with much adoe gotten vp the hill something neerer towards the little wood where part of Pappenheyms men lay who in striving to keepe the winde was forced to come vnder the commaund of the Kings Ordnance The Imperialists every where had very commodiously also planted some peices of Canon vpon the hills-side which made it a desperate peice of service for the Swedes directly in the enemies faces to ascend yea the higher ground it selfe was something troublesome to mount also which they made the lesse hast to doe because they were not fully yet in order The Fight was about twelue a clock begunne with their great Ordnance Tilly on his side gaue fire to the first three peices which did little or no hurt vnto the Swedens and the King as his manner is put his Linstock to the two first peices which notwithstanding it was done at something a farre distance and therefore laught at by the enemy as if the Royall Canonier durst haue come no neerer yet as the Kings owne Printed Relation sayes they vndoubtedly hit their marke Tilly from his Battell playd hard vpon the King with three halfe Curtoes or halfe Canons especially which were againe answered with as much fury The hideous roare of the Canon on both sides made the very earth to tremble and continuing for two houres together made many a braue man to groane his last The Imperialists shot diverse artificiall fire-workes and Granadoes also whereof some being old and their touch-holes rustie did not breake in the fail so that having done no hurt they were taken vp whole afterwards Tillyes Ordnance whereof he had some very great peices did most hurt vpon the Kings left wing where Gustavus Horne commaunded The thunder of the Canon about two a clocke gaue quite over At which time the Count of Pappenheym with the Horse of his left wing giues the first charge vpon the Kings right wing The Duke Adolphus of Holsteyn was the first that seconded the Horse with his Regiment of Foote who whilest together with the Horse he wheeled too hastily about to recover the whole advantage of the wind from the King one poynt whereof the King had with much adoe gained both Horse and Foote were so farre advanced before their fellowes that they were even parted from the rest of their left wing These having too rashly engaged themselues by the eares with the Kings Horse found themselues so galled by the Muskettiers with which the Kings Horse-troupes were lyned which they there little looked for by reason the Muskettiers being our-commanded men could not at first be discerned because they had no Colours with them that they were quickly made to get them further off Traversing thereupon their ground about to the left hand and thrusting in betwixt the Kings right wing and the maine Battell they there fell fowle vpon the Reere of the Kings right wing where the Generall Bannier commaunded After them the King immediately sent some able troupes which both vtterly separated them from the rest of their fellowes and cloased them in withall so that betwixt them and Bannier they were as the Baron of Cronenberg writes vtterly cut in peices The Duke of Holsteyn receiving a shot in the knee was at that instant taken prisoner of which wound he within few dayes after dyed at Eilenburg The rest of Pappenheyms Foote being thus deprived of the most of their Horse and not succoured time enough by Tilly with his Battell was with the lesse trouble afterward defeated by the Kings Right wing Here was Pappenheyms selfe wounded made to forsake the Feild and to leaue all his Ordnance behinde him The King in the beginning of the fight perceiving the enemy to charge very hardly upon his men alighting as Dan. Heinsius in his Panegyrick affirmes from his horse prayes vpon his bended knees vnto God for the victory imitating herein the godly Emperour Theodosius who did as much in a day of Battell The Generall Tilly perceiving it to goe hard with his left wing drawes with his Battell from about the little Wood and downe the hill he comes With him was the chiefe strength of the Foote old Souldiers the most of them though never so well beaten Souldiers as that day they were Sixteen braue Regiments there were of them and those divided into foure great Spanish Brigades their Horsemen also on both sides proudly prancing vpon their flancks Right opposite vnto him was Gustavus Horne with his left wing vpon him therefore Generall Tilly instantly sets vpon him he twice or thrice charges with great bravery which charges Horne with as much resolution both endures returnes Tilly at length finding himselfe shrewdly rubbed thereabouts with the lyning of the Swedish Horse-troupes and some smaller Drakes and Feild-peices withall beginnes on the sudden to turne his whole order so that leaving a part of his Battell of Foote and the most of his Horse to hold Gustavus Horne play he converts all his fury vpon the Duke of Saxony With Tilly and his Battell did the Count of Furstenberg at the same time peice in with his left wing also so that all the Duke of Saxonies Armie excepting some few of Arnheyms in the Right wing which stood next vnto the Swedens left wing were at once engaged Two or three Charges the Saxons endured well enough but the westerly Winde carrying the smoake dust full into their eyes and Tillyes weightie bodies of his Spanish Brigades falling too heavily vpon the new-levyed Saxons and vpon the Dukes owne Guards especially amongst which himselfe fought that not able longer to endure the fury of the old Wallons Germanes and Burgundians they beginne to giue ground a little at the first and to run quite away a little after Furstenberg in like manner prest so hard vpon the Dukes left wing that they presently followed the example of their Countreymen and distrusting their Armes committed themselues as fast as could be vnto their heeles Steynau a Saxon-Colonell of a Horse-Regiment was with foure Cornets there taken prisoner by Furstenberg who at last when his keepers beganne to be overthrowne apprehending the presentnesse of the advantage brake loose and assisted those of his owne side And here was the Lord Bindauff Sergeant-Major Generall vnto the Duke of Saxony slaine before the Baron of Cronenbergs Regiment as that Baron writeth Thus the most of the Saxon Foote and many of their Horse were either slaine taken prisoners or fled the Feild leaving all their fayre Ordnance to the mercy of the enemy who presently after beganne to turne those Peices vpon the Swedens But as if it had not beene shame enough thus fowly to haue left the Feild they were no sooner out of the reach of the enemy but they fell to pillage their owne Wagons by the way that so they might at least seeme to be Conquerours in carrying home the Spoyles of the warres though not of their enemies The Imperialists now seeing the Saxons fleeing cry
Victoria victoria follow fellow follow but the old Lad their Generall quickly countermaunded that saying Let them goe wee shall overtake them time enough but let vs beate the Swedes too and then all Germany is our owne But so good was this newes that some Posts are presently dispeeded away towards the Emperour at Vienna with the most welcome tydings of Victory Some Cornets of the Saxons being there shewed and some scornefull and disgracefull words among being added against the Duke of Saxony The most of the Saxons being thus rowted Arnheym as t is sayd still made good the place With him were the best of the Dukes Horse and the best of them too the Dukes own Horse-guards that day commaunded by Leiftenant-Colonell Tauben a valiant Gentleman Eight troupes he had besides of Duke William of Saxon-Altenburg together with some of the Countrey-Gentlemens and of his owne The most of these as I sayd had Tilly slipt by with a touch onely vpon them Hereabouts fell there out a prettie encounter worthy not to be overpassed Thus A gallant Imperiall Cavalier perceiving a Saxon Rit-maister or Captaine of a troupe of Horse to behaue himselfe brauely in the head of his troupes presently putting spurres vnto his Horse and ryding vp vnto him bends his Pistoll vpon him and engages him in a single combate The Saxon would not giue it off neyther but there their Horses being shot vnder them too it on foote they goe with sword and pistoll Both to be briefe are there slaine and both as their destinies directed it fell downe dead together one vpon another and Death who having beene at so many Duells knowing himselfe now able enough to judge who had best done gaue the honour of it vnto the Saxon-Champion by laying him vppermost in the fall And there still lay he vpon his enemy as if he meant to follow him into the next world and to fight with him there too and even the pangs of death fluttering their armes about and their dying pulses punching one at another made that seeme like another combate The losse of bloud having also made their faces look pale that colour of anger made a shew as if their vnappeased spirits had beene yet at it While Tilly and Furstenberg were in action with the Saxons those Horse which he as hath beene sayd left in fight with Gustavus Horne came not so victoriously off from the Swedes as their Generall had done from the Saxons This action Gustavus Horne himselfe thus writes of All their Horse sayth he fell vpon my left wing who were soone dispersed and put to flight and contrarily the Duke of Saxonies Foote almost left the Feild Whilest yet the enemy pursued the Saxons our left wing charged into their flanck and vpon their two troupes of Reserue and in this posture we fought a long time and lost many of our Horse But finally after I had soundly charged the enemies Battell with that Regiment of the Gothish Horse which his Majestie sent me for assistance