to seperate themselves speedily from them Kings Letter to Scotland in favour of Papists About this time The King wrote a Letter to the Council of Scotland in which he takes no notice at all of Protestant Dissenters but recommends to them his innocent Roman Catholick Subjects who with their Lives and Fortunes had been alwayes assistant to the Crown in the worst of Rebellions c. These he heartily recommended to their Care that they might have the benefite of his Laws and that security under his Government as others of his Subjects had and that Obligations might not be imposed upon them which their Religion could not admitt of wherein they would do him most acceptable Service c. SECT 2. Sect. 2 Now the Hungarian War calls us thither again The Duke of Lorram joining the Imperial Army in June Hungary Marches towards Buda where he arrived the 21st The 2d Seidge of Buda and placed his Men in their Old Trenches near the lower Buda A deserting Jaâ—â—saâ—y coming to the Duke told him there were not above Six thousand Men in the Town and that the Garison was not near so strong as at the former Seige which Intelligence did much encourage the Beseigers The Seige is carryed on with a great deal of industry till the 4th of July On which day the Brandenburgers arrived in the Camp The 9th the Beseidged made a Sally and did considerable Damnage but were repulsed The 13th the Duke commanded a Lodgement to be made on the Breach in which Attack he lost near a Thousand Men besides many Officers and Fifty Volunteers whereof were several Noblemen and divers English Men of good quality On the 22d The Turks Sallyed on the Bavarian Quarter and did considerable Execution On the 27. the Duke made a general Assault and the Germans fixed their Lodgement on the first Wall On the 3d. of August they made a general Assault again on the second Wall but were beaten off with a considerable loss On the 13th the Duke had certain advice that Nincy thousand Turks were on their March towards him Whereupon leaving Twenty thousand Men to carry on the Seige he marched all the rest of the Army out of the Lines and drew up in order of Battle A sharp skirmish And hearing that the Grand-Visier had detached Six thousand Jaussaries and Four thousand Spahis all choice Men to take up some Advantageous posts on the Neighbouring Hills he sent off seven Regiments of Horse and some few Hungarians to oppose them who with the help of the Regiments of Taff forced the Enemy head-long down the Hill Turks worsted with so great fury and slaughter as near three thousand Jaussaries lay on the spot and the rest retired towards Esseck The Germans brought back with them eight peices of Cannon thirty Cullors and Standards with three hundered Prisoners And perhaps a more vigorous Action was never performed by Horse alone The two Armies being drawn up in Battle array Confronted one mother Buda Attackt at a respectful dutance for some time at last the Turks drew back by degrees towards the Hills on which the Christians advanced their right wing some â—hâ—t before their main Body which the Turks perceiving made a faint Attack but were repulsed It drawing late the Christians retired towards their Trenches slowly and in good order The Grand Visier also retired with his Army towards Aâ—ba Regaâ—â—â— and ordered the Basha who gave him an account of the Defeat in the Morning to be strangled only for saying they charged the Christians like Lyons but they received them like Devils The Seige is still curryed on with all the force and industry possible for Men till the 1st of September the Grand Visier in the mean time using all endeavours to throw in some Men into the Town which he could not possibly perform That day the Christian Army was strengthened by the Accession of ten thousand Men under the Command of Count Scherffenberg whereon it was unanimously agreed to storm the Town the next day which was performed accordingly for all things being put in due order the Cannons and Mortars playing all the Forenoon and the signal being given at three Afternoon all the Detatchments advanced and mounted the Breaches with as great Order as Courage Buda taken by Storm The Germans were twice beaten back but being animated with the Dukes presence who led them on himself made a third Attack so furiously as they entered the Town with the slaughter of eight hundered Janisaries who defended that Breach where the Visier Basha was in person who through the whole Action gave great proofs of his Bravery and being first Wounded was at last killed in the breach The other Detatchmen's going on with the like Resolution entered the Town on all sides so as in little more than an Hours time they made themselves absol to Masters of the Town The Souldiers round in the Town a great dale of Plate Jewels and Money so as many of them had two or three thousand pound for his share Of Five thousand Men in the Town at first above three thousand were killed and about a thousand five hundred of them getting in to a Redoubt hung out a Flag and begged Quarters which the Duke was pleased to grant The number of Christians slain was about Five hundered and not so many Wounded The Grand-visier retires with shame to Alba Regalis they got in the Town Four hundered peices of Cannon This Victory was the more Glorious that it was acquired in the sight of the Grand Visier and his powerful Army who had not Courage to attempt the relief of it but so soon as he knew the Town was taken he set Fire to his Camp and retired with dishonour and grief to Alba Regalis Things being set in order in Buda the Duke sends the Prince of Baden to take in five Churches Prince of Baden takes five Churches Syclos and Capsowar Burns the Bridge of Esseck in which Garisonthere was a Basha seven Beys and two thousand sive hundered Men Notwithstanding which force the Prince plying them hard with Cannon which made a great Breach forced them on the 20th of October to surrender at discretion so as the Garison and all the Inhabitants were made Prisoners of War The Prince sends the Count of Sherffenberg with the half of his Forces to beseidge Sycloâ— And then retires to Winter Quarters who arrived before it on the 25 of October and the Garison after a faint resistance surrendered at discretion After this the Count re-joines the Prince at Darda who marched streight to Esseck where he burnt all the Bridge from Darda to the Drave and all the Turks Boats on that River From thence he marched back to Capsowar which surrendered on Articles And the Weather growing bad he sends all his Troops into Winter Quarters SECT 3. Sect. 3 At the same time that the Duke sent the Prince of Baden to take in Five Churches he sent
