behold_v the_o new_a prosperity_n of_o other_o with_o a_o envious_a eye_n and_o wish_v a_o moderation_n of_o fortune_n no_o where_o so_o much_o as_o in_o those_o we_o have_v know_v in_o equal_a degree_n with_o ourselves_o in_o all_o enterprise_n of_o war_n if_o present_a necessity_n do_v not_o otherwise_o require_v leisure_n and_o deliberation_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v for_o often_o it_o suffice_v in_o lieu_n of_o wisdom_n to_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o other_o man_n folly_n all_o man_n that_o be_v to_o consider_v of_o great_a action_n aught_o to_o be_v inform_v whether_o that_o which_o be_v undertake_v be_v profitable_a for_o the_o commonweal_n honourable_a to_o themselves_o and_o easy_a to_o be_v effect_v or_o at_o least_o not_o great_o difficult_a also_o he_o that_o persuade_v be_v to_o be_v examine_v whether_o beside_o bare_a word_n and_o counsel_n he_o will_v join_v his_o own_o peril_n and_o if_o fortune_n favour_n the_o attempt_n to_o who_o the_o principal_a glory_n shall_v redound_v the_o peril_n which_o accompany_v private_a enterprise_n be_v far_o unlike_a to_o those_o which_o he_o do_v enter_v that_o aspire_v to_o principality_n for_o in_o private_a attempt_n a_o man_n may_v pause_v or_o proceed_v as_o he_o will_v but_o to_o he_o that_o aspire_v to_o empire_n there_o remain_v no_o middle_a course_n but_o either_o by_o victory_n to_o triumph_v as_o a_o prince_n or_o be_v vanquish_v to_o endure_v death_n as_o a_o traitor_n let_v no_o man_n in_o his_o prosperity_n give_v much_o credit_n to_o common_a applause_n or_o service_n assure_v by_o any_o of_o who_o in_o mean_a fortune_n he_o have_v have_v no_o experience_n for_o the_o base_a people_n be_v learn_v in_o no_o lesson_n only_o without_o difference_n of_o truth_n or_o falsehood_n to_o flatter_v man_n in_o authority_n and_o with_o shout_n and_o word_n of_o great_a rejoice_v make_v show_v of_o great_a affection_n as_o overmuch_o haste_n be_v dangerous_a so_o too_o great_a delay_n oftentimes_o prove_v disadvantageous_a for_o albeit_o consultation_n ought_v to_o forego_v action_n yet_o to_o dispute_v long_o and_o in_o the_o end_n reject_v the_o advice_n of_o either_o side_n or_o take_v a_o middle_a course_n which_o in_o case_n of_o doubt_n and_o danger_n be_v worst_a be_v ever_o account_v great_a discretion_n there_o be_v no_o course_n more_o comely_a nor_o any_o resolution_n so_o well_o beseem_v a_o wise_a man_n have_v make_v proof_n of_o his_o own_o virtue_n and_o find_v in_o age_n no_o fortune_n due_a to_o such_o effect_n as_o to_o retire_v himself_o from_o the_o court_n and_o company_n for_o so_o shall_v he_o shun_v the_o inconvenience_n of_o contempt_n and_o the_o discommodity_n of_o travel_n jucunda_fw-la senectuti_fw-la otia_fw-la yet_o true_a it_o be_v that_o whoso_o have_v live_v a_o prince_n or_o govern_v as_o a_o public_a person_n can_v expect_v security_n in_o a_o private_a estate_n whensoever_o danger_n draw_v near_o and_o terror_n be_v at_o hand_n all_o man_n look_v about_o but_o none_o willing_o adventure_v for_o in_o such_o case_n every_o man_n will_v give_v council_n but_o few_o will_v take_v part_n of_o the_o peril_n in_o commonwealth_n where_o sect_n or_o partiality_n be_v the_o leader_n of_o any_o side_n be_v able_a to_o kindle_v civil_a war_n yet_o be_v he_o unable_a to_o moderate_v the_o victory_n for_o to_o stir_v up_o dissension_n and_o trouble_n the_o worst_a man_n most_o common_o bear_v the_o stroke_n but_o peace_n and_o quietness_n be_v not_o establish_v but_o by_o man_n of_o rare_a gift_n and_o excellent_a virtue_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a and_o contrary_a both_o to_o courtesy_n and_o christian_a profession_n that_o man_n be_v far_o more_o mindful_a of_o injury_n do_v unto_o they_o than_o of_o benefit_n receive_v by_o they_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v that_o thankfulness_n be_v account_v a_o burden_n but_o revenge_n be_v sweet_a and_o reckon_v a_o great_a gain_n of_o reconcile_a foe_n and_o such_o as_o know_v that_o our_o harm_n be_v cause_v by_o their_o mean_n we_o ofttimes_o expect_v favour_n as_o persuade_v that_o new_a friendship_n will_v repair_v the_o loss_n of_o old_a displeasure_n but_o the_o matter_n do_v seldom_o so_o fall_v out_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o man_n nature_n be_v ever_o to_o hate_v those_o who_o he_o have_v hurt_v and_o love_v they_o who_o he_o have_v make_v behold_v quos_fw-la laeserunt_fw-la oderunt_fw-la tac._n to_o common_a person_n and_o such_o as_o be_v ignorant_a in_o matter_n of_o state_n every_o taxation_n and_o imposition_n seem_v heavy_a or_o superfluous_a yet_o the_o wise_a sort_n know_v that_o the_o end_n of_o all_o public_a endeavour_n be_v to_o confirm_v people_n in_o peace_n and_o peace_n can_v be_v maintain_v without_o arm_n nor_o arm_n without_o pay_n nor_o pay_v without_o imposition_n as_o fortunate_a folk_n be_v envy_v so_o be_v the_o poor_a contemn_v which_o rule_n reach_v also_o to_o prince_n the_o one_o life_n in_o plenty_n with_o war_n the_o other_o in_o poverty_n with_o peace_n for_o seldom_o be_v it_o see_v that_o those_o people_n be_v assault_v where_o nothing_o be_v to_o be_v gain_v and_o who_o base_a being_n afford_v no_o other_o spoil_n than_o blood_n and_o beggary_n wiseman_n have_v observe_v that_o in_o matter_n of_o state_n and_o the_o manage_n thereof_o three_o thing_n be_v especial_o to_o be_v look_v unto_o the_o first_o be_v occasion_n the_o second_o the_o intention_n of_o other_o man_n the_o three_o our_o own_o affection_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o that_o slip_v away_o so_o soon_o as_o occasion_n nothing_o so_o difficult_a as_o to_o judge_v what_o a_o other_o man_n intend_v nor_o any_o thing_n more_o nocent_a than_o our_o own_o immoderate_a desire_n it_o have_v be_v ever_o a_o course_n observe_v by_o wise_a prince_n but_o much_o more_o by_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a state_n against_o force_n and_o fury_n of_o the_o multitude_n to_o defend_v themselves_o with_o silver_n and_o gold_n how_o much_o more_o it_o import_v all_o prince_n to_o lead_v a_o virtuous_a life_n and_o give_v daily_a example_n of_o piety_n and_o justice_n appear_v apparent_o in_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o roman_a bishop_n who_o by_o the_o well-doing_n of_o some_o few_o of_o they_o at_o the_o first_o become_v great_o honour_v but_o afterward_o they_o become_v contemptible_a for_o the_o reverence_n which_o man_n do_v bear_v to_o the_o sanctity_n of_o their_o life_n fail_v it_o be_v impossible_a of_o so_o contrary_a manner_n and_o example_n to_o look_v for_o like_a effect_n the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n chief_o depend_v on_o the_o reputation_n of_o the_o prince_n which_o decline_v the_o virtue_n also_o of_o the_o soldier_n fail_v likewise_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o people_n decay_v and_o their_o money_n to_o maintain_v the_o war_n cease_v contrariwise_o the_o courage_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v increase_v they_o that_o stand_v doubtful_a become_v resolve_v and_o every_o difficulty_n augment_v the_o authority_n which_o prince_n give_v be_v chief_o in_o respect_n of_o wisdom_n and_o valour_n yet_o true_a it_o be_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o account_v they_o the_o wise_a man_n that_o can_v best_o accommodate_v themselves_o to_o their_o humour_n the_o great_a distress_n and_o difficulty_n which_o can_v come_v to_o any_o army_n do_v proceed_v of_o these_o cause_n want_v of_o money_n scarcity_n of_o victual_n hatred_n of_o people_n discord_n of_o captain_n disobedience_n of_o soldier_n and_o their_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n either_o of_o necessity_n or_o freewill_n a_o prince_n or_o great_a magistrate_n have_v long_o maintain_v the_o reputation_n of_o wisdom_n and_o virtue_n must_v take_v heed_n that_o no_o rash_a or_o dangerous_a resolution_n do_v taint_v the_o honourable_a fame_n of_o his_o former_a life_n for_o to_o be_v transport_v with_o anger_n against_o his_o own_o profit_n be_v lightness_n and_o to_o esteem_v small_a danger_n more_o than_o great_a be_v want_n of_o judgement_n a_o prince_n or_o person_n of_o great_a estate_n must_v be_v wary_a not_o to_o inure_v the_o conceit_n of_o double_a deal_n for_o little_a sincerity_n and_o trust_n be_v look_v in_o his_o action_n of_o who_o there_o be_v a_o opinion_n of_o craft_n and_o falshood_n conceive_v experience_n have_v always_o prove_v that_o whatsoever_o the_o most_o part_n of_o man_n desire_v rare_o come_v to_o pass_v the_o reason_n hereof_o be_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o human_a action_n common_o depend_v on_o the_o will_n of_o a_o few_o and_o their_o intention_n ever_o differ_v from_o the_o great_a number_n the_o end_n and_o success_n can_v be_v other_o than_o as_o please_v the_o few_o that_o be_v to_o direct_v they_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a than_o to_o enterprise_v a_o war_n or_o other_o action_n of_o importance_n upon_o popular_a persuasion_n for_o such_o expectation_n be_v vain_a and_o such_o design_n fallible_a also_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o multitude_n
