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A10801 A sacred septenarie, or The seuen last wordes of our Sauiour Christ vttered vpon the crosse, (with the necessary circumstances of the same:) expounded by a commentary, gathered out of the holy Scriptures, the writings of the ancient fathers, and later diuines. By Alexander Roberts, Bachelour in Diuinity; and preacher of Gods word at Kings Linne, in Norfolke. Roberts, Alexander, d. 1620. 1614 (1614) STC 21074; ESTC S115974 219,904 265

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forth to execution and for that end was guarded with a strong watch of sixteene Souldiers the night before the fetters fell from his feete the prison gates opened and he obtained sodaine and vnlooked for deliuerance Act. 12. 7. For it is an vndoubted truth that many bee the afflictions of the righteous but the Lord will deliuer them out of them all Psal 34. 19. Woman behold thy Sonne This Christ said in the presence of Iohn who stood with her neare vnto the Crosse and the words are in effect thus much I am now ready to depart this life and do appoint in my place and substitute this Iohn who in my stead shall performe the duety of a sonne vnto thee But here it is questionable among the Diuines why Christ said not mother but woman behold thy sonne and they render these reasons among other First that hereby hee might not r Iansenius in harmoniae Euangeliorum cap. 143. encrease her griefe which doubtlesse he should haue done in calling her by that sweet name of mother For great and forcible is that naturall loue which is betweene parents and children Abraham then wrastled with a strong temptation s Origines in 22. Geneseos Nissenus in oratione habita in funere Pulcheriae Basilius Isauriensis oratione de Abrahamo Lutherus in Genesin cap. 22. when Isaacke spake vnto him my father and he answered behold my sonne Gen. 22. 7. This for the present was the voyce of a great temptation wounding the fathers hart who though in respect of his faith hee was resolute and vnbendable yet notwithstanding shewed a tender and relenting affection when he answered my sonne And Dauid doth most passionately bewaile the deserued death of graceles Absolom went vp to his chamber and wept and as he went said thus O my sonne Absolom my sonne my sonne Absolom would to God I had died for thee O Absolom my sonne my sonne 2. Sam. 18. 33. And when Iacob heard that Ioseph his sonne was torne of some euill beast hee rent his garment put on sackcloth mourned for him many dayes and would not be comforted Gen. 37. 35. for so it is ordained of t Saluianus l. 1 de auaritia Nature that all parents loue their children more then themselues and they bee dearer vnto them then their owne eyes u Oppianus 1. Halieutic●n because by succession of them they obtaine a certaine kind of immortality x Iustinianuc in nouellis collatione 4. de nuptijs titulo 1. in their descendents and by the mercifull appointment of God the stocke and kindred is continually renewed And we reade in the histories of former times how the y Sabellicus women of Carthage accompanied their sonnes vnto the Sea-shore with shedding many teares who were to be carried ouer into Sicily for hostages and when the shippes were out of sight impatient for their want cast thēselues into the water and perished The second cause was lest hee should bring her into danger for if the crucifiers had knowne that she was his mother they would haue dealt more hardly with her for they hated Christ most malitiously and oftentimes it so falleth out that wee doe not onely wish euill to those by whom wee thinke wee are iniured but also euen to all who belong vnto them So Dauid vpon this ground fearing such measure when Saul persecuted him vnto the death with an inward hatred conueied his Father and Mother vnto the King of Moab that with him they might be safe lest for his cause the enemy should also wrong them 1. Sam. 22. 4. The third was to put vs in mind of that gratious z Semen tuum conteret caput Serpentis Gen. 3. 15. promise made in Paradise and that wee might know he was appointed of God to take our flesh and offer himsefe vpon the altar of the Crosse a sacrifice for the redemption of the world for thus God spake vnto our first parents after the fall and torture of their soules arising from the sensible feeling of that good and blessed estate they had lost raysing them vp to the comfortable hope saluation The seed of the woman shall bruise the head of the serpent Gen. 3. 15. And hereof Saint Paul God when the fulnes of time was come sent forth his sonne made of a woman and vnde● the law Galath 4. 4. The last reason and that most especiall Christ foreseing and a Augustin●● de nup● ijs concupiscenti● lib. 1. cap. 12. 24. prophesying that many heresies and blasphemous opinions should arise vayled vnder the name or title of godlinesse and deuotion calleth her by the name of woman for who is ignorant that the b Epiphanius contra hereses lib. 3. tom 2. heres 79. Daneus in Augustinum de heresibus cap. 83. Collyridians very superstitiously vpon an appointed day of the yeere offered Cakes in honour of the virgine Mary to a certain maiden sitting in a stately chaire or chariot couered ouer with a curtain and her they esteemed as a Goddesse whom c Contra Hereses lib. 3. tom 2. heres 78. 