seize and secure him Montmelian yeilded to the French By this time the Duke of Bavaria with Eight thousand Germans comes up on which Catinat repasses the Po and sends the Marquess de Hoquincourt to beseige Montinelian who took it a trice but the Castle held out still The Dukes of Savoy and Bavaria did what they could to draw Catinat to a Battle which he altogether declin'd And passing the Po Carmagnola taken by Prince Eugina Prince Eugine invested Carmagnola on the 27 of September and on the 8 of October the Garison Capitulat and surrendered on Honourable Terms Montmelian Fortress yeilded to Catinate Not withstanding this Catinat has orders to attack the Fortress of Mountmelian which he did on the 16 of November wherein conflicting both with the rigour of the Season and a desperat Enemy he overcame all with that patience and constancy as the Fortress was Surrendered to him on the 22d of December upon Honourable Terms by which place the French became entire Masters of all the Dutchy of Savoy SECT 4. Sect. 4 In Hungary Hungary Prince Lewis of Baden headed the Imperial Army near Peter Waradin from thence Prince of Paden worsted by the French in August he marched towards the Enemy who encamped at Semom on the Save where he used all means to draw them out of that fastness wherein they were so securely Encamped with a hundred and fifty peices of Cannon all mounted on Batteries which seing he could not effect he retreated towards Salankemen The Turks thinking he fled pursue him which pleased him very well On the 18. of August he posted his Army on all the rising Hills about Salankemen By this time the Turkish Army was come pretty near and in the mean time Buquo's Regiment of Dragoons being detacht to secure two hundred Wagoons who were coming from Peter Waradin was surrounded by the Enemy and after a valiant resistance were all killed and taken and the same day the Recruits of Hoffkirken and Caprara's Regiments fell under the same misfortune all the Women Baggage Waggons and Led-horses were lost with two hundred Waggon load of Provisions and twelve hundred Oxen that drew them In the mean time the Prince observed that the Enemy were posted on much more advantagious Ground than his own Army and finding a necessity either of hazarding to attack them in their Camp or starving in the place his Provisisions being almost exhausted he generously resolved on the former nnd on the next day being the 19 of August he put all things in order to the best advantage The great battle at Salankemen The Prince draws out his Army and with undaunted Courage marches on and attacks the Enemy who received him with great resolution It was near 3 in the afternoon before the Armies were fully Engaged but once Engaged there was Bloody work on all sides till night came on about which time the Turks being over powered with downright force and fury fell in disorder and in short betook themselves to flight the Christians pursued them till it fell dark and all next day killing a great many who had hid themselves in the Boggs and amongst the rushes and then possessed themselves of the feild of Battale and of all their Tents Cannon Baggage Amunition and all other Provisions The Tinks routed The loss on both sides was very great the Conquerors themselves owning that they had near seven thousand killed and wounded and among them many good Officers But of the Turks they reckoned no less then eighteen thousand killed in the Battle and almost all their Officers were killed wounded and taken Prisoners And to compleat the Victory The Grand Visier killed and eighteen thousand Turk not only the Serasquer Basha and the Capital Aga of the samsaries were found amongst the slain but the Grand-Visier Cupergh also who was the most accomplisht person in all the Ottoman Empire Several towns taken all Sclavonia reduced to the Emperours obedience After this General Capraâ—a took Lippa And in Sclavonia The Duke of Croy took Broâ—a Grandisca Possega and Baâ—aros so as all â—clavonia became intirely reduced under the Emperours obedience Yet at great Wâ—raâ—in Seige they had not so good successe for tho the imperial Troops attackt it with much Vigour yet they could not prevail against it so as after all they were forced to turn the Seige into a Blockade with which ended the Campaign in Hungary During which time Sir William Hussey the King of Englands Embassador at the Ottoman Fort was Negotrating a Peace betwen the two Empires tho with little appearance of Successe We do not find any thing dono this year by the Venetians worth mentioning King of Poland marches into Moldavia The King of Poland marched his Army twenty thousand strong once more into Moldavia designing to march that way as far as Budziack But he had not marched far into Moldavia till he heard a great body of Taâ—tars were not far from him against whom ho marched but they retreated so fast as he could not overtake them so he marched to Jassi which the Hospodar had quitted and took possession of it He took also Roman Nimick and Novacran And the â—eâ—son being now far spent retreated homeward with his whole Army On the first of February this year dyed Alexander the 8th Pope of Rome Remarkables on this year 1691. Pope Alexander the 8th Monsieur Louvois after he had sit in the Holy Chaire 15 Months and 21 Dayes To whom succeded Pignatelli the Cardinal being then 76. years and 4 moneths old taking on him the Name of Innocent the 12. On the 16th of July dyed the Cheif Minister and Secretary of State in France Monsieus Louvois Duke of Saxonie all die And on the 2â—d of September dyed at Tubing John George Elector of Saxony he had by Anna Sophia daughter of Fredrick the 3d. King of Denmark John George the 4th who was born on the 17th of October 1668. And Fredrick Augustus who by his Brothers death without Heirs became Elector of Saxony and now chosen King of Poland CHAP. XVII Anno 1692 SECT 1. Sect. 1 We begin this year 1692. conform to our former method with our Affairs at home The King having setled all matters with the Farliament according to his own mind The King goes to Holland on the 5th of March he Adjourn'd them to the 12th of Aprile and so he went to Holland where he Landed the 16th of March and after some stay at the Hague he went to Loo and thence to the Army After the Kings departure the Queen had some notice of an invasion intended from France on which she ordered the hasâ—ning out of the Fleet stopt the Forces designed for Flanders with whom and some other Troops she ordered a Camp to be formed near Portsmouth The late King had at that time a considerable Army posted on the Coast of Normandy ready to be Embarked so soon as the French Fleet could come up