together with the commaunded Muskettiers which had beene placed by the King in the left wing the enemy beganne to grow thinne and to fall away whereupon their Battayle presently broke being all put to flight excepting foure Regiments who by reason of the smoake and dust were so shadowed from our sight that they saved themselues Thus farre this conquering penne writeth Those that Horne thus overthrew were one or two perchance of those foure great Brigades belonging to Tillyes maine Battayle So that there yet remaines the rest of them which were peiced in with Furstenbergs left wing whom we are next to enquire after The Earle of Furstenberg having sorely raked the Saxons and charged quite thorough them was with his owne Regiment thus in the heate of bloud and valour quite parted from the rest of his owne wing Supposing therefore his dayes worke to be done with the Saxons whom the rest of his men had put to flight he with his owne Regiment of foote flyes amaine vpon the Swedens againe It was the Reere of the left wing which was then next before him that he now chanced vpon There did Colonell Hall a braue Gentleman Command Hall having there a Regiment of twelue troupes of his owne Horse whose place in the Mappe is at 88. Charges sayes Chaimaries that was one of his Captaines in another Foote Regiment that Hall had into the Imperiall Foote and with not much labour cut them all in peices And here I suppose it might be that the Count of Furstenberg was wounded whence being carryed off sorely spoyled he was reported to haue beene slaine but of that we are otherwise since enformed Nor did Colonell Hall come off clearely with his victorie for by default of his brest-plate which was not of full proofe he was slaine by a Musket-Bullet vpon the place It seemes that Hall had followed Furstenberg even vnto the poynt of the left wing of the Kings Armie because that Chaimaries presently subjoynes That his Colonell Hall was seperated in this fight from the rest of the Army excepting from the braue Cavalier Colonel Collenbach with whom sayth he I was Now Collenbachs place in the Battell the Mappe shewes to be in the end of the left wing where he hath fiue troupes of Horse at the number 57. and fiue more at the number 59 So that Chaimaries place must needs be at the number 58 where he was one of those Foote-Captaines that led those 360. Muskettiers of Halls men which at that time lyned Collenbachs Horse which were 800. in number in which very place Chaimaries sets himselfe in a Mappe of the Battell drawne by his owne hand which came over with his Letter This enquirie helpes vs to know whereabouts the chiefe of the Encounter at that time was wherein you may satisfie your selfe by looking into the Mappe No sooner were Furstenbergs Foote defeated but 7000. or 8000. of those Imperialists that had discomfited the Saxons were discovered vpon the place where the Saxons had beene lately Marshalled The dust and smoake were so great that they were vpon Collenbach ere he was aware and yet as neere him as they were not being able to discerne their Colours he knew not whether they were friends or foes The same doubt possesses the Imperialists also who being so neere Collenbach never offered so much as to charge him imagining perchance that he might be some of their owne maine Battaile which Gustavus Horne had thereabouts of late defeated At last sayes Chaimaries my minde gaue me that they were enemies yea I told Collenbach that they were not our men And by this time had the enemy discâ—rned vs too whereupon turning two peices of Ordnance vpon vs which they had taken from the Duke of Saxony they let flie amongst vs. Iust at this time came the King ryding vp vnto vs crying to Collenbach Charge man a Gods name whereupon his Majesties owne selfe led vs on against the enemy saying That he must finish the worke that
8. or 9. of the clocke had the Imperialists a full view of both the Protestant Armies and Tilly full well knowing of a troublesome passage they were to haue through the bushes and durt at the foresaid Towne of Scholcka thither sent he some lighter Troupes to disturbe them These Vant-Curriers besides the skirmishing with which they entertained them did by setting fire to certaine traines of Gun-powder purposely scattered on the ground seeke by the smoake thereof which the winde at that time blew full into the Protestants faces to blinde and trouble their putting of themselues into order But neither did this powder-plot take effect neither force nor stratagemâ— could at that time serue their turnes for in despight of both these is the passage gained which being once made the Protestants immediately beginne to marshall themselues into that order which they had before agreed to fight in Perceiving the Tillians therefore to present themselues in a mightie large Front and the wings of their battell to bee extendâ—d full 2. English miles in length they to prevent hembing in as not willing to accept the kindnesse of an Enemie to bee brooded vnder his goodly wings he being a bird of another feather divide themselues into two Armies The Duke of Saxonie takes his way towards the left hand and the King towards the right The Duke stretched his left wing as long out as Tilly had done his right which was as farre as the Towne of Ietzschlitz in the Southerne edge of the Mappe marked with Ff the end of Tillyes right wing being betwixt him and the Village of Schausen here marked with Gg His right wing he in like manner also stretched out quite over the high way till it almost touched with the Kings left wing The King wheeling more about to the right hand gat the Village of Podelwitz at his backe here marked with the letter O. Still as the Armies advanced towards the Enemie their Ordnance the loud musicke of a battell went playing on before them The Dukes Ordnance are in the Mappe marked with Hh The Kings smaller field-peices with P And his Demie-Canon with Q which were commodiously planted before every Division The Armie of the Catholike-Leaguers having by a warning peece beene drawne together before the standing Campe neere Leipsich were after halfe an houres pause vpon the place faire and softly caused to advance into the open field Passing therefore beyond the Villages of Lindenthal usually called Linckell in the right-hand vpper corner of the Map marked with B And little Wiederwitz marked with C And great Wiederwitz marked with D And Breitenfield marked with A From which last Towne some more light horse Troupes being sent abroad for intelligence the whole Armie fairely followed to the little wood marked with E and the Gallowes marked with F Here Tilly making a stand had word brought him that both the King and Duke were alreadie gotten over the durtie passage and were in divided Armies both vpon their march towards him Tilly hearing of this newes Now fellow Souldiers sayes he wee must looke for blowes Resolving therefore to keepe the advantage of that higher ground to fight vpon hee first of all in severall places causes his Ordnance to bee planted which are here marked with G disposing in the next place of the order of his battell Making choice therefore of the old forme of fighting in great square Bodies of which the Mappe shewes you the mightie Fronts onely so much namely as at the joyning of the battel 's presented it selfe vnto the Swedens view he thus marshalls his formidable forces The whole Armie he divides into three vsuall parts the maine Battell namely and the two wings The right wing was commended vnto Eggon Count of Furstenberg with those conquering Italian Troupes which since their comming out of Italie had brought the Circles of Schwaben and Franconia vnder contribution This right wing is marked with L and by Furstenberg himselfe stands the letter M The left wing consisting most of the Germane Nation was commaunded by the Count of Pappenheym hee whose memorie is yet so deere vnto those of Magdenburg This wing is knowne by the letter H and Pappenheyms selfe by the letter I Vpon this wing was the flower of the Horse placed because they were to confront the King of Sweden himselfe with whom they supposed would come the bravest Souldiers of the Armie The maine Battell or middle-ward was led by the gallant Tilly himselfe wherein were his old Wallons and Burgundians and braver Germane Troupes These were the credit and strength of his foot-forces You may know Tillies owne place by the letter K set over his head neere the high wayes side about the middle of the Mappe And in this array stood this by themselues supposed Invincible Armie expressing a great deale of desire to be at it The King of Sweden vpon the first full view of the Imperiall Armie now within a league of him shewing them vnto his owne men rides from Regiment to Regiment and from rancke to rancke with a loud voice asking of his Souldiers Come on Comrades will you fight to day for the name of Iesus Christ This question was by the whole Armie presently answered with the Eccho of this joyfull acclamation Vivat Gustavus Adolphus vive vive vive The King observing the braue resolution of his Souldiers calls immediately a Trumpet vnto him to whom he openly delivering a Letter alowd commaunded him to carrie it vnto the Generall Tilly. This Letter having beene that morning written in the Field had the King communicated the Contents of vnto his great Officers which were That he desired to see the Generall Tilly in the Feild and to that purpose he now attended for him Tilly vpon receipt of this Letter bad the Trumpet to assure the King his Maister that he for his part had never refused to fight with him that he would now meete him halfe way and that the King well knew where to finde him These two last passages concerning the Kings speech vnto his Armie and his Letter vnto Tilly are written by Chaimaries a French Captaine that day serving the King of Sweden Now began the King to dispose of the array of his Army Those 18. or 20000. men which he led along with him he devides like his enemy into three parts and each of these againe into the Vantguard and the Arrierguard The Van or Fore-ward of the Right wing marked with the letter R his Majesties selfe commaunded whose place in the Battell you may perceiue by the Letter S. Here were the bravest and best armed Horsemen and these well lyned with Muskettiers and guarded with some peices of Ordnance also before them The proportion of the Muskettiers that lyned the Horsemen was about 100 to 8 troupes of Horse sayth Chaimaries one with another The Reere or Hinder-ward of the same Right wing marked with the Letter Z was committed vnto Sir Iohn Bannier Generall of the Foote by whom stand
