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success_n pure_o to_o his_o single_a virtue_n and_o bravery_n while_o the_o roman_n treat_v their_o consul_n with_o grievous_a reproach_n lay_v the_o whole_a disaster_n and_o the_o danger_n to_o which_o his_o country_n be_v thereby_o reduce_v to_o his_o sole_a folly_n and_o temerity_n formal_o call_v he_o to_o his_o trial_n and_o load_v he_o with_o a_o very_a rigorous_a sentence_n nevertheless_o they_o abate_v nothing_o of_o their_o resolution_n upon_o these_o misfortune_n which_o do_v not_o in_o any_o wise_a slacken_v their_o purpose_n to_o stretch_v their_o utmost_a strength_n to_o recover_v new_a force_n for_o prosecute_v the_o war_n such_o be_v the_o contention_n between_o those_o two_o people_n who_o shall_v remain_v superior_a and_o now_o one_o of_o the_o two_o new_a choose_a consul_n l._n junius_n be_v dispatch_v over_o
a_o long_a line_n join_v they_o at_o the_o extremity_n with_o the_o other_o possess_v all_o that_o side_n of_o the_o ground_n that_o look_v towards_o the_o south_n in_o the_o right-wing_n he_o post_v the_o roman_a horse_n fill_v with_o they_o the_o space_n between_o the_o rest_n and_o the_o river_n the_o foot_n he_o dispose_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n but_o in_o close_a order_n in_o the_o rear_n than_o in_o the_o front_n in_o regard_n the_o number_n of_o the_o cohort_n be_v double_v on_o the_o left_a wing_n be_v place_v the_o horse_n of_o the_o confederates_n the_o light-armed_a troop_n be_v advance_v some_o distance_n before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n the_o whole_a roman_a army_n take_v in_o the_o troop_n of_o the_o ally_n consist_v of_o fourscore_o thousand_o foot_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n order_v the_o baleares_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n post_v they_o advance_v before_o the_o ensign_n then_o command_v the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n to_o march_v he_o pass_v the_o river_n likewise_o in_o two_o place_n and_o range_v they_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n front_v the_o enemy_n on_o the_o left_a point_n be_v the_o part_n near_a the_o river_n he_o post_v his_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n oppose_v to_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n next_o these_o he_o place_v the_o one_o half_a of_o his_o african_a foot_n who_o bear_v weighty_a armour_n their_o flank_n be_v likewise_o secure_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o african_n his_o numidian_a horse_n he_o post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o after_o have_v thus_o form_v his_o line_n of_o battle_n draw_v out_o in_o length_n and_o of_o equal_a depth_n he_o make_v the_o centre_n or_o middle_a battalion_n which_o be_v compose_v of_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a legionary_n to_o move_v a_o little_a forward_a in_o such_o manner_n as_o that_o the_o figure_n when_o they_o have_v so_o do_v with_o the_o two_o wing_n may_v be_v liken_v to_o a_o yoke_n crescent-wise_a or_o convexed_a in_o the_o midst_n for_o have_v propose_v that_o the_o gaul_n and_o spaniard_n shall_v first_o engage_v the_o african_n be_v post_v at_o hand_n so_o as_o to_o fortify_v and_o sustain_v they_o his_o african_n be_v arm_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n be_v well_o furnish_v for_o that_o service_n out_o of_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o former_a battle_n the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a buckler_n be_v of_o one_o sort_n but_o their_o sword_n be_v not_o alike_o the_o spaniard_n wear_v sword_n short_a stiff_a and_o point_v fit_a both_o for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v but_o the_o gaul_n be_v only_o for_o cutting-stroke_n in_o a_o word_n it_o be_v a_o surprise_a sight_n to_o behold_v they_o for_o the_o gaul_n be_v strip_v naked_a from_o the_o waste_n upward_o and_o the_o spaniard_n clad_v in_o white_a linen-cassock_n border_v with_o purple_a after_o the_o fashion_n of_o their_o country_n in_o hannibal_n army_n there_o be_v ten_o thousand_o horse_n but_o the_o foot_n take_v in_o the_o auxiliary_n and_o all_o do_v not_o exceed_v forty_o thousand_o in_o the_o roman_a battle_n aemilius_n be_v post_v in_o the_o right_n terentius_n in_o the_o left_a and_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n marcus_n attilius_n and_o cn._n servilius_n lead_v the_o body_n on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n asdrubal_n be_v post_v on_o the_o right_a wing_n hanno_n on_o the_o left_a and_o hannibal_n lead_v the_o body_n accompany_v by_o his_o brother_n mago_n the_o roman_a army_n face_v towards_o the_o south_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n consequent_o towards_o the_o north_n so_o that_o the_o rise_a sun_n molest_v neither_o the_o forlorn_a or_o advance_v party_n begin_v the_o day_n and_o these_o light-armed_a troop_n contend_v for_o a_o while_n with_o equal_a courage_n and_o success_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o spanish_a and_o gaulish_a horse_n on_o the_o left_a wing_n advance_v against_o the_o roman_n the_o battle_n grow_v hot_a and_o bloody_a for_o they_o fight_v not_o now_o as_o have_v be_v the_o custom_n in_o other_o battle_n by_o charge_v and_o wheel_v off_o and_o then_o return_v to_o the_o charge_n but_o here_o when_o once_o they_o come_v to_o join_v the_o horseman_n mingle_v and_o often_o disengage_v from_o their_o horse_n fight_v it_o out_o man_n to_o man_n on_o foot_n but_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n in_o the_o end_n prevail_v kill_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o place_n though_o their_o behaviour_n be_v without_o blame_n those_o who_o endeavour_v to_o escape_v take_v along_o the_o river_n but_o be_v most_o of_o they_o cut_v off_o asdrubal_n give_v no_o quarter_n and_o now_o the_o cohort_n take_v place_n of_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n it_o be_v there_o likewise_o hot_o dispute_v for_o a_o space_n but_o the_o spaniard_n and_o gaul_n who_o do_v not_o present_o lose_v their_o order_n be_v at_o length_n break_v and_o force_v to_o give_v ground_n to_o the_o superior_a number_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o retreat_v back_o the_o crescent_a or_o convex_a part_n of_o the_o figure_n which_o be_v form_v by_o this_o body_n of_o man_n and_o who_o first_o engage_v sink_v back_o into_o the_o void_a space_n in_o the_o rear_n the_o roman_a cohort_n eager_o pursue_v the_o advantage_n easy_o pierce_v the_o body_n of_o the_o enemy_n battle_n which_o be_v but_o weak_a and_o compose_v only_o of_o gaul_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o battalion_n stand_v in_o close_a order_n â—â—at_o have_v be_v draw_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n during_o the_o fight_n from_o the_o right_n and_o left_a wing_n where_o all_o the_o danger_n be_v in_o short_a the_o roman_n thus_o press_v the_o enemy_n who_o open_v to_o the_o right_n and_o left_a to_o give_v they_o passage_n advance_v so_o far_o into_o the_o void_a space_n that_o they_o have_v now_o the_o african_a foot_n who_o bear_v weighty_a armour_n on_o their_o flank_n both_o way_n who_o move_v from_o the_o right_n and_o left_a wing_n inward_o charge_v the_o roman_n on_o both_o their_o flank_n at_o once_o each_o act_n as_o the_o present_a occasion_n advise_v in_o short_a every_o thing_n come_v to_o pass_v as_o hannibal_n have_v skilful_o devise_v for_o the_o roman_n pursue_v the_o gaul_n who_o he_o well_o know_v be_v not_o their_o match_n become_v at_o length_n encompass_v by_o the_o african_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v so_o enclose_v that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v in_o a_o body_n but_o as_o it_o be_v man_z to_z man_n or_o by_o small_a party_n against_o strong_a body_n that_o press_v they_o from_o all_o part_n and_o now_o forasmuch_o as_o aemilius_n who_o be_v post_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o have_v his_o share_n in_o the_o conflict_n with_o asdrubal_n and_o the_o horse_n yet_o be_v hitherto_o unhurt_a and_o willing_a to_o equal_v his_o action_n with_o his_o word_n by_o which_o he_o have_v encourage_v the_o army_n see_v that_o all_o the_o hope_n they_o have_v leave_v be_v in_o their_o foot_n he_o charge_v through_o the_o enemy_n battle_n kill_v and_o force_v all_o that_o stand_v in_o his_o way_n where_o he_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o encourage_v his_o people_n hannibal_n act_v the_o same_o part_n in_o the_o same_o post_n have_v from_o the_o beginning_n conduct_v that_o part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o person_n as_o to_o the_o numidian_n who_o fight_v in_o the_o right_n wing_n against_o varro_n and_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v post_v in_o the_o left_a wing_n of_o the_o roman_n neither_o they_o nor_o the_o other_o act_v any_o thing_n memorable_a on_o that_o side_n save_v that_o the_o numidian_n so_o amuse_v the_o roman_n by_o beat_v about_o they_o now_o offer_v to_o charge_n in_o one_o place_n now_o in_o another_o that_o they_o be_v thereby_o prevent_v from_o succour_v those_o that_o be_v elsewhere_o distress_a but_o now_o that_o asdrubal_n have_v complete_v his_o victory_n and_o destroy_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o horse_n who_o he_o have_v follow_v along_o the_o river_n and_o be_v return_v to_o reinforce_v the_o numidian_n then_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o roman_a ally_n behold_v their_o danger_n turn_v their_o back_n it_o be_v say_v that_o asdrubal_n in_o this_o occasion_n perform_v a_o artful_a and_o prudent_a part_n who_o well_o know_v that_o the_o numidian_n be_v singular_a at_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o sly_a enemy_n he_o therefore_o order_v they_o to_o follow_v hard_o after_o the_o run_a roman_n while_o he_o head_v a_o body_n of_o foot_n advance_v to_o reinforce_v the_o african_n and_o come_v in_o fall_v on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o roman_n battle_n and_o charge_v they_o likewise_o elsewhere_o with_o certain_a squadron_n of_o horse_n which_o great_o hearten_v the_o african_n and_o as_o much_o terrify_v the_o roman_n l._n aemilius_n have_v receive_v many_o wound_n die_v in_o the_o battle_n after_o he_o
the_o enemy_n camp_n with_o two_o man_n only_o in_o his_o company_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o know_v he_o by_o his_o face_n it_o be_v not_o yet_o day_n nor_o by_o his_o habit_n for_o that_o the_o army_n consist_v of_o great_a diversity_n of_o garb_n he_o have_v before_o observe_v where_o the_o king_n tent_n stand_v for_o that_o they_o have_v frequent_o pickeer_v near_o that_o place_n approach_v undiscovered_a and_o enter_v the_o tent_n where_o the_o king_n use_v to_o eat_v and_o give_v audience_n he_o search_v everywhere_o for_o he_o but_o find_v he_o not_o ptolemy_n it_o seem_v have_v lie_v that_o night_n elsewhere_o wherefore_o wound_v only_o two_o person_n and_o kill_v androeas_n the_o king_n physician_n he_o retire_v in_o safety_n have_v execute_v his_o design_n if_o we_o right_o weigh_v the_o hazard_n but_o fail_v only_o through_o want_n of_o information_n where_o the_o king_n be_v lodge_v after_o these_o two_o prince_n have_v remain_v five_o day_n thus_o near_o each_o other_o they_o agree_v to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v out_o and_o soon_o after_o antiochus_n appear_v in_o battle_n their_o body_n be_v compose_v of_o their_o phalanx_n and_o choose_a troop_n arm_v after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n who_o be_v oppose_v one_o to_o another_o their_o wing_n be_v thus_o order_v in_o ptolomy_n polycrates_n command_v the_o left_a with_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v under_o his_o command_n and_o betwixt_o these_o and_o the_o phalanx_n first_o march_v the_o candiot_n next_o to_o the_o horse_n these_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o regiment_n of_o guard_n call_v agema_n after_o these_o march_v the_o bucklerman_n lead_v by_o socrates_n then_o the_o libyan_n arm_v like_o macedonian_n the_o right_n be_v lead_v by_o echecrates_n the_o thessalian_a with_o the_o horse_n who_o be_v under_o his_o command_n on_o the_o leave_v next_o echecrates_n march_v the_o gaul_n and_o thracian_n then_o phoxidas_n with_o his_o greek_a mercenary_n after_o these_o march_v the_o egyptian_a phalanx_n they_o place_v forty_o elephant_n to_o cover_v the_o left-wing_n where_o the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v and_o the_o other_o thirty_o three_o stand_v on_o the_o right_a to_o cover_v the_o mercenary_a horse_n antiochus_n thus_o order_v his_o battle_n on_o his_o right_n he_o place_v sixty_o elephant_n to_o cover_v the_o extremity_n of_o that_o wing_n where_o he_o himself_o propose_v to_o stand_v oppose_v to_o ptolemy_n give_v the_o conduct_n to_o philip_n his_o foster-brother_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o be_v post_v two_o thousand_o horse_n lead_v by_o antipater_n next_o these_o be_v the_o like_a number_n draw_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o tenaile_n after_o the_o horse_n stand_v the_o candiot_n in_o front_n then_o the_o greek_a mercenary_n betwixt_o these_o stand_v the_o five_o thousand_o man_n that_o be_v arm_v like_o macedonian_n under_o the_o command_n of_o byttacus_n the_o macedonian_a his_o left-wing_n consist_v of_o two_o thousand_o horse_n lead_v by_o themison_n after_o these_o be_v the_o cardace_n the_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o next_o those_o three_o thousand_o light-armed_a who_o be_v under_o menedemus_n the_o cyssians_n mede_n and_o caramanian_o follow_v and_o to_o these_o succeed_v the_o arab_n and_o their_o neighbour-people_n which_o close_v up_o to_o the_o phalanx_n the_o right-point_n of_o the_o battle_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o elephant_n which_o be_v conduct_v by_o myiscus_n who_o have_v be_v the_o king_n page_n in_o this_o order_n of_o battle_n be_v the_o two_o army_n draw_v up_o while_o the_o two_o king_n attend_v by_o their_o officer_n and_o favourite_n go_v from_o rank_a to_o rank_a to_o animate_v their_o troop_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o have_v place_v their_o great_a confidence_n in_o their_o phalanx_n which_o may_v be_v call_v legionary_n to_o these_o therefore_o they_o be_v more_o earnest_a in_o their_o exhortation_n wherein_o sosibius_n and_o arsinoe_n second_v ptolemy_n and_o theodotus_n and_o nicarchus_n antiochus_n who_o be_v chief_n of_o the_o legionary_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o army_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o the_o speech_n of_o these_o two_o prince_n be_v near_o the_o same_o whereby_o to_o encourage_v their_o troop_n neither_o be_v furnish_v with_o strong_a reason_n than_o the_o other_o for_o they_o be_v but_o young_a king_n and_o have_v never_o yet_o do_v any_o thing_n very_o memorable_a out_o of_o which_o to_o collect_v matter_n for_o their_o exhortation_n wherefore_o they_o labour_v to_o hearten_v they_o to_o the_o battle_n by_o lay_v before_o they_o the_o prize_n of_o glory_n that_o be_v to_o be_v win_v and_o the_o reputation_n of_o their_o ancestor_n and_o above_o all_o make_v large_a promise_n of_o reward_n to_o the_o officer_n in_o particular_a and_o the_o soldier_n in_o general_a to_o oblige_v they_o to_o their_o best_a performance_n in_o that_o occasion_n thus_o than_o the_o two_o king_n animate_v their_o army_n partly_o by_o themselves_o and_o partly_o by_o their_o interpreter_n as_o soon_o as_o ptolemy_n and_o his_o sister_n arsinoe_n be_v come_v to_o the_o left-wing_n and_o antiochus_n to_o the_o right_n of_o their_o two_o army_n attend_v by_o their_o guard_n they_o sound_v to_o the_o charge_n and_o the_o battle_n begin_v with_o their_o elephant_n some_o of_o those_o beast_n on_o ptolomy_n part_n come_v at_o first_o bold_o on_o to_o the_o attack_z and_o the_o man_n who_o fight_v from_o the_o turret_n behave_v themselves_o well_o fight_v from_o thence_o with_o their_o pike_n but_o the_o shock_n between_o the_o elephant_n themselves_o be_v more_o remarkable_a those_o animal_n attempt_v one_o the_o other_o with_o a_o impetuosity_n hardly_o to_o be_v represent_v for_o they_o fight_v after_o this_o manner_n they_o first_o make_v proof_n of_o their_o strength_n by_o engage_v with_o their_o tooth_n and_o with_o a_o firm_a foot_n keep_v their_o ground_n press_v one_o against_o another_o with_o their_o utmost_a strength_n till_o by_o this_o contention_n one_o of_o they_o prevail_v and_o compel_v the_o other_o to_o yield_v ground_n to_o his_o superior_a strength_n whereby_o the_o trunk_n be_v turn_v aside_o he_o be_v force_v by_o endeavour_v to_o disengage_v himself_o to_o expose_v his_o side_n and_o flank_n to_o his_o enemy_n who_o fail_v not_o to_o hit_v he_o there_o gore_v he_o with_o his_o tooth_n as_o bull_n do_v with_o their_o horn_n but_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o ptolomy_n elephant_n for_o the_o most_o part_n want_v courage_n to_o stand_v the_o shock_n and_o as_o the_o elephant_n of_o libya_n who_o can_v neither_o endure_v the_o smell_n nor_o bray_n of_o those_o of_o india_n so_o these_o fright_v at_o the_o strength_n and_o size_n of_o the_o other_o turn_v their_o back_n before_o they_o come_v near_o they_o put_v ptolomy_n regiment_n of_o guard_n into_o disorder_n who_o be_v draw_v up_o behind_o they_o upon_o who_o they_o fall_v in_o the_o interim_n antiochus_n lead_v about_o his_o battalion_n of_o guard_n and_o get_v before_o the_o elephant_n charge_v polycrates_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o mercenary_a greek_n who_o be_v post_v near_o the_o phalanx_n advance_v against_o ptolomy_n bucklerman_n who_o order_n have_v be_v already_o break_v by_o the_o elephant_n the_o left-wing_n of_o ptolomy_n army_n be_v by_o this_o mean_v worsted_n turn_v their_o back_n and_o betake_v they_o to_o flight_n but_o echecrates_n who_o command_v in_o the_o right_n and_o stand_v wait_v to_o see_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o dispute_n between_o the_o two_o point_n whereof_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v observe_v a_o thick_a cloud_n of_o dust_n drive_v towards_o he_o and_o perceive_v their_o elephant_n will_v do_v nothing_o command_v phoxidas_n who_o lead_v the_o greek_a mercenary_n to_o advance_v and_o charge_v those_o that_o be_v oppose_v to_o he_o while_o he_o lead_v the_o horse_n about_o and_o charge_v those_o that_o be_v post_v behind_o the_o elephant_n and_o be_v cover_v by_o those_o animal_n whereupon_o attacking_z the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o flank_n and_o rear_n they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n nor_o be_v phoxidas_n and_o those_o with_o he_o less_o fortunate_a who_o fall_v on_o the_o mede_n and_o arab_n have_v the_o like_a success_n thus_o the_o right-wing_n of_o antiochus_n beat_v and_o the_o left_a be_v beat_v and_o now_o albeit_o the_o phalanx_n on_o either_o side_n be_v deprive_v of_o their_o point_n they_o remain_v however_o entire_a and_o hold_v their_o order_n attend_v betwixt_o hope_n and_o fear_v the_o event_n antiochus_n we_o observe_v where_o he_o fight_v on_o the_o right_n have_v the_o better_a but_o ptolemy_n retire_v into_o the_o phalanx_n and_o appear_v in_o view_n of_o both_o the_o army_n much_o discourage_v the_o enemy_n and_o give_v new_a heart_n to_o his_o own_o people_n to_o prosecute_v the_o battle_n insomuch_o that_o andromachus_n and_o
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retreat_n at_o hand_n they_o have_v be_v entire_o ruin_v thus_o have_v we_o relate_v the_o story_n of_o this_o battle_n which_o be_v fight_v near_o caphya_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o megalopolitan_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o aetolian_n be_v encamp_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o methydrium_n they_o draw_v their_o whole_a force_n together_o and_o march_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o they_o arrive_v not_o till_o the_o day_n after_o the_o battle_n and_o their_o come_n prove_v of_o no_o other_o use_n than_o to_o take_v care_n of_o bury_v the_o dead_a body_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o expect_v to_o have_v join_v and_o hope_v to_o have_v relieve_v so_o that_o dig_v a_o great_a ditch_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o caphyan_n they_o there_o bury_v the_o dead_a perform_v the_o obsequy_n of_o those_o unfortunate_a man_n with_o great_a honour_n and_o solemnity_n and_o now_o the_o aetolian_n have_v obtain_v a_o victory_n so_o contrary_a to_o their_o hope_n by_o the_o single_a service_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o light-armed_a soldier_n take_v their_o march_n thereupon_o without_o fear_n or_o danger_n quite_o cross_a the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o make_v a_o attempt_n on_o pellene_n and_o harrass_v the_o territory_n of_o sicyon_n they_o take_v their_o way_n by_o the_o isthmus_n these_o matter_n than_o which_o we_o have_v now_o relate_v be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o confederate_a war_n and_o the_o decree_n that_o be_v conceive_v thereupon_o and_o confirm_v in_o a_o general_a assembly_n of_o the_o ally_n at_o corinth_n where_o king_n philip_n who_o procure_v the_o same_o and_o be_v present_a be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o say_v war._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o achaian_n soon_o after_o this_o defeat_n call_v a_o assembly_n where_o aratus_n be_v severe_o prosecute_v with_o complaint_n on_o all_o hand_n as_o have_v be_v manifest_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n they_o have_v sustain_v and_o by_o how_o much_o his_o enemy_n press_v he_o with_o accusation_n and_o with_o strong_a reason_n lay_v open_v his_o mismanagement_n by_o so_o much_o do_v the_o hatred_n and_o indignation_n of_o the_o people_n increase_v against_o he_o first_o there_o be_v no_o dispute_n but_o that_o aratus_n have_v great_o err_v in_o have_v as_o one_o may_v say_v usurp_v the_o magistracy_n by_o take_v it_o upon_o he_o before_o he_o be_v regular_o elect_v into_o his_o charge_n and_o he_o can_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o what_o he_o have_v enterprise_v thereupon_o have_v very_o ill_o succeed_v furthermore_o they_o blame_v he_o for_o that_o see_v the_o aetolian_n yet_o in_o the_o heart_n of_o peloponnesus_n he_o have_v be_v prevail_v with_o to_o dismiss_v the_o achaean_n troop_n notwithstanding_o he_o have_v be_v before_o well_o assure_v that_o scopas_n and_o dorimachus_n be_v sirm_o determine_v to_o embroil_v their_o affair_n and_o to_o do_v all_o they_o can_v to_o engage_v they_o in_o a_o war._n the_o three_o article_n against_o he_o be_v his_o adventure_n to_o engage_v with_o so_o few_o troop_n when_o he_o may_v with_o ease_n have_v make_v a_o good_a retreat_n to_o the_o neighbour_a town_n where_o he_o may_v at_o leisure_n have_v reinforce_v his_o army_n and_o then_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n if_o he_o have_v see_v cause_n the_o last_o and_o heavy_a charge_n against_o he_o be_v that_o after_o he_o have_v resolve_v to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n he_o do_v not_o make_v one_o soldier-like_a step_n in_o the_o whole_a conduct_n of_o the_o action_n for_o it_o have_v be_v in_o his_o choice_n to_o have_v seek_v on_o plain_a ground_n which_o will_v have_v be_v much_o to_o his_o advantage_n for_o there_o the_o heavy-armed_a troop_n can_v have_v engage_v from_o who_o service_n he_o can_v hardly_o have_v sail_v of_o success_n while_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o
afterward_o king_n of_o syracuse_n he_o be_v then_o indeed_o but_o young_a howbeit_o nature_n have_v give_v he_o all_o the_o good_a quality_n to_o be_v wish_v in_o a_o prince_n he_o be_v no_o soon_o advance_v to_o this_o power_n but_o by_o the_o secret_a practice_n and_o address_v of_o some_o of_o his_o friend_n he_o get_v possession_n of_o the_o city_n where_o he_o soon_o suppress_v those_o of_o the_o contrary_a faction_n but_o proceed_v in_o all_o thing_n with_o so_o much_o gentleness_n and_o humanity_n that_o though_o the_o syracusian_n will_v not_o approve_v the_o election_n make_v by_o the_o army_n he_o be_v nevertheless_o receive_v as_o praetor_n without_o the_o least_o contest_v from_o the_o very_a beginning_n by_o the_o manner_n of_o his_o administration_n of_o that_o authority_n it_o plain_o appear_v to_o those_o who_o can_v best_o discern_v that_o he_o be_v bear_v to_o something_o yet_o great_a than_o the_o praetorship_n for_o have_v right_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o 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form_v a_o pretence_n of_o a_o expedition_n against_o the_o barbarian_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o messina_n and_o have_v march_v out_o his_o force_n he_o encamp_v near_o centuripa_n in_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n where_o draw_v up_o to_o engage_v they_o not_o far_o from_o the_o river_n cyamosoros_n he_o so_o order_v his_o battle_n that_o keep_v his_o own_o horse_n and_o foot_n near_o himself_o with_o show_n of_o attacking_z the_o enemy_n elsewhere_o he_o by_o that_o mean_v design_o expose_v the_o mercenary_n to_o the_o entire_a shock_n of_o the_o mamertine_n where_o they_o be_v all_o cut_v off_o and_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_v in_o the_o execution_n withdraw_v his_o own_o people_n in_o safety_n to_o syracuse_n by_o this_o artifice_n he_o punish_v his_o mercenary_n and_o get_v rid_v of_o the_o disorderly_a and_o seditious_a part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o brief_a have_v form_v a_o army_n to_o his_o own_o mind_n he_o govern_v and_o preserve_v his_o authority_n in_o great_a peace_n and_o security_n and_o observe_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v grow_v inrolent_a by_o their_o late_a success_n and_o that_o they_o make_v inroad_n and_o spoil_v the_o neighbour_a country_n he_o march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n with_o his_o new_a army_n which_o he_o have_v now_o well_o discipline_v and_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o plain_n of_o mylaeus_n near_o the_o river_n longanus_n he_o obtain_v a_o entire_a victory_n rout_v their_o army_n and_o take_v their_o principal_a officer_n prisoner_n by_o which_o success_n they_o be_v so_o humble_v that_o they_o lose_v all_o courage_n for_o the_o future_a have_v perform_v these_o thing_n against_o the_o barbarian_n he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n to_o syracuse_n where_o he_o be_v proclaim_v king_n by_o the_o soldier_n as_o to_o the_o mamertine_n they_o be_v now_o deprive_v of_o their_o wont_a succour_n from_o rhegium_n and_o their_o own_o strength_n be_v great_o diminish_v by_o their_o late_a loss_n one_o party_n apply_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o deliver_v the_o citadel_n into_o their_o hand_n another_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n pray_v their_o assistance_n and_o offer_v they_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o city_n implore_v their_o protection_n on_o the_o account_n of_o their_o alliance_n and_o common_a original_a the_o roman_n be_v long_o debate_v what_o to_o determine_v herein_o nor_o indeed_o can_v they_o honest_o resolve_v to_o assist_v they_o it_o be_v apparent_a how_o great_a a_o blemish_n it_o will_v be_v to_o their_o honour_n who_o while_o they_o animadvert_v on_o the_o treachery_n of_o their_o own_o citizen_n at_o rhegium_n shall_v be_v find_v abet_v and_o support_v the_o mamertine_n eminent_o guilty_a of_o the_o like_a crime_n but_o they_o see_v too_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v not_o only_o subdue_v africa_n but_o have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o many_o place_n in_o spain_n and_o that_o sardinia_n and_o all_o the_o adjacent_a island_n on_o the_o coast_n of_o italy_n be_v already_o in_o their_o possession_n these_o reflection_n be_v weigh_v with_o apprehension_n enough_o for_o the_o roman_n already_o look_v on_o the_o carthaginian_a neighbourhood_n with_o a_o eye_n of_o jealousy_n be_v as_o it_o be_v now_o surround_v by_o they_o and_o know_v that_o they_o have_v design_n on_o italy_n itself_o they_o foresee_v how_o formidable_a they_o will_v grow_v by_o the_o accession_n of_o all_o sicily_n to_o their_o state_n and_o perceive_v too_o that_o this_o island_n unless_o they_o interpose_v to_o prevent_v it_o by_o assist_v the_o mamertine_n will_v certain_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n for_o messina_n will_v soon_o be_v they_o and_o syracuse_n will_v not_o then_o be_v long_o able_a to_o withstand_v they_o the_o territory_n of_o which_o two_o place_n contain_v a_o principal_a part_n of_o the_o island_n all_o this_o they_o clear_o understand_v and_o know_v it_o will_v not_o be_v fafe_a for_o they_o to_o abandon_v those_o of_o messina_n and_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o be_v master_n of_o a_o post_n that_o may_v prove_v as_o it_o be_v a_o bridge_n to_o conduct_v they_o into_o italy_n these_o point_n be_v long_o and_o solemn_o debate_v and_o yet_o the_o senate_n can_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o determine_v without_o mighty_a difficulty_n foresee_v that_o the_o reproach_n in_o assist_v the_o mamertine_n will_v be_v great_a than_o the_o benefit_n but_o the_o people_n who_o have_v be_v great_o impoverish_v by_o their_o late_a war_n and_o each_o man_n propound_v to_o himself_o some_o way_n or_o other_o to_o repair_v his_o own_o particular_a damage_n decree_v to_o carry_v on_o the_o enterprise_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o those_o who_o be_v to_o have_v command_n of_o the_o army_n manifest_v how_o profitable_a a_o undertake_n it_o will_v be_v both_o for_o the_o state_n in_o general_n and_o each_o man_n in_o particular_a the_o decree_n therefore_o pass_v and_o be_v confirm_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o the_o people_n and_o appius_n claudius_n one_o of_o the_o consul_n be_v order_v to_o conduct_v a_o army_n forthwith_o into_o sicily_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o messina_n to_o he_o the_o mamertine_n deliver_v up_o the_o city_n after_o either_o by_o art_n or_o force_n they_o have_v get_v rid_v of_o the_o carthaginian_a officer_n who_o command_v in_o the_o citadel_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n suspect_v treachery_n or_o cowardice_n order_v the_o say_a governor_n to_o be_v crucify_a at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o direct_v their_o fleet_n to_o make_v towards_o pelorus_n and_o encamp_v with_o their_o land-army_n near_o a_o town_n call_v senes_fw-la and_o besiege_v messina_n with_o all_o their_o force_n hieron_n conceive_v he_o see_v now_o a_o fair_a prospect_n of_o exterminate_v the_o barbarian_n possessor_n of_o messina_n out_o of_o sicily_n enter_v into_o a_o confederacy_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o forthwith_o march_v with_o a_o army_n from_o syracuse_n towards_o messina_n and_o encamp_v along_o the_o mountain_n chalcidicus_n to_o 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and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n into_o their_o camp_n and_o so_o appius_n return_v victorious_a into_o messina_n load_v with_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o hieron_n who_o perceive_v he_o have_v make_v a_o wrong_a judgement_n touch_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o war_n march_v away_o immediate_o towards_o syracuse_n claudius_n receive_v next_o morning_n intelligence_n of_o his_o retreat_n and_o be_v now_o full_a of_o assurance_n by_o his_o late_a success_n resolve_v to_o lose_v no_o time_n but_o forthwith_o to_o attack_v likewise_o the_o carthaginian_n pursuant_n to_o which_o resolution_n he_o order_v his_o army_n to_o take_v their_o repast_n betimes_o and_o to_o be_v under_o their_o arm_n early_o than_o ordinary_a and_o sally_v out_o by_o break_v of_o day_n he_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o rout_v they_o with_o great_a slaughter_n those_o who_o escape_v be_v break_a and_o scatter_v secure_v themselves_o in_o the_o neighbour_a to_n having_n obtain_v these_o victory_n and_o raise_v the_o siege_n from_o before_o messina_n he_o begin_v now_o to_o make_v inroad_n here_o and_o there_o upon_o the_o neighbour_a country_n and_o proceed_v without_o impediment_n to_o plunder_v as_o far_o as_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o syracusian_n and_o their_o confederate_n whither_o at_o length-he_a march_v with_o his_o army_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o syracuse_n thus_o have_v i_o relate_v the_o motive_n and_o give_v the_o history_n of_o the_o roman_n first_o expidition_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o we_o have_v judge_v and_o choose_v this_o conjuncture_n as_o the_o most_o proper_a and_o sure_a basis_n whereon_o to_o superstruct_v our_o whole_a design_n we_o have_v therefore_o conclude_v that_o we_o can_v better_o prepare_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o reader_n for_o what_o follow_v than_o by_o set_v out_o from_o hence_o though_o we_o have_v look_v yet_o a_o little_a far_o back_o the_o better_a to_o open_v and_o explain_v the_o reason_n of_o thing_n to_o the_o end_n there_o may_v not_o remain_v the_o least_o doubt_n for_o in_o my_o judgement_n whosoever_o will_v attain_v a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o present_a greatness_n of_o the_o roman_a state_n shall_v first_o be_v inform_v when_o and_o how_o fortune_n begin_v to_o espouse_v their_o cause_n for_o they_o have_v once_o lose_v their_o country_n and_o far_o to_o be_v well_o instruct_v in_o the_o mean_n by_o which_o and_o the_o time_n when_o they_o have_v entire_o reduce_v italy_n under_o their_o dominion_n they_o begin_v to_o form_v design_n of_o their_o remote_a conquest_n it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v think_v strange_a if_o when_o we_o be_v to_o treat_v of_o great_a state_n and_o mighty_a people_n we_o shall_v labour_v to_o unfold_v the_o remote_a account_n of_o antiquity_n and_o draw_v our_o supply_n from_o as_o near_o the_o springhead_n as_o may_v be_v which_o be_v the_o course_n we_o have_v take_v that_o we_o may_v be_v sure_a to_o build_v on_o sound_n and_o unshaken_a principle_n so_o that_o whatsoever_o people_n shall_v be_v the_o subject_a of_o our_o story_n we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o show_v how_o and_o when_o they_o begin_v and_o the_o step_n that_o conduct_v they_o to_o that_o degree_n of_o power_n and_o greatness_n wherein_o we_o shall_v behold_v they_o and_o this_o be_v the_o method_n we_o have_v be_v already_o pursue_v touch_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o we_o will_v forbear_v far_a digression_n and_o proceed_v to_o our_o history_n after_o we_o have_v light_o touch_v on_o some_o preliminary_a matter_n and_o what_o fall_v in_o order_n principal_o to_o be_v note_v be_v the_o transaction_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n during_o their_o contention_n about_o sicily_n next_o will_v be_v the_o war_n in_o africa_n to_o which_o be_v annex_v the_o war_n the_o carthaginian_n wage_v in_o spain_n manage_v first_o by_o hamilcar_n and_o after_o he_o by_o asdrubal_n about_o which_o time_n the_o roman_n invade_v illiria_n and_o other_o remote_a country_n of_o europe_n then_o shall_v be_v handle_v the_o war_n they_o make_v on_o the_o gaul_n inhabit_v italy_n and_o in_o course_n we_o shall_v mention_v that_o in_o greece_n call_v the_o cleomenick_n war_n which_o give_v a_o period_n to_o our_o second_o book_n of_o these_o in_o order_n with_o some_o necessary_a remark_n for_o better_a light_n into_o our_o history_n for_o we_o have_v not_o conceive_v it_o necessary_a or_o in_o any_o manner_n profitable_a to_o be_v over_o particular_a in_o those_o thing_n it_o not_o be_v our_o purpose_n to_o write_v their_o history_n but_o so_o to_o touch_v they_o as_o may_v suffice_v the_o better_a to_o guide_v the_o reader_n into_o what_o we_o purpose_v to_o relate_v in_o a_o word_n it_o will_v be_v easy_o perceive_v by_o the_o thread_n of_o our_o discourse_n how_o necessary_a it_o be_v to_o make_v some_o recital_n of_o what_o other_o have_v say_v before_o so_o as_o to_o let_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o inquisitive_a by_o a_o easy_a passage_n to_o subsequent_a occurrence_n but_o above_o all_o it_o behoove_v we_o to_o be_v punctual_a in_o set_v down_o the_o revolution_n in_o sicily_n during_o the_o war_n there_o between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n than_o which_o for_o duration_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o example_n of_o the_o like_a in_o history_n nor_o of_o the_o provision_n that_o be_v make_v to_o prosecute_v it_o nor_o for_o the_o greatness_n of_o action_n or_o importance_n and_o hazard_n of_o enterprise_n number_n of_o battle_n and_o extraordinary_a adventure_n for_o in_o short_a those_o two_o state_n have_v live_v hitherto_o under_o a_o exact_a observance_n of_o their_o law_n their_o diicipline_n be_v pure_a and_o unshaken_a their_o wealth_n not_o burdensome_a and_o their_o strength_n equal_a whosoever_o therefore_o shall_v careful_o consider_v the_o form_n and_o power_n of_o those_o two_o state_n respective_o will_v be_v better_a able_a to_o collect_v matter_n whereby_o to_o make_v a_o just_a comparison_n by_o this_o war_n only_o than_o by_o any_o subsequent_a transaction_n whatsoever_o between_o they_o and_o now_o we_o have_v but_o one_o weighty_a impediment_n to_o stay_v the_o course_n of_o our_o history_n which_o be_v that_o philinus_n and_o fabius_n the_o historian_n who_o have_v the_o repute_n of_o excel_v all_o other_o in_o their_o exactness_n and_o fidelity_n in_o deliver_v this_o story_n have_v not_o nevertheless_o be_v so_o just_a in_o their_o relation_n as_o become_v they_o and_o yet_o when_o i_o consider_v their_o manner_n of_o life_n i_o can_v well_v tell-how_a to_o charge_v they_o with_o design_v falsehood_n i_o be_o therefore_o incline_v to_o think_v it_o have_v happen_v to_o they_o as_o it_o often_o do_v to_o lover_n philinus_n affection_n for_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v bribe_v his_o belief_n in_o favour_n of_o their_o great_a conduct_n wisdom_n and_o generosity_n in_o all_o their_o action_n and_o deliberation_n and_o pervert_v his_o judgement_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n touch_v the_o roman_n as_o to_o fabius_n he_o act_v the_o same_o part_n for_o his_o countryman_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v blame_v in_o the_o other_o deportment_n of_o his_o private_a life_n it_o be_v but_o just_a that_o a_o man_n of_o honour_n shall_v bear_v affection_n towards_o his_o country_n and_o his_o friend_n and_o that_o he_o show_v aversion_n to_o their_o enemy_n and_o love_n to_o their_o friend_n but_o when_o once_o a_o man_n have_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o character_n of_o a_o historian_n his_o affection_n be_v no_o more_o his_o own_o and_o he_o be_v to_o divest_v himself_o of_o every_o passion_n for_o how_o often_o fall_v it_o out_o to_o bâ—_n the_o duty_n of_o a_o writer_n to_o applaud_v the_o merit_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o blame_v the_o conduct_n of_o a_o friend_n when_o their_o fault_n and_o folly_n so_o require_v for_o as_o a_o horse_n that_o be_v become_v blind_a be_v render_v almost_o useless_a so_o history_n if_o truth_n be_v once_o want_v cease_v to_o be_v of_o any_o use_n or_o instruction_n we_o be_v therefore_o to_o make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o detect_v the_o error_n of_o a_o friend_n and_o to_o do_v right_a to_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o enemy_n nor_o must_v we_o scruple_n sometime_o to_o blame_v those_o who_o but_o now_o have_v as_o just_a a_o title_n to_o our_o applause_n it_o be_v impossible_a that_o such_o who_o have_v the_o authority_n and_o administration_n of_o public_a affair_n shall_v not_o sometime_o miscarry_v or_o that_o those_o who_o often_o err_v shall_v not_o be_v now_o and_o then_o in_o the_o right_n we_o be_v not_o therefore_o to_o weigh_v the_o rank_n or_o fortune_n of_o those_o who_o be_v in_o authority_n but_o to_o be_v careful_a that_o our_o write_n speak_v the_o truth_n of_o their_o action_n and_o that_o this_o be_v a_o just_a observation_n will_v appear_v by_o what_o follow_v philinus_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o second_o