the Entâ—â—nchments where they stood the Enemies Fire and charged in the same manner as the Foot which perhaps was hardly ever seen before they alighted from their Horses and passed the moat on the bodies of the slâ—in Mâ—n In the meâ—n time the Germans on the left wing cut off the Turks way to the Bridge whereon followed a most horrible slaughter A terriâ—le slaughter as well in the Trenches as upon the Bridge and a great many were drowned in the River endeavouring to escape the Sword the Germans giving no quarter no not to Basha's nor General Officers though they offâ—red grâ—at ransoms for their Lives so eagâ—â— the Souldâ—ers were on Hood from whence it came to pass so few were taken â—â—isoners The Night put an end to the Battle The gallant Conduct of the Officers and the Courage of the Soldier cannot be express nor sufficiently praised But above all the great skill and dexterity of Prince Engenius is to be highly extolled who being far inferior to the Enemy in number was so critically watchful of his opportunity falling upon them whilst divided so as the one part could not relieve the other The Grandsignior fled in great consternation to Temeswaer being pursued thither by a Body of Horse within half a Mile of the Town A great many were killed in the next dayes pursuit The computation of the slain being at last made besides the Grandvisier the Aga of the Jâ—nisaries Twenty seven Basha's and many other Officers there were said to be killed above Twenty thousand Men Grandvisier Aga and 27 Baâ—ha's killed and Ten or Twelve thousand drowned in the Thyâ—sse Six thousand Wounded and but few taken â—risoners In the Camp they got the Grandsigniors Tent and all the rest 160 peices of Cannon 5â—0 Drums as many Cullors 47 pair of Ketâ—le Drums Account of Men sâ—ain a Coach with six Horses wherein were Ten Women of the Seraglio All their Baggage and Provisions 6000 Wagâ—ns loaden with Amunitiâ—n c. 6000 Camels 6000 Horses 12000 Oxen And of the Spoil with a great number of other Rich Spoiles The Grandsigniors Tâ—nt being valued at 40000 Florins Next Morning a Transilvanian Commissary brought to the â—rince the Grandsigniors Seal a curious peice of Workmanship which confirmed the Grandvisiors Death he being bound to cary the Seal always about his Neck This Victory was the more Glorious and happy to the Imperialists because they got it with the loss of so few Men as they did not so much as condescend upon a definite number The Battle was fought on the 13th of September 1697. The only unhappiness of the Imperialists was that this Victory fell so late in the year as they had not a convenient opportunity of following the blow and all they could do the short remainder of the Campaign was to make an incursion into Bosnia from whence they returned with a considerable Booty And so we shall return to make a Conclusion of the Negotiations of the Peace SECT 3. Sect. 3 About the time the late Treaty wâ—s Signed several Embassadors of the Alies Princes and States of the Empire waited upon our King at Loo where notwithstanding the Conclusion of the foresaid Treaties an Offensive and Defensive Alliance was whispered to be entered into or rather renewed between the Allies Here again the Emperours Embassadors begin to complain how they were injured by an immature Treaty To which it was Answered that it was much their own fault by delaying to put in their Complaints in time Emperors Embassadors sign the Peace whereto they had so often been advised and withal the thing being done it could not be done overagain So the Imperialists seing it in vain to complain applyed themselves to adjust the remaining points in controversie with France And after several altercations and fruitles strugles of the Imperialists at last they accorded and on the 30 of October being but 2 days before the time limited by France to accept her offers the Treaty was Signed The Protestant Princes mâ—ve for favour to the Protestants The particulars whereof if the Reader know them not or be curious to know â—e may find them as easily as these of the rest of the Confederats Towards the Conclusion of the Negotiation the Protestant Princes shewed their Zeal in moving earnestly by the Mediator that some favour should be shown and priviledges and Immunities granted to the Protestants of Strasâ—urg and other Cities of Allatia Took no Effect which belonged to the French King how the matter was managed amongst them is not well known but the motion was so little regarded as it took not the effect wish't for SECT 4. Sect. 4 My Author reflecting on the whole Negotiation and the Conclusion thereof and taking notice of the vast Concessions and Surrendre is the French King has made determines the advantages of the Peace very great on the Confederats side And so he returns to King William in Holland who stayed there till the whole work was perfected and having justly and Honourably payed off all the Forreign Troops who are now on their March towards their Respective Homes after the fatigue of this tedious War He returned to England and upon the 16 of November at the Citizens request he made his publick entry through London King William returns to England being attended by all the Men of quality in very great state And never in one day in all his Life His solemn Reception in London saw so many People and all his own Subjects And in whose affections â—e triumphed as much as ever he had done at any time over his Enemies And may he alwayes do the first and never have occasion for the second but may we long live under the benigne influence of his happy Reigne who hath rescued our Religion and Liberties out of the Jaws of Hell and Destruction has lo intrepidly fought our Battles for us And at lengh restored unto us the Comforts and Blessing of a Firm and Honourable Peace Postscript HAving given a breif account of the Articles of agreement betwixt the Emperour and his Confederates on the one part and the French King and King of Sweden c on the other Concluded at Nimeguen in Anno 1676 I thought it fit to subjoin the Heads of the Articles betwixt the King of Great Brittain c. and the French King Concluded on at Reysweck in Anno 1697 for the Readers greater satisfaction which are as follows Article I. AN universal perpetual Peace is Concluded betwixt these two Mighty Princes their Hebs and Successors and all their Subjects on both sides II. That all Acts of Hostility by Sea and Land between the saids Princes and their Subjects shall cease after the Signing of the Articles of Peace III. That an Act of Oblivion shall presently be made of all damnages mutually sustain'd by the Subjects on either part dureing the late War and no Act of Hostility to be done or offered by either Party on that account