to_o the_o other_o his_o greatness_n can_v long_o continue_v for_o albeit_o a_o matter_n of_o no_o difficulty_n it_o be_v to_o persuade_v a_o people_n yet_o to_o make_v they_o constant_a be_v a_o work_n well_o near_o impossible_a example_n theseus_n cyrus_n romulus_n the_o second_o sort_n of_o new_a prince_n be_v such_o as_o be_v aspire_v by_o favor_n or_o corruption_n or_o by_o the_o virtue_n or_o greatness_n of_o fortune_n or_o friend_n a_o prince_n by_o any_o or_o all_o these_o mean_n advance_v and_o desirous_a to_o hold_v his_o estate_n must_v endeavour_n by_o his_o own_o virtue_n to_o maintain_v himself_o without_o depend_v upon_o any_o other_o which_o may_v be_v do_v by_o this_o mean_n first_o to_o assure_v all_o enemy_n from_o offend_v second_o to_o win_v the_o love_n and_o friendship_n of_o so_o many_o neighbour_n as_o possible_o he_o may_v three_o to_o compass_v all_o design_n tend_v to_o his_o honour_n or_o profit_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o pass_v either_o by_o fraud_n or_o force_n four_o to_o make_v himself_o honour_v and_o follow_v of_o captain_n and_o soldier_n five_o to_o oppress_v all_o those_o that_o will_v or_o can_v offend_v six_o to_o be_v obsequious_a and_o liberal_a to_o friend_n magnanimous_a and_o terrible_a to_o foe_n seven_o to_o cass_n all_o old_a and_o unfaithful_a band_n and_o entertain_v new_a eight_o to_o hold_v such_o amity_n with_o king_n and_o prince_n as_o they_o ought_v reasonable_o to_o favour_v he_o or_o else_o they_o will_v offend_v easy_o they_o can_v example_n giovannio_n torrigiani_n caesar_n borgi_n the_o three_o and_o last_o mean_n whereby_o private_a person_n do_v aspire_v to_o principality_n be_v not_o force_n and_o violence_n but_o mere_a good_a will_n and_o favor_n of_o men._n the_o cause_n or_o occasion_n thereof_o be_v only_a virtue_n or_o fortune_n or_o at_o least_o a_o certain_a fortunate_a craft_n and_o wittiness_n because_o he_o aspire_v either_o by_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o favour_n of_o the_o nobility_n for_o these_o contrary_a humour_n be_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v find_v and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o be_v that_o the_o great_a man_n do_v ever_o endeavour_v to_o oppress_v the_o people_n and_o the_o people_n do_v labour_v not_o to_o be_v oppress_v by_o they_o of_o these_o divers_a appetite_n one_o of_o these_o three_o effect_n do_v proceed_v viz._n principality_n liberty_n or_o licentious_a life_n principality_n may_v come_v either_o by_o love_n of_o the_o multitude_n or_o of_o the_o great_a man_n for_o when_o any_o of_o these_o faction_n do_v find_v itself_o oppress_v then_o do_v they_o soon_o consent_v to_o make_v one_o a_o prince_n hope_v by_o his_o virtue_n and_o valour_n to_o be_v defend_v example_n francisco_n sforza_n alessandro_n de_fw-fr medici_n a_o prince_n in_o this_o sort_n aspire_v to_o maintain_v his_o estate_n must_v first_o consider_v well_o by_o which_o of_o these_o faction_n aforesaid_a he_o be_v advance_v for_o if_o by_o favour_n of_o great_a man_n he_o be_v aspire_v then_o must_v he_o meet_v with_o many_o difficulty_n for_o have_v about_o he_o divers_a person_n of_o great_a quality_n and_o such_o as_o be_v but_o late_o his_o equal_n hardly_o shall_v he_o command_v they_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o it_o behove_v but_o if_o the_o prince_n be_v advance_v by_o the_o people_n few_o or_o none_o shall_v hardly_o disobey_v he_o so_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o prince_n make_v by_o the_o multitude_n be_v much_o more_o secure_a than_o he_o who_o the_o nobility_n prefer_v for_o common_a people_n do_v not_o desire_v to_o enjoy_v more_o than_o their_o own_o and_o to_o be_v defend_v from_o oppression_n but_o great_a man_n do_v study_v not_o only_o to_o hold_v their_o own_o but_o also_o to_o command_v and_o insult_v upon_o inferior_n note_v that_o all_o monarchy_n be_v principality_n but_o all_o principality_n be_v not_o monarchy_n chap._n vii_o of_o council_n and_o counsellor_n in_o general_n a_o senate_n or_o council_n be_v a_o certain_a lawful_a assembly_n of_o counsellor_n to_o give_v advice_n to_o he_o or_o they_o that_o have_v in_o the_o commonweal_n power_n sovereign_a a_o counsellor_n be_v call_v in_o the_o latin_a senator_n which_o word_n signify_v in_o effect_n a_o old_a man_n the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n also_o most_o common_o compose_v their_o council_n of_o ancient_a and_o expert_a person_n for_o if_o they_o or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o have_v be_v young_a man_n than_o may_v the_o council_n have_v more_o proper_o be_v call_v a_o juvenate_n than_o a_o senate_n the_o chief_a and_o most_o necessary_a note_n require_v in_o a_o counsellor_n be_v to_o have_v no_o dependence_n of_o any_o other_o prince_n or_o commonweal_n either_o oath_n homage_n natural_a obligation_n pension_n or_o reward_n in_o this_o point_n the_o venetian_n have_v be_v ever_o most_o precise_a and_o for_o that_o reason_n do_v not_o admit_v any_o cardinal_n or_o other_o clergyman_n to_o be_v either_o of_o or_o at_o their_o council_n therefore_o when_o the_o venetian_a senate_n be_v assemble_v the_o usher_n be_v ready_a to_o shut_v the_o door_n cry_v aloud_o fuora_n preti_n depart_v priest_n note_v also_o that_o in_o every_o state_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o a_o secret_a or_o cabinet-council_n be_v main_o necessary_a chap._n viii_o of_o council_n in_o some_o particular_a monarchy_n aristocraty_n and_o democraty_n the_o king_n of_o spain_n for_o the_o government_n of_o his_o dominion_n have_v seven_o council_n viz._n the_o council_n of_o the_o indies_n the_o council_n of_o spain_n the_o council_n of_o italy_n and_o the_o low_a country_n the_o council_n of_o war_n the_o council_n of_o order_n the_o council_n of_o inquisition_n and_o the_o council_n royal._n in_o france_n be_v three_o council_n viz._n the_o council_n privy_a the_o council_n of_o judge_n which_o they_o call_v president_n et_fw-fr conceliers_n de_fw-fr parliament_n and_o the_o great_a council_n which_o they_o call_v assembly_n du_fw-ge troy'_v estate_n of_o council_n in_o aristocraty_n in_o venice_n beside_o the_o senate_n and_o great_a council_n be_v four_o council_n viz._n the_o sage_n of_o the_o sea_n the_o sage_n of_o the_o land_n the_o council_n of_o tenn_n the_o three_o precedent_n of_o quarantia_n and_o the_o senate_n all_o which_o council_n do_v amount_v to_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o person_n with_o the_o magistrate_n the_o great_a council_n of_o ragusa_n consist_v of_o sixty_o person_n and_o have_v another_o privy_a council_n of_o twelve_o of_o council_n in_o democraty_n genova_n have_v three_o council_n the_o great_a council_n of_o two_o hundred_o the_o senate_n which_o consist_v of_o sixty_o and_o the_o privy_a council_n which_o have_v twenty_o six_o counsellor_n so_o it_o do_v appear_v that_o in_o all_o commonwealth_n be_v they_o monarchy_n aristocracy_n or_o popular_a state_n the_o council-privy_a be_v most_o necessary_a and_o often_o use_v also_o this_o difference_n be_v to_o be_v note_v between_o the_o council_n in_o monarchy_n and_o the_o council_n in_o aristocracy_n and_o state_n popular_a that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o all_o deliberation_n fit_a to_o be_v publish_v be_v in_o a_o monarchy_n consult_v and_o resolve_v upon_o in_o the_o council_n privy_a and_o after_o ratify_v by_o common_a council_n but_o in_o optimacy_n or_o popular_a government_n the_o custom_n be_v contrary_a here_o also_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o albeit_o the_o use_v and_o authority_n of_o every_o senate_n a_o privy_a council_n be_v most_o needful_a yet_o have_v it_o no_o authority_n to_o command_v but_o in_o the_o name_n of_o those_o in_o who_o the_o sovereignty_n rest_v for_o if_o counsellor_n have_v power_n to_o command_v absolute_o then_o shall_v they_o be_v sovereign_n and_o consequent_o all_o execution_n at_o their_o pleasure_n which_o may_v not_o be_v without_o detract_n from_o majesty_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n so_o sovereign_a and_o sacred_a as_o no_o citizen_n or_o subject_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o may_v touch_v or_o approach_v thereunto_o chap._n ix_o of_o officer_n and_o commissioner_n with_o their_o respective_a distinction_n a_o officer_n be_v a_o person_n public_a that_o have_v charge_v ordinary_a and_o limit_v by_o law_n a_o commissioner_n be_v also_o a_o person_n public_a but_o his_o charge_n be_v extraordinary_a and_o limit_v by_o commission_n officer_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n and_o so_o be_v commissioner_n the_o one_o have_v power_n to_o command_v and_o be_v call_v magistrate_n the_o other_o have_v authority_n to_o execute_v so_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o be_v person_n public_a yet_o be_v not_o all_o public_a person_n either_o officer_n or_o commissioner_n commissioner_n be_v ordain_v to_o govern_v in_o province_n in_o war_n in_o justice_n in_o dispose_v the_o treasure_n or_o some_o other_o function_n concern_v the_o state_n but_o all_o commission_n do_v spring_n and_o proceed_v from_o the_o sovereign_n magistrate_n and_o commissioner_n and_o here_o be_v
prince_n sometime_o by_o his_o own_o presence_n sometime_o by_o his_o deputation_n to_o perform_v that_o office_n but_o however_o occasion_n shall_v require_v it_o ever_o behove_v that_o one_o only_a commander_n ought_v to_o be_v for_o plurality_n of_o chieftain_n do_v rare_o or_o never_o work_v any_o good_a effect_n yet_o with_o this_o caution_n that_o he_o be_v of_o experience_n and_o wise_a in_o bellica_fw-la praefectura_fw-la major_a aspectus_fw-la habendus_fw-la peritiae_fw-la quam_fw-la virtutis_fw-la aut_fw-la morum_fw-la arist._n the_o quality_n require_v in_o a_o chiestain_n be_v these_o skill_n virtue_n providence_n authority_n and_o fortune_n by_o skill_n we_o mean_v he_o shall_v be_v of_o great_a knowledge_n and_o long_a experience_n or_o to_o make_v a_o sufficient_a captain_n the_o information_n of_o other_o or_o his_o own_o read_n be_v not_o enough_o qui_fw-la norit_fw-la quis_fw-la ordo_fw-la agminis_fw-la quae_fw-la cura_fw-la exploandi_fw-la quantus_fw-la urgendo_fw-la trahendove_n bello_fw-la modus_fw-la cic._n military_a virtue_n be_v a_o certain_a vigour_n or_o force_n both_o of_o body_n and_o mind_n to_o exercise_v soldier_n as_o well_o in_o feign_a war_n as_o to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o summary_o a_o captain_n ought_v to_o be_v laboriosus_fw-la in_o negotio_fw-la fortis_fw-la in_o periculo_fw-la industrius_fw-la in_o agendo_fw-la celeris_fw-la in_o conficiendo_fw-la cic._n next_o to_o virtue_n we_o place_v providence_n as_o necessary_a in_o great_a captain_n for_o be_v of_o such_o wisdom_n they_o will_v not_o hazard_v nor_o commit_v more_o to_o fortune_n than_o necessity_n shall_v enforce_v yet_o true_a it_o be_v fool_n and_o vulgar_a folk_n that_o commend_v or_o discommend_v action_n according_a to_o success_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v cunctatio_fw-la servilis_fw-la statim_fw-la exequi_fw-la regium_fw-la est_fw-la but_o advise_v and_o provident_a captain_n do_v think_v temeritas_fw-la praeterquam_fw-la quod_fw-la stulta_fw-la est_fw-la etiam_fw-la infelix_fw-la livi._n albeit_o providence_n be_v the_o best_a mean_n of_o good_a speed_n yet_o some_o captain_n of_o that_o quality_n and_o in_o skill_n excel_v have_v be_v in_o their_o action_n unlucky_a when_o other_o of_o less_o sufficiency_n have_v marvellous_o prevail_v we_o may_v therefore_o reasonable_o say_v with_o cic._n