book_n report_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o syracusian_n besiege_v messina_n and_o that_o the_o roman_n who_o cross_v the_o sea_n to_o their_o assistance_n make_v a_o sally_n out_o of_o the_o town_n but_o be_v repulse_v with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o their_o people_n that_o soon_o after_o they_o make_v a_o second_o sally_n upon_o the_o carthaginian_n when_o they_o be_v not_o only_o beat_v and_o force_v to_o retire_v but_o lose_v the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o army_n take_v prisoner_n by_o the_o enemy_n he_o likewise_o tell_v we_o that_o after_o this_o hieron_n be_v seize_v with_o a_o panic_n fear_n and_o so_o violent_a a_o apprehension_n of_o danger_n that_o he_o desert_v his_o camp_n by_o night_n and_o march_v away_o to_o syracuse_n not_o only_o set_v fire_n on_o his_o tent_n but_o withdraw_v his_o garrison_n from_o all_o such_o place_n as_o he_o hold_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o mamertine_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o like_a manner_n quit_v their_o camp_n soon_o after_o this_o defeat_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o disperse_v quarter_v themselves_o in_o the_o town_n round_o about_o without_o attempt_v to_o take_v the_o field_n or_o dare_v so_o much_o as_o to_o defend_v whatsoever_o they_o have_v without_o their_o work_n and_o that_o this_o consternation_n seize_v the_o carthaginian_a soldier_n dishearten_v their_o officer_n from_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o roman_n that_o the_o roman_n keep_v in_o their_o rear_n do_v not_o only_o spoil_v and_o pillage_v the_o country_n round_o about_o but_o lay_v siege_n even_o to_o syracuse_n these_o in_o my_o judgement_n be_v absurdity_n too_o gross_a to_o be_v examine_v for_o what_o be_v more_o inconsistent_a than_o to_o make_v those_o who_o but_o now_o besiege_v messina_n and_o be_v in_o all_o thing_n victorious_a to_o fly_v without_o any_o apparent_a cause_n and_o to_o consent_v to_o be_v themselves_o besiege_v and_o as_o to_o the_o other_o party_n which_o he_o tell_v we_o be_v besiege_v and_o vanquish_v he_o give_v they_o the_o laurel_n make_v they_o master_n of_o the_o field_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n and_o lead_v they_o at_o length_n to_o the_o siege_n of_o syracuse_n what_o consistency_n now_o can_v be_v find_v in_o this_o relation_n we_o must_v determine_v therefore_o that_o what_o he_o first_o deliver_v be_v false_a or_o the_o sequel_n can_v be_v true_a but_o the_o latter_a be_v true_a for_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o syracusian_n be_v beat_v and_o force_v within_o their_o work_n and_o syracuse_n and_o echetla_n be_v both_o at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n besiege_v by_o the_o roman_n as_o philinus_n confess_v the_o latter_a be_v a_o town_n on_o their_o frontier_n we_o can_v help_v conclude_v then_o that_o this_o his_o first_o account_n be_v untrue_a and_o the_o defeat_n he_o mention_n a_o falsehood_n of_o his_o own_o coin_n since_o he_o allow_v the_o roman_n to_o have_v remain_v superior_a to_o the_o enemy_n in_o those_o encounter_n before_o messina_n but_o in_o short_a we_o shall_v find_v both_o fabius_n and_o philinus_n to_o be_v the_o same_o man_n throughout_o as_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o observe_v in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o our_o story_n to_o which_o after_o this_o digression_n let_v we_o now_o return_n and_o with_o the_o best_a connexion_n we_o can_v labour_v brief_o and_o true_o to_o relate_v the_o adventure_n and_o issue_n of_o this_o war._n upon_o the_o news_n at_o rome_n of_o the_o success_n of_o appius_n and_o the_o legion_n in_o sicily_n m._n octacilius_n and_o m._n valerius_n be_v choose_v consul_n it_o be_v decree_v they_o shall_v both_o go_v with_o all_o the_o legion_n to_o prosecute_v that_o war._n the_o roman_n over_z and_o above_o the_o supply_v draw_v from_o their_o ally_n have_v at_o that_o time_n a_o stand_a force_n of_o four_o legion_n out_o of_o which_o they_o form_v their_o yearly_a levy_n each_o legion_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o consul_n most_o of_o the_o town_n and_o place_n that_o have_v submit_v to_o the_o syracusian_n and_o carthaginian_n give_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o roman_n insomuch_o that_o hieron_n observe_v the_o terror_n that_o be_v spread_v through_o the_o whole_a island_n on_o the_o one_o hand_n and_o on_o the_o other_o the_o bravery_n and_o number_n of_o the_o legionary_n begin_v to_o discern_v that_o the_o design_n and_o hope_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v found_v on_o better_a measure_n than_o those_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o after_o he_o have_v mature_o weigh_v he_o determine_v to_o endeavour_v to_o be_v reconcile_v to_o the_o roman_n according_o he_o dispatch_v ambassador_n to_o treat_v with_o the_o consul_n about_o a_o alliance_n who_o without_o difficulty_n embrace_v the_o overture_n to_o which_o they_o be_v the_o more_o willing_o dispose_v on_o account_n of_o the_o great_a difficulty_n they_o be_v under_o with_o their_o convoy_n be_v just_o apprehensive_a lest_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o be_v master_n at_o sea_n will_v be_v able_a total_o to_o debar_v they_o of_o all_o supply_n of_o provision_n and_o this_o jealousy_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o reasonable_a by_o how_o much_o their_o troop_n the_o last_o year_n be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n the_o roman_n then_o promise_v themselves_o good_a fruit_n of_o this_o alliance_n ready_o yield_v and_o frank_o embrace_v a_o friendship_n with_o hieron_n on_o condition_n that_o all_o the_o roman_a prisoner_n shall_v be_v release_v without_o ransom_n and_o that_o the_o king_n shall_v pay_v they_o down_o a_o hundred_o talent_n in_o silver_n on_o which_o stipulation_n the_o syracusian_n shall_v be_v hold_v as_o friend_n and_o confederate_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n thus_o hieron_n secure_v by_o this_o treaty_n continue_v ever_o after_o a_o firm_a and_o profitable_a friend_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o pass_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o day_n in_o a_o peaceful_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o very_o great_a esteem_n among_o the_o greek_n and_o in_o a_o word_n according_a to_o my_o opinion_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o eminent_a and_o illustrious_a prince_n that_o have_v ever_o hold_v that_o sceptre_n and_o few_o will_v be_v find_v to_o have_v reap_v a_o large_a share_n of_o felicity_n acquire_v by_o his_o own_o virtue_n whether_o we_o consider_v he_o in_o his_o domestic_a or_o public_a affair_n this_o treaty_n be_v send_v to_o rome_n and_o ratify_v by_o a_o ordinance_n of_o the_o people_n it_o be_v now_o think_v advisable_a to_o abate_v of_o the_o number_n of_o their_o troop_n in_o that_o service_n and_o to_o send_v only_o two_o legion_n make_v account_n that_o by_o this_o alliance_n they_o shall_v be_v ease_v of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o burden_n of_o the_o war_n and_o that_o their_o army_n through_o hieron_n friendship_n will_v now_o live_v in_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a as_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n they_o consider_v that_o 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soldier_n disperse_v in_o a_o disorderly_a manner_n make_v a_o sally_n upon_o they_o as_o they_o be_v then_o busy_a in_o their_o harvest_n and_o have_v scatter_v they_o one_o party_n attempt_v the_o pillage_n the_o camp_n and_o another_o attack_v their_o guard_n but_o here_o the_o excellency_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n be_v eminent_o see_v as_o it_o have_v appear_v on_o many_o occasion_n to_o their_o great_a honour_n and_o the_o benefit_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o as_o it_o be_v a_o most_o unpardonable_a fault_n to_o desert_n their_o post_n or_o abandon_v their_o corpse_n of_o guard_n those_o who_o have_v thus_o careless_o neglect_v their_o duty_n resolve_v to_o repair_v their_o fault_n by_o some_o remarkable_a behaviour_n according_o they_o rally_v and_o brave_o sustain_v the_o shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n though_o superior_a in_o number_n and_o albeit_o some_o of_o the_o roman_n fall_v the_o loss_n on_o the_o enemy_n side_n be_v much_o great_a in_o short_a they_o surround_v 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customary_a vigilance_n which_o be_v perceive_v by_o hannibal_n who_o now_o despair_v of_o safety_n in_o the_o town_n take_v this_o negligence_n of_o the_o roman_n as_o a_o invitation_n to_o he_o to_o attempt_v his_o escape_n he_o therefore_o about_o midnight_n with_o the_o foreign_a troop_n that_o be_v in_o the_o town_n take_v his_o march_n and_o fill_v the_o roman_a trench_n with_o faggot_n pass_v over_o their_o work_n and_o escape_v unhurt_a and_o unseen_a the_o roman_n who_o see_v not_o their_o error_n till_o the_o morning_n content_v themselves_o with_o a_o short_a pursuit_n attacking_z they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o town_n without_o resistance_n where_o they_o take_v many_o slave_n and_o a_o inestimable_a booty_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o riches_n there_o be_v great_a joy_n at_o rome_n on_o the_o news_n of_o the_o take_n of_o agrigentum_n every-body_n be_v please_v and_o each_o man_n courage_n and_o hope_n be_v raise_v and_o they_o resolve_v to_o prosecute_v the_o success_n of_o these_o their_o first_o enterprise_n they_o think_v it_o not_o now_o enough_o to_o have_v rescue_v messina_n and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o the_o war_n but_o elevate_v their_o purpose_n and_o expectation_n to_o the_o entire_a expel_v the_o carthaginian_n out_o of_o sicily_n and_o exalt_v the_o roman_a name_n and_o power_n for_o indeed_o that_o be_v the_o true_a mark_n towards_o which_o all_o their_o aim_n be_v level_v to_o proceed_v it_o be_v now_o evident_a that_o the_o roman_n be_v superior_a by_o land_n and_o that_o their_o hope_n be_v not_o ill_o ground_v that_o l._n valerius_n and_o l._n octacilius_n the_o new_a consul_n successor_n to_o those_o who_o take_v agrigentum_n will_v be_v able_a to_o go_v through_o with_o the_o conquest_n of_o sicily_n but_o still_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v master_n at_o sea_n and_o this_o regard_v preserve_v they_o yet_o in_o equal_a term_n and_o hope_n with_o their_o enemy_n it_o be_v
of_o the_o top_n about_o this_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o parapet_n knee_n high_a which_o be_v defend_v with_o upright_a bar_n of_o iron_n sharpen_v at_o the_o end_n towards_o the_o top_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o ring_n this_o machine_n resemble_v in_o some_o sort_n our_o fashion_a mill_n to_o be_v short_a it_o be_v sling_v by_o those_o ring_n which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o poultry_n be_v hoist_v and_o lower_v at_o pleasure_n and_o with_o this_o they_o attack_v the_o enemy_n vessel_n sometime_o on_o their_o bow_n and_o sometime_o on_o the_o broadside_n as_o occasion_n best_o serve_v so_o when_o ever_o they_o grapple_v the_o enemy_n with_o those_o engine_n if_o they_o happen_v to_o swing_n broadside_n to_o broadside_n than_o they_o enter_v from_o all_o part_n but_o in_o case_n they_o attack_v they_o on_o the_o bow_n they_o enter_v two_o and_o two_o by_o the_o help_n of_o this_o engine_n the_o foremost_a defend_v the_o forepart_n and_o those_o that_o follow_v the_o flank_n keep_v 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the_o army_n who_o seize_v on_o his_o person_n and_o crucified_a he_o and_o here_o in_o may_v be_v note_v that_o the_o roman_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v themselves_o master_n at_o sea_n form_v design_n likewise_o on_o sardinia_n the_o follow_a year_n produce_v little_a or_o nothing_o memorable_a in_o sicily_n but_o on_o the_o create_a their_o new_a consul_n aulus_n atilius_n and_o c._n sulpitius_n these_o on_o their_o arrival_n march_v with_o the_o army_n direct_o towards_o palermo_n which_o at_o that_o time_n be_v the_o carthaginian_n winter-quarter_n where_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v post_v themselves_o the_o conful_n draw_v out_o the_o army_n in_o battle_n but_o the_o enemy_n lie_v quiet_a within_o the_o town_n whereupon_o they_o march_v to_o hippona_n which_o they_o carry_v by_o assault_n they_o likewise_o take_v mytistratus_n a_o strong_a place_n which_o cost_v they_o time_n and_o trouble_v to_o reduce_v and_o formal_o besiege_v camarina_n and_o attack_v it_o by_o work_n 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all_o expedition_n according_o he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n come_v forthwith_o to_o carthage_n where_o be_v choose_v their_o three_o general_n he_o and_o asdrubal_n fall_v to_o consult_v about_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n and_o conclude_v that_o above_o all_o thing_n they_o ought_v to_o succour_n the_o province_n and_o not_o endure_v that_o the_o roman_n shall_v make_v their_o incursion_n and_o such_o spoil_n upon_o the_o country_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n m._n atilius_n regulus_n proceed_v and_o in_o a_o short_a space_n make_v a_o mighty_a progress_n all_o such_o town_n as_o he_o attack_v that_o have_v no_o wall_n he_o carry_v at_o the_o first_o assault_n and_o such_o as_o be_v fortify_v he_o besiege_a and_o come_v to_o adda_n which_o be_v a_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o wall_n and_o sit_v down_o before_o it_o but_o the_o carthaginian_n know_v the_o usefulness_n of_o that_o 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first_o determination_n not_o to_o move_v till_o the_o enemy_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n that_o run_v close_o by_o the_o town_n when_o in_o short_a after_o the_o elephant_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n have_v get_v over_o he_o order_v some_o of_o his_o light_n arm_v soldier_n to_o advance_v out_o against_o they_o to_o pickeer_v and_o draw_v they_o the_o more_o bold_o on_o and_o observe_v all_o thing_n to_o succeed_v as_o he_o have_v project_v he_o post_v a_o body_n of_o select_a and_o skilful_a soldier_n on_o the_o counterscarp_n of_o the_o town_n with_o order_n that_o if_o the_o elephant_n advance_v upon_o they_o to_o attack_v they_o with_o dart_n and_o missive_n weapon_n and_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v be_v press_v by_o those_o animal_n that_o they_o shall_v then_o retire_v into_o the_o ditch_n and_o from_o thence_o gall_n and_o molest_v they_o all_o they_o can_v he_o order_v the_o town_n people_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o furnish_v themselves_o with_o great_a quantity_n of_o 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to_o sicily_n with_o order_n speedy_o to_o succour_v and_o supply_v the_o camp_n at_o lilybaeum_n with_o provision_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o safe_a convoy_n whereof_o they_o appoint_v a_o squadron_n of_o sixty_o man_n of_o war._n junius_n have_v join_v the_o fleet_n at_o messina_n that_o have_v be_v rendezvous'd_v there_o by_o the_o army_n and_o diligence_n of_o the_o islander_n shape_v his_o course_n towards_o syracuse_n his_o fleet_n consist_v of_o one_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o ship_n of_o burden_n and_o eight_o hundred_o other_o vessel_n lade_v with_o provision_n and_o other_o store_n of_o war._n from_o thence_o he_o dispatce_v his_o questor_n with_o order_n to_o take_v care_n speedy_o to_o supply_v the_o legion_n with_o all_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n allot_v they_o for_o that_o service_n part_n of_o his_o ship_n of_o burden_n and_o some_o of_o his_o vessel_n of_o war_n while_o the_o consul_n himself_o remain_v at_o syracuse_n 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avenue_n that_o lie_v towards_o the_o sea_n whereby_o their_o provision_n be_v not_o obtain_v but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n and_o now_o albeit_o they_o attempt_v one_o another_o with_o all_o the_o art_n and_o address_n that_o be_v practise_v in_o sieges_n and_o attack_n after_o they_o have_v equal_o feel_v all_o sort_n of_o violence_n be_v pinch_v with_o extremity_n of_o famine_n and_o have_v experiment_a whatsoever_o hardship_n be_v do_v or_o suffer_v in_o the_o most_o calamitous_a adventure_n incident_a to_o a_o siege_n they_o may_v nevertheless_o be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v mutual_o crown_v with_o victory_n but_o not_o as_o it_o be_v represent_v by_o fabius_n who_o report_v they_o to_o have_v be_v vanquish_v by_o the_o misery_n they_o undergo_v but_o triumph_v over_o all_o that_o can_v be_v put_v in_o practice_n to_o subdue_v each_o other_o for_o before_o it_o can_v be_v see_v who_o be_v likely_a to_o have_v the_o better_a though_o it_o be_v a_o dispute_n on_o one_o single_a 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this_o he_o wise_o see_v to_o be_v his_o safe_a course_n as_o conduce_v to_o the_o better_a support_n of_o his_o power_n in_o sicily_n and_o the_o conservation_n of_o his_o alliance_n with_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n foresee_v that_o if_o carthage_n be_v not_o preserve_v in_o a_o state_n to_o give_v they_o jealousy_n it_o may_v be_v his_o lot_n one_o day_n to_o lie_v at_o their_o mercy_n without_o any_o prospect_n of_o redress_n herein_o i_o say_v hiero_n do_v without_o question_n proceed_v like_o a_o prudent_a prince_n it_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a safe_a to_o let_v a_o little_a mischief_n grow_v to_o a_o head_n but_o to_o prevent_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a the_o exorbitant_a increase_n of_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n power_n lest_o when_o it_o shall_v be_v too_o late_a you_o find_v it_o past_o your_o ability_n to_o withstand_v he_o when_o your_o own_o proper_a interest_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v contest_v on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o roman_n pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o 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africa_n but_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n elsewhere_o to_o speak_v more_o particular_o thereof_o and_o the_o benefit_n accrue_v thereby_o to_o both_o those_o country_n when_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v acquire_v so_o great_a a_o reputation_n in_o that_o country_n as_o to_o become_v formidable_a to_o the_o spaniard_n they_o resolve_v to_o attempt_v something_o likewise_o on_o that_o side_n and_o conclude_v that_o the_o growth_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a greatness_n be_v principal_o owe_v to_o their_o negligence_n who_o by_o a_o profound_a carelessness_n have_v as_o it_o be_v sleep_v away_o their_o jealousy_n they_o therefore_o determine_v to_o repair_v that_o error_n by_o their_o future_a care_n and_o vigilance_n they_o do_v not_o dare_v however_o for_o the_o present_a to_o exact_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o may_v appear_v hard_a and_o severe_a nor_o declare_v a_o war_n with_o they_o from_o the_o apprehension_n 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the_o cause_n afterward_o of_o civil_a dessention_n among_o they_o in_o short_a many_o of_o the_o gaul_n and_o principal_o the_o bojans_n who_o have_v most_o cause_n of_o fear_n as_o be_v near_a neighbour_n to_o the_o roman_n perceive_v now_o that_o their_o design_n be_v not_o so_o much_o for_o glory_n and_o empire_n as_o to_o subdue_v and_o entire_o exterminate_v their_o nation_n and_o possess_v their_o country_n ready_o enter_v into_o the_o league_n that_o be_v now_o form_v against_o the_o they_o the_o bojans_n and_o insubrian_o who_o be_v the_o two_o great_a people_n on_o that_o side_n pursuant_n to_o their_o design_n send_v ambassador_n by_o common_a consent_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o nation_n inhabit_v on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o alphonso_n about_o the_o rhine_n these_o people_n be_v call_v goesates_n from_o their_o serve_v in_o the_o war_n for_o pay_v for_o so_o that_o word_n proper_o import_v and_o prevail_v on_o their_o two_o king_n concolitanus_n and_o aneroestus_n by_o mean_n of_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n and_o by_o the_o hope_n they_o give_v they_o of_o rich_a booty_n that_o will_v be_v share_v by_o this_o enterprise_n if_o they_o succeed_v engage_v they_o to_o join_v in_o a_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n give_v they_o their_o faith_n to_o assist_v and_o abide_v firm_o by_o they_o but_o the_o goesates_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o be_v persuade_v and_o now_o far_o to_o incite_v they_o they_o reminded_a they_o of_o the_o glory_n of_o their_o ancestor_n who_o have_v not_o only_o vanquish_v the_o roman_n in_o battle_n upon_o the_o like_a expedition_n but_o subdue_v and_o become_v master_n of_o their_o city_n itself_o and_o that_o be_v lord_n of_o all_o the_o roman_n hold_v keep_v their_o city_n seven_o month_n in_o their_o possession_n and_o at_o length_n free_o and_o of_o their_o own_o mere_a motive_n restore_v it_o to_o that_o conquer_a people_n as_o a_o effect_n of_o their_o generosity_n and_o afterward_o return_v to_o their_o country_n enrich_v with_o infinite_a booty_n without_o any_o danger_n damage_n or_o impediment_n these_o discourse_n so_o animate_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o goesates_n and_o incite_v they_o so_o powerful_o to_o the_o war_n that_o it_o may_v be_v say_v so_o great_a a_o army_n never_o march_v out_o from_o among_o that_o nation_n nor_o brave_a and_o more_o warlike_a men._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n who_o be_v not_o without_o intelligence_n of_o what_o be_v agitate_a among_o the_o gaul_n see_v their_o danger_n and_o perceive_v it_o at_o hand_n and_o just_o fear_v the_o consequence_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o levy_n of_o troop_n and_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o war_n and_o march_v with_o their_o army_n to_o defend_v their_o frontier_n believe_v they_o already_o invade_v when_o the_o enemy_n have_v not_o yet_o move_v from_o their_o quarter_n these_o traverse_n
great_o avail_v the_o carthaginian_n in_o the_o prosecute_a their_o design_n in_o spain_n for_o as_o we_o have_v already_o observe_v the_o roman_n who_o be_v resolve_v to_o put_v first_o a_o period_n to_o their_o dispute_n with_o the_o gaul_n be_v constrain_v to_o yield_v to_o their_o fear_n of_o a_o enemy_n who_o they_o think_v now_o in_o their_o neighbourhood_n and_o to_o postpone_v their_o consideration_n of_o spain_n and_o their_o affair_n on_o that_o side_n till_o they_o shall_v have_v first_o compose_v and_o settle_v those_o at_o home_n and_o secure_v and_o establish_v the_o commonwealth_n against_o the_o danger_n that_o then_o threaten_v according_o the_o treaty_n be_v ratify_v which_o they_o make_v with_o asdrubal_n their_o thought_n be_v entire_o take_v up_o with_o the_o present_a enemy_n where_o it_o be_v agree_v by_o all_o that_o the_o safe_a course_n be_v to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o goesates_n have_v pass_v the_o alps_n with_o a_o magnificent_a army_n furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o arm_n come_v and_o join_v the_o cis-alpine_a gaul_n make_v their_o rendezvous_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o po._n the_o other_o gaul_n also_o come_v in_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o country_n that_o heretofore_o belong_v to_o the_o senones_n the_o insubrian_o likewise_o and_o bojans_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o same_o opinion_n of_o prosecute_a the_o war_n join_v they_o but_o the_o veneti_n and_o cenomani_n refuse_v to_o be_v of_o the_o confederacy_n to_o who_o the_o roman_n have_v send_v their_o ambassador_n prevail_v with_o they_o to_o prefer_v their_o alliance_n with_o they_o to_o that_o of_o the_o gaul_n so_o that_o the_o border_v prince_n of_o that_o people_n be_v force_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o leave_v part_n of_o their_o force_n to_o secure_v their_o frontier_n and_o with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n twenty_o thousand_o horse_n and_o as_o many_o chariot_n they_o begin_v their_o march_n towards_o tuscany_n the_o roman_n have_v now_o intelligence_n that_o the_o celtae_n have_v pass_v the_o alps_n dispatch_v with_o all_o expedition_n the_o consul_n l._n emilius_n with_o the_o legion_n to_o rimini_n there_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n if_o they_o shall_v chance_v to_o attack_v they_o on_o that_o side_n they_o likewise_o send_v one_o of_o their_o praetor_n towards_o tuscany_n for_o the_o other_o consul_n c._n atilius_n be_v go_v at_o that_o time_n to_o sardinia_n with_o part_n of_o their_o troop_n but_o do_v what_o they_o can_v their_o fear_n be_v great_a at_o rome_n where_o they_o have_v reason_n to_o conclude_v their_o city_n be_v in_o danger_n enough_o and_o indeed_o none_o will_v wonder_v at_o their_o doubt_n and_o apprehension_n who_o consider_v what_o reason_n they_o have_v to_o bear_v in_o mind_n the_o calamity_n they_o have_v heretofore_o sustain_v by_o the_o invasion_n of_o this_o enemy_n they_o draw_v together_o therefore_o their_o army_n and_o levy_v new_a force_n direct_v their_o ally_n to_o have_v their_o succour_n in_o a_o readiness_n and_o order_v muster-roll_n to_o be_v bring_v from_o all_o part_n to_o the_o senate_n of_o all_o the_o young_a man_n capable_a of_o serve_v to_o the_o end_v they_o may_v take_v a_o certain_a measure_n of_o their_o strength_n likewise_o they_o fill_v up_o their_o legion_n with_o choose_a man_n and_o order_v they_o forthwith_o to_o march_n furthermore_o they_o make_v so_o great_a provision_n of_o arm_n and_o all_o thing_n necessary_a for_o the_o war_n that_o there_o be_v no_o record_n of_o the_o like_a preparation_n in_o any_o age_n past_a in_o a_o word_n every_o one_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o prosecute_v and_o advance_v so_o necessary_a a_o work_n for_o the_o people_n of_o italy_n terrify_v at_o this_o approach_n of_o the_o gaul_n do_v not_o act_n at_o this_o time_n as_o mere_a ally_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o aid_v and_o further_o their_o design_n of_o dominion_n and_o glory_n but_o think_v of_o nothing_o now_o but_o of_o fight_v for_o their_o own_o proper_a safety_n their_o family_n and_o fortune_n so_o that_o they_o receive_v with_o cheerfulness_n the_o order_n that_o be_v send_v they_o from_o rome_n and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o make_v a_o estimate_n of_o the_o power_n and_o force_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n which_o hannibal_n short_o after_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o attempt_v and_o what_o a_o empire_n it_o be_v that_o he_o make_v the_o object_n of_o his_o ambition_n and_o wherein_o he_o succeed_v so_o far_o as_o to_o reduce_v the_o roman_n to_o the_o last_o gaspe_n and_o extremity_n of_o fortune_n let_v we_o i_o say_v make_v a_o computation_n of_o the_o provision_n they_o make_v towards_o this_o war_n whereby_o we_o shall_v perceive_v how_o far_o they_o have_v improve_v their_o force_n with_o the_o consul_n there_o march_v four_o legion_n in_o each_o legion_n be_v five_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n with_o they_o likewise_o march_v the_o succour_n of_o the_o ally_n amount_v together_o to_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n furthermore_o there_o join_v they_o of_o sabine_n and_o tuscan_n above_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o about_o four_o thousand_o horse_n these_o be_v all_o conduct_v to_o the_o frontier_n under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o praetor_n to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n there_o from_o the_o vmbrian_o and_o sarcinate_v who_o inhabitit_fw-la the_o appennines_n there_o come_v in_o to_o the_o number_n of_o twenty_o thousand_o the_o veneti_n and_o cenomanei_n send_v the_o entire_a number_n they_o be_v order_v to_o the_o utmost_a border_n of_o the_o gaul_n territory_n to_o make_v inroad_n on_o the_o country_n of_o the_o bojans_n and_o to_o force_v those_o who_o be_v already_o depart_v to_o retire_v yet_o far_o and_o keep_v they_o from_o join_v with_o the_o rest_n in_o this_o manner_n they_o have_v dispose_v their_o army_n on_o the_o frontier_n but_o at_o rome_n they_o keep_v a_o reserve_v of_o citizen_n always_o ready_a to_o move_v consist_v of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o fifteen_o hundred_o horse_n with_o a_o surplus_n of_o troop_n of_o their_o ally_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n in_o the_o general_a muster-roll_n that_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o senate_n be_v find_v fourscore_o thousand_o foot_n of_o the_o latin_n and_o five_o thousand_o horse_n of_o the_o samnite_n seventy_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seven_o thousand_o horse_n the_o japyges_n and_o messapyges_n who_o have_v likewise_o join_v with_o the_o roman_n send_v to_o their_o aid_n in_o this_o war_n fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o sixteen_o thousand_o horse_n the_o lucan_n supply_v they_o with_o thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n the_o marsian_o marrucians_n ferentines_n and_o vestine_n send_v twenty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o four_o thousand_o horse_n furthermore_o they_o have_v two_o legion_n in_o sicily_n and_o tarentum_n consist_v of_o four_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n each_o and_o over_o and_o above_o all_o these_o the_o ordinary_a people_n be_v muster_v in_o rome_n and_o campania_n amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o horse_n so_o that_o the_o troop_n which_o depend_v immediate_o on_o the_o senate_n and_o be_v destine_v to_o the_o guard_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o city_n amount_v to_o a_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n or_o thereabouts_o but_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o their_o srength_n consist_v in_o no_o less_o than_o seven_o hundred_o thousand_o foot_n and_o seventy_o thousand_o horse_n and_o though_o hannibal_n begin_v with_o a_o army_n of_o hardly_o twenty_o thousend_v man_n he_o have_v nevertheless_o the_o assurance_n to_o invade_v and_o march_v into_o italy_n against_o this_o stupendous_a force_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o this_o point_n will_v be_v better_o clear_v when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o those_o occurrence_n upon_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o gaul_n in_o tuscany_n they_o ravage_v and_o plunder_v the_o country_n without_o control_v and_o from_o thence_o determine_v to_o prosecute_v their_o design_n on_o rome_n and_o be_v now_o advance_v near_o clusium_n a_o town_n but_o three_o day_n march_v from_o the_o city_n when_o news_n come_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n that_o have_v be_v post_v on_o the_o frontier_n of_o tuscany_n be_v approach_v and_o be_v almost_o get_v up_o with_o their_o rear_n whereupon_o they_o face_v about_o and_o march_v to_o meet_v they_o full_a of_o resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o now_o towards_o the_o evening_n the_o two_o army_n draw_v so_o near_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o incamp_v on_o the_o ground_n where_o they_o be_v leave_v but_o a_o very_a strait_a space_n between_o their_o camp_n but_o when_o night_n be_v shut_v in_o the_o gaul_n
light_v their_o fire_n in_o their_o camp_n depart_v leave_v their_o horse_n behind_o with_o order_n to_o follow_v they_o the_o same_o way_n they_o take_v with_o command_n at_o break_v of_o day_n to_o show_v themselves_o to_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o take_v their_o march_n silent_o towards_o faesula_n where_o they_o halt_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n up_o of_o their_o horse_n and_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n by_o surprise_n if_o they_o shall_v advance_v after_o they_o in_o the_o morning_n the_o roman_n perceive_v they_o be_v retreat_v and_o have_v leave_v only_o their_o horse_n eager_o go_v on_o the_o pursuit_n take_v for_o grant_v that_o this_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v a_o sort_n of_o flight_n but_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o advance_v within_o distance_n when_o the_o gaul_n who_o lie_v in_o ambush_n begin_v to_o appear_v and_o a_o very_a sharp_a conflict_n ensue_v wherein_o the_o boldness_n and_o number_n of_o the_o gaul_n prevail_v of_o the_o roman_n there_o fall_v six_o thousand_o on_o the_o spot_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o rest_n make_v good_a their_o retreat_n to_o a_o rise_a piece_n of_o ground_n well_o situate_a for_o defence_n where_o they_o abide_v the_o gaul_n resolve_v present_o to_o besiege_v they_o but_o be_v now_o weary_a with_o march_v and_o harass_v with_o the_o service_n of_o the_o precede_a day_n they_o only_o leave_v for_o that_o time_n a_o party_n of_o their_o horse_n on_o the_o guard_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n where_o the_o roman_n be_v entrench_v and_o retire_v to_o refresh_v and_o repose_v themselves_o with_o resolution_n the_o next_o morning_n to_o attack_v and_o take_v they_o by_o force_n if_o they_o refuse_v condition_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n l._n aemilius_n who_o have_v be_v send_v to_o rimini_n to_o guard_n the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a seasonable_o arrive_v who_o have_v receive_v intelligence_n that_o the_o enemy_n have_v enter_v tuscany_n and_o far_o that_o they_o be_v advance_v towards_o the_o city_n he_o immediate_o march_v to_o join_v the_o other_o army_n and_o now_o approach_v those_o who_o be_v entrench_v on_o the_o hill_n discover_v they_o at_o a_o distance_n by_o their_o fire_n wherefore_o take_v courage_n and_o disguise_v some_o of_o their_o people_n they_o send_v they_o private_o through_o the_o wood_n to_o give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o the_o present_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n the_o consul_n aemilius_n have_v not_o now_o leisure_n for_o much_o consultation_n order_v the_o tribune_n to_o march_v with_o the_o foot_n by_o break_n of_o day_n while_o himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o horse_n speed_v away_o direct_o towards_o the_o hill_n but_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o the_o gaul_n who_o judge_v by_o the_o fire_n they_o have_v see_v over_o night_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v arrive_v hold_v a_o counsel_n to_o debate_v and_o determine_v how_o they_o ought_v to_o proceed_v when_o the_o king_n aneroestus_n advise_v they_o to_o consider_v with_o caution_n what_o they_o do_v he_o say_v the_o plunder_n they_o have_v take_v be_v already_o very_o great_a their_o prisoner_n and_o the_o cattle_n and_o other_o booty_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v beyond_o all_o computation_n that_o on_o this_o consideration_n it_o seem_v to_o he_o that_o their_o best_a course_n be_v not_o to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n which_o may_v prove_v the_o total_a ruin_n of_o their_o affair_n that_o the_o safe_a counsel_n they_o can_v take_v be_v now_o to_o retreat_n and_o march_v back_o to_o their_o country_n while_o they_o may_v do_v it_o with_o safety_n where_o when_o they_o have_v disencumber_v themselves_o of_o their_o plunder_n they_o may_v with_o ease_n return_n and_o engage_v the_o roman_n if_o it_o be_v conclude_v reasonable_a so_o this_o opinion_n of_o aneroestus_n be_v approve_v and_o follow_v and_o the_o gaul_n decamp_v the_o same_o night_n take_v their_o march_n along_o the_o coast_n towards_o the_o frontier_n of_o tuscany_n aemilius_n have_v receive_v into_o his_o army_n those_o troop_n that_o be_v encamp_v on_o the_o hill_n after_o the_o defeat_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o think_v it_o safe_a to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n but_o determine_v to_o keep_v in_o their_o rear_n and_o vigilant_o take_v occasion_n of_o advantage_n upon_o they_o and_o attempt_v to_o recover_v at_o least_o part_n of_o their_o plunder_n but_o behold_v at_o this_o very_a time_n the_o other_o consul_n c._n atilius_n be_v return_v with_o the_o army_n out_o of_o sardinia_n be_v lead_v they_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n towards_o rome_n who_o utter_o ignorant_a of_o what_o have_v pass_v happen_v to_o take_v the_o same_o way_n the_o gaul_n do_v and_o be_v march_v not_o far_o before_o they_o the_o enemy_n be_v now_o arrive_v near_o telamena_n a_o promontory_n of_o tuscany_n when_o some_o of_o their_o forager_n fall_v into_o atilius_n hand_n who_o give_v he_o intelligence_n of_o all_o that_o have_v pass_v assure_v he_o that_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o army_n be_v not_o far_o off_o that_o the_o gaul_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o that_o aemilius_n be_v hard_a at_o their_o rear_n the_o consul_n be_v a_o little_a perplex_v at_o the_o news_n nevertheless_o assure_v of_o victory_n by_o thus_o surprise_v the_o enemy_n and_o enclose_v they_o between_o their_o two_o army_n he_o order_v the_o tribune_n to_o draw_v up_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o to_o enlarge_v their_o front_n as_o wide_a as_o the_o ground_n will_v possible_o permit_v and_o now_o have_v observe_v a_o eminence_n which_o command_v the_o way_n by_o which_o the_o enemy_n must_v necessary_o pass_v he_o go_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o that_o post_n design_v from_o thence_o to_o give_v the_o first_o attack_v conceive_v that_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n will_v thereby_o be_v in_o a_o great_a degree_n ascribe_v to_o he_o but_o the_o gaul_n who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o arrival_n of_o atilius_n believe_v that_o aemilius_n horse_n have_v get_v before_o they_o in_o the_o night_n and_o have_v possess_v those_o advantageous_a post_n command_v their_o horse_n and_o some_o choice_a man_n of_o their_o foot_n to_o march_v and_o beat_v they_o from_o that_o ground_n but_o receive_v intelligence_n by_o certain_a prisoner_n that_o atilius_n be_v there_o they_o form_v their_o battle_n of_o foot_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o to_o be_v able_a to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_v in_o front_n and_o rear_n for_o they_o be_v assure_v the_o one_o army_n pursue_v they_o and_o the_o other_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o attack_v they_o in_o front_n this_o at_o least_o they_o strong_o conjecture_v both_o by_o the_o intelligence_n they_o have_v receive_v and_o by_o the_o countenance_n and_o action_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o consul_n aemilius_n have_v be_v inform_v that_o the_o legion_n be_v land_v at_o pisa_n but_o he_o can_v not_o hope_v they_o be_v arrive_v so_o near_o but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o perceive_v the_o dispute_n upon_o the_o hill_n he_o take_v for_o grant_v his_o colleague_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n whereupon_o he_o send_v a_o party_n of_o horse_n to_o sustain_v they_o and_o after_o have_v form_v their_o foot_n according_a to_o the_o roman_a discipline_n they_o move_v towards_o the_o enemy_n the_o gaul_n place_v the_o goesates_n in_o their_o rear_n believe_v that_o aemilius_n will_v find_v they_o work_v there_o next_o to_o they_o be_v post_v the_o insubrian_o in_o the_o front_n be_v the_o taurisque_n and_o those_o that_o inhabit_v beyond_o the_o po._n thus_o the_o two_o body_n be_v draw_v up_o rear_n to_o rear_n they_o face_v likewise_o towards_o atilius_n to_o receive_v his_o charge_n all_o their_o chariot_n and_o baggage_n be_v dispose_v on_o the_o wing_n their_o plunder_n they_o have_v carry_v to_o a_o neighbour_a hill_n where_o they_o leave_v it_o under_o a_o good_a guard_n so_o the_o army_n of_o the_o gaul_n be_v draw_v up_o i_o say_v face_v two_o way_n be_v not_o only_o 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other_o mingle_v and_o fight_v without_o any_o order_n here_o atilius_n the_o consul_n engage_v too_o far_o be_v slay_v who_o head_n be_v immediate_o carry_v to_o the_o gaulish_a king_n but_o this_o do_v not_o at_o all_o dishearten_v the_o roman_a horse_n who_o maintain_v their_o post_n and_o repulse_v the_o enemy_n and_o now_o the_o foot_n come_v to_o join_v battle_n where_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o encounter_n be_v not_o only_o violent_a and_o terrible_a to_o those_o who_o be_v engage_v but_o also_o will_v always_o appear_v so_o to_o such_o as_o shall_v hear_v the_o relation_n and_o to_o who_o view_n the_o pen_n of_o the_o historian_n shall_v describe_v it_o in_o a_o word_n where_o three_o army_n be_v thus_o engage_v who_o will_v not_o conclude_v but_o the_o spectacle_n of_o such_o a_o battle_n and_o the_o fashion_n of_o the_o contest_v be_v whole_o new_a and_o surprise_v furthermore_o who_o will_v not_o at_o this_o day_n judge_n or_o who_o will_v not_o then_o have_v conclude_v that_o the_o manner_n and_o order_n wherein_o the_o gaul_n be_v draw_v up_o will_v not_o either_o prove_v fatal_a to_o they_o as_o be_v to_o receive_v a_o enemy_n in_o front_n and_o rear_n or_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o victory_n as_o have_v two_o army_n to_o deal_v with_o they_o have_v order_v it_o so_o that_o divide_v their_o army_n one_o part_n thereof_o sustain_v the_o other_o whereby_o the_o enemy_n can_v never_o attack_v their_o rear_n over_o and_o above_o all_o temptation_n of_o flight_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v take_v away_o for_o they_o can_v neither_o go_v forward_o nor_o retire_v and_o in_o case_n they_o shall_v happen_v to_o be_v vanquish_v they_o be_v bereave_v of_o all_o mean_n of_o escape_n which_o be_v a_o advantage_n only_o to_o be_v find_v when_o a_o army_n be_v so_o form_v front_v two_o several_a way_n the_o roman_n be_v not_o however_o without_o their_o reason_n to_o expect_v success_n who_o have_v their_o enemy_n surround_v and_o hem_v in_o 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can_v not_o but_o give_v the_o roman_n terror_n so_o the_o hope_n of_o such_o a_o booty_n lend_v they_o assurance_n also_o when_o the_o light_n arm_v troop_n be_v advance_v after_o the_o roman_a manner_n a_o good_a distance_n before_o the_o army_n have_v begin_v the_o battle_n by_o a_o shower_n of_o weapon_n they_o cast_v at_o the_o enemy_n the_o garment_n of_o the_o gaul_n who_o be_v in_o the_o second_o rank_n do_v in_o some_o sort_n defend_v their_o body_n but_o it_o fare_v otherwise_o with_o the_o goesates_n who_o fight_v naked_a in_o the_o van_n for_o these_o find_v their_o entertainment_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o they_o expect_v know_v not_o how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o or_o what_o course_n to_o take_v for_o the_o gaul_n buckler_n be_v small_a never_o cover_v their_o body_n entire_o at_o best_a so_o that_o these_o man_n who_o be_v of_o the_o large_a size_n be_v by_o that_o mean_v the_o less_o defend_v insomuch_o that_o few_o dart_n be_v cast_v at_o they_o without_o effect_n and_o now_o be_v thus_o gall_v and_o not_o able_a to_o defend_v their_o body_n against_o those_o who_o at_o a_o distance_n attack_v they_o they_o grow_v at_o length_n enrage_v and_o desperate_a of_o their_o safety_n some_o