fit to strengthen himself by entering into a strict Alliance with the King of Poland Alliance between the Emperour Pole and Venice and the next year he drew in the State of Venice so as it became a Tripartite Confederacie On the sixth of May 1683. The Emperour gives the Command of his Army to Charles Duke of Lorrain Duke of Lorrain General of the Imperial Army who presently Marches with the Army to Newhousel and beseidges it on which making several sharp attacks he was forced at last to quit it hearing that the Grand Visier was on his March to Buda with an Army of above two Hundered Thousand Men Beseiges Newhousel but quits it on the Turks aproach The Duke hasts through the Isle of Schut towards Raab and in few days after the Turkish Army draws thither and Encamps within veiw of the Imperial Army The Duke of Lorrain finding the Turkish Army far above his number hasts towards Vienna whither the Grand Visier soon followed As the Duke made his retreat on the sixth of July three Thousand Tartars sallying out of a Wood suddently and furiously attacks the left wing of his Army Guarding the Baggadge on the Front dissorders Retreats to Vienna the Turks follow him and beats them back on the main Body and tho the Germans opposed and rooted them yet they carryed off most part of the Bagadge with them In this Conflict Prince Lewis of Saxony and the young Duke of Arschot were killed The Emperour hearing of the approach of the Turkish Army removed from Vienna to Lintz leaving the City in great dissorder and Consternation and many fled and left it SECT 4 Sect. 4 On the eight of July the Duke comes to Vienna with his Army in good order which cheered up the drooping Citizens very much And Count Staremberg Vienna biseiged by the Turks the Governour put all things in the best posture he could for making a Vigorous defence against the Enemy who on the fourteenth formed the Seige Encamping between the Town and the south side of the Danube This Famous and Memorable Seige was carried on by the Visier Bassa with better Conduct and greater Resolution then had appeared in any of the Turkish Enterprises for many ages preceeding and was â—ndefatigably continued for the space of nine Weeks And was with no less policy and Valour Vigorously defendâ—d by the Noble Governour Staremberg To enter upon a minute account of the many brisk attacks and furious Assaults made by the Enemy and the no less Valiant Resistance made by the Germans were to swell and enlarge this work beyond the proper and ordinary bounds of an Abridgement So as for the satisfaction of the more curious in that point I must referre them to the Original and intreat them to rest contented with the Summary account following A breife account of the Seige The Duke of Lorrain lying with his small Army entrenched beyond the Daâ—ube and hearing that Count Teckcley was ravaging all Moravia Marched thither and drove him thence On the seventeenth of August he had a letter from Staremberg giving an account of all Remarkable Actions on both sides preceeding the date of his letter That a Jamsary being taken told him that they had already lost ten Thousand men two Bassa's and many great Officers But he wrote withall that their losses and dangers in the Town encreassed dialy and implored roleife with all possible speed To which the Duke Answered That the Auxiliary Forces were now almost Joyned that the King of Poland was hasting hither in Person that he expected the arrival of all the joynt Forces before the last day of August that he had recovered Presburg from Count Teckcley and beaten him once aâ—aâ—n near the Marow And prayed him to persevere in his duty till releife came Which letter did much Encourage the Governour and the whole City But the first of September being come and no signe of releif the Governour gives the Duke notice once again of the Extremities they were reduced to and on the sixth at night they espyed five Rockets on the top of the Calemburg near the Dukes Quarters as a signe that the Succours were at hand which filled them all with exceeding joy The Turks decamp The Grand Visier having Intelligence of the approach of the Confederate Forces carryes on his attaches with great diligence till the eleventh and that afternoon Decamps and Marches with his Forces towards the Calemburg to which the Christian Army was come The battle of Calemburg The Turkish Army amounted to an Hundred and twenty Thousand Fighting Men above sixty Thousand being lost in the seige The Christian Army not exceeding eighty Thousand and six Thousand in the Town The King of Poland Commanded the Right wing The Dukes of Bavaria and Lorrain the left the Duke of Saxony and Prince Waldeck Commanding the main body Whereupon Ensued a fierce and cruel Battle being maintained with a great obstinacie and resolution on both sides for a long time Durcing the hottest of the Battle the Turks left at the Seige by the Grand Visier attached the Town with incredible Vigour and Furie which put the beseiged so to it that the Governour was forced to send to the Duke of Lorrain for Assistance who sent presently Prince Lewis of Baden with a body of Horse Foot and Dragoons into the City with whose help all the Turks that were in the attack were cut in peices The Turks deseaâ—ed In short towards the evening the Enemy gave way and fled the Christians pursuing them beyond their Camp and standing to their Arms all night the next morning being the thirteenth they plundered the Enemyes Catrip took fifty peice of Cannon two Horse tayles the Grand Seigniors Standard and the Grand Visiers own Horse with all their Tents and Provisions In this baâ—tle which was on the twelth of September 1683. the Turks lost above fifteen Thousand Men and the Christians not above on Thousand Names of the Auxiliaries The Princes Assisting the Emperour in this battle were The King of Poland the Electors of Saxony and Bavaria The Duke of Lorrain Prince Waldeck the two Princes of Baden the Prince of Anhalt the Duke of Croy the Prince de Salm the Marquesse of Brandenburg Bareith the Landtgrave of Hesse the Prince of Hannover the two Princes of Newburg four Princes of the House of Saxony three of Wirtemburg and the Prince of Hoenzelles Emperour returns to Vienna The Emperour being informed of this Glorious Victory came the next day to Vienna and going to St Stevens Church with the two Electors and many other Princes and Nobles caused Te Deum to be sung which was followed with a Triple discharge of all the Cannon Battle of Barkan The Polish and Emperial Armies having refreshed themselves a few days persue the Enemy and near the Fort of Barkan they find fourteen Thousand Turks Encamped whom they attack and root so intirely as scarce four Thousand of them got