quod_fw-la olim_fw-la maximo_fw-la marcello_n scipioni_n mario_n &_o caeteris_fw-la magnis_fw-la imperatoribus_fw-la non_fw-la solum_fw-la propter_fw-la virtutem_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la propter_fw-la fortunam_fw-la soepius_fw-la imperia_fw-la mandata_fw-la atque_fw-la exercitus_fw-la esse_fw-la commissos_fw-la cic._n last_o we_o wish_v authority_n to_o be_v in_o chieftain_n for_o it_o great_o import_v what_o opinion_n or_o conceit_n the_o enemy_n have_v of_o such_o a_o governor_n and_o likewise_o how_o much_o his_o friend_n and_o confederate_n do_v esteem_v he_o but_o the_o chief_a and_o only_o mean_v to_o maintain_v authority_n be_v austerity_n and_o terror_n dux_n authoritatem_fw-la maximam_fw-la severitate_fw-la sumat_fw-la omnes_fw-la culpas_fw-la militares_fw-la legibus_fw-la vindicet_fw-la nulli_fw-la errantium_fw-la credatur_fw-la ignoscere_fw-la veget._n also_o experience_n have_v prove_v that_o such_o chieftain_n as_o be_v affable_a and_o kind_a to_o their_o soldier_n be_v much_o love_v yet_o do_v they_o incur_v a_o contempt_n but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o that_o command_v severe_o and_o terrible_o although_o they_o gain_v no_o good_a will_n yet_o be_v they_o ever_o obey_v dux_n facitis_fw-la inutilis_fw-la app._n chap._n xxiii_o of_o council_n in_o war_n and_o direction_n tactick_a and_o stratagematick_a with_o advice_n how_o to_o make_v a_o honourable_a peace_n after_o man_n find_v and_o frame_v fit_a for_o the_o war_n to_o small_a or_o no_o purpose_n shall_v they_o serve_v unless_o they_o be_v employ_v by_o wisdom_n or_o good_a council_n mon_fw-fr minus_fw-la est_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la consilio_fw-la quam_fw-la vi_fw-la persicere_fw-la tac._n council_n in_o war_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n direct_a council_n and_o indirect_a the_o first_o show_v a_o plain_a and_o orderly_a course_n for_o proceed_v as_o to_o lay_v hold_n on_o occasion_n for_o as_o in_o all_o other_o humane_a action_n occasion_n be_v of_o great_a force_n occasio_fw-la in_o bello_fw-la solet_fw-la amplius_fw-la juvare_fw-la quam_fw-la virtus_fw-la veget._n as_o occasion_n present_v be_v mean_n of_o good_a success_n so_o fame_n work_v great_a effect_n in_o the_o war_n therefore_o it_o behove_v a_o captain_n to_o be_v constant_a and_o not_o apt_a to_o believe_v the_o vain_a rumour_n and_o report_n of_o man_n male_a imperatur_fw-la cum_fw-la regit_fw-la vulgus_fw-la deuce_n suos_fw-la sen._n confidence_n be_v also_o to_o be_v eschew_v for_o no_o man_n be_v soon_o surprise_v than_o he_o who_o fear_v least_o also_o contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n have_v be_v occasion_n of_o great_a discomfiture_n therefore_o as_o a_o captain_n ought_v not_o to_o fear_v so_o shall_v he_o not_o contemn_v his_o enemy_n nimia_fw-la fiducia_fw-la semper_fw-la obnoxia_fw-la aemyl_n as_o security_n and_o overmuch_o estimation_n of_o our_o own_o virtue_n or_o valour_n be_v hurtful_a so_o do_v it_o import_v every_o good_a captain_n to_o be_v well_o inform_v not_o only_o of_o his_o own_o force_n but_o also_o of_o what_o strength_n the_o enemy_n be_v likewise_o it_o behove_v he_o to_o know_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o people_n with_o every_o other_o circumstance_n moreover_o the_o general_n honour_n and_o capacity_n ought_v to_o be_v know_v with_o the_o condition_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o enemy_n impetus_fw-la acre_n cunctatione_n languescunt_fw-la aut_fw-la in_o perfidiam_fw-la mutantur_fw-la tac._n temerity_n in_o war_n be_v also_o dangerous_a for_o wise_a captain_n be_v wont_a not_o to_o enterprise_n any_o thing_n without_o deliberation_n and_o good_a opportunity_n unless_o they_o be_v thereunto_o by_o necessity_n enforce_v in_o rehus_fw-la asperis_fw-la &_o tenui_fw-la spe_fw-la fortissima_fw-la quaque_fw-la consilia_fw-la tutissima_fw-la sunt_fw-la livi._n some_o wise_a man_n not_o superstitious_o but_o discreet_o do_v think_v prodigious_a sign_n from_o heaven_n or_o on_o earth_n be_v not_o to_o be_v neglect_v neither_o be_v dream_n in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o be_v contemn_v nam_fw-la amat_fw-la benignitas_fw-la numinis_fw-la seu_fw-la quod_fw-la merentur_fw-la homines_fw-la seu_fw-la quod_fw-la tangitur_fw-la eorum_fw-la affectione_n his_o quoque_fw-la rationibus_fw-la prodere_fw-la quae_fw-la impendent_a aemi_n a_o wise_a captain_n will_v also_o wait_v opportunity_n and_o spy_v out_o fit_a time_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v weary_v or_o pretend_v fear_n draw_v he_o into_o danger_n which_o advantage_n with_o many_o other_o be_v gain_v chief_o by_o observe_v of_o time_n quia_fw-la si_fw-la in_o occasionis_fw-la momento_n cujus_fw-la praetervolat_fw-la opportunitas_fw-la cunctatus_fw-la paulum_fw-la fueris_fw-la nequicquam_fw-la mox_fw-la omissam_fw-la querare_fw-la livi._n next_o the_o observation_n of_o time_n the_o place_n be_v to_o be_v well_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o thy_o advantage_n or_o thy_o enemy_n amplius_fw-la prodest_fw-la locus_fw-la saepe_fw-la quam_fw-la virtus_fw-la veget._n three_o it_o import_v much_o that_o man_n be_v well_o order_v train_v and_o prepare_v for_o the_o fight_n for_o the_o want_n of_o art_n be_v cause_n of_o many_o disadvantage_n and_o many_o time_n a_o small_a supply_n of_o choice_a soldier_n on_o horseback_n or_o foot_n do_v seem_v to_o the_o enemy_n very_o terrible_a likewise_o a_o sudden_a shout_n or_o conceit_n have_v amaze_v a_o whole_a army_n milites_fw-la vanis_fw-la &_o inanibus_fw-la magis_fw-la quam_fw-la justis_fw-la formidinis_fw-la causis_fw-la moventur_fw-la curt._n four_o it_o be_v to_o good_a purpose_n that_o in_o order_v of_o man_n for_o fight_n soldiers_z of_o one_o country_n or_o nation_n shall_v be_v range_v together_o and_o above_o all_o to_o foresee_v that_o the_o least_o loss_n of_o blood_n be_v among_o the_o natural_a subject_n and_o so_o handle_v the_o matter_n that_o the_o chief_a slaughter_n light_n upon_o stranger_n and_o mercenary_n ingens_fw-la victoriae_fw-la decus_fw-la citra_fw-la domesticum_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la bellanti_fw-la tac._n the_o general_n own_o courage_n and_o lively_a disposition_n to_o fight_n will_v great_o animate_v the_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n as_o a_o contrary_a countenance_n or_o appearance_n of_o fear_n will_n exceed_o amaze_v and_o daunt_v necesse_fw-la estad_fw-es fugam_fw-la parati_fw-la sint_fw-la qui_fw-la ducem_fw-la suum_fw-la sentiunt_fw-la desperare_fw-la veget._n it_o be_v also_o for_o thy_o great_a advantage_n that_o the_o force_n shall_v be_v order_v for_o the_o fight_n before_o the_o enemy_n be_v prepare_v first_o for_o that_o thou_o may_v the_o better_o perform_v what_o thou_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v second_o that_o thereby_o thy_o own_o force_n will_v thereof_o receive_v great_a courage_n be_v ready_a to_o assail_v the_o enemy_n and_o to_o begin_v the_o fight_n plus_fw-fr animi_fw-la est_fw-la inferenti_fw-la periculum_fw-la quam_fw-la propulsanti_fw-la livi._n after_o victory_n it_o be_v not_o the_o best_a policy_n to_o execute_v the_o enemy_n with_o extreme_a cruelty_n but_o proceed_v moderate_o for_o it_o shall_v suffice_v the_o victory_n be_v
a_o error_n as_o to_o give_v reputation_n to_o one_o only_a man_n to_o the_o end_n he_o shall_v oppress_v all_o those_o great_a man_n who_o they_o hate_v they_o thereby_o give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o become_v their_o prince_n and_o so_o be_v assist_v with_o their_o favour_n and_o aid_n he_o may_v likewise_o extinguish_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o they_o be_v extirpate_v he_o will_v also_o endeavour_v to_o tyrannize_v over_o the_o people_n by_o who_o help_n he_o aspire_v so_o many_o as_o be_v not_o consent_v to_o the_o tyranny_n rest_n enemy_n to_o the_o person_n of_o the_o tyrant_n who_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n gain_v the_o love_n of_o all_o for_o impossible_a it_o be_v that_o the_o riches_n of_o any_o tyrant_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a and_o the_o honour_n he_o can_v give_v so_o many_o as_o may_v satisfy_v all_o hereof_o it_o come_v that_o those_o tyrant_n that_o be_v favour_v of_o the_o people_n and_o disfavored_a of_o the_o noble_n be_v most_o secure_a because_o their_o tyranny_n be_v support_v with_o a_o great_a strength_n have_v the_o multitude_n their_o friend_n then_o be_v the_o tyrant_n who_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o noble_n only_o have_v advance_v a_o dangerous_a thing_n it_o be_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n by_o continual_a punish_n to_o hold_v the_o mind_n of_o subject_n in_o suspicion_n for_o man_n ever_o fear_v their_o ruin_n will_v without_o respect_n determine_v to_o save_v themselves_o and_o as_o man_n desperate_a attempt_v innovation_n all_o capital_a execution_n ought_v therefore_o to_o be_v execute_v sudden_o and_o as_o it_o be_v at_o one_o instant_a so_o to_o assure_v the_o mind_n of_o man_n from_o further_a molestation_n the_o intent_n of_o every_o wise_a prince_n that_o make_v war_n either_o by_o election_n or_o ambition_n be_v to_o gain_v and_o hold_v what_o be_v get_v also_o to_o use_v the_o matter_n so_o as_o thereby_o he_o may_v enrich_v himself_o and_o not_o impoverish_v his_o own_o people_n or_o country_n he_o that_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n do_v not_o always_o increase_v his_o power_n but_o he_o that_o increase_v in_o force_n as_o well_o as_o in_o dominion_n shall_v thereby_o grow_v great_a otherwise_o he_o gain_v no_o more_o than_o be_v short_o to_o be_v lose_v and_o consequent_o he_o ruin_v himself_o for_o who_o spend_v more_o in_o the_o war_n than_o he_o gain_v by_o victory_n lose_v both_o labour_n and_o cost_n every_o prince_n and_o commonwealth_n must_v above_o all_o thing_n take_v heed_n that_o no_o necessity_n how_o great_a soever_o do_v persuade_v he_o to_o bring_v into_o his_o dominion_n any_o auxiliary_a soldier_n because_o the_o hard_a condition_n the_o enemy_n can_v offer_v be_v more_o easy_a than_o be_v such_o a_o resolution_n a_o prince_n show_v his_o ruin_n at_o hand_n whensoever_o he_o begin_v to_o break_v the_o law_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v ancient_a and_o have_v be_v long_a time_n obey_v by_o the_o people_n of_o his_o