general_n and_o be_v well_o arm_v to_o advance_v in_o all_o place_n of_o danger_n and_o not_o to_o suffer_v he_o to_o be_v over-engaged_n in_o his_o own_o person_n they_o be_v to_o inform_v themselves_o thorough_o as_o well_o of_o all_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o of_o the_o mean_n of_o disable_n they_o and_o last_o they_o be_v to_o overlook_v the_o pioner_n and_o such_o as_o labour_v at_o the_o battery_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o act_v their_o part_n diligent_o and_o useful_o upon_o all_o occasion_n the_o peculiar_a duty_n of_o the_o conductor_n of_o the_o artillery_n be_v to_o take_v the_o charge_n of_o the_o wagon_n and_o carriage_n belong_v to_o the_o whole_a train_n and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v order_v according_a to_o instruction_n from_o the_o general_n they_o be_v also_o to_o see_v all_o the_o powder_n and_o shot_n to_o be_v safe_o lodge_v and_o guard_v they_o be_v all_o of_o they_o every_o one_o in_o his_o allot_v place_n to_o be_v present_a at_o the_o battery_n and_o there_o to_o execute_v due_o and_o diligent_o whatsoever_o the_o general_n shall_v appoint_v the_o part_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o artillery_n be_v to_o lay_v out_o and_o describe_v all_o the_o port_n of_o the_o battery_n to_o visit_v all_o the_o great_a gun_n when_o they_o be_v in_o their_o quarter_n and_o to_o see_v they_o in_o point_n to_o see_v they_o conduct_v to_o the_o battery_n and_o deliver_v up_o to_o the_o gunner_n with_o all_o the_o appurrenance_n belong_v to_o they_o as_o coin_n lever_n ladle_n sponge_n rammer_n shot_n powder_n wads_n tackle_n and_o the_o like_a they_o be_v likewise_o to_o take_v a_o survey_n and_o to_o advertise_v all_o the_o due_a refresh_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o to_o make_v they_o know_v to_o the_o lieutenant_n and_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o ordnance_n they_o be_v to_o caliber_n and_o fit_a all_o the_o shot_n to_o the_o bear_v of_o every_o great_a gun_n and_o to_o see_v they_o lay_v on_o heap_n by_o every_o piece_n they_o be_v also_o to_o have_v a_o care_n that_o the_o gunner_n be_v sufficient_o fit_v with_o linstock_n arm_v with_o their_o short_a sword_n provide_v with_o their_o powder-horn_n and_o prime_a iron_n of_o all_o size_n and_o with_o their_o compass_n quadrant_n and_o the_o like_a necessary_n they_o be_v also_o upon_o the_o cast_n of_o any_o new_a piece_n to_o visit_v they_o careful_o and_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v every_o way_n order_v according_a to_o command_n and_o direction_n from_o the_o general_n as_o for_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o gunner_n it_o be_v general_o know_v what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v and_o some_o print_a pamphlet_n teach_v how_o to_o do_v it_o i_o shall_v not_o enlarge_v myself_o far_o that_o way_n then_o only_o to_o give_v some_o few_o caveat_n and_o shall_v in_o the_o first_o place_n advise_v that_o before_o any_o admittance_n be_v make_v of_o any_o such_o the_o pretender_n be_v thorough_o and_o impartial_o examine_v and_o put_v to_o the_o test_n by_o the_o master_n of_o the_o artillery_n or_o some_o able_a and_o honest_a man_n substitute_v to_o that_o end_n and_o for_o the_o ease_n of_o these_o substitute_n i_o shall_v presume_v to_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n to_o observe_v unto_o their_o gunner_n these_o few_o particular_n follow_v which_o perhaps_o be_v not_o so_o careful_o heed_v as_o it_o be_v fit_a and_o behoveful_a in_o these_o case_n as_o that_o in_o the_o lade_n of_o their_o gun_n especial_o if_o time_n and_o leisure_n may_v allow_v after_o the_o second_o ladleful_a of_o powder_n be_v convey_v into_o the_o chamber_n of_o the_o piece_n and_o there_o well_o settle_a by_o the_o rammer_n care_v be_v take_v that_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o piece_n be_v thorough_o cleanse_v by_o a_o dry_a sponge_n or_o convenient_a what_fw-mi lest_o by_o the_o remainder_n of_o some_o grain_n of_o loose_a powder_n in_o the_o way_n there_o accrue_v some_o peril_n by_o the_o roll_a down_n of_o the_o shot_n which_o may_v fire_v by_o the_o way_n and_o fire_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o chamber_n to_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o gunner_n that_o in_o the_o let_a fall_n of_o the_o shot_n into_o the_o concavity_n of_o the_o gun_n when_o it_o be_v charge_v with_o powder_n a_o especial_a care_n be_v have_v that_o the_o shot_n be_v first_o well_o cleanse_v and_o that_o no_o piece_n of_o any_o sandy_a or_o stony_a substance_n be_v fix_v unto_o it_o the_o which_o may_v procure_v danger_n both_o by_o lodging_n of_o the_o shot_n by_o the_o way_n before_o it_o get_v home_o to_o the_o powder_n and_o by_o hinder_v the_o free_a issue_n of_o it_o upon_o the_o discharge_n that_o the_o gunner_n in_o the_o lade_n of_o his_o piece_n stand_v not_o before_o the_o mouth_n of_o it_o with_o any_o part_n of_o his_o body_n lest_o he_o be_v spoil_v by_o some_o accidental_a fire_n of_o it_o cause_v by_o some_o secret_a hony-comb_n or_o the_o like_a and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o peculiar_a duty_n of_o the_o prime_a officer_n belong_v to_o a_o train_n of_o artillery_n as_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o their_o very_a name_n speak_v the_o nature_n of_o their_o duty_n and_o therefore_o deserve_v no_o far_a description_n chap._n vii_o how_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v conduct_v in_o a_o march_n of_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o great_a gun_n march_v in_o the_o van._n of_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o gun_n march_v in_o the_o battle_n and_o rear_n how_o to_o march_v the_o enemy_n be_v in_o view_n of_o the_o artillery_n when_o force_v to_o march_v apart_o of_o the_o conveyance_n of_o the_o carriage_n in_o general_n of_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n when_o the_o enemy_n follow_v in_o the_o rear_n or_o lie_v on_o the_o further_a side_n of_o a_o bridge_n for_o the_o pass_n of_o a_o army_n over_o river_n and_o of_o pass_v by_o a_o ford._n the_o best_a kind_n of_o bridge_n for_o the_o pass_n of_o army_n over_o rivers_n we_o be_v now_o come_v to_o the_o conduction_n of_o a_o army_n in_o a_o march_n wherein_o in_o the_o first_o place_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o the_o conductor_n be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o country_n through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o carry_v the_o army_n as_o whether_o it_o be_v champion_n or_o mountainous_a whether_o subject_n to_o marsh_n or_o not_o and_o especial_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v careful_a to_o be_v well_o provide_v with_o siklful_a and_o trusty_a guide_n and_o upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n he_o be_v to_o determine_v the_o order_n of_o the_o march_n as_o for_o example_n a_o army_n make_v up_o of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n which_o number_n be_v former_o propound_v be_v to_o march_v in_o a_o champion_n country_n in_o order_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o enemy_n near_o may_v be_v thus_o marshal_v first_o of_o all_o in_o the_o point_n before_o the_o foot_n may_v march_v five_o hundred_o horse_n be_v corslet_n or_o cuirassier_n repartit_v into_o more_o or_o few_o division_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v and_o these_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o forlorn-hope_a to_o make_v discovery_n upon_o all_o the_o passage_n on_o all_o side_n and_o to_o clear_v the_o woodie_n place_n of_o all_o ambushment_n next_o after_o these_o may_v march_v two_o thousand_o foot_n divide_v into_o more_o or_o few_o body_n answerable_a to_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o point_n and_o they_o be_v as_o well_o to_o serve_v for_o a_o second_o or_o reserve_v to_o these_o horse_n as_o to_o defend_v that_o part_n of_o the_o artillery_n march_v in_o the_o vanguard_n after_o these_o two_o thousand_o foot_n the_o division_n of_o the_o artillery_n for_o the_o vanguard_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v order_v with_o the_o requisite_a wagon_n of_o great_a shot_n powder_n coin_n and_o the_o like_a necessary_n accompany_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o pioner_n to_o prepare_v and_o lay_v open_a the_o way_n and_o passage_n and_o to_o make_v needful_a defence_n and_o in_o this_o division_n there_o be_v to_o be_v of_o great_a gun_n four_o field-piece_n at_o the_o least_o mount_v on_o their_o proper_a carriage_n and_o attend_v with_o one_o wagon_n of_o powder_n and_o another_o of_o shot_n with_o all_o thing_n answerable_a command_v by_o a_o experience_a lieutenant_n with_o some_o of_o the_o gentleman_n of_o the_o ordnance_n and_o their_o gunner_n after_o this_o division_n may_v march_v four_o culverin_n with_o a_o wagon_n of_o powder_n and_o another_o of_o shot_n with_o the_o appurtenance_n after_o these_o four_o demy-cannon_n by_o pair_n with_o their_o gin_n powder_n shot_n and_o other_o necessary_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o these_o may_v march_v four_o whole_a cannon_n with_o all_o that_o
belong_v unto_o they_o as_o four_o wagon_n of_o powder_n eight_o wagon_n of_o shor_n with_o all_o thing_n answerable_a and_o these_o be_v the_o repartition_n of_o the_o artillery_n which_o be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n of_o a_o army_n of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n after_o this_o body_n and_o division_n of_o these_o ordnance_n three_o thousand_o light-horse_n or_o dragoon_n be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v and_o after_o they_o ten_o thousand_o foot_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o these_o all_o the_o munition_n belong_v to_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o army_n as_o bridges_n plank_n powder_n shot_n cordage_n pallisadoe_n pike_n shovel_n crab_n coin_n as_o well_o of_o wood_n as_o iron_n together_o with_o all_o the_o tool_n belong_v to_o the_o carpenter_n smith_n and_o the_o like_a artificer_n all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v handsome_o lodge_v in_o wagon_n the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n of_o the_o moiety_n of_o the_o army_n be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o next_o place_n with_o the_o hospital_n follow_v with_o the_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n belong_v to_o the_o general_n and_o the_o other_o commander_n in_o chief_a and_o after_o they_o that_o part_n of_o the_o baggage_n belong_v partly_o to_o the_o vanguard_n and_o partly_o to_o the_o battle_n after_o these_o may_v march_v twelve_o thousand_o foot_n order_v into_o small_a body_n have_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o a_o body_n of_o wagon_n of_o baggage_n whereof_o part_n be_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o middle-guard_n or_o battle_n and_o part_n to_o the_o rearguard_n follow_v with_o the_o general_n life-guard_n and_o the_o suit_n of_o the_o ambassador_n next_o again_o after_o these_o may_v follow_v the_o munition_n and_o engine_n serve_v for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o rear_n with_o the_o artillery_n bridge_n and_o the_o like_a appurtenance_n and_o after_o they_o eight_o thousand_o foot_n make_v the_o gross_a of_o the_o rear_n then_o as_o former_o in_o the_o van_n may_v be_v order_v to_o march_v four_o cannon_n four_o demy-cannon_n three_o culverin_n or_o quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n and_o last_o three_o field-piece_n with_o all_o that_o belong_v unto_o they_o both_o of_o powder_n shot_n and_o other_o necessary_n with_o the_o requisite_a attendant_n and_o after_o they_o two_o thousand_o foot_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o defence_n and_o coverture_n to_o all_o the_o artillery_n of_o the_o rear_n and_o last_o of_o all_o be_v to_o march_v five_o hundred_o horse_n answerable_a to_o the_o like_a number_n in_o the_o point_n of_o the_o van_n who_o be_v to_o bring_v up_o the_o rear_n and_o to_o discover_v that_o part_n of_o the_o campagnia_fw-la that_o way_n that_o so_o no_o unforeseen_a alarm_n may_v be_v give_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o any_o considerable_a loss_n and_o in_o this_o order_n may_v a_o army_n on_o all_o side_n be_v sufficient_o provide_v in_o a_o march_n against_o all_o attempt_n especial_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v not_o in_o view_n but_o somewhat_o remote_a but_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o view_n and_o a_o assault_n to_o be_v expect_v and_o the_o army_n nevertheless_o of_o necessity_n to_o march_v and_o this_o befall_v in_o a_o large_a plain_n or_o champion_n country_n this_o order_n now_o describe_v be_v to_o receive_v some_o alteration_n for_o it_o will_v be_v needful_a to_o have_v a_o large_a front_n of_o pike_n be_v ten_o or_o six_o deep_a in_o file_n with_o wing_n of_o shot_n on_o each_o side_n the_o which_o all_o together_o be_v to_o make_v a_o equal_a front_n between_o which_o shot_n and_o pike_n the_o artillery_n be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o interval_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n right_o behind_o the_o cannon_n or_o artillery_n may_v march_v two_o body_n of_o pike_n and_o betwixt_o they_o the_o carriage_n or_o baggage_n and_o last_o of_o all_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o may_v be_v order_v a_o body_n of_o pike_n with_o division_n of_o shot_n on_o each_o side_n equalize_v with_o those_o of_o the_o front_n and_o on_o each_o side_n of_o they_o some_o troop_n of_o horse_n to_o serve_v as_o wing_n to_o this_o body_n of_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o this_o form_n and_o order_n a_o army_n may_v both_o march_v and_o if_o need_v be_v fight_z without_o be_v disorder_a or_o much_o impedit_v in_o its_o way_n for_o if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v charge_v in_o front_n this_o order_n may_v be_v maintain_v and_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_n be_v it_o either_o of_o horse_n or_o foot_n by_o the_o front_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o shot_n in_o the_o wing_n shall_v opportune_o gall_v they_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n and_o the_o artillery_n also_o give_v they_o a_o salve_n as_o they_o make_v up_o and_o both_o shot_n and_o cannon_n be_v well_o secure_v either_o by_o the_o pike_n if_o the_o enemy_n foot_n shall_v charge_v or_o by_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_n which_o be_v to_o advance_v if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v with_o his_o horse_n and_o if_o the_o enemy_n charge_v in_o any_o of_o the_o flank_n it_o may_v be_v sustain_v by_o those_o pike_n which_o march_v there_o if_o his_o charge_n be_v with_o foot_n and_o withal_o he_o shall_v be_v gall_v by_o the_o shot_n both_o of_o van_n and_o rear_n and_o if_o his_o charge_n be_v with_o horse_n it_o may_v be_v oppose_v by_o the_o horse_n march_v in_o the_o rear_n who_o be_v to_o advance_v to_o that_o end_n and_o if_o the_o enemy_n give_v on_o in_o the_o rear_n his_o foot_n may_v be_v receive_v with_o face_n about_o by_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n which_o be_v order_v there_o and_o also_o be_v much_o annoy_v by_o those_o shot_n flank_v those_o pike_n and_o the_o shot_n well_o secure_v as_o well_o by_o their_o own_o pike_n as_o the_o pike_n in_o the_o flank_n and_o especial_o by_o the_o horse_n march_v in_o the_o flank_n of_o this_o rear_n and_o all_o this_o while_n the_o carriage_n of_o baggage_n and_o munition_n may_v likewise_o be_v very_o sufficient_o secure_v by_o their_o be_v order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o very_a centre_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n but_o because_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o upon_o occasion_n either_o of_o passage_n or_o way_n or_o present_a work_n and_o employment_n that_o the_o train_n of_o artillery_n may_v be_v force_v to_o march_v by_o itself_o apart_o and_o sever_v from_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o army_n in_o this_o case_n the_o order_n and_o conduction_n of_o it_o may_v be_v that_o half_o the_o pioner_n and_o labourer_n make_v the_o van_n march_v under_o their_o chief_n and_o commissary_n and_o to_o be_v free_v from_o the_o trouble_n of_o any_o stranger_n not_o belong_v to_o their_o train_n nor_o with_o any_o of_o their_o wagon_n after_o which_o pioner_n all_o such_o wagon_n be_v to_o march_v as_o carry_v the_o spade_n mattock_n and_o the_o like_a utensil_n next_o unto_o these_o the_o field-piece_n be_v to_o follow_v after_o they_o the_o culverin_n than_o the_o demy-cannon_n and_o last_o the_o cannon_n and_o thus_o order_v march_v the_o vanguard_n and_o in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n may_v also_o march_v the_o rear_n and_o after_o the_o cannon_n in_o the_o rear_n may_v follow_v all_o the_o furniture_n belong_v to_o the_o artillery_n and_o with_o it_o the_o bridge_n the_o boat_n the_o reserve_n of_o the_o munition_n and_o especial_o the_o magazine_n of_o powder_n the_o tent_n in_o general_a and_o the_o general_n tent_n though_o true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o be_v sometime_o order_v to_o march_v in_o the_o van_n that_o so_o they_o may_v be_v first_o in_o the_o quarter_n the_o better_a to_o be_v fit_v for_o receipt_n and_o entertainment_n after_o these_o be_v to_o march_v all_o the_o firework_n all_o the_o ladder_n plank_n chain_n nail_n and_o sack_n and_o the_o like_a implement_n and_o after_o they_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pioner_n and_o miner_n follow_v with_o the_o wagon_n of_o small_a shot_n with_o the_o store_n of_o lead_n with_o those_o of_o the_o pike_n and_o arm_n to_o spare_v and_o then_o the_o wagon_n of_o the_o great_a shot_n the_o which_o though_o proper_o they_o be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o march_v next_o after_o the_o great_a gun_n yet_o in_o respect_n that_o the_o small_a shot_n and_o other_o small_a parcel_n be_v more_o subject_a to_o the_o pillage_n of_o the_o common_a soldier_n they_o may_v best_o be_v secure_v in_o this_o manner_n and_o in_o the_o last_o place_n be_v to_o come_v up_o the_o wagon_n belong_v to_o the_o general_n of_o the_o ordnance_n his_o lieutenant_n with_o the_o gentleman_n and_o officer_n of_o that_o train_n and_o then_o again_o the_o smith_n and_o carpenter_n and_o in_o rear_n of_o all_o the_o provost_z of_o the_o artillery_n be_v to_o march_v together_o with_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o baggage_n and_o the_o victual_n of_o the_o whole_a train_n and_o thus_o may_v the_o artillery_n belong_v
rear_n and_o that_o as_o well_o in_o regard_n that_o it_o be_v the_o place_n of_o most_o security_n as_o that_o upon_o all_o occasion_n his_o advice_n and_o command_n may_v there_o be_v best_a give_v and_o take_v and_o the_o ensign_n be_v to_o be_v order_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o maniple_n or_o somewhat_o near_o the_o front_n as_o for_o the_o artillery_n it_o be_v to_o be_v order_v before_o the_o front_n without_o the_o corner_n of_o the_o vanguard_n upon_o the_o most_o elevate_a ground_n that_o it_o may_v the_o better_a play_n upon_o all_o part_n only_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v expect_v to_o charge_v on_o all_o part_n then_o be_v the_o artillery_n to_o be_v place_v on_o all_o part_n and_o such_o piece_n as_o be_v not_o for_o the_o present_a employment_n to_o be_v bestow_v between_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o rear_n unless_o the_o fight_n be_v before_o a_o town_n or_o camp_n entrench_v and_o then_o it_o be_v leave_v either_o in_o the_o town_n or_o camp_n and_o so_o be_v the_o baggage_n likewise_o and_o all_o the_o unprofitable_a person_n but_o this_o order_n of_o a_o army_n for_o a_o battle_n have_v not_o pass_v without_o reprehension_n in_o divers_a particular_n as_o first_o of_o the_o phalanx_n and_o indeed_o all_o other_o overgreat_a body_n for_o it_o be_v a_o undeniable_a maxim_n that_o those_o troop_n stand_v in_o best_a order_n which_o can_v bring_v up_o most_o hand_n to_o fight_v at_o once_o it_o as_o undeniable_o follow_v that_o the_o small_a troop_n and_o division_n must_v needs_o do_v this_o best_a and_o therefore_o be_v preferable_a because_o in_o great_a squadron_n or_o phalanx_n many_o man_n be_v drown_v in_o the_o depth_n of_o the_o file_n and_o flank_n and_o never_o appear_v but_o when_o the_o break_n of_o the_o great_a body_n do_v present_v they_o to_o the_o butchery_n the_o great_a squadron_n be_v also_o reprovable_a in_o regard_n that_o they_o be_v unmanagable_a and_o can_v be_v preserve_v in_o order_n but_o when_o the_o ground_n be_v large_a and_o plain_a and_o withal_o of_o a_o even_a and_o perfect_a level_n otherwise_o they_o must_v either_o stand_v immovable_a or_o upon_o the_o least_o motion_n be_v subject_a to_o shake_v and_o disorder_n whereas_o the_o lesser_a body_n be_v scantle_v for_o all_o place_n champion_n or_o woodie_a level_a or_o uneven_a of_o what_o condition_n soever_o again_o if_o two_o or_o three_o rank_n only_o of_o the_o great_a body_n happen_v to_o be_v break_v or_o any_o way_n disorderder_v the_o whole_a body_n be_v equal_o interest_v in_o the_o disorder_n and_o have_v far_o less_o mean_n to_o rally_v itself_o than_o a_o small_a maniple_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a if_o any_o violence_n rout_n or_o disorder_n a_o maniple_n it_o proceed_v no_o further_a than_o to_o that_o part_n where_o it_o take_v the_o disrank_n of_o any_o one_o of_o these_o small_a body_n not_o at_o all_o or_o very_o little_a extend_v to_o the_o confusion_n or_o disorder_n of_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n by_o reason_n that_o their_o interval_n and_o separation_n or_o distance_n serve_v to_o cut_v off_o such_o inconvenience_n and_o yet_o no_o way_n hinder_v the_o general_a unite_n of_o all_o their_o strength_n into_o one_o body_n and_o these_o be_v the_o exception_n against_o great_a body_n and_o unite_a phalanx_n the_o second_o exception_n against_o the_o former_a order_n be_v about_o the_o place_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o between_o the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n and_o the_o rearguard_n as_o the_o former_a order_n prescribe_v concern_v which_o notwithstanding_o many_o opinion_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o various_a precedent_n vegetius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n and_o eighteen_o chapter_n say_v that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o army_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v in_o the_o right_a wing_n betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o foot_n and_o he_o add_v this_o be_v the_o place_n which_o govern_v the_o whole_a battle_n as_o from_o whence_o all_o sallying_n out_o be_v direct_a and_o free_a so_o that_o say_v he_o the_o general_n rest_v thus_o betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o foot_n may_v best_o govern_v they_o with_o command_n and_o direction_n now_o of_o both_o these_o there_o have_v be_v find_v example_n of_o the_o first_o diodorus_n siculus_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o scythian_n that_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o phalanx_n and_o arrian_n in_o his_o first_o book_n and_o thirty_o six_o chapter_n affirm_v that_o darius_n take_v the_o same_o place_n and_o leo_n also_o cap._n 4._o sect_n 63._o and_o 67._o and_o cap._n 12._o sect._n 66._o give_v the_o middle_a of_o the_o battle_n to_o the_o general_n and_o plutarch_n report_v that_o timoleon_n in_o his_o fight_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n place_v himself_o in_o the_o very_a midst_n of_o the_o battle_n on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o have_v it_o in_o xenophon_n cyrop_n lib._n 7._o fol._n 176._o that_o cyrus_n in_o his_o battle_n against_o croesus_n take_v his_o place_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n betwixt_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o that_o of_o the_o horse_n that_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n and_o alexander_n the_o great_a though_o breed_v among_o the_o phalanger_n do_v the_o like_a in_o most_o of_o his_o battle_n and_o for_o the_o modern_n i_o find_v the_o valiant_a king_n of_o sweden_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n in_o the_o front_n of_o some_o brigade_n of_o horse_n and_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n in_o the_o very_a front_n of_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o vanguard_n consist_v of_o six_o horse-squadron_n line_v with_o five_o body_n of_o musqueteer_n for_o i_o own_o part_n as_o among_o these_o various_a opinion_n i_o can_v approve_v of_o the_o general_n place_v himself_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o middle-guard_n or_o centre_n of_o the_o main_a body_n of_o pike_n in_o regard_n that_o it_o neither_o express_v valour_n nor_o can_v he_o see_v about_o he_o to_o discover_v any_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n and_o to_o direct_v according_o so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o shall_v not_o advise_v to_o have_v any_o general_n to_o be_v over-hazardous_a in_o adventure_v his_o person_n in_o the_o very_a height_n of_o the_o front_n especial_o when_o the_o army_n fall_v up_o to_o the_o charge_n lest_o the_o loss_n of_o the_o best_a blood_n of_o that_o body_n procure_v the_o languish_a of_o the_o whole_a and_o thus_o i_o be_o sure_o be_v lose_v at_o lutzen_n the_o best_a general_n of_o the_o world_n though_o to_o the_o wonder_n of_o the_o world_n that_o headless_a army_n get_v the_o day_n in_o a_o fury_n in_o my_o opinion_n therefore_o though_o a_o general_n may_v place_v himself_o at_o the_o time_n of_o a_o battle_n in_o the_o right_a wing_n of_o his_o own_o middle-guard_n yet_o ought_v it_o to_o be_v with_o some_o brigade_n of_o reserve_n and_o by_o no_o mean_n in_o the_o very_a point_n or_o post_n of_o the_o van._n for_o questionless_a it_o be_v a_o great_a error_n in_o a_o general_n when_o his_o courage_n shall_v not_o suffer_v his_o judgement_n to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o common_a carabine_n and_o the_o general_n of_o a_o army_n as_o for_o the_o line_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o musqueteer_n or_o at_o the_o least_o with_o the_o light-armed_n whereof_o we_o give_v a_o touch_n before_o it_o be_v not_o uncommon_a with_o the_o ancient_n and_o it_o be_v always_o hold_v that_o horse_n be_v thus_o charge_v can_v not_o resist_v both_o and_o we_o have_v a_o notable_a example_n hereof_o in_o hirtius_n de_fw-la bello_fw-la afric_n when_o caesar_n have_v a_o march_n to_o make_v and_o but_o a_o small_a number_n of_o horse_n with_o his_o legionary_a soldier_n be_v set_v upon_o in_o his_o way_n by_o the_o enemy_n abound_v with_o horse_n and_o light-armed_n numidian_n among_o they_o and_o when_o caesar_n soldier_n fall_v out_o to_o charge_n the_o enemy_n horse_n retreat_v and_o the_o foot_n stand_v fast_o until_o their_o horse_n with_o a_o short_a wheel_a about_o return_v upon_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o their_o rescue_n by_o which_o way_n of_o fight_n caesar_n himself_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v so_o perplex_v that_o he_o find_v no_o other_o course_n to_o save_v himself_o then_o to_o recover_v some_o hill_n of_o shelter_n near_o at_o hand_n and_o that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o they_o he_o must_v have_v fare_v worse_a and_o for_o those_o musquereer_n wherewith_o the_o king_n of_o swedens_fw-fr horse_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n and_o lutzen_n be_v line_v they_o be_v so_o shadow_v from_o the_o enemy_n by_o these_o horse_n that_o when_o those_o of_o the_o enemy_n come_v up_o to_o the_o charge_n they_o do_v a_o very_a great_a execution_n upon_o they_o before_o they_o be_v aware_a and_o be_v a_o main_a mean_n of_o
