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A07119 The true report of all the successe of Famagosta, of the antique writers called Tamassus, a citie in Cyprus In the which the whole order of all the skirmishes, batteries, mines, and assaultes geuen to the sayd fortresse, may plainly appeare. Moreouer the names of the captaines, and number of the people slaine, as well of the Christians as of the Turkes: likewise of them who were taken prisoners: from the beginning of the sayd seege vntill the end of the same. Englished out of Italian by William Malim. With certaine notes of his and expositions of all the Turkishe wordes herein necessary to be knowen, placed in the margent, with a short description also of his of the same iland.; Assedio, et presa di Famagosta. English Martinengo, Nestore, Conte.; Malim, William, 1533-1594. 1572 (1572) STC 17520; ESTC S112366 26,258 52

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following they gaue fire to the mine of the Cortaine the which thing not falling out greatly to their purpose they followed not their prepared assault Wherefore they began to fortifie and aduaunce hyer their Trauerses in the ditches for their better assuraunce against they should geue the assault and they had emptied and caryed away all the earth neare vnto the Counterscharfe where they lodged in their pauilions so that we could not descrie them They shot 7. peeces of artilary vpon the wall of the Counterscharfe so couertly that they were not seene two frō the Brey of the Turrion of Santa Nappa one from Andruzzi and two other all à long the battery of the Cortaine And they came with certaine boordes couered with raw and greene hydes vnder which they brought their men to digge in the vaymures we being nothing behind or forgetfull to cast wildefire amōgest them and sometime to issue forth of our sallies called Posterns to offend their Pioners although to our great hinderaunce And we still repayred the vaymures by all meanes possible with Buffe skinnes being moyst and weet throwing in also earth shredes and cotton with water being well bound together with cordes all the women of Famagosta gathering them selues together in companyes in euery streete being guided of one of their Priestes called Caloiero resorted dayly to à certaine place appoynted to labour gathering and prouiding for the soldiers stones and water the which was kept for all assaultes in halfe butts to quench the fire which the Turkes threwe amongest them They hauing had no great successe in taking the gate they found out à new way neuer heard of before in gathering together à great quātitie of certaine wood called Teglia which easely burned and smelt very euill the which they throwing before the former gate of the Citie and Fagots fastened to the same with certaine beames besmered with Pitch kindled sodainly so great à fire as was not possible for vs to quench the same although we threw vpō it whole Buts of water which were throwen downe from an high Cōmaunder which Buts presently brake in sunder Thys fire continued 4. dayes wherefore we were enforced by reason of the extreme heate and stinche to withdraw our selues farther inward and they descending towardes their lower flanckers beganne other mines so that the gate was shut vp because it could be no longer kept open and sodainly à thing maruelous to be spoken the standing of the Brey being repayred and made vp againe they plāted one peece ouer against the gate the which of vs with stones earth and other thinges was sodainly buried vp By thys time we were driuen to an exigent all our prouision within the Citie stooping very lowe sauing onely hope the noble courage of the Gouernours and Captaines and the stoute readines of the soldiers our wine and fleshe as well poudered as vnpoudered was spent nor there was any Cheese to be gotten but vpon an vnreasonable price our company hauing eaten vp their Horse Asses and Cattes for lacke of other victualls there was nothing left to be eaten but à small quantitie of bread and Beanes and we dranke water and Vineger together whereof was not much left when that we perceaued that our enemies had digged and cast vp 3. mines in the Commaunder of the gate they labouring in all places more diligently then euer they did before bringing into the ditch ouer agaynst the battery of the Cortaine à hill of earth as high as the wall And already they came to the wall aboue the Counterscharfe ouer against the Turrion of the Arsenall and had made one Commaunder complete fenced with shares like vnto plough shares in proportion and height correspondent to ours Within the Citie were remaining but 500. Italian soldiers who were not hurt yet very faint and wery by their long watching and paines in fighting in those feruent burning heates which are in those partes And the greater and better part also of the Grecians were by thys time slaine when as the cheefe of those Citizens remayning did fully resolue them selues the which was about the 20. of Iuly to present à supplication in writing to that noble gentleman Bragadino Proueditore desiring and beseeching him that seing their Citie fortresse was thus battered brought to extremitie without sufficient ayde to defend the same without substaunce or sustenaunce hauing no hope of succour or any new supply they hauing spent and consumed not onely their goods but also their liues for the defence of them and in testifying of their dutifull seruice towardes the noble and royall state of the Segniory of Venice that it might now please him and the rest of the honourable Gouernours that were present put in trust hauing à carefull