dominion_n that_o prince_n which_o care_v to_o keep_v himself_o secure_a from_o conspiracy_n ought_v rather_o to_o fear_v those_o to_o who_o he_o have_v do_v overgreat_a favour_n than_o they_o who_o he_o have_v much_o injure_v for_o these_o want_n opportunity_n the_o other_o do_v not_o and_o both_o their_o desire_n be_v as_o one_o because_o the_o appetite_n of_o command_v be_v always_o as_o much_o or_o more_o than_o the_o desire_n of_o revenge_n whensoever_o a_o prince_n discover_v a_o conspiracy_n he_o must_v well_o consider_v the_o quality_n thereof_o measure_v the_o force_n of_o the_o conspirator_n with_o his_o own_o and_o find_v they_o many_o and_o mighty_a the_o knowledge_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v dissemble_v until_o the_o prince_n power_n be_v prepare_v to_o oppose_v they_o otherwise_o he_o hazard_v his_o own_o security_n it_o have_v be_v by_o long_a experience_n find_v better_a to_o send_v one_o general_n to_o a_o army_n though_o he_o be_v of_o mean_a sufficiency_n than_o to_o give_v the_o same_o authority_n to_o two_o or_o more_o excellent_a personage_n with_o equal_a commission_n he_o that_o covet_v to_o be_v overmuch_o love_v ofttentimes_a become_v contemptible_a and_o he_o that_o endeavore_v to_o be_v overmuch_o fear_v be_v ever_o hate_a and_o to_o hold_v the_o mean_a between_o they_o can_v be_v exact_o do_v because_o nature_n will_v not_o so_o permit_v whoso_o aspire_v to_o any_o dignity_n must_v resolve_v himself_o to_o endure_v the_o envy_n of_o man_n and_o never_o to_o be_v move_v for_o any_o offence_n conceive_v against_o he_o though_o they_o that_o be_v offend_v be_v his_o dear_a friend_n neither_o shall_v he_o for_o the_o first_o affront_n or_o encounter_v relinquish_v his_o hope_n for_o he_o that_o constant_o make_v head_n against_o the_o assault_n of_o fortune_n shall_v after_o with_o facility_n arrive_v where_o he_o design_v in_o give_v council_n to_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n and_o therefore_o desire_v to_o eschew_v danger_n and_o offence_n no_o other_o mean_a be_v to_o be_v take_v than_o that_o the_o counsellor_n shall_v without_o passion_n or_o persuasion_n pronounce_v his_o opinion_n and_o never_o to_o affirm_v any_o thing_n as_o a_o resolution_n but_o with_o modesty_n to_o defend_v that_o he_o speak_v so_o as_o the_o prince_n which_o follow_v his_o advice_n may_v seem_v to_o do_v it_o voluntary_o and_o not_o force_v by_o the_o importunity_n of_o he_o that_o give_v the_o counsel_n a_o discreet_a captain_n be_v in_o the_o field_n against_o the_o enemy_n of_o who_o virtue_n he_o have_v have_v no_o proof_n ought_v first_o by_o light_a skirmish_n to_o feel_v of_o what_o virtue_n he_o be_v and_o not_o to_o enterprise_n any_o general_a adventure_n to_o the_o end_n that_o terror_n or_o fame_n shall_v not_o daunt_v nor_o discourage_v his_o own_o soldier_n albeit_o fraud_n be_v in_o all_o action_n detest_v yet_o be_v the_o same_o in_o martial_a enterprise_n commendible_a and_o glorious_a for_o that_o captain_n who_o compass_v his_o design_n by_o wit_n or_o stratagem_n be_v no_o less_o commend_v than_o he_o that_o vanquisheth_z the_o enemy_n by_o violence_n and_o force_n in_o time_n of_o extremity_n when_o resolution_n must_v be_v take_v for_o the_o have_v or_o utter_a loss_n of_o the_o state_n than_o no_o regard_n be_v to_o be_v have_v of_o justice_n or_o injustice_n mercy_n or_o cruelty_n honour_n or_o ignominy_n but_o rather_o set_v aside_o all_o respect_n that_o course_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v which_o defend_v the_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o men._n whoso_o desire_v to_o know_v what_o will_v be_v hereafter_o let_v he_o think_v of_o that_o be_v past_a for_o the_o world_n have_v ever_o be_v in_o a_o circular_a revolution_n whatsoever_o be_v now_o be_v heretofore_o and_o thing_n past_a or_o present_a be_v no_o other_o than_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v again_o redit_fw-la orbis_fw-la in_o orbem_fw-la a_o prince_n that_o desire_v to_o obtain_v any_o thing_n at_o the_o hand_n of_o another_o must_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a urge_v a_o sudden_a answer_n and_o lay_v before_o he_o that_o be_v move_v a_o necessity_n to_o resolve_v present_o give_v he_o to_o understand_v that_o denial_n or_o delay_n may_v breed_v a_o perilous_a and_o sudden_a indignation_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o difficult_a doubtful_a and_o dangerous_a than_o to_o attempt_v innovation_n for_o he_o that_o take_v in_o hand_n a_o enterprise_n of_o such_o quality_n make_v all_o those_o his_o enemy_n which_o live_v well_o under_o the_o old_a order_n and_o find_v they_o cold_a defender_n that_o affect_v his_o novelty_n which_o coldness_n proceed_v chief_o of_o incredulity_n for_o man_n be_v not_o easy_o induce_v to_o believe_v a_o new_a thing_n till_o experience_n have_v prove_v it_o to_o be_v good_a there_o be_v no_o art_n nor_o knowledge_n so_o seemly_a and_o necessary_a for_o a_o prince_n as_o the_o art_n military_a with_o the_o ordinance_n and_o discipline_n thereof_o for_o that_o be_v the_o only_a skill_n require_v in_o he_o that_o command_v and_o such_o a_o virtue_n as_o do_v not_o only_o maintain_v they_o that_o be_v bear_v prince_n but_o often_o advance_v private_a man_n to_o that_o dignity_n the_o deep_a impression_n which_o old_a injury_n make_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o great_a man_n can_v with_o new_a benefit_n be_v raze_v out_o it_o be_v also_o to_o be_v remember_v that_o injury_n be_v do_v all_o together_o for_o they_o offend_v the_o less_o and_o will_v be_v forget_v the_o soon_o but_o benefit_n shall_v by_o little_a and_o little_o be_v bestow_v so_o shall_v the_o memory_n of_o they_o long_o continue_v a_o small_a pleasure_n or_o displeasure_n present_o do_v do_v move_v more_o than_o a_o great_a good_a turn_n bestow_v in_o time_n past_a for_o the_o taste_n of_o thing_n present_a do_v make_v a_o deep_a impression_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n than_o do_v the_o memory_n of_o thing_n past_a or_o expectation_n of_o thing_n to_o
ambition_n wherewith_o many_o man_n be_v possess_v by_o experience_n i_o have_v learn_v that_o great_a folly_n it_o be_v to_o account_v that_o we_o which_o we_o have_v not_o or_o spend_v present_o in_o hope_n of_o future_a gain_n therefore_o merchant_n during_o the_o adventure_n of_o their_o good_n do_v not_o increase_v domestical_a expense_n but_o fear_v the_o worst_a assure_v what_o be_v in_o hand_n for_o such_o man_n as_o have_v gain_v unto_o themselves_o reputation_n and_o be_v account_v virtuous_a to_o maintain_v that_o conceit_n and_o eschew_v envy_n there_o be_v nothing_o better_a than_o a_o life_n retire_v from_o daily_a conversation_n and_o chief_o of_o the_o multitude_n fugiat_fw-la sapiens_fw-la commercia_fw-la vulgi_fw-la the_o end_n that_o move_v a_o prince_n to_o make_v war_n be_v to_o enrich_v himself_o and_o impoverish_v the_o enemy_n neither_o be_v victory_n desire_v for_o other_o purpose_n than_o thereby_o to_o become_v the_o more_o mighty_a and_o make_v the_o enemy_n weak_a consequent_o wheresoever_o thy_o victory_n do_v impoverish_v thou_o or_o thy_o gain_n therein_o do_v weaken_v thou_o it_o follow_v that_o either_o thou_o pass_v or_o undergo_v that_o mark_v whereunto_o the_o intention_n of_o war_n be_v direct_v and_o that_o prince_n be_v by_o victory_n enrich_v that_o can_v oppress_v the_o enemy_n power_n and_o become_v master_n of_o his_o good_n and_o possession_n and_o that_o prince_n be_v by_o victory_n impoverish_v when_o the_o enemy_n notwithstanding_o he_o be_v victor_v can_v still_o maintain_v himself_o and_o the_o spoil_n and_o possession_n be_v not_o take_v to_o the_o use_v of_o the_o prince_n victorious_a but_o impart_v unto_o his_o soldier_n for_o than_o may_v he_o be_v think_v in_o his_o own_o lose_v infortunate_a and_o in_o victory_n unhappy_a for_o if_o he_o be_v vanquish_v then_o must_v he_o endure_v the_o offence_n by_o foe_n and_o be_v victorious_a shall_v be_v force_v to_o abide_v the_o wrong_n offer_v by_o friend_n which_o as_o they_o be_v less_o reasonable_a so_o be_v they_o also_o less_o supportable_a because_o he_o be_v still_o by_o imposition_n force_v to_o burden_n the_o subject_n whereof_o may_v be_v infer_v that_o the_o prince_n have_v in_o he_o any_o generosity_n can_v just_o rejoice_v at_o that_o victory_n which_o cause_v the_o subject_a to_o lament_v who_o so_o desire_v to_o obtain_v any_o thing_n hope_v to_o compass_v his_o desire_n either_o by_o entreaty_n present_n or_o threaten_v for_o so_o shall_v he_o to_o who_o the_o request_n be_v make_v be_v move_v either_o with_o compassion_n profit_n or_o fear_v nevertheless_o with_o covetous_a and_o cruel_a man_n and_o such_o as_o be_v in_o their_o opinion_n mighty_a none_o of_o these_o can_v prevail_v and_o consequent_o in_o vain_a do_v they_o labour_v that_o go_v about_o by_o suit_n to_o stir_v they_o to_o pity_n by_o gift_n to_o gain_v they_o or_o by_o threat_n to_o fear_v they_o who_o so_o be_v persuade_v that_o any_o common_a weal_n can_v continue_v disunite_v do_v great_o deceive_v himself_o true_a it_o be_v that_o some_o division_n do_v maintain_v the_o estate_n but_o other_o do_v indamage_v the_o same_o they_o which_o do_v harm_n be_v such_o as_o with_o sect_n and_o partake_n be_v accompany_v they_o which_o help_v without_o sect_n and_o partake_n be_v maintain_v a_o wise_a governor_n therefore_o albeit_o he_o can_v so_o exact_o foresee_v but_o some_o enemy_n will_v arise_v in_o the_o state_n yet_o may_v he_o take_v order_n that_o no_o faction_n may_v thereby_o grow_v it_o be_v therefore_o to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o citizen_n of_o every_o estate_n may_v aspire_v to_o reputation_n either_o by_o private_a or_o public_a mean_n reputation_n by_o public_a mean_n be_v gain_v chief_o in_o the_o war_n either_o by_o obtain_v victory_n in_o some_o battle_n or_o surprise_v of_o some_o city_n or_o else_o by_o perform_v some_o ambassage_n diligent_o prosperous_o but_o private_a reputation_n be_v get_v by_o do_v favour_n to_o this_o or_o that_o man_n and_o protect_v they_o from_o magistrate_n give_v they_o money_n advance_v they_o unworthy_o to_o honour_n and_o office_n and_o by_o great_a feast_n entertain_v the_o multitude_n of_o which_o manner_n of_o proceed_v sect_n faction_n and_o partake_n do_v grow_v and_o as_o reputation_n thus_o gain_v be_v dangerous_a so_o the_o other_o