throw_v themselves_o headlong_o on_o the_o enemy_n where_o they_o find_v present_a death_n other_o retire_v by_o little_a and_o little_a as_o they_o be_v able_a manifest_v their_o fear_n by_o their_o retreat_n trouble_v and_o disorder_v the_o rank_n in_o their_o rear_n so_o the_o roman_a javelin_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o goesates_n courage_n and_o abate_v that_o vain_a confidence_n of_o they_o which_o be_v indeed_o the_o best_a part_n of_o their_o soldiership_n but_o now_o the_o roman_a cohort_n advance_v after_o they_o have_v order_v their_o light_n arm_v party_n to_o retire_v into_o the_o interval_n and_o soon_o come_v to_o the_o sword_n point_n with_o the_o insubrian_o tauriscans_n and_o bojans_n who_o fight_v it_o out_o with_o great_a resolution_n and_o though_o they_o be_v press_v hard_o and_o the_o dispute_n be_v very_o bloody_a nevertheless_o they_o sustain_v the_o shock_n and_o keep_v their_o post_n and_o may_v be_v true_o say_v to_o be_v inferior_a to_o the_o roman_n only_o in_o their_o arm_n which_o be_v not_o by_o much_o so_o serviceable_a in_o battle_n as_o the_o other_o for_o the_o roman_a buckler_n be_v make_v so_o as_o to_o cover_v their_o whole_a body_n and_o their_o sword_n much_o more_o proper_a for_o service_n while_o those_o of_o the_o gaul_n be_v only_o bare_o for_o cut_v at_o length_n the_o roman_a horse_n that_o have_v be_v engage_v on_o the_o hill_n come_v down_o and_o attack_v the_o gaul_n in_o flank_n wherein_o they_o perform_v singular_a service_n in_o short_a the_o gaul_n be_v beat_v forty_o thousand_o slay_v and_o ten_o thousond_v take_v prisoner_n among_o who_o be_v concolitanus_n one_o of_o their_o king_n aneroestus_n the_o other_o king_n with_o a_o small_a party_n escape_v by_o flight_n to_o a_o certain_a village_n where_o soon_o after_o he_o kill_v himself_o as_o do_v the_o rest_n who_o be_v with_o he_o the_o consul_n aemilius_n order_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o be_v secure_v which_o be_v send_v to_o rome_n but_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v take_v from_o the_o country_n he_o order_v to_o be_v restore_v then_o he_o march_v the_o army_n along_o the_o confine_n of_o tuscany_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o bojans_n where_o after_o he_o have_v glut_v the_o soldier_n with_o plunder_n he_o lead_v the_o whole_a army_n back_o to_o rome_n where_o he_o adorn_v the_o capitol_n with_o the_o ensign_n he_o have_v take_v and_o hang_v up_o their_o collar_n and_o bracelet_n and_o chain_n of_o gold_n reserve_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o spoil_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n to_o adorn_v his_o triumph_n when_o he_o shall_v make_v his_o entry_n into_o the_o city_n behold_v now_o the_o success_n of_o this_o mighty_a expedition_n which_o have_v threaten_v the_o people_n of_o italy_n especial_o the_o roman_n with_o so_o dreadful_a a_o storm_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o roman_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o hope_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o force_v the_o gaul_n out_o of_o all_o the_o country_n border_v on_o the_o po._n the_o two_o succeed_a consul_n q._n fulvius_n and_o titus_n manlius_n march_v against_o they_o with_o a_o army_n well_o provide_v of_o all_o thing_n necessary_a whereupon_o the_o bojans_n on_o their_o first_o attempt_n be_v affright_v into_o submission_n put_v themselves_o under_o the_o roman_a protection_n but_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o season_n of_o great_a rain_n and_o the_o plague_n likewise_o have_v infect_v their_o army_n nothing_o afterward_o memorable_a be_v perform_v in_o that_o expedition_n the_o consul_n who_o succeed_v they_o p._n furius_n and_o c._n flaminius_n march_v with_o their_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o gaul_n by_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o anamure_n a_o people_n who_o inhabit_v not_o 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great_a spoil_n whereupon_o the_o prince_n of_o that_o people_n observe_v there_o be_v no_o end_n of_o the_o molestation_n the_o roman_n give_v they_o determine_v at_o length_n to_o put_v all_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n according_o have_v assemble_v and_o rendezvous'd_v all_o their_o troop_n in_o one_o certain_a place_n they_o possess_v themselves_o of_o all_o the_o treasure_n jewel_n and_o gold_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n of_o minerva_n and_o by_o they_o call_v immovables_n with_o which_o they_o make_v provision_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o need_v to_o further_a their_o design_n and_o be_v now_o well_o provide_v they_o march_v cheerful_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o encamp_v in_o their_o view_n with_o a_o army_n of_o fifty_o thousand_o fight_n men._n the_o roman_n plain_o see_v the_o enemy_n much_o exceed_v they_o in_o number_n and_o be_v therefore_o think_v to_o reinforce_v their_o army_n by_o a_o addition_n of_o those_o gaul_n who_o be_v in_o amity_n with_o they_o but_o when_o they_o consider_v the_o faithlessness_n of_o that_o people_n in_o all_o their_o treaty_n and_o negotiation_n and_o that_o those_o who_o aid_n they_o be_v to_o use_v be_v of_o the_o same_o nation_n with_o the_o other_o against_o who_o they_o be_v to_o draw_v their_o sword_n they_o can_v not_o therefore_o determine_v to_o trust_v they_o in_o a_o affair_n of_o so_o mighty_a importance_n wherefore_o they_o find_v this_o expedient_a they_o order_v the_o gaul_n their_o ally_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n remain_v with_o their_o own_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n then_o demolish_n the_o bridge_n the_o river_n not_o be_v fordable_a they_o keep_v they_o at_o least_o from_o side_v with_o the_o enemy_n since_o they_o can_v not_o resolve_v to_o trust_v they_o as_o friend_n by_o this_o mean_n too_o their_o own_o army_n be_v leave_v without_o any_o hope_n but_o in_o victory_n for_o there_o be_v no_o retreat_n but_o by_o the_o river_n and_o that_o be_v now_o unpassable_a after_o this_o be_v do_v they_o prepare_v to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n the_o soldier_n deserve_v great_a commendation_n by_o the_o address_n and_o skill_n they_o show_v in_o this_o battle_n have_v be_v instruct_v it_o seem_v how_o they_o be_v to_o behave_v themselves_o single_o or_o in_o a_o body_n for_o the_o tribune_n have_v remark_v in_o their_o former_a conflict_n that_o the_o gaul_n be_v not_o formidable_a but_o in_o the_o ardour_n of_o the_o first_o attack_v that_o their_o sword_n be_v of_o such_o a_o fashion_n and_o temper_n that_o they_o can_v give_v but_o one_o good_a out_o or_o two_o and_o then_o they_o will_v stand_v bend_v in_o their_o hand_n and_o if_o they_o have_v not_o time_n to_o straighten_v they_o with_o their_o foot_n on_o the_o ground_n they_o become_v of_o no_o more_o use_n wherefore_o the_o tribune_n distribute_v among_o the_o first_o cohort_n the_o javelin_n use_v by_o the_o triarian_o who_o be_v those_o that_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n rank_n command_v the_o soldier_n first_o to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o arm_n and_o then_o to_o draw_v their_o sword_n and_o now_o when_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v they_o attack_v the_o gaul_n as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v who_o sword_n by_o the_o first_o stroke_n on_o the_o roman_a javelin_n become_v bend_v and_o useless_a then_o the_o roman_n advance_v near_o with_o their_o sword_n get_v so_o within_o they_o that_o they_o have_v not_o room_n to_o lift_v their_o arm_n to_o take_v a_o cut_a stroke_n which_o be_v their_o manner_n of_o fight_v who_o sword_n have_v no_o point_n while_o those_o of_o the_o roman_n on_o the_o contrary_a be_v fashion_v for_o cut_v and_o thrust_v redouble_v the_o one_o after_o the_o other_o they_o cut_v and_o pierce_v the_o gaul_n in_o the_o face_n and_o breast_n and_o make_v a_o terrible_a slaughter_n among_o they_o thus_o the_o gaul_n be_v beat_v and_o the_o honour_n of_o that_o day_n principal_o attribute_v to_o the_o prudence_n and_o ability_n of_o the_o tribune_n for_o the_o consul_n flaminius_n be_v to_o seek_v and_o have_v not_o sufficient_o provide_v for_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o army_n who_o draw_v up_o near_o the_o river_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v deprive_v of_o one_o great_a benefit_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o in_o battle_n leave_v they_o not_o space_n enough_o betwixt_o their_o rear_n and_o the_o river_n to_o retire_v when_o occasion_n shall_v make_v it_o necessary_a so_o that_o if_o during_o the_o battle_n the_o roman_n have_v be_v press_v never_o so_o little_a they_o have_v not_o whither_o to_o retire_v but_o into_o the_o river_n so_o great_a a_o oversight_n be_v the_o consul_n guilty_a of_o in_o that_o occasion_n but_o so_o it_o happen_v as_o we_o have_v relate_v that_o the_o roman_n by_o their_o resolution_n get_v a_o signal_n victory_n return_v to_o rome_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o glory_n the_o follow_a year_n the_o gaul_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o the_o roman_n to_o treat_v of_o a_o peace_n on_o whatsoever_o condition_n they_o shall_v please_v to_o grant_v it_o but_o the_o consul_n m._n claudius_n and_o cn._n cornelius_n will_v not_o yield_v to_o treat_v with_o they_o whereupon_o they_o resolve_v to_o make_v their_o last_o effort_n and_o put_v it_o once_o again_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o war._n they_o therefore_o dispatch_v order_n for_o levy_v of_o man_n among_o the_o goesatae_n who_o inhabit_v about_o the_o rhone_n of_o which_o people_n have_v take_v thirty_o thousand_o into_o their_o pay_n they_o continue_v in_o arm_n in_o expectation_n of_o the_o enemy_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o spring_n the_o consul_n lead_v their_o army_n into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o acerras_n situate_v between_o the_o po_n and_o the_o alps_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o insubrian_o be_v willing_a to_o do_v their_o best_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n but_o know_v no_o way_n how_o to_o succour_v the_o besiege_a the_o enemy_n be_v possess_v of_o all_o the_o avenue_n they_o therefore_o pass_v the_o po_n with_o some_o of_o their_o troop_n and_o march_v they_o into_o the_o roman_a territory_n sit_v down_o before_o clastidium_n the_o consul_n receive_v this_o news_n m._n claudius_n marcellus_n take_v with_o he_o all_o the_o roman_a horse_n and_o a_o good_a body_n of_o foot_n march_v away_o with_o diligence_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o that_o place_n of_o who_o come_v the_o gaul_n have_v get_v intelligence_n rise_v from_o before_o it_o and_o march_v in_o battalion_n against_o he_o and_o come_v to_o engage_v they_o make_v for_o a_o while_o a_o good_a stand_n against_o the_o horse_n but_o be_v at_o length_n charge_v in_o flank_n and_o rear_n they_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v the_o advantage_n to_o the_o roman_n betake_v they_o to_o flight_n many_o perish_v in_o the_o river_n which_o they_o attempt_v to_o repass_v and_o more_o be_v slay_v on_o the_o spot_n acerre_v likewise_o soon_o surrender_v where_o have_v be_v lodge_v great_a store_n of_o ammunition_n and_o the_o gaul_n retire_v to_o milan_n which_o be_v the_o capital_a city_n of_o the_o insubrian_o but_o cornelius_n follow_v they_o without_o loss_n of_o time_n and_o march_v after_o they_o thither_o where_o the_o gaul_n attempt_v nothing_o during_o his_o stay_n but_o on_o his_o march_v back_o towards_o acerres_n they_o follow_v he_o and_z attacking_z his_o rear_n kill_v many_o and_o put_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o flight_n till_o cornelius_n face_v about_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o vanguard_n of_o the_o army_n command_v those_o that_o be_v fly_v to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o face_n towards_o the_o enemy_n these_o order_n be_v obey_v the_o roman_n make_v head_n against_o they_o that_o charge_v their_o rear_n but_o the_o gaul_n flesh_v with_o victory_n which_o they_o think_v now_o sure_a sustain_v for_o a_o time_n the_o charge_n but_o it_o be_v not_o long_o ever_o they_o give_v ground_n and_o fly_v seek_v sanctuary_n in_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n whether_o cornelius_n follow_v they_o and_o then_o march_v into_o the_o country_n which_o he_o spoil_v and_o harass_v and_o advance_v to_o milan_n take_v it_o by_o force_n so_o that_o after_o this_o defeat_n the_o prince_n of_o the_o insubrian_o find_v it_o in_o vain_a further_o to_o contend_v submit_v and_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o roman_n behold_v now_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n which_o the_o roman_n wage_v against_o the_o gaul_n wherein_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o courage_n and_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o mighty_a battle_n and_o the_o multitude_n that_o compose_v their_o army_n and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o man_n in_o the_o field_n we_o shall_v be_v oblige_v without_o doubt_n to_o consent_v that_o history_n afford_v none_o that_o may_v parallele_v it_o while_o if_o on_o the_o other_o
they_o meet_v by_o accident_n and_o afterward_o in_o a_o battle_n near_o magalopolis_n and_o in_o short_a after_o their_o defeat_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o prime_a strength_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o dymaja_n near_o a_o place_n call_v hecatombaeum_fw-la find_v the_o circumstance_n of_o their_o affair_n to_o admit_v no_o further_o delay_n the_o present_a danger_n in_o which_o they_o see_v themselves_o prevail_v on_o the_o achaian_n unanimous_o to_o consent_n to_o implore_v succour_n of_o antigonus_n according_o aratus_n dispatch_v away_o his_o son_n and_o ratify_v the_o treaty_n that_o have_v be_v make_v with_o that_o prince_n touch_v the_o assistance_n he_o be_v to_o give_v they_o but_o now_o a_o weighty_a objection_n appear_v likely_a to_o obstruct_v the_o accord_n for_o they_o take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o antigonus_n will_v demur_v to_o their_o supply_n till_o acro-corinth_n together_o with_o the_o city_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o his_o possession_n which_o he_o will_v make_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o the_o achaian_n can_v not_o determine_v to_o yield_v up_o those_o place_n without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o corinthian_n first_o obtain_v which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o some_o delay_n and_o give_v they_o leisure_n to_o deliberate_v about_o adjust_v the_o surety_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n cleomenes_n success_n have_v give_v the_o alarm_n on_o all_o side_n who_o prosecute_v his_o good_a fortune_n now_o without_o danger_n or_o molestation_n take_v some_o town_n by_o fair_a mean_n and_o other_o by_o force_n and_o have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o caphya_n pellene_n pheneus_n argos_n phliunte_n cleone_n epidaurus_n hermione_n troezene_n and_o in_o short_a of_o corinth_n itself_o he_o march_v on_o and_o encamp_v near_o the_o city_n of_o sicyon_n the_o difficulty_n be_v now_o remove_v that_o molest_v the_o achaian_n and_o aratus_n the_o praetor_n while_o the_o corinthian_n who_o though_o they_o have_v signify_v they_o be_v ready_a to_o join_v and_o march_v with_o they_o be_v on_o the_o contrary_n find_v to_o have_v confederated_a with_o cleomenes_n and_o invite_v he_o to_o receive_v they_o this_o give_v the_o achaian_n then_o a_o pretext_n which_o justify_v their_o determination_n and_o which_o aratus_n ready_o improve_v who_o have_v already_o give_v antigonus_n some_o hope_v that_o acrocorinth_a shall_v be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n which_o have_v now_o perform_v the_o scense_n of_o the_o injury_n heretofore_o do_v to_o the_o king_n of_o of_o macedon_n become_v by_o that_o mean_v remove_v and_o the_o alliance_n more_o firm_o ratify_v for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v and_o what_o be_v far_o considerable_a antigonus_n be_v by_o that_o mean_n put_v in_o possession_n of_o a_o proper_a fortress_n whereby_o to_o manage_v the_o war_n with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n cleomenes_z who_o have_v already_o promise_v himself_o the_o principality_n of_o all_o peloponnesus_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o the_o alliance_n conclude_v between_o antigonus_n and_o the_o achaian_n forthwith_o retire_v from_o before_o sicyon_n and_o march_v and_o encamp_v his_o army_n near_o the_o isthmus_n and_o fortify_v with_o a_o ditch_n and_o rampart_n the_o whole_a space_n between_o acro-corinth_n and_o the_o onion_n hill_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n antigonus_n have_v be_v long_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o enter_v upon_o the_o war_n and_o attend_v only_o the_o motive_n from_o aratus_n and_o make_v a_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o advice_n he_o receive_v that_o cleomenes_n will_v soon_o be_v on_o his_o march_n with_o his_o army_n he_o therefore_o send_v to_o aratus_n and_o the_o achaian_n himself_o be_v then_o in_o thessaly_n to_o exhort_v they_o to_o put_v in_o effect_n the_o promise_n that_o have_v be_v make_v he_o and_o then_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o isthmus_n by_o the_o way_n of_o euboea_n for_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v attempt_v all_o other_o mean_v before_o to_o prevent_v the_o conjunction_n of_o antigonus_n with_o the_o achaian_n and_o be_v still_o ready_a to_o do_v their_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v the_o same_o have_v intimate_v to_o he_o that_o he_o shall_v not_o attempt_v his_o passage_n with_o a_o army_n by_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopylae_n and_o that_o if_o he_o do_v they_o will_v oppose_v he_o with_o a_o army_n when_o antigonus_n arrive_v at_o the_o isthmus_n he_o encamp_v just_o opposite_a to_o cleomenes_n with_o design_n to_o block_n up_o his_o passage_n into_o peloponnesus_n and_o now_o notwithstanding_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o achaian_n be_v in_o a_o state_n desperate_a enough_o nevertheless_o they_o change_v not_o their_o purpose_n and_o be_v not_o destitute_a of_o hope_n and_o they_o no_o soon_o see_v aristotle_n the_o argian_a oppose_v the_o partisan_n of_o cleomenes_n when_o they_o immediate_o march_v to_o their_o assistance_n and_o by_o the_o conduct_n of_o timoxenes_n they_o get_v possession_n and_o become_v master_n of_o argos_n by_o intelligence_n and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a to_o believe_v that_o that_o success_n give_v rise_v to_o the_o prosperity_n of_o their_o affair_n for_o first_o of_o all_o this_o adventure_n give_v check_v to_o the_o impetuosity_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o great_o dishearten_v his_o people_n as_o occurrence_n will_v explain_v it_o by_o and_o by_o for_o notwithstanding_o his_o be_v possess_v of_o post_n and_o place_n of_o more_o advantage_n and_o be_v master_n of_o great_a convenience_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o army_n than_o antigonus_n and_o in_o a_o word_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o more_o numerous_a army_n yet_o he_o no_o soon_o hear_v that_o the_o achaian_n be_v master_n of_o argos_n when_o he_o desert_v all_o those_o advantage_n we_o have_v enumerate_v and_o that_o render_v he_o superior_a to_o antigonus_n and_o retire_v from_o the_o isthmus_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o flight_n fear_v to_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o enemy_n afterward_o he_o manage_v a_o intelligence_n in_o argos_n and_o get_v into_o the_o town_n but_o after_o all_o he_o can_v do_v to_o keep_v possession_n he_o be_v drive_v out_o again_o by_o the_o achaian_n with_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o who_o have_v first_o promise_v he_o their_o concurrence_n they_o afterward_o refuse_v it_o so_o he_o return_v to_o sparta_n by_o the_o way_n of_o mantinoea_n thus_o antigonus_n get_v his_o passage_n into_o peloâ—onnesus_n without_o hazard_n and_o acro-corinthâ—as_a â—as_z put_v into_o his_o hand_n where_o he_o remain_v â—ot_n long_o but_o haste_v away_o to_o argos_n where_o â—fter_o he_o have_v praise_v and_o encourage_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o settle_v their_o affair_n he_o return_v â—o_o his_o camp_n and_o bend_v his_o march_n towards_o arcadia_n in_o short_a after_o he_o have_v reduce_v several_a new_a garrison_n that_o have_v be_v late_o erect_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o put_v they_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o he_o proceed_v â—o_o aegium_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o assembly_n of_o â—he_n achaian_n where_o he_o set_v forth_o the_o motive_n â—f_v his_o come_n among_o they_o and_o advise_v how_o they_o be_v to_o proceed_v and_o there_o he_o be_v choâ—â—n_o general_n of_o the_o confederate_a army_n and_o 〈◊〉_d be_v now_o winter_n he_o remain_v some_o time_n 〈◊〉_d sicyon_n and_o corinth_n but_o early_o in_o the_o spring_n â—rew_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o winter-quarters_a and_o take_v the_o field_n and_o in_o three_o day_n â—fter_o his_o departure_n arrive_v before_o tegea_n where_o the_o achaian_n join_v he_o antigonusâ—eing_v â—eing_z encamp_v before_o the_o town_n forthwith_o besiege_v it_o which_o be_v hardly_o press_v by_o the_o macedonian_n who_o attack_v they_o by_o all_o the_o method_n that_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n in_o the_o like_a attempt_n especial_o by_o mine_n which_o they_o have_v make_v on_o all_o quarter_n insomuch_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n despair_v of_o safety_n yield_v up_o the_o place_n which_o antigonus_n have_v strengthen_v with_o a_o garrison_n proceed_v on_o further_a expedition_n and_o march_v his_o troop_n with_o speed_n into_o laconia_n and_o be_v advance_v near_o cleomenes_n who_o with_o his_o army_n lay_v on_o the_o frontier_n he_o begin_v some_o small_a engagement_n with_o he_o by_o party_n the_o better_a to_o sound_v his_o design_n but_o learning_n by_o his_o spy_n that_o cleomenes_n army_n have_v be_v reinforce_v by_o fresh_a troop_n from_o orchomenus_n he_o forthwith_o march_v away_o towards_o those_o quarter_n where_o he_o take_v orchomenus_n by_o force_n from_o whence_o he_o march_v against_o mantinoea_n which_o place_n terrify_v at_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o macedonian_n submit_v then_o he_o advance_v towards_o heroea_n and_o telphussa_n whereupon_o in_o regard_n these_o two_o place_n voluntary_o come_v into_o his_o party_n and_o winter_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n he_o return_v to_o egium_n to_o be_v at_o the_o assembly_n of_o the_o achaian_n and_o send_v his_o troop_n home_o to_o pass_v the_o winter_n he_o remain_v
be_v no_o injustice_n to_o award_v he_o the_o same_o measure_n he_o have_v deal_v to_o other_o we_o rather_o ought_v to_o conclude_v it_o will_v have_v be_v injustice_n if_o his_o death_n shall_v have_v happen_v without_o some_o sense_n of_o torment_n after_o he_o have_v act_v so_o many_o criminal_a part_n it_o will_v not_o therefore_o be_v find_v a_o just_a imputation_n of_o cruelty_n in_o antigonus_n or_o aratus_n if_o be_v take_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o war_n aristomachus_n be_v condemn_v to_o die_v by_o torment_n if_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n he_o deserve_v no_o less_o and_o that_o those_o who_o shall_v have_v compass_v his_o death_n will_v have_v merit_v applause_n and_o reward_n from_o every_o honest_a man._n but_o over_o and_o above_o what_o we_o have_v observe_v have_v violate_v his_o faith_n and_o break_v his_o trust_n with_o the_o achaian_n what_o punishment_n can_v they_o think_v too_o great_a in_o short_a aristomachus_n a_o little_a before_o the_o death_n of_o demetrius_n be_v in_o great_a danger_n and_o reduce_v to_o the_o utmost_a extremity_n forlorn_a and_o despoil_v of_o his_o dominion_n find_v a_o asylum_n among_o the_o achaian_n who_o receive_v he_o with_o all_o possible_a gentleness_n they_o not_o only_o forget_v and_o forgive_v the_o crime_n and_o outrage_n of_o his_o tyranny_n but_o admit_v he_o to_o a_o share_n of_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o state_n and_o confer_v on_o he_o the_o trust_n of_o command_v and_o conduct_v their_o army_n and_o do_v he_o other_o great_a honour_n while_o he_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o upon_o the_o first_o shadow_n of_o advantage_n tender_v he_o by_o cleomenes_n forget_v all_o these_o obligation_n and_o desert_v the_o achaian_n at_o a_o time_n of_o their_o great_a distress_n join_v with_o their_o enemy_n so_o that_o fall_v at_o last_o into_o their_o hand_n what_o hard_a measure_n will_v it_o have_v be_v to_o carry_v he_o to_o cenchrea_n and_o there_o to_o put_v he_o private_o to_o death_n and_o in_o the_o night_n as_o our_o author_n report_v when_o in_o justice_n he_o shall_v have_v be_v lead_v through_o all_o the_o country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o after_o he_o have_v be_v make_v a_o spectacle_n to_o the_o world_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v public_o torment_v to_o death_n to_o rendeâ—_n he_o the_o great_a example_n though_o in_o a_o word_n the_o severe_a treatment_n that_o befall_v this_o vile_a man_n be_v no_o other_o than_o to_o be_v cast_v into_o the_o sea_n for_o certain_a barbarity_n commit_v by_o he_o at_o cenchrea_n furthermore_n philarchus_n exaggerates_n with_o passion_n the_o calamity_n of_o the_o mantinoean_n as_o if_o he_o think_v it_o the_o business_n of_o a_o historian_n to_o pick_v out_o and_o enlarge_v most_o on_o the_o subject_a of_o our_o vice_n but_o be_v silent_a when_o he_o shall_v have_v record_v the_o memorable_a and_o glorious_a behaviour_n of_o the_o megalopolitan_o which_o occur_v at_o the_o same_o time_n false_o conceive_v that_o to_o register_n the_o flaw_n and_o frailty_n of_o human_a nature_n be_v more_o eligible_a than_o to_o publish_v the_o merit_n of_o noble_a and_o generous_a action_n while_o who_o know_v not_o that_o the_o fame_n and_o glory_n of_o noble_a deed_n do_v more_o urge_v we_o to_o virtue_n and_o reform_v our_o manner_n better_a than_o the_o recital_n of_o criminal_a adventure_n our_o author_n indeed_o labour_v to_o set_v forth_o the_o courage_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o his_o gentleness_n to_o his_o enemy_n tell_v we_o how_o he_o take_v megalopolis_n and_o preserve_v it_o from_o destruction_n till_o he_o have_v send_v to_o messene_n whither_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v retire_v to_o invite_v they_o back_o to_o their_o habitation_n and_o take_v part_n with_o he_o nor_o do_v he_o omit_v to_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o megalopolitan_o have_v hardly_o the_o patience_n to_o hear_v his_o letter_n read_v after_o they_o know_v the_o subject_a and_o that_o they_o be_v with_o difficulty_n restrain_v from_o stone_v the_o messenger_n to_o death_n but_o he_o total_o neglect_v to_o publish_v what_o in_o justice_n and_o according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o history_n shall_v not_o have_v be_v omit_v namely_o to_o celebrate_v the_o praise_n of_o their_o virtue_n and_o the_o generous_a resolution_n they_o have_v take_v which_o he_o may_v fair_o have_v do_v for_o if_o we_o reckon_v those_o man_n of_o honour_n and_o virtue_n who_o succour_n and_o defend_v their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n in_o distress_n both_o in_o word_n and_o deed_n and_o if_o we_o think_v it_o not_o only_o praiseworthy_a but_o the_o subject_a of_o great_a reward_n and_o concession_n of_o remarkable_a privilege_n to_o those_o who_o suffer_v on_o that_o score_n to_o yield_v to_o be_v spoil_v in_o their_o fortune_n to_o abide_v the_o calamity_n of_o sieges_n and_o endure_v all_o the_o wasteful_a effect_n of_o hostility_n what_o may_v be_v then_o say_v to_o be_v due_a to_o the_o megalopolitan_o shall_v we_o not_o reckon_v they_o man_n of_o honour_n can_v 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historian_n hope_v to_o find_v a_o theme_n fit_a to_o charm_n the_o attention_n of_o the_o reader_n and_o what_o more_o noble_a example_n can_v be_v inculcate_v to_o mankind_n to_o excite_v they_o to_o constancy_n and_o fidelity_n to_o their_o treaty_n and_o alliance_n with_o their_o neighbour_a state_n nevertheless_o philarchus_n have_v commit_v all_o this_o to_o oblivion_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v one_o may_v safe_o accuse_v he_o of_o stupidity_n and_o want_n of_o judgement_n in_o the_o choice_n of_o such_o matter_n as_o become_v the_o dignity_n of_o history_n since_o he_o can_v neglect_v the_o record_v occurrence_n of_o that_o importance_n that_o lie_v so_o plain_o in_o his_o view_n we_o be_v far_o tell_v by_o our_o author_n that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n take_v in_o booty_n from_o the_o megalopolitan_o to_o the_o value_n of_o six_o thousand_o talent_n whereof_o two_o thousand_o according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n fall_v to_o the_o share_n of_o cleomenes_n now_o who_o do_v not_o 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be_v without-book_a or_o no._n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o man_n so_o ignorant_a that_o do_v not_o know_v that_o when_o the_o achaian_n and_o theban_n join_v in_o war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o form_v a_o land-army_n of_o ten_o thousand_o man_n and_o a_o naval_a one_o of_o one_o hundred_o vessel_n they_o come_v to_o a_o resolution_n each_o one_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o war_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o riches_n and_o possession_n and_o that_o thereupon_o a_o estimate_n and_o valuation_n be_v make_v of_o all_o that_o be_v appraisable_v throughout_o the_o attic_a territory_n comprehend_v land_n building_n good_n treasure_n etc._n etc._n and_o upon_o that_o calculation_n the_o whole_a value_n amount_v to_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o talent_n short_a of_o six_o thousand_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v infer_v whether_o we_o have_v reason_n or_o not_o to_o say_v what_o
have_v be_v observe_v touch_v peloponnesus_n to_o conclude_v whosoever_o shall_v undertake_v to_o say_v that_o the_o pillage_n and_o booty_n of_o megalopolis_n can_v exceed_v at_o that_o time_n the_o sum_n of_o three_o hundred_o talent_n will_v surpass_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o account_n for_o we_o be_v well_o assure_v there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n both_o of_o people_n of_o free-condition_n and_o slave_n who_o escape_v to_o messene_n and_o what_o far_o confirm_v this_o opinion_n that_o there_o be_v no_o people_n in_o all_o arcadia_n the_o mantinoean_n except_v that_o surpass_v the_o megalopolitan_o either_o in_o the_o number_n of_o inhabitant_n strength_n or_o riches_n which_o phylarchus_n himself_o grant_v and_o upon_o the_o take_v the_o town_n after_o the_o siege_n out_o of_o which_o no_o body_n can_v escape_v or_o secure_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o enemy_n there_o be_v not_o raise_v three_o hundred_o talent_n of_o the_o booty_n add_v the_o sale_n of_o the_o prisoner_n to_o the_o account_n and_o who_o will_v not_o yet_o far_o wonder_n at_o what_o phylarchus_n report_v namely_o that_o about_o ten_o day_n before_o the_o battle_n there_o arrive_v a_o ambassador_n from_o ptolemy_n to_o cleomenes_n to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o he_o can_v expect_v no_o far_o supply_n of_o money_n from_o he_o with_o advice_n moreover_o to_o come_v to_o a_o speedy_a accord_n with_o antigonus_n and_o that_o thereupon_o cleomenes_n determine_v to_o come_v the_o more_o speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n before_o his_o army_n shall_v have_v notice_n of_o this_o news_n as_o despair_v to_o be_v able_a to_o pay_v they_o out_o of_o his_o own_o treasure_n now_o it_o be_v remarkable_a that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o about_o that_o very_a time_n cleomenes_n be_v master_n of_o six_o thousand_o talent_n he_o have_v be_v in_o no_o need_n of_o ptolomy_n assistance_n be_v a_o much_o wealthy_a prince_n than_o himself_o and_o as_o to_o what_o concern_v his_o affair_n with_o antigonus_n if_o it_o be_v 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occasion_n he_o take_v the_o field_n and_o fall_v on_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o argian_n with_o a_o resolution_n by_o the_o vulgar_a account_v temerarious_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o strength_n and_o difficult_a situation_n of_o many_o place_n that_o command_v his_o passage_n but_o according_a to_o the_o judgement_n of_o those_o who_o can_v best_o discern_v with_o wisdom_n and_o conduct_n enough_o for_o in_o short_a he_o know_v that_o the_o macedonian_n be_v yet_o at_o home_n and_o from_o they_o there_o be_v no_o danger_n to_o be_v apprehend_v in_o his_o enterprise_n furthermore_o he_o wise_o consider_v that_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v have_v make_v any_o progress_n upon_o the_o argian_n and_o have_v spoil_v and_o ravage_v their_o country_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n that_o people_n will_v not_o be_v able_a with_o any_o patience_n to_o suffer_v it_o but_o will_v soon_o trouble_v antigonus_n with_o their_o complaint_n and_o remonstrance_n and_o in_o case_n that_o prince_n shall_v be_v move_v by_o their_o application_n to_o take_v the_o field_n with_o those_o few_o troop_n he_o have_v with_o he_o and_o attempt_v a_o battle_n that_o it_o be_v then_o odds_o but_o he_o will_v be_v beat_v or_o if_o he_o do_v not_o yield_v to_o their_o importunity_n but_o keep_v within_o the_o wall_n that_o then_o cleomenes_n will_v have_v the_o opportunity_n of_o terrify_v and_o do_v damage_n to_o the_o enemy_n of_o hearten_v and_o give_v assurance_n to_o his_o soldier_n and_o so_o to_o return_v home_o again_o with_o impunity_n and_o in_o short_a it_o happen_v as_o he_o have_v forecast_v for_o the_o argian_n can_v not_o behold_v their_o country_n waste_v and_o plunder_v without_o press_v antigonus_n with_o their_o complaint_n who_o notwihstanding_n depart_v not_o from_o the_o dignity_n of_o a_o great_a prince_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o a_o wise_a general_n he_o be_v not_o therefore_o move_v to_o take_v the_o field_n out_o of_o fear_n of_o present_a blame_v but_o 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he_o be_v not_o deceive_v in_o his_o conjecture_n here_o be_v situate_a two_o mountain_n the_o one_o call_v eva_n the_o other_o olympus_n between_o these_o run_v the_o river_n oenus_n along_o the_o bank_n whereof_o there_o be_v a_o narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v that_o lead_v to_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n cleomenes_z order_v a_o good_a ditch_n to_o be_v make_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o these_o two_o hill_n with_o strong_a rampart_n behind_o they_o on_o the_o mountain_n eva_n he_o post_v the_o force_n of_o the_o confederate_n under_o the_o command_n of_o euclidas_n his_o brother_n and_o he_o himself_o possess_v olympus_n with_o the_o spartan_a troop_n and_o the_o mercenary_n in_o short_a his_o horse_n he_o appointad_v to_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o plain_a ground_n near_o the_o river_n on_o each_o side_n sustain_v by_o a_o body_n of_o mercenary_a foot_n when_o antigonus_n arrive_v and_o have_v well_o consider_v the_o situation_n of_o the_o ground_n the_o fortification_n and_o defence_n that_o be_v make_v and_o have_v remark_v with_o how_o much_o judgement_n cleomenes_n have_v provide_v for_o all_o thing_n have_v distribute_v his_o troop_n and_o post_v they_o so_o proper_o and_o that_o he_o have_v so_o soldier-like_a possess_v the_o place_n and_o be_v encamp_v in_o such_o excellent_a order_n the_o form_n thereof_o bear_v the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o army_n draw_v up_o in_o order_n of_o battle_n for_o he_o have_v omit_v no_o skill_n or_o forecast_n either_o with_o respect_n to_o give_v the_o attack_z or_o receive_v the_o enemy_n his_o people_n be_v in_o a_o posture_n for_o either_o and_o his_o camp_n well_o secure_v against_o any_o insult_n or_o surprise_n when_o antigonus_n i_o say_v have_v observe_v all_o this_o he_o can_v not_o determine_v to_o give_v cleomenes_z battle_n but_o content_v himself_o for_o the_o present_a to_o retire_v some_o small_a distance_n off_o and_o incamp_v his_o army_n on_o the_o the_o river_n gorgylus_n which_o
fortify_v one_o part_n of_o his_o camp_n here_o he_o remain_v some_o day_n the_o better_a to_o acquaint_v himself_o with_o the_o ground_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o enemy_n feign_v to_o attack_v they_o now_o in_o one_o place_n now_o in_o another_o march_v round_o they_o to_o give_v they_o the_o great_a terror_n but_o perceive_v every_o post_n to_o be_v well-gaurded_n and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o find_v any_o one_o place_n that_o may_v encourage_v he_o to_o attempt_v they_o cleomenes_z being_z vigilant_a and_o wary_o watch_v his_o motion_n and_o always_o present_a at_o every_o place_n of_o importance_n he_o than_o change_v his_o purpose_n till_o at_o length_n the_o two_o general_n come_v to_o agree_v to_o join_v battle_n for_o it_o be_v bruit_v about_o that_o fortune_n have_v make_v choice_n of_o these_o two_o great_a man_n equal_a in_o skill_n and_o bravery_n to_o try_v the_o mastery_n one_o against_o the_o other_o antigonus_n order_v the_o macedonian_n who_o carry_v buckler_n of_o brass_n mingle_v among_o they_o the_o illyrian_a cohort_n to_o march_v against_o those_o on_o mount_n eva_n these_o be_v command_v by_o alexander_n son_n of_o acmetus_n and_o demetrius_n the_o pharian_a in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o he_o range_v the_o cretan_n and_o acarnanian_o who_o be_v follow_v by_o a_o body_n of_o reserve_n consist_v of_o two_o thousand_o achaian_n towards_o the_o river_n he_o order_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v to_o engage_v those_o of_o the_o enemy_n under_o the_o command_n of_o alexander_n and_o on_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o horse_n he_o appoint_v a_o thousand_o achaian_n and_o as_o many_o megalopolitan_o while_o he_o himself_o resolve_v to_o attack_v olympus_n at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o macedonian_n and_o mercinary_n know_v that_o cleomenes_n be_v there_o he_o order_v the_o mercenary_n to_o have_v the_o van_n and_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n to_o sustain_v they_o following-by_a platton_n whereunto_o they_o be_v 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supply_v they_o with_o what_o clothes_n they_o want_v and_o great_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n over_o the_o mountain_n but_o the_o most_o remarkable_a service_n he_o do_v they_o be_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o they_o be_v in_o some_o jealousy_n in_o pass_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o gaul_n call_v allobroges_n he_o conduct_v hannibal_n by_o another_o way_n more_o safe_a and_o bring_v he_o to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o begin_v to_o ascend_v the_o alps_n hannibal_n have_v march_v near_o a_o hundred_o mile_n in_o ten_o day_n along_o the_o river_n rhosne_fw-fr meet_v with_o mighty_a difficulty_n after_o his_o army_n have_v enter_v on_o the_o mountain_n and_o in_o truth_n the_o allobroges_n have_v no_o purpose_n to_o attack_v they_o while_o they_o hold_v their_o march_n in_o the_o plain_n fear_v both_o their_o horse_n and_o the_o gaul_n that_o accompany_v the_o army_n but_o these_o
