there_o be_v a_o precedent_n for_o this_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imitate_v by_o one_o who_o profess_v the_o name_n of_o christ_n and_o that_o which_o make_v this_o action_n of_o his_o altogether_o inexcusable_a be_v that_o he_o expect_v no_o succour_n inexcusable_a and_o altogether_o inexcusable_a for_o after_o he_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o town_n wherein_o many_o of_o those_o citizen_n who_o he_o permit_v to_o stay_v be_v consume_v with_o famine_n and_o the_o remnant_n of_o his_o soldier_n so_o hunger-starve_a that_o they_o look_v like_o skeleton_n he_o confess_v in_o the_o first_o tome_n of_o his_o commentary_n that_o he_o can_v never_o think_v of_o what_o he_o do_v but_o with_o a_o sad_a affliction_n of_o spirit_n for_o his_o folly_n he_o shall_v have_v say_v vanity_n and_o arrogance_n in_o reduce_v that_o noble_a city_n and_o his_o own_o soldiery_n to_o the_o last_o morsel_n of_o bread_n and_o submit_v they_o to_o the_o mercy_n of_o a_o incense_a enemy_n when_o he_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o his_o master_n henry_n the_o second_o of_o france_n be_v neither_o able_a to_o relieve_v he_o at_o that_o time_n nor_o desirous_a he_o shall_v bring_v himself_o and_o the_o city_n to_o those_o extremity_n reinach_n governor_n of_o brisac_n in_o the_o year_n 1638_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o reason_n brisac_n brisac_n to_o keep_v out_o that_o strong_a town_n to_o the_o very_a last_o against_o the_o duke_n of_o weimar_n since_o he_o know_v his_o master_n the_o emperor_n will_v use_v all_o mean_n under_o heaven_n to_o relieve_v a_o place_n that_o be_v of_o so_o great_a a_o concern_v to_o the_o house_n of_o austria_n yet_o do_v he_o shut_v no_o inhabitant_n out_o of_o it_o after_o it_o be_v besiege_v this_o brisac_n for_o the_o famine_n it_o suffer_v during_o that_o siege_n be_v a_o epitome_n of_o the_o misery_n of_o samaria_n and_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o of_o sancerre_n and_o rochel_n in_o france_n caesar_n in_o his_o gallic_a war_n tell_v we_o with_o a_o great_a abhorrency_n of_o the_o fact_n that_o when_o he_o have_v reduce_v vercengentorix_n and_o his_o gaul_n to_o great_a want_n within_o alesia_n at_o a_o alesia_n alesia_n council_n hold_v by_o the_o besiege_a one_o of_o the_o prime_a man_n among_o they_o propose_v that_o all_o the_o old_a and_o unserviceable_a people_n of_o the_o town_n shall_v be_v kill_v and_o preserve_v for_o food_n to_o those_o who_o be_v able_a to_o work_v and_o fight_v but_o the_o provision_n for_o the_o belly_n be_v they_o great_a or_o small_a shall_v be_v spare_o measure_a out_o after_o the_o public_a storehouse_n be_v once_o break_v up_o to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o thing_n requisite_a and_o necessary_a for_o besiege_a place_n i_o shall_v add_v the_o care_n that_o shall_v be_v requisite_a physician_n apothecary_n and_o chirurgeon_n requisite_a take_v â—or_a the_o sick_a and_o the_o wound_a for_o which_o apothecary_n shop_n and_o chirurgeon_n chest_n shall_v be_v well_o furnish_v for_o cure_v both_o sickness_n and_o wound_n for_o the_o inspection_n whereof_o some_o skilful_a physician_n shall_v be_v entertain_v our_o fortify_v place_n be_v it_o never_o so_o strong_a be_v but_o a_o dead_a body_n till_o man_n be_v put_v into_o it_o and_o then_o we_o may_v say_v it_o have_v live_v member_n whereof_o victual_n be_v the_o nutriment_n and_o munition_n of_o war_n arm_n and_o money_n shall_v be_v the_o supporter_n in_o this_o body_n to_o make_v it_o serviceable_a to_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v the_o creator_n of_o fortress_n a_o governor_n of_o a_o fortress_n it_o a_o rational_a soul_n must_v be_v infuse_v and_o that_o soul_n shall_v be_v call_v the_o governor_n and_o of_o he_o i_o may_v say_v almost_o as_o i_o say_v in_o another_o place_n of_o a_o captain_n general_n that_o such_o a_o governor_n as_o many_o in_o their_o discourse_n and_o some_o in_o their_o write_n describe_v be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o no_o country_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o utopia_n or_o to_o be_v read_v of_o in_o any_o book_n except_o romance_n he_o must_v say_v they_o have_v a_o universal_a knowledge_n of_o fortification_n and_o gunnery_n he_o must_v be_v very_o wise_a of_o a_o ready_a he_o a_o notional_a description_n of_o he_o judgement_n and_o a_o great_a memory_n he_o shall_v be_v affable_a and_o courteous_a yet_o severe_a eloquent_a vigilant_a sober_a temperate_a religious_a loyal_a above_o measure_n courageous_a and_o indefatigable_a this_o seem_v to_o be_v enough_o but_o there_o must_v be_v more_o he_o must_v be_v a_o old_a experience_a captain_n and_o one_o who_o have_v give_v good_a proof_n that_o he_o can_v both_o take_v and_o defend_v fortify_v place_n this_o be_v a_o very_a strange_a qualification_n for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v not_o admit_v to_o be_v a_o governor_n unless_o he_o have_v be_v one_o before_o he_o shall_v never_o be_v one_o in_o his_o life_n it_o need_v therefore_o to_o be_v restrict_v thus_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v choose_v to_o be_v governor_n of_o a_o frontier_n town_n or_o a_o royal_a fortification_n unless_o he_o have_v former_o well_o defend_v some_o fort_n or_o castle_n of_o lesser_a importance_n have_v the_o real_a qualification_n he_o shall_v have_v the_o truth_n be_v much_o of_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o place_n depend_v on_o the_o governor_n and_o therefore_o he_o shall_v be_v no_o novice_n in_o military_a affair_n but_o for_o all_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v a_o old_a man_n for_o age_n waste_v that_o natural_a vigour_n which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o man_n of_o his_o charge_n and_o make_v he_o unable_a for_o that_o fatigue_n which_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o undergo_v as_o to_o his_o experience_n i_o think_v it_o be_v enough_o if_o he_o have_v be_v at_o two_o or_o three_o sieges_n and_o within_o one_o or_o two_o besiege_a place_n provide_v he_o be_v of_o a_o quick_a apprehension_n and_o judgement_n for_o such_o a_o one_o will_v learn_v more_o at_o one_o sight_n than_o other_o will_v do_v at_o twenty_o he_o shall_v understand_v the_o general_a rule_n of_o fortification_n and_o gunnery_n he_o shall_v be_v of_o a_o jocund_a and_o jovial_a humour_n for_o when_o soldier_n who_o be_v besiege_v look_v on_o their_o governor_n and_o see_v he_o sullen_a who_o perhaps_o natural_o be_v so_o they_o fancy_v he_o be_v conscious_a of_o some_o defect_n weakness_n or_o danger_n whereof_o they_o know_v nothing_o he_o shall_v be_v very_o courageous_a and_o though_o he_o be_v bind_v to_o save_v himself_o from_o all_o needless_a danger_n yet_o in_o assault_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v shy_a to_o expose_v his_o person_n to_o the_o most_o eminent_a peril_n for_o his_o presence_n do_v exceed_o animate_v those_o who_o be_v hazard_v their_o life_n in_o that_o piece_n of_o service_n if_o this_o be_v true_a as_o i_o believe_v it_o be_v than_o those_o be_v mistake_v governor_n a_o coward_n a_o have_v governor_n who_o think_v a_o coward_n a_o fitâ—_n person_n to_o be_v a_o governor_n because_o his_o constant_a fear_n will_v make_v he_o constant_o vigilant_a but_o to_o what_o purpose_n his_o vigilance_n when_o two_o or_o three_o hour_n battery_n of_o cannon_n shall_v terrify_v he_o to_o a_o surrender_n a_o opiniator_n our_o governor_n shall_v not_o be_v but_o ready_a both_o to_o seek_v and_o follow_v the_o advice_n of_o his_o captain_n engineer_n and_o gunner_n and_o yet_o of_o that_o judgement_n that_o he_o may_v of_o himself_o conclude_v the_o advice_n that_o be_v give_v he_o to_o be_v rational_a it_o be_v fit_v he_o have_v two_o or_o three_o or_o more_o engineer_n with_o he_o for_o order_v retrenchment_n gunner_n engineer_n and_o gunner_n and_o invent_v new_a defence_n engine_n and_o machine_n according_a to_o the_o emergency_n of_o the_o siege_n good_a gunner_n and_o cannoneer_n he_o shall_v have_v in_o the_o fort_n who_o have_v skill_n to_o make_v battery_n counter-battery_n and_o sink_v battery_n and_o to_o dismount_v the_o enemy_n ordnance_n and_o if_o there_o be_v more_o regiment_n than_o one_o in_o the_o garrison_n it_o be_v fit_v the_o colonel_n lieutenant_n colonel_n and_o major_n be_v man_n of_o good_a understanding_n and_o experience_n that_o if_o either_o the_o governor_n or_o any_o of_o they_o chance_n to_o die_v which_o frequent_o fall_v out_o those_o who_o succeed_v to_o they_o by_o their_o antiquity_n or_o priority_n of_o place_n may_v be_v endue_v with_o those_o qualification_n that_o be_v suitable_a to_o their_o trust_n and_o charge_n be_v satisfy_v with_o the_o qualification_n of_o the_o governor_n and_o those_o who_o be_v to_o assist_v he_o let_v we_o in_o the_o next_o place_n take_v a_o view_n of_o those_o duty_n he_o owe_v and_o be_v bind_v to_o perform_v in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n before_o the_o danger_n be_v near_o he_o governor_n duty_n of_o a_o governor_n shall_v destroy_v all_o the_o suburb_n for_o those_o
by_o the_o favour_n of_o powerful_a friend_n have_v come_v to_o that_o charge_n to_o command_v over_o a_o grave_n and_o experience_a major_n it_o be_v the_o way_n to_o make_v discipline_n of_o war_n contemptible_a to_o some_o and_o ridiculous_a to_o other_o i_o remember_v that_o in_o germany_n one_o of_o the_o swedish_n lieutenant_n general_n â—ad_v the_o chief_a command_n of_o a_o little_a army_n and_o over_o all_o the_o garrison_n of_o that_o country_n which_o be_v not_o few_o a_o strong_a party_n of_o that_o army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n be_v draw_v out_o to_o attack_v a_o little_a town_n strong_o barricado_v by_o the_o enemy_n five_o hundred_o command_v foot_n be_v to_o fall_v on_o first_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o a_o lieutenant_n colonel_n he_o who_o be_v lieutenant_n colonel_n of_o the_o lieutenant_n general_n regiment_n which_o have_v the_o name_n of_o guard_n pretend_v to_o the_o command_n and_o debate_v it_o strong_o there_o be_v a_o elder_a lieutenant_n colonel_n than_o he_o of_o another_o regiment_n who_o stiff_o refuse_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o lieutenant_n colonel_n of_o the_o guard_n pretend_v to_o the_o command_n because_o he_o have_v be_v a_o lieutenant_n colonel_n in_o the_o swedish_n service_n long_o before_o the_o other_o the_o lieutenant_n general_n be_v consult_v who_o present_o order_v they_o to_o cast_v the_o dice_n for_o it_o his_o own_o lieutenant_n colonel_n by_o lot_n gain_v the_o honour_n but_o lose_v his_o life_n by_o the_o bargain_n you_o see_v how_o this_o lieutenant_n general_n be_v loath_a to_o give_v occasion_n of_o discontent_n by_o prefer_v a_o officer_n of_o the_o guard_n to_o another_o of_o that_o same_o quality_n but_o of_o a_o elder_a stand_n and_o yet_o if_o i_o have_v be_v worthy_a to_o have_v be_v arbitrator_n i_o have_v award_v the_o command_n to_o the_o lieutenant_n colonel_n of_o the_o guard_n thus_o far_o have_v i_o hazard_v to_o publish_v my_o opinion_n of_o this_o controvert_v point_n and_o as_o every_o thing_n that_o man_n write_v must_v be_v subject_a to_o the_o variable_a judgement_n of_o several_a reader_n so_o i_o profess_v i_o shall_v be_v willing_a to_o alter_v my_o opinion_n when_o the_o reason_n of_o other_o shall_v even_o but_o probable_o convince_v i_o to_o have_v be_v in_o a_o error_n i_o be_o sure_a to_o maintain_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o will_v transgress_v neither_o act_n or_o statute_n of_o either_o church_n or_o state_n ordinance_n of_o war_n even_o of_o the_o great_a of_o man_n be_v not_o irrevocable_a as_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o mede_n and_o persian_n be_v say_v to_o be_v but_o notwithstanding_o any_o reason_n can_v be_v give_v for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o avoid_v this_o question_n this_o great_a king_n of_o france_n give_v a_o superiority_n of_o some_o officer_n over_o other_o of_o that_o same_o degree_n and_o not_o only_o to_o those_o of_o his_o own_o guard_n which_o be_v very_o many_o and_o those_o of_o the_o queen_n the_o dolphin_n and_o monsieur_n his_o brother_n which_o i_o look_v upon_o as_o tolerable_a but_o he_o give_v the_o command_n to_o french_a officer_n over_o stranger_n of_o a_o high_a quality_n in_o so_o much_o that_o in_o one_o chapter_n of_o his_o ordinance_n he_o order_v lieutenant-colonel_n who_o be_v stranger_n to_o be_v command_v if_o i_o remember_v right_a by_o a_o french_a ensign_n if_o private_a man_n may_v examine_v the_o direction_n of_o mighty_a monarch_n i_o shall_v think_v this_o be_v enough_o to_o encourage_v all_o stranger_n to_o offer_v their_o service_n to_o the_o capital_a enemy_n of_o his_o most_o christian_n majesty_n chap._n xiii_o of_o feltmarshal_n lieutenant-feltmarshals_a lieutenant-general_n general_n of_o the_o cavalry_n and_o infantry_n major-general_n and_o adjutant-general_n our_o modern_a force_n be_v levy_v muster_v arm_v well_o exercise_v discipline_v pay_v and_o proviant_v and_o mould_v in_o troop_n company_n and_o regiment_n call_v now_o for_o general_n officer_n that_o these_o independent_a body_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v may_v be_v cast_v in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o army_n these_o shall_v not_o be_v want_v for_o it_o be_v but_o too_o ordinary_a to_o have_v more_o general_a officer_n in_o a_o army_n than_o there_o be_v colonel_n in_o it_o and_o yet_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o more_o colonel_n than_o be_v necessary_a army_n many_o general_a person_n in_o a_o army_n if_o you_o consider_v the_o weakness_n of_o their_o regiment_n and_o true_o i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o insupportable_a abuse_n and_o vanity_n that_o no_o soon_o be_v a_o lieutenant_n or_o major-general_n send_v with_o a_o part_n of_o the_o army_n on_o some_o exploit_n which_o may_v require_v some_o considerable_a time_n or_o that_o upon_o some_o other_o occasion_n either_o for_o a_o speedy_a march_n the_o accommodation_n of_o the_o army_n or_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o country_n every_o one_o who_o command_v apart_o one_o wing_n or_o tertia_fw-la of_o that_o army_n in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n make_v up_o a_o complete_a general_n staff_n of_o the_o general_n of_o the_o artillery_n commissary_n muster-master_n and_o proviant-master_n general_n and_o of_o the_o auditor_n and_o provost-marshal_n general_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o so_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o of_o the_o quartermaster_n scout-master_n and_o waggonmaster_n general_n and_o now_o i_o be_o to_o give_v you_o a_o brief_a description_n of_o these_o general_a officer_n mention_v in_o the_o title_n of_o this_o chapter_n the_o word_n felt_n or_o field-marshal_a import_v nothing_o else_o but_o that_o person_n who_o felt-marshalâ—_a felt-marshalâ—_a have_v the_o field_n and_o be_v call_v in_o french_a marshal_z de_fw-fr camp_n and_o so_o the_o primitive_a institution_n of_o the_o office_n be_v and_o so_o it_o continue_v till_o within_o these_o fifty_o year_n for_o the_o present_a in_o germany_n sweden_n and_o denmark_n those_o who_o command_v army_n royal_a consist_v of_o cavalry_n infantry_n and_o artillery_n be_v qualify_v by_o the_o title_n of_o feltmarshals_a and_o have_v a_o equivalent_a authority_n to_o the_o ancient_a marshal_n of_o france_n far_o above_o that_o of_o marshal_n the_o camp_n and_o those_o feltmarshals_a have_v under_o they_o lieutenant-general_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n generals_z and_o major-general_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o these_o last_o be_v now_o the_o marshal_n of_o the_o field_n for_o they_o draw_v up_o the_o several_a regiment_n and_o brigade_n of_o both_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n so_o upon_o the_o matter_n a_o felt-marshal_n be_v now_o general_a or_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o the_o army_n so_o be_v barrier_n torstensone_n and_o wrangel_n successive_o one_o after_o another_o in_o the_o long_a german_a war_n under_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n these_o feel_a marshal_n now_o have_v general_n and_o train_n of_o artillery_n under_o they_o a_o feltmarshals_a absolute_a command_n of_o a_o army_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v of_o no_o old_a date_n for_o in_o my_o time_n ilo_z be_v felt-marshal_n to_o wallenstein_n gustavus_n horn_n to_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n kniphausin_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n and_o as_o in_o process_n of_o time_n he_o have_v insensible_o attain_v to_o a_o high_a and_o more_o absolute_a power_n than_o before_o so_o the_o title_n of_o lieutenant_n felt-marshal_n signify_v now_o more_o than_o it_o can_v be_v interpret_v lieutenant-felt-marshal_n lieutenant-felt-marshal_n to_o do_v at_o its_o first_o institution_n and_o the_o title_n itself_o be_v not_o old_a when_o the_o late_a king_n of_o sweden_n invade_v pole_n he_o gratify_v some_o of_o his_o ancient_a general_n officer_n with_o this_o title_n and_o it_o be_v then_o and_o be_v now_o where_o it_o be_v use_v look_v upon_o as_o more_o honourable_a than_o that_o of_o lieutenant-general_n for_o what_o reason_n i_o can_v divine_v yet_o it_o be_v certain_o so_o for_o a_o lieutenant_n felt-marshal_n command_v general_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n count_n koningsmark_n have_v command_v several_a army_n in_o chief_a in_o the_o long_a german_a war_n both_o prudent_o and_o successful_o under_o the_o title_n of_o lieutenant-general_n but_o think_v himself_o honour_v seven_o year_n after_o the_o peace_n of_o munster_n with_o this_o title_n of_o lieutenant_n felt-marshal_n that_o must_v be_v most_o honourable_a that_o a_o prince_n fancy_n to_o be_v so_o and_o there_o be_v good_a reason_n for_o it_o because_o he_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o honour_n a_o lieutenant_n general_n if_o you_o take_v the_o word_n strict_o have_v no_o command_n army_n lieutenant-general_n of_o a_o army_n when_o his_o general_n be_v present_a i_o think_v it_o be_v a_o most_o proper_a title_n for_o those_o who_o command_v army_n in_o chief_a under_o a_o monarch_n or_o free_a state_n because_o they_o be_v their_o lieutenant_n in_o militaribus_fw-la or_o if_o a_o prince_n have_v appoint_v a_o captain-general_n to_o command_v all_o his_o force_n
as_o the_o regiment_n or_o brigade_n march_v if_o any_o wagon_n or_o baggage-horse_n press_v to_o be_v before_o these_o behind_o who_o the_o waggonmaster_n general_n have_v order_v they_o to_o march_v he_o may_v safe_o make_v prize_n of_o they_o owe_v they_o who_o will_n when_o the_o wagon_n come_v to_o a_o heath_n or_o a_o champaign_n field_n the_o waggonmaster_n shall_v order_v the_o wagon_n to_o draw_v up_o two_o four_o or_o five_o in_o rank_n and_o to_o drive_v in_o that_o order_n so_o long_o as_o the_o ground_n permit_v they_o to_o do_v so_o and_o this_o save_v time_n and_o make_v dispatch_v and_o when_o they_o come_v to_o straight_o ground_n they_o be_v to_o fall_v off_o by_o the_o right_a hand_n in_o that_o order_n wherein_o they_o be_v before_o the_o same_o course_n he_o be_v to_o take_v with_o baggage_n horse_n this_o baggage-master_n general_n be_v allow_v to_o have_v two_o lieutenant_n so_o that_o if_o the_o army_n march_v three_o several_a way_n aâ—_n deputy_n waggonmaster_n have_v deputy_n sometime_o it_o do_v himself_n and_o his_o two_o deputy_n serve_v to_o marshal_v the_o baggage_n of_o all_o the_o three_o if_o the_o army_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o or_o the_o cavalry_n march_v alone_o one_o of_o his_o lieutenant_n go_v along_o with_o the_o horse_n the_o other_o stay_v with_o himself_o and_o he_o be_v constant_o to_o be_v there_o where_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n and_o train_n of_o artillery_n either_o march_v or_o quarter_v many_o time_n wagon_n be_v command_v to_o be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v sometime_o all_o the_o woman_n and_o most_o of_o the_o baggage_n be_v leave_v behind_o at_o some_o garrison_n and_o fortify_v place_n or_o with_o the_o body_n of_o the_o infantry_n and_o artillery_n when_o expedition_n call_v away_o all_o the_o horse_n dragoon_n and_o as_o many_o foot_n as_o be_v able_a to_o march_v lusty_o in_o some_o of_o these_o occasion_n officer_n go_v fair_a to_o lose_v their_o wagon_n and_o some_o of_o their_o moveable_n first_o woman_n follow_v a_o army_n divide_v into_o three_o class_n first_o woman_n who_o follow_v a_o army_n may_v be_v order_v if_o they_o can_v be_v order_v in_o three_o rank_n or_o rather_o in_o class_n one_o below_o another_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v of_o those_o who_o be_v lady_n and_o be_v the_o wife_n of_o the_o general_n and_o other_o principal_a commander_n of_o the_o army_n who_o for_o most_o part_n be_v carry_v in_o coach_n but_o those_o coach_n must_v drive_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o they_o to_o who_o the_o lady_n belong_v and_o as_o the_o baggage_n of_o their_o husband_n be_v appoint_v to_o march_v by_o the_o waggonmaster_n general_n the_o second_o class_n be_v of_o those_o who_o ride_v on_o horseback_n second_o second_o and_o these_o must_v ride_v in_o no_o other_o place_n than_o where_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o regiment_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v march_v but_o they_o be_v very_o oft_o extravagant_a gad_v here_o and_o there_o and_o therefore_o in_o some_o place_n they_o be_v put_v in_o company_n and_o have_v one_o or_o more_o to_o command_v and_o oversee_v they_o and_o these_o be_v call_v in_o germany_n hureweibles_n ruler_n or_o marshal_n of_o the_o whore_n i_o have_v see_v they_o ride_v keep_v troop_n rank_n and_o file_v very_o well_o after_o that_o captain_n of_o they_o who_o lead_v they_o and_o a_o banner_n with_o they_o which_o one_o of_o the_o woman_n carry_v the_o three_o three_o three_o class_n be_v of_o those_o who_o walk_v on_o foot_n and_o be_v the_o wife_n of_o inferior_a officer_n and_o soldier_n these_o must_v walk_v beside_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o several_a regiment_n to_o who_o they_o belong_v and_o over_o they_o the_o several_a regiment_n marshal_n have_v inspection_n as_o woman_n be_v create_v to_o be_v a_o helper_n to_o man_n so_o woman_n be_v great_a helper_n armieâ—_n woman_n helpful_a to_o their_o husband_n in_o armieâ—_n in_o army_n to_o their_o husband_n especial_o those_o of_o the_o low_a condition_n neither_o shall_v they_o be_v rash_o banish_v out_o of_o army_n send_v away_o they_o may_v be_v sometime_o for_o weighty_a consideration_n they_o provide_v buy_v and_o dress_v their_o husband_n meat_n when_o their_o husband_n be_v on_o duty_n or_o new_o come_v from_o it_o they_o bring_v in_o fuel_n for_o fire_n and_o wash_v their_o linen_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n of_o employment_n a_o soldier_n wife_n may_v be_v helpful_a to_o other_o and_o gain_v money_n to_o her_o husband_n and_o herself_o especial_o they_o be_v useful_a in_o camp_n and_o leaguer_n be_v permit_v which_o shall_v not_o be_v refuse_v they_o to_o go_v some_o mile_n from_o the_o camp_n to_o buy_v victual_n and_o other_o camp_n useful_a in_o camp_n necessary_n at_o the_o long_a siege_n of_o breda_n make_v by_o spinola_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o marry_a soldier_n fare_v better_a look_v more_o vigorous_o and_o be_v able_a to_o do_v more_o duty_n than_o the_o bachelor_n and_o all_o the_o spite_n be_v do_v the_o poor_a woman_n be_v to_o be_v call_v their_o husband_n mule_n by_o those_o who_o will_v have_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v have_v such_o mule_n themselves_o among_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o woman_n in_o well_o order_v army_n there_o be_v none_o but_o those_o who_o be_v marry_v if_o there_o be_v any_o else_o upon_o examination_n make_v by_o the_o minister_n priest_n or_o consistory_n they_o be_v put_v away_o with_o ignominy_n at_o least_o shall_v be_v conformable_a to_o all_o article_n of_o war._n but_o a_o strange_a story_n be_v write_v by_o good_a author_n of_o that_o famous_a duke_n of_o aluâ—_n who_o name_n be_v yet_o so_o hateful_a to_o most_o of_o the_o netherlands_o they_o say_v at_o that_o time_n he_o march_v from_o italy_n to_o the_o low-countries_n to_o reduce_v they_o to_o the_o obedience_n of_o his_o master_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n a_o permission_n be_v give_v to_o courtesan_n to_o follow_v his_o army_n but_o they_o be_v to_o ride_v in_o troop_n with_o banner_n they_o have_v their_o several_a courtesan_n a_o strange_a story_n of_o courtesan_n capitaness_n and_o alfieras_n or_o she-cornet_n and_o other_o officer_n who_o keep_v among_o they_o a_o exact_a discipline_n in_o all_o point_n that_o concern_v their_o profession_n they_o be_v divide_v into_o several_a squadron_n according_a to_o their_o quality_n and_o that_o be_v distinguish_v no_o otherwise_o but_o by_o the_o difference_n of_o their_o beauty_n face_n and_o feature_n those_o of_o the_o best_a sort_n be_v permit_v only_o to_o traffic_v with_o man_n of_o the_o high_a quality_n those_o of_o the_o second_o rank_n with_o commander_n of_o great_a note_n those_o of_o the_o three_o with_o officer_n of_o a_o low_a condition_n and_o those_o of_o the_o four_o degree_n with_o officer_n who_o be_v of_o the_o mean_a quality_n and_o soldier_n who_o those_o of_o the_o other_o three_o rank_n reject_v a_o excellent_a commonwealth_n where_o it_o be_v prohibit_v under_o all_o grievous_a pain_n not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v court_v by_o any_o commonwealth_n a_o abominable_a commonwealth_n either_o above_o or_o below_o the_o rank_n wherein_o they_o be_v place_v and_o that_o be_v impartial_o do_v according_a to_o the_o talon_n nature_n have_v bestow_v upon_o they_o so_o that_o every_o common_a soldier_n inferior_a person_n or_o low_a officer_n ensign_n captain_n colonel_n or_o general_a commander_n know_v to_o who_o they_o may_v address_v themselves_o and_o from_o who_o they_o may_v buy_v repentance_n a_o practice_n which_o i_o suppose_v never_o have_v a_o precedent_n in_o either_o christian_a or_o pagan_a army_n and_o which_o with_o a_o impudent_a face_n loud_o cry_v defiance_n to_o both_o religion_n and_o moral_a honesty_n chap._n xix_o of_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n if_o there_o be_v any_o confusion_n in_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n or_o that_o the_o right_n order_v it_o be_v neglect_v by_o general_a person_n in_o appoint_v every_o regiment_n or_o brigade_n its_o own_o place_n with_o the_o train_n of_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n or_o that_o colonel_n major_n and_o captain_n be_v careless_a to_o obey_v their_o order_n in_o their_o march_n army_n a_o careless_a march_n the_o ruin_n of_o a_o army_n and_o suffer_v their_o soldier_n to_o run_v straggle_v and_o lag_v behind_o it_o not_o only_o give_v a_o enemy_n a_o wish_a advantage_n but_o be_v enough_o of_o itself_o to_o ruin_v a_o army_n even_o without_o the_o help_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o a_o march_n a_o army_n may_v be_v surprise_v in_o pass_v a_o river_n whether_o that_o be_v by_o ford_n bridg_n or_o boat_n or_o when_o it_o march_v through_o marsh_n ground_n or_o close_a country_n when_o it_o ascend_v or_o descend_v hill_n to_o all_o these_o inconvenience_n a_o careful_a general_n shall_v advert_v and_o according_a to_o the_o intelligence_n he_o have_v either_o