the_o attainment_n of_o those_o two_o famous_a victory_n nor_o can_v i_o apprehend_v any_o objection_n that_o may_v with_o any_o reason_n be_v make_v against_o this_o form_n of_o order_n since_o hereby_o these_o musqueteer_n be_v well_o secure_v by_o their_o own_o horse_n and_o the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o extreme_a danger_n to_o be_v terrible_o gall_v by_o these_o fire-weapon_n before_o they_o can_v get_v up_o to_o charge_v home_o or_o so_o much_o as_o to_o approach_v within_o the_o reach_n of_o their_o pistol_n and_o therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o very_o worthy_a both_o of_o acceptation_n and_o imitation_n and_o these_o way_n of_o line_v of_o the_o heavy-armed_n with_o the_o light-armed_n have_v not_o be_v find_v to_o be_v practise_v with_o the_o horse_n only_o but_o with_o the_o pike_n also_o and_o that_o as_o well_o with_o the_o ancient_n as_o those_o of_o our_o time_n true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o light-armed_n with_o the_o ancient_n be_v the_o slinger_n and_o darter_n and_o be_v various_o order_v sometime_o before_o the_o front_n of_o the_o phalanx_n or_o main_a body_n of_o the_o pike_n sometime_o on_o the_o wing_n sometime_o betwixt_o the_o file_n of_o the_o arm_a front_v in_o a_o right_a line_n with_o they_o sometime_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o of_o these_o aelian_a make_v mention_v chap._n 42._o and_o sometime_o also_o in_o a_o quite_o contrary_a way_n as_o when_o these_o light_a arm_a be_v draw_v into_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o battle_n itself_o as_o for_o the_o usual_a modern_a way_n they_o be_v as_o all_o know_v to_o place_n and_o order_v the_o light-armed_n man_n which_o be_v the_o musqueteer_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o sometime_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o swedish_n discipline_n introduce_v a_o intermingle_v of_o the_o musqueteer_n with_o small_a body_n and_o maniple_n of_o pike_n the_o which_o nevertheless_o be_v so_o bestow_v in_o the_o section_n and_o division_n of_o those_o body_n as_o not_o to_o be_v discover_v by_o the_o assault_a enemy_n until_o they_o feel_v they_o and_o sure_o if_o the_o garb_n of_o the_o time_n will_v allow_v it_o i_o see_v not_o why_o some_o of_o our_o long-bowe-man_n which_o as_o the_o world_n know_v have_v be_v the_o fame_n of_o our_o nation_n may_v not_o be_v employ_v in_o these_o service_n mix_v together_o with_o our_o musqueteer_n nor_o why_o they_o shall_v not_o execute_v to_o great_a purpose_n especial_o upon_o horse_n and_o if_o some_o of_o they_o be_v order_v in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n they_o will_v not_o only_o be_v shadow_v from_o the_o view_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o may_v be_v draw_v up_o without_o any_o confusion_n or_o trouble_n to_o any_o other_o part_n as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v nay_o stand_v firm_a in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o all_o they_o may_v questionless_a do_v very_o great_a service_n and_o especial_o before_o the_o army_n join_v by_o deliver_v their_o volley_n of_o arrow_n over_o all_o that_o stand_v before_o they_o the_o which_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o fall_v upon_o any_o horse-troop_n and_o with_o their_o barb_a head_n stick_v and_o hang_v fast_o where_o they_o fall_v as_o they_o will_v certain_o do_v they_o can_v choose_v but_o cause_n a_o mighty_a confusion_n nay_o their_o very_a stick_v in_o the_o ground_n in_o the_o way_n of_o a_o horse-troop_n must_v needs_o dazzle_v their_o sight_n and_o amaze_v they_o for_o i_o be_o clear_o of_o their_o opinion_n who_o hold_v that_o the_o longbow_n be_v preferable_a to_o the_o musket_n in_o these_o respect_n in_o that_o many_o rank_n of_o archer_n yea_o all_o of_o they_o shall_v they_o stand_v ten_o in_o depth_n may_v deliver_v their_o whole_a volley_n at_o once_o whereas_o the_o musqueteer_n can_v do_v this_o with_o one_o rank_n only_o at_o once_o or_o at_o the_o most_o after_o the_o swedish_n way_n with_o three_o as_o also_o in_o regard_n that_o the_o arrow_n strike_v as_o well_o in_o descent_n as_o at_o pointblank_o the_o bullet_n only_o at_o pointblank_o in_o that_o the_o bow_n may_v far_o better_o be_v use_v in_o wet_a weather_n then_o the_o musket_n and_o be_v withal_o sure_a to_o take_v whereas_o the_o musket_n oftentimes_o fail_v in_o take_v fire_n in_o that_o the_o bow_n be_v undoubted_o more_o prevalent_a against_o the_o horse_n than_o the_o musket_n for_o though_o a_o horse_n be_v shoot_v through_o with_o a_o bullet_n he_o be_v yet_o for_o a_o while_o able_a to_o bear_v his_o rider_n and_o to_o do_v service_n but_o if_o a_o barb_a arrow_n do_v but_o hang_v in_o any_o part_n of_o a_o horse_n he_o become_v altogether_o unmanageable_a and_o so_o unserviceable_a and_o last_o in_o that_o as_o aforesaid_a though_o the_o arrow_n shall_v miss_v its_o mark_n yet_o it_o be_v very_o stick_v in_o the_o ground_n and_o especial_o when_o a_o whole_a volley_n do_v so_o prove_v not_o only_o terrible_a to_o the_o horse_n but_o cumbersome_a both_o to_o horse_n and_o man_n and_o that_o in_o all_o ground_n and_o at_o all_o assault_n i_o know_v well_o that_o in_o some_o particular_n the_o musket_n also_o be_v preserable_a to_o the_o bow_n as_o behind_o a_o rampart_n and_o through_o loophole_n and_o in_o that_o a_o good_a musket_n due_o charge_v will_v carry_v pointblank_o to_o the_o distance_n of_o twelve_o score_n whereas_o a_o archer_n especial_o now_o adays_o can_v scarce_o shoot_v so_o far_o at_o random_n it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o the_o musket_n be_v more_o terrible_a and_o scare_v a_o un-accustomed_n man_n more_o than_o the_o bow_n but_o for_o all_o this_o i_o know_v not_o but_o that_o they_o may_v both_o pass_v in_o cameradeship_n nor_o do_v i_o know_v all_o thing_n consider_v why_o the_o new_a invention_n of_o the_o pike_n and_o bowe_n unite_v shall_v find_v so_o little_a entertainment_n among_o we_o as_o it_o have_v do_v unless_o it_o be_v that_o now_o adays_o we_o have_v give_v over_o our_o self_n to_o take_v up_o all_o thing_n upon_o mere_a trust_n rather_o than_o reason_n though_o evidence_v by_o demonstration_n but_o because_o we_o have_v speak_v much_o of_o the_o line_n of_o horse_n with_o musqueteer_n in_o a_o battle_n it_o may_v well_o be_v expect_v that_o somewhat_o shall_v be_v say_v touch_v the_o place_n and_o order_v of_o these_o horse_n and_o of_o this_o i_o find_v the_o common_a and_o usual_a way_n to_o be_v to_o dispose_v they_o in_o the_o wing_n thus_o do_v alexander_n at_o his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n granicus_n as_o arrian_n record_v lib._n 2._o and_o curtius_n lib._n 3._o so_o do_v antigonus_n as_o diodorus_n siculus_n have_v it_o lib._n 19_o and_o so_o ptolemy_n in_o his_o battle_n against_o demetrius_n as_o the_o same_o author_n say_v in_o the_o same_o book_n and_o in_o brief_a all_o the_o macedonian_n and_o grecian_n unless_o some_o especial_a cause_n urge_v a_o alteration_n do_v the_o like_a and_o so_o the_o roman_n also_o since_o they_o and_o indeed_o so_o it_o have_v continue_v almost_o in_o all_o age_n even_o to_o this_o nevertheless_o i_o hold_v it_o not_o amiss_o upon_o many_o occasion_n to_o place_n and_o order_v some_o troop_n of_o horse_n in_o the_o very_a rear_n of_o the_o army_n provide_v that_o some_o large_a interval_n be_v leave_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o body_n of_o the_o foot_n that_o through_o they_o these_o horse_n may_v be_v draw_v up_o to_o charge_n when_o need_n require_v for_o hereby_o these_o horse_n shall_v both_o be_v shadow_v from_o the_o enemy_n sight_n and_o may_v be_v draw_v to_o a_o charge_n in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o army_n wheresoever_o and_o of_o this_o also_o we_o find_v both_o old_a and_o new_a example_n as_o of_o old_a in_o the_o war_n between_o the_o roman_n and_o spaniard_n mention_v by_o livy_n cecab_n 3._o lib._n 9_o wherein_o the_o ausetanes_n the_o illergetes_n with_o some_o other_o be_v say_v to_o leave_v broad_a interval_n betwixt_o the_o wing_n and_o the_o middle_a part_n of_o their_o battle_n to_o give_v passage_n to_o their_o horse_n to_o come_v up_o to_o all_o charge_n and_o i_o find_v the_o like_a likewise_o to_o be_v practise_v by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o liptzwick_n where_o he_o order_v divers_a reserve_v of_o horse_n in_o the_o rear_v whence_o they_o be_v draw_v up_o and_o do_v very_o good_a service_n towards_o the_o achievement_n of_o that_o famous_a victory_n sometime_o also_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o the_o horse_n have_v be_v order_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o body_n of_o pike_n but_o i_o believe_v that_o this_o be_v only_o do_v when_o that_o side_n do_v much_o exceed_v the_o other_o in_o number_n and_o strength_n of_o horse_n and_o when_o there_o be_v some_o distrust_n in_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o foot_n as_o in_o that_o battle_n
much_o of_o the_o range_a and_o order_v of_o army_n for_o a_o fight_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o ensue_a chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a chap._n ix_o observation_n upon_o the_o certainty_n of_o order_n for_o dislodging_n a_o camp_n of_o retreat_n when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o a_o campagne_n and_o when_o to_o be_v make_v in_o narrow_n how_o to_o be_v order_v and_o the_o reason_n of_o a_o army_n force_v to_o lodge_v in_o open_a field_n of_o the_o encamp_a of_o a_o army_n of_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n of_o guard_n due_a to_o entrenchment_n and_o where_o to_o be_v place_v form_n of_o entrenchment_n when_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n be_v very_o near_o be_v in_o this_o chapter_n to_o speak_v of_o the_o dislodging_n retreat_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o camp-royal_a we_o will_v first_o begin_v with_o the_o first_o of_o they_o a_o army_n be_v to_o dislodge_v and_o the_o general_n have_v give_v notice_n hereof_o to_o the_o lord_n marshal_n he_o the_o marshal_n be_v to_o do_v the_o like_a to_o the_o quarter-master-general_n and_o the_o quartermaster_n to_o the_o provost-marshal-general_n and_o he_o to_o the_o quartermaster_n of_o the_o regiment_n and_o they_o to_o the_o colonel_n and_o captain_n and_o those_o to_o their_o subordinate_a officer_n who_o be_v to_o warn_v the_o common_a man_n now_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o provost-marshal-general_n be_v to_o give_v order_n to_o the_o provost-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n that_o they_o give_v command_n to_o the_o pioner_n suckler_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o be_v not_o soldier_n to_o be_v in_o a_o readiness_n and_o employ_v themselves_o in_o the_o fill_n up_o of_o the_o trench_n that_o they_o be_v to_o forsake_v and_o in_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o quarter_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v while_o the_o whole_a camp_n be_v put_v themselves_o into_o their_o arm_n that_o so_o nothing_o may_v remain_v entire_a to_o give_v relief_n or_o any_o way_n to_o serve_v the_o enemy_n turn_v after_o they_o be_v forsake_v by_o themselves_o this_o be_v do_v and_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o scout_n send_v before_o to_o make_v discovery_n that_o corner_n or_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n which_o lie_v next_o to_o the_o enemy_n be_v first_o to_o stir_v second_v by_o the_o body_n of_o the_o vanguard_n then_o succee_v the_o other_o wing_n and_o then_o march_v the_o battle_n follow_v by_o the_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n cover_v with_o the_o rearguard_n close_v with_o troop_n of_o horse_n serve_v withal_o as_o scout_n to_o the_o army_n and_o to_o beat_v up_o straggler_n this_o have_v be_v receive_v for_o a_o general_a order_n of_o dislodging_n but_o sure_o this_o can_v be_v so_o precise_o and_o punctual_o observe_v but_o may_v and_o must_v suffer_v alteration_n according_a to_o the_o quality_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n and_o ground_n that_o the_o dislodging_n be_v to_o be_v make_v in_o for_o hereby_o a_o army_n may_v sometime_o be_v force_v to_o march_v in_o break_a rank_n at_o another_o time_n have_v liberty_n to_o do_v it_o in_o a_o entire_a body_n neither_o can_v the_o place_n of_o the_o baggage_n be_v so_o ascertain_v to_o be_v either_o before_o or_o after_o the_o middle-guard_n but_o that_o in_o some_o case_n it_o may_v better_o be_v order_v in_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o army_n provide_v that_o that_o flank_n be_v the_o secure_a part_n for_o the_o place_n of_o most_o security_n be_v always_o the_o most_o proper_a for_o the_o place_v the_o impediment_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v dislodging_n of_o a_o army_n as_o for_o the_o order_n of_o retreat_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o battalion_n if_o the_o ground_n will_v allow_v it_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o sight_n and_o in_o front_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o rear_n be_v to_o march_v off_o and_o while_o they_o turn_v face_n about_o from_o the_o enemy_n the_o van_n and_o battle_n be_v to_o stand_v their_o ground_n as_o ready_a to_o receive_v all_o charge_n this_o do_v the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n be_v to_o move_v and_o in_o all_o point_n to_o observe_v the_o order_n and_o manner_n fore-practised_n by_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o van_n to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o when_o the_o rear_n and_o middle-guard_n have_v again_o make_v alt_z the_o van_n itself_o be_v to_o retreat_n and_o to_o have_v the_o wing_n of_o the_o horse_n at_o the_o same_o time_n to_o move_v and_o flank_n with_o it_o and_o lest_o the_o enemy_n shall_v charge_v upon_o the_o rear_n some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n with_o some_o cornet_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o man_n it_o and_o thus_o may_v a_o whole_a army_n maintain_v and_o continue_v a_o retreat_n so_o long_o as_o the_o enemy_n shall_v continue_v in_o a_o pursuit_n and_o the_o ground_n be_v a_o champion_n but_o if_o a_o army_n in_o the_o retreat_n the_o enemy_n follow_v be_v to_o pass_v through_o any_o narrow_n as_o upon_o dikes_n through_o lane_n over_o bridge_n in_o this_o case_n assoon_o as_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v enter_v any_o of_o these_o strait_n the_o horse_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o that_o first_o division_n and_o in_o the_o room_n whence_o these_o horse_n depart_v a_o strong_a stand_n of_o pike_n well_o flank_v with_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o make_v it_o good_a against_o the_o enemy_n horse_n and_o to_o stand_v firm_a and_o keep_v their_o ground_n and_o for_o the_o bring_n off_o of_o these_o pike_n and_o shot_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a that_o some_o brest-work_n or_o half_a moon_n or_o both_o be_v cast_v up_o at_o the_o point_n of_o the_o entrance_n upon_o the_o narrow_a wherein_o musqueteer_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v and_o if_o cause_n require_v some_o small_a field-piece_n as_o drake_n or_o the_o like_a to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o his_o approach_n and_o make_v good_a the_o entrance_n the_o which_o small_a piece_n may_v be_v bring_v off_o upon_o the_o narrow_a in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o upon_o their_o proper_a carriage_n with_o their_o muzzle_n towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n to_o be_v guard_v and_o secure_v by_o the_o pike_n in_o who_o rear_n they_o retreat_n now_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o this_o order_n be_v that_o though_o during_o a_o retreat_n in_o a_o champain_n and_o open_a ground_n the_o horse_n may_v be_v order_v to_o come_v up_o and_o retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n because_o with_o a_o small_a wheel_a about_o they_o may_v advantageous_o charge_v the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o flank_n if_o they_o shall_v attempt_v to_o fall_v on_o upon_o that_o rear_n and_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o foot_n also_o with_o face_n about_o may_v the_o while_o receive_v the_o enemy_n charge_v with_o the_o body_n of_o their_o pike_n and_o gall_v they_o with_o the_o shot_n wherewith_o they_o be_v line_v yet_o when_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v in_o any_o straight_a these_o horse_n shall_v then_o best_o secure_v themselves_o by_o wheel_v about_o into_o that_o rear_n of_o the_o division_n of_o foot_n which_o have_v first_o enter_v upon_o that_o straight_a for_o hereby_o a_o stand_n or_o alt_z may_v be_v make_v good_a against_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o pike_n which_o be_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o straight_a and_o these_o pike_n bring_v off_o under_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o field-piece_n and_o musqueteer_n in_o the_o half_a moon_n and_o behind_o the_o brest-work_n former_o mention_v and_o they_o themselves_o bring_v off_o under_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o last_o rear_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o drake_n or_o field-piece_n in_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o to_o be_v secure_v partly_o by_o their_o own_o beat_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o they_o retreat_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o last_o reserve_v of_o pike_n and_o shot_n when_o he_o charge_v home_o and_o the_o want_n of_o the_o make_v use_n of_o this_o order_n in_o our_o retreat_n at_o the_o island_n of_o rey_n be_v the_o visible_a cause_n of_o our_o miscarry_v in_o it_o for_o all_o the_o while_o we_o march_v in_o open_a ground_n though_o all_o our_o horse_n retreat_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o our_o foot_n and_o the_o enemy_n both_o in_o horse_n and_o foot_n double_v our_o number_n yet_o meddle_v they_o not_o with_o we_o but_o make_v alt_z when_o we_o do_v and_o march_v when_o we_o do_v but_o our_o force_n be_v get_v up_o to_o the_o narrow_a of_o the_o dike_n betwixt_o the_o salt_n pan_n and_o our_o van_n and_o middle-guard_n well_o enter_v upon_o the_o dike_n and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n so_o close_o up_o with_o they_o that_o our_o horse_n can_v not_o wheel_v to_o put_v themselves_o betwixt_o the_o rear_n of_o they_o and_o the_o front_n of_o our_o rear_n the_o enemy_n