without_o faction_n be_v profitable_a because_o the_o same_o be_v found_v on_o common_a welfare_n and_o no_o private_a profit_n and_o albeit_o among_o citizen_n of_o this_o sort_n will_v oft_o arise_v great_a hate_n yet_o want_v follower_n for_o their_o particular_a profit_n the_o state_n shall_v not_o be_v endanger_v but_o rather_o strengthen_v for_o every_o man_n endeavour_v to_o deserve_v well_o will_v hold_v himself_o within_o the_o bound_n of_o civil_a life_n and_o by_o virtuous_a merit_n labour_v to_o be_v advance_v to_o persuade_v or_o dissuade_v particular_a person_n be_v a_o matter_n of_o no_o difficulty_n for_o if_o word_n suffice_v not_o yet_o authority_n will_v prevail_v but_o hard_a and_o perilous_a it_o be_v to_o remove_v a_o false_a opinion_n conceive_v by_o a_o whole_a multitude_n for_o therein_o fair_a speech_n and_o no_o compulsion_n must_v be_v use_v the_o best_a mean_n which_o wise_a captain_n can_v use_v to_o make_v their_o soldier_n resolute_a be_v to_o take_v from_o they_o all_o hope_n which_o resolution_n may_v also_o be_v increase_v with_o the_o love_n of_o our_o country_n and_o confidence_n in_o the_o captain_n for_o confidence_n grow_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o man_n and_o discipline_n in_o former_a victory_n and_o trust_v repose_v in_o the_o leader_n the_o love_n of_o our_o country_n be_v natural_a but_o the_o affection_n we_o bear_v to_o the_o captain_n proceed_v rather_o from_o his_o virtue_n than_o the_o benefit_n he_o have_v bestow_v necessity_n also_o may_v do_v much_o and_o chief_o that_o where_o no_o choice_n be_v leave_v but_o either_o overcome_v by_o arm_n or_o die_v in_o desperation_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o so_o great_a force_n to_o hold_v a_o army_n unite_v as_o the_o reputation_n of_o the_o captain_n which_o proceed_v only_o from_o his_o virtue_n for_o neither_o dignity_n nor_o authority_n without_o valour_n can_v work_v that_o effect_n the_o first_o care_n that_o a_o captain_n must_v have_v be_v to_o hold_v his_o soldier_n well_o punish_v and_o pay_v for_o where_o payment_n fail_v punishment_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v inflict_v and_o consequent_o no_o reason_n it_o be_v to_o punish_v he_o for_o robbery_n who_o want_n of_o pay_n enforce_v to_o shift_v but_o where_o the_o soldier_n be_v pay_v and_o not_o punish_v offend_v then_o will_v he_o without_o respect_n become_v insolent_a towards_o his_o captain_n whereof_o ensue_v mutiny_n discord_n and_o utter_v ruin_n it_o be_v a_o custom_n very_o honourable_a not_o to_o promise_v more_o than_o thou_o will_v assure_o perform_v yet_o true_a it_o be_v that_o whosoever_o be_v deny_v though_o just_o do_v rest_n ill-contented_a for_o man_n indeed_o be_v not_o govern_v by_o reason_n otherwise_o it_o be_v for_o he_o that_o promise_v and_o so_o good_a promise_n shall_v stand_v in_o stead_n of_o performance_n beside_o that_o he_o may_v find_v excuse_n enough_o because_o the_o most_o part_n of_o man_n be_v so_o simple_a that_o fair_a word_n alone_o have_v power_n to_o abuse_v they_o chief_o when_o they_o proceed_v from_o a_o person_n of_o reputation_n and_o authority_n the_o best_a way_n therefore_o be_v not_o to_o promise_v precise_o but_o entertain_v the_o suitor_n with_o answer_n general_a and_o full_a of_o good_a hope_n yet_o not_o such_o as_o shall_v direct_o and_o absolute_o bind_v the_o great_a and_o most_o material_a displeasure_n that_o use_v to_o arise_v between_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n be_v cause_v by_o the_o diversity_n of_o humour_n the_o one_o labour_v to_o command_v the_o other_o endeavour_v not_o to_o obey_v so_o as_o all_o trouble_n and_o disorder_n in_o every_o common-weal_n do_v thereof_o receive_v nutriment_n the_o city_n which_o be_v maintain_v rather_o by_o faction_n than_o law_n so_o soon_o as_o one_o faction_n be_v become_v strong_a and_o without_o opposition_n the_o same_o of_o necessity_n must_v be_v divide_v in_o itself_o for_o those_o particular_a cause_n which_o be_v at_o the_o first_o take_v be_v not_o of_o force_n enough_o to_o maintain_v it_o it_o be_v the_o nature_n of_o man_n not_o to_o endure_v any_o discommodity_n unless_o necessity_n do_v thereunto_o enforce_v they_o which_o may_v apparent_o be_v perceive_v by_o their_o habitation_n for_o as_o the_o fear_n of_o war_n draw_v they_o to_o place_n of_o strength_n for_o their_o defence_n so_o that_o peril_n be_v past_a they_o do_v for_o the_o most_o part_n remove_v themselves_o to_o inhabit_v country_n of_o more_o commodity_n and_o profit_n it_o may_v seem_v strange_a and_o no_o even_a measure_n yet_o approve_v by_o experience_n that_o where_o many_o offend_v few_o be_v
ought_v so_o much_o to_o be_v regard_v as_o virtue_n for_o young_a man_n have_v make_v trial_n of_o their_o valour_n soon_o become_v age_v and_o thereby_o either_o unapt_a or_o unable_a to_o serve_v therefore_o well-governed_a commonwealth_n prefer_v military_a virtue_n before_o any_o other_o respect_n example_n valerius_n corvinus_n with_o other_o make_v consul_n the_o three_o and_o twenty_o year_n of_o his_o age_n and_o pompey_n triumph_v in_o his_o youth_n no_o wise_a or_o well-advised_a prince_n or_o other_o state_n will_v undertake_v without_o excessive_a force_n to_o invade_v the_o dominion_n of_o any_o other_o prince_n unless_o he_o assure_v himself_o of_o some_o friend_n there_o to_o be_v a_o mean_a and_o as_o it_o be_v a_o gate_n to_o prepare_v his_o passage_n example_n the_o roman_n by_o aid_n of_o the_o saguntines_n enter_v spain_n the_o aetoli_n call_v they_o into_o greece_n the_o hediai_n into_o france_n likewise_o the_o palaeologi_fw-la incite_v the_o turk_n to_o come_v into_o thrace_n and_o ludovicus_n sforza_n occasion_v charles_n the_o french_a king_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n a_o republic_n desirous_a to_o extend_v the_o bound_n thereof_o must_v endeavour_v to_o be_v full_o furnish_v with_o inhabitant_n which_o may_v be_v do_v both_o by_o love_n and_o force_n love_n be_v gain_v by_o suffer_a stranger_n to_o inhabit_v the_o city_n secure_o and_o force_n compel_v people_n to_o come_v thither_o when_o other_o city_n and_o town_n near_o at_o hand_n be_v demolish_v or_o deface_v and_o impossible_a it_o be_v without_o this_o order_n of_o proceed_v to_o enlarge_v any_o city_n or_o make_v the_o same_o of_o great_a power_n example_n the_o roman_n to_o enlarge_v their_o city_n demolish_v alba_n and_o many_o other_o town_n and_o therewith_o also_o entertain_v all_o stranger_n courteous_o so_o as_o rome_n grow_v to_o such_o greatness_n that_o the_o city_n only_o can_v arm_v six_o hundred_o and_o forty_o thousand_o man_n but_o sparta_n or_o athens_n can_v never_o exceed_v twenty_o thousand_o for_o that_o lycurgus_n have_v inhibit_v the_o access_n of_o stranger_n a_o commonwealth_n that_o consume_v more_o treasure_n in_o the_o war_n than_o it_o profit_v in_o victory_n seem_v to_o have_v rather_o hinder_v than_o honour_v or_o enrich_v the_o state_n a_o wise_a captain_n therefore_o in_o his_o action_n aught_o as_o well_o to_o profit_v the_o republic_n as_o to_o gain_v to_o himself_o glory_n example_n the_o consul_n of_o rome_n do_v seldom_o desire_v triumph_n unless_o they_o return_v from_o the_o war_n load_v with_o gold_n silver_n and_o other_o rich_a spoil_n fit_a to_o be_v deliver_v into_o the_o common_a treasury_n all_o foreign_a war_n with_o prince_n or_o other_o state_n take_v in_o hand_n be_v either_o for_o ambition_n or_o desire_n of_o glory_n or_o else_o for_o necessity_n example_n the_o roman_n for_o their_o ambition_n conquer_v many_o nation_n with_o intent_n only_o to_o have_v the_o obedience_n of_o the_o people_n yet_o do_v they_o suffer_v they_o to_o hold_v possession_n of_o their_o house_n and_o sometime_o they_o be_v permit_v to_o live_v only_o with_o their_o old_a law_n likewise_o alexander_n the_o great_a endeavour_v to_o suppress_v many_o prince_n for_o his_o glory_n but_o do_v not_o dispossess_v the_o people_n nor_o kill_v they_o otherwise_o it_o be_v where_o a_o whole_a nation_n enforce_v by_o famine_n or_o fury_n of_o war_n abandon_v their_o own_o dwelling_n and_o be_v force_v to_o inhabit_v elsewhere_o example_n the_o goth_n and_o other_o people_n of_o the_o north_n invade_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o many_o other_o province_n whereof_o their_o alteration_n of_o name_n do_v ensue_v as_o illyria_n now_o call_v slavonia_n england_n former_o name_v britain_n a_o common_a conceit_n and_o say_v it_o be_v that_o money_n make_v the_o war_n strong_a and_o be_v the_o force_n and_o sinew_n thereof_o as_o though_o he_o who_o have_v most_o treasure_n be_v also_o most_o mighty_a but_o experience_n have_v apparent_o show_v the_o contrary_n example_n after_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n king_n of_o macedon_n a_o multitude_n of_o gaul_n go_v into_o greece_n and_o be_v there_o arrive_v send_v certain_a ambassador_n to_o the_o king_n who_o suppose_v to_o make_v they_o afraid_a of_o his_o power_n show_v they_o his_o treasure_n which_o wrought_v a_o contrary_a effect_n for_o the_o gaul_n before_o desirous_a of_o peace_n resolve_v then_o to_o continue_v the_o war_n in_o hope_n to_o win_v that_o mighty_a mass_n of_o mony_n likewise_o darius_n shall_v have_v vanquish_v alexander_n and_o the_o greek_n may_v have_v conquer_v the_o roman_n if_o the_o rich_a prince_n may_v ever_o by_o his_o money_n have_v prevail_v every_o league_n make_v with_o a_o prince_n or_o republic_n remote_a be_v weak_a and_o rather_o aid_v we_o with_o fame_n than_o effect_v and_o consequent_o deceive_v all_o those_o that_o in_o such_o amity_n repose_v confidence_n example_n the_o florentine_n be_v assault_v by_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n and_o the_o pope_n pray_v aid_n of_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v far_o distant_a can_v not_o in_o time_n succour_v they_o and_o the_o cedicini_fw-la desire_v aid_n of_o the_o capuani_n against_o the_o samnite_n a_o people_n of_o no_o force_n be_v deceive_v a_o prince_n who_o people_n be_v well_o arm_v and_o train_v shall_v do_v better_a to_o attend_v his_o enemy_n at_o home_n than_o by_o invasion_n to_o assault_v his_o country_n but_o such_o prince_n who_o subject_n be_v disarm_v have_v need_n to_o hold_v the_o enemy_n aloof_o example_n the_o roman_n and_o in_o this_o age_n the_o swiss_n be_v well_o arm_v may_v attend_v the_o war_n at_o home_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o