hinder_v either_o prince_n or_o state_n to_o appoint_v the_o depth_n of_o their_o batallion_n to_o be_v twelve_o ten_o eight_o or_o six_o deep_a as_o they_o think_v fit_a though_o by_o some_o of_o they_o the_o body_n can_v be_v subdivide_v till_o they_o come_v to_o one_o file_n or_o one_o rank_n for_o it_o be_v never_o see_v nor_o do_v i_o fancy_n it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o ever_o such_o a_o emergency_n of_o war_n will_v fall_v out_o that_o can_v move_v a_o general_n unless_o he_o be_v to_o file_v his_o army_n along_o a_o very_a narrow_a bridge_n or_o a_o very_a narrow_a way_n to_o marshal_v all_o his_o foot_n either_o in_o one_o rank_n or_o one_o file_n so_o i_o conceive_v the_o first_o reason_n be_v no_o reason_n at_o all_o a_o second_o reason_n be_v in_o time_n of_o action_n a_o enemy_n may_v charge_v the_o deep_a second_o reason_n for_o 16_o deep_a rear_n to_o rencontre_v who_o the_o dimaritâ—_n or_o middle-man_n be_v command_v with_o the_o half-file_n that_o follow_v they_o to_o face_n about_o but_o without_o countermarch_n and_o sustain_v the_o charge_n by_o the_o way_n observe_v that_o in_o such_o a_o occasion_n the_o bringer_n up_o or_o rear-man_n have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o half-file_n and_o consequent_o of_o the_o dimarite_n or_o middle-man_n himself_o to_o who_o aelian_a give_v it_o before_o but_o to_o the_o reason_n itself_o i_o give_v two_o answer_n first_o a_o reserve_v which_o aelian_o phalange_n admit_v not_o will_v prevent_v that_o danger_n second_o i_o say_v if_o they_o be_v but_o twelve_o in_o file_n nay_o but_o ten_o in_o file_n they_o may_v withstand_v answer_v answer_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o both_o van_n and_o rear_n as_o well_o as_o be_v sixteen_o deep_a which_o i_o make_v appear_v out_o of_o aelian_a himself_n thus_o the_o grecian_a pike_n be_v all_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o except_o the_o macedonian_n which_o be_v twenty_o one_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o long_a next_o aelian_a allow_v one_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a of_o distance_n between_o rank_n when_o they_o fight_v which_o distance_n he_o or_o his_o interpreter_n call_v constipatio_fw-la three_o the_o same_o author_n allow_v three_o foot_n of_o the_o pike_n length_n for_o his_o hand_n who_o present_v it_o these_o ground_n be_v lay_v which_o be_v the_o author_n own_o i_o say_v that_o only_o four_o rank_n of_o the_o grecian_a pike_n and_o five_o of_o the_o macedonian_a can_v do_v a_o enemy_n any_o hurt_n and_o but_o hardly_o so_o either_o because_o between_o five_o rank_n there_o be_v four_o distance_n and_o for_o those_o you_o be_v to_o allow_v six_o foot_n at_o aelian_o account_n of_o close_a distance_n next_o you_o be_v by_o his_o rule_n likewise_o to_o allow_v fifteen_o foot_n of_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o five_o rank_n to_o be_v abate_v from_o their_o length_n which_o fifteen_o be_v add_v to_o six_o make_v one_o and_o twenty_o for_o three_o foot_n of_o the_o pike_n length_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n be_v allow_v for_o their_o hand_n who_o hold_v they_o you_o must_v of_o necessity_n grant_v the_o like_a proportion_n for_o the_o rest_n and_o so_o the_o macedonian_a sarissa_n do_v not_o much_o advance_v its_o point_n from_o the_o five_o rank_n beyond_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o therefore_o the_o rest_n behind_o these_o five_o rank_n seem_v useless_a but_o a_o enemy_n attack_n the_o rear_n to_o oppose_v who_o let_v five_o rank_n face_n about_o and_o present_a for_o if_o five_o be_v sufficient_a to_o resist_v the_o shock_n in_o the_o van_n certain_o five_a may_v do_v the_o same_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o if_o you_o will_v consider_v it_o well_o you_o will_v think_v the_o point_n of_o the_o pike_n of_o five_o rank_n sufficient_a to_o give_v or_o receive_v a_o charge_n if_o all_o the_o file_n be_v fer_v together_o as_o the_o grecian_n be_v and_o as_o all_o shall_v be_v that_o no_o interval_n be_v give_v a_o enemy_n to_o enter_v between_o they_o if_o then_o ten_o rank_n be_v enough_o to_o resist_v a_o enemy_n in_o front_n and_o rear_n i_o presume_v the_o other_o six_o may_v have_v be_v dispose_v of_o two_o way_n first_o they_o may_v have_v be_v bestow_v on_o the_o front_n and_o so_o have_v extend_v it_o to_o a_o far_o great_a length_n which_o will_v have_v bring_v more_o hand_n to_o fight_v and_o not_o only_o save_v the_o phalange_n from_o be_v out-winged_a but_o have_v put_v it_o in_o a_o capacity_n to_o out-wing_n the_o enemy_n second_o these_o six_o rank_n may_v very_o advantageous_o have_v compose_v a_o body_n apart_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o that_o shall_v have_v be_v a_o reserve_n and_o then_o no_o danger_n of_o a_o enemy_n to_o have_v trouble_v the_o battle_n behind_o but_o i_o be_o afraid_a you_o may_v think_v i_o be_o make_v up_o a_o grecian_a militia_n of_o my_o own_o unknown_a to_o the_o famous_a warrior_n of_o that_o renown_a nation_n i_o shall_v tell_v you_o true_o and_o ingenuous_o my_o quarrel_n be_v only_o with_o aelian_a because_o he_o have_v not_o tell_v we_o so_o much_o as_o he_o know_v and_o so_o much_o as_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o tell_v we_o which_o in_o this_o particular_a be_v that_o i_o be_o now_o to_o tell_v you_o and_o it_o consist_v in_o two_o thing_n one_o that_o phalanges_fw-la be_v not_o always_o sixteen_o deep_a and_o second_o that_o they_o want_v not_o always_o reserve_v to_o prove_v both_o be_v please_v to_o take_v the_o follow_a instance_n at_o deâ—â—s_n when_o the_o athenian_n fight_v with_o the_o theban_n and_o other_o boeotian_o the_o phalanges_fw-la be_v all_o of_o they_o eight_o dâ—â—p_n and_o all_o deep_a phalanges_fw-la eight_o deep_a of_o they_o have_v reserve_v at_o leuctra_n epaminondas_n his_o foot_n batallion_n be_v all_o marshal_v in_o eight_o rank_n at_o siracusa_n when_o the_o athenian_a general_n niciaâ—_n be_v to_o fight_v he_o place_v his_o auxiliary_n in_o the_o two_o wing_n his_o athenian_n he_o divide_v into_o two_o great_a body_n the_o half_a whereof_o he_o marshal_v in_o the_o battle_n between_o the_o two_o wing_n the_o other_o half_o he_o place_v behind_o at_o a_o distance_n with_o reserve_v and_o have_v reserve_v command_n to_o succour_v either_o the_o wing_n or_o the_o battle_n as_o they_o see_v they_o or_o any_o of_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o their_o help_n and_o this_o be_v a_o perfect_a reserve_n and_o observe_v that_o his_o wing_n battle_n and_o reserve_n be_v all_o marshal_v eight_o deep_a take_v thucydides_n a_o noble_a historian_n and_o a_o good_a captain_n for_o my_o author_n but_o you_o will_v say_v these_o be_v not_o macedonian_a phalanges_fw-la true_a but_o they_o be_v grecian_a one_o tho_o and_o the_o commander_n of_o they_o without_o all_o peradventure_o do_v well_o enough_o foresee_v in_o what_o danger_n their_o phalanges_fw-la of_o eight_o deep_a might_n be_v by_o a_o sudden_a charge_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n which_o no_o question_n they_o will_v have_v oppose_v by_o make_v the_o last_o four_o rank_n face_n about_o if_o their_o reserve_v serve_v not_o their_o turn_n neither_o can_v the_o four_o rank_n extend_v its_o pike_n be_v three_o foot_n short_a than_o the_o macedonian_a one_o much_o beyond_o the_o first_o rank_n but_o to_o take_v the_o objection_n more_o full_o let_v we_o come_v near_o and_o view_v the_o great_a alexander_n army_n at_o arbela_n and_o we_o shall_v see_v he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o limit_v by_o aelian_o rule_n of_o a_o macedonian_a phalange_n though_o by_o it_o they_o say_v he_o conquer_v the_o persian_a monarchy_n sir_n walter_n raleigh_n say_v right_a that_o in_o this_o place_n alexander_n draw_v up_o his_o force_n so_o that_o they_o face_v to_o van_n rear_n and_o both_o flank_n but_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v so_o that_o he_o make_v his_o heavy_a arm_a phalange_n front_v four_o several_a way_n for_o than_o it_o shall_v have_v be_v immovable_a and_o only_o apt_a to_o resist_v but_o not_o to_o advance_v which_o have_v be_v both_o against_o the_o intention_n of_o that_o brave_a prince_n and_o his_o action_n of_o that_o day_n for_o he_o charge_v the_o persian_a batallion_n both_o with_o his_o horse_n and_o foot_n but_o the_o meaning_n must_v be_v that_o he_o order_v some_o horse_n and_o foot_n at_o a_o distance_n from_o his_o main_a battle_n to_o face_n to_o the_o rear_n for_o prevent_v any_o misfortune_n there_o and_o the_o like_a he_o do_v on_o both_o his_o flank_n but_o all_o these_o when_o his_o main_a battle_n move_v face_v to_o the_o van_n and_o advance_v with_o it_o and_o when_o it_o stand_v they_o take_v up_o their_o former_a distance_n and_o face_v as_o they_o be_v appoint_v and_o all_o this_o be_v do_v lest_o his_o army_n small_a in_o comparison_n of_o that_o with_o darius_n shall_v be_v surround_v if_o the_o army_n he_o be_v afraid_a to_o
be_v out-winged_a as_o assure_o he_o be_v it_o will_v easy_o be_v grant_v deep_a alexander_n at_o arbela_n but_o eight_o deep_a that_o the_o more_o ground_n he_o take_v up_o in_o front_n the_o less_o subject_n he_o be_v to_o that_o danger_n and_o this_o curtius_n confirm_v when_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o commander_n of_o the_o several_a body_n have_v order_n give_v they_o to_o extend_v their_o batallion_n as_o far_a in_o length_n as_o without_o eminent_a danger_n they_o may_v lest_o say_v the_o same_o author_n they_o shall_v be_v environ_v i_o conceive_v then_o it_o can_v be_v doubt_v but_o alexander_n study_v how_o to_o make_v as_o large_a a_o front_n as_o feasible_o he_o may_v against_o so_o numerous_a a_o enemy_n he_o make_v his_o heavy_a arm_a foot_n phalange_n but_o eight_o deep_a as_o that_o which_o suit_v best_a with_o his_o present_a affair_n and_o as_o he_o have_v see_v other_o grecian_a captain_n do_v before_o he_o for_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o twice_o as_o much_o ground_n as_o he_o have_v when_o it_o be_v marshal_v sixteen_o in_o file_n that_o he_o have_v reserve_v be_v most_o clear_a both_o from_o curtius_n and_o other_o for_o nicanor_n follow_v the_o phalange_n with_o the_o argyraspides_fw-la or_o silver_n shield_n and_o these_o be_v heavy_a arm_v observe_v it_o and_o cenos_n with_o a_o band_n of_o man_n which_o reserve_v and_o have_v reserve_v say_v curtius_n be_v appoint_v note_n this_o to_o be_v a_o relief_n then_o horestes_n lincerta_n polycarpon_n and_o philagus_n all_o with_o several_a body_n follow_v the_o phalanx_n and_o that_o all_o these_o be_v reserve_v aelian_a himself_n nor_o any_o for_o he_o will_v not_o be_v so_o impudent_a as_o to_o deny_v but_o i_o shall_v speak_v more_o of_o the_o marshal_n this_o army_n in_o the_o chapter_n follow_v the_o next_o i_o come_v now_o to_o the_o three_o reason_n which_o be_v pretend_v for_o sixteen_o deep_a of_o deep_a three_o reason_n for_o 16_o deep_a the_o heavy_a arm_a phalange_n and_o it_o be_v this_o though_o the_o pike_n of_o all_o those_o rank_n that_o stand_v behind_o the_o five_o or_o if_o you_o will_v the_o six_o be_v useless_a in_o regard_n they_o can_v reach_v but_o little_a or_o nothing_o beyond_o the_o file_n leader_n and_o you_o will_v remember_v these_o rank_n be_v not_o few_o than_o ten_o if_o not_o eleven_o yet_o be_v at_o close_a order_n with_o their_o pike_n advance_v they_o bear_v forward_o with_o the_o weight_n and_o force_n of_o their_o body_n those_o five_o or_o six_o rank_n that_o be_v before_o they_o and_o so_o make_v the_o impression_n the_o great_a and_o strong_a they_o take_v all_o occasion_n of_o flight_n from_o they_o and_o impose_v a_o necessity_n on_o they_o to_o overcome_v or_o die_v i_o answer_v first_o that_o this_o pretend_a advantage_n if_o it_o be_v any_o at_o all_o be_v very_o oft_o dear_o answer_v answer_v buy_v second_o i_o say_v five_o rank_n have_v their_o pike_n present_v to_o the_o enemy_n three_o rank_n behind_o they_o may_v have_v serve_v sufficient_o to_o bear_v forward_o the_o five_o before_o they_o or_o if_o aelian_a thought_n six_o rank_n may_v present_v all_o their_o pike_n with_o advantage_n then_o let_v four_o rank_n be_v allow_v behind_o they_o to_o bear_v they_o forward_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o hinder_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o this_o will_v make_v in_o all_o but_o ten_o rank_n and_o so_o still_o six_o rank_n may_v have_v be_v dispose_v of_o either_o to_o enlarge_v the_o front_n or_o make_v a_o body_n in_o the_o rear_n for_o a_o reserve_n and_o three_o i_o say_v when_o aelian_n six_o foremost_a rank_n be_v busy_a in_o fight_n the_o ten_o behind_o they_o who_o be_v to_o bear_v those_o six_o forward_a be_v at_o their_o close_a distance_n which_o he_o call_v constipation_n and_o so_o not_o able_a to_o open_v very_o sudden_o and_o face_n about_o in_o so_o good_a order_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o be_v requisite_a to_o receive_v or_o beat_v back_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o unexpected_a enemy_n for_o certain_o they_o must_v first_o have_v open_v backward_o and_o then_o face_v about_o both_o which_o must_v have_v be_v do_v by_o the_o command_n of_o some_o of_o their_o officer_n probable_o the_o lieutenant_n and_o it_o be_v well_o enough_o know_v how_o confusion_n and_o disorder_n which_o seldom_o fail_v to_o attend_v such_o occasion_n stop_v the_o ear_n and_o dull_v the_o judgement_n of_o soldier_n that_o they_o can_v neither_o hear_v nor_o understand_v the_o word_n of_o command_n aright_o i_o will_v fetch_v two_o instance_n from_o history_n and_o those_o i_o believe_v will_v prove_v all_o i_o have_v say_v and_o clear_v this_o whole_a matter_n pretty_a well_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o cynocephalae_n or_o dog_n head_n fight_v by_o philip_n the_o last_o king_n cinocephalae_n battle_n of_o cinocephalae_n of_o macedon_n except_o one_o against_o titus_n flaminius_n a_o roman_a consul_n the_o half_a of_o philip_n heavy_a arm_v phalange_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n bear_v down_o all_o before_o it_o and_o tread_v over_o the_o legion_n gain_v ground_n so_o far_o that_o the_o macedonian_a thought_n the_o day_n his_o own_o but_o flaminius_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o phalange_n can_v not_o draw_v up_o in_o any_o close_a order_n because_o of_o the_o unevenness_n and_o knottiness_n of_o the_o mountain_n who_o little_a hillock_n represent_v the_o head_n of_o dog_n send_v a_o tribune_n with_o a_o legion_n and_o some_o elephant_n up_o the_o hill_n to_o charge_v that_o left_a wing_n which_o he_o smart_o do_v easy_o rout_v it_o and_o immediate_o fall_v on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o victorious_a right_a wing_n and_o without_o opposition_n cut_v it_o in_o piece_n now_o if_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o phalange_n which_o have_v no_o convenient_a ground_n whereon_o to_o draw_v up_o have_v place_v itself_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n at_o a_o distance_n behind_o the_o right_a wing_n as_o a_o reserve_v the_o roman_n dare_v never_o have_v hazard_v to_o have_v come_v between_o they_o or_o if_o the_o last_o ten_o rank_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n who_o serve_v for_o nothing_o but_o to_o bear_v forward_o the_o other_o six_o rank_n have_v face_v about_o according_a to_o aelian_o rule_n they_o can_v not_o so_o easy_o have_v be_v break_v but_o the_o close_a posture_n or_o constipation_n of_o these_o last_o ten_o rank_n to_o bear_v forward_o the_o foremost_a six_o rank_n make_v they_o uncapable_a to_o do_v that_o quick_o which_o the_o present_a necessity_n require_v or_o else_o the_o sudden_a charge_n of_o a_o unlooked_a for_o enemy_n do_v so_o appal_v they_o that_o they_o know_v not_o what_o they_o be_v do_v nor_o who_o command_v or_o who_o obey_v which_o as_o i_o have_v say_v frequent_o fall_v out_o in_o such_o case_n so_o this_o phalanx_n cast_v in_o aelian_n macedonian_a mould_n cost_v king_n philip_n very_o dear_a but_o another_o model_v after_o the_o same_o fashion_n cost_v his_o son_n perseus_n much_o dear_a at_o pidna_n a_o town_n of_o macedon_n king_n perseus_n fight_v with_o lucius_n aemilius_n pidna_n battei_n of_o pidna_n a_o roman_a consul_n and_o the_o ground_n for_o his_o phalange_n be_v as_o good_a as_o his_o own_o heart_n can_v wish_v the_o roman_a legion_n be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v its_o furious_a charge_n but_o give_v ground_n in_o several_a place_n insomuch_o that_o the_o consul_n see_v fortune_n look_v with_o so_o grim_a a_o countenance_n upon_o he_o begin_v to_o despair_v of_o the_o victory_n and_o to_o tear_v his_o coat_n of_o arm_n but_o be_v of_o a_o ready_a judgement_n he_o quick_o espy_v his_o advantage_n for_o he_o see_v the_o phalange_n open_v its_o constipation_n some_o small_a body_n of_o it_o pursue_v those_o who_o give_v ground_n and_o other_o fight_v loose_o with_o those_o of_o his_o roman_n who_o make_v stout_a opposition_n and_o therefore_o order_v some_o of_o his_o legionary_n to_o fall_v into_o those_o void_a and_o empty_a place_n of_o the_o several_a phalangarchy_n and_o these_o get_a entrance_n at_o those_o interval_n come_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o the_o macedonian_a pike-man_n and_o so_o without_o much_o trouble_n make_v most_o of_o they_o die_v on_o the_o place_n if_o but_o a_o three_o nay_o a_o four_o or_o five_o part_n of_o this_o phalange_n have_v be_v stand_v at_o a_o convenient_a distance_n in_o reserve_n ready_a to_o have_v charge_v the_o weary_a and_o disorder_a legion_n will_v any_o man_n doubt_v but_o that_o in_o all_o humane_a probability_n perseus_n have_v be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n but_o the_o want_n of_o that_o lose_v he_o in_o the_o twinkle_n of_o a_o eye_n his_o wife_n and_o child_n his_o kingdom_n his_o riches_n which_o he_o love_v too_o well_o his_o honour_n and_o at_o last_o his_o life_n the_o defect_n then_o of_o
this_o because_o he_o be_v support_v by_o one_o who_o by_o his_o other_o writing_n have_v make_v himself_o well_o enough_o know_v and_o that_o be_v nicâ—l_a machiavelli_n who_o in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o art_n of_o war_n very_o magisterial_o tell_v assertion_n machiavelli_n his_o assertion_n we_o that_o the_o ally_n foot_v never_o exceed_v that_o of_o the_o roman_n but_o their_o horse_n be_v some_o more_o i_o have_v speak_v to_o both_o these_o in_o the_o last_o chapter_n but_o he_o add_v that_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o great_a necessity_n never_o use_v more_o than_o two_o consular_a army_n and_o that_o each_o of_o they_o consist_v of_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o combatant_n i_o hope_v the_o instance_n i_o have_v use_v against_o vegetius_n in_o this_o same_o cause_n may_v serve_v sufficient_o to_o confute_v machiavelli_n but_o here_o i_o must_v observe_v the_o florentine_n presumption_n in_o the_o model_a his_o roman_a consular_a army_n first_o he_o make_v every_o legion_n to_o consist_v of_o five_o thousand_o five_o hundred_o foot_n a_o thing_n we_o never_o hear_v from_o any_o other_o author_n nor_o he_o from_o vegetius_n who_o be_v constant_o for_o six_o thousand_o one_o hundred_o foot_n next_o he_o make_v the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o ally_n to_o be_v seven_o hundred_o for_o every_o legion_n contrary_a to_o most_o author_n who_o make_v they_o but_o six_o but_o we_o shall_v let_v that_o pass_v with_o he_o that_o thereby_o he_o may_v make_v up_o his_o consular_a army_n of_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o man_n thus_o two_o confute_v confute_v roman_a legion_n eleven_o thousand_o foot_n ally_n foot_n as_o many_o these_o amount_v to_o twenty_o two_o thousand_o then_o six_o hundred_o roman_a horse_n and_o fourteen_o hundred_o of_o the_o ally_n be_v two_o thousand_o horse_n in_o all_o twenty_o four_o thousand_o let_v this_o i_o say_v be_v give_v but_o not_o grant_v he_o why_o conclude_v he_o positive_o that_o two_o consular_a army_n consist_v of_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_a man_n where_o do_v the_o secretary_n of_o florence_n learn_v this_o arithmetic_n to_o make_v fifty_o the_o aggregate_v of_o twice_o twenty_o four_o yet_o if_o he_o be_v not_o guilty_a of_o more_o dangerous_a error_n we_o may_v pardon_v he_o this_o but_o to_o return_v to_o vegetius_n he_o give_v i_o too_o oft_o just_a occasion_n to_o think_v that_o lipsius_n wrong_v he_o not_o much_o when_o he_o say_v of_o he_o that_o he_o be_v veterum_fw-la rerum_fw-la parum_fw-la firmiter_fw-la sciens_fw-la not_o thorough_o acquaint_v with_o ancient_a matter_n chap._n xvii_o of_o a_o consular_a army_n marshal_v in_o the_o field_n and_o of_o some_o general_a officer_n belong_v to_o it_o in_o so_o important_a a_o affair_n upon_o the_o right_n or_o wrong_n manage_n of_o which_o depend_v the_o conservation_n or_o ruin_n not_o only_o of_o the_o roman_a army_n but_o of_o the_o state_n polybius_n afford_v we_o no_o more_o light_n than_o what_o he_o have_v do_v in_o marshal_v the_o legionary_a foot_n and_o if_o he_o be_v right_a in_o that_o we_o be_v to_o look_v for_o little_a or_o no_o help_n from_o vegetius_n who_o order_v of_o a_o legion_n we_o have_v reject_v only_o we_o admit_v what_o he_o say_v in_o the_o fifteen_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n though_o thereby_o he_o contradict_v himself_o that_o equites_fw-la locantur_fw-la in_o cornibus_fw-la the_o horse_n be_v place_v in_o the_o wing_n but_o have_v in_o the_o several_a foregoing_a chapter_n show_v you_o how_o as_o far_o as_o any_o author_n have_v give_v we_o light_a the_o foot_n be_v marshal_v of_o what_o number_n both_o they_o and_o the_o horse_n be_v and_o how_o they_o be_v draw_v up_o of_o what_o number_n the_o ally_n be_v and_o how_o they_o be_v divide_v i_o suppose_v our_o business_n now_o be_v how_o to_o join_v they_o in_o one_o body_n or_o army_n and_o when_o it_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n to_o observe_v what_o custom_n be_v use_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o ancient_n though_o as_o either_o occasion_n offer_v emergency_n require_v or_o necessity_n force_v the_o roman_a captain_n use_v several_a figure_n and_o form_n of_o battle_n yet_o that_o which_o be_v most_o ordinary_a and_o most_o use_v be_v the_o quadrate_n or_o square_n but_o i_o do_v not_o at_o all_o mean_a a_o equilateral_a one_o as_o terduzzi_n will_v glad_o have_v it_o to_o be_v to_o which_o purpose_n he_o put_v himself_o to_o more_o trouble_n than_o he_o need_v and_o in_o do_v so_o he_o show_v nice_a terduzzi_n over_o nice_a himself_o more_o an_o engineer_n as_o i_o believe_v he_o be_v to_o basta_n the_o emperor_n rodolph_n the_o second_v captain_n general_n in_o transilvania_n than_o a_o marshal_n of_o a_o field_n needs_o to_o be_v but_o i_o mean_v such_o a_o quadrate_n or_o square_n as_o the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n imagine_v that_o either_o the_o ground_n the_o posture_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o his_o own_o design_n do_v or_o may_v prompt_v he_o to_o make_v but_o in_o regard_n we_o can_v say_v but_o little_a to_o marshal_n till_o we_o condescend_v of_o what_o and_o how_o many_o member_n ordinary_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v compose_v and_o though_o the_o number_n of_o both_o roman_a and_o ally_n legion_n vary_v oft_o yet_o because_o for_o most_o part_n the_o legion_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o the_o horse_n be_v three_o hundred_o and_o that_o ordinary_o two_o legion_n and_o six_o hundred_o horse_n be_v send_v to_o the_o field_n with_o a_o consul_n and_o that_o also_o for_o most_o part_n the_o foot_n of_o the_o ally_n be_v equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n and_o almost_o constant_o they_o be_v double_a their_o number_n in_o horse_n let_v we_o follow_v polybius_n and_o say_v the_o consular_a army_n consist_v of_o sixteen_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o foot_n and_o eighteen_o hundred_o horse_n in_o all_o eighteen_o thousand_o six_o hundred_o neither_o do_v i_o think_v i_o can_v tell_v you_o better_o how_o a_o roman_a army_n be_v marshal_v when_o it_o be_v to_o fight_v than_o to_o inform_v you_o how_o scipio_n the_o great_a or_o the_o african_a scipio_n roman_a army_n marshal_v by_o scipio_n draw_v up_o his_o army_n when_o he_o be_v to_o fight_v against_o syphax_n and_o asdrubal_n and_o that_o out_o of_o the_o fourteen_o book_n of_o polybius_n there_o the_o historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o roman_a consul_n draw_v up_o his_o foot_n in_o the_o body_n or_o battle_n first_o his_o hastati_fw-la next_o his_o principes_fw-la and_o three_o his_o triarii_n on_o the_o right_a wing_n be_v his_o roman_a horse_n and_o on_o the_o leave_v his_o numidian_n and_o here_o our_o author_n in_o one_o word_n and_o once_o for_o all_o tell_v we_o that_o it_o be_v the_o constant_a custom_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o marshal_v their_o army_n in_o that_o fashion_n his_o word_n be_v et_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la romanae_fw-la militiae_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la servavit_fw-la and_o when_o the_o same_o scipio_n fight_v against_o his_o redoubt_a enemy_n hannibal_n he_o do_v the_o very_a like_a only_o with_o this_o alteration_n that_o he_o command_v his_o legate_n lâ—lius_n to_o command_v the_o roman_a cavalry_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n and_o set_v king_n masanissa_n with_o his_o numidian_a horse_n on_o the_o right_n this_o one_o example_n may_v teach_v we_o how_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v ordinary_o embattele_v but_o here_o be_v no_o word_n of_o the_o ally_n i_o suppose_v if_o scipio_n have_v any_o as_o likely_a he_o have_v their_o horse_n be_v join_v with_o the_o roman_a horse_n in_o one_o of_o the_o wing_n in_o both_o those_o battle_n since_o the_o other_o wing_n at_o both_o time_n be_v give_v to_o the_o auxiliary_a numidian_n but_o where_o a_o army_n be_v pure_o compose_v of_o roman_n and_o ally_n they_o field_n army_n of_o roman_n and_o ally_n marshal_v together_o in_o the_o field_n be_v marshal_v as_o we_o may_v gather_v out_o of_o polybius_n his_o six_o book_n and_o other_o author_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o roman_a six_o hundred_o horse_n be_v place_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n upon_o their_o left-hand_a the_o first_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n foot_n consist_v of_o three_o thousand_o four_o hundred_o for_o eight_o hundred_o of_o it_o be_v take_v out_o for_o extraordinary_n upon_o the_o left-hand_a of_o the_o ally_n first_o legion_n stand_v the_o first_o roman_a legion_n and_o next_o it_o the_o second_o and_o upon_o the_o left-hand_a of_o it_o be_v marshal_v the_o second_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n and_o upon_o the_o left-wing_n stand_v the_o confederate_n cavalry_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o hundred_o for_o four_o hundred_o of_o their_o twelve_o hundred_o be_v cull_v out_o for_o extraordinary_n now_o those_o eight_o hundred_o horse_n of_o the_o ally_n be_v divide_v into_o twenty_o turme_n or_o troop_n as_o the_o roman_a six_o hundred_o horse_n be_v