to_o the_o first_o requirable_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o war_n and_o that_o be_v munition_n it_o remain_v to_o take_v some_o notice_n of_o powder_n and_o victual_v and_o so_o to_o end_v this_o our_o first_o book_n and_o first_o concern_v powder_n of_o which_o i_o shall_v only_o speak_v of_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o and_o the_o lodging_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v get_v for_o the_o choice_n of_o it_o or_o the_o trial_n of_o it_o that_o powder_n which_o be_v lay_v upon_o a_o smooth_a stone_n or_o plank_n or_o the_o like_a have_v fire_n give_v unto_o it_o do_v mount_v upward_o with_o a_o clear_a fire_n and_o flame_n without_o much_o smoke_n and_o without_o leave_v any_o soil_n or_o mark_v upon_o the_o stone_n or_o plank_n may_v be_v receive_v for_o good_a powder_n on_o the_o contrary_a if_o upon_o the_o fire_n there_o remain_v any_o moist_a white_a substance_n somewhat_o bluish_a it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o brimstone_n be_v not_o sufficient_o purify_v wherewith_o that_o powder_n be_v mix_v if_o there_o remain_v any_o grain_n of_o a_o earthly_a colour_n it_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o it_o be_v not_o well_o ground_v nor_o cleanse_v if_o there_o be_v whitish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o salt-peter_n be_v too_o salt_n and_o neither_o well_o ground_v nor_o purify_v if_o there_o be_v see_v any_o red_a or_o tawnyish_a grain_n it_o be_v a_o token_n that_o the_o coal_n be_v not_o well_o prepare_v if_o powder_n some_o small_a quantity_n be_v lay_v upon_o one_o hand_n and_o there_o fire_v offend_v not_o the_o hand_n at_o all_o or_o very_o little_a but_o result_v with_o a_o small_a noise_n or_o puff_n it_o be_v a_o singular_a sign_n of_o excellent_a good_a powder_n as_o for_o the_o way_n of_o trial_n without_o fire_n if_o powder_n be_v bite_v by_o one_o tooth_n taste_v moderate_o salt_n it_o be_v a_o tolerable_a token_n of_o its_o goodness_n if_o it_o be_v of_o colour_n not_o over-black_a nor_o obscure_a but_o somewhat_o tend_v to_o a_o red_a it_o be_v a_o very_a good_a evidence_n of_o good_a powder_n as_o touch_v the_o safe_a lay_n of_o it_o up_o it_o be_v a_o most-necessary_a providence_n for_o the_o order_n of_o powder_n for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o army_n in_o action_n that_o it_o be_v dispose_v into_o two_o or_o three_o several_a place_n and_o many_o magazine_n the_o better_a to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n as_o well_o of_o casual_a fire_n as_o treason_n and_o the_o enemy_n surprise_v and_o for_o the_o safe_a keep_n and_o certain_a security_n of_o it_o in_o town_n and_o especial_o where_o mighty_a magazine_n be_v to_o be_v provide_v it_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o a_o wise_a republic_n to_o lay_v up_o the_o several_a material_n and_o ingredient_n in_o several_a parcel_n as_o the_o salt-peter_n by_o itself_o the_o brimstone_n by_o itself_o and_o the_o coal_n by_o itself_o the_o which_o upon_o all_o occasion_n may_v sudden_o be_v fit_v for_o present_a use_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n all_o the_o hazard_n and_o mischief_n that_o may_v otherwise_o ensue_v be_v absolute_o prevent_v and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o particular_a of_o powder_n as_o for_o that_o of_o victual_n it_o be_v obvious_a to_o every_o judgement_n that_o it_o must_v be_v provide_v according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o length_n of_o the_o march_n and_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o the_o country_n that_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o i_o shall_v therefore_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o course_n of_o conduct_v it_o and_o of_o those_o kind_n of_o people_n that_o be_v to_o sell_v it_o term_v suckler_n for_o the_o order_n of_o conduction_n of_o victual_n to_o or_o for_o a_o army_n especial_o when_o there_o be_v peril_n of_o be_v charge_v by_o a_o enemy_n upon_o the_o way_n command_n be_v to_o be_v give_v that_o all_o the_o disorder_a multitude_n of_o carriage_n and_o wagon_n wherein_o the_o victual_n and_o the_o like_a baggage_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v be_v put_v in_o equipage_n either_o before_o day_n or_o very_o early_a in_o the_o morning_n of_o that_o day_n wherein_o they_o be_v to_o march_v and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n some_o troop_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v send_v out_o to_o discover_v upon_o all_o the_o advennes_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o for_o the_o better_a safeguard_n the_o artillery_n appoint_v for_o their_o guard_n may_v be_v useful_o place_v both_o in_o the_o van_n of_o these_o carriage_n and_o in_o their_o rear_n and_o that_o not_o only_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o enemy_n if_o he_o shall_v approach_v by_o any_o of_o those_o way_n but_o by_o their_o thunder_a to_o give_v notice_n which_o way_n the_o enemy_n come_v that_o so_o the_o soldier_n may_v take_v a_o general_a alarm_n and_o according_a to_o former_a direction_n repair_v to_o the_o part_n that_o shall_v most_o require_v assistance_n both_o side_n of_o the_o way_n also_o where_o the_o cart_n of_o provision_n be_v to_o pass_v be_v to_o be_v guard_v with_o loose_a wing_n of_o horse_n and_o with_o they_o some_o number_n of_o musqueteer_n may_v be_v advantageous_o intermix_v and_o the_o best_a of_o the_o horse_n may_v bring_v up_o the_o rear_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n may_v the_o carriage_n march_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v any_o charge_n diligence_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v use_v that_o such_o way_n of_o march_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v be_v make_v choice_n of_o as_o be_v least_o subject_n to_o ambushment_n and_o that_o whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o come_v to_o blow_n it_o may_v be_v in_o place_n of_o advantage_n to_o which_o end_n either_o altes_n be_v to_o be_v make_v or_o a_o quick_a march_n to_o be_v practise_v as_o cause_n require_v and_o to_o this_o purpose_n also_o good_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o wagon_n in_o stead_n of_o a_o trench_n draw_v the_o soldier_n within_o they_o when_o a_o desperate_a charge_n be_v attempt_v by_o the_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o prime_a conductor_n of_o these_o victualler_n and_o victual_n he_o be_v to_o be_v the_o first_o man_n out_o of_o the_o quarter_n when_o these_o troop_n be_v to_o march_v and_o to_o make_v a_o stand_n and_o to_o take_v a_o view_n of_o they_o all_o and_o to_o hasten_v they_o forward_o and_o when_o they_o be_v wellnear_o all_o pass_v by_o he_o be_v to_o march_v in_o the_o rear_n of_o all_o though_o now_o and_o then_o he_o may_v advance_v before_o into_o such_o part_n as_o he_o conceive_v may_o most_o require_v his_o presence_n but_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o last_o man_n that_o take_v up_o his_o quarter_n he_o be_v also_o to_o observe_v that_o all_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o soldier_n of_o that_o guard_n be_v quarter_v before_o the_o dark_a of_o the_o night_n that_o so_o while_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o daylight_n he_o may_v ride_v round_o about_o the_o quarter_n to_o see_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v sure_a care_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v have_v if_o possible_o it_o may_v be_v that_o intelligence_n be_v get_v from_o the_o inhabitant_n peasant_n as_o well_o of_o the_o way_n as_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o that_o as_o well_o for_o conveniency_n as_o safety_n to_o which_o end_n all_o bridge_n and_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v know_v possess_v and_o guard_v spy_v also_o be_v continual_o to_o be_v employ_v to_o gain_v knowledge_n and_o to_o give_v notice_n of_o the_o enemy_n design_n and_o sentinel_n in_o the_o nighttime_n to_o be_v place_v upon_o all_o avenue_n and_o if_o a_o extraordinary_a strength_n be_v expect_v to_o assault_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o raise_v some_o redoubt_n and_o fort_n upon_o the_o way_n and_o passage_n and_o upon_o all_o place_n where_o a_o enemy_n may_v opportune_o give_v on_o touch_v the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n and_o merchant_n and_o artificer_n which_o follow_v a_o army_n they_o be_v not_o any_o of_o they_o to_o bring_v any_o of_o their_o commodity_n or_o merchandise_n into_o the_o camp_n without_o licence_n from_o the_o general_n who_o be_v to_o command_v to_o have_v they_o well_o view_v lest_o their_o victual_n shall_v be_v corrupt_a and_o infect_v the_o 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be_v better_a able_a and_o provide_v to_o sustain_v the_o enemy_n resistance_n at_o their_o land_n then_o the_o foot_n who_o must_v needs_o be_v much_o encumber_a and_o tire_v by_o their_o wade_v through_o the_o water_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o ford_n be_v broad_a or_o deep_a and_o beside_o the_o horse_n thus_o march_v in_o front_n shall_v opportune_o discover_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o passage_n where_o it_o be_v at_o best_a and_o worst_a and_o may_v also_o be_v ready_a to_o relieve_v and_o succour_v any_o of_o the_o foot_n that_o by_o any_o accident_n may_v be_v endanger_v in_o the_o water_n and_o this_o be_v caesar_n order_n in_o his_o british_a war_n in_o his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n of_o thames_n and_o at_o the_o river_n sicoris_n in_o his_o spanish_n war._n and_o if_o the_o ford_n be_v deep_a and_o withal_o of_o a_o swift_a current_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o place_v a_o great_a number_n both_o of_o horse_n and_o other_o great_a cattle_n as_o well_o above_o 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procure_v but_o withal_o whatsoever_o the_o bridge_n be_v or_o howsoever_o contrive_v it_o be_v to_o be_v receive_v for_o a_o maxim_n that_o whensoever_o a_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v over_o any_o of_o they_o and_o the_o enemy_n within_o the_o distance_n of_o half_a a_o day_n march_v no_o part_n of_o the_o army_n ought_v to_o be_v sever_v from_o the_o main_a body_n that_o no_o advantage_n may_v be_v take_v by_o the_o enemy_n to_o intercept_v or_o come_v between_o they_o and_o their_o friend_n and_o this_o hold_v not_o only_o in_o the_o passage_n by_o bridge_n but_o by_o boat_n or_o ford_n or_o any_o other_o and_o thus_o you_o have_v direction_n for_o the_o marshal_n of_o army_n in_o a_o march_n and_o these_o well_o observe_v though_o a_o army_n shall_v be_v force_v to_o march_v even_o by_o night_n need_v no_o other_o addition_n save_v only_o that_o extraordinary_a care_n be_v have_v in_o provide_v a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o able_a guide_n which_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v throughout_o the_o whole_a army_n that_o a_o well_o choose_a watchword_n be_v give_v whereby_o every_o piece_n and_o individual_a person_n may_v be_v know_v one_o to_o another_o that_o many_o altes_n be_v make_v to_o hold_v all_o the_o part_n together_o and_o no_o straggler_n lose_v that_o the_o quantity_n and_o length_n of_o the_o march_n be_v so_o lay_v and_o with_o that_o discretion_n limit_v that_o the_o soldier_n be_v neither_o disable_v by_o overlong_a journey_n nor_o opportunity_n lose_v by_o sickness_n and_o last_o that_o especial_a endeavour_n be_v practise_v to_o procure_v good_a intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n proceed_n as_o for_o such_o march_n as_o be_v to_o be_v make_v over_o mountain_n through_o wood_n and_o boggy_a and_o marish_a ground_n and_o the_o like_a it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v that_o any_o certainty_n can_v be_v prescribe_v as_o touch_v their_o form_n for_o they_o be_v to_o be_v accommodate_v to_o the_o ground_n and_o way_n that_o necessity_n throw_v they_o upon_o and_o common_o be_v extend_v in_o great_a length_n make_v passable_a by_o the_o labour_n of_o pioner_n but_o best_o secure_v by_o vigilancy_n chap._n viii_o of_o the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o order_v a_o royal_a army_n to_o battle_n the_o leader_n in_o this_o order_n where_o to_o place_v themselves_o and_o who_o to_o be_v a_o censure_n of_o the_o defect_n of_o this_o order_n former_o describe_v of_o the_o general_n place_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o rear_n the_o best_a place_n for_o the_o general_n in_o a_o battle_n of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o horse_n with_o the_o light-armed_n or_o musqueteer_n of_o the_o longbow_n how_o to_o be_v order_v and_o employ_v wherein_o it_o be_v preferable_a and_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o the_o musket_n how_o the_o horse_n be_v most_o advantageous_o order_v and_o place_v in_o a_o battle_n the_o best_a form_n and_o proportion_n of_o horse-battel_n the_o censure_n upon_o these_o form_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o the_o depth_n that_o horse-battel_n be_v to_o be_v order_v into_o of_o some_o word_n of_o command_n both_o to_o horse_n and_o foot_n of_o double_v file_n and_o rank_n and_o the_o use_n of_o they_o a_o modern_a form_n of_o order_v a_o fight_n much_o approve_v of_o why_o a_o army_n be_v thus_o to_o be_v order_v objection_n answer_v in_o the_o last_o forego_v chapter_n we_o propound_v some_o direction_n how_o army_n be_v to_o march_v in_o this_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o form_n of_o embattel_v they_o to_o fight_v and_o shall_v purposely_o omit_v many_o sort_n of_o they_o as_o be_v to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n save_v to_o express_v the_o cunning_a of_o a_o curious_a serjeant-major-general_n and_o to_o please_v wanton_a spectator_n but_o shall_v apply_v myself_o to_o such_o as_o be_v most_o of_o use_n the_o customary_a way_n of_o order_v a_o army-royal_a to_o a_o battle_n as_o well_o ancient_o as_o more_o modern_o have_v be_v to_o divide_v it_o into_o three_o battalia_fw-la or_o main_a body_n and_o these_o three_o body_n have_v be_v and_o yet_o be_v by_o some_o nation_n order_v into_o one_o joint_a phalanx_n by_o other_o distribute_v into_o maniple_n or_o small_a division_n between_o which_o division_n for_o the_o prevention_n of_o some_o confusion_n they_o leave_v interval_n or_o distance_n that_o by_o they_o and_o through_o they_o one_o battle_n or_o body_n may_v the_o more_o convenient_o second_v the_o other_o and_o the_o breadth_n and_o depth_n of_o these_o maniple_n be_v to_o be_v make_v answerable_a to_o the_o enemy_n force_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o ground_n but_o with_o such_o distance_n that_o if_o the_o vanguard_n shall_v happen_v to_o be_v break_v it_o may_v convenient_o retreat_v through_o they_o behind_o the_o battle_n which_o thereupon_o be_v to_o join_v and_o advance_v and_o so_o to_o renew_v the_o front_n and_o receive_v the_o enemy_n afresh_o and_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n upon_o the_o like_a occasion_n be_v the_o battle_n to_o do_v behind_o the_o rear_n and_o as_o the_o one_o body_n be_v thus_o relieve_v by_o another_o so_o may_v one_o maniple_n by_o another_o and_o that_o without_o either_o the_o advance_n or_o retire_v of_o the_o whole_a body_n as_o for_o the_o leader_n of_o these_o several_a body_n those_o of_o the_o vanguard_n be_v to_o be_v the_o lord_n marshal_n with_o the_o one_o half_a of_o the_o colonel_n and_o half_a of_o the_o captain_n have_v the_o best_a man_n in_o the_o front_n and_o in_o a_o retreat_n the_o same_o man_n be_v to_o bring_v up_o that_o rear_n the_o leader_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o of_o the_o rear_n be_v to_o be_v the_o other_o half_a of_o the_o colonel_n and_o captaius_n as_o for_o the_o generalissimo_n place_n according_a to_o this_o order_n it_o be_v to_o be_v between_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o
extreme_o and_o especial_o the_o infantry_n part_n and_o ten_o to_o one_o in_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o artillery_n and_o baggage_n and_o all_o this_o do_v without_o any_o great_a or_o remarkable_a disturbance_n or_o harass_v to_o the_o pursue_a army_n who_o very_a horse_n alone_o be_v to_o put_v hard_a to_o it_o upon_o the_o chase_n the_o foot_n have_v liberty_n to_o march_v fair_a and_o easy_o after_o and_o may_v come_v time_n enough_o nevertheless_o to_o fall_v up_o with_o the_o fly_a enemy_n be_v thus_o retard_v by_o the_o horse_n and_o i_o be_o confirm_v in_o this_o opinion_n by_o sundry_a precedent_n among_o which_o two_o be_v very_o punctual_a set_v down_o by_o that_o able_a french_a commander_n la_fw-fr nove_n in_o the_o domestic_a war_n of_o france_n during_o his_o time_n be_v the_o one_o of_o they_o that_o siege_n of_o poitiers_n which_o become_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o army_n of_o those_o of_o the_o religion_n after_o their_o victory_n at_o rochebelle_n the_o other_o that_o of_o st._n jean_n d'angelie_o which_o prove_v the_o like_a to_o the_o french_a papistical_a army_n after_o their_o victory_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o moncontour_n whereas_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o king_n of_o sweden_n after_o all_o his_o gain_a battle_n do_v hot_o and_o thorough_o pursue_v the_o utter_a overthrow_n of_o his_o enemy_n scatter_v troop_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o that_o neglect_v or_o at_o the_o least_o suspend_v the_o take_n in_o of_o any_o of_o the_o neighbour_n town_n whereabout_o the_o battle_n be_v fight_v and_o by_o this_o course_n prevail_v to_o admiration_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v this_o great_a controvert_v point_n whether_o after_o a_o victory_n in_o the_o field_n the_o rout_v army_n be_v to_o be_v pursue_v to_o a_o utter_a ruin_n or_o the_o victory_n to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o the_o besiege_n of_o some_o town_n belong_v to_o that_o beat_a side_n as_o for_o the_o mercy_n that_o upon_o the_o attainment_n of_o a_o victory_n be_v to_o be_v show_v to_o the_o captive_n general_o receive_v under_o the_o name_n of_o give_v good_a quarter_n and_o by_o the_o french_a call_v bonne_fw-fr guerre_fw-fr it_o prohibit_v not_o only_o the_o kill_n and_o murder_v of_o any_o much_o less_o of_o woman_n and_o child_n or_o the_o slay_v of_o any_o in_o cold_a blood_n or_o the_o not_o receive_v such_o to_o mercy_n that_o be_v the_o not_o give_v of_o they_o their_o life_n who_o shall_v give_v up_o themselves_o and_o their_o arm_n prisoner_n after_o the_o fight_n be_v over_o but_o also_o all_o base_a and_o bar_n barous_a ravishment_n of_o woman_n and_o the_o like_a cruelty_n and_o withal_o as_o it_o be_v now_o in_o practice_n in_o our_o neighbour-war_n all_o prisoner_n be_v enroll_v soldier_n be_v to_o be_v free_v at_o the_o ransom_n of_o a_o month_n pay_v according_a to_o their_o several_a condition_n but_o this_o general_a rule_n be_v not_o without_o some_o exception_n for_o if_o the_o governor_n of_o a_o besiege_a town_n or_o fort_n shall_v defend_v the_o place_n he_o command_v so_o obstinate_o that_o it_o be_v storm_v and_o enter_v by_o force_n and_o so_o by_o a_o assault_n take_v and_o hereupon_o he_o yield_v himself_o after_o the_o heat_n and_o violence_n of_o the_o fight_n be_v over_o to_o a_o private_a soldier_n it_o shall_v nevertheless_o be_v lawful_a without_o any_o breach_n of_o quarter_n for_o the_o general_n of_o the_o assault_a army_n to_o make_v he_o die_v because_o this_o his_o obstinate_a and_o wilful_a defence_n be_v a_o trespass_n against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n and_o the_o whole_a army_n and_o can_v be_v privilege_v by_o any_o condition_n with_o a_o private_a person_n also_o if_o a_o private_a soldier_n shall_v give_v quarter_n to_o any_o fugitive_n or_o spy_n or_o any_o one_o that_o have_v at_o any_o time_n practise_v foul_a war_n or_o break_a quarter_n or_o to_o any_o other_o which_o have_v former_o deserve_v death_n for_o some_o capital_a offence_n it_o be_v at_o the_o general_n pleasure_n whether_o this_o shall_v be_v make_v good_a unto_o he_o or_o not_o likewise_o if_o during_o the_o fight_n of_o a_o battle_n many_o prisoner_n have_v quarter_n give_v they_o upon_o the_o rout_v of_o some_o part_n of_o that_o army_n and_o afterward_o some_o part_n and_o division_n of_o it_o as_o the_o battle_n or_o the_o rear_n hold_v firm_a give_v on_o so_o stout_o as_o that_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o day_n incline_v to_o a_o change_n and_o those_o that_o have_v the_o best_a of_o it_o at_o the_o first_o begin_v to_o be_v shake_v and_o in_o danger_n it_o shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v hold_v no_o cruelty_n nor_o breach_n of_o quarter_n though_o those_o prisoner_n that_o be_v take_v at_o the_o first_o and_o have_v quarter_n promise_v be_v present_o slay_v in_o the_o field_n by_o such_o as_o take_v they_o because_o otherwise_o they_o may_v endanger_v those_o that_o take_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o ask_v more_o hand_n for_o their_o safe_a keep_n then_o the_o exigent_n will_v allow_v to_o be_v idle_a and_o thus_o befall_v it_o in_o one_o of_o our_o brave_a battle_n with_o the_o french_a in_o france_n where_o the_o french_a prisoner_n which_o be_v take_v at_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o battle_n upon_o quarter_n which_o be_v very_o many_o and_o many_o of_o note_n upon_o a_o second_o charge_v give_v by_o the_o duke_n d'alenzon_n be_v all_o command_v to_o be_v slay_v which_o cost_v the_o french_a double_o dear_a the_o loss_n of_o all_o their_o prisoner_n and_o the_o utter_a rout_v of_o their_o puissant_a army_n it_o be_v think_v also_o by_o some_o that_o the_o subject_n of_o a_o state_n neutral_a that_o shall_v entertain_v traffic_n with_o a_o enemy_n to_o another_o state_n may_v by_o that_o state_n be_v make_v prize_n and_o no_o quarter_n to_o be_v give_v they_o at_o least_o lest_o in_o point_n of_o good_n for_o say_v they_o though_o they_o do_v not_o this_o out_o of_o any_o affection_n of_o either_o love_n or_o hatred_n but_o only_o to_o make_v their_o benefit_n and_o not_o to_o any_o propose_a relief_n yet_o do_v this_o transport_n of_o merchandise_n prove_v a_o plain_a and_o direct_a aid_n and_o in_o that_o regard_n howsoever_o bring_v to_o the_o enemy_n deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v with_o confiscation_n at_o the_o least_o because_o that_o out_o of_o they_o custom_n and_o impost_n be_v raise_v whereby_o their_o war_n be_v maintain_v but_o of_o the_o right_n of_o this_o i_o make_v a_o querie_n think_v it_o rather_o to_o be_v understand_v only_o of_o munition_n and_o material_n of_o that_o nature_n for_o otherwise_o it_o must_v necessary_o overthrow_v all_o manner_n of_o trade_n and_o set_v the_o whole_a world_n together_o by_o the_o ear_n touch_v such_o order_n as_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o take_n of_o prisoner_n by_o those_o taht_v take_v they_o i_o find_v they_o to_o have_v be_v these_o by_o those_o of_o our_o own_o nation_n that_o if_o any_o common_a soldier_n do_v take_v a_o prisoner_n and_o another_o come_n up_o at_o the_o same_o time_n shall_v challenge_v the_o half_a of_o his_o ransom_n or_o else_o threaten_v to_o kill_v the_o prisoner_n the_o menacer_n be_v to_o have_v no_o part_n at_o all_o of_o it_o no_o though_o the_o taker_n of_o he_o have_v make_v he_o any_o such_o promise_n and_o if_o the_o menacer_n do_v kill_v the_o prisoner_n he_o shall_v be_v under_o arrest_n with_o the_o marshal_n until_o he_o compound_v with_o the_o party_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o his_o prisoner_n and_o beside_o he_o be_v to_o forfeit_v his_o horse_n and_o arm_n to_o the_o constable_n that_o if_o any_o soldier_n in_o any_o fight_n do_v beat_v down_o any_o one_o of_o the_o enemy_n and_o so_o leave_v he_o pursue_v on_o in_o the_o chase_n or_o fight_v and_o another_o come_v up_o after_o he_o and_o take_v the_o same_o man_n prisoner_n this_o prisoner_n thus_o beat_v down_o and_o thus_o take_v when_o he_o be_v to_o be_v ransom_v be_v to_o pay_v the_o one_o half_a of_o his_o ransom_n to_o he_o that_o first_o strike_v he_o down_o and_o the_o other_o half_a to_o he_o that_o take_v he_o prisoner_n that_o whosoever_o he_o be_v that_o take_v any_o prisoner_n he_o be_v as_o soon_o as_o possible_o he_o can_v to_o present_v he_o to_o his_o captain_n or_o commander_n upon_o the_o penalty_n of_o lose_v his_o part_n of_o the_o prisoner_n ransom_n to_o the_o say_a captain_n or_o commander_n and_o the_o captain_n or_o commander_n to_o present_v this_o prisoner_n to_o the_o general_n constable_n or_o marshal_n of_o the_o army_n before_o any_o other_o speak_v with_o he_o that_o so_o his_o examination_n may_v be_v due_o take_v and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v under_o the_o penalty_n of_o lose_v his_o three_o of_o the_o prisoner_n ransom_n which_o otherwise_o be_v due_a unto_o he_o by_o