be_v no_o soon_o go_v and_o that_o hannibal_n begin_v to_o ascend_v the_o mountain_n when_o they_o draw_v together_o in_o great_a number_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o post_n where_o hannibal_n must_v unavoidable_o march_v and_o most_o assure_o have_v they_o but_o keep_v themselves_o long_o conceal_v the_o carthaginian_a army_n have_v run_v a_o mighty_a hazard_n but_o be_v discover_v by_o hannibal_n though_o they_o do_v he_o some_o mischief_n they_o be_v requite_v with_o equal_a loss_n for_o hannibal_n be_v no_o soon_o inform_v that_o the_o barbarian_n be_v master_n of_o the_o pass_n when_o he_o make_v his_o army_n halt_v and_o take_v their_o quarter_n that_o night_n among_o the_o rock_n and_o fastness_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o dispatch_v a_o party_n of_o gaul_n who_o serve_v he_o for_o guide_n to_o discover_v the_o posture_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o learn_v what_o they_o can_v of_o their_o purpose_n and_o have_v understand_v that_o they_o keep_v guard_n in_o those_o place_n only_o by_o day_n but_o that_o in_o the_o night_n they_o retire_v to_o a_o town_n not_o far_o off_o he_o find_v this_o expedient_a to_o obviate_v the_o present_a inconvenience_n he_o decamp_v in_o broad_a day_n and_o by_o slow_a motion_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n till_o arrive_v not_o far_o from_o the_o strait_n he_o then_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o the_o enemy_n and_o cause_v fire_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o camp_n about_o the_o first_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n where_o he_o leave_v the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o troop_n himself_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n with_o a_o detachment_n of_o his_o best_a man_n pass_v the_o strait_n in_o the_o night_n and_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v retire_v to_o the_o town_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n take_v possession_n of_o those_o post_n where_o they_o be_v wont_v before_o to_o keep_v their_o guard_n when_o day_n discover_v to_o the_o enemy_n what_o have_v pass_v they_o do_v not_o present_o determine_v what_o to_o do_v but_o when_o they_o observe_v the_o great_a quantity_n of_o baggage_n that_o appear_v and_o perceive_v that_o the_o horse_n can_v afford_v they_o no_o succour_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a stony_a and_o break_a way_n can_v not_o march_v but_o in_o defile_v they_o then_o resolve_v on_o the_o attack_z and_o now_o as_o the_o barbarian_n thus_o fall_v on_o they_o from_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o way_n itself_o be_v almost_o as_o terrible_a as_o the_o enemy_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v great_a loss_n especial_o in_o their_o horse_n and_o beast_n of_o carriage_n for_o the_o way_n be_v straight_o stony_a and_o break_v the_o beast_n of_o burden_n be_v easy_o throw_v down_o and_o disorder_v fall_v into_o precipice_n but_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v wound_v give_v they_o the_o great_a trouble_n for_o fall_v by_o their_o wound_n among_o the_o other_o beast_n and_o labour_v to_o rise_v and_o recover_v their_o foot_n in_o so_o narrow_a a_o way_n so_o crowd_v they_o cast_v down_o other_o by_o their_o strive_v to_o save_v themselves_o which_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o great_a labour_n and_o tumult_n this_o be_v observe_v and_o consider_v by_o hannibal_n who_o well_o know_v the_o army_n can_v not_o subsist_v without_o their_o beast_n of_o burden_n which_o carry_v their_o necessary_n he_o immediate_o leave_v the_o post_n he_o have_v take_v and_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o those_o who_o be_v thus_o hard_o press_v in_o their_o passage_n when_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n from_o high_a ground_n he_o do_v not_o fail_v of_o do_v they_o great_a damage_n but_o the_o evil_n be_v that_o his_o own_o people_n be_v thereby_o equal_a sufferer_n for_o the_o fear_v increase_a everywhere_o by_o this_o new_a tumult_n many_o miscarry_v and_o be_v lose_v in_o the_o crowd_n but_o in_o the_o end_n most_o of_o the_o allobroges_n be_v slay_v on_o the_o place_n and_o the_o rest_n save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o now_o their_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n after_o some_o time_n of_o rest_n be_v lead_v with_o great_a trouble_n and_o difficulty_n through_o the_o straight_a but_o hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v escape_v this_o danger_n march_v himself_o with_o a_o good_a detachment_n against_o the_o town_n that_o have_v harbour_v the_o enemy_n which_o he_o take_v without_o resistance_n find_v it_o almost_o quite_o desert_v the_o inhabitant_n be_v all_o go_v out_o in_o hope_n of_o booty_n this_o adventure_n prove_v very_o useful_a to_o his_o affair_n both_o with_o respect_n to_o the_o present_a and_o the_o future_a for_o he_o here_o recover_v many_o both_o man_n and_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n which_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n hand_n and_o cattle_n and_o corn_n sufficient_a to_o sustain_v the_o army_n for_o three_o day_n but_o above_o all_o the_o terror_n he_o have_v give_v by_o this_o success_n to_o the_o circumjacent_a place_n be_v such_o that_o none_o of_o the_o gaul_n inhabit_v the_o town_n near_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v give_v he_o the_o least_o molestation_n in_o his_o passage_n in_o this_o town_n hannibal_n take_v up_o his_o quarter_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o day_n to_o rest_n and_o refresh_v his_o army_n and_o then_o prosecute_v his_o journey_n for_o three_o day_n together_o he_o march_v without_o trouble_n or_o alarm_n but_o the_o four_o he_o fall_v into_o much_o danger_n the_o people_n inhabit_v in_o the_o town_n on_o the_o way_n he_o be_v to_o pass_v have_v secret_o conspire_v against_o he_o meet_v he_o however_o with_o olive-branch_n and_o garland_n of_o flower_n sign_n among_o the_o barbarian_n of_o peace_n and_o friendship_n as_o the_o caduceus_n be_v among_o the_o greek_n hannibal_n who_o have_v now_o learn_v how_o far_o he_o be_v to_o trust_v these_o people_n endeavour_v by_o question_n to_o inform_v himself_o of_o their_o purpose_n they_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v receive_v notice_n of_o his_o success_n against_o the_o town_n and_o of_o the_o loss_n and_o defeat_n of_o those_o who_o have_v attack_v he_o in_o his_o march_n but_o as_o to_o themselves_o they_o come_v to_o give_v he_o assurance_n that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o do_v he_o no_o injury_n nor_o suffer_v any_o to_o be_v do_v to_o he_o by_o other_o and_o that_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o give_v he_o hostage_n for_o their_o fidelity_n hannibal_n remain_v long_o undetermined_a what_o to_o do_v have_v no_o great_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n but_o in_o the_o end_n weigh_v that_o to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o believe_v they_o may_v work_v on_o their_o good-nature_n and_o by_o degree_n win_v they_o to_o his_o friendship_n if_o he_o seem_v to_o accept_v their_o tender_v and_o that_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n they_o may_v present_o become_v his_o enemy_n he_o feign_v to_o consent_v to_o their_o proposal_n and_o seem_v as_o they_o do_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o term_n of_o friendship_n with_o they_o in_o short_a after_o these_o barbarian_n have_v give_v he_o security_n for_o their_o peaceable_a behaviour_n supply_v his_o army_n with_o provision_n and_o that_o they_o converse_v among_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o freedom_n and_o confidence_n hannibal_n begin_v to_o have_v a_o better_a opinion_n of_o their_o sincerity_n and_o accept_v their_o service_n for_o his_o guide_n through_o the_o many_o remain_v difficult_a way_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o pass_v howbeit_o after_o they_o have_v thus_o conduct_v the_o army_n for_o two_o day_n together_o they_o assemble_v at_o length_n all_o into_o one_o body_n and_o attack_v the_o rear_n at_o a_o defile_v or_o straight_a passage_n as_o they_o be_v march_v in_o a_o valley_n full_a of_o rock_n and_o break_a ground_n great_a likelihood_n there_o be_v that_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n have_v here_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o be_v entire_o destroy_v have_v not_o their_o general_n who_o reserve_v a_o secret_a doubt_n of_o the_o well-meaning_a of_o this_o people_n obviate_v the_o mischief_n of_o this_o treasonable_a purpose_n of_o they_o by_o order_v his_o horse_n and_o baggage_n to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n of_o the_o army_n and_o his_o choice_a foot_n to_o sustain_v the_o rear_n but_o have_v dispose_v matter_n after_o this_o manner_n his_o loss_n become_v less_o grievous_a for_o his_o foot_n in_o the_o arrearguard_n prove_v sufficient_a to_o put_v a_o stop_n to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o attempt_n nevertheless_o they_o be_v not_o without_o great_a loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o horse_n and_o the_o enemy_n who_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o ground_n above_o they_o bring_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o army_n by_o roll_a down_n mighty_a stone_n and_o rock_n from_o the_o precipice_n upon_o they_o and_o shower_v volley_n of_o stone_n on_o their_o head_n that_o hannibal_n be_v compel_v to_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n for_o that_o night_n on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o eminence_n expose_v
to_o the_o open_a sky_n with_o that_o part_n of_o the_o army_n that_o be_v with_o he_o remote_a from_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o troop_n and_o the_o baggage_n the_o better_a to_o cover_v and_o defend_v they_o from_o danger_n who_o be_v hardly_o able_a in_o all_o that_o night_n with_o great_a labour_n to_o compass_v their_o passage_n through_o the_o valley_n in_o the_o morning_n the_o enemy_n be_v now_o retire_v hannibal_n join_v his_o army_n and_o baggage_n and_o advance_v towards_o the_o top_n of_o the_o alps_n after_o this_o the_o gaul_n attempt_v no_o more_o to_o attack_v they_o in_o body_n but_o in_o small_a party_n and_o with_o less_o ardour_n than_o before_o nevertheless_o fall_v sometime_o on_o the_o van_n sometime_o on_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n they_o seldom_o fail_v of_o make_v some_o spoil_n of_o the_o baggage_n the_o elephant_n happen_v to_o be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o these_o conflict_n for_o wheresoever_o they_o chance_v to_o appear_v they_o so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o the_o army_n march_v by_o that_o mean_n with_o much_o less_o molestation_n in_o nine_o day_n after_o this_o hannibal_n gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n where_o he_o halt_v two_o day_n be_v willing_a to_o give_v some_o repose_n to_o such_o of_o his_o army_n as_o be_v come_v thus_o far_o without_o wound_n or_o sickness_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n that_o be_v yet_o behind_o during_o this_o stay_n many_o horse_n and_o beast_n of_o carriage_n which_o have_v fall_v and_o stray_v out_o of_o the_o way_n come_v in_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n follow_v the_o track_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o the_o beholder_n but_o whereas_o the_o snow_n be_v yet_o great_a in_o the_o mountain_n winter_n not_o be_v there_o quite_o over_o hannibal_n perceive_v his_o soldier_n to_o be_v somewhat_o discourage_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o suffering_n they_o have_v already_o feel_v and_o out_o of_o apprehension_n of_o what_o yet_o threaten_v they_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o be_v assemble_v to_o the_o end_n he_o may_v speak_v to_o they_o and_o inspire_v they_o with_o new_a resolution_n which_o he_o can_v no_o way_n better_a effect_n than_o by_o give_v they_o a_o view_n and_o prospect_n of_o italy_n which_o in_o a_o word_n lie_v so_o fair_o to_o the_o eye_n spread_v and_o extend_v itself_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o mountain_n that_o nature_n seem_v to_o have_v design_v they_o as_o a_o rampart_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v it_o so_o he_o give_v they_o a_o survey_n of_o the_o champaign_n country_n that_o spread_v itself_o all_o about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o give_v they_o to_o understand_v how_o welcome_a they_o shall_v be_v to_o the_o people_n that_o inhabit_a it_o he_o point_v out_o likewise_o to_o they_o whereabout_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n stand_v and_o by_o this_o artifice_n animate_v his_o harassed_a army_n the_o day_n follow_v he_o decamp_v and_o begin_v to_o descend_v the_o mountain_n and_o now_o see_v no_o more_o of_o the_o enemy_n to_o molest_v they_o in_o their_o march_n save_v some_o small_a scatter_a party_n who_o rather_o await_v occasion_n how_o to_o steal_v than_o to_o fight_v howbeit_o hannibal_n loss_n be_v not_o lessen_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a snow_n and_o the_o exceed_a bad_a march_n they_o have_v have_v which_o much_o weaken_a the_o army_n nor_o be_v their_o passage_n much_o better_a in_o the_o descent_n for_o what_o with_o the_o straight_o steep_a and_o slippery_a way_n and_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o snow_n the_o soldier_n know_v not_o where_o to_o set_v his_o foot_n with_o safety_n for_o whenever_o they_o slip_v they_o be_v in_o danger_n of_o be_v lose_v and_o swallow_v up_o in_o the_o depth_n and_o precipice_n which_o lay_v hide_v and_o cover_v by_o the_o snow_n nevertheless_o the_o long_a practice_n in_o those_o hardship_n and_o danger_n teach_v they_o to_o suffer_v all_o with_o constancy_n but_o at_o length_n come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o neither_o their_o elephant_n nor_o horse_n can_v pass_v the_o way_n which_o be_v very_o steep_a before_o be_v now_o by_o the_o fall_n away_o of_o some_o of_o the_o earth_n become_v more_o difficult_a renew_v their_o fear_n which_o be_v manifest_a over_o the_o whole_a army_n upon_o this_o accident_n hannibal_n take_v a_o resolution_n to_o attempt_v another_o way_n by_o take_v a_o compass_n about_o those_o mountain_n though_o there_o be_v no_o appearance_n of_o any_o passage_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o great_a snow_n render_v that_o resolution_n too_o hazardous_a all_o place_n be_v cover_v and_o hide_v from_o the_o view_n he_o therefore_o change_v his_o purpose_n in_o the_o interim_n there_o have_v fall_v much_o new_a snow_n on_o that_o which_o remain_v of_o the_o winter_n before_o this_o last_o be_v loose_a and_o not_o yet_o deep_a yield_v firm_a footing_n enough_o to_o the_o soldier_n but_o this_o be_v no_o soon_o trample_v on_o but_o it_o dissolve_v into_o dirt_n and_o mire_n whereby_o the_o snow_n of_o last_o year_n be_v freeze_v under_o it_o it_o become_v impossible_a to_o march_v thereon_o any_o more_o than_o on_o ice_n itself_o none_o be_v able_a to_o keep_v their_o foot_n and_o when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o sustain_v themselves_o on_o their_o hand_n and_o knee_n they_o often_o slide_v and_o be_v lose_v in_o pit_n and_o precipice_n when_o their_o horse_n at_o any_o time_n slip_v they_o by_o their_o weight_n and_o labour_v break_v the_o ice_n under_o they_o and_o so_o become_v bury_v and_o freeze_v to_o death_n whereupon_o hannibal_n now_o desperate_a of_o obtain_v his_o passage_n that_o way_n encamp_v his_o army_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o this_o pass_n after_o he_o have_v first_o order_v the_o snow_n to_o be_v remove_v which_o cover_v all_o the_o ground_n and_o then_o by_o the_o labour_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o wrought_v into_o the_o hill_n itself_o and_o by_o unspeakable_a pain_n make_v his_o passage_n at_o length_n through_o it_o so_o in_o one_o day_n he_o make_v way_n for_o his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o pass_v which_o immediate_o march_v on_o and_o now_o decamp_v the_o army_n he_o send_v his_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n to_o forage_v and_o recruit_v themselves_o as_o they_o can_v come_v at_o pasture_n where_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o cover_v with_o snow_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o order_v the_o numidian_n to_o make_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o elephant_n which_o cost_v they_o three_o day_n labour_v with_o great_a difficulty_n to_o effect_v but_o at_o length_n they_o make_v way_n for_o those_o animal_n which_o have_v suffer_v much_o and_o be_v almost_o dead_a with_o hunger_n for_o there_o be_v neither_o forage_n nor_o tree_n to_o be_v find_v on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o alps_n nor_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n the_o ground_n lie_v ever_o cover_v with_o snow_n winter_n and_o summer_n but_o the_o low_a ground_n on_o all_o side_n produce_v wood_n and_o covert_n and_o there_o be_v no_o place_n thereabouts_o that_o be_v not_o habitable_a after_o hannibal_n have_v unite_v his_o troop_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n and_o in_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n get_v past_o these_o difficult_a and_o incommodious_a place_n whereof_o we_o have_v give_v a_o account_n and_o recover_v the_o plain_n howbeit_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o great_a number_n of_o his_o people_n for_o many_o fall_v by_o the_o enemy_n many_o be_v drown_v in_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o many_o of_o sickness_n and_o the_o hardship_n of_o their_o march_n to_o and_o over_o the_o alps_n and_o as_o he_o lose_v many_o man_n so_o his_o loss_n of_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n of_o burden_n be_v yet_o much_o great_a in_o a_o word_n after_o a_o march_n of_o five_o month_n from_o his_o departure_n from_o new-carthage_n and_o fifteen_o day_n passage_n over_o the_o alps_n he_o bold_o advance_v into_o the_o champaign_n country_n lie_v about_o the_o river_n po_n and_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o of_o the_o troop_n that_o march_v out_o with_o he_o there_o now_o remain_v of_o african_n about_o twelve_o thousand_o eight_o thousand_o spaniard_n and_o six_o thousand_o horse_n according_a to_o his_o own_o register_n leave_v by_o he_o engrave_v on_o the_o column_n at_o lacinium_n which_o specify_v that_o number_n about_o this_o time_n publius_n cornelius_n who_o have_v leave_v his_o troop_n with_o cneius_n his_o brother_n to_o prosecute_v the_o war_n against_o asdrubal_n in_o spain_n embark_v for_o pisa_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v through_o tuscany_n join_v the_o army_n of_o the_o praetor_n who_o be_v in_o service_n in_o that_o country_n against_o the_o boian_o with_o these_o he_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o the_o po_n where_o he_o encamp_v with_o design_n to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n with_o
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the_o motion_n of_o the_o roman_n send_v his_o numidian_n in_o pursuit_n of_o they_o after_o these_o march_v the_o whole_a horse_n of_o the_o army_n and_o himself_o with_o the_o gross_a soon_o follow_v they_o the_o numidian_n come_v to_o the_o roman_n camp_n and_o find_v it_o empty_a stay_v to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n which_o great_o avail_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o retreat_n for_o the_o horse_n but_o for_o this_o delay_n cause_v by_o the_o numidian_n have_v certain_o overtake_v the_o roman_n before_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o plain_n in_o which_o case_n they_o undoubted_o have_v be_v very_o much_o expose_v but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o roman_a army_n have_v now_o time_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o trebia_n the_o enemy_n come_v short_a have_v only_o the_o occasion_n leave_v they_o of_o attacking_z their_o rearguard_n whereof_o some_o be_v slay_v and_o other_o make_v prisoner_n scipio_n then_o have_v thus_o compass_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n encamp_v i_o say_v on_o high_a ground_n not_o far_o from_o it_o and_o entrench_v himself_o there_o attended_z the_o come_n of_o tiberius_n and_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v with_o he_o use_v all_o possible_a care_n and_o skill_n to_o get_v well_o of_o his_o wound_n that_o he_o may_v be_v in_o a_o state_n to_o give_v the_o enemy_n speedy_a battle_n but_o hannibal_n arrive_v two_o day_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v the_o river_n draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o view_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o not_o be_v dispose_v to_o engage_v he_o he_o march_v away_o and_o encamp_v six_o mile_n off_o the_o gaul_n who_o have_v now_o recover_v courage_n by_o the_o hope_n he_o have_v give_v they_o supply_v he_o with_o provision_n in_o abundance_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o of_o which_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n be_v determine_v to_o share_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o all_o that_o shall_v befall_v they_o when_o the_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o horse_n they_o be_v astonish_v at_o the_o account_n of_o the_o 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there_o be_v often_o sound_a in_o such_o plain_n rise_v ground_n and_o eminence_n sit_v to_o cover_v and_o conceal_v man_n nor_o be_v there_o hardly_o any_o river_n or_o brook_n so_o small_a that_o have_v not_o some_o kind_n of_o selter_n on_o the_o bank_n that_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n cover_v too_o with_o shrub_n and_o bramble_n and_o the_o like_a under-wood_n where_o foot_n may_v be_v very_o easy_o conceal_v and_o even_o horse_n also_o with_o a_o little_a care_n by_o ground_v their_o arm_n which_o be_v otherwise_o discover_v at_o a_o distance_n after_o hannibal_n then_o have_v hold_v a_o council_n of_o war_n where_o his_o brother_n mago_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o principal_a officer_n be_v present_a to_o deliberate_v about_o the_o battle_n which_o they_o expect_v will_v be_v speedy_o seek_v where_o they_o all_o approve_v of_o what_o he_o have_v therein_o propose_v and_o while_o the_o army_n refresh_v themselves_o he_o take_v his_o brother_n to_o confer_v with_o apart_o 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order_n be_v execute_v hannibal_n out_o of_o these_o draw_v out_o a_o thousand_o horse_n and_o the_o like_a number_n of_o foot_n with_o instruction_n to_o mago_n how_o to_o put_v his_o order_n in_o execution_n and_o then_o privy_o dispatch_v they_o away_o during_o the_o night_n accompany_v with_o proper_a guide_n to_o the_o place_n of_o ambush_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n hannibal_n assemble_v all_o his_o numidian_n a_o hardy_a and_o indesatigable_a people_n these_o after_o he_o have_v well_o encourage_v and_o fair_o promise_v to_o each_o one_o reward_n in_o proportion_n to_o his_o merit_n he_o command_v to_o march_v out_o and_o brave_a the_o enemy_n in_o the_o camp_n with_o direction_n that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v draw_v out_o to_o engage_v they_o and_o they_o have_v begin_v to_o pickeer_n that_o they_o shall_v then_o retire_v back_o over_o the_o river_n his_o design_n be_v lay_v to_o surprise_v the_o roman_n into_o a_o battle_n fast_v and_o not_o so_o well_o prepare_v for_o the_o business_n as_o they_o ought_v then_o he_o direct_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n after_o his_o usual_a exhortation_n to_o take_v a_o good_a repast_n and_o be_v ready_a under_o their_o arm_n and_o with_o their_o horse_n ready_a to_o march_v sempronius_z the_o next_o morning_n no_o soon_o see_v the_o numidian_n approach_v when_o he_o command_v out_o the_o roman_a horse_n with_o order_n to_o attack_v they_o to_o sustain_v these_o he_o order_v out_o six_o thousand_o darter_n and_o at_o length_n march_v the_o whole_a army_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n for_o he_o have_v conceive_v such_o a_o assurance_n in_o the_o number_n he_o have_v and_o be_v become_v so_o bold_a by_o his_o late_a success_n that_o he_o reckon_v the_o show_n only_o of_o such_o a_o body_n of_o man_n will_v go_v far_o towards_o a_o victory_n and_o now_o it_o may_v be_v note_v that_o as_o the_o winter_n be_v not_o yet_o quite_o past_a so_o the_o day_n be_v snowy_a and_o very_a cold_a furthermore_o the_o roman_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n have_v be_v make_v to_o march_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n most_o of_o they_o fast_v insomuch_o as_o the_o same_o army_n that_o take_v the_o field_n so_o forward_o begin_v soon_o to_o shrink_v for_o when_o they_o come_v to_o ford_n the_o river_n which_o be_v much_o swell_v with_o the_o rain_n of_o the_o night_n before_o the_o water_n be_v breast-high_a so_o that_o the_o roman_n thus_o contend_v at_o once_o with_o hunger_n and_o cold_a for_o the_o day_n be_v now_o well_o advance_v begin_v to_o sink_v in_o their_o courage_n and_o abate_v in_o their_o strength_n while_o the_o carthaginian_n on_o the_o contrary_n have_v take_v a_o plentiful_a repast_n in_o their_o tent_n and_o be_v well_o fortify_v with_o meat_n and_o drink_n and_o have_v anoint_v their_o body_n before_o they_o put_v on_o their_o arms._n hannibal_n who_o have_v long_o wait_v the_o occasion_n see_v the_o enemy_n now_o over_o the_o river_n order_v the_o baleares_n to_o advance_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o thousand_o man_n to_o sustain_v they_o and_o have_v march_v about_o a_o mile_n from_o his_o camp_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o battalion_n his_o line_n of_o foot_n consist_v of_o spaniard_n gaul_n and_o african_n amount_v to_o about_o twenty_o thousand_o his_o horse_n which_o he_o place_v on_o the_o wing_n to_o above_o ten_o thousand_o comprehend_v those_o which_o have_v be_v send_v by_o the_o gaul_n his_o confederate_n his_o elephant_n he_o place_v advance_v before_o the_o two_o point_n of_o the_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n sempronius_n order_v a_o retreat_n to_o be_v found_v to_o draw_v off_o his_o horse_n who_o be_v total_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o against_o this_o new_a enemy_n with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o do_v for_o they_o engage_v against_o numidian_n who_o way_n be_v to_o retreat_v in_o haste_n and_o to_o break_v and_o disperse_v themselves_o and_o to_o rally_v again_o with_o ease_n and_o return_v bold_o to_o the_o charge_n when_o they_o be_v least_o expect_v which_o be_v the_o numidian_a manner_n of_o sight_v as_o to_o the_o foot_n tiberius_n have_v draw_v they_o up_o after_o the_o roman_a order_n there_o march_v in_o this_o expedition_n sixteen_o thousand_o roman_a foot_n and_o twenty_o thousand_o of_o the_o ally_n for_o when_o ever_o their_o army_n represent_v as_o one_o may_v say_v the_o body_n of_o the_o republic_n and_o that_o both_o the_o consul_n join_v their_o troop_n on_o any_o press_a occasion_n the_o roman_a army_n consist_v of_o that_o number_n in_o short_a sempromus_n post_v his_o horse_n on_o the_o wing_n amount_v to_o about_o four_o thousand_o and_o with_o a_o proud_a port_n and_o slow_a motion_n advance_v in_o good_a order_n against_o the_o enemy_n the_o two_o army_n now_o draw_v near_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n who_o be_v advance_v a_o good_a distance_n before_o the_o line_n of_o battle_n begin_v the_o fight_n it_o be_v visible_a from_o the_o begin_n that_o the_o roman_n fight_v with_o disadvantage_n and_o that_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o carthaginian_n have_v every_o thing_n conspire_v in_o their_o favour_n for_o the_o romaâ—_n darter_n who_o have_v be_v harass_v all_o the_o morning_n till_o then_o have_v spend_v almost_o all_o their_o ammunition_n against_o the_o numidian_n and_o what_o remain_v be_v now_o wet_a and_o spoil_v their_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n be_v not_o in_o a_o much_o better_a condition_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n superior_a for_o come_v into_o the_o battle_n fresh_a and_o vigorous_a they_o perform_v their_o duty_n more_o cheerful_o and_o with_o great_a readiness_n obey_v the_o order_n of_o their_o leader_n wherefore_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o have_v secure_v the_o retreat_n of_o their_o light-armed_a troop_n and_o the_o advance_a party_n that_o begin_v the_o battle_n and_o their_o gross_a and_o heavy-armed_a troop_n come_v to_o engage_v the_o roman_n not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o first_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n which_o not_o only_o outnumbered_a they_o but_o be_v likewise_o in_o better_a plight_n as_o be_v note_v beat_v they_o from_o their_o post_n so_o that_o leave_v the_o flank_n of_o their_o foot_n now_o uncover_v the_o carthaginian_a pike_n and_o a_o party_n of_o numidian_n who_o be_v post_v near_o their_o companion_n and_o have_v out-marched_a the_o rest_n of_o the_o body_n fall_v on_o the_o point_n of_o the_o roman_n battle_n who_o they_o so_o hard_o press_v that_o they_o disable_v they_o from_o make_v head_n against_o those_o who_o charge_v they_o in_o front_n nevertheless_o their_o heavy-armed_a troop_n every_o where_o in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o rank_n fight_v it_o at_o hand_n for_o a_o while_n with_o doubtful_a bravery_n but_o the_o ambush_n of_o numidian_n
ally_n who_o though_o they_o be_v likewise_o prisoner_n be_v use_v however_o with_o all_o possible_a humanity_n these_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v assemble_v where_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o have_v undertake_v a_o voyage_n into_o italy_n not_o to_o molest_v or_o make_v war_n on_o they_o but_o to_o fight_v their_o battle_n against_o the_o roman_n and_o remonstrate_v to_o they_o that_o if_o they_o know_v how_o to_o consult_v their_o own_o good_a they_o will_v do_v well_o to_o court_v his_o friendship_n that_o his_o chief_a end_n be_v to_o restore_v liberty_n to_o the_o italian_n and_o to_o re-establish_a the_o inhabitant_n in_o the_o town_n and_o village_n who_o the_o roman_n have_v injurious_o dispossess_v after_o this_o he_o dismiss_v they_o and_o order_v they_o all_o to_o be_v enlarge_v ransom-free_a the_o better_a thereby_o to_o engage_v the_o people_n of_o italy_n to_o his_o party_n and_o to_o alienate_v they_o from_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o animate_v such_o against_o they_o to_o 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notice_n that_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o gaul_n be_v not_o very_o well_o satisfy_v that_o their_o country_n shall_v continue_v to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o war_n and_o that_o the_o army_n be_v dispose_v to_o follow_v he_o everywhere_o and_o impatient_o desire_v to_o march_v into_o the_o enemy_n country_n for_o the_o hatred_n they_o pretend_v to_o the_o roman_n while_o in_o truth_n their_o thirst_n of_o booty_n be_v at_o the_o bottom_n think_v it_o time_n to_o move_v out_o of_o his_o winter-quarter_n to_o gratify_v the_o desire_n of_o the_o army_n according_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o wether_n favour_v his_o design_n and_o he_o have_v be_v thorough_o instruct_v in_o the_o way_n he_o propose_v to_o march_v resolve_v to_o shun_v the_o common_a road_n as_o be_v too_o long_o and_o too_o well_o know_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o conclude_v that_o though_o the_o way_n through_o the_o low_a fenny_a country_n into_o tuscany_n be_v the_o most_o difficult_a yet_o be_v the_o short_a cut_n and_o that_o flaminius_n will_v be_v astonish_v at_o so_o hardy_a a_o attempt_n he_o therefore_o who_o be_v ever_o incline_v to_o suchlike_a erterprise_n determine_v to_o take_v his_o passage_n that_o way_n but_o it_o be_v no_o soon_o bruit_v in_o the_o army_n that_o the_o general_n have_v take_v that_o resolution_n when_o every_o one_o show_v his_o own_o share_n of_o fear_n for_o so_o hazardous_a a_o march_n through_o a_o country_n lie_v for_o the_o most_o part_n under-water_n and_o full_a of_o conceal_a pit_n and_o precipice_n nevertheless_o hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v well_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o march_v be_v now_o satisfy_v that_o albeit_o the_o way_n be_v wet_a and_o marshy_a yet_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o at_o bottom_n cause_v the_o army_n to_o march_v the_o van_n he_o give_v to_o the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n and_o appoint_v the_o care_n of_o the_o baggage_n to_o the_o best_a and_o most_o useful_a man_n in_o the_o army_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v they_o may_v have_v every_o thing_n at_o hand_n of_o which_o they_o can_v stand_v in_o need_n for_o in_o their_o other_o march_n he_o take_v little_a or_o no_o care_n for_o the_o transport_v of_o provision_n along_o with_o he_o take_v for_o grant_v that_o if_o they_o be_v vanquish_v they_o shall_v need_v none_o and_o that_o if_o they_o overcome_v and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o country_n wherever_o they_o come_v all_o thing_n will_v be_v provide_v for_o they_o the_o gaul_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n and_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o hannibal_n order_v mago_n to_o have_v a_o vigilant_a be_v to_o keep_v the_o soldier_n from_o straggle_a and_o to_o march_v the_o army_n in_o their_o order_n apprehensive_a lest_o the_o gaul_n especial_o who_o sloth_n and_o impatience_n of_o labour_n he_o very_o well_o know_v shall_v through_o the_o travail_n of_o so_o hard_a a_o march_n be_v tempt_v to_o return_v back_o by_o the_o way_n they_o come_v wherefore_o he_o horse_n be_v so_o post_v that_o they_o may_v compel_v those_o to_o march_v who_o otherwise_o may_v be_v dispose_v to_o desert_n the_o service_n the_o spaniard_n and_o african_n then_o advaneed_a into_o the_o fen_n where_o none_o before_o have_v ever_o adventure_v to_o go_v and_o bear_v their_o part_n with_o cheerfulness_n they_o be_v a_o robu_v people_n and_o harden_v to_o the_o like_a toilsome_a exercise_n but_o it_o fare_v not_o so_o with_o the_o gaul_n who_o march_v not_o but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n for_o the_o ground_n have_v be_v potch_v and_o break_v by_o those_o who_o march_v in_o the_o van_n they_o often_o sell_v and_o be_v not_o able_a to_o keep_v their_o leg_n it_o be_v very_o difficult_a fort_n they_o to_o support_v that_o kind_n of_o travel_n to_o which_o they_o bid_v never_o be_v accustom_a nor_o have_v they_o any_o hope_n of_o remedy_n by_o return_v back_o the_o horse_n be_v post_v to_o hinder_v they_o in_o a_o word_n the_o whole_a army_n suffer_v unspeakable_a hardship_n in_o this_o march_n and_o what_o be_v most_o troublesome_a they_o be_v foree_v to_o pass_v four_o day_n and_o night_n without_o sleep_n march_v constant_o in_o water_n but_o to_o the_o gaul_n it_o be_v most_o grievous_a the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o other_o beast_n be_v lose_v by_o the_o way_n fall_v and_o stick_v in_o the_o mud_n and_o mire_n which_o yet_o prove_v in_o some_o sort_n a_o relief_n to_o the_o soldier_n for_o lie_v with_o their_o burden_n in_o the_o way_n above_o water_n they_o pass_v over_o they_o dry-shod_a and_o often_o make_v use_n of_o they_o to_o repose_v on_o for_o some_o short_a space_n the_o hooss_n of_o many_o of_o their_o horse_n that_o escape_v drop_v off_o through_o so_o long_a a_o journey_n in_o the_o water_n and_o fenny_a ground_n hannibal_n himself_o who_o be_v earry_v by_o the_o only_a elephant_n that_o be_v leave_v share_v a_o severe_a part_n of_o the_o hardship_n of_o the_o journey_n for_o be_v before_o much_o afflict_a with_o a_o defluxion_n in_o his_o eye_n his_o malady_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o he_o lose_v one_o entire_o by_o the_o way_n for_o want_v of_o time_n and_o convenient_a place_n to_o attend_v his_o cure_n after_o the_o army_n to_o the_o wonder_n of_o all_o the_o world_n have_v pass_v the_o fen_n hannibal_n be_v inform_v that_o flaminius_n be_v post_v near_o arrezzo_n he_o lead_v his_o army_n as_o soon_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v into_o the_o upland_n country_n as_o well_o to_o refresh_v and_o repose_v his_o man_n as_o to_o inform_v himself_o of_o the_o enemy_n purpose_n and_o of_o the_o course_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o after_o he_o have_v be_v tell_v that_o the_o territory_n be_v rich_a and_o that_o there_o be_v much_o plunder_n to_o be_v get_v that_o flaminius_n be_v more_o a_o orator_n than_o a_o soldier_n that_o though_o he_o have_v the_o gift_n of_o persuasion_n he_o be_v total_o to_o seek_v in_o military_a matter_n and_o that_o furthermore_o he_o be_v proud_a and_o grow_v confident_a of_o his_o number_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n he_o therefore_o conclude_v that_o if_o he_o can_v by_o any_o mean_n march_v by_o he_o and_o get_v into_o the_o country_n beyond_o he_o that_o this_o consul_n not_o able_a to_o suffer_v the_o clamour_n and_o reproach_n of_o the_o countrypeople_n will_v be_v draw_v to_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o hinder_v he_o from_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o that_o in_o short_a he_o will_v be_v draw_v into_o great_a assurance_n and_o negligence_n and_o endeavour_v to_o attack_v the_o carthaginian_n at_o any_o rate_n and_o follow_v they_o whithersoever_o they_o shall_v lead_v he_o and_o that_o impatient_a to_o
share_v the_o sole_a honour_n of_o the_o victory_n he_o will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o his_o colleague_n in_o short_a he_o collect_v by_o all_o these_o circumstance_n that_o flaminius_n be_v likely_a to_o afford_v he_o many_o occasion_n to_o surprise_n he_o and_o lay_v ambush_n in_o his_o way_n to_o gall_n and_o molest_v he_o and_o in_o truth_n he_o be_v not_o mistake_v in_o the_o judgement_n he_o have_v make_v of_o this_o consul_n and_o most_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o they_o think_v very_o wide_a of_o the_o truth_n who_o conceive_v that_o to_o acquire_v a_o right_a knowledge_n and_o take_v just_a measure_n of_o the_o humour_n and_o character_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o be_v not_o among_o the_o prime_a quality_n and_o duty_n of_o a_o general_n for_o as_o not_o only_a when_o we_o fight_v man_n to_o man_n but_o when_o one_o rank_n charge_v another_o he_o who_o think_v of_o victory_n ought_v with_o exact_a care_n to_o observe_v what_o naked_a or_o weak_a part_n the_o enemy_n discover_v whereby_o to_o compass_v his_o end_n in_o like_a manner_n those_o who_o have_v the_o lead_v of_o army_n in_o time_n of_o war_n aught_o with_o skill_n and_o address_v to_o penetrate_v and_o discover_v the_o weak_a side_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o that_o captain_n with_o who_o he_o have_v to_o do_v for_o there_o be_v those_o who_o by_o a_o unaccountable_a kind_n of_o imbecility_n and_o a_o thoughtfulness_n which_o infect_v all_o the_o action_n of_o life_n be_v not_o only_o remiss_a in_o their_o public_a administration_n but_o forget_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o duty_n of_o their_o private_a affair_n some_o be_v so_o abandon_v to_o the_o use_n of_o wine_n that_o neglect_v nature_n invitation_n to_o repose_v they_o become_v at_o length_n unable_a to_o sleep_v otherwise_o than_o by_o the_o fume_n of_o excessive_a drink_v other_o be_v captivate_v by_o love_n who_o have_v not_o only_o thereby_o sacrifice_v the_o safety_n of_o city_n and_o great_a state_n but_o have_v themselves_o pay_v down_o their_o own_o life_n with_o infamy_n cowardice_n and_o a_o base_a mind_n be_v fault_n throughout_o the_o world_n but_o most_o capital_a in_o a_o general_n they_o be_v blemish_n to_o every_o private_a man_n wherever_o they_o be_v find_v and_o mark_v he_o with_o reproach_n but_o in_o the_o leader_n of_o a_o army_n they_o be_v a_o public_a curse_n and_o calamity_n for_o in_o short_a they_o be_v not_o only_o the_o cause_n of_o army_n languish_v in_o sloth_n and_o idleness_n without_o ever_o enter_v on_o action_n but_o they_o themselves_o who_o rely_v on_o such_o leader_n be_v often_o lead_v into_o precipice_n and_o inextricable_a danger_n rashness_n passion_n pride_n and_o vainglory_n be_v all_o so_o many_o inlet_n to_o the_o enemy_n success_n lead_v man_n as_o it_o be_v and_o subject_v they_o to_o the_o triumph_n of_o their_o foe_n and_o hurry_v their_o friend_n and_o those_o who_o trust_v they_o to_o perdition_n for_o such_o man_n be_v always_o expose_v to_o the_o train_n and_o stratagem_n of_o their_o enemy_n wherefore_o he_o who_o wise_o study_v and_o attain_v a_o right_a knowledge_n of_o the_o frailty_n and_o weak-side_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o attack_n he_o there_o by_o vanquish_a the_o leader_n will_v soon_o be_v master_n both_o of_o the_o general_n and_o his_o army_n for_o as_o a_o vessel_n that_o have_v once_o lose_v her_o pilot_n be_v not_o long_o able_a to_o dispute_v it_o with_o a_o enemy_n and_o by_o take_v he_o we_o soon_o become_v master_n of_o all_o that_o be_v under_o his_o charge_n so_o in_o war_n where_o the_o one_o general_n be_v superior_a in_o cunning_a or_o military_a ability_n to_o the_o other_o he_o shall_v also_o render_v his_o army_n superior_a to_o his_o enemy_n thus_o in_o a_o word_n our_o wise_a african_a have_v take_v a_o scantling_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v capacity_n come_v at_o length_n to_o gain_v his_o point_n after_o hannibal_n have_v decamp_v from_o about_o fesulé_n and_o have_v march_v by_o and_o get_v some_o distance_n beyond_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o sell_v on_o their_o frontier_n whereupon_o the_o consul_n become_v enrage_v to_o be_v thus_o contemn_v as_o he_o conceive_v but_o hannibal_n have_v no_o soon_o begin_v to_o spoil_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n and_o the_o smoke_n which_o appear_v every_o where_n from_o far_o make_v it_o manifest_v that_o he_o be_v burn_v and_o destroy_v all_o before_o he_o flaminius_n can_v not_o then_o abstain_v from_o tear_n nevertheless_o when_o any_o undertake_v to_o advise_v that_o it_o will_v be_v the_o safe_a course_n however_o not_o to_o follow_v and_o engage_v temerarious_o with_o the_o enemy_n nor_o to_o come_v too_o hasty_o and_o without_o mature_a deliberation_n ration_n to_o a_o battle_n with_o a_o army_n so_o much_o superior_a to_o they_o in_o horse_n and_o above_o all_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o attend_v the_o come_n of_o the_o other_o consul_n and_o not_o adventure_v on_o action_n till_o all_o their_o troop_n be_v incorporate_v he_o lend_v so_o deaf_a a_o ear_n to_o these_o counsel_n that_o he_o have_v not_o patience_n so_o much_o as_o to_o hear_v they_o demand_v of_o those_o who_o thus_o advise_v he_o what_o they_o think_v the_o people_n of_o rome_n will_v say_v of_o he_o shall_v he_o permit_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n up_o to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n while_o he_o remain_v in_o tuscany_n a_o idle_a spectator_n of_o the_o desolation_n of_o his_o country_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n without_o attempt_v any_o thing_n wherefore_o he_o decamp_v and_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o march_v and_o without_o regard_n to_o season_n or_o situation_n think_v on_o nothing_o but_o how_o he_o may_v come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n as_o if_o victory_n be_v the_o thing_n of_o all_o other_o he_o least_o doubt_v and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o have_v possess_v the_o army_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o expectation_n of_o success_n that_o there_o be_v see_v more_o camp-wenche_n and_o the_o rake_v holy_a equipage_n of_o boy_n a_o vagabond_n follow_v the_o army_n than_o there_o be_v soldier_n who_o bare_a arm_n and_o all_o this_o rabble_n bring_v with_o they_o chain_n and_o shackle_n to_o secure_v the_o prisoner_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n lead_v his_o army_n through_o tuscany_n on_o that_o quarter_n that_o lie_v towards_o rome_n leave_v the_o city_n of_o corone_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n on_o his_o left-hand_a and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o lake_n thrasimene_n and_o the_o more_o to_o provoke_v the_o roman_n he_o sack_v and_o destroy_v all_o the_o town_n that_o lay_v in_o his_o march_n and_o do_v they_o all_o the_o other_o mischief_n that_o be_v the_o product_n of_o the_o cruel_a war._n but_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o flaminius_n and_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o ground_n proper_a to_o put_v his_o design_n in_o execution_n he_o resolve_v to_o delay_v sight_v no_o long_o the_o ground_n he_o have_v choose_v lie_v thus_o there_o be_v a_o tract_n of_o plain_a even_a ground_n stretch_v out_o in_o length_n a_o good_a distance_n this_o level_n or_o vale_n lay_v between_o and_o be_v enclose_v on_o both_o side_n with_o high_a mountain_n the_o far_a end_n thereof_o be_v bound_v by_o a_o inaccessible_a eminence_n and_o the_o entrance_n border_v on_o a_o lake_n between_o which_o and_o the_o say_a mountain_n there_o be_v a_o very_a narrow_a way_n or_o defile_v which_o lead_v into_o the_o plain_a hannibal_n then_o have_v pass_v into_o the_o plain_a by_o that_o straight_a take_v first_o possession_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n he_o have_v in_o front_n where_o he_o lodge_v his_o spaniard_n and_o african_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o the_o right_n he_o post_v the_o baleares_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n order_v in_o one_o deep_a file_n and_o post_v the_o gaulish_a horse_n in_o the_o like_a order_n behind_o the_o mountain_n on_o his_o left_a in_o such_o manner_n that_o they_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o defile_v we_o mention_v between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n which_o be_v the_o inlet_n to_o the_o plain_a these_o order_n be_v execute_v in_o the_o night_n and_o hannibal_n have_v thus_o surround_v the_o plain_a he_o remain_v quiet_a make_v show_n of_o a_o desire_n to_o sit_v still_o and_o attempt_v nothing_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n flaminius_n follow_v close_o at_o his_o rear_n eager_o pursue_v his_o determination_n to_o attack_v he_o and_o arrive_v in_o the_o evening_n near_o the_o lake_n thrasimene_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o early_o the_o next_o morning_n march_v with_o his_o vanguard_n along_o the_o vale_n by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o lake_n with_o determination_n to_o fall_v on_o the_o