shrill_a and_o continue_v without_o interruption_n it_o be_v interpret_v to_o be_v a_o certain_a sign_n of_o victory_n but_o if_o it_o be_v dead_a cold_a and_o unequal_a often_o begin_v and_o often_o interrupt_v it_o bewray_v fear_n and_o discouragement_n and_o portend_v ruin_n and_o destruction_n it_o be_v use_v by_o all_o nation_n as_o well_o as_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o word_n baritus_n whereby_o historian_n express_v it_o be_v borrow_v from_o the_o ancient_a german_n who_o cry_n they_o say_v sound_v like_o the_o pronunciation_n of_o that_o word_n they_o cry_v no_o more_o after_o they_o come_v to_o the_o medley_n else_o it_o will_v have_v hinder_v they_o from_o hear_v the_o command_n of_o their_o officer_n either_o by_o word_n of_o mouth_n or_o the_o trumpet_n though_o the_o loud_a noise_n of_o cannon_n and_o musket_n in_o our_o modern_a war_n may_v seem_v reason_n enough_o to_o suppress_v this_o ancient_a custom_n of_o shout_v yet_o it_o neither_o aught_o to_o be_v nor_o yet_o be_v it_o banish_v out_o of_o our_o army_n the_o german_n french_a dane_n and_o swede_n in_o their_o advance_n and_o before_o they_o give_v fire_n have_v their_o ca_fw-mi ca_fw-mi oâ—_n and_o no_o doubt_n with_o a_o advance_n a_o stroâ—t_a heat_n and_o inflame_v the_o blood_n and_o help_v to_o encourage_v the_o late_a usurper_n and_o his_o army_n make_v but_o too_o good_a use_n of_o it_o these_o thing_n be_v previous_a to_o a_o battle_n first_o the_o purple_a coat_n of_o arm_n at_o the_o consul_n pavilion_n second_o the_o exhortation_n or_o harangue_n three_o the_o marshal_n the_o army_n four_o the_o word_n or_o teâ—â—â—â—a_n five_o the_o classiâ—â—â—_n and_o last_o this_o shout_n or_o baritus_n of_o the_o first_o five_o that_o be_v ordinary_o practise_v caesar_n speak_v in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o gallic_a war_n as_o necessary_a for_o when_o he_o be_v almost_o surprise_v by_o the_o nervian_o he_o write_v thus_o caesar_n say_v he_o of_o himself_o have_v all_o thing_n to_o do_v at_o once_o the_o standard_n to_o be_v set_v up_o that_o be_v the_o scarlet_a coat_n his_o army_n to_o marshal_v his_o soldier_n to_o exhort_v to_o cause_v the_o sign_n to_o be_v give_v by_o the_o trumpet_n and_o to_o give_v the_o sign_n this_o last_o sign_n signify_v the_o tessera_fw-la otherwise_o the_o word_n have_v be_v superfluous_a of_o which_o that_o great_a man_n can_v be_v tax_v as_o to_o this_o last_o sign_n which_o be_v the_o word_n the_o ancient_n find_v that_o same_o difficulty_n with_o which_o all_o army_n be_v still_o trouble_v and_o that_o be_v that_o by_o the_o often_o require_v and_o give_v it_o the_o enemy_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o and_o then_o it_o be_v useless_a lipsâ—â—â—_n tell_v we_o that_o he_o read_v in_o pâ—liâ—â—nus_n that_o one_o aâ—ues_v a_o arcadian_a story_n a_o pretty_a story_n captain_n be_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o lacedæmonians_n in_o the_o night_n time_n or_o as_o we_o now_o call_v it_o to_o beat_v up_o their_o quarter_n instead_o of_o a_o word_n he_o command_v his_o army_n to_o require_v no_o word_n at_o all_o but_o to_o use_v all_o those_o who_o seek_v a_o word_n as_o enemy_n so_o that_o the_o demand_v the_o tessora_n bewray_v the_o demander_n to_o be_v a_o lacedaemonian_a who_o at_o that_o time_n receive_v a_o notable_a overthrow_n the_o roman_a consul_n when_o battle_n classicum_fw-la a_o sign_n of_o battle_n he_o be_v to_o fall_v on_o cause_v the_o classicum_fw-la to_o sound_n which_o be_v second_v by_o the_o near_a and_o immediate_o by_o all_o the_o trumpet_n horn_n and_o horn-pipe_n of_o the_o army_n and_o now_o the_o battle_n begin_v concern_v which_o a_o old_a question_n be_v not_o yet_o perhaps_o decide_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o give_v or_o receive_v the_o charge_n the_o charge_n a_o question_n whether_o to_o give_v or_o receive_v the_o charge_n roman_a dictator_n cossus_n as_o levy_n have_v it_o in_o his_o six_o book_n be_v to_o join_v battle_n with_o a_o powerful_a army_n of_o the_o volscian_n command_v all_o his_o foot_n to_o stand_v still_o and_o fix_v their_o javelines_n in_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_n which_o be_v violent_a put_v they_o out_o of_o breath_n and_o then_o the_o legionary_n close_v with_o they_o and_o rout_v they_o great_a pompey_n give_v the_o like_a order_n at_o pharsalia_n but_o not_o with_o the_o like_a success_n for_o he_o be_v total_o beat_v but_o machiavelli_n with_o opinion_n machiavelli_n opinion_n his_o accustom_a confidence_n to_o give_v it_o no_o worse_o name_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o art_n of_o war_n take_v upon_o he_o to_o give_v the_o definitive_a sentence_n and_o award_v the_o victory_n to_o he_o who_o receive_v the_o charge_n and_o say_v also_o that_o most_o captain_n choose_v rather_o to_o receive_v than_o give_v it_o yet_o he_o instance_n only_o one_o of_o the_o fabii_n who_o by_o receive_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o sanonite_n and_o gaul_n be_v victorious_a but_o we_o must_v listen_v to_o a_o great_a captain_n than_o any_o he_o have_v name_v and_o himself_o to_o boot_v and_o that_o be_v julius_n caesar_n who_o by_o give_v the_o charge_n in_o the_o thessalian_a plain_n gain_v the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o blame_v pompey_n for_o follow_v the_o bad_a advice_n of_o triarius_n to_o wait_v till_o caesar_n charge_v he_o his_o word_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o void_a this_o difference_n you_o have_v in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o his_o civil_a war_n which_o be_v these_o in_o english_a but_o on_o the_o contrary_a say_v he_o i_o think_v this_o be_v do_v it_o caesar_n judgement_n of_o it_o by_o pompey_n without_o any_o show_n of_o reason_n mean_v his_o keep_n his_o soldier_n from_o advance_v to_o the_o charge_n because_o there_o be_v say_v he_o i_o know_v not_o what_o gallant_n vigour_n and_o natural_a inclination_n to_o courage_n bear_v in_o all_o man_n which_o captain_n ought_v rather_o to_o cherish_v stir_v up_o and_o augment_v than_o any_o way_n mollify_v or_o restrain_v thus_o far_o great_a caesar_n but_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n if_o a_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o a_o advantageous_a ground_n suppose_v a_o hill_n or_o fence_v with_o marish_a river_n advantage_n to_o keep_v advantage_n or_o rock_n the_o quit_n of_o which_o may_v prove_v prejudicial_a as_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o advantage_n especial_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n do_v it_o alter_v clear_o the_o case_n and_o those_o who_o have_v do_v it_o either_o in_o ancient_n or_o modern_a war_n to_o the_o irrecoverable_a loss_n of_o their_o master_n have_v much_o mistake_v caesar_n who_o never_o practise_v it_o and_o assure_o those_o who_o do_v it_o have_v need_n of_o good_a fortune_n otherwise_o they_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o be_v brand_v in_o true_a history_n with_o either_o perfidy_n or_o inexcusable_a folly_n and_o even_o in_o romance_n with_o too_o much_o generosity_n in_o the_o time_n of_o battle_n all_o both_o commander_n and_o soldier_n do_v their_o duty_n by_o punctual_o obey_v the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n though_o to_o the_o certain_a and_o inevitable_a loss_n of_o their_o life_n if_o not_o they_o be_v sure_a to_o incur_v those_o punishment_n whereof_o i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o nor_o be_v they_o oblige_v to_o obey_v the_o command_n give_v they_o before_o the_o battle_n only_o but_o all_o those_o order_n and_o sign_n that_o be_v give_v they_o in_o the_o time_n of_o battle_n these_o vegetius_n in_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o three_o book_n call_v sign_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o three_o battle_n sign_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n sort_n vocal_a semi-vocal_a and_o dumb._n the_o vocal_a be_v the_o verbal_a command_n of_o the_o officer_n especial_o the_o consul_n and_o tribune_n the_o semi-vocal_a be_v the_o several_a sound_n of_o classicum_n trumpet_n and_o horn_n as_o march_z charge_v retire_v the_o dumb_a sign_n be_v the_o ensign_n standard_n and_o eagle_n as_o also_o the_o elevation_n of_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o colour_n or_o a_o lance_n or_o the_o shake_n of_o a_o spear_n by_o a_o consul_n or_o general_n but_o these_o be_v agree_v on_o before_o the_o fight_n begin_v and_o be_v either_o give_v to_o the_o whole_a army_n or_o but_o to_o a_o part_n of_o it_o as_o when_o you_o see_v such_o a_o thing_n do_v than_o you_o be_v to_o do_v so_o and_o so_o these_o dumb_a sign_n will_v not_o do_v much_o good_a in_o our_o battle_n where_o the_o smoke_n of_o powder_n will_v render_v many_o of_o they_o imperceptible_a and_o now_o the_o battle_n be_v end_v and_o the_o roman_n be_v either_o victorious_a or_o have_v lose_v the_o day_n if_o the_o first_o they_o be_v to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n to_o his_o camp_n victory_n to_o pursue_v a_o victory_n or_o clear_o out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o not_o only_o so_o but_o to_o follow_v he_o
so_o close_o that_o he_o may_v have_v no_o time_n to_o rally_v and_o to_o force_v he_o out_o of_o his_o strong_a hold_n before_o he_o recover_v breath_n to_o gather_v strength_n but_o we_o shall_v find_v not_o only_a hannibal_n defective_a in_o this_o so_o important_a a_o duty_n of_o a_o great_a captain_n but_o many_o of_o the_o roman_n themselves_o even_o against_o this_o carthaginian_a arch-enemy_n of_o they_o livy_n inform_v we_o in_o his_o twenty_o seven_o book_n that_o at_o canusiâ—m_n marcellus_n beat_v roman_n not_o always_o practise_v by_o the_o roman_n he_o hannibal_n get_v to_o his_o camp_n and_o in_o the_o night_n time_n march_v out_o of_o it_o marcellus_z not_z pursuing_z he_o get_v work_n enough_o to_o do_v with_o he_o afterward_o the_o same_o author_n tell_v we_o in_o his_o twenty_o nine_o book_n that_o the_o consul_n sempronius_n and_o proconsul_n licinius_n fight_v with_o the_o same_o hannibal_n in_o the_o brâ—tian_a country_n and_o defeat_v he_o but_o they_o not_o pursue_v he_o get_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n safe_o to_o croton_n next_o day_n in_o his_o thirty_o first_o book_n he_o say_v philip_n of_o macedon_n be_v worsted_n by_o the_o roman_n in_o two_o horse_n fight_v but_o not_o be_v pursue_v by_o the_o consul_n and_o leave_v great_a fire_n in_o the_o camp_n he_o escape_v to_o the_o mountain_n caesar_n defy_v all_o his_o enemy_n to_o challenge_v or_o charge_v he_o with_o this_o oversight_n for_o he_o never_o caesar_n never_o omit_v by_o caesar_n beat_v one_o of_o they_o in_o the_o field_n which_o he_o do_v very_o often_o but_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v master_n of_o his_o camp_n before_o he_o sleep_v but_o you_o may_v read_v all_o along_o in_o livy_n when_o the_o roman_a state_n be_v but_o beginning_n to_o grow_v that_o when_o their_o dictator_n or_o consul_n have_v beat_v any_o of_o their_o neighbour_n tuscan_n veians_n volscian_n samnite_n or_o latin_n for_o most_o part_n they_o make_v no_o more_o ado_n but_o march_v back_o to_o the_o city_n which_o i_o suppose_v the_o ambition_n of_o a_o triumph_n frequent_o lead_v they_o to_o but_o if_o these_o very_a often_o victorious_a roman_n receive_v the_o foil_n as_o sometime_o they_o do_v they_o do_v even_o that_o which_o many_o more_o ancient_a people_n do_v before_o they_o and_o many_o young_a have_v do_v since_o and_o that_o be_v they_o either_o flee_v or_o retire_v if_o they_o flee_v downright_a without_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o camp_n either_o their_o speed_n carry_v they_o away_o or_o they_o save_v their_o life_n by_o submit_v to_o such_o condition_n as_o themselves_o often_o impose_v upon_o those_o who_o by_o the_o chance_n of_o war_n come_v to_o be_v their_o captive_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v speak_v in_o my_o discourse_n of_o prisoner_n of_o what_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n fly_v or_o retire_v to_o a_o camp_n be_v camp_n of_o a_o retreat_n to_o a_o camp_n shall_v be_v touch_v when_o i_o come_v to_o view_v lipsius_n his_o comparison_n of_o the_o ancient_n and_o modern_a militia_n in_o this_o place_n i_o shall_v only_o say_v that_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o always_o leave_v their_o camp_n fortify_v and_o man_v when_o they_o go_v out_o to_o battle_n at_o ciminia_n the_o consul_n fabius_n make_v his_o baggage-man_n demolish_v the_o fortification_n of_o his_o camp_n and_o fill_v up_o the_o ditch_n while_o he_o put_v his_o army_n in_o battle_n array_n in_o which_o he_o issue_v out_o fight_v the_o enemy_n and_o beat_v he_o as_o you_o have_v it_o in_o livy_n nine_o book_n and_o it_o be_v in_o that_o same_o book_n where_o he_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o dictator_n q._n fabius_n order_v c._n fabius'_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o samnite_n with_o his_o new_a levy_a army_n while_o the_o dictator_n himself_o at_o another_o quarter_n sally_v out_o of_o his_o camp_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o do_v not_o only_o not_o leave_v any_o to_o defend_v the_o camp_n but_o order_v likewise_o all_o his_o tent_n and_o baggage_n to_o be_v burn_v that_o by_o take_v away_o all_o hope_n of_o a_o retreat_n he_o may_v force_v his_o soldier_n to_o fight_v courageous_o both_o for_o the_o safety_n of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o good_n or_o the_o equivalence_n of_o they_o by_o the_o plunder_v of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n all_o which_o come_v to_o pass_v the_o salutem_fw-la â—â—â—salus_fw-la victis_fw-la nullam_fw-la sperare_fw-la salutem_fw-la like_a of_o this_o action_n of_o the_o roman_a dictator_n history_n tell_v we_o have_v be_v practise_v by_o other_o particular_o by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n when_o he_o invade_v england_n who_o after_o his_o land_n cause_v they_o to_o burn_v all_o his_o ship_n which_o be_v not_o so_o few_o as_o eight_o hundred_o chap._n xx._n of_o the_o march_n of_o a_o consular_a army_n suppose_v that_o which_o very_o often_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o roman_n gain_v the_o victory_n in_o their_o last_o battle_n and_o have_v again_o nestle_v themselves_o in_o their_o camp_n let_v we_o see_v in_o what_o order_n they_o march_v out_o of_o it_o either_o to_o pursue_v a_o old_a enemy_n or_o to_o find_v out_o a_o new_a one_o in_o this_o point_n of_o the_o roman_a militia_n lipsius_n put_v himself_o officious_a liâ—sius_n officious_a to_o some_o needless_a trouble_n to_o comment_n on_o polybius_n for_o i_o think_v he_o be_v so_o clear_a in_o it_o that_o lisius_n do_v he_o dis-service_n in_o offer_v he_o his_o help_n where_o he_o need_v it_o not_o at_o all_o i_o shall_v therefore_o tell_v you_o how_o polybius_n order_v the_o march_n of_o a_o consular_a army_n without_o stay_v for_o lipsius_n his_o tedious_a explication_n at_o the_o first_o sound_n of_o the_o trumpet_n and_o horn_n every_o man_n gather_v his_o march._n preparation_n to_o a_o march._n baggage_n burden_n and_o fardel_n together_o and_o have_v they_o ready_a to_o truss_v up_o if_o they_o be_v officer_n on_o their_o pack_n and_o sumpter_n horse_n if_o common_a soldier_n on_o their_o own_o back_n at_o the_o second_o sound_n they_o load_v either_o themselves_o or_o their_o beast_n and_o at_o the_o three_o sound_n they_o march_v now_o though_o polybius_n mention_n it_o not_o nor_o lipsius_n who_o will_v comment_v on_o he_o yet_o we_o be_v to_o believe_v that_o all_o consul_n be_v so_o discreet_a that_o they_o make_v no_o great_a interval_n of_o time_n between_o the_o second_o and_o three_o sound_n because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v very_o please_v to_o either_o man_n or_o beast_n stand_v under_o heavy_a burden_n to_o lose_v any_o of_o that_o time_n which_o they_o may_v have_v save_v in_o make_v their_o journey_n after_o the_o three_o sound_n they_o march_v in_o this_o order_n first_o march_v the_o extraordinary_n march._n order_n of_o the_o roman_a march._n of_o the_o ally_n as_o be_v near_a the_o consul_n pavilion_n and_o near_o to_o the_o praetorian_a port._n these_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o first_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n and_o after_o it_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o extraordinary_n and_o of_o that_o first_o legion_n in_o the_o three_o place_n march_v the_o first_o legion_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o its_o baggage_n after_o it_o four_o the_o second_o roman_a legion_n follow_v by_o both_o its_o baggage_n and_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o second_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n which_o in_o the_o five_o place_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o second_o legion_n of_o the_o ally_n that_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o infantry_n the_o place_n where_o the_o cavalry_n be_v to_o march_v be_v uncertain_a sometime_o both_o extraordinary_a and_o ordinary_a horse_n march_v all_o in_o the_o van_n sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n sometime_o on_o both_o the_o flank_n without_o the_o baggage_n according_a as_o the_o general_n resolve_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o take_v up_o his_o measure_n by_o the_o nearness_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o either_o van_n rear_n or_o flank_n and_o sometime_o the_o cavalry_n march_v divide_v into_o van_n and_o rear_n polybius_n show_v we_o also_o that_o if_o there_o be_v ground_n enough_o and_o great_a suspicion_n of_o a_o enemy_n than_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la of_o every_o legion_n be_v send_v before_o they_o which_o they_o follow_v themselves_o after_o they_o come_v the_o baggage_n of_o the_o principas_fw-la and_o then_o themselves_o follow_v in_o the_o three_o place_n by_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o triarii_n which_o themselves_o follow_v if_o a_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o van_n the_o baggage_n of_o the_o hastati_fw-la be_v immediate_o turn_v to_o a_o side_n and_o the_o place_n where_o it_o have_v be_v be_v possess_v by_o the_o hastati_fw-la themselves_z the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o the_o principes_fw-la and_o triarii_fw-la and_o we_o may_v suppose_v that_o if_o a_o enemy_n appear_v in_o the_o rear_n the_o baggage_n of_o the_o triarii_n be_v turn_v aside_o and_o its_o place_n possess_v
give_v condition_n and_o article_n which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o the_o twenty_o six_o chapter_n of_o the_o modern_a art_n of_o war._n i_o know_v not_o whether_o amilcar_n hannibal_n father_n deal_v candid_o when_o he_o treat_v and_o capitulate_v with_o spendius_n and_o antaritus_n the_o ringleader_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a tax_v amilcar_n tax_v revolt_a mercenary_n and_o make_v it_o a_o article_n that_o it_o shall_v be_v in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n to_o choose_v any_o ten_o of_o the_o rebel_n they_o please_v and_o to_o dispose_v of_o they_o as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o when_o this_o be_v agree_v to_o he_o immediate_o seize_v on_o they_o two_o as_o two_o of_o these_o ten_o sure_o if_o they_o have_v think_v they_o have_v be_v in_o that_o danger_n they_o have_v never_o sign_v a_o paper_n tend_v so_o direct_o to_o their_o own_o destruction_n and_o therefore_o that_o article_n be_v sign_v against_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o capitulator_n and_o so_o perhaps_o be_v void_a in_o law_n amilcar_n make_v also_o choice_a of_o the_o ten_o himself_o and_o not_o the_o senate_n which_o be_v against_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o capitulation_n the_o athenian_a general_n paches_n have_v besiege_v notium_n and_o invite_v villainy_n a_o execrable_a villainy_n hippias_n who_o be_v commander_n in_o chief_a within_o the_o town_n to_o come_v out_o and_o speak_v with_o he_o promise_v faithful_o if_o they_o do_v not_o agree_v at_o the_o treaty_n to_o send_v he_o back_o in_o safety_n but_o do_v not_o tell_v he_o when_o the_o foolish_a governor_n come_v out_o paches_n immediate_o storm_v the_o secure_a city_n take_v it_o and_o put_v most_o that_o be_v within_o it_o to_o the_o sword_n but_o will_v needs_o keep_v his_o word_n to_o hippias_n and_o therefore_o lend_v he_o back_o to_o the_o town_n where_o he_o be_v no_o soon_o arrive_v but_o by_o order_n of_o the_o execrable_a paches_n he_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n with_o arrow_n this_o treachery_n in_o seek_v and_o lay_v hold_n on_o occasion_n to_o break_v treaty_n and_o article_n be_v be_v and_o ever_o will_v be_v a_o monstrous_a crime_n cry_v to_o heaven_n for_o vengeance_n the_o son_n of_o saul_n pay_v dear_a for_o their_o father_n breach_n to_o the_o gibeonite_n who_o with_o mouldy_a bread_n and_o piety_n joshuah_n his_o piety_n clout_a shoe_n have_v cunning_o cheat_v joshuah_n to_o treat_v with_o they_o and_o give_v they_o condition_n which_o notwithstanding_o he_o resolve_v for_o his_o oath_n sake_n religious_o to_o observe_v but_o those_o example_n of_o spendius_n and_o antaritus_n of_o carthage_n and_o hippias_n of_o person_n no_o commander_n in_o chief_a shall_v parley_v in_o person_n notium_n shall_v teach_v all_o general_n and_o commander_n in_o chief_a of_o whatever_o quality_n they_o be_v whether_o in_o field_n or_o town_n not_o to_o parley_v in_o person_n for_o if_o contrary_a to_o parol_n promise_n faith_n oath_n or_o hostage_n they_o be_v either_o kill_v or_o make_v prisoner_n then_o the_o army_n town_n or_o castle_n which_o they_o command_v stand_v for_o a_o time_n amaze_v which_o give_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o the_o deceitful_a enemy_n who_o have_v prepare_v himself_o for_o it_o to_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o put_v they_o in_o a_o fearful_a confusion_n if_o not_o total_o to_o rout_n they_o before_o they_o can_v recollect_v themselves_o julius_n caesar_n i_o confess_v have_v a_o advantage_n in_o his_o personal_a parley_n in_o spain_n with_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n because_o by_o his_o presence_n and_o the_o justify_v his_o cause_n in_o his_o own_o excellent_a language_n and_o his_o promise_n not_o only_o of_o fair_a quarter_n but_o of_o entertainment_n he_o debauch_v most_o of_o their_o army_n but_o these_o very_a reason_n which_o make_v his_o parley_n with_o they_o justifiable_a render_v their_o meeting_n with_o he_o in_o presence_n of_o the_o soldier_n of_o both_o army_n which_o caesar_n will_v needs_o have_v altogether_o inexcusable_a and_o indeed_o pompey_n refuse_v on_o good_a ground_n all_o parley_n with_o caesar_n at_o dirrachium_n but_o there_o be_v no_o such_o cause_n of_o caesar_n personal_a parley_n with_o ariovistus_n king_n of_o germany_n at_o which_o i_o suppose_v he_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o his_o error_n for_o though_o he_o think_v he_o have_v make_v the_o meeting_n cocksure_a on_o a_o little_a hill_n situate_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o large_a plain_n where_o no_o ambush_n can_v be_v lay_v and_o none_o be_v to_o approach_v that_o plain_a but_o himself_o and_o the_o barbarous_a king_n each_o of_o they_o accompany_v with_o ten_o it_o caesar_n danger_n by_o it_o horseman_n and_o he_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o ten_o of_o the_o gallant_a of_o his_o legionary_n to_o be_v with_o himself_o all_o mount_v on_o good_a gallic_a horse_n but_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o caution_n the_o treaty_n and_o parley_n be_v break_v of_o not_o without_o visible_a sign_n of_o treachery_n and_o the_o same_o caesar_n give_v a_o caveat_n to_o all_o commander_n in_o chief_a either_o of_o army_n or_o part_n of_o army_n or_o of_o city_n or_o castle_n not_o to_o parley_v in_o person_n when_o he_o tell_v we_o the_o sad_a story_n how_o he_o lose_v one_o full_a legion_n and_o five_o cohort_n of_o another_o by_o the_o simple_a folly_n of_o his_o legate_n sabinus_n first_o in_o believe_v the_o intelligence_n of_o ambiorix_n a_o profess_a enemy_n and_o next_o in_o go_v in_o person_n with_o his_o it_o his_o great_a loss_n by_o it_o principal_a officer_n to_o treat_v and_o parley_v with_o the_o same_o ambiorix_n upon_o the_o bare_a word_n or_o parol_n of_o a_o faithless_a barbarian_a by_o who_o he_o and_o his_o officer_n be_v immediate_o kill_v and_o then_o their_o force_n present_o after_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o take_v take_v here_o a_o perfidious_a trick_n of_o a_o roman_a at_o a_o parley_n comius_n a_o gallic_a prince_n have_v not_o be_v very_o faithful_a to_o rome_n caesar_n legate_n labienus_n appoint_v one_o volusenus_n to_o parley_n with_o comius_n the_o gaul_n have_v get_v the_o accustom_a assurance_n come_v to_o the_o place_n where_o volusenus_n by_o order_n from_o labienus_n as_o out_o of_o friendship_n take_v he_o by_o the_o hand_n but_o hold_v it_o fast_o till_o one_o of_o his_o centurion_n give_v he_o a_o deep_a legat._n perfidy_n of_o a_o roman_a legat._n wound_n on_o the_o head_n but_o it_o not_o prove_v mortal_a comius_n escape_v and_o swear_v thereafter_o never_o to_o trust_v a_o roman_a if_o caesar_n have_v either_o cut_v off_o his_o legate_n head_n or_o according_a to_o the_o roman_a custom_n use_v in_o such_o case_n deliver_v he_o over_o to_o the_o incense_a gaul_n for_o this_o treacherous_a act_n than_o the_o same_o labienus_n have_v not_o afterward_o perfidious_o desert_v himself_o and_o run_v over_o to_o pompey_n sempronius_n gracchus_n be_v betray_v by_o his_o host_n leave_v his_o command_n and_o be_v proconsul_n go_v in_o person_n to_o parley_v with_o some_o carthaginian_n from_o the_o result_n whereof_o he_o expect_v syphax_n gracchus_n kill_v at_o a_o parley_n scipio_n the_o african_a question_v for_o his_o parley_n with_o syphax_n great_a matter_n but_o he_o never_o return_v for_o he_o be_v environ_v and_o kill_v with_o all_o his_o retinue_n scipio_n the_o african_a though_o a_o accomplish_a captain_n no_o doubt_n forget_v his_o duty_n when_o he_o leave_v his_o charge_n in_o spain_n and_o go_v to_o africa_n to_o treat_v with_o syphax_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o army_n and_o at_o that_o time_n accompany_v by_o asdrubal_n a_o profess_a enemy_n to_o the_o roman_a name_n and_o nation_n have_v no_o assurance_n for_o his_o safety_n but_o the_o word_n of_o a_o prince_n who_o scipio_n himself_o account_v barbarous_a and_o though_o he_o escape_v that_o hazard_n yet_o do_v he_o not_o escape_v the_o severe_a reproof_n of_o great_a fabius_n who_o to_o his_o face_n and_o in_o full_a senate_n charge_v he_o with_o this_o inexcusable_a oversight_n in_o very_o rough_a and_o bitter_a language_n as_o you_o may_v read_v in_o livy_n thirty_o book_n nor_o do_v i_o look_v on_o the_o personal_a parley_n between_o the_o same_o scipio_n and_o the_o famous_a hannibal_n before_o their_o last_o battle_n at_o zama_n but_o as_o a_o extravagant_a action_n of_o two_o such_o renown_a chieftain_n the_o enterview_n of_o king_n and_o sovereign_a prince_n have_v seldom_o prove_v fortunate_a or_o gain_v those_o advantage_n to_o either_o party_n that_o be_v expect_v but_o this_o discourse_n belong_v to_o another_o chapter_n to_o conclude_v the_o apprehension_n of_o bad_a quarter_n and_o the_o fear_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o promise_n and_o article_n and_o the_o suspicion_n of_o ill_a usage_n have_v make_v many_o refuse_v quarter_n desperate_a way_n to_o prevent_v bad_a quarter_n all_o quarter_n reject_v all_o treaty_n and_o distrust_v all_o article_n and_o agreement_n and_o by_o a_o