signal_n to_o his_o carthaginian_n who_o lie_v prepare_v and_o ambush_v for_o the_o purpose_n and_o sudden_o and_o fierce_o set_v upon_o the_o sally_v roman_n not_o only_o force_v such_o as_o be_v near_o home_o to_o retire_v themselves_o into_o their_o hold_n but_o lay_v on_o the_o ground_n all_o the_o forward_a and_o best_a of_o their_o man_n so_o that_o they_o dare_v not_o issue_v out_o a_o second_o time_n but_o be_v constrain_v to_o suffer_v hannibal_n to_o make_v his_o approach_n at_o pleasure_n whereby_o he_o force_v the_o place_n and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o stratagem_n to_o draw_v soldier_n into_o a_o overdare_n so_o that_o which_o follow_v be_v to_o win_v they_o into_o a_o over-securitie_n and_o be_v act_v in_o this_o manner_n antiochus_n the_o great_a in_o his_o minority_n be_v whole_o govern_v by_o one_o hermias_n a_o ambitious_a man_n and_o a_o maligner_n of_o virtue_n at_o the_o same_o time_n one_o molo_n the_o king_n lieutenant_n in_o media_n be_v break_v out_o into_o a_o rebellion_n and_o seek_v to_o make_v himself_o lord_n of_o that_o province_n antiochus_n be_v enter_v at_o the_o same_o time_n into_o a_o war_n with_o ptolemy_n philopater_n the_o egyptian_a king_n be_v counsel_v by_o his_o minion_n hermias_n who_o have_v put_v he_o upon_o the_o egyptian_a war_n to_o send_v against_o this_o rebel_n who_o be_v but_o a_o captain_n a_o captain_n that_o be_v faithful_a but_o himself_o to_o go_v in_o person_n against_o the_o king_n of_o egypt_n who_o be_v a_o king_n like_o himself_o hereupon_o one_o xenetas_n a_o achaean_n by_o hermias_n his_o choice_n and_o preferment_n be_v send_v with_o a_o army_n against_o the_o rebel_n molo_n while_o the_o king_n antiochus_n himself_o march_v against_o the_o egyptian_a this_o xenetas_n draw_v near_a unto_o the_o river_n tigris_n with_o his_o army_n on_o the_o other_o side_n whereof_o the_o rebel_n lie_v to_o hinder_v his_o passage_n make_v a_o show_n as_o if_o he_o will_v pass_v the_o river_n by_o boat_n in_o the_o very_a face_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o leave_v so_o many_o only_a as_o he_o think_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v his_o camp_n he_o himself_o with_o the_o flower_n and_o strength_n of_o his_o army_n pass_v over_o tigris_n in_o a_o place_n ten_o mile_n low_a than_o where_o molo_n lie_v entrench_v who_o hear_v of_o it_o send_v out_o his_o horse_n to_o give_v impediment_n but_o find_v that_o xenetas_n can_v not_o be_v stop_v he_o practise_v this_o ensue_a stratagem_n to_o draw_v his_o enemy_n into_o a_o snare_n of_o security_n he_o no_o soon_o find_v that_o xenetas_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n march_v towards_o he_o but_o present_o he_o dislodge_v make_v a_o show_n of_o take_v a_o hasty_a journey_n homeward_o and_o to_o possess_v the_o enemy_n that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o a_o fear_n he_o withal_o leave_v all_o his_o baggage_n and_o victual_n behind_o in_o his_o camp_n xenetas_n hear_v of_o this_o his_o retreat_n easy_o suffer_v himself_o more_o like_o a_o courtier_n then_o a_o soldier_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o enemy_n dare_v not_o so_o much_o as_o look_v he_o in_o the_o face_n and_o the_o rather_o in_o that_o he_o be_v inform_v that_o he_o have_v leave_v his_o forsake_a camp_n well_o store_v with_o victual_n and_o booty_n whereupon_o hasty_o march_v thitherward_o and_o find_v it_o to_o his_o expectation_n he_o not_o only_o suffer_v his_o man_n to_o feast_v and_o drink_v to_o their_o full_a but_o invite_v and_o command_v they_o to_o do_v so_o make_v proclamation_n that_o they_o shall_v cherish_v up_o themselves_o against_o the_o march_n that_o he_o intend_v to_o begin_v the_o next_o day_n in_o pursuit_n of_o the_o fly_a rebel_n but_o molo_n who_o remove_v no_o far_o the_o first_o day_n than_o he_o can_v easy_o make_v back_o again_o the_o same_o night_n understand_v what_o good_a rule_n the_o king_n man_n keep_v with_o his_o victual_n make_v such_o a_o speedy_a and_o oportune_a return_n that_o he_o come_v upon_o they_o early_o in_o the_o morning_n while_o they_o be_v yet_o in_o their_o wine_n and_o cheer_v with_o his_o full_a force_n and_o give_v they_o a_o lusty_a camisado_fw-it so_o confound_v they_o amid_o their_o pot_n that_o their_o general_n xenetas_n with_o a_o very_a few_o beside_o die_v fight_v the_o rest_n be_v slaughter_v ere_o they_o can_v find_v their_o arm_n and_o the_o most_o of_o they_o before_o they_o be_v perfect_o awake_a and_o recover_v of_o their_o wine_n leave_v by_o their_o over-securitie_n a_o absolute_a victory_n to_o their_o subtle_a enemy_n and_o because_o it_o be_v a_o requirable_a providence_n after_o a_o general_n have_v obtain_v a_o victory_n and_o receive_v his_o enemy_n upon_o quarter_n be_v it_o either_o in_o a_o town_n new_o take_v in_o or_o in_o the_o field_n to_o be_v wary_a of_o a_o over-confidence_n in_o their_o faith_n and_o loyalty_n especial_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v near_o but_o rather_o by_o all_o search_a way_n to_o discover_v if_o it_o be_v possible_a their_o very_a heart_n that_o stratagem_n which_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v practise_v by_o the_o spaniard_n at_o their_o take_n of_o the_o city_n verona_n from_o the_o venetian_n may_v serve_v for_o a_o precedent_n for_o the_o future_a in_o the_o like_a case_n which_o be_v this_o the_o venetian_a army_n lie_v near_o unto_o the_o town_n which_o be_v not_o long_o before_o take_v in_o by_o the_o spaniard_n upon_o composition_n the_o spanish_a governor_n aim_v to_o understand_v how_o the_o burgher_n and_o citizen_n in_o general_n stand_v affect_v to_o their_o old_a patron_n the_o venetian_n give_v secret_a order_n to_o the_o spanish_a garrison_n that_o be_v in_o guard_n of_o the_o town_n that_o in_o the_o dead_a of_o the_o night_n when_o the_o townsman_n be_v asleep_a they_o shall_v run_v to_o and_o fro_o about_o the_o city_n and_o cry_v out_o st._n mark_n st._n mark_n as_o if_o the_o town_n have_v be_v surprise_v by_o the_o venetian_n the_o which_o cry_v be_v ready_o answer_v by_o as_o many_o of_o the_o citizen_n as_o secret_o favour_v 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in_o their_o sally_n and_o the_o one_o part_n of_o the_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o these_o counter-approache_n be_v to_o be_v cast_v up_o towards_o the_o enemy_n work_v and_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v carry_v into_o the_o town_n for_o munition-earth_n as_o for_o sally_n whensoever_o they_o be_v to_o be_v practise_v by_o night_n a_o sure_a course_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o intelligence_n be_v get_v how_o the_o enemy_n be_v lodge_v that_o they_o may_v be_v bring_v on_o according_o if_o they_o be_v to_o be_v make_v by_o day_n it_o must_v always_o be_v do_v upon_o a_o sure_a advantage_n and_o a_o strict_a injunction_n that_o they_o pass_v not_o beyond_o the_o distance_n of_o a_o reserve_v to_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o shot_n of_o the_o town_n and_o thus_o by_o these_o sally_n discreet_o make_v the_o carry_v of_o gallery_n and_o traverse_n intend_v by_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v hinder_v from_o be_v bring_v over_o the_o ditch_n and_o the_o like_a may_v also_o be_v do_v by_o 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ditch_n or_o increase_v the_o scarp_n the_o enemy_n mine_n may_v be_v frustrate_v either_o by_o countermine_n or_o by_o battery_n from_o the_o opposite_a flank_n or_o by_o wet_n of_o the_o powder_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o the_o mine_n or_o by_o give_v vent_n unto_o the_o mine_n and_o either_o of_o these_o may_v be_v do_v when_o the_o place_n of_o the_o mine_n be_v discover_v and_o it_o may_v be_v discover_v by_o the_o use_n of_o a_o long_o pierce_a such_o as_o be_v common_o use_v in_o the_o prove_v and_o search_n after_o cole-mine_n the_o enemy_n assault_n though_o they_o can_v be_v absolute_o restrain_v yet_o may_v be_v sustain_v either_o by_o the_o cannon_n secure_v in_o flank_n and_o full_o regarding_a the_o breach_n be_v continual_o well_o ply_v during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o assault_n or_o by_o a_o counter-mure_n who_o platform_n ought_v to_o be_v straight_o and_o the_o flank_n so_o contrive_v that_o one_o may_v not_o endamage_v the_o other_o or_o by_o mine_n as_o well_o 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quit_n of_o the_o siege_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n from_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n where_o sergius_n galba_n be_v send_v to_o make_v good_a a_o certain_a passage_n of_o the_o alps_o and_o to_o that_o purpose_n resolve_v to_o winter_n in_o the_o part_n be_v sudden_o besiege_v and_o assault_v in_o his_o stand_a camp_n by_o the_o native_a inhabitant_n and_o be_v so_o over-pressed_n with_o multitude_n that_o no_o hope_n of_o long_a defence_n remain_v by_o the_o advice_n of_o caius_n volusenus_n the_o besiege_a roman_n break_v out_o through_o all_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o assault_v camp_n on_o such_o a_o sudden_a and_o with_o such_o a_o courage_n and_o alacrity_n that_o they_o give_v the_o assail_a enemy_n no_o leisure_n to_o consider_v of_o what_o be_v do_v nor_o to_o satisfy_v their_o judgement_n and_o apprehension_n upon_o so_o unexpected_a a_o motion_n so_o that_o the_o face_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v sudden_o change_v the_o roman_n say_v the_o story_n find_v the_o mean_n to_o slay_v more_o than_o the_o three_o part_n of_o thirty_o thousand_o man_n and_o absolute_o rout_v all_o the_o rest_n and_o if_o a_o garrison_n or_o army_n be_v besiege_v in_o a_o haven-town_n the_o port_n be_v open_a to_o seaward_o shall_v be_v so_o force_v upon_o by_o a_o over-potent_a enemy_n as_o that_o the_o place_n must_v needs_o be_v forsake_v the_o safe_a course_n to_o do_v this_o consist_v in_o some_o work_n to_o be_v make_v within_o the_o town_n and_o these_o work_n may_v be_v of_o three_o sort_n either_o by_o mure_v and_o barricado_n up_o the_o entrance_n and_o end_n of_o the_o street_n and_o lane_n which_o may_v give_v access_n to_o the_o enemy_n or_o by_o sink_v some_o ditch_n or_o trench_n across_o those_o way_n and_o passage_n which_o may_v also_o be_v stick_v full_a of_o sharp_a stake_n and_o calthrop_n cover_v and_o shadow_v over_o with_o light_n and_o thin_a hurdle_n that_o the_o assail_a enemy_n may_v not_o heed_v they_o or_o to_o hedge_v in_o all_o such_o avenue_n as_o lead_v unto_o the_o port_n with_o a_o strong_a pallizado_n as_o for_o the_o course_n of_o conveyance_n of_o the_o soldier_n out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o shipboard_n it_o must_v be_v carry_v with_o as_o little_a show_n of_o fear_n as_o may_v be_v and_o by_o the_o stay_n and_o show_v of_o some_o of_o the_o light_a arm_a man_n here_o and_o there_o upon_o the_o wall_n and_o bulwork_n to_o make_v a_o semblance_n of_o a_o long_o hold_v out_o of_o the_o place_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n may_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o least_o intention_n of_o a_o retreat_n and_o these_o last_o reserve_n of_o man_n be_v to_o be_v call_v off_o upon_o the_o give_n of_o a_o word_n after_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n be_v embark_v without_o noise_n or_o tumult_n and_o of_o this_o also_o we_o find_v a_o precedent_n during_o the_o civil_a war_n between_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n who_o be_v besiege_v by_o caesar_n in_o brundisium_n punctual_o practise_v this_o course_n and_o safe_o ship_v all_o the_o remainder_n of_o his_o force_n into_o greece_n where_o most_o of_o his_o legion_n be_v before_o and_o this_o he_o do_v without_o loss_n or_o trouble_n although_o caesar_n do_v his_o best_a to_o prevent_v it_o and_o sure_o have_v we_o do_v the_o like_a at_o the_o isse_fw-la of_o rey_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n ship_v our_o man_n at_o the_o town_n of_o st._n martin_n and_o not_o march_v over_o into_o the_o small_a island_n of_o loiz_n by_o land_n in_o all_o likelihood_n we_o have_v escape_v that_o blow_n and_o have_v come_v more_o fair_o off_o in_o that_o our_o unlucky_a descent_n chap._n xii_o of_o the_o expugnation_n of_o fort_n how_o by_o a_o escalade_n either_o in_o the_o night_n or_o day_n the_o bridge_n for_o a_o escalade_n how_o order_v of_o surprise_v by_o the_o use_n of_o petard_n of_o approach_n upon_o a_o besiege_a town_n of_o gallery_n use_v in_o sieges_n batteries_n how_o to_o be_v make_v and_o preserve_v and_o thus_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o of_o all_o the_o way_n and_o practice_n defensive_a in_o a_o war_n we_o shall_v now_o do_v the_o same_o touch_v the_o course_n of_o offence_n and_o first_o of_o all_o this_o aught_o to_o be_v receive_v as_o a_o maxim_n that_o whosoever_o intend_v to_o expugn_v any_o place_n whatsoever_o be_v to_o be_v at_o that_o present_a in_o that_o part_n master_n of_o the_o field_n he_o ought_v also_o to_o be_v well_o inform_v of_o the_o situation_n strength_n and_o provision_n of_o all_o kind_n wherewith_o the_o place_n he_o mean_v to_o besiege_v be_v furnish_v as_o in_o particular_a with_o what_o kind_n of_o ordinance_n and_o how_o many_o with_o what_o quantity_n of_o provision_n as_o well_o for_o defence_n as_o in_o point_n of_o victual_n a_o
true_a and_o perfect_a designation_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v procure_v of_o the_o wall_n fortification_n bulwork_n and_o bastion_n of_o the_o strong_a and_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o place_n as_o also_o of_o the_o most_o minable_a and_o unminable_a part_n and_o if_o he_o aim_v to_o attempt_v it_o by_o surprise_n that_o it_o be_v resolve_v with_o judgement_n and_o execute_v with_o diligence_n and_o resolution_n and_o in_o particular_a if_o by_o way_n of_o escalade_n or_o scaling_n either_o by_o day_n or_o night_n that_o perfect_a information_n be_v get_v of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o ditch_n as_o whether_o it_o be_v fill_v with_o a_o stand_a water_n or_o a_o currant_n whether_o it_o have_v a_o counter-scarp_a or_o not_o on_o the_o innermost_a side_n if_o it_o have_v a_o counter-scarp_a and_o the_o water_n in_o the_o ditch_n be_v a_o current_n the_o course_n by_o way_n of_o a_o escalade_n may_v be_v by_o the_o provision_n of_o a_o dozen_o of_o light_a bridge_n make_v with_o two_o 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occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o this_o purpose_n but_o if_o a_o surprise_n be_v intend_v by_o the_o use_n of_o a_o petard_n one_o approve_a course_n may_v be_v by_o fasten_v the_o petard_n to_o the_o end_n of_o the_o mast_n of_o a_o ship_n much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o small_a barrel_n of_o gun_n be_v lay_v into_o stock_n of_o wood_n at_o the_o other_o end_n of_o which_o mast_n be_v to_o be_v hang_v a_o weight_n counterpoise_v the_o petard_n that_o so_o it_o may_v be_v direct_v and_o move_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n and_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o mast_n be_v certain_a wheel_n to_o be_v fasten_v equal_a to_o the_o wheel_n of_o the_o carriage_n of_o a_o cannon_n behind_o these_o wheel_n when_o the_o petard_n be_v bring_v to_o the_o part_n where_o it_o be_v to_o do_v execution_n impediment_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v to_o prevent_v all_o reverse_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v bring_v up_o as_o close_o to_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v to_o work_v as_o possible_o may_v be_v and_o against_o the_o time_n of_o give_v fire_n to_o the_o petard_n provision_n must_v be_v make_v of_o a_o draw-bridge_n to_o supply_v the_o place_n of_o a_o draw-bridge_n belong_v to_o the_o town_n that_o be_v to_o be_v attempt_v if_o it_o shall_v be_v break_v down_o or_o draw_v up_o and_o thus_o much_o only_o touch_v such_o attempt_n as_o be_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o a_o town_n of_o war_n by_o way_n of_o surprise_n but_o if_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o encamp_n observation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v that_o the_o army_n be_v lodge_v and_o entrench_v with_o such_o judgement_n that_o the_o quarter_n on_o all_o side_n and_o at_o all_o time_n secure_a and_o second_v one_o another_o and_o withal_o be_v so_o well_o unite_v that_o they_o may_v both_o repel_v the_o enemy_n in_o campagnia_fw-la if_o he_o shall_v offer_v to_o fall_v on_o that_o way_n and_o to_o maintain_v themselves_o withal_o against_o the_o besiege_a town_n as_o for_o the_o approach_n upon_o the_o town_n itself_o they_o be_v to_o be_v begin_v somewhat_o beyond_o the_o distance_n of_o musquet-shot_a from_o the_o town_n wall_n except_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n afford_v other_o advantage_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v forward_o to_o the_o ditch_n and_o then_o through_o the_o ditch_n to_o the_o face_n of_o the_o bulwark_n and_o rather_o to_o the_o bulwark_n than_o the_o curtain_n especial_o if_o the_o besiege_a town_n be_v any_o thing_n large_a because_o the_o curtain_n be_v guard_v with_o more_o than_o one_o flanker_n whereas_o the_o bulwark_n be_v only_o with_o one_o and_o in_o the_o make_n of_o these_o approach_n these_o particular_n that_o follow_v be_v always_o to_o be_v observe_v first_o that_o all_o the_o earth_n take_v out_o of_o the_o trench_n be_v throw_v towards_o the_o town_n besiege_v second_o that_o these_o trench_n lie_v not_o open_a to_o any_o part_n of_o the_o town_n either_o in_o front_n or_o flank_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v by_o carry_v of_o the_o line_n of_o the_o approach_v full_o without_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n towards_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v approach_v and_o withal_o by_o make_v they_o deep_a below_o the_o line_n to_o six_o foot_n and_o not_o broad_a in_o the_o bottom_n then_o to_o twenty_o foot_n three_o that_o all_o these_o approach_n flank_v one_o another_o which_o be_v do_v by_o make_v of_o many_o trench_n all_o le_fw-fr forbici_n every_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o be_v to_o the_o length_n of_o thirty_o or_o forty_o pace_n four_o that_o every_o trench_n be_v provide_v with_o some_o small_a work_n for_o the_o lodging_n of_o a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr gardiner_n and_o these_o be_v to_o be_v cast_v up_o at_o the_o end_n and_o mid-part_n of_o the_o trench_n five_o that_o at_o the_o head_n of_o every_o approach_n a_o small_a fort_n be_v contrive_v capable_a to_o lodge_v so_o many_o soldier_n as_o may_v repulse_v any_o sally_n six_o that_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o trench_n be_v deep_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o they_o so_o to_o preserve_v they_o from_o be_v discover_v from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o town_n seven_o that_o the_o cut_n into_o the_o counter-scarp_a be_v under_o ground_n and_o not_o direct_o embocque_v with_o any_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n eighthly_a that_o those_o approach_n which_o be_v carry_v through_o the_o ditch_n to_o the_o wall_n be_v make_v of_o matter_n incombustible_a and_o withal_o be_v of_o force_n to_o resist_v any_o battery_n from_o the_o flank_n which_o regard_v they_o and_o this_o be_v to_o be_v do_v by_o traverse_n if_o the_o ditch_n be_v dry_a and_o by_o gallery_n if_o it_o be_v wet_a and_o these_o gallery_n be_v to_o be_v reduce_v into_o member_n or_o part_n
shot_n in_o their_o front_n the_o better_a to_o give_v fire_n continual_o upon_o the_o breach_n until_o the_o arm_a man_n have_v recover_v the_o top_n of_o it_o and_o during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o the_o assault_n all_o the_o trench_n to_o be_v furnish_v with_o the_o very_o best_a of_o the_o shot_n who_o be_v to_o beat_v the_o enemy_n from_o their_o parapet_n that_o they_o may_v not_o give_v any_o aid_n to_o the_o defendant_n in_o flank_n and_o the_o whole_a camp_n beside_o to_o be_v in_o arm_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n as_o well_o for_o the_o more_o terror_n to_o the_o defendant_n as_o for_o the_o intercept_n of_o the_o enemy_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o interruption_n and_o if_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o in_o the_o assault_n of_o the_o breach_n the_o ditch_n can_v be_v convenient_o pass_v over_o by_o the_o way_n of_o gallery_n former_o describe_v the_o most_o proper_a course_n in_o stead_n of_o they_o may_v be_v after_o the_o breach_n be_v thorough_o make_v and_o the_o approach_n under_o the_o covert_n of_o the_o trench_n bring_v to_o the_o brink_n of_o the_o ditch_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o say_a ditch_n with_o earth_n and_o faggot_n towards_o which_o also_o the_o ruin_n and_o rubbish_n of_o the_o wall_n make_v by_o the_o battery_n will_v much_o conduce_v neither_o be_v there_o any_o moat_n of_o stand_a water_n or_o ditch_n so_o deep_a but_o by_o this_o course_n may_v be_v surmount_v true_a it_o be_v that_o sometime_o to_o this_o purpose_n long_o and_o great_a tree_n be_v throw_v into_o the_o ditch_n cover_v over_o and_o fasten_v together_o with_o plank_n and_o shadow_v on_o the_o side_n with_o blind_v but_o this_o be_v not_o hold_v so_o certain_a as_o the_o former_a though_o both_o of_o they_o be_v in_o use_n where_o the_o ditch_n have_v in_o it_o a_o stand_a water_n but_o if_o the_o water_n of_o the_o ditch_n be_v a_o current_n and_o any_o thing_n swift_a than_o the_o best_a way_n be_v to_o make_v a_o bridge_n upon_o a_o large_a boat_n the_o which_o be_v apt_v and_o contrive_v to_o the_o breadth_n of_o the_o ditch_n over_o against_o the_o breach_n be_v to_o have_v certain_a draw-bridge_n belong_v to_o it_o at_o each_o end_n one_o so_o fit_v that_o they_o may_v serve_v for_o blind_v and_o covert_n also_o to_o shadow_v such_o man_n as_o be_v to_o conduct_v the_o bridge_n and_o be_v thus_o contrive_v and_o man_v it_o be_v to_o be_v suffer_v to_o float_v down_o with_o the_o stream_n from_o the_o place_n where_o it_o be_v first_o frame_v which_o must_v be_v in_o a_o place_n free_a from_o danger_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o to_o be_v moor_v and_o make_v fast_o direct_o upon_o the_o breach_n that_o so_o the_o draw-bridge_n former_o mention_v be_v then_o let_v fall_v the_o soldier_n which_o be_v upon_o the_o main_a bridge_n may_v not_o only_o find_v a_o sufficient_a and_o well-secured_n passage_n for_o themselves_o but_o for_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n also_o as_o many_o of_o they_o as_o shall_v be_v think_v needful_a to_o assault_v the_o breach_n and_o to_o storm_n and_o carry_v the_o town_n chap._n xv._o of_o all_o kind_n and_o form_n of_o battle_n of_o double_a battery_n and_o the_o like_a how_o the_o gun_n be_v to_o be_v mount_v in_o double_a battery_n of_o the_o gun_n proper_a for_o battery_n how_o employ_v before_o we_o leave_v this_o subject_n touch_v assault_n upon_o town_n and_o fort_n and_o the_o approach_v due_a unto_o they_o and_o though_o somewhat_o also_o have_v former_o be_v note_v touch_v battery_n yet_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o they_o every_o way_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o add_v somewhat_o more_o at_o large_a battery_n be_v mount_n of_o earth_n and_o their_o form_n be_v general_o thus_o contrive_v the_o side_n of_o the_o work_n towards_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v make_v cannon-proof_n that_o be_v of_o twenty_o five_o foot_n in_o thickness_n in_o the_o rear_n and_o flank_n of_o they_o they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o wall_n of_o fifteen_o foot_n thick_a only_o the_o one_o side_n of_o this_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v thick_a than_o the_o rest_n as_o rising_z with_o a_o walk_n and_o a_o parapet_n on_o the_o inside_n in_o their_o front_n they_o be_v to_o be_v line_v with_o two_o exterior_a angle_n and_o their_o face_n to_o be_v raise_v with_o open_a window_n or_o port_n as_o they_o be_v general_o call_v through_o which_o the_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o play_v on_o their_o inside_n they_o be_v to_o have_v a_o good_a groundsel_v or_o floor_n make_v of_o turf_n faggot_n or_o the_o like_a of_o eight_o foot_n in_o height_n and_o in_o breadth_n answerable_a to_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o whole_a work_n and_o this_o floor_n be_v to_o be_v cover_v with_o plank_n for_o the_o better_a traverse_v and_o reverse_v of_o the_o gun_n but_o before_o the_o raise_n or_o plant_v of_o any_o of_o these_o battery_n especial_a observation_n be_v to_o be_v take_v whether_o there_o be_v any_o possibility_n or_o likelihood_n of_o succour_n to_o be_v bring_v to_o the_o place_n against_o which_o this_o battery_n be_v raise_v for_o if_o there_o be_v than_o care_n be_v to_o be_v have_v that_o though_o the_o enemy_n shall_v give_v on_o with_o a_o main_a force_n yet_o the_o ordnance_n upon_o the_o battery_n may_v either_o be_v retreat_v or_o defend_v and_o this_o may_v be_v probable_o effect_v by_o firm_v the_o battery_n on_o all_o side_n and_o by_o so_o block_v up_o all_o avenue_n and_o make_v of_o convenient_a parapet_n that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o make_v any_o other_o access_n save_v by_o the_o very_a port_n where_o the_o piece_n lie_v and_o if_o the_o battery_n be_v of_o necessity_n to_o be_v plant_v upon_o a_o dike_n and_o thereby_o may_v be_v in_o peril_n of_o be_v drown_v the_o height_n of_o the_o dike_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v and_o provision_n make_v according_o and_o a_o passage_n towards_o the_o campagnia_fw-la to_o be_v guard_v and_o keep_v free_a that_o so_o the_o piece_n may_v be_v carry_v off_o that_o way_n if_o there_o be_v no_o other_o remedy_n and_o because_o it_o be_v general_o necessary_a and_o especial_o in_o some_o case_n that_o the_o piece_n of_o battery_n be_v lodge_v in_o secret_a and_o as_o much_o obscure_v from_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n in_o the_o town_n as_o possible_o may_v be_v one_o especial_a course_n tend_v this_o way_n may_v be_v practise_v by_o make_v a_o convenient_a descent_n in_o the_o platform_n and_o that_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o piece_n may_v make_v their_o reverse_n so_o downward_o as_o be_v reverse_v may_v full_o hide_v themselves_o from_o the_o enemy_n view_n and_o then_o to_o be_v draw_v up_o again_o by_o pulley_n and_o cord_n well_o fasten_v to_o the_o head_n of_o the_o carriage_n and_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o battery_n aloft_o true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o gun_n thus_o lodge_v be_v only_o to_o be_v employ_v upon_o the_o very_a nick_n of_o occasion_n and_o not_o ordinary_o a_o second_o way_n therefore_o there_o be_v by_o make_v a_o double_a battery_n in_o this_o manner_n first_o of_o all_o a_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v with_o shoulder_n and_o port_n sufficient_o deep_a equal_a and_o large_a as_o well_o before_o as_o behind_o in_o such_o a_o fashion_n that_o through_o they_o the_o enemy_n cannon_n may_v be_v discover_v in_o a_o right_a line_n this_o do_v another_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v frame_v with_o port_n and_o shoulder_n in_o a_o due_a and_o answerable_a proportion_n ten_o foot_n behind_o this_o from_o which_o through_o the_o port_n of_o the_o other_o the_o enemy_n piece_n may_v also_o be_v perfect_o see_v in_o a_o right_a line_n and_o in_o these_o innermost_a port_n the_o great_a gun_n be_v to_o be_v mount_v the_o which_o nevertheless_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o foremost_a battery_n will_v lie_v so_o close_o shadow_v and_o hide_a that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v very_o hardly_o discover_v they_o or_o at_o the_o least_o to_o any_o hurt_n or_o damage_n a_o three_o way_n to_o this_o purpose_n may_v be_v by_o the_o choice_n and_o lay_v out_o of_o a_o natural_a piece_n of_o ground_n before_o which_o a_o ditch_n be_v sink_v to_o the_o depth_n of_o eleven_o foot_n which_o will_v give_v a_o sufficient_a defence_n for_o the_o gun_n and_o those_o that_o manage_v they_o a_o sufficient_a quantity_n of_o ground_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v for_o the_o reverse_n of_o the_o gun_n with_o the_o distance_n of_o twenty_o foot_n one_o from_o another_o in_o their_o be_v lodge_v have_v a_o overplus_n of_o ground_n behind_o they_o which_o by_o the_o help_n of_o pioner_n be_v so_o to_o be_v sink_v that_o man_n may_v safe_o pass_v to_o and_o again_o behind_o they_o undiscovered_a upon_o which_o plank_n be_v artificial_o lay_v the_o gun_n be_v