eye vnto some honourable conditions to haue now at the last à respect to the credite and honour of their long traueiled wifes and the safegarde of their poore children which otherwise were shortly very like to be à pray to their bloudthirsting and rauening enemies To the which letter or supplication speedy aunswere was made by the forenamed honourable Bragadino comforting them that they should by no meanes abate their courage and that shortly he looked for succour from the Segniorye diminishing as much as he might the feare which they had conceaued in their hartes dispatching and sending away sodainly frō Cyprus into Candia à Pinnisse to certifie the Duke and Gouernours there in what extremitie they were The Turkes by thys tyme had ended their mines and set them on fire the 29. of Iuly in the which space our men according as they were wonte to doe renued made vp againe the vaymures ruined before by the Ordinance and hauing no other stuffe left to aduaunce them with made sackes of Carsey vnto the which the noble Tiepolo diligently looked The 3. mines of the Commaunder did great dammage to vs hauing throwen downe the greater part of the earth whereas the Gouernour Randacchi was slaine The mine of the Arsenall ouerthrew all the rest of the Turrion hauing smouldered and choked one whole garison of our soldiers the 2. flanckers onely still remayning ¶ The fifth Assault THe enemies trauelled much to become maisters of those foresayd flanckers and to sallye forth by the other batteries and thys assault lasted from three of the clocke in the after noone vntill night where and at what tyme were slaine very many of our enemes In thys assault Sig. Giacomo Strambali amongest the rest shewed much worthinesse as he had done before in other conflictes ¶ The 6. and last Assault THe next morning following at the breake of the day they assailed all places the whiche Assault continued more then sixe houres with very little hurt on our side because our enemies fought more coldly then they were wont to doe annoying of vs continually on the Sea side with their Gallies shooting in all theyr Assaultes and batteries continually Cannon shotte in all
for the better incouragement and good example of others both night and day searching the watch to the intent with most carefull heedetaking they might beware of their enemies against whom they made no sallye out of the Citie to skirmish but very seldome especially to vnderstand when they might learne the intent of the enemies Whilest we made this diligent prouision within the Citie the Turkes without made no lesse preparation of all thinges necessary fit to batter the fortresse with all as in bringing out of Caramania and Syria with all speede by the sea many Wollpackes a great quantitie of wood and timber diuers peeces of artilarye ingens and other thinges expedient for their purpose At the beginning of Aprill Halli Bassà landed there with 80. Gallies or thereabout in his cōpany who brought thether that which of our enemies was desired who soone after departing from thence and leauing behinde hym 30. Gallies which continually transported soldiers munition freshe victuals and other necessaries besides à great nūber of Caramusalins or Brigandins great Hulkes called Maones and large broad vessels termed of them Palandrie which continually passed to and fro betwixt Cyprus and Syria other places there about which they did with great speed stāding in feare of the Christian armie And about the midst of the same moneth the Turkes caused to be brought out of the Citie of Nicosia which they had wonne a little before 15. peeces of artilarye and raising their army frō whence they were before making ditches trenches necessary incampt them selues in gardens and toward the West part of Famagosta neare a place called Precipola The 25. of the same moneth they raised vp mountes to plant their artilary vpon and caused trenches to be made for harquebusers one very nigh an other approching still very neare the Citie in such order as was almost impossible to stay the same 40. thousand of their Pioners continually labouring there the most part of all the night The intent of the enemie being then knowen and in what part of the Citie he minded most to plant his battery we tooke diligent heede on the other part to repaire fortifie all places necessary within For the which cause we placed à great watch in that way which was couered with à counterscharfe and in the sallies of their priuie Posterns for the defence of the said coūterscharfe there were new flāckers made also Trauerses called Butterisses made vpon the Cortaine with one trench of Turues 2. foote high and broad the which was made on that side of the wall of the Citie which was already battered with the shotte of the Turkes with certaine loope holes for our Harquebusers by the which they defended the counterscharfe Two noble personages Bragadino and Baglione personally tooke this charge on thē by the which meanes the Christian affaires passed in very good order All the bread for our soldiers was made in one storehouse of the which the noble gentleman Lorenzo Tiepolo Captaine of Baffo had charge who refused no paine where he thought his trauaile might preuaile In the Castell was placed that famous gentleman Andrea Bragadino who with à diligent garde had charge on that part of the Castell principally next vnto the sea side trimming and diging out new flanckers for the better defence of the Arsenall A valiant Knight named Foito was appointed master of the Ordinance who was slaine in à fewe dayes after in à skirmishe whose garison the noble Bragadino Proueditore before