place_n of_o the_o depth_n that_o every_o prince_n appoint_v for_o his_o foot_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o great_a gustavus_n adolphus_n for_o any_o thing_n i_o can_v ever_o learn_v foot-company_n be_v marshal_v ten_o deep_a almost_o universal_o but_o he_o marshal_v deep_a ten_o deep_a all_o his_o infantry_n in_o six_o rank_n and_o after_o he_o have_v invade_v germany_n the_o emperor_n with_o most_o of_o the_o european_a king_n and_o prince_n keep_v their_o foot_n still_o at_o ten_o deep_a but_o before_o the_o end_n of_o that_o war_n which_o he_o begin_v all_o of_o they_o follow_v his_o way_n and_o make_v the_o file_n of_o their_o foot_n to_o consist_v of_o six_o man_n except_o the_o prince_n of_o deep_a six_o deep_a orange_n who_o still_o keep_v ten_o in_o file_n i_o shall_v except_v likewise_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n who_o in_o his_o instruction_n for_o the_o better_a discipline_n of_o his_o army_n order_v every_o deep_a eight_o deep_a captain_n of_o foot_n to_o draw_v up_o his_o company_n eight_o deep_a in_o a_o business_n of_o this_o nature_n where_o there_o be_v difference_n a_o man_n may_v tell_v his_o opinion_n without_o affectation_n of_o singularity_n and_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v it_o will_v be_v grant_v i_o that_o the_o more_o hand_n a_o captain_n can_v bring_v to_o fight_v the_o more_o shrewd_o deep_a reason_n for_o six_o deep_a he_o will_v put_v his_o enemy_n to_o it_o provide_v still_o his_o batallion_n be_v of_o that_o strength_n as_o to_o receive_v the_o shock_n of_o a_o resolute_a impression_n and_o in_o case_n of_o the_o worst_a that_o he_o have_v reserve_v to_o come_v to_o his_o rescue_n of_o reserve_v i_o shall_v speak_v hereafter_o now_o i_o be_o hopeful_a it_o will_v not_o be_v deny_v i_o but_o that_o more_o hand_n be_v bring_v to_o fight_v by_o eight_o man_n in_o a_o file_n than_o by_o ten_o and_o more_o by_o six_o man_n in_o a_o file_n than_o by_o eight_o take_v a_o second_o argument_n the_o more_o able_a you_o be_v to_o save_v yourself_o from_o be_v surround_v or_o out-winged_a by_o a_o enemy_n or_o the_o more_o able_a you_o make_v yourself_o to_o surround_v and_o out-wing_n that_o enemy_n of_o you_o the_o great_a advantage_n you_o have_v over_o he_o both_o these_o be_v do_v by_o a_o large_a front_n now_o it_o be_v undeniable_a that_o eight_o in_o file_n enlarge_v the_o front_n more_o than_o ten_o and_o six_o more_o than_o eight_o and_o consequent_o eight_o deep_a contribute_v more_o than_o ten_o and_o six_o more_o than_o eight_o for_o gain_v the_o victory_n that_o more_o hand_n be_v bring_v to_o fight_n be_v very_o soon_o instance_a first_o by_o a_o body_n deep_a the_o great_a advantage_n 1500_o musqueteer_n six_o deep_a have_v of_o 1500_o musqueteer_n ten_o deep_a of_o musqueteer_n and_o next_o by_o a_o body_n of_o pikeman_n let_v we_o suppose_v a_o body_n of_o fifteen_o hundred_o musqueteer_n marshal_v ten_o deep_a be_v to_o fight_v with_o a_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n of_o equal_a number_n that_o be_v fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a and_o that_o they_o be_v equal_o stout_a and_o experience_a and_o equal_o good_a firemen_n the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a must_v give_v fire_n by_o rank_n as_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a must_v likewise_o do_v now_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a can_v make_v no_o more_o but_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o in_o rank_n for_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o multiply_v by_o ten_o produce_v fifteen_o hundred_o but_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a make_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o in_o rank_n for_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o multiply_v by_o six_o produce_v fifteen_o hundred_o so_o that_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a at_o every_o volley_n pour_v one_o hundred_o leaden_a bullet_n more_o in_o the_o enemy_n bosom_n than_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a and_o consequent_o when_o six_o rank_n of_o both_o party_n have_v fire_v the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a have_v receive_v six_o hundred_o ball_n more_o than_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a which_o without_o all_o doubt_n have_v make_v a_o great_a many_o man_n fall_v more_o of_o the_o one_o side_n than_o the_o other_o next_o one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o file_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a take_v just_a as_o much_o ground_n up_o in_o front_n as_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a and_o therefore_o the_o other_o hundred_o file_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a may_v fall_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a if_o they_o be_v not_o flank_v either_o with_o pike_n or_o with_o horseman_n it_o be_v the_o like_a case_n mutatis_fw-la mutandis_fw-la between_o fifteen_o hundred_o eight_o deep_a and_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a for_o fifteen_o hundred_o eight_o deep_a will_v make_v but_o a_o hundred_o and_o eighty_o eight_o in_o rank_n for_o a_o hundred_o eighty_o eight_o multiply_v by_o eight_o produce_v fifteen_o hundred_o and_o four_o now_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a make_v two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o rank_n and_o so_o shoot_v at_o every_o volley_n sixty_o two_o bullet_n more_o than_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o eight_o deep_a make_v the_o like_a trial_n of_o two_o batallion_n of_o pike_n each_o of_o they_o fifteen_o hundred_o have_v the_o same_o advantage_n pikeman_n also_o have_v strong_a equal_o arm_v for_o the_o defensive_a and_o their_o pike_n of_o equal_a length_n the_o hundred_o file_n wherewith_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a outwing_n the_o fifteen_o hundred_o ten_o deep_a will_v likewise_o enter_v on_o their_o side_n and_o very_o soon_o ruin_v they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o flank_v by_o their_o friend_n and_o though_o they_o be_v yet_o these_o hundred_o file_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o pikeman_n six_o deep_a be_v otherwise_o idle_a may_v happy_o give_v their_o flank_n some_o work_n to_o do_v nor_o have_v the_o fifteen_o hundred_o pikeman_n ten_o deep_a any_o advantage_n of_o the_o fifteen_o hundred_o six_o deep_a in_o the_o force_n of_o the_o impression_n for_o i_o have_v demonstrate_v in_o one_o of_o my_o discourse_n of_o the_o grecian_a militia_n that_o six_o rank_n of_o pikeman_n may_v either_o give_v or_o receive_v the_o charge_n abundant_o and_o therefore_o where_o pikeman_n be_v ten_o deep_a at_o their_o charge_n the_o last_o four_o rank_n shall_v keep_v their_o pike_n port_a because_o the_o present_v the_o point_n of_o they_o be_v altogether_o useless_a neither_o be_v it_o the_o apprehension_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n draw_v up_o six_o deep_a that_o make_v the_o king_n of_o sweden_n make_v use_n of_o his_o feather_n to_o defend_v his_o musqueteer_n against_o the_o polonian_a horse_n for_o these_o feather_n may_v serve_v a_o body_n of_o firemen_n draw_v up_o ten_o deep_a as_o well_o as_o a_o body_n of_o firemen_n draw_v up_o six_o deep_a neither_o indeed_o be_v it_o the_o deepness_n of_o a_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n that_o can_v resist_v a_o resolute_a charge_n of_o horse_n it_o must_v be_v pike_n halberd_n or_o these_o feather_n or_o something_o like_o they_o nor_o do_v i_o think_v after_o the_o invention_n of_o gunpowder_n that_o ten_o deep_a be_v think_v fit_a for_o foot_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o some_o fancy_n for_o i_o have_v show_v in_o another_o deep_a reason_n for_o ten_o deep_a place_n that_o vegetius_n who_o be_v look_v on_o by_o many_o as_o the_o oracle_n of_o the_o old_a roman_a militia_n do_v make_v the_o roman_a file_n to_o consist_v of_o eleven_o man_n but_o i_o think_v it_o be_v out_o of_o this_o consideration_n that_o after_o the_o first_o rank_n have_v fire_v their_o gun_n they_o can_v not_o be_v ready_a to_o fire_n again_o till_o the_o other_o nine_o rank_n have_v all_o fire_v and_o withal_o a_o musket_n rest_n be_v take_v to_o help_v with_o so_o much_o wariness_n do_v our_o ancestor_n walk_v when_o first_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o new_a find_v engine_n of_o fire_n we_o read_v of_o a_o count_n of_o vaâ—dâ—mont_n who_o within_o thirty_o year_n after_o the_o invention_n of_o gunpowder_n make_v use_v of_o two_o culverines_n in_o his_o war_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o bar_n and_o by_o their_o help_n defeat_v his_o enemy_n but_o at_o every_o time_n the_o piece_n be_v discharge_v the_o count_n himself_o fall_v to_o the_o ground_n for_o fear_n but_o as_o great_a câ—sar_n say_v usus_fw-la est_fw-la rerum_fw-la magister_fw-la use_v and_o custom_n overmaster_v thing_n and_o therefore_o the_o cannon_n be_v not_o now_o so_o dreadful_a as_o it_o be_v nor_o be_v the_o musket_n so_o unmanageable_a as_o it_o be_v think_v daily_a experience_n let_v we_o see_v that_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o six_o can_v fire_v make_v deep_a for_o fine_a deep_a ready_a and_o stay_v for_o the_o word_n of_o command_n before_o the_o other_o five_o
a_o regiment_n marshal_v in_o one_o division_n order_n the_o colonel_n company_n to_o draw_v up_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n next_o to_o that_o the_o major_n three_o the_o second_o captain_n fourthly_a the_o four_o captain_n five_o the_o six_o captain_n six_o the_o seven_o captain_n seventh_o the_o five_o captain_n eight_o the_o three_o captain_n ninth_o the_o old_a captain_n and_o last_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n company_n i_o know_v some_o will_v have_v the_o major_n company_n to_o be_v where_o i_o have_v place_v the_o young_a captain_n because_o they_o think_v next_o to_o the_o van_n and_o the_o rear_n the_o middle_n be_v the_o most_o honourable_a place_n but_o if_o they_o take_v heed_n they_o will_v find_v it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o a_o middle_a company_n as_o with_o a_o middle_a man_n in_o a_o file_n who_o upon_o double_v the_o front_n by_o half_a file_n become_v a_o leader_n beside_o no_o company_n can_v proper_o be_v say_v to_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o regiment_n unless_o the_o regiment_n consist_v of_o odd_a company_n which_o seldom_o or_o never_o be_v practise_v for_o draw_v up_o a_o regiment_n of_o ten_o company_n in_o one_o front_n the_o six_o company_n which_o be_v account_v the_o middle_a one_o or_o the_o company_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o regiment_n be_v not_o so_o for_o it_o have_v five_o company_n on_o its_o right_a hand_n and_o but_o four_o on_o its_o left_a now_o my_o reason_n for_o it_o reason_n for_o the_o manner_n of_o it_o draw_v up_o the_o company_n in_o that_o order_n whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v be_v this_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o the_o van_n be_v the_o most_o honourable_a place_n and_o next_o to_o it_o the_o left_a hand_n or_o rear_v now_o the_o honour_n come_v from_o danger_n which_o be_v for_o most_o part_n expect_v from_o the_o van_n or_o the_o rear_n and_o hence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o the_o near_a a_o captain_n and_o his_o company_n be_v the_o danger_n the_o more_o honourable_a place_n they_o have_v and_o therefore_o the_o near_a they_o be_v to_o the_o van_n and_o the_o rear_n the_o more_o honourable_a place_n they_o have_v if_o then_o the_o regiment_n be_v attack_v in_o the_o van_n where_o most_o danger_n be_v expect_v the_o major_n company_n be_v by_o much_o near_o the_o danger_n when_o it_o be_v marshal_v next_o to_o the_o colonel_n than_o if_o it_o be_v draw_v up_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o regiment_n and_o consequent_o be_v in_o the_o more_o honourable_a place_n by_o this_o same_o reason_n the_o old_a captain_n be_v to_o be_v near_a the_o lieutenant-colonel_n who_o have_v the_o second_o place_n of_o honour_n for_o if_o the_o rear_n be_v attack_v the_o lieutenant_n colonel_n be_v near_a the_o danger_n and_o next_o he_o the_o first_o captain_n by_o this_o same_o rule_n of_o proportion_n the_o second_o captain_n be_v next_o to_o the_o major_n it_o be_v fit_a since_o the_o first_o captain_n have_v the_o second_o place_n of_o dignity_n in_o the_o rear_n that_o the_o second_o captain_n have_v the_o three_o place_n in_o the_o van._n and_o if_o this_o rule_n hold_v as_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v the_o three_o captain_n company_n must_v be_v draw_v up_o on_o the_o old_a captain_n right_a hand_n that_o so_o he_o may_v have_v the_o three_o place_n from_o the_o rear_n as_o the_o second_o captain_n have_v the_o three_o place_n from_o the_o van._n and_o to_o make_v short_a i_o place_v the_o four_o captain_n in_o the_o four_o place_n from_o the_o van_n and_o the_o five_o captain_n in_o the_o four_o place_n from_o the_o rear_n the_o six_o captain_n in_o the_o five_o place_n from_o the_o van_n and_o the_o seven_o and_o last_o captain_n in_o the_o five_o place_n from_o the_o rear_n now_o because_o a_o enemy_n be_v soon_o expect_v in_o the_o van_n than_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o van_n be_v more_o honourable_a than_o the_o rear_n and_o therefore_o i_o marshal_v the_o last_o captain_n in_o or_o near_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o regiment_n where_o be_v further_a from_o danger_n either_o in_o van_n or_o rear_n he_o obtain_v the_o place_n of_o least_o dignity_n for_o though_o all_o place_n be_v honourable_a yet_o some_o be_v more_o honourable_a than_o other_o i_o marshal_v then_o a_o regiment_n of_o ten_o company_n draw_v up_o in_o one_o division_n thus_o batallion_n order_n of_o a_o regiment_n in_o one_o batallion_n colonel_n major_n second_o captain_n four_o captain_n six_o captain_n seven_o captain_n five_o captain_n three_o captain_n first_o captain_n lieutenant-colonel_n the_o company_n stand_v in_o this_o order_n the_o major_n will_v have_v but_o little_a trouble_n body_n how_o to_o put_v they_o in_o one_o body_n to_o body_n they_o one_o of_o two_o way_n first_o he_o may_v command_v all_o the_o pike_n to_o advance_v twenty_o or_o twenty_o four_o pace_n and_o there_o join_v they_o then_o let_v he_o cause_v the_o musqueteer_n of_o the_o five_o company_n on_o the_o right_n to_o advance_v to_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o musqueteer_n of_o the_o five_o company_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n to_o march_v up_o to_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o so_o his_o work_n be_v do_v second_o if_o he_o have_v no_o other_o ground_n than_o that_o he_o stand_v on_o he_o be_v to_o command_v the_o pikeman_n to_o march_v through_o the_o file_n of_o the_o musqueteer_n by_o the_o right_n and_o left_a hand_n till_o they_o meet_v in_o one_o body_n in_o the_o middle_n the_o musqueteer_n be_v likewise_o order_v to_o march_v by_o both_o hand_n to_o their_o due_a distance_n so_o that_o this_o motion_n be_v a_o chorean_a countermarch_v of_o file_n this_o may_v be_v do_v with_o much_o ease_n and_o a_o few_o word_n if_o the_o major_n please_v but_o some_o have_v the_o vanity_n to_o make_v themselves_o and_o their_o soldier_n more_o business_n than_o they_o need_v by_o cry_v this_o and_o that_o ride_v here_o and_o there_o make_v work_n to_o themselves_o and_o sometime_o sport_n to_o the_o beholder_n if_o the_o major_n be_v order_v to_o marshal_v the_o regiment_n in_o two_o division_n he_o may_v do_v batallion_n to_o marshal_v a_o regiment_n of_o ten_o company_n in_o two_o batallion_n it_o thus_o the_o colonel_n company_n be_v to_o have_v the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o first_o division_n and_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n of_o the_o second_o division_n he_o ought_v to_o place_v the_o other_o company_n according_a to_o their_o dignity_n and_o these_o be_v the_o major_n company_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o first_o division_n and_o the_o first_o captain_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o second_o division_n the_o second_o captain_n next_o to_o the_o colonel_n in_o the_o first_o division_n the_o three_o captain_n next_o to_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n in_o the_o second_o division_n the_o four_o captain_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o major_a in_o the_o first_o division_n and_o the_o five_o captain_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o old_a captain_n in_o the_o second_o division_n the_o six_o captain_n next_o to_o the_o second_o captain_n in_o the_o first_o division_n and_o the_o seven_o and_o last_o captain_n next_o to_o the_o three_o captain_n in_o the_o second_o division_n the_o ten_o company_n of_o a_o regiment_n then_o draw_v up_o in_o two_o distinct_a batallion_n be_v in_o this_o order_n division_n order_n of_o ten_o company_n in_o two_o division_n first_o division_n second_o division_n colonel_n lieutenant-colonel_n second_o captain_n three_o captain_n six_o captain_n seven_o captain_n four_o captain_n five_o captain_n major_n first_o captain_n my_o reason_n for_o this_o be_v because_o the_o regiment_n be_v now_o divide_v into_o two_o body_n or_o batallion_n the_o two_o reer_n be_v next_o in_o dignity_n to_o the_o two_o vans_n and_o those_o that_o be_v near_a to_o the_o two_o reer_n be_v next_o in_o honour_n to_o those_o who_o be_v near_a to_o the_o two_o vans_n for_o this_o reason_n i_o place_v the_o six_o captain_n just_a in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o order_n reason_n for_o that_o order_n first_o division_n as_o further_a from_o danger_n of_o either_o van_n or_o rear_n of_o that_o division_n have_v two_o company_n before_o he_o and_o two_o behind_o he_o or_o two_o on_o each_o hand_n of_o he_o and_o i_o place_v the_o last_o captain_n company_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o second_o division_n as_o the_o place_n of_o least_o dignity_n and_o that_o belong_v to_o he_o all_o other_o captain_n have_v the_o precedency_n of_o he_o the_o pike_n of_o the_o first_o and_o second_o division_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o several_a batallion_n and_o the_o musqueteer_n of_o the_o five_o company_n of_o each_o body_n equal_o divide_v on_o both_o hand_n of_o the_o several_a body_n of_o the_o pike_n which_o be_v do_v in_o that_o same_o way_n as_o when_o the_o regiment_n
be_v marshal_v in_o one_o division_n i_o know_v some_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o major_n company_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o rear_n marshal_v objection_n against_o that_o way_n of_o marshal_v of_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n division_n because_o the_o three_o place_n of_o honour_n in_o the_o regiment_n belong_v to_o he_o and_o the_o colonel_n have_v the_o van_n of_o the_o first_o division_n and_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n of_o the_o second_o the_o major_n shall_v have_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o second_o division_n because_o it_o be_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o whole_a regiment_n i_o shall_v easy_o subscribe_v to_o this_o if_o it_o be_v not_o for_o two_o reason_n first_o though_o it_o be_v but_o answer_v answer_v one_o regiment_n yet_o be_v divide_v it_o shall_v be_v look_v on_o as_o two_o distinct_a body_n and_o it_o be_v more_o honourable_a to_o have_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o first_o than_o of_o the_o last_o second_o when_o a_o regiment_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o major_n ought_v to_o wait_v and_o lodge_v at_o the_o quarter_n of_o that_o division_n of_o the_o regiment_n where_o the_o colonel_n be_v because_o from_o he_o he_o receive_v his_o order_n direction_n and_o the_o word_n which_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o carry_v to_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n if_o the_o quarter_n of_o the_o two_o division_n be_v divide_v as_o many_o time_n they_o be_v but_o the_o old_a captain_n be_v oblige_v to_o come_v and_o receive_v they_o from_o the_o major_a at_o the_o colonel_n quarter_n the_o first_o captain_n in_o that_o case_n officiate_a as_o major_a for_o the_o lieutenant-colonel_n batallion_n now_o if_o the_o major_n ought_v to_o be_v where_o the_o colonel_n be_v as_o i_o think_v he_o shall_v than_o i_o think_v the_o major_n company_n shall_v be_v where_o himself_o be_v the_o great_a gustavus_n use_v another_o way_n of_o marshal_v his_o regiment_n and_o brigade_n of_o foot_n which_o take_v altogether_o be_v not_o square_a of_o front_n yet_o all_o the_o four_o part_n or_o body_n which_o compose_v it_o be_v square_a the_o manner_n be_v this_o way_n regiment_n or_o brigade_n marshal_v a_o three_o way_n suppose_v one_o of_o his_o brigade_n to_o be_v eighteen_o hundred_o man_n as_o i_o can_v assure_v you_o he_o have_v many_o weak_a whereof_o twelve_o hundred_o be_v musqueteer_n and_o six_o hundred_o be_v pikeman_n the_o pike_n advance_v twenty_o pace_n before_o the_o two_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n who_o immediate_o join_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o void_a place_n the_o pikeman_n have_v possess_v then_o be_v the_o pike_n divide_v into_o three_o equal_a body_n two_o hundred_o to_o each_o batallion_n the_o middle_a body_n whereof_o advance_v before_o the_o other_o two_o so_o far_o that_o its_o rear_n may_v be_v about_o ten_o pace_n before_o the_o van_n of_o the_o other_o two_o the_o two_o body_n of_o pike_n that_o stay_v behind_o be_v order_v to_o open_v a_o little_a to_o both_o hand_n and_o then_o stand_v still_o all_o front_a one_o way_n to_o the_o enemy_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o place_n which_o the_o two_o hundred_o pike_n possess_v in_o the_o middle_n remain_v void_a there_o be_v two_o passage_n like_o sally-port_n between_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o advance_a body_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o two_o batallion_n that_o stay_v behind_o out_o of_o one_o whereof_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n issue_v constant_o one_o or_o two_o or_o more_o hundred_o of_o musqueteer_n who_o before_o all_o the_o three_o body_n of_o pike_n give_v incessant_o fire_n on_o the_o enemy_n and_o when_o the_o word_n or_o sign_n for_o a_o retreat_n be_v give_v they_o retire_v by_o the_o other_o passage_n on_o the_o left_a hand_n back_o to_o the_o great_a body_n of_o musqueteer_n where_o so_o many_o of_o they_o as_o come_v back_o unwounded_a be_v present_o put_v in_o rank_n and_o file_n the_o fire_n continue_v without_o intermission_n by_o musqueteer_n who_o still_o sally_v through_o the_o passage_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o fireman_n fight_v thus_o in_o small_a body_n each_o of_o they_o not_o above_o five_o file_n of_o musqueteer_n and_o these_o for_o most_o part_n but_o three_o deep_a so_o you_o may_v consider_v that_o near_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o musqueteer_n be_v on_o service_n the_o other_o two_o three_o be_v secure_o shelter_v behind_o the_o three_o batallion_n of_o pikeman_n who_o be_v to_o be_v complete_o arm_v for_o the_o defensive_a these_o pike_n have_v field_n piece_n with_o they_o which_o fire_v as_o oft_o as_o they_o can_v as_o well_o as_o the_o musqueteer_n this_o continue_a till_o the_o pikeman_n come_v to_o push_v of_o pike_n with_o the_o enemy_n if_o both_o party_n stay_v so_o long_o as_o seldom_o they_o do_v and_o then_o the_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o do_v what_o they_o be_v order_v to_o do_v and_o the_o order_n do_v depend_v on_o emergency_n and_o accident_n which_o as_o they_o can_v not_o be_v then_o see_v so_o no_o certain_a rule_n can_v be_v give_v for_o they_o in_o this_o order_n do_v i_o see_v all_o the_o swedish_n brigades_n draw_v up_o for_o one_o year_n after_o the_o king_n death_n but_o after_o that_o time_n i_o see_v it_o wear_v out_o when_o defensive_a arm_n first_o and_o then_o pike_n come_v out_o wear_v out_o to_o be_v neglect_v and_o by_o some_o vilipend_v for_o the_o march_n of_o a_o regiment_n if_o it_o can_v all_o march_n in_o one_o breast_n it_o shall_v regiment_n the_o march_n of_o a_o regiment_n do_v so_o but_o if_o not_o and_o if_o the_o ground_n permit_v it_o let_v the_o right_a hand_n of_o musqueteer_n march_v in_o breast_n next_o it_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n and_o after_o it_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o musqueteer_n but_o if_o none_o of_o these_o can_v be_v then_o as_o many_o shall_v march_v in_o one_o petty_a division_n as_o the_o way_n can_v permit_v as_o suppose_v twelve_o eight_o or_o ten_o and_o so_o soon_o as_o you_o come_v to_o open_a ground_n you_o be_v to_o march_v present_o in_o squadron_n or_o as_o they_o be_v now_o call_v squad_n or_o in_o full_a battle_n that_o be_v the_o regiment_n all_o in_o one_o front_n for_o by_o that_o mean_v your_o soldier_n be_v ready_a to_o receive_v a_o enemy_n they_o march_v in_o a_o more_o comely_a order_n and_o straggle_v far_o less_o than_o when_o they_o march_v few_o in_o breast_n and_o in_o a_o long_a row_n the_o major_n appoint_v captain_n lieutenant_n and_o ensign_n to_o lead_v division_n and_o sergeant_n to_o attend_v the_o flank_n every_o one_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o never_o think_v it_o convenient_a much_o less_o necessary_a that_o every_o small_a division_n of_o a_o regiment_n shall_v have_v a_o bringer_n up_o since_o he_o must_v be_v as_o some_o will_v have_v it_o a_o commission_v officer_n as_o well_o as_o the_o leader_n of_o a_o division_n shall_v be_v for_o first_o consider_v that_o in_o a_o regiment_n of_o one_o thousand_o strong_a there_o be_v a_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o six_o file_n and_o admit_v that_o the_o way_n will_v permit_v eight_o file_n to_o march_v in_o breast_n as_o that_o fall_v not_o always_o out_o by_o that_o account_n you_o shall_v have_v one_o and_o twenty_o division_n consist_v of_o eight_o file_n apiece_o multiply_v twenty_o one_o by_o eight_o the_o product_n be_v a_o hundred_o and_o up_o reasins_z why_o every_o petty_a division_n can_v have_v a_o bringer_n up_o sixty_o eight_o file_n which_o consist_v of_o a_o thousand_o and_o eight_o man_n eight_o more_o than_o the_o number_n reckon_v again_o how_o many_o commission_v officer_n you_o have_v in_o ten_o company_n beside_o the_o three_o field-officer_n you_o shall_v have_v but_o twenty_o nine_o now_o of_o these_o twenty_o one_o must_v be_v allow_v to_o lead_v the_o division_n and_o by_o that_o account_n you_o have_v but_o nine_o officer_n to_o bring_v up_o so_o you_o want_v thirteen_o commission_v officer_n for_o that_o employment_n for_o sergeant_n shall_v neither_o be_v permit_v to_o lead_v or_o bring_v up_o but_o in_o case_n of_o necessity_n their_o duty_n be_v to_o attend_v the_o flank_n beside_o all_o commission_v officer_n be_v not_o always_o present_a some_o frequent_o be_v either_o sick_a wound_a or_o absent_a on_o furloff_n it_o will_v be_v enough_o therefore_o if_o all_o these_o petty_a division_n be_v lead_v by_o commission_v officer_n which_o yet_o can_v be_v unless_o you_o allow_v some_o ensign-bearer_n to_o stay_v from_o their_o 〈…〉_o we_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v you_o may_v spare_v six_o foot_n of_o ground_n between_o two_o division_n for_o those_o who_o will_v allow_v bringer_n up_o allow_v eighteen_o foot_n between_o two_o division_n to_o wit_n six_o foot_n between_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o first_o division_n and_o he_o that_o bring_v it_o up_o second_o six_o foot_n between_o