the Letters A a. The left wing marked with X was led by the braue Gustavus Horne Feild-Marshall vnto his Majestie whom you may finde out by the Letter Y. The Arrier-guard of the same wing was left vnto Colonell Hall whom you may see at the Letters D d. His troupes were those three Horse-Regiments which you see vnder him marked with the numbers 87 88 89. The Van of the maine Battell or middle-ward whose character is the Letter T was committed vnto the sober and valiant Gentleman the Baron Dyvell whose place is by the Letter V. This Van consisted of Foote altogether which being divided into foure Brigades of Pikes and Muskettiers were ordered by Acko Oxenstiern Erick Hand and Winkell all Colonells Before this part you see the Ordnance placed and immediately behinde it for the greater strength are there three Divisions of Scottish Muskettiers placed mingled among twice fiue troupes of Horse of the Kings owne Guards The Reere of the same maine Battell knowne by the Letters B b consisting of three Brigades of Foote was committed vnto the well tryed Sir Iohn Hepburne commonly called Hebron who fought in person in the middlemost of those three Brigades and is to be found at the Letters C c. The Brigade on the right hand was led by the yong Count of Turne and that on the left hand by Colonell Vitzthimb a braue Souldier These three Brigades wherein some English and many Scots were were accounted among the best and surest men of the Army and called The Reserue of the Battell Behinde these are two halfe Regiments of Horse of fiue troupes apeice commaunded by Colonell Schaffman and Col. Cochtitsky And this was the Kings admirable order of Embatteling which you shall much the better please your selfe in the reading of if you will take the paines but to looke for every thing in the Mappe as you goe along A new kinde of Marshalling was this vnto Tilly which as much helped to beate him as the valour of the men did that fought in it Every part of it consisted of severall Maniples and small Bodyes of men of which if any one were overthrowne there was nothing so much hurt done as when one of Tillyes greater Battaglions were broken and they might much easier by reason of the nimblenesse of their motion and the small space of ground which they tooke vp to moue in be supplyed by one another And if the thinnesse of the Files as being never aboue six deepe were not able t is true to beare off any great shock or impression yet by bringing by that meanes more hands to fight at once then the enemies order possibly could doe they were able on the sudden to doe the more execution Vpon the sight of it in the Mappe you will râ—â—dily make this judgement That one part so fences so backs so flancks one another is so readie to second to relieue one another so apt eyther to send out succours or to receiue into their hinder-wards or rancks any of their former fellowes that shall happen to be over-layd that the whole Army lookes like some impregnable Citie with its Bastiles its Towers its Bulwarks and severall Retreates about it So that well may the men be killd but very hardly shall the whole order be rowted And of this we haue experience in this Battle where there was not that I can finde any one Regiment put to flight but Collenbachs Horse onely The lesse marvaile then it is if God with vs and this order of Embatteling invented by this new but royall Captaine gaue so full an overthrow to the eldest best Generall of the world And yet hath the King more of these Formes of Battell invented by himselfe every one to fit the enemy the ground and the occasion The Duke of Saxonies Army consisting of 14000. men and no more as I am since enformed the two Regiments of the Count of Solmes and the Baron Hoftkirck being sent away was also divided into the Battell the two wings The Body or maine Battell was directed by his Highnesse the Duke himselfe whose place you know by the Letters K k. Before him stand his great Ordnance marked with H h. The right wing was led by the valiant Lord Iohn George Arnheym whose place you may see at the Letters M m. The left wing is to be knowne by the Letters I i but who commanded there I finde not expressed Perchance it might be eyther Bindhauff Sergeant Major Generall to the Duke or Swalbach that day Generall of the Ordnance for these two were the greatest Officers of the Feild next vnto Arnheym the Felt-Marshall And this was the Saxons order being the ancient and vsuall manner of Embatteling What the severall Numbers Letters and Arithmeticall figures in both Mappes meane wee shall anone tell you after the description of the victory The Watch-word for both these Protestant Armyes was GOT MIT VNS God with vs and their Tokens Greene Branches in their hattes or helmets with which ere night their browes were crowned as with victorious Lawrells Advancing in this equipage into the place of Battell vpon the sayd Plaine which Tilly had fayrey left for them behold an Omen which a Romane Augur would haue esteemed for a most fortunate abodement Vpon that emptie place of ground whereon the King was to fight there sate a flocke of birds which had indeede beene observed there some dayes before by the Country-men and to haue fought there too with another flock then beatten away by them which birds being sprung by the Kings Vantcurryers tooke their flight directly towards Tillyes Armie and there fetching a circle about and that also would the Romanes haue accounted for a happie presage they turned againe towards the Kings Armie as who would say we went to fetch you victory The Duke of Saxony had another good encouragement to his Army also a milke-white Doue namely hovering very lowe and almost sitting vpon a Cornet or Horsemans Ensigne which also setcht a circuite afterwards about the Dukes Army But the King had a better Augury on his side then a flight of birds His Motto or Watch-word God with vs and that which the Romane Generall sometimes preferred before the birds Romano milite dignus Ensis adest augur his valour namely and his Sword Being now readie to come vnto the shock Army to Army some strugling there was at first for the winde which then blowing from the West was full in the Imperialists backe and the Protestants faces This advantage the King being desirous to recover and the enemy as eager to keepe and both sides wheeling about for that purpose not onely the Horsemen had some Skirmishes together but the Foote also came to push of Pike In this heaving and shoving too and againe the King with some part of his right wing wheeling about from O towards A that is from the village of Podelwitz towards Breitenfeild edging still along to recover some poynt of the West had
their Files then but three deepe and the first ranck falling vpon their knees the second stooping forward and the third standing vpright and all giving fire together they powred so much leade in at once amongst the enemies that their rancks were much broken by it Arnheym on the other side with his Saxon-horse did much execution vpon the enemies foote who had few or no Horse at this time and in this place left to oppose against him And here by all probabilitie it was that the Generall Tilly received his wounds and was supposed though vnknowne to haue been prisoner for a while vnto the Kings Armie But this I cannot affirme Among other Commanders of the Imperialists that fought at this time in this very place these three I finde particular mention of The Earle of Schomberg that day Generall of the Ordnance the Baron of Cronenberg and the Lord of Baumgarten so that these surely were none of the meanest troupes that were led by such honourable personages Something also of what was here done by the Imperialists we may learne by the sayd valiant Baron of Cronenbergs Letter In foure houres sayth Cronenberg I charged the enemy foure times with my Regiment judge you whether we were not at hot service in so much that I verily beleeved that I had defeated my enemy and that the victory was ours I not knowing that our left wing was so miserably defeated And this mistake was by reason of the great smoake for we could not possibly see aboue foure paces before vs. The enemy had possessed themselues of the place whereon our left wing was defeated I then went vp into the very face of them even in that quarter where they brought many fresh Cornets of Horse and some Regiments of foote to charge me The whole Armie doth know yea and our Generall himselfe will witnesse it that but for me our Generall had beene lost whom I perceiving grievously hurt carryed safely off in despight of all the enemies There was a Duke of Saxony that day serving on the Emperours side who behaved himselfe like a Lyon who when all was lost came with our Generall and two or three Horsemen