named presently deliuered ouer to me Three other Captaines were appointed ouer the wildefire with 20. footemen for euery one of them chosen out of the armie to vse and execute the same as occasion should serue The best peeces of Ordinance were brought forth vnto that side of the towne where the battery was loked for to be made they made priuie fences to couer the better their Cannon shot withall There was no want in the Christians to annoy their enemies in issuing often out of euery side against them as well to hinder their determinations as to hurt them otherwise at diuers times They also rendered to vs the like For 300. of the inhabitance of Famagosta one time issuing out of the Citie armed onely with their Swordes and Targets with so many Italian Harquebusers also in their company receaued great dammage because the trenches of the enemies were made about so thicke although at the same present we cōpelled them to flye and slewe also many of them yet they encreased to such number that they killed presently 30. and hurt there 60. of our company For the which cause order was taken that our men should no more come forth of their holde committing them selues to manifest perill to bid their enemies the base The Turkes in processe of time by litle and litle with their trenches came at length to the toppe of the counterscharfe and hauing finished their fortes the 19. of May began their batterye with 10. fortes hauing 74. peeces of great artilary within their custodie amongest the which there were 4. Basiliskes for so they terme them of an immeasurable greatnes and began to batter from the gate Limisso vnto the Arsenall and layde 5. batteries against the towne the one against the great high Turret of the Arsenall which was battered with 5. peeces of Ordinance mounted vpon that forte of the rocke the other against the Cortaine it selfe of the Arsenall battered by one forte with 11. peeces an other against the Keepe of Andruzzi with 2. commaunders which were aboue with one forte of 11. other peeces an other battery against the Turret of S. Nappa the which was battered with 4. Basiliskes The gate of Limisso which had one high commaunder alone and à Brey and Cortaine without was battered by the fortes with 33. peeces of artilary whereas Mustafà him selfe generall of the Turkes armie tooke the charge in person At the first they seemed not to care much to spoyle the walles but shot still into the Citie and against our Ordinance which greatly galled them Whereupon they who were within the Citie as well our soldiers as the Grecians as soone as the battery began withdrawing them selues came dwelt by the walles of the Citie whereas they continued from that time to the end of the siege The noble Bragadino lodged in the Keepe of Andruzzi Baglione in that warde of S. Nappa The honorable Tiepolo in that which was called Campo Santo Wherefore they being present to all that was done both encouraged and punished the soldiers according to their desertes The right worshipfull Luigi Martinengo was appointed cheefe ouer the Ordinance who answering all mens expectation of him with great courage deuided the charge therof vnto 6. other inferiour Captaines who tooke order and care for that company and for the prouision of things necessary for the gunners one cōpany of the Grecians being appointed to euery gate of the Citie for to attend vpon the seruice
of the artilary The valiant Captaine Francesco Bagone warded at the Keepe and at the great commaunder of the Arsenall Captaine Pietro Conte attended vpon the Cortaine at the Commaunder of the Volti and at the Keepe of Campo Santo I for my part attended vpon the Commaunder of Campo Santo and vpon the Commaunder of Andruzzi and of the Cortaine vnto the Turret of Santa Nappa The Earle Hercole Martinengo attended vpon the Commaunder of Santa Nappa and to the whole Cortaine vnto the gate of Limisso Horatio Captaine of Veletri attended vpon the Brey and Cortaine towardes the Bulwarke Vpon the high Cōmaunder of Limisso which was more troubled then all the rest attended the Captain Roberto Maluezzi At the same time when the battery began by the commission of the honourable Bragadino victuals were appointed and geuen to all the soldiers as well Grecians as Italians Gunners Namely Wine Pottage Cheese and Bakon all the which thinges were brought to the walles as neede did require in very good order so that no soldier there spent any more in bread then 2. souses a day They were payde at the end of euery 30. dayes with the great trauell of that right worshipfull Venetian gentleman M. Giouanni Antonio Querini who besides this his ordinary charge was found present in all waightie and daungerous affaires to the great incouragement of our soldiers And we made à counterbattery against our enemies for 10. dayes space with so great rage that we choked and destroyed 15. of their best peeces also we killed dispatched of them about 30. thousand at that season so that they were disapointed at that time of their battery in that place and were greatly dismayed But we foreseing that we had no great store of pouder left there was made à restraint and such order taken that 30. peeces should not shoote of but 30. shot à peece euery day and that in the presence of the Captaines who were still present because the soldiers and Gunners should not shoote of in vaine The 29. of May there came towardes vs from Candia à Fregat or Pinnisse the which geuing vs great hope and lightening of ayde encreased maruelously euery mans courage The Turkes with great trauell and slaughter of both sides had wonne at the last the Counterscharfe from vs