into_o a_o difficult_a place_n he_o resolve_v to_o conceal_v the_o trouble_n of_o his_o mind_n that_o the_o rest_n may_v not_o be_v afraid_a command_v his_o man_n to_o march_v a_o little_a aside_o as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o assault_v the_o enemy_n by_o take_v a_o great_a compass_n about_o but_o by_o turn_v his_o army_n round_o who_o know_v nothing_o of_o the_o matter_n he_o bring_v they_o into_o safety_n 14._o p._n decius_n the_o tribune_n in_o the_o samnetick_a war_n persuade_v cornelius_n cossus_n the_o consul_n who_o be_v surprise_v by_o the_o enemy_n in_o a_o dangerous_a place_n to_o command_v a_o small_a party_n to_o seize_v upon_o a_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o offer_v himself_o to_o command_v that_o party_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n the_o enemy_n be_v resolve_v to_o oppose_v this_o motion_n suffer_v the_o consul_n to_o escape_v but_o surround_v and_o besiege_v decius_n but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o also_o sally_v out_o of_o those_o strait_n after_o some_o contest_v he_o arrive_v in_o safety_n with_o his_o soldier_n and_o join_v the_o consul_n army_n 15._o the_o same_o course_n be_v observe_v under_o the_o command_n of_o attilius_n calatinus_n cons_n by_o he_o who_o name_n be_v various_o write_v some_o call_v he_o laberius_n some_o q._n caeditius_n most_o write_v that_o he_o be_v name_v calpurnius_n flamma_n this_o captain_n find_v that_o his_o army_n be_v lead_v into_o such_o a_o valley_n that_o on_o every_o side_n the_o enemy_n have_v take_v possession_n of_o the_o high_a ground_n desire_v and_o obtain_v of_o the_o consul_n three_o hundred_o man_n who_o he_o encourage_v by_o their_o valour_n to_o save_v the_o whole_a army_n with_o this_o party_n he_o march_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o valley_n and_o immediate_o all_o the_o enemy_n run_v down_o upon_o they_o to_o cut_v they_o off_o so_o that_o while_o he_o be_v busy_v in_o a_o very_a fierce_a and_o long_a combat_n he_o give_v opportunity_n and_o leisure_n to_o the_o consul_n to_o draw_v off_o his_o army_n 16._o l._n minutius_n the_o consul_n in_o liguria_n have_v lead_v his_o army_n into_o a_o straight_a place_n and_o every_o one_o do_v yet_o remember_v the_o sad_a destruction_n of_o the_o roman_n call_v caudinae_n clades_fw-la command_v the_o numidian_n his_o auxiliary_a troop_n who_o be_v despicable_a in_o regard_n of_o the_o deformity_n of_o their_o person_n and_o of_o their_o horse_n to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o about_o the_o narrow_a passage_n that_o lead_v out_o of_o the_o strait_n which_o be_v defend_v by_o the_o enemy_n first_o they_o fear_v to_o be_v provoke_v to_o battle_n stand_v to_o their_o station_n and_o keep_v their_o post_n but_o the_o numidian_n endeavour_v to_o cause_v themselves_o to_o be_v despise_v by_o fall_v purposely_o from_o their_o horse_n and_o in_o play_v strange_a trick_n as_o in_o sport_n at_o this_o unusual_a sight_n the_o ligurian_o begin_v to_o open_v their_o rank_n and_o to_o mind_n nothing_o but_o the_o see_v of_o the_o play_n the_o numidian_n perceive_v this_o draw_v near_a and_o near_o at_o last_o clap_v the_o spur_n to_o their_o horse_n they_o break_v through_o the_o neglect_a and_o open_a rank_n or_o station_n of_o their_o enemy_n and_o then_o fall_v upon_o the_o neighbour_a country_n force_v the_o ligurian_o to_o depart_v and_o defend_v their_o dwelling_n and_o to_o suffer_v the_o roman_n quiet_o to_o march_v out_o 17._o l._n sylla_n in_o the_o war_n of_o the_o confederate_n near_o the_o city_n esernia_n in_o italy_n be_v surprise_v in_o a_o straight_a place_n therefore_o he_o send_v to_o the_o enemy_n army_n command_v by_o duillius_fw-la for_o a_o parley_n and_o begin_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o condition_n of_o peace_n without_o any_o success_n but_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n to_o be_v grow_v more_o negligent_a because_o of_o the_o truce_n depart_v in_o the_o night_n leave_v behind_o he_o his_o trumpeter_n who_o be_v to_o divide_v the_o watch_n as_o long_o as_o any_o shall_v remain_v behind_o and_o at_o the_o four_o watch_n shall_v follow_v he_o thus_o he_o bring_v away_o all_o his_o army_n with_o all_o their_o baggage_n and_o warlike_a instrument_n into_o safety_n 18._o the_o same_o sylla_n in_o the_o war_n against_o archelaus_n mithridates_n general_n in_o cappadocia_n be_v worsted_n by_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o enemy_n in_o a_o incommodious_a place_n he_o therefore_o propose_v to_o they_o article_n of_o peace_n and_o obtain_v a_o time_n of_o truce_n by_o this_o diversion_n of_o the_o enemy_n intention_n he_o escape_v out_o of_o the_o danger_n 19_o hasdrubal_n hannibal_n brother_n be_v not_o able_a to_o get_v out_o of_o a_o wood_n whereof_o the_o passage_n be_v stop_v by_o claudius_n nero_n begin_v to_o treat_v with_o he_o and_o to_o promise_v that_o if_o he_o may_v be_v suffer_v to_o depart_v he_o will_v leave_v spain_n afterward_o he_o spend_v some_o day_n in_o find_v fault_n with_o the_o condition_n impose_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n by_o certain_a narrow_a path_n which_o be_v therefore_o neglect_v he_o send_v away_o his_o soldier_n by_o party_n and_o at_o the_o last_o he_o himself_o escape_v with_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v the_o compleat_a part_n of_o his_o army_n 20._o spartacus_n march_v over_o a_o little_a trench_n with_o which_o m._n crassus_n have_v enclose_v he_o in_o by_o fill_v it_o up_o in_o the_o night_n with_o the_o body_n of_o his_o captive_n and_o of_o beast_n 21._o the_o same_o person_n be_v besiege_v in_o mount_n vesuvius_n escape_v over_o the_o steep_a and_o most_o craggy_a part_n which_o be_v not_o therefore_o guard_v by_o twist_v together_o some_o field_n withies_n of_o which_o he_o make_v chain_n to_o slide_v down_o and_o afterward_o he_o so_o terrify_v claudius_n on_o another_o side_n that_o some_o of_o his_o troop_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o seventy_o four_o fencer_n 22._o the_o same_o spartacus_n be_v shut_v up_o by_o l._n varinus_n the_o proconsul_n fix_a stake_n at_o some_o little_a distance_n from_o one_o another_o at_o which_o he_o tie_v dead_a body_n stand_v upright_o and_o clothe_v with_o their_o arm_n that_o such_o as_o shall_v look_v at_o a_o distance_n may_v fancy_v it_o to_o be_v a_o party_n in_o guard_n and_o cause_v beside_o fire_n to_o be_v kindle_v about_o his_o camp_n every_o where_n whilst_o his_o enemy_n be_v deceive_v with_o this_o vain_a appearance_n he_o lead_v out_o in_o the_o night_n all_o his_o army_n peaceable_o 23._o brasidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a captain_n be_v surprise_v about_o amphipolis_n by_o a_o great_a multitude_n of_o athenian_n which_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v he_o therefore_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v shut_v in_o by_o they_o that_o by_o extenuate_a their_o body_n in_o a_o round_a circle_n he_o may_v break_v out_o through_o some_o part_n of_o their_o body_n where_o they_o be_v thin_a 24._o iphicrates_n in_o thracia_n have_v place_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o low_a ground_n understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v the_o next_o hill_n from_o which_o a_o party_n be_v come_v to_o cut_v they_o off_o he_o command_v his_o man_n to_o make_v many_o fire_n and_o leave_v a_o few_o within_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o night_n for_o that_o purpose_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o lead_v out_o his_o army_n and_o place_v they_o along_o the_o way_n on_o both_o side_n through_o which_o he_o suffer_v the_o enemy_n to_o pass_v and_o catch_v they_o in_o the_o same_o disadvantageous_a place_n in_o which_o he_o be_v before_o thus_o he_o cut_v off_o some_o part_n of_o their_o rear_n and_o take_v the_o rest_n in_o the_o camp_n 25._o darius_n to_o hide_v from_o the_o scythian_n his_o departure_n leave_v behind_o he_o in_o his_o camp_n the_o dog_n and_o the_o ass_n which_o while_o the_o enemy_n hear_v bark_v and_o bray_a they_o think_v that_o darius_n be_v yet_o there_o 26._o the_o ligurian_o deceive_v the_o roman_n with_o a_o like_a subtlety_n in_o divers_a place_n they_o tie_v to_o the_o tree_n wild_a bullock_n which_o be_v leave_v behind_o by_o their_o frequent_a bellow_n show_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o army_n to_o the_o enemy_n 27._o hanno_n be_v shut_v in_o by_o the_o enemy_n set_v on_o fire_n a_o great_a deal_n of_o light_n and_o combustible_a stuff_n in_o that_o place_n which_o be_v fit_a for_o he_o to_o sally_v out_o and_o when_o he_o see_v the_o enemy_n go_v to_o defend_v the_o other_o passage_n he_o lead_v his_o soldier_n through_o the_o flame_n advise_v they_o to_o cover_v their_o face_n with_o their_o buckler_n and_o their_o leg_n with_o their_o clothes_n 28._o hannibal_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o a_o incommodious_a and_o barren_a place_n be_v pursue_v by_o fabius_n maximus_n in_o the_o night_n tie_v dry_a faggot_n of_o wood_n to_o the_o horn_n of_o ox_n which_o he_o set_v on_o fire_n and_o send_v they_o out_o the_o flame_n increase_v by_o
unlawful_a for_o they_o to_o act_v any_o thing_n of_o moment_n and_o overcome_v they_o 18._o lysander_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n against_o the_o athenian_n at_o the_o town_n of_o aegospotamos_n resolve_v at_o certain_a time_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o the_o athenian_a navy_n and_o to_o retreat_v back_o again_o with_o his_o ship_n which_o have_v perform_v often_o when_o the_o athenian_n after_o his_o departure_n be_v scatter_v to_o gather_v their_o force_n together_o he_o according_a to_o his_o former_a custom_n stretch_v out_o his_o navy_n in_o length_n and_o again_o command_v they_o together_o and_o when_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n according_a to_o custom_n be_v depart_v he_o assault_v the_o rest_n destroy_v they_o and_o take_v the_o whole_a fleet._n chap._n ii_o of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o a_o fight_n example_n 1._o when_o m._n curius_n see_v that_o he_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n resist_v the_o phalanx_n or_o the_o body_n of_o ten_o thousand_o pike_n of_o king_n pyrrhus_n when_o they_o be_v join_v together_o in_o a_o open_a field_n order_v the_o matter_n so_o that_o he_o be_v to_o fight_v in_o a_o straight_a and_o narrow_a place_n where_o be_v close_o together_o they_o may_v be_v a_o hindrance_n to_o one_o another_o 2._o cn._n pompeius_n in_o cappadocia_n choose_v a_o place_n for_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o high_a ground_n that_o the_o proclivity_n of_o the_o hill_n may_v assist_v the_o charge_v of_o his_o soldier_n so_o that_o by_o their_o run_v down_o he_o easy_o overcome_v mithridates_n and_o his_o army_n 3._o when_o c._n caesar_n be_v to_o fight_v against_o pharnaces_n the_o son_n of_o mithridates_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o man_n in_o battle_n on_o a_o hill_n which_o much_o facilitated_a the_o gain_v of_o the_o victory_n for_o the_o roman_a soldier_n cast_v their_o dart_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n upon_o the_o enemy_n quick_o cause_v they_o to_o turn_v their_o back_n 4._o when_o lucullus_n be_v to_o encounter_v with_o mithridates_n and_o tigranes_n in_o the_o great_a armenia_n near_o tigranacerta_n he_o get_v possession_n in_o haste_n of_o a_o plain_a ground_n which_o be_v on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n with_o part_n of_o his_o troop_n and_o then_o assault_v the_o enemy_n which_o be_v under_o charge_v their_o horse_n in_o the_o flank_n and_o have_v drive_v part_n of_o they_o and_o pursue_v they_o when_o they_o run_v in_o and_o disorder_a their_o foot_n he_o obtain_v a_o most_o famous_a victory_n 5._o ventidius_z general_n against_o the_o parthian_a army_n will_v not_o lead_v out_o his_o soldier_n to_o the_o fight_n till_o the_o enemy_n be_v within_o fifty_o pace_n and_o then_o by_o run_v sudden_o upon_o they_o he_o close_v in_o with_o they_o so_o near_o that_o he_o frustrate_v their_o arrow_n which_o they_o make_v use_v of_o at_o a_o distance_n by_o this_o proceed_n he_o show_v such_o a_o appearance_n of_o confidence_n and_o courage_n that_o he_o quick_o overcome_v those_o barbarous_a people_n 6._o when_o hannibal_n be_v to_o fight_v against_o marcellus_n at_o numistro_n he_o place_v his_o army_n among_o the_o pit_n and_o break_a way_n on_o one_o hand_n and_o make_v use_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n as_o a_o wall_n and_o a_o defence_n thus_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n and_o overcome_v a_o most_o famous_a captain_n 7._o when_o the_o same_o hannibal_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n understand_v that_o the_o river_n volturnus_n beyond_o the_o nature_n of_o other_o river_n yield_v strong_a wind_n in_o the_o morning_n which_o raise_v up_o great_a cloud_n of_o sand_n and_o dust_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o all_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n beat_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o his_o man_n and_o into_o the_o face_n and_o eve_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o these_o inconvenience_n which_o wonderful_o incommode_v the_o roman_a army_n he_o get_v that_o remarkable_a victory_n 8._o marius_n have_v appoint_v a_o day_n to_o fight_v against_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutones_n place_v before_o his_o camp_n his_o soldier_n strengthen_v with_o food_n that_o by_o the_o little_a distance_n that_o be_v between_o they_o and_o their_o enemy_n their_o army_n may_v be_v first_o overcome_v by_o their_o labour_n in_o gain_v it_o and_o beside_o their_o weariness_n in_o run_v this_o space_n he_o give_v they_o another_o trouble_v he_o draw_v up_o his_o man_n so_o that_o the_o army_n of_o those_o barbarous_a people_n have_v the_o sun_n the_o wind_n and_o the_o dust_n in_o their_o face_n 9_o cleomenes_z the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n against_o hippias_n the_o athenian_a who_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o horse_n cause_v tree_n to_o be_v lay_v along_o the_o plane_n where_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v and_o render_v it_o unpassable_a to_o the_o horse_n 10._o the_o iberi_n be_v receive_v by_o a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o fear_v that_o they_o shall_v be_v surround_v march_v to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o river_n which_o in_o that_o country_n have_v high_a bank_n thus_o be_v defend_v behind_o by_o the_o river_n and_o excel_v the_o enemy_n in_o valour_n they_o assault_v the_o first_o rank_n and_o destroy_v the_o whole_a army_n of_o their_o enemy_n 11._o xanthippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a change_v the_o fortune_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a war_n only_o by_o the_o change_n of_o a_o place_n for_o when_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v almost_o reduce_v to_o despair_v they_o hire_v he_o to_o be_v their_o general_n when_o he_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o african_n who_o excel_v and_o exceed_v the_o roman_n in_o horse_n and_o elephant_n draw_v up_o on_o the_o hill_n and_o that_o the_o roman_n who_o strength_n consist_v in_o their_o foot_n hold_v the_o valley_n he_o lead_v the_o carthaginian_n down_n to_o they_o with_o his_o elephant_n he_o disorder_v their_o rank_n and_o with_o the_o numidian_a horse_n he_o pursue_v the_o disperse_a soldier_n and_o rout_v their_o army_n win_v the_o same_o day_n a_o victory_n both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n 12._o when_o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a general_n be_v lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n he_o cause_v a_o party_n of_o horse_n to_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o before_o that_o they_o may_v raise_v a_o great_a dust_n before_o the_o enemy_n eye_n when_o they_o expect_v the_o horse_n to_o fall_v upon_o they_o he_o lead_v about_o his_o foot_n soldier_n from_o that_o side_n where_o the_o horse_n be_v ride_v against_o the_o enemy_n and_o fall_v upon_o they_o sudden_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o overcome_v they_o 13._o three_o hundred_o lacedaemonian_n hold_v and_o defend_v the_o strait_n call_v thermopylae_n against_o a_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o persian_n because_o those_o strait_n will_v not_o suffer_v a_o great_a number_n to_o fight_v at_o once_o near_o at_o hand_n by_o this_o mean_n they_o be_v equal_a in_o number_n to_o those_o barbarous_a people_n but_o excel_v they_o in_o valour_n and_o courage_n cut_v in_o piece_n a_o great_a many_o of_o they_o neither_o can_v they_o have_v be_v overcome_v if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v for_o a_o traitor_n name_v epialtes_n of_o trachinia_n who_o lead_v the_o persian_n round_o about_o upon_o their_o back_n and_o overpower_v they_o 14._o themistocles_n the_o athenian_a general_n when_o he_o see_v that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o much_o for_o the_o advantage_n of_o greece_n to_o fight_v with_o xerxes_n his_o numerous_a navy_n in_o the_o strait_n of_o salamini_fw-la and_o can_v not_o persuade_v his_o citizen_n by_o craft_n he_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o grecian_n be_v force_v to_o comply_v with_o this_o advantage_n for_o pretend_v himself_o a_o traitor_n he_o send_v to_o xerxes_n to_o signify_v to_o he_o that_o his_o countryman_n be_v ready_a to_o fly_v away_o and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v far_o more_o difficult_a for_o he_o to_o assault_v every_o city_n by_o a_o siege_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o persian_a navy_n be_v first_o disquiet_v while_o they_o be_v watch_v all_o night_n afterward_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o with_o his_o fresh_a man_n encounter_v with_o the_o say_a persian_n tire_v with_o want_n of_o rest_n in_o a_o straight_a place_n as_o he_o desire_v in_o which_o xerxes_n can_v not_o make_v use_n of_o his_o number_n in_o which_o he_o do_v exceed_v chap._n iii_o of_o order_v and_o draw_v up_o a_o army_n in_o battle_n etc._n etc._n example_n 1._o cn_fw-la scipio_n general_n in_o spain_n against_o hanno_n at_o the_o town_n of_o indibile_fw-la take_v notice_n that_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n be_v so_o order_v that_o the_o spaniard_n be_v to_o fight_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n who_o be_v indeed_o the_o stout_a soldier_n but_o mercenary_a and_o war_v not_o for_o themselves_o but_o for_o other_o and_o that_o in_o the_o left_a wing_n be_v the_o african_n a_o weak_a sort_n of_o man_n but_o more_o
the_o gaul_n the_o ligurian_o the_o baleares_n and_o the_o moor_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o fly_v away_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v next_o behind_o that_o they_o may_v in_o the_o first_o encounter_n with_o the_o enemy_n disturb_v or_o weary_v they_o after_o they_o he_o place_v his_o own_o man_n and_o the_o macedonian_n who_o may_v receive_v the_o tire_a roman_n afresh_o and_o in_o the_o rear_n he_o put_v the_o italian_n who_o constancy_n and_o courage_n he_o suspect_v because_o he_o have_v draw_v many_o of_o they_o out_o of_o italy_n against_o their_o wi_n scipio_n against_o this_o order_n draw_v up_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o legion_n in_o three_o battalion_n in_o the_o front_n divide_v they_o into_o hastati_fw-la principes_fw-la and_o triarii_n that_o be_v first_o spear-man_n next_o such_o as_o be_v of_o a_o gentile_a and_o noble_a descent_n last_o another_o sort_n of_o soldier_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n who_o do_v common_o march_v and_o fight_v in_o the_o rear_n neither_o be_v the_o company_n close_o together_o but_o he_o leave_v a_o space_n between_o every_o one_o that_o the_o elephant_n that_o be_v drive_v against_o they_o by_o the_o enemy_n may_v pass_v by_o without_o disorder_v the_o rank_n and_o those_o interval_n he_o fill_v up_o with_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v light_o arm_v and_o nimble_a in_o onset_n and_o retreat_n this_o he_o do_v that_o his_o army_n may_v not_o appear_v divide_v into_o several_a body_n he_o command_v these_o nimble_a soldier_n that_o at_o the_o first_o approach_n of_o the_o elephant_n they_o shall_v retreat_v and_o march_v to_o the_o side_n of_o the_o battalion_n he_o place_v next_o his_o horse_n and_o divide_v they_o into_o two_o wing_n the_o right_a be_v roman_a horseman_n he_o assign_v to_o lelius_n over_o the_o left_a compose_v of_o numidian_n he_o appoint_v king_n massanissa_n which_o prudent_a order_n be_v no_o doubt_n the_o cause_n of_o the_o victory_n it_o will_v not_o be_v unpleasing_a to_o the_o reader_n to_o give_v here_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o draw_v up_o of_o scipio_n army_n which_o procure_v he_o one_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a victory_n of_o antiquity_n together_o with_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o triumph_n and_o to_o the_o roman_n the_o dominion_n over_o their_o false_a carthaginian_a neighbour_n t._n livius_n describe_v this_o battle_n l._n 30._o c._n 33._o in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o frontinus_n the_o strength_n and_o good_a success_n depend_v upon_o the_o good_a order_n and_o preservation_n of_o the_o rank_n of_o their_o army_n which_o be_v make_v up_o of_o several_a distinct_a legion_n the_o legion_n in_o scipio_n time_n have_v in_o it_o 4200_o soldier_n 1200_o hastati_fw-la or_o spear-man_n 1200_o principes_fw-la 600_o triarii_n 1200_o velite_n or_o light_o arm_v the_o legion_n be_v divide_v into_o ten_o cohort_n or_o distinct_a company_n in_o which_o be_v 120_o hastati_fw-la 120_o principes_fw-la 60_o triarii_n and_o 120_o velite_n scipio_n cohors_fw-la belong_v to_o every_o legion_n be_v thus_o represent_v the_o hastati_fw-la 120_o 40_o the_o velite_n the_o principes_fw-la 120_o 40_o the_o triarii_n 60_o 40_o in_o every_o cohors_fw-la or_o company_n be_v three_o manipuli_fw-la or_o small_a band_n each_o under_o one_o captain_n or_o centurion_n i_o find_v some_o difference_n in_o the_o roman_a author_n in_o the_o number_n of_o their_o legion_n and_o in_o their_o order_n of_o a_o army_n romulus_n their_o first_o founder_n as_o he_o be_v but_o a_o little_a prince_n his_o army_n be_v but_o small_a and_o his_o legion_n less_o with_o the_o increase_n of_o their_o empire_n their_o legion_n and_o cohort_n do_v increase_v in_o number_n the_o legion_n as_o in_o caesar_n time_n have_v 6000_o man_n in_o it_o and_o so_o proportionable_o their_o cohort_n be_v more_o numerous_a than_o former_o but_o that_o which_o give_v they_o a_o great_a advantage_n over_o all_o other_o nation_n be_v their_o skill_n in_o draw_v up_o of_o their_o army_n according_a to_o the_o place_n and_o enemy_n with_o who_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v scipio_n in_o this_o battle_n appoint_v the_o strength_n of_o his_o legion_n to_o be_v in_o the_o front_n whereas_o other_o general_n use_n to_o place_v their_o chief_a man_n in_o the_o rear_n or_o to_o keep_v they_o for_o the_o reserve_v take_v here_o a_o scheme_n of_o each_o legion_n of_o scipio_n army_n according_a to_o the_o description_n of_o frontinus_n and_o livy_n the_o legion_n of_o 4200_o soldier_n divide_v into_o thirty_o band_n or_o company_n under_o their_o distinct_a leader_n or_o captain_n with_o that_o order_n and_o space_n between_o each_o company_n that_o be_v observe_v by_o scipio_n when_o he_o overcome_v hannibal_n in_o africa_n 1._o the_o battalion_n of_o spear-man_n or_o hastati_fw-la 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 2._o the_o principes_fw-la 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 120_o 3._o the_o triarii_n 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o 60_o  _fw-fr the_o interval_n or_o space_n between_o be_v fill_v up_o and_o make_v good_a with_o velite_n or_o soldier_n light_o arm_v they_o have_v that_o excellent_a way_n that_o let_v the_o ground_n be_v never_o so_o unfit_a for_o a_o pitch_a battle_n they_o will_v bring_v they_o up_o in_o that_o order_n that_o one_o company_n be_v to_o second_v another_o and_o relieve_v such_o as_o be_v weary_a or_o overpower_a who_o can_v easy_o retreat_v without_o damage_n and_o fall_v in_o the_o rear_n and_o though_o the_o difference_n of_o arm_n now_o cause_v we_o to_o differ_v much_o from_o their_o way_n yet_o the_o wise_a general_n as_o spinola_n prince_n maurice_n and_o other_o have_v profess_v themselves_o to_o be_v indebt_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o some_o of_o their_o skill_n and_o cunning_n in_o order_v a_o army_n 17._o archelaus_n fight_v against_o sylla_n in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n appoint_v cart_n arm_v with_o sythes_n to_o break_v and_o disorder_v the_o roman_a rank_n in_o the_o second_o he_o place_v his_o macedonian_a phalanx_n or_o 10000_o pikeman_n in_o the_o three_o battalion_n be_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a method_n the_o auxiliary_a troop_n mingle_v with_o the_o fugitive_n come_v out_o of_o italy_n in_o who_o courage_n and_o resolution_n he_o have_v a_o great_a confidence_n in_o the_o rear_n he_o draw_v up_o a_o body_n of_o soldier_n light_o arm_v and_o in_o the_o wing_n he_o place_v his_o horseman_n of_o who_o he_o have_v a_o great_a number_n and_o order_v they_o to_o enclose_v in_o the_o enemy_n but_o sylla_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n cause_v a_o large_a ditch_n to_o be_v dig_v on_o each_o hand_n of_o his_o army_n and_o at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o ditch_n he_o raise_v a_o bulwark_n to_o defend_v it_o to_o this_o end_n that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v shut_v in_o with_o the_o vast_a number_n of_o the_o foot_n and_o chief_o of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n who_o be_v strong_a than_o he_o next_o he_o divide_v his_o foot_n into_o three_o body_n leave_v space_n between_o for_o the_o soldier_n light_o arm_v and_o for_o his_o horse_n he_o draw_v they_o up_o in_o the_o rear_n that_o when_o time_n shall_v serve_v he_o may_v send_v they_o out_o to_o charge_v the_o enemy_n and_o command_v the_o first_o rank_n of_o the_o second_o battle_n to_o fix_v fast_o in_o the_o ground_n many_o sharp_a stake_n thick_a together_o so_o that_o when_o the_o cart_n arm_v with_o sythes_n draw_v near_o he_o cause_v the_o foremost_a of_o the_o roman_n to_o retreat_v within_o the_o stake_n before_o their_o cohors_fw-la command_v at_o that_o instant_n the_o whole_a army_n to_o give_v a_o shout_n and_o the_o forlorn_a hope_n to_o cast_v their_o dart_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o enemy_n cart_n be_v either_o stop_v with_o the_o stake_n or_o terrify_v with_o the_o extraordinary_a shout_n and_o sudden_a assault_n so_o that_o they_o turn_v back_o upon_o their_o own_o man_n and_o disorder_v the_o macedonian_a array_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o give_v ground_n whereas_o sylla_n maintain_v his_o archelaus_n at_o that_o moment_n charge_v with_o his_o horse_n but_o when_o the_o roman_a horseman_n encounter_v with_o they_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o complete_v the_o victory_n 18._o c._n caesar_n prevent_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o stake_n fix_v in_o the_o ground_n the_o cart_n of_o the_o gaul_n which_o be_v arm_v with_o sythes_n 19_o alexander_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o arbella_n fear_v the_o number_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o know_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o own_o man_n draw_v up_o his_o army_n so_o as_o to_o receive_v the_o enemy_n on_o every_o side_n that_o in_o case_n he_o be_v encompass_v in_o they_o may_v fight_v every_o way_n 20._o when_o aemilius_n paulus_n march_v against_o perses_n king_n of_o macedonia_n he_o see_v that_o he_o have_v place_v a_o
procure_v the_o duke_n of_o parma_n the_o favour_n and_o esteem_v of_o all_o the_o spanish_a army_n but_o as_o the_o chief_a skill_n of_o a_o general_n consist_v not_o only_o in_o know_v when_o and_o how_o to_o overcome_v a_o enemy_n but_o also_o in_o understanding_n how_o to_o preserve_v his_o army_n and_o save_v it_o from_o a_o dangerous_a post_n or_o draw_v it_o out_o of_o the_o unexpected_a ambush_n of_o a_o powerful_a enemy_n this_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o mechlin_n for_o john_n of_o austria_n the_o spanish_a general_n have_v suffer_v a_o considerable_a part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n they_o retreat_v to_o their_o great_a gun_n and_o have_v encompass_v the_o spaniard_n round_o so_o that_o they_o have_v be_v all_o cut_n in_o piece_n have_v not_o parma_n secure_v their_o retreat_n which_o he_o do_v by_o place_v behind_o the_o hedge_n some_o company_n of_o musketeer_n to_o stop_v the_o pursue_a enemy_n and_o cause_v some_o troop_n of_o horse_n furious_o to_o charge_n whilst_o he_o give_v a_o private_a sign_n for_o a_o retreat_n and_o draw_v away_o the_o body_n of_o foot_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v into_o the_o narrow_a way_n line_v with_o his_o musketeer_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n order_n be_v give_v to_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o keep_v their_o rank_n and_o to_o stand_v ready_a to_o shelter_v their_o fellow_n at_o their_o return_n for_o fear_v the_o enemy_n follow_v close_o at_o the_o rear_n shall_v disorder_v and_o rout_n the_o whole_a army_n as_o it_o have_v often_o happen_v in_o such_o like_a case_n when_o john_n of_o austria_n be_v dead_a alexander_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o in_o the_o chief_a command_n of_o the_o army_n maestricht_n be_v first_o besiege_v by_o he_o where_o he_o so_o cunning_o enclose_v in_o the_o town_n with_o fort_n and_o work_n by_o land_n and_o two_o bridge_n over_o the_o river_n mosa_n that_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o of_o his_o army_n either_o to_o relieve_v the_o town_n or_o force_v he_o in_o his_o trench_n at_o last_o after_o a_o notable_a siege_n the_o city_n be_v take_v and_o miserable_o plunder_v by_o the_o duke_n army_n by_o his_o policy_n and_o valour_n he_o recover_v the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o netherlands_o defeat_v the_o troop_n of_o casimirus_n the_o saxon_a prince_n who_o with_o his_o german_a force_n assisted_z the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o the_o state_n he_o compel_v several_a great_a town_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o tourney_n aldenard_n dunkirk_n etc._n etc._n he_o drive_v the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n out_o of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o often_o beat_v the_o french_a auxiliary_n after_o their_o unhappy_a endeavour_n to_o surprise_v antwerp_n and_o the_o chief_a town_n which_o they_o assault_v at_o noon_n day_n by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n who_o attempt_v to_o take_v and_o plunder_v antwerp_n by_o treachery_n but_o parma_n excellent_a skill_n in_o war_n never_o appear_v more_o than_o in_o the_o famous_a siege_n of_o antwerp_n with_o ten_o or_o eleven_o thousand_o man_n he_o beleaguer_v that_o great_a city_n full_a of_o people_n defeat_v all_o the_o auxiliary_a force_n send_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n compel_v five_o other_o strong_a city_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o gant_n brussels_n mechlin_n nimeguen_n and_o teneramund_n in_o this_o siege_n he_o build_v a_o famous_a and_o most_o ingenious_a bridge_n over_o the_o river_n of_o scala_n this_o bridge_n be_v in_o part_n blow_v up_o and_o break_v by_o ship_n let_v down_o the_o stream_n from_o antwerp_n by_o a_o notable_a ingenier_n but_o such_o be_v the_o diligence_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n that_o he_o cause_v some_o beam_n plank_n and_o vessel_n to_o be_v lay_v in_o that_o breach_n and_o drum_n and_o trumpet_n there_o to_o sound_v to_o blind_a and_o deceive_v the_o holland_n vessel_n that_o be_v come_v up_o the_o river_n the_o next_o morning_n to_o relieve_v antwerp_n with_o provision_n so_o that_o notwithstanding_o this_o discouragement_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o soldier_n kill_v in_o the_o blow_n up_o of_o the_o bridge_n he_o continue_v the_o siege_n until_o the_o citizen_n be_v force_v by_o famine_n to_o yield_v up_o their_o city_n he_o reduce_v the_o state_n of_o holland_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o implore_v queen_n elizabeth_n aid_n she_o send_v send_v the_o earl_n of_o leicester_n with_o a_o brave_a army_n but_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n proceed_v on_o in_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o netherlands_o and_o the_o take_n of_o several_a town_n both_o from_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a but_o no_o action_n of_o this_o prince_n deserve_v more_o the_o admiration_n of_o man_n than_o his_o expedition_n into_o france_n the_o first_o be_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o paris_n besiege_v by_o henry_n the_o iv_o the_o duke_n be_v order_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n to_o march_v thither_o with_o his_o army_n henry_n be_v force_v to_o call_v together_o all_o his_o troop_n and_o rise_v from_o the_o siege_n to_o meet_v the_o duke_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o fight_v he_o but_o when_o he_o understand_v that_o paris_n be_v supply_v with_o provision_n he_o entrench_v himself_o in_o such_o a_o advantageous_a post_n that_o the_o king_n do_v not_o dare_v to_o beat_v he_o from_o thence_o he_o afterward_o retreat_v back_o into_o the_o low_a country_n and_o in_o view_n of_o the_o french_a army_n far_o more_o numerous_a than_o he_o storm_v and_o take_v the_o town_n of_o lagny_n and_o though_o the_o french_a follow_v he_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n yet_o he_o order_v his_o retreat_n so_o subtile_o that_o they_o can_v never_o fight_v he_o the_o next_o expedition_n be_v for_o the_o relief_n of_o rohan_n besiege_v by_o same_o king_n henry_n the_o iv_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n with_o a_o army_n of_o about_o 15000_o old_a soldier_n spaniard_n and_o walloon_n and_o 8000_o french_a under_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n go_v to_o rohan_n and_o oblige_v king_n henry_n to_o depart_v with_o his_o army_n parma_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o citizen_n assaulted_z caudebeck_n and_o take_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n king_n henry_n have_v gather_v together_o his_o disperse_a force_n and_o find_v himself_o as_o strong_a as_o his_o enemy_n resolve_v to_o pursue_v and_o fight_v they_o they_o be_v then_o about_o tuepot_n in_o the_o chalky_a country_n of_o normandy_n have_v the_o great_a river_n of_o seine_n between_o they_o both_o the_o duke_n army_n be_v much_o distress_v for_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o have_v receive_v some_o loss_n by_o the_o french_a army_n in_o skirmish_n and_o king_n henry_n have_v take_v great_a care_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o provision_n from_o they_o but_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n in_o one_o night_n deliver_v his_o army_n from_o the_o danger_n both_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o of_o famine_n he_o cause_v great_a boat_n cover_v over_o with_o beam_n and_o plank_n to_o fall_v down_o the_o river_n from_o rohan_n to_o his_o camp_n where_o he_o cause_v two_o fort_n to_o be_v raise_v with_o some_o redoubt_n to_o favour_n and_o defend_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n which_o in_o this_o place_n be_v half_a a_o league_n over_o upon_o these_o boat_n he_o convey_v over_o all_o his_o cannon_n and_o carriages_n his_o bag_n and_o baggage_n with_o horse_n and_o foot_n so_o that_o the_o next_o day_n when_o the_o french_a army_n be_v prepare_v to_o assault_v the_o spaniard_n in_o their_o tent_n they_o see_v only_a prince_n ranuse_n farnese_n with_o 1500_o man_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o canon_n go_v over_o to_o the_o duke_n army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n and_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o king_n power_n to_o follow_v he_o for_o want_n of_o boat_n or_o a_o bridge_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o duke_n return_v back_o with_o leisure_n into_o the_o low_a country_n relieve_v two_o great_a city_n against_o a_o powerful_a king_n and_o without_o venture_v his_o army_n to_o the_o great_a wonder_n of_o all_o europe_n perform_v what_o he_o have_v undertake_v chap._n xliii_o how_o the_o marquis_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr defeat_v five_o company_n of_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n with_o seventy_o lance_n and_o twenty_o five_o carabin_n this_o excellent_a commander_n by_o the_o duke_n of_o parma_n order_n march_v out_o of_o louvain_n where_o he_o be_v governor_n towards_o maestricht_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n and_o by_o chance_n meet_v with_o five_o company_n of_o foot_n and_o seven_o hundred_o horse_n at_o the_o first_o sight_n his_o man_n begin_v to_o fear_v the_o in-equality_n of_o the_o number_n but_o the_o marquis_n find_v himself_o too_o far_o advance_v and_o so_o near_o that_o he_o can_v not_o well_o
shower_n of_o poison_a arrow_n from_o their_o engine_n he_o cover_v they_o as_o they_o march_v on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o navy_n with_o their_o captive_n for_o who_o the_o enemy_n have_v so_o great_a a_o respect_n that_o they_o stop_v their_o arrow_n 2._o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a return_v out_o of_o phrygia_n load_v with_o spoil_n be_v close_o pursue_v by_o his_o enemy_n who_o take_v the_o advantage_n of_o a_o certain_a place_n fall_v upon_o his_o troop_n which_o make_v he_o to_o rank_v all_o his_o prisoner_n on_o both_o side_n of_o his_o army_n while_o the_o enemy_n spare_v they_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v time_n and_o space_n to_o escape_v out_o of_o the_o danger_n 3._o the_o same_o general_n when_o the_o theban_a army_n have_v possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o strait_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v he_o turn_v aside_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v to_o go_v direct_o to_o the_o city_n of_o thebes_n which_o so_o affright_v the_o theban_n that_o they_o forsake_v their_o station_n to_o defend_v their_o town_n this_o cause_v agesilaus_n to_o return_v back_o and_o to_o proceed_v on_o the_o way_n that_o he_o have_v design_v without_o any_o disturbance_n 4._o nicostratus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o aetolian_n make_v war_n against_o they_o of_o epirus_n find_v that_o the_o passage_n into_o that_o country_n be_v very_o narrow_a make_v show_v as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o assault_v they_o in_o one_o place_n where_o he_o leave_v some_o few_o of_o his_o soldier_n to_o maintain_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o army_n whilst_o he_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n enter_v into_o the_o country_n by_o another_o way_n where_o he_o be_v least_o expect_v 5._o autophradates_n the_o persian_a march_v with_o his_o army_n into_o pisidia_n find_v certain_a straight_a passage_n possess_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n which_o make_v he_o to_o dissemble_v a_o unwillingness_n to_o pass_v further_o and_o to_o resolve_v to_o return_v back_o the_o pisidian_n believe_v that_o he_o have_v be_v in_o earnest_n but_o he_o in_o the_o night_n send_v a_o very_a strong_a party_n to_o master_v that_o place_n and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o pass_v through_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n 6._o philip_n king_n of_o macedonia_n intend_v to_o go_v over_o into_o greece_n hear_v that_o the_o strait_n call_v thermopylae_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o aetolian_a ambassador_n lord_n of_o those_o strait_n come_v to_o he_o to_o treat_v about_o condition_n of_o peace_n philip_n secure_v they_o and_o with_o all_o speed_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o the_o thermopylae_n where_o he_o find_v the_o guard_n secure_a expect_v the_o return_n of_o their_o ambassador_n thus_o he_o seize_v upon_o those_o strait_n and_o unexpected_a pass_v through_o with_o his_o army_n 7._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n fight_v against_o anaxibius_n the_o lacedaemonian_a captain_n in_o the_o hellespont_n about_o the_o town_n abydos_n be_v force_v to_o pass_v with_o his_o army_n through_o certain_a place_n which_o be_v guard_v by_o the_o enemy_n for_o in_o one_o side_n of_o the_o passage_n be_v high_a and_o steep_a mountain_n in_o the_o other_o the_o wave_n of_o the_o sea_n he_o stop_v some_o small_a time_n till_o a_o day_n happen_v to_o be_v cold_a than_o ordinary_a and_o therefore_o most_o fit_a to_o conceal_v his_o purpose_n he_o choose_v a_o select_a number_n of_o his_o strong_a soldier_n who_o he_o warm_v with_o wine_n and_o oil_n command_v they_o to_o march_v along_o the_o seashore_n and_o to_o climb_v over_o the_o steep_a place_n thus_o he_o surprise_v the_o guard_n behind_o unexpected_a and_o master_v they_o 8._o when_o cn._n pompeius_n can_v not_o well_o pass_v his_o army_n over_o a_o river_n because_o of_o the_o enemy_n troop_n he_o often_o bring_v forth_o his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o trench_n and_o as_o often_o lead_v they_o in_o again_o that_o he_o may_v persuade_v the_o enemy_n that_o the_o roman_n can_v find_v no_o way_n to_o march_v forward_o then_o upon_o a_o sudden_a he_o give_v a_o onset_n and_o gain_v the_o passage_n 9_o when_o porus_n the_o indian_a king_n stop_v alexander_n the_o macedonian_a with_o his_o army_n from_o pass_v the_o river_n hydaspes_n he_o command_v his_o greek_a troop_n to_o run_v against_o the_o stream_n and_o when_o by_o that_o proceed_v porus_n be_v bring_v to_o take_v most_o heed_n and_o care_n of_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n on_o a_o sudden_a he_o pass_v over_o with_o his_o army_n a_o little_a high_o than_o be_v expect_v the_o same_o alexander_n be_v hinder_v in_o the_o passage_n of_o another_o river_n by_o the_o enemy_n he_o command_v that_o several_a troop_n of_o horse_n shall_v appear_v in_o several_a place_n on_o the_o side_n of_o the_o water_n and_o offer_v to_o pass_v over_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o keep_v the_o enemy_n employ_v and_o expect_v his_o motion_n there_o whilst_o he_o get_v into_o his_o power_n a_o island_n at_o a_o distance_n first_o with_o a_o small_a guard_n after_o with_o a_o great_a and_o from_o thence_o he_o command_v they_o to_o pass_v over_o to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n when_o all_o the_o enemy_n be_v march_v to_o encounter_v and_o destroy_v this_o small_a party_n he_o have_v the_o ford_n at_o liberty_n to_o get_v over_o with_o all_o his_o army_n to_o join_v with_o his_o man_n on_o the_o other_o side_n 10._o xenophon_n in_o his_o march_n find_v that_o the_o armenian_n stand_v on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o a_o river_n to_o impede_fw-la his_o passage_n he_o therefore_o command_v his_o man_n to_o seek_v out_o two_o ford_n and_o when_o he_o be_v oppose_v by_o the_o enemy_n at_o the_o low_a ford_n he_o return_v to_o the_o high_a when_o likewise_o he_o be_v encounter_v there_o by_o the_o enemy_n he_o go_v back_o to_o the_o low_a ford_n command_v a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n to_o remain_v there_o while_o therefore_o the_o armenian_n continue_v to_o defend_v the_o low_a ford_n he_o pass_v over_o at_o the_o high_a but_o they_o imagine_v that_o all_o will_v come_v down_o they_o be_v deceive_v by_o those_o that_o remain_v for_o these_o when_o the_o ford_n be_v at_o liberty_n they_o get_v on_o the_o other_o side_n without_o hindrance_n and_o become_v a_o defence_n to_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o man_n whilst_o they_o march_v through_o the_o river_n 11._o p._n claudius_n cons_n in_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n be_v not_o able_a to_o pass_v over_o with_o his_o army_n from_o rhegium_n to_o messana_n in_o sicily_n whilst_o the_o carthaginian_n keep_v the_o strait_n cause_v a_o report_n to_o be_v spread_v about_o that_o he_o can_v no_o long_o continue_v in_o this_o war_n because_o it_o be_v begin_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o that_o he_o will_v sail_v with_o his_o fleet_n back_o into_o italy_n when_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v depart_v who_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v real_o go_v he_o return_v sudden_o and_o land_v in_o sicily_n 12._o when_o the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n intend_v to_o sail_v to_o syracuse_n and_o be_v afraid_a of_o the_o carthaginian_a fleet_n send_v to_o intercept_v they_o they_o order_v ten_o ship_n of_o carthage_n which_o they_o have_v take_v to_o sail_v before_o with_o other_o drag_v and_o tie_v behind_o and_o on_o the_o side_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v overcome_v in_o fight_n by_o which_o appearance_n the_o carthaginian_n that_o wait_v for_o they_o be_v deceive_v and_o they_o arrive_v safe_a to_o their_o haven_n 13._o when_o king_n philip_n can_v not_o pass_v over_o the_o strait_n call_v cyanea_fw-la because_o of_o the_o athenian_a fleet_n which_o guard_v that_o convenient_a place_n he_o write_v to_o antipater_n one_o of_o his_o general_n that_o the_o province_n of_o thracia_n have_v destroy_v the_o garrison_n that_o he_o have_v leave_v there_o be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o therefore_o that_o leave_v other_o business_n he_o shall_v follow_v he_o which_o letter_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v intercept_v by_o the_o enemy_n the_o athenian_n judge_v that_o they_o have_v understand_v the_o secret_n of_o the_o macedonian_n sail_v away_o with_o their_o fleet_n and_o philip_n without_o resistance_n free_v these_o strait_n from_o the_o enemy_n the_o same_o king_n be_v hinder_v in_o his_o design_n upon_o cherronesus_n which_o be_v belong_v to_o the_o athenian_n because_o not_o only_o the_o ship_n of_o byzantium_n but_o also_o of_o rhodes_n and_o chios_n be_v in_o the_o passage_n endeavour_v to_o gain_v their_o friendship_n by_o restore_v to_o they_o the_o ship_n that_o he_o have_v take_v offer_v to_o make_v they_o judge_n and_o mediator_n of_o the_o peace_n between_o he_o and_o they_o of_o byzantium_n who_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o war._n in_o this_o negotiation_n he_o spin_v out_o crafty_o a_o long_a time_n always_o add_v
the_o motion_n of_o the_o beast_n cause_v they_o to_o bellow_v and_o run_v furious_o over_o the_o mountain_n where_o they_o be_v drive_v give_v a_o great_a light_n the_o roman_n that_o go_v out_o first_o to_o examine_v the_o business_n think_v it_o a_o prodigy_n and_o a_o wonder_n afterward_o when_o they_o have_v give_v a_o true_a account_n to_o fabius_n he_o keep_v his_o man_n within_o the_o camp_n for_o fear_n of_o ambush_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n hannibal_n with_o his_o army_n march_v out_o without_o resistance_n chap._n vi_o of_o ambush_n lay_v in_o the_o way_n example_n 1._o fvlvius_fw-la surname_v the_o noble_a lead_v his_o army_n out_o of_o samnium_n against_o the_o lucani_n understand_v by_o some_o run-a-way_n that_o the_o enemy_n will_v set_v upon_o his_o rear_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o order_v his_o stout_a legion_n to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n and_o place_v in_o the_o rear_n his_o baggage_n the_o enemy_n embrace_v this_o which_o be_v do_v on_o purpose_n begin_v to_o plunder_v the_o carriage_n but_o fulvius_n have_v appoint_v five_o company_n of_o the_o forementioned_a legion_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o way_n and_o five_o in_o the_o left_a so_o that_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v whole_o intent_n and_o busy_a about_o the_o plunder_n he_o shut_v they_o in_o on_o both_o side_n with_o his_o soldier_n draw_v up_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 2._o the_o same_o fulvius_n be_v pursue_v close_o by_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o rear_n whilst_o he_o be_v march_v towards_o a_o river_n near_o at_o hand_n which_o be_v not_o so_o great_a as_o to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n though_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o stream_n do_v stop_v he_o on_o the_o high_a bank_n he_o leave_v one_o legion_n in_o a_o secret_a place_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v more_o encourage_v to_o pursue_v after_o by_o the_o small_a number_n which_o they_o will_v infallible_o despise_v which_o according_o happen_v then_o the_o legion_n which_o be_v place_v on_o purpose_n come_v out_o of_o the_o ambuscado_n assault_v and_o destroy_v they_o 3._o when_o iphicrates_n lead_v into_o thracia_n a_o long_a army_n because_o of_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o way_n and_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o that_o the_o enemy_n will_v assault_v the_o rear_n he_o command_v some_o company_n to_o withdraw_v on_o both_o side_n and_o there_o to_o stand_v and_o the_o rest_n to_o proceed_v on_o and_o hasten_v speedy_o their_o march_n but_o when_o they_o pass_v by_o he_o keep_v with_o he_o every_o choice_a man_n so_o that_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_a and_o scatter_v about_o the_o prey_n and_o already_o weary_a he_o come_v upon_o they_o with_o his_o well-ordered_a and_o fresh_a troop_n rout_v they_o and_o take_v from_o they_o all_o the_o plunder_n 4._o the_o boii_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o wood_n call_v litana_n or_o latina_n have_v so_o cut_v the_o tree_n that_o they_o stand_v upright_o support_v by_o such_o a_o small_a part_n that_o at_o the_o least_o violence_n they_o will_v fall_v they_o be_v hide_v in_o the_o border_n of_o the_o wood_n when_o therefore_o their_o enemy_n be_v enter_v in_o they_o fling_v down_o the_o first_o and_o these_o full_v break_v down_o the_o next_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o cast_v down_o a_o great_a many_o upon_o the_o roman_n and_o crush_v a_o considerable_a party_n to_o piece_n chap._n vii_o by_o what_o mean_v the_o thing_n that_o we_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o may_v seem_v not_o to_o be_v want_v or_o the_o use_n otherways_o supply_v example_n 1._o l._n caecilius_n metellus_n have_v no_o ship_n to_o carry_v his_o elephant_n over_o the_o sea_n join_v together_o some_o hogshead_n and_o cast_v board_n over_o they_o upon_o which_o he_o place_v his_o elephant_n and_o send_v they_o into_o italy_n over_o the_o sicilian_a strait_n 2._o when_o hannibal_n can_v not_o oblige_v his_o elephant_n to_o march_v through_o a_o deep_a river_n and_o have_v neither_o ship_n nor_o board_n to_o build_v any_o to_o carry_v they_o over_o he_o command_v the_o fierce_a of_o these_o beast_n to_o be_v wound_v under_o the_o ear_n by_o one_o who_o shall_v immediate_o run_v away_o and_o swim_v over_o the_o water_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o happen_v that_o the_o elephant_n be_v stir_v up_o to_o revenge_v itself_o upon_o the_o author_n of_o its_o pain_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n and_o give_v a_o example_n for_o the_o rest_n to_o follow_v 3._o the_o carthaginian_a captain_n have_v a_o fleet_n to_o prepare_v and_o want_v tow_n and_o hemp_n they_o shave_v the_o woman_n of_o the_o country_n and_o with_o their_o hair_n make_v rope_n 4._o those_o of_o marseilles_n and_o rhodes_n have_v do_v the_o like_a 5._o m._n antonius_n fly_v from_o mutina_n furnish_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o bark_n of_o tree_n instead_o of_o buckler_n 6._o the_o buckler_n of_o spartacus_n and_o his_o army_n be_v make_v of_o withies_n cover_v over_o with_o skin_n or_o hide_n 7._o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o i_o conceive_v to_o relate_v in_o this_o place_n that_o noble_a deed_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a who_o march_v with_o his_o army_n through_o the_o desert_a place_n of_o africa_n they_o as_o well_o as_o himself_o be_v grievous_o afflict_v with_o thirst_n and_o when_o a_o soldier_n bring_v he_o some_o water_n in_o his_o head-piece_n he_o spill_v it_o upon_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o they_o all_o this_o example_n of_o abstinence_n prove_v to_o be_v more_o useful_a than_o if_o he_o can_v have_v supply_v they_o with_o water_n chap._n viii_o of_o streightning_n a_o enemy_n example_n 1._o when_o cariolanus_fw-la undertake_v to_o revenge_n the_o shame_n of_o his_o banishment_n by_o a_o open_a war_n he_o forbid_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o the_o nobleman_n of_o rome_n but_o burn_v and_o destroy_v the_o land_n of_o the_o common_a people_n that_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o may_v cause_v a_o discord_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o a_o division_n in_o their_o consent_n and_o resolution_n 2._o hannibal_n endeavour_v to_o bring_v into_o jealousy_n and_o asperse_v with_o infamy_n fabius_n maximus_n unto_o who_o he_o be_v not_o equal_a in_o courage_n nor_o in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n by_o destroy_v all_o the_o country_n and_o leave_v his_o field_n alone_o untouched_a but_o he_o to_o preserve_v himself_o in_o the_o reputation_n of_o his_o citizen_n that_o they_o may_v not_o suspect_v his_o faithfulness_n have_v such_o a_o great_a and_o noble_a soul_n as_o to_o cause_v his_o possession_n to_o be_v public_o offer_v to_o be_v sell_v 3._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n be_v consul_n the_o five_o time_n when_o the_o army_n of_o the_o gaul_n the_o vmbri_n the_o hetrusci_n and_o the_o samnite_n join_v together_o against_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n against_o who_o he_o have_v fortify_v his_o camp_n beyond_o the_o apennine_a hill_n write_v to_o fulvius_n and_o posthumius_fw-la who_o be_v leave_v to_o defend_v the_o city_n to_o march_v with_o their_o force_n to_o the_o town_n of_o sitium_fw-la or_o clusium_n the_o hetrusci_n and_o the_o vmbri_n follow_v they_o to_o defend_v their_o border_n and_o leave_v the_o samnite_n and_o the_o gaul_n who_o fabius_n together_o with_o his_o partner_n decius_n assaulted_z and_o overcome_v 4._o when_o m._n curius_n march_v against_o the_o sabine_n who_o have_v gather_v a_o numerous_a army_n leave_v their_o own_o border_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o send_v by_o private_a way_n a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n to_o spoil_v the_o field_n of_o the_o sabine_n and_o to_o burn_v their_o town_n here_o and_o there_o which_o oblige_v the_o sabine_n to_o return_v to_o prevent_v the_o spoil_n of_o their_o own_o country_n by_o this_o mean_v curius_n have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o waste_v the_o border_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o drive_v away_o their_o army_n without_o fight_v and_o when_o they_o be_v separate_v to_o overcome_v they_o 5._o when_o t._n didius_n be_v afraid_a with_o the_o small_a number_n of_o his_o man_n to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n and_o delay_v the_o fight_n till_o the_o come_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v expect_v and_o hear_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v march_v against_o they_o he_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n and_o command_v they_o to_o prepare_v for_o a_o fight_n and_o purposely_o cause_v the_o captive_n to_o be_v negligent_o keep_v so_o that_o some_o of_o they_o escape_v and_o carry_v news_n to_o their_o party_n that_o the_o remans_n be_v ready_a for_o the_o battle_n which_o make_v they_o in_o expectation_n of_o a_o fight_n to_o keep_v their_o strength_n together_o and_o not_o march_v to_o meet_v they_o for_o who_o they_o design_v to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n by_o this_o mean_n the_o legion_n arrive_v safe_a to_o didius_n without_o the_o loss_n of_o one_o man_n