italian_n be_v not_o so_o well_o furnish_v do_v ever_o use_v to_o seek_v the_o enemy_n the_o plurality_n of_o commander_n in_o equal_a authority_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n occasion_n of_o slow_a proceed_v in_o the_o war._n example_n there_o be_v at_o one_o time_n in_o rome_n create_v four_o tribuni_fw-la militares_fw-la with_o authority_n of_o consul_n viz._n t._n quintus_fw-la after_o his_o consulship_n cajus_n furius_n m._n posthumus_n and_o a._n cornelius_n cassius_n among_o who_o arise_v so_o much_o diversity_n and_o contrariety_n of_o opinion_n as_o nothing_o can_v be_v do_v till_o their_o authority_n cease_v and_o m._n aemylius_n make_v dictator_n a_o victory_n obtain_v by_o any_o great_a captain_n with_o the_o authority_n of_o his_o prince_n commission_n counsel_n and_o direction_n ought_v ever_o to_o be_v impute_v rather_o to_o the_o wisdom_n of_o the_o prince_n than_o the_o valour_n of_o the_o captain_n which_o make_v the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n to_o permit_v no_o captain_n how_o great_a soever_o his_o victory_n be_v to_o triumph_n as_o before_o that_o time_n the_o consul_n have_v do_v and_o even_o in_o those_o day_n a_o modest_a refusal_n of_o triumph_n be_v commend_v example_n m._n fulvius_n have_v gain_v a_o great_a victory_n against_o the_o tuscan_n be_v both_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n admit_v to_o triumph_n but_o the_o refusal_n of_o that_o honour_n prove_v his_o great_a glory_n all_o they_o that_o from_o private_a estate_n have_v aspire_v to_o principality_n either_o by_o force_n or_o fraud_n be_v come_v thereunto_o unless_o the_o same_o be_v give_v or_o by_o inheritance_n descend_v yet_o it_o be_v rare_o see_v that_o force_v alone_o prevail_v but_o fraud_n without_o force_n ofttimes_o suffice_v example_n agathocles_n by_o such_o mean_n become_v prince_n of_o syracuse_n john_n galeazzo_n by_o abuse_v his_o uncle_n barnabas_n gain_v the_o dominion_n of_o lombardy_n and_o cyrus_n circumvent_v cyaxares_n his_o mother_n brother_n and_o by_o that_o craft_n aspire_v to_o greatness_n sudden_a resolution_n be_v always_o dangerous_a and_o no_o less_o peril_n ensue_v of_o slow_a and_o doubtful_a delay_n example_n when_o hieron_n prince_n of_o syracuse_n die_v the_o war_n even_o then_o be_v in_o great_a heat_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n they_o of_o syracuse_n consult_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o follow_v the_o fortune_n of_o rome_n or_o carthage_n in_o which_o doubt_v they_o continue_v until_o apollondy_n a_o chief_a captain_n of_o syracuse_n lay_v before_o they_o that_o so_o long_a delay_n will_v make_v they_o hate_v both_o of_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n likewise_o the_o flcrentines_n be_v by_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o require_v to_o give_v his_o army_n passage_n towards_o naples_n muse_v so_o long_o upon_o a_o answer_n that_o he_o become_v their_o enemy_n and_o they_o force_v to_o recover_v his_o favour_n full_a dear_o to_o govern_v a_o state_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o take_v such_o order_n as_o the_o subject_n may_v not_o or_o ought_v not_o to_o offend_v which_o may_v be_v do_v either_o by_o remove_v from_o they_o all_o mean_n to_o disobey_v or_o by_o afford_v they_o so_o great_a favour_n as_o reasonable_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o
same_o passion_n with_o former_a age_n consequent_o of_o these_o do_n the_o same_o effect_n ensue_v example_n the_o almain_n and_o french_a have_v ever_o be_v note_v for_o their_o avarice_n pride_n fury_n and_o infidelity_n and_o so_o in_o divers_a age_n experience_n have_v prove_v even_o to_o this_o present_a for_o perfidious_a deal_v the_o french_a have_v give_v sufficient_a proof_n not_o only_o in_o ancient_a time_n but_o also_o in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n viii_o who_o promise_v to_o render_v to_o the_o florentine_n the_o fort_n of_o pisa_n but_o have_v divers_a time_n receive_v money_n hold_v they_o notwithstanding_o in_o possession_n the_o florentine_n find_v the_o like_a in_o the_o almain_n for_o in_o the_o war_n of_o the_o visconti_n duke_n of_o milan_n they_o pray_v aid_n of_o the_o emperor_n who_o promise_v they_o great_a force_n in_o consideration_n whereof_o he_o be_v to_o receive_v of_o the_o florentine_n one_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n in_o hand_n and_o as_o much_o more_o when_o his_o army_n be_v arrive_v in_o italy_n both_o which_o payment_n be_v perform_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o emperor_n come_v to_o verona_n he_o devise_v cavillation_n of_o unkindness_n whereupon_o he_o return_v home_o a_o prince_n desirous_a to_o obtain_v any_o thing_n of_o another_o must_v if_o occasion_n so_o permit_v urge_v his_o demand_n so_o earnest_o and_o press_v for_o so_o sudden_a and_o present_a answer_n as_o he_o who_o be_v press_v may_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o consider_v how_o to_o excuse_v himself_o in_o denial_n example_n pope_n julio_n endeavour_v to_o drive_v out_o of_o bologna_n all_o the_o bentivoli_n in_o which_o action_n he_o think_v the_o aid_n of_o the_o french_a necessary_a and_o that_o the_o venetian_n shall_v stand_v neutral_a and_o by_o divers_a messenger_n do_v solicit_v they_o to_o that_o effect_n but_o not_o receive_v any_o resolute_a answer_n he_o think_v fit_a with_o those_o few_o force_n he_o have_v to_o take_v his_o journey_n to_o bologna_n whereupon_o the_o venetian_n advertise_v he_o they_o will_v remain_v neutral_a and_o the_o french_a king_n forthwith_o send_v he_o force_n as_o fear_v the_o pope_n indignation_n likewise_o the_o tuscan_n have_v former_o desire_a aid_n of_o the_o samnite_n against_o the_o roman_n take_v arm_n sudden_o and_o obtain_v their_o request_n which_o the_o samnite_n have_v before_o deny_v when_o a_o multitude_n offend_v all_o may_v not_o be_v punish_v because_o they_o be_v too_o many_o to_o punish_v part_n and_o leave_v the_o rest_n unpunished_a be_v injury_n to_o the_o sufferer_n and_o to_o those_o that_o escape_n a_o encouragement_n to_o offend_v again_o therefore_o to_o eschew_v all_o extremity_n mean_v course_n have_v be_v ancient_o use_v example_n when_o all_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o roman_n conspire_v to_o poison_n their_o husband_n a_o convenient_a number_n of_o they_o be_v punish_v and_o the_o rest_n suffer_v to_o pass_v likewise_o at_o the_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o bacchanal_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o macedonian_a war_n wherein_o many_o thousand_o man_n and_o woman_n have_v part_n every_o ten_o person_n only_o be_v put_v to_o death_n by_o lot_n although_o the_o offence_n be_v general_a by_o which_o manner_n of_o punish_v he_o that_o suffer_v complain_v on_o his_o fortune_n and_o he_o that_o escape_v be_v put_v in_o fear_n that_o offend_v again_o the_o same_o punishment_n may_v light_v upon_o himself_o and_o therefore_o will_v no_o more_o offend_v a_o battle_n or_o great_a action_n in_o arm_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v enterprise_v without_o special_a commission_n or_o command_n from_o the_o prince_n otherwise_o the_o general_n incur_v great_a danger_n example_n papyrius_n the_o dictator_n punish_v the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n for_o have_v fight_v without_o his_o consent_n although_o he_o have_v in_o battle_n slay_v 20000_o enemy_n without_o loss_n of_o 200_o of_o his_o own_o and_o caesar_n commend_v his_o captain_n silanus_n for_o have_v refrain_v to_o fight_v though_o with_o great_a advantage_n he_o may_v also_o count_v egmont_n hazard_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o king_n his_o master_n for_o give_v battle_n to_o martial_n de_fw-fr thermes_n albeit_o he_o be_v victorious_a for_o upon_o the_o success_n of_o that_o action_n the_o loss_n or_o safety_n of_o all_o the_o low_a country_n depend_v to_o govern_v without_o council_n be_v not_o only_o dangerous_a in_o aristocracy_n and_o popular_a state_n but_o unto_o independent_a prince_n a_o occasion_n of_o utter_a ruin_n example_n hieron_n the_o first_o king_n of_o sicily_n in_o all_o his_o proceed_n use_v the_o advice_n of_o counsel_n and_o live_v fifty_o year_n prosperous_o in_o peace_n but_o his_o grandchild_n succeed_v refuse_v all_o counsel_n lose_v his_o kingdom_n and_o be_v with_o all_o his_o kinsfolk_n and_o friend_n cruel_o slay_v in_o all_o monarchy_n the_o senate_n or_o priw-council_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v compose_v of_o person_n of_o great_a dignity_n or_o man_n of_o approve_a wisdom_n and_o understanding_n example_n in_o polonia_n no_o man_n be_v counsellor_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o palatine_n a_o bishop_n a_o castellan_n a_o captain_n or_o such_o a_o one_o as_o have_v be_v ambassador_n and_o in_o turkey_n the_o title_n of_o counsellor_n be_v not_o give_v but_o only_o to_o the_o four_o bassaes._n the_o two_o cadelesquire_n the_o twelve_o beglerbeg_n and_o king_n son_n who_o in_o his_o father_n absence_n be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o precedent_n of_o the_o divano_n or_o senate_n many_o prince_n ancient_a and_o modern_a have_v use_v to_o select_v out_o of_o their_o council_n two_o or_o three_o or_o four_o at_o most_o to_o who_o only_o they_o do_v impart_v their_o affair_n example_n the_o emperor_n augustus_n have_v maecenas_n and_o agrippa_n julius_n caesar_n q._n paedius_n and_o cor._n balbus_n who_o he_o only_o trust_v with_o his_o cipher_n and_o secret_n be_v counsellor_n of_o the_o cabinet_n as_o we_o now_o call_v they_o the_o alteration_n of_o old_a law_n or_o introduction_n of_o new_a be_v in_o all_o state_n very_o dangerous_a notwithstanding_o any_o appearance_n of_o profit_n or_o public_a utility_n which_o move_v wise_a governor_n to_o decree_n that_o ancient_a law_n once_o establish_v may_v never_o be_v call_v in_o question_n example_n the_o athenian_n decree_v that_o no_o law_n shall_v be_v propound_v to_o the_o people_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n the_o like_a use_n be_v observe_v in_o venice_n where_o no_o petition_n be_v prefer_v to_o the_o senate_n but_o by_o advice_n of_o the_o sage_n and_o among_o the_o locrian_n the_o custom_n be_v that_o whosoever_o present_v any_o new_a law_n to_o be_v confirm_v shall_v come_v with_o a_o halter_n about_o his_o