onely in his company into my Regiment I being then in full battell Thus much writes the Baron of himselfe modestly for from other hands wee haue also received it how that when Rodolph Maximilian Duke of Saxon-Lawenburg had by his valour and hardinesse rescued and fetcht off his Generall that the valiant Cronenberg carried them both out of the feild in the middest of his owne now flying troupes Thus by knowing of Cronenbergs place we finde where the Generall Tilly at this time was and that it was Sir Iohn Hebron that overthrew him For this valour and faithfulnesse to their Generall was the Baron Cronenberg much honored and the Duke afterwards entrusted with the keeping of the key of Bavaria the Towne of Donawaert I meane from whence the King of Sweden did of late dayes beate him The King having set on Sir Iohn Hebron vpon Tilly and returned by this time to his owne Right wing presently advances forward with that towards the wood vpon the hill which Tilly had before appoynted for the Retreate of his men because that hereabouts some Regiments had all this while stayed and others that had beene rowted in other places had hitherto resorted here to r'allee and conjoyne themselues together againe To conjoyne themselues together I say for whereas I finde foure of these Regiments now gotten about the Wood to be those of Goies Blanckhart Chesui Balderon and Diderichsteyn which last two made vp one Regiment any man may by the numbers in the Mappe perceiue that these foure were placed very farre asunder in the beginning of the Battell even as farre as the numbers 8 12 15 and 19 are one from another And this is an argument of the great confusion they had beene put vnto in the battell as others likewise had beene in the former fight which Tillies selfe had made where Baumgartens Regiment which had beene at first marshalled neere the very end of the left wing at the number 4 was now conjoyned with Schomberg and Cronenberg whose first place was in the further end of the right wing at the numbers 26 and 27 and both these from the ends of both wings conjoyned with Tilly in the middleward or mayn-battayle But to the story The King now-in person setting vpon these new revnited forces with such courage and successe charges in vpon them that at the first onset cutting in peices those troups that had the guard of the Ordnance and then turning the Canon vpon the residue he had the slaughter of a great many of them and the rowting of as many more Yet all fled not for the Goiesish Blanckhartish Chesuish and Balderonish Regiments before mentioned stood to their Armes brauely Old Lads they were and experienced Souldiers too such as feared not an enemy with an iron face and that cared not for a halfepenny chop in their owne flesh These to their great prayse as the Kings owne description of the Battell sayes made good the wood for a long time against his Majestie killd him a many of braue fellowes Nor would they budge a foote for notwithstanding they were now desperate and out of hope to be eyther seconded or fetcht off all their Armie being by this time overthrowne and they knwoing of it yet did they fight it out almost to the last man a few of them onely whom it had beene pittie to haue killed retrying themselues when no more could be done vnder the benefit of a mixed Cloud of smoake and dust and darkenesse For by this time it was neere vpon seaven a clocke at night by which houre the Imperiall Army every where was altogether in disorder flight and confusion Thus after fiue houres hard fight the victory fell vnto his Majestie of Sweden whose Horsemen so long continued the chase vntill the darknesse made it dangerous to pursue the enemy any further The Tillians fled every way some to Leipsich others to Eilenburg and the Townes thereabouts and others towards Hall every man glad to hide his head any where The joyfull retreate being sounded thereupon the Kings Armie as Maisters of the Feild kept their possession of it though but by lying vpon the bare ground and vnder the blew Skyes for that night Conquerours surely had beene worthy of a better harbourough but the vniversall joy suffered no man but the wounded to complaine of the want of a featherbed The next morning was the chace begunne againe when the over-taken enemies wanting eyther Leaders or Armes or hearts must suffer the Law of Armes to passe vpon them eyther to begge quarter or endure the slaughter And this was the end of that formidable Armie of his Imperiall Majestie and of the Catholike Leaguers which for eleven yeares together before the comming of the King of Sweden had given the Law vnto all Germany had
Tillyes are here set downe in generall and by the Regiments onely so farre forth as the Swedish Describer of these Mappes could learne from the prisoners As for the Kings they you see are set downe most exactly Which will be worth the Readers paines to examine A SOLEMNE THANKES-GIVING FOR THE VICTORY Appoynted in the Electorate of SAXONY THat worke is well gone thorough which is begunne with Prayer and concluded with Thanksgiving and so is this Swedish Discipline which even herin resembles the rest of this Princes actions This glorious Victory being so admirably thus atchieved if not beyond the hopes of the Protestants yet surely cleane besides the feares or doubts of the Catholikes who besides the confidence they had in their owne Forces which they esteemed Invincible had a Generall withall who amongst the three Boasts he was wont to make had this for one That he never lost Battayle But now hath he lost both Game and Lurch too Now hath he lost such a Battell as Leipsich hath fully made amends for Prague Saxony for Bohemia And yet so farre were our Protestant-Warriours from ascribing this vnto their own strength or swords that they decreed to haue the Thankes for all publikely returned vnto that Lord of Hoasts whom the King in answere to his former Prayers had now found so mightie in Battell No sooner therefore were the Swedish Conquerours come together againe from pursuing of the fleeing enemy but they were summoned to a Bid-day proclaymed throughout all the Saxon Dominions for a publicke and solemne Thankesgiving vnto GOD for this so glorious a Victory And that the Forme of it might not be left to every new-fangled invention but that the Devotion might be doubled by the Vniformitie the Ministers had this Forme of Thankesgiving prescribed vnto them to be in all their Churches rehearsed out of the Pulpit O Lord God all-puissant and invincible wee here giue thankes vnto thee for that by thine Annoynted the King of Sweden and the Elector of Saxony thou hast wrought so great salvation for thy people and these Provinces because thy mercy endureth for ever Thou O Lord God of Sabbaoth foughtest for thy people 't is thou that deliveredst vs from our cruell enemies because thy mercy endureth for ever The enemy had threatned vs that he would ruine and lay waste all our Countrey with fire massacre all the men with the sword and leade our yong men and maydens into Captivitie But thou O God Almightie hast with-held them thou hast put them vnto flight thou hast defeated them with thine owne Army because thy mercy endureth for ever Thou Lord hast revenged thy people because thy mercy endureth for ever From the very bottome of our hearts doe we giue thee thankes O Lord we tell forth all thy wonderfull workes in thee doe we rejoyce and prayse thy Name O thou most High for that thou hast thus repulsed our enemies They are falne and perished in thy sight thou Lord hast pleaded our cause and thou hast executed the Iudgement that thou mightest manifest thy selfe to be a just Iudge because thy mercy endureth for ever Thou remembredst vs O faithfull God that wee were sorely oppressed because thy mercy endureth for ever The waters had gone over our soules but thou O Lord God gavest vs not over for a prey vnto the teeth of the enemy because thy mercy endureth for ever Our soule is escaped like a bird out of the snare of the fowler the snare is broken and we are delivered because thy mercy endureth for ever Furthermore wee here invoke and from the very bottome of our hearts we beseech thee O most mercifull God that with thy temporall and eternall blessing thou wouldest reward that faithfull agreement so duely performed betweene his Majestie the King of Sweden and the Elector our Gracious Lord be present in time to come with them and with their Armyes let thy right hand potently assist them grant a long life vnto them both that their yeares may endure for ever that so they may sit vpon the Throne for ever together before thee affoord thy goodnesse and faithfulnesse vnto them which may preserue them Heape victories vpon them O mercifull God and rowse and lift vp thy selfe against the fury of our enemies refraine thou their malice cause them to fall into the pit which they haue digged for vs. Be mindfull of our bloud O Lord throw downe the wicked headlong into hell suffer not men to haue the dominion over vs manifest thy wonderfull goodnesse O thou preserver of them that trust in thee against those that are enemies vnto thy right hand Keepe vs as the apple of thine eye protect vs vnder the shadow of thy wings even against the wicked that destroy vs against our enemies that on every side lye in waite for vs. Arise O Lord and scatter them yet more and more deliver our liues from the wicked which is a sword of thine Turne moreover our enemies vnto flight scatter them like the dust put them away like the clay in the streets Remember Lord that the Enemies the Pope and his followers doe reproach thee and that the foolish people speake ill of thy Name Revenge now thine owne honour O Lord why should thine and our enemies say Where is now their God Arise vp Lord and overturne the Antichristian Papacie and maintaine on the other side thine owne Word which is the very joy of our hearts We verily O Lord of Sabbaoth are called after thy Name thou knowest that for thee alone wee suffer persecution Deliver vs therefore out of the hand of the wicked and free vs from the power of Tyrants and the more they oppose vs the vayner let their vndertakings be Be with vs and stay still with vs that thou mayst helpe vs and deliver vs. Blesse O God of peace this thy people and grant thy peace especially vnto this whole Electorate of Saxony thou hast promised O God that thou wilt giue peace vnto thy people Let righteousnesse and peace kisse each other Grant vs a good peace conceiue thoughts of peace vpon vs procure thou and preserue a sweet peace within our gates And we on the other side will giue due thankes vnto thee for the same we will laud and prayse thee for it in this world for a time and in the next vnto all eternitie Even thee we say who livest and reignest one true highly to be praysed and blessed GOD from this time forth and for evermore Amen Amen FINIS Exod. 17. Num. 10. 