double_a phalanx_n or_o body_n of_o pikeman_n to_o charge_n in_o the_o middle_n surround_v with_o soldier_n light_o arm_v and_o on_o both_o wing_n the_o macedonian_a horse_n against_o this_o order_n the_o roman_a general_n divide_v his_o army_n into_o three_o great_a body_n with_o some_o small_a company_n draw_v up_o in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o wedge_n between_o they_o he_o place_v his_o soldier_n light_o arm_v when_o he_o perceive_v that_o this_o do_v not_o profit_v he_o he_o resolve_v to_o give_v ground_n that_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o may_v draw_v the_o enemy_n into_o stony_a and_o break_a place_n which_o he_o have_v choose_v on_o purpose_n but_o the_o macedonian_n mistrust_v the_o retreat_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o be_v out_o of_o design_n march_v forward_o with_o their_o body_n of_o pike_n in_o good_a order_n then_o he_o command_v his_o horse_n to_o ride_v undiscovered_a out_o of_o sight_n of_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n and_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o they_o and_o to_o assault_v they_o with_o full_a speed_n that_o he_o may_v by_o the_o furiousness_n of_o the_o charge_n and_o the_o goodness_n of_o their_o army_n break_v and_o turn_v back_o the_o enemy_n pike_n which_o according_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o these_o weapon_n be_v render_v useless_a to_o the_o macedonian_n so_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o fly_v 21._o when_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n assist_v those_o of_o tarentum_n near_o asculum_n according_a to_o the_o say_v of_o homer_n which_o teach_v to_o place_v the_o most_o soldier_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o battle_n he_o appoint_v the_o samnite_n and_o his_o own_o countryman_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n in_o the_o leave_v the_o brutii_n and_o lucani_n together_o with_o the_o salentini_n but_o in_o the_o middle_n he_o draw_v up_o the_o tarentini_n and_o order_v his_o horse_n and_o elephant_n to_o stand_v as_o a_o reserve_n but_o the_o roman_a consul_n in_o opposition_n to_o he_o place_v their_o horse_n excellent_o well_o in_o the_o wing_n the_o legion_n in_o the_o van_n and_o rear_n and_o among_o they_o they_o mix_v their_o auxiliary_a troop_n in_o each_o army_n it_o be_v certain_a there_o be_v forty_o thousand_o man_n pyrrhus_n lose_v half_a his_o army_n and_o the_o roman_n about_o five_o thousand_o 22._o when_o cn._n pompeius_n encounter_v with_o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o field_n of_o pharsalia_n he_o divide_v his_o army_n into_o three_o body_n and_o every_o body_n have_v ten_o rank_n in_o latitude_n the_o strong_a legion_n according_a to_o their_o valour_n he_o place_v in_o the_o wing_n and_o between_o they_o in_o the_o open_a space_n he_o fill_v up_o with_o the_o new_a raise_v troop_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n he_o order_v only_o six_o hundred_o horse_n because_o of_o the_o river_n enipeus_n that_o overflow_a its_o bank_n have_v make_v holes_n and_o trench_n on_o that_o side_n of_o the_o country_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o horse_n he_o draw_v up_o in_o the_o left_a wing_n with_o all_o his_o auxiliary_n that_o he_o may_v encompass_v in_o on_o that_o side_n caesar_n army_n against_o this_o array_n julius_n caesar_n appear_v with_o three_o body_n of_o a_o army_n have_v put_v his_o legion_n in_o the_o front_n and_o that_o he_o may_v not_o be_v enclose_v in_o he_o have_v on_o his_o left_a side_n a_o marsh_n ground_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n he_o place_v his_o horse_n mingle_v with_o the_o nimble_a of_o his_o footman_n who_o be_v use_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o horse_n behind_o they_o he_o draw_v up_o some_o company_n of_o foot_n to_o second_v they_o and_o to_o be_v employ_v on_o sudden_a occasion_n but_o the_o right_a wing_n he_o cause_v to_o turn_v wind_v that_o he_o may_v better_o receive_v the_o onset_n of_o pompey_n horse_n which_o order_n contribute_v very_o much_o to_o the_o get_v the_o victory_n for_o when_o pompey_n horse_n be_v break_v in_o upon_o they_o they_o sally_v out_o unexpected_o turn_v they_o aside_o and_o expose_v they_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o caesar_n foot_n 23._o the_o emperor_n caesar_n germanicus_n when_o the_o catti_n a_o people_n of_o germany_n flee_v into_o their_o forest_n and_o assault_v the_o roman_n only_o with_o their_o horse_n command_v his_o horseman_n assoon_o as_o they_o be_v come_v to_o the_o baggage_n to_o leap_v from_o their_o horse_n and_o to_o fight_v on_o foot_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o bring_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o every_o place_n he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n not_o without_o wonder_n 24._o c._n duillius_fw-la see_v that_o the_o heaviness_n of_o his_o ship_n suffer_v the_o carthaginian_a navy_n easy_o to_o avoid_v and_o pass_v by_o they_o because_o of_o their_o nimbleness_n and_o lightness_n and_o that_o the_o courage_n and_o valour_n of_o his_o man_n profit_v he_o nothing_o invent_v the_o iron_n grapple_v which_o assoon_o as_o it_o have_v take_v hold_n of_o a_o enemy_n ship_n there_o be_v a_o bridge_n cast_v over_o and_o the_o roman_a soldier_n encounter_v with_o they_o in_o their_o own_o vessel_n and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n chap._n iu._n of_o disorder_v a_o enemy_n army_n example_n 1._o when_o papyrius_n surname_v cursor_n the_o consul_n son_n see_v that_o he_o encounter_v with_o the_o obstinate_a samnite_n with_o equal_a advantage_n he_o command_v spurius_n naucius_fw-la private_o and_o unknown_a to_o his_o own_o man_n to_o take_v with_o he_o a_o few_o servant_n and_o mule-driver_n ride_v on_o their_o mule_n with_o branch_n of_o tree_n draw_v on_o the_o ground_n in_o their_o hand_n and_o to_o run_v down_o a_o hill_n which_o be_v over_o against_o they_o with_o great_a noise_n which_o assoon_o as_o he_o perceive_v he_o cry_v out_o to_o his_o man_n that_o his_o victorious_a partner_n be_v come_v to_o his_o assistance_n and_o that_o now_o they_o shall_v prevent_v he_o and_o get_v to_o themselves_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o roman_n be_v fill_v with_o confidence_n and_o resolution_n and_o furious_o assault_v the_o enemy_n and_o put_v they_o all_o to_o flight_n 2._o f._n rutilius_n surname_v maximus_n be_v the_o four_o time_n consul_n in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o samnite_n have_v try_v all_o mean_n to_o break_v through_o the_o enemy_n battle_n at_o last_o he_o draw_v off_o all_o his_o pikeman_n from_o the_o rank_n and_o send_v they_o about_o with_o his_o lieutenant_n general_n scipio_n command_v he_o to_o take_v a_o hill_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v break_v in_o upon_o the_o back_n of_o their_o enemy_n which_o be_v do_v according_o the_o roman_n take_v courage_n and_o the_o samnite_n be_v fright_v and_o seek_v to_o fly_v they_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n 3._o when_o minutius_n rufus_n be_v general_n against_o the_o scordisci_n and_o the_o daci_n be_v likely_a to_o be_v overcharge_v by_o the_o number_n of_o their_o man_n that_o exceed_v he_o send_v his_o brother_n with_o a_o few_o horseman_n together_o with_o all_o his_o trumpeter_n and_o command_v they_o that_o assoon_o as_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v they_o shall_v sudden_o show_v themselves_o in_o divers_a place_n with_o their_o trumpet_n sound_v in_o such_o place_n of_o the_o mountain_n as_o may_v return_v and_o increase_v the_o echo_n this_o appearance_n of_o a_o vast_a multitude_n put_v such_o a_o terror_n into_o the_o enemy_n that_o they_o turn_v their_o back_n and_o flee_v 4._o attilius_n glabrio_n consul_n march_v against_o the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n which_o be_v come_v into_o achaia_n through_o the_o strait_n of_o thermopylae_n have_v be_v stop_v by_o the_o enemy_n with_o considerable_a loss_n because_o of_o the_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o place_n of_o battle_n have_v he_o not_o send_v round_o about_o m._n porcius_n cato_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v make_v a_o colonel_n by_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v in_o the_o army_n he_o send_v he_o with_o a_o party_n to_o assault_v the_o aetolian_n who_o hold_v the_o top_n of_o mount_n callidromus_n with_o a_o guard_n so_o that_o on_o a_o sudden_a he_o appear_v behind_o the_o king_n camp_n upon_o a_o high_a hill_n which_o so_o terrify_v the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n that_o they_o suffer_v the_o roman_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o they_o on_o all_o side_n they_o flee_v and_o leave_v their_o camp_n to_o their_o enemy_n pleasure_n 5._o c._n sulpitius_n petreius_n the_o consul_n war_a against_o the_o gaul_n command_v his_o mule-keeper_n to_o go_v private_o into_o the_o next_o mountain_n and_o from_o thence_o assoon_o as_o the_o fight_n be_v begin_v to_o show_v themselves_o to_o the_o army_n ride_v as_o so_o many_o horseman_n this_o sight_n make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o some_o assistance_n be_v come_v to_o the_o roman_a army_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o yield_v the_o victory_n when_o they_o have_v almost_o obtain_v it_o 6._o when_o marius_n be_v to_o give_v battle_n the_o next_o day_n to_o the_o
the_o camp_n of_o fulvius_n the_o roman_a general_n be_v negligent_o and_o ill_o provide_v and_o that_o he_o be_v apt_a to_o attempt_v many_o thing_n without_o discretion_n by_o break_n of_o day_n when_o the_o thick_a mist_n cause_v the_o air_n to_o be_v dark_a he_o show_v a_o few_o soldier_n to_o the_o roman_a sentinel_n against_o who_o fulvius_n immediate_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o the_o mean_a while_n hannibal_n assault_v and_o take_v the_o camp_n of_o fulvius_n on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o that_o mean_n fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o cut_v off_o eight_o thousand_o of_o their_o stout_a soldier_n with_o their_o general_n 22._o the_o same_o hannibal_n when_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v divide_v between_o the_o dictator_n fabius_n and_o minutius_n the_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o fabius_n wait_v for_o a_o fair_a opportunity_n but_o minutius_n desire_v earnest_o to_o fight_v he_o he_o place_v his_o camp_n in_o a_o plain_n that_o be_v between_o the_o two_o army_n and_o hide_v a_o party_n of_o foot_n among_o craggy_a rock_n whilst_o he_o send_v out_o some_o troop_n to_o invite_v forth_o the_o enemy_n and_o take_v possession_n of_o a_o high_a ground_n near_o adjoin_v when_o minutius_n lead_v forth_o his_o army_n to_o cut_v they_o off_o the_o ambush_n which_o hannibal_n have_v place_v rise_v up_o on_o a_o sudden_a and_o have_v defeat_v and_o destroy_v minutius_n army_n if_o fabius_n have_v not_o succour_v they_o in_o their_o need_n 23._o the_o same_o hannibal_n when_o at_o the_o river_n trebeia_n he_o have_v in_o fight_v the_o camp_n of_o the_o consul_n sempronius_n longus_n a_o river_n run_v between_o they_o place_v in_o ambush_n in_o the_o cold_a time_n of_o winter_n mago_n with_o a_o select_a company_n whilst_o he_o have_v order_v the_o numidian_a cavalry_n to_o ride_v about_o the_o roman_a camp_n to_o work_v upon_o the_o credulity_n of_o sempronius_n command_v they_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o retreat_v back_o through_o the_o know_a ford_n to_o his_o army_n when_o the_o consul_n have_v unadvised_o assault_v and_o follow_v they_o with_o his_o fast_n army_n through_o the_o river_n in_o a_o most_o bitter_a cold_a season_n which_o make_v the_o roman_a soldier_n shake_v then_o do_v hannibal_n encounter_v they_o with_o his_o man_n who_o he_o have_v prepare_v with_o fire_n oil_n and_o food_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v benumb_v with_o cold_a and_o in_o want_n of_o necessary_n and_o mago_n fail_v not_o to_o play_v his_o part_n for_o he_o fall_v upon_o they_o behind_o in_o good_a order_n 24._o the_o same_o hannibal_n at_o the_o lake_n thrasymenus_n find_v a_o narrow_a way_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o foot_n of_o a_o mountain_n and_o into_o open_a field_n pretend_v to_o fly_v and_o through_o the_o strait_n he_o escape_v into_o the_o level_a ground_n where_o he_o encamp_v but_o in_o the_o night_n he_o appoint_v some_o soldier_n and_o place_v they_o about_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v over_o he_o and_o in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o strait_n the_o next_o morning_n by_o break_n of_o day_n be_v favour_v by_o a_o mist_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n flaminius_n follow_v he_o as_o if_o he_o have_v flee_v but_o when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o strait_n he_o foresee_v not_o the_o ambush_n till_o he_o find_v himself_o encompass_v in_o before_o behind_z and_o on_o all_o side_n and_o till_o his_o army_n be_v total_o destroy_v 25._o the_o same_o hannibal_n fight_v against_o junius_n the_o dictator_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o night_n command_v six_o hundred_o horseman_n divide_v into_o several_a troop_n in_o their_o turn_n without_o cease_v to_o show_v themselves_o about_o the_o roman_a camp_n by_o that_o mean_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v tire_v by_o watch_v all_o night_n and_o stand_v upon_o the_o rampire_n in_o the_o rain_n which_o then_o happen_v to_o fall_v continual_o and_o when_o junius_n begin_v to_o sound_v a_o retreat_n than_o do_v hannibal_n lead_v on_o his_o soldier_n well_o refresh_v and_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n 26._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a general_n when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n defend_v at_o athmos_n the_o peloponnesus_n with_o a_o fortification_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o disturb_v the_o enemy_n all_o night_n by_o a_o few_o light_a arm_a soldier_n and_o afterward_o by_o break_n of_o day_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o man_n when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v retreat_v and_o sudden_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n which_o he_o keep_v quiet_a he_o break_v through_o their_o fortification_n naked_a of_o defendant_n 27._o hannibal_n have_v draw_v up_o his_o army_n at_o the_o town_n of_o cannae_n command_v six_o hundred_o numidian_a horseman_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o for_o a_o great_a assurance_n to_o they_o deliver_v to_o they_o their_o sword_n and_o buckler_n fall_v back_o into_o the_o last_o rank_n but_o when_o the_o battle_n be_v first_o begin_v they_o draw_v their_o short_a sword_n which_o they_o have_v conceal_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o take_v up_o the_o buckler_n of_o the_o slay_v they_o fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o destroy_v they_o 28._o japyges_n a_o people_n of_o calabria_n when_o p._n licinius_n be_v proconful_n deliver_v up_o their_o town_n as_o if_o they_o have_v yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o roman_n but_o be_v receive_v and_o place_v in_o the_o hindermost_a rank_n they_o fall_v upon_o their_o back_n 29._o scipio_n africanus_n have_v against_o he_o two_o camp_n of_o enemy_n one_o command_v by_o syphax_n the_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n resolve_v to_o assault_n syphax_n camp_n in_o the_o night_n and_o to_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n for_o there_o be_v there_o much_o combustible_a matter_n that_o he_o may_v from_o his_o own_o camp_n cut_v off_o the_o numidian_n in_o the_o hurly-bur_o and_o because_o he_o know_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n will_v adventure_v to_o go_v out_o to_o succour_v their_o companion_n he_o lay_v a_o ambush_n to_o receive_v they_o all_o this_o fall_v out_o according_a to_o his_o expectation_n and_o desire_n 30._o mithridates_n have_v be_v often_o overcome_v by_o the_o valour_n of_o lucullus_n assault_v he_o in_o a_o ambuscado_n when_o he_o have_v corrupt_v and_o persuade_v a_o certain_a man_n of_o great_a strength_n name_v adathas_n to_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n this_o traitor_n promise_v and_o engage_v his_o faith_n to_o the_o roman_n that_o he_o may_v perform_v his_o intend_a wickedness_n which_o he_o stout_o endeavour_v but_o in_o vain_a for_o be_v admit_v by_o lucullus_n into_o the_o number_n of_o his_o horseman_n he_o be_v secret_o watch_v because_o they_o do_v not_o give_v sudden_o credit_v to_o a_o runaway_n neither_o be_v it_o fit_a to_o discourage_v other_o from_o come_v over_o to_o they_o afterward_o in_o many_o sally_n and_o encounter_n have_v do_v good_a service_n he_o get_v himself_o into_o credit_n he_o choose_v a_o time_n when_o the_o principes_fw-la be_v send_v away_o and_o they_o be_v retire_v to_o the_o innermost_a room_n of_o the_o general_n be_v quarter_n and_o all_o be_v quiet_a in_o the_o camp_n a_o accident_n favour_v lucullus_n for_o he_o find_v he_o at_o that_o time_n depart_v to_o his_o rest_n weary_a with_o his_o evening_n care_n and_o employment_n have_v entertain_v company_n very_o late_o when_o therefore_o he_o offer_v to_o go_v in_o as_o if_o he_o will_v reveal_v some_o sudden_a and_o important_a matter_n he_o be_v resolute_o keep_v out_o by_o the_o servant_n who_o be_v mindful_a of_o their_o lord_n health_n and_o repose_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o doubt_v that_o he_o be_v suspect_v he_o therefore_o take_v horse_n which_o he_o have_v ready_a before_o the_o gate_n and_o return_v without_o effect_v any_o thing_n to_o mithridates_n 31._o when_o sertorius_n in_o spain_n near_o the_o town_n of_o lauro_n have_v his_o camp_n adjoin_v to_o the_o camp_n of_o pompey_n and_o that_o there_o be_v but_o two_o country_n only_o there_o able_a to_o furnish_v they_o with_o fodder_n one_o near_o the_o other_o at_o a_o distance_n he_o cause_v his_o soldier_n light_o arm_v frequent_o to_o visit_v that_o country_n that_o be_v near_a but_o forbid_v they_o so_o much_o as_o to_o enter_v into_o that_o which_o be_v at_o a_o distance_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o make_v his_o enemy_n believe_v that_o the_o far_a country_n be_v the_o safe_a which_o when_o the_o soldier_n of_o pompey_n go_v to_o visit_v he_o send_v octavius_n graecimus_n with_o ten_o company_n arm_v in_o the_o roman_a manner_n and_o ten_o other_o company_n of_o spaniard_n light_o arm_v with_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n at_o the_o head_n of_o two_o thousand_o horse_n to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n for_o the_o forager_n they_o punctual_o and_o courageous_o perform_v their_o order_n for_o have_v well_o understand_v the_o country_n they_o hide_v these_o force_n in_o a_o
cause_v curio_n the_o roman_a general_n to_o rejoice_v when_o he_o make_v as_o if_o he_o will_v return_v into_o his_o own_o country_n curio_n be_v deceive_v by_o that_o vain_a confidence_n pursue_v after_o sabora_n the_o king_n commander_n so_o far_o that_o he_o come_v into_o open_a field_n where_o he_o be_v beset_v with_o the_o numidian_a cavalry_n lose_v his_o army_n and_o his_o life_n also_o 41._o melanthus_n the_o athenian_a captain_n when_o he_o be_v challenge_v by_o xanthus_n the_o boeotian_n the_o enemy_n king_n and_o come_v to_o fight_v he_o in_o a_o duel_n assoon_o as_o he_o draw_v near_o cry_v to_o he_o thou_o do_v base_o xanthus_n and_o against_o our_o agreement_n for_o thou_o be_v come_v follow_v by_o a_o second_o to_o encounter_v with_o one_o single_a man_n when_o he_o begin_v to_o wonder_v and_o look_v back_o who_o it_o be_v accompany_v he_o he_o run_v he_o in_o behind_o and_o kill_v he_o 42._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n understand_v at_o the_o chersonesus_n of_o greece_n that_o anaxibius_n the_o lacedaemonian_a commander_n lead_v a_o army_n by_o land_n take_v out_o of_o his_o ship_n a_o very_a strong_a party_n of_o soldier_n and_o lay_v they_o in_o ambush_n but_o all_o the_o ship_n he_o cause_v to_o sail_v away_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v load_v with_o soldier_n and_o when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v secure_a and_o never_o dream_v of_o a_o assault_n in_o their_o march_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o rout_v they_o 43._o when_o the_o liburni_n a_o people_n of_o dalmatia_n besiege_v certain_a marish_a and_o shelvy_a place_n by_o the_o sea_n they_o discover_v only_o their_o head_n and_o make_v the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v the_o wide_a sea_n by_o that_o mean_v they_o take_v a_o galley_n that_o in_o pursuit_n of_o they_o stick_v fast_o in_o the_o quicksand_n or_o bank_n 44._o alcibiades_z the_o athenian_a commander_n in_o the_o heilespont_n against_o numidarus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n have_v a_o numerous_a army_n and_o many_o ship_n land_v a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n in_o the_o night_n and_o some_o of_o his_o ship_n he_o cause_v to_o lie_v conceal_v behind_o a_o certain_a promontory_n or_o high-land_n whilst_o he_o with_o a_o few_o only_a fit_a to_o provoke_v the_o enemy_n contempt_n flee_v before_o they_o till_o he_o have_v bring_v they_o into_o the_o snare_n he_o than_o force_v they_o to_o fly_v and_o to_o save_v themselves_o on_o land_n but_o as_o they_o go_v on_o shore_n he_o cut_v they_o off_o by_o that_o party_n that_o he_o have_v land_v on_o purpose_n 45._o the_o same_o alcibiades_n be_v ready_a to_o fight_v a_o battle_n at_o sea_n fix_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o mast_n in_o a_o high-land_n that_o advance_v into_o the_o water_n command_v those_o who_o be_v there_o to_o keep_v guard_n that_o assoon_o as_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v they_o shall_v hang_v out_o their_o sail_n by_o this_o mean_v it_o happen_v that_o the_o enemy_n imagine_v that_o there_o be_v another_o fleet_n come_v to_o his_o assistance_n flee_v away_o 46._o memnon_n of_o rhodes_n have_v in_o his_o fleet_n two_o hundred_o ship_n ready_a for_o a_o sea-fight_n and_o desirous_a to_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o battle_n command_v that_o but_o a_o few_o of_o his_o vessel_n shall_v have_v their_o mast_n up_o and_o that_o they_o shall_v sail_v before_o when_o therefore_o the_o enemy_n see_v the_o number_n of_o the_o mast_n and_o by_o they_o judge_v of_o the_o number_n of_o the_o ship_n they_o bold_o come_v out_o to_o fight_v but_o be_v easy_o overpower_a by_o the_o great_a number_n of_o vessel_n 47._o when_o timotheus_n the_o athenian_a general_n be_v to_o fight_v at_o sea_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o that_o their_o fleet_n come_v forward_o well_o provide_v for_o the_o encounter_n he_o send_v twenty_o of_o his_o nimble_a ship_n which_o by_o all_o mean_n shall_v sail_v here_o and_o there_o and_o weary_a the_o enemy_n in_o the_o pursuit_n which_o assoon_o as_o he_o perceive_v be_v effect_v and_o that_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v heavy_a he_o then_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o easy_o overcome_v such_o as_o be_v out_o of_o order_n and_o weary_v out_o chap._n vi_o of_o give_v the_o enemy_n liberty_n to_o escape_v lest_o he_o shall_v out_o of_o despair_n renew_v the_o fight_n example_n 1._o when_o the_o gaul_n after_o that_o battle_n which_o be_v give_v when_o camillus_n be_v general_n desire_a boat_n and_o vessel_n to_o pass_v over_o the_o tiber_n the_o senate_n give_v order_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o boat_n and_o provision_n for_o their_o journey_n and_o when_o some_o of_o the_o same_o people_n flee_v through_o the_o country_n pomptinus_n there_o be_v a_o way_n allow_v they_o which_o be_v now_o call_v gallica_n 2._o l._n martius_n the_o roman_a knight_n who_o the_o army_n make_v general_n after_o the_o two_o scipio_n be_v kill_v surprise_v and_o overcome_v the_o carthaginian_n but_o lest_o they_o shall_v fight_v more_o fierce_o out_o of_o despair_n he_o cause_v his_o rank_n to_o be_v open_v and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o escape_v and_o when_o they_o be_v scatter_v and_o flee_v he_o destroy_v they_o behind_o without_o any_o damage_n or_o hazard_v to_o his_o army_n 3._o when_o c._n caesar_n have_v shut_v in_o the_o german_n and_o that_o they_o do_v fight_v more_o stout_o he_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v and_o in_o the_o flight_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o with_o more_o advantage_n 4._o hannibal_n at_o the_o lake_n thrasymenus_n enclose_v in_o a_o party_n of_o roman_n who_o resist_v he_o most_o desperate_o he_o therefore_o open_v they_o a_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o as_o they_o be_v fly_v he_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n without_o any_o damage_n to_o his_o men._n 5._o antigonus_n king_n of_o macedonia_n besiege_v a_o party_n of_o aetolian_n and_o bring_v they_o to_o so_o great_a a_o famine_n that_o they_o resolve_v to_o sally_v out_o and_o die_v valiant_o he_o therefore_o give_v they_o a_o way_n and_o opportunity_n to_o fly_v away_o by_o that_o mean_n have_v disappoint_v their_o impetuous_a resolution_n he_o follow_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o destroy_v they_o 6._o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a fight_v in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o theban_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o enemy_n be_v shut_v up_o by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n fight_v out_o of_o despair_n more_o furious_o open_v the_o rank_n of_o his_o army_n and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v but_o after_o he_o pursue_v they_o fall_v in_o upon_o their_o rear_n and_o rout_v they_o 7._o cn._n manlius_n the_o consul_n return_v from_o the_o fight_n find_v that_o the_o roman_a camp_n be_v take_v by_o the_o etrurians_n he_o order_v therefore_o all_o the_o gate_n to_o be_v so_o well_o guard_v that_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o be_v shut_v in_o be_v so_o furious_o exasperate_v that_o they_o kill_v he_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n which_o when_o his_o lieutenant_n take_v notice_n of_o they_o cause_v on_o one_o side_n the_o guard_n to_o be_v withdraw_v and_o a_o passage_n for_o the_o etrurians_n to_o escape_v but_o they_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o their_o retreat_n and_o by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o other_o consul_n they_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 8._o themistocles_n when_o xerxes_n be_v overthrow_v hinder_v the_o grecian_n from_o break_v the_o bridge_n as_o they_o have_v resolve_v because_o it_o be_v more_o wisdom_n to_o expel_v and_o shut_v he_o out_o of_o europe_n than_o to_o force_v he_o out_o of_o despair_n to_o fight_v he_o therefore_o send_v a_o messenger_n to_o he_o to_o advise_v he_o in_o what_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o unless_o he_o make_v more_o speed_n to_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n 9_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n have_v take_v a_o certain_a city_n and_o find_v by_o the_o shut_n of_o the_o gate_n that_o he_o have_v reduce_v such_o as_o be_v within_o to_o such_o despair_n that_o they_o do_v fight_v the_o more_o desperate_o he_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o depart_v 10._o the_o same_o pyrrhus_n among_o the_o other_o direction_n give_v to_o a_o general_n in_o his_o book_n he_o recommend_v this_o that_o we_o must_v nor_o press_v nor_o pursue_v after_o a_o enemy_n that_o be_v in_o flight_n too_o unmerciful_o first_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v drive_v out_o of_o necessity_n to_o resist_v and_o stop_v a_o victorious_a course_n second_o that_o thereby_o we_o may_v oblige_v a_o enemy_n at_o another_o time_n to_o yield_v the_o day_n the_o soon_o and_o at_o a_o easy_a rate_n when_o he_o shall_v consider_v that_o the_o conqueror_n will_v not_o pursue_v too_o eager_o after_o the_o live_v of_o such_o as_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v chap._n vii_o how_o to_o dissemble_v ill_a success_n example_n 1._o tvllius_fw-la hostilius_n king_n of_o the_o roman_n
be_v engage_v in_o a_o fight_n against_o the_o vejente_n when_o the_o albani_n forsake_v the_o roman_a army_n and_o withdraw_v to_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v much_o discourage_v he_o cry_v out_o to_o his_o soldier_n that_o the_o albani_n be_v depart_v by_o his_o command_n to_o encompass_v the_o enemy_n about_o which_o policy_n terrify_v the_o vejente_n encourage_v the_o roman_n and_o when_o the_o victory_n be_v almost_o lose_v he_o recover_v it_o by_o this_o cunning_a lye_n 2._o when_o l._n sylla_n be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o that_o a_o chief_a commander_n of_o his_o army_n withdraw_v to_o the_o enemy_n with_o a_o considerable_a party_n of_o horse_n declare_v to_o his_o soldier_n that_o what_o be_v do_v be_v by_o his_o order_n in_o so_o say_v the_o prevent_v the_o wonder_n and_o trouble_v of_o his_o man_n and_o fill_v they_o with_o hope_n of_o some_o benefit_n that_o will_v follow_v that_o contrivance_n and_o policy_n 3._o the_o same_o sylla_n when_o his_o auxiliary_a troop_n which_o be_v send_v by_o he_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o overthrow_v fear_v that_o this_o loss_n will_v terrify_v his_o whole_a army_n he_o declare_v to_o they_o that_o these_o auxiliary_n who_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o forsake_v he_o be_v by_o he_o bring_v in_o a_o difficult_a place_n purposely_o to_o punish_v they_o thus_o with_o a_o pretence_n of_o revenge_n he_o cover_v and_o conceal_v a_o apparent_a loss_n and_o confirm_v and_o satisfy_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o other_o soldier_n by_o this_o persuasion_n 4._o scipio_n when_o the_o ambassador_n of_o syphax_n come_v to_o he_o with_o this_o message_n from_o their_o king_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o out_o of_o confidence_n upon_o his_o assistance_n and_o confederacy_n pass_v over_o from_o sicily_n into_o africa_n fear_v lest_o his_o soldier_n shall_v be_v discourage_v by_o the_o denial_n of_o this_o foreign_a help_n send_v hasty_o the_o ambassador_n away_o and_o spread_v abroad_o the_o rumour_n that_o syphax_n of_o his_o own_o accord_n have_v send_v for_o he_o over_o 5._o q._n sertorius_n when_o he_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o fight_n kill_v a_o soldier_n with_o his_o sword_n that_o come_v to_o he_o with_o the_o news_n that_o herculeius_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v slay_v that_o he_o may_v not_o give_v notice_n of_o that_o loss_n to_o other_o and_o discourage_v his_o man_n that_o be_v yet_o fight_v 6._o alcibiades_z the_o athenian_a general_n when_o he_o be_v beset_v in_o a_o fight_n by_o the_o abydeni_fw-la and_o on_o a_o sudden_a see_v a_o messenger_n run_v to_o he_o with_o sad_a news_n forbid_v he_o to_o deliver_v his_o message_n open_o afterward_o be_v private_o question_v by_o pharnabazus_n the_o king_n viceroy_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o his_o fleet_n be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n which_o conceal_v from_o both_o enemy_n and_o his_o soldier_n he_o end_v the_o battle_n and_o immediate_o after_o have_v his_o army_n to_o free_v the_o fleet_n from_o danger_n and_o relieve_v his_o man_n in_o distress_n 7._o when_o hannibal_n be_v come_v into_o italy_n three_o thousand_o of_o the_o carpetani_n a_o people_n of_o spain_n forsake_v his_o army_n and_o that_o the_o rest_n may_v not_o follow_v their_o bad_a example_n he_o publish_v immediate_o abroad_o that_o he_o have_v send_v they_o away_o and_o to_o verify_v this_o say_v he_o dispatch_v away_o a_o few_o home_n to_o their_o house_n who_o be_v of_o no_o great_a use_n in_o his_o army_n 8._o l._n lucullus_n see_v the_o macedonian_a cavalry_n who_o be_v come_v to_o his_o assistance_n on_o a_o sudden_a to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o enemy_n command_v the_o trumpet_n to_o sound_v a_o charge_n and_o send_v troop_n to_o follow_v and_o second_v they_o they_o think_v that_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v let_v fly_v their_o dart_n at_o the_o cowardly_a macedonian_n who_o see_v that_o they_o can_v not_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o their_o own_o party_n follow_v they_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n be_v necessitate_v in_o good_a order_n to_o turn_v and_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n 9_o dutames_n the_o persian_a general_n against_o autophradates_n in_o cappadocia_n find_v that_o some_o of_o his_o cavalry_n be_v ready_a to_o depart_v to_o the_o enemy_n command_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o accompany_v he_o and_o follow_v the_o runaway_n who_o when_o he_o have_v overtake_v he_o praise_v they_o high_o because_o they_o have_v go_v before_o he_o to_o meet_v the_o enemy_n so_o cheerful_o he_o exhort_v they_o therefore_o to_o assault_v the_o enemy_n with_o courage_n shame_n make_v the_o runaway_n to_o repent_v and_o to_o alter_v their_o purpose_n which_o they_o conceive_v be_v not_o discover_v 10._o t._n quintius_n surname_v capitolinus_n the_o consul_n when_o the_o roman_n be_v retreat_v tell_v they_o that_o in_o the_o other_o wing_n the_o enemy_n be_v flee_v by_o this_o lie_n he_o confirm_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n 11._o cn._n manlius_n fight_v against_o the_o hetrusci_n when_o his_o partner_n fabius_n be_v wound_v in_o the_o left_a wing_n which_o he_o command_v and_o that_o some_o of_o the_o army_n retreat_v because_o they_o think_v that_o the_o conful_n have_v be_v kill_v meet_v they_o with_o a_o party_n of_o horse_n and_o call_v out_o to_o they_o that_o his_o partner_n be_v yet_o alive_a and_o that_o in_o the_o other_o wing_n he_o have_v beat_v the_o enemy_n by_o this_o constancy_n he_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n and_o obtain_v the_o victory_n 12._o when_o marius_n march_v against_o the_o cimbri_n and_o teutoni_n and_o that_o the_o officer_n of_o his_o army_n who_o be_v appoint_v to_o choose_v a_o place_n for_o his_o camp_n have_v pitch_v upon_o such_o a_o place_n through_o indiscretion_n that_o all_o their_o water_n be_v in_o the_o enemy_n power_n and_o that_o his_o army_n want_v and_o ask_v for_o water_n he_o show_v to_o they_o the_o enemy_n army_n with_o his_o finger_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o must_v fetch_v it_o from_o the_o enemy_n camp_n by_o which_o intimation_n he_o persuade_v his_o man_n to_o drive_v they_o immediate_o from_o thence_o 13._o t._n labienus_n after_o the_o battle_n of_o pharsalia_n when_o pompey_n party_n be_v overcome_v and_o he_o flee_v to_o dyrrhachium_n relate_v the_o truth_n with_o many_o lie_v he_o confess_v the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o battle_n but_o affirm_v the_o loss_n to_o be_v equal_a on_o both_o side_n by_o a_o desperate_a wound_n that_o caesar_n have_v receive_v by_o this_o invention_n he_o confirm_v such_o as_o remain_v of_o pompey_n side_n and_o make_v they_o more_o bold_a 14._o when_o m._n cato_n unadvised_o land_v at_o ambracia_n in_o a_o little_a boat_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o ship_n of_o his_o confederate_n be_v assault_v by_o the_o aetolian_n though_o he_o have_v no_o force_n with_o he_o yet_o he_o begin_v to_o make_v sign_n by_o his_o voice_n and_o gesture_n by_o which_o he_o do_v seem_v to_o call_v and_o command_v some_o of_o his_o ship_n to_o follow_v he_o by_o this_o invention_n he_o strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o enemy_n as_o if_o they_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n and_o in_o sight_n the_o aetolian_n therefore_o forsake_v the_o asfault_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v overpower_a by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o roman_a fleet._n chap._n x._o of_o restore_v and_o renew_v a_o fight_n by_o constancy_n and_o courage_n example_n 1._o when_o servius_n tullius_n be_v a_o youth_n in_o that_o battle_n in_o which_o king_n tarqvinius_n encounter_v with_o the_o sabine_n perceive_v the_o ensign-bearer_n behave_v themselves_o slothful_o and_o cowardly_o he_o snatch_v the_o colour_n and_o cast_v it_o among_o the_o enemy_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o which_o they_o fight_v so_o fierce_o that_o with_o their_o colour_n they_o get_v the_o victory_n 2._o furius_n agrippa_n the_o consul_n when_o his_o wing_n begin_v to_o fall_v back_o take_v the_o colour_n from_o a_o ensign_n and_o cast_v it_o among_o his_o enemy_n the_o hernici_n and_o the_o aequi_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o restore_v the_o fight_n again_o for_o the_o roman_n fall_v on_o very_o cheerful_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o colour_n 3._o t._n quintius_n surname_v capitolinus_n the_o consul_n cast_v a_o colour_n among_o the_o enemy_n the_o falisci_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o recover_v it_o again_o 4._o m._n furius_n camillus_n a_o tribune_n of_o the_o soldier_n elect_v in_o the_o place_n of_o consul_n when_o his_o army_n stand_v still_o in_o the_o face_n of_o the_o enemy_n catch_v a_o colour_n from_o a_o ensign_n and_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n the_o volsci_n and_o the_o latin_n and_o make_v all_o the_o rest_n to_o follow_v for_o shame_n 5._o salvius_n pelignus_n practise_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o persian_a
war._n 6._o q._n furius_n when_o his_o army_n flee_v meet_v they_o and_o protest_v that_o he_o will_v receive_v none_o of_o they_o into_o his_o camp_n unless_o they_o return_v with_o victory_n he_o lead_v they_o therefore_o back_o and_o overthrow_v the_o enemy_n 7._o scipio_n at_o the_o city_n numantia_n in_o spain_n when_o he_o see_v his_o army_n retreat_v declare_v to_o they_o that_o he_o will_v treat_v they_o as_o enemy_n whosoever_o do_v return_v back_o into_o the_o camp_n 8._o servilius_z priscus_n the_o dictator_n when_o he_o command_v the_o colour_n to_o advance_v against_o the_o enemy_n the_o falisci_n and_o that_o a_o ensign_n delay_v to_o obey_v he_o he_o command_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v this_o example_n so_o affright_v his_o soldier_n that_o they_o assault_v the_o enemy_n courageous_o 9_o cossus_n cornelius_n master_n of_o the_o horse_n against_o the_o fidenates_n show_v the_o same_o example_n 10._o tarqvinius_n in_o the_o battle_n against_o the_o sabine_n when_o the_o horseman_n be_v loath_a to_o fall_v on_o take_v from_o they_o their_o bridle_n and_o command_v they_o to_o prick_v on_o their_o horse_n and_o to_o break_v through_o the_o enemy_n 11._o m._n attilius_n the_o consul_n in_o the_o samnitick_a war_n when_o part_n of_o his_o army_n flee_v back_o to_o his_o camp_n march_v against_o they_o with_o another_o party_n tell_v they_o that_o they_o must_v either_o fight_v with_o he_o and_o their_o good_a citizen_n unless_o they_o will_v return_v against_o the_o enemy_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o lead_v they_o all_o back_n into_o the_o fight_n 12._o l._n sylla_n when_o the_o legion_n begin_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o army_n of_o mithridates_n lead_v by_o archelaus_n he_o draw_v his_o sword_n and_o run_v into_o the_o first_o battalion_n and_o call_v to_o his_o soldier_n tell_v they_o if_o any_o inquire_v where_o they_o have_v leave_v their_o general_n they_o may_v answer_v fight_v in_o boeotia_n this_o make_v they_o so_o much_o ashamed_a that_o they_o all_o follow_v he_o 13._o when_o julius_n caesar_n see_v his_o man_n give_v back_o at_o munida_n he_o cause_v his_o horse_n to_o be_v lead_v out_o of_o his_o sight_n and_o cast_v himself_o on_o foot_n into_o the_o first_o battalion_n the_o soldier_n be_v ashamed_a to_o forsake_v their_o general_n return_v to_o the_o fight_n again_o 14._o king_n philip_n be_v afraid_a that_o his_o man_n will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v the_o fury_n of_o the_o scythian_n he_o place_v therefore_o behind_o they_o his_o most_o trusty_a horseman_n command_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o suffer_v any_o of_o their_o fellow-soldier_n to_o return_v out_o of_o the_o battle_n and_o that_o if_o any_o be_v resolve_v to_o fly_v they_o shall_v kill_v they_o by_o this_o threaten_n he_o make_v the_o most_o timorous_a to_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o enemy_n than_o by_o their_o own_o man_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n chap._n ix_o of_o the_o prosecute_a the_o remain_a part_n of_o a_o war_n if_o all_o thing_n succeed_v example_n 1._o when_o c._n marius_n have_v overcome_v in_o a_o battle_n the_o teutoni_n a_o people_n of_o germany_n he_o encompass_v about_o the_o rest_n the_o next_o night_n that_o follow_v the_o fight_n and_o cause_v a_o few_o of_o his_o army_n to_o fright_v they_o with_o continual_a noise_n that_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v wake_v all_o night_n by_o that_o mean_n the_o next_o morning_n they_o be_v tire_v with_o watch_v be_v more_o easy_o bring_v to_o yield_v to_o he_o 2._o when_o claudius_n nero_n have_v overpower_v the_o carthaginian_a army_n which_o hasdrubal_n lead_v out_o of_o spain_n into_o italy_n he_o cast_v the_o head_n of_o hasdrubal_n into_o hannibal_n camp_n by_o which_o action_n he_o sore_o afflict_a and_o discourage_v he_o with_o the_o assurance_n of_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o brother_n asdrubal_n who_o be_v slay_v and_o with_o the_o despair_n of_o assistance_n from_o the_o approach_a army_n 3._o l._n sylla_n show_v open_o upon_o pike_n to_o they_o of_o the_o city_n praeneste_n who_o be_v there_o besiege_v the_o head_n of_o the_o captain_n that_o be_v slay_v in_o fight_n that_o he_o may_v overcome_v the_o stiffness_n of_o the_o obstinate_a inhabitant_n 4._o in_o the_o like_a manner_n arminius_n the_o commander_n of_o the_o german_n cause_v the_o head_n of_o they_o who_o he_o have_v kill_v in_o fight_n to_o be_v hold_v up_o and_o show_v near_o the_o enemy_n camp_n 5._o domitius_n corbulo_n besiege_v tigranocerta_n perceive_v that_o the_o armenian_n be_v likely_a to_o bear_v the_o siege_n a_o while_n he_o therefore_o take_v a_o certain_a man_n of_o megistae_n in_o lycia_n punish_v he_o with_o death_n and_o shoot_v his_o head_n with_o a_o roman_a engine_n into_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n the_o head_n by_o chance_n fall_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o their_o common-council_n which_o be_v then_o meet_v together_o at_o the_o sight_n of_o which_o they_o be_v so_o affright_v that_o they_o immediate_o surrender_v themselves_o 6._o hermocrates_n of_o syracuse_n have_v overcome_v in_o battle_n the_o athenian_n be_v jealous_a that_o the_o great_a number_n of_o prisoner_n that_o he_o have_v take_v will_v not_o be_v well_o guard_v because_o the_o success_n of_o the_o fight_n be_v like_a to_o oblige_v the_o conqueror_n to_o give_v themselves_o over_o to_o feast_v and_o security_n he_o therefore_o spread_v abroad_o the_o rumour_n that_o the_o next_o night_n the_o enemy_n cavalry_n will_v come_v upon_o they_o which_o report_n make_v the_o guard_n to_o be_v keep_v with_o more_o diligence_n 7._o the_o same_o general_n have_v have_v good_a success_n in_o war_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n because_o his_o soldier_n begin_v to_o be_v too_o secure_a and_o to_o give_v themselves_o over_o to_o sleep_v and_o wine_n he_o appoint_v a_o runaway_n to_o come_v into_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v escape_v thither_o by_o flight_n to_o admonish_v they_o that_o there_o be_v ambush_n lay_v for_o they_o in_o every_o place_n by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o syracuse_n the_o fear_n of_o they_o bring_v his_o army_n to_o a_o condition_n of_o fight_v so_o that_o when_o they_o come_v to_o assault_v he_o in_o his_o camp_n they_o be_v drive_v into_o the_o ditehe_n and_o be_v overpower_v chap._n x._o of_o remedy_v ill_a success_n when_o thing_n happen_v contrary_a example_n 1._o tdidius_n have_v have_v a_o very_a fierce_a battle_n in_o spain_n which_o end_v by_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o night_n and_o be_v remarkable_a for_o the_o great_a number_n of_o soldier_n slay_v on_o both_o side_n cause_v many_o of_o the_o dead_a body_n of_o his_o man_n to_o be_v bury_v in_o the_o dark_a night_n so_o that_o the_o next_o day_n when_o the_o spaniard_n who_o go_v to_o perform_v the_o same_o office_n to_o their_o dead_a soldier_n because_o they_o find_v a_o great_a number_n of_o their_o people_n slay_v than_o of_o the_o roman_n conclude_v from_o thence_o that_o they_o be_v overcome_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o article_n of_o the_o roman_a general_n 2._o t._n martius_n a_o roman_a knight_n who_o command_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n of_o the_o two_o scipio_n who_o be_v slay_v have_v near_o he_o at_o a_o few_o miles_n distance_n two_o camp_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o assault_v in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n the_o next_o camp_n he_o find_v they_o out_o of_o order_n and_o secure_a because_o of_o their_o former_a victory_n so_o that_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o that_o condition_n he_o leave_v none_o alive_a to_o tell_v their_o woeful_a destruction_n and_o slaughter_n and_o the_o same_o night_n have_v give_v a_o little_a time_n to_o his_o soldier_n to_o rest_n he_o prevent_v the_o report_n of_o the_o execution_n and_o assault_v the_o other_o camp_n so_o that_o he_o have_v twice_o the_o same_o success_n and_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v destroy_v every_o where_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o restore_v to_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n the_o country_n of_o spain_n which_o they_o have_v lose_v chap._n xi_o of_o preserve_v such_o as_o be_v waver_v in_o their_o obedience_n and_o fidelity_n example_n 1._o when_o p._n valerius_n be_v afraid_a of_o the_o perfidiousness_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o epidaurus_n because_o he_o have_v but_o small_a force_n with_o he_o provide_v at_o a_o distance_n from_o the_o town_n some_o gymnick_a play_n and_o when_o almost_o all_o the_o city_n go_v out_o to_o see_v they_o he_o shut_v the_o gate_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o citizen_n to_o return_v in_o again_o till_o they_o have_v deliver_v some_o of_o their_o principal_a man_n as_o hostage_n 2._o cn._n pompeius_n have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o the_o catinienses_n and_o fear_v that_o they_o will_v not_o admit_v his_o guard_n within_o their_o wall_n entreat_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n to_o receive_v his_o sick_a man_n
and_o suffer_v they_o to_o refresh_v themselves_o among_o they_o which_o be_v grant_v he_o send_v the_o stout_a of_o his_o soldier_n in_o the_o habit_n and_o garb_n of_o sick_a man_n and_o with_o they_o take_v the_o city_n and_o keep_v it_o for_o his_o use_n 3._o when_o alexander_n have_v overcome_v and_o conquer_v thracia_n and_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n because_o he_o fear_v that_o after_o his_o departure_n they_o will_v take_v up_o arm_n against_o he_o he_o take_v with_o he_o with_o a_o honourable_a pretence_n their_o king_n their_o governor_n and_o all_o such_o as_o do_v seem_v to_o be_v concern_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o liberty_n that_o they_o have_v lose_v he_o leave_v behind_o the_o common_a people_n and_o appoint_v they_o governor_n out_o of_o the_o mean_a of_o they_o by_o this_o mean_n he_o oblige_v their_o prince_n by_o many_o good_a deed_n so_o that_o they_o will_v not_o rebel_v against_o he_o and_o for_o the_o common_a people_n they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v he_o mischief_n when_o they_o be_v deprive_v of_o the_o assistance_n of_o their_o prince_n 4._o when_o antipater_n see_v the_o first_o army_n of_o they_o of_o nestos_n which_o upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o death_n of_o alexander_n be_v gather_v together_o to_o disturb_v his_o government_n he_o pretend_v that_o he_o know_v not_o the_o intent_n of_o their_o come_n but_o give_v they_o thanks_o because_o he_o suppose_v that_o they_o design_v to_o assist_v alexander_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o will_v give_v the_o king_n a_o account_n by_o letter_n of_o their_o readiness_n to_o serve_v he_o but_o because_o he_o have_v then_o no_o need_n of_o their_o help_n he_o advise_v they_o to_o depart_v home_o to_o their_o house_n by_o this_o subtle_a speech_n he_o deliver_v himself_o from_o the_o danger_n of_o a_o rebellion_n that_o threaten_v he_o 5._o scipio_n africanus_n be_v in_o spain_n have_v a_o prisoner_n among_o the_o rest_n a_o noble_a lady_n and_o a_o virgin_n of_o a_o rare_a beauty_n bring_v to_o he_o which_o ravish_v the_o eye_n of_o all_o that_o behold_v she_o he_o cause_v she_o to_o be_v very_o well_o guard_v and_o to_o be_v deliver_v to_o her_o spouse_n name_v luceius_n and_o beside_o he_o give_v the_o gold_n that_o her_o parent_n bring_v to_o he_o for_o her_o ransom_n to_o her_o belove_a as_o a_o addition_n to_o her_o dowry_n by_o which_o several_a expression_n of_o his_o bounty_n the_o whole_a nation_n be_v overcome_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o roman_a empire_n 6._o it_o be_v also_o report_v of_o alexander_n the_o great_a that_o he_o very_o careful_o preserve_v a_o captive_n virgin_n of_o a_o rare_a beauty_n which_o have_v be_v espouse_v to_o a_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o will_v not_o so_o much_o as_o see_v she_o but_o send_v she_o to_o her_o husband_n and_o by_o this_o good_a deed_n he_o get_v the_o favour_n and_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n 7._o when_o the_o emperor_n caesar_n augustus_n surname_v germanicus_n in_o that_o war_n in_o which_o he_o overcome_v the_o enemy_n and_o purchase_v to_o himself_o the_o name_n of_o germanicus_n be_v in_o the_o border_n of_o they_o of_o collen_n and_o build_v certain_a castle_n command_v that_o the_o value_n and_o price_n of_o the_o fruit_n of_o those_o place_n which_o he_o enclose_v within_o his_o fortification_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o right_a owner_n by_o the_o report_n of_o his_o equity_n and_o just_a deal_n he_o oblige_v and_o confirm_v all_o that_o country_n in_o their_o obedience_n chap._n xii_o what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o a_o camp_n if_o we_o have_v not_o sufficient_a confidence_n in_o the_o present_a force_n example_n 1._o t._n quintius_n the_o consul_n when_o the_o volsci_n be_v ready_a to_o assault_v his_o camp_n keep_v only_o a_o company_n upon_o the_o guard_n and_o send_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n to_o sleep_v and_o take_v their_o rest_n only_o the_o trumpeter_n he_o order_v to_o ride_v about_o the_o fortification_n and_o to_o sound_v their_o trumpet_n by_o which_o appearance_n and_o dissimulation_n he_o detain_v and_o keep_v off_o the_o enemy_n all_o night_n and_o the_o next_o morning_n when_o they_o be_v weary_a with_o watch_v he_o sudden_o sally_v out_o and_o easy_o overcome_v they_o 2._o q._n sertorius_n in_o spain_n be_v too_o weak_a for_o the_o enemy_n cavalry_n which_o be_v wont_a to_o ride_v up_o to_o the_o side_n of_o his_o camp_n cause_v in_o the_o night_n holes_n to_o be_v dig_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n before_o they_o at_o last_o when_o the_o troop_n of_o horse_n return_v according_a to_o their_o former_a custom_n he_o tell_v his_o man_n that_o he_o have_v find_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v prepare_v a_o ambush_n for_o they_o and_o therefore_o they_o shall_v not_o depart_v from_o their_o colour_n nor_o forsake_v their_o rank_n which_o be_v observe_v according_a to_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n he_o fall_v by_o chance_n into_o the_o true_a ambush_n which_o because_o he_o have_v foretell_v his_o soldier_n they_o be_v the_o more_o courageous_a 3._o chare_n the_o athenian_a general_n expect_v some_o recruit_n but_o be_v afraid_a that_o the_o enemy_n in_o contempt_n of_o his_o slender_a force_n will_v in_o the_o mean_a while_n assault_v his_o camp_n he_o therefore_o send_v a_o great_a many_o of_o the_o soldier_n that_o he_o have_v with_o he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o his_o camp_n away_o in_o the_o night_n and_o command_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v return_v to_o he_o again_o in_o the_o most_o visible_a manner_n to_o his_o enemy_n and_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o recruit_n and_o fresh_a succour_n by_o this_o appearance_n of_o recruit_n he_o keep_v off_o the_o enemy_n until_o he_o be_v real_o relieve_v according_a to_o his_o expectation_n 4._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a have_v his_o camp_n in_o plain_a field_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o thracian_n intend_v to_o invade_v and_o plunder_v his_o camp_n and_o that_o they_o will_v come_v down_o the_o hill_n by_o one_o way_n that_o lead_v from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n he_o private_o lead_v his_o army_n and_o place_v they_o on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n through_o which_o the_o thracian_n be_v to_o pass_v and_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v run_v down_o to_o the_o camp_n where_o many_o fire_n be_v purposely_o make_v by_o a_o few_o to_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o army_n continue_v there_o he_o assault_v they_o on_o both_o side_n and_o overthrow_v they_o chap._n xiii_o of_o escape_v example_n 1._o when_o the_o gaul_n be_v to_o fight_v with_o attalus_n they_o deliver_v to_o certain_a guard_n all_o their_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o order_v they_o that_o if_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n they_o shall_v scatter_v it_o in_o the_o way_n that_o whilst_o the_o enemy_n be_v busy_a in_o gather_v it_o up_o they_o may_v more_o easy_o escape_v they_o 2._o triphon_n king_n of_o syria_n be_v overcome_v in_o battle_n scatter_v in_o all_o the_o way_n where_o he_o flee_v his_o money_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o detain_v the_o horseman_n of_o antiochus_n that_o pursue_v he_o and_o escape_v from_o they_o 3._o q._n sertorius_n be_v overcome_v by_o q._n metellus_n pius_n and_o force_v to_o a_o retreat_n and_o not_o judge_v his_o flight_n to_o be_v safe_a command_v his_o soldier_n to_o scatter_v and_o depart_v and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o place_n where_o he_o advise_v and_o order_v they_o to_o meet_v all_o again_o together_o 4._o viriatus_n general_n of_o the_o lusitanior_n portugal_n escape_v from_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o out_o of_o a_o difficult_a place_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o sertorius_n by_o scatter_v his_o army_n and_o gather_v it_o again_o together_o 5._o horatius_n cocles_n when_o he_o be_v pursue_v by_o the_o army_n of_o porsenna_n order_v his_o soldier_n to_o return_v into_o the_o city_n over_o the_o bridge_n and_o to_o break_v it_o down_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o follow_v which_o while_o it_o be_v in_o do_v he_o expose_v his_o life_n as_o the_o defender_n of_o his_o city_n to_o keep_v off_o such_o as_o pursue_v after_o he_o and_o when_o he_o have_v hear_v the_o noise_n of_o the_o bridge_n fall_v down_o he_o cast_v himself_o into_o the_o river_n and_o pass_v over_o it_o load_v not_o with_o arm_n but_o with_o wound_n 6._o when_o afranius_n in_o spain_n at_o the_o city_n of_o ilerda_n flee_v from_o caesar_n who_o pursue_v he_o at_o the_o heel_n he_o pitch_v his_o camp_n and_o when_o caesar_n have_v do_v the_o like_a and_o have_v send_v out_o a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n for_o forage_v he_o sudden_o give_v a_o command_n to_o his_o army_n to_o march_v 7._o when_o antonius_n retreat_v with_o his_o army_n which_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o