with great resistance and mortalitie on both partes Wherupon they began on the other side of the fift battery to fill vp the ditch with the earth that they threwe downe which was taken neare the wall of the Counterscharfe But all that earth and falling downe of the wall made by the shot of their artilary was caryed away of vs within the Citie all our company labouring continually as well by night as day vntill our enemies had made certaine loope holes in the wall through the which they flācking and scouring all the ditch with their Harquebussie stopped our former course of carying or going that way any more without certaine and expresse daunger But M. Giouanni Marmori à fortifier had deuised à certain kinde of ioyned boordes the which being caried of the soldiers defended thē frō the shot of the Harquebusers so that some other quantitie of earth but no great store was caried also away in the which place this foresayd fortifier was slaine who had done especiall good seruice in all our necessary affaires And our enemies hauing cast so much earth into the ditch as filled it vp againe and made it à firme way to the wall of the Counterscharfe and casting before thē the earth by little and little they made one Trauerse euen vnto the wall on two sides in all their batteries the which they made thicke and stronge with Wolpackes and other Fagots to assure them selues the better of our flanckers When they had once possessed the ditch that they coulde not bee hurt of vs but by chaunce they began forthwith to cast digge out vndermines to vndermine the Brey the Turret of S. Nappa the Commaunder of Andruzzi the Keepe of Campo Santo the Cortain and the Turrion of the Arsenall so that we being able no longer to serue our turne and enioye those fewe flanckers we threw downe wildefire into our enemies campe the which annoyed them very sore because it fired their Wolpackes and also their Fagots And for the better encouragement of the soldiers the right honourable Bragadino gaue to euery soldier one Duckat the which could gaine or recouer any of the former Wollpackes making coūtermines in all places To that which charge Maggio the fortifier knight was appointed who in all our busines serued with such diligence and courage as he was able or was requisite But the countermines mette not sauing those of the Commaunder of S. Nappa of Andruzzi and that of Campo Santo because they were open and our men sallied out often both by day and night into the ditch to perceaue better the way of the mines and to fire the Fagots and Wooll Nor we ceassed at any time through the vnspeakeable trauell of the Lord Baglione who had the ouersight of all these matters to trouble our enemies intents by all maner of wit and policie deuiding the companies for the batteries ioyning and plāting in all places à garison of the Albanois soldiers who as well on foote as on horsebacke shewed alwayes notable courage and manhoode ¶ The first Assault THe 21. of Iune they put fire to the mine of the Turret of the Arsenall wheras Giambelat Bey toke charge who with great ruine rent in sunder à most great and thicke wall and so opened the same that he threw downe more then halfe therof breaking also one part of the baymure made before to vpholde the assault And sodainly à great number of the Turkes skipping vpō the ruines therof displayed their Ensignes euen to the toppe of the same Captaine Pietro Conte with his company was in that warde the which was much shaken and terrified by that sodaine ruine I with my cōpany came first thether so that they shortly tooke the repulse and although they refreshed them selues with new supplyes 5. or 6. times yet they failed of their purpose There fought personally the L. Baglione Bragadino and Querini being armed stoode not farre of to refresh and comfort our soldiers and the Captaine of the Castell with the Ordinance that was planted vpon the Buttereis destroyed many of our enemies when they gaue the assault the which endured 5. houres together so that of Turkes were slain very many and of our side betwixt them that were slaine and hurt à 100 Most part of the which number were cast away by à mischaunce of our wildefire the which being vnaduisedly negligently handled burnt vp many of our owne company There died at that present the Earle Gio. Francesco Goro the Captaine Barnardino Agubio and by the throwing of stones Hercole Malatesta Captaine Pietro Conte with other Captaines and Standerd-bearers were very sore hurt The night following arriued in Cyprus à
Pinnisse from Candia which bringing newes of most certaine ayde greatly encreased both the mirth and courage of vs all so that we made soone after with the helpe of the Captaine Marco Criuellatore and Maggio the knight certaine retreates flancked to all the places beaten downe and where as they suspected that the enemie had digged vp any mines with Hogsheades Chestes Tykes Sackes stuffed full of moyst earth the Grecians with all speede hauing already brought almost all that which they had because they hauing dispatched their Canueis about necessary vses they brought their hanginges cortaines carpets euen to their very sheetes to make and stuffe vp their foresaid sackes à very good and ready way to make vp again their vaymures the which were throwen downe with the fury of the artilary which neuer stinted so that we made vp againe still that in the night the which was throwen downe and broken in the day sleeping very seldome all the soldiers standing alwayes vpon the walles visited continually of the Gouerners of the Citie which slept at no time but in the extreme heate of the day hauing no other