35 Psal 86. 17. The Queene of Swedens name is Maria Eleonora sister unto Gâ—orge William now Marquesse Elector of Erandenburg This young Lady their Daughter being the onely childe of the King of Sweden now lâ—uing is named Christina who was by the States of Sweden in the Parliament of Stockholme An. 1627. received for their Queene in case the King should dye without other Issue Psal 21. Psal 20. 1. Psal 33. 15. Psal 18. 29. * Runing the Gatelope is
the same old Israelites may abundantly informe us How often hath victory and that almost visibly too I am sure sensibly come ryding downe upon the triumphant wings of devout prayer The Tabernacle carried about by that most Christian Emperour Constantine where ever his Campe went and where in stead of a Temple hee celebrated his daily devotions conquered more perchance for him than ten of his heathen Legions If Moses prayes whilest Iosuah fights Amalek must needes be dung downe This our most pious Conquerour now that he might as neerly as might be resemble that great Hebrew Generall that first of the nine Worthiesâ—nd â—nd that ever-glorious Constantine that first of the Christian Emperours hath not courage enough it seemes to adventure himselfe into the field till he first be impregnably fortified with this holy Spell this whole armour of God Vpon the dayes of the Israelites March when their Camp in the Wildernesse removed and the Arke of God with it Moses had prayers then twice a day at the Rising namely and at the Setting downe of the Arke againe had Israel a set forme of prayer And that this religious King might not seeme to fight the Lords Battells without the Lords direction he hath taken order to haue it call'd for by most solemne and frequent prayers twice aday used throughout his whole Leaguer And that not onely when the Campe remoues but when it lyes still too not onely before a battell or a danger as if he were at Sea but even when no enemy is at hand even then he prayes too And not onely commands his Army twice a day but himselfe as I heare uses to set apart many whole dayes to his owne pious privacy and his closest devotions upon which may no man then speake to him because he then speakes with God Behold here are two swords Fighting and Praying and Praying Fighting thus hath the King of Sweden learn'd to conquer It is none of the unpolitikest parts of his Majesties new Discipline that I now present you with which the exemplary pietie of that religious Prince hath taught me to put in the first place of his Discipline seeing in the following Articles of his civill Discipline himselfe giues the first place unto those Articles which concerne God and his service To crosse that Proverbiall Verse therefore which sayes that Souldiers haue neyther Faith nor Religion in them I will here afford you some of those Formes of his daily prayer frequented in every Quarter of his Leaguer as I finde them in the Booke called Arma Suecica Pag 77. ¶ The Prayers In time of our Necessities and for the Christian Church O Almightie and eternall Lord God who delightest not in the death of a sinner but wouldest rather that all should liue and come to the knowledge of the truth we humbly intreate thee by thy Christ thine onely Sonne our Lord that thou wouldest please to bestow thy grace upon all faithfull Doctors and Teachers to the intent they may purely and clearely deliver thy Word and that all such as eyther hate it or with false doctrine corrupt it or by force persecute it thy teachers may be able manfully to resist and so enlighten them that they may bring them to the knowledge of thy selfe Grant mercifull Father thy Holy Spirit unto all Christian and lawfull Magistrates that they may well and peaceably rule their own Subjects and that under them we all leading a quiet and a blamelesse life may with a true faith celebrate the riches of thy grace and with a constant mind in all holinesse and righteousnesse as may be pleasing serue thee the true God and Lord of Lords thorough thy only beloved Sonne Iesus Christ our Lord. Amen Another Prayer to the same purpose ALmightie and everlasting God Creator of Heaven and Earth we thy poore children doe from the bottome of our hearts in the name of thy beloved Sonne Iesus Christ entreat thee that by the power of thy Spirit thou wouldst be pleased to direct thine owne Christian Church with all the true servants of it that with constancy they may cleaue unto thy Word so increasing in faith hope charitie and patience unto the end that they may be saved Vouchsafe thy divine grace also unto all Christian Kings Princes and Governours and especially the King our Soveraigne Lord and to all their Counsellours and chiefe Officers that they may so rule their Subjects thy people well and according to thy good pleasure as that peace good dealing and righteousnes may be cherished troubles injustice and all wickednesse may be banished and quite taken out of the way Looke mercifully upon our enemies and upon all those that persecute us cause that both they and we may seriously repent us of our sinnes grant them and us and all the whole Christian world such a minde to the loue of peace that we may serue thee O holy God in all pietie and honestie Comfort moreover all those that are afflicted poore sicke sorrowfull distressed captiues troubled in minde those that suffer persecution or temptation that they may beare the crosse patiently and obtaine at last a happie issue out of all their troubles Blesse the fruits of the earth also unto us for the necessary nourishment of our bodies and preserve them from all danger and ill weather And especially be thou present with us in this our expedition pardon our sinnes and mercifully turne away from us these punishments which we haue deserved Keepe safe moreover our Lord the King from all dangers both of soule and body preserue all his Captaines Commanders higher and lower together with his whole Army and our fellow-Souldiers Grant us O Lord our God unanimous and sincere minds wise direction happie proceedings and our desired end in all our actions and endevours So as may best make to the glory of thy holy Name the quietnesse peace comfort joy and happinesse finally both temporall and eternall of our selues Countrey and all these afflicted Christians which professe the Orthodox and true faith Shew us some token for good that they which hate us may see it and be ashamed because thou Lord hast holpen us and comforted us These blessings that thou wouldest vouchsafe unto us we thy poore children entreate thee humbly by the death passion of thy onely Sonne Iesus Christ who liueth and reigneth with thee world without end Amen Another Prayer to the same purpose OMnipotent and eternall God Father of our Lord Iesus Christ Creator and preserver of all things most humbly we entreate thee together with thy beloved Sonne and holy Spirit that thou wouldest be pleased to be favourable unto us even for the merits of thy Sonne Iesus Christ whom in thy wonderfull counsell thou hast given us to be a Sacrifice for our sinnes and whom thou hast appoynted to be our Advocate and Mediator that by Him thou mightest expresse thy justly conceived anger against the sinnes of the world and thy mercies towards us Sanctifie Lord and guide