fit_a captain_n general_n than_o he_o who_o be_v near_a in_o blood_n to_o herself_o for_o he_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o represent_v the_o sovereign_a power_n who_o be_v next_o to_o it_o i_o confess_v queen_n elizabeth_n of_o england_n do_v not_o so_o and_o yet_o be_v fortunate_a in_o all_o her_o war_n answer_v answer_v she_o have_v very_o gallant_a and_o loyal_a subject_n neither_o be_v it_o in_o her_o power_n to_o make_v that_o choice_n i_o speak_v of_o because_o he_o who_o be_v next_o to_o she_o in_o blood_n be_v a_o sovereign_a prince_n of_o another_o kingdom_n and_o if_o it_o be_v object_v that_o christina_n queen_n of_o sweden_n manage_v her_o german_a war_n fortunate_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o several_a brave_a captain_n who_o be_v not_o of_o the_o blood_n i_o shall_v answer_v it_o be_v true_a yet_o for_o all_o that_o i_o aver_v that_o all_o of_o they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o in_o sixteen_o year_n time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o gustavus_n as_o he_o do_v alone_o in_o the_o space_n of_o two_o year_n and_o christina_n at_o length_n find_v it_o necessary_a to_o give_v the_o great_a trust_n of_o all_o her_o army_n in_o germany_n to_o her_o near_a cousin_n the_o count_n palatine_n and_o send_v he_o over_o with_o the_o title_n of_o generalissimo_n which_o she_o never_o bestow_v on_o any_o of_o her_o subject_n four_o it_o will_v be_v say_v that_o a_o free_a state_n must_v choose_v and_o trust_v a_o captain_n four_o the_o four_o general_n with_o their_o force_n for_o a_o state_n can_v go_v to_o the_o field_n in_o person_n as_o little_o can_v it_o send_v one_o of_o their_o blood_n for_o he_o may_v be_v a_o near_a kinsman_n to_o two_o or_o three_o of_o the_o state_n and_o have_v no_o relation_n to_o the_o rest_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o intrinsical_a defect_n in_o all_o free_a state_n whether_o aristocratical_a or_o popular_a answer_v answer_v that_o a_o pure_a necessity_n be_v put_v upon_o they_o to_o intrust_v their_o army_n to_o such_o a_o general_n as_o they_o in_o their_o prudence_n make_v choice_n of_o and_o of_o who_o frequent_o general_n all_o free_a state_n jealous_a of_o their_o general_n they_o live_v in_o a_o perpetual_a jealousy_n fear_v his_o usurpation_n almost_o as_o much_o as_o a_o profess_a enemy_n invasion_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n they_o do_v often_o limit_v his_o commission_n with_o so_o many_o restriction_n and_o give_v he_o such_o committee_n and_o councillor_n about_o he_o that_o he_o be_v force_v many_o time_n to_o let_v slip_v fair_a occasion_n wherein_o he_o may_v have_v do_v the_o enemy_n great_a mischief_n and_o his_o master_n eminent_a service_n and_o in_o the_o election_n of_o their_o general_n it_o be_v no_o small_a question_n in_o a_o state_n whether_o it_o be_v best_a to_o choose_v a_o native_a or_o a_o stranger_n the_o athenian_n employ_v their_o own_o athenian_n athenian_n citizen_n the_o spartan_n their_o king_n who_o be_v create_v for_o no_o other_o purpose_n but_o spartan_n spartan_n to_o lead_v their_o army_n for_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o have_v no_o more_o authority_n than_o any_o of_o the_o other_o thirty_o senator_n the_o roman_n make_v use_v of_o their_o yearly_a consul_n roman_n roman_n the_o venetian_n most_o make_v choice_n of_o stranger_n and_o have_v for_o most_o part_n â—een_n happy_a in_o fall_v upon_o prudent_a and_o faithful_a captain_n the_o commonwealth_n of_o venetian_n venetian_n the_o swisser_n consist_v in_o their_o union_n among_o themselves_o against_o all_o enemy_n especial_o swisser_n swisser_n the_o house_n of_o austria_n from_o who_o subjection_n they_o emancipate_v themselves_o all_o the_o thirteen_o particular_a or_o provincial_a estate_n be_v independent_a one_o of_o another_o and_o be_v without_o a_o head_n they_o be_v subject_a to_o rupture_n and_o civil_a war_n as_o they_o be_v more_o especial_o in_o the_o time_n of_o zuinglius_fw-la for_o matter_n of_o religion_n but_o their_o jar_n last_v not_o long_o fear_v of_o a_o common_a enemy_n teach_v they_o to_o compose_v their_o animosity_n for_o nothing_o make_v a_o society_n more_o faithful_a than_o fear_n of_o one_o who_o hate_v all_o of_o they_o when_o they_o join_v unanimous_o at_o their_o general_a meeting_n and_o prosecute_v the_o result_v of_o their_o counsel_n they_o be_v formidable_a and_o when_o they_o make_v a_o general_n of_o their_o force_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o their_o own_o service_n or_o that_o of_o foreign_a prince_n for_o very_o mercenary_a they_o be_v it_o be_v but_o for_o one_o expedition_n or_o for_o one_o piece_n of_o service_n which_o be_v end_v his_o command_n be_v at_o a_o end_n likewise_o and_o so_o they_o need_v not_o be_v jealous_a of_o he_o or_o of_o any_o that_o succeed_v he_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n of_o the_o netherlands_o manage_v the_o long_a province_n â—â—ited_a province_n war_n they_o have_v with_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o four_o prince_n of_o orange_n successive_o one_o after_o another_o neither_o need_v they_o ever_o fear_v the_o usurpation_n of_o any_o of_o they_o for_o though_o their_o power_n be_v almost_o unlimited_a yet_o it_o can_v not_o tempt_v those_o prince_n who_o be_v so_o eminent_a for_o virtue_n to_o who_o goodness_n magnanimity_n justice_n and_o fortunate_a conduct_n these_o estate_n under_o god_n owe_v their_o freedom_n yet_o be_v they_o jealous_a of_o the_o late_a prince_n but_o it_o seem_v they_o be_v now_o desirous_a to_o witness_v their_o gratitude_n to_o that_o illustrious_a family_n by_o make_v this_o present_a prince_n their_o captain_n general_n how_o remediless_a this_o inward_a disease_n be_v in_o all_o free_a state_n that_o they_o must_v intrust_v lacedaemon_n free_a state_n usurp_v by_o their_o captain_n general_n lacedaemon_n their_o militia_n to_o one_o or_o two_o person_n the_o ruin_n of_o some_o commonwealth_n make_v it_o manifest_a lacedaemon_n several_a time_n be_v like_a to_o lose_v her_o liberty_n by_o some_o of_o her_o king_n who_o be_v nothing_o but_o her_o captain_n general_n and_o at_o last_o they_o lose_v it_o under_o the_o tyrant_n nabis_n the_o fear_n of_o usurpation_n make_v athens_n commit_v a_o inexcusable_a folly_n or_o rather_o a_o madness_n in_o their_o ostracism_n whereby_o the_o people_n banish_v the_o best_a qualify_v of_o their_o citizen_n rome_n for_o all_o her_o wariness_n in_o entrust_v her_o rome_n rome_n army_n to_o annual_a consul_n miss_v but_o little_a to_o lose_v her_o freedom_n in_o the_o dictatorship_n of_o bloody_a sylla_n and_o scarce_o have_v she_o recover_v it_o after_o his_o death_n when_o she_o be_v robe_v of_o it_o for_o ever_o by_o julius_n caesar_n castruccio_n castraâ—ani_n usurp_v the_o republic_n of_o luca_n and_o so_o have_v some_o other_o petty_a free_a state_n of_o italy_n be_v use_v luca._n luca._n how_o that_o hodge_n podg_v of_o oligarchie_n tyranny_n and_o anarchy_n the_o long_a black_a england_n oligarchie_n of_o england_n parliament_n of_o england_n which_o pretend_v itself_o to_o be_v a_o free_a state_n be_v use_v by_o their_o captain_n general_n cromwell_n be_v a_o story_n well_o enough_o know_v and_o he_o know_v that_o he_o may_v be_v use_v in_o that_o same_o fashion_n will_v never_o part_v with_o the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n no_o not_o after_o he_o have_v usurp_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o indeed_o if_o sovereign_a prince_n will_v look_v back_o to_o by_o past_a age_n they_o will_v find_v also_o and_o monarchy_n also_o it_o dangerous_a to_o intrust_v their_o whole_a militia_n to_o one_o subject_a unless_o he_o be_v a_o prince_n of_o the_o blood_n you_o may_v find_v in_o holy_a writ_n abner_n captain_n of_o the_o host_n of_o israel_n israel_n kingdom_n of_o israel_n bring_v the_o kingdom_n over_o to_o david_n and_o though_o the_o same_o david_n seem_v to_o attest_v that_o abner_n die_v not_o like_o a_o fool_n yet_o i_o believe_v he_o die_v like_o a_o traitor_n and_o that_o be_v as_o bad_a and_o a_o insolent_a traitor_n too_o for_o he_o tell_v his_o master_n to_o his_o face_n he_o will_v betray_v he_o and_o true_o if_o david_n political_a end_n have_v not_o hinder_v he_o i_o think_v he_o have_v do_v as_o just_a and_o as_o generous_a a_o act_n to_o have_v put_v abner_n to_o death_n as_o he_o do_v when_o he_o cause_v baanah_n and_o rechab_n to_o be_v slay_v for_o bring_v he_o the_o head_n of_o their_o master_n ishbosheth_n nor_o be_v ishbosheth_n the_o last_o king_n of_o israel_n who_o be_v so_o serve_v by_o his_o captain_n general_n zimri_n conspire_v against_o elah_n and_o kill_v he_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n omri_n captain_n of_o the_o host_n bandy_v against_o zimri_n and_o force_v he_o to_o burn_v himself_o in_o the_o king_n palace_n and_o tibni_n go_v fair_a to_o have_v do_v as_o much_o to_o omri_n jâ—hu_n captain_n of_o the_o host_n march_v against_o
bourbon_n great_a constable_n of_o france_n the_o first_o for_o bring_v the_o lombard_n into_o italy_n the_o second_o subject_n a_o prince_n can_v affront_v his_o subject_n for_o desert_v his_o master_n service_n and_o go_v over_o to_o charles_n the_o five_o for_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n can_v give_v his_o subject_n a_o just_a cause_n to_o cast_v off_o his_o duty_n and_o tacitus_n tell_v we_o that_o we_o shall_v suffer_v the_o wrong_n of_o prince_n as_o we_o do_v rain_n tempest_n hail_o thunder_n lightning_z and_o other_o injury_n of_o the_o air._n and_o yet_o for_o all_o that_o have_v be_v say_v or_o can_v be_v say_v on_o this_o subject_n this_o high_a and_o important_a charge_n of_o captain_n general_n of_o all_o the_o force_n and_o army_n of_o a_o whole_a kingdom_n have_v be_v offer_v in_o all_o age_n by_o sovereign_a prince_n to_o subject_n for_o of_o necessity_n sometime_o free_a state_n must_v do_v it_o and_o we_o find_v but_o few_o of_o those_o subject_n who_o have_v refuse_v it_o for_o desire_v of_o honour_n the_o idol_n of_o ambitious_a soul_n make_v they_o insensible_a and_o blind_a that_o they_o can_v neither_o ambition_n man_n ambition_n feel_v the_o present_a weight_n or_o foresee_v the_o future_a danger_n of_o so_o high_a and_o so_o heavy_a a_o employment_n but_o if_o prince_n and_o monarch_n will_v have_v such_o captain_n general_n as_o be_v not_o of_o their_o own_o blood_n they_o have_v better_o trust_v their_o own_o subject_n with_o the_o charge_n than_o stranger_n for_o the_o first_o owe_v they_o fealty_n loyalty_n and_o allegiance_n the_o second_o only_o military_a service_n from_o which_o obligation_n they_o shake_v themselves_o free_a when_o ever_o they_o think_v it_o time_n as_o francis_n sforza_n father_n of_o he_o who_o usurp_v milan_n desert_v joanne_n queen_n of_o naples_n and_o go_v over_o to_o her_o enemy_n of_o arragon_n i_o humble_o think_v that_o a_o prince_n who_o have_v many_o army_n shall_v be_v either_o by_o himself_o or_o one_o of_o his_o blood_n present_a with_o one_o of_o they_o and_o entrust_v the_o rest_n to_o person_n of_o know_a ability_n who_o shall_v have_v no_o high_a title_n than_o that_o of_o lieutenant_n general_n and_o be_v to_o be_v independent_a one_o of_o another_o and_o this_o will_v make_v they_o emulous_a endeavour_v which_o of_o they_o shall_v do_v their_o master_n best_a service_n but_o when_o reason_n of_o war_n require_v a_o conjunction_n of_o force_n then_o as_o i_o have_v often_o say_v the_o prince_n or_o one_o of_o his_o blood_n shall_v have_v the_o supreme_a command_n for_o to_o a_o prince_n all_z the_o lieutenant_z general_n will_v give_v ready_a and_o submissive_a obedience_n without_o repine_v grudge_a or_o murmur_v which_o man_n ordinary_o do_v not_o to_o fellow-subject_n charles_n the_o nine_o of_o france_n make_v but_o a_o sorry_a progress_n in_o his_o war_n against_o his_o protestant_a subject_n till_o he_o make_v his_o brother_n henry_n duke_n of_o anjou_n his_o captain_n general_n who_o though_o he_o be_v generalissimo_n the_o french_a king_n brother_n generalissimo_n but_o very_o young_a yet_o all_o the_o king_n general_n give_v he_o a_o entire_a obedience_n in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o bring_v those_o of_o the_o religion_n to_o a_o very_a low_a and_o petition_v condition_n the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n the_o three_o in_o the_o year_n 1637._o gather_v together_o most_o of_o his_o army_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eighty_o thousand_o man_n give_v the_o conduct_n of_o they_o all_o to_o one_o count_n gallas_n with_o the_o title_n of_o generalissimo_n and_o command_v he_o to_o chase_v the_o swedish_n feltmarshals_n banier_n and_o leslie_n out_o of_o germany_n gallas_n put_v they_o indeed_o to_o a_o fearful_a retreat_n which_o they_o make_v to_o the_o baltic_a sea_n but_o his_o authority_n be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o to_o procure_v a_o absolute_a obedience_n of_o all_o the_o general_n under_o he_o to_o his_o command_n which_o ocasion_v the_o ruin_n of_o most_o of_o those_o numerous_a force_n within_o less_o than_o nine_o month_n but_o three_o or_o four_o year_n after_o the_o same_o emperor_n make_v his_o brother_n archduke_n leopold_n captain_n generalissimo_n leopold_n the_o emperor_n brother_n generalissimo_n general_n of_o his_o army_n and_o send_v he_o against_o the_o same_o banier_n who_o he_o force_v to_o retire_v in_o some_o disorder_n in_o which_o he_o lose_v well_o near_o the_o whole_a leave_v wing_n of_o his_o cavalry_n the_o arch_a duke_n notwithstanding_o some_o loss_n which_o he_o suffer_v do_v not_o only_o preserve_v his_o brother_n the_o emperor_n interest_n and_o force_n but_o gain_v several_a advantage_n against_o the_o sweed_n till_o he_o be_v call_v to_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o spanish_a netherlands_o then_o again_o go_v the_o emperor_n army_n the_o late_a emperor_n in_o person_n with_o his_o army_n affair_n wrong_v till_o he_o go_v in_o person_n to_o his_o principal_a army_n where_o his_o presence_n make_v his_o general_n do_v their_o duty_n so_o well_o that_o the_o sweed_n be_v once_o more_o at_o a_o loss_n so_o much_o do_v a_o prince_n presence_n contribute_v to_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o military_a design_n to_o lay_v a_o side_n that_o chimerical_a description_n i_o give_v you_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o chapter_n of_o a_o general_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o say_v that_o one_o ought_v to_o be_v choose_v for_o that_o high_a charge_n who_o know_v something_o of_o all_o inferior_a charge_n below_o his_o own_o the_o sweed_n breed_v some_o of_o their_o nobility_n in_o army_n make_v many_o of_o they_o begin_v with_o a_o ensign_n bearer_n or_o cornet_n place_n and_o so_o rise_v by_o degree_n till_o they_o attain_v to_o the_o command_n of_o a_o part_n or_o wing_n of_o a_o army_n theâ—_n general_n quality_n requisite_a for_o a_o general_n continue_v but_o a_o short_a while_n in_o one_o station_n yet_o so_o long_o as_o they_o may_v understand_v what_o belong_v to_o every_o charge_n under_o a_o general_n in_o the_o next_o place_n our_o general_n shall_v be_v stout_a not_o rash_a resolute_a to_o lay_v hold_n on_o occasion_n as_o know_v she_o be_v bald_a behind_o he_o shall_v be_v very_o secret_a and_o ready_a to_o hearken_v to_o advice_n and_o have_v judgement_n to_o discern_v whether_o it_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a very_o young_a this_o general_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v for_o he_o must_v not_o be_v a_o mere_a novitiat_a i_o speak_v still_o of_o subject_n very_o old_a he_o must_v not_o be_v for_o age_n dry_v up_o the_o radical_a moisture_n cool_v the_o blood_n and_o weaken_v the_o body_n and_o thereby_o make_v a_o man_n unfit_a for_o these_o action_n which_o require_v both_o present_a resolution_n and_o present_a expedition_n in_o short_a if_o you_o have_v a_o general_n endue_v with_o some_o knowledge_n in_o military_a affair_n with_o some_o prudence_n with_o some_o liberality_n and_o a_o unblemished_a reputation_n he_o may_v pass_v for_o sufficient_a enough_o though_o he_o have_v not_o all_o these_o quality_n in_o the_o superlative_a degree_n for_o perfection_n be_v not_o to_o be_v look_v for_o in_o the_o deprave_a condition_n of_o mankind_n as_o to_o stratagem_n if_o he_o be_v witty_a he_o need_v not_o lose_v his_o time_n to_o read_v frontinus_n for_o as_o xenophon_n tell_v we_o a_o general_n shall_v stratagem_n stratagem_n know_v how_o to_o invent_v stratagem_n of_o his_o own_o as_o well_o as_o to_o know_v those_o who_o have_v be_v before_o he_o as_o that_o musician_n be_v the_o better_a artist_n who_o can_v make_v new_a tune_n than_o he_o who_o can_v only_o sing_v or_o play_v old_a one_o and_o in_o all_o those_o qualification_n i_o have_v now_o speak_v of_o all_o general_n person_n be_v invite_v to_o take_v a_o share_n but_o there_o be_v some_o who_o in_o the_o choice_n of_o a_o general_n require_v another_o qualification_n and_o that_o be_v that_o he_o be_v fortunate_a but_o how_o shall_v you_o know_v whether_o he_o will_v be_v fortunate_a in_o his_o future_a undertake_n if_o you_o say_v because_o he_o be_v happy_a in_o his_o low_a employment_n you_o will_v take_v your_o measure_n very_o ill_a for_o many_o be_v fit_a to_o conduct_v party_n or_o parcel_n of_o army_n and_o to_o follow_v such_o direction_n as_o be_v give_v they_o who_o be_v very_o uncapable_a to_o manage_v the_o charge_n of_o a_o whole_a army_n and_o it_o be_v very_o well_o know_v that_o a_o commander_n in_o the_o war_n may_v be_v fortunate_a enough_o under_o unconstant_a fortune_n unconstant_a one_o master_n and_o very_o unfortunate_a under_o another_o beside_o fortune_n be_v unconstant_a in_o all_o thing_n and_o in_o nothing_o more_o than_o in_o matter_n of_o war._n i_o know_v when_o count_n koningsmark_n be_v major_a lieutenant_n colonel_n and_o colonel_n no_o enterprise_n succeed_v well_o with_o he_o nor_o have_v he_o fortune_n favourable_a in_o any_o party_n he_o conduct_v but_o
often_o false_a from_o the_o country_n people_n which_o signify_v but_o little_a and_o for_o most_o part_n just_a nothing_o or_o else_o the_o party_n have_v take_v some_o prisoner_n these_o can_v tell_v you_o how_o strong_a they_o conceive_v your_o enemy_n be_v where_o he_o be_v yesterday_o or_o where_o he_o be_v this_o morning_n but_o can_v tell_v you_o where_o he_o will_v be_v this_o night_n or_o to_o morrow_n nor_o can_v they_o tell_v you_o any_o of_o his_o design_n or_o intention_n and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o two_o either_o country_n people_n or_o soldier_n undertake_v to_o reveal_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o enemy_n general_n to_o you_o you_o be_v unhappy_a if_o you_o trust_v they_o for_o ordinary_o they_o speak_v either_o ignorant_o or_o false_o and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o either_o a_o fool_n or_o a_o knave_n may_v ruin_v you_o if_o you_o believe_v either_o of_o they_o the_o two_o roman_a consul_n veturius_n and_o it_o two_o instance_n of_o it_o posthumius_fw-la lose_v a_o brave_a army_n at_o cauâ—ium_n where_o they_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o the_o strait_n of_o mountain_n till_o they_o be_v content_v to_o be_v disarm_v and_o pass_v ignominious_o under_o the_o gallow_n to_o redeem_v their_o life_n from_o the_o samnite_n this_o mishap_n befall_v they_o for_o trust_v the_o intelligence_n of_o the_o country_n people_n or_o soldier_n clothe_v like_o country_n people_n who_o assure_v they_o that_o the_o army_n of_o the_o samnite_n be_v not_o within_o one_o hundred_o italian_a mile_n of_o they_o you_o may_v read_v it_o at_o large_a in_o livy_n nine_o book_n curio_n caesar_n legate_n in_o africa_n a_o good_a soldier_n believe_v the_o intelligence_n that_o some_o prisoner_n who_o he_o have_v take_v from_o the_o enemy_n give_v he_o which_o be_v that_o juba_n king_n of_o mauritania_n be_v go_v home_o from_o utica_n and_o have_v take_v most_o of_o his_o army_n with_o he_o but_o have_v leave_v behind_o he_o his_o lieutenant_n general_n sabuca_n with_o some_o few_o force_n upon_o which_o the_o credulous_a curio_n march_v out_o of_o his_o well_o fortify_v camp_n seek_v out_o the_o king_n who_o wait_v for_o he_o fight_v and_o be_v beat_v hardly_o be_v able_a to_o make_v a_o retreat_n to_o his_o leaguer_n where_o he_o lose_v his_o life_n caesar_n have_v it_o in_o the_o nine_o book_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la civili_fw-la when_o you_o send_v a_o small_a party_n for_o intelligence_n it_o must_v not_o be_v far_o it_o be_v do_v trust_v public_a intelligence_n by_o small_a party_n not_o altogether_o to_o be_v trust_v when_o a_o enemy_n be_v near_o these_o be_v to_o discover_v or_o as_o it_o be_v common_o call_v to_o recognosce_fw-la it_o be_v ordinary_o of_o a_o odd_a or_o uneven_a number_n as_o seven_o nine_o eleven_o thirteen_o fifteen_o or_o more_o if_o it_o consist_v of_o fifteen_o three_o may_v go_v before_o four_z follow_v to_o sustain_v they_o and_o then_o eight_o to_o receive_v the_o other_o seven_o suppose_v they_o come_v safe_a back_o they_o bring_v you_o word_n that_o at_o such_o a_o distance_n they_o see_v no_o enemy_n at_o all_o or_o they_o see_v such_o a_o number_n in_o such_o a_o place_n or_o they_o see_v their_o whole_a army_n march_v you_o have_v reason_n upon_o this_o to_o draw_v up_o in_o battle_n if_o you_o be_v not_o strong_o encamp_v yet_o the_o march_v army_n may_v prove_v tree_n or_o cow_n at_o best_a i_o have_v sometime_o see_v the_o like_a of_o this_o fall_n out_o but_o this_o weak_a party_n perhaps_o bring_v you_o a_o prisoner_n or_o two_o if_o so_o it_o have_v do_v much_o but_o what_o you_o be_v to_o trust_v to_o of_o a_o prisoner_n intelligence_n i_o have_v already_o tell_v you_o and_o here_o as_o the_o proverb_n go_v a_o tartar_n may_v be_v take_v your_o party_n may_v be_v beat_v and_o some_o of_o they_o if_o not_o all_o make_v prisoner_n you_o will_v say_v you_o care_v not_o none_o of_o they_o can_v tell_v your_o intention_n i_o believe_v you_o but_o if_o that_o be_v true_a than_o those_o you_o take_v from_o your_o enemy_n can_v tell_v as_o little_a of_o he_o but_o you_o will_v say_v upon_o a_o march_n sufficient_a officer_n nor_o that_o of_o officer_n officer_n shall_v be_v send_v with_o these_o party_n which_o be_v call_v forlorn_a hope_n and_o so_o they_o may_v be_v call_v if_o a_o enemy_n be_v near_o and_o these_o will_v bring_v in_o true_a intelligence_n yet_o for_o all_o their_o sufficiency_n they_o may_v bring_v you_o such_o news_n as_o may_v prejudice_v you_o if_o you_o give_v absolute_a trust_n to_o they_o for_o the_o best_a of_o man_n may_v be_v mistake_v and_o may_v mistake_v thing_n take_v two_o notable_a example_n of_o this_o caesar_z caesar_n instance_a in_o caesar_n marching_z against_o the_o helvetian_o command_v labienus_n with_o two_o legion_n with_o all_o possible_a speed_n to_o go_v before_o and_o possess_v a_o hill_n not_o far_o from_o the_o enemy_n camp_n this_o at_o a_o cursory_a march_n he_o do_v câ—sar_n march_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n but_o send_v one_o considius_n a_o tribune_n of_o great_a experience_n and_o approve_a valour_n before_o to_o bring_v he_o certain_a word_n in_o what_o posture_n the_o swisser_n be_v considius_n tribune_n and_o considius_n one_o of_o his_o tribune_n mistake_v the_o two_o legion_n which_o be_v with_o labienus_n to_o be_v helvetian_o and_o when_o caesar_n with_o his_o army_n be_v within_o one_o italian_a mile_n and_o a_o half_a of_o that_o place_n considius_n come_v post_v to_o he_o and_o assure_v he_o the_o enemy_n be_v master_n of_o the_o hill_n labienus_n shall_v have_v possess_v and_o avouch_v he_o know_v they_o by_o their_o arm_n and_o colour_n to_o be_v helvetian_o and_o which_o be_v worse_o he_o tell_v he_o he_o can_v not_o learn_v what_o be_v become_v of_o the_o two_o legion_n this_o intelligence_n make_v the_o great_a caesar_n immediate_o alter_v his_o resolution_n which_o be_v to_o have_v fall_v on_o the_o helvetian_o that_o very_a day_n for_o he_o be_v in_o great_a want_n of_o provision_n well_o he_o draw_v off_o and_o encamp_v on_o the_o next_o hill_n and_o when_o the_o day_n be_v well_o spend_v he_o come_v to_o know_v that_o labienus_n and_o his_o two_o legion_n have_v possess_v that_o hill_n as_o they_o be_v appoint_v that_o considius_n have_v out_o of_o fear_n imagine_v the_o roman_n to_o be_v swisser_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v march_v away_o far_o enough_o caesar_z steps_z aside_o to_o look_v for_o bread_n to_o his_o hungry_a army_n the_o foolish_a helvetian_o think_v he_o have_v flee_v for_o fear_n follow_v he_o to_o their_o loss_n otherwise_o they_o have_v escape_v he_o for_o that_o time_n perhaps_o for_o good_a and_o all_o thus_o caesar_n by_o misintelligence_n be_v like_a to_o have_v lose_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o fight_v his_o enemy_n and_o who_o shall_v he_o trust_v if_o he_o may_v not_o trust_v a_o veteran_n captain_n and_o as_o himself_o call_v he_o rei_fw-la militaris_fw-la peritissimum_fw-la most_o expert_a in_o military_a affair_n the_o second_o instance_n be_v when_o francis_n the_o first_o make_v his_o retreat_n from_o landrecy_n five_o and_o in_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o guise_n he_o encamp_v one_o night_n in_o view_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o who_o follow_v he_o make_v show_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o fight_v charles_n the_o next_o day_n about_o break_v of_o day_n one_o zalasar_n a_o brave_a and_o experience_a captain_n be_v captain_n and_o zalasar_n one_o of_o his_o captain_n send_v to_o discover_v who_o at_o his_o return_n assure_v the_o emperor_n that_o the_o french_a king_n be_v lie_v still_o in_o the_o same_o posture_n he_o be_v in_o the_o night_n before_o and_o that_o a_o regiment_n of_o swisser_n have_v the_o outer_a guard_n and_o several_a piece_n of_o artillery_n with_o they_o fair_a daylight_n make_v his_o error_n know_v the_o french_a army_n be_v get_v clear_a away_o those_o that_o zalasar_n take_v for_o swisser_n be_v the_o emperor_n own_o guard_n of_o german_n and_o his_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n be_v old_a trunk_n of_o tree_n this_o make_v the_o poor_a gentleman_n ridiculous_a to_o that_o whole_a army_n in_o which_o he_o former_o have_v so_o much_o respect_n and_o do_v worse_a than_o that_o for_o his_o misintelligence_n lose_v he_o his_o master_n favour_n who_o by_o it_o lose_v the_o opportunity_n of_o take_v his_o advantage_n of_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o french_a army_n if_o you_o ask_v i_o what_o shall_v be_v do_v in_o this_o case_n i_o answer_v the_o usual_a custom_n must_v be_v follow_v intelligence_n must_v be_v both_o seek_v and_o buy_v for_o party_n forlorn_a after_o yet_o intelligence_n must_v still_o be_v look_v after_o troop_n small_a body_n of_o horse_n and_o sometime_o of_o foot_n must_v be_v send_v out_o for_o intelligence_n neither_o can_v any_o army_n