it The 10th of June he arrived at Belgrade From thence he sent orders to Picolomini to come and joyn him with his Forces On the 27 of August his foot Army randevouzed near the Bridge of Gravovez and the Horse came to him the next day The Turkish Army about Fifty thousand lying not far from him sent out some detachments to attack his Foragers which occasioning some Skirmishes at last engaged both Armies in a Battle near Potochin which was managed with a great many Warlike Stratagems and martial Exploits Battle of Potochin on both sides for a long time Prince Lewis having the great advantage on his side of several Politick and Expert Generals as Pâ—â—olomins Veteram the Duke of Crot Count Palfi Count Staremberg c. by whose excellent conduct tho Prince beat the Turks from one Wood and one Retrenchment to another Turks rooted by the Pâ—â—nce or Baden till at last he attackt their main Camp out of which he drove and put them to a total Root taking a hundred and five peice of Cannon three Mortars several Bombs a great quantity of Ammunition and other Provisions and abundance of Riches The Prince having advice that the defeated Turk had rallied again near Nissa thither he Marches with about seventeen thousand Men where he arrived on the 23 of September where he found the Turkish Army entrenched much more regularly than ordinary but without any delay Battle of Nissa Turks rooted he drew up his Army in Battle array and attackt them The Enemy being above twice the Princes Number and very strong in Horse made a stout resistance for several Hours but towards Night the Turkish Cavalâ—y fell into disorder and fell foul of their own infantry which put them in great confusion which the Prince observing lay'd hold of the opportunity and making a furious onset routed them entirely who fleeing towards the Bridge which they could not find being now dark they took the River thinking to Swim over but the Stream being rapid a great many Men and Horse were drowned In the Camp the Prince found thirty peices of Cannon extraordinary big with aboundance of Ammunition and great store of all necessary Provisions Of all which the Prince took nothing for his share but the Scrasquiers Tent which was very Rich and was sent him by the Grand-Visier his own being lost at the Battle of Potochin After they had pillaged the Camp they entered Nissa without any opposition Nissa yeilded wherein they found provision for the Army for Six Weeks and three thousand Horses and Mules having lost in this Action not above three hundred Whereas it was computed there were Kill'd and Drown'd of the Turks near Eight thousand The Prince immediaty fortifyed Nissa and made Picolomini Governour of it and all the adjacent Countrey and on the 6. of October set foreward with the Army toward Widin a strong place with a good Castle lying on the Danube and being informed that two Basha's with their Forces were Encamped near Widin he hastes thither and arrived in the Plains of Widin on the 14. early The Enemy was in a consternation at the Princes sudden Arrival Turks desâ—â—â—â—d at Widin however at first they made brisk opâ—osition but being furiously assailed by a Victorious Army they gave back and reâ—eired to the City the Christians pursuing closs entered with them pellmed into the City In which Action they killed near Two thousand with the loss only of Four hundred Men. The broken Forces sled into the Castle with a Resolution to defend it but the Prince presently ordered to open the Trenches in order to a Sâ—ige and sent to Semenaâ—â—a for his great Cannon Widin yeilde which the beseiged understanding and having no great Stomack to abide their coming on the 18 of October marched out with â—rms and Baggage The Prince having with great Success and Honour run shoâ—ow this Campaign sends his Army to Winter Quarters in Transtivania and Vaâ—achia and goes himself to Vienna The Otoman Embassadors at Vienna being utterly dissatified with the Proposals made by the Emperour an his Allies go home in great discontent and the War goes on SECT 7. Sect. 7 The Venetians Venice had but bad success in the former Campaign and little better in this for after a along Seige of Napon de Malvesia in the Morea General Mo tâ—o worsted by the Turks â—ea and loss of many brave Men they were forced to convert it into a Blockade and then retired to Winter Quarters And in Dalmatta also Molino the Providitor General Narenta meeting with a party of Turkish Horse near Narenta he and his Moâ—laques are by them basely bassled and forced to make a dishourable Retreat This Year The 12â— of August Died Pope Innocent 11th An. 1690. Odeschaici by Name called the Protestant Popr And was succeeded by Peter Otobom a Veneâ—â—an of Eighty Years Old CHAP. XV. Anno 1690. SECT 8. Sect. 8 Coming now to the Year 1690. England We begin with the Affairs of Brittain The first thing the Parliament did Act against a Popâ—â—h K. or Q. was making of an Act that if any King or Queen of England should Embrace the Roman Catholick Religion or Marry with a Roman Catholick the Subjects should be absolved from their Oath of â—â—llegiance Next They annull'd the pretended Parliament in Irelan And ordained that all who should take up Armes against the King after the 24th of Pâ—bruâ—â— Parliament dissolved and a new Parliament called should be guilty of High Treason And on the 6th of February they were dissolved and a new Parliament ordered to meet on the 30th of March who meeting accordingly The King declared to them his design of going for Ireland and desired them to concert and settle all Affairs relating thereto with that expedition as a matter of that importance required and told them farther that he intended to leave the Government in the Queens hands during his absence On this Speech the Parliament went roundly to Work The first Act passed was one of oblivion as the King had desired The next was of putting the Government in the hands of the Queen during the Kings Absence in Ireland or any where else The King lands in Ireland Juneâ—a And dispatched all other Affairs with that celerity as the King having prorogued them to the 17. of June hastened to Ireland where he arrived safe on the 14th of that Month at Belfast SECT 9. The Rebels in Scotland under the Command of Collonel Cannon Scotland kept together in the Hills and places unaccessible from whence they made frequent inroad on the Low lands whom King James reinforced by sending from Dubline Collonel Buchan Collonel Wachop and near Fourty Commission Officers more together with Cloaths Armes and Ammunition for the supply of Cannons party which so encouraged tâ—em being about a thousand five hundered strong as they marthed in to Strathspay in the County of Murray Sir Thomas Livingstoun being informed of