to_o be_v mount_v and_o last_o of_o all_o port_n be_v to_o be_v cut_v through_o the_o natural_a earth_n to_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o largeness_n depth_n and_o height_n through_o which_o the_o ordnance_n be_v to_o play_v and_o this_o be_v a_o work_n so_o assure_v as_o not_o to_o be_v annoy_v or_o endanger_v from_o any_o part_n of_o the_o town_n wall_n if_o the_o earth_n be_v firm_a and_o solid_a as_o for_o the_o gun_n proper_a for_o a_o main_a battery_n as_o well_o in_o respect_n of_o number_n as_o kind_n they_o may_v be_v thus_o repartit_v eight_o cannon_n six_o demy-cannon_n and_o four_o quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n or_o culverin_n touch_v the_o distance_n they_o be_v to_o be_v lodge_v in_o from_o the_o part_n to_o be_v batter_v we_o have_v speak_v before_o as_o concern_v the_o order_n of_o these_o eighteen_o piece_n upon_o the_o battery_n the_o cannon_n be_v to_o be_v plant_v in_o one_o comrade_n and_o to_o beat_v and_o batter_v in_o angle_n right_a against_o the_o curtain_n the_o six_o demy-canon_n to_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o comrade_n on_o each_o side_n of_o the_o cannon_n three_o and_o to_o beat_v in_o traverse_n the_o four_o culverin_n be_v to_o be_v employ_v for_o defence_n and_o to_o play_v upon_o the_o enemy_n piece_n that_o shall_v be_v find_v in_o flanker_n of_o the_o curtain_n from_o the_o bulwork_n for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a as_o aforesaid_a that_o where_o battery_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v against_o fort_n and_o small_a town_n where_o the_o bulwork_n be_v near_o one_o unto_o another_o it_o be_v better_a to_o batter_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n than_o the_o curtain_n yet_o against_o fortify_v place_n of_o large_a extent_n where_o the_o bastion_n or_o bulwork_n be_v far_o remove_v it_o be_v more_o advantageous_a to_o beat_v upon_o the_o curtain_n in_o regard_n that_o the_o bulwork_n be_v better_o furnish_v then_o those_o curtain_n can_v be_v and_o beside_o the_o enemy_n may_v better_o entrench_v himself_o within_o the_o bastion_n then_o within_o the_o curtain_n neither_o can_v the_o bulwork_n in_o large_a piece_n of_o fortification_n bring_v any_o extraordinary_a damage_n at_o a_o assault_n by_o flank_v of_o the_o curtain_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o distance_n one_o from_o another_o on_o the_o contrary_a true_a it_o be_v that_o in_o batteries_n make_v against_o castle_n or_o fort_n it_o be_v safe_a to_o batter_v upon_o the_o bulwork_n for_o here_o the_o bastion_n be_v so_o neighbour_a and_o flank_n with_o so_o main_a a_o force_n upon_o the_o curtain_n that_o a_o assault_n can_v be_v give_v without_o a_o extraordinary_a carnage_n and_o much_o loss_n of_o men._n and_o when_o the_o battery_n be_v thus_o upon_o the_o bastion_n the_o same_o piece_n be_v so_o to_o play_v and_o batter_v in_o cavalier_n or_o upon_o the_o point_n of_o the_o bulwark_n as_o they_o do_v before_o upon_o the_o curtain_n chap._n xvi_o a_o besiege_v army_n how_o to_o defend_v itself_o president_n hereof_o ancient_a and_o modern_a observation_n upon_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o borse_n have_v go_v thus_o far_o in_o this_o way_n by_o the_o way_n of_o offence_n we_o shall_v now_o in_o this_o chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n how_o a_o besiege_v army_n be_v to_o defend_v itself_o when_o it_o expect_v to_o be_v assault_v by_o at_o enemy_n a_o friend_n to_o the_o place_n besiege_v and_o perhaps_o master_n of_o the_o field_n which_o have_v befall_v both_o ancient_o and_o modern_o and_o though_o it_o be_v a_o case_n of_o much_o danger_n yet_o have_v some_o expert_a and_o wise_a commander_n provide_v for_o themselves_o and_o their_o army_n to_o the_o preservation_n of_o both_o the_o rule_n and_o practice_n conduce_v hereunto_o have_v be_v these_o to_o entrench_v so_o sufficient_o against_o the_o town_n besiege_v that_o no_o eruption_n or_o sally_n may_v be_v make_v upon_o they_o out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o any_o considerable_a loss_n or_o danger_n that_o all_o the_o quarter_n be_v so_o well_o fortify_v in_o their_o outwork_n that_o neither_o horse_n nor_o foot_n from_o abroad_o may_v make_v any_o assault_n upon_o they_o but_o with_o infinite_a disadvantage_n and_o hazard_n that_o a_o most_o especial_a care_n be_v take_v that_o the_o besiege_v army_n be_v so_o lodge_v and_o encamp_v that_o by_o some_o command_a passage_n it_o may_v be_v certain_o and_o sufficient_o supply_v with_o victual_n either_o from_o some_o of_o their_o own_o neighbour_a part_n or_o some_o other_o country_n to_o friend_n and_o withal_o that_o the_o circumjacent_a country_n through_o which_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v to_o approach_v be_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o may_v be_v harry_v and_o waste_v beforehand_o that_o so_o it_o may_v either_o not_o be_v able_a to_o victual_v it_o at_o all_o or_o at_o least_o very_o spare_o and_o that_o with_o much_o hazard_n and_o loss_n and_o of_o this_o because_o precedent_n work_v much_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o three_o the_o one_o ancient_a take_v out_o of_o polybius_n in_o his_o nine_o book_n which_o be_v act_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n before_o which_o the_o roman_a consul_n appius_n be_v set_v down_o hannibal_n seek_v to_o remove_v he_o and_o be_v by_o far_a master_n of_o the_o field_n enclose_v the_o roman_a besiege_v army_n between_o himself_o and_o the_o town_n besiege_v and_o find_v no_o possibility_n of_o force_v the_o consul_n in_o his_o trench_n he_o practise_v to_o draw_v he_o out_o to_o some_o skirmish_n but_o fail_v in_o both_o and_o weary_v with_o many_o urge_v inconvenience_n he_o be_v thus_o force_v to_o march_v off_o and_o leave_v he_o before_o the_o town_n by_o reason_n say_v the_o author_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v both_o sufficient_o victual_v themselves_o beforehand_o and_o provident_o so_o waste_v the_o country_n round_o about_o before_o the_o come_n in_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o when_o they_o be_v come_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o abide_v it_o through_o the_o want_n of_o victual_n and_o especial_o forage_v for_o their_o horse_n the_o marquis_n spinola_n preserve_v himself_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n at_o his_o siege_n of_o breda_n but_o beyond_o all_o other_o we_o have_v a_o singular_a precedent_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o the_o last_o siege_n of_o the_o borse_n when_o that_o town_n be_v take_v in_o by_o the_o unite_a state_n in_o their_o stupendous_a work_n in_o the_o outward_a entrenchment_n which_o be_v no_o less_o in_o circuit_n then_o a_o good_a day_n journey_n every_o where_o fortify_v with_o horn-work_n half_a moon_n battery_n and_o the_o like_a in_o their_o divert_v of_o a_o river_n from_o its_o natural_a course_n so_o that_o the_o besiege_a town_n be_v not_o only_o deprive_v of_o necessary_a water_n but_o all_o that_o part_n of_o the_o country_n deep_o drown_v whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v a_o access_n to_o relieve_v it_o in_o that_o to_o prevent_v a_o relief_n to_o the_o town_n by_o boat_n there_o be_v raise_v a_o firm_a causey_n of_o three_o mile_n in_o length_n through_o so_o washy_a a_o place_n that_o it_o be_v little_o less_o than_o a_o lake_n the_o which_o causey_n be_v broad_a enough_o for_o two_o cart_n to_o meet_v and_o pass_v by_o one_o another_o with_o foot-path_n beside_o on_o each_o side_n and_o every_o where_o strengthen_v with_o sconce_n battery_n and_o horn-work_n all_o of_o earth_n and_o last_o in_o that_o which_o make_v it_o full_a of_o wonder_n this_o world_n of_o earth_n and_o faggot_n be_v bring_v in_o boat_n from_o a_o part_n at_o the_o least_o two_o or_o three_o mile_n distant_a and_o yet_o all_o these_o be_v the_o work_v only_o as_o one_o may_v say_v without_o door_n as_o for_o those_o within_o they_o be_v the_o particular_a brest-work_n and_o the_o strengthen_n of_o every_o quarter_n the_o trench_n that_o first_o lead_v to_o the_o enemy_n sconce_n without_o the_o town_n and_o after_o they_o be_v take_v in_o carry_v to_o the_o townditch_n the_o gallery_n that_o be_v lay_v over_o the_o ditch_n and_o the_o mine_n which_o be_v bring_v under_o the_o wall_n so_o that_o although_o the_o enemy_n march_v towards_o we_o with_o a_o very_a potent_a army_n and_o every_o way_n very_o well_o provide_v yet_o dare_v he_o not_o indeed_o can_v not_o do_v any_o thing_n to_o any_o purpose_n save_v only_o look_v upon_o we_o as_o we_o lie_v in_o our_o work_n but_o be_v force_v to_o let_v fall_v that_o important_a piece_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o such_o a_o enemy_n that_o well_o know_v both_o how_o to_o keep_v it_o and_o make_v use_n of_o it_o chap._n xvii_o of_o powder_n touch_v the_o choice_n and_o keep_n of_o magazine_n of_o powder_n how_o to_o be_v safe_o lodge_v victual_n how_o to_o be_v conduct_v the_o duty_n of_o the_o prime_a conductor_n of_o the_o victualler_n or_o suckler_n and_o thus_o far_o we_o have_v touch_v upon_o the_o most_o of_o the_o material_a piece_n belong_v
a_o private_a company_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o a_o army_n to_o exercise_v a_o company_n exact_o it_o be_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o corporalship_n and_o then_o subdivide_v into_o as_o many_o file_n as_o the_o number_n will_v bear_v and_o every_o file_n into_o fellowship_n or_o camerado_n the_o corporal_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o be_v the_o leader_n of_o the_o chief_a file_n thereof_o and_o the_o lanceprisado_n who_o in_o the_o corporal_n absence_n when_o he_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n or_o elsewhere_o execute_v the_o corporal_n duty_n be_v to_o lead_v another_o file_n and_o the_o practic_n and_o ready_a man_n of_o every_o corporalship_n be_v to_o lead_v the_o rest_n the_o company_n be_v thus_o divide_v and_o order_v these_o thing_n be_v main_o to_o be_v teach_v the_o carriage_n and_o use_n of_o arm_n march_n and_o motion_n and_o the_o understanding_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n and_o word_n of_o command_n and_o direction_n which_o be_v right_o term_v the_o soldier_n vocabula_fw-la artis_fw-la the_o carriage_n of_o arm_n be_v to_o be_v appropriate_v to_o the_o most_o of_o comeliness_n and_o use_n the_o use_n of_o the_o pike_n be_v either_o in_o receive_v or_o give_v a_o charge_n by_o be_v teach_v the_o first_o the_o soldier_n learn_v to_o withstand_v the_o horse_n by_o the_o second_o to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n pike_n and_o to_o understand_v when_o and_o how_o every_o man_n and_o so_o every_o rank_n be_v to_o give_v their_o push_n or_o blow_v in_o the_o use_n of_o the_o musket_n the_o soldier_n be_v first_o to_o learn_v how_o to_o present_v his_o piece_n how_o to_o take_v his_o level_n and_o when_o to_o give_v his_o volley_n with_o those_o of_o his_o rank_n now_o the_o ancient_a and_o vulgar_a manner_n of_o discipline_n for_o the_o give_v of_o volley_n of_o shot_n be_v that_o all_o the_o shot_n of_o one_o corporalship_n shall_v give_v fire_n at_o once_o but_o this_o be_v absolute_o condemnable_a for_o either_o those_o in_o the_o rear_n must_v hazard_v the_o shoot_n of_o their_o leader_n through_o their_o head_n or_o else_o over-shoot_a the_o enemy_n and_o spend_v their_o powder_n in_o vain_a and_o beside_o the_o volley_n thus_o deliver_v be_v once_o give_v the_o enemy_n may_v come_v on_o without_o impeachment_n or_o annoyance_n in_o stead_n of_o this_o therefore_o a_o more_o useful_a practice_n have_v be_v to_o order_v the_o first_o rank_n only_o to_o give_v their_o volley_n and_o if_o the_o body_n of_o the_o company_n march_v than_o that_o rank_n that_o have_v give_v the_o volley_n to_o stand_v and_o the_o second_o rank_n to_o pass_v through_o it_o and_o to_o give_v their_o volley_n and_o then_o they_o to_o stand_v and_o then_o the_o three_o rank_n to_o advance_v and_o give_v fire_n and_o so_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o rank_n in_o order_n but_o if_o the_o company_n or_o brigade_n or_o battaglia_n stand_v firm_a than_o the_o first_o rank_n have_v give_v their_o volley_n be_v to_o fall_v back_o and_o the_o second_o to_o come_v in_o their_o room_n and_o so_o the_o three_o four_o and_o the_o rest_n and_o by_o this_o course_n the_o man_n be_v command_v man_n the_o volley_n may_v be_v continue_v and_o the_o enemy_n never_o free_a from_o annoyance_n and_o all_o this_o be_v easy_o perform_v if_o at_o the_o first_o all_o the_o shot_n be_v cause_v to_o open_v their_o file_n to_o open_a distance_n but_o because_o even_o this_o also_o be_v defective_a in_o respect_n that_o there_o can_v be_v bring_v up_o so_o many_o hand_n to_o give_v fire_n at_o once_o upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o absolute_a soldier_n the_o late_a king_n of_o swedeland_n discipline_v his_o shot_n to_o give_v fire_n three_o rank_n at_o once_o and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o cause_v the_o first_o rank_n to_o give_v their_o volley_n upon_o their_o knee_n the_o second_o somewhat_o stoop_v over_o their_o leader_n head_n the_o three_o rank_n stand_v upright_o to_o give_v their_o volley_n over_o all_o their_o head_n and_o this_o to_o be_v do_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o time_n and_o by_o this_o mean_n and_o course_n be_v pour_v more_o lead_n upon_o the_o enemy_n at_o once_o then_o otherwise_o by_o far_o by_o any_o of_o the_o other_o way_n and_o this_o manner_n of_o give_v fire_n must_v needs_o also_o be_v very_o useful_a and_o advantageous_a in_o all_o wood-service_n and_o wheresoever_o a_o enemy_n be_v to_o be_v encounter_v in_o narrow_a lane_n or_o path_n where_o man_n can_v be_v lead_v up_o but_o in_o a_o single_a file_n for_o if_o the_o three_o first_o man_n thus_o give_v fire_n be_v instruct_v after_o they_o have_v give_v their_o volley_n to_o place_n themselves_o close_a up_o by_o the_o side_n of_o the_o path_n where_o the_o enemy_n present_v himself_o and_o so_o stand_v there_o sidelong_v towards_o the_o enemy_n and_o give_v place_n for_o three_o other_o of_o their_o follower_n to_o advance_v and_o do_v the_o like_a a_o continue_a volley_n of_o shot_n may_v be_v thus_o deliver_v although_o the_o whole_a file_n of_o man_n shall_v consist_v but_o of_o fifteen_o in_o all_o as_o for_o the_o discipline_n belong_v to_o march_n after_o every_o man_n once_o know_v his_o proper_a place_n and_o understand_v how_o to_o observe_v his_o file_n and_o rank_n there_o be_v no_o difficulty_n at_o all_o in_o a_o plain_a march_n in_o a_o countermarch_v also_o if_o the_o leader_n of_o the_o file_n be_v well_o choose_v and_o that_o every_o man_n observe_v his_o lead_a man_n there_o be_v no_o great_a difficulty_n neither_o as_o touch_v motion_n some_o be_v perform_v without_o change_n of_o place_n by_o turn_v only_o their_o face_n to_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o to_o the_o left_a or_o about_o as_o the_o enemy_n be_v find_v to_o charge_n either_o in_o flank_n or_o rear_n some_o require_v a_o change_n of_o place_n and_o these_o motion_n be_v perform_v by_o remove_v from_o one_o rank_n to_o another_o and_o then_o some_o move_v and_o some_o stand_v still_o and_o these_o kind_n of_o motion_n be_v call_v doubling_n of_o rank_n and_o doubling_n of_o file_n as_o the_o enemy_n or_o ground_n shall_v give_v cause_n to_o make_v the_o front_n or_o flank_n great_a or_o lesser_a there_o be_v beside_o these_o another_o kind_n of_o motion_n to_o be_v teach_v in_o which_o all_o do_v move_v and_o yet_o none_o do_v march_v and_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o open_n and_o close_v of_o file_n and_o be_v practise_v not_o only_a when_o one_o rank_n be_v to_o pass_v through_o another_o or_o the_o whole_a brigade_n to_o make_v a_o countermarch_v but_o also_o when_o there_o be_v a_o intention_n to_o draw_v the_o troop_n together_o in_o haste_n and_o yet_o in_o order_n more_o to_o the_o one_o hand_n then_o the_o other_o and_o thus_o far_o only_o shall_v be_v speak_v in_o this_o place_n touch_v motion_n intend_v to_o speak_v more_o at_o large_a of_o the_o use_n of_o they_o hereafter_o concern_v the_o understanding_n of_o the_o sound_n of_o the_o drum_n the_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v teach_v not_o only_o to_o know_v and_o observe_v what_o the_o drummer_n beat_v but_o what_o time_n he_o keep_v in_o beat_v that_z according_o they_o may_v hasten_v or_o slack_v their_o marching_n as_o by_o the_o voice_n they_o be_v call_v upon_o to_o all_o other_o motion_n of_o which_o likewise_o we_o shall_v say_v more_o as_o occasion_n shall_v require_v chap._n iu._n of_o great_a gun_n due_a to_o a_o army-royal_a of_o the_o kind_n and_o choice_n of_o they_o of_o the_o number_n of_o horse_n to_o draw_v great_a gun_n the_o best_a way_n of_o draw_v heavy_a gun_n we_o have_v go_v thus_o far_o towards_o the_o proportion_v of_o the_o body_n of_o a_o army_n as_o to_o bring_v the_o man_n or_o body_n together_o to_o fit_v they_o with_o chief_n and_o commander_n and_o to_o give_v they_o some_o knowledge_n in_o the_o use_n of_o their_o arm_n we_o have_v likewise_o speak_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o our_o first_o book_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o arm_n as_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o person_n of_o man_n and_o be_v portable_a in_o their_o hand_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o give_v some_o advertisement_n touch_v those_o sort_n of_o arm_n or_o weapon_n which_o be_v to_o be_v carry_v with_o army_n but_o be_v not_o portable_a by_o the_o man_n and_o these_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o artillery_n or_o great_a gun_n of_o which_o though_o we_o have_v speak_v somewhat_o in_o the_o former_a part_n of_o our_o treatise_n yet_o it_o be_v only_o of_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v lodge_v in_o fort_n and_o town_n of_o war_n and_o to_o be_v employ_v against_o they_o and_o not_o of_o those_o to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o field_n and_o to_o accompany_v and_o march_v with_o a_o
army_n we_o shall_v therefore_o in_o this_o chapter_n and_o the_o next_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n requirable_a for_o a_o army-royal_a together_o with_o their_o kind_n carriage_n cast_v number_n and_o choice_n and_o we_o will_v propound_v this_o army_n to_o consist_v of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n of_o which_o thirty_o four_o thousand_o to_o be_v foot_n and_o sixth_o housand_n horse_n which_o be_v a_o repartition_n that_o may_v hold_v proportion_n with_o all_o other_o number_n if_o reduce_v answerable_o as_o for_o the_o number_n therefore_o of_o great_a gun_n requirable_a for_o such_o a_o army_n in_o its_o march_n it_o have_v be_v regulate_v after_o much_o debate_n by_o some_o experiment_a commander_n that_o for_o every_o thousand_o of_o soldier_n there_o shall_v be_v allow_v one_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n and_o so_o for_o forty_o thousand_o man_n as_o here_o propound_v forty_o great_a gun_n but_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o find_v not_o how_o this_o can_v be_v bring_v to_o any_o certainty_n for_o who_o know_v not_o but_o that_o several_a occasion_n different_a way_n and_o particular_a accident_n may_v and_o must_v alter_v the_o proportion_n so_o that_o herein_o no_o other_o law_n or_o rule_n can_v be_v precise_o prescribe_v then_o what_o opportunity_n offer_v and_o necessity_n urge_v nevertheless_o if_o i_o shall_v be_v put_v to_o it_o to_o set_v down_o a_o strict_a and_o precise_a number_n of_o great_a gun_n for_o a_o army_n of_o forty_o thousand_o man_n i_o will_v soon_o propound_v thirty_o piece_n then_o forty_o and_o my_o reason_n be_v first_o in_o that_o thirty_o great_a gun_n dispone_v and_o well_o order_v at_o the_o angle_n of_o the_o army_n front_n shall_v sufficient_o serve_v upon_o all_o approach_n of_o a_o enemy_n either_o while_o the_o army_n march_v or_o when_o it_o be_v to_o be_v order_v to_o a_o fight_n second_o in_o that_o these_o thirty_o piece_n shall_v be_v sufficient_a also_o due_o choose_v for_o the_o besiege_n and_o batter_v of_o any_o place_n though_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o constraint_n of_o raise_v two_o battery_n have_v each_o of_o they_o three_o comrade_n in_o six_o mount_n and_o last_o in_o that_o by_o thus_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o the_o great_a gun_n as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v there_o may_v withal_o be_v a_o lessen_v of_o the_o number_n and_o train_n due_a unto_o they_o with_o the_o expense_n for_o the_o furniture_n and_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o draught-horse_n and_o their_o forage_v together_o with_o the_o like_a rest_n of_o the_o unavoidable_a pressure_n touch_v the_o kind_n of_o such_o great_a gun_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a to_o answer_v all_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o army-royal_a they_o be_v in_o my_o opinion_n to_o be_v cannon_n of_o battery_n demy-canon_n those_o call_v by_o the_o french_a quart_n du_fw-fr cannon_n culverin_n and_o field-piece_n thus_o to_o be_v repartit_v of_o the_o cannon_n nine_o of_o the_o demy-cannon_n eight_o of_o the_o culverin_n or_o quart_n du_fw-fr 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overwinging_a of_o the_o enemy_n or_o else_o to_o make_v the_o fair_a show_n and_o outside_n of_o a_o army_n whereby_o to_o dishearten_v the_o enemy_n and_o withal_o to_o deceive_v he_o the_o double_n of_o the_o file_n or_o depth_n to_o be_v do_v either_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o straitness_n and_o narrowness_n of_o the_o place_n or_o for_o the_o better_a strengthen_v of_o the_o battle_n or_o to_o draw_v a_o enemy_n to_o fight_v when_o you_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o he_o and_o thus_o have_v you_o the_o genuine_a use_n of_o both_o these_o kind_n of_o doubling_n as_o well_o in_o length_n as_o depth_n wherein_o nevertheless_o due_a