time to take their rest because the enemie was at hand geuing vs continually Alarmes not suffering vs long to breath ¶ The second Assault THe 29. of the same moneth they set the mine made towardes the Brey on fire the which mine was digged in stone which brake and cleft all thinges in peeces and caused great ruine making an easie way for the enemye to assault vs who with an outragious fury came to the toppe whereas Mustafà their Generall was altogether present which assault was receaued and stayed at the beginning of the Earle Hercole Martinengo with his garison and so were repulsed by our company who fought without any aduauntage of couert the vaymure being throwen downe by that mine There were slaine of our company Captaine Meani the Sargent Maior of our armye Captaine Celio de Fuochi Captaine Erasmo da Fermo and Captaine Soldatello Antonio d' Ascoli Captaine Gio. d' Istria Standerdbearers with many other officers were sore wounded there dyed also 30. other of our common soldiers At the Arsenall they were beaten backe with greater dāmage of our enemies and small hurt to vs Fiue onely of our part being slain there wheras Captaine Giacomo da Fabriano dyed and I was wounded in my left legge with an Harquebuse shot The which assault continued 6. houres the Bishop of Limisso stāding vp there encouraging the soldiers Where also were found present stoute women who came thether with weapons stones water to helpe the soldiers Our enemies vnderstāding how great hinderance they had receaued at these two assaultes chaunged their mindes and began againe with greater furye then euer they had before accustomed to lay battery to all places and into our retreates so that they labouring more spedely then euer they did made 7. other forts more vnder the Castell and taking away the artilary frō them which were farther of planting of it somewhat nearer to the number of 80. they battered the holde with so great rage that on the 8. of Iuly with the same night also was numbred 5000. Cannon shot and after that sort they ouerthrewe to the ground the vaymures that scarcely with great trauell and paine we could repayre them agayne because our men that laboured about them were continually slaine by their Ordinance and by reason of the endlesse tempest of the shot of their Harquebusers And our men began to decrease For the Turkes caused vs to retyre from our Breyes by the violence of their artilary and mining in such sort that there being no more standing left for our soldiers because we making our vaymures more thicke our standing began to waxe narrower the which presently we of necessitie enlarged with boordes as à scaffolde to the vaymure whereby we might haue more elbow roome to fight Captaine Maggio also made one mine vnder the sayd Brey to the entent that we being not able any longer to keepe it the same might bee left to our enemies to their great hinderaunce ¶ The third Assault TO the sayd Brey the 9. of Iuly they gaue the third assault to the Turrion of Santa Nappa to that of Andruzzi to the Cortaine to the Keepe of the Arsenall the which assault hauing continued more then 6. houres they were beaten backe in 4. places but we left the Brey to their great losse and ours also because we being assaulted our company being not able to manneage their Pikes in good order by reason of the narrownes of the standing where they were being willing to retyre in that order as the L. Baglione had prescribed vnto them and could not cast them selues at the last into à confuse order and retyred they being mingled amongest the Turkes so that fire being geuen to our mine the which with à terrible sight to beholde slewe presently of our enemies more then à 1000. and aboue à 100. of vs There dyed Captaine Roberto Maluezzi and Captaine Marchetto da Fermo was greuously woūded At the assault of the Arsenall dyed Captaine Dauid Noce master of the Campe and I my selfe was hurt by the racing of à Cannon shot This assault continued fiue houres and the Citizens of Famagosta shewed great courage in euery place with their women also and young striplinges The Brey was so defaced by reason of this mine set on fire that no body any more attempted to recouer the same because there was no apt place remayning to stay vpon The left flancker onely remained still whereas an other mine was made The gate of Limisso was ouer against this foresayd Brey somewhat lower which was alwayes open hauing made to the same à Portall with à Percollois annexed to it the which Percollois by the cutting of à small corde was à present defence to the gate and our soldiers gaue their attēdance by that gate to bring in the battered earth which fell in the ditches from the rampayre and when they saw that their enemies in 4. dayes came not thether they began to entrench aboue the Brey and by the flanckers aboue they suffered no person to passe out of the gate the which thing brought great suspition vnto our enemyes because they were oft times assailed of our company ¶ The fourth Assault WHerefore they came the 14. day of Iuly to assault the gate of Limisso and lying their battery to all other places they came and planted their Auncientes euen before the gate wheras the L. Baglione and Sig. Luigi were in readinesse who had taken vpon them to defend that gate of the Citie Who as soone as they had encouraged their soldiers sallying swiftly forth killed and put to flight the greater part of them and at the last geuing fire to the mine of the flancker slewe 400. Turkes and Sig. Baglione at the same time wonne an Auncient of our enemies wrasting it violently out of one of the Auncientbearers handes The day