weak_a according_a to_o the_o nearness_n of_o a_o enemy_n foot_n be_v full_a and_o complete_a i_o think_v either_o in_o field_n or_o garrison_n a_o enemy_n not_o be_v near_o the_o four_o night_n duty_n be_v enough_o to_o keep_v officer_n and_o soldier_n in_o mind_n of_o their_o business_n though_o i_o know_v other_o think_v the_o three_o night_n easy_a enough_o if_o a_o enemy_n be_v near_o and_o have_v not_o yet_o make_v approach_n it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o weary_a soldier_n more_o than_o be_v needful_a the_o three_o night_n watch_n will_v be_v sufficient_a for_o it_o be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o number_n as_o the_o carefulness_n order_n and_o diligence_n of_o watch_n that_o preserve_v a_o camp_n town_n or_o fort_n from_o surprisal_n but_o when_o a_o enemy_n have_v invest_v the_o place_n and_o make_v approach_n more_o sentinel_n be_v requisite_a and_o consequent_o more_o man_n aught_v to_o be_v on_o the_o guard_n and_o this_o may_v bring_v the_o duty_n to_o the_o second_o night_n sometime_o i_o have_v see_v soldier_n keep_v on_o duty_n two_o night_n together_o and_o have_v only_o the_o three_o night_n allow_v they_o to_o repose_v and_o not_o to_o go_v to_o bed_n or_o put_v off_o their_o clothes_n that_o three_o night_n neither_o but_o to_o lie_v in_o readiness_n to_o run_v to_o their_o post_n so_o soon_o as_o call_v upon_o but_o when_o a_o bâ—siegeâ—_n have_v make_v gallery_n over_o the_o ditch_n it_o be_v ordinary_a for_o the_o besiege_a to_o lie_v constant_o at_o their_o several_a post_n our_o modern_a guard_n be_v as_o the_o ancient_a be_v either_o of_o horse_n or_o foot_n in_o the_o field_n whether_o the_o camp_n be_v fortify_v or_o not_o foot_n and_o horse_n have_v some_o guard_n appoint_v without_o the_o leaguer_n sometime_o together_o sometime_o horse_n guard_n of_o horse_n the_o horse_n without_o the_o foot_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v sentinel_n on_o horse_n back_o in_o such_o place_n as_o the_o major_a general_n or_o adjutant_n general_n shall_v appoint_v and_o these_o guard_n and_o sentinel_n be_v to_o be_v visit_v often_o by_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o cavalry_n who_o be_v on_o the_o watch_n â—r_o by_o the_o lieutenant_n or_o major_a general_n of_o the_o horse_n these_o visit_n be_v ordin_fw-fr 〈…〉_o y_fw-es call_v patroâ—llies_n or_o patrovilles_n to_o distinguish_v they_o i_o think_v from_o the_o visit_n of_o the_o foot_n guard_n which_o be_v call_v round_n in_o garrison_n horseman_n be_v seldom_o require_v to_o watch_v in_o the_o night_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o a_o siege_n but_o in_o the_o day_n time_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o ride_v out_o in_o party_n as_o strong_a and_o as_o far_o as_o the_o governor_n of_o the_o place_n shall_v think_v fit_a to_o appoint_v and_o this_o duty_n be_v ordinary_o call_v recognosce_v or_o beat_v the_o street_n within_o a_o leaguer_n the_o foot_n keep_v guard_n constant_o beside_o these_o outer_a post_n speak_v of_o already_o the_o guards_z within_z be_v twofold_a ordinary_a and_o twofold_a foot_n guardâ—_n twofold_a extraordinary_a the_o ordinary_a be_v those_o which_o be_v keep_v within_o the_o fortification_n for_o its_o necessary_a defence_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o the_o bastion_n curtain_n redoubt_n or_o sconce_n the_o extraordinary_a be_v such_o as_o be_v keep_v at_o the_o general_n lieutenant_z general_z or_o other_o general_a officer_n lodging_n at_o the_o proviant_a the_o wagon_n at_o the_o artillery_n and_o ammunition_n but_o observe_v that_o here_o the_o sentinel_n must_v stand_v with_o pike_n for_o be_v so_o near_o powder_n they_o be_v not_o permit_v to_o have_v burn_a match_n and_o consequent_o not_o to_o take_v tabaco_n there_o be_v also_o two_o kind_n of_o sentinel_n extraordinary_a sentinel_n and_o ordinary_a one_o the_o extraordinary_a sentinel_n be_v those_o we_o call_v forlorn_a the_o word_n we_o horrid_a forlorn_a sentinel_n or_o perdues_z of_o horrid_a have_v from_o the_o dutch_a which_o signify_v lose_v the_o french_a call_v they_o perdues_z which_o be_v the_o same_o there_o be_v of_o they_o both_o horse_n and_o foot_n the_o first_o sit_v on_o horse_n back_o with_o his_o ordinary_a arm_n the_o foot_n perdue_n lie_v on_o his_o belly_n but_o have_v foot_n forlorn_a sentinel_n of_o foot_n neither_o musket_n fusee_fw-fr or_o carabine_n only_o a_o sword_n draw_v and_o if_o he_o be_v master_n of_o a_o dagger_n and_o a_o pistol_n he_o may_v have_v they_o too_o he_o be_v call_v lose_v because_o he_o be_v put_v in_o the_o most_o dangerous_a place_n and_o near_a the_o enemy_n neither_o be_v he_o to_o come_v back_o if_o he_o be_v only_o attack_v by_o one_o man_n if_o by_o two_o he_o may_v retire_v to_o the_o next_o perdue_n if_o there_o be_v any_o but_o if_o a_o great_a number_n than_o two_o come_v upon_o they_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o run_v quick_o and_o alarm_n that_o guard_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v in_o this_o place_n speak_v of_o a_o alarm_n i_o wonder_v why_o monsieur_n de_fw-fr gaya_n in_o the_o 82_o page_n of_o his_o book_n tell_v we_o that_o in_o garrison_n when_o alarm_n be_v beat_v or_o sound_v all_o soldier_n shall_v first_o meet_v at_o their_o captain_n house_n and_o from_o thence_o march_v to_o the_o place_n appoint_v for_o they_o to_o maintain_v this_o to_o i_o seem_v very_o strange_a doctrine_n unless_o he_o have_v assurance_n that_o a_o enemy_n will_v neither_o enter_v nor_o scalade_n till_o his_o soldier_n first_o very_o fair_o meet_v at_o their_o captain_n lodging_n and_o then_o march_v to_o their_o post_n but_o by_o his_o favour_n i_o hold_v it_o more_o convenient_a that_o the_o soldier_n run_v as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v though_o man_n by_o man_n â—_o la_fw-fr desbandad_o direct_o to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o rampart_n or_o retrenchment_n ordain_v for_o they_o to_o defend_v common_o call_v post_n or_o alarm-place_n without_o take_v notice_n of_o their_o captain_n quarter_n we_o make_v it_o the_o sergeant_n duty_n to_o place_v the_o foot_n perdues_z at_o these_o post_n appoint_v by_o the_o sergeant_n major_n but_o i_o have_v know_v it_o do_v by_o the_o furâ—r_n or_o caporal_a of_o the_o gentleman_n and_o where_o such_o a_o officer_n be_v allow_v it_o seem_v to_o belong_v to_o his_o office_n and_o not_o to_o the_o sergeant_n who_o have_v employment_n enough_o beside_o he_o who_o be_v to_o be_v perdue_n shall_v be_v a_o gentleman_n of_o the_o company_n who_o the_o french_a call_n appoint_v and_o where_o these_o have_v no_o allowance_n of_o pay_n the_o captain_n shall_v make_v choice_n of_o some_o who_o by_o their_o birth_n and_o behaviour_n he_o conceive_v most_o fit_a for_o that_o employment_n the_o furer_n or_o sergeant_n be_v to_o bring_v the_o forlorn_a to_o his_o post_n and_o bring_v the_o other_o away_o with_o he_o he_o be_v also_o oblige_v frequent_o to_o visit_v his_o perdues_z for_o veâ—y_n often_o if_o they_o be_v not_o vigilant_a they_o be_v steal_v away_o bâ—_n a_o active_a enemy_n and_o therefore_o no_o perdues_z either_o of_o horse_n or_o foot_n shall_v be_v entrust_v with_o the_o word_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o give_v it_o to_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o happen_v to_o be_v take_v a_o better_a order_n in_o my_o opinion_n than_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n who_o entrust_v their_o common_a soldier_n with_o the_o tessera_fw-la our_o forlorn_a sentinel_n be_v much_o use_v in_o the_o field_n when_o two_o army_n lyâ—_n near_o other_o wait_v their_o advantage_n but_o they_o be_v especial_o make_v use_n of_o at_o sieges_n of_o town_n fort_n and_o castle_n the_o ordinary_a sentinel_n if_o he_o belong_v to_o the_o cavalry_n stand_v on_o horseback_n foot_n ordinary_a sentinel_n of_o horse_n of_o foot_n the_o footman_n whether_o it_o be_v in_o camp_n town_n or_o garrison_n stand_v with_o his_o ordinary_a arm_n it_o be_v true_a i_o have_v see_v gentleman_n of_o company_n stand_v with_o draw_v sword_n at_o the_o chamber-door_n of_o prince_n when_o they_o have_v be_v visit_v garrison_n but_o notwithstanding_o that_o all_o foot_n soldier_n shall_v stand_v without_o duty_n their_o duty_n door_n with_o their_o ordinary_a arm_n whether_o tâ—â—_n be_v pike_n or_o musket_n when_o they_o be_v sentinel_n and_o constant_o at_o their_o seâ—â—â—nel_n posture_n neither_o shall_v any_o of_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o set_v down_o their_o arm_n the_o whole_a time_n they_o be_v on_o that_o duty_n but_o if_o they_o be_v weary_a they_o may_v shoulder_v their_o pike_n or_o musket_n and_o walk_v to_o and_o fro_o with_o they_o and_o so_o refresh_v themselves_o but_o at_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o commissionated_a officer_n they_o be_v immediate_o to_o return_v to_o their_o sentinel-posture_n yet_o they_o be_v never_o suffer_v to_o set_v their_o arm_n out_o of_o their_o hand_n but_o this_o be_v too_o much_o connive_v at_o by_o officer_n who_o thereby_o show_v
where_o ordinary_o clock_n do_v not_o strike_v nor_o bell_n ring_n than_o the_o caporal_n be_v to_o have_v allowance_n of_o match_n which_o they_o call_v passelunt_a whereby_o they_o regulate_v passelunt_n passelunt_n themselves_o to_o relieve_v their_o sentinel_n when_o six_o seven_o eight_o or_o nine_o inch_n of_o it_o be_v burn_v in_o camp_n and_o garrison_n drummer_n be_v to_o beat_v taptoo_o at_o night_n and_o in_o the_o morning_n revallie_o this_o word_n zapzu_n or_o taptoo_n be_v high_a and_o and_o low_a dutch_a and_o taptoo_n taptoo_n signify_v no_o more_o drink_n to_o be_v tap_v or_o sell_v and_o be_v not_o as_o some_o fancy_n to_o advertise_v the_o guard_n to_o place_v their_o night_n sentinel_n but_o to_o acquaint_v sutler_n to_z sell_v no_o more_o drink_n and_o soldier_n to_o go_v home_o to_o their_o lodging_n and_o who_o be_v find_v out_o of_o their_o quarter_n after_o it_o aught_o to_o be_v punish_v it_o shall_v be_v â—eat_n constant_o at_o one_o hour_n summer_n and_o winter_n and_o ten_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n be_v a_o proper_a time_n for_o it_o but_o by-guard_n as_o they_o be_v call_v and_o night_n sentinel_n be_v to_o be_v put_v to_o their_o by-guard_n night_n sentinel_n and_o by-guard_n post_n when_o daylight_n be_v well_o near_o spend_v and_o this_o in_o winter_n will_v be_v about_o four_o and_o in_o summer_n about_o ten_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n neither_o ought_v the_o last_o night_n sentinel_n to_o leave_v their_o post_n till_o the_o diana_n or_o revallie_o beat_v which_o can_v be_v do_v at_o one_o constant_a hour_n as_o the_o taptoo_n for_o in_o winter_n it_o may_v be_v eight_o and_o in_o summer_n three_o or_o four_o in_o the_o morning_n and_o beat_v it_o shall_v not_o till_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o watch_n give_v order_n for_o it_o and_o he_o be_v not_o to_o take_v up_o his_o measure_n by_o daylight_n revallie_o diana_n travaille_n or_o revallie_o but_o by_o the_o clearness_n darkness_n or_o mistiness_n of_o the_o morning_n the_o night_n sentinel_n be_v to_o continue_v on_o their_o duty_n till_o they_o can_v discover_v all_o the_o field_n about_o they_o when_o by_o order_n of_o the_o colonel_n or_o captain_n of_o the_o watch_n the_o diana_n be_v beat_v at_o the_o head_n watch_n all_o the_o drummer_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o guard_n ought_v immediate_o to_o beat_v and_o then_o the_o night_n watch_v and_o sentinel_n come_v to_o their_o several_a guard_n it_o be_v then_o also_o that_o the_o soldier_n who_o have_v be_v in_o their_o quarter_n or_o hut_v all_o night_n and_o either_o townsman_n or_o country_n people_n who_o be_v order_v to_o work_v at_o the_o fortification_n either_o of_o town_n or_o camp_n be_v to_o go_v to_o their_o work_n and_o therefore_o this_o beat_n of_o the_o drum_n in_o the_o morning_n i_o think_v be_v more_o proper_o call_v travaille_n than_o revallie_o chap._n xxii_o of_o thing_n previous_a to_o a_o battle_n of_o a_o battle_n itself_o and_o of_o thing_n after_o a_o battle_n of_o all_o martial_a act_n to_o fight_v a_o battle_n well_o and_o gain_v the_o victory_n be_v of_o the_o high_a importance_n and_o make_v the_o prince_n or_o his_o general_n most_o renown_v it_o be_v this_o and_o neither_o retreat_n nor_o take_v town_n though_o both_o these_o show_v the_o qualification_n of_o a_o excellent_a captain_n that_o crown_v they_o with_o laurel_n by_o the_o win_n of_o battle_n sometime_o one_o sometime_o more_o kingdom_n be_v gain_v by_o one_o party_n and_o lose_v by_o another_o let_v we_o then_o take_v a_o view_n of_o those_o thing_n that_o shall_v be_v advert_v to_o before_o so_o great_a a_o hazard_n be_v make_v most_o man_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o he_o who_o have_v the_o conduct_n of_o a_o army_n shall_v never_o choose_v general_n shall_v not_o be_v force_v to_o fight_v if_o they_o can_v choose_v suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v force_v to_o fight_v i_o say_v so_o too_o if_o he_o can_v help_v it_o and_o what_o be_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o but_o that_o his_o intelligence_n shall_v be_v so_o good_a that_o if_o he_o intend_v not_o to_o fight_v he_o shall_v either_o quick_o get_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o way_n or_o strong_o entrench_v his_o army_n in_o a_o place_n where_o he_o can_v want_v provision_n but_o when_o he_o have_v do_v either_o of_o the_o two_o he_o may_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v for_o who_o can_v save_v his_o army_n without_o fight_v if_o his_o enemy_n storm_v his_o retrenchment_n or_o in_o his_o retreat_n pursue_v he_o fierce_o and_o powerful_o to_o force_v a_o enemy_n to_o fight_v well_o to_o force_v a_o enemy_n to_o battle_n succeed_v sometime_o well_o have_v a_o doubtful_a event_n for_o many_o time_n it_o succeed_v well_o as_o it_o do_v with_o alexander_n at_o arbela_n against_o darius_n with_o scipio_n against_o hannibal_n at_o zama_n with_o his_o brother_n against_o antiochus_n in_o asia_n with_o charles_n the_o five_o against_o the_o king_n of_o france_n at_o pavia_n and_o gustavus_n his_o army_n against_o wallenstein_n at_o lutsen_n yet_o peruse_v history_n you_o will_v find_v that_o many_o more_o have_v lose_v than_o ever_o gain_v by_o it_o take_v a_o few_o instance_n edward_n the_o black_a prince_n be_v force_v to_o fight_v at_o poiâ—tiers_n so_o be_v henry_n the_o five_o of_o england_n at_o agincourt_n yet_o both_o gain_v glorious_a victory_n harold_n when_o he_o may_v have_v protract_v the_o war_n be_v master_n of_o all_o england_n force_v william_n of_o normandy_n to_o fight_v and_o thereby_o lose_v both_o his_o crown_n and_o his_o life_n edward_n the_o second_o of_o england_n force_v robert_n bruce_n ill_o sometime_o very_o ill_o king_n of_o scotland_n to_o fight_v at_o bannockburne_n but_o lose_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o most_o of_o his_o numerous_a army_n julius_n caesar_n make_v himself_o constant_o master_n of_o his_o own_o diet_n either_o by_o entrench_v or_o retire_v so_o that_o he_o be_v never_o force_v to_o fight_v but_o when_o he_o please_v but_o when_o he_o force_v pompey_n he_o try_v both_o fortune_n at_o dirrhachium_n he_o be_v beat_v off_o with_o loss_n and_o be_v glad_a to_o retire_v which_o indeed_o he_o do_v with_o admirable_a prudence_n and_o courage_n at_o pharsalia_n he_o brave_v the_o same_o pompey_n to_o battle_n which_o so_o soon_o as_o he_o accept_v caesar_n get_v the_o victory_n yet_o it_o seem_v most_o agreeable_a to_o reason_n that_o man_n shall_v fight_v well_o when_o they_o be_v force_v to_o fight_v despair_v whet_v their_o courage_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n many_o captain_n take_v away_o all_o mean_n of_o escape_n from_o their_o own_o army_n to_o make_v they_o sensible_a their_o safety_n be_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o not_o in_o their_o foot_n and_o withal_o they_o leave_v a_o open_a way_n for_o their_o enemy_n to_o run_v away_o and_o hence_o be_v the_o common_a maxim_n in_o war_n that_o a_o bridge_n of_o gold_n shall_v be_v make_v for_o a_o fly_a bridge_n a_o golden_a bridge_n enemy_n before_o a_o battle_n it_o be_v fit_a to_o view_v a_o enemy_n countenance_n and_o try_v his_o courage_n by_o frequent_a skirmish_n and_o these_o very_a oft_o each_o army_n send_v help_n to_o their_o own_o party_n draw_v on_o a_o battle_n insensible_o good_a intelligence_n if_o possible_a intelligence_n intelligence_n shall_v be_v have_v of_o his_o number_n of_o horse_n foot_n and_o artillery_n and_o in_o which_o of_o these_o his_o great_a strength_n lie_v but_o i_o will_v repeat_v nothing_o in_o this_o place_n of_o what_o i_o have_v say_v in_o my_o discourse_n of_o intelligence_n in_o the_o next_o place_n our_o general_n shall_v view_v if_o he_o have_v time_n and_o opportunity_n for_o it_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o field_n field_n situation_n of_o the_o field_n where_o both_o his_o own_o and_o his_o enemy_n army_n be_v to_o fight_v that_o according_o he_o may_v either_o lay_v ambush_n or_o shun_v they_o this_o be_v one_o of_o hannibal_n masterpiece_n he_o shall_v take_v notice_n how_o the_o wind_n blow_v that_o according_o by_o the_o wind._n the_o wind._n order_n his_o batallion_n he_o may_v take_v the_o advantage_n of_o it_o he_o shall_v cast_v up_o his_o account_n how_o the_o sun_n will_v shine_v if_o it_o be_v a_o fair_a day_n at_o such_o hour_n when_o he_o sun_n the_o sun_n conceive_v the_o fight_n will_v begin_v that_o thereby_o he_o may_v oâ—der_v his_o affair_n if_o his_o intelligence_n be_v good_a within_o his_o enemy_n army_n he_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o stir_v up_o jealousy_n division_n and_o dissension_n in_o it_o and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o these_o if_o his_o jealous_a to_o make_v a_o enemy_n jealous_a friend_n give_v he_o the_o sign_n fall_v upon_o he_o after_o his_o army_n be_v marshal_v if_o he_o have_v tiâ—e_a he_o shall_v ride_v along_o the_o front_n of_o all_o his_o brigade_n and_o by_o short_a
hand_n of_o the_o battle_n before_o the_o battle_n begin_v there_o use_v to_o be_v fore-party_n of_o both_o horse_n and_o hope_n forlorn_a hope_n foot_n send_v out_o to_o skirmish_n these_o be_v call_v forlorn_a hope_n and_o enfans_fw-fr perdues_z those_o of_o the_o foot_n shall_v advance_v one_o hundred_o pace_n before_o the_o body_n those_o of_o the_o horse_n further_o but_o i_o find_v at_o the_o battle_n fight_v both_o at_o dreux_n and_o st._n dennis_n between_o the_o protestant_n and_o roman_a catholic_n of_o france_n none_o of_o those_o forlorn_a hope_n be_v make_v use_n of_o at_o all_o and_o as_o few_o be_v use_v at_o lutsen_n where_o gustavus_n adolphus_n lose_v his_o life_n when_o a_o enemy_n be_v marshal_v his_o army_n your_o artillery_n shall_v incessant_o enemy_n to_o advance_v on_o a_o enemy_n play_v upon_o he_o to_o hinder_v he_o all_o you_o may_v to_o order_v his_o affair_n and_o if_o your_o battle_n be_v already_o marshal_v under_o the_o shelter_n of_o your_o ordnance_n you_o shall_v advance_v and_o take_v your_o advantage_n of_o he_o before_o his_o batallion_n or_o squadron_n be_v draw_v up_o but_o in_o so_o good_a order_n that_o the_o scene_n be_v not_o change_v that_o by_o your_o precipitation_n you_o give_v not_o he_o a_o opportunity_n to_o take_v advantage_n of_o you_o your_o advance_n on_o a_o enemy_n in_o what_o posture_n soever_o he_o be_v shall_v be_v with_o a_o constant_a firm_a and_o steady_a pace_n the_o musketeer_n whether_o they_o be_v on_o the_o flank_n or_o interline_v with_o either_o the_o horse_n or_o the_o pike_n fire_v all_o the_o while_n but_o when_o you_o come_v within_o pistol-shot_n you_o shall_v double_v your_o pace_n till_o your_o pike_n close_o ser_v together_o charge_v these_o whether_o horse_n or_o foot_n who_o they_o find_v before_o they_o it_o be_v true_a the_o business_n very_o oft_o come_v not_o to_o push_v of_o pike_n but_o it_o have_v and_o may_v come_v oft_o to_o it_o and_o then_o pike-man_n be_v very_o serviceable_a if_o a_o misfortune_n fall_v out_o that_o a_o brigade_n regiment_n or_o other_o part_n of_o a_o army_n be_v beat_v or_o begin_v to_o run_v and_o quit_v the_o field_n this_o shall_v be_v conceal_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o soldier_n tell_v that_o the_o enemy_n in_o other_o place_n be_v beat_v and_o if_o they_o fight_v but_o a_o little_a the_o victory_n will_v be_v instant_o they_o i_o shall_v not_o speak_v here_o of_o what_o advantage_n a_o large_a front_n be_v have_v do_v it_o so_o often_o before_o but_o if_o a_o general_n perceive_v that_o the_o business_n may_v be_v quick_o decide_v rankâ—_n to_o marshal_v the_o foot_n in_o three_o rankâ—_n i_o think_v he_o shall_v double_v the_o front_n of_o his_o foot_n and_o make_v but_o three_o rank_n where_o former_o they_o be_v six_o and_o so_o be_v able_a to_o out-wing_n his_o enemy_n he_o may_v fall_v on_o his_o flank_n for_o at_o no_o extraordinary_a march_n a_o army_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o push_v of_o pike_n before_o three_o rank_n of_o musketeer_n have_v fire_v successive_o if_o they_o do_v not_o begin_v to_o fire_n till_o they_o be_v within_o distance_n less_o than_o musket-shot_a and_o after_o they_o have_v give_v their_o three_o volley_n than_o they_o may_v give_v the_o four_o which_o will_v signify_v as_o much_o if_o not_o more_o than_o all_o the_o three_o by_o kneel_v stoop_a and_o stand_v whereof_o i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o chapter_n when_o any_o regiment_n or_o brigade_n run_v or_o offer_v to_o quit_v the_o field_n the_o reserve_v behind_o shall_v be_v order_v immediate_o to_o advance_v and_o encounter_v the_o victorious_a enemy_n who_o will_v hardly_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v that_o fresh_a charge_n for_o it_o may_v be_v almost_o receive_v as_o a_o maxim_n that_o a_o troop_n regiment_n or_o brigade_n infallible_a a_o good_a rule_n but_o not_o infallible_a how_o strong_a soever_o it_o be_v which_o have_v fight_v with_o and_o beat_v that_o body_n of_o equal_a number_n that_o stand_v against_o it_o may_v be_v easy_o rout_v by_o a_o troop_n regiment_n or_o brigade_n that_o have_v not_o fight_v though_o far_o inferior_a in_o number_n if_o any_o part_n of_o a_o army_n get_v the_o victory_n of_o those_o who_o stand_v against_o it_o he_o who_o command_v that_o part_n aught_o to_o send_v some_o troop_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o rout_v enemy_n and_o neglect_n not_o to_o fall_v on_o the_o flank_n of_o a_o enemy_n a_o great_a neglect_n with_o the_o rest_n fall_v on_o the_o flank_n of_o that_o batallion_n which_o stand_v next_o he_o and_o yet_o keep_v ground_n the_o neglect_n of_o this_o duty_n lose_v the_o famous_a general_n count_n tili_n the_o battle_n of_o leipsick_a for_o himself_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o imperial_a army_n beat_v the_o duke_n of_o saxe_n and_o his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o field_n who_o tili_n hot_o pursue_v do_v not_o fall_v on_o the_o left_a flank_n of_o the_o swedish_n army_n leave_v naked_a inflance_v inflance_v by_o the_o flight_n of_o the_o saxon_n but_o at_o that_o same_o time_n the_o king_n of_o sweden_n who_o be_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o his_o own_o army_n have_v rout_v count_n pappenheim_n who_o victory_n the_o do_v it_o contribute_v to_o the_o victory_n command_v the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o imperialist_n upon_o which_o that_o martial_a king_n do_v not_o fail_v to_o charge_v the_o flank_n of_o the_o imperial_a battle_n which_o be_v leave_v naked_a by_o pappenheim_n flight_n and_o this_o help_v to_o procure_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o sweed_n as_o i_o tell_v you_o in_o another_o place_n banier_n right_a wing_n be_v well_o near_o beat_v at_o woodstock_n nor_o do_v the_o reserve_n come_v so_o soon_o to_o his_o succour_n about_o that_o same_o instance_a instance_a time_n lieutenant_n general_n king_n have_v rout_v the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o imperial_a army_n and_o with_o it_o bear_v down_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o their_o reserve_n and_o â—â—ll_v on_o the_o right_a flank_n of_o their_o battle_n which_o yet_o dispute_v their_o ground_n with_o felt-marshal_n leslie_n who_o thereupon_o cast_v down_o their_o arm_n and_o yield_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o swede_n and_o the_o mention_v this_o victory_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n to_o advertise_v all_o officer_n of_o foot_n not_o to_o teach_v their_o musketeer_n to_o neglect_v the_o use_n of_o their_o rammer_n a_o lesson_n too_o often_o teach_v and_o practise_v for_o at_o this_o bartel_n i_o speak_v of_o the_o imperial_a foot_n be_v on_o a_o hill_n up_o which_o leslie_n advance_v with_o his_o infantry_n but_o neither_o he_o nor_o the_o imperial_a musketer_n make_v use_v of_o rammer_n only_o as_o the_o common_a custom_n be_v when_o they_o charge_v with_o ball_n they_o knock_v the_o butt_n of_o their_o musket_n at_o their_o right_a foot_n by_o which_o mean_v most_o of_o the_o bullet_n of_o the_o imperial_a and_o saxish_a fire-man_n fall_v out_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o musket_n when_o they_o present_v they_o down_o the_o hill_n upon_o the_o sweed_n who_o bullet_n can_v not_o run_v that_o fortune_n be_v present_v upward_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n it_o be_v observe_v that_o few_o of_o the_o sweedish_a foot_n fall_v when_o a_o reserve_v or_o a_o part_n of_o it_o advance_v those_o who_o flee_v have_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o rally_v and_o in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o second_v the_o reserve_v and_o though_o rally_v to_o rally_v rally_v at_o so_o near_o a_o distance_n be_v not_o frequent_o see_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o banish_v out_o of_o the_o modern_a war_n or_o army_n at_o dreux_n both_o army_n rally_v twice_o or_o thrice_o with_o various_a success_n the_o general_n of_o both_o army_n be_v both_o make_v prisoner_n and_o at_o lutsen_n both_o army_n rally_v often_o for_o they_o fight_v from_o morning_n till_o night_n must_v of_o the_o imperial_a cannon_n be_v twice_o take_v be_v as_o oft_o retake_v enemy_n fresh_a succour_n in_o time_n of_o battle_n discourage_v a_o enemy_n some_o great_a captain_n have_v think_v it_o fit_a in_o time_n of_o battle_n to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o their_o waggonman_n carter_n and_o baggage-man_n at_o a_o distance_n as_o if_o they_o be_v succour_n new_o arrive_v and_o certain_o nothing_o terrify_v a_o army_n more_o in_o time_n of_o equal_a sight_n than_o a_o unexpected_a enemy_n as_o robert_n duke_n of_o normandy_n fortunate_a arrival_n in_o the_o time_n of_o battle_n between_o godfrey_n of_o bovillon_n and_o instance_n instance_n the_o saracen_n in_o the_o holy_a land_n deliver_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o christian_n but_o these_o feign_a muster_n of_o baggage-man_n and_o carriage-horse_n produce_v not_o always_o happy_a false_a show_v sometime_o happy_a the_o wish_a effect_n sulpitius_n a_o roman_a dictator_n be_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o gaul_n order_v