enemy_n the_o day_n prove_v very_o dark_a and_o lower_a by_o reason_n of_o a_o great_a fog_n that_o be_v rise_v nevertheless_o hannibal_n upon_o notice_n that_o the_o better_a part_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v now_o enter_v on_o the_o plain_a and_o that_o their_o vanguard_n be_v hard_o at_o hand_n give_v the_o signal_n of_o battle_n dispatch_v his_o order_n to_o those_o who_o be_v in_o ambush_n to_o do_v their_o duty_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v on_o the_o sudden_a surround_v and_o at_o once_o attack_v on_o all_o side_n flaminius_z and_o the_o whole_a army_n with_o he_o be_v strike_v with_o astonishment_n at_o this_o surprise_v shock_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o fog_n be_v so_o thick_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o see_v about_o they_o and_o the_o enemy_n fall_v among_o they_o from_o the_o hill_n in_o all_o quarter_n at_o once_o the_o tribunes_z and_o captain_n of_o the_o roman_n can_v not_o discern_v which_o way_n to_o lead_v their_o man_n nor_o how_o to_o bring_v succour_n and_o relief_n where_o it_o be_v want_v and_o be_v in_o a_o word_n total_o to_o seek_v how_o to_o behave_v themselves_o for_o they_o be_v charge_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n in_o front_n flank_n and_o rear_n by_o which_o mean_v great_a number_n be_v slay_v not_o as_o man_n sight_v like_o soldier_n in_o battle_n but_o take_v as_o it_o be_v by_o stealth_n in_o their_o march_n ere_o they_o be_v able_a to_o put_v themselves_o in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n be_v as_o one_o may_v say_v betray_v and_o ensnare_v by_o the_o imprudence_n of_o their_o general_n flaminius_n himself_o now_o destitute_a both_o of_o hope_n and_o resolution_n fall_v among_o a_o party_n of_o gaul_n be_v by_o they_o environ_v and_o slay_v in_o this_o battle_n there_o fall_v on_o the_o part_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o number_n of_o fifteen_o thousand_o who_o be_v so_o beset_v that_o they_o can_v neither_o fight_v nor_o sly_a for_o it_o be_v religious_o observe_v in_o the_o roman_a discipline_n never_o to_o abandon_v their_o rank_n or_o break_v their_o order_n by_o flight_n those_o who_o be_v surprise_v in_o the_o passage_n between_o the_o lake_n and_o the_o mountain_n die_v miserable_o for_o be_v push_v by_o the_o enemy_n into_o the_o lake_n some_o be_v force_v into_o the_o water_n with_o their_o arm_n not_o have_v leisure_n to_o think_v what_o they_o do_v be_v unfortunate_o drown_v other_o be_v the_o great_a part_n enter_v the_o lake_n as_o far_o as_o they_o be_v able_a leave_v nothing_o above_o water_n but_o their_o head_n where_o they_o remain_v a_o while_n till_o the_o horse_n come_v in_o attack_v they_o there_o whereupon_o see_v there_o be_v now_o no_o other_o remedy_n they_o demand_v quarter_n in_o vain_a be_v all_o cut_v off_o those_o who_o be_v not_o slay_v by_o the_o enemy_n kill_v one_o another_o about_o six_o thousand_o who_o be_v well_o advance_v in_o the_o plain_a chance_v to_o have_v the_o better_a of_o the_o enemy_n who_o they_o fight_v with_o in_o front_n but_o in_o regard_n they_o can_v not_o discover_v how_o the_o battle_n go_v they_o know_v not_o whither_o to_o move_v or_o who_o to_o relieve_v though_o it_o have_v be_v in_o their_o power_n to_o have_v do_v much_o towards_o a_o victory_n wherefore_o believe_v they_o may_v light_v on_o some_o further_a occasion_n of_o action_n they_o hold_v on_o their_o march_n advancing_z till_o they_o have_v gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n where_o after_o they_o have_v remain_v a_o while_n and_o the_o fog_n begin_v to_o clear_v up_o behold_v the_o lamentable_a state_n of_o their_o army_n and_o it_o be_v now_o out_o of_o their_o power_n to_o perform_v any_o service_n to_o purpose_n the_o enemy_n be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n they_o make_v good_a their_o retreat_n to_o a_o certain_a town_n in_o tuscany_n but_o the_o battle_n be_v no_o soon_o over_o when_o hannibal_n send_v a_o detachment_n of_o spaniard_n and_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n after_o they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o maherbal_n who_o besiege_v they_o in_o the_o place_n and_o after_o he_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o extremity_n they_o yield_v to_o his_o discretion_n who_o give_v they_o their_o life_n thus_o have_v we_o give_v the_o narrative_a of_o this_o battle_n that_o be_v seek_v in_o tuscany_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o carthaginian_n hannibal_n cause_v maherbal_n prisoner_n to_o who_o quarter_n have_v be_v give_v to_o be_v bring_v before_o he_o together_o with_o the_o rest_n that_o have_v fall_v into_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o number_n of_o fifteen_o thousand_o after_o he_o have_v tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v by_o his_o order_n that_o maherbal_n have_v give_v they_o their_o life_n he_o distribute_v the_o roman_a prisoner_n to_o the_o army_n to_o secure_v they_o under_o a_o good_a guard_n but_o he_o send_v home_o all_o the_o latin_n gratis_o tell_v they_o only_o what_o have_v be_v elsewhere_o note_v that_o he_o be_v not_o come_v to_o invade_v or_o molest_v the_o italian_n but_o to_o rescue_v their_o liberty_n out_o of_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o roman_n after_o this_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n into_o quarter_n of_o refreshment_n and_o solemn_o bury_v thirty_o of_o his_o officer_n who_o have_v be_v slay_v in_o the_o battle_n his_o other_o loss_n be_v inconsiderable_a the_o victory_n not_o cost_v he_o above_o fifteen_o hundred_o man_n whereof_o the_o major_a part_n be_v gaul_n and_o now_o his_o hope_n be_v thus_o just_o raise_v he_o deliberate_v with_o his_o brother_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o friend_n about_o the_o future_a method_n they_o be_v to_o take_v for_o improve_n the_o victory_n they_o have_v gain_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n when_o the_o news_n come_v to_o rome_n of_o this_o defeat_n the_o magistrate_n who_o can_v neither_o soften_v nor_o diminish_v it_o the_o stroke_n have_v fall_v so_o heavy_a assemble_v the_o people_n to_o who_o they_o report_v the_o naked_a truth_n of_o their_o case_n and_o when_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o praetor_n ascend_v the_o tribunal_n pronounce_v these_o word_n we_o be_v overcome_v they_o be_v strike_v with_o such_o terror_n that_o those_o who_o be_v then_o present_a and_o have_v be_v in_o the_o battle_n think_v they_o have_v cause_n to_o believe_v the_o defeat_n be_v great_a in_o rome_n than_o in_o the_o field_n nor_o indeed_o be_v this_o surprise_n without_o reason_n for_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v hold_v so_o long_a a_o possession_n of_o victory_n and_o be_v to_o learn_v the_o mournful_a language_n of_o vanquish_a and_o oppress_v know_v not_o how_o with_o constancy_n to_o support_v a_o affliction_n so_o new_a and_o unexpected_a the_o senate_n only_o preserve_v their_o temper_n with_o decency_n and_o omit_v nothing_o that_o belong_v to_o their_o function_n hold_v frequent_a assembly_n to_o deliberate_v about_o a_o remedy_n for_o the_o disease_n of_o which_o they_o be_v so_o sick_a during_o these_o transaction_n the_o other_o consul_n who_o be_v at_o rimini_n near_o adria_n on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o confine_n of_o italy_n not_o far_o from_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o po_n receive_v intelligence_n that_o hannibal_n be_v advance_v into_o tuscany_n and_o have_v besiege_v flaminius_n in_o his_o camp_n have_v therefore_o resolve_v to_o march_v to_o his_o relief_n and_o join_v their_o troop_n but_o in_o regard_v his_o army_n be_v too_o numerous_a to_o march_v all_o in_o one_o body_n he_o therefore_o pick_v out_o four_o thousand_o horse_n from_o the_o whole_a number_n of_o their_o cavalry_n and_o give_v the_o command_n of_o these_o to_o c._n centronius_n order_v he_o to_o march_v before_o with_o expedition_n in_o order_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o flaminius_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v press_v before_o he_o can_v arrive_v but_o when_o hannibal_n get_v intelligence_n that_o they_o be_v now_o send_v those_o succour_n after_o the_o battle_n be_v lose_v he_o order_v out_o maherbal_n with_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n and_o a_o body_n of_o horse_n to_o encounter_v they_o according_o they_o meet_v with_o centronius_n fight_v with_o he_o and_o beat_v he_o kill_v almost_o half_o his_o man_n on_o the_o place_n and_o force_v the_o rest_n to_o take_v sanctuary_n on_o a_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o the_o next_o day_n they_o fall_v alive_a into_o their_o hand_n it_o be_v but_o three_o day_n ago_o that_o the_o news_n of_o their_o misfortune_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o thrasimene_n come_v to_o rome_n and_o their_o sorrow_n in_o the_o utmost_a ferment_n when_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o measure_n of_o their_o affliction_n the_o news_n of_o this_o their_o last_o defeat_n arrive_v when_o behold_v now_o not_o only_o the_o people_n in_o consternation_n but_o the_o senate_n itself_o become_v sensible_o touch_v whereupon_o they_o think_v it_o needful_a without_o deliberate_v on_o the_o election_n of_o
on_o his_o march_n in_o the_o enemy_n rear_n and_o keep_v always_o near_o he_o ever_o encamp_v on_o proper_a ground_n for_o his_o purpose_n which_o he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o choose_v have_v a_o perfect_a knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v supply_v from_o the_o place_n behind_o he_o with_o what_o he_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o he_o never_o adventure_v his_o soldier_n abroad_o to_o forage_v nor_o permit_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o be_v see_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n wherefore_o be_v enclose_v continual_o within_o their_o rampart_n and_o perpetual_o on_o the_o watch_n to_o spy_v any_o advantage_n by_o the_o mean_v he_o surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o chaneed_a to_o straggle_v any_o distance_n from_o their_o camp_n or_o who_o out_o of_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_n forage_v near_o they_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o diminish_v his_o enemy_n number_n and_o breed_v courage_n and_o assurance_n in_o his_o own_o soldier_n and_o by_o these_o little_a combat_n and_o rencounter_n teach_v they_o to_o recover_v their_o spirit_n which_o be_v much_o sink_v by_o their_o late_a calamity_n whereby_o those_o who_o have_v be_v hitherto_o vanquish_v may_v begin_v not_o to_o despair_v of_o victory_n but_o nothing_o can_v draw_v he_o to_o come_v to_o a_o pitch_a field_n while_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n minutius_n his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n be_v neither_o of_o his_o judgement_n nor_o humour_n for_o he_o lean_v constant_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o multitude_n make_v a_o little_a too_o bold_a with_o the_o dictator_n in_o his_o discourse_n represent_v he_o as_o a_o flow_n and_o bashful_a man_n while_o he_o for_o his_o part_n be_v of_o another_o temper_n ready_a to_o enterprise_v any_o thing_n and_o willing_a to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n after_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o as_o we_o but_o now_o mention_v they_o pass_v the_o apennines_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o sannite_n a_o fertile_a soil_n and_o where_o for_o a_o long_a time_n they_o have_v feel_v nothing_o of_o the_o desolation_n of_o war._n here_o they_o meet_v with_o such_o abundance_n of_o all_o thing_n that_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o they_o to_o consume_v the_o store_n either_o by_o their_o expense_n or_o their_o malice_n they_o plunder_v likewise_o the_o land_n of_o the_o beneventine_n where_o there_o be_v a_o colony_n of_o roman_n and_o take_v the_o city_n of_o venosa_fw-la albeit_o a_o strong_a town_n and_o furnish_v for_o defence_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o roman_n follow_v their_o step_n keep_v within_o a_o day_n march_v or_o two_o at_o most_o of_o they_o but_o approach_v not_o near_o be_v in_o no_o wise_a dispose_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n whereupon_o when_o hannibal_n find_v that_o fabius_n will_v not_o be_v persuade_v to_o fight_v he_o resolve_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o falernum_fw-la a_o town_n in_o the_o territory_n of_o capua_n conclude_v that_o one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n will_v thereby_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v namely_o that_o either_o he_o shall_v compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o give_v he_o battle_n or_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n it_o will_v be_v make_v manifest_a to_o all_o the_o world_n he_o be_v their_o superior_a and_o that_o the_o roman_n want_v resolution_n to_o come_v to_o a_o decision_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o reckon_v that_o the_o town_n and_o city_n will_v be_v terrify_v into_o submission_n and_o to_o abandon_v the_o roman_n for_o notwithstanding_o hannibal_n two_o victory_n there_o be_v not_o yet_o one_o italian_a town_n that_o have_v take_v part_n with_o he_o but_o preserve_v their_o faith_n entire_a to_o the_o roman_n though_o some_o be_v hard_o press_v and_o streighten_v by_o the_o enemy_n from_o whence_o may_v be_v gather_v what_o deference_n and_o veneration_n they_o have_v for_o the_o roman_a government_n nor_o do_v hannibal_n take_v this_o resolution_n rash_o and_o without_o ripe_a deliberation_n for_o the_o champaign_n country_n about_o capua_n be_v the_o best_a part_n of_o the_o rich_a and_o most_o beautiful_a soil_n in_o the_o world_n furthermore_n it_o border_n on_o the_o sea_n by_o which_o italy_n hold_v intercourse_n with_o all_o foreign_a country_n over_o and_o above_o these_o encouragement_n the_o noble_a and_o most_o beautiful_a town_n of_o all_o italy_n be_v find_v here_o namely_o on_o the_o sea-coast_n sinuessa_n cuma_n puzzola_n naples_n and_o nuceria_n on_o the_o frontier_n towards_o the_o west_n calenum_n and_o theano_n towards_o the_o southeast_n apulia_n and_o nola._n capua_n be_v situate_a in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n and_o surpass_v heretofore_o in_o riches_n and_o luxury_n all_o other_o city_n so_o much_o like_o the_o truth_n be_v the_o fable_n that_o be_v record_v of_o this_o delicious_a territory_n know_v likewise_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o phlegraean-field_n with_o those_o fame_v in_o greece_n for_o their_o beauty_n and_o amoenity_n in_o short_a it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v principal_o for_o this_o happy_a country_n that_o the_o god_n once_o contend_v furthermore_o this_o country_n be_v fortify_v by_o nature_n and_o the_o access_n to_o it_o difficult_a for_o on_o the_o one_o hand_n it_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o sea_n and_o on_o the_o other_o by_o a_o chain_n of_o continue_a mountain_n in_o a_o word_n there_o be_v but_o three_o avenue_n to_o it_o and_o these_o very_a straight_a and_o difficult_a over_o the_o say_a mountain_n the_o first_o be_v that_o which_o lead_v to_o samnium_n the_o second_o to_o eribanus_n and_o the_o three_o from_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hirpins_n wherefore_o the_o carthaginian_a be_v not_o without_o hope_n that_o if_o he_o can_v compass_v the_o conquest_n of_o this_o part_n of_o italy_n he_o shall_v be_v able_a from_o thence_o to_o awe_v all_o the_o world_n beside_o and_o bring_v a_o contempt_n on_o his_o fluggish_a enemy_n who_o have_v not_o the_o courage_n to_o forbid_v he_o and_o that_o no_o body_n will_v then_o doubt_v but_o he_o be_v in_o effect_n master_n of_o all_o without_o the_o roman_a retrenchment_n hannibal_n wrought_v on_o by_o these_o reason_n have_v leave_v samnium_n and_o gain_v his_o passage_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o mountain_n call_v eribanus_n he_o encamp_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n athurnus_n which_o divide_v and_o run_v through_o that_o part_n of_o campania_n that_o regard_v italy_n and_o from_o hence_o forage_v and_o make_v devastation_n in_o the_o country_n round_o about_o none_o appear_v to_o impeach_v he_o while_o fabius_n though_o wonder_v at_o the_o temerity_n of_o his_o project_n hold_v the_o fast_a to_o his_o first_o determination_n but_o minutius_n on_o the_o contrary_a and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o army_n persuade_v they_o have_v now_o coop'd-up_a the_o enemy_n become_v very_o instant_a that_o they_o may_v hasten_v their_o march_n into_o campania_n and_o that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v support_v that_o hannibal_n shall_v without_o control_n pillage_n and_o destroy_v the_o best_a and_o most_o flourish_a part_n of_o italy_n whereupon_o fabius_n make_v show_v of_o be_v reason_v into_o their_o opinion_n and_o feign_v to_o be_v as_o forward_o to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n as_o they_o be_v till_o he_o have_v get_v into_o the_o country_n whither_o he_o march_v the_o army_n with_o great_a expedition_n but_o when_o he_o draw_v near_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o falernians_n he_o content_v himself_o with_o bare_o make_v a_o appearance_n with_o his_o army_n along_o the_o mountain_n and_o to_o keep_v pace_n with_o the_o enemy_n fear_v lest_o their_o ally_n shall_v think_v that_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o dread_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n confine_v themselves_o entire_o to_o their_o camp_n nevertheless_o he_o adventure_v not_o into_o the_o plain_a country_n but_o continue_v to_o shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n for_o the_o reason_n already_o render_v and_o for_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n much_o outnumbered_a they_o in_o horse_n wherefore_o after_o hannibal_n have_v challenge_v the_o roman_n by_o all_o sort_n of_o provocation_n and_o indignity_n plunder_v all_o campania_n and_o amass_v a_o mighty_a booty_n he_o begin_v to_o consult_v about_o decamp_v resolve_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o part_v with_o his_o spoil_n but_o to_o convey_v it_o to_o some_o fase_n place_n where_o he_o shall_v keep_v his_o winter-quarter_n to_o the_o end_n his_o army_n may_v not_o only_o have_v a_o present_a enjoyment_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o travail_n but_o a_o prospect_n of_o plenty_n of_o every_o good_a thing_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v fabius_n then_o collect_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o return_v by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v conclude_v to_o waylay_v he_o by_o a_o ambush_n in_o the_o desile_n
or_o pass_v over_o the_o mountain_n he_o therefore_o order_v a_o detachment_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n to_o advance_v and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o say_a pass_n exhort_v they_o to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o the_o occaslion_n and_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o post_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o engagement_n which_o they_o so_o earnest_o and_o so_o long_o desire_v to_o see_v this_o do_v he_o march_v himself_o with_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n and_o possess_v the_o mountain_n that_o command_v the_o say_a passage_n by_o which_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o march_v and_o now_o the_o carthaginian_n advance_v encamp_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n while_o fabius_n be_v not_o in_o hope_n only_o of_o make_v they_o part_n with_o their_o plunder_n but_o that_o if_o fortune_n prove_v never_o so_o little_a his_o friend_n to_o be_v able_a at_o one_o stroke_n to_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n thus_o favour_v as_o he_o be_v by_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o ground_n fabius_n then_o have_v nothing_o so_o much_o in_o his_o thought_n as_o how_o best_a to_o post_n and_o destribute_v his_o troop_n to_o lay_v his_o ambush_n with_o most_o advantage_n who_o principal_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o for_o their_o several_a part_n they_o be_v to_o execute_v and_o where_o first_o to_o begin_v the_o attack_z but_o while_o he_o thus_o stand_v deliberate_v deser_v the_o execution_n to_o the_o next_o morning_n hannibal_n who_o have_v get_v intelligence_n of_o his_o design_n give_v he_o not_o time_n to_o put_v it_o in_o effect_n first_o then_o he_o give_v his_o order_n to_o asdrubal_n who_o have_v the_o general_a charge_n of_o the_o pioner_n and_o workman_n of_o the_o army_n to_o provide_v as_o many_o faggot_n of_o dry_a combustible_a matter_n as_o he_o possible_o can_v procure_v to_o make_v choice_n of_o two_o thousand_o of_o the_o best_a and_o strong_a ox_n as_o can_v be_v pick_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a herd_n of_o plunder_n and_o to_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o certain_a place_n near_o the_o camp_n there_o to_o attend_v his_o further_a command_n this_o do_v he_o cause_v the_o groom_n and_o rabble_n of_o the_o army_n to_o be_v assemble_v and_o point_v to_o they_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n at_o a_o distance_n that_o lie_v between_o the_o camp_n and_o the_o pass_v by_o which_o he_o be_v to_o march_v order_v they_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o shall_v receive_v the_o signal_n that_o shall_v be_v give_v to_o drive_v and_o force_v the_o say_a herd_n of_o cattle_n by_o that_o way_n up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n this_o do_v he_o bid_v the_o army_n to_o take_v their_o supper_n and_o retire_v to_o their_o repose_n and_o about_o the_o three_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o command_v the_o say_a rabble_n to_o bind_v and_o fasten_v the_o faggot_n they_o have_v provide_v to_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o two_o thousand_o oxen._n this_o be_v soon_o do_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a number_n of_o hand_n that_o be_v employ_v he_o then_o order_v the_o faggot_n to_o be_v light_v give_v they_o the_o signal_n to_o march_v and_o drive_v they_o up_o as_o he_o have_v appoint_v he_o order_v likewise_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o and_o a_o while_n to_o encourage_v and_o sustain_v they_o but_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o cattle_n begin_v to_o run_v and_o disperse_v they_o shall_v with_o shouting_n and_o great_a clamour_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o the_o advantageous_a post_n and_o gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o the_o end_n thereby_o to_o cover_v and_o defend_v the_o army_n in_o their_o passage_n through_o the_o defile_v and_o amuse_v and_o divert_v the_o enemy_n in_o case_n they_o find_v they_o there_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n decamp_v lead_v his_o army_n towards_o the_o straight_a by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o march_v the_o vanguard_n consist_v of_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n these_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o horse_n after_o they_o go_v the_o baggage_n and_o booty_n and_o the_o spaniard_n and_o gaul_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o the_o roman_n who_o have_v be_v post_v at_o the_o entry_n of_o the_o pass_n behold_v so_o many_o fire_n wander_v about_o the_o mountain_n take_v it_o for_o grant_v that_o hannibal_n have_v take_v his_o march_n that_o way_n whereupon_o quit_v their_o post_n in_o the_o straight_a they_o march_v with_o expedition_n up_o the_o mountain_n but_o when_o they_o arrive_v and_o see_v nothing_o but_o the_o cattle_n carry_v fire_n on_o their_o head_n they_o grow_v great_o astonish_v and_o be_v strike_v with_o great_a apprehension_n of_o danger_n than_o they_o need_v but_o now_o behold_v hannibal_n on_o his_o march_n who_o have_v already_o gain_v the_o pass_n they_o make_v some_o small_a attempt_n upon_o they_o but_o the_o cattle_n carry_v fire_n on_o their_o head_n cover_v the_o mountain_n and_o mingle_v everywhere_o among_o they_o so_o distract_v they_o that_o they_o conclude_v it_o to_o be_v their_o safe_a course_n to_o keep_v the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o remain_v there_o on_o their_o guard_n till_o morning_n when_o they_o may_v be_v better_a able_a to_o discern_v what_o it_o be_v that_o have_v so_o perplex_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n fabius_n be_v in_o trouble_n to_o understand_v the_o mystery_n of_o so_o many_o fire_n and_o begin_v to_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v no_o other_o than_o what_o it_o real_o be_v namely_o a_o carthaginian_a stratagem_n nevertheless_o mindful_a of_o the_o resolution_n he_o have_v take_v to_o hazard_v nothing_o he_o keep_v his_o army_n within_o their_o work_n and_o resolve_v not_o to_o stir_v till_o morning_n while_o hannibal_n observe_v that_o his_o project_n succeed_v to_o his_o wish_n and_o that_o the_o defile_v remain_v total_o unguarded_v pass_v safe_o with_o his_o army_n and_o his_o plunder_n but_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n observe_v that_o the_o party_n which_o have_v advance_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n be_v in_o danger_n the_o roman_n who_o have_v march_v thither_o in_o the_o night_n out-numbring_a they_o he_o therefore_o send_v a_o party_n of_o spaniard_n to_o sustain_v and_o bring_v they_o off_o who_o fall_v on_o the_o roman_n slay_v about_o a_o thousand_o of_o they_o and_o with_o difficulty_n make_v good_a their_o companion_n retreat_n hannibal_n have_v now_o gain_v his_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o territory_n of_o falernum_fw-la and_o see_v himself_o in_o safety_n begin_v to_o consider_v upon_o winter-quarter_n and_o deliberate_v thereof_o among_o his_o friend_n for_o he_o have_v now_o so_o terrify_v italy_n throughout_o all_o quarter_n that_o the_o whole_a country_n stand_v astonish_v and_o undetermined_a what_o counsel_n to_o take_v insomuch_o that_o fabius_n be_v hold_v in_o great_a contempt_n as_o have_v through_o want_n of_o resolution_n permit_v the_o enemy_n to_o make_v his_o escape_n when_o he_o have_v enclose_v he_o in_o place_n of_o so_o great_a advantage_n yet_o all_o can_v not_o move_v he_o a_o jot_n to_o depart_v from_o the_o method_n he_o have_v propose_v to_o pursue_v contemn_v all_o those_o vain_a report_n and_o the_o opinion_n which_o the_o people_n have_v conceive_v of_o he_o sometime_o after_o fabius_n be_v call_v to_o rome_n to_o officiate_v at_o their_o sacrifice_n he_o commit_v the_o legion_n to_o the_o conduct_n of_o minutius_n enjoin_v he_o above_o all_o thing_n at_o his_o departure_n to_o have_v a_o more_o vigilant_a eye_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o army_n than_o how_o to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n but_o minutius_n be_v so_o deaf_a to_o his_o advice_n that_o even_o while_n fabius_n be_v urge_v those_o safe_a counsel_n he_o be_v meditate_v how_o by_o all_o mean_v possible_a he_o may_v bring_v it_o about_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n this_o be_v the_o posture_n of_o affair_n in_o italy_n while_o asdrubal_n at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o spain_n have_v equip_v a_o fleet_n of_o thirty_o vessel_n during_o the_o winter_n which_o have_v be_v leave_v he_o by_o his_o brother_n and_o add_v to_o they_o ten_o more_o with_o all_o their_o equipage_n that_o have_v be_v send_v he_o from_o other_o part_n he_o depart_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o summer_n from_o new-carthage_n his_o fleet_n consist_v of_o forty_o ship_n he_o commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o hamilcar_n with_o order_n to_o coast_n it_o along_o the_o shore_n while_o he_o with_o his_o land-army_n march_v at_o the_o same_o time_n keep_v near_o the_o sea_n with_o intention_n to_o join_v both_o army_n near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n eber._n cn._n scipio_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n purpose_n determine_v forthwith_o to_o march_v out_o of_o his_o winter-quarter_n and_o endeavour_v to_o get_v before_o they_o but_o after_o he_o have_v be_v inform_v of_o their_o great_a strength_n both_o
in_o number_n of_o man_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n of_o war_n he_o decline_v his_o purpose_n of_o deal_n with_o they_o by_o land_n and_o equip_v a_o naval_a army_n consist_v of_o five_o and_o thirty_o ship_n and_o put_v on_o board_n the_o best_a man_n of_o the_o land-army_n make_v sail_n and_o get_v before_o the_o enemy_n two_o day_n after_o his_o departure_n from_o tarragona_n he_o arrive_v near_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eber_n and_o about_o ten_o mile_n from_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n from_o whence_o he_o dispatch_v two_o scout-vessel_n of_o marseilles_n to_o discover_v the_o motion_n and_o intention_n of_o the_o enemy_n these_o vessel_n be_v the_o foremost_a in_o all_o danger_n and_o keep_v always_o a_o head_n of_o the_o fleet_n with_o a_o forwardness_n that_o prove_v very_o useful_a to_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o marseillian_o have_v always_o take_v part_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o espouse_v their_o cause_n more_o conspicuous_o in_o this_o adventure_n the_o scout_n that_o have_v be_v send_v out_o bring_v advice_n that_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n be_v at_o a_o anchor_n in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o eber_n whereupon_o scipio_n forthwith_o get_v under_o sail_n resolve_v to_o make_v the_o best_a of_o his_o way_n to_o surprise_v they_o as_o they_o lay_v but_o asdrubal_n receive_v timely_a notice_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_v by_o certain_a beacon_n that_o he_o order_v to_o be_v provide_v on_o the_o hill_n put_v his_o land-force_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n on_o the_o shore_n and_o order_v the_o marine_a army_n forthwith_o to_o embark_v as_o the_o roman_n draw_v near_o the_o enemy_n they_o cause_v their_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v and_o come_v to_o blow_n with_o they_o out_o of_o hand_n but_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o they_o have_v stubborn_o dispute_v the_o victory_n for_o a_o while_n at_o length_n begin_v to_o retire_v but_o their_o 〈◊〉_d army_n that_o be_v draw_v up_o on_o the_o shore_n prove_v as_o it_o fortune_v rather_o a_o mischief_n than_o a_o benefit_n by_o how_o much_o their_o presence_n so_o near_o at_o hand_n give_v the_o seaman_n a_o more_o certain_a prospect_n of_o safety_n by_o slight_a than_o by_o fight_v wherefore_o perceive_v the_o roman_n likely_a to_o prove_v superior_a to_o they_o they_o stand_v about_o and_o flee_v as_o fast_o as_o they_o can_v towards_o the_o shore_n after_o they_o have_v sustain_v the_o loss_n both_o of_o man_n and_o galley_n but_o the_o roman_n vigorous_o pursue_v the_o advantage_n force_v they_o at_o last_o quite_o ashore_o where_o desert_v their_o vessel_n they_o save_v themselves_o by_o escape_v to_o their_o land-force_n that_o be_v draw_v up_o hard_o by_o the_o roman_n follow_v they_o to_o the_o shore_n and_o take_v as_o many_o of_o their_o vessel_n as_o they_o can_v carry_v off_o well-pleased_a to_o have_v beat_v the_o enemy_n at_o their_o first_o essay_n take_v thirty_o five_o of_o their_o vessel_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o those_o sea_n after_o this_o victory_n the_o affair_n of_o the_o roman_n begin_v to_o have_v a_o better_a face_n in_o those_o part_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o this_o loss_n fit_v out_o a_o fleet_n with_o all_o expedition_n consist_v of_o seventy_o sail_v equip_v for_o war_n well_o know_v of_o what_o moment_n it_o be_v to_o they_o to_o preserve_v their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n this_o fleet_n first_o touch_v in_o sardinia_n and_o then_o call_v at_o pisa_n in_o italy_n hope_v they_o may_v have_v find_v hannibal_n to_o have_v consult_v and_o concert_v matter_n with_o he_o but_o the_o roman_n come_v after_o they_o with_o a_o fleet_n of_o a_o hundred_o and_o twenty_o sail_n of_o galley_n the_o carthaginian_n terrify_v with_o their_o number_n return_v direct_o back_o to_o sardinia_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o carthage_n cn._n servilius_n general_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n make_v chase_n after_o they_o for_o a_o while_n in_o hope_n of_o come_n to_o a_o engagement_n but_o find_v they_o have_v get_v too_o much_o the_o start_n of_o he_o he_o leave_v off_o the_o pursuit_n then_o he_o make_v sail_n for_o lilybaeum_n with_o the_o whole_a fleet_n from_o thence_o he_o steer_v his_o course_n to_o a_o certain_a island_n in_o the_o african_a sea_n call_v cercina_n where_o he_o levy_v money_n on_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o purchase_v exemption_n of_o their_o country_n from_o plunder_n from_o thence_o he_o hold_v on_o his_o way_n and_o come_v to_o a_o island_n call_v cossyrus_n which_o he_o take_v and_o after_o he_o have_v put_v a_o garrison_n into_o the_o town_n he_o return_v back_o to_o lilybaeum_n where_o leave_v the_o fleet_n in_o harbour_n he_o go_v himself_o to_o find_v out_o their_o land-force_n the_o senate_n of_o rome_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o scipio_n sea-victory_n conclude_v that_o it_o be_v not_o only_o convenient_a but_o necessary_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o neglect_v their_o assair_n in_o spain_n wherefore_o to_o quicken_v the_o war_n on_o that_o side_n and_o press_v the_o carthaginian_n the_o more_o in_o these_o part_n they_o sit_v out_o a_o squadron_n of_o twenty_o galley_n and_o forthwith_o give_v they_o into_o the_o charge_n of_o pub._n scipio_n dispatch_v he_o to_o his_o brother_n to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v joint_o manage_v the_o war_n in_o spain_n for_o the_o senate_n just_o apprehend_v that_o if_o the_o carthaginian_n shall_v once_o be_v permit_v to_o conquer_v and_o possess_v at_o their_o pleasure_n that_o province_n they_o will_v soon_o recover_v their_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n attack_z and_o make_v descent_n in_o italy_n with_o ease_n and_o be_v enable_v to_o reinforce_v and_o supply_v hannibal_n both_o with_o man_n and_o money_n wherefore_o i_o say_v the_o roman_n conclude_v that_o keep_v the_o war_n on_o foot_n in_o spain_n be_v of_o great_a utility_n to_o their_o assair_n dispatch_v pub._n scipio_n with_o a_o naval_a army_n to_o join_v his_o brother_n who_o after_o his_o arrival_n when_o they_o come_v to_o unite_v their_o strength_n proceed_v with_o great_a success_n for_o albeit_o the_o roman_n have_v never_o yet_o attempt_v to_o pass_v the_o eber_n but_o think_v it_o a_o great_a deal_n for_o they_o that_o the_o people_n on_o this_o side_n the_o river_n be_v dispose_v to_o enter_v into_o friendship_n and_o confederacy_n with_o they_o yet_o now_o they_o adventure_v to_o pass_v those_o bound_n make_v war_n on_o remote_a nation_n and_o fortune_n approve_v their_o enterprise_n for_o after_o they_o have_v terrify_v the_o people_n that_o inhabit_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o eber_n they_o advance_v towards_o saguntum_n and_o encamp_v within_o five_o mile_n thereof_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o temple_n of_o venus_n and_o so_o post_v themselves_o that_o they_o be_v every_o way_n cover_v from_o attempt_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o where_o whatever_o they_o want_v might_n with_o case_n be_v supply_v they_o for_o their_o fleet_n by_o sea_n keep_v pace_n with_o they_o on_o land_n coast_v it_o along_o the_o shore_n at_o the_o same_o rate_n they_o march_v but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n there_o happen_v a_o occurrence_n which_o avail_v further_o towards_o the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o roman_a assair_n upon_o hannibal_n departure_n on_o his_o expedition_n to_o italy_n he_o take_v hostage_n of_o all_o the_o town_n of_o who_o affection_n he_o be_v not_o well_o assure_v make_v choice_n for_o that_o purpose_n of_o the_o child_n of_o the_o principal_a inhabitant_n and_o send_v they_o to_o be_v careful_o keep_v under_o a_o good_a guard_n at_o saguntum_n that_o place_n be_v not_o only_o well_o fortify_v but_o the_o garrison_n he_o have_v leave_v in_o it_o well_o dispose_v to_o his_o service_n among_o those_o there_o be_v one_o abilyx_n a_o spaniard_n a_o man_n of_o the_o first_o rank_n in_o his_o country_n both_o for_o his_o authority_n and_o manner_n and_o above_o all_o reckon_v among_o the_o most_o faithful_a friend_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n this_o man_n take_v the_o present_a posture_n of_o affair_n into_o consideration_n and_o observe_v the_o roman_n likely_a to_o prosper_v take_v a_o resolution_n worthy_a of_o a_o spaniard_n and_o a_o barbarian_a which_o be_v to_o bring_v it_o about_o that_o the_o say_v hostage_n may_v be_v deliver_v up_o believe_v that_o by_o compass_v some_o remarkable_a service_n to_o the_o roman_n he_o shall_v become_v very_o popular_a and_o be_v well_o receive_v among_o they_o asdrubal_n have_v commit_v the_o government_n of_o that_o province_n to_o bostar_n a_o man_n of_o authority_n among_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o order_n to_o oppose_v the_o roman_n when_o at_o any_o time_n they_o shall_v attempt_v pass_v the_o river_n eber_n but_o he_o want_v resolution_n to_o withstand_v they_o have_v retire_v from_o his_o post_n and_o march_v and_o encamp_v near_o saguntum_n towards_o the_o sea_n now_o abilyx_n well_o know_v