29. Epiphanius calleth a people carried away with a brainsicke rage and mad fury of mind and their fact vnlawfull blasphemous an idolatrous practise and diuelish attempts for indeed the virgin Mary is to be honoured but not worshipped shee her selfe worshipped him whom shee barc and who tooke flesh of her but came from heauen and the bosome of the father yet all this in comparison of the Romish Idolatry is but little who haue taught that shee is to be worshipped after a supereminent d Anselmus de excellentia virginis cap. 9. 10. 11. Antoninus in summa titul 22. cap. 8. §. 2. Bernardinus in Mariali Iacobus de voragine in Mariali buius 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 author Petrus Grapheus Hereticus Nicephorus lib. cap. 11. manner and entitle her to all those attributes which properly doe belong vnto Christ that as hee is our Lord so shee our Lady he King shee Queene of heauen c. and blush not to call her their hope and life saluation of the world throne of grace the Queene of mercy the aduocate helper comfort of dispairing soules the onely e Innocentius in oratione de 300. dierum indulgentia Sauiour of sinners and haue corrupted the whole Psalter that whatsoeuer Dauid speaketh of God the father sonne holy Ghost they changing the word Lord into f Chemnitiutin examine confilij Tridentini parte 3. ●itul● de veneratione inuccatione Sanctorum Lady from one end to the other doe blasphemously apply it to the virgine Mary and so christen that booke with a new name the Ladies Psalter After that first and vniuersall ruine of man whereby through one sinne entred into the world and by sin death and so death went ouer all men in whom all haue sinned none could escape the g Leo prim●● sermone 1. de passione dominion of the Diuell bee loosed from
estimate and apprehension of the Reader as s Valerius Maximus lib. 8 cap. 12. Tymanthes sometime did if I may ioyne in comparison prophane Examples with diuine Agamemnons sorrow present when his daughter was to be sacrificed for because hee could not draw with his pensill the sadnesse of his countenance such as it then was and represent in diuersity of colours the sundry passions and changes appearing in the same couered it ouer with a vayle But the holier the virgine the more sorrowfull and such a virgine suffered so great affliction God many of whose Iudgements are secret none vniust doth oftentimes cast his dearest children into the deepest Sea of tribulation So Christ Iesus the onely sonne by nature bare the Crosse of shame before hee ware the Crowne of glory Luc. 24. 26. and the sonnes by Adoption must looke for no other order to be kept with them 2. Timoth. 3. 12. The Israelites come to the Land of Promise flowing with milke and hony by the red sea betweene the waters lying in heapes on both sides not without feare and through the vaste and terrible wildernesse And by many tribulations must all Christians enter into the Kingdome of heauen Act. 14. 22. Of this before in the former word c. This may bee vnto vs a lesson of Humility and a restraint of rash iudgement and hasty censure that wee do not ouer sharply sentence those or account them for wicked ones and reprobate whom wee see to bee exercised with hard trials and sondry sorts of afflictions Thus did the Iewes sometimes erre in their iudgement of Christ Esay 53. 4. and if wee may ioyn the seruant with his Lord the like peremptory doom did Iobs friends pronounce vpon him and his children whose lamentable distresse and manifold calamities they did behold Iob. 8. 4. But the case in truth standeth farre otherwise For the Crosse is the precious stone inclosed in that ring wherewith Christ weddeth his Church and therefore if any will be his Disciple hee leaueth this admonitory rule to deny himselfe take vp his Crosse and follow him Math. 16. 24. For the life of a Christian in this world consisteth in the deniall of himselfe the taking vp of the Crosse and imitation of the vertues of Christ that renouncing his owne iudgement and will resigneth himselfe wholly ouer vnto him and doth not beare but take vp the Crosse and embrace it and so follow the Lord Iesus who hath suffered whatsoeuer we can snffer And at the last all things shall turne to the best and therefore doe we reioyce in tribulation Rom. 5. 3. For blessed is the man who is tempted because when hee is tried hee shall receiue the crowne of life which God hath promised to all those whom hee loueth Iames 1. 