of_o war_n which_o i_o have_v therefore_o separate_v because_o though_o they_o be_v sufficient_o know_v they_o be_v of_o another_o kind_n and_o i_o have_v here_o mention_v they_o lest_o any_o shall_v meet_v with_o they_o by_o chance_n in_o read_v and_o by_o the_o resemblance_n they_o have_v with_o the_o former_a practice_n shall_v unadvised_o think_v they_o to_o be_v omit_v true_o we_o must_v express_v they_o as_o belong_v to_o the_o former_a thing_n and_o as_o before_o i_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o place_v they_o under_o several_a head_n in_o the_o same_o order_n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o discipline_n of_o war._n chap._n 2._o of_o the_o consequence_n of_o such_o discipline_n chap._n 3._o of_o continency_n chap._n 4._o of_o justice_n chap._n 5._o of_o constancy_n chap._n 6._o of_o affection_n and_o moderation_n chap._n 7._o of_o various_a counsel_n resolution_n and_o advice_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o discipline_n of_o war._n example_n 1._o p._n scipio_n reform_v the_o roman_a army_n spoil_v by_o the_o slothfulness_n of_o their_o former_a general_n by_o send_v away_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o their_o servant_n and_o slave_n and_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n to_o perform_v their_o daily_a exercise_n and_o office_n he_o command_v they_o likewise_o to_o march_v very_o often_o and_o to_o carry_v the_o food_n of_o many_o day_n with_o they_o so_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v the_o soldier_n be_v use_v to_o endure_v the_o cold_a and_o rain_n and_o to_o pass_v on_o foot_n through_o the_o ford_n of_o river_n and_o the_o general_n do_v blame_v and_o exclaim_v against_o timorousness_n and_o sloth_n break_v all_o their_o useless_a vessel_n that_o be_v cumbersome_a in_o their_o expedition_n which_o happen_v very_o remarkable_o to_o c._n mevius_n the_o tribune_n unto_o who_o scipio_n be_v report_v to_o have_v say_v thou_o will_v be_v a_o ill_a man_n to_o i_o for_o a_o little_a while_n but_o to_o thyself_o and_o the_o commonwealth_n always_o 2._o q._n metellus_n in_o the_o war_n against_o jugurtha_n restore_v again_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n which_o be_v likewise_o decay_v by_o imitate_v the_o same_o severity_n and_o forbid_v the_o use_n of_o any_o other_o flesh_n to_o the_o soldier_n but_o what_o be_v by_o himself_o order_v to_o be_v roast_v and_o boil_v 3._o pyrrhus_n use_v to_o say_v to_o such_o as_o he_o send_v to_o gather_v soldier_n choose_v i_o the_o able_a body_n and_o i_o will_v make_v they_o stout_a and_o courageous_a 4._o when_o l._n flaccus_n and_o c._n varro_n be_v consul_n livius_n name_v they_o l._n aemilius_n paulus_n and_o terentius_n varro_n then_o be_v soldier_n first_o make_v by_o take_v a_o oath_n for_o before_o the_o custom_n be_v for_o a_o tribune_n or_o a_o colonel_n to_o ask_v of_o they_o whether_o they_o will_v devote_v themselves_o for_o the_o service_n of_o their_o country_n then_o do_v they_o agree_v together_o and_o promise_v with_o a_o curse_n that_o they_o will_v never_o depart_v to_o save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n or_o for_o fear_n and_o that_o they_o will_v never_o go_v out_o of_o their_o rank_n but_o to_o take_v their_o weapon_n to_o strike_v a_o enemy_n or_o to_o save_v a_o citizen_n 5._o when_o scipio_n africanus_n see_v a_o buckler_n of_o a_o certain_a soldier_n adorn_v more_o beautiful_a than_o the_o rest_n he_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o do_v not_o wonder_v at_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n in_o beautify_v it_o because_o he_o depend_v more_o upon_o it_o for_o his_o safety_n than_o upon_o his_o sword_n 6._o when_o philip_n first_o make_v up_o his_o army_n he_o forbid_v they_o all_o the_o use_n of_o wagon_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v a_o horseman_n to_o have_v more_o than_o one_o servant_n and_o to_o ten_o foot_n soldier_n he_o appoint_v likewise_o a_o servant_n who_o be_v to_o carry_v for_o they_o when_o they_o go_v out_o into_o the_o field_n their_o meat_n and_o their_o rope_n command_v they_o to_o bear_v upon_o their_o back_n the_o meal_n needful_a for_o thirty_o day_n 7._o c._n marius_n to_o shorten_v the_o baggage_n and_o cart_n of_o the_o army_n which_o do_v most_o encumber_v it_o fit_v up_o the_o soldier_n food_n and_o vessel_n needful_a in_o bundle_n hang_v they_o behind_o their_o back_n upon_o crooked_a staff_n which_o be_v easy_a for_o they_o to_o carry_v and_o lean_v upon_o from_o hence_o be_v derive_v the_o proverb_n muli_fw-la mariani_n marius_n be_v mule_n 8._o when_o theagenes_n the_o athenian_a lead_v a_o army_n against_o megara_n he_o answer_v to_o those_o that_o ask_v for_o their_o rank_n and_o place_n that_o he_o will_v appoint_v they_o one_o there_o he_o send_v afterward_o his_o horseman_n before_o secret_o command_v they_o as_o enemy_n to_o assault_v their_o own_o friend_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o approve_v those_o soldier_n that_o he_o have_v to_o meet_v and_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o he_o suffer_v they_o to_o rank_v themselves_o as_o they_o please_v so_o that_o whereas_o the_o most_o timorous_a do_v fall_v back_o in_o the_o rear_n and_o the_o stout_a be_v find_v in_o the_o front_n as_o he_o find_v every_o man_n stand_v in_o that_o manner_n he_o advance_v they_o to_o the_o military_a order_n and_o place_n 9_o lysander_n the_o lacedaemonian_a reprove_v a_o certain_a soldier_n go_v out_o of_o his_o way_n have_v this_o answer_n from_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o leave_v his_o company_n to_o steal_v but_o he_o reply_v i_o will_v not_o have_v thou_o give_v the_o least_o suspicion_n of_o stealth_n 10._o when_o antigonus_n hear_v that_o his_o son_n be_v go_v into_o a_o man_n house_n who_o have_v three_o beautiful_a daughter_n i_o hear_v say_v he_o my_o son_n that_o thou_o have_v but_o a_o narrow_a lodging_n where_o so_o many_o dame_n do_v command_v the_o house_n take_v i_o advise_v thou_o a_o large_a dwelling_n and_o he_o order_v he_o to_o depart_v out_o withal_o make_v a_o law_n that_o none_o shall_v under_o fifty_o year_n of_o age_n in_o the_o army_n lodge_v in_o a_o dwell_a house_n 11._o q._n metellus_n the_o consul_n though_o he_o be_v not_o hinder_v by_o any_o law_n from_o receive_v his_o son_n always_o in_o his_o tent_n yet_o he_o appoint_v he_o to_o fight_v and_o to_o live_v as_o the_o other_o soldier_n and_o to_o endure_v the_o same_o hardship_n 12._o p._n rutilius_n the_o consul_n though_o the_o law_n suffer_v he_o to_o have_v his_o son_n with_o he_o in_o his_o tent_n yet_o he_o make_v he_o a_o soldier_n in_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n 13._o t._n scaurus_n forbid_v his_o son_n to_o come_v into_o his_o presence_n because_o he_o have_v give_v back_o and_o yield_v ground_n to_o the_o enemy_n in_o a_o wood_n near_o trent_n the_o young_a man_n oppress_v therefore_o with_o grief_n and_o shame_n kill_v himself_o the_o roman_n and_o other_o nation_n ancient_o be_v use_v to_o pitch_v their_o camp_n every_o where_o according_a to_o their_o company_n as_o so_o many_o distinct_a village_n for_o none_o but_o town_n have_v wall_n and_o fortification_n but_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n be_v the_o first_o that_o entrench_v in_o a_o army_n afterward_o the_o roman_n have_v beat_v he_o in_o the_o field_n of_o arusina_fw-la near_o the_o city_n beneventum_n and_o take_v his_o camp_n they_o observe_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o pitch_v and_o by_o degree_n be_v now_o arrive_v to_o that_o perfection_n of_o encamp_v which_o be_v now_o in_o use_n 14._o p._n nasica_n be_v in_o his_o winter_n quarter_n though_o he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o a_o fleet_n lest_o the_o soldier_n shall_v be_v spoil_v by_o lazyness_n or_o for_o want_n of_o employment_n be_v tempt_v to_o do_v mischief_n to_o their_o friend_n resolve_v to_o build_v ship_n 15._o m._n cato_n have_v leave_v upon_o record_n that_o some_o of_o his_o fellow-soldier_n be_v condemn_v to_o lose_v their_o hand_n for_o be_v take_v steal_v and_o when_o a_o mild_a punishment_n be_v impose_v they_o be_v let_v blood_n before_o the_o general_n tent._n 16._o clearthus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v to_o his_o army_n that_o a_o commander_n ought_v to_o be_v more_o fear_v than_o a_o enemy_n he_o mean_v by_o those_o who_o be_v afraid_a to_o die_v in_o the_o battle_n but_o if_o they_o run_v away_o a_o certain_a punishment_n and_o execution_n be_v to_o be_v their_o reward_n 17._o the_o judgement_n of_o appius_n claudius_n be_v that_o those_o who_o have_v be_v take_v by_o king_n pyrrhus_n and_o be_v send_v home_o to_o the_o senate_n that_o the_o horseman_n shall_v be_v reduce_v to_o fight_v on_o foot_n the_o footman_n shall_v be_v degrade_v and_o that_o all_o shall_v abide_v out_o of_o their_o trench_n until_o each_o of_o they_o shall_v kill_v and_o produce_v the_o spoil_n of_o two_o man_n of_o their_o enemy_n 18._o otacilius_n crussus_n the_o conful_n command_v those_o who_o have_v
be_v force_v to_o pass_v under_o the_o yoke_n in_o sign_n of_o submission_n to_o continue_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n and_o work_n that_o they_o have_v no_o defence_n may_v be_v use_v to_o the_o danger_n and_o be_v the_o bold_a to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n 19_o p._n comelius_fw-la nasica_n and_o decimus_n junius_n the_o consul_n condemn_v such_o to_o be_v public_o whip_v with_o rod_n and_o to_o be_v sell_v as_o slave_n as_o have_v forsake_v the_o army_n 20._o domitius_n corbulo_n in_o armenia_n cause_v two_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o three_o company_n of_o foot_n who_o have_v give_v back_o in_o assault_v of_o a_o castle_n to_o continue_v and_o lodge_v out_o of_o the_o trench_n until_o by_o their_o continual_a labour_n and_o happy_a encounter_n they_o have_v wipe_v off_o their_o disgrace_n 21._o aurelius_n cotta_n the_o consul_n when_o out_o of_o necessity_n he_o command_v the_o horseman_n to_o labour_n in_o the_o work_n and_o that_o some_o of_o they_o refuse_v to_o obey_v he_o he_o complain_v of_o it_o to_o the_o censor_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v punish_v and_o afterward_o he_o obtain_v of_o the_o senate_n that_o they_o shall_v lose_v all_o their_o pay_n that_o be_v then_o due_a to_o they_o 22._o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n likewise_o consult_v they_o in_o this_o business_n and_o by_o a_o general_a consent_n this_o discipline_n be_v establish_v 23._o q._n metellus_n surname_v macedonicus_n in_o spain_n command_v five_o company_n who_o have_v be_v beat_v back_o by_o the_o enemy_n to_o make_v their_o will_n and_o send_v they_o back_o to_o recover_v the_o place_n threaten_v they_o that_o he_o will_v never_o receive_v they_o again_o till_o they_o have_v get_v the_o victory_n 24._o p._n valerius_n be_v consul_n the_o senate_n command_v the_o army_n that_o have_v be_v overcome_v at_o siris_n to_o be_v lead_v to_o firmius_n and_o there_o to_o fortify_v a_o camp_n and_o abide_v in_o tent_n all_o the_o winter_n 25._o the_o senate_n decree_v when_o their_o soldier_n be_v shameful_o put_v to_o flight_n that_o no_o assistance_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o they_o till_o they_o have_v beat_v and_o take_v the_o enemy_n and_o that_o those_o legion_n which_o have_v refuse_v to_o fight_v in_o the_o punic_a war_n shall_v be_v transport_v over_o into_o sicily_n and_o there_o remain_v seven_o year_n and_o live_v upon_o barley_n bread_n 26._o l._n piso_n condemn_v titius_n the_o captain_n of_o a_o company_n to_o stand_v every_o day_n barefoot_a before_o his_o tent_n when_o the_o watch_n go_v the_o round_n with_o his_o gown_n tear_v about_o he_o and_o a_o loose_a cassack_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v abstain_v from_o bathe_v and_o feast_v because_o he_o have_v retreat_v back_o and_o give_v ground_n to_o the_o fugitive_n with_o who_o he_o encounter_v 27._o sylla_n when_o the_o enemy_n break_v in_o upon_o a_o company_n and_o the_o commander_n be_v upon_o the_o guard_n he_o order_v they_o to_o stand_v before_o the_o general_n tent_n without_o arm_n and_o belt_n 28._o domitius_n corbulo_n general_n in_o armenia_n condemn_v aemelius_n rufus_n leiutenant-general_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o have_v his_o garment_n break_v and_o cut_v by_o a_o sergeant_n and_o in_o that_o shatter_v habit_n to_o stand_v before_o the_o general_n tent_n among_o the_o principes_fw-la until_o they_o be_v discharge_v because_o he_o have_v give_v back_o and_o retreat_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o because_o a_o party_n of_o his_o horse_n be_v but_o ill_o furnish_v with_o arms._n 29._o attilius_n regubus_n go_v out_o of_o samnium_n into_o the_o country_n of_o nuceria_n with_o his_o army_n meet_v with_o the_o enemy_n that_o drive_v he_o back_o he_o comcommand_v therefore_o a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n behind_o to_o kill_v all_o such_o as_o shall_v offer_v to_o retreat_n and_o deal_v with_o they_o as_o with_o fugitive_n 30._o cotta_n consul_n in_o sicilia_n cause_v valerius_n nobilis_fw-la a_o colonel_n descend_v of_o the_o family_n valeria_n to_o be_v punish_v by_o whip_v he_o with_o rods._n 31._o the_o same_o cotta_n condemn_v p._n aurelius_n his_o near_a kinsman_n who_o he_o have_v leave_v to_o command_v in_o his_o absence_n at_o the_o siege_n of_o lipara_n when_o he_o be_v go_v to_o messina_n to_o inquire_v about_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n to_o be_v beat_v with_o rod_n to_o be_v list_v among_o the_o common_a soldier_n and_o to_o perform_v all_o their_o duty_n because_o some_o of_o the_o work_n belong_v to_o the_o camp_n have_v be_v fire_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o camp_n itself_o have_v be_v take_v in_o his_o absence_n 32._o fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o censor_n put_v out_o of_o the_o senate_n his_o own_o brother_n fulvius_n because_o he_o have_v without_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o consul_n dismiss_v and_o send_v away_o a_o legion_n over_o which_o he_o be_v the_o colonel_n 33._o when_o m._n cato_n be_v sail_v away_o with_o his_o fleet_n from_o the_o enemy_n shore_n where_o he_o have_v remain_v some_o few_o day_n have_v give_v and_o hang_v out_o before_o the_o sign_n of_o his_o departure_n and_o that_o one_o of_o his_o soldier_n be_v leave_v behind_o call_v out_o and_o make_v sign_n to_o the_o ship_n to_o be_v take_v in_o he_o turn_v about_o with_o his_o whole_a fleet_n take_v the_o soldier_n and_o put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o make_v he_o a_o example_n to_o the_o rest_n rather_o than_o to_o leave_v he_o to_o be_v destroy_v by_o the_o enemy_n for_o his_o negligence_n 34._o appius_n claudius_n be_v wont_a to_o take_v the_o ten_o man_n of_o those_o who_o do_v offer_v to_o give_v ground_n to_o a_o enemy_n by_o lot_n and_o beat_v they_o with_o club_n 35._o fabius_n rollus_n the_o consul_n cause_v the_o lot_n to_o be_v cast_v upon_o two_o legion_n which_o have_v retreat_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o those_o upon_o who_o the_o lot_n fall_v to_o be_v behead_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o soldier_n 36._o aquirius_fw-la take_v the_o three_o man_n out_o of_o the_o company_n that_o have_v suffer_v their_o guard_n to_o be_v face_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o lose_v their_o head_n with_o a_o ax._n 37._o m._n antonius_n when_o a_o mount_n that_o he_o have_v raise_v have_v be_v burn_v by_o the_o enemy_n decimate_v two_o colony_n or_o company_n of_o soldier_n that_o be_v to_o defend_v the_o work_n and_o punish_v likewise_o a_o centurion_n or_o captain_n of_o each_o cohors_fw-la he_o send_v away_o the_o lieutenant_n colonel_n with_o disgrace_n and_o command_v the_o survive_a part_n of_o the_o legion_n to_o feed_v upon_o barley_n bread_n 38._o the_o legion_n which_o plunder_v and_o destroy_v the_o town_n of_o rhegium_n without_o the_o general_n order_n be_v punish_v in_o this_o manner_n four_o thousand_o of_o they_o be_v imprison_v and_o there_o put_v to_o death_n beside_o the_o senate_n command_v that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v bury_v or_o mourn_v for_o 39_o l._n papyrus_fw-la surname_v cursor_n be_v dictator_n treat_v fabius_n rutilius_n master_n of_o his_o horse_n in_o this_o manner_n because_o he_o have_v encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n against_o his_o command_n though_o with_o success_n he_o require_v he_o to_o be_v beat_v with_o rod_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o strike_v off_o his_o head_n with_o a_o axe_n neither_o can_v he_o be_v prevail_v upon_o by_o the_o endeavour_n and_o prayer_n of_o his_o soldier_n to_o remit_v the_o punishment_n and_o when_o rutilius_n flee_v to_o rome_n he_o pursue_v he_o neither_o will_v he_o there_o forgive_v he_o until_o fabius_n with_o his_o father_n fall_v upon_o their_o knee_n to_o he_o and_o the_o whole_a senate_n and_o people_n speak_v for_o he_o 40._o manlius_n who_o afterward_o be_v surname_v the_o imperious_a cut_v off_o his_o son_n head_n with_o a_o axe_n after_o that_o he_o have_v be_v beat_v with_o rod_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n because_o he_o have_v join_v in_o battle_n with_o the_o enemy_n against_o his_o order_n though_o he_o come_v off_o with_o victory_n 41._o manlius_n the_o son_n when_o the_o army_n for_o his_o sake_n be_v ready_a to_o rise_v up_o in_o sedition_n and_o disorder_n against_o his_o father_n tell_v they_o that_o no_o man_n be_v of_o that_o worth_n that_o for_o he_o the_o discipline_n of_o war_n ought_v to_o be_v neglect_v he_o therefore_o oblige_v they_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v punish_v 42._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n cut_v off_o the_o right-hand_n of_o such_o as_o have_v run_v away_o from_o his_o army_n 43._o q._n curio_n the_o consul_n in_o the_o dardanick_n war_n when_o one_o of_o his_o five_o legion_n about_o dirrachyum_n rise_v up_o in_o rebellion_n and_o refuse_v to_o march_v against_o the_o enemy_n say_v that_o they_o will_v not_o follow_v their_o foolish_a general_n in_o a_o dangerous_a and_o troublesome_a enterprise_n he_o command_v
but_o of_o all_o the_o spoil_n he_o convert_v so_o little_a to_o his_o own_o use_n that_o the_o senate_n give_v his_o daughter_n a_o portion_n out_o of_o the_o public_a treasury_n chap._n iu._n of_o justice_n example_n 1._o when_o camillus_n besiege_v the_o falisci_n in_o their_o town_n there_o be_v a_o certain_a schoolmaster_n that_o lead_v the_o child_n of_o some_o of_o the_o falisci_n out_o of_o the_o wall_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v only_o to_o walk_v with_o they_o abroad_o but_o under_o that_o pretence_n he_o deliver_v they_o to_o camillus_n and_o for_o the_o recovery_n of_o the_o child_n the_o city_n will_v submit_v to_o he_o camillus_n abhor_v his_o perfidiousness_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o have_v his_o hand_n bind_v behind_o and_o command_v the_o child_n to_o whip_v he_o back_o into_o the_o the_o town_n again_o to_o their_o parent_n by_o this_o just_a deal_n he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n which_o he_o desire_v not_o to_o obtain_v by_o fraud_n for_o this_o equitable_a proceed_v make_v the_o falisci_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o willing_o 2._o the_o physician_n of_o king_n pyrrhus_n go_v to_o fabricius_n general_n for_o the_o roman_n promise_v he_o that_o he_o will_v give_v his_o master_n poison_n if_o beforehand_o he_o may_v have_v the_o assurance_n of_o a_o considerable_a reward_n fabricius_n think_v that_o he_o have_v no_o need_n of_o such_o a_o foul_a deed_n to_o get_v the_o victory_n discover_v the_o plot_n and_o the_o author_n to_o the_o king_n this_o cause_v he_o to_o seek_v and_o desire_v earnest_o the_o roman_n friendship_n chap._n v._o of_o constancy_n example_n 1._o cn_fw-la pompeius_n when_o his_o soldier_n threaten_v to_o plunder_v and_o take_v his_o treasure_n which_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v in_o trumph_n and_o servilus_fw-la and_o glaucia_n two_o roman_n advise_v he_o to_o divide_v it_o among_o they_o to_o prevent_v a_o tumult_n he_o assure_v they_o that_o he_o will_v not_o ride_v in_o triumph_n but_o rather_o die_v than_o to_o yield_v to_o the_o licentiousness_n of_o his_o soldier_n have_v therefore_o reprove_v they_o severe_o in_o a_o speech_n he_o cast_v down_o before_o they_o the_o bundle_n of_o rod_n carry_v before_o he_o which_o be_v crown_v with_o laurel_n bid_v they_o to_o begin_v their_o plunder_n by_o the_o spoil_n of_o they_o this_o proceed_v make_v they_o so_o ashamed_a that_o they_o continue_v in_o their_o obedience_n 2._o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o civil_a war_n in_o a_o sedition_n of_o his_o soldier_n when_o they_o be_v therefore_o the_o bold_a disband_v a_o whole_a legion_n and_o cut_v off_o the_o head_n of_o their_o leader_n with_o his_o axe_n but_o a_o little_a after_o when_o they_o who_o be_v disband_v petition_v for_o a_o pardon_n he_o receive_v they_o again_o and_o they_o prove_v to_o he_o some_o of_o his_o best_a soldier_n 3._o postumius_n who_o have_v be_v consul_n encourage_v his_o soldier_n to_o fight_v and_o when_o they_o demand_v what_o he_o will_v order_v he_o cry_v out_o that_o they_o will_v imitate_v he_o with_o that_o he_o take_v the_o colour_n and_o march_v straight_o against_o the_o enemy_n they_o likewise_o follow_v and_o get_v the_o victory_n 4._o l._n marcellus_n fall_v unadvised_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o gaul_n rid_v round_o about_o to_o spy_v out_o some_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o when_o he_o find_v that_o the_o enemy_n have_v possess_v all_o the_o passage_n he_o pray_v to_o the_o god_n and_o break_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o enemy_n who_o be_v affright_v at_o his_o unexpected_a boldness_n and_o kill_v their_o leader_n so_o that_o when_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o appearance_n to_o escape_v with_o life_n he_o overcome_v the_o general_n and_o carry_v away_o his_o arms._n 5._o when_o l._n paulus_n have_v lose_v his_o army_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n lentulus_n offer_v he_o a_o horse_n to_o fly_v but_o he_o will_v not_o survive_v his_o ill_a success_n which_o have_v not_o be_v occasion_v by_o he_o but_o continue_v upon_o that_o rock_n where_o he_o have_v be_v wound_v and_o against_o which_o he_o lean_v until_o the_o enemy_n come_v overpowr_v and_o kill_v he_o 6._o varro_z his_o partner_n show_v a_o great_a constancy_n after_o that_o defeat_n the_o senate_n and_o people_n return_v he_o their_o thanks_o because_o he_o have_v not_o despair_v of_o defend_v the_o commonwealth_n he_o show_v sufficient_o that_o he_o preserve_v himself_o not_o out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o live_v so_o much_o as_o out_o of_o a_o love_n for_o his_o country_n for_o he_o let_v his_o beard_n and_o hair_n grow_v out_o to_o a_o length_n and_o never_o after_o will_v rest_v to_o take_v his_o meat_n and_o when_o the_o people_n offer_v he_o honour_n he_o refuse_v they_o say_v that_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v need_n of_o more_o successful_a magistrate_n 7._o sempronius_n surname_v tuditanus_n and_o c._n octavius_n tribunes_z of_o the_o soldier_n when_o all_o be_v lose_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n and_o they_o be_v besiege_v by_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o lesser_a camp_n persuade_v the_o soldier_n with_o their_o sword_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o break_v through_o with_o they_o the_o enemy_n guard_n assure_v they_o that_o this_o be_v their_o resolution_n though_o none_o shall_v have_v the_o courage_n beside_o themselves_o there_o be_v but_o twelve_o partly_o horseman_n partly_o footman_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n who_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o keep_v they_o company_n and_o with_o these_o they_o come_v safe_a to_o canusium_n a_o roman_a garrison_n 8._o c._n fontejus_fw-la crassus_n in_o spain_n go_v out_o to_o forage_v with_o three_o thousand_o man_n be_v surround_v in_o a_o difficult_a passage_n by_o hasdrubal_n he_o acquaint_v only_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o his_o soldier_n with_o his_o design_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n when_o he_o be_v least_o expect_v he_o break_v through_o the_o enemy_n post_n 9_o p._n dicius_fw-la the_o tribune_n in_o the_o samnitick_a war_n when_o cornelius_n cossus_n the_o consul_n be_v catch_v in_o a_o difficult_a place_n advise_v he_o to_o send_v a_o small_a party_n to_o possess_v a_o neighbour_a hill_n and_o offer_v himself_o to_o lead_v that_o party_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o draw_v the_o enemy_n to_o another_o place_n and_o open_v a_o way_n for_o the_o consul_n to_o escape_v but_o in_o that_o station_n they_o besiege_v derius_n and_o surround_v he_o he_o in_o the_o night_n sally_v out_o of_o those_o strait_n and_o come_v safe_a with_o his_o soldier_n to_o the_o consul_n 10._o the_o same_o policy_n be_v practise_v under_o the_o command_n of_o attilius_n calatinus_n the_o consul_n by_o he_o who_o name_n be_v various_o record_v some_o call_v he_o laberius_n other_o q._n ceditius_n many_o calpurnius_n flamma_n when_o this_o man_n see_v his_o army_n lead_v into_o such_o a_o valley_n where_o all_o the_o hill_n round_o about_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n he_o desire_v the_o consul_n to_o give_v he_o the_o head_v of_o three_o hundred_o man_n which_o be_v grant_v he_o exhort_v they_o by_o their_o courage_n to_o save_v their_o army_n with_o this_o party_n he_o run_v down_o into_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o valley_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n on_o all_o side_n come_v to_o destroy_v they_o he_o detain_v they_o so_o long_o in_o a_o sharp_a fight_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v time_n to_o draw_v and_o lead_v out_o his_o army_n 11._o c._n caesar_n march_v against_o the_o german_n and_o their_o king_n ariovistus_n with_o his_o army_n perceive_v that_o his_o soldier_n be_v terrify_v he_o call_v they_o together_o therefore_o and_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o will_v make_v use_v that_o day_n of_o none_o of_o his_o legion_n but_o only_o of_o the_o ten_o legion_n by_o this_o say_n he_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n of_o that_o legion_n to_o behave_v themselves_o most_o manful_o and_o the_o other_o be_v move_v with_o shame_n to_o fight_v that_o the_o other_o may_v not_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o honour_n and_o glory_n of_o the_o field_n 12._o a_o certain_a noble_a man_n of_o lacedaemon_n when_o king_n philip_n threaten_v to_o punish_v they_o with_o fines_n if_o they_o do_v not_o deliver_v up_o their_o city_n answer_v he_o can_v never_o hinder_v we_o from_o die_v for_o our_o country_n 13._o leonidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a when_o one_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o persian_n with_o the_o multitude_n of_o their_o arrrow_n will_v make_v a_o cloud_n answer_v we_o shall_v then_o fight_v the_o better_a in_o the_o shade_n 14._o when_o caelius_n the_o city_n praeaor_n be_v do_v justice_n in_o the_o seat_n of_o judicature_n a_o magpie_n pitch_v upon_o his_o head_n and_o the_o roman_a soothsayer_n tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o do_v let_v go_v the_o bird_n the_o enemy_n will_v obtain_v the_o victory_n over_o the_o roman_n but_o if_o he_o kill_v the_o bird_n
contain_v they_o may_v afford_v a_o encouragement_n to_o the_o fire_n 10._o hannibal_n show_v to_o king_n antiochus_n how_o he_o shall_v cast_v pot_n full_a of_o viper_n into_o their_o enemy_n ship_n which_o so_o affright_v the_o soldier_n that_o they_o be_v thereby_o hinder_v from_o resist_v and_o from_o the_o government_n of_o their_o ship_n 11._o prusias_n practise_v the_o same_o policy_n when_o his_o fleet_n give_v back_o 12._o when_o m._n parcius_fw-la in_o a_o furious_a manner_n break_v though_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n the_o carthaginian_n be_v thereby_o trouble_v and_o out_o of_o order_n porcius_n take_v a_o advantage_n of_o it_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o take_v the_o carthaginian_a arm_n and_o hang_v out_o their_o colour_n by_o that_o mean_n under_o the_o appearance_n of_o friend_n he_o deceive_v and_o sink_v several_a of_o their_o ship_n 13._o when_o the_o athenian_n have_v be_v assault_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n in_o their_o festival_n day_n which_o be_v keep_v in_o honour_n of_o minerva_n out_o of_o the_o city_n they_o continue_v the_o appearance_n of_o such_o as_o be_v wont_a to_o honour_v the_o goddess_n only_o under_o their_o coat_n they_o have_v hide_v their_o weapon_n when_o they_o have_v perform_v their_o accusiomed_a worship_n they_o return_v not_o immediate_o to_o athens_n but_o from_o thence_o in_o a_o speedy_a manner_n they_o haste_v to_o lacedaemon_n at_o that_o time_n when_o they_o be_v least_o expect_v and_o plunder_v all_o their_o enemy_n country_n at_o their_o pleasure_n whereas_o a_o little_a before_o they_o have_v be_v plunder_v by_o they_o 14._o cassius_n take_v some_o ship_n of_o burden_n which_o be_v scarce_o useful_a and_o fire_v they_o he_o send_v they_o before_o the_o wind_n among_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n and_o set_v they_o all_o a_o fire_n 15._o m._n lucius_n have_v defeat_v hasdrubal_n some_o advise_v he_o to_o pursue_v the_o enemy_n till_o they_o have_v total_o destroy_v they_o pray_v say_v he_o let_v some_o of_o they_o remain_v alive_a who_o may_v declare_v our_o victory_n to_o the_o enemy_n 16._o scipio_n africanus_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v good_a policy_n not_o only_o to_o give_v the_o enemy_n a_o way_n to_o escape_v and_o fly_v but_o also_o to_o secure_v it_o to_o they_o 17._o pericles_z the_o athenian_a promise_v his_o enemy_n that_o they_o shall_v be_v safe_a if_o they_o will_v cast_v down_o their_o weapon_n which_o when_o they_o have_v do_v he_o command_v all_o that_o have_v in_o their_o armour_n iron_n buckler_n to_o be_v slay_v 18._o when_o hasdrubal_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o border_n of_o numidia_n to_o subdue_v they_o and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n prepare_v to_o resist_v he_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v come_v only_o to_o hunt_v elephant_n which_o be_v plentiful_a in_o numidia_n and_o if_o they_o will_v suffer_v he_o he_o promise_v to_o do_v they_o no_o harm_n they_o believe_v he_o and_o call_v back_o their_o force_n than_o do_v they_o assault_v and_o subdue_v they_o 19_o alcetas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a that_o he_o may_v more_o easy_o surprise_v a_o convey_v of_o victual_n sail_v to_o thebes_n unexpected_a provide_v some_o ship_n in_o a_o secret_a place_n show_v but_o one_o galley_n in_o which_o by_o turn_n he_o exercise_v his_o mariner_n but_o in_o a_o convenient_a time_n when_o the_o theban_n be_v sail_v by_o he_o send_v out_o all_o his_o ship_n against_o they_o and_o take_v all_o their_o provision_n 20._o ptolomeus_n have_v but_o a_o weak_a army_n when_o he_o march_v against_o perdiccas_n who_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o force_n take_v all_o sort_n of_o beast_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o draw_v behind_o they_o cart_n and_o to_o be_v drive_v forward_o by_o a_o few_o horseman_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o march_v before_o with_o what_o troop_n he_o have_v with_o he_o so_o that_o the_o dust_n raise_v by_o the_o cattle_n give_v a_o appearance_n of_o a_o vast_a army_n that_o follow_v behind_o which_o think_v so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n 21._o myronides_n the_o athenian_a go_v against_o the_o theban_n who_o be_v more_o numerous_a in_o horse_n when_o his_o foot_n come_v into_o the_o plain_a field_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o if_o they_o do_v keep_v their_o grovod_fw-la they_o will_v be_v safe_a but_o if_o they_o yield_v they_o will_v be_v destroy_v by_o this_o speech_n he_o confirm_v his_o soldier_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n 22._o l._n pinaron_n be_v governor_n in_o sicily_n of_o the_o town_n ennae_fw-la when_o the_o magistrate_n of_o the_o city_n desire_v he_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o key_n of_o the_o gate_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o custody_n to_o they_o he_o have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o they_o that_o they_o intend_v to_o turn_v to_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o desire_v therefore_o one_o night_n space_n to_o consider_v of_o it_o inform_v secret_o his_o soldier_n of_o the_o treachery_n of_o those_o greek_n he_o command_v they_o to_o be_v ready_a the_o next_o day_n and_o expect_v the_o signal_n the_o next_o morning_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o his_o soldier_n he_o tell_v the_o magistrate_n that_o he_o will_v deliver_v up_o the_o key_n if_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n desire_v it_o for_o that_o purpose_n all_o the_o citizen_n be_v call_v into_o the_o theatre_n demand_v the_o delivery_n of_o the_o key_n by_o this_o he_o understand_v of_o their_o purpose_n to_o revolt_v to_o the_o enemy_n he_o immediate_o therefore_o give_v order_n to_o his_o soldier_n to_o fall_v on_o and_o kill_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n 23._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n take_v the_o colour_n at_o the_o appearance_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n and_o sail_v to_o a_o town_n of_o which_o he_o have_v a_o jealousy_n and_o when_o at_o his_o land_n he_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a expression_n of_o joy_n he_o find_v out_o their_o unconstancy_n and_o plunder_v the_o town_n 24._o tiberius_n gracchus_n declare_v public_o that_o he_o will_v give_v liberty_n to_o all_o the_o volunteer_n who_o behave_v themselves_o manful_o but_o that_o he_o will_v crucify_v the_o coward_n when_o therefore_o four_o thousand_o of_o those_o who_o have_v be_v slothful_a in_o the_o fight_n for_o fear_v of_o the_o threaten_v punishment_n be_v gather_v together_o on_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n he_o send_v to_o tell_v they_o that_o his_o whole_a army_n of_o volunteer_n in_o his_o judgement_n have_v get_v the_o victory_n see_v the_o enemy_n be_v flee_v by_o this_o say_n he_o deliver_v they_o from_o the_o fear_n of_o punishment_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o obedience_n 25._o hannibal_n after_o the_o battle_n at_o the_o lake_n of_o thrasginerus_n where_o the_o roman_n receive_v so_o great_a a_o loss_n when_o he_o have_v get_v into_o his_o power_n six_o thousand_o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o a_o agreement_n he_o send_v away_o all_o the_o confederate_n of_o the_o latin_a country_n and_o speak_v gracious_o to_o they_o say_v that_o he_o be_v come_v into_o italy_n to_o make_v war_n to_o free_v the_o country_n from_o the_o roman_a slavery_n and_o by_o their_o mean_n some_o of_o the_o people_n surrender_v themselves_o to_o he_o 26._o magro_n when_o the_o locri_n be_v besiege_v by_o crispinus_n admiral_n of_o the_o roman_a fleet_n cause_v a_o report_n to_o be_v spread_v abroad_o in_o the_o roman_a camp_n that_o hannibal_n have_v kill_v marcellus_n and_o be_v come_v with_o his_o army_n to_o raise_v the_o siege_n of_o the_o town_n have_v therefore_o secret_o send_v out_o a_o party_n of_o horse_n he_o order_v they_o to_o show_v themselves_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o be_v in_o sight_n when_o crispinus_n see_v they_o he_o imagine_v that_o hannibal_n be_v real_o come_v he_o therefore_o haste_v with_o his_o army_n on_o shipboard_n and_o flee_v 27._o scipio_n aemilianus_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o numantia_n place_v his_o bowman_n and_o slinger_n not_o only_o between_o his_o cohorte_n but_o also_o between_o every_o century_n or_o company_n of_o foot_n 28._o pelopidas_n thebanus_n be_v put_v to_o flight_n by_o the_o thessalian_n and_o have_v sound_v the_o depth_n of_o a_o river_n over_o which_o he_o have_v hasty_o cast_v a_o bridge_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o make_v use_n of_o it_o also_o to_o pass_v over_o he_o command_v the_o rear_n of_o his_o army_n to_o burn_v the_o bridge_n 29._o when_o the_o roman_a cavalry_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n encounter_v with_o the_o horseman_n of_o campania_n q._n naevius_n a_o captain_n in_o the_o army_n of_o fulvius_n flaccus_n the_o proconsul_n find_v a_o way_n to_o strengthen_v they_o he_o cause_v out_o of_o all_o the_o army_n some_o of_o the_o nimble_a footman_n to_o be_v choose_v who_o be_v of_o a_o middle_a stature_n he_o furnish_v they_o with_o round_a and_o little_a buckler_n with_o head-piece_n sword_n and_o seven_o spear_n every_o one_o about_o four_o foot_n
long_o place_v they_o among_o the_o horse_n command_v they_o to_o march_v as_o far_o as_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n in_o this_o order_n they_o accompany_v the_o roman_a horse_n when_o they_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o do_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o mischief_n to_o they_o chief_o to_o their_o horse_n that_o be_v thereby_o soon_o disorder_v and_o oblige_v to_o leave_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o roman_n 30._o p._n scipio_n in_o lydia_n see_v the_o army_n of_o antiochus_n that_o have_v suffer_v much_o by_o the_o rain_n that_o fall_v coutinual_o during_o a_o night_n and_o a_o day_n and_o that_o not_o only_o his_o man_n faint_v but_o also_o some_o of_o their_o horse_n become_v unserviceable_a and_o their_o bowstring_n be_v wet_a be_v become_v useless_a he_o encourage_v his_o brother_n the_o next_o day_n to_o give_v they_o battle_n though_o it_o be_v a_o religious_a day_n which_o advice_n be_v follow_v he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n 31._o when_o cato_n be_v plunder_v of_o spain_n the_o ambassador_n of_o the_o hergeti_n who_o be_v confederate_n with_o the_o roman_n come_v to_o he_o to_o beseech_v he_o to_o send_v they_o help_n he_o be_v loath_a by_o deny_v assistance_n to_o alienate_v the_o mind_n of_o his_o friend_n or_o by_o divide_v his_o army_n to_o weaken_v his_o force_n command_v a_o three_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o provide_v themselves_o with_o victual_n and_o to_o get_v a_o shipboard_n but_o give_v they_o private_o order_v to_o return_v back_o again_o and_o pretend_v that_o the_o wind_n be_v contrary_a the_o report_n of_o succour_n that_o be_v a_o come_v encourage_v the_o hergeti_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o disappoint_v the_o design_n of_o their_o enemy_n 32._o c._n caesar_n know_v that_o pompey_n have_v in_o his_o army_n a_o great_a number_n of_o roman_a knight_n who_o by_o their_o skill_n in_o arm_n will_v overcome_v his_o soldier_n command_v his_o man_n to_o aim_v with_o their_o sword_n at_o their_o face_n and_o eye_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o oblige_v they_o to_o turn_v away_o their_o eye_n and_o to_o give_v back_o 33._o when_o the_o vaccei_n be_v fight_v against_o sempronius_n gracchus_n and_o sore_o handle_v by_o his_o army_n they_o enclose_v themselves_o round_o with_o their_o wagon_n full_a of_o their_o stout_a man_n in_o woman_n apparel_n which_o make_v sempronius_n more_o bold_a to_o assault_v they_o think_v they_o to_o be_v but_o woman_n but_o they_o charge_v his_o man_n so_o stout_o that_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n 34._o eumenes_n cardianus_n one_o of_o the_o successor_n of_o alexander_n be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o castle_n so_o close_o that_o he_o can_v not_o exercise_v his_o horse_n cause_v their_o leg_n to_o be_v tie_v up_o every_o day_n at_o certain_a hour_n that_o stand_v upon_o their_o hinder_v leg_n and_o their_o fore_a foot_n lift_v up_o on_o high_a their_o desire_n and_o endeavour_v to_o stand_v on_o their_o fore_a foot_n make_v they_o yield_v a_o sweat_n all_o about_o their_o joint_n 35._o m._n cato_n when_o the_o country_n people_n promise_v he_o guide_n to_o lead_v he_o and_o convey_v he_o if_o he_o will_v give_v they_o a_o considerable_a sum_n of_o money_n he_o free_o offer_v it_o to_o they_o for_o he_o hope_v when_o he_o shall_v obtain_v the_o victory_n to_o pay_v they_o with_o the_o plunder_n of_o their_o enemy_n or_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o they_o be_v kill_v he_o expect_v then_o to_o be_v free_a from_o his_o promise_n 36._o q._n maximus_n when_o statilius_n a_o noble_a knight_n of_o excellent_a ability_n be_v resolve_v to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o enemy_n send_v for_o he_o and_o desire_v to_o be_v excuse_v because_o through_o the_o envy_n of_o his_o fellow_n soldier_n he_o be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o his_o rare_a virtue_n he_o therefore_o give_v he_o a_o horse_n and_o money_n and_o send_v he_o away_o who_o come_v to_o he_o afraid_a to_o be_v punish_v joyful_a of_o his_o reward_n and_o make_v he_o doubtless_o for_o the_o future_a a_o faithful_a as_o well_o as_o a_o stout_a soldier_n 37_o when_o king_n philip_n understand_v that_o a_o certain_a good_a warrior_n name_v pythia_n hate_v he_o because_o have_v three_o daughter_n to_o maintain_v he_o be_v poor_a and_o can_v not_o well_o provide_v for_o they_o and_o the_o king_n give_v he_o no_o assistance_n beside_o some_o warn_v he_o to_o take_v heed_n of_o he_o he_o answer_v what_o if_o i_o shall_v have_v some_o part_n of_o my_o body_n disease_v will_v i_o not_o rather_o heal_v it_o than_o cut_v it_o off_o he_o send_v therefore_o for_o this_o pythia_n secret_o inquire_v of_o his_o estate_n and_o condition_n and_o furnish_v he_o with_o money_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o oblige_v he_o to_o be_v both_o a_o better_a and_o more_o faithful_a friend_n and_o servant_n than_o before_o 38._o t._n runitius_n crispinus_n after_o the_o unhappy_a encounter_n with_o hannibal_n in_o which_o he_o lose_v his_o partner_n marcellus_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o conqueror_n have_v get_v the_o seal_n of_o the_o slay_a consul_n send_v letter_n all_o over_o italy_n not_o to_o give_v credit_n to_o the_o letter_n that_o be_v seal_v with_o the_o signet_n of_o marcellus_n by_o this_o seasonable_a advice_n he_o prevent_v the_o cunning_a of_o hannibal_n who_o endeavour_v in_o vain_a to_o get_v into_o his_o hand_n the_o town_n of_o salapia_n and_o other_o place_n of_o italy_n 39_o after_o the_o defeat_n of_o cannae_n the_o roman_a courage_n be_v so_o abate_v that_o some_o authentic_a author_n have_v leave_v upon_o record_n that_o a_o great_a many_o that_o remain_v alive_a put_v it_o in_o deliberation_n whether_o they_o shall_v forsake_v italy_n then_o do_v p._n scipio_n a_o very_a young_a man_n offer_v violence_n to_o he_o who_o propose_v such_o a_o thing_n in_o a_o assembly_n and_o public_o declare_v that_o he_o will_v kill_v he_o with_o his_o own_o hand_n unless_o he_o do_v swear_v that_o he_o have_v a_o resolution_n never_o to_o forsake_v the_o commonwealth_n when_o this_o man_n have_v first_o bind_v himself_o by_o a_o oath_n he_o draw_v his_o sword_n and_o threaten_a death_n to_o a_o near_a kinsman_n unless_o he_o do_v also_o take_v the_o same_o oath_n he_o force_v he_o for_o fear_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n be_v lead_v by_o the_o same_o example_n to_o swear_v the_o same_o thing_n 40._o when_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o volosci_n be_v near_o to_o a_o wood_n and_o a_o place_n full_a of_o briar_n and_o thorn_n camillus_n carry_v all_o that_o will_v take_v fire_n as_o far_o as_o their_o work_n and_o set_v they_o in_o a_o flame_n and_o drive_v they_o from_o their_o camp_n 41._o p._n crassus_n in_o the_o war_n of_o the_o confederate_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n be_v surprise_v and_o undo_v with_o almost_o all_o his_o force_n 42._o when_o q._n metellus_n be_v to_o remove_v his_o camp_n in_o spain_n and_o that_o the_o soldier_n who_o be_v to_o march_v keep_v themselves_o still_o in_o their_o camp_n hennocrates_n have_v relate_v that_o they_o be_v order_v to_o abide_v till_o the_o next_o day_n and_o by_o that_o short_a rest_n become_v more_o fit_a for_o the_o fight_n than_o his_o people_n so_o that_o by_o this_o mean_v metellus_n make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war._n 43._o miltiades_n when_o he_o have_v put_v to_o flight_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o persian_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o marathon_n oblige_v the_o athenian_n who_o be_v willing_a to_o continue_v there_o some_o time_n to_o rejoice_v at_o the_o victory_n to_o depart_v and_o speedy_o relieve_v their_o city_n against_o which_o the_o persian_a fleet_n be_v sail_v he_o prevent_v they_o and_o fill_v the_o wall_n with_o arm_a man_n when_o the_o persian_n come_v they_o imagine_v the_o athenian_n to_o be_v very_o numerous_a and_o that_o they_o have_v yet_o a_o army_n at_o marathon_n as_o well_o as_o at_o athens_n therefore_o they_o sudden_o turn_v about_o and_o sail_v back_o into_o asia_n 44._o pisistratus_n the_o athenian_a when_o he_o have_v take_v the_o fleet_n of_o megara_n bring_v by_o night_n eleusis_n to_o catch_v the_o athenian_a dame_n who_o use_v to_o do_v honour_n to_o the_o goddess_n ceres_n and_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n take_v their_o ship_n and_o fill_v they_o with_o athenian_a soldier_n place_v upon_o the_o deck_v some_o of_o the_o woman_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o prisoner_n with_o which_o appearance_n they_o of_o megara_n be_v deceive_v and_o imagine_v that_o their_o man_n be_v return_v with_o success_n come_v throng_v out_o of_o the_o city_n to_o meet_v and_o welcome_v they_o then_o do_v pisistratus_n fall_v upon_o they_o unarm_v and_o again_o make_v a_o great_a destruction_n of_o they_o 45._o cinion_n the_o athenian_a general_n when_o he_o have_v overcome_v the_o persian_a fleet_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o cyprus_n cause_v his_o man_n to_o
horse_n and_o foot_n than_o bajazet_n some_o reckon_v 300000_o horse_n and_o 400000_o foot_n in_o tamerlans_n army_n whereas_o in_o bajazet_n army_n be_v 140000_o horse_n beside_o 30000_o mamaluck_v and_o 30000_o janissary_n and_o above_o 100000_o other_o soldier_n but_o old_a and_o experience_a in_o war._n tamerlan_n therefore_o resolve_v to_o fight_v on_o horseback_n and_o so_o to_o draw_v up_o his_o numerous_a army_n that_o they_o may_v all_o be_v serviceable_a in_o their_o order_n and_o weary_a the_o valiant_a enemy_n with_o the_o assault_n of_o fresh_a man_n this_o wise_a and_o politic_a manner_n of_o fight_n undoubtle_o obtain_v for_o he_o the_o victory_n for_o have_v always_o a_o fresh_a body_n of_o man_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o foot_n ready_a to_o fall_v on_o instead_o of_o such_o as_o be_v either_o discourage_v or_o break_v he_o keep_v the_o turk_n so_o long_o in_o play_n that_o they_o be_v tire_v and_o sorce_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o great_a number_n chap._n xxv_o the_o stratagem_n of_o alis_fw-la bassa_n the_o great_a minister_n of_o state_n under_o sultan_n soliman_n bajazet_n elder_a son_n in_o the_o war_n against_o mahomet_n the_o 5_o king_n of_o the_o turk_n after_o the_o departure_n of_o tamerlan_n out_o of_o anatolia_n the_o child_n of_o bajazet_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o much_o of_o his_o dominion_n soliman_n take_v that_o part_n which_o lie_v in_o europe_n isa_n and_o mahomet_n share_v what_o they_o can_v keep_v from_o tamerlans_n lieutenant_n in_o asra_n but_o when_o their_o common_a enemy_n be_v retreat_v they_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o isa_n contend_v with_o his_o brother_n mahomet_n three_o time_n in_o bloody_a fight_v and_o be_v as_o often_o worsted_n and_o force_v to_o fly_v for_o safety_n into_o caramania_n where_o he_o live_v and_o dye_v in_o obscurity_n soliman_n the_o other_o european_a brother_n make_v ready_a a_o strong_a army_n and_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n take_v the_o royal_a city_n of_o prusa_n but_o the_o castle_n be_v defend_v by_o jacub-beg_a a_o stout_a captain_n who_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o submit_v to_o soliman_n without_o speedy_a relief_n send_v a_o messenger_n to_o inform_v mahomet_n of_o his_o distress_n mahomet_n dispatch_v back_o the_o messenger_n with_o a_o letter_n to_o jacub_n and_o assure_v he_o of_o his_o assistance_n the_o messenger_n be_v take_v by_o soliman_n soldier_n and_o bring_v to_o alis-beg_a his_o great_a general_n when_o he_o have_v read_v the_o letter_n he_o counterfeit_v other_o in_o the_o name_n of_o mahomet_n wherein_o he_o commend_v the_o faithfulness_n and_o courage_n of_o jacub_n but_o because_o he_o can_v not_o yet_o send_v he_o any_o succour_n he_o give_v he_o liberty_n to_o deliver_v the_o castle_n upon_o honourable_a term_n this_o counterfeit_a letter_n alis-beg_a find_v mean_n to_o send_v secret_o to_o jacub-beg_a into_o the_o castle_n when_o he_o have_v read_v it_o he_o hang_v out_o a_o flag_n of_o truce_n and_o desire_v a_o parley_n with_o soliman_n and_o according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o letter_n he_o deliver_v up_o his_o castle_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o mahomet_n who_o be_v within_o one_o day_n journey_n of_o prusa_n ready_a with_o a_o stout_a army_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o besieger_n and_o force_v his_o way_n to_o the_o castle_n soliman_n after_o the_o surrender_n of_o this_o strong_a place_n disperse_v his_o army_n as_o soon_o as_o mahomet_n hear_v of_o it_o he_o make_v speed_n to_o surprise_v his_o brother_n who_o mind_v more_o his_o pleasure_n than_o the_o war._n but_o soliman_n be_v advertise_v by_o one_o of_o his_o commander_n of_o his_o brother_n come_v at_o that_o time_n when_o he_o can_v not_o well_o resist_v he_o consult_v how_o to_o run_v away_o and_o sail_v over_o into_o europe_n but_o from_o such_o a_o disgraceful_a flight_n he_o be_v dissuade_v by_o alis-bassa_n his_o great_a councillor_n because_o it_o be_v like_a to_o discourage_v all_o his_o friend_n in_o asia_n and_o ruin_v his_o interest_n there_o but_o he_o advise_v he_o to_o make_v speed_n and_o post_v himself_o with_o his_o small_a company_n about_o the_o strait_n of_o neapolis_n there_o to_o keep_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o country_n which_o good_a advice_n he_o follow_v and_o beat_v off_o his_o brother_n mahomet_n who_o he_o hinder_v from_o pass_v any_o further_o whilst_o he_o there_o lay_v alis-beg_a doubt_v of_o his_o master_n strength_n resolve_v to_o try_v what_o he_o can_v do_v by_o cunning_a he_o send_v one_o of_o his_o trusty_a servant_n to_o mahomet_n to_o inform_v he_o that_o most_o of_o his_o great_a captain_n have_v design_v and_o agree_v among_o themselves_o to_o deliver_v he_o up_o to_o soliman_n his_o elder_a brother_n and_o the_o undoubted_a heir_n of_o his_o father_n and_o therefore_o will_v he_o to_o stand_v upon_o his_o guard_n notwithstanding_o this_o advice_n he_o cause_v several_a assault_n to_o be_v make_v to_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o mountain_n but_o be_v as_o often_o repulse_v at_o last_o when_o one_o of_o his_o menial_a servant_n flee_v to_o soliman_n he_o begin_v to_o be_v jealous_a of_o the_o rest_n therefore_o fear_v treachery_n and_o be_v otherwise_o incommodate_v by_o the_o wet_a wether_n he_o depart_v back_o to_o amasia_n and_o deliver_v his_o brother_n from_o a_o great_a fear_n of_o be_v take_v by_o he_o this_o civil_a war_n last_v several_a year_n first_o between_o isa_n and_o mahomet_n next_o between_o mahomet_n and_o soliman_n then_o between_o soliman_n and_o musa_n who_o take_v and_o strangle_v soliman_n in_o europe_n at_o last_o the_o contention_n be_v between_o musa_n and_o mahomet_n who_o after_o the_o death_n of_o all_o his_o other_o three_o brother_n succeed_v to_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o old_a bajazet_n decease_v in_o chain_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o brave_a exploit_n of_o huniades_n the_o hungarian_a in_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n against_o the_o turk_n hvniades_n by_o his_o valour_n and_o wisdom_n raise_v himself_o in_o the_o esteem_n and_o favour_n of_o vladislaus_n first_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o afterward_o choose_a king_n of_o hungary_n about_o the_o year_n 1440._o so_o that_o vladislaus_n make_v he_o vayvod_n of_o transilvania_n at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o the_o government_n he_o secure_v all_o the_o passage_n and_o border_n with_o good_a garrison_n because_o he_o have_v a_o unquiet_a and_o cruel_a neighbour_n isa-beg_a who_o command_v in_o rascia_fw-la and_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o servia_n for_o amurath_n this_o isa-beg_a have_v often_o by_o the_o command_n of_o his_o prince_n invade_v the_o christian_n country_n and_o put_v all_o to_o fire_n sword_n and_o woeful_a desolation_n the_o more_o to_o distress_n belgrade_n and_o other_o frontier_n city_n of_o hungary_n huniades_n with_o one_o nicholas_n vilach_n raise_v a_o considerable_a army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o march_v with_o they_o into_o isa_n government_n between_o belgrade_n and_o sinderovia_n to_o requite_v the_o turk_n cruelty_n isa_n meet_v he_o with_o such_o force_n as_o he_o have_v then_o not_o inferior_a in_o number_n to_o the_o christian_n at_o the_o first_o onset_n huniades_n army_n retreat_v behind_o the_o man_n at_o arm_n who_o fierceness_n and_o undaunted_a courage_n the_o turk_n can_v not_o long_o endure_v but_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v so_o that_o isa_n to_o save_v himself_o return_v to_o sinderovia_n with_o more_o speed_n than_o he_o come_v from_o thence_o huniades_n after_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o much_o rich_a spoil_n and_o many_o prisoner_n return_v to_o belgrade_n where_o amurath_n displeasure_n isa_n loss_n and_o defeat_n will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o rest_v long_o for_o this_o angry_a turk_n have_v raise_v a_o numerous_a army_n of_o valiant_a soldier_n send_v with_o they_o mesites_n his_o general_n to_o spoil_v and_o subdue_v transilvania_n mestte_n come_v into_o the_o country_n on_o a_o sudden_a before_o huniades_n be_v well_o able_a to_o oppose_v he_o he_o put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n at_o his_o first_o entrance_n and_o destroy_v by_o fire_n the_o town_n and_o village_n to_o make_v himself_o more_o dreadful_a to_o the_o inhabitant_n huniades_n in_o this_o distress_n be_v force_v to_o fly_v to_o alba_n jula_n to_o the_o bishop_n of_o that_o city_n george_n lepe_n with_o a_o intent_n by_o his_o assistance_n to_o raise_v a_o army_n but_o be_v follow_v by_o the_o turk_n speedy_a march_n before_o they_o can_v be_v provide_v they_o be_v both_o besiege_v in_o the_o city_n by_o the_o enemy_n who_o spoil_v all_o the_o country_n round_o about_o huniades_n and_o the_o bishop_n sally_v out_o upon_o they_o but_o be_v force_v by_o a_o ambush_n to_o retreat_n the_o bishop_n be_v slay_v but_o huniades_n save_v himself_o go_v all_o about_o his_o government_n and_o gather_v what_o power_n he_o can_v make_v up_o persuade_v the_o people_n to_o venture_v themselves_o in_o the_o just_a defence_n