that_o bostar_n be_v a_o plain_a well_o mean_v man_n of_o easy_a faith_n unpractised_a in_o subtle_a art_n and_o have_v a_o good_a opinion_n of_o he_o he_o therefore_o impart_v to_o he_o what_o he_o seign_v be_v the_o best_a counsel_n he_o can_v take_v namely_o that_o since_o the_o roman_n have_v now_o gain_v their_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n the_o carthaginian_n will_v be_v no_o long_o able_a to_o hold_v the_o spaniard_n in_o subjection_n by_o fear_n but_o that_o it_o import_v they_o in_o the_o present_a evil_a conjuncture_n of_o their_o assair_n to_o acquire_v by_o some_o extraordinary_a mean_n the_o affection_n and_o goodwill_n of_o the_o native_n that_o the_o roman_n be_v already_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o saguntum_n which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n besiege_v and_o will_v be_v soon_o straighten_v that_o therefore_o if_o he_o will_v give_v a_o check_n to_o their_o ambition_n and_o success_n he_o can_v not_o take_v a_o wifer_n or_o more_o safe_a course_n than_o present_o to_o resolve_v on_o the_o restore_n all_o the_o hostage_n to_o their_o parent_n and_o relation_n for_o that_o the_o enemy_n covet_v nothing_o with_o more_o passion_n than_o to_o be_v able_a to_o get_v they_o into_o their_o hand_n to_o the_o end_n that_o by_o deliver_v they_o up_o they_o may_v acquire_v and_o conciliate_v thereby_o the_o good_a opinion_n of_o the_o spaniard_n that_o in_o a_o word_n it_o will_v be_v a_o act_n of_o great_a wisdom_n in_o he_o to_o obviate_v this_o inconvenience_n by_o restore_v the_o hostage_n himself_o which_o will_v bind_v the_o spaniard_n to_o he_o for_o ever_o and_o that_o he_o for_o his_o part_n will_v labour_v his_o utmost_a that_o the_o carthaginian_n may_v reap_v the_o best_a fruit_n of_o so_o fair_a a_o proceed_n if_o they_o shall_v think_v sit_v to_o commit_v the_o conduct_n thereof_o to_o his_o management_n for_o if_o it_o be_v transact_v by_o he_o he_o shall_v be_v both_o able_a and_o willing_a to_o negotiate_v the_o affair_n with_o such_o regard_n to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o the_o respective_a town_n concern_v that_o their_o relation_n shall_v not_o only_o be_v make_v sensible_a of_o the_o benefit_n but_o the_o people_n in_o general_n dispose_v to_o acknowledge_v their_o goodwill_n when_o they_o behold_v such_o remarkable_a instance_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n friendship_n he_o likewise_o give_v bostar_n himself_o hope_v of_o a_o valuable_a reward_n from_o those_o who_o child_n shall_v be_v so_o deliver_v and_o that_o in_o short_a by_o his_o restore_n in_o so_o generous_a a_o manner_n and_o contrary_a to_o all_o expectation_n what_o be_v so_o dear_a to_o they_o every_o one_o will_v emulate_v the_o other_o in_o their_o expression_n of_o gratitude_n to_o such_o a_o benefactor_n in_o a_o word_n he_o deal_v with_o bostar_n by_o all_o the_o fair_a argument_n he_o be_v able_a to_o urge_v to_o win_v he_o over_o to_o his_o purpose_n after_o this_o conference_n matter_n be_v conclude_v between_o they_o and_o a_o day_n set_v when_o he_o shall_v return_v with_o all_o necessary_a preparation_n to_o receive_v and_o conduct_v the_o hostage_n abilyx_n return_v home_o the_o follow_a night_n he_o go_v to_o the_o roman_a camp_n where_o after_o some_o discourse_n with_o certain_a spaniard_n that_o serve_v in_o the_o army_n he_o be_v by_o they_o conduct_v to_o the_o scipio_n to_o who_o he_o make_v it_o appear_v by_o many_o reason_n that_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o spaniard_n will_v come_v in_o to_o they_o be_v it_o but_o once_o know_v that_o their_o hostage_n be_v in_o their_o possession_n and_o thereupon_o give_v they_o his_o word_n to_o deliver_v they_o into_o their_o hand_n publius_n list'n_v with_o great_a pleasure_n to_o the_o proposition_n and_o after_o solemn_a promise_n of_o a_o noble_a recompense_n and_o the_o time_n when_o and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o shall_v attend_v to_o execute_v the_o design_n agree_v on_o he_o dismiss_v they_o who_o return_v back_o to_o sagunrum_n and_o now_o abilyx_n have_v provide_v person_n proper_a for_o his_o enterprise_n come_v to_o bostar_n and_o after_o the_o hostage_n be_v put_v into_o his_o hand_n he_o depart_v by_o night_n from_o saguntum_n as_o feign_v thereby_o to_o be_v able_a to_o go_v more_o conceal_v from_o the_o enemy_n sentinel_n but_o have_v pass_v their_o camp_n he_o then_o take_v another_o way_n and_o lead_v they_o at_o the_o time_n agree_v on_o to_o the_o place_n appoint_v where_o he_o deliver_v they_o to_o those_o who_o have_v be_v order_v to_o take_v charge_n of_o they_o this_o be_v so_o great_a a_o instance_n of_o abilyx_n goodwill_n to_o the_o roman_n that_o scipio_n hold_v he_o ever_o after_o in_o great_a esteem_n make_v use_n of_o he_o in_o conjunction_n with_o people_n of_o his_o own_o to_o see_v the_o hostage_n restore_v to_o their_o parent_n and_o their_o country_n who_o go_v according_o from_o town_n to_o town_n where_o he_o negotiate_v so_o well_o for_o the_o roman_n give_v the_o people_n such_o impression_n of_o their_o generosity_n and_o humanity_n and_o declaim_v so_o just_o against_o the_o carthaginian_n cruelty_n and_o insidelity_n and_o produce_v himself_o as_o a_o example_n of_o desert_v they_o that_o he_o wrought_v many_o town_n over_o to_o the_o roman_n who_o enter_v into_o confederacy_n with_o they_o bostar_n who_o have_v commit_v these_o child_n to_o the_o faith_n of_o abilyx_n act_v a_o very_a child_n part_n himself_o and_o not_o like_o a_o officer_n of_o his_o age_n and_o experience_n become_v afterward_o thereby_o liable_a to_o many_o and_o great_a danger_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n forbid_v any_o further_a present_a action_n they_o withdraw_v on_o both_o side_n into_o winter-quarter_n afterward_o the_o roman_n fortune_n change_v in_o favour_n of_o their_o affair_n receive_v manifold_a advantage_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o hostage_n they_o have_v so_o give_v up_o be_v thereby_o great_o assist_v in_o their_o future_a erterprise_n thus_o have_v we_o deliver_v a_o state_n of_o the_o occurrence_n in_o spain_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o history_n of_o hannibal_n he_o receive_v intelligence_n by_o his_o spy_n that_o there_o be_v much_o corn_n at_o luceria_n and_o gerunium_n and_o that_o gerunium_n be_v a_o commodious_a place_n wherein_o to_o make_v his_o magazine_n thereupon_o resolve_v to_o make_v that_o country_n his_o winter-quarter_n and_o so_o lead_v his_o army_n by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o mountain_n of_o liburnum_n to_o the_o say_v to_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o gerunium_n which_o stand_v about_o twenty_o five_o mile_n from_o luceria_n he_o seek_v by_o all_o fair_a mean_n and_o large_a promise_n to_o win_v they_o to_o take_v part_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n offer_v to_o bind_v himself_o by_o oath_n to_o the_o punctual_a execution_n of_o the_o condition_n that_o shall_v be_v accord_v to_o but_o see_v he_o can_v not_o so_o prevail_v he_o sit_v down_o before_o the_o town_n and_o lay_v siege_n to_o it_o soon_o 〈◊〉_d it_o put_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o the_o â—â—word_n reserve_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o building_n undemolish_v whereof_o to_o make_v granary_n and_o lodging_n his_o troop_n under_o the_o wall_n fortify_v his_o camp_n with_o a_o good_a retrenchment_n from_o thence_o he_o send_v two_o three_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o gather_v in_o corn_n order_v they_o by_o turn_n to_o supply_v daily_o the_o other_o three_o part_n that_o remain_v with_o he_o with_o a_o certain_a quantity_n for_o their_o expense_n he_o continue_v with_o they_o constant_o in_o battalion_n as_o well_o for_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o camp_n as_o to_o prevent_v any_o sudden_a attempt_n on_o those_o who_o be_v employ_v in_o gather_v in_o the_o corn._n in_o short_a the_o country_n be_v very_o fertile_a and_o the_o time_n of_o harvest_n at_o the_o height_n they_o daily_o bring_v in_o very_o great_a quantity_n as_o soon_o as_o minutius_n have_v receive_v the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n from_o fabius_n as_o we_o note_v he_o lose_v no_o time_n but_o march_v by_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n to_o find_v out_o the_o enemy_n hope_v for_o a_o occasion_n to_o deal_v with_o hannibal_n there_o but_o when_o he_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o he_o be_v already_o master_n of_o gerunium_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v spread_v all_o over_o the_o country_n gather_v in_o corn_n and_o that_o the_o army_n be_v encamp_v under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n he_o forthwith_o descend_v from_o the_o hill_n into_o the_o champaign_n country_n and_o encamp_v in_o the_o territory_n of_o larinam_fw-la on_o a_o high_a ground_n call_v calela_n with_o a_o full_a determination_n to_o do_v his_o utmost_a to_o come_v by_o any_o mean_n speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n hannibal_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o roman_n permit_v only_o one_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o pursue_v
party_n of_o two_o and_o three_o hundred_o in_o a_o division_n according_a to_o the_o capacity_n of_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v to_o lodge_v and_o to_o be_v so_o dispose_v that_o the_o enemy_n forager_n may_v not_o discover_v they_o this_o do_v he_o order_v his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o march_v and_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o ground_n we_o mention_v whereupon_o minutius_n who_o conclude_v the_o enemy_n have_v give_v he_o a_o new_a occasion_n of_o victory_n order_n out_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o attack_v they_o and_o after_o these_o his_o horse_n while_o he_o himself_o follow_v with_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n in_o battalion_n keep_v their_o order_n the_o sun_n be_v now_o rise_v and_o while_o every_o body_n eye_n be_v fix_v on_o the_o place_n of_o action_n hannibal_n ambush_n rise_v and_o advance_v by_o degree_n unobserved_a by_o the_o roman_n while_o hannibal_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o be_v not_o slack_a to_o send_v succour_n constant_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o at_o length_n advance_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o horse_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n the_o horse_n on_o both_o side_n come_v soon_o to_o engage_v whereupon_o the_o light-armed_a roman_n not_o be_v a_o match_n for_o the_o carthaginian_a horse_n be_v beat_v and_o retreat_v to_o their_o body_n put_v they_o in_o great_a disorder_n hitherto_o the_o ambush_n remain_v expect_v the_o signal_n to_o fall_v on_o which_o be_v now_o give_v they_o come_v bold_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o attack_v the_o roman_n on_o all_o side_n as_o well_o on_o the_o gross_a as_o the_o light-armed_a troop_n so_o that_o the_o dispute_n be_v very_o warm_a and_o bloody_a and_o now_o fabius_n who_o see_v how_o thing_n go_v and_o fear_v lest_o minutius_n and_o his_o army_n shall_v be_v lose_v march_v out_o of_o his_o work_n and_o come_v in_o to_o his_o relief_n who_o be_v at_o his_o last_o stake_n whereupon_o the_o roman_n who_o before_o be_v break_v and_o disorder_v observe_v his_o approach_n take_v heart_n and_o rally_v about_o their_o ensign_n and_o make_v a_o stand_n after_o their_o have_v lose_v many_o of_o their_o light-armed_a man_n and_o more_o of_o the_o best_a and_o brave_a of_o their_o legionary_a soldier_n upon_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o fresh_a legion_n that_o advance_v to_o the_o relief_n bold_o and_o in_o firm_a order_n hannibal_n begin_v to_o be_v in_o doubt_n and_o therefore_o found_v a_o retreat_n and_o command_v his_o people_n from_o the_o pursuit_n and_o now_o all_o man_n just_o judge_v who_o be_v engage_v in_o the_o danger_n of_o this_o action_n and_o in_o a_o word_n conclude_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v beat_v by_o the_o rashness_n of_o minutius_n and_o that_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v be_v at_o this_o time_n and_o always_o heretofore_o preserve_v and_o rescue_v through_o the_o wise_a and_o slow_a temper_n of_o fabius_n and_o they_o be_v soon_o satisfy_v in_o rome_n of_o the_o wide_a disserence_n there_o be_v between_o the_o prudence_n of_o a_o good_a general_n of_o a_o army_n and_o a_o rash_a hotheaded_a soldier_n wherefore_o the_o roman_n now_o teach_v by_o sharp_a experience_n think_v it_o wisdom_n for_o the_o time_n to_o come_v to_o abide_v in_o a_o body_n and_o in_o one_o camp_n and_o that_o none_o be_v sit_v to_o be_v obey_v but_o fabius_n as_o for_o the_o carthaginian_n after_o they_o have_v make_v a_o retrenchment_n between_o their_o camp_n and_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n and_o have_v garrison_v and_o well_o fortify_v the_o post_n and_o perform_v what_o be_v necessary_a to_o secure_v it_o from_o any_o further_a danger_n they_o betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o winter-quarter_n and_o now_o the_o time_n for_o election_n of_o their_o consul_n at_o rome_n be_v come_v where_o l._n aemilius_n and_o c._n terentius_n be_v choose_v and_o the_o dictator_n authority_n thereby_o supersede_v as_o to_o the_o last_o year_n consul_n cn._n servilius_n and_o m._n regulus_n who_o have_v fill_v the_o place_n of_o flaminius_n they_o be_v invest_v by_o aemilius_n with_o pro-consular_a power_n and_o have_v the_o camp_n commit_v to_o their_o charge_n have_v the_o entire_a present_a conduct_n of_o the_o war._n in_o the_o mean_a time_n aemilius_n take_v care_n to_o make_v new_a levy_n after_o he_o have_v impart_v his_o counsel_n to_o the_o senate_n and_o send_v recruit_n likewise_o to_o fill_v up_o the_o legion_n order_n be_v also_o dispatch_v to_o servilius_n to_o be_v careful_a not_o to_o engage_v in_o a_o general_a battle_n but_o to_o exercise_v the_o troop_n as_o often_o as_o occasion_v serve_v in_o skirmish_n and_o rencounter_n to_o acquaint_v the_o young_a soldier_n with_o danger_n and_o their_o duty_n and_o qualify_v they_o for_o more_o important_a occasion_n for_o they_o be_v persuade_v that_o much_o of_o their_o misfortune_n in_o the_o war_n hitherto_o be_v owe_v to_o the_o rawness_n and_o inexperience_n of_o their_o troop_n who_o have_v not_o for_o the_o most_o part_n see_v any_o action_n of_o weight_n the_o senate_n likewise_o dispatch_v the_o praetor_n posthumius_fw-la into_o gaul_n to_o endeavour_v to_o bring_v over_o those_o who_o have_v take_v arm_n under_o hannibal_n to_o another_o mind_n furthermore_o it_o be_v commit_v to_o his_o care_n to_o conduct_n over_o the_o army_n that_o have_v winter_v at_o lilybaeum_n they_o likewise_o supply_v the_o scipio_n who_o conduct_v the_o war_n in_o spain_n with_o whatsoever_o they_o can_v be_v think_v to_o need_v in_o a_o word_n both_o consul_n and_o senate_n act_v with_o great_a attention_n in_o all_o thing_n that_o may_v avail_v towards_o a_o vigorous_a prosecution_n of_o the_o war._n as_o soon_o as_o servilius_n have_v receive_v the_o consul_n order_n he_o careful_o put_v they_o in_o execution_n perform_v every_o other_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o his_o charge_n but_o for_o occurrence_n there_o happen_v nothing_o memorable_a enough_o to_o be_v relate_v whether_o it_o be_v that_o his_o instruction_n be_v too_o much_o limit_v or_o that_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n permit_v he_o not_o to_o enter_v on_o any_o considerable_a action_n but_o little_o be_v do_v towards_o the_o advancement_n of_o their_o affair_n what_o be_v perform_v be_v by_o pickeer_v and_o small_a and_o frequent_a skirmish_n and_o rencounter_n wherein_o the_o leader_n be_v not_o without_o their_o share_n of_o some_o praise_n act_v in_o their_o post_n always_o with_o singular_a temper_n and_o prudence_n thus_o than_o the_o two_o army_n remain_v encamp_v in_o view_n of_o each_o other_o all_o the_o winter_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o spring_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o hannibal_n see_v there_o be_v forage_n to_o be_v have_v he_o decamp_v from_o under_o gerunium_n conclude_v there_o be_v nothing_o so_o advantageous_a for_o his_o affair_n as_o to_o labour_v by_o all_o way_n possible_a to_o compel_v the_o enemy_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o besiege_v and_o take_v the_o citadel_n of_o cannae_n where_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v up_o their_o corn_n and_o provision_n of_o war_n for_o the_o service_n of_o the_o army_n the_o town_n have_v be_v demolish_v the_o year_n before_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v the_o fortress_n with_o all_o their_o provision_n and_o store_n within_o it_o the_o roman_a army_n become_v great_o streighten_v and_o be_v not_o only_o press_v through_o want_n of_o provision_n which_o they_o can_v not_o now_o obtain_v but_o with_o great_a difficulty_n the_o enemy_n be_v possess_v of_o their_o magazine_n but_o also_o because_o the_o fortress_n of_o cannoe_n command_v the_o whole_a country_n round_o about_o they_o therefore_o dispatch_v messenger_n on_o messenger_n to_o rome_n for_o instruction_n how_o to_o comport_v themselves_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o if_o the_o enemy_n approach_v and_o press_v they_o there_o will_v be_v no_o mean_n leave_v to_o avoid_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o that_o the_o country_n be_v everywhere_o waste_v and_o destroy_v their_o ally_n begin_v to_o grow_v jealous_a of_o their_o safety_n and_o seem_v only_o at_o present_a to_o stand_v in_o a_o sort_n of_o doubtful_a neutrality_n to_o take_v their_o measure_n as_o the_o success_n of_o a_o battle_n shall_v determine_v they_o whereupon_o the_o senate_n come_v to_o a_o resolution_n that_o they_o shall_v give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n howbeit_o they_o admonish_v cneius_n to_o defer_v it_o if_o possible_a to_o the_o come_n of_o the_o consul_n who_o they_o now_o dispatch_v away_o all_o people_n eye_n be_v now_o on_o aemilius_n their_o hope_n be_v in_o he_o as_o well_o on_o account_n of_o his_o virtue_n as_o for_o that_o he_o have_v not_o long_o before_o conduct_v the_o war_n in_o illyria_n much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o republic_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o the_o roman_a army_n shall_v consist_v of_o eight_o legion_n which_o be_v what_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v
never_o before_o do_v and_o that_o each_o legion_n shall_v consist_v of_o five_o thousand_o over_o and_o above_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o confederate_n for_o as_o we_o have_v hitherto_o observe_v the_o roman_a custom_n be_v to_o march_v out_o every_o year_n with_o four_o legion_n each_o contain_n four_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o hundred_o horse_n but_o now_o that_o they_o be_v thus_o threaten_v they_o think_v sit_v to_o compose_v their_o legion_n of_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o hundred_o horse_n to_o which_o be_v add_v a_o equal_a number_n of_o latin_a auxiliary_a foot_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n thrice_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n it_o be_v the_o custom_n to_o assign_v to_o each_o consul_n the_o one_o half_a of_o these_o auxiliary_a troop_n with_o two_o legion_n when_o they_o march_v on_o any_o expedition_n but_o they_o seldom_o employ_v more_o than_o one_o of_o their_o consul_n to_o manage_v any_o one_o war_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o the_o auxiliary_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v and_o but_o very_o rare_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o roman_n be_v drive_v to_o employ_v all_o their_o force_n to_o finish_v any_o one_o war._n nevertheless_o they_o be_v now_o so_o terrify_v that_o they_o conceive_v eight_o legion_n to_o be_v little_a enough_o after_o the_o senate_n then_o have_v exhort_v aemilius_n to_o comport_v himself_o in_o that_o occasion_n as_o become_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o have_v remonstrate_v to_o he_o of_o what_o mighty_a importance_n a_o battle_n at_o that_o conjuncture_n be_v they_o dismiss_v he_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o consul_n arrive_v at_o their_o camp_n they_o cause_v the_o army_n to_o be_v draw_v together_o impart_v to_o they_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o senate_n and_o exhort_v they_o to_o behave_v themselves_o as_o become_v they_o it_o be_v aemilius_n who_o speak_v to_o they_o who_o discourse_n principal_o tend_v to_o apologise_v for_o past_a failures_n for_o the_o soldier_n have_v be_v so_o dispirited_a by_o so_o many_o calamitous_a adventure_n that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n enough_o of_o good_a admonition_n he_o therefore_o do_v his_o best_a to_o persuade_v they_o that_o if_o they_o have_v be_v vanquish_v in_o former_a occasion_n it_o be_v not_o one_o or_o two_o but_o manifold_a reason_n that_o may_v be_v render_v for_o their_o misfortune_n but_o that_o now_o if_o they_o have_v the_o heart_n of_o roman_n there_o be_v not_o one_o which_o he_o can_v foresee_v that_o may_v debarr_v they_o of_o victory_n and_o triumph_v over_o their_o enemy_n that_o their_o two_o consul_n never_o be_v join_v before_o to_o conduct_v their_o affair_n with_o their_o joint_a legion_n all_o assemble_v in_o one_o body_n that_o the_o soldier_n till_o now_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o service_n the_o state_n be_v serve_v by_o a_o army_n of_o novice_n raw_a and_o untrained_a to_o their_o business_n and_o unused_a to_o the_o toil_v and_o peril_n of_o war_n and_o what_o be_v of_o great_a moment_n tâ—ey_n 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arm_n against_o the_o messenian_n who_o have_v long_o give_v occasion_n enough_o by_o their_o enter_v into_o security_n to_o the_o macedonian_n and_o achaian_n to_o take_v part_n with_o they_o in_o all_o their_o erterprise_n thus_o he_o prevail_v with_o scopas_n and_o his_o friend_n and_o wrought_v so_o far_o upon_o they_o that_o without_o attend_v the_o resolution_n of_o a_o general_a convention_n of_o the_o aetolian_n or_o so_o much_o as_o impart_v their_o purpose_n to_o the_o magistrate_n in_o be_v or_o make_v any_o one_o step_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n they_o do_v at_o once_o and_o of_o their_o own_o head_n in_o effect_n declare_v war_n against_o the_o messenian_n epirot_n achaian_n acarnanians_n and_o macedonian_n at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o send_v out_o their_o fleet_n of_o pilserer_n to_o infest_v the_o adjacent_a sea_n who_o meet_v with_o a_o ship_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n off_o of_o cythera_n make_v prize_n of_o she_o and_o carry_v she_o into_o port_n 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hold_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o achain_n during_o the_o reign_n of_o cleomenes_n and_o have_v not_o restore_v orchomenus_n which_o be_v have_v take_v by_o force_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_n keep_v it_o still_o in_o his_o hand_n and_o hold_v it_o for_o his_o own_o his_o motive_n it_o may_v be_v presume_v for_o so_o do_v be_v not_o only_o to_o preserve_v by_o that_o mean_n a_o easy_a ingress_n into_o peloponnesus_n but_o to_o be_v able_a by_o keep_v a_o garrison_n in_o orchomenus_n to_o secure_v and_o awe_v the_o neighbour_a territory_n to_o better_a obedience_n dorimachus_n and_o scopas_n then_o choose_v their_o time_n when_o the_o praetor_n timoxenus_n be_v upon_o resign_v up_o his_o charge_n and_o aratus_n who_o be_v to_o succeed_v he_o not_o yet_o invest_v in_o the_o authority_n call_v a_o assembly_n of_o the_o aetolian_n in_o rhium_n and_o have_v give_v their_o order_n to_o have_v the_o cephallenian_a vessel_n in_o a_o readiness_n they_o embark_v their_o troop_n and_o transport_v they_o into_o peloponnesus_n take_v their_o march_n towards_o messina_n and_o pass_v through_o the_o territory_n of_o patroe_v pharoe_n and_o tritoea_n they_o make_v show_v to_o the_o achaian_n of_o have_v no_o design_n to_o molest_v they_o in_o their_o passage_n howbeit_o the_o covetous_a soldier_n withhold_v not_o their_o hand_n but_o plunder_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n every_o where_o as_o they_o go_v till_o they_o come_v to_o phigalea_n this_o town_n they_o make_v their_o place_n of_o arm_n and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o from_o hence_o make_v their_o inroad_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o messenian_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o the_o right_n of_o nation_n and_o the_o ancient_a friendship_n and_o alliance_n that_o have_v be_v make_v and_o continue_v between_o they_o but_o lead_v by_o their_o avarice_n against_o all_o rule_n of_o honour_n or_o equity_n rob_v and_o spoil_v the_o country_n with_o impunity_n the_o messenian_n not_o find_v themselves_o of_o strength_n sufficient_a to_o adventure_v out_o against_o they_o the_o achaian_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n according_a to_o custom_n assemble_v at_o aegium_n where_o the_o patroean_n and_o pharoean_n prefer_v their_o complaint_n of_o the_o damage_n that_o have_v be_v do_v they_o by_o the_o aetolian_n in_o their_o march_n through_o their_o country_n the_o messenian_n likewise_o complain_v of_o their_o outrage_n and_o perfidious_a deal_v and_o send_v their_o deputy_n to_o pray_v speedy_a succour_n after_o the_o assembly_n have_v deliberate_v on_o these_o matter_n it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o resentment_n of_o those_o of_o patroe_v and_o pharoe_n be_v just_a and_o aught_o to_o be_v prosecute_v and_o that_o the_o case_n of_o the_o messenian_n be_v to_o be_v commiserate_v and_o it_o be_v especial_o agree_v that_o the_o state_n in_o general_n have_v be_v affront_v by_o this_o insolent_a proceed_n of_o the_o aetolian_n who_o have_v presume_v in_o hostile_a manner_n to_o enter_v upon_o achaia_n not_o only_o without_o their_o permission_n but_o against_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n whereupon_o just_o provoke_v by_o these_o infraction_n they_o resolve_v to_o send_v succour_n to_o the_o messenian_n and_o that_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o praetor_n shall_v have_v put_v they_o in_o arm_n they_o will_v then_o proceed_v further_a to_o execute_v what_o shall_v be_v think_v expedient_a by_o the_o assembly_n timoxenus_n who_o be_v yet_o in_o the_o praetorship_n be_v not_o very_o well_o please_v with_o the_o expodition_n noâ—_n consequent_o with_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o assembly_n for_o his_o authority_n be_v not_o yet_o expire_v he_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o the_o command_n as_o have_v but_o a_o doubtful_a opinion_n of_o the_o achaean_n militia_n which_o have_v be_v long_o unexercised_a in_o arms._n for_o after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o cleomenes_n the_o peloponnesian_n weary_a of_o former_a war_n and_o believe_v the_o present_a peaceable_a posture_n of_o their_o affair_n be_v likely_a to_o endure_v have_v total_o relinquish_v the_o trade_n of_o warfare_n and_o neglect_v the_o use_n of_o arms._n but_o aratus_n provoke_v at_o the_o indignity_n they_o have_v suffer_v by_o the_o audacious_a aetolian_n pursue_v the_o matter_n with_o another_o spirit_n nor_o be_v this_o the_o first_o occasion_n he_o have_v conveive_v of_o aversion_n to_o that_o people_n wherefore_o he_o lose_v no_o time_n in_o put_v the_o achaian_n under_o arm_n but_o determine_v to_o come_v speedy_o to_o a_o battle_n with_o the_o aetolian_n in_o a_o word_n five_o day_n before_o he_o be_v to_o enter_v on_o his_o charge_n timoxenus_n deliver_v up_o the_o seal_n he_o dispatch_v his_o order_n to_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n assign_v they_o a_o day_n when_o all_o their_o young_a man_n fit_a to_o carry_v arm_n shall_v assemble_v at_o megalopolis_n and_o here_o we_o have_v think_v it_o a_o debt_n due_a to_o the_o merit_n of_o aratus_n to_o say_v something_o of_o he_o in_o particular_a aratus_n be_v endue_v with_o almost_o all_o the_o good_a quality_n that_o can_v be_v wish_v to_o compose_v a_o man_n for_o great_a and_o public_a employment_n he_o be_v able_a in_o the_o art_n of_o persuasion_n conceive_v right_o and_o ready_o execute_v and_o when_o it_o be_v prudent_a to_o be_v silent_a he_o very_o well_o know_v how_o to_o hold_v his_o peace_n he_o have_v not_o his_o equal_a in_o support_v with_o constancy_n the_o dissension_n of_o his_o fellow_n citizen_n second_o to_o none_o in_o compose_v they_o and_o artful_a in_o acquire_v friend_n and_o confederate_n he_o be_v subtle_a to_o contrive_v and_o conceal_v his_o secret_a practice_n and_o none_o better_a at_o devise_v stratagem_n and_o lay_v ambush_n against_o a_o enemy_n and_o in_o a_o word_n he_o compass_v the_o most_o difficult_a erterprise_n by_o patience_n and_o application_n whereof_o manifold_a instance_n may_v be_v enumerate_v namely_o and_o principal_o his_o surprise_v of_o sicyon_n and_o mantinoea_n his_o expel_v the_o aetolian_n out_o of_o pellene_n and_o his_o get_a possession_n of_o acro_fw-la corinth_n by_o intelligence_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n he_o be_v quite_o another_o man_n for_o as_o he_o be_v too_o slow_a in_o his_o resolution_n so_o be_v he_o too_o backward_o in_o danger_n and_o want_v assurance_n to_o look_v on_o any_o attempt_n that_o bear_v the_o least_o appearance_n of_o terror_n which_o be_v defect_n that_o give_v occasion_n of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o enemy_n who_o spoil_v and_o pillage_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o come_v once_o to_o know_v his_o unguarded_a part_n they_o never_o fail_v of_o succeed_v when_o they_o attack_v he_o there_o so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o nature_n have_v not_o only_o diversify_v man_n in_o their_o body_n and_o mind_n but_o triumph_n in_o dissimilitude_n of_o mind_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n who_o
tritaea_n perceive_v they_o be_v to_o expect_v no_o relief_n from_o aratus_n they_o resolve_v in_o their_o assembly_n to_o contribute_v no_o further_o to_o the_o confederate_a stock_n but_o to_o raise_v force_n of_o their_o own_o for_o their_o proper_a desence_n so_o they_o list_v three_o hundred_o foot_n and_o fifty_o horse_n which_o they_o send_v to_o the_o frontier_n in_o this_o determination_n it_o be_v agree_v by_o every_o one_o that_o they_o have_v do_v very_o wise_o for_o themselves_o but_o very_o ill_a for_o the_o confederacy_n and_o common_a cause_n of_o the_o achaian_n but_o a_o great_a part_n of_o this_o failure_n may_v just_o be_v impute_v to_o the_o praetor_n who_o custom_n it_o have_v be_v to_o amuse_v and_o deceive_v they_o by_o his_o coldness_n and_o procrastination_n though_o their_o affair_n be_v never_o so_o press_v but_o it_o be_v in_o short_a incident_a to_o people_n in_o danger_n that_o while_o there_o be_v hope_n of_o aid_n from_o their_o confederate_n and_o friend_n their_o great_a reliance_n and_o expectation_n of_o support_n be_v from_o they_o but_o those_o hope_n once_o lose_v and_o straighten_v by_o adversity_n they_o become_v drive_v to_o apply_v remedy_n of_o their_o own_o and_o convert_v all_o their_o strength_n to_o their_o single_a and_o particular_a safety_n wherefore_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o blame_n due_a to_o the_o pharaean_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o have_v make_v levy_n for_o their_o own_o defence_n while_o the_o achaean_n praetor_n fail_v they_o but_o they_o be_v not_o without_o imputation_n of_o have_v do_v amiss_o in_o refuse_v to_o contribute_v however_o to_o the_o common_a stock_n of_o the_o confederacy_n and_o as_o there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o their_o care_n for_o themselves_o in_o particular_a be_v just_a so_o while_o they_o be_v able_a they_o be_v indispensible_o bind_v to_o contribute_v to_o the_o general_n concernment_n of_o the_o league_n especial_o consider_v that_o by_o the_o article_n of_o the_o treaty_n of_o alliance_n they_o be_v to_o be_v repay_v whatsoever_o they_o shall_v contribute_v and_o what_o be_v of_o further_a weight_n they_o themselves_o be_v the_o author_n of_o the_o confederacy_n of_o the_o achaian_n while_o matter_n be_v thus_o transact_v in_o peloponnesus_n king_n philip_n have_v march_v through_o thessaly_n come_v to_o epirus_n where_o after_o he_o have_v incorporate_v the_o epirot_n supply_v who_o be_v to_o join_v he_o with_o his_o own_o troop_n together_o with_o three_o hundred_o slinger_n that_o have_v be_v send_v he_o from_o achaia_n and_o three_o hundred_o cretan_n who_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o polyrrhenaean_n he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v cross_v the_o kingdom_n of_o epirus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o frontier_n of_o ambracia_n and_o in_o case_n he_o have_v make_v no_o delay_n but_o have_v lead_v his_o army_n direct_o into_o aetolia_n and_o sallen_v by_o surprise_n with_o so_o strong_a a_o hand_n on_o that_o people_n he_o have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n give_v a_o period_n to_o the_o war._n but_o the_o epirot_n be_v instant_a with_o he_o to_o set_v first_o down_o before_o ambracia_n he_o by_o that_o mean_n give_v the_o enemy_n time_n to_o fortify_v and_o provide_v for_o themselves_o thus_o the_o epirot_n prefer_v little_o private_a gain_n to_o the_o general_a benefit_n of_o the_o confederacy_n their_o passion_n to_o get_v ambracia_n into_o their_o hand_n incite_v they_o to_o labour_v that_o philip_n may_v make_v the_o siege_n of_o that_o place_n his_o first_o enterprise_n covet_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o win_v ambracia_n from_o the_o aetolian_n which_o nevertheless_o they_o see_v not_o how_o it_o can_v be_v effect_v without_o first_o become_v master_n of_o ambracium_fw-la a_o fortress_n of_o good_a strength_n have_v a_o strong_a wall_n about_o it_o and_o stand_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o morass_n that_o surround_v it_o on_o all_o side_n to_o which_o there_o be_v but_o one_o strait_a access_n or_o passage_n be_v a_o causey_n make_v of_o earth_n bring_v thither_o for_o that_o purpose_n in_o short_a this_o place_n stand_v very_o commodious_o for_o infest_v the_o country_n of_o the_o ambracian_o and_o the_o city_n itself_o wherefore_o philip_n by_o persuasion_n of_o the_o epirot_n sit_v down_o before_o it_o and_o dispose_v thing_n for_o the_o siege_n scopas_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n at_o the_o head_n of_o all_o the_o aetolian_a force_n take_v his_o march_n through_o thessaly_n and_o fall_v into_o macedon_n where_o pass_v the_o plain_n of_o pieria_n he_o ravage_v the_o country_n without_o opposition_n and_o after_o have_v take_v much_o plunder_n he_o march_v towards_o dlum_o which_o place_n be_v desert_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n he_o dismantle_v burn_v the_o portico_n belong_v to_o the_o temple_n and_o destroy_v all_o the_o ornament_n and_o whatever_o be_v of_o use_n to_o the_o people_n when_o they_o assemble_v to_o celebrate_v their_o festival_n he_o likewise_o spoil_v and_o throw_v down_o all_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o king_n of_o macedon_n and_o he_o who_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o these_o trouble_n and_o in_o his_o first_o expedition_n make_v war_n not_o on_o man_n only_o but_o against_o the_o god_n be_v on_o his_o return_n home_o not_o only_o not_o censure_v as_o a_o impious_a or_o sacrilegious_a person_n but_o honour_v as_o a_o man_n of_o merit_n and_o a_o good_a servant_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o by_o the_o promise_n of_o further_a success_n he_o make_v they_o much_o animate_v the_o aetolian_n who_o now_o conclude_v none_o will_v dare_v to_o approach_v their_o country_n in_o a_o hostile_a manner_n while_o they_o themselves_o pillage_v with_o impunity_n not_o only_a peloponnesus_n but_o thessaly_n and_o macedon_n itself_o king_n philip_n soon_o receive_v advice_n of_o this_o invasion_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o though_o he_o endure_v with_o pain_n the_o obstinacy_n and_o ambition_n of_o the_o epirot_n nevertheless_o he_o resolve_v to_o continue_v the_o siege_n of_o ambracium_fw-la and_o when_o he_o have_v perform_v all_o that_o can_v be_v expect_v in_o the_o like_a case_n and_o have_v terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n by_o his_o work_n and_o approach_n at_o length_n take_v it_o on_o composition_n after_o a_o siege_n of_o forty_o day_n so_o turn_v out_o the_o aetolian_a garrison_n consist_v of_o about_o five_o hundred_o man_n who_o by_o article_n be_v to_o suffer_v no_o ill_a treatment_n he_o give_v ambracium_fw-la to_o the_o epirot_n and_o thus_o gratify_v their_o ambition_n this_o do_v he_o lead_v his_o army_n along_o the_o river_n charadra_n with_o purpose_n speedy_o to_o pass_v the_o gulf_n of_o ambracia_n where_o it_o be_v narrow_a near_o the_o temple_n of_o the_o acarnanian_o call_v actium_n this_o gulf_n come_v out_o of_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n and_o part_n the_o kingdom_n of_o epirus_n and_o acarnaria_n the_o mouth_n be_v but_o narrow_a be_v little_o more_o than_o half_a a_o mile_n broad_a but_o it_o soon_o widen_v and_o be_v in_o some_o place_n twelve_o mile_n over_o stretch_v in_o length_n about_o forty_o mile_n in_o from_o the_o sicilian_a sea_n run_v between_o the_o abovenamed_a country_n epirus_n be_v on_o the_o north-side_n and_o acarnania_n on_o the_o south_n after_o he_o have_v pass_v this_o gulf_n with_o his_o army_n he_o take_v his_o march_n through_o acarnania_n and_o draw_v towards_o phaerea_n a_o aetolian_a town_n and_o recruit_v his_o army_n with_o two_o thousand_o acarnanian_a foot_n and_o about_o two_o hundred_o horse_n he_o invest_v that_o place_n and_o after_o many_o vigorous_a attack_n for_o two_o day_n together_o the_o three_o it_o capitulate_v the_o aetolian_a garrison_n march_v out_o with_o their_o baggage_n as_o it_o be_v article_v the_o follow_a night_n there_o arrive_v five_o hundred_o aetolian_n who_o come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o place_n think_v it_o have_v be_v still_o their_o own_o but_o the_o king_n receive_v a_o account_n of_o their_o march_n possess_v himself_o of_o certain_a advantageous_a post_n in_o their_o way_n and_o fall_v on_o they_o cut_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o take_v the_o rest_n prisoner_n a_o very_a few_o only_a escape_n then_o after_o he_o have_v distribute_v thirty_o day_n corn_n to_o the_o army_n the_o granary_n of_o this_o town_n be_v very_o well_o replenish_v he_o march_v towards_o strategica_n and_o come_v within_o little_o more_o than_o a_o mile_n of_o the_o place_n he_o encamp_v by_o the_o river_n achelous_n from_o thence_o continue_v his_o march_n he_o ravage_v the_o country_n round_o about_o no_o enemy_n appear_v to_o withstand_v he_o about_o this_o time_n the_o achaian_n begin_v to_o feel_v the_o ill_a effect_n of_o the_o war_n hear_v the_o king_n be_v at_o hand_n send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o wait_v on_o he_o and_o demand_v succour_n these_o find_v he_o near_o stratus_n who_o when_o they_o have_v do_v their_o commission_n represent_v how_o profitable_a a_o enterprise_n it_o will_v be_v
of_o affair_n shall_v be_v commit_v and_o aim_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a so_o to_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n as_o to_o leave_v no_o motive_n of_o dissension_n or_o discord_n among_o the_o minister_n and_o other_o who_o they_o shall_v employ_v wherefore_o he_o nominate_v apelles_n for_o one_o of_o the_o young_a king_n tutor_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v joint_o trust_v with_o he_o in_o other_o matter_n to_o leontius_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o the_o bucklerman_n megalea_n be_v make_v secretary_n taurion_n be_v appoint_v governor_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o alexander_n have_v the_o command_n of_o the_o king_n guard_n but_o in_o conclusion_n megalea_n and_o leontius_n be_v creature_n of_o apelles_n he_o dispose_v they_o as_o he_o please_v and_o therefore_o set_v all_o his_o art_n at_o work_n to_o remove_v alexander_n and_o taurion_n from_o authority_n that_o himself_o may_v have_v the_o power_n or_o execute_v it_o by_o instrument_n of_o his_o own_o all_o which_o design_n he_o 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hard_a to_o determine_v which_o of_o those_o two_o be_v likely_a to_o give_v such_o advice_n albeit_o he_o have_v not_o be_v then_o present_a at_o council_n for_o it_o will_v be_v nowhere_o find_v in_o the_o whole_a life_n of_o aratus_n that_o he_o ever_o act_v any_o thing_n temerarious_o and_o without_o solid_a deliberation_n while_n on_o the_o contrary_a demetrius_n never_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o with_o precipitation_n and_o we_o shall_v show_v and_o plain_o evidence_n by_o their_o behaviour_n in_o the_o like_a occurrence_n the_o difference_n of_o the_o mind_n and_o manner_n of_o these_o two_o man_n as_o occasion_n shall_v be_v give_v we_o but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o story_n philip_n take_v with_o he_o all_o that_o can_v convenient_o be_v carry_v march_v from_o therm_n by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v the_o booty_n he_o order_v to_o go_v in_o the_o van_n guard_v by_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n the_o rear_n guard_n be_v assign_v to_o the_o acarnanian_o and_o mercenary_a stranger_n 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country_n all_o along_o as_o he_o go_v till_o he_o come_v to_o conope_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o day_n to_o refresh_v his_o army_n and_o then_o continue_v his_o march_v towards_o stratus_n along_o the_o river_n achelous_n where_o encamp_v out_o of_o shot_n of_o their_o work_n on_o a_o eminence_n that_o command_v the_o town_n he_o from_o thence_o vex_v and_o molest_v the_o inhabitant_n but_o come_v to_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v strengthen_v the_o garrison_n with_o a_o recruit_v of_o three_o thousand_o aetolian_n and_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n and_o none_o dare_v to_o adventure_v out_o against_o he_o he_o decamp_v and_o march_v to_o limnoea_n purpose_v from_o thence_o to_o embark_v nevertheless_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n begin_v to_o move_v and_o be_v get_v some_o distance_n past_o the_o town_n a_o party_n of_o aetolian_a horse_n make_v a_o sally_n and_o charge_v they_o these_o be_v back_v by_o the_o candiot_n and_o more_o aetolian_n that_o 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on_o by_o all_o man_n to_o have_v be_v very_o dare_v to_o adventure_v as_o he_o do_v among_o those_o dangerous_a and_o untraveled_a place_n which_o no_o army_n have_v ever_o do_v before_o nevertheless_o he_o succeed_v in_o his_o enterprise_n march_v and_o return_v in_o safety_n after_o he_o have_v thorough_o execute_v what_o he_o have_v design_v wherefore_o to_o express_v his_o joy_n he_o make_v a_o solemn_a feast_n for_o his_o officer_n where_o megaleas_n and_o leontius_n who_o have_v be_v much_o disappoint_v and_o look_v with_o a_o evil_a eye_n on_o the_o good_a fortune_n of_o their_o master_n have_v as_o we_o have_v hear_v complot_v with_o apelles_n to_o give_v he_o all_o the_o impediment_n they_o shall_v be_v able_a but_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n prevent_v the_o good_a fortune_n which_o attend_v his_o arm_n be_v however_o present_a though_o their_o behaviour_n there_o express_v so_o much_o distaste_n that_o it_o be_v not_o unobserved_a by_o the_o king_n and_o those_o about_o he_o who_o thereby_o collect_v that_o they_o have_v different_a sentiment_n from_o the_o rest_n touch_v the_o prosperity_n of_o his_o affair_n and_o now_o when_o all_o be_v well_o warm_v with_o wine_n megaleas_n and_o leontius_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v as_o other_o do_v come_v at_o length_n more_o open_o to_o manifest_v their_o mind_n for_o be_v now_o drink_v they_o go_v from_o place_n to_o place_n in_o search_n of_o aratus_n and_o meet_v he_o as_o he_o be_v return_v from_o the_o feast_n they_o first_o attack_v he_o with_o rude_a language_n and_o afterward_o come_v to_o offer_v violence_n whereupon_o a_o tumult_n arise_v and_o the_o soldier_n come_v about_o they_o from_o all_o quarter_n insomuch_o as_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v in_o disorder_n the_o king_n upon_o notice_n hereof_o immediate_o send_v to_o appease_v the_o tumult_n and_o to_o have_v a_o account_n how_o it_o happen_v where_o after_o aratus_n have_v report_v to_o he_o how_o every_o thing_n have_v pass_v and_o have_v vouch_v it_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o such_o as_o be_v present_a he_o retire_v to_o his_o tent._n leontius_n have_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n conceal_v himself_o in_o the_o crowd_n private_o withdraw_v the_o king_n be_v now_o full_o inform_v of_o every_o thing_n command_v megaleas_n and_o crinon_n to_o be_v bring_v before_o he_o who_o he_o very_o severe_o reprove_v but_o they_o be_v not_o only_o not_o humble_v and_o make_v sensible_a of_o their_o fault_n but_o add_v insolence_n to_o their_o error_n plain_o tell_v the_o king_n that_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o change_v their_o mind_n till_o they_o have_v be_v thorough_o revenge_v on_o aratus_n whereupon_o the_o king_n great_o move_v at_o this_o their_o behaviour_n immediate_o condemn_v they_o in_o a_o fine_a of_o twenty_o talent_n each_o and_o put_v they_o under_o a_o arrest_n and_o send_v the_o next_o day_n for_o aratus_n express_v his_o sense_n of_o the_o violence_n which_o have_v be_v offer_v he_o give_v he_o assurance_n of_o his_o protection_n and_o that_o he_o will_v take_v due_a care_n to_o do_v he_o right_o leontius_n be_v inform_v how_o the_o king_n have_v proceed_v with_o megaleas_n come_v bold_o to_o he_o accompany_v with_o a_o party_n of_o his_o bucklerman_n think_v thereby_o to_o put_v he_o into_o some_o apprehension_n he_o be_v yet_o but_o young_a and_o to_o awe_v he_o into_o another_o resolution_n touch_v the_o offender_n wherefore_o he_o bold_o demand_v of_o he_o who_o it_o be_v that_o have_v presume_v to_o lay_v hand_n on_o megaleas_n and_o cast_v he_o into_o prison_n but_o when_o the_o king_n firm_o reply_v and_o with_o a_o assurance_n worthy_a of_o himself_o that_o whatsoever_o have_v be_v do_v be_v by_o his_o express_a command_n leontius_n be_v confound_v and_o betwixt_o grief_n and_o indignation_n retire_v from_o his_o presence_n here_o philip_n embark_v and_o arrive_v