neck_n and_o be_v therewith_o hang_v if_o his_o request_n be_v reject_v also_o lycurgus_n to_o prevent_v the_o alteration_n of_o his_o law_n do_v swear_v the_o people_n of_o sparta_n to_o observe_v they_o untilhis_n return_n and_o thereupon_o retire_v himself_o into_o voluntary_a exile_n with_o intent_n never_o to_o return_v when_o necessity_n or_o good_a reason_n move_v innovation_n or_o abolition_n of_o law_n a_o course_n more_o secure_a it_o be_v to_o do_v it_o rather_o by_o degree_n than_o sudden_o example_n the_o roman_n find_v the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n unprofitable_a suffer_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v or_o neglect_v at_o discretion_n but_o will_v not_o public_o suppress_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o call_v other_o law_n into_o contempt_n so_o do_v they_o continue_v 700_o year_n and_o be_v then_o cass_v by_o ebutius_n the_o tribune_n but_o agis_n king_n of_o lacedaemon_n desirous_a to_o revive_v the_o law_n of_o lycurgus_n long_o discontinue_v enforce_v all_o man_n to_o bring_v in_o their_o evidence_n and_o write_n to_o be_v cancel_v to_o the_o end_n a_o new_a partition_n of_o land_n and_o good_n may_v be_v make_v which_o sudden_a and_o violent_a proceed_n prove_v so_o fatal_a that_o it_o move_v a_o dangerous_a sedition_n wherein_o he_o be_v dispose_v and_o with_o his_o mother_n and_o friend_n put_v to_o death_n which_o example_n haply_o move_v the_o venetian_n not_o to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o authority_n of_o augustino_n barberino_n their_o duke_n but_o after_o his_o death_n and_o before_o the_o election_n of_o lovedono_fw-it the_o signiory_n publish_v new_a ordinance_n detractive_a from_o the_o ducal_z authority_n who_o have_v win_v to_o himself_o so_o great_a love_n and_o affection_n as_o thereby_o to_o become_v master_n of_o the_o force_n and_o at_o his_o pleasure_n command_v the_o subject_n apt_a for_o arm_n may_v also_o without_o right_a or_o title_n assure_v himself_o of_o the_o whole_a estate_n example_n hugh_n capat_v a_o subject_a to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n be_v great_o honour_v by_o the_o soldier_n find_v mean_n thereby_o to_o prevent_v charles_n duke_n of_o lorraine_n of_o the_o crown_n be_v right_a heir_n by_o descent_n
change_v their_o fortune_n for_o the_o mean_a course_n prove_v dangerous_a example_n the_o latin_n be_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o camillus_n overcome_v yield_v themselves_o to_o endure_v what_o punishment_n it_o please_v the_o roman_n to_o inflict_v a_o ingenious_a and_o magnanimous_a answer_n be_v make_v unto_o wise_a magistrate_n do_v oft_o obtain_v both_o pardon_n and_o grace_n example_n when_o the_o privernates_n have_v rebel_v and_o be_v by_o force_n constrain_v to_o return_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o the_o roman_n they_o send_v certain_a of_o the_o city_n unto_o rome_n to_o desire_v pardon_n who_o be_v bring_v before_o the_o senate_n one_o of_o the_o senator_n ask_v the_o privernates_n what_o punishment_n themselves_o do_v think_v they_o have_v deserve_v the_o same_o quoth_v they_o which_o man_n live_v in_o freedom_n think_v they_o be_v worthy_a of_o whereto_o the_o consul_n thus_o reply_v quid_fw-la si_fw-la poenam_fw-la remittimus_fw-la qualem_fw-la nos_fw-la patem_fw-la vobiscum_fw-la habituros_fw-la speremus_fw-la the_o privernates_n answer_v si_fw-mi bonam_fw-la dederitis_fw-la &_o fidelem_fw-la &_o perpetuam_fw-la si_fw-la malam_fw-la haud_fw-la diuturnam_fw-la which_o answer_n be_v think_v to_o proceed_v from_o generous_a man_n and_o therefore_o they_o be_v not_o only_o pardon_v but_o also_o honour_v and_o receive_v into_o the_o number_n of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n all_o castle_n fortress_n and_o place_n of_o strength_n be_v make_v for_o defence_n either_o against_o the_o enemy_n or_o subject_n in_o the_o first_o case_n they_o be_v not_o necessary_a in_o the_o second_o dangerous_a for_o thereby_o the_o prince_n may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n take_v occasion_n to_o insult_v upon_o the_o subject_a when_o much_o more_o seemly_a he_o may_v settle_v his_o estate_n upon_o the_o love_n and_o good_a affection_n of_o men._n example_n the_o castle_n of_o milan_n make_v by_o duke_n francisco_n sforza_n incite_v his_o heir_n to_o become_v insolent_a and_o consequent_o they_o become_v odious_a which_o be_v also_o the_o cause_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o that_o city_n be_v assault_v the_o enemy_n with_o facility_n do_v possess_v it_o that_o prince_n or_o potentate_n which_o build_v his_o severity_n rather_o upon_o the_o trust_v he_o have_v in_o fortress_n than_o the_o love_n of_o man_n shall_v be_v deceive_v for_o no_o place_n be_v so_o strong_a as_o can_v long_o defend_v itself_o unless_o by_o the_o love_n and_o aid_n of_o man_n it_o be_v in_o time_n of_o necessity_n succour_v example_n pope_n julio_n have_v draw_v the_o bentivoli_n out_o of_o bologna_n build_v there_o a_o strong_a castle_n the_o governor_n thereof_o rob_v the_o people_n and_o they_o therewith_o grieve_v in_o a_o short_a time_n take_v the_o castle_n from_o he_o so_o after_o the_o revolt_n of_o genoa_n lewis_n the_o twelve_o come_v to_o the_o recovery_n thereof_o and_o build_v there_o the_o strong_a fortification_n of_o italy_n as_o well_o for_o sight_n as_o the_o circumstance_n inexpugnable_a nevertheless_o the_o citizen_n rebel_v and_o within_o sixteen_o month_n the_o french_a be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o castle_n and_o government_n to_o octavio_n fragosa_n to_o build_v fort_n upon_o place_n of_o strength_n either_o for_o defence_n of_o our_o own_o or_o to_o hold_v that_o which_o be_v take_v from_o other_o have_v ever_o prove_v to_o small_a purpose_n example_n the_o roman_n have_v suppress_v the_o rebellion_n of_o the_o latin_n and_o privernates_n albeit_o they_o be_v people_n warlike_a and_o lover_n of_o liberty_n yet_o to_o keep_v they_o subject_a build_v there_o no_o castle_n nor_o other_o place_n fortify_v and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v not_o only_o forbear_v to_o fortify_v the_o town_n they_o conquer_v but_o also_o leave_v their_o chief_a city_n of_o sparta_n unwall_v the_o necessity_n or_o use_v of_o fortification_n be_v only_o upon_o frontier_n or_o such_o principal_a place_n where_o prince_n make_v their_o habitation_n to_o the_o end_n the_o fury_n of_o sudden_a assault_n may_v be_v stay_v and_o time_n for_o succour_n entertain_v otherwise_o example_n the_o castle_n of_o milan_n be_v make_v to_o hold_v the_o state_n in_o obedience_n can_v not_o so_o do_v either_o for_o the_o house_n of_o sforza_n or_o france_n guido_n ubaldo_n duke_n of_o velin_n drive_v from_o his_o dominion_n by_o caesar_n borgia_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o recover_v his_o country_n cause_v all_o the_o fort_n to_o be_v demolish_v for_o by_o experience_n he_o find_v the_o love_n of_o man_n be_v the_o sure_a defence_n and_o that_o fortification_n prevail_v no_o less_o against_o he_o than_o for_o he_o the_o cause_n of_o division_n and_o faction_n in_o every_o commonweal_n proceed_v most_o common_o of_o idleness_n and_o peace_n and_o that_o which_o unit_v be_v fear_n and_o war._n example_n the_o vejenti_fw-la and_o elinsci_fw-la have_v intelligence_n of_o great_a contention_n between_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n think_v that_o a_o fit_a opportunity_n to_o oppress_v the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o but_o the_o roman_n inform_v of_o such_o a_o intention_n appease_v all_o domestic_a anger_n and_o by_o the_o valour_n of_o their_o arm_n conduct_v by_o gn._n manlius_n and_o m._n fabius_n defeat_v the_o enemy_n force_n the_o mean_n to_o usurp_v a_o estate_n disjoint_v be_v first_o before_o arm_n be_v take_v to_o become_v as_o it_o be_v a_o arbitrator_n or_o a_o friend_n indifferent_a and_o after_o arm_n be_v take_v then_o to_o send_v moderate_a aid_n to_o the_o weak_a side_n as_o well_o to_o entertain_v the_o war_n between_o the_o faction_n as_o also_o to_o consume_v the_o strength_n both_o of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o yet_o in_o no_o wise_a to_o employ_v any_o great_a force_n for_o thereby_o either_o party_n may_v discover_v the_o intent_n to_o suppress_v they_o example_n the_o city_n of_o pistoia_n fall_v into_o division_n the_o florentine_n take_v occasion_n sometime_o to_o favour_v the_o one_o and_o sometime_o the_o other_o that_o in_o the_o end_n both_o side_n weary_a of_o the_o war_n voluntary_o yield_v to_o their_o devotion_n philippo_n viscount_n hope_v sundry_a time_n by_o occasion_n of_o faction_n to_o oppress_v the_o florentine_n do_v often_o assault_v they_o with_o great_a force_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o they_o become_v reunite_v and_o consequent_o the_o duke_n deceive_v of_o his_o expectation_n a_o great_a wisdom_n it_o be_v to_o refrain_v opprobrious_a and_o injurious_a speech_n for_o as_o neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o can_v any_o whit_n decrease_v the_o enemy_n force_n so_o do_v it_o move_v he_o to_o great_a hate_n and_o more_o desire_n to_o offend_v example_n gabide_v a_o general_n of_o the_o persian_n have_v long_o besiege_v amida_n become_v weary_a and_o prepare_v to_o abandon_v the_o enterprise_n raise_v his_o camp_n which_o they_o of_o the_o city_n behold_v begin_v to_o revile_v the_o persian_n and_o from_o the_o wall_n reprove_v they_o of_o cowardice_n which_o undiscreet_a word_n so_o high_o offend_v gabide_v as_o thereupon_o he_o resolve_v to_o continue_v the_o siege_n and_o within_o few_o day_n win_v the_o city_n tiberius_n gracchus_n appoint_v captain_n of_o certain_a band_n of_o man_n who_o for_o want_v of_o other_o soldier_n the_o roman_n entertain_v proclaim_v in_o his_o camp_n that_o no_o man_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n shall_v contumelious_o call_v any_o soldier_n slave_n either_o in_o earnest_n or_o jest._n nam_fw-la facetiae_fw-la asperae_fw-la quando_fw-la nimium_fw-la ex_fw-la vero_fw-la traxere_fw-la acrem_fw-la svi_fw-la memoriam_fw-la relinquunt_fw-la likewise_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v conquer_v well_o near_o all_o the_o east_n bring_v his_o force_n before_o tyre_n they_o fear_v alexander_n fury_n offer_v upon_o honourable_a consideration_n to_o yield_v he_o obedience_n only_o require_v that_o neither_o he_o nor_o any_o of_o his_o force_n shall_v enter_v the_o city_n which_o motion_n after_o four_o month_n alexander_n accept_v and_o so_o signify_v by_o his_o ambassador_n who_o arrive_v at_o tyre_n be_v by_o the_o proud_a citizen_n slay_v whereat_o alexander_n grow_v into_o choler_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o forsake_v the_o siege_n stay_v his_o force_n and_o in_o the_o end_n sack_v the_o city_n and_o put_v the_o people_n to_o the_o sword_n a_o prince_n or_o any_o other_o state_n be_v assault_v by_o a_o enemy_n of_o far_o more_o puissance_n than_o himself_o ought_v not_o to_o refuse_v any_o honourable_a composition_n chief_o when_o they_o be_v offer_v for_o no_o condition_n can_v be_v so_o base_a but_o shall_v in_o some_o sort_n turn_n to_o advantage_n and_o honour_n of_o he_o that_o accept_v they_o example_n anno_fw-la 1512._o certain_a florentine_n procure_v great_a force_n of_o spaniard_n to_o come_v thither_o as_o well_o to_o reposess_v the_o medici_n then_o banish_v as_o also_o to_o sack_v the_o city_n promise_v that_o so_o soon_o as_o the_o army_n of_o spain_n do_v come_v into_o the_o florentine_a dominion_n the_o faction_n of_o medici_n will_v be_v ready_a