all_o that_o attend_v the_o baggage_n of_o his_o army_n to_o mount_v upon_o mule_n and_o sumpter-horse_n and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o some_o near_a hill_n and_o wood_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o fight_n to_o make_v a_o show_n as_o if_o they_o will_v cut_v off_o the_o gaul_n pass_v to_o their_o camp_n which_o the_o muleteer_n do_v upon_o a_o sign_n from_o the_o dictator_n the_o gaul_n immediate_o flee_v such_o a_o stratagein_o do_v king_n robert_n bruce_n happy_o use_v against_o edward_n the_o second_o of_o england_n in_o the_o battle_n near_o sterling_n but_o always_o not_o always_o the_o like_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o french_a at_o agincourt_n against_o henry_n the_o five_o king_n of_o england_n have_v a_o issue_n contrary_a to_o the_o thing_n intend_v it_o have_v be_v always_o and_o ever_o will_v be_v a_o rule_n of_o war_n thaâ—_n no_o man_n offer_v to_o plunder_v or_o look_v for_o booty_n till_o the_o enemy_n be_v total_o rout_v and_o chase_v rout_v no_o plunder_v till_o a_o enemy_n be_v total_o rout_v out_o of_o the_o field_n but_o for_o most_o part_n it_o be_v ill_o observe_v when_o parmenio_n at_o arbela_n send_v word_n to_o his_o master_n alexander_n that_o the_o perstans_fw-la be_v fall_v on_o the_o baggage_n which_o be_v but_o slender_o guard_v it_o be_v well_o answer_v of_o that_o great_a prince_n let_v say_v he_o the_o enemy_n be_v master_n of_o all_o the_o good_n that_o belong_v to_o my_o army_n so_o i_o over_o master_v he_o for_o than_o i_o shall_v recover_v my_o own_o and_o get_v his_o to_o boot_n the_o not_o observe_v this_o rule_n lose_v the_o christian_n the_o victory_n against_o the_o turk_n at_o agria_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o janquo_n in_o bohemia_n in_o the_o year_n 1644._o if_o i_o mistake_v instanced_a instanced_a not_o the_o imperialist_n be_v well_o near_a master_n of_o the_o field_n in_o so_o far_o that_o several_a brigade_n of_o the_o swede_n have_v run_v away_o and_o very_o many_o of_o their_o officer_n be_v take_v prisoner_n but_o they_o fall_v too_o soon_o to_o the_o plunder_v of_o the_o swedish_n wagon_n which_o torstensone_n christina_n felt-marshal_n do_v not_o offer_v to_o rescue_v though_o his_o own_o lady_n be_v take_v with_o they_o but_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o enemy_n disorder_n and_o with_o fresh_a and_o courageous_a troop_n pluck_v the_o victory_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n beat_v they_o out_o of_o the_o field_n recover_v his_o lady_n all_o his_o prisoner_n and_o baggage_n and_o make_v himself_o master_n of_o all_o the_o imperial_a coach_n and_o wagon_n take_v number_n of_o prisoner_n and_o among_o they_o him_z who_o command_v in_o chief_a the_o count_n of_o hatsfeld_n i_o know_v not_o how_o the_o proposition_n of_o some_o will_v relish_v with_o our_o great_a captain_n that_o some_o lusty_a strong_a man_n shall_v be_v arm_v with_o headpiece_n and_o corslet_n and_o long_a and_o large_a target_n all_o musket-proof_n and_o a_o rank_n of_o these_o ser_v together_o order_v to_o march_v before_o every_o batallion_n of_o pike_n and_o so_o protect_v they_o from_o shot_n till_o they_o be_v within_o two_o pike_n length_n of_o the_o enemy_n that_o they_o can_v make_v use_n of_o their_o own_o weapon_n but_o whether_o this_o be_v approve_v or_o not_o i_o think_v it_o will_v be_v of_o no_o great_a charge_n to_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o manage_v the_o war_n to_o order_v every_o pike_n man_n to_o have_v at_o his_o girdle_n a_o pistol_n with_o a_o barrel_n two_o foot_n long_o whereof_o the_o three_o first_o rank_n may_v make_v use_n before_o they_o present_v their_o pike_n and_o the_o other_o three_o fire_n over_o the_o head_n of_o those_o who_o be_v before_o they_o in_o the_o time_n they_o be_v charge_v now_o the_o battle_n be_v do_v and_o if_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o it_o have_v be_v so_o well_o fight_v battle_n thing_n to_o be_v do_v after_o the_o battle_n that_o none_o of_o the_o army_n can_v boast_v of_o victory_n but_o that_o both_o have_v leave_v the_o place_n of_o combat_n as_o it_o be_v by_o mutual_a consent_n or_o that_o they_o be_v part_v by_o night_n then_o either_o both_o prepare_v to_o fight_v next_o day_n or_o the_o one_o find_v those_o want_n of_o which_o the_o other_o have_v no_o knowledge_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o darkness_n and_o retire_v to_o some_o place_n of_o security_n where_o he_o may_v provide_v for_o his_o hurt_a man_n be_v furnish_v with_o what_o he_o want_v recruit_v his_o force_n and_o so_o give_v a_o stop_n to_o his_o enemy_n further_a progress_n and_o this_o no_o doubt_n be_v a_o tacit_a acknowledgement_n that_o he_o yield_v the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n to_o he_o who_o keep_v the_o field_n but_o this_o be_v never_o lay_v in_o balance_n by_o any_o prudent_a captain_n with_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o army_n the_o loss_n whereof_o may_v lose_v the_o prince_n his_o master_n more_o than_o such_o a_o punctilio_n of_o honour_n which_o at_o a_o more_o fortunate_a rencounter_n may_v quick_o be_v recover_v but_o if_o both_o resolve_v to_o try_v their_o fortune_n next_o day_n then_o both_o prepare_v for_o it_o the_o wounded_z be_v send_v away_o ammunition_n be_v give_v out_o and_o those_o who_o be_v sound_a be_v refresh_v and_o encourage_v this_o fall_v out_o but_o seldom_o though_o sometime_o it_o have_v happen_v the_o victory_n be_v pronounce_v to_o be_v his_o victory_n badge_n of_o victory_n who_o remain_v master_n of_o the_o ground_n where_o both_o fight_v and_o in_o ancient_a time_n he_o acknowledge_v himself_o to_o be_v vanquish_v who_o desire_v liberty_n to_o bury_v his_o dead_a bernard_n duke_n of_o saxon_n weymar_n have_v besiege_v reinfeld_n and_o two_o imperial_a army_n come_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n he_o fight_v both_o till_o night_n part_v the_o fray_n but_o with_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o imperialist_n get_v between_o he_o and_o the_o besiege_a town_n and_o so_o succour_v it_o upon_o which_o the_o duke_n retire_v and_o leave_v his_o enemy_n the_o badge_n of_o victory_n but_o with_o a_o resolution_n to_o return_v and_o throw_v the_o dye_n of_o war_n once_o more_o as_o he_o do_v as_o you_o shall_v hear_v anon_o when_o a_o entire_a victory_n be_v obtain_v he_o who_o have_v lose_v the_o day_n shall_v not_o lose_v do_v what_o a_o vanquish_a general_n shall_v do_v his_o courage_n too_o but_o aught_o to_o gather_v up_o his_o shipwreck_n rally_v his_o disperse_a and_o break_a troop_n get_v new_a recruit_n dissemble_v his_o loss_n encourage_v his_o party_n and_o draw_v to_o a_o head_n again_o these_o be_v thing_n practise_v by_o all_o intelligent_a general_n withal_o he_o shall_v with_o all_o convenient_a diligence_n send_v a_o trumpeter_n to_o the_o victorious_a general_n to_o demand_v a_o list_n of_o his_o prisoner_n which_o when_o he_o have_v get_v he_o shall_v make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o get_v they_o ransom_v or_o exchange_v and_o this_o be_v a_o duty_n he_o owe_v to_o prudence_n honour_n and_o conscience_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o who_o have_v gain_v the_o victory_n may_v lose_v himself_o if_o he_o be_v do_v what_o a_o victorious_a general_n shall_v do_v secure_a for_o a_o resolute_a enemy_n may_v soon_o take_v he_o nap_v as_o that_o same_o duke_n of_o weymar_n do_v the_o imperial_a army_n that_o have_v beat_v he_o for_o have_v get_v together_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n that_o be_v not_o with_o he_o at_o his_o late_a overthrow_n he_o return_v and_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o imperialist_n who_o dream_v of_o no_o such_o thing_n and_o obtain_v so_o complete_a a_o victory_n over_o they_o that_o he_o make_v all_o the_o general_a person_n his_o prisoner_n who_o be_v lead_v into_o paris_n in_o triumph_n duc_n de_fw-fr savelli_n a_o italian_a be_v one_o of_o they_o who_o escape_v afterward_o out_o of_o prison_n but_o the_o deep_a contemplation_n of_o the_o sudden_a change_n of_o fortune_n in_o his_o military_a employment_n move_v he_o to_o make_v a_o exchange_n of_o his_o helmet_n with_o a_o cardinal_n cap._n it_o be_v for_o that_o that_o he_o who_o command_v a_o victorious_a army_n shall_v not_o in_o sloth_n pass_v away_o his_o time_n but_o improve_v his_o victory_n to_o the_o great_a advantage_n of_o his_o master_n and_o not_o be_v guilty_a of_o that_o whereof_o one_o of_o the_o great_a captain_n among_o the_o ancient_n hannibal_n be_v tax_v that_o he_o know_v not_o how_o to_o use_v victory_n whereof_o two_o other_o one_o before_o he_o and_o another_o after_o he_o can_v never_o be_v accuse_v and_o those_o be_v the_o great_a alexander_n and_o the_o great_a julius_n caesar_n chap._n xxiii_o of_o retreat_n to_o retire_v after_o a_o battle_n or_o a_o brisk_a rencounter_n lead_v i_o to_o speak_v of_o retreat_n next_o the_o sight_v well_o and_o win_v of_o a_o battle_n the_o three_o great_a
masterpiece_n of_o a_o captain_n be_v to_o make_v a_o retreat_n to_o take_v a_o fortify_v place_n captain_n four_o masterpiece_n of_o a_o great_a captain_n and_o to_o defend_v one_o of_o the_o first_o i_o shall_v speak_v in_o this_o of_o the_o other_o two_o in_o the_o two_o follow_a chapter_n here_o i_o be_o not_o to_o speak_v of_o those_o petty_a retreat_n which_o party_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n make_v purposely_o dissemble_v fear_n to_o make_v a_o unwary_a enemy_n follow_v too_o eager_o till_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o that_o ambush_n prepare_v to_o entrap_v he_o as_o be_v frequent_o practise_v in_o skirmish_n when_o two_o army_n face_n each_o other_o or_o in_o battle_n when_o they_o fight_v or_o when_o either_o a_o army_n or_o a_o strong_a party_n face_v a_o town_n whether_o it_o be_v block_v up_o or_o not_o but_o this_o discourse_n be_v of_o the_o retreat_n of_o a_o army_n from_o the_o post_n it_o once_o undertake_v to_o maintain_v from_o the_o country_n through_o which_o it_o once_o intend_v to_o march_v or_o from_o the_o town_n castle_n or_o fort_n which_o it_o once_o intend_v to_o besiege_v or_o block_n up_o the_o occasion_n of_o retreat_n may_v be_v these_o pestilence_n flux_n or_o other_o contagious_a retreat_n occasion_n and_o reason_n of_o retreat_n disease_n in_o the_o army_n want_v of_o provision_n and_o munition_n the_o approach_n of_o a_o unexpected_a or_o a_o strong_a enemy_n some_o disorder_n discontent_n or_o mutiny_n or_o just_a apprehension_n of_o they_o the_o courageous_a or_o sometime_o obstinate_a hold_v out_o of_o a_o fortify_v place_n contrary_a to_o expectation_n the_o sudden_a diminution_n of_o the_o army_n by_o some_o accident_n of_o war_n not_o foresee_v or_o to_o join_v with_o those_o force_n who_o be_v come_v to_o strengthen_v the_o army_n which_o conjunction_n without_o such_o a_o retreat_n may_v be_v hinder_v by_o a_o active_a enemy_n or_o though_o none_o of_o those_o be_v yet_o he_o who_o command_v a_o army_n often_o retire_v for_o reason_n know_v only_o to_o himself_o or_o when_o he_o think_v it_o not_o conducible_a for_o his_o master_n service_n to_o hazard_v battle_n with_o a_o enemy_n though_o no_o strong_a perhaps_o not_o so_o strong_a as_o himself_o to_o make_v a_o retreat_n from_o a_o advancing_z enemy_n or_o from_o army_n who_o conjunction_n can_v be_v hinder_v be_v not_o at_o all_o difficult_a if_o he_o who_o be_v to_o make_v it_o time_n retreat_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o time_n have_v so_o good_a intelligence_n as_o he_o may_v begin_v it_o in_o time_n but_o if_o it_o be_v bad_a or_o uncertain_a or_o that_o his_o scout_n and_o party_n disappoint_v he_o nothing_o be_v more_o difficult_a and_o in_o this_o place_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o my_o discourse_n of_o intelligence_n when_o a_o enemy_n be_v near_o order_n be_v give_v and_o obey_v with_o so_o great_a haste_n and_o confusion_n that_o the_o march_n look_v rather_o like_o a_o flight_n than_o a_o retreat_n and_o this_o have_v ruin_v many_o army_n and_o load_v their_o general_n with_o dishonour_n and_o disgrace_n if_o for_o want_n of_o good_a intelligence_n a_o enemy_n come_v unlooked_a for_o or_o that_o a_o general_n have_v fight_v with_o loss_n in_o both_o these_o case_n the_o retreat_n shall_v begin_v in_o the_o night_n it_o be_v true_a all_o retreat_n infuse_v fear_n in_o a_o army_n which_o be_v augment_v by_o the_o darkness_n and_o horror_n of_o the_o night_n and_o therefore_o the_o common_a soldier_n shall_v be_v encourage_v and_o tell_v by_o their_o several_a officer_n that_o the_o retreat_n will_v be_v but_o of_o a_o short_a continuance_n and_o that_o if_o a_o enemy_n follow_v they_o will_v face_v about_o and_o fight_v he_o but_o withal_o very_o strict_a and_o severe_a discipline_n shall_v be_v keep_v that_o none_o straggle_v for_o in_o such_o occasion_n they_o be_v very_o apt_a to_o run_v away_o and_o indeed_o at_o some_o time_n and_o in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v better_a to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n than_o to_o offer_v to_o retire_v for_o if_o a_o army_n must_v be_v lose_v it_o be_v do_v night_n to_o begin_v a_o retreat_n in_o the_o night_n with_o more_o honour_n by_o the_o first_o than_o by_o the_o last_o but_o if_o a_o enemy_n be_v near_o and_o a_o retreat_n be_v resolve_v on_o it_o shall_v i_o say_v begin_v in_o the_o night_n because_o in_o the_o day_n time_n it_o will_v be_v see_v and_o then_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v that_o a_o enemy_n will_v be_v so_o supine_o negligent_a as_o not_o to_o follow_v the_o rear_n immediate_o but_o though_o one_o enemy_n know_v of_o another_o dislodging_n yet_o he_o will_v be_v very_o cautious_a to_o pursue_v he_o in_o the_o night_n time_n have_v just_a reason_n to_o fear_v ambush_n and_o other_o stratagem_n and_o if_o a_o retire_a army_n get_v the_o advantage_n of_o one_o night_n march_v he_o who_o command_v it_o may_v next_o day_n possess_v himself_o of_o some_o fortify_v place_n or_o pass_v and_o thereby_o be_v able_a to_o force_v he_o who_o follow_v to_o stand_v and_o then_o he_o may_v advise_v whether_o retire_v in_o some_o case_n better_a fight_n than_o retire_v it_o will_v be_v more_o convenient_a for_o his_o affair_n to_o continue_v his_o retreat_n or_o to_o fight_v and_o many_o time_n this_o last_o succeed_v well_o but_o sometime_o it_o succeed_v ill_a but_o i_o say_v still_o better_a fight_n than_o still_o retire_v when_o the_o retreat_n can_v probable_o be_v make_v without_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o army_n a_o champain_n or_o a_o long_a heath_n a_o numerous_a cavalry_n of_o a_o pursue_a enemy_n the_o weariness_n of_o both_o man_n and_o horse_n of_o the_o retire_a army_n hunger_n and_o want_n of_o sleep_n very_o often_o render_v the_o fight_v a_o battle_n more_o feasible_a than_o a_o retreat_n cornelius_n arvina_n a_o roman_a dictator_n perceive_v the_o sabine_n will_v storm_v his_o camp_n not_o yet_o well_o fortify_v leave_v his_o fire_n all_o burn_a and_o retire_v in_o the_o dead_a time_n of_o the_o night_n instance_n instance_n with_o all_o imaginable_a silence_n and_o diligence_n but_o be_v overtake_v next_o morning_n and_o see_v he_o can_v not_o make_v his_o retreat_n good_a without_o a_o visible_a loss_n face_v about_o and_o fight_v with_o success_n cneius_n scipio_n speed_v not_o so_o well_o because_o he_o fight_v not_o in_o time_n this_o consul_n perceive_v three_o army_n against_o he_o in_o spain_n retire_v in_o the_o night_n time_n next_o day_n the_o enemy_n cavalry_n be_v in_o his_o rear_n with_o who_o he_o only_o skirmish_v but_o that_o retard_v his_o march_n so_o much_o that_o the_o carthaginian_a infantry_n reach_v he_o at_o night_n before_o he_o can_v entrench_v himself_o he_o fight_v they_o but_o be_v beat_v and_o kill_v but_o if_o he_o have_v face_v about_o in_o the_o day_n time_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fight_v the_o enemy_n cavalry_n he_o know_v not_o what_o effect_n it_o may_v have_v produce_v philip_n of_o macedon_n be_v worsted_n by_o the_o roman_n retire_v in_o the_o night_n time_n to_o the_o mountain_n and_o thereafter_o present_v they_o battle_n let_v we_o brief_o sum_n up_o some_o of_o hannibal_n retreat_n from_o the_o roman_n and_o they_o from_o he_o for_o they_o will_v very_o apt_o show_v the_o benefit_n and_o safety_n of_o night-retreat_n after_o this_o great_a carthaginian_a have_v fight_v marcellus_n at_o numistrâ—_n with_o equal_a he_o hannibal_n retreat_n from_o the_o roman_n and_o they_o from_o he_o fortune_n know_v his_o own_o want_n he_o dislodge_v in_o the_o night_n and_o retire_v marcellus_n know_v it_o but_o dare_v not_o follow_v he_o for_o fear_n of_o his_o ambush_n next_o year_n marcellus_n seek_v out_o his_o redoubt_a enemy_n find_v he_o at_o canusium_n fight_v with_o he_o and_o be_v beat_v but_o fight_v the_o next_o day_n and_o do_v beat_v hannibal_n into_o his_o camp_n out_o of_o which_o he_o retire_v that_o same_o night_n marcellus_n not_o dare_v to_o follow_v he_o in_o the_o bruâ—ian_a country_n the_o consul_n sempronius_n be_v worsted_n by_o hannibal_n and_o get_v he_o to_o his_o camp_n and_o in_o the_o night_n with_o great_a silence_n retire_v and_o join_v with_o the_o proconsul_n licinius_n return_n fight_v the_o carthaginian_a and_z defeat_v he_o and_o he_o in_o the_o night_n retire_v with_o safety_n to_o croton_n julius_n caesar_n intend_v to_o march_v away_o from_o pompey_n to_o appollâ—nia_n send_v away_o his_o sick_a man_n and_o baggage_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n well_o guard_v with_o a_o pompey_n caesar_n retrâ—â—â—_n from_o pompey_n legion_n at_o the_o four_o watch_n he_o send_v away_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n except_z two_o legion_n and_o the_o cavalry_n so_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v go_v to_o save_v a_o punctilio_fw-la of_o honour_n he_o cause_v a_o march_n to_o be_v sound_v
make_v useless_a by_o countermure_n and_o retrenchment_n but_o mine_n be_v more_o imperceptible_a yet_o they_o be_v dangerous_a work_n for_o they_o that_o be_v in_o they_o because_o of_o countermine_n which_o when_o the_o mine-master_n find_v he_o be_v to_o divert_v his_o course_n countermine_n countermine_n to_o the_o right_n or_o left_a hand_n or_o sink_v his_o mine_n deep_o and_o if_o the_o counterminer_n be_v under_o he_o he_o have_v need_n make_v haste_n and_o take_v his_o advantage_n by_o pierce_a hole_n and_o chase_v they_o away_o with_o scald_a water_n but_o take_v a_o few_o general_a rule_n for_o mine_n the_o entrance_n shall_v be_v seven_o foot_n high_a and_o five_o foot_n broad_a say_v some_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a and_o four_o broad_a say_v other_o this_o last_o and_o indeed_o perhaps_o no_o mine_n be_v for_o a_o fat_a corpulent_a man_n the_o mine_n all_o along_o mining_n general_a rule_n for_o mining_n must_v be_v line_v on_o both_o side_n and_o cover_v above_o with_o board_n and_o underpropt_v for_o keep_v up_o the_o earth_n the_o mouth_n of_o the_o mine_n shall_v be_v careful_o conceal_v from_o the_o besiege_a philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n who_o be_v afterward_o beat_v by_o the_o roman_a consul_n flaminius_n do_v not_o ill_a to_o cause_v a_o great_a heap_n of_o earth_n to_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o a_o besiege_a town_n there_o where_o his_o real_a mine_n be_v and_o so_o delude_v the_o besiege_a the_o height_n and_o breadth_n of_o the_o mine_n shall_v decrease_v and_o grow_v less_o by_o little_a and_o little_a from_o the_o entry_n till_o it_o arrive_v at_o the_o place_n which_o shall_v be_v undermine_v so_o that_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o furn_n shall_v be_v no_o wide_a than_o to_o receive_v the_o vessel_n wherein_o the_o powder_n be_v whether_o these_o be_v barrel_n or_o trough_n some_o will_v have_v this_o powder_n chamber_n to_o be_v six_o or_o seven_o foot_n high_a four_o or_o five_o broad_a and_o five_o or_o six_o long_a other_o say_v only_o four_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a high_a the_o breadth_n four_o or_o three_o foot_n and_o a_o half_a but_o i_o think_v assure_o it_o shall_v be_v proportion_v to_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o powder_n and_o the_o number_n of_o the_o vessel_n that_o be_v ordain_v to_o be_v put_v into_o it_o these_o furn_n shall_v be_v close_o and_o strong_o stop_v that_o the_o powder_n get_v no_o vent_n but_o that_o which_o natural_o it_o seek_v upward_o the_o train_n whereby_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o furn_n be_v to_o be_v fire_v train_n the_o train_n shall_v be_v so_o well_o order_v that_o it_o be_v not_o too_o long_o a_o fire_n for_o that_o disappoint_v they_o who_o be_v to_o storm_n make_v they_o apprehensive_a of_o danger_n of_o they_o know_v not_o what_o and_o this_o occasion_v the_o death_n of_o two_o french_a marshal_n within_o these_o forty_o year_n who_o admire_v why_o the_o mine_n do_v not_o spring_n after_o they_o have_v order_v the_o train_n to_o be_v fire_v go_v into_o the_o mine_n to_o know_v the_o cause_n where_o they_o both_o die_v the_o mine_n at_o their_o be_v there_o work_v its_o effect_n nor_o must_v it_o fire_v too_o soon_o lest_o he_o who_o fire_v the_o train_n be_v bury_v in_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o mine_n beside_o countermine_v spring_v what_o hinder_v mine_n to_o spring_v several_a thing_n hinder_v the_o effectual_a operation_n of_o a_o mine_n such_o be_v the_o ill_a stop_v the_o powder-chamber_n the_o weakness_n of_o the_o side_n occasion_v by_o countermine_n cave_n cavern_n and_o hollow_a ground_n as_o also_o the_o fail_n of_o the_o train_n in_o its_o duty_n by_o reason_n of_o its_o wetness_n moisture_n or_o some_o bad_a contrivance_n and_o the_o place_v the_o powder_n too_o low_a in_o the_o furn._n when_o a_o mine_n have_v spring_v if_o it_o cast_v the_o wall_n outward_o towards_o the_o besieger_n it_o make_v the_o entrance_n very_o difficult_a for_o the_o assailant_n if_o the_o defendant_n act_v their_o part_n with_o courage_n and_o it_o be_v just_a so_o with_o a_o breach_n after_o a_o battery_n which_o charles_n the_o five_o and_o his_o general_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n experiment_v at_o the_o memorable_a siege_n of_o metz._n when_o large_a breach_n be_v make_v by_o furious_a battery_n and_o that_o mine_n have_v assault_n assault_n operate_v happy_o than_o a_o universal_a assault_n shall_v be_v give_v by_o the_o whole_a besiege_a army_n each_o part_n of_o it_o be_v to_o storm_n at_o its_o assign_a post_n these_o assault_n be_v give_v resolute_o and_o continue_v obstinate_o though_o the_o first_o or_o second_o may_v perhaps_o be_v beat_v off_o will_v probable_o reduce_v the_o place_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v a_o noble_a part_n of_o the_o victorious_a general_n to_o order_v fair_a giveâ—_n fair_a quarter_n to_o be_v giveâ—_n quarter_n to_o be_v give_v or_o if_o the_o besiege_a have_v with_o too_o much_o obstinacy_n and_o upon_o weak_a ground_n by_o hold_v out_o too_o long_o and_o by_o make_v he_o spend_v too_o much_o of_o his_o time_n provoke_v he_o to_o wrath_n and_o revenge_n to_o make_v example_n of_o they_o to_o other_o he_o shall_v order_v no_o hurt_n to_o be_v do_v to_o woman_n old_a man_n and_o child_n and_o in_o one_o word_n to_o kill_v none_o but_o those_o who_o be_v find_v in_o arm_n but_o a_o promiscuous_a put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n spare_v neither_o sex_n nor_o agâ—_n be_v too_o often_o practise_v for_o the_o pillage_n the_o ancient_n use_v after_o the_o expugnation_n of_o town_n to_o bring_v it_o all_o to_o the_o treasurer_n lodging_n who_o sell_v it_o and_o distribute_v the_o money_n as_o he_o be_v appoint_v by_o the_o general_n sometime_o all_o of_o it_o to_o the_o army_n sometime_o a_o part_n of_o it_o and_o sometime_o none_o of_o it_o the_o like_a have_v be_v often_o practise_v in_o the_o modern_a war_n but_o the_o custom_n be_v almost_o wear_v out_o the_o plunder_n belong_v to_o those_o who_o can_v take_v it_o which_o be_v capiat_fw-la qui_fw-la capere_fw-la potest_fw-la and_o this_o be_v true_o a_o very_a unequal_a partition_n for_o those_o who_o stay_v in_o arm_n upon_o the_o wall_n or_o perhaps_o in_o the_o marketplace_n to_o make_v they_o good_a against_o any_o opposition_n may_v arise_v from_o hide_a reserve_v of_o the_o enemy_n share_v not_o so_o well_o as_o those_o who_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o plunder_n plunder_n enter_v run_v present_o to_o the_o plunder_n some_o prince_n and_o general_n give_v the_o pillage_n of_o town_n take_v by_o storm_n to_o their_o army_n for_o so_o many_o hour_n sometime_o for_o a_o day_n for_o two_o day_n or_o three_o day_n it_o be_v common_o think_v the_o prisoner_n and_o their_o ransom_n belong_v to_o those_o who_o take_v they_o and_o so_o it_o be_v common_o practise_v unless_o they_o be_v great_a officer_n and_o those_o shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o general_n yet_o that_o general_n shall_v be_v so_o generous_a as_o to_o bestow_v some_o handsome_a present_a or_o gift_n on_o those_o who_o take_v they_o which_o some_o do_v but_o many_o do_v not_o the_o ordnance_n and_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o it_o all_o public_a magazine_n of_o provision_n munition_n and_o arm_n belong_v to_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n who_o manage_v the_o war._n but_o if_o all_o assault_n be_v beat_v off_o and_o all_o the_o besieger_n have_v do_v have_v prove_v successless_a or_o that_o the_o besiege_v army_n be_v waste_v as_o no_o doubt_n it_o will_v diminish_v retire_v beason_n to_o leave_v a_o siege_n and_o retire_v every_o day_n or_o that_o a_o numerous_a and_o fresh_a succourse_n be_v expect_v or_o other_o unhappy_a accident_n fall_v out_o then_o a_o wise_a general_n will_v raise_v his_o siege_n in_o time_n and_o rather_o march_v away_o than_o be_v chase_v away_o and_o he_o shall_v go_v where_o he_o may_v refresh_v and_o recruit_v and_o be_v wise_a by_o the_o example_n of_o those_o otherwise_o renown_a prince_n and_o general_n who_o have_v obstinate_o continue_v sieges_n to_o their_o irreparable_a army_n obstinacy_n in_o continue_v they_o lose_v army_n loss_n and_o danger_n so_o do_v lautrec_n a_o great_a captain_n continue_v the_o siege_n of_o naples_n fight_v against_o a_o redoubt_a and_o courageous_a enemy_n within_o the_o city_n and_o a_o contagious_a disease_n which_o rage_v within_o the_o bowel_n of_o his_o own_o army_n which_o occasion_v first_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o own_o life_n second_o the_o ignominious_a rout_n instance_n instance_n and_o destruction_n of_o all_o his_o force_n and_o three_o the_o utter_a undo_n of_o the_o french_a interest_n in_o that_o kingdom_n to_o this_o very_a hour_n so_o charles_n the_o five_o a_o fortunate_a and_o warlike_a emperor_n and_o his_o general_n the_o duke_n of_o alva_n a_o renown_a captain_n continue_v the_o siege_n of_o metz_n which_o be_v