12. When Iesus saw his Mother and the Disciple whome hee loued Christ now being in great extremity and perplexity is in this very howre not carelesse of his mother hee hath no part free but his eyes and his tong with this he louingly speaketh vnto her with those he tenderly beholdeth her that so he might shew how deare she was vnto him how deeply she was engrauen in his heart A strange miracle a lamentable conflict of the eyes His eyes at the same time did hasten to be closed vp in death yet did turn themselues towards his mother The power of death did enforce thē to faile the greatnesse of loue opened them to behold her and not only so but giueth comfort with his speech and prouideth for her future estate and thus sheweth himselfe obedient to his heauenly father in the meane time not neglecting or making light account of the performance of the duetie of humane loue vnto his earthly mother That precept that wee t Augustinus tractatu 119. in Iohannis 〈◊〉 should honor our parents and not in death it selfe be vnregardfull of them is no humane ordinance but the commandement of God that ancient and religious decree u Arnoldus Carnot●●sis de 〈◊〉 vltimis Christi verbis which Christ our Sauiour gaue hee doth himselfe practise And though the speech be short in words yet therein is included a dutifull affection and singular loue expressed Wherefore since he hath consecrated this duety by his owne x 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Theophilactus example for the better vnderstanding thereof two points but briefly are to be discussed The one wherein this duety doth consist the other by what equity wee are bound to the performance thereof For the first Iesus the sonne of Syrach doth vnfold the force and power of this word honor cap. 3. And therein are comprehended 1. y Filij in parentes ●ria particularia peccata numerantur à Summistis 1. irreu●rentia 2. i●obedientia 3. omissio subuentionis Caieta 〈…〉 in summa Reuerence that is an acknowledgement of dignity and superiour power and that in the mind body action z Diogenes quendam de patre malè loquētem castigans Quid inquit de eo malè loqueris absque quo si non fuisset tu non modo loqui non potuisses sed nem natura quidem r●rum fuisses Epictotus in Enchiridio cap. 37. speech and gesture for oftentimes piety is wronged by an outward countenance So Dauid when he speaketh vnto Saul his father in law professed enemy stileth him with those submisse terms my Lord and King 1. Sam. 26. 17. and Solomon when Bath-shebae his mother commeth vnto him riseth vp from his Royall throne goeth to meet her boweth downe to the ground and causeth her to bee placed in a seate at his right hand 1. Kin. 2. 19. a Vide Agellium noctium Articarum lib. 2. cap. 2. Plutuorim in eodem dissertationem 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Timocles 2. Obedience the performance and execution of their parents commandements so far forth as lyeth in them Gods glory may be preserued safe vnstained Thus Iacob resteth himselfe in the counsell of Rebecca his mother and yeeldeth to her admonition Gen. 27. 14. The Rhecabites are commended by the mouth of God himselfe who abstained frō drinking of wine dwelt in Tabernacles because their father Ionadab had so enioined thē Ie. 25. 19. in truth this is one of the chiefe vertues that can be found among men b 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Menander and the very sinewes and preseruation of all societies Therefore Paul doth expound the word honour by * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 obedience and subiection Eph. 6. 1. Coloss 3. 20. 3 Gratitude the supply of their wants if c 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Menander Harmenopulus in Promptuario miris lib. 3. titulo 5. §. 83. Insignis locus est apud Ambrosium in Luc. Euangelium l. 8. cap. 18. Illud obs quid habes quibus debes quantum debes c. they stand in need of our goods labour and counsell When the famine preuailed in Palestina Ioseph sendeth for his father into Egypt receiueth him honorably prouideth him
hope of his gratious promises and call vpon him in all our tryals and afflictions Thus Iacob when he feared the rage and festered wrath of his brother I pray thee O Lord deliuer me from the hand of Esau Gen. 32. 11. And Dauid thrust from his kingdome by his rebellious sonne Absolom Thou art a buckler for me my glory and the lifter vp of my head Psal 3. 3. Iehosophat environed with the great and sundry troups of his enemies There is no strength in vs to stand before this multitude that commeth against vs neither doe wee know what to doe but our eyes are towards thee 2. Chron. 20. 12. And the Iewes who presently and out of hand should haue been vtterly rooted out by the subtle plots and deuises of Haman betake themselues to prayer and fasting as their onely refuge Hester 4. 16. Great are the troubles of the righteous but the Lord deliuereth him out of them all Psal 34. 19. Let vs then bee patient in all tribulations submitting our Vse selues humbly vnder the mighty hand of God 1. Pet. 5. 6. And as the eyes of seruants looke vnto the hands of their masters and the eyes of a maide vnto the hands of her mistris so should our eyes waite vpon God vntill he haue mercy vpon vs Psal 123. 2. For we must depend on him alone in him repose our selues and rowle our waies vpon the Lord Trust in him and he shall bring it to passe Psal 37. 