such_o time_n as_o they_o shall_v see_v that_o the_o fight_n be_v begin_v and_o that_o then_o they_o shall_v fall_v upon_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o turk_n this_o order_n be_v so_o exact_o obey_v that_o the_o turk_n have_v the_o enemy_n before_o and_o behind_o be_v beset_v by_o a_o small_a number_n yet_o they_o do_v fight_v valiant_o until_o a_o fresh_a supply_n from_o the_o rear_n come_v and_o break_v in_o upon_o the_o turk_n force_v they_o to_o fly_v kill_v in_o the_o pursuit_n and_o battle_n two_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o and_o two_o thousand_o take_v prisoner_n with_o all_o the_o turk_n tent_n and_o riches_n after_o this_o great_a slaughter_n scanderbag_n mount_v his_o footman_n upon_o the_o turk_n horse_n and_o with_o all_o his_o army_n he_o plunder_v miserable_o a_o great_a part_n of_o macedonia_n and_o enrich_v his_o soldier_n this_o great_a victory_n make_v scanderbeg_n name_v to_o be_v famous_a all_o over_o the_o court_n of_o the_o christian_a prince_n so_o that_o in_o a_o general_a confederacy_n between_o they_o for_o the_o oppose_a of_o amurath_n scanderbag_n be_v entreat_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o party_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o raise_v a_o army_n and_o intend_v to_o assist_v vladislaus_n at_o the_o great_a and_o unhappy_a battle_n at_o varna_n but_o his_o passage_n be_v stop_v by_o the_o faithless_a despot_n of_o servia_n after_o that_o overthrow_n amurath_n send_v ferise_n bassa_n to_o spoil_n epirus_n with_o 9000_o horse_n but_o scanderbag_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o speedy_a come_n he_o put_v 1500_o stout_a footman_n in_o ambush_n upon_o the_o mountain_n and_o narrow_a way_n that_o lead_v into_o the_o valley_n of_o mocrea_n where_o the_o turk_n be_v to_o pass_v these_o footman_n set_v upon_o the_o turkish_a cavalry_n in_o such_o place_n where_o they_o can_v not_o use_v their_o horse_n that_o they_o be_v all_o rout_v and_o slay_v and_o pursue_v by_o two_o thousand_o horse_n which_o scanderbag_n have_v there_o for_o the_o purpose_n ferise_n save_v himself_o by_o flight_n with_o his_o break_a troop_n when_o amurath_n hear_v of_o this_o overthrow_n he_o send_v one_o mustapha_n another_o captain_n with_o a_o recruit_v of_o 6000_o horse_n to_o succeed_v ferise_n in_o his_o government_n with_o order_n to_o burn_v and_o spoil_v as_o much_o of_o epirus_n as_o he_o can_v mustapha_n a_o wary_a captain_n come_v with_o his_o troop_n into_o the_o valley_n of_o moerea_n where_o he_o lie_v strong_o encamp_v in_o his_o trench_n every_o night_n have_v place_v scout_n and_o sentinel_n all_o round_a upon_o the_o hill_n to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n come_v with_o 4000_o horseman_n he_o keep_v his_o camp_n and_o send_v out_o the_o rest_n in_o party_n to_o spoil_v the_o country_n with_o express_a order_n upon_o pain_n of_o death_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o upon_o the_o first_o notice_n of_o a_o enemy_n scanderbag_n be_v inform_v by_o his_o spy_n of_o mustapha_n wariness_n resolve_v to_o deal_v with_o he_o by_o plain_a force_n therefore_o with_o 4000_o horse_n and_o a_o 1000_o foot_n he_o speedy_o march_v through_o the_o valley_n to_o the_o turk_n camp_n where_o he_o kill_v many_o that_o be_v retreat_v with_o their_o plunder_v and_o then_o assault_v the_o trench_n with_o that_o fury_n and_o resolution_n that_o the_o turk_n be_v beat_v 5000_o be_v kill_v and_o 300_o take_v prisoner_n with_o the_o loss_n only_o of_o twenty_o horseman_n and_o fifty_o foot_n mustapha_n flee_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o force_n to_o his_o government_n of_o macedonia_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o scanderbeg_n valour_n and_o of_o his_o own_o loss_n to_o old_a amurath_n who_o resolve_v to_o suffer_v awhile_o this_o dreadful_a enemy_n to_o live_v in_o peace_n therefore_o he_o command_v mustapha_n not_o to_o molest_v the_o border_n of_o epirus_n but_o only_o to_o defend_v his_o own_o government_n it_o happen_v at_o that_o time_n that_o there_o be_v a_o quarrel_n between_o scanderbag_n and_o the_o venetian_n and_o a_o open_a war_n proclaim_v when_o mustapha_n see_v that_o scanderbeg_n force_n be_v employ_v against_o the_o venetian_n he_o beg_v leave_v of_o amurath_n to_o try_v once_o more_o his_o fortune_n against_o scanderbag_n for_o that_o purpose_n with_o a_o numerous_a army_n he_o enter_v into_o epirus_n when_o scanderbag_n be_v besiege_v the_o town_n of_o dayna_n where_o he_o leave_v some_o force_n with_o amesa_n to_o continue_v the_o siege_n and_o with_o 500_o horse_n and_o 1500_o foot_n he_o go_v to_o find_v out_o mustapha_n encamp_v in_o the_o upper_a country_n of_o dibra_n out_o of_o the_o garrison_n he_o recruit_v and_o increase_v his_o small_a number_n to_o 4000_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n all_o old_a soldier_n when_o both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n a_o turk_n advantageous_o mount_v come_v out_o of_o the_o turk_n army_n to_o challenge_v any_o christian_n to_o fight_v with_o he_o his_o name_n be_v caragusa_n one_o paul_n manessi_fw-it desire_a scanderbag_n that_o he_o may_v be_v the_o man_n to_o encounter_v with_o this_o turk_n which_o be_v grant_v at_o the_o first_o blow_n he_o wound_v he_o grievous_o in_o the_o head_n and_o cut_v it_o off_o which_o when_o he_o have_v do_v he_o take_v his_o spoil_n and_o return_v with_o great_a acclamation_n of_o the_o christian_a army_n to_o scanderbag_n who_o see_v how_o much_o this_o have_v encourage_v his_o man_n set_z forward_z against_o the_o turk_n and_o with_o a_o invincible_a courage_n beat_v they_o out_o of_o the_o field_n take_v mustapha_n prisoner_n kill_v 12000_o man_n whereas_o of_o his_o own_o army_n there_o be_v but_o 300_o slay_v the_o plunder_n of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n he_o always_o bestow_v upon_o his_o soldier_n who_o meet_v there_o with_o great_a riches_n and_o according_a to_o his_o custom_n enter_v again_o into_o the_o turk_n dominion_n to_o plunder_v and_o burn_v the_o country_n amurath_n grieve_v at_o so_o many_o loss_n resolve_n with_o a_o mighty_a army_n to_o march_v into_o epirus_n himself_o and_o try_v his_o own_o fortune_n against_o this_o crafty_a warrior_n scanderbag_n who_o have_v notice_n of_o his_o come_n make_v all_o thing_n ready_a he_o crave_v aid_n of_o all_o his_o christian_a neighbour_n fill_v his_o town_n with_o food_n provision_n and_o arm_n repair_v all_o the_o decay_a fortification_n and_o gather_v a_o army_n of_o 10000_o man_n to_o attend_v upon_o he_o leave_v sufficient_a garrison_n in_o every_o city_n amurath_n have_v in_o his_o army_n one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o men._n he_o send_v forty_o thousand_o before_o he_o to_o stifegrade_v to_o make_v preparation_n for_o his_o come_n scanderbag_n march_v thither_o with_o 4000_o horseman_n a_o thousand_o foot_n and_o strong_o encamp_v himself_o within_o seven_o mile_n of_o the_o city_n from_o his_o camp_n he_o go_v up_o with_o some_o of_o his_o captain_n to_o the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n as_o near_o as_o he_o can_v to_o see_v how_o the_o turk_n lie_v before_o stifegrade_v at_o his_o return_n he_o draw_v out_o his_o small_a army_n and_o place_v they_o in_o the_o wood_n not_o far_o from_o the_o city_n unto_o which_o he_o send_v moses_n and_o musachi_n with_o about_o 30_o horseman_n to_o drive_v some_o horse_n load_v with_o corn_n as_o if_o they_o have_v purpose_v secret_o to_o get_v into_o the_o city_n when_o the_o turk_n scout_n perceive_v they_o they_o charge_v they_o but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o five_o man_n which_o give_v the_o alarm_n to_o the_o turk_n who_o march_v out_o to_o pursue_v they_o in_o number_n about_o 4000_o moses_n politic_o draw_v they_o away_o from_o their_o camp_n to_o the_o place_n where_o scanderbag_n lie_v in_o ambush_n he_o rise_v with_o his_o man_n set_v upon_o they_o with_o that_o fury_n that_o he_o kill_v 2000_o and_o take_v a_o thousand_o horse_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o two_o and_o twenty_o of_o his_o own_o men._n amurath_n come_v before_o stifegrade_v in_o may_n 1449._o he_o batter_v and_o assault_v the_o town_n with_o the_o slaughter_n of_o vast_a number_n of_o his_o best_a man_n during_o which_o time_n scanderbag_n often_o break_v into_o one_o part_n or_o other_o of_o his_o camp_n make_v a_o terrible_a destruction_n and_o then_o again_o retreat_v with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n at_o one_o time_n when_o amurath_n be_v give_v a_o assault_n to_o the_o city_n scanderbag_n be_v discover_v draw_v near_o to_o the_o turk_n camp_n and_o by_o amurath_n order_n be_v meet_v with_o by_o feri-bassa_n who_o long_o desire_v to_o fight_v with_o scanderbag_n be_v by_o he_o slay_v and_o his_o army_n rout_v with_o great_a loss_n but_o because_o all_o the_o turk_n army_n be_v at_o hand_n he_o speedy_o retreat_v from_o thence_o with_o his_o victorious_a army_n stifegrade_v be_v afterward_o betray_v and_o surrender_v but_o amurath_n lose_v before_o the_o city_n 30000_o of_o his_o best_a men._n at_o his_o
to_o besiege_v or_o annoy_v the_o town_n for_o it_o be_v erect_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n issell_n when_o therefore_o prince_n maurice_n have_v a_o design_n upon_o that_o place_n he_o procure_v a_o dozen_o young_a gentleman_n of_o a_o feminine_a gountenance_n to_o be_v apparel_v as_o country_n maid_n and_o to_o carry_v thither_o butter_n egg_n poultry_n and_o other_o such_o country-commodity_n to_o be_v sell_v to_o the_o garrison_n soldier_n they_o coming_z to_o the_o wall_n to_o buy_v these_o provision_n sound_v the_o disguise_a virgin_n very_o tractable_a and_o judge_v they_o fit_a for_o their_o lust_n they_o receive_v they_o into_o the_o fort_n and_o offer_v they_o drink_v to_o make_v they_o more_o pliable_a for_o their_o purpose_n as_o the_o soldier_n be_v busy_a in_o their_o courtship_n these_o young_a and_o stout_a soldier_n draw_v from_o under_o their_o petticoat_n a_o long_a knife_n make_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o stab_v the_o soldier_n who_o sit_v next_o to_o they_o then_o rise_v together_o with_o such_o arm_n we_o they_o sieze_v next_o to_o thame_n they_o encounter_v with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o guard_n and_o cut_v they_o all_o off_o deliver_v the_o strong_a port_n to_o their_o companion_n who_o wait_v near_o at_o hand_n to_o give_v they_o their_o ready_a assistance_n the_o take_n of_o this_o sconce_n so_o discourage_v the_o garrison_n of_o the_o town_n that_o they_o yield_v in_o few_o day_n after_o to_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n such_o disguise_n have_v often_o prove_v successful_a when_o the_o business_n and_o design_n have_v be_v manage_v with_o care_n and_o discretion_n wariness_n and_o courage_n another_o town_n in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v take_v by_o a_o party_n of_o soldier_n apparel_v as_o country_n maid_n and_o by_o they_o the_o guard_n be_v sudden_o overpowr_v and_o a_o gate_n seize_v to_o let_v in_o the_o enemy_n at_o hand_n but_o the_o least_o disappointment_n spoil_v all_o the_o design_n and_o destroy_v the_o bold_a adventurer_n who_o must_v expect_v no_o pardon_n or_o quarter_n after_o such_o a_o dangerous_a hypocrisy_n chap._n lv._o how_o spinola_n be_v army_n be_v like_a to_o be_v rout_v when_o they_o first_o sit_v down_o before_o the_o wall_n of_o bergen-op-zone_n the_o governor_n of_o the_o city_n a_o politic_a commander_n resolve_v to_o sally_v out_o upon_o the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o first_o come_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n and_o to_o terrify_v they_o the_o more_o he_o increase_v the_o appearance_n of_o his_o army_n with_o a_o show_n of_o arm_a troop_n beside_o those_o that_o he_o have_v real_a his_o horse_n and_o foot_n be_v to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n out_o of_o one_o gate_n and_o out_o of_o another_o he_o cause_v all_o the_o weak_a jade_n of_o the_o town_n be_v mount_v by_o boy_n and_o useless_a fellow_n to_o march_v leisurely_o out_o and_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o other_o force_n these_o be_v to_o discover_v themselves_o at_o a_o distance_n after_o the_o first_o or_o second_o charge_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v weary_a the_o spaniard_n have_v beat_v back_o the_o defendant_n but_o the_o unexpected_a sight_n of_o these_o deceitful_a force_n so_o trouble_v they_o that_o they_o sudden_o leave_v the_o chase_n and_o retire_v behind_o their_o trench_n in_o some_o disorder_n and_o have_v the_o state_n soldier_n be_v provide_v with_o ammunition_n and_o bullet_n to_o have_v give_v at_o that_o instant_n another_o charge_n spinola_n army_n have_v be_v then_o total_o rout_v and_o the_o city_n free_v from_o a_o troublesome_a siege_n caap._n lvi_o how_o a_o army_n have_v be_v discourage_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o fight_n at_o muscleborough_n field_n when_o both_o army_n be_v fierce_o engage_v there_o be_v cunning_o a_o rumour_n spread_v among_o the_o enemy_n that_o their_o general_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o other_o wing_n and_o part_n of_o their_o force_n cut_v off_o and_o rout_v which_o report_n so_o terrify_v they_o that_o they_o immediate_o give_v ground_n and_o begin_v to_o run_v this_o policy_n have_v be_v often_o use_v when_o it_o be_v know_v that_o the_o general_n be_v not_o present_a and_o sometime_o after_o the_o first_o charge_n a_o army_n have_v cry_v out_o look_v how_o they_o run_v in_o the_o rear_n such_o word_n and_o false_a report_n have_v disorder_v and_o defeat_v the_o best_a and_o most_o resolute_a army_n for_o the_o least_o sear_n discourage_v soldier_n in_o such_o a_o critical_a time_n and_o disinable_v they_o from_o pursue_v the_o victory_n so_o that_o as_o it_o have_v always_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o well_o advise_v general_n by_o sudden_a attempt_n stratagem_n rumour_n and_o other_o art_n to_o terrify_v their_o enemy_n it_o have_v be_v the_o endeavour_n of_o wise_a commander_n to_o prevent_v fear_n from_o discourage_v their_o force_n and_o to_o secure_v their_o mind_n against_o all_o sudden_a accident_n which_o they_o can_v foresee_v by_o their_o advice_n and_o command_n and_o by_o the_o steadiness_n of_o their_o own_o resolution_n and_o wise_a order_n chap._n lvii_o how_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n get_v the_o possession_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o ground_n which_o they_o know_v be_v fit_a for_o they_o to_o build_v a_o fort_n to_o distress_v the_o enemy_n town_n and_o stop_v the_o passage_n of_o two_o great_a river_n there_o be_v between_o the_o wale_n and_o the_o leck_n two_o great_a river_n a_o piece_n of_o ground_n advance_v into_o the_o sea_n the_o hollander_n perceive_v that_o it_o may_v be_v beneficial_a to_o they_o and_o their_o design_n against_o the_o spaniard_n if_o they_o can_v get_v it_o resolve_v by_o policy_n to_o gain_v possession_n of_o it_o round_o about_o be_v the_o enemy_n castle_n and_o garrison_n which_o will_v infallible_o oppose_v any_o such_o motion_n if_o they_o come_v to_o understand_v it_o therefore_o to_o conceal_v their_o intent_n from_o they_o they_o deal_v with_o a_o country_n fellow_n name_v skink_o to_o hire_v that_o piece_n of_o ground_n for_o some_o year_n to_o feed_v his_o colt_n and_o to_o secure_v they_o the_o better_a they_o order_v he_o to_o raise_v a_o wall_n and_o dig_v a_o deep_a ditch_n from_o one_o river_n to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v about_o 400_o rod_n be_v the_o only_a passage_n by_o land_n to_o that_o place_n when_o this_o be_v finish_v the_o hollander_n come_v by_o night_n sail_v up_o the_o river_n and_o land_v such_o force_n as_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v the_o place_n until_o they_o have_v build_v a_o strong_a fort_n or_o sconce_n to_o secure_v it_o from_o the_o spaniard_n who_o find_v themselves_o outwitted_a and_o perceive_v the_o importance_n of_o the_o place_n they_o labour_v to_o re-take_a it_o again_o this_o be_v that_o fort_n name_v skink_o sconce_n so_o famous_a for_o a_o long_a siege_n in_o the_o late_a holland_n war._n chap._n lviii_o how_o the_o town_n of_o manheim_n be_v surprise_v by_o duke_n bernard_n of_o saxonweymar_n this_o town_n be_v situate_a upon_o the_o great_a river_n of_o rhine_n and_o one_o of_o the_o strong_a of_o the_o pallatinate_n duke_n bernard_n desire_v earnest_o to_o have_v it_o in_o his_o possession_n but_o be_v loath_a to_o venture_v his_o reputation_n with_o his_o army_n in_o besiege_v it_o know_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o town_n and_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o garrison_n he_o therefore_o endeavour_v to_o get_v it_o by_o policy_n he_o take_v with_o he_o five_o hundred_o man_n in_o the_o night_n and_o so_o order_v his_o march_n that_o he_o come_v before_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o morning_n a_o hour_n or_o two_o before_o day_n and_o send_v in_o word_n to_o the_o governor_n that_o he_o be_v a_o commander_n of_o a_o neighbour_a garrison_n of_o their_o side_n name_v his_o name_n and_o that_o have_v adventure_v out_o with_o a_o party_n upon_o some_o important_a design_n he_o be_v overpowr_v and_o beat_v in_o by_o a_o strong_a party_n of_o swede_n who_o follow_v he_o and_o therefore_o force_v to_o seek_v a_o refuge_n within_o the_o wall_n of_o manheim_n from_o the_o swedish_n violence_n desire_v he_o earnest_o to_o cause_v his_o gate_n to_o be_v open_v to_o let_v he_o and_o his_o soldier_n in_o with_o speed_n because_o the_o swede_n be_v then_o at_o hand_n ready_a to_o fall_v upon_o and_o cut_v off_o his_o rear_n maravelli_n the_o governor_n believe_v all_o this_o to_o be_v true_a and_o command_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v open_v and_o a_o passage_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o town_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n be_v within_o he_o cut_v off_o the_o main_a guard_n with_o three_o hundred_o soldier_n take_v the_o governor_n prisoner_n and_o the_o chief_a officer_n and_o win_v the_o town_n which_o can_v not_o have_v be_v otherwise_o take_v without_o a_o chargeable_a and_o long_a siege_n chap._n lix_n tamerlan_n be_v policy_n to_o oblige_v the_o town_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o with_o speed_n it_o
the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n or_o a_o collection_n of_o the_o most_o celebrate_a practice_n and_o wise_a say_n of_o the_o great_a general_n in_o former_a age_n write_a by_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n one_o of_o the_o roman_a consul_n now_o english_v and_o enlarge_v with_o a_o new_a collection_n of_o the_o most_o note_a stratagem_n and_o brave_a exploit_n of_o famous_a and_o modern_a general_n and_o with_o a_o short_a account_n of_o the_o weapon_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a and_o engine_n common_o use_v in_o war_n with_o their_o usefulness_n and_o deficiency_n by_o m._n d._n a._n b._n d._n license_v july_n 28._o 1685._o ro._n l'estrange_n london_n print_v for_o s._n heyrick_n j._n place_n and_o r._n sare_n at_o grays-inn_n gate_n and_o furnivals-inn_n gate_n in_o holborn_n 1686._o the_o preface_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n to_o his_o first_o three_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n have_v undertake_v among_o some_o other_o lover_n and_o encourager_n of_o the_o art_n of_o war_n war._n he_o write_v a_o book_n of_o the_o art_n of_o war._n to_o prescribe_v and_o publish_v the_o rule_n of_o that_o excellent_a knowledge_n i_o conceive_v that_o i_o have_v sufficient_o accomplish_v my_o design_n according_a to_o my_o ability_n but_o to_o this_o work_n i_o judge_v also_o that_o i_o ought_v to_o annex_v the_o subtle_a practice_n of_o great_a captain_n which_o the_o greek_n in_o one_o word_n stile_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o stratagem_n and_o to_o gather_v they_o together_o in_o short_a and_o compendious_a relation_n for_o by_o this_o mean_n leader_n may_v be_v furnish_v with_o the_o example_n of_o advice_n prudence_n and_o conduct_n which_o may_v encourage_v their_o invention_n and_o direct_v they_o to_o the_o imitation_n of_o the_o same_o exploit_n and_o it_o will_v undoubted_o prevent_v their_o distrust_n of_o their_o own_o contrivance_n when_o they_o have_v approve_v example_n before_o their_o eye_n to_o spur_v on_o their_o resolution_n now_o i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a and_o can_v deny_v that_o the_o historian_n have_v also_o comprehend_v in_o their_o write_n the_o same_o passage_n and_o have_v deliver_v to_o we_o all_o the_o most_o remarkable_a example_n but_o in_o my_o judgement_n we_o ought_v in_o this_o case_n to_o consult_v the_o conveniency_n of_o such_o as_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o speed_n and_o action_n for_o who_o it_o will_v be_v then_o too_o tedious_a to_o run_v over_o all_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v scatter_v here_o and_o there_o in_o the_o large_a volume_n of_o history_n and_o it_o usual_o happen_v that_o such_o as_o have_v gather_v and_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o most_o note_a thing_n do_v lose_v and_o forget_v they_o as_o in_o a_o multitude_n of_o matter_n which_o confound_v the_o reader_n our_o industry_n therefore_o shall_v here_o endeavour_v to_o exhibit_v and_o lay_v down_o that_o which_o be_v require_v according_a to_o expectation_n as_o exact_o as_o the_o thing_n will_v suffer_v for_o to_o the_o general_a head_n which_o i_o have_v gather_v i_o have_v prepare_v fit_a advice_n and_o counsel_n from_o example_n and_o that_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v differ_v may_v be_v place_v in_o good_a order_n for_o the_o variety-sake_n of_o thing_n we_o have_v reduce_v they_o to_o three_o book_n in_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v the_o example_n which_o belong_v to_o a_o battle_n not_o yet_o begin_v in_o the_o second_o shall_v be_v the_o example_n which_o relate_v to_o a_o fight_n and_o the_o conclude_v of_o a_o peace_n the_o three_o contain_v the_o stratagem_n teach_v how_o to_o begin_v carry_v on_o and_o raise_v a_o siege_n now_o under_o these_o general_a head_n i_o have_v place_v certain_a question_n or_o proposition_n as_o so_o many_o species_n relate_v to_o they_o nevertheless_o i_o may_v with_o reason_n crave_v pardon_n for_o this_o work_n from_o he_o that_o shall_v find_v i_o not_o so_o curious_a and_o exact_a as_o to_o set_v down_o every_o example_n for_o who_o be_v there_o able_a and_o sufficient_a to_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o passage_n and_o story_n which_o be_v deliver_v to_o we_o in_o greek_a and_o latin_a therefore_o i_o have_v purposely_o omit_v many_o thing_n which_o such_o as_o have_v read_v over_o the_o book_n of_o other_o who_o have_v undertake_v the_o same_o thing_n may_v understand_v to_o have_v be_v do_v not_o without_o good_a cause_n but_o it_o will_v be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o reduce_v every_o thing_n to_o its_o own_o species_n for_o as_o i_o have_v undertake_v this_o work_n as_o well_o as_o other_o not_o so_o much_o for_o my_o own_o commendation_n as_o for_o the_o benefit_n of_o other_o man_n i_o shall_v think_v myself_o assist_v in_o my_o purpose_n by_o those_o who_o can_v add_v to_o it_o but_o in_o no_o wise_a disgrace_v if_o there_o be_v any_o delight_v with_o the_o perusal_n of_o these_o story_n let_v they_o remember_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o noble_a action_n of_o former_a general_n and_o their_o cunning_a policy_n and_o stratagem_n that_o they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v and_o distinguish_v the_o like_a deed_n for_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v perform_v by_o a_o leader_n in_o a_o provident_a useful_a courageous_a and_o a_o magnificent_a manner_n may_v be_v style_v general_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d but_o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o stratagem_n be_v more_o particular_a deed_n the_o nature_n of_o they_o consist_v in_o that_o art_n and_o subtilty_n use_v in_o defend_v ourselves_o from_o a_o enemy_n or_o in_o overcome_v he_o concern_v which_o thing_n there_o have_v be_v remarkable_a consequence_n of_o excellent_a say_n therefore_o we_o have_v add_v to_o the_o example_n of_o action_n some_o noble_a expression_n now_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v note_v by_o a_o general_n before_o a_o battle_n may_v be_v reduce_v to_o these_o head_n the_o index_n of_o the_o chapter_n chap._n 1._o of_o conceal_v counsel_n chap._n 2._o of_o discover_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o enemy_n chap._n 3._o of_o settle_v the_o state_n of_o war._n chap._n 4._o of_o lead_v a_o army_n through_o a_o country_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n chap._n 5._o of_o escape_v out_o of_o most_o difficult_a place_n chap._n 6._o of_o ambush_n lay_v in_o the_o way_n chap._n 7._o how_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v want_v to_o we_o may_v be_v dissemble_v or_o conceal_v and_o the_o use_v other_o way_n supply_v chap._n 8._o of_o streightning_n a_o enemy_n chap._n 9_o of_o pacify_v the_o disorder_n and_o sedition_n of_o soldier_n chap._n 10._o how_o to_o give_v a_o check_n to_o the_o unseasonable_a impatience_n of_o fight_v chap._n 11._o how_o to_o encourage_v a_o army_n to_o the_o battle_n chap._n 12._o how_o to_o expel_v the_o fear_n which_o soldier_n may_v have_v conceive_v from_o ill_a omen_n the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n a_o roman_a consul_n chap._n i._o of_o conceal_v counsel_n example_n 1._o marcus_n porcius_n cato_n have_v a_o jealousy_n that_o the_o city_n of_o spain_n which_o he_o have_v conquer_v will_v in_o time_n rebel_n out_o of_o a_o confidence_n that_o they_o have_v in_o the_o strength_n of_o their_o wall_n write_v to_o each_o of_o they_o that_o they_o shall_v overthrow_v their_o fortification_n and_o threaten_v they_o with_o war_n if_o they_o do_v not_o immediate_o obey_v his_o order_n the_o letter_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v deliver_v to_o all_o the_o city_n in_o one_o day_n which_o make_v every_o one_o of_o they_o believe_v that_o this_o command_n be_v give_v to_o they_o alone_o for_o if_o they_o can_v have_v have_v all_o time_n to_o know_v that_o they_o be_v all_o threaten_a and_o command_v the_o same_o thing_n they_o will_v have_v unite_v together_o and_o resist_v the_o general_n be_v order_n 2._o when_o himilco_n the_o carthaginian_a captain_n resolve_v to_o land_n in_o sicily_n unexpected_a he_o never_o declare_v whither_o he_o be_v sail_v but_o deliver_v to_o all_o the_o master_n of_o his_o navy_n seal_v letter_n wherein_o be_v write_v the_o place_n which_o he_o be_v design_v for_o but_o command_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v read_v they_o unless_o by_o the_o violence_n of_o a_o storm_n they_o be_v drive_v from_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o admiral_n be_v ship_n which_o carry_v he_o 3._o when_o c._n laelius_n go_v as_o a_o ambassador_n to_o king_n syphax_n he_o take_v along_o with_o he_o some_o of_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n of_o the_o army_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o slave_n and_o servant_n with_o a_o intention_n to_o serve_v as_o spy_n among_o who_o when_o l._n statorius_n who_o have_v very_o often_o be_v in_o the_o same_o camp_n seem_v to_o be_v know_v by_o some_o of_o the_o enemy_n he_o beat_v he_o with_o his_o staff_n and_o correct_v he_o
as_o his_o servant_n only_o to_o conceal_v from_o they_o his_o condition_n 4._o tarqvinius_n superbus_n the_o father_n resolve_v to_o have_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o gabian_o destroy_v will_v not_o intrust_v this_o secret_a with_o any_o person_n and_o answer_v nothing_o to_o his_o son_n messenger_n that_o be_v send_v to_o he_o but_o with_o his_o rod_n strike_v off_o before_o he_o the_o head_n of_o the_o high_a poppy_n as_o he_o be_v then_o by_o chance_n walk_v in_o his_o garden_n the_o messenger_n at_o his_o return_n without_o a_o verbal_a answer_n tell_v the_o young_a tarqvinius_n what_o he_o observe_v that_o his_o father_n do_v he_o understand_v that_o he_o be_v to_o deal_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o the_o most_o note_a person_n of_o his_o government_n 5._o c._n caesar_n be_v in_o egypt_n suspect_v the_o egyptian_n faith_n but_o to_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o he_o trust_v they_o he_o visit_v their_o chief_a city_n and_o work_n frequent_v their_o merry_a feast_n seem_v to_o be_v much_o delight_v with_o the_o conveniency_n of_o the_o place_n and_o to_o imitate_v the_o custom_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v of_o the_o citizen_n of_o alexandria_n but_o during_o all_o this_o dissimulation_n he_o be_v provide_v his_o succour_n and_o troop_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o egypt_n 6._o when_o ventidius_n in_o the_o parthian_a war_n march_v against_o king_n pacorus_n and_o understand_v that_o a_o certain_a pharneus_n of_o cyrrhestre_n in_o syria_n who_o be_v among_o his_o auxiliary_n do_v give_v intelligence_n to_o the_o parthian_a army_n whatsoever_o be_v act_v and_o resolve_v in_o the_o roman_a camp_n he_o take_v occasion_n to_o make_v a_o advantage_n of_o the_o traitor_n perfidiousness_n for_o that_o which_o he_o most_o desire_a to_o be_v do_v he_o pretend_v that_o he_o be_v afraid_a that_o it_o shall_v happen_v and_o that_o which_o he_o fear_v will_v come_v to_o pass_v he_o seem_v to_o wish_v for_o therefore_o fear_v that_o the_o parthian_n will_v pass_v over_o the_o river_n euphrates_n to_o fight_v he_o before_o his_o legion_n can_v come_v up_o to_o he_o out_o of_o cappadocia_n from_o the_o other_o side_n of_o mount_n taurus_n he_o solicit_v the_o traitor_n to_o a_o double_a treachery_n to_o persuade_v the_o parthian_n to_o carry_v their_o army_n over_o that_o part_n of_o euphrates_n that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o zeugma_n where_o the_o river_n leave_v its_o strait_a channel_n turn_v aside_o for_o if_o they_o come_v the_o near_a way_n he_o assure_v they_o that_o ventidius_n will_v make_v use_n of_o the_o hill_n to_o defend_v himself_o and_o army_n from_o the_o parthian_a arrow_n but_o that_o he_o be_v very_o much_o afraid_a if_o they_o take_v the_o plain_a and_o open_a field_n this_o information_n oblige_v they_o to_o march_v the_o under_o way_n and_o to_o bring_v their_o army_n round_o about_o they_o spend_v above_o forty_o day_n in_o side_v along_o the_o large_a bank_n in_o build_v of_o laborious_a bridge_n and_o in_o the_o carriage_n of_o their_o warlike_a instrument_n in_o the_o mean_a space_n ventidius_n have_v time_n to_o call_v together_o his_o troop_n and_o before_o the_o parthian_n be_v in_o sight_n they_o have_v be_v with_o he_o three_o day_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o overcome_v the_o parthian_n in_o battle_n and_o kill_v their_o king_n pacorus_n 7._o when_o pompey_n have_v begin_v to_o draw_v a_o trench_n to_o compass_v in_o mithridates_n with_o his_o army_n he_o prepare_v himself_o to_o fly_v the_o next_o day_n but_o better_a to_o conceal_v this_o design_n from_o the_o roman_n he_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o forage_v far_o and_o near_o and_o to_o the_o place_n adjoin_v to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n and_o appoint_v a_o conference_n the_o next_o day_n with_o several_a of_o pompey_n man_n and_o command_v more_o fire_n to_o be_v make_v every_o where_n in_o his_o trench_n but_o in_o the_o second_o watch_n of_o the_o night_n he_o lead_v out_o his_o whole_a army_n along_o by_o the_o enemy_n camp_n and_o escape_v 8._o the_o emperor_n caesar_n domitianus_n augustus_n surname_v germanicus_n have_v a_o intent_n to_o surprise_v the_o german_n that_o have_v take_v up_o arm_n and_o know_v that_o they_o will_v make_v a_o great_a preparation_n if_o they_o know_v of_o the_o come_n of_o so_o great_a a_o captain_n he_o pretend_v the_o taxation_n or_o the_o muster_n of_o the_o gaul_n to_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o departure_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o overcome_v they_o by_o a_o unexpected_a war_n tame_v the_o fierceness_n of_o barbarous_a nation_n and_o provide_v for_o the_o preservation_n and_o safety_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n 9_o when_o claudius_n nero_n desire_v to_o cut_v in_o piece_n the_o army_n of_o asdrubal_n before_o he_o can_v join_v with_o his_o brother_n hannibal_n he_o endeavour_v by_o hasty_a march_n to_o unite_v with_o the_o other_o consul_n livius_n salinator_n who_o be_v appoint_v to_o oppose_v asdrubal_n because_o he_o mistrust_v the_o force_n that_o be_v under_o his_o command_n yet_o will_v not_o he_o suffer_v hannibal_n who_o he_o be_v to_o oppose_v to_o have_v any_o intelligence_n of_o his_o departure_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o choose_v ten_o thousand_o of_o the_o stout_a soldier_n of_o his_o army_n and_o command_v his_o lieutenant_n who_o he_o leave_v behind_o that_o they_o shall_v place_v the_o same_o sentinel_n and_o watch_n every_o where_o keep_v the_o same_o fire_n burn_v and_o observe_v the_o same_o order_n in_o the_o camp_n as_o when_o he_o be_v present_a that_o hannibal_n may_v not_o suspect_v any_o thing_n nor_o attempt_v upon_o the_o small_a number_n that_o be_v leave_v behind_o for_o his_o part_n he_o go_v by_o secret_a way_n into_o vmbria_n now_o call_v spoletto_n and_o join_v himself_o to_o his_o partner_n but_o give_v order_n that_o the_o camp_n may_v not_o be_v enlarge_v that_o asdrubal_n may_v not_o know_v of_o his_o come_n nor_o refuse_v to_o fight_v the_o force_n of_o both_o consul_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o overcome_v he_o and_o his_o army_n and_o with_o his_o increase_a troop_n have_v overpower_v he_o unaware_o return_v back_o to_o wait_v upon_o the_o motion_n of_o hannibal_n before_o he_o can_v have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o the_o victory_n thus_o he_o deal_v with_o two_o of_o the_o most_o subtle_a general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o one_o he_o overcome_v by_o conceal_v his_o purpose_n the_o other_o by_o his_o valour_n he_o destroy_v 10._o themistocles_n the_o athenian_a captain_n advise_v his_o citizen_n to_o build_v up_o with_o all_o speed_n the_o wall_n which_o the_o spartan_n have_v command_v to_o be_v pull_v down_o and_o to_o the_o lacedaemonian_a ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v to_o interrupt_v the_o work_n he_o answer_v that_o he_o will_v go_v himself_o to_o sparta_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o this_o proceed_n and_o satisfy_v the_o citizen_n at_o his_o arrival_n he_o pretend_v himself_o sick_a and_o by_o that_o mean_v spin_v out_o some_o time_n at_o last_o when_o he_o perceive_v that_o they_o suspect_v and_o understand_v his_o delay_n he_o affirm_v to_o they_o that_o they_o have_v hear_v false_a report_n and_o desire_v they_o to_o send_v some_o of_o their_o chief_a man_n who_o may_v give_v they_o a_o true_a account_n of_o the_o fortification_n of_o athens_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o write_v to_o his_o citizen_n private_o to_o detain_v such_o as_o shall_v come_v until_o their_o work_n be_v finish_v that_o he_o may_v then_o declare_v to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n that_o athens_n be_v fortify_v and_o that_o their_o citizen_n shall_v not_o be_v return_v back_o unless_o they_o give_v he_o liberty_n to_o be_v go_v which_o the_o lacedaemonian_n easy_o grant_v for_o fear_v that_o one_o man_n death_n shall_v be_v punish_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o 11._o l._n furius_n have_v bring_v his_o army_n into_o a_o very_a inconvenient_a place_n he_o resolve_v to_o conceal_v the_o trouble_n of_o his_o mind_n for_o fear_v of_o give_v a_o apprehension_n to_o other_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n give_v order_n to_o his_o army_n to_o march_v aside_o a_o little_a as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v only_o to_o take_v a_o compass_n about_o and_o fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n in_o this_o manner_n he_o bring_v out_o his_o army_n ignorant_a both_o of_o the_o danger_n and_o of_o the_o intent_n of_o his_o order_n into_o a_o safe_a post_n 12._o when_o metellus_n pius_n be_v ask_v in_o spain_n what_o he_o will_v do_v the_o next_o day_n he_o answer_v that_o if_o his_o waistcoat_n can_v tell_v it_o he_o will_v immediate_o cast_v it_o into_o the_o fire_n 13._o m._n licinius_n crassus_n give_v this_o answer_n to_o one_o that_o ask_v he_o at_o what_o time_n he_o will_v remove_v his_o camp_n be_v thou_o afraid_a that_o thou_o shall_v not_o hear_v the_o sound_n of_o the_o trumpet_n or_o the_o signal_n
chap._n ii_o of_o discover_v the_o counsel_n of_o the_o enemy_n example_n 1._o scipio_n africanus_n take_v a_o occasion_n to_o send_v a_o embassy_n to_o king_n syphax_n with_o laelius_n he_o dispatch_v some_o choice_a colonel_n and_o captain_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o servant_n and_o attendant_n to_o spy_v out_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o they_o may_v more_o free_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o let_v loose_v a_o horse_n for_o this_o purpose_n which_o they_o follow_v and_o by_o this_o mean_n go_v round_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o fortification_n of_o which_o when_o they_o have_v give_v a_o account_n to_o scipio_n he_o make_v a_o end_n of_o that_o war_n by_o set_v fire_n to_o their_o camp_n 2._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n in_o the_o hetrurian_a war_n when_o yet_o the_o roman_a captain_n be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o wise_a way_n of_o discover_v order_v his_o brother_n fabius_n caeso_fw-la well_o learned_a in_o the_o hetrurian_a language_n to_o take_v that_o garb_n and_o to_o go_v into_o the_o forest_n of_o ciminia_n unknown_a before_o to_o the_o roman_a soldier_n in_o which_o embassy_n he_o behave_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o prudence_n and_o industry_n that_o he_o draw_v the_o vmbri_n camertes_n a_o considerable_a people_n who_o be_v not_o averse_a to_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n to_o join_v in_o society_n and_o league_n with_o they_o 3._o when_o the_o carthaginian_n see_v that_o alexander_n power_n do_v so_o wonderful_o increase_v and_o that_o he_o do_v threaten_v africa_n also_o they_o appoint_v a_o subtle_a person_n one_o of_o their_o citizen_n name_v hamilcar_n of_o rhodes_n to_o go_v to_o the_o king_n in_o the_o disguise_n of_o a_o banish_a man_n and_o by_o all_o mean_n to_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o his_o acquaintance_n and_o friendship_n which_o when_o he_o have_v obtain_v he_o reveal_v to_o his_o citizen_n all_o the_o design_n and_o resolution_n of_o this_o conqueror_n 4._o the_o same_o carthaginian_n send_v some_o of_o their_o own_o citizen_n as_o ambassador_n to_o remain_v a_o considerable_a time_n at_o rome_n that_o they_o may_v understand_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o roman_n 5._o when_o m._n cato_n be_v in_o spain_n and_o can_v no_o other_o way_n come_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_n he_o order_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n to_o make_v a_o assault_n upon_o they_o in_o their_o post_n and_o to_o take_v one_o of_o they_o by_o force_n and_o carry_v he_o into_o his_o camp_n who_o be_v put_v to_o the_o torture_n reveal_v all_o the_o secret_n of_o his_o own_o people_n 6._o c._n marius_n the_o consul_n in_o the_o cimbrick_n and_o teutonick_n war_n send_v letter_n to_o the_o gaul_n and_o lygurian_o to_o know_v whether_o they_o continue_v faithful_a to_o the_o roman_a state_n in_o the_o beginning_n he_o command_v they_o that_o they_o shall_v not_o unseal_v nor_o read_v what_o be_v close_v up_o until_o a_o prefix_a time_n and_o before_o that_o time_n he_o send_v to_o demand_v the_o same_o letter_n which_o when_o he_o sound_v to_o be_v unseal_v he_o understand_v that_o they_o intend_v to_o join_v with_o the_o enemy_n there_o be_v also_o another_o way_n of_o discovery_n by_o which_o general_n without_o any_o outward_a help_n have_v be_v able_a to_o foresee_v thing_n of_o themselves_o for_o example_n 7._o aemilius_z paulus_n or_o rather_o l._n aemilius_n papus_n consul_n in_o the_o hetrurian_a war_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o army_n to_o lead_v they_o into_o a_o plane_n see_v a_o far_o off_o a_o great_a number_n of_o bird_n rise_v swift_a than_o ordinary_a out_o of_o a_o wood_n by_o that_o he_o understand_v that_o there_o be_v some_o ambuscade_n hide_v because_o the_o bird_n be_v disturb_v and_o because_o many_o rose_n up_o together_o he_o send_v out_o therefore_o scout_n who_o bring_v he_o intelligence_n that_o ten_o thousand_o of_o the_o helvetian_o call_v boii_n be_v there_o ready_a to_o receive_v the_o roman_n which_o news_n cause_v he_o to_o march_v with_o his_o legion_n another_o way_n than_o be_v expect_v to_o attack_v they_o 8._o likewise_o tisamenes_n the_o son_n of_o orestes_n understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n hold_v the_o top_n of_o a_o mountain_n which_o be_v strong_a by_o situation_n he_o send_v some_o to_o inquire_v out_o the_o truth_n who_o bring_v word_n that_o it_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o imagine_v but_o proceed_v on_o in_o his_o way_n he_o see_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o bird_n to_o fly_v together_o out_o of_o that_o mountain_n that_o will_v not_o pitch_v by_o they_o he_o perceive_v that_o the_o enemy_n troop_n be_v there_o hide_v he_o lead_v therefore_o his_o army_n another_o way_n and_o escape_v the_o ambush_n that_o be_v lay_v for_o he_o 9_o asdrubal_n the_o brother_n of_o hannibal_n understand_v too_o late_o that_o livie_n army_n and_o nero_n be_v join_v together_o though_o they_o endeavour_v to_o conceal_v it_o by_o lodging_n together_o in_o the_o same_o camp_n for_o he_o see_v their_o horse_n look_v thin_a with_o the_o journey_n and_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o body_n of_o they_o bear_v the_o colour_n of_o the_o highway_n through_o which_o they_o have_v travel_v chap._n iii_o of_o settle_v or_o choose_v the_o state_n of_o war._n example_n 1._o alexander_n of_o macedon_n have_v a_o lusty_a army_n of_o stout_a man_n to_o follow_v he_o do_v always_o choose_v to_o fight_v his_o enemy_n in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n 2._o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n have_v a_o army_n of_o old_a soldier_n but_o he_o know_v that_o his_o enemy_n be_v but_o raw_a and_o unexperienced_a he_o endeavour_v therefore_o always_o to_o give_v the_o battle_n 3._o fabius_n maximus_n be_v general_n against_o hannibal_n who_o be_v grow_v insolent_a and_o proud_a with_o the_o success_n of_o the_o former_a fight_v resolve_v to_o avoid_v the_o doubtful_a hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o only_o to_o defend_v his_o country_n he_o deserve_v therefore_o the_o name_n and_o renown_n thereby_o of_o a_o wise_a general_n 4._o they_o of_o byzantium_n shun_v all_o occasion_n of_o fight_v with_o king_n philip_n army_n and_o forsake_v also_o their_o border_n to_o shelter_v themselves_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n which_o cause_v the_o macedonian_n impatient_a of_o the_o delay_n of_o a_o siege_n to_o depart_v away_o 5._o hasdrubal_n the_o son_n of_o gisgon_n command_v a_o army_n in_o spain_n in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n when_o scipio_n press_v upon_o he_o he_o disperse_v his_o army_n and_o send_v they_o to_o the_o city_n by_o this_o mean_v scipio_n be_v force_v to_o lead_v away_o also_o his_o army_n into_o their_o winter_n quarter_n that_o he_o may_v not_o divide_v his_o by_o the_o siege_n of_o many_o town_n at_o once_o 6._o when_o xerxes_n be_v enter_v into_o greece_n with_o his_o army_n themistocles_n judge_v that_o the_o athenian_n be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v he_o by_o land_n nor_o to_o defend_v their_o border_n nor_o to_o maintain_v their_o wall_n he_o advise_v they_o therefore_o to_o transport_v their_o wife_n and_o child_n to_o troezenum_fw-la and_o other_o city_n to_o forsake_v their_o town_n betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o ship_n and_o resolve_v to_o fight_v by_o sea_n 7._o this_o be_v the_o same_o advice_n that_o pericles_n give_v to_o the_o same_o city_n in_o war_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n 8._o when_o hannibal_n be_v in_o italy_n scipio_n sail_v over_o with_o his_o army_n into_o africa_n and_o compel_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o call_v back_o hannibal_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o remove_v the_o seat_n of_o war_n from_o his_o own_o country_n into_o the_o enemy_n border_n 9_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v take_v and_o fortify_v a_o castle_n of_o the_o athenian_n call_v decelea_n from_o whence_o they_o do_v much_o mischief_n to_o they_o send_v their_o navy_n to_o land_n and_o spoil_v the_o peloponnesus_n by_o this_o mean_v they_o oblige_v the_o lacedaemonian_a army_n which_o be_v at_o decelea_n to_o be_v call_v home_o to_o defend_v their_o own_o country_n 10._o the_o emperor_n caesar_n domitianus_n augustus_n when_o the_o german_n according_a to_o their_o custom_n make_v sudden_a onset_n upon_o the_o roman_n out_o of_o their_o wood_n and_o secret_a retreat_n return_v immediate_o back_o in_o safety_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o copse_n he_o set_v guard_n round_o at_o 120000._o pace_n from_o one_o another_o and_o thus_o alter_v the_o manner_n of_o war_n oblige_v the_o enemy_n to_o surrender_v themselves_o when_o he_o have_v deprive_v they_o of_o their_o retreat_n chap._n iu._n of_o lead_v a_o army_n through_o a_o country_n in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o enemy_n example_n 1._o aemilius_z papus_n consul_n lead_v his_o army_n against_o the_o luceni_n in_o a_o narrow_a passage_n where_o the_o navy_n of_o tarentum_n wait_v in_o ambush_n to_o discharge_v upon_o their_o troop_n a_o
something_o to_o the_o article_n that_o he_o pretend_v be_v want_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o fit_v out_o his_o own_o fleet_n to_o carry_v he_o and_o his_o army_n on_o a_o sudden_a over_o the_o strait_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v unprepared_a to_o hinder_v he_o 14._o chabrias_n the_o athenian_a not_o be_v able_a to_o enter_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o samos_n because_o of_o the_o enemy_n ship_n that_o oppose_v he_o and_o guard_v the_o place_n command_v a_o few_o of_o his_o ship_n to_o pass_v by_o the_o haven_n imagine_v that_o the_o enemy_n will_v follow_v they_o which_z according_o happen_v he_o by_o that_o mean_v get_v into_o the_o haven_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fleet._n chap._n v._o of_o escape_v out_o of_o most_o difficult_a place_n example_n 1._o q._n sertorius_n be_v pursue_v by_o his_o enemy_n to_o the_o side_n of_o a_o river_n which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v cause_v a_o bulwark_n to_o be_v cast_v up_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o half_a moon_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n and_o furnish_v it_o with_o combustible_a stuff_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o that_o mean_v the_o enemy_n be_v keep_v off_o and_o he_o pass_v over_o without_o any_o hindrance_n 2._o in_o the_o like_a manner_n pelopidas_n the_o theban_a in_o the_o war_n of_o thessaly_n obtain_v a_o safe_a passage_n over_o a_o river_n for_o have_v shut_v in_o a_o large_a compass_n of_o ground_n within_o his_o camp_n he_o place_v upon_o the_o rampire_n and_o bastion_n round_o about_o fork_a stake_n with_o much_o combustible_a matter_n and_o whilst_o the_o enemy_n be_v keep_v off_o by_o the_o fire_n he_o get_v over_o to_o the_o other_o side_n 3._o q._n lutatius_n catulus_n have_v receive_v a_o repulse_v from_o the_o cimbri_n and_o see_v no_o hope_n of_o safety_n but_o in_o the_o passage_n of_o a_o river_n whereof_o the_o bank_n be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n march_v with_o his_o troop_n to_o the_o next_o mountain_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v there_o to_o settle_v his_o camp_n but_o command_v his_o man_n not_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o burden_n nor_o to_o loosen_v their_o fardel_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v offer_v to_o depart_v from_o their_o rank_n or_o colour_n and_o that_o he_o may_v better_o confirm_v the_o enemy_n in_o this_o persuasion_n he_o order_v some_o few_o tabernacle_n to_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o most_o conspicuous_a place_n and_o fire_n to_o be_v kindle_v and_o that_o some_o few_o of_o his_o man_n shall_v cast_v up_o a_o ditch_n and_o other_o shall_v appear_v to_o go_v out_o to_o fetch_v wood._n all_o which_o action_n the_o cimbri_n conceive_v to_o be_v do_v in_o earnest_n choose_v also_o a_o place_n to_o pitch_v their_o tent_n and_o send_v out_o several_a party_n to_o provide_v those_o thing_n that_o be_v needful_a for_o their_o abode_n by_o this_o mean_v they_o give_v a_o opportunity_n to_o catulus_n not_o only_o to_o pass_v over_o his_o army_n but_o also_o to_o straighten_v the_o enemy_n camp_n 4._o when_o croesus_n can_v not_o get_v over_o a_o ford_n of_o the_o river_n halys_n and_o have_v neither_o ship_n nor_o necessary_n to_o build_v a_o bridge_n he_o cause_v a_o deep_a trench_n to_o be_v draw_v in_o the_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o river_n behind_o his_o camp_n and_o so_o turn_v the_o current_n of_o the_o water_n behind_o he_o 5._o cn._n pompeius_n design_v at_o brundisium_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o italy_n and_o transport_v the_o war_n into_o greece_n because_o caesar_n be_v likely_a to_o attempt_v upon_o his_o troop_n when_o they_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o get_v on_o shipboard_n cause_v some_o street_n to_o be_v stop_v up_o in_o other_o he_o make_v wall_n to_o be_v build_v across_o in_o other_o he_o cause_v trench_n to_o be_v draw_v and_o sharp_a stake_n harden_v in_o the_o fire_n to_o be_v fix_v in_o they_o cover_v they_o over_o with_o hurdle_n hide_v under_o the_o earth_n which_o be_v cast_v on_o the_o top_n and_o some_o way_n that_o lead_v to_o the_o haven_n he_o stop_v with_o beam_n lay_v upon_o one_o another_o very_a thick_a when_o all_o this_o be_v do_v he_o make_v show_v of_o a_o resolution_n to_o defend_v the_o town_n by_o place_v some_o few_o archer_n round_o the_o wall_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n without_o noise_n he_o command_v aboard_o and_o when_o they_o be_v all_o ship_v the_o archer_n likewise_o by_o know_a way_n hasten_v after_o he_o in_o small_a ship_n that_o wait_v for_o they_o in_o the_o haven_n 6._o c._n duillius_fw-la cons_n enter_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o syracuse_n unadvised_o for_o he_o be_v shut_v in_o by_o a_o chain_n across_o the_o entrance_n he_o cause_v therefore_o all_o his_o soldier_n to_o weigh_v down_o the_o stern_a of_o his_o ship_n and_o when_o the_o forepart_n be_v lift_v up_o by_o the_o weight_n behind_o he_o cause_v the_o oar_n to_o row_v that_o part_n over_o the_o chain_n violent_o which_o be_v do_v all_o the_o soldier_n return_v again_o to_o the_o forepart_n to_o press_v that_o down_o by_o this_o mean_v all_o the_o weight_n of_o the_o ship_n be_v get_v over_o the_o chain_n cause_v they_o to_o escape_v over_o it_o 7._o when_o lysander_n the_o lacedaemonian_a be_v besiege_v with_o all_o his_o navy_n in_o the_o haven_n of_o athens_n be_v oppress_v with_o the_o number_n of_o his_o enemy_n ship_n he_o order_v his_o soldier_n to_o land_n secret_o on_o that_o part_n of_o the_o shore_n where_o the_o sea_n have_v the_o straight_a passage_n to_o flow_v in_o and_o his_o ship_n to_o be_v place_v upon_o wheel_n and_o carry_v over_o land_n to_o the_o near_a port_n name_v monoecius_n or_o rather_o munychias_n 8._o herculeius_n the_o lieutenant_n of_o sertorius_n in_o spain_n enter_v with_o a_o small_a party_n to_o march_v along_o a_o narrow_a way_n between_o two_o steep_a mountain_n and_o understand_v that_o a_o great_a number_n of_o his_o enemy_n be_v at_o hand_n come_v against_o he_o he_o cause_v speedy_o a_o ditch_n to_o be_v dig_v a_o cross_n between_o the_o two_o hill_n and_o a_o rampire_n make_v with_o combustible_a stuff_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n thus_o while_o the_o enemy_n be_v keep_v off_o with_o the_o fire_n he_o escape_v 9_o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n lead_v his_o army_n against_o afranius_n and_o find_v that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o retreat_v with_o safety_n as_o he_o have_v design_v cause_v the_o first_o and_o second_o battalion_n secret_o to_o withdraw_v themselves_o behind_o his_o army_n and_o to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o dig_v a_o trench_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n broad_a into_o which_o about_o sunset_n he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n in_o battle_n 10._o pericles_z the_o athenian_a be_v drive_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o peloponnesus_n into_o a_o certain_a place_n which_o be_v so_o surround_v with_o steep_a hill_n that_o there_o be_v but_o two_o passage_n to_o escape_v out_o cause_v a_o ditch_n to_o be_v dig_v of_o a_o very_a great_a breadth_n on_o one_o side_n as_o if_o he_o have_v purpose_v to_o exclude_v the_o enemy_n that_o side_n on_o the_o other_o he_o command_v a_o way_n to_o be_v make_v as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v there_o to_o escape_v the_o besieger_n never_o imagine_v that_o pericles_n army_n will_v offer_v to_o escape_v over_o the_o ditch_n that_o he_o have_v draw_v resolve_v all_o to_o oppose_v he_o in_o the_o broad_a way_n but_o pericles_n have_v cast_v over_o his_o ditch_n a_o bridge_n with_o plank_n that_o he_o have_v ready_a sudden_o command_v over_o his_o party_n that_o way_n where_o there_o be_v no_o resistance_n 11._o lysimachus_z one_o of_o they_o who_o succeed_v to_o the_o wealth_n and_o command_n of_o alexander_n design_v to_o fix_v his_o camp_n on_o a_o high_a hill_n by_o the_o indiscretion_n of_o his_o officer_n be_v bring_v into_o a_o valley_n where_o he_o fear_v the_o come_n down_o of_o his_o enemy_n from_o the_o upper_a ground_n he_o therefore_o dig_v three_o trench_n against_o they_o within_o his_o camp_n and_o also_o round_o about_o all_o the_o tent_n the_o like_a number_n of_o ditch_n by_o that_o mean_n he_o stop_v the_o enemy_n passage_n and_o by_o cast_v of_o bow_n over_o the_o ditch_n cover_v they_o over_o with_o turf_n and_o earth_n he_o pass_v over_o give_v a_o assault_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o get_v up_o to_o the_o high_a ground_n 12._o cn._n fronteius_fw-la crassus_n go_v out_o in_o spain_n to_o plunder_v the_o country_n with_o three_o thousand_o man_n be_v surround_v by_o hasdrubal_n in_o a_o dangerous_a place_n he_o communicate_v his_o resolution_n and_o purpose_n only_o to_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n at_o what_o time_n it_o be_v least_o expect_v he_o break_v through_o the_o enemy_n post_n 13._o l._n furius_n have_v lead_v his_o army_n