of_o the_o first_o can_v not_o excuse_v the_o foul_a breach_n of_o the_o second_o the_o famous_a bernard_n duke_n of_o weymar_n have_v almost_o do_v in_o passion_n such_o a_o disavowable_a act_n the_o case_n be_v this_o brisac_n be_v reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n the_o noble_a duke_n though_o he_o know_v all_o their_o want_n give_v major_a general_n reinach_n honourable_a condition_n but_o after_o the_o garrison_n be_v march_v out_o he_o come_v to_o know_v that_o of_o thirty_o of_o his_o soldier_n who_o be_v prisoner_n within_o the_o city_n eight_o die_v for_o hunger_n which_o the_o other_o twenty_o two_o do_v eat_v and_o then_o be_v starve_v to_o death_n for_o want_v of_o meat_n this_o so_o enrage_v the_o duke_n that_o he_o resolve_v to_o put_v that_o monster_n of_o a_o governor_n and_o the_o four_o hundred_o soldier_n or_o rather_o skeleton_n that_o come_v out_o with_o he_o to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sword_n and_o here_o you_o may_v be_v sure_o unjust_a revenge_n put_v on_o the_o mask_n of_o lex_fw-la talionis_fw-la this_o disavowable_a action_n of_o the_o governor_n of_o brisac_n shall_v be_v a_o caveat_n to_o all_o goververnour_n not_o to_o bring_v many_o prisoner_n into_o besiege_a place_n for_o those_o reason_n i_o mention_v in_o my_o discourse_n of_o sieges_n but_o if_o the_o duke_n have_v do_v as_o he_o intend_v he_o have_v be_v as_o guilty_a of_o perfidy_n as_o reinach_n be_v of_o inhumanity_n and_o therefore_o the_o great_a commander_n of_o his_o army_n represent_v to_o he_o the_o ugly_a face_n of_o fedifragy_a in_o its_o lively_a colour_n which_o do_v full_o divert_v he_o from_o a_o action_n unworthy_a of_o so_o brave_a and_o so_o renown_v a_o prince_n treaty_n shall_v be_v make_v promise_v give_v and_o capitulation_n sign_v without_o ambiguous_a article_n shall_v not_o be_v ambiguous_a equivocation_n or_o mental_a reservation_n they_o shall_v be_v clear_a sincere_a and_o candid_a without_o ambiguity_n for_o if_o any_o of_o that_o be_v make_v use_n of_o it_o will_v be_v so_o far_o from_o excuse_v breach_n of_o faith_n that_o it_o will_v make_v it_o look_v with_o the_o ugly_a face_n as_o when_o something_o be_v foist_v into_o a_o article_n which_o may_v carry_v a_o double_a meaning_n â—he_v victor_n make_v himself_o interpreter_n of_o the_o genuine_a sense_n and_o if_o he_o be_v wicked_a under_o pretence_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o one_o branch_n of_o a_o article_n he_o assume_v to_o himself_o power_n to_o break_v all_o i_o have_v give_v some_o instance_n of_o the_o practice_n of_o this_o among_o the_o heathen_a nor_o have_v the_o light_n of_o the_o gospel_n deter_v man_n of_o late_a time_n from_o action_n of_o so_o base_a a_o alloy_n in_o the_o year_n 1633._o great_a gloggaw_n in_o action_n two_o unworthy_a action_n silesia_n yield_v to_o wallenstein_n who_o sign_v article_n for_o they_o to_o march_v to_o the_o next_o suedish_n army_n but_o without_o the_o town_n a_o quarrel_n be_v pick_v for_o the_o breach_n of_o a_o article_n the_o garrison_n surround_v and_o force_v to_o declare_v for_o the_o emperor_n and_o if_o you_o will_v peruse_v ireton_n treaty_n with_o the_o town_n of_o limerick_n in_o ireland_n 1651._o you_o will_v find_v it_o of_o the_o same_o stamp_n or_o worse_a after_o he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o place_n under_o pretext_n of_o some_o breach_n of_o the_o garrison_n he_o break_v all_o agreement_n and_o hang_v the_o mayor_n and_o several_a other_o to_o bear_v he_o company_n but_o after_o such_o sad_a story_n of_o the_o bad_a observation_n of_o capitulation_n let_v i_o refresh_v you_o with_o the_o relation_n of_o a_o merry_a but_o a_o true_a treaty_n which_o be_v very_o punctual_o observe_v when_o spinola_n have_v retire_v himself_o from_o the_o low_a palatinate_n one_o a_o pretty_a story_n and_o yet_o a_o true_a one_o to_o brabant_n he_o leave_v don_n corduba_n to_o finish_v the_o war_n in_o that_o distress_a country_n this_o spanish_a general_n march_v to_o a_o little_a town_n call_v ogerheim_n out_o of_o which_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n have_v flee_v for_o fear_n except_o twenty_o four_o these_o discharge_v some_o falconet_n upon_o the_o spanish_a fore-troop_n and_o thereafter_o unâ—_n over_o the_o wall_n where_o they_o be_v low_a only_a the_o town-shepherd_n who_o be_v call_v hans_n warsch_n for_o he_o deserve_v to_o have_v his_o name_n record_v stay_v a_o trumpeter_n be_v send_v to_o summon_v the_o place_n the_o spaniard_n not_o know_v its_o solitary_a condition_n with_o who_o hans_n capitulate_v that_o himself_o and_o his_o family_n shall_v enjoy_v their_o life_n good_n and_o free_a liberty_n of_o their_o religion_n to_o which_o the_o trumpeter_n ready_o condescend_v and_o then_o hans_n open_v one_o of_o the_o port_n this_o agreement_n be_v ratify_v and_o faithful_o keep_v by_o don_n corduba_n a_o prisoner_n of_o war_n may_v be_v examine_v and_o both_o hire_v and_o threaten_v to_o tell_v all_o spy_n a_o soldier_n no_o spy_n he_o know_v but_o if_o he_o will_v not_o he_o shall_v rather_o be_v cherish_v than_o punish_v for_o a_o soldier_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v as_o a_o spy_n the_o last_o you_o may_v put_v to_o the_o rack_n but_o not_o the_o first_o with_o any_o justice_n yet_o the_o contrary_n have_v be_v practise_v in_o the_o civil_a war_n of_o france_n i_o find_v that_o a_o soldier_n after_o he_o have_v get_v quarter_n be_v torture_v by_o pour_v in_o water_n at_o his_o mouth_n till_o his_o belly_n grow_v as_o great_a as_o a_o ox_n head_n and_o yet_o dye_v without_o reveal_v any_o thing_n he_o know_v a_o captain_n inhumanity_n inhumanity_n who_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o sancerre_n and_o be_v look_v for_o assistance_n to_o that_o hunger-starve_a town_n be_v take_v and_o torment_v with_o the_o blow_n of_o cudgel_n on_o the_o belly_n till_o he_o tell_v all_o he_o know_v or_o all_o they_o will_v have_v he_o to_o tell_v and_o then_o they_o hang_v he_o for_o his_o pain_n the_o fear_n of_o bad_a quarter_n of_o hard_a and_o cruel_a usage_n of_o the_o breach_n of_o treaty_n quarter_n fear_v of_o bad_a quarter_n and_o article_n have_v make_v many_o resolve_n to_o take_v no_o quarter_n at_o all_o and_o to_o choose_v to_o die_v fight_v whether_o these_o be_v accessary_a to_o their_o own_o death_n whether_o this_o be_v not self_o desertion_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v diffidence_n of_o the_o almighty_n power_n shall_v not_o be_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o discourse_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v that_o self-preservation_n be_v a_o law_n imprint_v in_o the_o heart_n of_o all_o man_n by_o nature_n and_o when_o with_o honour_n and_o reputation_n a_o soldier_n either_o of_o high_a or_o low_a degree_n may_v have_v fair_a quarter_n he_o both_o may_v and_o shall_v accept_v of_o it_o both_o to_o preserve_v himself_o for_o his_o master_n service_n and_o his_o own_o future_a fortune_n and_o that_o without_o the_o least_o aspersion_n of_o cowardice_n that_o which_o be_v common_o report_v of_o the_o emperor_n crabat_n and_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n finlander_n that_o none_o of_o they_o will_v either_o give_v or_o take_v quarter_n be_v a_o mere_a speculation_n for_o i_o have_v know_v they_o both_o give_v and_o take_v it_o very_o content_o philopaemon_n may_v stand_v as_o a_o beacon_n to_o all_o soldier_n whether_o they_o be_v pagan_n philopaemon_n philopaemon_n infidel_n or_o christian_n not_o to_o presume_v or_o yet_o be_v confident_a never_o to_o be_v prisoner_n of_o a_o mean_a gentleman_n he_o come_v by_o his_o valour_n and_o conduct_n to_o be_v praetor_n and_o general_n of_o the_o achaans_n seven_o or_o eight_o time_n dine_a one_o day_n with_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n he_o hear_v they_o much_o commend_v one_o of_o his_o acquaintance_n for_o a_o excellent_a good_a soldier_n how_o can_v he_o say_v philopaemon_n be_v a_o good_a soldier_n who_o deliver_v once_o himself_o prisoner_n but_o this_o great_a captain_n who_o have_v now_o arrive_v with_o much_o honour_n to_o the_o age_n of_o seventy_o year_n do_v not_o foresee_v his_o fate_n which_o the_o very_a next_o day_n while_o he_o make_v good_a the_o retreat_n of_o some_o achean_a gentleman_n from_o the_o messenian_n deliver_v he_o prisoner_n to_o his_o mortal_a enemy_n who_o have_v bring_v he_o to_o messene_n cast_v he_o into_o a_o deep_a prison_n and_o not_o long_o after_o present_v he_o with_o a_o cup_n of_o deadly_a poison_n which_o after_o he_o be_v assure_v of_o the_o safety_n of_o his_o friend_n licortas_n he_o cheerful_o drink_v off_o and_o immediate_o give_v up_o the_o ghost_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o our_o modern_a military_a punishment_n and_o of_o reward_n the_o law_n be_v a_o dumb_a judge_n and_o a_o judge_n be_v a_o speak_v law_n in_o vain_a it_o be_v to_o make_v law_n unless_o judge_n look_v to_o their_o execution_n for_o that_o be_v the_o life_n of_o the_o law_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o
another_o place_n of_o the_o military_a punishment_n and_o reward_n of_o the_o ancient_n i_o have_v likewise_o speak_v of_o our_o modern_a military_a law_n where_o observe_v that_o most_o of_o they_o threaten_v punishment_n few_o or_o none_o promise_v reward_n the_o first_o be_v due_a to_o transgressor_n the_o second_o be_v ex_fw-la beneplacito_fw-la because_o all_o man_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v their_o duty_n yet_o prince_n and_o state_n have_v reward_v virtue_n of_o late_a time_n as_o well_o as_o the_o ancient_n do_v i_o shall_v speak_v of_o punishment_n and_o then_o of_o reward_n though_o prince_n and_o state_n have_v their_o several_a law_n of_o war_n yet_o all_o agree_v treason_n punishment_n of_o capital_a crime_n treason_n that_o treason_n against_o the_o prince_n in_o betray_v either_o his_o fort_n force_n or_o munition_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o a_o ignominious_a death_n but_o the_o crime_n shall_v be_v thorough_o examine_v by_o the_o judge_n marshal_n and_o court_n of_o war_n whereof_o i_o have_v former_o speak_v mutiny_n against_o command_n or_o superior_a mutiny_n mutiny_n officer_n be_v punishable_a by_o death_n if_o it_o can_v be_v compesce_v without_o force_n either_o all_o or_o most_o of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v call_v together_o to_o cut_v the_o mutineer_n in_o piece_n but_o if_o a_o mutiny_n be_v quiet_v without_o blood_n in_o do_v whereof_o both_o courage_n and_o prudence_n be_v requisite_a then_o ordinary_o the_o ringleader_n be_v to_o die_v and_o the_o rest_n be_v either_o all_o pardon_v or_o all_o to_o run_v the_o gatloupe_n or_o the_o ten_o man_n of_o they_o be_v to_o suffer_v death_n which_o custom_n be_v borrow_a from_o the_o ancient_a roman_n if_o officer_n run_v away_o from_o the_o mutineer_n and_o leave_v they_o mutiny_v the_o law_n of_o war_n order_n they_o to_o die_v unless_o they_o can_v make_v it_o appear_v that_o either_o they_o have_v kill_v some_o of_o the_o mutineer_n or_o have_v be_v wound_v themselves_o by_o they_o but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v deny_v that_o too_o many_o of_o they_o be_v more_o ready_a to_o give_v a_o rise_n and_o beginning_n to_o a_o mutiny_n than_o to_o put_v a_o end_n to_o it_o the_o death_n of_o a_o mutineer_n shall_v be_v ignominious_a and_o therefore_o it_o shall_v be_v hang_v or_o break_v on_o a_o wheel_n all_o crime_n that_o be_v capital_a by_o the_o civil_a law_n more_o many_o more_o be_v so_o also_o by_o martial_a law_n as_o wilful_a murder_n robbery_n theft_n incest_n sodomy_n and_o other_o needless_a to_o be_v rehearse_v but_o martial_a law_n make_v many_o crime_n capital_a which_o the_o civil_a and_o municipal_a law_n do_v not_o such_o be_v to_o desert_v the_o colour_n to_o sleep_v on_o sentinel_n to_o be_v drink_v on_o a_o watch_n to_o draw_v a_o sword_n or_o strike_v at_o a_o superior_a many_o time_n these_o be_v pardon_v and_o very_o oft_o they_o be_v punish_v with_o death_n when_o a_o general_n think_v justice_n more_o convenient_a than_o mercy_n to_o be_v absent_a from_o a_o watch_n by_o some_o military_a law_n be_v capital_a but_o seldom_o put_v in_o execution_n yet_o i_o find_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o of_o france_n that_o one_o granvillâ—n_n a_o german_a justice_n severe_a justice_n colonel_n in_o a_o court_n of_o war_n condemn_v a_o ensign_n bearer_n to_o be_v hang_v for_o play_v at_o die_n in_o his_o lodging_n when_o the_o company_n be_v on_o watch_n and_o he_o put_v the_o sentence_n in_o execution_n the_o crime_n of_o cowardice_n be_v by_o the_o law_n of_o â—aâ—_n cowardice_n cowardice_n capital_a but_o shall_v be_v well_o examine_v by_o the_o auditor_n and_o the_o matter_n make_v clear_a in_o a_o court_n of_o war_n before_o sentence_n be_v past_a because_o it_o and_o treason_n taint_v the_o blood_n of_o the_o party_n to_o run_v away_o in_o time_n of_o service_n either_o in_o the_o field_n or_o from_o the_o assault_n of_o town_n fort_n and_o outwork_n bring_v death_n upon_o the_o guilty_a or_o that_o which_o to_o generous_a spirit_n be_v worse_o than_o death_n that_o be_v to_o have_v their_o sword_n break_v over_o their_o head_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o hangman_n and_o so_o turn_v out_o of_o the_o army_n and_o this_o i_o have_v know_v more_o frequent_o practise_v than_o death_n inflict_v but_o the_o instance_n i_o can_v give_v be_v too_o fresh_a and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v tell_v you_o only_o of_o one_o about_o a_o hundred_o year_n ago_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o dinan_n gaspar_n coligni_n that_o famous_a admiral_n of_o france_n command_v some_o ensign-bearer_n to_o run_v with_o their_o colour_n to_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o breach_n they_o do_v not_o go_v pretend_v the_o place_n be_v too_o dangerous_a for_o the_o king_n colour_n for_o they_o may_v chance_v to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n for_o which_o the_o admiral_n cause_v all_o their_o sword_n to_o be_v break_v over_o their_o head_n by_o a_o hangman_n in_o view_n punishment_n a_o ignominious_a punishment_n of_o his_o whole_a army_n it_o will_v be_v about_o two_o or_o three_o and_o thirty_o year_n since_o leopold_n archduke_n of_o austria_n and_o his_o lieutenant_n general_n piccolomini_n cause_v a_o regiment_n of_o horse_n to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o all_o the_o officer_n to_o be_v hang_v in_o the_o place_n wherever_o they_o can_v be_v apprehend_v without_o any_o process_n or_o sentence_n of_o a_o court_n of_o war_n because_o it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o the_o whole_a regiment_n have_v run_v punishment_n a_o exemplary_a and_o deserve_a punishment_n away_o in_o a_o full_a body_n without_o fight_v at_o the_o second_o battle_n of_o leipsick_a where_o the_o suedish_n felt-marshal_n torstenson_n gain_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o imperialist_n i_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n of_o the_o punishment_n due_a to_o those_o governor_n who_o give_v over_o fort_n soon_o than_o they_o need_v and_o give_v you_o some_o instance_n but_o now_o i_o shall_v tell_v you_o that_o by_o some_o article_n of_o war_n the_o whole_a garrison_n be_v liable_a to_o punishment_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pioner_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n i_o dare_v say_v law_n a_o severe_a law_n nothing_o against_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o law_n but_o i_o think_v if_o the_o garrison_n disobey_v the_o governor_n and_o do_v not_o march_v out_o at_o his_o command_n he_o pretend_v the_o prince_n or_o general_n order_n for_o what_o he_o do_v all_o of_o it_o may_v undergo_v the_o censure_n and_o punishment_n of_o mutiny_n but_o many_o law_n be_v make_v ad_fw-la terrorem_fw-la which_o do_v but_o little_a good_a i_o think_v the_o turkish_a punishment_n not_o imitable_a by_o those_o who_o profess_v the_o name_n punishment_n inhuman_a punishment_n of_o christ_n such_o as_o be_v roast_v at_o slow_a fire_n flay_v quick_a and_o gaunch_v the_o manner_n of_o this_o last_o be_v to_o throw_v the_o condemn_a person_n from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n or_o a_o high_a wall_n the_o place_n where_o he_o be_v to_o fall_v be_v all_o beset_v with_o iron_n prick_v and_o the_o wretch_n be_v happy_a if_o his_o head_n breast_n or_o belly_n fall_v on_o one_o of_o they_o for_o thereby_o he_o may_v be_v soon_o dispatch_v but_o if_o a_o leg_n arm_v or_o thigh_n catch_v hold_v he_o must_v hang_v till_o extremity_n of_o pain_n hunger_n thirst_n and_o the_o fowl_n of_o the_o air_n put_v a_o end_n to_o his_o miserable_a life_n the_o muscovite_n for_o a_o military_a punishment_n can_v whip_v to_o death_n and_o that_o be_v cruel_a enough_o they_o and_o other_o christian_n can_v impale_v condemn_v person_n on_o wooden_a stake_n and_o spit_n which_o in_o some_o extraordinary_a case_n be_v also_o practise_v in_o germany_n and_o i_o have_v hear_v that_o hangman_n can_v so_o artificial_o do_v it_o that_o the_o woeful_a delinquent_n will_v sometime_o live_v three_o day_n in_o unspeakable_a torture_n when_o mahomet_n the_o great_a see_v a_o valley_n in_o valachia_n beset_v with_o these_o stake_n and_o wheel_n on_o which_o some_o thousand_o of_o man_n and_o woman_n lay_v execute_v it_o be_v say_v that_o he_o much_o commend_v the_o vayvod_n or_o prince_n of_o that_o country_n for_o a_o good_a justiciary_a so_o near_o do_v the_o one_o of_o their_o temper_n both_o barbarous_a and_o cruel_a resemble_v the_o other_o the_o fair_a and_o just_a way_n of_o punishment_n be_v by_o court_n of_o war_n if_o the_o case_n do_v not_o require_v a_o present_a animadversion_n and_o that_o court_n be_v to_o judge_v and_o give_v sentence_n according_a to_o the_o military_a law_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o state_n in_o who_o service_n the_o army_n be_v when_o the_o sentence_n be_v pronounce_v the_o general_n may_v either_o pardon_v general_n may_v pardon_v pardon_v the_o offender_n or_o delay_v the_o execution_n or_o alter_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o death_n the_o most_o honourable_a
learn_v and_o practise_v his_o art_n of_o soldiery_n so_o happy_o against_o the_o enemy_n of_o god_n people_n for_o so_o deodati_n interpret_v it_o that_o his_o countryman_n by_o a_o solemn_a embassy_n invite_v he_o to_o be_v their_o captain_n general_n against_o the_o ammonite_n which_o he_o accept_v and_o wrought_v their_o deliverance_n here_o have_v you_o a_o soldier_n who_o know_v no_o other_o art_n or_o profession_n but_o that_o of_o soldiery_n approve_v of_o by_o the_o lord_n and_o elect_v by_o he_o and_o the_o people_n at_o mispa_n to_o fight_v the_o lord_n battle_n against_o the_o enemy_n of_o his_o people_n and_o this_o very_a soldier_n be_v reckon_v among_o the_o elect_a and_o faithful_a by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o hebrew_n chap._n 2._o v._n 32._o in_o the_o gospel_n we_o read_v that_o the_o soldier_n ask_v the_o baptist_n what_o they_o shall_v do_v to_o he_o save_v be_v content_v with_o your_o wage_n say_v he_o and_o do_v violence_n to_o no_o man_n here_o he_o bid_v they_o not_o learn_v other_o trade_n and_o i_o be_o bind_v to_o believe_v that_o most_o of_o those_o who_o ask_v he_o the_o question_n if_o not_o all_o of_o they_o were_z romans_z who_o know_v no_o other_o livelihood_n but_o to_o be_v soldier_n and_o be_v then_o quarter_v in_o judea_n to_o keep_v the_o jew_n under_o the_o subjection_n of_o the_o roman_a emperor_n and_o whether_o this_o be_v a_o lawful_a employment_n or_o not_o shall_v be_v speak_v to_o hereafter_o the_o apostle_n paul_n move_v the_o question_n who_o go_v to_o war_n on_o his_o own_o charge_n mean_v none_o be_v bind_v to_o do_v it_o hence_o it_o will_v follow_v that_o a_o soldier_n may_v serve_v for_o wage_n or_o if_o any_o will_v serve_v without_o wage_n as_o some_o volunteer_n do_v it_o be_v not_o forbid_v they_o however_o in_o these_o two_o place_n nothing_o be_v speak_v against_o the_o profession_n of_o soldiery_n i_o may_v safe_o conclude_v that_o the_o profession_n of_o a_o soldier_n without_o any_o other_o trade_n be_v allow_v and_o authorise_a by_o those_o two_o great_a saint_n our_o bless_a lord_n bear_v witness_v that_o the_o centurion_n who_o say_v he_o be_v not_o worthy_a that_o our_o saviour_n shall_v come_v under_o his_o roof_n have_v more_o faith_n than_o he_o have_v find_v in_o israel_n and_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n but_o if_o the_o profession_n of_o soldiery_n have_v be_v unlawful_a he_o will_v have_v bid_v he_o learn_v some_o other_o art_n wherewith_o to_o gain_v his_o livelihood_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o that_o centurion_n who_o send_v to_o joppa_n for_o st._n peter_n to_o come_v to_o caesarea_n for_o we_o find_v not_o that_o the_o apostle_n when_o he_o instruct_v that_o captain_n and_o his_o friend_n of_o the_o mean_n of_o their_o salvation_n give_v he_o either_o advice_n or_o command_n to_o learn_v any_o other_o trade_n than_o that_o of_o soldiery_n and_o it_o may_v not_o only_o be_v probable_o conjecture_v but_o assert_v that_o these_o two_o centurion_n have_v learn_v no_o other_o trade_n but_o that_o of_o soldiery_n as_o much_o may_v be_v say_v of_o a_o three_o centurion_n who_o confess_v our_o saviour_n to_o be_v the_o son_n of_o god_n even_o when_o he_o see_v he_o suffer_v on_o the_o cross_n as_o a_o man_n who_o as_o church_n history_n mention_v die_v a_o martyr_n for_o the_o christian_a faith_n these_o of_o who_o i_o speak_v who_o know_v no_o art_n or_o way_n of_o livelihood_n but_o by_o the_o trade_n of_o soldiery_n be_v ordinary_o call_v soldier_n of_o fortune_n though_o most_o of_o they_o may_v rather_o be_v call_v the_o son_n of_o misfortune_n from_o what_o i_o have_v say_v this_o argument_n may_v be_v frame_v that_o that_o profession_n art_n or_o trade_n that_o be_v neither_o direct_o indirect_o or_o consequential_o condemn_v by_o any_o divine_a law_n or_o ordinace_n mention_v in_o holy_a scripture_n be_v in_o itself_o lawful_a but_o the_o profession_n or_o art_n of_o soldiery_n without_o any_o relation_n to_o any_o other_o art_n be_v neither_o direct_o indirect_o nor_o consequential_o discharge_v in_o scripture_n ergo_fw-la the_o profession_n of_o mere_a soldiery_n be_v lawful_a if_o it_o be_v object_v here_o that_o the_o apostle_n write_v to_o the_o corinthian_n order_n every_o man_n that_o will_v eat_v to_o work_v with_o his_o hand_n i_o answer_v first_o that_o the_o corinthian_n be_v a_o people_n conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n be_v not_o permit_v to_o be_v soldier_n and_o next_o if_o the_o command_n be_v general_a for_o all_o nation_n and_o in_o all_o age_n than_o soldier_n be_v include_v for_o they_o work_v with_o their_o hand_n and_o very_o oft_o a_o bloody_a work_n and_o if_o no_o divine_a law_n be_v against_o this_o profession_n as_o little_o can_v it_o be_v allege_v that_o any_o positive_a law_n of_o man_n have_v forbid_v it_o and_o daily_a experience_n teach_v we_o that_o all_o prince_n and_o state_n make_v use_v of_o man_n who_o know_v no_o other_o trade_n but_o that_o of_o soldiery_n which_o they_o can_v not_o do_v without_o sin_n if_o that_o profession_n be_v unlawful_a in_o itself_o nay_o i_o have_v know_v the_o time_n thirty_o year_n ago_o when_o i_o serve_v in_o germany_n that_o prince_n and_o state_n though_o they_o bestow_v levy-shoney_a very_o plentiful_o can_v not_o get_v half_a so_o many_o of_o that_o profession_n as_o they_o desire_v and_o at_o this_o very_a time_n when_o i_o write_v this_o those_o european_a prince_n who_o be_v hot_a in_o war_n with_o other_o can_v get_v man_n enough_o of_o that_o trade_n and_o yet_o i_o shall_v easy_o grant_v they_o get_v more_o than_o they_o pay_v well_o but_o hugh_n de_fw-fr grot_n common_o call_v grotius_n a_o very_a learned_a and_o grave_a author_n examine_v grotius_n opinion_n examine_v towards_o the_o end_n of_o the_o twenty_o five_o chapter_n of_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr fare_n belli_n ac_fw-la pacis_fw-la be_v a_o heavy_a enemy_n to_o the_o trade_n of_o soldiery_n for_o there_o he_o say_v nullum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la genus_fw-la est_fw-la improbius_fw-la quam_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la sine_fw-la causa_fw-la respectu_fw-la mercede_fw-la conducti_fw-la militant_a no_o kind_n of_o life_n say_v he_o be_v so_o godless_a as_o of_o those_o who_o without_o regard_n to_o the_o cause_n fight_v for_o wage_n and_o he_o subjoin_v et_fw-la quibus_fw-la ibifas_fw-la ubi_fw-la plurima_fw-la merces_fw-la and_o with_o who_o it_o be_v a_o rule_n that_o war_n be_v most_o lawful_a where_o great_a pay_n be_v to_o be_v get_v for_o answer_v what_o if_o i_o grant_v all_o this_o it_o will_v make_v just_o nothing_o against_o my_o assertion_n the_o abuse_n of_o a_o thing_n can_v make_v the_o thing_n unlawful_a i_o shall_v confess_v it_o be_v so_o as_o he_o say_v with_o very_a many_o soldier_n who_o have_v another_o false_a maxim_n which_o de_n grot_n mention_n not_o and_o that_o be_v it_o be_v all_o one_o with_o they_o who_o they_o serve_v so_o they_o serve_v faithful_o these_o be_v great_a fault_n in_o too_o many_o soldier_n but_o all_o soldier_n not_o be_v guilty_a of_o they_o all_o shall_v not_o be_v charge_v with_o they_o nor_o shall_v the_o profession_n suffer_v for_o the_o fault_n of_o some_o of_o its_o professor_n de_fw-fr grot_n will_v have_v take_v it_o unkind_o if_o i_o shall_v have_v argue_v thus_o with_o he_o no_o such_o a_o godless_a kind_n of_o life_n as_o of_o those_o who_o without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o cause_n embrace_v the_o quarrel_n though_o never_o so_o unjust_a of_o such_o client_n who_o be_v best_a able_a to_o reward_v they_o for_o though_o this_o be_v true_a enough_o in_o thesi_fw-la yet_o grotius_n will_v have_v think_v that_o by_o such_o a_o expression_n i_o reflect_v on_o all_o lawyer_n and_o advocate_n and_o their_o profession_n too_o for_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o too_o many_o lawyer_n do_v so_o which_o grotius_n who_o profess_a law_n know_v but_o too_o well_o and_o perhaps_o practise_v it_o too_o much_o and_o as_o grotius_n must_v confess_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sin_n in_o a_o advocate_n to_o plead_v for_o a_o fee_n in_o a_o client_n cause_n which_o he_o know_v to_o be_v unjust_a so_o i_o shall_v acknowledge_v all_o soldier_n to_o be_v sinner_n who_o fight_v in_o a_o cause_n which_o they_o know_v to_o be_v unjust_a but_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o soldier_n and_o lawyer_n in_o this_o case_n for_o there_o be_v but_o few_o advocate_n â—ho_n can_v discern_v between_o the_o justice_n and_o unjustice_n of_o the_o cause_n they_o undertake_v to_o defend_v whereas_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n there_o be_v but_o few_o and_o very_o few_o soldier_n who_o can_v discern_v between_o a_o just_a and_o a_o unjust_a cause_n for_o which_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v i_o know_v a_o person_n abroad_o who_o