_a and_o most_o proper_a arm_n for_o our_o defence_n while_o at_o the_o same_o time_n we_o omit_v what_o be_v both_o more_o easy_a and_o profitable_a namely_o to_o be_v on_o our_o guard_n against_o these_o kind_n of_o evil_n to_o which_o we_o lie_v expose_v for_o prudence_n may_v be_v acquire_v at_o our_o leisure_n and_o by_o the_o study_n of_o history_n we_o improve_v the_o understanding_n without_o 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will_v be_v find_v not_o only_o capable_a and_o insufficient_a in_o thing_n that_o be_v divers_a but_o in_o the_o selfsame_a thing_n we_o shall_v see_v he_o wise_a and_o weak_a brave_a and_o a_o coward_n by_o fit_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o thing_n new_a in_o what_o we_o remark_n on_o this_o subject_a or_o remote_a from_o common_a observation_n and_o experience_n if_o we_o but_o consider_v with_o attention_n some_o man_n in_o heat_n of_o the_o chase_n will_v bold_o attack_v a_o wild_a beast_n and_o do_v as_o brave_o in_o single_a combat_n yet_o can_v endure_v the_o danger_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v trust_v in_o any_o solemn_a occasion_n in_o the_o field_n thus_o the_o thessalian_a horse_n be_v not_o to_o be_v break_v or_o resist_v when_o form_v into_o a_o body_n in_o a_o line_n of_o battle_n but_o single_o and_o man_n to_o man_n they_o be_v but_o a_o slight_a people_n the_o contrary_a whereof_o be_v find_v of_o the_o aetolian_n the_o candiot_n be_v wonderful_a in_o 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rendezvous_n they_o conclude_v together_o that_o it_o be_v their_o best_a course_n to_o yield_v to_o their_o demand_n and_o thereupon_o dispatch_v messenger_n to_o cyllene_n and_o to_o ariston_n the_o aetolian_a praetor_n desire_v they_o to_o take_v up_o all_o the_o merchant_n vessel_n they_o can_v procure_v in_o those_o part_n and_o send_v they_o with_o expedition_n to_o the_o island_n of_o phlias_n where_o they_o be_v to_o attend_v further_a order_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o aetolian_a army_n two_o day_n after_o take_v their_o march_n with_o their_o plunder_n take_v their_o way_n towards_o the_o elean_n for_o with_o that_o people_n they_o have_v preserve_v a_o fast_a friendship_n thereby_o to_o keep_v their_o passage_n open_a to_o invade_v and_o spoil_v the_o peloponnesian_n aratus_n confide_v too_o easy_o on_o the_o aetolian_n so_o quick_o execute_v what_o they_o seem_v to_o promise_v dismiss_v the_o achaian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n and_o march_v himself_o towards_o patroea_n 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be_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o clitoria_n with_o the_o troop_n we_o mention_v they_o then_o conclude_v they_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o embark_v at_o rhium_n without_o danger_n or_o a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o their_o best_a course_n be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o come_v to_o action_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v before_o the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v reinforce_v with_o more_o troop_n and_o while_o they_o continue_v secure_a and_o without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o a_o surprise_n for_o they_o reckon_v that_o if_o they_o can_v be_v able_a to_o put_v they_o into_o the_o least_o disorder_n they_o shall_v then_o compass_v their_o retreat_n without_o difficulty_n with_o the_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n they_o have_v take_v and_o before_o the_o state_n of_o aetolia_n can_v come_v to_o the_o assembly_n or_o in_o case_n the_o enemy_n terrify_v with_o the_o suddenness_n of_o the_o attempt_n shall_v refuse_v battle_n they_o shall_v then_o likewise_o not_o fail_v of_o gain_v their_o passage_n according_a to_o their_o own_o desire_n with_o these_o thought_n they_o hold_v on_o their_o march_n till_o they_o arrive_v near_o methydrium_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o megalopolis_n where_o they_o encamp_v and_o now_o albeit_o the_o achaean_n general_n be_v well_o aware_a of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n yet_o they_o conduct_v their_o affair_n with_o so_o little_a forecast_n that_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o have_v neglect_v no_o one_o thing_n that_o may_v avail_v to_o perfect_v the_o character_n of_o folly_n and_o insufficiency_n for_o in_o short_a as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v quit_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o clitorian_n they_o come_v and_o encamp_v near_o caphya_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n on_o their_o move_n from_o methydrium_n take_v their_o march_n by_o orchomenus_n the_o achaian_n draw_v out_o and_o appear_v in_o battle_n in_o the_o field_n of_o caphya_n be_v defend_v on_o one_o side_n by_o the_o river_n that_o run_v through_o that_o country_n after_o the_o aetolian_n have_v well_o consider_v the_o ground_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v advantageous_o post_v that_o they_o have_v cut_v many_o trench_n along_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n whereby_o it_o be_v hardly_o any_o where_o passable_a and_o after_o they_o have_v far_o remark_v a_o strong_a desire_n in_o they_o to_o come_v to_o blow_n they_o upon_o deliberate_a thought_n conclude_v it_o their_o safe_a course_n to_o avoid_v a_o battle_n contrary_a to_o their_o first_o determination_n continue_v therefore_o in_o good_a order_n they_o march_v on_o take_v their_o way_n towards_o oligyrtus_n keep_v the_o high_a ground_n and_o think_v they_o shall_v gain_v a_o great_a point_n at_o that_o time_n if_o they_o can_v compass_v their_o passage_n without_o molestation_n or_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n after_o aratus_n and_o taurion_n have_v stay_v till_o they_o see_v the_o van_n of_o the_o aetolian_a army_n to_o have_v now_o