together with the Sonne and Holy Ghost livest and reignest one true and eternall God Amen IV. For the King ALmightie God heavenly Father for Iesus Christ thy beloved Sonne we beseech thee favourably to looke downe upon our King guide him with thy holy Spirit keepe him with a guard of thine Angels against all dangers both of soule and body keepe him safely from all misfortunes so bring it to passe that by the expedition which he now makes we may be delivered from our enemies and that by his safe returne we being made joyfull may from thenceforth laud honour and prayse thee world without end Amen Another THe King shall rejoyce in thy strength O Lord exceeding glad shall he be of thy salvation Thou hast given him his hearts desireâ— and not denyed him the request of his lippes For thou hast filled him with the best of thy blessings and hast set a Crowne of pure gold upon his head He asked life of thee and thou gavest him a long life even for ever and ever His honour is great in thy salvation glory and great worship hast thou laid upon him For thou hast filled him with all kind oâ— blessings for ever and thou shale make him glad with the joy of thy countenance Heare him Lord in the time of trouble let thy Name set him in a safe place Send him helpe from the Sanctuary and strengthen him out of 〈◊〉 Remember also all his offerings and accept his burnt Sacrifice Grant him his hearts desire and fulfill all his mind Helpe Lord thine â—nointed and heare him from thy Sanctuary through Iesus Christ Amen Another GRant peace O God unto our King and all his Officers well to governe the Common-wealth that vnder them we may lead a Christian a quiet and a peaceable life in all devotion and in honestie Amen Another O Eternall and mercifull God heavenly Father that hast the hearts of all Kings in thy hands and bowest them which way thou pleasest so bring it to passe that by this troublesome warre the meanes of making a good agreement and of establishing a sure peace may be found out all heart-burning offences and dissention removed Thou from whom all helpe in earth commeth helpe us that so we may liue peaceably and quietly in all devotion and honestie We haue to confesse the truth plucked downe all thy plagues vpon our selues by our sinfulnesse faultinesse and transgressions But rebuke vs not in thine anger neyther chasten vs in thy heavie displeasure Correct vs to amend vs but not vtterly to destroy vs. Enlighten our eyes that we sleepe not in death Returne at length and be gracious vnto vs satisfie vs with thy goodnesse that we may rejoyce be glad all the dayes of our life Comfort vs according to the time thou hast afflicted vs and the yeares wherein we haue suffered adversitie Remember not our former iniquities Haue mercy vpon vs and that soone for wee are brought very low Helpe vs O God our helper for the honour of thy Name Deliver vs and forgiue vs our sinnes for thy Names sake because thou art the Lord the highest aboue all the world thou art long-suffering of great goodnesse and gratious nor art thou prone vnto anger and to vengeance seeing to those that repent thou hast promised remission of all their sinnes So shall we thy people and the sheepe of thy pasture giue thee thankes for ever and will speake of thy praise from generation to generation Amen V. Against all evill O Lord God heavenly Father that despisest not the sighing of the miserable nor the desire of such as be afflicted mercifully heare our prayers which we make before thee in these our necessities and grant that those evills which the Devill or man worketh against vs be brought to nought and that by the providence of thy goodnesse they may be dispersed that we being hurt by no persecution may giue thee thankes in thy holy Church and prayse thee evermore for the same thorough Iesus Christ thy Sonne our Lord. Amen Another Prayer O Lord God heavenly Father who well knowest that by reason of our humane frailtie we are not able of our selues to subsist in so many dangers graunt such strength vnto vs both of soule and body that whatsoever doth vexe or trouble vs by reason of our sinnes wee may by thine assistance be able to overcome through Iesus Christ our Lord. Amen Another ALmightie and eternall God which out of thine own meere mercy hast called vs miserable sinners vnto the knowledge of thy selfe in Iesus Christ we from the bottome of our hearts entreate thee to governe vs by thy Holy Spirit and to guard vs by thy holy Angels that neyther the Devill or naughtie people no nor the wickednesse of our own sinfull flesh may thrust vs headlong into securitie or to the leading of a wicked life to the offence of our brethren but that being by thee delivered out of all their snares we may haue thee alwayes before our eyes loue thee aboue all and our neighbour as our selues profiting thereby in faith charitie hope and patience vntill the comming of our blessed Saviour Iesus Christ to deliver vs out of all these evils with which we haue a daily conflict here in this world and to translate vs vnto joyes celestiall To whom with thee and the Holy Ghost be all honour and glory world without end Amen VI. Against our enemies O Lord Iesus Christ Sonne of the living God thou onely art the true Souldier and Captaine the Lord mightie in Battell Behold thine enemies rage mightily and those that hate thee rise vp against vs they take subtle counsell together against thy people and lay their heads together against thy secret ones Goe too say they let vs cut theÌ„ off that they be no more a people that the name of Israel may be blotted out For we put not our trust in our owne strength for we know that there is no King that can be saved by the multitude of an Host neyther is any mightie man delivered by much strength An horse is counted but a vaine thing to saue a man neyther shall be deliver any man by his great strength but our trust is in thee that art our refuge and a Tower of defence against our enemies Thou being our Captaine we shall discomfit an Host of men and with the helpe of our God wee shall leape over the wall Thou being our ayde we shall doe famous exployts thou art able to beate our enemies to dust they compasse vs about but in thy name we will destroy them they come about vs like Bees smoake against vs like fire among thornes but in thy Name wee will destroy them Thou overthrewest Pharaoh and his Host in the red Sea thou constreynedst Senacherib to turne againe into his owne Country thou overthrewest proud Haman and threwest owne the haughtie Holofernes So Lord deale with our enemies doe vnto them as thou diddest vnto the Madianites and as
nor had the King as yet beaten his way thorough vnto them for that Tilly still kept in the wind of him betwixt Pomeren and Saxonie 3. Had Saxonie by declaring with the King sooner provokt Tilly to fall vpon him either before the taking of Magdenburg or after never had the Protestants beene able to haue assisted the King of Sweden 4. If the maine of their objection still lies against the Duke of Saxonie the cheife Engine indeed of all the motion they shall find him to haue beene the lesse too blame if they consider how strongly he was by the other partie laid at so wrought hee was by another finenesse that notwithstanding he had beene earnestly enough sollicited by the King in time to provide for himselfe by a seasonable declaring on his side had beene foretold what would one day come of it yet besides the difficultie that was in it for him to discover the Toyle he was alreadie gotten into it had seemed a discourtesie against all the civilities of Courtship to haue vpon such termes broken short off with the Emperour Flatterie and Protestation the two Court-Iuglers in ordinarie had cast such a mist before the Dukes eyes that it was not easie for him to discover how the Leger-demain was conveyed against him The Emperours Ambassadour all this while resident with him had much courted and smooth'd him vp that his Highnesse services and endeerments to the Emperour were too many ever to be forgotten Flattered vp besides he was with that glorious stile of being the Pillar of the Empire and the Achilles of Germanie And as much plyed with warme clothes by some of his owne Councell he was who though his servants were yet the Pensioners of the house of Austria But for all this could those of other Nations by broad day-light discerne that the Elector of Saxonie was likely another day to finde no other favour at the Emperours hands then what Vlisses of old requested of the Giant Polyphemus to bee the last man that should bee eaten This error and danger of his owne the Duke at length by the light of his owne Countrey now all on a flame about his eares came to haue the sight of which with a just indignation he in some high termes represented vnto the Emperors Ambassador at his finall dismissing him from his Court. Then could he discerne that the kisse which the Ambassador at parting offered to his hand was but a Iudas kisse and so was he bold to call it Then did he remember also how little either his owne former intercessions or those of other Protestant Princes for a good peace had hither to beene respected by the Catholikes and that a many of them had all this while beene of the Duke of Bavaria's opinion who in the yeare 1620. suffered and perchance with applause too this following passage and that in publike Oration then made before him by way of Congratulation for the taking of Prague and the Proscribing of the Prince Palatine to be put vpon our most peaceable Salomon our well-meaning Nathaniel King Iames Intercesserat pro Palatino filio idque Oratorum fuco magnae Britanniae Rex quos spernendos esse optimo exemplo docuit serenitas vestra For the Palatine his sonne had the King of great Britaine interceeded by some counterfeit pretences of his Ambassadors which Ambassadors that they ought to bee dispised your Highnesse hath taught by an excellent example Thus much Isay did the Duke of Bavaria not onely suffer to bee audibly pronounced before him but publikely to be imprinted also as if they little cared who knew it so be they had power to maintaine it The Duke of Saxonie beginning now to bee more apprehensiue of all this and perceiving at the same time the Generall Tilly to pinch vpon him to be already with fire and sword fallen into his Countrey Sergeant Major Generall Altringer to bee comming against him by the way of Duringen and Diepenbach the Field-Marshall to bee advancing out of Silesia both intending to joyne with Tilly away is the Lord Arnheym dispâ—â—ded towards his Majestie of Sweden to make humble demaund of his royall assistance The King now prizing his owne power and the Dukes need of it at higher rates then himselfe when he had formerly made proffer of it would haue beene content to haue afforded it for delivers these fiue demaunds vnto Arnheym to be carried to his Maister 1. That the Elector should consigne over the Towne of Wittenberg into his Majesties hands both for his passage and retreat 