6._o in_o the_o carthaginian_a war_n some_o city_n purpose_v to_o forsake_v the_o roman_n and_o join_v with_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o have_v give_v hostage_n they_o desire_v to_o recover_v they_o first_o into_o their_o hand_n before_o they_o fall_v away_o they_o therefore_o pretend_v that_o there_o be_v a_o sedition_n among_o the_o neighbour_n which_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n ought_v to_o appease_v who_o be_v send_v they_o keep_v they_o in_o lieu_n of_o their_o hostage_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o depart_v till_o they_o have_v their_o own_o return_v back_o 7._o when_o the_o roman_a ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o king_n antiochus_n who_o have_v with_o he_o hannibal_n after_o that_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v subdue_v to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o advice_n against_o the_o roman_n by_o frequent_a visit_n and_o discourse_n with_o hannibal_n they_o make_v he_o to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o king_n who_o otherwise_o will_v have_v high_o favour_v he_o and_o to_o who_o he_o have_v be_v very_o useful_a because_o of_o his_o subtlety_n and_o knowledge_n in_o war._n 8._o q._n metellus_n make_v war_n against_o jugurtha_n prevail_v with_o money_n upon_o the_o king_n ambassador_n to_o betray_v their_o master_n and_o when_o other_o be_v send_v he_o corrupt_v they_o also_o and_o likewise_o the_o three_o but_o the_o business_n succeed_v not_o so_o far_o as_o to_o get_v jugurtha_n into_o his_o hand_n for_o he_o desire_v to_o have_v he_o deliver_v alive_a nevertheless_o many_o thing_n happen_v from_o thence_o for_o when_o the_o letter_n which_o he_o write_v to_o the_o king_n friend_n be_v intercept_v he_o cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v put_v to_o death_n whereby_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o good_a counsel_n and_o can_v not_o get_v nor_o procure_v to_o himself_o any_o other_o friend_n 9_o when_o c._n caesar_n understand_v by_o a_o certain_a water-bearer_n which_o he_o have_v intercept_v that_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n will_v by_o night_n remove_v and_o march_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n that_o he_o may_v without_o any_o trouble_n to_o his_o man_n hinder_v the_o purpose_n and_o intent_n of_o his_o enemy_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o night_n he_o command_v his_o soldier_n to_o give_v the_o signal_n for_o the_o take_n up_o and_o load_v of_o their_o baggage_n and_o the_o mule_n to_o be_v drive_v along_o by_o the_o enemy_n camp_n with_o noise_n and_o hurry_v this_o cause_v they_o to_o keep_v in_o their_o camp_n for_o they_o imagine_v that_o caesar_n be_v march_v away_o 10._o scipio_n africanus_n for_o the_o more_o convenient_a receive_n of_o supply_n of_o man_n and_o provision_n send_v venticius_n thermus_n to_o hannibal_n to_o treat_v with_o he_o while_o he_o in_o the_o mean_a space_n go_v to_o help_v their_o land_n 11._o dionysius_n the_o king_n of_o syracuse_n when_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o african_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o into_o sicily_n to_o fight_v he_o sortify_v several_a castle_n in_o many_o place_n and_o command_v the_o garrison_n to_o deliver_v they_o to_o the_o enemy_n assoon_o as_o they_o shall_v come_v and_o to_o return_v secret_o to_o syracuse_n the_o african_n be_v force_v to_o keep_v guard_n in_o the_o castle_n that_o they_o have_v take_v so_o that_o when_o he_o see_v the_o rest_n reduce_v to_o that_o small_a number_n that_o he_o desire_v he_o with_o equal_a force_n assault_v and_o overcome_v they_o for_o by_o this_o policy_n he_o gather_v all_o his_o strength_n together_o and_o scatter_v the_o enemy_n 12._o when_o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a make_v war_n upon_o tisaphernes_n he_o pretend_v to_o invade_v the_o country_n of_o caria_n as_o the_o fit_a place_n be_v full_a of_o mountain_n to_o encounter_v with_o the_o persian_n who_o be_v numerous_a in_o horse_n by_o the_o divulge_v of_o this_o design_n he_o cause_v tisaphernes_n to_o wait_v for_o he_o in_o caria_n while_o he_o break_v into_o lydia_n where_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o that_o government_n be_v have_v therefore_o overcome_v such_o as_o be_v leave_v there_o he_o get_v into_o his_o possession_n the_o king_n treasury_n chap._n ix_o of_o pacify_v the_o sedition_n of_o soldier_n example_n 1._o a_o manlius_n the_o consul_n understand_v that_o the_o soldier_n who_o be_v in_o their_o winter_n quarter_n in_o campania_n have_v plot_v together_o to_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o their_o landlord_n and_o to_o plunder_v their_o good_n send_v word_n that_o another_o party_n shall_v be_v there_o in_o the_o same_o winter_n quarter_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o spoil_v the_o purpose_n of_o the_o conspirator_n free_v the_o country_n from_o the_o danger_n and_o take_v occasion_n to_o punish_v the_o offender_n 2._o l._n sylla_n when_o some_o legion_n of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n break_v out_o furious_o into_o a_o dangerous_a sedition_n restore_v they_o again_o to_o a_o peaceable_a temper_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o cause_v the_o news_n to_o be_v quick_o spread_v that_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v at_o hand_n and_o a_o noise_n to_o be_v make_v to_o run_v to_o their_o arm_n and_o the_o signal_n of_o the_o battle_n to_o be_v give_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o sedition_n end_v and_o all_o join_v together_o to_o encounter_v the_o enemy_n 3._o cn._n pompeius_n when_o his_o army_n have_v kill_v the_o senate_n of_o milan_n that_o he_o may_v not_o cause_v any_o tumult_n by_o call_v to_o he_o only_o such_o as_o be_v guilty_a command_v some_o that_o have_v no_o hand_n in_o the_o crime_n to_o come_v together_o with_o the_o murderer_n who_o be_v the_o less_o afraid_a because_o they_o be_v not_o separate_v from_o the_o rest_n neither_o do_v they_o seem_v to_o be_v call_v out_o because_o of_o their_o fault_n they_o all_o appear_v and_o they_o who_o be_v guiltless_a be_v careful_a to_o keep_v the_o criminal_n from_o a_o escape_n lest_o they_o shall_v be_v blame_v for_o their_o flight_n 4._o c._n caesar_n when_o some_o of_o his_o legion_n be_v so_o furious_o seditious_a as_o to_o threaten_v the_o death_n of_o their_o leader_n dissemble_v his_o fear_n and_o go_v straight_o to_o his_o soldier_n who_o desire_v to_o be_v discharge_v which_o he_o grant_v with_o a_o angry_a countenance_n when_o they_o be_v at_o liberty_n he_o oblige_v they_o to_o repentance_n to_o give_v satisfaction_n to_o he_o their_o general_n and_o to_o become_v more_o obedient_a for_o the_o future_a in_o perform_v all_o the_o duty_n and_o work_n of_o a_o soldier_n chap._n x._o how_o to_o give_v a_o check_n to_o the_o unseasonable_a impatience_n and_o desire_n of_o fight_v example_n 1._o q._n sertorius_n have_v find_v by_o experience_n that_o he_o be_v a_o unequal_a match_n to_o the_o whole_a roman_a army_n together_o that_o he_o may_v make_v the_o barbarous_a and_o ignorant_a people_n of_o spain_n who_o unadvised_o desire_v to_o fight_v sensible_a thereof_o he_o cause_v two_o horse_n to_o be_v bring_v the_o one_o strong_a and_o lusty_a the_o other_o very_o little_a and_o weak_a and_o put_v two_o youngman_n answerable_a to_o they_o the_o one_o strong_a and_o the_o other_o slender_a to_o the_o strong_a man_n he_o command_v to_o pull_v off_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o weak_a horse_n at_o once_o to_o the_o slender_a person_n to_o pluck_v the_o hair_n off_o the_o lusty_a horse_n one_o by_o one_o when_o therefore_o the_o slender_a person_n have_v do_v what_o he_o be_v order_v and_o the_o strong_a person_n do_v strive_v in_o vain_a about_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o weak_a horse_n now_o say_v sertorius_n to_o his_o soldier_n by_o this_o example_n i_o have_v discover_v to_o you_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o roman_a troop_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v if_o you_o assault_v they_o together_o but_o you_o may_v break_v and_o destroy_v they_o if_o you_o come_v upon_o they_o when_o separate_v 2._o the_o same_o sertorius_n when_o he_o take_v notice_n that_o his_o soldier_n unadvised_o demand_v the_o signal_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o judge_v that_o they_o will_v break_v out_o into_o a_o tumult_n if_o they_o do_v not_o fight_v suffer_v one_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n when_o they_o be_v overpower_v he_o send_v more_o to_o assist_v they_o thus_o he_o receive_v they_o all_o safe_a in_o their_o retreat_n and_o without_o any_o loss_n he_o discover_v to_o they_o what_o will_v have_v be_v the_o issue_n of_o the_o fight_n which_o they_o desire_v after_o this_o they_o be_v much_o more_o obedient_a to_o his_o order_n and_o command_n 3._o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a have_v pitch_v his_o camp_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o a_o river_n against_o the_o theban_n and_o understanding_n that_o the_o enemy_n do_v far_o exceed_v he_o in_o number_n be_v resolve_v to_o keep_v his_o man_n from_o the_o desire_n of_o a_o battle_n by_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o god_n have_v advise_v he_o to_o fight_v from_o the_o hill_n therefore_o have_v leave_v a_o small_a guard_n upon_o the_o
side_n of_o the_o river_n he_o march_v up_o to_o the_o hill_n the_o theban_n judge_v it_o to_o be_v do_v out_o of_o fear_n pass_v the_o river_n with_o their_o army_n and_o easy_o beat_v off_o the_o guard_n and_o hasty_o follow_v after_o agesilaus_n who_o rout_v they_o in_o a_o disadvantageous_a place_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o men._n 4._o scorylo_n the_o general_n of_o the_o daci_n understand_v that_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n be_v divide_v and_o trouble_v with_o civil_a war_n yet_o he_o think_v not_o convenient_a to_o venture_v against_o they_o because_o citizen_n may_v unite_v together_o against_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n to_o make_v his_o countryman_n sensible_a of_o this_o he_o cause_v two_o dog_n to_o fight_v very_o eager_o before_o they_o and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o wolf_n to_o appear_v the_o dog_n immediate_o leave_v their_o fight_n and_o run_v upon_o the_o wolf_n by_o this_o example_n he_o keep_v back_o those_o barbarous_a and_o ignorant_a people_n from_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o roman_n chap._n xi_o how_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v encourage_v to_o a_o fight_n example_n 1._o when_o m._n fabius_n and_o cn._n manlius_n be_v consul_n and_o general_n against_o the_o hetrusci_n the_o army_n because_o of_o the_o sedition_n be_v very_o unwilling_a to_o fight_v of_o their_o own_o accord_n pretend_v a_o delay_n until_o the_o soldier_n be_v force_v and_o animate_v by_o the_o reproach_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o desire_v the_o liberty_n to_o fight_v they_o and_o to_o swear_v that_o they_o will_v never_o return_v without_o the_o victory_n 2._o fulvius_n the_o noble_a be_v necessitate_v with_o a_o small_a army_n to_o fight_v with_o a_o numerous_a army_n of_o the_o samnite_n who_o be_v proud_a of_o their_o former_a success_n pretend_v that_o a_o legion_n of_o the_o enemy_n have_v be_v by_o he_o corrupt_v and_o persuade_v to_o revolt_v and_o to_o confirm_v they_o in_o this_o belief_n command_v the_o colonel_n and_o the_o captain_n of_o his_o first_o rank_n to_o gather_v together_o all_o the_o coin_a money_n the_o gold_n and_o silver_n that_o they_o have_v and_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o traitor_n as_o their_o reward_n withal_o he_o promise_v they_o that_o shall_v lend_v their_o money_n that_o when_o the_o victory_n be_v obtain_v he_o will_v gratify_v and_o reward_v they_o sufficient_o which_o persuasion_n and_o belief_n give_v such_o a_o alacrity_n and_o confidence_n to_o the_o roman_n that_o it_o obtain_v for_o they_o a_o famous_a victory_n and_o the_o conclusion_n immediate_o after_o of_o the_o war._n 3._o c._n caesar_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o give_v bartel_n to_o ariovistus_n tell_v in_o a_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n who_o be_v trouble_v with_o fear_n that_o he_o will_v employ_v that_o day_n none_o but_o the_o ten_o legion_n to_o fight_v that_o by_o this_o testimony_n and_o declaration_n of_o exceed_v in_o carriage_n they_o may_v be_v oblige_v to_o behave_v themselves_o manful_o and_o the_o rest_n for_o shame_n and_o grief_n that_o other_o shall_v carry_v away_o the_o glory_n and_o esteem_n of_o valour_n may_v be_v force_v to_o fight_v brave_o 4._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n who_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v of_o such_o a_o generous_a disposition_n that_o they_o will_v be_v provoke_v by_o contempt_n and_o understand_v also_o that_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o moderation_n or_o justice_n to_o be_v expect_v from_o the_o carthaginian_n send_v ambassador_n to_o carthage_n to_o treat_v about_o article_n of_o peace_n they_o bring_v back_o such_o unjust_a condition_n and_o so_o insolent_a that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v thereby_o encourage_v to_o fight_v rather_o than_o to_o yield_v to_o they_o 5._o agesilaus_n the_o general_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n have_v pitch_v his_o camp_n near_o the_o confederate_a city_n of_o the_o orthomeni_n understand_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o soldier_n be_v secure_v their_o most_o precious_a thing_n within_o the_o wall_n he_o therefore_o command_v the_o citizen_n not_o to_o receive_v any_o thing_n which_o belong_v to_o his_o army_n that_o his_o soldier_n may_v fight_v more_o desperate_o when_o they_o know_v that_o they_o be_v to_o fight_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o all_o that_o they_o have_v 6._o when_o epaminondas_n the_o general_n of_o the_o theban_n be_v to_o give_v battle_n to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n that_o his_o soldier_n may_v be_v encourage_v not_o only_o by_o their_o strength_n but_o also_o by_o their_o inclination_n he_o declare_v in_o a_o public_a speech_n that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n intend_v if_o they_o obtain_v the_o victory_n to_o destroy_v all_o the_o male_n to_o lead_v away_o into_o captivity_n their_o wife_n and_o child_n and_o to_o demolish_v thebes_n this_o discovery_n so_o stir_v they_o up_o and_o make_v they_o so_o resolve_v that_o at_o the_o first_o onset_n the_o theban_n get_v the_o victory_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n 7._o leotychidas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a captain_n be_v to_o fight_v the_o same_o day_n in_o which_o his_o confederate_n have_v gain_v a_o victory_n at_o sea_n though_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o what_o have_v be_v do_v publish_v abroad_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o news_n that_o his_o friend_n have_v get_v the_o day_n that_o his_o soldier_n who_o be_v to_o fight_v may_v be_v more_o courageous_a 8._o a._n posthumius_fw-la in_o the_o battle_n against_o the_o latin_n encourage_v his_o army_n with_o the_o appearance_n of_o two_o youngman_n on_o horseback_n who_o he_o declare_v to_o be_v castor_n and_o pollux_n come_v to_o their_o assistance_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o oblige_v they_o to_o return_v to_o the_o fight_n 9_o archidamus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a make_v war_n against_o the_o arcadian_n erect_v a_o altar_n in_o his_o camp_n and_o cause_v horse_n to_o be_v lead_v round_o about_o it_o in_o the_o night_n the_o next_o morning_n he_o show_v their_o footstep_n and_o tell_v his_o man_n that_o castor_n and_o pollux_n have_v rid_v round_o about_o and_o will_v be_v assist_v to_o they_o in_o the_o battle_n 10._o when_o pericles_n the_o general_n of_o the_o athenian_n be_v to_o give_v battle_n he_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v a_o grove_n in_o the_o view_n of_o both_o army_n of_o a_o extraordinary_a thickness_n and_o very_o dark_a and_o large_a consecrate_v to_o pluto_n in_o this_o place_n he_o put_v a_o man_n of_o a_o large_a stature_n upon_o very_o high_a and_o big_a slipper_n with_o a_o purple_a robe_n and_o long_a hair_n upon_o a_o great_a chariot_n drag_v by_o two_o white_a horse_n that_o when_o the_o signal_n for_o the_o battle_n shall_v be_v give_v he_o may_v call_v pericles_n by_o name_n and_o encourage_v he_o and_o promise_v he_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o god_n which_o so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o before_o the_o cast_n of_o their_o dart_n they_o flee_v 11._o l._n sylla_n that_o his_o soldier_n may_v be_v more_o ready_a to_o fight_v pretend_a that_o the_o god_n do_v discover_v to_o he_o thing_n to_o come_v and_o at_o last_o in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o army_n before_o they_o enter_v into_o the_o conflict_n he_o will_v pray_v to_o a_o image_n of_o a_o moderate_a bigness_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o delphos_n say_v to_o it_o that_o it_o shall_v make_v good_a and_o hasten_v the_o victory_n that_o it_o have_v promise_v to_o he_o 12._o c._n marius_n have_v a_o certain_a magician_n woman_n out_o of_o syria_n to_o tell_v he_o of_o the_o success_n and_o event_n of_o battle_n 13._o q._n sertorius_n have_v a_o army_n of_o barbarous_a soldier_n not_o govern_v by_o reason_n lead_v about_o portugal_n with_o he_o a_o white_a hind_n very_o large_a and_o beautiful_a by_o which_o he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o understand_v the_o thing_n that_o he_o be_v to_o do_v and_o avoid_v to_o the_o end_n that_o those_o barbarous_a people_n may_v obey_v his_o order_n as_o command_v from_o above_o we_o must_v not_o make_v use_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o stratagem_n only_o when_o we_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o such_o as_o we_o judge_v unskilful_a and_o ignorant_a but_o much_o more_o those_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v invent_v which_o may_v be_v of_o that_o kind_n that_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o they_o have_v be_v discover_v by_o these_o thing_n 14._o when_o alexander_n the_o macedonian_a be_v to_o offer_n sacrifice_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v write_v with_o a_o juice_n in_o that_o hand_n of_o the_o divine_a which_o he_o be_v to_o put_v upon_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o beast_n such_o letter_n as_o do_v signify_v that_o alexander_n shall_v have_v the_o victory_n which_o letter_n appear_v upon_o the_o hot_a liver_n be_v show_v by_o the_o king_n to_o the_o soldier_n to_o increase_v their_o courage_n as_o if_o the_o god_n do_v promise_v to_o he_o the_o victory_n 15._o innide_n the_o soothsayer_n do_v practise_v the_o same_o thing_n when_o eumenes_n
be_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o gaul_n 16._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a encounter_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n do_v think_v to_o increase_v the_o confidence_n of_o his_o man_n with_o a_o trick_n of_o religion_n the_o arm_n and_o weapon_n which_o be_v hang_v up_o to_o adorn_v the_o temple_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v secret_o take_v away_o in_o the_o night_n and_o persuade_v his_o soldier_n that_o the_o god_n have_v do_v it_o to_o follow_v and_o assist_v they_o in_o their_o fight_n 17._o agesilaus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a have_v take_v some_o persian_a captive_n who_o garb_n when_o it_o be_v wear_v by_o they_o do_v strike_v a_o terror_n to_o his_o man_n be_v wont_a to_o show_v they_o all_o naked_a that_o they_o may_v behold_v their_o white_a skin_n and_o their_o groundless_a fear_n together_o 18._o gelo_n king_n of_o syracuse_n have_v proclaim_v a_o war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o take_v many_o of_o they_o captive_n be_v wont_a to_o produce_v the_o weak_a of_o they_o all_o naked_a chief_o of_o the_o auxiliary_n who_o be_v black_a and_o swart_a that_o his_o soldier_n may_v thereby_o learn_v to_o contemn_v they_o 19_o cyrus_n the_o persian_a king_n that_o he_o may_v stir_v up_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o countryman_n weary_v they_o a_o whole_a day_n in_o cut_v down_o a_o certain_a wood_n and_o the_o next_o day_n invite_v they_o to_o a_o most_o plentiful_a feast_n and_o ask_v they_o which_o be_v most_o please_a to_o they_o when_o they_o answer_v that_o the_o present_a thing_n be_v most_o grateful_a he_o reply_v by_o this_o alone_a you_o may_v attain_v to_o these_o thing_n you_o can_v never_o be_v free_a nor_o happy_a unless_o you_o overcome_v the_o mede_n by_o this_o persuasion_n he_o encourage_v they_o to_o the_o desire_n of_o fight_v 20._o l._n sylla_n fight_v against_o archelaus_n a_o general_n of_o mithridates_n near_a pirea_n have_v in_o his_o army_n very_o lazy_a soldier_n but_o by_o weary_v they_o in_o work_v he_o force_v they_o to_o desire_v from_o he_o the_o signal_n to_o fight_v 21._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n fear_v lest_o his_o soldier_n shall_v have_v such_o a_o confidence_n in_o their_o ship_n unto_o which_o they_o can_v fly_v for_o shelter_n that_o this_o may_v hinder_v they_o in_o fight_v command_v they_o to_o be_v burn_v before_o he_o enter_v into_o the_o battle_n chap._n xii_o how_o to_o expel_v the_o fear_n which_o soldier_n may_v have_v conceive_v from_o ill_a omen_n and_o contrary_a accident_n example_n 1._o when_o scipio_n transport_v his_o army_n from_o italy_n over_o into_o africa_n he_o fall_v down_o at_o his_o land_n upon_o the_o ground_n and_o see_v that_o his_o soldier_n be_v thereat_o astonish_v but_o he_o by_o the_o greatness_n and_o constancy_n of_o his_o courage_n turn_v it_o to_o their_o encouragement_n by_o say_v you_o may_v now_o go_v to_o play_v soldier_n i_o have_v already_o overcome_v and_o take_v africa_n 2._o c._n caesar_n fall_v down_o by_o chance_n as_o he_o be_v land_v out_o of_o a_o ship_n cry_v out_o i_o hold_v thou_o fast_o o_o mother_n earth_n by_o which_o interpretation_n he_o seem_v to_o return_v to_o those_o land_n from_o whence_o he_o be_v depart_v 3._o t._n sempronius_n gracchus_n consul_n have_v draw_v up_o his_o army_n against_o the_o picentes_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o the_o marca_n de_fw-fr acona_n there_o happen_v at_o that_o instant_n a_o tremble_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o a_o earthquake_n which_o terrify_v both_o army_n but_o he_o by_o a_o speech_n confirm_v and_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_z attack_z his_o enemy_n while_o they_o be_v fright_v with_o superstition_n and_o over-came_a they_o 4._o q._n sertorius_n when_o the_o buckler_n of_o his_o horseman_n on_o the_o outside_n and_o the_o breast_n of_o their_o horse_n appear_v in_o a_o prodigious_a manner_n on_o a_o sudden_a to_o be_v bloody_a he_o interpret_v that_o it_o be_v a_o sign_n of_o their_o obtain_v the_o victory_n because_o those_o part_n use_v to_o be_v sprinkle_v with_o the_o enemy_n blood_n in_o fight_v 5._o when_o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a see_v his_o soldier_n grieve_v because_o the_o wind_n have_v take_v off_o from_o his_o spear_n a_o ornament_n that_o hang_v down_o as_o a_o ribbon_n and_o cast_v it_o on_o the_o tomb_n of_o a_o certain_a lacedaemonian_a i_o will_v not_o have_v you_o say_v he_o be_v trouble_v and_o affright_v my_o soldier_n this_o signify_v the_o death_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n for_o their_o sepulcher_n be_v adorn_v for_o their_o funeral_n 6._o the_o same_o epaminondas_n when_o a_o flame_n fall_v from_o the_o sky_n in_o the_o night_n and_o terrify_v those_o that_o be_v present_a tell_v they_o that_o this_o light_n do_v discover_v the_o go_n 7._o the_o same_o general_n when_o he_o be_v ready_a to_o fight_v with_o the_o lacedaemonian_n fall_v down_o in_o the_o chair_n in_o which_o he_o be_v feat_v which_o accident_n be_v common_o interpret_v for_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o his_o soldier_n be_v thereat_o trouble_v he_o tell_v they_o we_o be_v now_o forbid_v to_o sit_v any_o long_o 8._o l._n sulpitius_n gallus_n when_o a_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n be_v at_o hand_n that_o his_o soldier_n may_v not_o mistake_v it_o for_o a_o prodigy_n give_v they_o a_o account_n of_o it_o before_o with_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n of_o the_o eclipse_n 9_o when_o agathocles_n the_o syracusan_a war_v against_o the_o carthaginian_n there_o happen_v a_o like_a eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n the_o night_n before_o the_o battle_n and_o see_v his_o soldier_n trouble_v as_o at_o a_o great_a wonder_n he_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o eclipse_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o whatever_o shall_v happen_v do_v relate_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o thing_n and_o do_v not_o concern_v their_o purpose_n 10._o when_o there_o fall_v a_o thunderbolt_n into_o the_o camp_n of_o pericles_n which_o terrify_v the_o soldier_n he_o gather_v they_o together_o and_o before_o they_o all_o he_o beat_v two_o stone_n one_o against_o another_o and_o strike_v fire_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v quiet_v their_o mind_n tell_v they_o that_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n by_o the_o violent_a motion_n of_o the_o cloud_n the_o thunder_n be_v produce_v 11._o it_o happen_v to_o timotheus_n the_o athenian_a when_o he_o be_v to_o fight_v against_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o corcyra_n that_o the_o master_n of_o his_o vessel_n have_v command_v the_o signal_n to_o be_v give_v to_o stop_v the_o fleet_n ready_a to_o set_v fall_n because_o one_o of_o the_o man_n at_o the_o oar_n begin_v to_o sneeze_v do_v thou_o wonder_v say_v timotheus_n that_o among_o so_o many_o thousand_o man_n there_o be_v one_o man_n that_o shiver_n or_o sneeze_n for_o cold_a 12._o when_o chabrias_n the_o athenian_a be_v ready_a to_o fight_v at_o sea_n with_o his_o fleet_n there_o fall_v a_o thunderbolt_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o ship_n which_o affright_v his_o soldier_n who_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o a_o prodigious_a thing_n now_o say_v he_o we_o ought_v chief_o to_o begin_v to_o fight_v when_o the_o great_a of_o the_o god_n jupiter_n have_v give_v we_o a_o sign_n to_o our_o fleet_n that_o he_o will_v be_v present_a and_o assist_v we_o the_o second_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n a_o roman_a consul_n a_o short_a introduction_n in_o the_o first_o book_n we_o have_v already_o place_v in_o order_n the_o example_n fit_a in_o my_o opinion_n for_o a_o captain_n to_o understand_v in_o relation_n to_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v perform_v before_o a_o battle_n we_o shall_v now_o give_v a_o account_n of_o what_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v do_v in_o a_o battle_n and_o afterward_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v act_v in_o the_o conclusion_n of_o a_o fight_n or_o war._n now_o these_o be_v the_o particular_n which_o belong_v to_o a_o fight_n or_o battle_n chap._n 1._o of_o the_o time_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o a_o battle_n chap._n 2._o of_o the_o place_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o a_o battle_n chap._n 3._o of_o the_o marshal_n and_o order_v a_o army_n chap._n 4._o how_o to_o disorder_v a_o enemy_n army_n chap._n 5._o of_o ambush_n chap._n 6._o of_o suffer_v a_o enemy_n to_o depart_v for_o fear_n that_o out_o of_o despair_n he_o shall_v renew_v the_o fight_n chap._n 7._o how_o to_o dissemble_v ill_a success_n chap._n 8._o of_o restore_v a_o battle_n by_o constancy_n and_o courage_n chap._n 9_o of_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v practise_v after_o a_o fight_n if_o all_o thing_n succeed_v and_o of_o the_o finish_v a_o war._n chap._n 10._o of_o remedy_v ill_a success_n if_o thing_n happen_v contrary_a chap._n 11._o how_o to_o preserve_v such_o as_o be_v waver_v in_o their_o fidelity_n and_o allegiance_n chap._n 12._o the_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v about_o a_o camp_n if_o we_o have_v not_o
confidence_n enough_o in_o our_o present_a force_n chap._n 13._o of_o the_o manner_n how_o to_o make_v a_o escape_n chap._n i._o of_o the_o time_n to_o be_v choose_v for_o a_o battle_n example_n 1._o p._n scipio_n when_o he_o be_v in_o spain_n understand_v that_o hasdrubal_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n have_v command_v his_o army_n out_o to_o fight_v without_o their_o breakfast_n he_o therefore_o keep_v in_o his_o man_n till_o the_o seven_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o order_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n to_o rest_n and_o refresh_v themselves_o with_o food_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n tire_v with_o hunger_n thirst_v and_o wait_v be_v march_v again_o into_o their_o camp_n he_o lead_v out_o sudden_o his_o army_n give_v they_o battle_n and_o rout_v they_o 2._o when_o metellus_n pius_n general_n in_o spain_n against_o herculeius_n see_v that_o he_o bring_v forth_o his_o man_n by_o break_n of_o day_n before_o his_o camp_n in_o the_o hot_a season_n of_o the_o year_n he_o keep_v in_o his_o force_n within_o his_o camp_n till_o the_o six_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o when_o they_o be_v tire_v with_o the_o fervency_n of_o the_o sun_n he_o easy_o overcome_v with_o his_o fresh_a man_n such_o as_o be_v thus_o weary_v out_o 3._o the_o same_o metellus_n have_v join_v his_o force_n with_o those_o command_v by_o pompeius_n against_o sertorius_n in_o spain_n often_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n the_o enemy_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o not_o judge_v himself_o able_a to_o encounter_v with_o both_o general_n at_o last_o when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o soldier_n of_o sertorius_n demand_v very_o furious_o to_o fight_v lift_v up_o their_o shoulder_n and_o stretch_v out_o their_o lance_n he_o advise_v to_o give_v way_n for_o that_o time_n to_o their_o unusual_a fervency_n and_o to_o retreat_v into_o his_o camp_n with_o his_o man_n and_o persuade_v pompey_n to_o do_v the_o like_a 4._o posthumius_fw-la the_o consul_n in_o sicilia_n encamp_v about_o three_o mile_n from_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n their_o general_n draw_v up_o every_o day_n their_o troop_n in_o order_n before_o the_o fortification_n of_o the_o roman_n but_o he_o entertain_v they_o always_o with_o small_a party_n and_o light_a skirmish_n before_o his_o work_n until_o the_o enemy_n begin_v to_o despise_v and_o grow_v insolent_a by_o this_o custom_n then_o have_v provide_v all_o thing_n needful_a in_o the_o night_n according_a to_o his_o former_a custom_n he_o resist_v the_o onset_n of_o his_o enemy_n with_o a_o few_o of_o his_o man_n and_o keep_v they_o in_o play_n long_o than_o ordinary_a when_o they_o be_v sufficient_o tire_v out_o after_o the_o six_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n and_o they_o be_v ready_a to_o sound_v a_o retreat_n be_v very_o hungry_a with_o his_o fresh_a man_n he_o soon_o rout_v they_o that_o be_v overcome_v before_o with_o the_o forementioned_a evil_n 5._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a understand_v at_o what_o time_n the_o enemy_n be_v diligent_o take_v their_o food_n command_v his_o man_n to_o dispatch_v their_o eat_n soon_o that_o he_o may_v lead_v they_o out_o to_o battle_n and_o have_v assault_v the_o enemy_n he_o so_o entangle_v they_o that_o they_o can_v neither_o fight_v nor_o escape_v at_o last_o towards_o the_o evening_n he_o retreat_v with_o his_o army_n but_o keep_v they_o in_o arms._n the_o enemy_n be_v weary_a with_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n and_o hunger_n immediate_o haste_v to_o refresh_v themselves_o with_o rest_n and_o food_n then_o do_v iphicrates_n lead_v out_o his_o army_n and_o assault_v the_o disorder_a enemy_n in_o their_o camp_n 6._o the_o same_o person_n be_v general_n against_o the_o lacedaemonian_n pitch_v his_o camp_n near_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o when_o both_o party_n be_v accustom_v to_o march_v out_o at_o set_a time_n to_o bring_v in_o wood_n and_o forage_v on_o a_o certain_a day_n he_o send_v out_o a_o party_n of_o servant_n and_o scullion_n to_o perform_v this_o office_n and_o keep_v in_o his_o soldier_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v scatter_v to_o provide_v the_o same_o thing_n he_o take_v their_o camp_n and_o when_o they_o run_v back_o in_o haste_n at_o the_o noise_n of_o the_o tumult_n with_o their_o burden_n he_o easy_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n or_o take_v they_o prisoner_n 7._o veriginius_n the_o consul_n among_o the_o volsci_n when_o he_o spy_v the_o enemy_n run_v to_o they_o from_o far_o in_o disorder_n command_v his_o man_n to_o rest_v with_o their_o javelin_n fix_v in_o the_o ground_n then_o when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o breath_n he_o charge_v they_o with_o the_o fresh_a company_n of_o his_o army_n and_o rout_v they_o 8._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n know_v that_o the_o gaul_n and_o the_o samnite_n be_v use_v to_o prevail_v in_o the_o first_o onset_n and_o that_o the_o courage_n of_o his_o man_n be_v not_o to_o be_v weary_v out_o but_o increase_v the_o more_o by_o the_o delay_n of_o fight_v command_v they_o to_o be_v content_a in_o the_o first_o encounter_n to_o defend_v themselves_o that_o by_o degree_n they_o may_v weary_v the_o enemy_n which_o according_o succeed_v he_o than_o come_v on_o to_o assist_v they_o with_o the_o reserve_n and_o in_o the_o first_o battalion_n with_o all_o his_o force_n he_o rout_v the_o oppress_a enemy_n 9_o king_n philip_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o cheronca_n know_v that_o his_o soldier_n be_v harden_v by_o their_o long_a use_n of_o arm_n purposely_o draw_v in_o length_n the_o fight_n that_o he_o have_v with_o the_o athenian_n which_o be_v fierce_a indeed_o but_o without_o experience_n and_o sharp_a because_o of_o their_o furious_a assault_n but_o when_o the_o athenian_n begin_v to_o faint_v he_o advance_v more_o speedy_o with_o his_o colour_n and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 10._o the_o lacedaemonian_n understand_v for_o certain_a that_o the_o messenian_n be_v so_o enrage_v that_o they_o be_v come_v to_o fight_v against_o they_o with_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n delay_v the_o fight_n till_o another_o time_n 11._o c._n caesar_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o the_o army_n of_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n be_v enclose_v in_o by_o he_o and_o want_v water_n and_o therefore_o provoke_v to_o fight_v when_o they_o have_v destroy_v all_o their_o carriage_n to_o enter_v into_o the_o battle_n he_o keep_v in_o his_o man_n judge_v it_o no_o fit_a time_n to_o fight_v when_o he_o have_v provoke_v his_o enemy_n to_o anger_n and_o despair_n 12._o cn._n pompeius_n desire_v to_o force_n mithridates_n who_o be_v fly_v to_o fight_v he_o choose_v to_o encounter_v he_o in_o the_o night_n and_o to_o stop_v he_o in_o his_o retreat_n and_o thus_o be_v well_o prepare_v he_o drive_v he_o sudden_o to_o the_o necessity_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o so_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n that_o mithridates_n his_o man_n have_v the_o light_n of_o the_o moon_n in_o their_o face_n which_o show_v to_o the_o roman_n more_o plain_o their_o enemy_n in_o the_o night_n 13._o it_o be_v certain_a that_o jugurtha_n not_o unmindful_a of_o the_o roman_n skill_n and_o courage_n in_o arm_n be_v always_o wont_a to_o begin_v a_o fight_n towards_o the_o evening_n that_o if_o his_o man_n be_v beat_v they_o may_v have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o night_n to_o hide_v themselves_o 14._o lucullus_n general_n against_o mithridates_n and_o tigranes_n in_o armenia_n the_o great_a near_o tigranocerta_n find_v that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n only_o fifteen_o thousand_o fight_a man_n and_o that_o his_o enemy_n be_v a_o innumerable_a multitude_n but_o unexperienced_a and_o unfit_a for_o fight_v make_v use_v of_o their_o weakness_n encounter_v they_o when_o they_o be_v out_o of_o order_n and_o sudden_o rout_v they_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o two_o king_n be_v force_v to_o cast_v away_o their_o royal_a ornament_n and_o to_o fly_v 15._o cl._n tiberius_n nero_n fight_v against_o the_o pannoni_n when_o those_o barbarous_a people_n march_v out_o furious_o to_o the_o battle_n by_o break_n of_o day_n keep_v in_o his_o man_n and_o stay_v till_o the_o enemy_n be_v well_o beat_v with_o storm_n and_o rain_n which_o happen_v that_o day_n to_o be_v frequent_a at_o last_o when_o he_o see_v that_o they_o faint_v both_o in_o courage_n and_o strength_n by_o stand_v in_o the_o rain_n he_o give_v the_o signal_n charge_v and_o rout_v they_o 16._o when_o c._n caesar_n be_v general_n among_o the_o gaul_n he_o understand_v that_o ariovistus_n the_o king_n of_o the_o german_n have_v resolve_v and_o appoint_v this_o as_o a_o law_n to_o his_o soldier_n not_o to_o fight_v when_o the_o moon_n be_v in_o its_o decrecency_n he_o therefore_o then_o chief_o have_v appoint_v the_o battle_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v hinder_v by_o superstition_n overcome_v they_o 17._o d._n augustus_n vespasianus_n assault_v the_o jew_n on_o their_o sabbath-day_n when_o it_o be_v
resolve_v he_o therefore_o change_v the_o left_a wing_n of_o his_o army_n for_o his_o right_n which_o he_o have_v compose_v of_o the_o strong_a and_o able_a man_n and_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n army_n a-thwart_a at_o last_o he_o rout_v the_o african_n and_o easy_o force_v the_o spaniard_n who_o in_o the_o retreat_n stand_v still_o as_o looker_n on_o to_o surrender_v themselves_o 2._o philip_n king_n of_o macedo_n fight_v against_o the_o illyrian_n see_v that_o the_o front_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v very_o close_o together_o and_o compose_v of_o the_o choice_a man_n take_v out_o of_o the_o whole_a army_n which_o cause_v the_o side_n to_o be_v but_o weak_a he_o therefore_o place_v his_o best_a and_o stout_a man_n in_o his_o right_a wing_n and_o with_o they_o assault_v the_o leave_v of_o the_o enemy_n army_n rout_z and_o disorder_v they_o and_o get_v the_o victory_n 3._o when_o permenes_n the_o theban_a captain_n take_v notice_n of_o the_o persian_a army_n that_o their_o strong_a troop_n be_v in_o their_o right_a wing_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o man_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n he_o appoint_v all_o his_o horse_n and_o the_o able_a of_o all_o his_o foot_n to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n and_o oppose_v the_o weak_a of_o his_o against_o the_o strong_a of_o the_o persian_n and_o command_v they_o that_o at_o the_o first_o charge_n they_o shall_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n and_o retreat_n into_o the_o wood_n and_o rocky_a place_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o disappoint_v the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n and_o with_o the_o best_a part_n of_o his_o troop_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n he_o encompass_v about_o the_o persian_n and_o overthrow_v they_o 4._o when_o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n who_o be_v afterward_o firname_v africanus_n make_v war_n against_o asdrubal_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n in_o spain_n he_o lead_v out_o his_o army_n for_o several_a day_n so_o order_v in_o battle_n that_o the_o body_n or_o battalion_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v compose_v of_o his_o strong_a man_n but_o when_o the_o enemy_n also_o come_v forth_o constant_o dispose_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n scipio_n that_o very_a day_n that_o he_o have_v appoint_v to_o fight_v change_v the_o order_n of_o his_o battle_n and_o place_v his_o stout_a soldier_n namely_o his_o roman_a legion_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o his_o man_n who_o be_v slender_o arm_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o something_o behind_o the_o rest_n by_o this_o mean_n he_o assault_v with_o his_o two_o wing_n that_o be_v strong_a and_o appear_v like_o a_o half_a moon_n the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n and_o easy_o rout_v they_o 5._o metellus_n in_o that_o battle_n wherein_o he_o overcome_v herculeius_n in_o spain_n when_o he_o understand_v that_o his_o enemy_n troop_n that_o be_v esteem_v the_o stout_a be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_n cause_v his_o battalion_n that_o be_v opposite_a to_o draw_v back_o that_o they_o may_v not_o come_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n until_o their_o wing_n be_v rout_v and_o their_o main_a body_n enclose_v in_o on_o both_o side_n 6._o artaxerxes_n march_v against_o the_o grecian_n who_o be_v enter_v into_o persia_n because_o he_o exceed_v they_o in_o number_n of_o man_n he_o stretch_v out_o his_o army_n far_o than_o the_o enemy_n and_o place_v his_o horse_n in_o the_o van_n and_o such_o as_o be_v light_o arm_v in_o the_o wing_n and_o thus_o he_o march_v soft_o on_o purpose_n with_o his_o middle_a battalion_n that_o he_o may_v encompass_v they_o which_o when_o he_o have_v do_v he_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n 7._o hannibal_n observe_v a_o contrary_a order_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n for_o he_o cause_v the_o middle_a battalion_n to_o advance_v before_o and_o keep_v back_o the_o wing_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o overpower_v their_o man_n at_o the_o first_o charge_n for_o this_o same_o general_n cause_v his_o soldier_n to_o fight_v close_o together_o and_o the_o wing_n to_o wind_v about_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o half-moon_n and_o to_o march_v on_o at_o his_o command_n so_o that_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v earnest_a in_o the_o pursuit_n he_o enclose_v they_o into_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o army_n fall_v upon_o they_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n on_o all_o side_n for_o his_o soldier_n be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o this_o manner_n of_o fight_v after_o a_o long_a experience_n none_o but_o such_o soldier_n as_o be_v well_o skilled_a and_o able_a to_o answer_v to_o every_o thing_n can_v possible_o perform_v and_o observe_v this_o kind_n of_o warfare_n 8._o livius_n salinator_n and_o claudius_n nero_n when_o in_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n hasdrubal_n be_v unwilling_a to_o fight_v and_o therefore_o have_v draw_v up_o his_o army_n upon_o a_o stony_a hill_n behind_o a_o vineyard_n lead_v their_o force_n up_o on_o all_o side_n surround_v he_o on_o every_o hand_n and_o without_o shelter_n assault_v and_o overcome_v he_o 9_o when_o hannibal_n have_v be_v in_o many_o battle_n overpower_v by_o claudius_n marcellus_n at_o last_o in_o his_o march_n he_o so_o place_v his_o camp_n that_o he_o have_v the_o assistance_n and_o defence_n either_o of_o some_o hill_n or_o marsh_n ground_n or_o some_o other_o convenient_a place_n and_o do_v draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o advantage_n he_o can_v retreat_v with_o they_o into_o his_o fortification_n with_o little_a or_o no_o loss_n and_o when_o they_o be_v beat_v it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o choice_n to_o pursue_v they_o 10._o xanthippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n in_o africa_n against_o m._n attilius_n regulus_n place_v his_o man_n slender_o arm_v in_o the_o van_n and_o the_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n next_o to_o second_v they_o command_v his_o auxiliary_a troop_n assoon_o as_o they_o have_v cast_v their_o dart_n to_o give_v ground_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o when_o they_o be_v retreat_v within_o their_o own_o rank_n to_o run_v immediate_o to_o the_o side_n and_o to_o charge_n from_o both_o wing_n the_o enemy_n that_o be_v at_o handy_a blow_n with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o army_n and_o to_o surround_v they_o in_o 11._o sertorius_n practise_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o spain_n when_o he_o be_v fight_v against_o pompey_n 12._o cleandridas_n the_o lacedaemonian_a general_n against_o the_o lucani_n draw_v up_o his_o man_n close_o together_o that_o they_o may_v appear_v but_o a_o small_a body_n and_o more_o contemptible_a to_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v he_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o open_v and_o have_v encompass_v in_o the_o enemy_n he_o rout_v they_o 13._o when_o gastron_n the_o lacedaemonian_a go_v to_o succour_n the_o egyptian_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o understand_v that_o his_o grecian_a troop_n be_v stout_a soldier_n and_o most_o fear_v of_o the_o persian_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o change_v their_o arm_n and_o to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n and_o when_o they_o encounter_v with_o the_o persian_n with_o equal_a advantage_n he_o send_v a_o party_n of_o egyptian_n to_o second_v they_o when_o the_o persian_n who_o be_v fight_v with_o those_o grecian_n who_o they_o think_v to_o be_v egyptian_n perceive_v the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o multitude_n who_o they_o esteem_v to_o be_v also_o grecian_n they_o run_v away_o for_o fear_n 14._o cn._n pompcius_n in_o albania_n because_o the_o enemy_n be_v powerful_a in_o horse_n and_o number_n of_o man_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o cover_v their_o head_n piece_n in_o a_o straight_a place_n near_o a_o hill_n for_o fear_v they_o shall_v be_v discover_v by_o their_o shine_a in_o the_o sun_n and_o he_o command_v his_o horseman_n to_o go_v down_o into_o the_o plain_a and_o cover_v the_o foot_n and_o at_o the_o first_o onset_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o give_v back_o till_o they_o be_v return_v to_o the_o foot_n and_o then_o to_o place_v themselves_o in_o the_o wing_n which_o be_v according_o perform_v the_o roman_a army_n arise_v encounter_v with_o those_o that_o be_v unadvised_o get_v in_o so_o far_o who_o meet_v with_o a_o unexpected_a resistance_n be_v cut_v all_o in_o piece_n 15._o m._n antonius_n general_n against_o the_o parthian_n command_v his_o man_n to_o stop_v when_o a_o innumerable_a company_n of_o arrow_n be_v discharge_v upon_o they_o and_o to_o cover_v themselves_o over_o with_o their_o target_n upon_o which_o when_o the_o arrow_n fall_v do_v no_o injury_n to_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o enemy_n be_v thereby_o exhaust_v 16._o when_o hannibal_n encounter_v with_o scipio_n in_o africa_n because_o he_o have_v a_o army_n compose_v of_o carthaginian_n and_o auxiliary_a troop_n some_o be_v come_v from_o divers_a country_n and_o from_o italy_n also_o behind_o fourscore_o elephant_n which_o he_o cause_v to_o march_v before_o his_o army_n to_o disorder_v the_o roman_a rank_n he_o place_v
teutoni_n a_o people_n of_o germany_n near_o the_o water_n sextiae_n he_o send_v marcellus_n with_o a_o small_a party_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n by_o night_n to_o fall_v upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o better_a to_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o army_n command_v the_o servant_n and_o cook_n to_o go_v also_o arm_v with_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o beast_n for_o carriage_n and_o cart_n cover_v over_o with_o course_n coverleds_o the_o better_a to_o show_v the_o likeness_n of_o horseman_n he_o command_v they_o that_o assoon_o as_o they_o see_v the_o battle_n begin_v they_o shall_v come_v down_o upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o enemy_n this_o appearance_n strike_v so_o great_a a_o terror_n into_o the_o enemy_n that_o their_o most_o valiant_a man_n immediate_o flee_v 7._o m._n licinius_n crassus_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o fugitive_n when_o he_o be_v to_o lead_v out_o his_o army_n near_o calamarcum_fw-la against_o castus_n and_o canimocus_fw-la captain_n of_o the_o gaul_n send_v twelve_o band_n or_o cohort_n command_v by_o c._n promptinus_fw-la and_o c._n martius_n rufus_n his_o lieutenant_n round_o about_o a_o hill_n so_o that_o when_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v this_o party_n come_v behind_o the_o enemy_n with_o a_o great_a noise_n and_o rout_v they_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o instead_o of_o fight_v they_o all_o flee_v 8._o when_o marcellus_n be_v afraid_a that_o the_o small_a number_n of_o his_o man_n will_v be_v discover_v by_o their_o hollow_v command_v all_o the_o follower_n of_o his_o army_n to_o increase_v the_o hollow_v by_o this_o mean_v he_o use_v to_o fright_v the_o enemy_n with_o the_o appearance_n of_o a_o great_a army_n 9_o valerius_n levinus_n in_o a_o battle_n against_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n have_v kill_v with_o his_o sword_n a_o certain_a common_a soldier_n hold_v it_o up_o all_o bloody_a in_o the_o fight_n of_o both_o army_n tell_v they_o that_o therewith_o he_o have_v slay_v pyrrhus_n therefore_o the_o enemy_n think_v that_o they_o have_v lose_v their_o leader_n and_o trouble_v with_o this_o lie_n retreat_v in_o fear_n into_o their_o camp_n 10._o jugurtha_n fight_v in_o numidia_n against_o c._n marius_n have_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n by_o his_o long_a live_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n advance_v to_o the_o first_o rank_n and_o declare_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n in_o latin_a that_o he_o have_v kill_v c._n marius_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v trouble_v many_o of_o the_o roman_a army_n 11._o mynnide_n the_o athenian_a command_v in_o a_o doubtful_a fight_n against_o the_o theban_n sudden_o run_v to_o his_o right_a wing_n and_o cry_v out_o aloud_o that_o the_o leave_v have_v already_o get_v the_o victory_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o increase_v the_o courage_n and_o cheerfulness_n of_o his_o man_n and_o so_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n that_o they_o flee_v and_o leave_v he_o the_o victory_n 12._o when_o croesus_n be_v to_o fight_v against_o a_o strong_a party_n of_o horse_n he_o cause_v a_o great_a company_n of_o camel_n to_o meet_v they_o the_o horse_n be_v so_o trouble_v at_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o sight_n that_o they_o cast_v down_o their_o rider_n run_v upon_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o foot_n and_o give_v the_o victory_n to_o the_o enemy_n 13._o when_o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epyrus_n be_v to_o fight_v for_o they_o of_o tarentum_n against_o the_o roman_n he_o make_v use_v of_o his_o elephant_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o disorder_v the_o roman_a army_n 14._o and_o the_o carthaginian_n also_o have_v often_o practise_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o their_o fight_v against_o the_o roman_n 15._o the_o camp_n of_o the_o volsci_n be_v seat_v near_o bush_n and_o wood_n camillus_n cause_v all_o that_o will_v burn_v to_o be_v carry_v to_o their_o frenche_n and_o there_o to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o drive_v the_o enemy_n from_o thence_o 16._o m._n crassus_n in_o the_o war_n of_o the_o confederate_n be_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n surprise_v with_o almost_o all_o his_o army_n 17._o the_o spaniard_n in_o a_o fight_n against_o hamilcar_n put_v before_o they_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n cart_n full_a of_o combustible_a matter_n and_o brimstone_n draw_v by_o ox_n and_o when_o the_o signal_n of_o the_o fight_n be_v give_v they_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n then_o drive_v the_o ox_n to_o the_o enemy_n they_o break_v through_o and_o discomfit_v they_o 18._o the_o falisci_n and_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o tarqvinius_n apparel_v many_o of_o their_o man_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o priest_n with_o torches_z and_o snake_n in_o their_o hand_n send_v they_o in_o a_o furious_a manner_n to_o disturb_v and_o disorder_v the_o roman_a army_n 19_o the_o vejente_n and_o fidenates_n with_o light_a torch_n practise_v the_o same_o policy_n 20._o when_o atheas_n king_n of_o the_o scythian_n be_v to_o fight_v against_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o triballi_n than_o he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n he_o order_v the_o woman_n and_o boy_n and_o all_o such_o as_o be_v unfit_a to_o fight_v to_o drive_v upon_o the_o last_o battalion_n of_o the_o enemy_n all_o the_o ox_n and_o ass_n that_o he_o have_v and_o to_o carry_v up_o a_o end_n pike_n in_o their_o hand_n by_o which_o appearance_n he_o cause_v a_o rumour_n to_o be_v spread_v among_o the_o enemy_n that_o succour_n be_v come_v from_o the_o far_a part_n of_o scythia_n to_o his_o assistance_n which_o so_o discourage_v they_o that_o they_o be_v overthrow_v chap._n v._o of_o ambush_n example_n 1._o when_o romulus_n go_v against_o the_o town_n of_o fidenae_n he_o leave_v a_o part_n of_o his_o force_n in_o holes_n and_o cave_n and_o by_o a_o pretend_a flight_n cause_v the_o enemy_n to_o follow_v unadvised_o so_o far_o as_o his_o conceal_a soldier_n who_o immediate_o rise_v up_o assault_v the_o unwary_a and_o disperse_a enemy_n on_o all_o hand_n and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 2._o q._n fabius_n maximus_n consul_n be_v send_v to_o aid_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o sutrium_n against_o the_o hetrusci_n oblige_v all_o the_o enemy_n troop_n to_o fall_v upon_o he_o and_o afterward_o in_o a_o seem_a fear_n retreat_v to_o a_o high_a ground_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n pursue_v in_o a_o disorderly_a manner_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o hill_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o not_o only_o rout_v they_o but_o take_v their_o camp_n 3._o t._n sempronius_n gracchus_n general_n against_o the_o celtiberi_n a_o people_n of_o spain_n pretend_v a_o fear_n and_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o keep_v within_o their_o fortification_n only_o he_o send_v out_o some_o of_o his_o company_n light_o arm_v to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o upon_o a_o sudden_a he_o cause_v they_o to_o retreat_v in_o again_o which_o cause_v the_o enemy_n to_o follow_v in_o pursuit_n then_o do_v he_o assault_v they_o in_o good_a order_n and_o make_v such_o a_o slaughter_n of_o they_o that_o he_o take_v their_o camp_n 4._o q._n metellus_n consul_n general_n in_o sicily_n against_o hasdrubal_n be_v more_o wary_a and_o careful_a because_o of_o the_o enemy_n vast_a number_n and_o one_o hundred_o and_o thirty_o elephant_n which_o they_o have_v in_o their_o army_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v therefore_o diffident_a of_o his_o own_o force_n and_o keep_v his_o army_n within_o the_o town_n of_o panormus_n have_v draw_v a_o ditch_n of_o a_o very_a great_a breadth_n before_o his_o army_n but_o after_o when_o he_o see_v in_o hasdrubal_n army_n that_o in_o the_o front_n the_o elephant_n do_v march_v he_o command_v the_o spear-man_n to_o assault_v they_o with_o their_o weapon_n and_o to_o retreat_v immediate_o back_o again_o within_o their_o fortification_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o beast_n be_v move_v by_o this_o offer_n of_o a_o fight_n and_o disappoint_v drive_v the_o elephant_n into_o the_o very_a ditch_n in_o which_o they_o be_v no_o soon_o stop_v and_o entangle_v but_o they_o be_v either_o kill_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o dart_n cast_v at_o they_o or_o drive_v back_o upon_o their_o own_o army_n which_o they_o disorder_a then_o metellus_n wait_v for_o this_o opportunity_n sally_v out_o of_o his_o trench_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n assaulted_z the_o carthaginian_n on_o all_o side_n rout_v they_o and_o take_v their_o elephant_n 5._o tamiris_n queen_n of_o scythia_n fight_v with_o cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n upon_o a_o equal_a advantage_n by_o a_o pretend_a fear_n lead_v he_o into_o certain_a strait_n with_o which_o her_o soldier_n be_v well_o acquaint_v and_o then_o turn_v back_o on_o a_o sudden_a and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o place_n overcome_v he_o 6._o when_o the_o egyptian_n be_v to_o fight_v a_o battle_n in_o field_n in_o which_o two_o marsh_n meet_v they_o hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o sedge_n and_o when_o the_o battle_n be_v begin_v they_o pretend_v