van-Guard and found that his whole Army were on their march towards the Kings Camp Which made him presently draw up the Army in Battle Aray to oppose â—â—e Enemy Night coming on the King caused a slight Bresâ—work to be cast up before the Foot from the Right Wing to the Left And being on Horse-back all the Evening not only giving all necessary orders but seeing them Executed he ordered his Coach to come to the Beaâ— of Sâ—aâ—lâ—y's Regiment wherein he reposed himself about 2 hours and early next Morning sent for Doctor Menard one of his Chaplains to come into the Coach to Pray with him sutable to the occasion A Rare Example By Sun rising Battle at Landâ—n the French were drawn up within Cannon shot of the Kings Camp being the 19th of July Our Cannon play'd on the French suriously and made a great slaughter which they indured with great constancy till about 6 Aclock and then they made a movement towards our Retrenchments at which time the Batalions and Squadrons from all sides advanced and engaged And it is certainly more casie for a judicious Reader to imagine than for any Man to relate the Bloody work was there But that terrible day drawing to an end after the Confederate Army had done all that was possible for brave Men to do being overpowred with numbers they were at last forced to give ground The â—â—â—ch 〈◊〉 the feild and to quit the Feild of Battle to the Enemy tho it was purchast at a costly and Bloody Rate The Providence of GOD preserved the King Miraculously being shot throw his Peruque and throw his Cloaths in several places his very Enemies behold his wonderful Courage with admiration and it was a common saying amongst them They wanted but such a King to make them Masters of Christendom And the Prince of Contâ— in his Letter to the Princess wis Wife being Intercepted Sayes he saw the King every where present where there was any Action Exposing his Person to the greatest dangers and that surely so much Valour very well deserved the quiet Possession of the Crown he wore Loss on both sides Computed As to the loss on both sides it is variously reported the Fâ—ench affirming our loss to be twenty thousand but it really appeared at the review of the Confederate Army soon after there were not missid above five or six thousand killed wounded and taken And for the loss on the French side it was past all doubt they had above two thousand Officers killed and wounded and few less then eighteen thousand Souldiers which may the rather be credited first because of Luxemburgs not pursuing the Vi ory which certainly he would not have forborn if he had been in a condition and next because of the great Recruits sent him from the Sea Coâ—st and by Bousslers from the Rhine before he laid Seige to Charâ—eroy Which he did on the 31st of August And tho the Garison held out with more true courage than any other Town in Flanders had done since the War began yet Charâ—eroy yeelded to the French seeing no appearance of any releif they were necessâ—at to Capitulat and gâ—tting Honourable Conditions they Surrendred on the 1st of October And Roses also This was not the only Town the Spaniards lost this year for on the 29 of May the French beseiged Roses be Sea and Land and carry on the Seige with that forwardness as the Town was surrendered to them on the 5th of June The Germans were so flow this Spring and the French so forward Heidelburg taken and burnt by the French that the Latter passed the â—hine at Philipsbuog and on the â—8 of May the Marquess de Chamills with Twenty thousand Men invested Heidelburg which being in no posture for defence and a division also hapning between the Inhabitants and Souldiers which put all in Confusion was forced to surrender at discretion of the Victors Soon after this The Dauphine joined the Army which was Seventy thousand strong and having taken by storm the Castle of Zwengenberg he crâ—ssed the Neckar the 26 of July and marched towards the Prince of Badens Camp near Flein The Prince being far fewer in number Dauphine bravadâ— put himself in a defensive posture On the 31 the Dauphine advanced with his whole Army and having raised some Batteries ordered all the Cavalry and Four thousand Granadeers to force the Entrenchments and to encompass the left wing of the Princes Camp But at two a Clock when the Prince expected that the French would have fallen briskly upon him they drew off and repassed the Neckar with some loss Nor did the Dauphine any thing more of moment only he put a Garison into Stugard and sending one detachment to Charleroy under Bousslers and another into Piedmont he returned in August to Versailles SECT 3. Sect. 3 The Duke of Savoy being recovered of his late Sickness joined his Army which was pretry strong Duke of Savoy bâ—seiges Pignerol and presently laid seidge to Pignerol and took the Fort of St. Briaget that covered it with the loss of a Thousand five hundred Men Put the Town made so obstinate resistance as it was debated whether they should raise the Seige or Bomb the Town In the mean time Catinat being reinforced with the Troops sent him from the Rhine descended into the Plains of Maâ—siglia The Duke of Savoy learning he had a design on Turin Raises his Sâ—â—ge and marches to Marsigâ—â—a quit the Seige of Pignerol and marched towards him whereon followed a Bloody Battle on the 4th of October The particulars whereof the States of Hollands Resident then at Turin sent to the States by his Letter Battle of Marsiglia dated the 5th of October Wherein with many other remarks on the Fight he highly commends the valour of the King of great Britains Subjects Commanded by the valiant Duke of Schomberg Schomberg killed who was killed there and two parts of three of his Regiments and eighteen of his Officers were taken many of them mortally Wounded He names many other brave Officers Killed and Wounded there but gives no account of the numbers of Men Filled The French Victors on either side only he says it was beleived the French loss was fully as great as ours However the French had the Victory for the Dukes Army was forced from the Feild of Battle and retreated to Turin and Moâ—calier About this time there were some surmises and a suâ—pition of the King of Polands inclination to clap up a peace with the Fort insligated by the French King but it did not appear Belgrade bâ—seidged by the Duke of Croy This Year The Duke of Croy had the cheif command of the Imperial Army with which about the latter and of July he laid seige to Bâ—lâ—â—aâ—â— which was carryed on with aboundant Courage and Resolution both of the Assaliants and Defendents till the 7â—h of September on which day the Beseigers made a general and
