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Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
enemy_n army_n horse_n rear_n 1,004 5 11.0842 5 false
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A01653 The invasions of Germanie with all the civill, and bloody warres therin, since the first beginning of them in anno 1618 and continued to this present yeare 1638 : wherein are described the severall battles, encounters, conflicts, and assaults, of cities, townes, and castles ... with a new and exact map of Germany ... : together with the progresse of every army, marked with severall markes or lines, with the pictures of the chiefe commanders on both sides / faithfully collected out of good and credible originalls by a Gentleman well deserving that hath suffered much in those warres. Gentleman well deserving that hath suffered much in those warres. 1638 (1638) STC 11791; ESTC S244 33,150 119

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and_o karpffen_n light_n upon_o colonel_n corpus_n with_o his_o regiment_n of_o crabat_n who_o fall_v upon_o unaware_o they_o put_v they_o to_o flight_n kill_v 300._o and_o take_v 200_o prisoner_n 114_o february_n the_o three_o anno_fw-la 1634._o landgrave_n john_n of_o hessen_n and_o the_o swedish_n lieutenant_n colonel_n ramell_n and_o colonel_n sperreuter_n with_o 700._o horse_n fall_v out_o of_o weissenburg_n upon_o the_o imperialist_n with_o who_o they_o begin_v a_o hard_a skirmish_n 300._o dragooner_n and_o musketeer_n they_o cut_v in_o piece_n and_o take_v 800._o prisoner_n among_o which_o be_v colonel_n snet_o and_o haslanger_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o imperialist_n flee_v leave_v four_o ensign_n with_o four_o ancient_n one_o rittmaster_n and_o one_o lieutenant_n 115_o the_o ten_o of_o march_n an._n 1634._o the_o swedish_n colonel_n plato_n send_v from_o duke_n bernhard_n saxon_n weimar_n unto_o mundelheim_n to_o surround_v the_o crabat_n regiment_n of_o budiani_n in_o it_o 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he_o cut_v in_o piece_n and_o put_v the_o rest_n to_o flight_n the_o 4._o of_o novemb_n anno_o 1626._o 29_o the_o town_n of_o northeim_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brunswick_n for_o a_o long_a time_n be_v blockd_v up_o by_o the_o imperialist_n the_o imperial_a general_n sergeant_n major_n count_n of_o furstenberg_n resolve_v to_o take_v it_o by_o a_o general_a assault_n whereupon_o the_o imperialist_n fall_v furious_o on_o at_o several_a time_n but_o by_o the_o danish_a garrison_n and_o citizen_n be_v again_o as_o brave_o repulse_v with_o loss_n of_o 6._o captain_n 8._o ancient_n and_o some_o 100_o common_a soldier_n 9_o captain_n with_o divers_a officer_n and_o 500_o soldier_n be_v wound_v and_o hurt_v the_o garrison_n be_v out_o of_o all_o hope_n of_o relief_n at_o last_o parley_n and_o yield_v the_o 5._o of_o june_n anno_fw-la 1627._o 30_o betwixt_o bredenborg_n and_o itzeho_n in_o holstein_n the_o ●mperiall_a commander_n count_n of_o slick_n fight_v a_o battle_n against_o the_o 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lieutenant_n vsler_n defeat_v within_o one_o hour_n they_o flee_v in_o a_o disorder_a confusion_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o army_n within_o a_o short_a space_n be_v so_o utter_o rout_v that_o of_o 2500._o horse_n scarce_o 250._o return_n to_o neustat_n their_o foot_n force_n be_v at_o the_o first_o 1500._o be_v almost_o slay_v upon_o the_o place_n about_o 1000_o prisoner_n be_v take_v among_o which_o be_v two_o lieutenant_n colonel_n two_o major_n seven_o ritmaster_n three_o captain_n 11._o lieutenant_n 9_o cornet_n and_o 13._o standard_n the_o city_n of_o hildesheim_n whereupon_o when_o they_o within_o see_v themselves_o deprive_v of_o all_o succour_n july_n the_o 17._o be_v deliver_v to_o the_o swede_n 132_o after_o the_o battle_n at_o lignitz_n the_o saxon_n army_n under_o lieutenant_n general_n arnheim_n march_v towards_o olaw_n wherein_o the_o imperial_a governor_n rostick_n be_v advertise_v of_o the_o saxon_n come_v burn_v the_o whole_a