2. That he should send his Sonne to remaine for hostage in the Kings Armie 3. That the Elector should presently advance 3. moneths meanes afore-hand for the payment of the Kings Armie 4. That the Dukes false Counsellors should bee delivered to the King or bee punished by himselfe according to their demerits 5. That the Elector should engage his Faith and Honour to the King ever to stand prest to adventure both his life and fortunes yea and his Electorate it selfe in defence of the Reformed Religion To see how mens present necessities can prevaile over the stiffenesse of their former resolutions Hee that would at no hand treat with the King before now sends him more satisfaction then hee expected This was the Dukes answer 1. That not his Towne of Wittenberg alone but his whole Countrey was from thence-forth at his Majesties devotion 2. That he would not onely send his Sonne but himselfe in person would wait vpon his Majesties Armie 3. As for making the three moneths pay downe vpon the naile that he professed himselfe at the instant not able to satisfie his Majestie in but one moneths meanes hee would presently make tender of and securitie for the other two 4. Were but those false Councellors once named unto him he would himselfe see condigne punishment inflicted upon them 5. That he was not ready to expend his fortunes and what ever els he had but to engage his life for the Religion promising from that time forth to sticke most closely unto the King This answere being cheerefully and with much assurance delivered by the Ambassadour the King sayth That hee would trie the Duke whither he were in good earnest or not Passing his Army therefore over the Bridge of Wittenberg and leaving a Garrison of his owne within the Towne to Dieben he goes to meete the Electors of Saxony and Brandenberg as in our other booke wee before told you There was it in private consultation betwixt these three Princes deliberated whither it were best presently to bid the enemie battle or to make a longer warre of it The votes were a little devided at the first The King to trie what mettall the Duke was made of frames some reasons to draw the warre out into length against which the Duke makes use of these two Arguments 1. That it concerned himselfe speedily to fight that hee might free as soone as might be his Subjects and Dominions of the enemie 2. That it also
as much concernd the King too for that the Countrey now halfe taken by the enemie was not long able to maintaine two such armies That the Duke sourged to the battle was not I suppose because his courage was more then the Kings but because his necessities were more personall and more pressing If he sought not all were lost and if hee were overthrowne all were out lost then much more honourable besides it was to dye for his Countrey in the field in a braue battle then to liue the Emperors Bandite or Almes-man for a while and either to die without an Epitaph or haue that of a coward branded rather then engraven upon his Tomb-stone This hanging off of the Kings drew no doubt the Tyes something the straighter which he before had upon the Duke engaged him perchance into some new promises and privater obligations Thus did the wise King finely suffer himselfe to be drawne into the hazard chiefly upon the opportunity of the Duke keeping to himselfe the inward contentment that he found to see Saxony now so forward and concealing the reason of warre withall which privately cald upon him to hasten the encounter as much as it did Tilly to deferre it whom these of his owne side now the battle is lost condemne for fighting Well the Duke of Saxony that had beene thus forward in the advise would also be as forward in the enterprise For I finde him the first man in the field which the King was willing to permit also for besides that it was an honour to the Duke to be the forwardest in fighting for his owne Countrey the King who as the proverb is knew well enough how to lead his men though he droue not the Saxons before him yet was he the surer of them by having them thus before him Much about this time as the report goes did the Generall Tilly out of the fatall bravary of a confident Souldier and the inevitablenesse of his owne destinie invite his owne overthrow by a Trumpet sent unto the King with a message to this purpose That as hee was a braue Cavalier hee should come and giue him a Battle This low terme of Cavalier the Kings heroicall spirit receiving with a just disdaine as it is sayd trampled upon the Letter thus replying withall unto the Trumpet What! doth your Generall thinke mee worthy of no better a style then of a Cavalier I am a King and tell him I shall well finde him out Tilly vpon receit of this message prepares his Army as if to accept of a victory rather then to fight much for it and very welcome to his men was the tidings of a pitcht battle so confident they were of their owne strength which they counted invincible and so glad of the oportunity What sayth the Count of Pappenheym Field marshall unto Tilly when he saw the blood prodigiously dropping from the houses at Hall where hee then was must wee bleed will the King of Sweden beare us that 's impossible Proclamation hereupon is through every Quarter of the Leaguer made that vpon the hearing of certaine warning peeces every man should repaire to his colours and to his order Some of Tillyes Councell of warre were of opinion that having fortified their leaguer it were best to expect the Swedens falling on vpon it as they had done them at Sweds and Werben But the most voices and courages prevailed that it were more honour to meete the enemie in the field whom perchance they might take vnprovided Vpon the fatall 7. of September therefore being Wednesday the Generall Tilly with full 44000. braue men first advances from his Leaguer into the field The place was a goodly faire plaine field part whereof had beene ploughed about a mile from the Towne of Leipsich Part of Tillyes Leaguer was neere vnto the common burying place without the Citie walls vsually in Germany called Gods Acre Some haue affirmed it to haue beene the very same place where the Emperor Charles the 5th did heretofore over-throw Maurice then Duke of Saxonie But this conjecture of theirs seemes to be contradicted by Sleidan who assignes the place of that former victory to be ad silvam Lochanam the wood of Lochan which they of the Germane Nation affirme to be neerer vnto Hall 18. or 20. English miles from Leipsich Vpon this plaine aforesaid there is a rising ground a little hill and a wood likewise towards the West whereabouts with a fatall Omen the place of execution also is as you may perceiue described in the first Mappe Here had Tilly like a prudent Generall that was carefull for all advantages at first placed himselfe the Hill besides that it served him commodiosly to plant his Canon vpon was very easie withall for him to descend but very troublesome on the other side for the Swedes to climbe vp vnto The wood served him both to hide his men in at first and for a retreat afterwards for them if they should be put vnto it The watch word for his Army was Sancta Maria or as some High Dutch Relations say Mary the Mother of God The token to know one another by was white strings or ribbands about their armes and in their helmets as if they had beene Diademes and that that day would haue made them all Kings The vnion being thus made and the battell concluded vpon betwixt the Kings Majestie of Sweden and their Highnesses the Electors of Saxonie and Brandenburg the King having first over-viewed the Armies vpon Tuesday Sept. 6. commaunds a Bid-day or day of more solemne prayers throughout every Quarter The devotions ended the Army in faire array moved that night from Dieben 4. Dutch miles from Leipsich till they came within 2. Dutch miles some 6. or 8. English miles of the enemie where putting out good Guards and watches they for that night rested That same night had the King a strange dreame a divine one no doubt thus His Majestie thought in his sleepe that he had his enemie Tilly fast by the haire of the head which for all his strugling he would not let goe vntill Tilly seemed to bite him by the left side This vpon the successe of the battell was thus interpreted That the King should haue the vpper hand of his enemie and that Tilly should defeate the Duke of Saxonie who had the left side and hand of the King in the day of battell The next morning being the fatall day Wednesday Sept. 7. which the Germane Writers call diem Reginae they before day light were vpon their march again Being come neere to the Village called Scholcka marked in the Mappe with the letters Ee they might there discrie the Enemie vpon the advantage of the rising ground which wee before spake of Tilly was at first a little deceived by his skowtes and Espialls who vpon the first discovering of the Saxon forces in the gray morning had brought him too hastie word that the Duke of Saxonie was onely then a comming By