to_o fly_v but_o in_o the_o flight_n bring_v into_o their_o ambush_n the_o enemy_n who_o run_v furious_o in_o unknown_a ground_n stick_v fast_o in_o the_o mire_n and_o by_o that_o mean_n be_v circumvent_v 7._o viriatus_n who_o of_o a_o robber_n turn_v general_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n a_o people_n of_o spain_n seem_o flee_v before_o the_o roman_a cavalry_n until_o he_o have_v lead_v they_o into_o a_o place_n full_a of_o pit_n and_o craggy_a with_o which_o he_o be_v so_o well_o acquaint_v that_o he_o escape_v with_o his_o party_n through_o a_o firm_a path_n then_o do_v he_o fall_v upon_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o be_v fast_o in_o the_o mire_n and_o in_o a_o ground_n which_o they_o know_v not_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 8._o fulvius_n general_n in_o the_o cimbrick_n war_n have_v his_o camp_n near_o adjoin_v to_o the_o enemy_n command_v his_o cavalry_n to_o ride_v up_o to_o their_o trench_n to_o provoke_v they_o to_o fight_v and_o then_o to_o pretend_v to_o fly_v and_o retreat_n back_o when_o he_o have_v practise_v this_o policy_n for_o certain_a day_n the_o cimbri_n follow_v they_o furious_o so_o that_o he_o take_v notice_n that_o their_o camp_n be_v not_o so_o well_o man_v as_o before_o therefore_o with_o part_n of_o his_o army_n he_o cause_v his_o usual_a custom_n to_o be_v observe_v with_o another_o party_n of_o light-harnessed_n soldier_n he_o march_v to_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o enemy_n camp_n undiscovered_a and_o when_o he_o see_v that_o they_o be_v go_v out_o in_o pursuit_n as_o their_o manner_n be_v he_o sudden_o assault_v they_o break_v through_o the_o trench_n that_o be_v forsake_v and_o take_v the_o camp_n 9_o cn._n fulvius_n when_o a_o army_n of_o the_o falisci_n far_o great_a than_o the_o roman_n be_v enter_v into_o their_o border_n cause_v certain_a house_n far_o from_o his_o camp_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o some_o of_o his_o soldier_n and_o the_o enemy_n think_v that_o they_o have_v be_v do_v by_o some_o of_o their_o man_n in_o hope_n of_o booty_n march_v out_o into_o several_a party_n which_o weaken_a the_o main_a body_n 10._o alexander_n march_v out_o of_o epirus_n against_o the_o illyrian_n place_v a_o small_a party_n in_o ambush_n and_o cause_v some_o of_o his_o own_o man_n in_o the_o habit_n of_o illyrian_n to_o destroy_v and_o burn_v his_o own_o country_n of_o epirus_n which_o when_o the_o illyrian_n see_v they_o begin_v to_o scatter_v and_o to_o plunder_v every_o where_n and_o the_o more_o confident_o because_o the_o spoiler_n serve_v they_o as_o scout_n who_o purposely_o decoy_v they_o into_o a_o uneven_a ground_n and_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o rout_v they_o 11._o leptenes_n also_o general_n of_o syracuse_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n command_v his_o own_o country_n to_o be_v destroy_v and_o certain_a village_n and_o castle_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n may_v think_v that_o this_o be_v do_v by_o their_o own_o party_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o march_v out_o to_o help_v and_o to_o fall_v into_o a_o ambush_n that_o rout_v they_o 12._o maharbal_n be_v send_v general_n against_o the_o rebellious_a african_n know_v that_o they_o be_v greedy_a of_o wine_n he_o therefore_o cause_v a_o vessel_n of_o wine_n to_o be_v season_v with_o mandrake_n that_o have_v a_o stupify_a virtue_n next_o to_o poison_n afterward_o when_o he_o come_v to_o skirmish_v a_o little_a with_o the_o enemy_n he_o sound_v a_o retreat_n out_o of_o design_n and_o in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n have_v leave_v in_o his_o camp_n some_o of_o his_o baggage_n and_o all_o his_o wine_n poison_v with_o that_o ingredient_n he_o pretend_v to_o fly_v when_o the_o barbarous_a enemy_n have_v take_v his_o camp_n they_o give_v themselves_o over_o to_o rejoice_v and_o to_o drink_v free_o of_o the_o poison_a wine_n which_o cause_v they_o to_o lie_v on_o the_o ground_n stupefy_v as_o dead_a at_o that_o instant_a maharbal_n return_v with_o his_o army_n take_v and_o slay_v they_o without_o resistance_n 13._o hannibal_n know_v that_o his_o own_o and_o the_o roman_n camp_n be_v in_o a_o place_n that_o want_v wood_n lest_o behind_o he_o purposely_o in_o a_o desert_a place_n many_o head_n of_o cattle_n within_o his_o camp_n of_o which_o when_o the_o roman_n have_v take_v possession_n in_o this_o great_a want_n of_o wood_n load_v themselves_o with_o raw_a and_o unwholesome_a meat_n then_o do_v hannibal_n return_v in_o the_o night_n with_o his_o army_n and_o find_v they_o secure_a and_o distemper_a with_o raw_a flesh_n he_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o 14._o when_o tiberius_n gracchus_n be_v general_n in_o spain_n he_o understand_v that_o the_o enemy_n be_v poor_a and_o want_v trade_n he_o leave_v therefore_o his_o camp_n furnish_v with_o all_o manner_n of_o dainty_n for_o food_n which_o when_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v and_o fill_v themselves_o without_o measure_n he_o bring_v back_o his_o army_n and_o sudden_o overpower_a they_o 15._o they_o who_o make_v war_n against_o the_o erythraean_n take_v one_o of_o their_o scout_n stand_v in_o a_o enemy_n place_n and_o kill_v he_o give_v his_o clothes_n to_o one_o of_o their_o own_o soldier_n who_o make_v such_o sign_n to_o the_o erythraean_n as_o that_o they_o be_v bring_v thereby_o into_o a_o ambuscado_n 16._o whereas_o the_o arabian_n have_v a_o note_a custom_n among_o they_o to_o signify_v the_o come_n of_o a_o enemy_n by_o day_n with_o smoak_n by_o night_n with_o fire_n they_o therefore_o order_v this_o to_o be_v continual_o practise_v but_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v approach_v to_o forbear_v the_o custom_n who_o when_o they_o see_v no_o fire_n imagine_v that_o their_o come_v be_v not_o know_v they_o enter_v therefore_o too_o hasty_o into_o the_o border_n be_v destroy_v 17._o alexander_n the_o macedonian_a when_o the_o enemy_n have_v fortify_v their_o camp_n in_o a_o high_a wood_n take_v a_o party_n of_o his_o man_n command_v those_o who_o be_v leave_v behind_o to_o kindle_v fire_n as_o former_o and_o to_o show_v the_o appearance_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o lead_v that_o select_a party_n by_o unknown_a way_n round_o about_o to_o the_o high_a ground_n from_o whence_o he_o assault_v and_o drive_v away_o the_o enemy_n 18._o memnon_n king_n of_o rhodes_n be_v strong_a than_o the_o enemy_n in_o calvary_n and_o they_o abide_v on_o hill_n for_o shelter_n resolve_v to_o bring_v they_o down_o with_o this_o policy_n he_o send_v some_o of_o his_o soldier_n into_o their_o camp_n as_o run-a-way_n to_o inform_v they_o that_o memnon_n army_n be_v already_o vex_v with_o a_o sore_a sedition_n and_o that_o some_o part_n of_o it_o be_v already_o go_v and_o that_o he_o may_v confirm_v they_o in_o that_o belief_n he_o order_v some_o little_a fort_n in_o every_o side_n to_o be_v fortify_v in_o the_o enemy_n sight_n as_o if_o they_o intend_v to_o refuge_n themselves_o there_o who_o be_v at_o variance_n when_o they_o who_o be_v in_o the_o mountain_n hear_v of_o this_o they_o come_v down_o upon_o the_o plain_a ground_n and_o while_o they_o be_v assault_v the_o castle_n and_o fort_n they_o be_v surround_v by_o the_o cavalry_n of_o memnon_n 19_o harridas_fw-la king_n of_o the_o molossi_n be_v at_o war_n with_o ardies_n the_o illyrian_a who_o have_v a_o more_o numerous_a army_n send_v away_o all_o his_o weak_a people_n into_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o aetolia_n to_o disperse_v the_o same_o that_o he_o intend_v to_o deliver_v up_o his_o city_n and_o wealth_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o aetolian_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o place_v all_o such_o as_o can_v bear_v arm_n in_o ambush_n in_o the_o mountain_n and_o rocky_a place_n the_o illyrian_n fear_v lest_o the_o aetolian_n shall_v take_v possession_n of_o all_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o molossi_n haste_v to_o the_o plunder_n without_o order_n then_o do_v harridas_fw-la come_v out_o of_o his_o ambush_n assault_v they_o unaware_o and_o scatter_v up_o and_o down_o rout_z and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n 20._o t._n labienus_n while_o he_o be_v caesar_n lieutenant_n against_o the_o gaul_n before_o the_o arrival_n of_o the_o german_n who_o he_o know_v will_v come_v to_o their_o assistance_n desire_v to_o fight_v with_o they_o but_o make_v show_v of_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o own_o force_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o plant_v his_o camp_n on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n and_o appoint_v to_o march_v away_o on_o the_o next_o day_n the_o gaul_n think_v that_o he_o have_v flee_v away_o they_o resolve_v therefore_o to_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n that_o be_v between_o they_o but_o while_o they_o be_v busy_a in_o pass_v over_o the_o river_n he_o have_v bring_v about_o his_o army_n upon_o they_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 21._o when_o hannibal_n understand_v that_o
neighbour_a wood_n in_o the_o night_n so_o that_o in_o the_o front_n they_o place_v the_o spaniard_n light_o arm_v and_o fit_a for_o a_o sudden_a surprise_n and_o skirmish_n next_o to_o they_o such_o as_o carry_v buckler_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o horseman_n and_o that_o the_o neigh_n of_o the_o horse_n may_v not_o discover_v the_o design_n he_o command_v they_o to_o rest_n and_o keep_v silence_n until_o the_o three_o hour_n of_o the_o day_n but_o when_o pompey_n soldier_n be_v upon_o their_o return_n load_v with_o fodder_n and_o secure_a and_o that_o such_o as_o keep_v the_o guard_n be_v invite_v by_o the_o quietness_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o march_v out_o and_o seek_v also_o for_o forage_v first_o the_o spaniard_n sally_v out_o and_o fall_v furious_o as_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o nation_n be_v upon_o such_o as_o be_v wander_v up_o and_o down_o wound_v and_o cut_v they_o when_o they_o least_o expect_v it_o and_o before_o pompey_n can_v resist_v and_o stop_v they_o the_o party_n arm_v with_o buckler_n break_v out_o of_o the_o wood_n and_o rout_v such_o as_o be_v rally_v together_o in_o some_o order_n as_o they_o be_v fly_v the_o horseman_n be_v send_v out_o to_o pursue_v and_o slay_v they_o all_o that_o space_n that_o be_v between_o they_o and_o the_o roman_a camp_n and_o there_o be_v care_n take_v that_o none_o shall_v escape_v for_o the_o other_o two_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o horseman_n be_v send_v gallop_v before_o by_o a_o near_a way_n return_v and_o meet_v such_o as_o be_v fly_v first_o before_o they_o can_v come_v to_o pompey_n camp_n assoon_o as_o pompey_n understand_v it_o he_o send_v out_o a_o legion_n command_v by_o laelius_n to_o succour_v his_o man_n at_o who_o approach_n the_o horseman_n draw_v up_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n as_o if_o they_o have_v give_v place_n afterward_o they_o fall_v by_o this_o mean_n upon_o the_o back_n of_o the_o legion_n at_o the_o same_o time_n when_o such_o as_o pursue_v after_o the_o forager_n meet_v with_o it_o thus_o be_v this_o poor_a legion_n destroy_v between_o two_o party_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o when_o pompey_n lead_v out_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o assist_v and_o relieve_v it_o sertorius_n also_o appear_v with_o his_o army_n on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n ready_a for_o the_o encounter_n and_o hinder_v pompey_n from_o proceed_v far_o so_o that_o beside_o a_o twofold_a loss_n procure_v by_o the_o same_o policy_n he_o stop_v and_o make_v he_o a_o spectator_n of_o the_o defeat_n and_o destruction_n of_o his_o men._n this_o be_v the_o first_o fight_n between_o sertorius_n and_o pompey_n ten_o thousand_o of_o pompey_n army_n be_v slay_v and_o all_o their_o carriage_n be_v lose_v say_v livius_n 32._o pompey_n in_o spain_n have_v appoint_v before_o such_o as_o shall_v rise_v out_o of_o a_o secret_a place_n to_o give_v the_o assault_n pretend_v that_o he_o be_v afraid_a and_o by_o that_o mean_v lead_v the_o pursue_a enemy_n into_o difficult_a place_n afterward_o when_o he_o see_v his_o time_n he_o set_v upon_o they_o before_o and_o on_o each_o side_n and_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n and_o their_o captain_n perpenna_n he_o take_v prisoner_n 33._o when_o the_o same_o pompey_n be_v general_n in_o armenia_n against_o mithridates_n who_o be_v the_o strong_a in_o horse_n he_o hide_v three_o thousand_o light_o arm_v with_o five_o hundred_o horseman_n in_o the_o night_n in_o bush_n which_o be_v between_o the_o two_o camp_n the_o next_o morning_n betimes_o he_o send_v out_o his_o horseman_n as_o far_o as_o the_o enemy_n guard_n so_o draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n that_o when_o he_o shall_v begin_v to_o fight_v with_o all_o the_o enemy_n cavalry_n they_o shall_v in_o good_a order_n give_v back_o by_o degree_n until_o such_o time_n as_o they_o may_v afford_v time_n for_o the_o ambuscado_n to_o rise_v behind_o who_o be_v there_o on_o purpose_n all_o which_o happen_v according_o to_o his_o desire_n with_o those_o troop_n that_o seem_v to_o retreat_n he_o cut_v in_o piece_n the_o middle_a battalion_n of_o his_o enemy_n which_o be_v out_o of_o order_n and_o with_o his_o footman_n that_o enter_v pell-mell_o he_o kill_v their_o horse_n so_o that_o in_o that_o battle_n he_o ruine_v the_o king_n great_a trust_n which_o he_o repose_v in_o his_o horseman_n 34._o m._n crassus_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o fugitive_n near_o the_o mountain_n cathena_fw-la fortify_v two_o camp_n near_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n but_o in_o the_o night_n change_v the_o soldier_n of_o the_o one_o and_o receive_v they_o into_o the_o other_o leave_v still_o the_o general_n be_v tent_n in_o the_o great_a camp_n the_o better_a to_o deceive_v the_o enemy_n he_o himself_o draw_v out_o all_o his_o force_n and_o make_v a_o halt_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o say_a mountain_n and_o have_v divide_v his_o cavalry_n command_v l._n quintius_n with_o one_o part_n to_o face_n spartacus_n but_o not_o to_o engage_v in_o a_o fight_n with_o he_o with_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o cavalry_n he_o encounter_v with_o the_o gaul_n and_o german_n that_o be_v of_o the_o faction_n of_o castus_n and_o gannicus_n but_o order_v they_o to_o draw_v they_o by_o degree_n by_o a_o dissemble_a fight_n to_o the_o place_n where_o he_o himself_o stand_v ready_a in_o battle_n who_o when_o the_o barbarous_a people_n follow_v the_o cavalry_n fall_v into_o the_o wing_n and_o sudden_o the_o roman_a army_n open_v and_o fall_v on_o with_o a_o shout_n so_o that_o thirty_o five_o thousand_o soldier_n be_v there_o destroy_v with_o their_o commander_n as_o livius_n write_v five_o roman_a eagle_n be_v recover_v six_o and_o twenty_o colour_n with_o much_o spoil_n be_v take_v and_o among_o they_o five_o bundle_n of_o rod_n with_o axe_n 35._o c._n cassius_n general_n in_o syria_n against_o the_o parth_n put_v his_o cavalry_n forth_o in_o the_o van_n but_o hide_v his_o infantry_n behind_o in_o difficult_a and_o steep_a place_n afterward_o when_o the_o cavalry_n begin_v to_o retreat_n and_o to_o save_v itself_o by_o know_v way_n he_o draw_v the_o parthian_a army_n into_o the_o ambush_n that_o be_v provide_v for_o they_o and_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n 36._o when_o the_o parthian_n and_o labienus_n be_v become_v proud_a of_o their_o success_n and_o victory_n ventidius_n the_o roman_a general_n by_o keep_v in_o his_o army_n together_o in_o their_o camp_n draw_v they_o upon_o he_o and_o when_o he_o find_v they_o in_o a_o disadvantageous_a post_n he_o fall_v upon_o they_o in_o a_o sally_n and_o so_o overthrow_v they_o that_o they_o forsake_v labienus_n and_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o roman_a territory_n 37._o the_o same_o ventidius_n be_v general_n against_o the_o parthian_n command_v by_o pharnastanes_n and_o have_v with_o he_o but_o a_o small_a number_n of_o soldier_n perceive_v that_o the_o enemy_n grow_v more_o bold_a because_o they_o exceed_v they_o in_o number_n therefore_o he_o post_v at_o one_o side_n of_o his_o camp_n in_o a_o dark_a valley_n eighteen_o company_n and_o behind_o the_o foot_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o cavalry_n then_o he_o send_v a_o very_a few_o soldier_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n who_o pretend_v to_o fly_v draw_v the_o parthian_n who_o greedy_o pursue_v after_o they_o beyond_o the_o place_n where_o the_o ambush_n lie_v which_o rise_v at_o that_o instant_n kill_v the_o parthian_a general_n pharnastanes_n and_o put_v the_o pursuer_n to_o flight_n 38._o c._n caesar_n when_o his_o camp_n and_o that_o of_o afranius_n stand_v in_o two_o plain_n one_o against_o another_o and_o that_o it_o concern_v either_o of_o they_o to_o be_v master_n of_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n find_v it_o difficult_a to_o get_v they_o because_o of_o the_o steep_a rock_n before_o he_o he_o therefore_o begin_v to_o retreat_v back_o as_o if_o he_o will_v return_v to_o the_o river_n herda_n the_o want_n of_o necessary_n persuade_v afranius_n that_o this_o be_v his_o purpose_n but_o after_o a_o little_a while_n he_o take_v a_o small_a compass_n about_o to_o get_v the_o command_n of_o the_o hill_n which_o when_o the_o army_n of_o afranius_n perceive_v they_o be_v much_o trouble_v as_o if_o their_o camp_n have_v be_v take_v they_o therefore_o in_o all_o haste_n run_v towards_o those_o hill_n caesar_n foresee_v this_o partly_o with_o his_o foot_n which_o he_o send_v to_o meet_v they_o and_o partly_o with_o his_o horse_n which_o he_o appoint_v to_o fall_v upon_o their_o back_n he_o overthrow_v they_o 39_o antonius_n at_o a_o city_n of_o italy_n understand_v that_o the_o conful_n pansa_n be_v come_v place_v a_o ambush_n in_o the_o wood_n near_o the_o aemilian_a way_n assaulted_z his_o troop_n and_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o give_v he_o such_o a_o mortal_a wound_n that_o he_o die_v a_o few_o day_n after_o 40._o king_n juba_n in_o africa_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n
the_o city_n wall_n 7._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a general_n in_o arcadia_n when_o the_o woman_n of_o the_o enemy_n come_v out_o of_o the_o city_n on_o a_o festival_n day_n and_o wander_v up_o and_o down_o in_o company_n join_v to_o they_o some_o of_o his_o own_o soldier_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o woman_n who_o be_v admit_v in_o that_o habit_n within_o the_o gate_n towards_o the_o night_n master_v the_o town_n and_o let_v in_o their_o own_o men._n 8._o aristippus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a on_o the_o festival_n day_n of_o the_o tegeatae_n when_o a_o multitude_n be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o wall_n to_o celebrate_v the_o service_n of_o minerva_n send_v beast_n load_v and_o fill_v with_o sack_n of_o straw_n instead_o of_o wheat_n into_o the_o city_n with_o soldier_n to_o drive_v they_o who_o be_v under_o the_o appearance_n of_o merchant_n admit_v and_o they_o open_v the_o gate_n undiscovered_a to_o their_o own_o men._n 9_o antiochus_n in_o cappadocia_n take_v a_o beast_n which_o be_v come_v out_o of_o a_o castle_n call_v suenda_fw-la to_o fetch_v wheat_n and_o have_v kill_v the_o driver_n he_o send_v with_o it_o his_o own_o man_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o those_o driver_n as_o if_o they_o have_v return_v with_o the_o expect_a grain_n the_o guard_n be_v cozen_v with_o this_o deceit_n suffer_v they_o to_o enter_v and_o they_o make_v way_n for_o the_o soldier_n of_o antiochus_n 10._o when_o the_o theban_n can_v by_o no_o mean_n get_v into_o their_o possession_n the_o haven_n of_o the_o sicyonii_fw-la they_o build_v a_o very_a great_a ship_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o arm_a man_n cover_v they_o with_o some_o ware_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v a_o vessel_n for_o trade_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n cause_v a_o small_a number_n of_o man_n to_o appear_v at_o a_o very_a great_a distance_n from_o the_o wall_n with_o who_o some_o few_o without_o arm_n be_v to_o meet_v come_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n and_o to_o pretend_v and_o make_v a_o show_n of_o quarrel_v which_o when_o the_o sicyonii_fw-la see_v they_o go_v out_o to_o cause_v the_o dispute_n to_o cease_v in_o the_o mean_a while_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o theban_n enter_v into_o the_o empty_a haven_n and_o city_n and_o take_v they_o 11._o thymarchus_n the_o aetolian_a have_v slay_v charmades_n the_o admiral_n of_o king_n ptolemy_n take_v on_o he_o his_o cloak_n and_o head_n piece_n after_o the_o macedonian_a manner_n and_o by_o this_o deceit_n he_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o haven_n of_o the_o samnii_n and_o master_v it_o chap._n iii_o how_o to_o entice_v and_o win_v traitor_n example_n 1._o papyrius_n surname_v cursor_n at_o tarentum_n promise_v to_o milo_n who_o defend_v the_o city_n with_o a_o party_n of_o epirot_n that_o he_o will_v save_v he_o and_o his_o countryman_n if_o by_o his_o mean_n he_o may_v win_v the_o city_n which_o reward_v so_o prevail_v upon_o he_o that_o he_o persuade_v they_o of_o tarentum_n to_o send_v he_o as_o a_o ambassador_n to_o the_o consul_n with_o who_o he_o full_o conclude_v the_o agreement_n so_o that_o at_o his_o return_n he_o make_v the_o citizen_n secure_a and_o deliver_v the_o city_n unguarded_a into_o the_o roman_a general_n be_v power_n 2._o marcellus_n have_v win_v a_o certain_a inhabitant_n of_o syracuse_n name_v sosistratus_n to_o betray_v the_o city_n understand_v by_o he_o that_o the_o guard_n the_o next_o day_n be_v a_o festival_n will_v be_v careless_a and_o negligent_a and_o the_o rather_o because_o epicide_n be_v to_o give_v they_o plenty_n of_o wine_n and_o good_a cheer_n he_o take_v therefore_o advantage_n of_o this_o merry_a opportunity_n and_o of_o the_o negligence_n of_o the_o guard_n take_v the_o wall_n slay_v the_o watch_n and_o open_v to_o the_o roman_a army_n the_o gate_n of_o this_o city_n which_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o several_a noble_a victory_n 3._o when_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n can_v not_o oblige_v the_o gabii_n to_o yield_v to_o he_o send_v to_o they_o his_o son_n sextus_n tarqvinius_n beat_v with_o rod_n he_o exclaim_v against_o the_o cruelty_n of_o his_o father_n and_o persuade_v the_o gabii_n to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o hatred_n and_o displeasure_n against_o the_o king_n they_o according_o have_v choose_v he_o to_o be_v their_o leader_n betray_v they_o to_o his_o father_n 4._o cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n send_v on_o purpose_n his_o companion_n and_o friend_n zopyrus_n upon_o who_o fidelity_n he_o can_v assure_o relve_v with_o his_o face_n disfigure_v and_o maim_v to_o the_o enemy_n he_o be_v think_v by_o they_o to_o be_v high_o provoke_v against_o cyrus_n because_o of_o the_o disgrace_n offer_v to_o he_o and_o he_o do_v not_o a_o little_a encourage_v this_o persuasion_n by_o adventure_v himself_o much_o as_o often_o as_o they_o go_v out_o to_o fight_v and_o aim_v at_o cyrus_n with_o his_o dart_n at_o last_o when_o they_o have_v make_v he_o governor_n of_o babylon_n he_o deliver_v the_o city_n into_o the_o king_n hand_n 5._o philippus_n be_v shut_v out_o of_o a_o town_n of_o the_o samii_n win_v apollonius_n their_o commander_n to_o betray_v they_o and_o persuade_v he_o to_o place_v a_o cart_n full_a of_o square_a stone_n at_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o the_o gate_n at_o the_o make_n of_o a_o certain_a sign_n philip_n sudden_o come_v upon_o the_o townsman_n who_o be_v busy_a in_o shut_v of_o their_o incomber_v gate_n and_o overpower_a they_o 6._o hannibal_n when_o he_o besiege_v tarentum_n which_o be_v keep_v by_o livius_n with_o a_o roman_a guard_n solicit_v a_o certain_a man_n of_o the_o city_n name_v eoneus_n to_o betray_v it_o and_o to_o practice_v this_o subtlety_n that_o he_o shall_v under_o pretence_n of_o hunt_v go_v out_o in_o the_o night_n because_o it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o enemy_n will_v suffer_v he_o in_o the_o day_n and_o when_o he_o be_v thus_o go_v out_o some_o do_v supply_v he_o with_o wild_a boar_n which_o he_o carry_v to_o livius_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v of_o his_o own_o take_n when_o he_o have_v practise_v this_o often_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o narrow_o observe_v on_o a_o certain_a night_n hannibal_n send_v in_o with_o he_o soldier_n of_o his_o army_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o huntsman_n who_o be_v load_v with_o venison_n which_o they_o have_v in_o their_o hand_n they_o be_v admit_v by_o the_o guard_n and_o sudden_o they_o set_v upon_o they_o and_o slay_v they_o then_o the_o gate_n be_v break_v open_a and_o hannibal_n be_v let_v in_o with_o his_o army_n that_o destroy_v all_o the_o roman_n except_o such_o as_o flee_v to_o the_o castle_n 7._o lysimachus_z king_n of_o the_o macedonian_n when_o he_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o ephesus_n and_o that_o the_o citizen_n have_v a_o certain_a arch-pyrate_n name_v mandrone_n come_v to_o their_o assistance_n who_o do_v often_o go_v thither_o with_o his_o ship_n load_v with_o spoil_n and_o prey_n persuade_v he_o to_o be_v a_o traitor_n and_o to_o take_v with_o he_o the_o stout_a man_n of_o his_o army_n with_o their_o hand_n bind_v behind_o as_o captive_n to_o carry_v they_o into_o the_o city_n who_o when_o they_o be_v enter_v they_o take_v up_o arm_n out_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o deliver_v the_o city_n to_o the_o king_n chap._n iu._n by_o what_o mean_v a_o enemy_n may_v be_v drive_v to_o necessity_n example_n 1._o when_o fab._n maximus_n have_v waste_v and_o spoil_v all_o the_o field_n of_o campania_n that_o they_o may_v not_o have_v any_o thing_n leave_v to_o encourage_v their_o resolution_n to_o maintain_v and_o defend_v a_o siege_n he_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o country_n in_o the_o sow_a time_n that_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o corn_n which_o be_v leave_v the_o inhabitant_n may_v employ_v it_o in_o seed_n but_o at_o his_o return_n he_o tread_v down_o all_o that_o grow_v up_o and_o by_o reduce_v they_o to_o famine_n he_o oblige_v they_o to_o yield_v 2._o antigonus_n practise_v the_o same_o policy_n against_o the_o athenian_n 3._o after_o that_o dionysius_n have_v take_v many_o city_n and_o be_v resolve_v to_o assault_v they_o of_o rhegium_n because_o they_o have_v a_o extraordinary_a plenty_n of_o provision_n he_o pretend_v a_o peace_n with_o they_o and_o entreat_v they_o to_o supply_v his_o army_n with_o food_n which_o when_o they_o have_v grant_v they_o empty_v for_o he_o the_o granary_n of_o the_o city_n then_o do_v he_o set_v upon_o it_o when_o it_o be_v in_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o take_v it_o 4._o the_o same_o be_v do_v by_o he_o as_o be_v report_v when_o he_o go_v against_o the_o himaerei_fw-la 5._o when_o alexander_n be_v to_o take_v leucadia_n full_a of_o all_o manner_n of_o food_n he_o first_o take_v the_o castle_n that_o be_v about_o the_o border_n and_o suffer_v all_o the_o inhabitant_n to_o retire_v and_o depart_v to_o leucadia_n that_o the_o great_a number_n may_v soon_o
waste_v and_o consume_v their_o victual_n 6._o when_o phalaris_n of_o agrigentum_n have_v a_o design_n upon_o certain_a place_n of_o sicily_n which_o be_v very_o well_o fortify_v he_o pretend_v a_o agreement_n with_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o store_v up_o with_o they_o all_o the_o wheat_n that_o he_o say_v he_o have_v but_o he_o give_v order_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o the_o til_n of_o the_o granary_n where_o the_o wheat_n be_v put_v shall_v be_v so_o break_v that_o it_o may_v let_v in_o the_o rain_n the_o inhabitant_n trust_v to_o this_o provision_n which_o they_o have_v with_o they_o be_v careless_a of_o their_o own_o store_n so_o that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o summer_n he_o assault_v they_o and_o oblige_v they_o by_o famine_n to_o yield_v chap._n v._o how_o to_o persuade_v that_o a_o siege_n will_v continue_v long_o example_n 1._o when_o clearchus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a have_v understand_v that_o the_o thracian_n have_v carry_v all_o thing_n belong_v to_o food_n into_o the_o mountain_n and_o that_o they_o be_v also_o feed_v with_o the_o hope_n that_o for_o want_n of_o necessary_n he_o will_v be_v force_v to_o depart_v at_o that_o time_n that_o their_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o he_o cause_v one_o of_o his_o prisoner_n to_o be_v kill_v before_o they_o and_o to_o be_v cut_v in_o piece_n with_o a_o pretence_n that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v among_o the_o soldier_n for_o their_o food_n the_o thracian_n therefore_o believe_v that_o he_o will_v do_v any_o thing_n to_o continue_v there_o who_o will_v not_o scruple_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o abominable_a food_n surrender_v themselves_o 2._o tiberius_n gracchus_n when_o the_o lusitani_n or_o portugal_n declare_v that_o they_o have_v food_n sufficient_a for_o ten_o year_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o afraid_a of_o a_o siege_n answer_v then_o i_o will_v take_v they_o in_o the_o eleven_o year_n at_o this_o expression_n the_o lusitani_n be_v so_o much_o afraid_a that_o though_o they_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o victual_n yet_o they_o yield_v to_o he_o 3._o when_o a._n torquatus_n besiege_v a_o greek_a city_n and_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n boast_v that_o their_o youngman_n be_v well_o skilled_a in_o the_o use_n of_o bow_n and_o arrow_n and_o dart_n answer_v i_o will_v sell_v they_o the_o dear_a when_o i_o shall_v overcome_v they_o chap._n vi_o how_o to_o destroy_v the_o enemy_n garrison_n example_n 1._o scipio_n when_o hannibal_n be_v return_v into_o africa_n find_v that_o there_o be_v many_o town_n which_o in_o reason_n will_v be_v useful_a to_o he_o if_o take_v defend_v by_o strong_a garrison_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o therefore_o send_v several_a party_n to_o block_n they_o up_o at_o last_o he_o go_v thither_o with_o his_o army_n as_o if_o he_o have_v intend_v to_o sack_v the_o city_n afterward_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v afraid_a and_o depart_v from_o they_o hannibal_n imagine_v that_o his_o fear_n be_v real_a call_v together_o all_o his_o garrison_n as_o if_o he_o intend_v to_o engage_v in_o a_o battle_n by_o that_o mean_v scipio_n have_v what_o he_o desire_v for_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o massinissa_n and_o his_o numidian_n he_o take_v those_o city_n when_o their_o garrison_n be_v go_v 2._o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n understand_v how_o difficult_a it_o be_v to_o take_v delminium_n because_o it_o be_v defend_v by_o a_o concourse_n of_o people_n from_o all_o part_n assault_v first_o other_o town_n which_o cause_v every_o one_o to_o depart_v and_o defend_v his_o own_o city_n by_o that_o mean_v delminium_n be_v empty_v of_o soldier_n and_o force_v to_o yield_v to_o he_o 3._o pyrrhus_n king_n of_o epirus_n fight_v against_o the_o illyrian_n when_o he_o earnest_o desire_v to_o get_v the_o chief_a city_n of_o the_o nation_n into_o his_o hand_n but_o not_o judge_v it_o feasible_a go_v to_o assault_v the_o other_o to_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o bring_v it_o to_o pass_v that_o the_o enemy_n conceive_v that_o their_o chief_a city_n be_v sufficient_o fortify_v go_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o rest_n then_o do_v he_o call_v together_o all_o his_o force_n and_o find_v the_o chief_a city_n empty_a of_o its_o former_a garrison_n he_o take_v it_o by_o force_n 4._o cornelius_n rufinus_n the_o consul_n have_v besiege_v a_o little_a while_o the_o city_n of_o frotona_n to_o no_o purpose_n because_o a_o resolute_a party_n of_o the_o lucani_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o garrison_n defend_v it_o he_o pretend_v to_o raise_v the_o siege_n and_o with_o a_o great_a reward_n persuade_v one_o of_o his_o prisoner_n to_o go_v to_o the_o city_n as_o if_o he_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o prison_n to_o persuade_v they_o that_o the_o roman_n be_v go_v the_o inhabitant_n imagine_v that_o this_o be_v true_a send_v away_o their_o auxiliary_a troop_n and_o when_o their_o garrison_n have_v jest_v they_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a he_o easy_o overcome_v and_o take_v they_o 5._o mago_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v beat_v cn._n piso_n and_o force_v he_o to_o fly_v for_o refuge_n to_o a_o certain_a tower_n believe_v that_o some_o force_n will_v come_v to_o relieve_v he_o he_o therefore_o send_v a_o certain_a traitor_n to_o meet_v the_o succour_n that_o be_v come_v and_o to_o tell_v they_o that_o piso_n be_v already_o take_v by_o this_o mean_v he_o discourage_v they_o and_o complete_v the_o victory_n 6._o alcibiades_z in_o sicilia_n desire_v to_o take_v the_o city_n of_o syracuse_n send_v out_o of_o catania_n where_o he_o be_v with_o his_o army_n to_z syracuse_z a_o certain_a cunning_a fellow_n who_o be_v bring_v into_o their_o assembly_n persuade_v they_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o catania_n be_v grievous_o offend_v with_o the_o athenian_n so_o that_o if_o they_o can_v be_v assist_v by_o they_o of_o syracuse_n they_o will_v quick_o overpower_v the_o athenian_n with_o their_o general_n with_o this_o persuasion_n they_o of_o syracuse_n march_v with_o all_o their_o force_n towards_o catania_n and_o leave_v their_o city_n which_o alcibiades_n assault_v another_o way_n and_o find_v it_o empty_a as_o he_o expect_v he_o soon_o master_v it_o cleonymus_n the_o athenian_a assault_v the_o traezenii_n who_o hold_v a_o town_n with_o a_o garrison_n command_v by_o cratenus_n send_v into_o the_o wall_n some_o arrow_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v write_v that_o he_o be_v come_v to_o deliver_v their_o commonwealth_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n show_v himself_o kind_a to_o his_o prisoner_n who_o he_o send_v into_o the_o city_n to_o speak_v ill_o of_o craterus_n by_o this_o policy_n he_o cause_v they_o to_o fall_v out_o among_o themselves_o so_o that_o with_o his_o army_n he_o overcome_v they_o and_o take_v the_o city_n chap._n vii_o of_o turn_v aside_o of_o river_n and_o the_o spoil_n of_o water_n example_n 1._o p._n servilius_n have_v turn_v away_o a_o river_n which_o supply_v the_o enemy_n with_o water_n force_v the_o town_n of_o isaura_n to_o yield_v for_o thirst_n 2._o c._n caesar_n among_o the_o gaul_n reduce_v the_o city_n of_o the_o gadurci_n to_o the_o want_n of_o water_n though_o it_o be_v encompass_v about_o with_o a_o river_n and_o have_v many_o fresh_a spring_n in_o it_o for_o he_o dry_v up_o the_o fountain_n by_o mine_v and_o drive_v they_o away_o from_o the_o river_n by_o his_o archer_n 3._o l._n metellus_n in_o the_o hither_o spain_n turn_v down_o a_o river_n from_o the_o high_a ground_n upon_o the_o enemy_n camp_n which_o be_v seat_v in_o the_o low_a and_o when_o they_o be_v disturb_v with_o the_o sudden_a overflow_a of_o the_o water_n he_o cut_v they_o in_o piece_n with_o party_n which_o he_o have_v appoint_v for_o that_o purpose_n 4._o alexander_n at_o babylon_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n by_o the_o river_n euphrates_n dig_v a_o ditch_n and_o raise_v a_o bank_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v imagine_v that_o they_o be_v make_v for_o his_o own_o use_n but_o sudden_o he_o turn_v the_o river_n out_o of_o his_o course_n and_o through_o the_o old_a channel_n which_o then_o be_v dry_v up_o yield_v a_o entrance_n he_o march_v into_o the_o city_n 5._o semiramis_n be_v say_v to_o have_v practise_v the_o same_o thing_n by_o turn_v aside_o the_o river_n euphrates_n at_o the_o same_o place_n 6._o clisthenes_n the_o sycionian_a break_v a_o aquaduct_n or_o conduit_n which_o convey_v water_n into_o the_o town_n of_o crisa_n and_o when_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v vex_v with_o thirst_n he_o cause_v the_o water_n to_o run_v again_o in_o the_o same_o conduit_n but_o poson_v it_o with_o hellebore_n or_o the_o juice_n of_o bearsfoot_n of_o which_o they_o who_o make_v use_v fall_v into_o a_o flux_n and_o madness_n so_o that_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o take_v they_o and_o their_o town_n chap._n viii_o how_o to_o terrify_v the_o besiege_a example_n 1._o when_o philippus_n can_v by_o no_o
lacetani_n who_o he_o besiege_v keep_v back_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n and_o send_v of_o the_o suessani_n some_o of_o his_o auxiliary_a troop_n who_o be_v the_o great_a coward_n to_o assault_v the_o wall_n the_o besiege_a make_v a_o sally_n put_v they_o to_o flight_n and_o furious_o pursue_v they_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o take_v the_o city_n with_o those_o troop_n which_o he_o have_v hide_v 2._o l._n scipio_n in_o sardinia_n leave_v the_o assault_n of_o a_o certain_a city_n in_o haste_n which_o he_o have_v begin_v and_o in_o his_o retreat_n show_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o flight_n when_o the_o townsman_n sally_v out_o to_o pursue_v they_o unadvised_o he_o take_v the_o town_n with_o those_o soldier_n who_o he_o have_v hide_v near_o at_o hand_n 3._o hannibal_n when_o he_o besiege_v the_o city_n of_o himera_n suffer_v his_o own_o camp_n willing_o to_o be_v take_v and_o command_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o depart_v as_o if_o the_o enemy_n have_v prevail_v which_o policy_n deceive_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o cause_v they_o for_o joy_n to_o leave_v their_o town_n and_o run_v to_o the_o enemy_n camp_n then_o do_v hannibal_n take_v the_o town_n empty_a by_o those_o who_o he_o have_v place_v for_o that_o purpose_n in_o ambush_n 4._o the_o same_o general_n to_o draw_v out_o they_o of_o saguntum_n march_v to_o the_o wall_n with_o a_o thin_a battalion_n and_o at_o the_o first_o sally_n of_o the_o besiege_a make_v as_o if_o he_o have_v flee_v but_o he_o cause_v his_o whole_a army_n to_o run_v in_o between_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o city_n and_o have_v close_v they_o in_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n 5._o himilco_n the_o carthaginian_a general_n place_v near_o the_o town_n of_o agrigentum_n part_n of_o his_o army_n in_o ambush_n and_o command_v they_o that_o when_o the_o townsman_n be_v come_v out_o they_o shall_v set_v some_o moist_a wood_n on_o fire_n afterward_o he_o with_o the_o rest_n march_v to_o draw_v out_o the_o enemy_n into_o the_o field_n but_o at_o their_o first_o approach_n he_o retreat_v and_o seem_v to_o fly_v away_o to_o draw_v by_o degree_n the_o townsman_n far_o from_o their_o wall_n whilst_o they_o who_o lie_v in_o ambush_n near_o the_o city_n set_v fire_n to_o the_o wood._n when_o they_o of_o agrigentum_n that_o be_v come_v out_o behold_v the_o great_a smoke_n think_v their_o city_n have_v be_v burn_v and_o when_o in_o a_o great_a fear_n they_o return_v to_o defend_v it_o they_o meet_v with_o the_o party_n that_o lie_v in_o ambush_n near_o their_o wall_n so_o that_o before_o and_o behind_o they_o be_v shut_v in_o and_o slay_v by_o they_o that_o follow_v they_o 6._o viriatus_n have_v secret_o place_v some_o soldier_n he_o send_v a_o small_a party_n to_o drive_v away_o the_o cattle_n of_o the_o segobrigenses_n in_o spain_n and_o when_o they_o come_v in_o great_a number_n to_o recover_v they_o and_o put_v the_o driver_n to_o flight_n as_o they_o pretend_v they_o be_v bring_v into_o a_o ambuscado_n and_o destroy_v 7._o the_o cavalry_n of_o the_o scordisci_n when_o lucullus_n be_v general_n of_o two_o party_n of_o heraclea_n make_v as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v drive_v of_o cattle_n and_o oblige_v he_o to_o sally_v out_o but_o they_o immediate_o flee_v and_o bring_v lucullus_n into_o a_o ambush_n where_o he_o be_v slay_v with_o eight_o hundred_o soldier_n 8._o chare_n captain_n of_o the_o athenian_n be_v to_o assault_v a_o town_n near_o the_o sea_n side_n leave_v his_o fleet_n behind_o a_o certain_a cape_n and_o order_v some_o of_o the_o nimble_a of_o his_o ship_n to_o sail_v along_o by_o the_o enemy_n guard_n which_o when_o they_o see_v they_o make_v out_o of_o the_o harbour_n with_o all_o their_o ship_n that_o be_v to_o defend_v it_o to_o pursue_v after_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n chares_n enter_v into_o the_o haven_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fleet_n without_o resistance_n and_o take_v the_o city_n 9_o barca_n captain_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n when_o the_o roman_n besiege_a lilybeum_n in_o sicily_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n order_v a_o part_n of_o his_o navy_n to_o appear_v at_o a_o distance_n in_o sight_n which_o cause_v the_o roman_n to_o sail_v speedy_o to_o they_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o take_v the_o haven_n of_o lilybeum_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o fleet_n which_o he_o keep_v out_o of_o sight_n chap._n xi_o of_o the_o pretence_n of_o depart_v away_o from_o a_o siege_n example_n 1._o phormion_n the_o athenian_a general_n when_o he_o have_v spoil_v the_o field_n of_o they_o of_o chalcis_n and_o that_o their_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o to_o complain_v of_o it_o answer_v they_o mild_o and_o the_o same_o night_n that_o he_o be_v to_o send_v they_o away_o pretend_v that_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o his_o citizen_n such_o letter_n as_o require_v he_o to_o return_v home_o so_o have_v lead_v the_o ambassador_n a_o little_a way_n with_o he_o he_o send_v they_o back_o who_o when_o they_o return_v declare_v to_o their_o citizen_n that_o all_o be_v safe_a and_o that_o phormion_n be_v depart_v they_o trust_v upon_o his_o humanity_n and_o the_o return_n of_o his_o army_n into_o their_o own_o country_n neglect_v the_o guard_n of_o their_o town_n then_o phormion_n sudden_o march_v back_o again_o and_o so_o overpower_v they_o that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o make_v any_o resistance_n 2._o agesilaus_n general_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n besiege_v the_o phocenses_n and_o understand_v that_o their_o auxiliary_a troop_n be_v already_o weary_a of_o the_o war_n he_o therefore_o depart_v from_o they_o a_o while_n as_o if_o he_o have_v mind_v other_o business_n and_o give_v they_o liberty_n to_o be_v go_v some_o time_n after_o he_o return_v with_o his_o army_n and_o overcome_v the_o phocenses_n destitute_a of_o their_o guard_n 3._o alcibiades_z lay_v a_o ambuscado_n for_o they_o of_o byzantium_n who_o keep_v themselves_o within_o their_o wall_n and_o pretend_v to_o depart_v return_v sudden_o upon_o they_o and_o overpower_v they_o 4._o viriatus_n when_o he_o have_v make_v three_o day_n march_v away_o from_o they_o of_o segobriga_n return_v back_o in_o one_o day_n and_o overcome_v they_o when_o they_o be_v secure_a and_o busy_a about_o a_o solemn_a sacrifice_n 5._o epaminondas_n perceive_v that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v come_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o enemy_n at_o mantinaea_n imagine_v that_o he_o can_v take_v the_o city_n of_o lacedaemon_n if_o he_o do_v march_v thither_o private_o he_o command_v therefore_o many_o fire_n to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o night_n that_o he_o may_v conceal_v his_o departure_n with_o a_o appearance_n of_o his_o continuance_n there_o but_o be_v betray_v by_o a_o runaway_n and_o pursue_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_a army_n he_o leave_v the_o road_n that_o lead_v to_o sparta_n and_o turn_v his_o resolution_n and_o power_n against_o they_o of_o mantinaea_n for_o have_v make_v as_o many_o fire_n as_o before_o as_o if_o he_o have_v continue_v in_o that_o place_n he_o deceive_v the_o lacedaemonian_n and_o return_v forty_o mile_n to_o the_o city_n of_o mantinaea_n which_o he_o find_v naked_a of_o defence_n and_o take_v it_o chap._n xii_o how_o to_o stir_v up_o the_o vigilancy_n of_o a_o party_n example_n 1._o alcibiades_z when_o his_o city_n of_o athens_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n fear_v the_o negligence_n and_o carelessness_n of_o the_o guard_n tell_v such_o as_o stand_v sentry_z that_o they_o shall_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o light_n that_o he_o will_v show_v out_o of_o the_o castle_n and_o when_o they_o see_v it_o that_o they_o likewise_o shall_v lift_v up_o light_n and_o that_o he_o that_o do_v neglect_v to_o perform_v this_o shall_v be_v punish_v whilst_o they_o wait_v for_o a_o sign_n from_o their_o general_n they_o all_o march_v careful_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o night_n that_o he_o fear_v most_o 2._o iphicrates_n the_o athenian_a general_n command_v in_o chief_a the_o garrison_n of_o corinth_n walk_v the_o round_n a_o little_a before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o find_v a_o soldier_n who_o be_v to_o stand_v sentinel_n asleep_a he_o run_v he_o through_o with_o his_o spear_n which_o deed_n when_o some_o blame_v as_o savour_v of_o too_o much_o cruelty_n he_o tell_v tell_v they_o as_o i_o find_v he_o so_o i_o leave_v he_o 3._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a be_v report_v to_o have_v do_v the_o same_o chap._n xiii_o of_o send_v out_o and_o receive_v message_n example_n 1._o when_o the_o roman_n be_v besiege_v in_o the_o capitol_n they_o send_v pontius_n cominus_fw-la to_o camillus_n who_o be_v in_o his_o banishment_n to_o desire_v his_o assistance_n and_o that_o he_o may_v pass_v by_o and_o escape_v from_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o gaul_n be_v let_v down_o the_o rock_n of_o tarpeia_n he_o
swim_v over_o the_o river_n tiber_n and_o come_v safe_a to_o the_o city_n vejos_n and_o have_v deliver_v his_o message_n he_o return_v by_o the_o same_o way_n to_o the_o besiege_a 2._o when_o they_o of_o campania_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o roman_n who_o watch_v and_o guard_v all_o the_o passage_n they_o send_v one_o who_o they_o persuade_v to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o hide_v a_o letter_n under_o his_o belt_n which_o when_o he_o find_v a_o opportunity_n he_o carry_v to_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n 3._o some_o have_v sow_o letter_n in_o the_o body_n of_o beast_n take_v in_o hunt_v and_o other_o creature_n which_o letter_n be_v write_v in_o parchment_n or_o thin_a skin_n 4._o some_o have_v drive_v beast_n on_o the_o contrary_a side_n whilst_o they_o have_v be_v pass_v the_o enemy_n guard_n 5._o other_o have_v write_v their_o letter_n in_o the_o inside_n of_o a_o sheath_n 6._o l._n lucullus_n when_o the_o cyziceni_fw-la be_v besiege_v by_o mithridates_n that_o he_o may_v make_v his_o arrival_n know_v to_o they_o though_o the_o enemy_n keep_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o city_n with_o strong_a guard_n he_o command_v one_o of_o his_o soldier_n a_o little_a skill_a in_o swim_v and_o in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n to_o lean_v upon_o two_o skin_n or_o bladder_n fill_v with_o wind_n which_o have_v letter_n stitch_v in_o the_o inside_n have_v in_o the_o low_a part_n two_o straight_o stick_v fasten_v to_o they_o to_o keep_v the_o bladder_n at_o a_o distance_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n to_o go_v over_o a_o straight_a of_o seven_o mile_n at_o that_o place_n where_o but_o one_o narrow_a and_o small_a bridge_n join_v a_o island_n to_o the_o main_a land_n which_o be_v so_o dexterous_o perform_v by_o this_o common_a soldier_n who_o steer_v his_o course_n with_o his_o leg_n hang_v in_o the_o water_n that_o such_o as_o see_v he_o at_o a_o distance_n and_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n think_v he_o to_o be_v a_o sea-monster_n 7._o hircius_n the_o consul_n send_v often_o letter_n to_o decius_n brutus_n who_o be_v besiege_v by_o antonius_n at_o mutina_n write_v in_o lead_n and_o fasten_v to_o the_o arm_n of_o soldier_n who_o swim_v over_o the_o river_n scultenna_n 8._o the_o same_o hircius_n make_v use_v of_o pigeon_n to_o convey_v letter_n he_o shut_v they_o up_o in_o the_o dark_a and_o suffer_v they_o to_o be_v very_o hungry_a then_o do_v he_o fasten_v letter_n to_o their_o neck_n bind_v they_o with_o a_o big_a hair_n and_o from_o the_o near_a place_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o city_n he_o let_v they_o fly_v they_o be_v desirous_a of_o light_n and_o food_n mount_v on_o high_a to_o go_v to_o the_o lofty_a house_n where_o brutus_n take_v they_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v he_o be_v make_v acquaint_v with_o all_o passage_n for_o after_o that_o he_o put_v food_n for_o the_o bird_n in_o certain_a place_n and_o so_o make_v the_o pigeon_n to_o sly_a thither_o chap._n fourteen_o how_o to_o put_v in_o succour_n into_o a_o besiege_a place_n and_o supply_v it_o with_o necessary_a food_n example_n 1._o in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o ategua_n a_o city_n in_o spain_n that_o hold_v for_o pompey_n be_v besiege_v maurus_n or_o martius_n the_o viceroy_n make_v as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o trumpeter_n of_o one_o of_o caesar_n colonel_n appoint_v to_o visit_v the_o guard_n some_o he_o rouse_v up_o with_o his_o trumpet_n other_o he_o shun_v and_o courageous_o go_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o caesar_n army_n and_o lead_v into_o the_o town_n a_o garrison_n of_o pompey_n 2._o when_o hannibal_n besiege_v casilinum_n a_o city_n of_o campania_n in_o italy_n the_o roman_n send_v down_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o river_n vulturnus_n hogshead_n full_a of_o meal_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a which_o when_o hannibal_n do_v stop_v with_o a_o long_a chain_n over_o the_o river_n they_o scatter_v and_o fling_v nut_n into_o the_o water_n which_o the_o current_n carry_v to_o the_o town_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o their_o fellow_n 3._o hirtius_n the_o consul_n when_o they_o of_o mutina_n be_v besiege_v by_o antonius_n send_v to_o they_o some_o salt_n which_o they_o want_v down_o the_o river_n saniturnus_fw-la put_v up_o in_o pipe_n 4._o the_o same_o consul_n send_v down_o the_o stream_n some_o cattle_n which_o relieve_v the_o besiege_v chap._n xv._o how_o to_o make_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v most_o want_v seem_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o abound_v example_n 1._o the_o roman_n when_o they_o be_v besiege_v in_o the_o capitol_n by_o the_o gaul_n and_o be_v in_o the_o great_a want_n of_o bread_n be_v wont_a to_o fling_v some_o to_o the_o enemy_n by_o that_o mean_v they_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o they_o have_v plenty_n of_o provision_n so_o that_o they_o patient_o endure_v the_o siege_n till_o camillus_n be_v come_v to_o relieve_v they_o 2._o the_o athenian_n besiege_v by_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v say_v to_o have_v do_v the_o like_a 3._o they_o who_o be_v besiege_v at_o casilinum_n by_o hannibal_n be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v reduce_v to_o a_o great_a famine_n because_o that_o between_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o city_n he_o have_v spoil_v all_o the_o herb_n that_o can_v serve_v for_o food_n by_o plough_v up_o the_o ground_n but_o they_o fling_v seed_n into_o the_o earth_n prepare_v and_o turn_v up_o by_o that_o mean_v they_o seem_v to_o have_v enough_o to_o keep_v they_o alive_a until_o the_o next_o harvest_n 4._o they_o who_o remain_v alive_a after_o the_o defeat_n of_o varras_n and_o his_o army_n because_o the_o enemy_n believe_v that_o they_o want_v bread_n cause_v the_o prisoner_n to_o be_v lead_v round_o about_o their_o granary_n all_o night_n then_o have_v cut_v off_o their_o hand_n they_o send_v they_o away_o who_o when_o they_o come_v to_o their_o own_o man_n that_o besiege_v the_o roman_n they_o assure_v they_o that_o there_o be_v no_o hope_n of_o a_o speedy_a surrender_n by_o the_o famish_v of_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o have_v such_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o food_n yet_o remain_v 5._o the_o thracian_n besiege_v in_o a_o steep_a and_o high_a mountain_n unto_o which_o the_o enemy_n can_v not_o ascend_v gather_v from_o every_o man_n a_o small_a quantity_n of_o corn_n and_o cheese_n with_o which_o they_o feed_v their_o cattle_n which_o they_o drive_v and_o send_v down_o to_o the_o enemy_n guard_n when_o they_o have_v kill_v they_o and_o find_v some_o sign_n of_o wheat_n in_o their_o gut_n they_o imagine_v that_o they_o have_v yet_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o corn_n remain_v see_v that_o they_o feed_v their_o cattle_n with_o it_o they_o depart_v therefore_o from_o the_o siege_n 6._o thrasybulus_n captain_n of_o the_o milesii_n when_o his_o soldier_n be_v weary_v with_o a_o long_a siege_n by_o aliatte_n who_o expect_v that_o they_o will_v be_v force_v to_o a_o surrender_n by_o famine_n when_o the_o ambassador_n of_o aliatte_n be_v come_v he_o cause_v all_o the_o corn_n of_o the_o city_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o market_n and_o about_o that_o time_n appoint_v feast_v to_o be_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o city_n and_o the_o table_n to_o be_v cover_v with_o meat_n by_o that_o mean_v he_o persuade_v the_o enemy_n that_o he_o have_v yet_o plenty_n of_o food_n to_o help_v they_o to_o bear_v a_o long_a siege_n chap._n xvi_o by_o what_o mean_v one_o may_v prevent_v traitor_n and_o runaway_n example_n 1._o l._n marcellus_n understand_v the_o design_n of_o batteus_fw-la of_o nola_n who_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v his_o countryman_n to_o fall_v away_o to_o hannibal_n who_o he_o favour_v because_o by_o he_o he_o have_v be_v cure_v of_o his_o wound_n receive_v at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n and_o have_v be_v send_v home_o from_o his_o captivity_n and_o because_o he_o be_v afraid_a by_o his_o punishment_n to_o stir_v up_o they_o of_o nola_n to_o revenge_n and_o dare_v not_o to_o kill_v he_o he_o send_v for_o he_o and_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v a_o most_o stout_a soldier_n which_o he_o understand_v not_o before_o and_o that_o he_o desire_v that_o he_o will_v continue_v and_o abide_v with_o he_o to_o his_o word_n he_o add_v a_o honour_n for_o he_o bestow_v upon_o he_o a_o horse_n by_o this_o gracious_a proceed_n he_o oblige_v not_o only_o he_o to_o be_v true_a to_o he_o but_o also_o his_o countryman_n who_o be_v govern_v by_o he_o 2._o hamilcar_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n when_o several_a of_o their_o gallic_n auxiliary_n do_v often_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o that_o they_o be_v wont_a to_o be_v receive_v as_o their_o friend_n he_o persuade_v some_o that_o be_v most_o faithful_a to_o he_o to_o pretend_v also_o to_o fly_v to_o they_o who_o kill_v some_o that_o be_v send_v out_o to_o receive_v