town_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o betake_v himself_o into_o the_o castle_n from_o thence_o the_o saxon_n do_v go_v to_o oels_n wherein_o the_o imperial_a governor_n don_n johan_n the_o languiall_a yield_v to_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o be_v take_v prisoner_n with_o his_o 300._o soldier_n likewise_o in_o the_o pursuit_n of_o the_o imperialist_n from_o namslaw_n take_v more_o than_o 100_o prisoner_n of_o they_o in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n anno_fw-la 1634._o 133_o upon_o the_o 29._o of_o june_n 1634._o the_o swedish_n general_n bannier_n enter_v into_o a_o set_a battle_n with_o 15000._o imperialist_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o their_o general_n coloredo_n and_o get_v a_o noble_a victory_n near_o the_o city_n of_o griffenberg_n in_o silesia_n where_o the_o imperialist_n lose_v some_o 4000_o man_n slay_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o many_o officer_n of_o account_n be_v take_v prisoner_n 30._o cornet_n 70._o ensign_n and_o 38._o piece_n of_o ordnance_n be_v get_v by_o the_o swede_n by_o this_o puissant_a army_n 134_o july_n the_o four_o anno_fw-la 1634._o the_o saxon_n army_n though_o not_o with_o strong_a opposition_n take_v sittaw_n in_o silesia_n by_o assault_n which_o issue_n of_o the_o assault_n be_v bloody_a on_o both_o side_n the_o saxon_a colonel_n lieutenant_n wanger_n be_v slay_v by_o a_o bullet_n of_o four_o pound_n weight_n with_o 50._o common_a soldier_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o horse_n to_o the_o duke_n saxon_n lawenburg_n receive_v a_o mortal_a wound_n whereof_o he_o die_v few_o hour_n after_o on_o the_o imperial_a side_n within_o be_v slay_v the_o chief_a commander_n lieutenant_n colonel_n fuchs_n two_o captain_n and_o 60._o soldier_n the_o rest_n be_v take_v prisoner_n with_o 12._o ensign_n and_o two_o standard_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o city_n be_v plunder_v by_o the_o soldier_n in_o the_o fury_n 135_o about_o this_o time_n the_o saxon_a commander_n donner_n who_o be_v guard_v with_o some_o 400._o horse_n light_v upon_o the_o young_a maximilian_n of_o wallenstein_n of_o the_o imperial_a army_n who_o hold_v his_o rendezvous_n near_o glatz_n in_o silesia_n rout_v his_o troop_n carry_v away_o 300._o prisoner_n and_o among_o they_o two_o captain_n 136_o as_o the_o saxon_a colonel_n daub_v take_v the_o city_n of_o elnbogen_n upon_o the_o river_n eger_n he_o by_o a_o stratagem_n though_o it_o be_v both_o well_o fortify_v and_o well_o man_v and_o have_v but_o one_o way_n of_o come_v to_o it_o quick_o enter_v and_o put_v the_o imperial_a garrison_n therein_o to_o the_o sword_n july_n the_o 15._o anno_fw-la 1634._o 137_o at_o this_o time_n the_o saxon_a general_n lieutenant_n arnheim_n and_o the_o swedish_n general_n bannier_n be_v sit_v down_o before_o the_o city_n of_o prage_n with_o their_o army_n they_o play_v upon_o the_o city_n with_o their_o canon_n for_o the_o space_n of_o three_o day_n and_o be_v replay_v unto_o from_o thence_o in_o the_o like_a kind_n with_o great_a loss_n on_o both_o side_n 900._o man_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o swede_n there_o be_v slay_v of_o the_o imperial_a garrison_n within_o consist_v of_o 14000._o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o coloredo_n and_o don_n balthasar_n two_o expert_a and_o valiant_a soldier_n which_o neither_o omit_v the_o fortification_n of_o the_o city_n against_o assault_n nor_o shun_v the_o danger_n of_o fight_n lose_v their_o life_n some_o 600._o after_o this_o the_o swede_n and_o saxon_n march_v off_o 138_o the_o 25._o of_o august_n anno_fw-la 1634._o general_n bannier_n come_v with_o his_o army_n before_o the_o town_n of_o satz_n distant_a from_o egra_n three_o german_a mile_n upon_o the_o border_n of_o bohemia_n the_o imperialist_n within_o stand_v out_o after_o his_o summons_n take_v it_o by_o force_n put_v all_o to_o the_o sword_n in_o it_o 19_o john_n bannier_n general_n of_o the_o infantry_n come_v into_o germany_n with_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n 1630._o employ_v