heed_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o in_o double_v of_o the_o front_n there_o be_v not_o give_v so_o much_o length_n that_o it_o fail_v in_o its_o due_a depth_n nor_o so_o much_o depth_n that_o the_o front_n be_v over-narrowed_n and_o so_o subject_a to_o be_v environ_v the_o want_n of_o length_n and_o depth_n in_o a_o order_a army_n for_o a_o battle_n be_v 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person_n may_v chance_v to_o be_v lay_v on_o the_o ground_n yet_o shall_v the_o whole_a order_n be_v preserve_v from_o be_v disjointed_a and_o much_o more_o the_o great_a body_n of_o the_o army_n from_o be_v rout_v thus_o i_o have_v lay_v down_o a_o form_n of_o range_v a_o army_n for_o a_o battle_n which_o some_o have_v style_v admirable_a and_o yet_o i_o must_v tell_v you_o that_o it_o have_v not_o be_v free_a from_o objection_n and_o those_o make_v by_o some_o old_a soldier_n or_o at_o the_o least_o soldier_n of_o elder_a time_n for_o first_o they_o say_v that_o in_o respect_n that_o private_a company_n can_v hold_v long_o in_o their_o full_a strength_n and_o due_a number_n be_v in_o the_o field_n by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n slaughter_n and_o the_o like_a accident_n that_o thus_o to_o order_v a_o army_n into_o small_a body_n and_o as_o it_o be_v into_o private_a and_o particular_a company_n by_o themselves_o their_o volley_n of_o shot_n can_v neither_o be_v great_a nor_o the_o harm_n great_a that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v receive_v by_o they_o but_o to_o this_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o we_o speak_v not_o here_o of_o the_o order_n of_o particular_a company_n by_o themselves_o but_o of_o small_a body_n make_v up_o of_o private_a company_n as_o cause_n shall_v require_v so_o that_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n may_v be_v weaken_v by_o these_o accident_n of_o death_n or_o otherwise_o yet_o the_o division_n may_v stand_v fast_o and_o full_a though_o it_o be_v as_o true_a that_o there_o will_v be_v few_o division_n which_o make_v nothing_o against_o the_o order_n in_o general_n second_o these_o objector_n say_v that_o the_o mix_n of_o the_o shot_n and_o pike_n together_o in_o distinct_a company_n weaken_v and_o disable_v the_o whole_a body_n for_o say_v they_o by_o cast_v off_o the_o shot_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o interval_n and_o street_n be_v make_v so_o empty_a and_o wide_a that_o the_o enemy_n horse_n be_v enable_v to_o break_v in_o and_o disorder_v they_o and_o if_o the_o shot_n be_v not_o thus_o cast_v off_o but_o keep_v close_o and_o so_o make_v to_o discharge_v in_o countermarch_v they_o be_v hereby_o apt_a to_o be_v throng_v together_o by_o the_o pike_n and_o the_o distance_n of_o place_n be_v take_v from_o they_o the_o use_n of_o their_o weapon_n also_o must_v needs_o fail_v they_o and_o so_o all_o come_v to_o ruin_n but_o to_o this_o objection_n also_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o all_o this_o may_v be_v help_v by_o the_o unite_n of_o these_o body_n into_o one_o as_o shall_v be_v find_v necessary_a nor_o need_v these_o shot_n be_v so_o remove_v from_o their_o body_n of_o pike_n by_o any_o cast_n off_o but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v reunite_v with_o ease_n on_o a_o sudden_a nor_o shall_v they_o be_v throng_v by_o their_o pike_n or_o deprive_v of_o their_o distance_n of_o place_n because_o they_o shall_v not_o need_v hold_v this_o order_n to_o discharge_v at_o all_o in_o 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do_v then_o furious_o french-like_a charge_v with_o their_o horse_n upon_o we_o and_o be_v by_o far_o the_o great_a number_n instant_o rout_v they_o force_v such_o of_o our_o horse_n as_o seek_v their_o safety_n by_o flight_n to_o break_v in_o upon_o our_o own_o foot_n to_o their_o utter_a disorder_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o our_o horse_n that_o can_v not_o do_v so_o be_v all_o either_o take_v or_o slay_v the_o execution_n likewise_o upon_o our_o foot_n become_v hereby_o very_o great_a and_o the_o great_a by_o reason_n that_o there_o be_v no_o kind_n of_o work_n cast_v up_o to_o command_v the_o entrance_n of_o the_o passage_n upon_o the_o dike_n so_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v embolden_v to_o charge_v home_o all_o alongst_o the_o way_n of_o our_o march_n upon_o the_o very_a dike_n itself_o even_o to_o the_o very_a bridge_n that_o we_o be_v to_o pass_v over_o where_o also_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o improvidence_n in_o make_v it_o without_o rail_n on_o the_o side_n our_o man_n in_o the_o haste_n and_o terror_n of_o their_o disorder_n thrust_v one_o another_o into_o a_o creek_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o be_v there_o smother_v in_o the_o water_n and_o mud_n and_o here_o it_o be_v that_o we_o lose_v the_o most_o and_o best_a of_o our_o man_n now_o because_o in_o these_o retreat_v it_o may_v fall_v out_o even_o with_o the_o most_o provident_a general_n that_o a_o army_n may_v be_v force_v to_o lie_v and_o lodge_v in_o the_o open_a field_n very_o near_o unto_o a_o enemy_n it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o propound_v some_o course_n touch_v this_o particular_a and_o in_o this_o case_n it_o have_v be_v practise_v that_o every_o regiment_n shall_v lie_v down_o and_o lodge_v in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n that_o they_o march_v all_o the_o day_n before_o with_o all_o their_o arm_n by_o they_o the_o pike_n to_o stick_v up_o a_o end_n close_o by_o the_o bearer_n as_o they_o lie_v and_o every_o rot_n or_o file_n that_o be_v every_o six_o of_o musqueteer_n to_o bring_v their_o musket_n to_o their_o rot-master_n or_o leader_n of_o their_o file_n who_o be_v to_o see_v they_o set_v with_o their_o mouth_n upright_o and_o so_o bind_v together_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o match_n that_o they_o may_v stand_v ready_a at_o hand_n upon_o all_o alarm_n as_o for_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n himself_o and_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o field_n they_o be_v to_o bestow_v themselves_o in_o their_o coach_n or_o the_o like_a and_o the_o private_a captain_n to_o make_v use_n of_o such_o kind_n of_o frame_n of_o wood_n as_o in_o the_o low-countries_n be_v term_v horse_n be_v very_o proper_a for_o that_o purpose_n and_o of_o which_o it_o be_v good_a for_o every_o captain_n to_o have_v one_o touch_v the_o horse-regiment_n every_o man_n be_v to_o ease_v himself_o and_o his_o horse_n by_o alight_v and_o rest_v himself_o on_o the_o ground_n and_o by_o feed_v his_o horse_n near_o unto_o he_o and_o in_o this_o posture_n to_o take_v repast_n and_o sleep_v and_o so_o to_o attend_v the_o light_n of_o the_o ensue_a morn_n for_o the_o pursuance_n of_o their_o intend_a retreat_n and_o thus_o have_v give_v some_o note_n touch_v the_o dislodging_n and_o retreat_n of_o a_o army_n we_o will_v finish_v this_o chapter_n with_o some_o rule_n touch_v encamp_n in_o these_o encamp_n the_o general_n quartermaster_n be_v especial_o to_o observe_v these_o particular_n follow_v that_o friend_n as_o near_o as_o may_v be_v be_v lodge_v by_o friend_n and_o this_o as_o well_o for_o prevent_v of_o tumult_n as_o the_o faithful_a second_n one_o of_o another_o that_o such_o horse_n as_o be_v most_o unready_a and_o unfit_a for_o sudden_a occasion_n be_v cover_v with_o foot_n for_o three_o part_n of_o they_o at_o least_o that_o no_o impediment_n as_o merchant_n victualler_n artificer_n be_v lodge_v among_o the_o soldier_n and_o that_o the_o camp_n be_v well_o entrench_v and_o because_o a_o army_n be_v it_o never_o so_o well_o entrench_v lie_v thus_o will_v be_v force_v to_o send_v forager_n abroad_o it_o be_v a_o necessary_a providence_n and_o especial_o if_o the_o enemy_n be_v any_o thing_n near_o that_o some_o convenient_a number_n of_o troop_n do_v by_o turn_n stand_v by_o their_o arm_n that_o they_o be_v always_o ready_a to_o answer_v all_o alarm_n which_o be_v great_o further_v and_o a_o rescue_v the_o soon_o an_o with_o less_o dismay_n perform_v when_o some_o captain_n be_v thus_o find_v always_o in_o point_n and_o ready_a to_o march_v at_o the_o first_o word_n of_o command_n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o punctual_a example_n at_o caesar_n first_o land_v in_o this_o our_o island_n for_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a loss_n in_o his_o ship_n by_o a_o tempest_n the_o which_o encourage_v the_o britain_n so_o much_o the_o more_o to_o oppose_v he_o the_o which_o himself_o also_o suspect_v he_o cause_v his_o army_n to_o be_v strong_o entrench_v and_o send_v out_o one_o of_o his_o legion_n in_o its_o turn_n to_o fetch_v in_o corn_n the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a assault_v it_o the_o which_o be_v discover_v by_o a_o unusual_a dust_n caesar_n instant_o take_v two_o cohort_n which_o may_v amount_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 720_o man_n which_o be_v in_o station_n before_o the_o port_n of_o the_o camp_n command_v that_o other_o two_o shall_v supply_v their_o place_n and_o lead_v they_o on_o to_o the_o succour_n of_o the_o legion_n that_o be_v abroad_o the_o which_o he_o find_v in_o a_o dangerous_a fight_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o without_o this_o oportune_a supply_n have_v in_o all_o likelihood_n be_v cut_v off_o and_o be_v thus_o relieve_v as_o for_o the_o form_n of_o trench_n they_o be_v to_o be_v regulate_v either_o by_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n of_o the_o site_n their_o flank_n be_v to_o be_v distance_v about_o seventy_o pace_n one_o from_o another_o their_o depth_n breadth_n and_o height_n according_a to_o the_o time_n and_o intention_n of_o stay_n in_o that_o place_n and_o the_o expectance_n of_o a_o enemy_n in_o they_o entrance_n or_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v lay_v out_o for_o horse_n foot_n and_o carriage_n and_o to_o be_v cover_v with_o ravelin_n without_o and_o bar_v within_o and_o these_o trench_n be_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o convenient_a artillery_n so_o order_v and_o mount_v that_o be_v well_o flank_v they_o may_v command_v the_o campagna_n round_o about_o and_o beside_o all_o this_o the_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o strong_a and_o vigilant_a guard_n some_o whereof_o be_v the_o main_a guard_n the_o rest_n the_o petty_a guard_n one_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v near_o the_o general_n quarter_n and_o the_o commander_n thereof_o be_v style_v the_o captain_n general_n of_o the_o watch._n another_o mainguard_n be_v to_o be_v in_o every_o regiment_n which_o have_v likewise_o its_o captain_n by_o who_o the_o round_n be_v lay_v out_o and_o the_o rounder_n send_v abroad_o to_o visit_v the_o guard_n of_o the_o company_n and_o out_o of_o the_o mainguard_n by_o the_o general_n lodging_n the_o rounder_n be_v take_v out_o to_o visit_v all_o the_o petty_a guard_n and_o because_o it_o may_v be_v dangerous_a when_o in_o one_o discipline_n two_o round_n meet_v in_o their_o circuit_n that_o they_o which_o speak_v first_o in_o take_v the_o word_n of_o the_o other_o may_v hereby_o help_v the_o enemy_n to_o rob_v the_o word_n to_o prevent_v it_o it_o have_v by_o some_o be_v think_v a_o provident_a course_n that_o the_o two_o elder_a rounder_n shall_v make_v a_o exchange_n of_o their_o companion_n and_o so_o proceed_v to_o finish_v their_o circuit_n without_o give_v or_o take_v the_o word_n of_o any_o round_n at_o all_o the_o which_o i_o only_o offer_v to_o our_o present_a commander_n to_o take_v into_o their_o consideration_n as_o for_o the_o petty_a guard_n they_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n for_o either_o they_o consist_v of_o many_o person_n and_o be_v then_o term_v a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n or_o of_o one_o single_a man_n who_o be_v call_v a_o centinel_n a_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n may_v either_o be_v of_o horse_n which_o be_v a_o guard_n without_o the_o entrenchment_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o of_o foot_n who_o watch_v within_o before_o or_o at_o the_o port_n of_o the_o trench_n or_o any_o where_o else_o where_o the_o ser_n jeant-major_a shall_v hold_v it_o fit_a in_o the_o set_n out_o of_o the_o sentinel_n it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o they_o be_v not_o place_v overfar_a from_o any_o corpse_n du_fw-fr guard_n lest_o by_o be_v surprise_v by_o a_o enemy_n the_o secret_n of_o the_o army_n be_v discover_v and_o because_o it_o can_v choose_v but_o be_v full_a of_o hazard_n and_o subject_a to_o many_o casualty_n for_o a_o army_n to_o be_v bring_v up_o any_o thing_n near_o to_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n a_o
general_n be_v to_o be_v exceed_o circumspect_a and_o sure_a of_o some_o advantage_n also_o either_o by_o the_o place_n or_o his_o own_o virtue_n that_o shall_v adventure_v to_o do_v it_o if_o nevertheless_o necessity_n force_v hereunto_o it_o be_v a_o fit_a course_n for_o such_o a_o army_n to_o encamp_v and_o entrench_v itself_o round_o about_o some_o good_a town_n be_v to_o friend_n especial_o if_o that_o town_n be_v withal_o a_o place_n of_o a_o pass_n and_o by_o its_o situation_n and_o vicinity_n unto_o some_o other_o part_n in_o amity_n with_o it_o any_o other_o way_n advantageous_a for_o by_o this_o mean_v both_o the_o army_n and_o the_o town_n may_v be_v well_o secure_v and_o by_o the_o pass_n both_o of_o they_o continual_o supply_v with_o victual_n and_o munition_n as_o touch_v the_o fashion_n and_o form_n of_o the_o entrenchment_n to_o be_v practise_v in_o this_o case_n in_o the_o first_o place_n the_o ground_n and_o circumvallation_n of_o the_o utmost_a line_n be_v to_o be_v well_o view_v and_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v capable_a for_o the_o whole_a army_n to_o lodge_v in_o and_o all_o such_o high_a ground_n or_o hill_n as_o be_v any_o way_n near_o unto_o this_o circumvallation_n be_v to_o be_v take_v in_o and_o include_v to_o prevent_v the_o enemy_n from_o plant_v his_o cannon_n upon_o they_o and_o so_o to_o beat_v upon_o the_o leaguer_n or_o into_o the_o town_n these_o entrenchment_n also_o be_v to_o be_v convenient_o store_v with_o bastion_n and_o guard_v with_o flank_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o river_n pass_v through_o the_o part_n both_o side_n thereof_o be_v to_o be_v command_v and_o well_o secure_v with_o fort_n or_o at_o the_o least_o bastion_n and_o if_o it_o may_v be_v the_o whole_a work_n to_o be_v join_v to_o some_o fort_n erect_v within_o the_o town_n itself_o or_o at_o the_o least_o some_o suburb_n thereof_o and_o all_o these_o to_o be_v well_o defend_v with_o halfmoon_n and_o horn-works_a the_o suburb_n themselves_o likewise_o especial_o those_o that_o lie_v most_o in_o the_o enemy_n way_n of_o approach_n be_v to_o be_v entrench_v and_o guard_v with_o some_o work_n answer_v one_o unto_o another_o and_o join_v one_o upon_o another_o the_o main_a highway_n also_o lead_v unto_o the_o town_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o some_o fort_n and_o some_o battery_n to_o be_v erect_v here_o and_o there_o between_o they_o furnish_v with_o good_a ordnance_n to_o play_v upon_o all_o the_o avenue_n of_o the_o enemy_n as_o for_o the_o graft_n or_o moat_n encompass_v the_o whole_a circumvallation_n of_o the_o trench_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v twelve_o foot_n in_o the_o breadth_n and_o eight_o in_o depth_n and_o at_o the_o head-works_a eighteen_o foot_n in_o wideness_n and_o twelve_o deep_a and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o encamp_n quartering_n and_o entrenchment_n of_o a_o army_n purposely_o omit_v the_o ordinary_a way_n of_o lodging_n a_o particular_a regiment_n which_o be_v only_o the_o diminutive_a of_o the_o other_o and_o after_o the_o common_a way_n common_o know_v and_o thus_o we_o conclude_v our_o second_o book_n a_o discourse_n of_o the_o requisite_n in_o make_v of_o a_o war_n by_o land_n book_n iii_o of_o discipline_n chap._n i._o of_o consideration_n to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o entrance_n into_o a_o war_n in_o point_n of_o strength_n treasure_n country_n ship_n also_o in_o point_n of_o confederation_n and_o the_o true_a justness_n of_o the_o war._n consideration_n to_o be_v take_v in_o a_o defensive_a war._n how_o a_o defensive_a war_n may_v be_v best-made_a and_o maintain_v we_o be_v in_o this_o three_o book_n according_a to_o our_o method_n propound_v at_o the_o first_o to_o give_v some_o animadversion_n about_o the_o three_o necessary_a requirable_a in_o the_o make_n of_o a_o war_n which_o consist_v of_o matter_n of_o counsel_n advice_n stratagem_n and_o martial_a court_n touch_v which_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o variety_n and_o the_o answerable_a dependent_n i_o shall_v only_o speak_v of_o such_o as_o may_v afford_v the_o most_o general_a use_n and_o be_v most_o proper_o draw_v into_o imitation_n and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o some_o consideration_n needful_a to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o war_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o attempter_n of_o a_o war_n be_v therefore_o to_o deliberate_v concern_v both_o their_o own_o force_n and_o those_o they_o be_v to_o deal_v with_o they_o be_v diligent_o to_o inform_v themselves_o of_o their_o enemy_n treasure_n as_o well_o as_o their_o own_o how_o raise_v how_o maintain_v and_o chief_o they_o be_v to_o consult_v by_o what_o mean_v he_o may_v be_v deprive_v of_o they_o or_o of_o any_o part_n of_o they_o and_o thereby_o weaken_v in_o those_o main_a sinew_n of_o military_a strength_n the_o enemy_n militia_n as_o well_o by_o sea_n as_o by_o land_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o and_o herein_o notice_n be_v to_o be_v get_v not_o only_o of_o the_o number_n and_o value_n of_o his_o ship_n and_o boat_n but_o of_o his_o mariner_n and_o sea-commander_n and_o concern_v his_o land-force_n what_o number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n he_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v into_o the_o field_n how_o arm_v how_o discipline_v of_o what_o confidence_n and_o spirit_n and_o to_o what_o climate_n and_o country_n enure_v and_o how_o breed_v and_o bring_v up_o diligent_a and_o heedful_a inquiry_n be_v also_o to_o be_v make_v of_o what_o condition_n the_o enemy_n country_n be_v that_o be_v to_o be_v invade_v as_o whether_o it_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n by_o reason_n of_o wood_n mountams_n sea_n lake_n rivers_n marsh_n or_o artificial_o strong_a by_o fort_n castle_n and_o strong_a town_n of_o all_o which_o the_o number_n the_o site_n the_o quantity_n of_o munition_n the_o number_n of_o the_o defendant_n in_o every_o strength_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v strong_a by_o nature_n or_o by_o art_n or_o by_o both_o or_o by_o neither_o be_v as_o much_o as_o may_v be_v to_o be_v know_v beforehand_o that_o so_o the_o preparation_n may_v be_v make_v according_o all_o these_o particular_a discovery_n be_v thorough_o make_v upon_o those_o who_o be_v to_o be_v invade_v no_o less_o diligence_n be_v to_o be_v use_v by_o the_o invader_n concern_v his_o own_o preparation_n and_o especial_o in_o monies_n munition_n and_o victual_v and_o he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v well_o provide_v in_o the_o point_n of_o victual_n when_o neither_o his_o army_n in_o the_o field_n need_v complain_v of_o scarcity_n nor_o his_o town_n and_o fort_n remain_v disfurnish_v and_o of_o munition_n when_o he_o have_v not_o only_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o great_a gun_n for_o the_o field_n sea_n batteries_n and_o fort_n but_o also_o armour_n of_o all_o usual_a kind_n with_o the_o utensil_n due_a to_o a_o war_n as_o powder_n firework_n match_n engine_n ball_n gabion_n carriage_n beast_n for_o draught_n and_o labour_n bridges_n ladder_n plank_n spade_n shovel_n axe_n sack_n basket_n timber_n cable_n rope_n handmill_n etc._n etc._n but_o beside_o all_o these_o fit_a and_o provident_a confederation_n be_v to_o be_v make_v with_o all_o such_o foreign_a prince_n and_o state_n as_o may_v either_o assist_v or_o hinder_v the_o war_n either_o for_o benefit_n or_o traffic_n or_o for_o states-sake_n or_o for_o necessity_n of_o dependence_n or_o for_o alliance_n and_o consanguinity_n for_o these_o consideration_n be_v due_o observe_v and_o provide_v for_o the_o difficulty_n will_v prove_v less_o either_o for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o the_o war_n or_o the_o make_n of_o a_o peace_n as_o occasion_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n be_v present_v the_o justice_n likewise_o of_o the_o war_n ought_v to_o be_v divulge_v and_o that_o for_o a_o satisfaction_n as_o well_o to_o the_o natural_a subject_n as_o the_o neighbour-nation_n and_o this_o may_v be_v do_v by_o a_o publication_n of_o the_o original_a cause_n that_o war_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v for_o just_a which_o be_v indeed_o without_o false_a pretence_n make_v for_o the_o true_a religion_n for_o just_a liberty_n for_o repel_v of_o public_a wrong_n by_o a_o foreign_a state_n after_o refusal_n of_o redress_n in_o defence_n of_o friend_n violent_o and_o injurious_o oppress_v and_o that_o war_n un_fw-fr just_a which_o be_v take_v up_o for_o private_a end_n ambition_n revenge_n and_o empire_n as_o touch_v such_o invasion_n as_o be_v to_o be_v attempt_v by_o sea_n and_o ship_n whosoever_o intend_v they_o be_v to_o assure_v himself_o beforehand_o of_o some_o commodious_a and_o sure_a landing-place_n that_o neither_o the_o ship_n suffer_v wrack_n or_o eminent_a danger_n in_o approach_v the_o coast_n nor_o the_o soldier_n incur_v manifest_a hazard_n at_o their_o dis-imbarqueing_a and_o of_o the_o same_o importance_n be_v the_o forecast_v of_o a_o safe_a place_n of_o retreat_n if_o peradventure_o the_o army_n shall_v be_v repel_v by_o extremity_n of_o