Battle which presently began very hot on both sides The Body of the Imperial Army advancing in 2 Columns the Turks detaches against them twelve thousand Scuderbeegâ—â—'s on Horsback being a sort of people who usually run upon the hottest of the fire and Fight like mad-men in hopes of great rewards which the Sultan is wont to give them after the Battle it over these Men after they had forced the Calthropt of the Imperialists broak into the first line 2. Batalions bein constrain'd to give way to their furie but they were soon repulsed by the Imperial Horse and so the line was closed again The Fight was very feirce and pushed on with various success on both sides somtimes the one and by and by the other party having the advantage and continued so till the evening at which time Caprara's and some other fresh Reâ—gments making a furious onset the Turks were driven back to their Trenches and behind their Barricadoes The Turks retire But night coming on the Elector thought not fit to attack them in their Trenches but kept his Army on the Field of Battle in their Armes all night and early next day offered the Grand-Signior Battle again which he declined And so ended this Battle which was fought with more resolution and bravery than any in this age and seemed to be like a drawn Battle A drawn Battle the loss on both sides differing little for the Imperialists computs the Enemies loss to be four thousand and their own three thousand so granting some smal deduction for partiality the difference will not be great General Heidersheim killed in this Battle The only person of note lost by the Imperialists was the brave General Heidersheim In Croatia Count Barthiant Governour there took the strong â—astle of Vranogratz and the Fort of Tinderaw which proved good Barriers against the Incursions of the Turks which often formerly they had made that way SECT 4. Sect. 4 Of the Venetiens Venice there is not much to relate this year of any great remark Only the Basha Laberachâ— borne in the old famous Leuctra and said to be descended of the ancient Kings of Sparta abandond'd the Turks and came over to the Venetian interest Delfino active in Dalmatia he takes Duleigno In Dalmatia General Delfino laied Seige in August to Duleigno routed five thousand Turks who came to releive it and at last took the Town but the Castle being very strong held out still and the Bashâ— of Scutart attempting thâ— releif of it was â—pulsâ—d with a great slaughter yâ—â— for all this the Castle stood out so resolutely as Delfino was forced to leave it and the Town also and ravaging all the Countrey about marched safe ofâ— General Molino beats the Turks at Sea And general Molino engaged Mezzomorto the Turkish Admiral and his Fleet near Castello-roflâ— fought him a whole day and at last forced him to bear away with all the Sail he could make to the port of Seto having severals of his Ships sore shattred and six hundred of his Men killed King of Poland dies 2. On June 17 died John Sobiesks King oâ— Poland being above 70. years old 3. We have heard little of the Moscovites actions hitherto But this Campaign the Czar Peter Alâ—xowitz marched in person on the Head of a vasâ— Army and lays Seige to Asoph a place of great strength and Importance on the mouth of the Riveâ— Tanats and having defeated at Sea some Turkisâ— Vesells coming to supplie the Town with provisions he carried on the Seige so vigorously An. 1321. that the Gariâ—on almost starved were forced to surrender on Articles the 28 of July Asoph taken by the Czar of Moscoâ—â—a And next day they marchâ—d out being three thousand Turks besides Tartars â—n the Town they found 90 peice of Cannon a great deal of Ammunition but very little other provisions which hastened the surrendry of the place On the Kings return to Englanâ— which this year was somewhat sooner then ordinar He gave the Parliament an account of the Negotiation set on foot towards a General Peace telling them withal that the proper and safe way to Treat was with Sword in hand which he desired them seriously to consider and make preparations accordingly Death of the Queen Mother of Spain This year on the 7 of May dyed Mary Anne of Austria Queen Mother of Spain CHAP. XXII Anno 1697. SECT 1. Sect. 1 Now we are come to the last of these one and twenty Remarkable years And the first thing Material is the concerting of the Preliminaries Preliminaries of the Peace Signed in order to the Peace which were agreed on in Holland and Signed the 10 of February The particulars whereof I omitt being only matters of formality Reswick is agreed on by all parties to be the place of Treaty and on the 9. of May the Conferences began in which there was but a slow progress made for a while The French having made a Peace with Savoy last year made their Forces more numerous and powerful this year both in Flanders and Catalonâ—a Aeth taken by the French so as they Beseiged and in a short time reduced Aeth in the former and Beseiged Barcelona in the latter which they did not with a design to retard but rather to quicken the Spaniards pace towards a Peace so that the Conferences between their Plenipotentiaries and the Allies went on under the Mediation of the young King of Sweden whose Father Charleâ— the 11 dyed on the â—7 of April by the intervention of the Baron de Lilliearot his Embassador An. 1697. who went between the one and the other for the said purpose King of Sweden Mediator in the Peace That which Embarrassed the proceedings of the Plenipotentiaries for a while was the expectation of news all of them had from divers parts which might favour their respective Interests and by which they might take their proper measures but more especially from Poland the French being very confident that the Prince of Conti would carry that Crown while the Confederats had all their eyes turned upon Prince James But in the mean time in comes a third person whom no body dreamt of and ran away with the bone Elector of Saxony chosen King of Poland The Elector of Saxony who having with great Celerity and Secrery Concerted that project with his Imperial Majesty and having privatly reconcealed himself to the Church of Rome all of a sudden Musters up his Troops and Marches towards Silesia and the Frontiers of Poland And the next news they hear at Reswick was his being chosen King of Poland on the 26 of June by a great majority of Voices above the Prince of Conti who was also Proclaimed King by the other party tho the Expedition he made into that Countrey proved little to his or the French Kings satisfaction Saxony having gained his point before Conti's arrival Tho this news was a great Mortification to the French