arm_v to_o receive_v they_o but_o the_o spaniard_n be_v come_v find_v no_o force_n at_o all_o to_o join_v with_o they_o and_o therefore_o want_v victual_n offer_v composition_n the_o florentine_n find_v the_o enemy_n distress_v grow_v insolent_a and_o refuse_v peace_n whereof_o follow_v the_o loss_n of_o prato_n and_o many_o other_o inconvenience_n the_o like_a happen_v to_o they_o of_o tyre_n as_o before_o the_o denial_n or_o delay_n of_o justice_n desire_v in_o revenge_n of_o injury_n either_o public_a or_o private_o offer_v be_v a_o thing_n very_o dangerous_a to_o every_o prince_n or_o other_o state_n for_o that_o the_o party_n injure_v do_v oft_o by_o indirect_a mean_n though_o with_o hazard_n of_o his_o country_n and_o himself_o seek_v satisfaction_n example_n the_o complaint_n which_o the_o galli_n make_v against_o the_o fabii_n who_o send_v ambassador_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o tossani_n not_o be_v hear_v nor_o any_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o they_o for_o fight_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v the_o cause_n that_o the_o galli_n be_v offend_v with_o the_o state_n whereof_o follow_v the_o sack_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o delay_n of_o justice_n in_o philip_n of_o macedon_n for_o not_o revenge_v the_o incestuous_a oppression_n of_o attalus_n to_o pausanias_n be_v the_o motive_n to_o murder_v that_o king_n whoso_o endeavour_v the_o alteration_n of_o any_o state_n must_v of_o necessity_n proceed_v with_o all_o severity_n and_o leave_v some_o memorable_a example_n to_o those_o that_o shall_v impugn_v the_o ordinance_n of_o government_n new_o settle_v example_n when_o junius_n brutus_n have_v by_o his_o great_a valour_n banish_v the_o tarquin_n and_o swear_v the_o people_n that_o no_o king_n shall_v ever_o reign_v in_o rome_n within_o short_a time_n after_o many_o young_a noble_n among_o who_o be_v brutus_n son_n impatient_a of_o the_o equality_n of_o the_o new_a government_n conspire_v to_o recall_v the_o tarquin_n but_o brutus_n thereof_o inform_v cause_v his_o own_o son_n not_o only_o to_o be_v condemn_v to_o death_n but_o be_v himself_o present_a at_o the_o execution_n as_o health_n and_o soundness_n of_o the_o hand_n leg_n and_o other_o outward_a member_n can_v continue_v life_n unless_o the_o heart_n and_o vital_a spirit_n within_o be_v strong_a and_o firm_a so_o fortification_n and_o frontier-defence_n do_v not_o prevail_v unless_o the_o whole_a corpse_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o people_n be_v well_o arm_v example_n when_o the_o emperor_n come_v into_o italy_n and_o have_v with_o some_o difficulty_n past_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o venetian_n well_o near_o without_o resistance_n his_o army_n march_v to_o venice_n and_o may_v doubtless_o have_v possess_v the_o city_n have_v it_o not_o be_v defend_v with_o water_n likewise_o the_o english_a in_o their_o assault_n of_o france_n except_v a_o few_o encounter_n on_o the_o frontier_n find_v no_o puissant_a resistance_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o anno_fw-la 1513._o they_o force_v all_o that_o state_n and_o the_o king_n himself_o to_o tremble_v as_o oft_o before_o they_o have_v do_v but_o contrariwise_o the_o roman_n know_v that_o life_n lie_v in_o the_o heart_n ever_o hold_v the_o body_n of_o their_o state_n strong_a for_o the_o near_a the_o enemy_n approach_v rome_n the_o better_a they_o find_v the_o country_n arm_v and_o defend_v the_o desire_n to_o command_v sovereign_o be_v of_o so_o great_a force_n as_o do_v not_o only_o work_v in_o those_o that_o be_v in_o expectation_n of_o principality_n but_o also_o in_o they_o that_o have_v no_o title_n at_o all_o example_n this_o appetite_n move_v the_o wife_n of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n contrary_a to_o all_o natural_a duty_n to_o incite_v her_o husband_n to_o murder_v she_o own_o father_n servius_n and_o possess_v his_o kingdom_n as_o be_v persuade_v it_o be_v much_o more_o honourable_a to_o be_v a_o queen_n than_o to_o be_v the_o daughter_n of_o a_o king_n the_o violation_n of_o ancient_a law_n order_n and_o custom_n under_o which_o people_n have_v long_a time_n live_v be_v the_o chief_a and_o only_o cause_v whereby_o prince_n hazard_v their_o estate_n and_o royal_a dignity_n example_n albeit_o the_o deflower_v of_o lucrece_n be_v the_o occasion_n yet_o be_v it_o not_o the_o cause_n that_o move_v the_o roman_n to_o take_v arm_n against_o tarquin_n for_o he_o have_v before_o that_o fact_n of_o sextus_n his_o son_n govern_v tyrannical_o and_o take_v from_o the_o senate_n all_o authority_n be_v become_v odious_a both_o to_o the_o senate_n nobility_n and_o people_n who_o find_v themselves_o well-governed_a never_o seek_v or_o wish_v any_o other_o liberty_n or_o alteration_n a_o prince_n that_o desire_v to_o live_v secure_a from_o conspiracy_n have_v cause_n rather_o to_o fear_v those_o on_o who_o he_o have_v bestow_v overgreat_a riches_n and_o honour_n than_o those_o who_o he_o have_v great_o injure_v because_o they_o want_v mean_n to_o offend_v the_o other_o have_v many_o opportunity_n to_o do_v it_o example_n perrenius_fw-la the_o prime_a favourite_n of_o commodus_n the_o emperor_n conspire_v his_o death_n plautianus_n do_v the_o like_a to_o severus_n and_o sejanus_n to_o tiberius_n for_o be_v advance_v to_o so_o great_a honour_n riches_n and_o office_n as_o nothing_o remain_v desirable_a but_o the_o imperial_a title_n they_o conspire_v against_o the_o person_n of_o their_o sovereign_n in_o hope_n of_o the_o dignity_n but_o in_o the_o end_n they_o endure_v that_o punishment_n which_o to_o such_o disloyalty_n and_o ingratitude_n appertain_v a_o army_n which_o want_v experience_n albeit_o the_o captain_n be_v expert_a be_v not_o great_o to_o be_v fear_v neither_o ought_v a_o army_n of_o well-trained_a soldier_n to_o be_v much_o esteem_v who_o captain_n be_v ignorant_a example_n caesar_n go_v into_o africa_n against_o afranius_n and_o petraeus_n who_o army_n be_v full_a of_o old_a soldier_n say_v he_o fear_v they_o little_a quia_fw-la ibat_fw-la ad_fw-la exercitum_fw-la sine_fw-la deuce_fw-la contrariwise_o when_o he_o go_v to_o pharsalia_n to_o encounter_v pompey_n he_o say_v ibo_fw-la ad_fw-la ducem_fw-la sine_fw-la exercitu_fw-la a_o captain-general_n command_v a_o army_n ought_v rather_o to_o govern_v with_o courtesy_n and_o mildness_n than_o with_o overmuch_o austerity_n and_o severity_n example_n q._n and_o appius_n claudius_n be_v consul_n be_v appoint_v to_o govern_v the_o war._n to_o q._n be_v allot_v one_o army_n which_o serve_v very_o dutiful_o but_o appius_n command_v the_o other_o with_o great_a cruelty_n be_v by_o his_o soldier_n unwilling_o obey_v nevertheless_o tacitus_n seem_v of_o contrary_a opinion_n say_v plus_fw-fr poena_n quam_fw-la obsequium_fw-la valet_fw-la therefore_o to_o reconcile_v these_o different_a conceit_n i_o say_v that_o a_o general_n have_v power_n to_o command_v man_n either_o they_o be_v confederates_n or_o subject_n if_o confederates_n or_o voluntary_n he_o may_v not_o proceed_v to_o extreme_a punishment_n if_o subject_n and_o his_o power_n absolute_a they_o may_v be_v govern_v otherwise_o yet_o with_o such_o respect_n as_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o general_n enforce_v not_o the_o soldier_n to_o hate_v he_o honour_n may_v sometime_o be_v get_v as_o well_o by_o the_o loss_n as_o gain_v of_o victory_n every_o man_n know_v glory_n be_v due_a to_o the_o victor_n and_o we_o deny_v not_o the_o same_o privilege_n to_o the_o vanquish_a be_v able_a to_o make_v proof_n that_o the_o loss_n proceed_v not_o from_o his_o default_n neither_o be_v it_o dishonourable_a to_o violate_v those_o promise_n whereto_o the_o necessity_n or_o disadvantage_n of_o war_n enforce_v and_o force_a promise_n which_o concern_v a_o whole_a state_n be_v not_o bind_v and_o rare_o or_o ever_o keep_v nor_o be_v the_o breaker_n thereby_o to_o receive_v disgrace_n example_n posthumus_n the_o consul_n have_v make_v a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o samnite_n be_v by_o they_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n send_v home_o disarm_v be_v arrive_v at_o rome_n the_o consul_n inform_v the_o people_n they_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o perform_v the_o base_a condition_n he_o be_v compel_v to_o yield_v unto_o albeit_o he_o and_o those_o few_o that_o promise_v be_v bind_v to_o perform_v they_o the_o senate_n thereupon_o conclude_v to_o send_v he_o prisoner_n to_o samno_n where_o he_o constant_o protest_v the_o fault_n to_o be_v only_o his_o own_o wherefore_o the_o people_n by_o that_o peace_n incur_v no_o dishonour_n at_o all_o and_o fortune_n so_o much_o favour_v posthumus_n as_o the_o samnite_n be_v content_a present_o to_o return_v he_o to_o rome_n where_o he_o become_v more_o glorious_a for_o lose_v the_o victory_n than_o be_v pontius_n at_o samno_n for_o have_v win_v the_o victory_n wise_a man_n have_v long_o observe_v that_o who_o so_o will_v know_v what_o shall_v be_v must_v consider_v what_o be_v past_a for_o all_o worldly_a thing_n hold_v the_o same_o course_n they_o have_v at_o first_o the_o reason_n be_v that_o as_o long_o as_o man_n be_v possess_v with_o the_o