afterward_o from_o the_o king_n with_o a_o strong_a army_n towards_o tyrole_n bavaria_n lower_n saxony_n and_o sil●sia_n do_v admirable_a good_a service_n in_o the_o battel_n o●_n leipzig_n 1631._o be_v yet_o still_o general_n &_o chief_a commander_n of_o all_o the_o swedish_n army_n in_o pomerland_n and_o upon_o those_o border_n where_o he_o late_o ye._n 3._o oct_n 1636._o obtain_v a_o memorable_a victory_n against_o the_o imp_n &_o saxon_n force_n at_o wi●stock_n 139_o the_o swedish_n and_o saxon_n army_n joint_o march_v forward_o in_o bohemia_n do_v obtain_v a_o bloody_a victory_n on_o the_o enemy_n side_n in_o take_v by_o assault_n the_o town_n of_o limpurg_n wherein_o do_v lie_v four_o company_n of_o imperial_a dragooner_n and_o three_o of_o foot_n the_o soldier_n assist_v with_o the_o citizen_n and_o boor_n and_o woman_n throw_v burn_v pitch_n and_o scald_a water_n upon_o the_o protestant_n army_n make_v what_o resistance_n they_o be_v able_a but_o their_o unadvised_a action_n and_o desperate_a obstinacy_n provoke_v the_o invader_n to_o anger_n which_o be_v not_o pacify_v but_o with_o the_o death_n of_o above_o 2000_o person_n in_o that_o city_n the_o principal_a commander_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o slaughter_n with_o 150._o soldier_n retire_v into_o the_o castle_n crave_v quarter_n but_o be_v likewise_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n with_o all_o those_o that_o be_v with_o he_o after_o this_o cruel_a victory_n some_o imperial_a succout_n be_v come_v to_o relief_n this_o place_n but_o those_o the_o swede_n encounter_v also_o slay_v a_o great_a many_o take_v the_o wagon_n and_o carriage_n and_o force_v the_o rest_n to_o a_o confuse_a flight_n august_n the_o 6._o anno_fw-la 1634._o 140_o august_n the_o 12._o 1641._o general_n bannier_n advance_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o brundeis_n where_o he_o first_o get_v the_o bridge_n from_o the_o imperialist_n and_o break_v it_o down_o then_o cut_v in_o piece_n 300._o crabat_n which_o be_v hinder_v in_o their_o flight_n and_o last_o take_v the_o city_n 144_o the_o four_o of_o january_n 1635._o the_o imperial_a commander_n bamberger_n who_o have_v former_o command_v in_o vdenheim_n for_o the_o elector_n of_o tryer_n as_o the_o swede_n take_v it_o the_o year_n before_o use_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o frost_n take_v it_o forcible_o again_o from_o the_o french_a and_o german_a soldier_n that_o till_o then_o hold_v it_o by_o a_o assault_n six_o company_n the_o most_o of_o they_o in_o heat_n of_o blood_n be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n therein_o the_o governor_n himself_o be_v take_v prisoner_n 18_o piccolomini_n a_o great_a commander_n first_o of_o walsteins_n army_n after_o pappenheim_n be_v mortal_o wound_v in_o the_o bloody_a battle_n of_o lutzen_n advance_v with_o his_o own_o and_o the_o cavallery_n which_o pappeheini_n have_v second_v the_o jmperiall_a army_n with_o extremity_n of_o resolution_n be_v twice_o or_o thrice_o shoot_v &_o whereas_o his_o regiment_n be_v that_o which_o first_fw-mi charge_v when_o the_o king_n of_o swen_n be_v slay_v walstein_n reunrd_v he_o as_o much_o as_o be_v better_a than_o 100000_o pound_n starling_n 1632_o command_v afterward_o the_o principàll_a part_n of_o the_o k_o of_o hun●_n army_n be_v send_v to_o assist_v the_o spanish_n cardinal_n aº_n 1637_o 145_o january_n the_o 17._o anno_fw-la 1634._o count_n lodowick_n of_o nassaw_n dillenburg_n take_v the_o strong_a fort_n braunfels_n three_o english_a mile_n from_o the_o city_n of_o mentz_n to_o the_o terror_n of_o the_o imperialist_n 1400._o of_o who_o be_v quarter_v thereabouts_o by_o assault_n have_v master_v the_o outwork_n fall_v upon_o the_o head_n watch_n who_o he_o put_v to_o the_o sword_n apply_v his_o petard_n to_o the_o gate_n one_o he_o fire_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o gate_n and_o so_o enter_v one_o lieutenant_n two_o captain_n three_o lieutenant_n one_o cornet_n three_o ancient_n and_o many_o under_o officer_n and_o 156._o common_a soldier_n be_v take_v prisoner_n beside_o the_o loss_n of_o many_o who_o be_v slanie_n 146_o february_n the_o 28._o