and_o rescue_v a_o party_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n which_o policy_n do_v not_o only_o help_v hamilcar_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o succeed_v in_o his_o present_a design_n but_o for_o the_o future_a it_o make_v all_o true_a runaway_n to_o be_v suspect_v by_o the_o roman_n as_o false_a 3._o hanno_n general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n understand_v that_o four_o thousand_o of_o the_o mercenary_a gaul_n have_v agree_v to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o roman_n because_o they_o want_v the_o pay_n of_o some_o few_o month_n and_o because_o he_o be_v afraid_a to_o punish_v they_o for_o fear_n of_o a_o sedition_n he_o promise_v that_o he_o will_v reward_v liberal_o the_o injury_n of_o a_o delay_n therefore_o the_o gaul_n have_v return_v he_o thanks_o he_o delay_v the_o performance_n of_o his_o promise_n for_o a_o while_n till_o he_o can_v send_v a_o most_o faithful_a servant_n to_o otacilius_n the_o consul_n to_o run_v away_o to_o he_o for_o other_o reason_n who_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o next_o night_n four_o thousand_o gaul_n who_o be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o to_o plunder_n may_v easy_o be_v surprise_v otacilius_n do_v not_o give_v credit_n sudden_o to_o the_o runaway_n neither_o do_v he_o think_v this_o news_n be_v to_o be_v neglect_v he_o therefore_o place_v a_o choice_a company_n of_o his_o man_n in_o ambush_n by_o they_o the_o gaul_n be_v receive_v accomplish_v hanno_fw-la two_o design_n in_o destroy_v the_o roman_n and_o themselves_o for_o they_o be_v all_o cut_v off_o 4._o hannibal_n be_v revenge_v of_o the_o deserter_n of_o his_o army_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n for_o know_v that_o some_o of_o his_o man_n will_v run_v away_o the_o next_o night_n and_o that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o camp_n intelligencer_n and_o spy_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o declare_v public_o that_o the_o soldier_n which_o be_v send_v by_o he_o to_o understand_v the_o design_n of_o the_o enemy_n aught_o to_o be_v name_v most_o cunning_a soldier_n what_o the_o spy_n have_v hear_v from_o he_o they_o deliver_v to_o their_o own_o party_n which_o cause_v the_o roman_n to_o take_v the_o runaway_n to_o cut_v off_o their_o hand_n and_o send_v they_o back_o to_o hannibal_n army_n 5._o diodorus_n command_v the_o garrison_n of_o amphipolis_n with_o a_o party_n have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o two_o thousand_o thracian_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o plunder_n the_o city_n he_o pretend_v therefore_o that_o some_o few_o of_o the_o enemy_n ship_n be_v come_v near_o a_o neighbour_a shore_n and_o that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o take_v they_o the_o hope_n of_o this_o advantage_n so_o encourage_v the_o thracian_n that_o they_o march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n then_o do_v he_o cause_v the_o gate_n to_o be_v shut_v and_o will_v entertain_v they_o no_o long_o chap_n xvii_o of_o sally_n example_n 1._o the_o roman_n who_o be_v in_o garrison_n at_o palermo_n when_o hasdrubal_n come_v to_o besiege_v that_o city_n cause_v on_o purpose_n very_o few_o to_o appear_v on_o the_o wall_n to_o defend_v they_o the_o smallness_n of_o their_o number_n be_v so_o contemn_v by_o the_o enemy_n that_o hasdrubul_n assault_v the_o wall_n where_o he_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o sally_n 2._o aemilius_z paulus_n when_o all_o the_o ligurian_o make_v a_o attempt_n unexpected_o upon_o his_o camp_n he_o seem_v for_o fear_v to_o keep_v in_o his_o soldier_n till_o the_o enemy_n have_v sufficient_o weary_v themselves_o then_o do_v he_o sally_v out_o of_o his_o four_o gate_n and_o overthrow_v and_o take_v they_o prisoner_n 3._o when_o velius_n a_o roman_a captain_n command_v the_o castle_n of_o tarentum_n he_o send_v messenger_n to_o hasdrubal_n that_o he_o will_v suffer_v he_o to_o depart_v in_o safety_n by_o this_o pretence_n he_o make_v the_o enemy_n so_o secure_a that_o when_o he_o sally_v out_o he_o defeat_v they_o 4._o cn._n pompeius_n do_v not_o only_o deliver_v his_o man_n besiege_v in_o the_o city_n of_o dyrrachium_fw-la but_o after_o a_o sally_n which_o he_o make_v in_o a_o very_a convenient_a time_n and_o place_n he_o surround_v caesar_n who_o furious_o break_v out_o of_o a_o castle_n which_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o double_a fortification_n and_o encompass_v he_o in_o round_a so_o that_o between_o the_o besiege_a and_o pompey_n army_n that_o be_v without_o he_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n in_o no_o small_a danger_n and_o receive_v a_o considerable_a loss_n of_o men._n 5._o flavius_z fimbria_n fight_v in_o asia_n against_o the_o son_n of_o mithridates_n near_o the_o town_n of_o rhyndacus_n draw_v a_o trench_n half_a way_n on_o both_o side_n of_o his_o camp_n and_o a_o ditch_n before_o keep_v his_o soldier_n quiet_a on_o the_o rampire_n until_o the_o enemy_n horse_n be_v enter_v into_o the_o straight_a place_n of_o his_o work_n then_o do_v he_o sally_v out_o and_o cut_v off_o six_o thousand_o of_o they_o 6._o c._n caesar_n among_o the_o gaul_n when_o the_o force_n under_o titurius_n sabinus_n and_o cotta_n his_o lieutenant_n be_v defeat_v by_o ambiorix_n and_o that_o q._n cicero_n who_o be_v likewise_o besiege_v send_v he_o this_o sad_a news_n make_v haste_n to_o he_o with_o two_o legion_n but_o when_o the_o enemy_n turn_v to_o meet_v he_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v afraid_a and_o keep_v his_o soldier_n within_o his_o camp_n which_o he_o have_v purposely_o make_v straight_a than_o ordinary_a the_o gaul_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v certain_a of_o the_o victory_n and_o be_v come_v to_o plunder_v the_o roman_a camp_n begin_v to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n and_o to_o pull_v down_o the_o palisado_n than_o do_v caesar_n send_v out_o his_o force_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o cut_v the_o gallic_n soldier_n in_o piece_n 7._o titurius_n sabinus_n when_o a_o vast_a army_n of_o the_o gaul_n come_v against_o he_o keep_v in_o his_o soldier_n within_o his_o fortification_n and_o make_v they_o believe_v that_o he_o be_v afraid_a and_o that_o he_o may_v strengthen_v that_o belief_n he_o send_v out_o a_o runaway_n to_o tell_v they_o that_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v in_o despair_n and_o resolve_v to_o fly_v the_o enemy_n be_v encourage_v with_o the_o hope_n of_o victory_n load_v themselves_o with_o faggot_n and_o bone_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o trench_n and_o with_o full_a speed_n run_v up_o to_o the_o roman_n camp_n which_o be_v situate_a on_o a_o hill_n from_o whence_o when_o titurius_n have_v send_v out_o his_o whole_a army_n he_o overthrow_v the_o gaul_n and_o take_v many_o of_o they_o prisoner_n 8._o the_o inhabitant_n of_o asculum_n when_o pompey_n come_v to_o besiege_v the_o town_n cause_v a_o few_o old_a and_o sick_a folk_n to_o show_v themselves_o from_o the_o wall_n which_o make_v the_o roman_a army_n to_o be_v more_o secure_a and_o careless_a so_o that_o when_o the_o townsman_n sally_v out_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n 9_o they_o of_o numantia_n when_o they_o be_v besiege_v draw_v up_o none_o of_o their_o force_n before_o the_o wall_n but_o keep_v themselves_o within_o so_o close_o and_o quiet_a that_o popilius_n lenas_n have_v the_o confidence_n to_o scale_v the_o wall_n and_o then_o suspect_v a_o design_n and_o a_o ambush_n for_o at_o that_o instant_n he_o meet_v with_o no_o resistance_n he_o sound_v a_o retreat_n then_o do_v the_o inhabitant_n sally_v out_o and_o assault_v the_o roman_n as_o they_o be_v come_v down_o and_o draw_v back_o chap._n xviii_o of_o the_o constancy_n of_o the_o besiege_a example_n 1._o the_o roman_n when_o hannibal_n camp_n be_v before_o their_o wall_n to_o express_v their_o confidence_n send_v out_o by_o another_o gate_n a_o supply_n and_o a_o recruit_v to_o their_o army_n which_o be_v then_o in_o spain_n 2._o the_o same_o roman_n when_o the_o proprietor_n of_o the_o field_n where_o hannibal_n have_v pitch_v his_o camp_n be_v by_o chance_n dead_a sell_v it_o at_o a_o high_a rate_n than_o it_o be_v buy_v by_o he_o before_o the_o war_n 3._o the_o same_o roman_n be_v besiege_v by_o hannibal_n at_o the_o same_o time_n that_o their_o army_n besiege_v capua_n resolve_v and_o decree_v that_o their_o army_n shall_v not_o come_v away_o from_o thence_o until_o they_o have_v take_v that_o city_n the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n of_o sextus_n julius_n frontinus_n once_o a_o roman_a consul_n the_o introduction_n in_o the_o three_o former_a book_n according_a to_o my_o promise_n as_o i_o suppose_v i_o have_v place_v in_o order_n not_o without_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o care_n and_o diligence_n the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n which_o i_o have_v gather_v from_o the_o perusal_n of_o many_o history_n in_o this_o book_n i_o shall_v now_o set_v down_o those_o thing_n which_o can_v not_o fit_o nor_o proper_o be_v place_v under_o the_o former_a head_n and_o which_o may_v be_v rather_o call_v the_o example_n of_o general_n and_o captain_n of_o war_n than_o of_o stratagem_n
the_o four_o other_o legion_n to_o march_v out_o and_o to_o stand_v in_o order_n with_o their_o arm_n ready_a as_o for_o a_o battle_n afterward_o he_o lead_v out_o the_o seditious_a legion_n without_o arm_n and_o belt_n and_o in_o the_o view_n of_o the_o rest_n he_o force_v they_o to_o but_o straw_n and_o the_o next_o day_n he_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n likewise_o with_o girdle_n to_o dig_v a_o ditch_n and_o can_v never_o be_v prevail_v upon_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o the_o legion_n nor_o stop_v from_o take_v away_o their_o colour_n blot_v out_o the_o name_n of_o their_o legion_n and_o from_o distribute_v the_o soldier_n as_o a_o supplement_n and_o in_o recruit_n to_o the_o other_o legion_n 44._o q._n fulvius_n and_o appius_n claudiws_n be_v consul_n the_o soldier_n who_o where_o leave_v after_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n and_o have_v be_v banish_v into_o sicily_n make_v request_n to_o m._n marcellus_n that_o they_o may_v be_v lead_v against_o the_o enemy_n when_o he_o have_v inform_v the_o senate_n with_o their_o petition_n the_o senate_n answer_v that_o they_o do_v not_o like_a to_o leave_v the_o defence_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n to_o they_o who_o have_v forsake_v it_o but_o they_o appoint_v marcellus_n to_o do_v as_o he_o judge_v expedient_a upon_o condition_n that_o none_o of_o they_o shall_v be_v free_v from_o duty_n nor_o be_v reward_v with_o honour_n or_o gift_n nor_o be_v bring_v back_o into_o italy_n while_o any_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n be_v there_o 45._o m_o salinator_n of_o the_o order_n of_o consul_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o people_n because_o he_o have_v not_o divide_v the_o prey_n equal_o among_o his_o soldier_n when_o q._n pecilius_n the_o consul_n be_v kill_v by_o the_o ligures_n in_o a_o battle_n the_o senate_n decree_v that_o the_o legion_n where_o the_o consul_n be_v when_o he_o fall_v shall_v be_v disband_v deprive_v of_o a_o year_n pay_v and_o all_o remembrance_n of_o that_o legion_n shall_v be_v blot_v out_o chap._n ii_o of_o the_o good_a effect_n of_o the_o discipline_n of_o war._n example_n 1._o it_o be_v repute_v that_o the_o army_n of_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n in_o the_o civil_a war_n when_o they_o march_v together_o through_o macedonia_n and_o that_o brutus_n come_v first_o to_o a_o river_n over_o which_o they_o be_v to_o make_v a_o bridge_n nevertheless_o cassius_n army_n make_v more_o speed_n in_o build_v the_o bridge_n and_o in_o hasten_v to_o pass_v over_o and_o get_v before_o the_o army_n of_o brutus_n this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o their_o discipline_n and_o good_a government_n which_o cause_v the_o army_n command_v by_o cassius_n to_o excel_v those_o of_o brutus_n army_n both_o in_o work_v and_o in_o the_o encounter_n with_o a_o enemy_n 2._o c._n marius_n have_v liberty_n to_o choose_v his_o army_n either_o that_o which_o be_v command_v by_o rutilius_n or_o the_o other_o under_o metellus_n which_o afterward_o be_v govern_v by_o himself_o desire_v rather_o to_o have_v that_o which_o rutilius_n keep_v under_o discipline_n and_o good_a order_n though_o the_o lesser_a of_o the_o two_n 3._o when_o domitius_n corbulo_n have_v reform_v the_o discipline_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n with_o two_o legion_n and_o a_o few_o auxiliary_a troop_n he_o encounter_v with_o the_o parthian_n 4._o alexander_n king_n of_o macedon_n assault_v the_o whole_a world_n with_o 40000_o man_n who_o have_v be_v well_o train_v up_o by_o king_n philip_n and_o overcome_v vast_a number_n of_o his_o enemy_n 5._o cyrus_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n master_v many_o difficulty_n with_o fourteen_o thousand_o arm_v men._n 6._o epaminondas_n general_n of_o the_o theban_n with_o four_o thousand_o man_n among_o who_o be_v but_o four_o hundred_o horseman_n overcome_v the_o lacedaemonian_a army_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o sixteen_o hundred_o horse_n 7._o by_o fourteen_o thousand_o greek_n which_o be_v send_v to_o help_v cyrus_n against_o artaxerxes_n a_o hundred_o thousand_o persian_n be_v overcome_v in_o battle_n 8._o the_o same_o fourteen_o thousand_o have_v lose_v in_o a_o fight_n their_o chief_a commander_n leave_v the_o care_n of_o their_o conduct_n homeward_o to_o one_o of_o their_o number_n xenophon_n by_o name_n who_o be_v of_o athens_n and_o they_o return_v safe_a through_o difficult_a and_o unknown_a region_n and_o country_n 9_o xerxes_n be_v stop_v by_o three_o hundred_o lacedaemonian_n at_o the_o strait_n of_o thennopyle_n and_o when_o he_o can_v scarce_o destroy_v they_o with_o all_o his_o army_n he_o confesle_v that_o in_o this_o he_o perceive_v his_o own_o error_n that_o in_o truth_n he_o have_v many_o man_n at_o his_o command_n but_o stout_a and_o valiant_a and_o careful_a to_o observe_v the_o discipline_n of_o war_n he_o have_v none_o chap._n iii_o of_o continency_n example_n 1._o it_o be_v report_v of_o m._n cato_n when_o he_o be_v go_v general_n into_o spain_n that_o he_o drink_v of_o no_o other_o wine_n but_o such_o as_o be_v for_o the_o sailor_n 2._o fabricius_n when_o cyneas_n the_o king_n of_o epyrus_n ambassador_n offer_v he_o a_o great_a sum_n of_o gold_n refuse_v it_o with_o this_o say_n that_o he_o have_v rather_o command_v such_o as_o have_v money_n than_o to_o have_v it_o himself_o 3._o attilius_n regulus_n when_o he_o be_v chief_a commander_n be_v so_o poor_a that_o he_o maintain_v himself_o his_o wife_n and_o child_n with_o a_o small_a field_n which_o be_v manure_v and_o manage_v by_o a_o countryman_n of_o who_o death_n when_o he_o have_v hear_v he_o write_v to_o the_o senate_n to_o send_v he_o a_o successor_n because_o his_o family_n will_v be_v in_o want_n by_o the_o death_n of_o his_o servant_n and_o that_o his_o presence_n be_v needful_a at_o home_n 4._o cn._n scipio_n after_o that_o he_o have_v many_o success_n in_o spain_n fall_v into_o a_o very_a great_a poverty_n and_o so_o dye_v that_o he_o have_v not_o money_n sufficient_a leave_v for_o the_o marriage_n of_o his_o daughter_n wherefore_o the_o senate_n appoint_v they_o portion_n out_o of_o the_o public_a treasury_n 5_o the_o athenian_n deal_v in_o the_o same_o generous_a manner_n with_o the_o child_n of_o aristides_n who_o decease_v very_o poor_a after_o that_o he_o have_v excellent_o well_o behave_v himself_o in_o his_o government_n 6._o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a general_n be_v so_o spare_v in_o the_o field_n that_o there_o be_v nothing_o find_v in_o the_o field_n among_o his_o moveable_n but_o a_o pot_n to_o boil_v meat_n and_o one_o spit_v 7._o hannibal_n be_v wont_a to_o rise_v by_o night_n never_o go_v to_o rest_v before_o it_o be_v dark_a at_o the_o dawn_n of_o the_o day_n he_o use_v to_o go_v to_o supper_n and_o he_o never_o have_v more_o than_o two_o bed_n for_o he_o and_o his_o domestic_n 8._o the_o same_o hannibal_n when_o he_o be_v at_o the_o war_n under_o hasdrubal_n the_o general_n for_o the_o most_o part_n sleep_v upon_o the_o bare_a ground_n with_o his_o armour_n about_o he_o 9_o it_o be_v report_v that_o scipio_n aemilianus_n be_v wont_a to_o eat_v bread_n walk_v in_o a_o journey_n with_o his_o friend_n 10._o the_o same_o thing_n be_v say_v of_o alexander_n the_o macedonian_a 11._o and_o we_o read_v of_o massinissa_n that_o when_o he_o be_v ninety_o year_n old_a he_o will_v stand_v and_o walk_v before_o his_o tent_n and_o eat_v meat_n 12._o when_o m._n curius_n have_v overcome_v the_o sabine_n and_o that_o the_o senate_n for_o his_o good_a service_n appoint_v for_o he_o a_o portion_n of_o land_n which_o old_a soldier_n use_v to_o receive_v be_v content_v with_o the_o share_n of_o a_o common_a soldier_n and_o say_v that_o he_o be_v but_o a_o ill_a citizen_n when_o that_o will_v not_o suffice_v which_o be_v sufficient_a for_o other_o 13._o remarkable_a also_o have_v the_o moderation_n be_v of_o whole_a army_n as_o that_o under_o m._n scaurus_n for_o scaurus_n write_v that_o in_o fix_v his_o camp_n there_o be_v a_o appletree_n load_v with_o fruit_n within_o his_o fortification_n which_o the_o next_o day_n when_o the_o army_n remove_v be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o touch_v and_o have_v lose_v no_o apple_n 14._o when_o the_o emperor_n caesar_n domitianus_n lead_v his_o army_n in_o the_o german_a war_n which_o julius_n civilis_n stir_v up_o the_o most_o wealthy_a city_n of_o liege_n which_o revolt_v to_o civilius_fw-la be_v afraid_a of_o caesar_n come_n the_o soldier_n will_v plunder_v they_o but_o when_o they_o see_v contrary_a to_o their_o expectation_n that_o nothing_o have_v be_v take_v away_o by_o violence_n and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o lose_v any_o thing_n of_o their_o good_n return_v to_o their_o obedience_n and_o deliver_v to_o he_o seventy_o thousand_o arm_v men._n 15._o l._n mummius_n when_o he_o have_v take_v corinth_n adorn_v not_o only_o all_o italy_n with_o statue_n and_o picture_n bat_n also_o all_o the_o province_n
the_o roman_n army_n will_v have_v the_o advantage_n but_o caelius_n with_o all_o his_o family_n will_v perish_v he_o therefore_o destroy_v the_o bird_n and_o it_o happen_v according_o the_o roman_a army_n get_v the_o victory_n but_o caelius_n with_o fourteen_o of_o his_o family_n and_o name_n be_v kill_v in_o that_o same_o fight_n some_o report_n that_o it_o be_v not_o caelius_n but_o laelius_n and_o that_o the_o family_n of_o the_o laely_a not_o the_o cae_o be_v destroy_v 15._o p._n decius_n first_o the_o father_n next_o the_o son_n be_v magistrate_n offer_v themselves_o to_o die_v for_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o put_v spur_n to_o their_o horse_n they_o charge_v the_o enemy_n and_o obtain_v for_o their_o country_n the_o victory_n 16._o when_o p._n crussus_n be_v engage_v in_o asia_n in_o the_o war_n against_o aristonicus_n between_o aelia_n and_o myrina_n he_o fall_v in_o among_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o be_v take_v prisoner_n which_o cause_v he_o to_o exclaim_v against_o the_o roman_a consul_n because_o of_o his_o captivity_n but_o with_o the_o rod_n that_o he_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n to_o strike_v his_o horse_n he_o put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o a_o thracian_a who_o to_o revenge_v himself_o run_v he_o through_o and_o deliver_v he_o from_o his_o captivity_n as_o he_o desire_v 17._o m._n cato_n the_o censor_n son_n fall_v down_o in_o a_o battle_n from_o his_o horse_n when_o he_o look_v about_o and_o perceive_v that_o his_o sword_n be_v fall_v out_o of_o the_o scabbard_n he_o fear_v the_o reproach_n of_o his_o own_o man_n he_o therefore_o return_v to_o the_o enemy_n and_o recover_v his_o sword_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v some_o wound_n he_o return_v back_o to_o his_o own_o party_n 18._o when_o the_o petilini_n be_v besiege_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n they_o cast_v out_o of_o their_o city_n their_o age_a parent_n and_o child_n because_o of_o the_o famine_n and_o they_o endure_v a_o long_a siege_n of_o eleven_o month_n by_o feed_v upon_o the_o leaf_n of_o tree_n upon_o wet_a leather_n dry_v at_o the_o fire_n and_o upon_o all_o manner_n of_o beast_n 19_o the_o spaniard_n call_v arabricenses_n suffer_v the_o same_o misery_n and_o will_v not_o deliver_v up_o the_o town_n to_o herculeius_n 20._o when_o the_o cassilini_n be_v besiege_v by_o hannibal_n they_o suffer_v so_o much_o want_v that_o a_o mouse_n be_v sell_v for_o a_o hundred_o penny_n as_o it_o be_v leave_v upon_o record_n and_o that_o he_o that_o sell_v it_o die_v for_o want_v but_o the_o buyer_n preserve_v his_o life_n they_o continue_v nevertheless_o in_o their_o fidelity_n to_o the_o roman_n 21._o when_o mithridates_n besiege_v cyzicum_n he_o bring_v forth_o the_o captive_n of_o that_o town_n and_o show_v they_o to_o the_o besiege_a imagine_v that_o out_o of_o pity_n and_o compassion_n of_o their_o own_o man_n the_o towns-people_n will_v yield_v themselves_o but_o they_o exhort_v the_o prisoner_n to_o suffer_v death_n manful_o keep_v their_o faith_n to_o the_o roman_n 22._o the_o segobrigenses_n when_o their_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v kill_v by_o viriatus_n choose_v rather_o to_o behold_v the_o torment_n of_o their_o dear_a relation_n than_o to_o fall_v away_o from_o the_o roman_n 23._o they_o of_o numantia_n rather_o than_o to_o yield_v shut_v themselves_o up_o in_o their_o house_n and_o be_v famish_a to_o death_n chap._n vi_o of_o affection_n and_o moderation_n example_n 1._o when_o q._n fabius_n exhort_v his_o son_n that_o he_o shall_v choose_v a_o convenient_a place_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o few_o men._n he_o answer_v will_v thou_o be_v of_o the_o number_n of_o those_o few_o 2._o xenophon_n be_v on_o horseback_n command_v a_o party_n of_o foot_n soldier_n to_o take_v the_o top_n of_o a_o hill_n but_o when_o one_o of_o they_o murmur_v that_o he_o can_v easy_o fit_v on_o his_o horse_n order_v such_o a_o difficult_a march_n he_o alight_v and_o make_v the_o soldier_n to_o mount_v in_o his_o stead_n and_o he_o run_v on_o foot_n get_v up_o to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n the_o soldier_n be_v ashamed_a of_o what_o be_v do_v when_o all_o his_o fellow_n laugh_v at_o he_o alight_v they_o all_o together_o can_v hardly_o persuade_v xenophon_n to_o take_v his_o horse_n again_o and_o to_o preserve_v himself_o for_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n belong_v to_o a_o general_n 3._o alexander_n lead_v his_o army_n in_o the_o winter_n when_o he_o be_v sit_v by_o a_o fire_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o his_o force_n as_o they_o march_v by_o he_o see_v a_o certain_a soldier_n almost_o dead_a with_o cold_a he_o call_v he_o and_o make_v he_o sit_v in_o his_o place_n tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o have_v be_v bear_v among_o the_o persian_n to_o sit_v in_o the_o king_n seat_n will_v be_v a_o crime_n worthy_a of_o death_n but_o to_o a_o macedonian_a bear_v it_o be_v allow_v 4._o d._n augustus_n vespasianus_n understanding_n that_o a_o certain_a young_a man_n of_o honest_a parentage_n unable_a for_o the_o war_n because_o of_o his_o great_a poverty_n be_v bring_v down_o to_o the_o low_a rank_n of_o soldier_n he_o appoint_v he_o a_o pension_n and_o free_v he_o from_o the_o militia_n chap._n vii_o of_o various_a counsel_n resolution_n and_o advises_n example_n 1._o caesar_n use_v to_o say_v that_o his_o policy_n be_v to_o treat_v a_o enemy_n as_o many_o physician_n do_v the_o distemper_n of_o body_n to_o overcome_v they_o rather_o by_o famine_n than_o by_o sword_n 2._o domitius_n corbulo_n be_v wont_a to_o say_v that_o a_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v overcome_v with_o a_o mattock_n that_o be_v by_o work_n and_o trench_n 3._o l._n paulus_n be_v of_o a_o judgement_n that_o a_o general_n shall_v be_v old_a in_o manner_n that_o be_v shall_v follow_v the_o most_o moderate_a counsel_n 4._o it_o be_v report_v of_o scipio_n africanus_n that_o when_o one_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o be_v no_o fighter_n answer_v my_o mother_n make_v i_o a_o general_n but_o no_o common_a soldier_n 5._o c._n maria_n when_o a_o german_a challenge_v he_o out_o to_o fight_v he_o tell_v he_o that_o if_o he_o be_v desirous_a of_o death_n he_o may_v go_v and_o hang_v himself_o and_o when_o one_o show_v he_o a_o gladiator_n of_o a_o low_a staure_n but_o very_o old_a he_o bid_v he_o fight_v he_o and_o if_o he_o do_v overcome_v he_o will_v encounter_v with_o he_o who_o be_v the_o conqueror_n 6._o q._n sertorius_n understanding_n by_o experience_n that_o he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o deal_v with_o all_o the_o roman_a army_n together_o in_o a_o body_n that_o he_o may_v better_o be_v able_a to_o teach_v his_o barbarian_a people_n who_o desire_v earnest_o to_o fight_v they_o he_o bring_v before_o they_o two_o horse_n the_o one_o strong_a and_o lusty_a the_o other_o very_o weak_a and_o command_v two_o young_a man_n answerable_a to_o they_o to_o take_v they_o in_o hand_n to_o the_o strong_a man_n he_o appoint_v the_o weak_a horse_n bid_v he_o to_o pull_v of_o the_o whole_a tail_n but_o the_o weak_a young_a man_n he_o command_v to_o pull_v off_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o strong_a horse_n one_o hair_n after_o another_o the_o weak_a person_n succeed_v in_o his_o enterprise_n and_o pull_v off_o all_o the_o tail_n by_o degree_n but_o the_o strong_a young_a man_n strive_v in_o vain_a to_o pull_v off_o the_o tail_n of_o the_o weak_a horse_n by_o this_o example_n say_v sertorius_n my_o soldier_n i_o have_v discover_v to_o you_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overcome_v if_o you_o encounter_v they_o all_o together_o but_o you_o may_v destroy_v they_o by_o degree_n if_o you_o take_v they_o by_o party_n 7._o valerius_n levinus_n the_o consul_n have_v take_v within_o his_o camp_n a_o spy_n of_o the_o enemy_n out_o of_o a_o confidence_n he_o have_v in_o his_o soldier_n command_v he_o to_o be_v lead_v about_o the_o quarter_n and_o to_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n he_o assure_v he_o that_o when_o they_o please_v their_o spy_n shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o his_o force_n 8._o caelius_n principilaris_n who_o be_v choose_v captain_n in_o germany_n over_o such_o as_o remain_v alive_a and_o be_v besiege_v after_o the_o defeat_n of_o varrus_n fear_v lest_o the_o enemy_n shall_v fire_v the_o heap_n of_o wood_n join_v to_o the_o trench_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v set_v their_o camp_n in_o a_o flame_n pretend_v the_o want_n of_o wood_n he_o send_v therefore_o many_o to_o steal_v wood_n every_o where_o which_o when_o the_o german_n see_v they_o carry_v away_o all_o the_o heap_n of_o great_a wood._n 9_o cn._n scipio_n in_o the_o maritime_a war_n cast_v pitcher_n full_a of_o tar_n and_o grease_n into_o the_o enemy_n ship_n that_o by_o their_o weight_n they_o may_v do_v mischief_n and_o by_o break_v and_o shed_v what_o be_v therein_o
and_o auxiliary_n to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v obtain_v a_o famous_a victory_n whether_o this_o report_n be_v real_o so_o or_o whether_o it_o be_v invent_v on_o purpose_n as_o it_o have_v be_v sometime_o practise_v to_o encourage_v the_o soldier_n to_o difficult_a encounter_n it_o have_v that_o good_a effect_n that_o none_o doubt_v afterward_o of_o success_n and_o the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v more_o resolute_a and_o brave_a in_o all_o their_o fights_z with_o the_o enemy_n insomuch_o that_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n a_o panic_n fear_v so_o seize_v the_o saracen_n who_o be_v come_v to_o relieve_v that_o city_n and_o assist_v the_o persian_a king_n that_o only_o the_o alarm_n and_o dread_a of_o the_o roman_n approach_n cause_v they_o in_o their_o armour_n to_o cast_v themselves_o into_o the_o river_n euphrates_n and_o venture_v over_o but_o the_o swiftness_n of_o the_o stream_n swallow_v a_o hundred_o thousand_o who_o for_o fear_n of_o the_o roman_a sword_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o water_n in_o this_o persian_a war_n ardaburius_n by_o policy_n alone_o overcome_v seven_o great_a commander_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o notwithstanding_o these_o glorious_a victory_n theodosius_n send_v one_o of_o his_o courtier_n name_v helion_n to_o conclude_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o persian_a monarch_n but_o this_o motion_n be_v at_o first_o reject_v by_o the_o soldier_n of_o the_o regiment_n call_v by_o the_o persian_n immortal_a consist_v of_o 10000_o variant_n man_n who_o desire_v their_o prince_n to_o give_v they_o leave_v to_o beat_v up_o the_o roman_a quarter_n and_o try_v whether_o they_o may_v surprise_v they_o secure_a and_o negligent_a but_o such_o be_v the_o vigilancy_n and_o diligence_n of_o the_o commander_n and_o courage_n of_o the_o soldier_n that_o they_o encompass_v these_o stout_a persian_n and_o cut_v they_o all_o in_o piece_n though_o they_o have_v divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o party_n to_o assault_v the_o roman_a camp_n with_o more_o advantage_n chap._n ii_o of_o asper_n a_o son_n of_o ardaburius_n after_o the_o persian_a war_n and_o the_o death_n of_o honorius_n the_o emperor_n the_o uncle_n of_o theodosius_n the_o young_a 23._o socrat._v schol_n lib._n 7._o cap_n 23._o a_o certain_a rebel_n name_v john_n attempt_v to_o invade_v the_o imperial_a crown_n and_o dignity_n with_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o soldier_n who_o he_o have_v list_a for_o that_o purpose_n ardaturius_n be_v send_v against_o he_o but_o it_o happen_v that_o as_o he_o be_v sail_v from_o salonae_n to_o aquileia_n through_o cross_a wind_n he_o fall_v into_o the_o enemy_n power_n when_o aspar_n his_o son_n and_o the_o roman_a army_n understand_v it_o they_o make_v more_o speed_n than_o ordinary_a to_o invest_v ravenna_n whither_o they_o have_v carry_v their_o general_n prisoner_n follow_v the_o conduct_n and_o direction_n of_o a_o angel_n of_o god_n who_o be_v send_v in_o the_o appearance_n and_o garb_n of_o a_o shepherd_n as_o be_v then_o report_v to_o assist_v the_o just_a cause_n of_o the_o religious_a emperor_n theodosius_n against_o the_o rebel_n such_o invention_n have_v often_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o politic_a wit_n of_o all_o age_n and_o such_o report_n have_v be_v often_o spread_v and_o encourage_v to_o oblige_v the_o ignorant_a vulgar_a to_o more_o manhood_n and_o confidence_n however_o whether_o that_o report_n be_v real_a or_o feign_a aspar_n sudden_o assault_v and_o enter_v ravenna_n through_o a_o lake_n join_v to_o the_o wall_n which_o because_o never_o any_o have_v ford_v it_o before_o be_v less_o guard_v whether_o then_o by_o the_o power_n of_o god_n the_o water_n be_v abate_v to_o favour_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o soldier_n or_o whether_o the_o boldness_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o assailant_n attempt_v to_o go_v through_o a_o place_n that_o be_v believe_v to_o be_v unpassable_a give_v a_o occasion_n to_o such_o a_o report_n be_v uncertain_a though_o it_o have_v be_v always_o the_o wisdom_n and_o practice_n of_o great_a general_n to_o endeavour_v thing_n that_o seem_v unfeazable_a and_o to_o assault_v a_o enemy_n on_o that_o side_n where_o they_o be_v most_o secure_a and_o where_o they_o most_o rely_v upon_o a_o natural_a fortification_n chap._n iii_o of_o belissarius_fw-la the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n in_o the_o day_n of_o justinian_n the_o emperor_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 528._o several_a general_n be_v in_o the_o day_n of_o martianus_n leo._n 1._o zeno_n anastasius_n and_o justinus_n the_o former_a emperor_n but_o none_o much_o renown_a for_o their_o policy_n and_o exploit_n belissarius_fw-la be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o remarkable_a in_o all_o history_n for_o his_o brave_a action_n and_o for_o the_o instability_n and_o unconstancy_n of_o humane_a glory_n his_o excellent_a conduct_n together_o with_o his_o wonderful_a success_n in_o war_n raise_v he_o to_o the_o high_a apex_n of_o honour_n but_o envy_n malice_n and_o ingratitude_n cast_v he_o down_o to_o the_o low_a step_n of_o misery_n to_o beg_v his_o bread_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o sancta_fw-la sophia_n the_o chief_a church_n of_o constantinople_n with_o this_o say_n give_v a_o half_a penny_n to_o belissarius_fw-la for_o the_o emperor_n justinianus_n cause_v his_o eye_n to_o be_v put_v out_o and_o all_o his_o estate_n to_o be_v take_v from_o he_o after_o that_o he_o have_v by_o his_o wisdom_n and_o valour_n save_v and_o enlarge_v the_o roman_a empire_n and_o deliver_v the_o emperor_n person_n from_o a_o strong_a conspiracy_n head_v by_o one_o florianus_n a_o nobleman_n and_o assist_v by_o hippatius_n pompeius_n and_o probus_n kinsman_n of_o the_o former_a emperor_n anastasius_n this_o act_n of_o valour_n restore_v he_o to_o the_o emperor_n favour_n for_o he_o have_v be_v in_o some_o disgrace_n through_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o courtier_n he_o be_v of_o no_o extraordinary_a birth_n but_o raise_v himself_o through_o his_o great_a skill_n in_o martial_a affair_n at_o that_o time_n gilimerus_n reign_v over_o the_o vandal_n in_o africa_n where_o that_o northern_a people_n have_v erect_v a_o flourish_a empire_n justinian_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o and_o send_v belissarius_fw-la as_o general_n with_o a_o numerous_a fleet_n and_o well_o furnish_v army_n after_o several_a encounter_n he_o meet_v the_o vandal_n in_o a_o pitch_a battle_n overthrow_v and_o destroy_v several_a thousand_o pursue_v their_o king_n from_o one_o kingdom_n to_o another_o till_o at_o last_o he_o besiege_v he_o and_o take_v he_o by_o famine_n in_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n and_o with_o he_o subdue_v all_o that_o part_n of_o africa_n which_o have_v be_v former_o under_o the_o roman_a power_n and_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o arian_n heresy_n which_o have_v infect_v all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o world_n all_o this_o be_v bring_v to_o pass_v not_o so_o much_o through_o the_o valour_n and_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n as_o by_o the_o policy_n and_o good_a government_n of_o the_o noble_a general_n who_o be_v excellent_a in_o lay_v of_o ambush_n and_o in_o beset_a a_o enemy_n in_o a_o open_a field_n whereby_o he_o be_v reduce_v to_o the_o necessity_n either_o of_o yield_v or_o of_o fly_v away_o this_o conquest_n of_o africa_n by_o belisarius_n happen_v about_o 95_o year_n after_o the_o first_o entrance_n of_o the_o vandal_n into_o africa_n according_a to_o the_o prediction_n of_o st._n cyprian_n who_o have_v so_o long_o before_o comfort_v his_o auditor_n with_o the_o assurance_n of_o a_o total_a extirpation_n of_o the_o cruel_a vandal_n together_o with_o their_o damnable_a heresy_n after_o this_o victory_n belisarius_n lead_v back_o his_o army_n to_o constantinople_n with_o gelimerus_n bind_v in_o chain_n of_o silver_n belisarius_n be_v send_v next_o into_o sicily_n to_o revenge_v the_o murder_n of_o queen_n amalasventa_n he_o soon_o conquer_v that_o island_n and_o pass_v over_o into_o italy_n against_o the_o goth_n command_v by_o their_o king_n theodatus_fw-la who_o be_v slay_v at_o ravenna_n by_o his_o own_o people_n in_o his_o stead_n they_o make_v vitiges_n king_n against_o he_o belisarius_n march_v take_v naples_n and_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n which_o he_o defend_v against_o all_o the_o gothick_n power_n assist_v by_o the_o franc_n and_o slay_v in_o one_o sally_n under_o the_o wall_n of_o rome_n in_o one_o day_n 30000_o goth_n after_o the_o siege_n be_v raise_v which_o last_v one_o whole_a year_n belisarius_n relieve_v ariminum_n and_o force_v the_o goth_n to_o desire_v the_o help_n of_o the_o burgundian_n and_o take_v their_o king_n vitiges_n in_o the_o city_n of_o ravenna_n and_o carry_v he_o to_o constantinople_n from_o thence_o he_o go_v against_o cosroes_n king_n of_o persia_n and_o drive_v he_o out_o of_o the_o roman_a territory_n but_o totila_n the_o new_a king_n of_o the_o goth_n have_v make_v great_a progress_n in_o italy_n against_o the_o emperor_n in_o the_o absence_n of_o
and_o noble_a captain_n over_o his_o eastern_a army_n name_v martianus_n who_o he_o send_v with_o new_a raise_v force_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o to_o the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n martianus_n be_v but_o bad_o provide_v of_o necessary_n yet_o by_o his_o extraordinary_a diligence_n he_o come_v upon_o a_o army_n of_o the_o persian_n before_o the_o rest_n be_v ready_a to_o fight_v and_o rout_v they_o the_o roman_a general_n lay_v siege_n to_o nisibis_n but_o cosroes_n make_v all_o haste_n to_o relieve_v the_o city_n send_v adaarmanes_a a_o captain_n of_o the_o wild_a arabian_n to_o waist_n and_o spoil_v the_o roman_a territory_n which_o he_o perform_v with_o less_o opposition_n because_o at_o that_o time_n justin_n the_o emperor_n have_v send_v acatius_n a_o proud_a â—â—ector_n but_o a_o cowardly_a and_o ignorant_a soldier_n to_o be_v geneneral_a instead_o of_o martianus_n this_o un-advised_n act_n discontent_v the_o army_n that_o most_o of_o they_o flee_v and_o forsake_v the_o siege_n of_o nisibis_n and_o suffer_v adaarmanes_a to_o spoil_v the_o country_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n to_o take_v and_o burn_v apamia_n and_o by_o the_o help_n of_o cosroes_n to_o plunder_v daras_n much_o more_o mischief_n will_v have_v ensue_v have_v not_o the_o empress_n send_v a_o ambassador_n in_o season_n to_o cosroes_n to_o stop_v his_o victorious_a army_n and_o revengeful_a hand_n for_o no_o great_a good_a can_v be_v expect_v from_o a_o army_n when_o general_n want_v experience_n when_o officer_n and_o soldier_n have_v no_o confidence_n in_o one_o another_o when_o the_o chief_a commander_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o coward_n disesteem_v for_o his_o folly_n pride_n cruelty_n or_o any_o other_o imperfection_n of_o body_n or_o mind_n the_o roman_a empire_n be_v then_o in_o a_o sad_a condition_n invade_v by_o many_o barbarous_a nation_n on_o all_o its_o border_n so_o that_o the_o empress_n to_o remedy_v the_o evil_n that_o threaten_v the_o state_n persuade_v justin_n to_o make_v tiberius_n a_o valiant_a and_o wise_a man_n partner_n with_o he_o in_o the_o empire_n he_o immediate_o list_v a_o stout_a and_o numerous_a army_n and_o the_o treasure_n which_o former_o have_v be_v convert_v to_o debauchery_n he_o employ_v to_o pay_v his_o soldier_n over_o they_o he_o appoint_v a_o discreet_a general_n name_v justinianus_n and_o send_v he_o to_o give_v a_o check_n to_o cosroes_n and_o the_o persian_n proceed_n who_o be_v then_o in_o cappadocia_n the_o two_o army_n meet_v but_o when_o cosroes_n be_v loath_a to_o venture_v the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n because_o of_o the_o number_n and_o stoutness_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n cur_n a_o scythian_a captain_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o the_o roman_n give_v such_o a_o furious_a charge_n upon_o the_o persian_n that_o they_o be_v put_v to_o flight_n and_o he_o pursue_v they_o to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o king_n treasure_n and_o carriage_n be_v keep_v which_o he_o bring_v away_o with_o he_o the_o king_n take_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o next_o night_n to_o fall_v upon_o one_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n which_o he_o do_v with_o some_o success_n but_o when_o both_o part_n be_v unite_v they_o pursue_v he_o to_o the_o river_n euphrates_n where_o be_v kill_v and_o drown_v most_o part_n of_o his_o force_n a_o just_a reward_n for_o his_o insolency_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o he_o have_v plague_v with_o continual_a war_n many_o year_n but_o at_o last_o be_v overthrow_v and_o his_o army_n cut_v in_o piece_n by_o justinianus_n a_o worthy_a general_n and_o the_o emperor_n tiberius_n chap._n vii_o of_o mauritius_n general_n under_o tiberius_n the_o emperor_n ann._n dom._n 580._o who_o afterward_o be_v choose_v emperor_n this_o general_n be_v represent_v to_o we_o a_o very_a valiant_a and_o politic_a commander_n free_a from_o lust_n and_o debauchery_n diligent_a and_o careful_a in_o his_o business_n watchful_a over_o the_o enemy_n and_o wary_a in_o all_o his_o undertake_n steady_a and_o courageous_a in_o all_o his_o resolution_n he_o have_v great_a success_n in_o his_o war_n against_o the_o persian_n for_o he_o take_v from_o they_o many_o city_n and_o castle_n upon_o the_o border_n and_o enrich_v the_o roman_a army_n with_o spoil_n and_o plunder_n famo_fw-la cosroes_n a_o persian_a general_n assist_v by_o adaarmanes_a meet_v he_o with_o their_o force_n but_o they_o be_v both_o overthrow_v by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o mauritius_n and_o by_o the_o roman_n courage_n and_o valour_n when_o they_o be_v forsake_v by_o some_o of_o their_o auxiliary_a troop_n for_o such_o a_o disappointment_n when_o a_o army_n depend_v upon_o the_o assistance_n of_o other_o who_o either_o run_v away_o or_o fly_v to_o the_o enemy_n to_o increase_v their_o power_n be_v able_a to_o give_v great_a discouragement_n and_o to_o dishearten_v the_o most_o courageous_a mind_n now_o when_o some_o general_n have_v have_v such_o jealousy_n of_o any_o of_o their_o force_n they_o have_v by_o policy_n or_o some_o cunning_a invention_n clap_v a_o plaster_n to_o the_o wound_n wise_o prevent_v before_o the_o mischief_n which_o such_o treachery_n or_o cowardice_n will_v otherwise_o bring_v upon_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o army_n for_o a_o wise_a general_n must_v be_v furnish_v against_o all_o casualty_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o meet_v a_o encounter_n with_o all_o the_o unexpected_n accident_n which_o in_o his_o reason_n may_v possible_o happen_v in_o a_o battle_n his_o undaunted_a courage_n alone_o be_v able_a to_o give_v life_n to_o his_o die_a army_n and_o snatch_v from_o a_o enemy_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n mauritius_n be_v a_o politic_a commander_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o stratagem_n whereof_o he_o be_v the_o author_n when_o he_o be_v emperor_n caganas_n king_n of_o the_o avari_fw-la a_o northern_a people_n invade_v the_o border_n of_o thracia_n and_o after_o many_o cruel_a fight_v besiege_v priscus_n the_o praetor_n in_o a_o castle_n mauritius_n not_o be_v able_a to_o raise_v the_o siege_n because_o his_o army_n be_v otherwise_o employ_v send_v a_o letter_n to_o priscus_n to_o will_v he_o to_o hold_v out_o stout_o for_o some_o few_o day_n for_o that_o his_o fleet_n which_o be_v now_o destroy_v the_o country_n of_o caganus_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n by_o his_o order_n will_v speedy_o return_v and_o relieve_v he_o caganus_n intercept_v this_o letter_n as_o it_o be_v go_v into_o the_o castle_n he_o believe_v the_o content_n to_o be_v true_a therefore_o the_o fear_n of_o his_o own_o territory_n make_v he_o in_o haste_n to_o rise_v from_o the_o siege_n to_o save_v his_o country_n from_o the_o suppose_a ruin_n and_o destruction_n caganus_n return_v again_o and_o in_o six_o year_n time_n take_v and_o burn_v about_o 40_o good_a town_n of_o dalmatia_n belong_v to_o the_o emperor_n mauritius_n who_o rare_a virtue_n may_v have_v prevent_v these_o mischief_n have_v not_o his_o neglect_n of_o his_o army_n and_o the_o base_a vice_n of_o covetousness_n a_o vice_n unbecoming_a a_o prince_n procure_v he_o the_o hatred_n of_o his_o stout_a soldier_n chap._n viii_o of_o mahomet_n and_o his_o success_n their_o first_o art_n and_o policy_n beginning_n a.d._n 610._o of_o all_o the_o impostor_n since_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n none_o have_v be_v so_o successful_a as_o mahomet_n and_o do_v more_o mischief_n to_o the_o humane_a race_n his_o damnable_a superstition_n have_v be_v assist_v with_o so_o much_o policy_n interest_n and_o power_n among_o rude_a and_o ignorant_a nation_n that_o the_o wonder_n of_o its_o great_a success_n appear_v less_o to_o a_o judicious_a eye_n mahomet_n birth_n be_v but_o mean_a but_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o serve_v a_o rich_a merchant_n after_o his_o decease_n he_o marry_v his_o mistress_n and_o become_v sudden_o very_o wealthy_a his_o mother_n be_v a_o jew_n his_o father_n a_o saracen_n descend_v from_o ishmael_n but_o by_o religion_n it_o be_v report_v by_o some_o that_o he_o be_v a_o heathen_a his_o name_n be_v abdala_n this_o subtle_a impostor_n perceive_v how_o ignorant_a the_o man_n of_o his_o country_n be_v of_o religion_n the_o general_a debauchery_n that_o reign_v among_o christian_n their_o feud_n malice_n and_o continual_a quarrel_n he_o take_v from_o thence_o a_o occasion_n and_o be_v thereby_o encourage_v to_o proclaim_v himself_o a_o prophet_n and_o to_o set_v up_o a_o religion_n of_o his_o own_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o christian_a religion_n he_o can_v not_o well_o relish_v he_o be_v therefore_o oppose_v and_o call_v in_o question_n for_o his_o dangerous_a and_o hellish_a opinion_n at_o his_o first_o appearance_n at_o medina_n and_o force_v to_o fly_v and_o hide_v himself_o in_o a_o cave_n where_o secgius_n a_o westonian_a monk_n assist_v he_o to_o compose_v the_o alcoran_n the_o rule_n of_o the_o mahometan_n faith_n and_o religion_n which_o be_v politic_o and_o subtile_o make_v up_o of_o such_o
and_o to_o prevent_v such_o sudden_a casualty_n which_o can_v be_v all_o fore-seen_a by_o the_o most_o experience_a and_o wise_a commander_n or_o by_o the_o most_o excellent_a soldier_n though_o never_o so_o well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o stratagem_n of_o war_n no_o precaution_n can_v be_v prescribe_v but_o that_o of_o a_o steady_a and_o well_o resolve_v mind_n not_o to_o be_v daunt_v at_o the_o fight_n of_o the_o great_a danger_n but_o in_o such_o a_o case_n as_o it_o become_v a_o commander_n to_o animate_v and_o encourage_v his_o man_n and_o to_o have_v a_o remedy_n at_o hand_n for_o all_o misfortune_n and_o a_o plaster_n for_o every_o wound_n so_o it_o become_v a_o soldier_n to_o stand_v firm_a and_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o valorous_a and_o brave_a courage_n not_o to_o be_v terrify_v with_o bugbear_n and_o though_o the_o danger_n shall_v be_v real_a and_o great_a the_o resolution_n of_o a_o good_a soldier_n must_v master_v all_o such_o sudden_a and_o surprise_v difficulty_n and_o wade_v through_o a_o sea_n of_o blood_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n which_o he_o ought_v to_o value_v at_o a_o equal_a rate_n with_o his_o own_o life_n when_o he_o have_v a_o good_a cause_n chap._n xvi_o how_o a_o great_a army_n of_o dane_n be_v defeat_v by_o the_o mean_n of_o one_o hay_n a_o country_n man_n and_o his_o two_o son_n a.d._n 964._o the_o dane_n have_v invade_v scotland_n overpowr_v a_o scotch_a army_n in_o a_o notable_a battle_n so_o that_o the_o scot_n be_v all_o put_v to_o flight_n at_o that_o time_n one_o hay_n a_o ploughman_n come_v out_o of_o his_o field_n with_o his_o two_o son_n meet_v with_o the_o rout._n they_o be_v all_o his_o countryman_n he_o bid_v they_o stand_v for_o shame_n and_o return_v to_o the_o fight_n and_o so_o prevail_v upon_o they_o by_o his_o word_n and_o example_n that_o they_o turn_v back_o and_o encounter_v with_o the_o dane_n again_o so_o fierce_o that_o they_o be_v all_o put_v to_o flight_n and_o utter_o destroy_v for_o this_o good_a service_n the_o countryman_n be_v reward_v with_o as_o much_o land_n as_o a_o falcon_n can_v fly_v over_o at_o one_o flight_n which_o be_v 6_o mile_n in_o length_n from_o this_o hay_n be_v descend_v the_o noble_a family_n of_o the_o hays_n who_o chief_a be_v the_o earl_n of_o arroll_n chap._n xvii_o how_o tangrolipix_n the_o turkish_a general_n be_v make_v sultan_n of_o persia_n tangrolipix_n with_o a_o party_n of_o turk_n be_v request_v by_o mahomet_n a_o saracen_n sultan_n of_o persia_n to_o assist_v he_o against_o pisasiris_n caliphon_n of_o babylon_n he_o have_v the_o good_a fortune_n to_o bear_v caliph_n army_n of_o arabian_n after_o the_o victory_n he_o desire_v liberty_n to_o return_v home_o but_o mahomet_n deny_v it_o he_o which_o so_o discontent_v the_o turk_n that_o they_o withdraw_v themselves_o into_o the_o desert_n and_o forest_n of_o caravonitis_n from_o whence_o they_o make_v incursion_n upon_o all_o the_o border_n for_o their_o livelihood_n and_o plunder_n this_o oblige_v the_o sultan_n of_o persia_n mahomet_n to_o send_v against_o they_o a_o powerful_a army_n which_o by_o the_o skill_n of_o tangrolipiae_n be_v defeat_v mahomet_n enrage_v at_o this_o loss_n put_v out_o the_o eye_n of_o ten_o of_o the_o chief_a commander_n and_o threaten_v to_o apparel_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o fly_a army_n in_o the_o garb_n of_o woman_n and_o to_o carry_v they_o about_o his_o kingdom_n as_o coward_n these_o threaten_n can_v not_o be_v digest_v by_o those_o military_a soul_n who_o mishap_n not_o want_n of_o courage_n have_v lose_v the_o day_n against_o the_o turk_n they_o therefore_o either_o out_o of_o fear_n or_o revenge_n go_v all_o away_o to_o tangrolipix_n to_o increase_v the_o number_n of_o his_o army_n when_o tangrolipix_n be_v thus_o strengthen_v by_o this_o unexpected_a recruit_v he_o keep_v not_o himself_o any_o long_o in_o the_o desert_n and_o mountain_n but_o march_v with_o a_o complete_a army_n to_o meet_v with_o mahomet_n in_o the_o field_n of_o ispahan_n where_o after_o a_o bloody_a fight_n mahomet_n fall_v from_o his_o horse_n and_o break_v his_o neck_n at_o his_o death_n both_o army_n sound_v a_o retreat_n and_o their_o chieftain_n come_v to_o a_o parley_n where_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o tangrolipix_n shall_v be_v salute_v sultan_n of_o persia_n this_o be_v the_o first_o kingdom_n of_o the_o turk_n in_o asia_n mention_v in_o history_n after_o the_o leave_v of_o their_o own_o country_n tangrolipix_n conquer_a babylon_n and_o war_v against_o the_o arabian_n and_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n with_o various_a success_n and_o at_o last_o he_o conquer_v many_o rich_a province_n of_o the_o empire_n partly_o through_o the_o covetousness_n of_o constantine_n ducas_n than_o emperor_n who_o tax_v all_o the_o borderer_n and_o suffer_v they_o to_o withdraw_v their_o garrison_n from_o the_o strong_a place_n of_o the_o country_n whereas_o before_o they_o be_v free_a for_o the_o service_n they_o render_v to_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o partly_o for_o want_v of_o encourage_v and_o entertain_v military_a man_n by_o these_o example_n a_o prince_n may_v learn_v that_o it_o be_v no_o point_n of_o policy_n to_o provoke_v man_n of_o courage_n by_o too_o great_a severity_n nor_o to_o suffer_v his_o army_n and_o captain_n to_o want_v that_o due_a regard_n which_o they_o expect_v and_o deserve_v when_o his_o dominion_n be_v surround_v and_o endanger_v by_o powerful_a and_o watchful_a enemy_n by_o the_o contempt_n and_o neglect_n of_o arm_n the_o greek_n have_v lose_v their_o honour_n and_o empire_n and_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v to_o the_o turk_n tyranny_n and_o oppression_n and_o be_v now_o become_v the_o base_a of_o man_n in_o war._n chap._n xviii_o how_o the_o first_o christian_n that_o adventure_v over_o into_o asia_n against_o the_o turk_n be_v decoy_v and_o cut_v off_o by_o their_o ambush_n the_o zeal_n of_o our_o forefather_n stir_v they_o up_o to_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n 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a_o wedge_n which_o do_v he_o great_a service_n and_o can_v not_o be_v break_v by_o the_o turk_n violent_a assault_n so_o that_o after_o near_o five_o hour_n continual_a fight_n during_o which_o time_n the_o field_n be_v cover_v with_o a_o incredible_a number_n of_o dead_a body_n the_o turk_n flee_v and_o the_o hungarian_n kill_v above_o one_o half_a of_o the_o infidel_n recover_v 190_o ensign_n and_o all_o the_o bag_n and_o baggage_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o next_o spring_n it_o be_v resolve_v by_o the_o state_n of_o hurgary_n that_o a_o war_n against_o the_o turk_n shall_v be_v prosecute_v with_o more_o care_n and_o preparation_n a_o army_n be_v raise_v where_o the_o king_n vladislaus_n adventure_v in_o person_n to_o march_v over_o the_o river_n tibiscus_n against_o a_o vast_a army_n of_o the_o turk_n and_o huniades_n with_o a_o party_n of_o horse_n be_v send_v to_o beat_v up_o their_o quarter_n in_o the_o night_n he_o come_v so_o sudden_o upon_o they_o that_o he_o slay_v 30000_o turk_n and_o take_v 4000_o prisoner_n with_o a_o great_a booty_n after_o which_o he_o recover_v most_o of_o bulgaria_n so_o that_o the_o turk_n for_o their_o safety_n be_v force_v to_o stop_v up_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o great_a mountain_n hemus_n through_o which_o the_o christian_a army_n be_v to_o pass_v into_o thracia_n and_o then_o be_v winter_n they_o pour_v water_n in_o all_o the_o road_n that_o neither_o man_n nor_o beast_n may_v be_v able_a to_o stand_v or_o go_v for_o the_o ice_n into_o which_o the_o water_n that_o fall_v be_v immediate_o freeze_v nevertheless_o the_o christian_a army_n march_v so_o far_o till_o the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o way_n and_o the_o want_n of_o all_o necessary_n enforce_v they_o to_o return_v back_o at_o who_o heel_n carambeg_n the_o turkish_a general_n follow_v close_o to_o take_v they_o at_o some_o advantage_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o mountain_n cynobiza_n he_o send_v a_o strong_a party_n of_o horse_n to_o hinder_v the_o march_n of_o the_o hungarian_a army_n till_o he_o can_v reach_v they_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o troop_n huniades_n and_o the_o despot_n of_o servia_n encourage_v their_o man_n and_o send_v some_o loose_a company_n of_o pikeman_n to_o stand_v among_o the_o bush_n and_o thicket_n to_o assault_v the_o turk_n horseman_n in_o their_o passage_n after_o a_o very_a bloody_a fight_n and_o the_o slaughter_n of_o many_o thousand_o turk_n the_o victory_n incline_v to_o the_o hungarian_n carambeg_n in_o his_o flight_n fall_v into_o a_o bog_n be_v deceive_v by_o the_o deep_a snow_n and_o be_v take_v by_o a_o common_a soldier_n who_o sell_v he_o