weather_n contagion_n of_o sickness_n or_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o thus_o far_o concern_v such_o consideration_n and_o counsel_n as_o be_v aforehand_o to_o be_v take_v in_o point_n of_o a_o invasive_a war._n as_o for_o such_o as_o be_v to_o be_v practise_v in_o a_o war_n defensive_a though_o the_o sure_a defence_n be_v offence_n yet_o such_o as_o be_v force_v unto_o it_o be_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o assure_v themselves_o of_o their_o neighbour_n by_o league_n or_o by_o provision_n of_o treasure_n to_o defray_v all_o charge_n or_o by_o a_o army_n so_o govern_v by_o discretion_n that_o no_o fight_n be_v admit_v in_o heat_n and_o rashness_n and_o yet_o so_o avoid_v that_o the_o army_n may_v not_o seem_v to_o forbear_v the_o battle_n for_o fear_n which_o may_v utter_o discourage_v the_o common_a soldier_n or_o encourage_v the_o enemy_n but_o rather_o as_o do_v out_o of_o policy_n and_o withal_o that_o the_o country_n be_v on_o all_o side_n waste_v where_o the_o enemy_n be_v to_o pass_v so_o that_o nothing_o may_v be_v find_v for_o he_o to_o make_v use_n of_o and_o in_o the_o interim_n the_o defensive_a army_n to_o be_v commodious_o entrench_v have_v withal_o a_o guard_n upon_o the_o enemy_n army_n on_o all_o side_n that_o no_o relief_n or_o as_o little_a as_o may_v be_v may_v be_v bring_v unto_o it_o this_o defensive_a war_n may_v also_o be_v maintain_v by_o the_o erect_n of_o fort_n and_o the_o fortify_v of_o town_n for_o hereby_o the_o defendant_n may_v not_o only_o secure_v their_o life_n from_o all_o sudden_a eruption_n and_o keep_v short_a the_o enemy_n from_o relief_n but_o defer_v battle_n at_o pleasure_n and_o thereby_o abate_v the_o enemy_n heat_n and_o pride_n as_o for_o the_o part_n where_o these_o fortification_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v they_o be_v those_o which_o may_v give_v the_o most_o impediment_n to_o the_o enemy_n attempt_n and_o most_o security_n to_o the_o defendant_n as_o upon_o the_o seacoast_n the_o port_n and_o land_v place_n and_o in_o the_o midland_n part_n upon_o narrows_n and_o straight_a passage_n and_o the_o capital_a city_n and_o these_o fort_n be_v not_o to_o be_v so_o great_a but_o that_o they_o may_v be_v man_v and_o furnish_v as_o well_o with_o munition_n as_o man_n without_o the_o weaken_n of_o the_o main_a army_n in_o the_o field_n nor_o to_o be_v so_o small_a but_o to_o be_v sufficient_o capacious_a to_o receive_v the_o peasant_n and_o the_o best_a of_o their_o substance_n in_o case_n of_o necessity_n chap._n ii_o of_o a_o defensive_a war_n how_o best_o make_v and_o maintain_v that_o when_o a_o victory_n may_v be_v gain_v without_o blow_n a_o battle_n be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v how_o troop_n suspect_v either_o for_o courage_n or_o loyalty_n be_v to_o be_v order_v in_o battle_n what_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v first_o to_o be_v charge_v requisite_a consideration_n in_o and_o after_o battle_n in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n occasional_o only_a we_o make_v some_o mention_n touch_v the_o avoid_n of_o battle_n in_o case_n of_o a_o defensive_a war._n but_o in_o this_o we_o shall_v enlarge_v our_o advertisement_n concern_v that_o particular_a it_o have_v be_v always_o a_o sure_a maxim_n of_o war_n that_o whensoever_o by_o foresight_n well_o ground_v victory_n come_v towards_o one_o without_o blow_n or_o wound_n as_o either_o by_o block_v up_o the_o passage_n and_o so_o cut_v off_o all_o supply_n or_o by_o any_o the_o like_a mean_n that_o in_o such_o case_n a_o enemy_n be_v not_o to_o be_v assault_v nor_o admit_v to_o the_o term_n of_o a_o battle_n for_o it_o suit_n better_a with_o the_o worth_n of_o the_o spirit_n and_o the_o essence_n of_o our_o nature_n so_o to_o direct_v the_o course_n of_o a_o action_n that_o a_o enemy_n may_v be_v conquer_v rather_o by_o wit_n then_o war._n and_o hereof_o we_o have_v a_o example_n in_o caesar_n commentary_n where_o caesar_n have_v shut_v up_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n in_o a_o place_n of_o advantage_n although_o he_o may_v have_v cut_v they_o to_o piece_n by_o a_o assault_n yet_o find_v the_o victory_n sure_a without_o a_o fight_n without_o blood_n and_o without_o hazard_n he_o thus_o answer_v his_o captain_n who_o urge_v he_o to_o storm_v they_o cur_n secundo_fw-la praelio_fw-la aliquos_fw-la ex_fw-la suis_fw-la amitteret_fw-la cur_n vulnerari_fw-la pateretur_fw-la optime_fw-la de_fw-la se_fw-la meritos_fw-la milites_fw-la cur_n denique_fw-la fortunam_fw-la periclitaretur_fw-la and_o indeed_o before_o the_o fall_n upon_o a_o battle_n at_o any_o time_n these_o follow_a particular_n be_v constant_o to_o be_v receive_v that_o a_o view_n be_v take_v of_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o army_n and_o impartial_o compare_v with_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n that_o the_o place_n of_o battle_n be_v near_o some_o safe_a retreat_n either_o of_o a_o camp_n well_o entrench_v and_o sufficient_o leave_v with_o guard_n or_o some_o town_n of_o defence_n near_o to_o friend_n that_o all_o course_n be_v take_v to_o give_v courage_n and_o confidence_n to_o the_o soldier_n either_o by_o some_o fit_a apply_v word_n of_o exhortation_n or_o by_o some_o encourage_v stratagem_n or_o by_o show_n of_o contempt_n of_o the_o enemy_n strength_n or_o augmentation_n of_o his_o own_o or_o by_o make_v show_n of_o some_o secret_a intelligence_n from_o the_o enemy_n camp_n or_o report_v some_o rumour_n of_o their_o fear_n and_o diffidence_n that_o in_o the_o order_n of_o the_o army_n to_o the_o battle_n the_o enemy_n order_n be_v heedful_o observe_v as_o also_o the_o site_n and_o form_n of_o the_o place_n and_o ground_n where_o the_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v fight_v to_o which_o a_o answerable_a accommodation_n be_v in_o every_o respect_n to_o be_v observe_v as_o well_o in_o relation_n to_o the_o form_n as_o number_v of_o division_n as_o also_o for_o the_o order_n of_o the_o artillery_n to_o the_o best_a use_n and_o most_o annoyance_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o new_a troop_n that_o may_v be_v suspect_v in_o their_o worth_n and_o especial_o loyalty_n that_o they_o be_v place_v rather_o in_o the_o battle_n or_o middle-guard_n itself_o than_o any_o of_o the_o wing_n for_o be_v thus_o order_v they_o shall_v neither_o be_v so_o put_v to_o it_o in_o point_n of_o courage_n if_o they_o be_v want_v that_o way_n nor_o can_v they_o find_v mean_n or_o scope_n to_o fling_v out_o or_o to_o take_v advantage_n to_o a_o mischief_n as_o if_o they_o be_v order_v in_o the_o wing_n for_o the_o wing_n in_o a_o set_a battle_n be_v the_o strength_n of_o it_o and_o the_o principal_a instrument_n and_o it_o have_v ever_o be_v find_v that_o as_o long_o as_o they_o stand_v firm_a the_o day_n stand_v fair_a for_o by_o they_o the_o enemy_n be_v keep_v from_o surround_v the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o same_o army_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n have_v the_o advantage_n of_o charge_v the_o enemy_n in_o the_o flank_n upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n consideration_n be_v also_o to_o be_v have_v whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o advantage_n to_o charge_n or_o to_o attend_v the_o charge_n if_o to_o charge_n which_o be_v most_o approvable_a in_o a_o open_a country_n that_o then_o it_o be_v perform_v with_o the_o whole_a front_n at_o once_o rather_o than_o by_o light_a skirmish_n in_o the_o wing_n and_o corner_n lest_o such_o of_o these_o as_o may_v chance_v to_o be_v rebut_v upon_o the_o main-vant-guard_n strike_v a_o terror_n and_o perhaps_o disorder_v through_o the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o army_n of_o which_o there_o have_v be_v infinite_a example_n a_o especial_a observation_n be_v likewise_o to_o be_v make_v touch_v the_o part_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n which_o be_v first_o to_o be_v charge_v with_o the_o ancient_n and_o many_o of_o the_o modern_n it_o be_v a_o maxim_n that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v the_o weak_a part_n and_o this_o be_v practise_v by_o caesar_n in_o his_o first_o battle_n with_o arionistus_fw-la and_o by_o scipio_n in_o spain_n and_o the_o motive_n hereunto_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o regard_n that_o man_n judgement_n be_v favourable_a to_o that_o which_o happen_v well_o at_o the_o first_o the_o sequel_n of_o every_o action_n depend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n upon_o the_o beginning_n neither_o can_v there_o be_v a_o good_a end_n without_o a_o good_a beginning_n for_o though_o a_o beginning_n be_v often_o disastrous_a and_o unlucky_a and_o the_o end_n fortunate_a and_o happy_a yet_o before_o it_o come_v to_o that_o end_n there_o be_v a_o fortunate_a beginning_n and_o therefore_o that_o a_o army_n may_v foresee_v a_o happy_a end_n in_o a_o good_a beginning_n it_o be_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o maxim_n that_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o assault_n shall_v be_v with_o the_o best_a of_o the_o army_n upon_o the_o weak_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o
yet_o contrary_a to_o this_o axiom_n that_o absolute_a and_o glorious_a soldier_n the_o brave_a king_n of_o sweden_n in_o the_o battle_n of_o lutzen_n give_v order_n to_o have_v the_o strong_a part_n of_o the_o enemy_n battle_n to_o be_v first_o charge_v for_o see_v the_o cuirassier_n of_o the_o enemy_n horse_n in_o one_o division_n by_o themselves_o in_o the_o front_n and_o the_o crabrat_n the_o light-armed_n in_o another_o charge_v home_o say_v he_o to_o one_o of_o his_o prime_a commander_n these_o black_a companion_n in_o their_o complete_a arm_n for_o these_o be_v they_o will_v put_v we_o to_o it_o as_o for_o the_o crabrat_n i_o care_v not_o for_o they_o by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o his_o direction_n be_v that_o the_o flower_n of_o the_o enemy_n army_n be_v well_o put_v to_o it_o at_o the_o first_o and_o this_o be_v likely_a to_o be_v do_v best_a when_o his_o man_n be_v at_o the_o fresh_a if_o they_o shall_v once_o be_v rout_v it_o will_v not_o only_o occasion_v a_o dismay_n to_o the_o part_n where_o they_o be_v but_o leave_v a_o easy_a task_n for_o the_o rout_v of_o all_o the_o rest_n behind_o neither_o for_o my_o part_n do_v i_o find_v less_o reason_n for_o this_o than_o the_o ancient_n and_o the_o other_o do_v for_o their_o practice_n last_o care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v before_o the_o charge_n be_v give_v that_o a_o watchword_n or_o rather_o some_o particular_a sign_n and_o visible_a token_n or_o both_o the_o one_o and_o other_o be_v impart_v to_o the_o whole_a army_n that_o in_o all_o medlies_n they_o may_v be_v know_v one_o to_o another_o and_o distinguish_v from_o the_o enemy_n and_o then_o to_o give_v the_o signal_n of_o battle_n and_o the_o rather_o if_o either_o any_o fear_n or_o disorder_n be_v perceive_v among_o the_o enemy_n or_o a_o forward_a desire_n and_o heat_n to_o the_o fight_n with_o his_o own_o man_n and_o these_o be_v the_o observation_n and_o direction_n requirable_a before_o a_o battle_n be_v 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the_o person_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o deserver_n lest_o as_o now_o adays_o in_o the_o disorder_a discipline_n of_o the_o age_n those_o come_v to_o most_o get_n which_o come_v to_o least_o blow_n that_o over_z and_z above_o the_o common_a distribution_n all_o eminency_n of_o worth_n wheresoever_o it_o be_v find_v be_v reward_v and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v a_o renovation_n of_o that_o roman_a way_n to_o give_v some_o portable_a mark_n of_o honour_n together_o with_o a_o sufficiency_n of_o competent_a subsistence_n that_o on_o the_o other_o side_n all_o cowardice_n be_v punish_v even_o to_o the_o least_o touch_n of_o it_o wheresoever_o it_o shall_v be_v find_v that_o mercy_n be_v use_v to_o captive_n and_o good_a quarter_n give_v they_o that_o the_o dead_a on_o both_o side_n be_v bury_v that_o the_o acceptable_a sacrifice_n of_o thanksgiving_n be_v offer_v to_o the_o great_a giver_n of_o victory_n as_o the_o gift_n earnest_o and_o humble_o crave_v of_o he_o before_z at_z and_o after_o the_o attempt_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o pursuit_n of_o a_o victory_n reason_n for_o pursue_v a_o beat_a army_n rather_o than_o take_v in_o to_n of_o mercy_n to_o captive_n term_v give_v of_o quarter_n of_o quarter_n to_o be_v give_v to_o neuter_n order_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o take_n of_o prisoner_n have_v in_o the_o last_o forego_v chapter_n make_v only_o a_o mention_n of_o the_o pursue_v of_o victory_n and_o the_o show_v of_o mercy_n to_o captive_n in_o the_o very_a latter_a end_n of_o the_o chapter_n we_o shall_v in_o this_o enlarge_v ourselves_o touch_v both_o these_o particular_n as_o be_v point_n of_o main_a consequence_n and_o concernment_n touch_v the_o pursue_n of_o a_o victory_n after_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o battle_n it_o have_v be_v much_o controvert_v among_o the_o great_a commander_n whether_o after_o the_o rout_v of_o a_o enemy_n army_n the_o break_a army_n shall_v be_v thorough_o pursue_v or_o the_o conqueror_n shall_v apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o take_n in_o of_o some_o frontier_n town_n belong_v to_o the_o beat_a side_n those_o that_o hold_v for_o the_o take_n in_o of_o town_n have_v deliver_v these_o reason_n that_o the_o great_a astonishment_n that_o general_o befall_v to_o such_o as_o be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o field_n do_v common_o so_o extend_v itself_o to_o all_o the_o member_n of_o that_o party_n that_o mere_a fear_n may_v procure_v a_o rendry_a of_o a_o strong_a place_n at_o the_o very_a first_o summons_n or_o within_o two_o or_o three_o day_n which_o at_o another_o time_n will_v not_o be_v carry_v in_o twelve_o month_n or_o perhaps_o not_o at_o all_o second_o that_o the_o take_n in_o of_o one_o strong_a town_n be_v many_o time_n of_o as_o much_o importance_n as_o the_o rout_v of_o a_o fresh_a army_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o especial_o when_o hereby_o the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v deprive_v of_o all_o retreat_n in_o those_o part_n three_o that_o a_o rout_v army_n think_v of_o nothing_o but_o flight_n and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overtake_v and_o stay_v without_o great_a difficulty_n and_o much_o harrasing_n and_o toil_n of_o the_o pursuer_n four_o that_o a_o beat_a army_n thus_o fly_v fall_v to_o piece_n of_o itself_o and_o deserve_v not_o any_o great_a regard_n much_o less_o be_v any_o important_a opportunity_n to_o be_v neglect_v upon_o this_o consideration_n on_o the_o other_o side_n such_o as_o argue_v for_o the_o thorough_a pursuit_n of_o a_o beat_a and_o fly_a army_n allege_v that_o hereupon_o the_o one_o of_o these_o two_o effect_n must_v necessary_o follow_v either_o that_o the_o enemy_n army_n shall_v hereby_o be_v absolute_o defeat_v or_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v constrain_v to_o capitulate_v for_o their_o retreat_n whereas_o if_o they_o shall_v be_v quiet_o suffer_v to_o pass_v without_o a_o perfect_a rout_n their_o able_a commander_n may_v find_v mean_n in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o become_v once_o more_o able_a to_o march_v for_o i_o own_o part_n when_o i_o consider_v of_o the_o reason_n on_o each_o side_n i_o be_o make_v the_o most_o inclinable_a to_o those_o that_o hold_v for_o the_o thorough_a pursuit_n of_o the_o beat_a army_n for_o though_o a_o victory_n by_o the_o gain_n of_o a_o battle_n may_v perhaps_o strike_v some_o terror_n among_o besognes_n and_o freshwater_n soldier_n and_o with_o such_o procure_v a_o easy_a rendry_n of_o such_o town_n as_o be_v man_v with_o such_o man_n yet_o with_o old_a soldier_n though_o beat_v have_v true_a commander_n who_o always_o sell_v themselves_o dear_a it_o procure_v a_o quite_o contrary_a effect_n and_o obstinate_v they_o to_o all_o kind_n of_o possible_a defence_n beside_o though_o the_o take_n of_o some_o one_o strong_a town_n may_v as_o it_o may_v be_v site_v prove_v as_o gainful_a as_o the_o rout_v of_o a_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n yet_o whensoever_o the_o take_n of_o any_o such_o place_n shall_v cost_v much_o time_n it_o shall_v not_o only_o weaken_v the_o victorious_a army_n that_o besiege_v it_o and_o retard_v it_o from_o make_v use_n of_o the_o victory_n late_o get_v but_o give_v the_o beat_a enemy_n liberty_n and_o opportunity_n to_o reinforce_v their_o troop_n safeguard_n their_o ordnance_n and_o either_o by_o way_n of_o diversion_n as_o fall_v upon_o some_o other_o part_n or_o by_o make_v head_n against_o the_o besiege_n enemy_n himself_o and_o cut_v he_o short_a from_o victual_n quite_o alter_v the_o face_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o war._n again_o though_o a_o rout_v army_n may_v perhaps_o for_o the_o time_n think_v of_o nothing_o but_o a_o flight_n and_o this_o may_v hasten_v it_o so_o as_o may_v cost_v some_o time_n and_o labour_n in_o the_o pursuit_n yet_o be_v hot_o pursue_v by_o the_o horse_n only_o of_o the_o victorious_a side_n it_o must_v needs_o suffer_v
his_o place_n unto_o he_o that_o do_v first_o discover_v the_o default_n unto_o the_o constable_n or_o marshal_n and_o that_o every_o one_o in_o who_o custody_n this_o prisoner_n shall_v chance_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v careful_a to_o conceal_v from_o he_o all_o the_o secret_n and_o avenue_n upon_o the_o camp_n to_o which_o end_n he_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suffer_v to_o walk_v at_o large_a nor_o to_o range_v about_o without_o a_o good_a guard_n upon_o he_o and_o this_o upon_o pain_n of_o lose_v his_o prisoner_n ransom_n whereof_o the_o one_o three_o part_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v to_o his_o captain_n the_o other_o three_o to_o the_o constable_n and_o the_o last_o to_o the_o informer_n and_o the_o person_n also_o of_o the_o delinquent_n to_o be_v under_o arrest_n at_o the_o general_n pleasure_n neither_o be_v any_o man_n to_o ransom_v his_o prisoner_n without_o licence_n of_o the_o general_n or_o the_o constable_n or_o marshal_n nor_o any_o private_a person_n to_o give_v any_o safe-conduct_n to_o any_o prisoner_n upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n of_o all_o his_o good_n and_o his_o body_n to_o be_v under_o arrest_n during_o the_o king_n pleasure_n and_o whosoever_o violate_v the_o king_n or_o general_n safe-conduct_n be_v to_o be_v hang_v draw_v and_o quarter_v and_o be_v thus_o fall_v upon_o the_o punishment_n of_o delinquent_n in_o a_o martial_a way_n we_o shall_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n say_v somewhat_o of_o martial_a court_n chap._n iu._n of_o the_o martial_a court_n in_o a_o army_n royal_a the_o manner_n of_o trial_n in_o they_o of_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o delinquent_n in_o these_o court_n of_o punishment_n in_o crime_n not_o capital_a in_o a_o well_o discipline_v army_n three_o several_a kind_n of_o martial_a court_n be_v to_o be_v institute_v for_o it_o be_v a_o novelty_n to_o have_v martial_a law_n deny_v in_o the_o government_n of_o a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n and_o a_o absurd_a one_o the_o first_o martial_a court_n consist_v of_o all_o the_o commander_n in_o chief_a with_o the_o colonel_n and_o judge-marshal_n general_n and_o this_o court_n after_o due_a notice_n take_v of_o the_o offence_n pronounce_v sentence_n according_o and_o from_o this_o court_n lie_v no_o appeal_n but_o to_o it_o may_v appeal_n be_v make_v from_o any_o of_o the_o other_o two_o in_o the_o second_o rank_n be_v those_o court_n which_o be_v weekly_a hold_v in_o every_o regiment_n and_o often_o if_o cause_n require_v and_o the_o colonel_n of_o the_o regiment_n with_o the_o judge-marshal_n here_o sit_v in_o their_o several_a court_n and_o pronounce_v sentence_n upon_o the_o delinquent_n of_o their_o several_a regiment_n of_o the_o three_o rank_n be_v that_o court_n where_o the_o judge-marshal_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o judge-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n sit_v and_o only_o they_o and_o this_o court_n take_v notice_n of_o all_o cause_n both_o criminal_a and_o civil_a and_o be_v institute_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o commander_n and_o into_o this_o court_n the_o offender_n and_o their_o offence_n be_v present_v by_o the_o provost-marshal_n of_o the_o regiment_n who_o office_n also_o it_o be_v to_o produce_v the_o accuser_n and_o to_o attend_v the_o trial_n and_o censure_n the_o which_o they_o be_v also_o to_o see_v execute_v touch_v the_o manner_n and_o form_n of_o the_o trial_n in_o all_o these_o court_n they_o be_v not_o much_o dissonant_n from_o those_o in_o court_n criminal_a ordinary_o practise_v for_o the_o accuser_n be_v hear_v upon_o their_o oath_n as_o also_o the_o witness_n and_o the_o accuse_v have_v full_a liberty_n to_o speak_v for_o themselves_o and_o be_v to_o be_v hear_v with_o patience_n and_o equanimitie_n only_o the_o decision_n in_o stead_n of_o common_a juror_n be_v pass_v by_o most_o voice_n be_v the_o vote_n of_o such_o commander_n as_o sit_v judge_n in_o the_o several_a court_n and_o the_o censure_n pronounce_v for_o the_o most_o part_n by_o the_o judge-marshal_n or_o in_o his_o absence_n by_o the_o precedent_n of_o the_o court_n for_o the_o time_n be_v who_o be_v common_o the_o most_o eminent_a officer_n among_o they_o and_o these_o form_n and_o course_n of_o trial_n seem_v to_o i_o without_o exception_n and_o be_v so_o proper_a and_o essential_a to_o the_o well_o regulate_v and_o government_n of_o a_o army_n in_o regard_n that_o delay_n of_o execution_n upon_o delinquent_n in_o many_o case_n can_v be_v endure_v without_o thousand_o of_o variety_n of_o danger_n that_o for_o my_o part_n i_o can_v understand_v how_o a_o army_n can_v subsist_v without_o they_o as_o for_o the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o delinquent_n by_o these_o court_n in_o capital_a cause_n they_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n which_o be_v hold_v the_o fair_a hang_v and_o sometime_o impale_v that_o delinquent_n be_v to_o be_v shoot_v to_o death_n who_o kill_v any_o man_n in_o duel_n within_o canonshot_n of_o the_o camp_n or_o that_o make_v any_o attempt_n upon_o the_o enemy_n without_o direction_n or_o leave_n from_o his_o superior_a commander_n he_o be_v to_o be_v hang_v that_o rob_v murder_n desperate_o and_o obstinate_o blaspheme_v that_o be_v a_o mutineer_n or_o a_o inciter_n of_o mutiny_n that_o rescu_v offender_n from_o the_o execution_n of_o a_o censure_n that_o strike_v his_o commander_n that_o wilful_o discharge_v his_o piece_n to_o give_v a_o false_a alarm_n in_o the_o night_n or_o in_o any_o ambush_n by_o day_n that_o license_v soldier_n for_o money_n to_o leave_v the_o army_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o general_n that_o take_v pay_v of_o two_o captain_n that_o fight_n or_o quarrel_n in_o the_o instant_n of_o service_n or_o upon_o the_o expectation_n in_o which_o case_n also_o it_o be_v permit_v for_o any_o soldier_n to_o kill_v such_o a_o soldier_n that_o absent_v himself_o from_o his_o duty_n that_o abandon_v his_o colour_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v lose_v that_o disperse_v false_a news_n or_o report_n of_o purpose_n to_o discourage_v his_o companion_n that_o straggle_v from_o his_o colour_n in_o a_o march_n or_o keep_v not_o his_o appoint_a place_n that_o give_v not_o the_o alarm_n to_o the_o camp_n upon_o just_a cause_n when_o he_o stand_v centinel_n that_o answer_v not_o all_o alarm_n that_o go_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n or_o trench_n by_o any_o extraordinary_a way_n save_o the_o common_a one_o that_o sell_v his_o horse_n or_o arm_n when_o service_n be_v expect_v that_o succour_v not_o his_o general_n or_o captain_n be_v in_o danger_n that_o quit_v a_o place_n commit_v to_o his_o charge_n be_v not_o enforce_v by_o the_o enemy_n that_o offender_n be_v to_o be_v empale_v that_o willing_o and_o of_o purpose_n change_v the_o watchword_n or_o make_v it_o know_v to_o the_o enemy_n that_o commit_v treason_n against_o the_o person_n of_o the_o general_n or_o army_n in_o general_a that_o poison_v the_o artillery_n or_o by_o any_o way_n malicious_o make_v it_o unserviceable_a or_o endeavour_n to_o make_v it_o so_o and_o last_o that_o entertain_v any_o secret_a intelligence_n with_o the_o enemy_n and_o these_o be_v the_o capital_a punishment_n for_o capital_a offence_n as_o for_o the_o inferior_a and_o less_o capital_a he_o be_v to_o be_v imprison_v that_o fight_n swagger_n swear_v cousin_n drink_v drink_v that_o be_v a_o common_a gamester_n absent_v himself_o from_o his_o quarter_n by_o night_n that_o pay_v not_o the_o merchant_n artificer_n or_o victualler_n their_o due_n that_o either_o by_o negligence_n or_o folly_n discover_v any_o purpose_n or_o intention_n of_o the_o army_n that_o strike_v or_o beat_v any_o soldier_n without_o cause_n that_o neglect_v divine_a service_n he_o be_v to_o undergo_v the_o cudgel_n that_o be_v contumax_n or_o insolent_a towards_o his_o commander_n that_o keep_v not_o his_o arm_n clean_a and_o in_o point_n that_o either_o sell_v or_o pawn_n his_o arm_n or_o buy_v or_o take_v any_o arm_n to_o pawn_v he_o be_v to_o be_v disarm_v or_o banish_v the_o army_n or_o strappado_v or_o whip_v but_o this_o last_o be_v seldom_o to_o be_v give_v to_o a_o soldier_n that_o shall_v obstinate_o persevere_v in_o any_o crime_n whatsoever_o and_o these_o and_o such_o as_o these_o be_v the_o crime_n punishable_a in_o martial_a court_n and_o indeed_o any_o other_o crime_n whatsoever_o which_o shall_v tend_v to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o army_n or_o the_o debanch_n of_o the_o soldier_n chap._n v._o of_o the_o lay_n and_o prevent_v of_o ambushment_n how_o a_o discovery_n upon_o a_o enemy_n may_v best_o be_v make_v of_o the_o fit_a place_n for_o ambushment_n of_o the_o service_n of_o horseman_n and_o footman_n which_o to_o be_v prefer_v we_o shall_v in_o this_o chapter_n give_v some_o advertisement_n and_o that_o very_o brief_o about_o two_o particular_n not_o yet_o mention_v touch_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o ambushment_n with_o the_o prevention_n of_o fall_v into_o they_o and_o the_o