determination_n to_o march_v and_o to_o take_v their_o way_n by_o laconia_n through_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o to_o join_v the_o king_n force_n with_o what_o speed_n they_o may_v according_o they_o take_v the_o field_n and_o arrive_v near_o glympia_n a_o fortress_n on_o the_o border_n of_o the_o argian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n it_o chance_v that_o they_o do_v not_o encamp_v with_o that_o circumspection_n which_o they_o ought_v have_v neither_o retrenchment_n or_o palisade_n nor_o be_v the_o place_n where_o they_o encamp_v well_o choose_v but_o in_o confidence_n of_o the_o good_a will_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n they_o quarter_v themselves_o under_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o place_n lycurgus_n come_v to_o understand_v the_o messenian_n be_v arrive_v take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o a_o small_a party_n of_o lacedoemonian_o and_o march_v to_o attack_v they_o and_o come_v upon_o they_o about_o the_o close_a of_o the_o evening_n bold_o attempt_v their_o camp_n and_o now_o though_o the_o messenian_n have_v act_v otherwise_o imprudent_o in_o every_o thing_n and_o have_v march_v with_o too_o small_a a_o force_n and_o destitute_a of_o officer_n in_o who_o judgement_n and_o ability_n they_o may_v rely_v nevertheless_o their_o behaviour_n in_o this_o rencounter_n be_v without_o blame_n consider_v the_o surprise_n for_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o receive_v notice_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o lycurgus_n leave_v all_o their_o lumber_n and_o whatever_o may_v trouble_v they_o behind_o they_o retire_v to_o a_o certain_a fortress_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n get_v nothing_o but_o their_o baggage_n and_o a_o few_o horse_n of_o their_o foot_n they_o lose_v not_o a_o man_n and_o of_o their_o horse_n not_o above_o eight_o or_o nine_o who_o fall_v on_o the_o spot_n after_o this_o defeat_n the_o messenian_n return_v home_n by_o the_o way_n of_o argos_n and_o lycurgus_n exalt_v with_o his_o success_n march_v back_o to_o sparta_n where_o he_o fall_v to_o make_v of_o new_a levy_n and_o to_o deliberate_v with_o his_o friend_n how_o to_o proceed_v so_o as_o to_o oblige_v philip_n to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n before_o he_o leave_v laconia_n but_o the_o king_n nevertheless_o march_v from_o elia_n plunder_v and_o ravage_v the_o country_n all_o along_o in_o his_o way_n and_o four_o day_n aster_v return_v to_o amycla_n with_o his_o army_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o soon_o as_o lycurgus_n have_v give_v the_o necessary_a order_n to_o his_o friend_n and_o officer_n touch_v the_o battle_n they_o have_v resolve_v on_o he_o command_v the_o troop_n to_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o town_n consist_v of_o about_o two_o thousand_o man_n take_v possession_n of_o all_o the_o near_a post_n to_o menelaium_n leave_v instruction_n with_o those_o that_o be_v appoint_v to_o remain_v within_o the_o town_n to_o have_v a_o special_a regard_n to_o a_o signal_n that_o he_o will_v give_v they_o which_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o see_v they_o shall_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o town_n with_o all_o expedition_n and_o by_o as_o many_o way_n as_o they_o can_v and_o draw_v up_o on_o a_o certain_a ground_n where_o the_o river_n run_v near_a to_o the_o town_n in_o this_o posture_n stand_v matter_n between_o the_o two_o army_n but_o lest_o our_o relation_n shall_v seem_v obscure_a through_o want_n of_o due_a light_n in_o the_o nature_n and_o situation_n of_o place_n about_o which_o we_o treat_v we_o shall_v therefore_o do_v our_o best_a to_o be_v as_o clear_v in_o that_o as_o in_o our_o account_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n which_o shall_v be_v our_o manner_n throughout_o our_o whole_a work_n some_o place_n which_o be_v unknown_a we_o shall_v describe_v by_o compare_v they_o with_o other_o that_o be_v know_v distinguish_v they_o by_o mark_n and_o note_n of_o common_a observation_n for_o through_o want_n of_o a_o right_a information_n herein_o many_o and_o great_a error_n have_v be_v commit_v in_o the_o conduct_n of_o erterprise_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n but_o we_o shall_v labour_v our_o utmost_a that_o the_o reader_n of_o our_o history_n may_v be_v instruct_v as_o well_o in_o the_o manner_n as_o matter_n of_o occurrence_n and_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v leave_v unsay_v touch_v the_o description_n of_o town_n and_o country_n and_o principal_o in_o military_a adventure_n wherein_o the_o better_a to_o explain_v our_o mind_n we_o shall_v have_v recourse_n sometime_o to_o some_o certain_a port_n of_o the_o sea_n sometime_o to_o a_o island_n sometime_o to_o some_o conspicuous_a temple_n promontory_n oâ—_n mountain_n or_o the_o name_n of_o some_o country_n and_o in_o short_a the_o divers_a region_n of_o the_o heaven_n as_o be_v thing_n general_o know_v and_o familiar_a to_o mankind_n it_o be_v by_o this_o method_n then_o i_o say_v that_o we_o hope_v to_o be_v able_a to_o lead_v the_o reader_n to_o a_o just_a conception_n of_o place_n and_o situation_n to_o he_o otherwise_o unknown_a to_o give_v a_o general_a description_n then_o of_o thâ—_n city_n of_o sparta_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o figure_n it_o be_v round_o it_o stand_v on_o a_o plain_a or_o bottom_n where_o there_o rise_v here_o and_o there_o certain_a hillock_n or_o eminence_n and_o some_o place_n be_v waste_v and_o barren_a on_o the_o westside_n run_v the_o river_n eurotas_n which_o be_v deep_a and_o unfordable_a at_o certain_a season_n of_o the_o year_n the_o mountain_n of_o menelaium_n be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n regard_v the_o north-east_n part_n of_o the_o town_n these_o be_v almost_o inaccessible_a and_o exceed_o high_a command_v all_o the_o space_n of_o ground_n lie_v between_o the_o eurotas_n and_o the_o town_n which_o space_n in_o a_o word_n take_v likewise_o the_o river_n into_o the_o account_n which_o run_v by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v not_o above_o a_o furlong_n and_o a_o half_a wide_a now_o by_o this_o way_n king_n philip_n be_v oblige_v to_o pass_v in_o his_o return_n from_o his_o expedition_n have_v on_o his_o left_a the_o town_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n and_o on_o his_o right_n the_o river_n and_o the_o troop_n of_o lycurgus_n post_v on_o the_o skirt_n of_o the_o hill_n furthermore_o the_o lacedoemonian_o have_v stop_v the_o course_n of_o the_o river_n have_v bring_v all_o that_o space_n of_o ground_n we_o mention_v under_o water_n so_o that_o it_o become_v impossible_a for_o their_o foot_n much_o less_o their_o horse_n to_o march_v wherefore_o the_o king_n army_n have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o go_v but_o in_o defilée_v along_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o mountain_n by_o which_o mean_n neither_o party_n can_v sustain_v or_o relieve_v the_o other_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n will_v run_v a_o mighty_a hazard_n march_v so_o expose_v to_o the_o continual_a shot_n of_o the_o enemy_n philip_n therefore_o well_o weigh_v the_o peril_n resolve_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v better_o first_o do_v than_o to_o attempt_n lycurgus_n and_o endeavour_v to_o beat_v he_o from_o his_o post_n wherefore_o take_v with_o he_o his_o mercenary_n and_o bucklerman_n which_o be_v sustain_v by_o the_o illyrian_n he_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o march_v direct_o towards_o the_o hill_n lycurgus_n who_o can_v not_o but_o understand_v the_o king_n purpose_n put_v himself_o in_o a_o posture_n to_o receive_v he_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v signal_n to_o those_o within_o the_o town_n who_o immediate_o sally_v out_o and_o draw_v up_o as_o they_o have_v be_v order_v place_v the_o horse_n on_o their_o right_n when_o philip_n be_v advance_v somewhat_o near_o to_o lycurgus_n he_o order_v the_o mercenary_n to_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z and_o so_o begin_v the_o battle_n for_o a_o while_n the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v the_o advantage_n both_o in_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o ground_n have_v also_o the_o better_a in_o the_o dispute_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o bucklerman_n advance_v to_o sustain_v the_o other_o and_o that_o philip_n himself_o with_o the_o illyrian_n fall_v on_o their_o flank_n the_o mercenary_n on_o the_o come_n up_o of_o this_o relief_n take_v new_a courage_n and_o engage_v with_o so_o much_o bravery_n that_o lycurgus_n be_v worsted_n and_o betake_v himself_o to_o flight_n leave_v about_o a_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n dead_a on_o the_o place_n and_o 〈◊〉_d great_a number_n that_o be_v take_v prisoner_n many_o get_v into_o the_o town_n and_o lycurgâ—s_n himself_n favour_v by_o the_o come_n on_o of_o the_o night_n get_v likewise_o through_o byway_n into_o sparta_n whereupon_o philip_n have_v now_o the_o mountain_n to_o friend_n where_o he_o place_v the_o illyrian_n on_o the_o guard_n return_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o mercenary_n to_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n at_o the_o same_o time_n aratus_n come_v from_o amyclâ—e_n with_o the_o phalanx_n on_o who_o approach_n to_o the_o town_n philip_n repass_a the_o river_n to_o
countenance_v his_o march_n post_v himself_o with_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o cover_v those_o also_o who_o carry_v heavy_a arm_n during_o their_o passage_n by_o that_o straight_a piece_n of_o ground_n along_o by_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n those_o who_o be_v draw_v up_o near_a the_o town_n attack_v the_o horse_n who_o be_v post_v to_o cover_v the_o march_n of_o the_o rest_n in_o which_o occasion_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o obstinate_a where_o the_o bucklerman_n perform_v excellent_a service_n but_o in_o conclusion_n the_o king_n have_v the_o better_a here_o likewise_o and_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n horse_n to_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o city_n pass_v the_o river_n without_o difficulty_n and_o join_v the_o phalanx_n but_o night_n now_o approach_v he_o find_v it_o behoveful_a to_o hasten_v his_o retreat_n and_o be_v oblige_v to_o encamp_v on_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n just_a without_o the_o straight_a or_o defilée_n it_o so_o chance_v that_o the_o guide_n themselves_o have_v pitch_v on_o that_o very_a place_n wherein_o to_o encamp_v be_v so_o advantageous_a a_o spot_n that_o whosoever_o will_v make_v incursion_n into_o laconia_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o choose_v a_o more_o commodious_a post_n for_o it_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n to_o tegaea_n and_o the_o inland_a part_n of_o the_o country_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o defilée_n distant_a about_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o mile_n from_o sparta_n that_o side_n which_o look_v towards_o the_o town_n be_v cover_v by_o the_o brow_n of_o a_o inaccessible_a hill_n it_o lie_v i_o say_v just_a under_o the_o rock_n and_o precipice_n thereof_o be_v a_o level_a piece_n of_o ground_n plentiful_o supply_v with_o water_n insomuch_o as_o it_o seem_v destine_v by_o nature_n to_o ensure_v to_o the_o soldier_n a_o safâ—_n entrance_n and_o retreat_n where_o be_v once_o encamp_v and_o master_n of_o the_o eminence_n they_o may_v with_o assurance_n say_v they_o be_v both_o safe_a and_o possess_v of_o a_o most_o pleasant_a post_n which_o command_v the_o passage_n in_o and_o out_o of_o the_o straight_a here_o philip_n have_v pass_v the_o night_n without_o any_o alarm_n in_o the_o morning_n cause_v his_o baggage_n first_o to_o march_v and_o lead_v the_o army_n into_o the_o plain_n he_o there_o draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n in_o view_n of_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n where_o he_o remain_v a_o while_n to_o see_v if_o the_o enemy_n be_v dispose_v to_o further_a action_n then_o make_v a_o short_a turn_n take_v his_o way_n towards_o tegaea_n and_o come_v to_o the_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n have_v be_v heretofore_o fight_v between_o antigonus_n and_o cleomenes_n he_o there_o encamp_v and_o the_o next_o day_n after_o he_o have_v well_o observe_v every_o thing_n and_o sacrifice_v on_o the_o top_n of_o either_o mountain_n the_o one_o be_v call_v olympia_n the_o other_o eva_n secure_v his_o rearguard_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n to_o tegaea_n where_o he_o command_v the_o booty_n to_o be_v sell_v and_o then_o return_v by_o argoâ—_n to_o corinth_n with_o the_o whole_a army_n there_o he_o be_v meet_v by_o ambassador_n from_o rhodes_n and_o chios_n who_o be_v dispatch_v to_o he_o on_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o pacification_n the_o king_n give_v they_o audience_n and_o make_v semblance_n of_o a_o inclination_n to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o aetolian_n with_o who_o he_o wish_v they_o to_o confer_v and_o deliberate_v by_o what_o mean_v it_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v so_o dismiss_v the_o ambassador_n he_o go_v to_o lechoeum_n purpose_v to_o embark_v from_o thence_o in_o order_n to_o a_o descent_n on_o the_o land_n of_o the_o phocian_o where_o he_o have_v meditate_a some_o enterprise_n of_o great_a importance_n about_o this_o time_n leontius_n megaleas_n and_o ptolemy_n be_v not_o yet_o total_o out_o of_o hope_n of_o give_v some_o apprehension_n to_o king_n philip_n endeavour_v so_o to_o cover_v their_o old_a crime_n to_o foment_n a_o murmur_a among_o the_o bucklerman_n and_o the_o king_n guard_n and_o they_o themselves_o instill_a the_o like_a seditious_a opinion_n that_o they_o who_o be_v first_o in_o all_o hazard_n and_o secure_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n from_o danger_n be_v not_o treat_v according_a to_o their_o merit_n and_o be_v not_o only_o not_o consider_v and_o distinguish_v by_o any_o particular_a reward_n for_o their_o service_n but_o even_o such_o booty_n as_o fell_v into_o their_o hand_n be_v take_v from_o they_o notwithstanding_o the_o constant_a custom_n in_o the_o like_a case_n to_o the_o contrary_n after_o this_o manner_n they_o have_v so_o inflame_v they_o that_o assemble_v in_o party_n they_o attempt_v and_o rifle_v the_o quarter_n of_o the_o king_n be_v chief_a friend_n and_o favourite_n insomuch_o that_o their_o insolence_n grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o they_o forbear_v not_o at_o length_n the_o king_n be_v own_o lodging_n break_v the_o roof_n thereof_o this_o mutiny_n spread_v so_o great_a terror_n and_o disturbance_n about_o the_o city_n that_o the_o king_n have_v notice_n thereof_o come_v with_o all_o possible_a expedition_n from_o lechoeum_n and_o immediate_o assemble_v the_o macedonian_n partly_o by_o remonstrance_n partly_o by_o menace_n appease_v the_o tumult_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o on_o such_o occasion_n man_n be_v of_o divers_a mind_n some_o advise_v to_o find_v out_o and_o seize_v on_o the_o author_n of_o the_o sedition_n to_o make_v they_o example_n other_o that_o it_o be_v better_a to_o reduce_v thing_n to_o order_n and_o pacify_v the_o tumult_n without_o any_o further_a process_n or_o inquisition_n wherefore_o the_o king_n hide_v his_o purpose_n for_o the_o present_a and_o seem_v well_o satisfy_v with_o what_o he_o have_v already_o do_v exhort_v they_o only_o to_o union_n and_o better_a obedience_n and_o so_o dismiss_v the_o assembly_n not_o but_o that_o he_o be_v well_o aware_a who_o have_v be_v the_o prime_a mover_n and_o instigator_n of_o the_o sedition_n but_o think_v it_o wisdom_n at_o that_o time_n to_o seem_v less_o know_v than_o he_o be_v but_o these_o stir_n be_v soon_o over_o and_o king_n philip_n phocian_n expedition_n likewise_o at_o that_o time_n for_o certain_a reason_n respite_v and_o now_o leontius_n come_v to_o perceive_v the_o vanity_n of_o his_o guilty_a project_n and_o the_o dangerous_a state_n he_o have_v contract_v have_v recourse_n to_o apelles_n solicit_v his_o return_n from_o chalcis_n and_o give_v he_o frequent_a intimation_n of_o the_o many_o difficulty_n he_o meet_v with_o and_o that_o the_o king_n grow_v into_o great_a dislike_n of_o he_o in_o every_o thing_n now_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o during_o apelleâ—_n residence_n at_o chalcis_n his_o deportment_n be_v more_o like_o a_o sovereign_a prince_n than_o a_o subject_a govern_v all_o thing_n with_o a_o arbitrary_a authority_n and_o labour_v to_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o his_o sufficiency_n and_o power_n and_o that_o the_o king_n act_v nothing_o but_o by_o his_o counsel_n by_o which_o mean_n he_o dispose_v absolute_o of_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o all_o who_o be_v in_o the_o magistracy_n and_o have_v charge_n of_o the_o affair_n in_o macedon_n and_o thessaly_n ever_o apply_v to_o he_o and_o take_v his_o direction_n in_o all_o their_o consultation_n and_o iâ—_n short_a when_o at_o any_o time_n any_o of_o the_o greâ—â—_n town_n have_v occasion_n to_o publish_v any_o new_a law_n or_o ordinance_n or_o to_o confer_v honour_n or_o preferment_n there_o be_v hardly_o any_o mention_n madâ—_n of_o the_o king_n but_o of_o apelles_n wherefore_o when_o philip_n come_v to_o be_v right_o inform_v of_o all_o these_o thing_n he_o grow_v justlâ—_n sensible_a of_o the_o outrage_n that_o have_v be_v donâ—_n he_o nor_o be_v aratus_n want_v to_o warm_a hiâ—_n indignation_n howbeit_o he_o carry_v his_o resentment_n so_o close_o that_o none_o be_v privy_a to_o his_o purpose_n or_o know_v any_o thing_n of_o his_o mind_n apelles_n therefore_o far_o from_o suspect_v the_o least_o coldness_n from_o the_o king_n be_v persuade_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v receive_v at_o court_n after_o his_o wont_a manner_n and_o soon_o dispose_v of_o the_o king_n mind_n at_o his_o pleasure_n wherefore_o he_o leave_v chalcis_n to_o come_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o leontius_n and_o now_o as_o he_o draw_v near_o to_o corinth_n ptolemy_n leontius_n and_o megaleas_n who_o command_v the_o bucklerman_n and_o have_v prime_a authority_n in_o the_o army_n so_o wrought_v that_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o king_n troop_n go_v out_o to_o meet_v and_o accompany_v he_o insomuch_o that_o what_o with_o officer_n and_o soldier_n they_o compose_v a_o pompon_n train_n with_o which_o he_o make_v his_o entrance_n into_o the_o town_n and_o so_o go_v direct_o to_o wait_v on_o the_o king_n but_o while_o he_o attempt_v according_a to_o his_o manner_n heretofore_o to_o enter_v into_o
be_v not_o far_o from_o hyrcania_n it_o extend_v towards_o the_o south_n to_o mesopotamia_n and_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o apolloniates_n nor_o be_v it_o remote_a from_o persia_n be_v cover_v on_o that_o side_n by_o the_o mountain_n zagros_n which_o have_v a_o ascent_n of_o above_o twelve_o miles_n and_o whereas_o this_o mountain_n be_v divide_v and_o break_v into_o many_o part_n and_o eminency_n it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o there_o be_v divers_a valley_n and_o deep_a descent_n which_o be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o cossoei_n corbrenoe_n and_o carchi_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o be_v general_o give_v to_o war._n towards_o the_o west_n they_o approach_v the_o country_n of_o atropatii_n who_o be_v not_o far_o from_o those_o people_n who_o dominion_n extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o euxine_a sea_n the_o frontier_n of_o media_n towards_o the_o north_n be_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o elymaei_fw-la ariaracoe_n cadducoei_n matiani_fw-la and_o in_o short_a overlook_v those_o country_n on_o the_o pontic_a sea_n that_o join_v the_o palus_n moeotis_n the_o country_n be_v also_o part_v into_o sundry_a division_n by_o mountain_n which_o run_v through_o it_o from_o east_n to_o west_n between_o which_o there_o be_v plain_n abound_v with_o city_n and_o people_v place_n as_o soon_o as_o molon_n have_v make_v himself_o master_n of_o this_o country_n the_o most_o proper_a of_o all_o other_o wherein_o to_o establish_v the_o seat_n of_o his_o dominion_n over_o and_o above_o that_o he_o be_v become_v formidable_a as_o be_v note_v by_o the_o power_n he_o have_v acquire_v he_o grow_v likewise_o into_o such_o reputation_n that_o the_o people_n of_o asia_n believe_v he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v resist_v especial_o when_o they_o see_v the_o king_n army_n have_v be_v force_v to_o retreat_n into_o town_n for_o safety_n which_o they_o take_v for_o grant_v be_v no_o other_o than_o yield_v up_o the_o field_n this_o success_n great_o augment_v the_o courage_n and_o expectation_n of_o his_o army_n wherefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o march_v to_o the_o siege_n of_o seleucia_n but_o be_v prevent_v in_o that_o design_n by_o zeux_n who_o have_v seize_v on_o the_o vessel_n of_o transportation_n he_o retire_v to_o a_o place_n call_v ctesiphon_n where_o he_o make_v plentiful_a provision_n of_o all_o necessary_n for_o the_o winter_v of_o his_o army_n when_o the_o king_n come_v to_o understand_v that_o molon_n advance_v and_o that_o his_o own_o army_n retire_v he_o then_o resolve_v to_o go_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o force_n and_o to_o respite_n for_o a_o while_n his_o expedition_z against_o ptolemy_n but_o hermias_n continue_v firm_a to_o his_o purpose_n and_o prevail_v to_o divert_v he_o so_o xenoetas_n a_o achaean_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n have_v as_o absolute_a authority_n as_o if_o the_o king_n have_v be_v there_o in_o person_n hermias_n demonstrate_v that_o it_o be_v enough_o for_o prince_n to_o make_v war_n against_o rebel_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n but_o that_o king_n ought_v to_o oppose_v themselves_o only_o to_o their_o equal_n where_o glory_n and_o empire_n be_v the_o subject_a in_o dispute_n thus_o have_v the_o young_a prince_n entire_o in_o his_o possession_n he_o prevail_v to_o carry_v on_o his_o first_o design_n so_o they_o go_v to_o apamea_n where_o they_o assemble_v the_o troop_n from_o thence_o the_o king_n lead_v his_o army_n to_o laodicea_n then_o march_v through_o the_o desert_n they_o come_v to_o the_o valley_n of_o marsya_n between_o the_o mountain_n libanus_n and_o anti-libanus_n a_o place_n very_o straight_o and_o enclose_v by_o those_o mountain_n which_o come_v almost_o to_o touch_v and_o there_o where_o it_o be_v narrow_a it_o be_v full_a of_o low_a and_o watery_a ground_n where_o they_o gather_v odoriferous_a dew_n the_o castle_n of_o brochi_n command_v on_o the_o one_o side_n of_o the_o straight_a on_o the_o other_o that_o of_o gerra_n there_o be_v only_o a_o narrow_a way_n between_o they_o after_o some_o time_n have_v be_v spend_v in_o their_o march_n through_o this_o vale_n and_o the_o take_n in_o some_o neighbour_a town_n the_o king_n approach_v gerra_n but_o both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o fortress_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o theodotus_n the_o aetolian_a who_o have_v likewise_o well_o fortify_v the_o defilée_n about_o the_o low_a ground_n and_o post_v troop_n commodious_o for_o defence_n the_o king_n resolve_v to_o force_v his_o passage_n but_o when_o he_o have_v well_o consider_v that_o by_o seiges_n he_o shall_v harrass_n his_o army_n and_o be_v more_o a_o sufferer_n himself_o than_o the_o enemy_n and_o have_v some_o reason_n to_o believe_v that_o theodotus_n will_v short_o be_v wrought_v over_o to_o his_o service_n he_o forbear_v to_o prosecute_v that_o enterprise_n so_o that_o have_v no_o present_a prospect_n of_o succeed_v here_o and_o receive_v notice_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o xenoetas_n and_o that_o molon_n victorious_a have_v subdue_v many_o province_n he_o resolve_v to_o relinquish_v all_o other_o design_n and_o deliberate_v on_o those_o affair_n which_o more_o near_o concern_v he_o for_o xenoetas_n as_o we_o note_v be_v send_v with_o a_o authority_n full_a and_o absolute_a can_v not_o well_o bear_v that_o degree_n of_o greatness_n which_o he_o have_v never_o hope_v to_o attain_v but_o grow_v insolent_a towards_o his_o friend_n and_o act_v inconsiderate_o against_o the_o enemy_n for_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o seleucia_n have_v diogenes_n governor_n of_o susiana_n and_o pythias_n with_o he_o who_o bring_v his_o troop_n from_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o red-sea_n under_o his_o command_n he_o come_v and_o encamp_v in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v cover_v on_o that_o side_n by_o the_o tigris_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n many_o deserter_n from_o molon_n army_n swim_v the_o river_n come_v over_o to_o xenoetas_n who_o give_v he_o assurance_n that_o in_o case_n he_o pass_v the_o river_n with_o his_o army_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n troop_n will_v revolt_v to_o he_o many_o of_o the_o leader_n be_v disoblige_v by_o molon_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n in_o general_n be_v dispose_v to_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n xenoetas_n encourage_v by_o these_o report_n resolve_v to_o pass_v over_o the_o army_n and_o show_v a_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o bridge_n at_o a_o certain_a place_n where_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o stream_n the_o earth_n be_v cast_v up_o in_o form_n of_o a_o island_n but_o he_o do_v not_o prosecute_v that_o design_n whereupon_o molon_n make_v a_o jest_n of_o his_o project_n nevertheless_o xenoetas_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n cause_v boat_n to_o be_v build_v and_o seize_v on_o other_o where_o they_o can_v be_v sound_a to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v purpose_v then_o pick_v out_o a_o body_n of_o the_o best_a troop_n of_o the_o army_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o leave_v zeux_n and_o pythias_n with_o the_o rest_n to_o guard_v the_o camp_n he_o waste_v over_o his_o man_n by_o night_n march_v and_o encamp_v about_o ten_o mile_n above_o the_o enemy_n where_o he_o make_v choice_n of_o a_o commodious_a and_o well-defended_a piece_n of_o ground_n to_o encamp_v in_o for_o the_o river_n environ_v it_o almost_o quite_o round_o and_o the_o rest_n be_v secure_v by_o a_o moor_n and_o deep_a boggy_a ground_n molon_n upon_o knowledge_n hereof_o detach_v a_o body_n of_o horse_n with_o command_n to_o march_v towards_o the_o enemy_n partly_o to_o prevent_v the_o pass_n of_o those_o that_o remain_v behind_o and_o partly_o to_o attack_v those_o who_o be_v already_o get_v over_o but_o on_o their_o approach_n to_o xenoetas_n camp_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o the_o sword_n of_o a_o enemy_n to_o defeat_v they_o for_o be_v it_o seem_v unacquainted_a with_o the_o ground_n and_o country_n about_o it_o they_o chance_v to_o fall_v among_o the_o bog_n and_o watery_a place_n whereby_o not_o only_o their_o design_n miscarry_v but_o most_o of_o the_o party_n be_v lose_v wherefore_o xenoetas_n now_o persuade_v that_o if_o he_o draw_v near_o to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n will_v desert_n to_o he_o take_v his_o march_n along_o the_o river_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v close_o by_o they_o whereupon_o molon_n either_o out_o of_o stratagem_n or_o some_o real_a doubt_n of_o the_o soldier_n disposition_n leave_v his_o camp_n by_o night_n with_o all_o his_o baggage_n seem_v to_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o media_n xenoetas_n now_o believe_v that_o molon_n have_v forsake_v his_o camp_n through_o â—ear_n upon_o his_o approach_n or_o through_o distrust_n of_o his_o own_o troop_n take_v possession_n thereof_o where_o he_o quarter_v his_o army_n give_v his_o order_n that_o the_o horse_n and_o baggage_n of_o zeux_n camp_n shall_v forthwith_o pass_v over_o and_o join_v he_o then_o assemble_v the_o soldier_n he_o encourage_v they_o
reply_v with_o indignation_n that_o he_o hold_v no_o intercourse_n with_o rebel_n but_o alexis_n bold_o affirm_v the_o contrary_a demand_v leave_v to_o search_v and_o entere_v by_o force_n into_o his_o lodging_n he_o find_v the_o letter_n with_o which_o pretext_n he_o immediate_o kill_v epigenes_n on_o the_o place_n the_o king_n be_v persuade_v to_o think_v he_o guilty_a and_o though_o the_o principal_a man_n about_o he_o be_v awe_v into_o silence_n and_o do_v not_o dare_v to_o move_v therein_o nevertheless_o the_o action_n give_v they_o great_a jealousy_n and_o offence_n upon_o the_o army_n arrival_n at_o euphrates_n antiochus_n join_v the_o troop_n that_o he_o find_v there_o and_o pursue_v his_o march_n and_o come_v near_o antioch_n in_o mygdonia_n winter_n be_v now_o at_o hand_n he_o there_o remain_v till_o the_o cold_n be_v over_o and_o in_o forty_o day_n after_o arrive_v at_o liba_n here_o he_o fall_v to_o deliberate_v with_o his_o officer_n what_o course_n be_v best_a to_o take_v to_o find_v out_o molon_n and_o by_o what_o mean_v they_o shall_v sustain_v the_o army_n in_o their_o march_n for_o molon_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o all_o the_o country_n about_o babylon_n hermias_n propose_v to_o keep_v along_o the_o river_n tigris_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o shall_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o that_o river_n and_o two_o other_o lycus_n and_o kâ—pros_n to_o cover_v and_o defend_v their_o camp_n but_o zeux_n though_o he_o want_v assurance_n to_o deliver_v his_o mind_n as_o he_o ought_v have_v the_o fate_n of_o epigenes_n before_o his_o eye_n nevertheless_o such_o be_v the_o weakness_n and_o danger_n of_o hermias_n advice_n that_o with_o some_o difficulty_n he_o reply_v that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o their_o pass_v the_o tigris_n and_o make_v appear_v the_o great_a impediment_n they_o shall_v meet_v with_o in_o hold_v their_o march_n along_o the_o river_n he_o principal_o urge_v that_o after_o a_o long_a and_o tedious_a journey_n and_o a_o march_n of_o six_o day_n through_o a_o continue_a desert_n they_o will_v come_v to_o a_o place_n call_v the_o king_n ditch_n which_o place_n if_o it_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n will_v entire_o bar_v their_o further_a progress_n which_o may_v be_v the_o mean_n of_o expose_v the_o army_n to_o great_a danger_n by_o their_o be_v compel_v to_o return_v by_o the_o desert_n where_o which_o be_v especial_o to_o be_v consider_v they_o shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o want_v every_o needful_a thing_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n he_o make_v appear_v that_o in_o case_n they_o pass_v the_o tigris_n it_o be_v more_o than_o probable_a that_o those_o of_o the_o country_n of_o apollonia_n will_v see_v their_o error_n and_o return_v to_o their_o duty_n who_o it_o be_v plain_a be_v compel_v and_o not_o out_o of_o goodwill_n but_o out_o of_o fear_n and_o necessity_n have_v take_v part_n with_o molon_n furthermore_o be_v to_o march_v through_o a_o plentiful_a country_n there_o will_v be_v no_o danger_n of_o be_v drive_v to_o strait_n for_o any_o thing_n and_o what_o be_v of_o further_a importance_n when_o molon_n shall_v see_v his_o passage_n â—ack_o into_o media_n shut_v up_o and_o behold_v himself_o 〈◊〉_d strait_n for_o provision_n he_o will_v be_v constrain_v either_o to_o come_v to_o the_o issue_n of_o a_o battle_n 〈◊〉_d in_o case_n of_o refusal_n will_v hazard_v the_o desertion_n of_o his_o troop_n to_o the_o king_n this_o advice_n of_o zeux_n be_v approve_v pursuant_n to_o which_o the_o army_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o body_n they_o pass_v over_o the_o troop_n with_o their_o baggage_n in_o three_o several_a place_n so_o they_o prosecute_v their_o march_n towards_o dura_n which_o be_v at_o that_o time_n streighten_v by_o one_o of_o molon_n officer_n who_o on_o their_o approach_n leave_v the_o siege_n then_o continue_v their_o march_n without_o halt_v they_o pass_v by_o oricum_n in_o eight_o day_n and_o come_v to_o apollonia_n and_o now_o molon_n be_v inform_v of_o the_o king_n arrival_n and_o not_o be_v very_o well_o assure_v of_o the_o goodwill_n of_o the_o susian_o and_o babylonian_n who_o he_o have_v but_o late_o reduce_v and_o who_o be_v surprise_v into_o submission_n and_o further_o fear_v the_o enemy_n design_n of_o block_v up_o his_o passage_n back_o into_o media_n he_o resolve_v to_o lay_v a_o bridge_n over_o the_o tigris_n and_o pass_v his_o army_n determine_v to_o gain_v the_o mountain_n of_o apollonia_n before_o antiochus_n shall_v arrive_v for_o he_o rely_v much_o on_o his_o slinger_n which_o they_o call_v cyrthii_n whereupon_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o have_v be_v resolve_v he_o march_v the_o army_n away_o with_o great_a diligence_n but_o the_o king_n chance_v to_o move_v with_o all_o his_o troop_n about_o the_o same_o time_n from_o apollonia_n that_o molon_n army_n approach_v the_o mountain_n certain_a advance_v party_n of_o choice_a man_n of_o either_o army_n happen_v to_o meet_v on_o the_o hill_n these_o have_v some_o dispute_n and_o pickeer_v for_o a_o while_n but_o on_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o gross_a of_o the_o army_n they_o retire_v and_o the_o two_o army_n encamp_v about_o five_o mile_n asunder_o but_o molon_n during_o the_o night_n make_v reflection_n how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v for_o man_n in_o rebellion_n to_o march_v against_o their_o prince_n in_o broad-day_n and_o give_v he_o battle_n wherefore_o he_o become_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o much_o safe_a course_n will_v be_v to_o fall_v on_o antiochus_n by_o night_n which_o be_v according_o resolve_v so_o detach_n a_o body_n of_o select_a troop_n he_o lead_v they_o by_o secret_a way_n towards_o the_o mountain_n and_o from_o thence_o determine_v to_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n camp_n from_o high_a ground_n but_o while_o he_o be_v on_o his_o march_n he_o be_v give_v to_o understand_v that_o ten_o of_o his_o people_n have_v desert_v and_o steal_v away_o to_o the_o king_n whereupon_o he_o desist_v and_o return_v back_o by_o the_o way_n he_o come_v but_o come_v to_o the_o camp_n about_o break_v of_o day_n he_o fill_v the_o whole_a army_n with_o fear_n and_o tumult_n for_o be_v surprise_v and_o awaken_v with_o the_o noise_n the_o terror_n grow_v to_o that_o degree_n that_o they_o have_v like_a to_o have_v abandon_v their_o work_n but_o by_o molon_n care_n and_o diligence_n all_o be_v appease_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o king_n who_o be_v prepare_v to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n order_v his_o troop_n to_o march_v out_o by_o break_v of_o day_n on_o the_o right_n of_o the_o battle_n he_o range_v the_o lancier_n under_o the_o lead_v of_o ardyes_n of_o who_o conduct_n in_o war_n he_o have_v receive_v sufficient_a proof_n after_o these_o he_o post_v the_o candiot_n who_o have_v be_v send_v pursuant_n to_o the_o treaty_n of_o peace_n these_o be_v join_v by_o the_o galatian_n and_o tectosages_n and_o next_o these_o he_o place_v the_o mercenary_a stranger_n who_o be_v bring_v from_o greece_n the_o king_n himself_o be_v at_o 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refer_v to_o the_o accord_n make_v by_o the_o several_a prince_n at_o what_o time_n antigonus_n be_v defeat_v and_o vanquish_v cassander_n lysimachus_n and_o seleucus_n meet_v in_o a_o general_n assembly_n to_o deliberate_v on_o that_o subject_a when_o the_o entire_a kingdom_n of_o syria_n be_v adjudge_v to_o seleucus_n those_o who_o be_v present_a on_o the_o part_n of_o ptolemy_n labour_v to_o prove_v the_o contrary_a and_o to_o show_v the_o weakness_n of_o antiochus_n pretension_n and_o further_o to_o exaggerate_v the_o injury_n remonstrate_v the_o indignity_n of_o break_v the_o peace_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o theodotus_n and_o the_o expedition_n of_o antiochus_n that_o ptolemy_n the_o son_n of_o lagus_n enter_v on_o the_o war_n for_o the_o acquisition_n of_o syria_n that_o he_o join_v his_o arm_n with_o seleucus_n conditional_o that_o as_o the_o dominion_n of_o asia_n shall_v be_v he_o so_o the_o low_a syria_n and_o phoenicia_n shall_v fall_v to_o ptolomy_n share_n the_o 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from_o thence_o he_o dispatch_v theodotus_n and_o nicarchus_n with_o order_n to_o possess_v the_o strait_n which_o lead_v to_o the_o river_n lycus_n to_o be_v beforehand_o with_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n himself_o keep_v on_o his_o march_n with_o the_o army_n and_o come_v and_o encamp_v by_o the_o river_n damura_n diognetus_n with_o the_o fleet_n keep_v always_o near_o he_o from_o thence_o take_v with_o he_o nicarchus_n and_o theodotus_n with_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n he_o go_v to_o view_v the_o strait_n where_o nicholaus_fw-la be_v post_v and_o after_o he_o have_v make_v remark_n to_o his_o mind_n he_o return_v back_o to_o the_o camp_n the_o next_o day_n leave_v nicarchus_n with_o the_o command_n of_o his_o heavy-armed_a troop_n behind_o he_o march_v himself_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o put_v in_o execution_n what_o he_o have_v project_v now_o in_o regard_n mount_n libanus_n streighten_v and_o contract_v the_o passage_n by_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o the_o space_n be_v bound_v by_o a_o valley_n waste_n and_o inaccessible_a it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o way_n between_o that_o and_o the_o sea_n be_v very_o narrow_a and_o difficult_a here_o it_o be_v where_o nicolaus_n have_v post_v himself_o where_o by_o place_v good_a guard_n in_o some_o place_n and_o fortify_v other_o with_o work_n he_o think_v he_o shall_v be_v able_a without_o much_o difficulty_n to_o withstand_v antiochus_n passage_n the_o king_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n dispose_v his_o army_n into_o three_o division_n to_o theodotus_n he_o give_v the_o command_n of_o one_o with_o order_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n that_o be_v post_v along_o the_o mountain_n another_o division_n he_o give_v to_o menedemus_n who_o be_v express_o direct_v to_o attempt_v the_o passage_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o vale_n the_o three_o he_o appoint_v for_o a_o reserve_n with_o respect_n to_o what_o may_v happen_v in_o the_o naval_a conflict_n these_o be_v lead_v by_o diocles_n who_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o country_n of_o parapotamia_n near_o the_o euphrates_n antiochus_n himself_o make_v choice_n of_o such_o a_o place_n attend_v only_o by_o his_o guard_n where_o he_o may_v stand_v and_o have_v a_o fair_a view_n of_o all_o that_o pass_v on_o every_o side_n whereby_o be_v a_o spectator_n of_o each_o man_n behaviour_n he_o be_v enable_v to_o judge_v where_o to_o supply_v succour_n in_o case_n of_o need._n and_o now_o diognetus_n and_o perigenes_n draw_v their_o fleet_n into_o a_o line_n of_o battle_n draw_v as_o near_o the_o shore_n as_o they_o can_v insomuch_o as_o the_o whole_a action_n by_o land_n and_o sea_n become_v one_o single_a prospect_n when_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v they_o advance_v to_o the_o attack_z on_o all_o side_n the_o fight_n at_o sea_n continue_v for_o some_o time_n doubtful_a their_o force_n be_v in_o every_o thing_n equal_a and_o notwithstanding_o nicolaus_n seem_v a_o while_n to_o have_v the_o better_a have_v the_o advantage_n of_o ground_n yet_o upon_o theodotus_n force_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o post_n on_o the_o mountain_n and_o from_o thence_o fall_v on_o the_o rest_n nicolaus_n be_v compel_v to_o give_v ground_n and_o betake_v he_o to_o flight_n about_o two_o thousand_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o no_o few_o take_v prisoner_n the_o rest_n get_v into_o sidon_n perigenes_n likewise_o who_o once_o think_v he_o have_v the_o better_a in_o the_o naval_a dispute_n terrify_v to_o behold_v his_o friend_n beat_v ashore_o leave_v the_o enemy_n a_o stern_a and_o fly_v secure_v himself_o in_o the_o same_o place_n antiochus_n present_o thereupon_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o sidon_n and_o encamp_v before_o the_o town_n but_o he_o think_v it_o not_o advisable_v to_o attack_v it_o for_o as_o it_o be_v very_o well_o supply_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n of_o war_n so_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v numerous_a and_o their_o strength_n reinforce_v by_o those_o who_o have_v flee_v thither_o after_o the_o battle_n from_o thence_o then_o he_o take_v his_o march_n towards_o philoteria_n order_v diognetus_n his_o admiral_n to_o make_v sail_n with_o the_o fleet_n to_o tyre_n philoteria_n stand_v in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o a_o great_a moor_n through_o which_o run_v the_o river_n jordan_n which_o from_o thence_o pursue_v its_o course_n through_o the_o plain_n of_o scythopolis_n antiochus_n become_v master_n of_o the_o two_o forementioned_a place_n grow_v into_o great_a assurance_n of_o succeed_v in_o his_o erterprise_n in_o regard_n the_o territory_n subject_n to_o those_o town_n produce_v sufficient_a of_o all_o thing_n to_o sustain_v his_o army_n and_o yield_v over_o and_o above_o enough_o of_o every_o thing_n he_o may_v need_v to_o prosecute_v his_o design_n wherefore_o after_o he_o have_v strengthen_v they_o with_o good_a garrison_n he_o take_v his_o march_n over_o the_o mountain_n and_o come_v to_o atabyrium_n this_o town_n stand_v on_o a_o rise_a