to_o huniades_n for_o four_o hundred_o ducat_n out_o of_o this_o fight_n flee_v george_n castraot_n name_v scanderbag_n who_o be_v afterward_o one_o of_o the_o most_o valiant_a champion_n of_o the_o christian_n against_o the_o turk_n amurath_n trouble_v with_o so_o many_o loss_n be_v resolve_v to_o conclude_v a_o truce_n for_o ten_o year_n with_o vladislaus_n 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departure_n scanderbag_n follow_v and_o cut_v off_o many_o of_o his_o army_n assault_v he_o sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n sometime_o in_o the_o van_n as_o place_n and_o occasion_n will_v suffes_fw-la he_o the_o next_o spring_n amurath_n return_v intr_n epirus_n with_o a_o of_o army_n 160000_o man_n sead_v beo_fw-la before_o sebali_n as_o a_o wise_a captain_n with_o 40000_o horse_n to_o beleagure_n the_o city_n of_o croia_n after_o a_o furious_a battery_n it_o be_v assault_v by_o the_o turk_n but_o vranacontes_n the_o governor_n so_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n and_o citizen_n that_o they_o stout_o defend_v it_o whilst_o they_o be_v then_o busy_a in_o the_o assault_n scanderbag_n with_o 5000._o break_v into_o their_o camp_n kill_v 500_o man_n and_o be_v spoil_v of_o their_o tent_n this_o give_v a_o alarm_n to_o the_o whole_a army_n so_o that_o the_o bassa_n seremet_n and_o prince_n mahomet_n with_o his_o guard_n haste_v to_o rescue_v their_o camp_n and_o to_o deliver_v it_o from_o such_o 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be_v too_o much_o a_o christian_n to_o continue_v long_o in_o peace_n governor_n over_o such_o a_o tumultuous_a people_n this_o nation_n have_v be_v happy_a many_o year_n in_o excellent_a wise_a and_o valiant_a prince_n who_o have_v protect_v we_o and_o our_o estate_n from_o foreign_a and_o intestine_a enemy_n our_o late_a king_n charles_n the_o ii_o of_o ever_o bless_a memory_n be_v draw_v into_o the_o field_n betimes_o to_o contend_v with_o cruelty_n rebellion_n and_o tyranny_n when_o to_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o patrimony_n be_v add_v the_o loss_n of_o so_o good_a a_o father_n and_o the_o banishment_n of_o his_o friend_n his_o excellent_a courage_n be_v not_o deject_v but_o under_o so_o many_o aggravation_n of_o sorrow_n under_o so_o many_o press_v and_o grievous_a affliction_n as_o be_v send_v to_o welcome_v he_o into_o the_o world_n he_o endeavour_v to_o recover_v by_o his_o valour_n and_o conduct_n his_o kingdom_n and_o crown_n in_o scotland_n when_o he_o be_v to_o struggle_v with_o a_o seditious_a and_o troublesome_a generation_n and_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o a_o victorious_a army_n of_o enemy_n his_o wisdom_n preserve_v his_o divide_a party_n from_o that_o ruin_n into_o which_o they_o be_v fall_v by_o their_o needless_a faction_n and_o at_o the_o unhappy_a battle_n of_o worcester_n king_n charles_n show_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o wise_a and_o diligent_a commander_n and_o a_o undaunted_a soldier_n by_o the_o confession_n of_o his_o great_a enemy_n but_o that_o which_o this_o brave_a prince_n attempt_v to_o obtain_v by_o his_o just_a arm_n providence_n procure_v to_o he_o by_o a_o miracle_n i_o mean_v the_o restauration_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n to_o their_o dignity_n and_o estate_n without_o any_o effusion_n of_o blood_n when_o there_o be_v so_o many_o enemy_n both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o to_o oppose_v they_o in_o this_o short_a summary_n of_o the_o hero_n of_o the_o royal_a family_n i_o can_v but_o mention_v our_o present_a king_n james_n the_o ii_o who_o great_a courage_n undaunted_a spirit_n and_o noble_a mind_n have_v be_v sufficient_o try_v both_o at_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n against_o foreign_a enemy_n in_o the_o field_n and_o furious_a and_o unreasonable_a combitation_n of_o factious_a spirit_n within_o the_o kingdom_n victory_n and_o success_n have_v always_o attend_v upon_o he_o and_o may_v this_o most_o excellent_a prince_n long_o continue_v over_o we_o in_o all_o prosperity_n and_o happiness_n and_o may_v his_o enemy_n lick_v the_o dust_n chap._n xliv_o of_o the_o conquest_n of_o france_n by_o king_n henry_n the_o v._o and_o several_a other_o remarkable_a passage_n in_o that_o famous_a war._n king_n henry_n the_o v._o for_o the_o recover_n of_o his_o right_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o france_n which_o be_v deny_v to_o he_o upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o the_o salic_a law_n send_v over_o the_o duke_n of_o exeter_n his_o uncle_n with_o several_a noble_a man_n and_o 500_o horse_n to_o charles_n the_o vi_o of_o france_n to_o demand_v the_o crown_n and_o with_o it_o the_o princess_n catherine_n the_o french_a king_n daughter_n the_o dolphin_n in_o contempt_n of_o king_n henry_n youthful_a day_n send_v he_o in_o scorn_n a_o tunn_n of_o tennis_n ball_n to_o play_v with_o the_o king_n be_v so_o sensible_a of_o this_o scornful_a present_n that_o he_o swear_v that_o he_o will_v toss_v so_o many_o iron_n ball_n in_o france_n that_o the_o strong_a racket_n in_o that_o kingdom_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o return_v they_o back_o it_o be_v no_o wisdom_n to_o provoke_v the_o weak_a enemy_n nor_o safe_a to_o contemn_v the_o mean_a power_n for_o that_o which_o be_v want_v in_o ability_n may_v be_v make_v good_a by_o diligence_n and_o policy_n king_n henry_n for_o the_o obtain_n of_o his_o purpose_n transport_v over_o a_o army_n into_o france_n harflew_v be_v besiege_v and_o within_o six_o week_n take_v the_o soldier_n have_v liberty_n to_o plunder_v it_o a_o sudden_a distemper_n happen_v in_o the_o english_a army_n which_o destroy_v many_o of_o the_o stout_a soldier_n who_o be_v as_o much_o subject_n to_o death_n in_o their_o tent_n as_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o enemy_n sword_n and_o the_o shower_n of_o shot_n the_o king_n leave_v a_o garrison_n in_o harflew_v and_o resolve_v by_o land_n to_o march_v to_o chalice_n with_o two_o thousand_o horse_n and_o thirteen_o thousand_o archer_n the_o dolphin_n with_o above_o thirty_o thousand_o at_o rohan_n resolve_v in_o council_n to_o sight_n the_o english_a at_o agincourt_n the_o constable_n of_o france_n come_v to_o the_o dolphin_n with_o ten_o thousand_o horse_n and_o some_o foot_n the_o french_a as_o their_o manner_n be_v boast_v of_o the_o victory_n before_o they_o have_v get_v it_o but_o they_o presume_v so_o much_o upon_o their_o number_n that_o they_o think_v to_o swallow_v up_o the_o english_a king_n henry_n have_v wise_o provide_v all_o thing_n for_o a_o fight_n he_o have_v get_v a_o number_n of_o stake_n strengthen_v with_o sharp_a iron_n at_o each_o end_n with_o they_o he_o fence_n in_o his_o foot_n that_o they_o may_v find_v in_o case_n of_o necessity_n some_o defence_n against_o the_o multitude_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n the_o french_a army_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o battalion_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o 16000_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o constable_n the_o second_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n and_o barr_n the_o three_o be_v command_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o mark_n and_o damp._n the_o english_a vanguard_n be_v bring_v up_o by_o the_o duke_n of_o york_n the_o main_a battle_n in_o which_o be_v the_o strong_a billman_n by_o the_o king_n assist_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n the_o earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o suffolk_n the_o rear_n be_v marshal_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o exeter_n the_o king_n uncle_n a_o ambush_n of_o english_a archer_n be_v place_v within_o a_o new_a hedge_n to_o receive_v and_o surprise_v the_o french_a at_o their_o first_o approach_n they_o do_v such_o good_a service_n with_o their_o shower_n of_o arrow_n which_o fall_v upon_o the_o van_n of_o the_o french_a army_n consist_v for_o the_o most_o part_n of_o horse_n that_o they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o help_v to_o trample_v upon_o and_o disorder_v their_o foot_n in_o that_o hurly_n burly_n the_o english_a billman_n fall_v upon_o they_o with_o such_o fury_n that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v but_o at_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o french_a main_a battle_n the_o english_a retreat_v in_o order_n within_o their_o stake_n and_o where_o then_o follow_v by_o the_o french_a horse_n with_o more_o haste_n than_o discretion_n for_o they_o find_v themselves_o so_o entangle_v that_o many_o of_o the_o most_o furious_a lose_v their_o life_n here_o the_o king_n fight_v hand_n to_o hand_n with_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n and_o beat_v he_o down_o and_o will_v have_v spare_v his_o life_n have_v not_o his_o guard_n kill_v he_o before_o he_o be_v aware_a when_o the_o two_o first_o battalion_n be_v overthrow_v the_o three_o have_v no_o stomach_n to_o go_v on_o to_o the_o charge_n and_o though_o they_o be_v the_o great_a number_n they_o flee_v and_o crave_v quarter_n which_o be_v grant_v but_o when_o a_o dreadful_a noise_n be_v hear_v from_o the_o english_a camp_n occasion_v by_o 600_o horse_n that_o fall_v in_o to_o plunder_v the_o english_a behind_o their_o back_n the_o king_n imagine_v that_o another_o army_n be_v come_v on_o to_o assault_v he_o and_o that_o so_o many_o thousand_o prisoner_n may_v rise_v up_o and_o endanger_v his_o army_n in_o the_o rear_n command_v they_o all_o to_o be_v flain_v for_o which_o he_o ever_o after_o be_v hearty_o sorry_a in_o this_o battle_n sell_v the_o constable_n and_o admiral_n of_o france_n the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n brabant_n and_o barre_n many_o earl_n 25_o baron_n 8000_o knight_n esquire_n and_o gentleman_n and_o many_o
be_v flee_v and_o have_v leave_v behind_o they_o their_o ordinance_n bag_n and_o baggage_n they_o take_v the_o plunder_v of_o the_o field_n this_o great_a victory_n obtain_v at_o podelvitza_n near_o lipsick_a cause_v many_o town_n of_o franconia_n to_o yield_v to_o the_o conqueror_n another_o battle_n be_v seek_v at_o rottenburg_n but_o the_o imperialist_n be_v worsted_n then_o do_v the_o king_n take_v all_o the_o town_n between_o the_o baltic_a sea_n and_o mentz_n in_o one_o year_n the_o distress_a prince_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhine_n embrace_v this_o favourable_a opportunity_n to_o recover_v his_o forfeit_a estate_n and_o beg_v the_o assistance_n of_o gustavus_n who_o employ_v all_o his_o force_n to_o relieve_v he_o and_o by_o this_o mean_v he_o get_v possession_n again_o of_o his_o country_n which_o can_v never_o be_v obtain_v by_o all_o the_o treaty_n league_n and_o correspondency_n of_o his_o friend_n in_o europe_n francfort_n ausburg_n monachium_n and_o many_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o germany_n be_v surrender_v to_o the_o king_n who_o meet_v with_o no_o resistance_n till_o wallenstein_n duke_n of_o fridland_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n with_o a_o great_a army_n encamp_v near_o the_o swede_n about_o noremburg_n the_o king_n army_n be_v 50000_o strong_a the_o imperialist_n more_fw-mi but_o the_o swede_n want_v provision_n which_o they_o take_v by_o intercept_n such_o convoy_n as_o be_v go_v to_o the_o emperor_n army_n and_o by_o surprise_v friestad_fw-es a_o magazine_n the_o king_n send_v tupatelius_n a_o swedish_n colonel_n with_o a_o party_n of_o dragoon_n in_o the_o night_n they_o clap_v a_o petard_n to_o the_o gate_n and_o enter_v the_o town_n take_v the_o corn_n and_o the_o cattle_n that_o be_v there_o and_o because_o the_o enemy_n army_n lie_v not_o far_o off_o the_o king_n send_v a_o strong_a party_n to_o relieve_v his_o man_n place_v a_o ambush_n for_o the_o imperialist_n who_o fail_v not_o to_o fall_v into_o it_o to_o their_o great_a loss_n both_o army_n thunder_v one_o against_o another_o many_o day_n with_o frequent_a skirmish_n but_o the_o want_n of_o provision_n force_v they_o to_o part_v after_o a_o hot_a encounter_n the_o imperialist_n march_v towards_o saxony_n to_o be_v revenge_v on_o that_o duke_n with_o the_o dread_a and_o terror_n of_o fire_n and_o sword_n they_o open_v the_o gate_n of_o many_o strong_a town_n till_o the_o king_n haste_v to_o the_o assistance_n of_o that_o miserable_a country_n at_o the_o fatal_a town_n of_o lutzen_n the_o 6_o of_o november_n 1632._o he_o meet_v with_o the_o imperial_a army_n and_o resolve_v to_o fight_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o sun_n be_v up_o he_o implore_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o almighty_a and_o set_v his_o army_n in_o order_n he_o himself_o lead_v the_o right_a wing_n the_o duke_n bernard_n of_o saxon_n weymar_n have_v the_o left_a the_o king_n be_v desire_v to_o put_v on_o his_o armour_n but_o he_o refuse_v to_o encumber_v himself_o with_o so_o great_a a_o weight_n in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n a_o certain_a person_n belong_v to_o the_o regiment_n of_o piccollomini_n see_v he_o at_o a_o distance_n he_o ride_v furious_o up_o to_o he_o and_o as_o he_o be_v turn_v about_o his_o horse_n he_o shoot_v he_o with_o a_o brace_n of_o bullet_n in_o the_o back_n to_o the_o great_a grief_n of_o all_o his_o army_n but_o not_o to_o their_o discouragement_n for_o when_o they_o hear_v of_o his_o death_n they_o fall_v so_o resolute_o on_o that_o they_o beat_v off_o the_o imperialist_n and_o recover_v the_o royal_a body_n in_o the_o left_a wing_n duke_n bernard_n have_v put_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o retreat_n but_o at_o that_o instant_a papenheim_n a_o imperial_a general_n come_v into_o the_o field_n rally_v the_o disorder_a troop_n and_o with_o his_o own_o force_n endeavour_v to_o snatch_v the_o victory_n from_o the_o swede_n but_o he_o sound_v they_o ready_a to_o receive_v he_o the_o day_n be_v too_o short_a for_o that_o fight_n it_o continue_v some_o part_n of_o the_o night_n but_o papenheim_n end_v there_o his_o day_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o honour_n leave_v the_o swede_n to_o rejoice_v for_o a_o dear_a buy_v victory_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o a_o excellent_a king_n who_o die_v in_o the_o 38th_o year_n of_o his_o age._n when_o he_o see_v how_o fond_a and_o confident_a his_o people_n be_v in_o he_o he_o desire_v they_o not_o to_o trust_v in_o he_o who_o breath_n be_v in_o his_o nostril_n but_o in_o the_o lord_n jesus_n who_o have_v promise_v to_o be_v with_o his_o church_n till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o world_n though_o the_o swede_n here_o lose_v their_o king_n they_o prosecute_v the_o war_n under_o the_o command_n of_o duke_n bernard_n kniphus_fw-la and_o horn_n be_v assist_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n brandenburg_n the_o landgrave_n of_o hesse_n the_o duke_n of_o lunenburg_n chap._n xlvi_o how_o prince_n maurice_n get_v into_o his_o power_n the_o town_n of_o grolle_n in_o gelderland_n grolle_n be_v a_o well_o fortify_v town_n possess_v by_o the_o spaniard_n prince_n maurice_n have_v lay_v siege_n to_o it_o but_o be_v force_v to_o depart_v without_o his_o purpose_n he_o study_v therefore_o how_o to_o obtain_v by_o subtlety_n what_o he_o can_v not_o get_v by_o force_n sometime_o after_o he_o call_v together_o his_o troop_n and_o declare_v that_o his_o design_n be_v to_o sit_v before_o gelder_n a_o town_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o grolle_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o spaniard_n understand_v it_o they_o furnish_v gelder_n with_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n and_o ammunition_n for_o its_o defence_n and_o take_v out_o of_o other_o town_n soldier_n and_o all_o necessary_n to_o supply_v that_o but_o chief_o out_o of_o the_o town_n of_o grolle_n the_o prince_n have_v notice_n how_o naked_a they_o have_v leave_v it_o sudden_o surround_v it_o the_o second_o time_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o want_n of_o the_o ammunition_n and_o provision_n send_v to_o furnish_v gelder_n he_o quick_o become_v master_n of_o it_o such_o pretence_n be_v very_o useful_a to_o deceive_v a_o enemy_n and_o to_o surprise_v he_o unaware_o and_o unfurnished_a for_o a_o defence_n this_o policy_n be_v often_o practise_v by_o the_o renown_a duke_n of_o parma_n in_o the_o take_n of_o several_a town_n in_o the_o netherlands_o if_o therefore_o a_o commander_n be_v free_a to_o discover_v his_o design_n upon_o any_o place_n the_o enemy_n may_v understand_v thereby_o that_o this_o be_v only_o to_o deceive_v he_o and_o that_o the_o real_a intent_n be_v keep_v secret_a for_o wise_a general_n will_v not_o suffer_v their_o inferior_a soldier_n and_o sometime_o their_o great_a officer_n to_o know_v their_o purpose_n chap._n xlvii_o how_o scanderbag_n with_o a_o handful_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n overcome_v the_o turk_n numerous_a force_n of_o cavalry_n and_o infantry_n scanderbeg_n that_o renown_a general_n and_o champion_n of_o the_o christian_a faith_n in_o a_o certain_a battle_n in_o which_o he_o be_v force_v to_o engage_v and_o fight_v with_o the_o turkish_a army_n which_o exceed_v he_o much_o in_o number_n of_o man_n make_v use_v of_o this_o policy_n he_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o such_o strait_n and_o place_n as_o that_o he_o can_v not_o easy_o be_v surround_v and_o to_o strengthen_v his_o horse_n against_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o turkish_a he_o line_v they_o with_o some_o of_o his_o best_a forth_o command_v they_o at_o the_o first_o onset_n to_o charge_n in_o the_o distance_n between_o the_o horse_n which_o be_v perform_v with_o that_o gallantry_n and_o courage_n that_o the_o turkish_a horse_n have_v both_o foot_n and_o horse_n to_o encounter_v with_o at_o once_o give_v back_o and_o be_v force_v to_o retire_v in_o disorder_n upon_o their_o foot_n so_o that_o without_o any_o great_a loss_n he_o rout_v and_o defeared_a that_o vast_a army_n with_o a_o small_a number_n of_o men._n chap._n xlviii_o how_o the_o duke_n d'alve_fw-mi be_v wont_a to_o strengthen_v his_o army_n in_o a_o camp_n against_o the_o sudden_a attempt_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n horse_n the_o duke_n d'alve_n be_v a_o subtle_a commander_n of_o his_o day_n and_o so_o renown_v a_o general_n that_o his_o prince_n philip_n the_o second_o pitch_a upon_o he_o to_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o conquer_v the_o kingdom_n of_o portugal_n though_o he_o be_v then_o in_o disgrace_n and_o banish_v the_o spanish_a court._n when_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n enter_v brabant_n with_o a_o brave_a army_n well_o provide_v with_o german_a horse_n this_o duke_n d'alve_v have_v in_o his_o army_n almost_o all_o foot_n therefore_o to_o prevent_v any_o surprise_n d'alve_n use_v to_o fortify_v himself_o round_o with_o wagon_n and_o cart_n chain_v together_o and_o beyond_o they_o to_o cast_v up_o a_o trench_n round_o his_o army_n he_o cause_v also_o his_o cart_n to_o be_v line_v with_o musketeer_n
so_o that_o the_o prince_n be_v never_o able_a to_o force_v he_o to_o a_o fight_n and_o when_o all_o his_o forage_n and_o provision_n be_v spend_v he_o be_v drive_v by_o that_o mean_n to_o the_o necessity_n of_o depart_v out_o of_o the_o country_n into_o germany_n again_o chap._n xlix_o of_o certain_a time_n convenient_a to_o fight_v a_o enemy_n and_o other_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v wisdom_n to_o refuse_v a_o battle_n if_o a_o army_n reputation_n depend_v whole_o upon_o a_o speedy_a success_n as_o in_o many_o case_n if_o the_o enemy_n be_v gather_v together_o great_a force_n and_o expect_v a_o speedy_a supply_n of_o horse_n or_o foot_n if_o the_o country_n be_v so_o at_o his_o devotion_n that_o the_o long_o he_o delay_v the_o strong_a he_o grow_v or_o if_o victual_n or_o money_n begin_v to_o fail_v than_o a_o general_n shall_v seek_v all_o fit_a opportunity_n for_o a_o speedy_a encounter_n while_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o too_o strong_a and_o his_o own_o party_n in_o a_o condition_n and_o resolution_n to_o give_v battle_n but_o if_o a_o general_n have_v more_o force_n come_v into_o he_o or_o if_o he_o know_v that_o by_o delay_v he_o may_v shorten_v or_o cut_v off_o his_o enemy_n provision_n or_o if_o sickness_n and_o disease_n do_v daily_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o his_o enemy_n then_o by_o delay_v he_o may_v do_v as_o much_o service_n as_o by_o venture_v a_o battle_n at_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n the_o freuch_n army_n will_v never_o offer_v to_o fight_v with_o the_o english_a till_o they_o perceive_v they_o in_o a_o confusion_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o order_n to_o embark_v but_o they_o always_o follow_v they_o close_o at_o the_o heel_n till_o this_o opportunity_n be_v offer_v to_o they_o and_o then_o with_o all_o their_o force_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n they_o fall_v furious_o upon_o the_o english_a and_o cut_v off_o a_o great_a many_o likewise_o in_o the_o war_n between_o don_n john_n of_o austria_n and_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o netherlands_o he_o endeavour_v to_o fight_v the_o army_n command_v by_o count_n bossute_n because_o he_o understand_v that_o duke_n cassimire_n with_o 5000_o horse_n and_o 6000_o foot_n with_o other_o force_n be_v come_v into_o the_o earl_n camp_n within_o a_o few_o day_n but_o the_o earl_n will_v by_o no_o mean_n suffer_v his_o man_n to_o venture_v out_o of_o their_o trench_n chap._n l._n how_o lewis_n king_n of_o france_n stop_v the_o assistance_n which_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o britain_n be_v go_v to_o send_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o normandy_n the_o french_a king_n understanding_n that_o these_o three_o duke_n have_v make_v a_o league_n offensive_a and_o defensive_a against_o he_o their_o common_a enemy_n and_o have_v a_o intent_n to_o assault_n and_o fight_v they_o single_a when_o he_o lead_v his_o army_n into_o normandy_n he_o feign_v letter_n from_o that_o duke_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n signify_v that_o he_o be_v loath_a to_o run_v the_o hazard_n of_o a_o war_n that_o he_o have_v accept_v of_o the_o king_n offer_n and_o conclude_v a_o agreement_n with_o he_o for_o 60000_o frank_n and_o therefore_o he_o desire_v he_o to_o forbear_v send_v of_o his_o force_n to_o his_o assistance_n as_o have_v be_v former_o promise_v these_o letter_n the_o king_n cause_v to_o be_v send_v by_o a_o herald_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o britain_n who_o though_o they_o suspect_v they_o to_o be_v false_a yet_o because_o they_o receive_v a_o confirmation_n from_o the_o content_n from_o other_o hand_n but_o by_o the_o procurement_n of_o the_o king_n they_o cause_v their_o army_n to_o be_v speedy_o disband_v by_o this_o mean_v the_o king_n obtain_v by_o policy_n what_o otherwise_o he_o can_v not_o well_o get_v by_o force_n without_o the_o hazard_n of_o his_o army_n for_o he_o have_v thus_o weaken_v his_o enemy_n make_v with_o they_o what_o agreement_n he_o think_v convenient_a and_o they_o be_v force_v to_o yield_v to_o his_o term_n of_o peace_n chap._n li._n a_o policy_n use_v by_o a_o french_a general_n to_o destroy_v the_o neapolitan_a army_n strong_o encamp_v when_o there_o be_v a_o dispute_n between_o ferand_n king_n of_o naples_n and_o charles_n king_n of_o france_n about_o the_o crown_n of_o that_o kingdom_n ferand_n understand_v that_o the_o french_a army_n be_v too_o potent_a for_o he_o to_o encounter_v with_o only_o with_o his_o fainthearted_a neapolitan_n resolve_v to_o entrench_v himself_o between_o certain_a hill_n the_o french_a general_n find_v he_o in_o that_o advantageous_a post_n that_o he_o do_v not_o dare_v to_o meddle_v with_o he_o divide_v his_o army_n secret_o in_o the_o night_n and_o send_v a_o strong_a party_n round_o about_o to_o assault_v king_n ferand_n behind_o whilst_o he_o in_o the_o interim_n with_o small_a party_n skirmish_v and_o keep_v they_o in_o continual_a play_n at_o last_o when_o the_o party_n of_o man_n which_o be_v to_o surround_v the_o neapolitan_a army_n and_o to_o fall_v upon_o their_o back_n be_v come_v to_o the_o appoint_a place_n the_o french_a assault_v the_o enemy_n behind_o and_o before_o enter_v their_o trench_n and_o rout_v they_o xerxes_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n recover_v the_o strait_n of_o thermopyle_n in_o greece_n defend_v by_o a_o handful_n of_o lacedaemonian_n under_o leonidas_n their_o captain_n chap._n lii_o how_o prince_n maurice_n take_v the_o town_n of_o gertrudenberg_n when_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n besiege_v gertrudenberg_n by_o sea_n and_o land_n he_o understand_v by_o a_o prisoner_n take_v from_o the_o enemy_n that_o once_o every_o day_n the_o governor_n with_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n be_v wont_a to_o go_v up_o private_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o the_o hollander_n trench_n and_o of_o the_o country_n round_o about_o that_o they_o may_v see_v for_o a_o opportunity_n to_o sally_v out_o upon_o they_o immediate_o he_o take_v advantage_n of_o this_o information_n and_o secret_o order_v a_o gentleman_n of_o his_o army_n to_o run_v away_o to_o the_o town_n under_o pretence_n that_o he_o have_v murder_v a_o man_n and_o therefore_o flee_v to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o gentleman_n according_a to_o appointment_n discover_v to_o the_o prince_n army_n by_o play_v upon_o a_o pipe_n when_o the_o governor_n be_v in_o the_o steeple_n the_o great_a gun_n be_v then_o ready_a and_o wait_v for_o the_o purpose_n be_v all_o immediate_o discharge_v at_o one_o time_n and_o batter_v down_o the_o steeple_n kill_v the_o governor_n with_o the_o magistrate_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o prince_n suspect_v he_o cause_v a_o sudden_a assault_n to_o be_v make_v and_o carry_v the_o town_n for_o want_v of_o a_o governor_n and_o order_n to_o defend_v it_o for_o such_o a_o consternation_n that_o must_v needs_o happen_v at_o the_o unexpected_a destruction_n of_o a_o chieftain_n either_o in_o a_o army_n or_o in_o a_o garrison_n the_o soldier_n heart_n must_v needs_o be_v break_v and_o before_o order_n can_v be_v give_v to_o supply_v his_o place_n by_o another_o the_o enemy_n have_v a_o great_a advantage_n upon_o the_o party_n that_o he_o command_v chap._n liii_o how_o the_o state_n of_o holland_n take_v the_o town_n of_o breda_n by_o surprise_n they_o hire_v a_o certain_a master_n of_o a_o boat_n who_o be_v wont_a to_o carry_v into_o the_o city_n provision_n of_o bread_n and_o beer_n and_o other_o necessary_n for_o maintenance_n of_o the_o garrison_n in_o this_o boat_n they_o store_v a_o company_n of_o stout_a and_o valiant_a gentleman_n and_o cover_v they_o over_o with_o turf_n and_o other_o thing_n the_o boatsman_n according_a to_o his_o custom_n bring_v strong_a liquor_n upon_o the_o guard_n make_v they_o all_o drink_v plentiful_o till_o they_o be_v drink_v whilst_o they_o be_v in_o that_o condition_n he_o pass_v the_o guard_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o town_n with_o his_o company_n of_o man_n who_o immediate_o give_v notice_n to_o their_o friend_n without_o by_o cast_v up_o a_o ball_n of_o wildfire_n to_o fall_v on_o a_o gate_n be_v break_v open_a for_o they_o then_o do_v they_o disperse_v themselves_o about_o the_o town_n kill_v all_o that_o resist_v and_o master_v the_o guard_n such_o surprise_v have_v be_v make_v with_o cart_n full_a of_o corn_n hay_o etc._n etc._n wherein_o have_v be_v hide_v soldier_n and_o sometime_o a_o cart_n have_v be_v purposely_o break_v and_o out_o of_o order_n at_o the_o gate_n of_o a_o town_n to_o hinder_v the_o shut_n of_o it_o and_o a_o party_n of_o the_o enemy_n have_v then_o set_v upon_o and_o enter_v the_o town_n chap._n liv._o how_o the_o garrison_n of_o the_o sconce_n at_o zutphen_n be_v surprise_v the_o spaniard_n to_o strengthen_v the_o more_o the_o city_n of_o zutphen_n in_o gelderland_n have_v build_v a_o very_a strong_a sconce_n in_o such_o a_o place_n as_o hinder_v any_o enemy_n from_o make_v their_o approach_n
draw_v up_o his_o army_n among_o the_o vine_n and_o break_a ground_n where_o the_o horse_n can_v not_o well_o ride_v up_o and_o down_o and_o have_v a_o stout_a infantry_n he_o charge_v the_o french_a force_n so_o brave_o that_o they_o retreat_v and_o flee_v in_o such_o like_a case_n other_o have_v fix_a stake_n sharpen_v at_o both_o end_n in_o the_o ground_n other_o have_v dig_v hole_n cover_v over_o with_o turf_n other_o have_v encompass_v in_o their_o foot_n with_o crawfeet_n a_o swedish_n invention_n good_a to_o stop_v the_o cavalry_n for_o there_o be_v always_o a_o sharp_a iron_n that_o stand_v above_o ground_n about_o three_o inch_n which_o way_n soever_o you_o fling_v it_o other_o have_v march_v with_o a_o wall_n of_o pike_n round_o their_o body_n and_o a_o party_n of_o foot_n in_o the_o middle_n to_o line_n and_o secure_v they_o against_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o cavalry_n many_o other_o invention_n there_o be_v to_o be_v use_v to_o defend_v the_o foot_n against_o the_o horse_n so_o that_o many_o time_n a_o small_a party_n of_o foot_n by_o art_n have_v rout_v a_o considerable_a body_n of_o horse_n chap._n lxx_o how_o the_o lord_n poynings_n take_v at_o samerdubois_n in_o france_n a_o castle_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v impregnable_a the_o lord_n poynings_n at_o his_o first_o come_v before_o the_o castle_n summons_v it_o but_o find_v it_o very_o strong_o situate_v upon_o a_o hill_n that_o be_v encompass_v round_o with_o deep_a marish_a ground_n and_o that_o the_o governor_n and_o garrison_n have_v such_o confidence_n in_o its_o inaccessible_a situation_n that_o they_o will_v not_o hearken_v to_o a_o surrender_n he_o cause_v a_o great_a cannon_n to_o be_v make_v of_o wood_n and_o draw_v it_o over_o the_o wet_a ground_n with_o many_o horse_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v of_o metal_n and_o of_o a_o great_a weight_n so_o near_o the_o castle_n that_o it_o must_v needs_o do_v execution_n if_o have_v be_v as_o they_o look_v upon_o it_o to_o be_v then_o again_o the_o lord_n poynings_n when_o his_o battery_n be_v make_v send_v another_o summons_n to_o the_o governor_n with_o this_o threaten_v that_o if_o he_o suffer_v the_o canon_n to_o be_v discharge_v they_o shall_v all_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n but_o if_o he_o will_v yet_o hearken_v to_o a_o composition_n he_o may_v have_v fair_a and_o honourable_a term_n grant_v the_o captain_n be_v deceive_v by_o this_o policy_n yield_v up_o his_o strong_a hold_n upon_o article_n and_o depart_v out_o when_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o lord_n poynings_n to_o have_v force_v he_o chap._n lxxi_o how_o mounseur_fw-fr lawtreck_n in_o the_o neapolitan_a war_n force_v all_o his_o auxiliary_a troop_n which_o be_v of_o other_o nation_n to_o fight_v valiant_o in_o the_o neapolitan_a war_n lawtreck_n be_v general_n of_o the_o french_a army_n unto_o who_o assistance_n come_v several_a other_o people_n of_o italy_n who_o be_v in_o league_n with_o their_o king_n lawtreck_n to_o oblige_v they_o all_o to_o be_v valiant_a separate_v they_o and_o draw_v they_o all_o up_o in_o distinct_a battalion_n in_o the_o fight_n and_o when_o the_o two_o army_n be_v engage_v he_o ride_v about_o to_o those_o who_o he_o see_v most_o backward_o tell_v they_o that_o such_o and_o such_o battalion_n have_v already_o get_v the_o victory_n they_o therefore_o out_o of_o emulation_n be_v force_v to_o fight_v by_o this_o mean_v he_o put_v the_o enemy_n to_o flight_n chap._n lxxii_o how_o a_o scottish_a king_n oblige_v his_o discomfit_v army_n to_o fight_v against_o the_o pict_n the_o annal_n of_o scotland_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o certain_a king_n of_o scot_n who_o have_v be_v often_o beat_v and_o lose_v many_o battle_n against_o the_o pict_n see_v that_o his_o people_n be_v altogether_o discourage_v and_o unwilling_a to_o try_v again_o the_o hazard_n of_o another_o fight_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o by_o any_o persuasion_n oblige_v they_o to_o it_o until_o he_o have_v make_v use_n of_o this_o imposture_n he_o apparel_v certain_a of_o his_o man_n in_o scale_n and_o seal_n skin_n which_o shine_v very_o bright_a in_o the_o dark_a and_o put_v into_o their_o hand_n truncheon_n of_o rot_a ash_n wood_n cause_v they_o in_o that_o garb_n to_o awaken_v his_o chief_a officer_n at_o midnight_n and_o to_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o be_v messenger_n send_v from_o heaven_n to_o advise_v they_o to_o sight_n once_o more_o against_o their_o enemy_n assure_v they_o of_o a_o notable_a victory_n the_o captain_n the_o next_o morning_n come_v to_o their_o king_n and_o relate_v to_o he_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n what_o they_o have_v see_v and_o and_z hear_v and_o that_o it_o be_v their_o opinion_n to_o fight_v courageous_o for_o that_o god_n will_v assist_v they_o see_v he_o have_v send_v they_o such_o a_o comfortable_a message_n the_o scotch_a army_n upon_o this_o confidence_n engage_v with_o the_o pict_n and_o beat_v they_o out_o of_o their_o country_n chap._n lxxiii_o how_o the_o marquis_n of_o spinola_n have_v intelligence_n of_o all_o the_o passage_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n army_n and_o of_o the_o town_n of_o breda_n then_o besiege_v by_o spinola_n spinola_n besiege_v the_o town_n of_o breda_n but_o not_o know_v in_o what_o condition_n the_o garrison_n be_v he_o persuade_v a_o subtle_a country-fellow_n to_o carry_v butter_n and_o cheese_n and_o other_o necessary_a thing_n into_o the_o town_n the_o fellow_n pretend_v that_o he_o have_v narrow_o escape_v the_o guard_n and_o sentinel_n and_o be_v very_o welcome_a to_o the_o soldier_n and_o to_o the_o governor_n in_o hope_n by_o his_o mean_n to_o send_v a_o letter_n to_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n the_o country_n fellow_n at_o first_o show_v himself_o unwilling_a because_o of_o the_o danger_n but_o at_o last_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o reward_n and_o promise_n to_o carry_v a_o letter_n which_o he_o deliver_v to_o spinola_n who_o seal_v it_o up_o and_o give_v it_o to_o the_o same_o country_n fellow_n to_o carry_v to_o the_o prince_n the_o fellow_n inform_v he_o of_o all_o passage_n and_o tell_v he_o how_o he_o have_v escape_v through_o the_o guard_n the_o prince_n judge_v that_o he_o can_v not_o employ_v a_o fit_a man_n to_o carry_v back_o a_o answer_n to_o the_o town_n which_o he_o undertake_v to_o perform_v for_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n but_o when_o he_o have_v the_o prince_n answer_v he_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o marquis_n to_o peruse_v and_o receive_v from_o he_o a_o good_a reward_n when_o prince_n maurice_n be_v dead_a henry_n his_o brother_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o employment_n and_o when_o the_o marquis_n can_v not_o understand_v of_o the_o enemy_n condition_n he_o send_v for_o his_o country_n fellow_n and_o cause_v he_o to_o counterfeit_v a_o sickness_n which_o he_o pretend_v he_o have_v get_v by_o travel_v in_o winter_n and_o frost_n to_o serve_v the_o prince_n of_o orange_n the_o countryman_n wife_n go_v to_o prince_n henry_n and_o complain_v of_o her_o hufband_n sad_a condition_n desire_v he_o to_o pay_v he_o that_o stipend_n which_o his_o brother_n have_v promise_v for_o his_o former_a service_n the_o prince_n be_v well_o please_v to_o find_v the_o man_n that_o can_v carry_v intelligence_n to_o the_o besiege_a town_n and_o will_v she_o to_o fetch_v he_o promise_v to_o pay_v not_o only_o that_o money_n but_o much_o more_o if_o he_o will_v serve_v he_o as_o he_o have_v serve_v his_o brother_n after_o many_o great_a promise_n the_o peasant_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o charge_v with_o a_o letter_n to_o the_o governor_n of_o breda_n but_o instead_o of_o carry_v it_o to_o the_o town_n he_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o marquis_n by_o this_o mean_v he_o understand_v his_o enemy_n purpose_n and_o condition_n and_o know_v how_o to_o prevent_v their_o design_n chap._n lxxiv_o how_o the_o duke_n of_o alencon_n be_v like_a to_o have_v surprise_v mons._n the_o plot_n be_v lay_v in_o this_o manner_n that_o a_o thousand_o horse_n have_v with_o they_o a_o thousand_o musketeer_n behind_o they_o shall_v in_o the_o night_n hide_v themselves_o in_o the_o wood_n near_o to_o the_o city_n to_o be_v ready_a to_o hasten_v to_o the_o gate_n at_o the_o first_o call_v about_o thirty_o young_a soldier_n without_o beard_n be_v to_o be_v apparel_v like_o country_n girl_n with_o their_o weapon_n private_o hide_v about_o they_o to_o these_o some_o old_a soldier_n be_v add_v to_o accompany_v they_o in_o the_o garb_n of_o country_n clown_n carrying_z with_o they_o provision_n for_o the_o market_n for_o that_o day_n be_v choose_v to_o surprise_v the_o city_n they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o cart_n with_o they_o load_v with_o country_n commodity_n which_o some_o walloon_n be_v to_o drive_v the_o better_a to_o procure_v a_o entrance_n without_o
suspicion_n the_o cart_n be_v to_o be_v drive_v to_o the_o second_o gate_n and_o there_o to_o be_v disorder_v by_o let_v fall_n the_o wheel_n whilst_o the_o carter_n be_v to_o be_v busy_a about_o his_o cart_n the_o disguise_a soldier_n be_v to_o take_v the_o first_o and_o second_o gate_n to_o kill_v the_o watch_n and_o to_o give_v a_o sign_n to_o the_o ambush_n in_o the_o wood_n to_o come_v speedy_o to_o their_o assistance_n which_o be_v let_v into_o the_o city_n will_v easy_o take_v and_o keep_v it_o for_o the_o french_a but_o this_o plot_n be_v discover_v and_o by_o that_o mean_v prevent_v chap._n lxxv_o how_o prince_n maurice_n endeavour_v to_o take_v antwerp_n gastle_n by_o surprise_n prince_n maurice_n without_o dispute_n be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o successful_a general_n of_o his_o time_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o newport_n he_o obtain_v a_o great_a victory_n over_o the_o spaniard_n and_o be_v bread_n up_o among_o army_n and_o soldier_n he_o prove_v a_o most_o wise_a and_o subtle_a commander_n antwerp_n castle_n be_v attempt_v by_o he_o in_o this_o manner_n he_o be_v at_o breda_n with_o his_o army_n command_v all_o the_o passage_n of_o his_o camp_n to_o be_v narrow_o watch_v and_o secret_o draw_v some_o company_n of_o foot_n from_o some_o neighbour_a garrison_n put_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o a_o discreet_a colonel_n in_o who_o he_o can_v conside_fw-la the_o soldier_n know_v nothing_o of_o his_o purpose_n only_o the_o officer_n and_o that_o he_o may_v the_o better_o conceal_v his_o march_n from_o the_o country_n he_o order_v his_o man_n to_o take_v off_o their_o orange_a colour_n and_o change_v they_o for_o red_a such_o as_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n soldier_n use_v to_o wear_v and_o his_o wagon_n likewise_o have_v a_o burgundian_n cross_n as_o spinola_n and_o as_o his_o soldier_n pass_v through_o the_o country_n they_o be_v to_o say_v that_o they_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o be_v march_v to_o antwerp_n for_o provision_n by_o this_o disguise_n and_o invention_n a_o party_n of_o a_o 1000_o foot_n and_o 200_o horse_n go_v undiscovered_a in_o the_o dark_a night_n to_o the_o wall_n of_o antwerp_n castle_n where_o they_o get_v as_o far_o as_o the_o bridge_n and_o be_v ready_a to_o blow_v open_a the_o gate_n have_v they_o not_o be_v perceive_v by_o the_o vigilancy_n of_o a_o spanish_a old_a soldier_n name_v andreas_n cea_n who_o give_v the_o alarm_n to_o the_o garrison_n and_o prevent_v their_o entrance_n chap._n lxxvi_o of_o the_o battle_n of_o diep_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o of_o france_n and_o the_o army_n of_o the_o ligne_n command_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n the_o king_n have_v in_o his_o army_n about_o eight_o or_o nine_o thousand_o men._n the_o duke_n have_v twenty_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o eight_o thousand_o horse_n the_o king_n entrench_v himself_o about_o three_o mile_n from_o diep_n at_o a_o village_n call_v arques_n with_o his_o small_a number_n but_o he_o give_v such_o wise_a order_n that_o he_o secure_v both_o his_o camp_n and_o the_o suburb_n of_o the_o city_n from_o the_o invade_a enemy_n who_o on_o the_o 16_o of_o september_n 1589._o give_v a_o furious_a assault_n to_o the_o king_n force_n but_o be_v beat_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n have_v continue_v quiet_a in_o his_o camp_n three_o day_n give_v another_o assault_n but_o to_o as_o little_a purpose_n only_o the_o regiment_n of_o colalt_n and_o tremblecour_n call_v to_o the_o king_n force_n that_o they_o will_v be_v of_o their_o side_n at_o which_o offer_n they_o be_v receive_v within_o the_o trench_n and_o they_o promise_v to_o serve_v the_o king_n faithful_o if_o they_o may_v have_v any_o assurance_n of_o their_o pay_n which_o be_v promise_v by_o the_o king_n but_o whilst_o this_o brave_a prince_n be_v busy_o employ_v in_o look_v to_o every_o quarter_n these_o treacherous_a villain_n turn_v their_o weapon_n against_o they_o who_o have_v take_v they_o in_o let_v in_o more_o of_o the_o duke_n force_n into_o that_o part_n of_o the_o camp_n so_o that_o if_o the_o duke_n in_o that_o consternation_n that_o the_o king_n army_n be_v then_o in_o by_o the_o unexpected_a treachery_n have_v speedy_o fall_v upon_o they_o and_o second_v with_o all_o his_o force_n these_o two_o regiment_n he_o have_v undoubted_o carry_v and_o master_v the_o trench_n but_o whilst_o the_o duke_n delay_v the_o count_n de_fw-fr castillon_n the_o duke_n of_o montpensier_n and_o la_fw-fr nove_n excellent_a commander_n of_o the_o king_n army_n run_v with_o their_o man_n to_o assist_v the_o king_n discourage_v party_n and_o charge_v the_o enemy_n within_o the_o trench_n so_o brisk_o that_o they_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v out_o and_o leave_v that_o great_a advantage_n they_o have_v gain_v by_o a_o stratagem_n after_o this_o good_a success_n the_o king_n with_o his_o small_a party_n give_v so_o many_o alarm_n to_o the_o duke_n camp_n that_o he_o find_v himself_o with_o his_o great_a army_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n small_a number_n and_o reduce_v to_o many_o want_v and_o to_o the_o necessity_n at_o last_o of_o depart_v to_o a_o more_o secure_a and_o commodious_a neighbourhood_n chap._n lxxvii_o of_o the_o famous_a battle_n of_o jury_n between_o henry_n the_o four_o and_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n the_o duke_n design_v to_o relieve_v the_o town_n of_o dreux_n besiege_v by_o the_o king_n army_n which_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o duke_n begin_v to_o draw_v near_o they_o be_v order_v to_o retreat_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v in_o fear_n this_o dissimulation_n so_o encourage_v the_o commander_n of_o the_o duke_n army_n that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v quiet_a till_o they_o have_v force_v he_o against_o his_o judgement_n to_o a_o battle_n both_o army_n be_v draw_v up_o in_o battalion_n in_o a_o even_o plain_a near_o the_o tillage_n of_o jury_n the_o king_n army_n have_v about_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n draw_v up_o in_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n appear_v first_o at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o squadron_n of_o six_o hundred_o horse_n most_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n which_o be_v flank_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n with_o a_o battalion_n of_o two_o regiment_n of_o swisser_n and_o on_o the_o left_a by_o two_o other_o regiment_n of_o the_o same_o country_n these_o battalion_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o regiment_n of_o the_o guard_n and_o three_o other_o regiment_n the_o duke_n of_o montpensier_n march_v next_o on_o the_o left_a with_o a_o squadron_n of_o six_o huudred_a horse_n between_o two_o regiment_n of_o germany_n and_o switzerland_n second_v by_o two_o other_o body_n of_o foot_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o french_a infantry_n the_o marshal_n d'aumount_v close_v up_o the_o left_a wing_n with_o three_o hundred_o horse_n and_o two_o regiment_n of_o french_a infantry_n at_o his_o side_n and_o two_o troop_n before_o he_o of_o light_a horseman_n command_v by_o the_o great_a prior_n and_o by_o giury_n mareschal_n de_fw-fr camp_n these_o be_v assist_v on_o the_o right_n by_o the_o baron_n of_o byron_n who_o have_v the_o charge_n to_o protect_v four_o canon_n and_o some_o field_n piece_n on_o the_o other_o side_n march_v the_o marshal_n of_o byron_n with_o another_o squadron_n of_o horse_n between_o two_o regiment_n of_o french_a foot_n next_o to_o the_o regiment_n of_o guard_n but_o a_o little_a behind_o that_o they_o may_v be_v as_o a_o reserve_n to_o that_o body_n which_o be_v command_v by_o the_o king_n in_o person_n next_o to_o they_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n show_v the_o appearance_n of_o a_o crescent_n be_v a_o squadron_n of_o german_a horse_n slank_v by_o two_o small_a body_n of_o french_a infantry_n lead_v by_o the_o count_n scomberg_n this_o excellent_a order_n of_o the_o king_n army_n together_o with_o the_o judicious_a management_n of_o the_o artillery_n by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o ordinance_n contribute_v much_o to_o the_o victory_n for_o the_o several_a body_n into_o which_o the_o king_n army_n be_v draw_v up_o find_v a_o mean_n to_o enclose_v in_o a_o body_n of_o dutch_a horse_n who_o they_o charge_v so_o furious_o on_o the_o flank_n that_o they_o be_v rout_v and_o force_v to_o fall_v back_o upon_o the_o infantry_n of_o the_o ligne_n the_o king_n himself_o act_v the_o part_n of_o a_o excellent_a commanmander_n and_o a_o stout_a soldier_n for_o when_o he_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o eighteen_o hundred_o lance_n command_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o mayenne_n he_o with_o his_o pistol_z and_o sword_n in_o his_o hand_n be_v engage_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o that_o great_a squadron_n and_o total_o defeat_v it_o with_o a_o small_a party_n that_o follow_v he_o close_o by_o his_o side_n the_o king_n take_v all_o the_o bag_n and_o baggage_n canon_n and_o ammunition_n by_o this_o battle_n henry_n the_o four_o secure_v the_o
they_o have_v a_o steep_a hill_n in_o this_o unfortunate_a battle_n huniades_n put_v to_o flight_n with_o his_o transylvanian_a and_o valachian_n horseman_n both_o wing_n of_o the_o turk_n army_n and_o bring_v the_o main_a body_n where_o amurath_n himself_o be_v in_o very_o great_a danger_n so_o that_o when_o he_o see_v the_o grievous_a slaughter_n and_o flight_n of_o his_o man_n he_o pluck_v out_o of_o his_o bosom_n a_o copy_n of_o the_o league_n make_v by_o king_n vladislaus_n and_o look_v upon_o the_o image_n of_o christ_n crucify_a in_o the_o banner_n of_o the_o voluntary_a christian_n he_o cry_v aloud_o behold_v thou_o crucify_a christ_n this_o be_v the_o league_n thy_o christian_n in_o thy_o name_n have_v make_v with_o i_o which_o they_o have_v without_o cause_n violate_v if_o thou_o be_v a_o god_n as_o they_o say_v thou_o be_v revenge_v the_o wrong_n now_o do_v unto_o thy_o name_n and_o show_v thy_o power_n upon_o thy_o perjurious_a people_n he_o have_v no_o soon_o speak_v those_o word_n but_o the_o turk_n take_v courage_n make_v head_n against_o the_o hungarian_n who_o nevertheless_o break_v in_o upon_o the_o janissary_n where_o a_o french_a knight_n of_o rhodes_n wound_v amurath_n in_o the_o thigh_n and_o vladislaus_n have_v lose_v his_o horse_n be_v there_o slay_v his_o head_n strike_v off_o by_o ferise_n bassa_n and_o present_v to_o amurath_n who_o command_v it_o to_o be_v carry_v upon_o a_o lance_n with_o proclamation_n that_o there_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o christian_a king_n his_o death_n discourage_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o christian_a army_n so_o that_o huniades_n after_o many_o courageous_a endeavour_n to_o rally_v his_o man_n be_v force_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o day_n julian_n the_o cardinal_n with_o two_o three_o of_o the_o army_n be_v slay_v and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o the_o turk_n which_o make_v amurath_n ever_o after_o lament_v his_o dear_a buy_a victory_n of_o varna_n the_o hungarian_n after_o the_o loss_n of_o vladislaus_n choose_v ladislaus_n a_o young_a infant_n the_o son_n of_o albert_n and_o appoint_v huniades_n during_o his_o minority_n to_o be_v governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n huniades_n have_v another_o unfortunate_a fight_n with_o old_a amurath_n at_o cossova_n where_o for_o three_o day_n together_o the_o hungarian_n notable_o maintain_v their_o ground_n against_o the_o turk_n vast_a number_n but_o at_o last_o oppress_v with_o continual_a and_o fresh_a supply_n they_o flee_v leave_v behind_o he_o 17000._o and_o almost_o all_o the_o hungarian_a nobility_n dead_a under_o the_o heap_n of_o the_o slay_a turk_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 40000._o huniades_n after_o much_o difficulty_n and_o danger_n return_v safe_a into_o hungary_n gather_v together_o his_o force_n and_o make_v another_o army_n with_o which_o he_o march_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o despot_n of_o servia_n who_o be_v assault_v by_o fritze-beg_a and_o jose-beg_a two_o of_o amurath_n general_n but_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o espy_v the_o ensign_n of_o huniades_n in_o the_o field_n the_o turk_n flee_v for_o fear_n and_o lose_v many_o who_o be_v kill_v in_o the_o retreat_n and_o their_o general_n fritze-beg_a be_v take_v prisoner_n this_o victory_n be_v get_v only_o by_o the_o dreadful_a name_n of_o huniades_n afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o mahomet_n the_o great_a he_o defend_v belgrade_n against_o the_o turk_n beat_v their_o fleet_n upon_o the_o river_n danubius_n and_o rout_v the_o turk_n emperor_n and_o army_n with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n of_o 40000._o and_o the_o loss_n of_o all_o his_o great_a ordinance_n this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1456._o in_o which_o huniades_n die_v in_o peace_n chap._n xxvii_o of_o the_o famous_a and_o never_o to_o be_v forget_v scanderbag_n and_o his_o adventure_n next_o to_o huniades_n none_o deserve_v more_o to_o be_v mention_v than_o the_o noble_a scanderbag_n prince_n of_o egyrus_n in_o his_o youthful_a day_n he_o live_v in_o the_o turk_n court_n of_o amurath_n then_o king_n and_o for_o his_o dexterity_n in_o arm_n be_v high_o favour_v by_o the_o tyrant_n who_o have_v poison_v his_o elder_a brethren_n and_o take_v away_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o forefather_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o moravia_n where_o carambeg_n be_v take_v he_o be_v a_o commander_n among_o the_o turk_n in_o the_o general_a rout_n he_o close_o follow_v aster_v the_o general_n chief_a secretary_n till_o he_o find_v he_o in_o a_o place_n fit_a for_o his_o purpose_n which_o he_o have_v impart_v to_o some_o of_o his_o most_o trusty_a friend_n and_o countryman_n chief_o to_o amesa_n his_o kinsman_n a_o stout_a soldier_n they_o all_o together_o agree_v to_o set_v upon_o the_o turk_n when_o they_o find_v they_o few_o in_o number_n and_o to_o kill_v they_o the_o secretary_n he_o carry_v aside_o and_o force_v he_o for_o fear_n of_o present_a death_n to_o write_v a_o letter_n in_o his_o master_n name_n who_o be_v grand_n vizir_fw-it to_o the_o governor_n of_o croia_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o epirus_n to_o command_v he_o by_o amurath_n order_n to_o deliver_v on_o sight_n of_o the_o letter_n his_o charge_n and_o government_n to_o scanderbag_n the_o new_a governor_n as_o appoint_v by_o amurath_n to_o succeed_v he_o add_v several_a other_o thing_n on_o purpose_n to_o gain_v more_o credit_n to_o the_o letter_n and_o messenger_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v thus_o force_v from_o the_o secretary_n this_o letter_n he_o kill_v he_o and_o as_o many_o of_o the_o turk_n as_o he_o can_v meet_v with_o that_o they_o may_v not_o give_v intelligence_n of_o his_o design_n and_o proceed_n to_o old_a amurath_n and_o have_v with_o he_o under_o his_o command_n three_o thousand_o epirot_n his_o countryman_n who_o resolve_v to_o follow_v his_o fortune_n and_o fight_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o liberty_n of_o their_o native_a country_n he_o march_v with_o all_o speed_n towards_o epirus_n and_o to_o the_o chief_a city_n of_o croia_n he_o order_v the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o soldier_n to_o go_v in_o the_o night_n and_o by_o secret_a way_n through_o the_o wood_n and_o mountain_n to_o draw_v as_o near_o to_o croia_n as_o they_o can_v unperceived_a until_o he_o have_v a_o opportunity_n to_o bring_v they_o into_o the_o city_n to_o master_v the_o turkish_a garrison_n in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o take_v with_o he_o a_o few_o only_o to_o wait_v upon_o he_o and_o go_v the_o direct_a way_n to_o croia_n send_v before_o he_o amesa_n with_o two_o servant_n to_o certify_v the_o governor_n of_o his_o come_n amesa_n behave_v himself_o with_o that_o wisdom_n and_o discretion_n that_o the_o governor_n can_v not_o perceive_v any_o deceit_n much_o less_o when_o he_o see_v the_o great_a bassa_n letter_n write_v by_o his_o secretary_n but_o immediate_o deliver_v up_o the_o command_n of_o the_o town_n and_o depart_v the_o next_o day_n for_o adrianople_n the_o same_o night_n scanderbag_n bring_v into_o the_o city_n his_o soldier_n who_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v near_o at_o hand_n with_o their_o assistance_n he_o set_v upon_o the_o turk_n and_o slay_v they_o the_o recovery_n of_o croia_n cause_v all_o epirus_n to_o yield_v to_o scanderbag_n and_o the_o country_n people_n with_o great_a joy_n give_v he_o their_o assistance_n to_o kill_v all_o the_o turk_n that_o be_v leave_v in_o his_o dominion_n the_o governor_n also_o of_o croia_n be_v overtake_v by_o the_o epirot_n and_o murder_v with_o his_o retinue_n only_o some_o strong_a place_n and_o garrison_n be_v not_o so_o easy_a to_o be_v master_v but_o scanderbag_n have_v call_v his_o subject_n to_o his_o assistance_n he_o in_o few_o day_n gather_v together_o 12000_o man_n with_o who_o he_o besiege_v and_o take_v petrelta_n a_o strong_a city_n by_o the_o subtle_a tale_n of_o a_o country_n fellow_n send_v thither_o on_o purpose_n by_o scanderbag_n to_o tell_v the_o garrison_n that_o amurath_n have_v be_v late_o so_o defeat_v by_o the_o hungarian_n that_o he_o can_v not_o relieve_v they_o and_o that_o they_o may_v have_v any_o honourable_a term_n grant_v if_o they_o will_v submit_v to_o scandberbeg_n after_o this_o he_o take_v possession_n of_o petra_n alba_n stellusa_n and_o besiege_v srifegrade_v but_o can_v not_o recover_v that_o city_n therefore_o rise_v from_o that_o siege_n he_o waste_v all_o the_o border_n of_o macedonia_n and_o spoil_v the_o country_n round_o alis_fw-la bassa_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n of_o forty_o thousand_o to_o punish_v he_o and_o recover_v epirus_n scanderbag_n to_o defend_v himself_o choose_v 8000_o horse_n and_o 7000_o foot_n and_o with_o this_o small_a army_n he_o wait_v upon_o the_o border_n near_o dibra_n for_o the_o bassa_n come_v but_o he_o have_v place_v three_o thousand_o man_n with_o amesa_n in_o ambush_n in_o a_o wood_n near_o the_o great_a road_n where_o the_o bassa_n be_v to_o pass_v with_o his_o army_n command_v they_o not_o to_o stir_v until_o
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