made the name of Tilly so renowned All the ill-gotten wealth and fore-gotten glory of it was in poore fiue houres space such is the fortune of the warres now quite lost and confounded This I say was the end of it Nine or 10000. men were left dead in the field and chase many thousands sorely wounded whereof some shortly after dyed and others thereby vtterly made vnserviceable Diverse were taken prisoners and 6000. forsaking the side tooke oath and pay for the Kings service not a few besides running quite away and never more returning to their Colours Thus of 44000. marching men Tilly never came to Muster 16000. againe perchance not so many yea perhaps not halfe so many of the selfe same men at leastwise not halfe so many of the Foote who could not so fast followe their fleeing Generall towards the Weser The King this morning marching towards Leipsich there seased vpon the enemies whole standing Camp Here were found full 3000. Wagons with all their baggage tents and pavilions a great number of Cattle Horses Oxen Sheepe Asses Poultrie Bread Wine meate vpon the Spits with other necessary provisions much costly stuffe with some gold and silver both in vessell and readie money There were many aboue 100. Ensignes and Cornets brought vnto the King with 14. great peices of halfe Curtoes or Demicanon and 16. smaller feild-peices of 8. or 10. pound ball some whereof had the Armes of the Emperour vpon them others of the Duke of Bavaria of Wallensteyn the Palsgraue the Elector of Brandenbnrg the Duke of Brunswicke c. And thus haue we told you something of what was done in every part of the Battayle The foure great Brigades of Foote in the Van of the Kings mayn Battayle were thought too strong to be medled withall the Imperialists therefore never fell on there Nor did any part of them nor of their after-troupes those I meane betwixt the Battayle and the Reserues of it once moove onely the King commaunded some troupes to goe and ayde Hebron once Nor did the Count of Thurne stirre Nor was the further end of Banniers people medled withall els the whole Armie was in action The King of Sweden lost but 700. men as Gallobelgious reports and the Duke of Saxony 2000. The men of note slaine on the Kings side were the gallant Baron Dyvell Hall Collenbach and Corville all Colonells Slaine on the Duke of Saxonyes part Sergeant-Major-Generall Bindhauff Colonell Starschedel with diverse other Officers and Captaines both of Horse and Foote On Tillyes side these great personages slaine Adolphus Duke of Holsteyn Otho Fredericke Count of Schomberg that day Generall of the Ordnance Theodore Othmar of Erwitte Sergeant-Major-Generall of the Armie the Lord Baumgarten Baron of Grotte together with Coloredo Gallas Wallensteyn Lobell and Zabilli all Colonells with diverse other Lieutenant-Colonells Sergeant-Majors Rit-maisters and Captaines slaine eyther vpon the place or dying within a few dayes after or their wounds Taken prisoners the Generall-Adjutant Zinzindorff the two Imperiall Comissaries-Generall Walmerde and Graff with Coronino Blackhart Barcelli Kratz Hazelung Larme Klinzi and Winckleman all Colonells together with Bernard that was Secretary and Treasurer vnto Tilly diverse Captaines and some Iesuites who no doubt came thither to blesse the Armie And this was as complete a victory as possibly could be gotten Not stolen by night which Alexander scorned but without stratageme by fine force and true prowesse atchieved in the broad day-light betwixt twelue and seaven in the afternoone No advantage of place to giue it away it was vpon a fayre levell and in Campagnia No casuall advantage but was against the King the winde the wood and the higher ground all on the enemies side No advantage in numbers or reputations of men neyther Tillyes were the more the older Souldiers and their Armie by themselues accounted Invincible Nay one disadvantage the King had as great as possibly almost could be which was in sight not onely a wonderfull encouragement to the enemy but a most mayne weakning of the one halfe of his Majesties Army and an evident disheartning to the rest for seeing t is the Eye that is first overcome in any battell if the sight of the Saxons defeate would haue discouraged the Swedens that had given a sore onset to the victory So that all the advantages lay on the enemies side and the disadvantages on the Kings But yet even thus can the Lord of Hoasts giue away the victory Tillyes manly heart t is sayd could not refraine his teares when hee saw his braue old Souldiers thus going to ruine The whole fault he layd vpon the Crabats Imperiall horse who after a few hard charges cowardly ranne away and never made head againe No Generall could haue done more than the valiant Tilly that day did nor would any wise man that were no more than truely valourous haue stood one minute longer vpon the place from whence the Generall Tilly ranne away But there is no Battell against the Lord So that this old Conquerour still vsed to see the backs of his enemies is now glad to shew them his owne heeles and thus wounded as he was to flee that night towards Hall seven Dutch myles from the place of Battell Hither did the Earles of Furstenberg and Pappenheym both sorely wounded also come vnto him where having dressed their wounds the two Eaâ—les the next day fled away in a hackney Coach hyred at Hall and Tilly by himselfe in a Horse-litter all taking their way towards Ascherleben and Halberstadt first and thence onwards towards the River of Weser where the Emperour had given him some Lands and whereabouts he had formerly beene when he first advanced against the King of Sweden Tilly had in the fight received two some say three severall wounds vpon his body besides a shrewd brush or counterbuff with the stock of a Musket given him by a common Souldier which being aymed full at his head notwithstanding that the old man bare off as well as he could with his feeble arme yet so rudely for all that did it light vpon the side of his necke shoulder and arme that the poore man complained more of that blow than of any of his other wounds The Souldier that reacht it him was immediately beaten downe dead vpon the place that so meane a man might never liue to glory what he had done to the gallant Generall Tilly. Sure it is that Tilly had his wounds dressed by the Towne-Barber of Hall and a report was raysed vpon it that the fellow should haue afterwards discovered vnto the King at his comming vnto Hall that Tillyes bodie was as hard as the wall that he was hard-shot or shot-free and that the Bullets had not peirced the flesh but made bruises rather in it and that to his horrible torture he was faine to endure the cutting out of the bruised flesh vnto the very hard bone Indeede thus much haue I seene in a High-Dutch
when he that hath done the fault is to runne between the Regiment standing halfe on one side halfe on the 〈◊〉 with Wâ—ippes 〈…〉 their hands to laâ—h and cudgel thâ— offâ—nder which punishment many a shamelessâ— soldiour will be hired to vndergoe for drinke or money An excuse of the Germane Protestants for not joyning sooner with the King of Sweden The vnion betwixt the D. of Saxonie and the King A consultation wherein the King seemes to disswade the Battle Saxonies Arguments for the Battle The Battle agreed upon Tilly invites the King to fight with him The place of the battell The King of Swedens dreame The Armies in view one of another Tilly sends to disturb their passage and the stratagem vsed The Protestants divide into two Armies Tilly advances into the field His order of battell The King sends a Letter vnto Tilly. Tillyes answer The Kings order of Battell * So doe severall High-Dutch Relations name him but whether rightly or no I cannot learne I rather thinke it should be Axel Oxenstiern * Towards Bohemia as I suppose for I find them to be Governors of Prague afterwards To which place they were thought fittest to be sent as having beene there in the former warres and in the Battell of Prague also where they then served on the King of Bohemiaes side The Duke of Saxonies order A lucky Omen to the King Another to the Duke of Saxony The Battells joyne Some strugling for the winde The Fight begun with great Ordnance Pappenheym charges the King in the right wing The D. of Holstein charges Bannier in the Reere of the right vving The Duke of Holstein taken prisoner Pappenheyms left vving defeated The King alights to pray Tilly charges Gustavus Horn in the left wing Tilly and Furstenberg both together fall vpon the Saxons and rowt them Newes of the Victory carried to the Emperour A single Combate Gustavus Horn defeates those that chargd him Furstenberg charges the Reere of the Swedens left vving Is defeated wounded by Hall who is slaine himselfe also Col Collenbach slaine by the Imperialists The same Imperialists rowted by other of Collenbachs men * That is lustily valiantly Baron Dyvell slaine Sir Iohn Hebron charges Tilly. Diverse Scottish Ancients slaine at once Lieutenant Colonel Muschamp with the Scots of my Lord Reayes and Colonel Lumsdel men defeats those that they were sent against Hebron defeats Tilly. * This report made here at first by a Gentleman that was sent by the King of Sweden vnto our Kings Majestie I haue since found to be confirmed in Dan Heinsius his Panegyrick written vnto the King of Sweden who sayes that the Foote that did this service advanc't them selues before their owne Horse who it seemes charged presently in vpon it vpon the enemy Yea the King himselfe vses to exercise his Souldiers to these postures Tilly wounded and thought to be prisoner Tilly rescued and carryed out of the field The King with his right wing charges those in the Wood. overthrowes them The victory The Chace * Septingâ—ntorum Slaine on the Kings side On the Saxons * He was Feb. 29. following very honorably buryed at Torgau On Tillyes The completnesse of the Victory Tilly excused Tilly flees Tilly againe excused In the Booke called Arma Succiâ—a p. 163 t is affirmed That Perusâ— Governour of Gripswald had his body hardned with such charmes and that the first bullet did not peirce him yet the second payd him home T is so familiar a practise that Souldiers make no question of it See if you please what we haue before written in the description of this Battell in our First part of the Intelligencer * These letters were intercepted by the Pope and seut over hither vnto Cardinall Woolsey