ground_n which_o by_o a_o gentle_a descent_n terminate_v in_o a_o plain_a from_o whence_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o eminence_n it_o be_v near_o two_o mile_n here_o antochus_n lodge_v a_o ambush_n which_o in_o effect_n win_v he_o the_o place_n for_o after_o by_o little_a skirmish_n and_o dispute_n he_o have_v draw_v the_o people_n out_o in_o one_o of_o these_o engagement_n feign_v to_o be_v too_o weak_a his_o party_n retreat_v while_o the_o other_o pursue_v when_o present_o face_v about_o the_o enemy_n in_o their_o turn_n retire_v who_o meet_v the_o ambush_n in_o front_n many_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o in_o short_a antiochus_z himself_z pursuing_z the_o advantage_n so_o terrify_v they_o that_o the_o town_n be_v take_v on_o the_o first_o attack_z at_o the_o same_o time_n keroeas_n one_o of_o ptolomy_n captain_n desert_v and_o come_v over_o to_o antiochus_n who_o receive_v with_o great_a solemnity_n it_o give_v occasion_n for_o many_o other_o prime_a officer_n of_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n to_o leave_v his_o service_n for_o short_o after_o hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a act_v the_o same_o part_n bring_v with_o he_o to_o the_o number_n of_o four_o hundred_o horse_n antiochus_n likewise_o garrison_v atabyrium_n and_o pursue_v his_o journey_n in_o his_o march_n receive_v to_o his_o obedience_n the_o city_n of_o pella_n camus_n and_o gephrus_n which_o surrender_v this_o great_a success_n so_o wrought_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o neighbour_a people_n that_o they_o unanimous_o take_v part_n with_o antiochus_n whereby_o his_o hope_n increase_v and_o his_o power_n be_v augment_v by_o this_o new_a accession_n of_o his_o arabian_a friend_n he_o advance_v into_o galatis_n which_o reduce_v he_o take_v abila_n and_o in_o it_o those_o who_o be_v come_v in_o to_o succour_v it_o under_o the_o lead_n of_o nicias_n a_o kinsman_n and_o confident_a of_o menea_n in_o short_a gadara_n be_v the_o only_a place_n that_o now_o remain_v to_o be_v reduce_v which_o be_v esteem_v the_o most_o considerable_a for_o strength_n in_o all_o that_o country_n to_o this_o town_n the_o king_n approach_v with_o his_o army_n and_o so_o terrify_v the_o inhabitant_n with_o his_o preparation_n to_o attack_v they_o that_o they_o yield_v themselves_o up_o and_o now_o be_v inform_v that_o great_a number_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v draw_v together_o in_o a_o certain_a town_n of_o arabia_n call_v rabath-ben-ammon_n or_o rabatamana_n from_o whence_o they_o make_v excursion_n and_o plunder_v the_o country_n of_o those_o who_o have_v contract_v friendship_n with_o he_o he_o therefore_o lay_v aside_o all_o his_o other_o affair_n bend_v his_o march_n that_o way_n and_o approach_v the_o mountain_n whereon_o the_o town_n stand_v after_o he_o have_v view_v the_o situation_n on_o all_o side_n he_o conclude_v there_o be_v but_o two_o place_n by_o which_o they_o can_v be_v attack_v there_o than_o he_o post_v his_o troop_n and_o cause_v his_o machine_n to_o approach_n the_o conduct_n of_o the_o work_v he_o divide_v betwixt_o nicarchus_n and_o theodotus_n whiâ—â—_n himself_o keep_v a_o equal_a and_o vigilant_a eve_n of_o their_o behaviour_n and_o remark_v the_o affection_n that_o carry_v these_o two_o leader_n to_o advance_v his_o service_n who_o emulate_v each_o other_o and_o labour_v who_o shall_v first_o open_v a_o breach_n the_o wall_n be_v demolish_v by_o that_o mean_v much_o soon_o then_o be_v expect_v that_o work_v do_v the_o king_n continue_v his_o attack_n night_n and_o day_n press_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o get_v into_o the_o town_n but_o therein_o they_o long_o labour_v in_o vain_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o defendant_n till_o at_o length_n one_o of_o their_o prisonen_fw-mi discover_v to_o the_o besieger_n a_o vault_n or_o passage_n under_o ground_n by_o which_o the_o besiege_v descend_v to_o supply_v themselves_o with_o water_n which_o passage_n be_v once_o stop_v up_o the_o inhabitant_n streighten_v by_o necessity_n confess_v themselves_o vanquish_v and_o so_o yield_v up_o the_o town_n thus_o antiochus_n become_v master_n of_o rabatamana_n where_o he_o leave_v nearchus_n governor_n with_o a_o good_a garrison_n and_o send_v hippolochus_n and_o kâ—roeas_n who_o have_v desert_v ptolemy_n at_o the_o head_n of_o five_o thousand_o foot_n into_o the_o country_n in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o samaria_n to_o command_v in_o that_o province_n and_o to_o defend_v those_o who_o have_v submit_v to_o he_o against_o incursion_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o bend_v his_o march_n towards_o ptolemais_n there_o to_o pass_v the_o winter_n for_o so_o he_o have_v before_o determine_v during_o the_o same_o summer_n those_o of_o pedâ—elissa_n be_v attack_v and_o besiege_v by_o the_o selgian_n and_o find_v themselves_o in_o danger_n apply_v to_o achoeus_n for_o succour_n by_o their_o ambassador_n who_o ready_o promise_v they_o his_o assistance_n they_o sustain_v the_o siege_n with_o great_a constancy_n in_o hope_n of_o his_o send_v they_o relief_n which_o he_o according_o do_v dispatch_v garsyere_n at_o the_o head_n of_o six_o thousand_o foot_n and_o five_o hundred_o horse_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o selgians_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o these_o succour_n they_o march_v with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o troop_n to_o possess_v the_o strait_n near_o a_o certain_a place_n call_v by_o those_o of_o the_o country_n climax_n or_o the_o ladder_n post_v his_o troop_n on_o the_o passage_n or_o entrance_n hard_a by_o saporda_n break_v the_o ground_n and_o barracado_n the_o passage_n every_o where_n garsyere_n march_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o milyade_n come_v and_o encamp_v near_o cretompolis_n and_o find_v it_o be_v impossible_a for_o he_o to_o advance_v any_o further_a for_o that_o the_o enemy_n have_v every_o where_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o defilée_n he_o therefore_o devise_v this_o stratagem_n he_o cause_v his_o troop_n to_o face_n about_o and_o march_v back_o by_o the_o way_n they_o come_v make_v show_n as_o if_o on_o find_v the_o way_n so_o fortify_v that_o he_o can_v not_o march_v on_o he_o have_v despair_v of_o his_o design_n of_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a the_o selgians_n be_v deceive_v by_o this_o show_n and_o conclude_v garsyere_n have_v change_v his_o purpose_n whereupon_o one_o part_n of_o their_o troop_n return_v to_o their_o camp_n and_o theâ—_n 〈◊〉_d march_v home_o for_o that_o their_o time_n of_o harvest_n be_v at_o hand_n this_o be_v observe_v by_o garsyere_n he_o there_o upon_o march_v back_o and_o gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n without_o meet_v any_o force_n to_o oppose_v he_o where_o post_v sufficient_a strength_n to_o guard_v the_o avenue_n he_o leave_v phaylus_fw-la to_o command_n there_o and_o march_v with_o the_o army_n to_o perga_n deal_v with_o other_o people_n of_o pisidiâ—_n and_o with_o the_o pamphylian_o themselves_o by_o person_n he_o dispatch_v to_o they_o set_v forth_o the_o insolent_a behaviour_n of_o the_o selgians_n towards_o their_o neighbour_n and_o exhort_v they_o to_o enter_v into_o the_o league_n of_o achoeus_n and_o to_o contribute_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o pednelissa_n while_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n the_o selgians_n send_v a_o army_n against_o phaylus_fw-la which_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o country_n have_v conceive_v hope_n of_o terrify_v he_o and_o force_v he_o from_o his_o post_n but_o find_v their_o attempt_n in_o vain_a and_o lose_v many_o of_o their_o man_n in_o the_o several_a attack_n they_o make_v upon_o he_o they_o lose_v their_o hope_n likewise_o of_o succeed_v that_o way_n howbeit_o they_o will_v not_o forsake_v their_o enterprise_n but_o have_v recourse_n to_o their_o machine_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o etennenses_n who_o inhabit_v the_o mountain_n of_o pisidia_n that_o overlook_a sida_n supply_v garsyere_n with_o a_o re-inforcement_n of_o eight_o thousand_o man_n and_o the_o aspendian_o with_o four_o thousand_o but_o those_o of_o sida_n who_o though_o they_o have_v a_o just_a consideration_n for_o antiochus_n yet_o bear_v no_o goodwill_n to_o the_o aspendian_o will_v not_o be_v draw_v to_o send_v relief_n to_o the_o besiege_a garsyere_n however_o thus_o strengthen_v with_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o ally_n march_v towards_o pednelissa_n promise_a himself_o to_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n on_o the_o first_o attempt_n but_o when_o he_o perceive_v the_o selgians_n to_o be_v under_o no_o surprise_n at_o his_o arrival_n he_o draw_v near_o and_o encamp_v his_o army_n close_o by_o they_o the_o pednelissians_n the_o mean_a while_o be_v drive_v to_o great_a strait_n for_o every_o thing_n wherefore_o garsyere_n resolve_v to_o put_v relief_n into_o the_o town_n by_o one_o mean_n or_o other_o draw_v out_o two_o thousand_o choice_a man_n of_o his_o own_o troop_n each_o man_n take_v with_o he_o a_o certain_a proportion_n of_o corn_n order_v they_o to_o march_v and_o endeavour_v to_o get_v into_o the_o town_n by_o night_n
but_o this_o attempt_n be_v discover_v by_o the_o selgian_n they_o hasten_v to_o prevent_v they_o and_z attacking_z they_o take_v all_o the_o corn_n and_o cut_v off_o most_o of_o the_o party_n this_o success_n so_o exalt_v they_o that_o they_o come_v thereupon_o to_o resolve_v not_o only_o to_o assault_v the_o town_n but_z to_z attack_z garsyere_n himself_o in_o his_o camp_n for_o the_o selgians_n be_v a_o people_n who_o in_o war_n love_v both_o those_o counsel_n and_o erterprise_n best_o that_o be_v most_o rash_a leave_v their_o camp_n therefore_o with_o a_o good_a guard_n they_o draw_v out_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o troop_n and_o post_v they_o in_o divers_a place_n about_o garsyeres_n work_n and_o march_v to_o the_o attack_z on_o all_o side_n garsyere_n find_v himself_o enclose_v every_o where_n by_o this_o surprise_v attempt_n and_o behold_v his_o defence_n in_o some_o place_n already_o break_v down_o and_o the_o whole_a camp_n reduce_v to_o extremity_n order_v his_o horse_n to_o sally_v out_o by_o a_o way_n the_o enemy_n have_v take_v least_o notice_n of_o and_o now_o the_o selgians_n believe_v the_o horse_n to_o be_v flee_v and_o escape_v away_o make_v no_o more_o account_n of_o they_o but_o let_v they_o pass_v unpursue_v whereupon_o after_o they_o have_v go_v some_o distance_n they_o wheel_v about_o and_o fall_v on_o the_o enemy_n reeâ—_n where_o the_o dispute_n be_v bloody_a upon_o this_o the_o foot_n who_o before_o be_v heartless_a and_o on_o the_o point_n of_o turn_v their_o back_n take_v courage_n and_o face_v the_o enemy_n with_o fresh_a resolution_n insomuch_o that_o the_o selgian_n who_o â—ut_v now_o think_v the_o day_n their_o own_o behâ—ld_v themselves_o on_o the_o sudden_a surround_v on_o every_o side_n worsted_n and_o drive_v to_o fly_v at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o garrison_n of_o pednelissa_n sally_v and_o fall_v on_o the_o selgians_n camp_n which_o they_o force_v whereupon_o the_o enemy_n fly_v in_o disorder_n they_o lose_v to_o the_o number_n of_o at_o least_o ten_o thousand_o men._n those_o of_o their_o ally_n who_o escape_v retire_v home_o and_o the_o selgians_n gain_v the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n get_v to_o the_o city_n garsyere_n pursue_v they_o be_v desirous_a to_o hasten_v out_o of_o the_o defilée_n and_o approach_n selgia_n before_o the_o enemy_n can_v have_v leisure_n to_o rally_v and_o consult_v about_o their_o safety_n according_o he_o come_v before_o the_o â—â—ty_n with_o his_o army_n where_o the_o enemy_n hopeless_a of_o help_n from_o their_o ally_n through_o the_o loss_n they_o have_v late_o sustain_v in_o their_o service_n and_o terrify_v at_o their_o defeat_n grow_v into_o doubt_n both_o of_o their_o own_o and_o their_o country_n safety_n wherefore_o call_v a_o assembly_n they_o agree_v to_o dispatch_v logbasis_n one_o of_o their_o citizen_n in_o quality_n of_o their_o ambassador_n to_o achoeus_n this_o logbasis_n have_v be_v in_o great_a esteem_n with_o antiochus_n he_o who_o die_v in_o thrace_n and_o it_o seem_v have_v the_o care_n of_o the_o education_n of_o laodice_n who_o he_o bring_v up_o with_o the_o tenderness_n of_o his_o own_o child_n and_o who_o be_v afterward_o marry_v to_o achoeus_n on_o these_o consideration_n they_o conclude_v he_o the_o proper_a person_n to_o be_v send_v in_o the_o present_a exigence_n wherefore_o they_o dispatch_v he_o but_o logbasis_n reveal_v the_o secret_a of_o his_o embassy_n to_o garsyere_n make_v so_o little_a reckon_n of_o his_o duty_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o country_n that_o on_o the_o contrary_n he_o be_v instant_a with_o garsyere_n to_o let_v achoeus_n understand_v that_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o put_v the_o city_n into_o his_o hand_n whereupon_o garsyere_n furnish_v with_o those_o hope_n dispatch_v letter_n to_o achoeus_n pray_v he_o to_o dispose_v himself_o for_o his_o journey_n on_o the_o receipt_n of_o his_o advice_n while_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n hold_v a_o truce_n and_o enter_v into_o treaty_n with_o the_o selgians_n and_o contrive_v dispute_n about_o the_o article_n of_o the_o peace_n spin_v out_o the_o time_n till_o the_o come_n of_o achoeus_n and_o that_o logbasis_n have_v leisure_n to_o confer_v with_o he_o touch_v the_o execution_n of_o their_o enterprise_n and_o now_o during_o the_o treaty_n and_o the_o go_v and_o come_v of_o messenger_n from_o the_o 〈◊〉_d to_o the_o camp_n and_o from_o the_o camp_n thither_o the_o soldier_n by_o degree_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o town_n to_o traffic_v and_o buy_v provision_n and_o what_o else_o they_o want_v and_o oversight_n which_o have_v have_v many_o bad_a effect_n and_o it_o may_v 〈◊〉_d assurance_n be_v say_v that_o as_o there_o be_v no_o creature_n that_o possess_v so_o great_a a_o share_n of_o sagacity_n and_o reflection_n as_o man_n so_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o more_o subject_a to_o be_v deceive_v for_o how_o many_o townâ—_n fortress_n and_o even_a camp_n have_v be_v by_o this_o mean_v betray_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o albeit_o there_o 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slay_v about_o seven_o hundred_o mysian_n of_o his_o party_n and_o compel_v the_o rest_n to_o retire_v after_o this_o repulse_n achoeus_n and_o garsyere_n return_v to_o the_o camp_n while_o the_o selgâ—ans_n doubt_v danger_n from_o a_o sedition_n within_o the_o town_n the_o enemy_n be_v still_o at_o hand_n send_v out_o some_o of_o their_o grave_a inhabitant_n to_o treat_v with_o achoeus_n who_o at_o length_n accord_v they_o peace_n on_o the_o follow_a condition_n that_o they_o shall_v pay_v down_o present_o four_o hundred_o talent_n that_o the_o pednelissâ—an_a prisoner_n shall_v be_v enlarge_v and_o that_o within_o a_o certain_a space_n they_o shall_v pay_v further_o three_o hundred_o talent_n thus_o the_o selgians_n be_v reduce_v to_o manifest_a danger_n of_o lose_v their_o country_n by_o the_o treachery_n of_o logbasis_n have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o rescue_v it_o by_o their_o resolution_n without_o stain_v their_o liberty_n or_o violate_v the_o alliance_n in_o which_o they_o 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aegoean_n and_o the_o lemnite_n terrify_v at_o his_o arrival_n submit_v the_o teii_n and_o colophonii_n also_o apply_v to_o he_o by_o their_o ambassador_n and_o put_v themselves_o and_o town_n under_o his_o protection_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v these_o people_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o ancient_a league_n and_o have_v likewise_o receive_v their_o hostage_n he_o entertain_v the_o smyrnian_a ambassador_n with_o singular_a benignity_n for_o indeed_o that_o people_n have_v above_o all_o other_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o a_o generous_a fidelity_n towards_o he_o from_o thence_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o have_v past_o the_o river_n lycus_n he_o come_v to_o the_o town_n inhabit_v by_o the_o mysian_o and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o country_n of_o the_o carsenses_n and_o in_o short_a spread_v so_o much_o fear_n among_o they_o that_o the_o garrison_n of_o didyma-tiche_n where_o themistocles_n have_v be_v leave_v governor_n by_o achoeus_n deliver_v up_o 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mingle_v a_o thousand_o thracian_n there_o be_v likewise_o mede_n cyssians_n caddusians_n and_o caramanian_o to_o the_o number_n of_o five_o thousand_o who_o be_v order_v to_o obey_v aspasianus_n the_o median_a the_o arabian_n and_o other_o of_o the_o neighbour-nation_n compose_v a_o body_n of_o above_o ten_o thousand_o who_o chief_a be_v zabdiphilus_n the_o greek_a mercenary_n amount_v to_o five_o thousand_o and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o these_o be_v place_v hippolochus_n the_o thessalian_a antiochus_n have_v likewise_o five_o hundred_o candiot_n command_v by_o eurylochus_n and_o a_o thousand_o new-raised_a man_n of_o the_o same_o country_n who_o leader_n be_v zebes_n the_o gortynian_a there_o be_v also_o five_o hundred_o lydian_a slinger_n and_o a_o thousand_o cardacean_n who_o have_v over_o they_o lysimachus_z the_o gaul_n the_o horse_n consist_v of_o about_o six_o thousand_o four_o thousand_o of_o which_o obey_v antipater_n the_o king_n nephew_n the_o rest_n be_v lead_v by_o themison_n in_o conclusion_n the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n consist_v of_o seventy_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o horse_n above-noted_n and_o a_o hundred_o and_o two_o elephant_n ptolemy_n first_o march_v to_o pelusium_n where_o he_o encamp_v and_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o rear_n be_v come_v up_o and_o he_o have_v distribute_v bread_n to_o the_o army_n he_o prosecute_v his_o march_n through_o a_o country_n destitute_a of_o water_n along_o the_o mountain_n casius_n pass_v by_o a_o place_n call_v barathra_n when_o he_o arrive_v at_o gaza_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o detachment_n with_o which_o he_o march_v and_o advance_v before_o the_o army_n without_o any_o apprehension_n of_o impediment_n the_o five_o day_n he_o come_v to_o a_o place_n where_o he_o purpose_v to_o halt_v encamp_v about_o fifty_o furlong_n from_o raphia_n this_o be_v the_o first_o city_n of_o the_o low_a syria_n after_o rhinocorura_n that_o lie_v in_o the_o way_n from_o egypt_n into_o that_o country_n antiochus_n at_o the_o same_o time_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n and_o pass_v by_o raphia_n he_o encamp_v by_o night_n about_o ten_o furlong_n from_o the_o enemy_n for_o a_o while_n their_o camp_n stand_v at_o this_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o but_o short_o after_o antiochus_z decamp_v and_o come_v and_o lodge_v near_o the_o enemy_n as_o well_o to_o better_v the_o convenience_n of_o his_o army_n abode_n as_o to_o hearten_v the_o soldier_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o now_o above_o five_o furlong_n space_n between_o their_o two_o camp_n insomuch_o that_o those_o who_o go_v to_o water_n and_o march_v out_o to_o forage_v have_v frequent_a rencounter_n and_o often_o by_o party_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n pickeer_v between_o their_o camp_n here_o theodotus_n give_v a_o instance_n of_o aetolian_a resolution_n and_o indeed_o worthy_a of_o a_o true_o fearless_a man_n for_o have_v reside_v heretofore_o in_o ptolomy_n court_n and_o be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o way_n and_o manner_n of_o that_o prince_n he_o get_v a_o little_a before_o daybreak_n into_o
their_o annual_a magistrate_n to_o resolve_v on_o the_o choice_n of_o some_o one_o single_a person_n in_o who_o the_o sole_a authority_n shall_v centre_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n hannibal_n who_o by_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n grow_v to_o believe_v he_o shall_v be_v more_o than_o a_o match_n for_o the_o roman_n do_v not_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o approach_v present_o near_a room_n wherefore_o he_o continue_v to_o harrass_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n destroy_v all_o by_o fire_n and_o sword_n wherever_o he_o come_v take_v his_o march_n towards_o adria_n where_o he_o arrive_v in_o ten_o day_n pass_v by_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o insubrian_o and_o picentines_n the_o country_n in_o his_o march_n be_v rich_a the_o plunder_n of_o the_o army_n grow_v so_o great_a and_o cumbersome_a that_o they_o can_v neither_o carry_v nor_o otherwise_o transport_v it_o the_o people_n wherever_o he_o come_v he_o use_v with_o great_a cruelty_n and_o according_a to_o the_o common_a manner_n of_o treatment_n of_o town_n that_o be_v take_v by_o force_n order_v all_o to_o be_v slay_v that_o they_o can_v find_v of_o age_n to_o bear_v arm_n such_o merciless_a impression_n have_v hannibal_n hatred_n to_o the_o roman_n give_v he_o encamp_v now_o not_o far_o from_o adria_n in_o a_o pleasant_a and_o fruitful_a country_n abound_v in_o all_o thing_n he_o there_o give_v order_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o his_o sick_a and_o infirm_a soldier_n and_o horse_n for_o in_o his_o winter-incampments_a in_o the_o hither_o gaul_n where_o he_o lay_v expose_v to_o all_o the_o rigour_n of_o the_o open_a air_n incommode_v by_o the_o stench_n of_o the_o filth_n and_o ordure_n of_o the_o camp_n that_o what_o by_o their_o unwholesome_a incampment_n what_o by_o their_o march_n through_o the_o fen_n both_o man_n and_o horse_n the_o whole_a army_n over_o be_v general_o infect_v with_o a_o disease_n call_v by_o the_o greek_n lemopsoron_n but_o with_o we_o the_o scurf_n or_o scab_n which_o come_v by_o unwholesome_a diet_n and_o hard_a usage_n wherefore_o happen_v into_o this_o place_n so_o commodious_a for_o every_o thing_n he_o be_v willing_a they_o shall_v want_v for_o nothing_o that_o may_v advance_v their_o recovery_n renew_v the_o strength_n and_o recruit_v the_o spirit_n of_o the_o soldier_n hannibal_n be_v now_o possess_v of_o great_a quantity_n of_o roman_a arm_n of_o those_o he_o have_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v he_o therefore_o arm_v his_o african_n after_o the_o roman_a manner_n he_o also_o dispatch_v letter_n by_o sea_n to_o carthage_n give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o success_n have_v never_o since_o his_o come_n into_o italy_n till_o now_o approach_v the_o sea-coast_n the_o carthaginian_n receive_v the_o news_n with_o great_a acclamation_n of_o joy_n and_o deliberate_v how_o best_o to_o reinforce_v and_o supply_v their_o army_n both_o in_o spain_n and_o italy_n with_o all_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o may_v stand_v in_o need_n the_o roman_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n create_v fabius_n maximus_n dictator_n a_o person_n of_o a_o noble_a house_n and_o of_o so_o exemplary_a virtue_n that_o his_o single_a merit_n acquire_v to_o his_o family_n the_o title_n of_o maximi_fw-la from_o the_o great_a action_n he_o so_o happy_o wp2787atchieve_v there_o be_v this_o difference_n among_o other_o betwixt_o a_o dictator_n and_o a_o consul_n the_o consul_n have_v but_o twelve_o axe_n carry_v before_o he_o the_o dictator_n twenty_o four_o furthermore_o the_o consul_n can_v act_v in_o many_o thing_n without_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o senate_n but_o the_o power_n of_o the_o dictator_n be_v absolute_a and_o independent_a and_o during_o that_o magistracy_n the_o authority_n of_o all_o other_o become_v supersede_v that_o of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n only_o except_v but_o we_o shall_v treat_v more_o particular_o hereof_o in_o its_o proper_a place_n after_o fabius_n have_v be_v name_v for_o dictator_n he_o choose_v m._n minutius_n for_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o charge_n depend_v entire_o on_o the_o dictator_n and_o supply_v his_o place_n in_o the_o army_n when_o absent_a hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v refresh_v his_o army_n move_v by_o easy_a march_n along_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o adriatic_a thereby_o to_o gain_v time_n till_o he_o have_v fill_v his_o troop_n here_o by_o wash_v his_o horse_n with_o old_a wine_n whereof_o the_o country_n abound_v he_o cure_v they_o of_o the_o scratch_n and_o the_o farcy_n neither_o do_v he_o omit_v any_o care_n for_o the_o cure_n and_o recovery_n of_o his_o wound_a man_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o rest_n be_v hearten_v and_o become_v the_o more_o cheerful_o dispose_v to_o go_v on_o such_o future_a hazardous_a service_n as_o he_o shall_v have_v further_a occasion_n to_o use_v they_o in_o thus_o he_o continue_v his_o march_n and_o after_o he_o have_v plunder_v and_o forage_v the_o territory_n of_o pretutium_fw-la adria_n and_o that_o of_o the_o marrucians_n and_o ferentines_n he_o take_v his_o way_n towards_o apulia_n which_o be_v distinguish_v by_o three_o division_n each_o have_v its_o peculiar_a name_n one_o part_n be_v inhabit_v by_o the_o daunians_n and_o another_o by_o the_o messapian_n hannibal_n first_o attack_v the_o daunians_n and_o make_v spoil_n about_o luceria_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o roman_n where_o he_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n and_o sword_n then_o he_o encamp_v near_o ibona_n from_o whence_o he_o send_v his_o troop_n to_o ravage_v the_o land_n of_o the_o arpians_n and_o in_o short_a overran_a the_o whole_a country_n of_o apulia_n about_o this_o time_n fabius_n enter_v on_o his_o charge_n who_o after_o he_o have_v sacrifice_v to_o the_o god_n march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n with_o his_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n at_o the_o head_n of_o four_o new-raised_a legion_n which_o have_v be_v sevy_v according_a to_o custom_n and_o after_o he_o have_v join_v his_o troop_n near_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o dannians_n with_o those_o that_o have_v be_v send_v to_o rimini_n he_o send_v the_o consul_n back_o to_o rome_n with_o order_n to_o command_v the_o fleet_n and_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o enemy_n motion_n by_o sea_n while_o himself_o and_o the_o general_n of_o the_o horse_n after_o he_o have_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o legion_n march_v and_o encamp_v near_o aegas_n in_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o not_o above_o six_o mile_n from_o their_o camp_n the_o carthaginian_a as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v notice_n of_o the_o arrival_n of_o fabius_n lead_v his_o army_n out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o march_v draw_v they_o up_o in_o battalion_n near_o the_o roman_n to_o amuse_v and_o terrify_v they_o where_o have_v remain_v some_o time_n and_o none_o appear_v to_o oppose_v he_o he_o march_v back_o to_o his_o quarter_n for_o fabius_n who_o have_v determine_v to_o do_v nothing_o rash_o and_o not_o to_o come_v present_o to_o a_o battle_n but_o to_o labour_v by_o all_o art_n and_o mean_n to_o secure_v the_o interest_n of_o his_o country_n hold_v firm_a to_o his_o first_o resolution_n by_o which_o mean_v he_o soon_o grow_v into_o contempt_n be_v reckon_v a_o coward_n by_o his_o countryman_n and_o one_o who_o out_o of_o poorness_n of_o spirit_n shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o have_v to_o do_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o in_o the_o end_n his_o action_n teach_v they_o better_o how_o to_o value_v he_o and_o to_o confess_v that_o they_o can_v never_o have_v choose_v a_o leader_n who_o better_a know_v his_o business_n or_o can_v proceed_v with_o more_o judgement_n and_o good_a conduct_n which_o short_o after_o the_o issue_n of_o his_o administiation_n abundant_o manifest_v hannibal_n troop_n who_o have_v be_v breed_v and_o break_v to_o their_o trade_n from_o their_o childhood_n and_o he_o himself_o bring_v up_o among_o they_o and_o a_o perfect_a master_n in_o military_a knowledge_n who_o have_v fight_v many_o battle_n with_o success_n in_o spain_n and_o gain_v two_o important_a victory_n already_o against_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o ally_n and_o what_o outweighed_a all_o we_o have_v say_v and_o which_o to_o he_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v that_o his_o troop_n have_v no_o hope_n or_o prospect_n of_o safety_n but_o what_o they_o carry_v on_o the_o point_n of_o their_o sword_n which_o be_v fabius_n motive_n to_o work_v with_o so_o much_o cantion_n and_o circumspection_n be_v well_o assure_v the_o enemy_n will_v be_v superior_a to_o he_o in_o battle_n wherefore_o by_o singular_a prudence_n and_o address_n he_o have_v recourse_n only_o to_o those_o advantage_n wherein_o he_o be_v sure_o the_o roman_n be_v the_o strong_a in_o a_o word_n the_o benefit_n the_o roman_n enjoy_v and_o of_o which_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o deprive_v they_o be_v provision_n of_o victual_n and_o store_n of_o war_n in_o great_a abundance_n and_o plenty_n of_o good_a man_n to_o recruit_v their_o army_n fabius_n therefore_o hold_v
their_o harvest-work_n while_o he_o with_o the_o other_o two_o three_o advance_v towards_o the_o enemy_n post_v himself_o on_o a_o eminence_n about_o two_o mile_n distant_a from_o gerunium_n to_o try_v if_o he_o can_v from_o thence_o awe_v they_o and_o also_o to_o be_v in_o a_o better_a post_n to_o succour_v his_o forager_n in_o case_n they_o shall_v chance_v to_o be_v press_v but_o there_o happen_v to_o be_v a_o piece_n of_o high_a ground_n between_o the_o two_o army_n which_o command_v near_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o send_v thither_o in_o the_o night_n two_o thousand_o of_o his_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o take_v possession_n thereof_o this_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o morning_n by_o minutius_n he_o immediate_o order_v out_o his_o light-armed_a soldier_n likewise_o against_o they_o who_o attack_v they_o in_o their_o post_n the_o dispute_n be_v very_o warm_a for_o a_o while_n but_o in_o the_o end_n the_o roman_n prevail_v and_o dislodging_n the_o enemy_n come_v and_o post_v themselves_o there_o hannibal_n after_o this_o remain_v quiet_a in_o his_o camp_n for_o some_o day_n with_o all_o his_o troop_n for_o that_o they_o have_v the_o roman_n now_o so_o near_o neighbour_n but_o after_o a_o while_o he_o be_v necessitate_v to_o send_v abroad_o for_o forage_n for_o his_o horse_n and_o to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n for_o the_o supply_n of_o his_o camp_n for_o that_o he_o be_v unwilling_a not_o only_o to_o spend_v out_o of_o the_o store_n they_o have_v lay_v up_o but_o solicitous_a to_o add_v to_o what_o they_o have_v already_o gather_v to_o the_o end_n they_o may_v live_v in_o plenty_n during_o winter_n both_o horse_n and_o man_n place_v his_o great_a hope_n of_o success_n in_o the_o service_n of_o his_o horse_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n minutius_n be_v inform_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v abroad_o in_o great_a number_n disperse_v here_o and_o there_o about_o the_o country_n for_o the_o service_n abovementioned_a order_v his_o troop_n to_o march_v at_o a_o hour_n he_o think_v most_o proper_a and_o be_v not_o far_o from_o the_o enemy_n camp_n draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o battalion_n and_o order_v his_o horse_n and_o light-armed_a troop_n to_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o party_n and_o small_a division_n command_v they_o to_o march_v and_o attack_v the_o forager_n and_o to_o give_v no_o quarter_n this_o action_n do_v not_o a_o little_a perplex_a hannibal_n who_o have_v not_o then_o strength_n enough_o at_o hand_n to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n nor_o to_o succour_v those_o who_o be_v scatter_v straggle_v about_o the_o country_n those_o of_o the_o roman_n who_o be_v command_v out_o against_o the_o forager_n kill_v many_o as_o they_o find_v they_o wander_v to_o and_o again_o and_o those_o who_o stand_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n begin_v so_o to_o contemn_v the_o carthaginian_n that_o not_o satisfy_v to_o confine_v they_o to_o their_o camp_n they_o be_v hardly_o withhold_v from_o attempt_v their_o work_n insomuch_o that_o hannibal_n seem_v to_o be_v great_o straighten_v yet_o albeit_o he_o be_v reduce_v to_o that_o extremity_n that_o it_o be_v all_o he_o can_v do_v to_o keep_v his_o ground_n and_o defend_v the_o camp_n yet_o he_o desert_a not_o his_o post_n in_o short_a asdrubal_n receive_v those_o into_o the_o camp_n under_o the_o wall_n of_o gerunium_n that_o have_v escape_v thither_o from_o the_o enemy_n march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o four_o thousand_o man_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o hannibal_n who_o be_v now_o in_o some_o sort_n reinsorce_v advance_v against_o the_o roman_n and_o stand_v some_o time_n in_o battalion_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o their_o camp_n so_o that_o in_o the_o end_n he_o come_v fair_o off_o of_o the_o danger_n that_o threaten_v he_o though_o with_o difficulty_n enough_o but_o in_o a_o word_n he_o come_v off_o minutius_n have_v slay_v many_o of_o the_o enemy_n in_o this_o rencounter_n and_o more_o of_o the_o forager_n retire_v to_o his_o camp_n full_a of_o assurance_n of_o future_a success_n and_o on_o the_o morrow_n upon_o the_o carthaginian_n march_v out_o of_o their_o work_n he_o follow_v they_o and_o take_v possession_n of_o their_o camp_n for_o hannibal_n fearful_a lest_o the_o roman_n shall_v by_o surprise_n in_o the_o night_n attempt_n and_o assault_v his_o camp_n at_o gerunium_n which_o be_v not_o in_o a_o very_a good_a state_n of_o defence_n and_o may_v thereby_o become_v master_n of_o their_o baggage_n their_o plunder_n and_o all_o the_o store_v they_o have_v there_o lay_v up_o be_v therefore_o determine_v to_o return_v and_o abide_v in_o those_o quarter_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o carthaginian_n forage_v for_o the_o furture_n with_o more_o caution_n and_o the_o roman_n manifest_v less_o apprehension_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o news_n of_o this_o action_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n and_o publish_v with_o more_o vanity_n than_o truth_n there_o be_v great_a joy_n in_o the_o city_n for_o after_o the_o consternation_n they_o have_v be_v in_o they_o reckon_v it_o a_o change_n great_o for_o the_o better_a and_o as_o a_o omen_n of_o their_o future_a good_a fortune_n and_o that_o if_o their_o army_n have_v not_o of_o a_o long_a time_n perform_v any_o thing_n to_o the_o purpose_n it_o be_v not_o at_o least_o through_o the_o cowardice_n of_o the_o soldier_n but_o the_o pusillanimity_n of_o the_o dictator_n who_o apprehend_v every_o thing_n so_o that_o all_o the_o world_n begin_v now_o to_o reproach_n fabius_n and_o blame_v his_o conduct_n for_o have_v lose_v so_o many_o fair_a occasion_n plain_o through_o want_n of_o resolution_n but_o they_o heap_v so_o many_o praise_n on_o minutius_n that_o in_o the_o end_n they_o decree_v he_o a_o honour_n that_o be_v without_o any_o example_n in_o the_o republic_n for_o they_o invest_v he_o with_o absolute_a authority_n imagine_v that_o by_o that_o act_n they_o shall_v put_v it_o in_o his_o power_n to_o give_v a_o speedy_a period_n to_o the_o war_n and_o now_o by_o this_o decree_n they_o come_v to_o have_v two_o dictator_n at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n to_o conduct_v their_o affair_n which_o never_o happen_v at_o any_o time_n before_o among_o the_o roman_n when_o minutius_n come_v to_o understand_v how_o high_o he_o be_v exalt_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o they_o have_v give_v he_o full_a power_n he_o grow_v more_o determine_v and_o forward_o to_o attempt_v every_o thing_n how_o hazardous_a soever_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n fabius_n return_v to_o the_o army_n without_o any_o change_n of_o judgement_n through_o the_o injury_n which_o have_v be_v do_v he_o but_o rather_o more_o confirm_v in_o the_o rule_v he_o have_v lay_v down_o to_o himself_o and_o observe_v that_o minutius_n be_v now_o become_v insolent_a and_o uneasy_a to_o he_o by_o his_o new_a authority_n and_o success_n and_o that_o he_o oppose_v he_o in_o every_o thing_n through_o a_o kind_n of_o jealousy_n he_o have_v conceive_v and_o that_o he_o be_v likely_a to_o push_v matter_n to_o a_o decisive_a battle_n he_o therefore_o put_v it_o to_o his_o choice_n whether_o they_o shall_v command_v the_o army_n by_o day_n alternate_o or_o divide_v the_o army_n and_o command_v the_o distinct_a body_n apart_o and_o have_v two_o separate_a camp_n and_o act_n as_o each_o of_o they_o see_v good_a minutius_n thereupon_o incline_v to_o divide_v the_o army_n whereupon_o the_o legion_n be_v divide_v and_o encamp_v apart_o about_o a_o mile_n and_o a_o half_a asunder_o hannibal_n as_o well_o by_o the_o prisoner_n he_o have_v take_v as_o by_o their_o proceed_n have_v now_o learn_v there_o be_v a_o ill_a understanding_n between_o the_o two_o general_n and_o well_o know_v too_o the_o mind_n of_o minutius_n wherefore_o right_o judge_v that_o this_o posture_n of_o their_o affair_n will_v in_o the_o end_n work_v more_o mischief_n to_o they_o than_o to_o he_o he_o begin_v to_o contrive_v how_o to_o lay_v bait_n for_o minutius_n that_o he_o may_v a_o little_a restrain_v his_o insolence_n and_o confound_v his_o design_n and_o observe_v a_o small_a rise_a ground_n between_o he_o and_o minutius_n camp_n by_o which_o either_o may_v incommode_v the_o other_o hannibal_n therefore_o resolve_v to_o possess_v it_o and_o for_o that_o he_o be_v well_o assure_v the_o roman_a embolden_v by_o his_o late_a success_n will_v oppose_v he_o he_o therefore_o devise_v this_o stratagem_n the_o country_n round_o about_o near_o this_o piece_n of_o ground_n be_v in_o truth_n plain_a and_o champaign_n no_o part_n thereof_o seem_v in_o any_o wise_a capable_a of_o ambush_n but_o forasmuch_o as_o in_o the_o plain_a country_n there_o be_v little_a insensible_a rise_n and_o fall_n turn_n and_o wind_n rock_n and_o cavern_n where_o man_n may_v be_v conceal_v as_o here_o there_o be_v wherefore_o in_o these_o place_n he_o hide_v five_o hundred_o horse_n and_o five_o thousand_o foot_n divide_v into_o