Plenipotentiaries yet they proceed on the Treaty The French Plenipotentiaries having several separat Conferences with the Embassadors of the States General gave Umbrage to the rest of the Allies Embassadors that the States were about making up a separat Peace as once formerly they had done which the States Embassadors hearing of declared aloud and with some sort of indignation that that report was unjust and false and that they might make there sincerity more apparent they oppenly disswaded the Ministers of the Allies from consenting to a Truce with the Freech which had been lately proposed by the French Ministers This giving satisfaction to rest of the Embassadors they go on in the Negotiation of the Peace Altercations about the Basis of the Treaty c. But there arose amongst them so many Disputes and Altercations about the Basis of the present Treaty and also so many intricat and thwarting overtures and propositions on all sides as took up a great deale of time before they could be composed or brought into any settlement all which were too tedious now to relate On the 20 of July The French gave in their project of Peace The Spanish Embassadors sâ—eming most to be satisfied with the Concessions of the French the Emperours least and the rest of the Allies not altogether disliking them On the 16 of August their was held an extraordinary Congress which lasted almost the whole day And not long after came the News of the taking of Barcelona by the French after one of the most vigorous Seiges that had happened almost in any former Age. This made the Spaniards very uneasy and very pressing to have the Peace signed upon the Conditions offered by France To which the French seemed rather to comply because of a Report generally spread Abroad that Sweden and Denmark threatned to denounce War against France unless they went more seriously on with the business and cut short all unnecessary difficulties This and the conferences hâ—ld between the Earl of Portland and the Mareshal de Boussiers wherein were concerted all the pretensions of the King of England so ripened and forwarded all matters as on the 20 of September the English Spanish and Dutch Pleniprotentiaries potentiaries after a long conference with those of France The Peace sign'd and having adjusted all matters in difference betwixt them mutually signed the Peace a little after Mid-night Emperors Embassadors Complain The Emperours and Empires Plenipotentiaries were in the Hall almost all the time but were so far from consenting to what was done as they required the Mediator to enter a protestation that this was a second time that a separte Peace had been concluded with France meaning that of Nimeguea for the first wherein the Emperour and Empire had been excluded and somewhat more to this purpose To which Don Bernardo de quires made so pertinent a Reply as tho it did not satisfie silenced them at that time The Articles of agreement between the 3 forementioned Confederates and the French King especially the advantagious and Honourable Terins King William made for himself and his Dominions are so extant every where and so universally known as I do not think it necessary to swell this Compend by inserting them Cessation of Arms on both sides Though the Imperialists seemed a little disatisfied with these proceedings yet they thought it the most advisible way to agree to a Cessation of Arms which was done two days after the Signing of this Treaty But before advice of this reached Prince Baden on the Rhine he had taken the Castle of Eremburg and was going to lay Seige to Kirn also But herein the Emperour was unfortunate for had the News of the Battle of Zenta come a little sooner in all probability those Powers who lately Signed the Treaty had not been so foreward till they had made the French King more compliant with the Emperours demands However passing that We come to give some account of that Memorable Battle the like whereof has not been fought in the whole course of this long and Bloody War SECT 2. Sect. 2 About the time of the Election of the King of Polaâ—â— a Rebellion broke forth in upper Huâ—gary which occasioned Prince Eugenius of Savoâ— to draw the Imperial Troops thitherward And though the head of this Hydra was quickly cut off yet the Grand Signior in person coming into the Feild on the Head of a formidable Army threatned to give life to this Monster again Prince Eugen lying with the Imperial Army a Bâ—le 〈◊〉 had intelligence on the 12 of September that the Turks had a design on Sâ—gedin and had deâ—aâ—câ—â—t out several Troops to ravage and burn all the Country about it And presently after one Captain Toben brought him word that the Turks were at Zenta and had detached a body of Horse to burn all the Countrey The Prince sends two parties of sixty Horse a peice as Scouts to make discovery and to bâ—ing him a certain account of what they could discover In the mean time the Army decamped before day and marched in twelve Columns six of Horse and six of Foot with the Artillery in the miâ—le And continued their March so all day The Hustars who were sent to from brought word that they met the Enemies Guards near Zent a Basha being taken informed the Prince That the Grandsignior had fully resolved to beseige Segedin but understanding that the Imperial Army was Decamped from Peter Waradin and was following closs at his Heels he stâ—pt at Zenta that he had laid a Bridge over the Thâ—ese which had been built at Belgrade by the advice of a French Man and brought along in Wagons intending to march in to Transilvania and Upper Hungary that the Grandsignior had passed the Bridge in Person with some Thousands of Horse that the Infantry and Baggage and a hundred peiceâ— of Cannon were on this side the River but he knew not if they would pass it or not This obliged the Prince to advance with the Caveâ—â—y and some Artillery within an Hours march of Zenta Battle of Zenta and there stayed for the Foot who being come up he drew up his Army in Battle array and advanceing near Zenta they perceived Two thousand of the Enemys Horse whereon the Prince took Three Regiments of Dragoons and two out of the 2d Line with some peices of Cannon and so advanced towards the Enemy with all the speed he could ordering the rest of the Army to follow in Battle array On the left wing he planted some Cannon which played incessantly on the Bridge as these did also on the right wing and the Army coming up the Battle began The Enemy had before them two Entâ—â—nchments besides a Barricado of waggons and all so strong as it was an Admiration how the Foot could force them which yet they did in half an hours time during which nothing could be heard or seen for Fire and Smoak on both sides The Horse advanced also to the very moat of