5. none is such a Father none so tender ouer vs and louing a Tertullianus de Patientia Commit thy wrongs done vnto him he will be the reuenger thy losse he will restore it thy sorrow hee will comfort thy life he will raise thee vp from death Father into thy hands I commit my spirit Christ vseth heere an especiall * 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 terme of b Lexicon Iuridicum ex Brissonio Hotomēno aeijs collectum in vocabul● Depositum speech and of singular efficacie I commit my spirit for it signifieth to lay down as a pretious thing presently to be required againe and he to whom it is so committed is bound to a carefull and diligent keeping thereof and to restore the same Christ hath bound vp in the c Athanasius de susceptione humanae naturae bundell of life not onely his owne soule but of all the faithfull likewise and together commended them vnto God and to be quickned by him For we are his members and therefore it is without any question that the soules of the righteous loosed from the body passe into eternall life and the companie of the triumphant Church in heauen For to bee in heauen with Christ in the hand of God in Paradise in Abrahams bosome are phrases aequipollent of one and the same signification Wee know therefore saith St. Paul that if our earthly house of this tabernacle be destroyed wee haue a building giuen of God that is an house not made with hands but eternall in the heauens 2. Cor. 5. 1. And for this cause desireth to depart that he might be with Christ Philip. 1. 23. And Stephen in the last conflict prayeth Lord Iesu receiue my spirit Act. 7. 59. Lazarus after he is dead is said by the Angels to bee caried into Abrahams bosome Luk. 16. 22. And Paradise is promised to the confessing and beleeuing thiefe Luk. 23. 43. Iohn saw the soules of the faithfull vnder the altar in heauen Reuel 6. 8. The holy Ghost pronounceth them blessed who die in the Lord Apoc. 14. 13. And the wise man distinguishing of the two parts of man the soule and the body expresseth the dissimilitude of their condition thus dust shall returne to the earth as it was and the d Epicharmus Sapient is ver●● expressit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Apud Plutarchum in oratione Consolatoria ad Ap 〈…〉 similem Xenarchi iocum quo nec Graecorum quisquam nac R●manorum ●sus est obseruauit vir clarissimus Isaacus Casaub●nus in s●●● ad Athaene●● animaduersi nibus lib. 13. cap. 3. qui est 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quomodo Da●id loquutus est Psal 119. Anima mihi assidue est in manu mea spirit to God that gaue it Eccles 12. 7. My purpose is not more fully to prosecute this point the summe of all is this the soules of the iust are in the hands of e Sic mors nihil est a●●d quam ●xi us anim● d●c●r●●re finis exilij laboris consumm●●o ad por●um applicatio pereorinati●●is fini●●o ●neris grauissimi dep●s●●io de domo r●inos● lib. ratio aegri●●dinum ●m●ium terminatio reditus in patriam ingressus in gloriam Holco●●s in 3. cap Sapi●●●●● God Wisdom 3. 1. in peace and rest in their beds Esay 57. 1. 2. Ierome thus speaketh of Blesilla that hauing cast off the burden of the flesh the soule hastened to her Creator and being a pilgrim long in earth came at the last to her ancient possession Vse 1. First by this are ouerthrowen the fantasticall conceits of naturall men and the wicked blasphemies of Heretikes of which sort were the f Diogenes La●rtius Herodotus in Euterpe Malchus de vita Pithagorae Ter 〈…〉 d● a●●●● in Apologetico cap. 8. Hieronymus ad●ersus Ruffin●m Lacta●i●s lib. 3. cap. 18. A●●● o●●● de bon● mortis cap. 10. Tbeodoretus in haerotico●●m fabularum compendi% in Epit●me 〈◊〉 de●retorū Pythagorians and Valentinians who imagined a wandring of soules out of one body into another with which idle dotage Iulian the g S●●rates hist●r 〈…〉 st lib. 3. cap. 21. Apostata was possessed and therfore boasted that somtime he had been Alexander the great Empedocles could remember when he was a fish and among the Iewes the Phari●ies were bewitched with this heathenish folly h Iosephus antiquitatum lib. 18. cap. 2● de bello Iudaico lib. 2. cap. 8. Herod Antipas seemeth to haue ●asted of this error for when hee heard of the fame of Iesus perswaded himselfe that it was Iohn the Baptist whom he had put to death Math. 14. 2. And in this ranke the Anabaptists are to be marshalled who haue deuised a new kind of soule-sleeping and thinke they are held in this drowsie Lethargy being once separated from the body vntill the day of iudgment when they shall bee awakened But the soules of the godly are said after death when they are departed to pr●●s● the Lord Reuel ●9 1. 2. to returne vnto him Eccles 12. but this cannot bee if they bee cast into a deepe sleepe Furthermore in this mortall life while the body sleepeth the soule neuer resteth but is occupied much more then when it is free and vnburdened of the i Caluinus de 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Petrus Martyr in 1. Cor. 13. Danaeus Isagoges parte 5. l. 1. cap. 19. flesh But I will not bestow more time to confute this absurd and sencelesse opinion against which many learned Diuines haue written so plentifully A second