compare_v of_o horse_n and_o foot_n in_o the_o advantage_n and_o disadvantage_n they_o have_v one_o of_o another_o that_o so_o the_o discreet_a commander_n may_v make_v use_n of_o they_o according_o as_o touch_v the_o lay_v out_o of_o ambushment_n the_o especial_a point_n to_o be_v aim_v at_o and_o heed_v be_v that_o it_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o part_n as_o may_v lest_o be_v suspect_v and_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v fall_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o they_o to_o give_v colour_n whereunto_o one_o common_a trick_n have_v be_v to_o pretend_v aforehand_o in_o such_o a_o kind_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v so_o conceive_v it_o some_o fear_n and_o so_o a_o flight_n or_o some_o want_n of_o necessary_n and_o the_o like_a whereby_o the_o enemy_n may_v be_v draw_v to_o a_o more_o eager_a and_o bold_a pursuit_n and_o so_o the_o more_o heedless_o and_o unrecovered_o fall_v within_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o ambush_n and_o many_o other_o the_o like_a practice_n of_o this_o nature_n may_v be_v think_v upon_o to_o this_o purpose_n as_o for_o the_o course_n of_o prevention_n from_o fall_v into_o these_o ambush_n it_o be_v a_o good_a general_a rule_n to_o suspect_v all_o sudden_a remove_n and_o fall_n off_o of_o a_o enemy_n in_o which_o case_n a_o exact_a and_o cautious_a discovery_n be_v to_o be_v make_v even_o to_o the_o very_a place_n where_o there_o be_v any_o intention_n to_o lodge_v and_o the_o manner_n observe_v in_o these_o discovery_n have_v usual_o be_v to_o send_v out_o party_n in_o three_o company_n or_o division_n the_o first_o to_o consist_v of_o a_o small_a number_n to_o beat_v the_o way_n at_o ease_n and_o to_o range_v about_o from_o place_n to_o place_n where_o any_o danger_n may_v be_v expect_v the_o second_o party_n to_o be_v somewhat_o strong_a the_o better_a to_o second_v and_o bring_v off_o the_o first_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o the_o three_o to_o be_v so_o strong_a as_o to_o make_v head_n against_o and_o to_o engage_v a_o strong_a party_n of_o the_o enemy_n if_o he_o shall_v present_v it_o and_o thus_o do_v cyrus_n in_o his_o so_o famous_a descent_n dispose_v of_o his_o forerunner_n and_o discoverer_n in_o the_o like_a case_n as_o xenophon_n lay_v it_o down_o and_o that_o with_o very_o good_a success_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o discovery_n be_v ever_o to_o be_v make_v with_o the_o light-armed_n troop_n for_o it_o be_v a_o point_n of_o no_o small_a concernment_n to_o be_v thorough_o inform_v of_o the_o true_a distance_n of_o the_o place_n the_o condition_n of_o the_o way_n the_o nature_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o the_o course_n and_o passage_n of_o the_o river_n where_o the_o army_n be_v to_o pass_v this_o can_v better_o be_v perform_v nor_o so_o well_o as_o by_o the_o light-armed_n and_o be_v by_o they_o thorough_o do_v afford_v incomparable_a advantage_n good_a discovery_n be_v the_o very_a eye_n of_o a_o army_n whereby_o the_o resolution_n of_o providence_n be_v guide_v and_o the_o path_n of_o safety_n delineate_v that_o so_o there_o may_v be_v no_o stumble_n upon_o casualty_n and_o all_o this_o be_v attain_v by_o a_o perfect_a intelligence_n of_o the_o true_a face_n of_o the_o country_n and_o in_o know_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o the_o face_n of_o the_o country_n be_v best_a know_v by_o the_o use_n and_o employment_n of_o the_o native_a guide_n of_o the_o country_n provide_v that_o they_o be_v always_o associate_v with_o some_o faithful_a scout_n of_o one_o own_o that_o so_o there_o need_v not_o be_v a_o absolute_a reliance_n upon_o a_o stranger_n information_n and_o as_o for_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o may_v be_v sure_a have_v by_o the_o light_a arm_a horse_n who_o nevertheless_o be_v not_o to_o be_v overforward_a in_o inform_v upon_o every_o new_a trifle_a motion_n but_o to_o have_v their_o intelligence_n confirm_v unto_o they_o by_o divers_a and_o various_a way_n and_o mean_n lest_o some_o error_n and_o mistake_n befall_v they_o through_o passion_n or_o affection_n as_o to_o those_o in_o france_n who_o through_o the_o passion_n of_o fear_n take_v a_o field_n of_o great_a thistle_n for_o a_o mighty_a body_n of_o pike_n as_o touch_v the_o fit_a person_n to_o be_v lay_v out_o in_o ambush_n it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o all_o ambushment_n be_v make_v use_n of_o either_o to_o endanger_v and_o ensnare_v the_o enemy_n in_o a_o fight_n in_o the_o field_n or_o to_o entrap_v and_o hinder_v he_o in_o his_o march_n and_o example_n of_o each_o sort_n be_v find_v frequent_o practise_v by_o that_o subtle_a hannibal_n in_o his_o italian_a war_n in_o the_o first_o whereof_o he_o constant_o employ_v as_o well_o the_o heavy_a arm_a soldier_n as_o the_o light_n in_o the_o second_o the_o light-armed_n alone_o who_o agility_n and_o expedition_n give_v they_o opportunity_n and_o advantage_n with_o their_o missive_n weapon_n to_o assault_n and_o annoy_v the_o enemy_n though_o the_o ground_n be_v never_o so_o straight_o or_o uneven_a and_o these_o also_o may_v be_v more_o easy_o lodge_v without_o discovery_n as_o for_o the_o part_n and_o place_n most_o proper_a and_o fit_a for_o the_o receipt_n and_o lodging_n of_o these_o ambush_n they_o be_v such_o as_o be_v most_o remove_v from_o the_o view_n as_o wood_n mountain_n forest_n rock_n bank_n of_o river_n hollow_n and_o deep_a way_n in_o short_a any_o place_n or_o piece_n of_o ground_n wherein_o some_o number_n and_o troop_n of_o soldier_n may_v best_o lie_v obscure_v and_o hide_v and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o order_n and_o disposal_n of_o ambush_n with_o the_o use_n of_o they_o we_o be_v now_o to_o fall_v upon_o a_o comparison_n between_o the_o cavalry_n and_o infantrie_n in_o point_n of_o war_n with_o respect_n to_o the_o advantage_n or_o disadvantage_n they_o have_v one_o above_o another_o according_a to_o the_o several_a service_n and_o occasion_n they_o may_v be_v employ_v in_o touch_v which_o such_o as_o prefer_v the_o footman_n or_o infantrie_n before_o the_o cavalry_n or_o horse_n give_v these_o reason_n that_o the_o foot_n may_v be_v employ_v in_o all_o place_n and_o upon_o all_o occasion_n whereas_o the_o horse_n in_o craggy_a and_o rough_a way_n be_v of_o little_a or_o no_o use_n at_o all_o that_o the_o foot_n be_v more_o ready_a and_o less_o chargeable_a and_o be_v well_o lead_v and_o arm_v endure_v the_o shock_n better_o than_o the_o horse_n can_v that_o in_o the_o guard_n of_o town_n and_o all_o place_n of_o strength_n footman_n have_v the_o priority_n of_o horseman_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o point_n of_o provision_n it_o be_v more_o difficult_a and_o troublesome_a for_o a_o commander_n to_o feed_v his_o horse_n then_o to_o feed_v and_o discipline_n his_o man_n that_o at_o assault_n of_o town_n horseman_n be_v of_o small_a use_n if_o they_o leave_v not_o their_o horse_n and_o then_o they_o be_v no_o long_a horseman_n that_o at_o set_a field_n and_o battle_n footman_n have_v mean_n to_o entrench_v themselves_o and_o have_v good_a pike_n and_o store_n have_v always_o be_v find_v more_o than_o equal_a to_o horseman_n in_o levy_n footman_n be_v more_o speedy_o raise_v and_o lead_v and_o lodge_v with_o more_o facility_n they_o be_v pay_v with_o less_o charge_n than_o the_o horse_n they_o fight_v more_o safe_o rally_v themselves_o more_o certain_o and_o easy_o and_o last_o horse_n be_v hard_a to_o be_v find_v in_o any_o great_a number_n for_o it_o may_v be_v believe_v that_o there_o be_v twenty_o man_n to_o one_o horse_n in_o the_o world_n and_o these_o be_v the_o proper_a priority_n of_o footman_n over_o horseman_n which_o have_v be_v observe_v as_o well_o by_o the_o ancient_n as_o the_o modern_n to_o which_o also_o in_o my_o opinion_n may_v be_v add_v that_o the_o foot_n be_v by_o far_o more_o fit_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o ambushment_n than_o the_o horse_n can_v be_v in_o regard_n they_o may_v be_v lodge_v more_o secret_o and_o especial_o in_o respect_n that_o horse_n be_v very_o subject_a to_o discover_v themselves_o by_o their_o noise_n and_o neigh_v and_o beside_o the_o best_a man_n of_o courage_n that_o breathe_v be_v in_o a_o fight_n subject_v to_o the_o disorder_n and_o unmanageableness_n of_o his_o horse_n that_o he_o ride_v upon_o on_o the_o other_o side_n those_o that_o prefer_v horseman_n before_o footman_n give_v these_o instance_n that_o a_o horseman_n have_v stout_a and_o better_a leg_n than_o his_o own_o that_o he_o charge_v more_o furious_o that_o he_o have_v more_o force_n and_o breath_n then_o a_o footman_n that_o horse_n have_v the_o advantage_n in_o long_a march_n and_o hasty_a pursuit_n that_o they_o have_v more_o mean_n to_o surprise_v a_o enemy_n that_o they_o have_v more_o opportunity_n to_o approach_v to_o seize_v upon_o to_o cut_v off_o and_o to_o
hold_v all_o passage_n to_o invest_v town_n on_o a_o fuddain_a to_o answer_v alarm_n and_o to_o give_v they_o to_o command_v the_o field_n to_o make_v a_o spoil_n to_o cut_v off_o all_o supply_n either_o of_o victual_n or_o munition_n than_o any_o foot_n can_v possible_o have_v and_o thus_o we_o have_v do_v with_o these_o two_o particular_n and_o finish_v the_o chapter_n chap._n vi_o of_o stratagem_n of_o war._n how_o to_o breed_v a_o causeless_a fear_n or_o the_o contrary_n to_o give_v assurance_n to_o the_o besiege_a be_v in_o fear_n to_o draw_v a_o enemy_n to_o a_o overdare_n or_o into_o a_o over-security_n to_o discover_v whether_o a_o town_n late_o receive_v to_o quarter_n be_v to_o be_v trust_v how_o to_o appease_v a_o army_n mutiny_v for_o pay_v upon_o a_o fight_n to_o avoid_v battle_n when_o a_o enemy_n be_v far_o too_o strong_a or_o to_o entice_v he_o to_o battle_n when_o too_o weak_a of_o desperate_a attempt_n in_o a_o desperate_a condition_n they_o be_v to_o be_v chary_o and_o wary_o handle_v to_o prevent_v partial_a respect_n in_o give_v of_o counsel_n in_o the_o last_o chapter_n have_v lay_v down_o some_o rule_n for_o the_o order_n and_o dispose_n of_o ambushment_n we_o shall_v in_o this_o take_v occasion_n from_o they_o to_o intimate_v somewhat_o concern_v stratagem_n of_o war._n and_o because_o these_o be_v so_o diversify_v and_o vary_v upon_o several_a occasion_n that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n they_o be_v in_o that_o respect_n beyond_o any_o set_a rule_n we_o shall_v only_o particularize_v in_o such_o as_o be_v of_o the_o most_o general_a extension_n may_v happy_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o way_n of_o renovation_n and_o imitation_n and_o we_o will_v begin_v with_o a_o stratagem_n whereby_o a_o besiege_a enemy_n may_v be_v cozen_v and_o terrify_v by_o a_o suppose_a mine_n when_o there_o be_v none_o and_o this_o be_v practise_v by_o philip_n king_n of_o macedon_n not_o the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a alexander_n but_o he_o who_o be_v afterward_o vanquish_v and_o subdue_v by_o the_o roman_n who_o besiege_v the_o town_n of_o prinassus_n attempt_v it_o by_o a_o mine_n but_o find_v the_o earth_n and_o part_n so_o stony_a that_o it_o despair_v he_o of_o success_n that_o way_n he_o cause_v his_o pioner_n to_o continue_v the_o semblance_n of_o work_v and_o to_o make_v a_o extraordinary_a noise_n under_o ground_n and_o the_o more_o to_o add_v a_o belief_n of_o their_o work_n he_o cause_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o earth_n to_o be_v bring_v secret_o in_o the_o night_n from_o elsewhere_o and_o so_o lay_v in_o heap_n at_o the_o entrance_n and_o mouth_n of_o the_o suppose_a mine_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v well_o discern_v it_o and_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v take_v and_o dig_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n and_o after_o some_o time_n spend_v in_o this_o manner_n he_o summon_v those_o of_o the_o town_n to_o a_o rendition_n send_v they_o word_n that_o by_o his_o undermine_n their_o town_n wall_n to_o the_o quantity_n of_o two_o acre_n of_o ground_n stand_v only_o upon_o wooden_a prop_n to_o which_o whensoever_o he_o do_v give_v fire_n that_o part_n of_o their_o wall_n will_v lie_v flat_a on_o the_o ground_n the_o which_o if_o they_o do_v attend_v and_o cause_v he_o to_o enter_v by_o a_o breach_n they_o be_v not_o to_o expect_v any_o quarter_n or_o mercy_n and_o therefore_o wish_v they_o to_o consider_v of_o their_o condition_n and_o to_o do_v as_o they_o find_v cause_n now_o the_o prinessians_n little_o think_v that_o these_o heap_n of_o earth_n which_o they_o see_v have_v be_v bring_v from_o other_o place_n but_o that_o it_o have_v be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o mine_n so_o lose_v their_o courage_n as_o that_o they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v outbraved_n and_o thereupon_o give_v up_o their_o town_n upon_o a_o mere_a panic_n fear_n and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o stratagem_n to_o occasion_n and_o work_v upon_o a_o false_a fear_n so_o these_o three_o following_z be_v to_o recover_v from_o the_o like_a the_o soldier_n of_o alexander_n army_n be_v on_o the_o sudden_a in_o a_o great_a fear_n of_o they_o know_v not_o what_o alexander_n at_o that_o very_a instant_n cause_v they_o all_o to_o be_v disarm_v whereby_o they_o become_v assure_v that_o this_o will_v not_o have_v be_v command_v if_o there_o have_v be_v any_o present_a danger_n clearchus_n to_o pacify_v a_o foolish_a consternation_n and_o uproar_n of_o this_o nature_n among_o his_o man_n proclaim_v a_o reward_n to_o he_o that_o can_v tell_v who_o have_v send_v the_o ass_n into_o the_o camp_n and_o thus_o by_o do_v somewhat_o quite_o contrary_a to_o that_o which_o the_o peril_n will_v have_v require_v have_v it_o be_v true_a he_o give_v a_o full_a assurance_n against_o that_o which_o be_v false_a and_o which_o his_o man_n have_v only_o fashion_v in_o their_o amaze_a imagination_n and_o conceit_n the_o three_o example_n to_o this_o purpose_n which_o withal_o also_o express_v a_o magnanimity_n which_o both_o sustain_v reputation_n and_o augment_v it_o be_v that_o act_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o be_v do_v when_o hannibal_n make_v his_o bold_a approach_n upon_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n while_o the_o main_a of_o the_o roman_a force_n be_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o capua_n for_o the_o commander_n at_o rome_n find_v that_o the_o city_n by_o reason_n hereof_o be_v subject_n to_o fear_n and_o tumult_n at_o the_o very_a same_o instant_n cause_v a_o supply_n that_o have_v former_o be_v appoint_v for_o spain_n to_o march_v out_o of_o the_o city_n at_o one_o gate_n in_o pursuit_n of_o their_o first_o resolution_n while_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n lie_v before_o the_o other_o whereby_o they_o not_o only_o check_v the_o bold_a confidence_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o take_v off_o that_o fear_n which_o cloud_v their_o own_o valour_n to_o which_o purpose_n also_o that_o very_a piece_n of_o ground_n on_o which_o the_o carthaginian_a army_n lie_v encamp_v be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n sell_v in_o rome_n and_o buy_v say_v the_o story_n nothing_o at_o all_o under_o the_o value_n but_o at_o the_o same_o rate_n as_o if_o it_o have_v be_v in_o the_o former_a time_n of_o peace_n the_o which_o act_n and_o sale_n so_o mad_v even_o hannibal_n himself_o that_o to_o make_v a_o show_n of_o be_v even_o with_o they_o he_o make_v a_o port-sale_n of_o all_o the_o silversmith_n shop_n which_o be_v near_o about_o the_o market_n or_o common_a place_n in_o rome_n as_o if_o he_o will_v seem_v to_o think_v that_o his_o own_o title_n and_o interest_n to_o those_o shop_n within_o the_o town_n be_v no_o jot_n worse_o than_o any_o roman_a citizen_n to_o that_o piece_n of_o ground_n where_o his_o tent_n stand_v but_o this_o counter-piece_n of_o hannibal_n be_v not_o of_o so_o good_a stuff_n as_o that_o of_o the_o roman_n for_o their_o act_n be_v indeed_o a_o thorough_a manifestation_n of_o a_o assurance_n ground_v hopeful_o and_o be_v only_o act_v to_o stir_v up_o the_o courage_n of_o their_o man_n whereas_o hannibal_n be_v only_o a_o passionate_a show_n and_o a_o angry_a brave_a of_o a_o continuance_n in_o a_o hope_n which_o he_o well_o know_v be_v already_o past_a his_o victual_n be_v at_o the_o same_o time_n so_o near_o at_o a_o end_n that_o of_o all_o those_o hope_n and_o end_n which_o he_o have_v propound_v to_o himself_o by_o this_o his_o approach_n so_o near_o unto_o rome_n the_o fame_n only_o of_o his_o much_o dare_v be_v leave_v to_o posterity_n it_o be_v true_a that_o hannibal_n partly_o be_v quit_v with_o these_o roman_n by_o a_o stratagem_n of_o another_o nature_n that_o he_o put_v in_o practice_n at_o tarentum_n when_o have_v surprise_v the_o town_n and_o enter_v it_o at_o two_o several_a gate_n so_o that_o the_o roman_a garrison_n with_o the_o governor_n be_v force_v to_o retire_v themselves_o into_o the_o citadel_n the_o which_o it_o behoove_v hannibal_n speedy_o to_o take_v in_o in_o regard_n of_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n he_o address_v himself_o against_o it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n of_o brave_a as_o be_v likely_a to_o provoke_v the_o garrison_n to_o a_o sallie_n hope_v hereby_o to_o give_v they_o such_o a_o blow_n as_o may_v disable_v they_o to_o defend_v the_o piece_n any_o long_o and_o according_a to_o his_o expectation_n the_o roman_n not_o endure_v in_o such_o a_o slight_a fashion_n to_o be_v approach_v upon_o sally_v out_o in_o a_o heat_n of_o fury_n with_o most_o of_o their_o brave_a man_n and_o charge_v they_o home_o but_o hannibal_n have_v order_v beforehand_o that_o his_o man_n shall_v thereupon_o fall_v back_o as_o if_o they_o be_v terrify_v until_o he_o have_v draw_v out_o as_o many_o of_o the_o besiege_a roman_n as_o he_o can_v and_o as_o far_o from_o their_o strength_n as_o he_o can_v he_o than_o give_v the_o
soldier_n whereby_o say_v he_o of_o himself_o caesar_n both_o engage_v his_o captain_n to_o a_o dependencie_n upon_o he_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o loan_n and_o win_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o soldier_n by_o his_o largess_n and_o make_v they_o willing_a to_o fight_v now_o though_o a_o army_n be_v never_o so_o well_o affect_v to_o their_o general_n and_o as_o willing_a thereupon_o to_o engage_v their_o life_n in_o his_o quarrel_n and_o under_o his_o conduction_n as_o can_v be_v wish_v yet_o when_o a_o overpowerful_a enemy_n be_v to_o be_v encounter_v and_o ready_a for_o a_o battle_n it_o be_v the_o wisdom_n of_o a_o able_a general_n by_o all_o mean_n to_o seek_v to_o avoid_v it_o towards_o which_o this_o stratagem_n follow_v much_o conduce_v and_o may_v be_v draw_v into_o precedent_n as_o it_o be_v set_v down_o in_o polien_n lib._n 4._o in_o vit_fw-mi antig._n and_o practise_v by_o antigonus_n when_o he_o be_v encamp_v in_o the_o face_n of_o enmenes_n his_o army_n but_o with_o a_o army_n by_o much_o inferior_a in_o number_n at_o what_o time_n messenger_n or_o rather_o spy_n be_v interchangeable_o send_v from_o one_o to_o another_o antigonus_n at_o the_o receipt_n of_o a_o messenger_n from_o the_o enemy_n which_o he_o expect_v have_v fore-appointed_n that_o one_o of_o his_o soldier_n shall_v come_v run_v and_o as_o it_o be_v breathless_a and_o all_o to_o be_v du_v and_o sweaty_a and_o tell_v he_o that_o all_o his_o confederate_n be_v arrive_v upon_o which_o tale_n antigonus_n express_v much_o joy_n present_o dismiss_v the_o enemy_n messenger_n without_o more_o ado_n and_o the_o very_a next_o day_n he_o bring_v his_o army_n out_o of_o his_o trench_n double_v the_o length_n of_o his_o front_n to_o make_v his_o army_n carry_v the_o great_a show_n the_o which_o the_o enemy_n see_v and_o have_v hear_v the_o report_n of_o their_o messenger_n and_o observe_v the_o breadth_n of_o antigonus_n his_o battle_n and_o imagine_v that_o the_o depth_n be_v answerable_a to_o it_o he_o sudden_o dislodge_v and_o be_v afraid_a to_o join_v battle_n with_o he_o which_o be_v the_o only_a thing_n that_o antigonus_n desire_v and_o as_o this_o be_v a_o stratagem_n to_o shun_v and_o decline_v a_o battle_n when_o the_o enemy_n be_v find_v too_o strong_a so_o this_o other_o succeed_v be_v very_o pertinent_a on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o draw_v and_o entice_v he_o to_o a_o fight_n when_o he_o be_v know_v too_o weak_a and_o this_o stratagem_n also_o be_v mention_v by_o polienus_n lib._n 2._o in_o cleandridas_n sect._n 4._o where_o cleandridas_n make_v war_n upon_o the_o thurian_o and_o have_v double_a the_o number_n of_o man_n in_o his_o army_n to_o that_o of_o his_o enemy_n and_o conceive_v that_o if_o he_o do_v but_o know_v so_o much_o he_o shall_v never_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n to_o deceive_v he_o and_o embolden_v he_o by_o his_o ignorance_n in_o the_o embattel_v of_o his_o army_n or_o phalanx_n he_o order_v it_o into_o a_o extraordinary_a depth_n whereupon_o the_o enemy_n apprehend_v by_o the_o narrowness_n of_o the_o front_n that_o cleandridas_n be_v very_o weak_a in_o number_n contemn_v his_o small_a strength_n draw_v out_o his_o force_n in_o breadth_n with_o a_o intent_n to_o environ_v he_o the_o which_o cleandridas_n perceive_v command_v the_o one_o half_a of_o his_o file_n to_o march_v up_o and_o rank_n with_o their_o leader_n and_o thereby_o so_o overfronted_n the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a unexpected_o assault_v he_o withal_o with_o missive_n weapon_n on_o all_o side_n as_o he_o utter_o rout_v he_o as_o touch_v the_o practice_n of_o desperate_a attempt_n in_o military_a action_n upon_o desperate_a exigent_n it_o may_v prove_v sometime_o a_o profitable_a stratagem_n to_o attempt_v and_o put_v that_o in_o execution_n which_o otherwise_o in_o itself_o be_v contrary_a to_o reason_n itself_o and_o the_o very_a art_n of_o war_n which_o may_v be_v ground_v upon_o this_o that_o in_o regard_n a_o wary_a and_o able_a commander_n and_o general_n not_o only_o pass_v upon_o try_v and_o sure_a ground_n himself_o but_o even_o from_o thence_o and_o the_o very_a same_o rule_n expect_v the_o like_a from_o other_o upon_o find_v the_o contrary_n practise_v by_o his_o enemy_n beyond_o his_o apprehension_n and_o expectance_n he_o may_v thereby_o be_v happy_o so_o disturb_v in_o his_o set_a resolution_n and_o course_n and_o be_v so_o new_a to_o seek_v as_o may_v before_o he_o can_v recall_v himself_o out_o of_o he_o amaze_v give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o desperate_a attempter_n to_o free_v himself_o out_o of_o his_o desperate_a condition_n and_o example_n prove_v thus_o much_o be_v to_o be_v find_v put_v upon_o even_a caesar_n himself_o by_o the_o nervii_n register_v by_o himself_o in_o his_o commentary_n cap._n 10._o as_o also_o in_o that_o battle_n of_o he_o with_o pharnaces_n and_o in_o our_o modern_a war_n this_o practice_n have_v prove_v successful_a more_o than_o once_o in_o those_o violent_a civil_a broil_n in_o france_n true_a it_o be_v that_o these_o way_n and_o stratagem_n be_v to_o be_v chary_o and_o very_o spare_o handle_v and_o only_o upon_o most_o urge_v if_o not_o desperate_a occasion_n for_o temeritas_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la foelix_fw-la since_o therefore_o there_o be_v so_o much_o of_o advice_n and_o counsel_n requirable_a in_o all_o action_n of_o war_n we_o will_v conclude_v this_o treatise_n with_o a_o preventative_a policy_n or_o stratagem_n for_o the_o take_v away_o of_o false_a or_o flatter_a respect_n in_o the_o point_n of_o deliver_v opinion_n for_o it_o be_v over-common_o find_v that_o through_o the_o obsequious_a dependence_n upon_o some_o favourite_n or_o great_a man_n a_o general_a consent_n and_o compliance_n be_v produce_v to_o say_v as_o he_o say_v or_o vote_v as_o he_o vote_n a_o fatal_a disease_n in_o all_o great_a assembly_n though_o perhaps_o it_o be_v either_o the_o worst_a that_o can_v be_v or_o at_o the_o least_o none_o of_o the_o best_a and_o by_o this_o mean_v the_o true_a judgement_n remain_v conceal_v to_o remedy_v this_o dangerous_a and_o deadly_a mischief_n the_o wise_a cosmo_n di_fw-it medici_n and_o herein_o also_o imitate_v by_o philip_n the_o second_o of_o spain_n use_v to_o propound_v his_o most_o difficult_a and_o important_a cause_n and_o proposition_n in_o write_v and_o so_o deliver_v they_o to_o every_o one_o of_o his_o counsellor_n apart_o command_v they_o to_o return_v their_o opinion_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o he_o together_o with_o their_o reason_n and_o upon_o his_o high_a displeasure_n not_o to_o communicate_v any_o piece_n of_o they_o with_o any_o other_o before_o his_o first_o view_n and_o after_o the_o receipt_n of_o they_o all_o he_o will_v cause_v they_o all_o to_o appear_v in_o council_n with_o he_o and_o in_o his_o presence_n to_o defend_v and_o maintain_v their_o several_a judgement_n and_o opinion_n with_o their_o best_a argument_n a_o course_n certain_o full_a of_o excellent_a freedom_n and_o for_o many_o 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