anno_fw-la 1635._o a_o sharp_a gonflict_n fall_v out_o betwixt_o the_o imperialist_n and_o the_o french_a together_o with_o duke_n bernhard_n of_o saxon_n weimar_n troop_n before_o the_o city_n of_o speyer_n in_o which_o the_o french_a and_o swedish_n prevail_v against_o the_o imperialist_n that_o rhey_n retire_v towards_o the_o fort_n of_o the_o same_o city_n 800._o of_o they_o be_v partly_o slay_v in_o the_o battle_n and_o in_o part_n take_v prisoner_n by_o duke_n bernhard_n after_o this_o duke_n bernhard_n fall_v upon_o the_o gate_n of_o the_o suburb_n though_o it_o be_v guard_v with_o 400._o man_n 300._o of_o these_o be_v put_v to_o the_o sword_n and_o the_o rest_n save_v by_o the_o mercy_n of_o the_o conqueror_n on_o the_o assailant_n side_n be_v slay_v about_o sixty_o man_n and_o about_o that_o number_n wound_v they_o of_o quality_n be_v these_o a_o french_a baron_n commander_n of_o the_o regiment_n of_o normandy_n one_o lieutenant_n one_o ensign_n and_o captain_n more_o of_o the_o french_a army_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v slay_v 600._o after_o this_o bloody_a encounter_n the_o imperial_a garrison_n in_o speyer_n be_v no●_n bring_v to_o 500_o foot_n and_o 300._o horse_n 900_o other_o be_v slay_v in_o this_o short_a time_n of_o the_o siege_n and_o many_o take_v prisoner_n yield_v upon_o discretion_n meternick_n the_o late_a commander_n and_o hartemberg_n commander_n of_o the_o military_a man_n and_o god_n the_o colonel_n who_o be_v dangerous_o wound_v with_o 80._o officer_n become_v prisoner_n to_o the_o swedish_n and_o french_a general_n this_o city_n of_o speyer_n be_v first_o take_v by_o mansfeld_n then_o retake_v by_o tilly_n late_o recover_v by_o the_o king_n of_o sweden_n reposess_v by_o john_n de_fw-fr werth_n conquer_v again_o by_o the_o french_a in_o this_o siege_n and_o afterward_o take_v in_o again_o by_o gallas_n 147_o the_o 21._o of_o march_n anno_fw-la 1635._o the_o earl_n of_o eberstein_n general_n major_a of_o the_o hassian_n army_n surprise_v and_o defeat_v 1200._o crabat_n and_o obtain_v a_o noble_a conquest_n near_o hirchsfeld_n in_o hassia_n jllo_o lieutenant_n colonel_n who_o be_v commander_n of_o these_o crabat_n himself_o be_v shoot_v through_o the_o head_n most_o of_o his_o soldier_n &_o officer_n be_v slay_v and_o the_o rest_n which_o escape_v with_o their_o life_n make_v prisoner_n who_o with_o their_o baggage_n and_o 500_o goodly_a horse_n the_o count_n of_o eberstein_n governor_n of_o the_o same_o city_n bring_v into_o cassell_n 148_o the_o strong_a and_o goodly_a city_n of_o vlm_n be_v already_o block_v up_o in_o the_o end_n of_o february_n anno_fw-la 1635._o by_o the_o imperial_a general_n gallas_n expect_v every_o day_n to_o be_v besiege_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o march_n anno_fw-la 1635._o six_o company_n of_o their_o garrison_n sally_v out_o of_o the_o city_n fall_v upon_o 300._o crabat_n which_o be_v lodge_v in_o a_o neighbour_n village_n slay_v they_o every_o man_n and_o take_v their_o colonel_n alive_a and_o bring_v he_o into_o the_o city_n also_o in_o the_o end_n of_o april_n a_o swedish_n colonel_n who_o have_v escape_v out_o of_o prison_n from_o the_o imperialist_n assist_v with_o the_o main_a body_n of_o the_o garrison_n have_v in_o one_o sally_n utter_o root_v three_o whole_a imperial_a regiment_n 149_o the_o seven_o of_o june_n anno_fw-la 1635._o the_o imperial_a general_n lieutenant_n hatzfeld_n for_o gallas_n be_v advance_v into_o the_o low_a palatinat_n besiege_v the_o town_n keiserslautern_n batter_v it_o with_o his_o canon_n make_v breach_n in_o the_o wall_n assault_v it_o valiant_o several_a time_n and_o be_v in_o the_o end_n beat_v off_o with_o the_o loss_n of_o 1500._o man_n by_o the_o valiant_a swedish_n colonel_n schombeck_n commander_n in_o the_o same_o town_n but_o the_o imperialist_n fall_v violent_o again_o upon_o the_o city_n the_o 7._o of_o june_n carry_v by_o their_o number_n and_o desperate_a manner_n and_o in_o the_o fury_n in_o revenge_n of_o their_o enemy_n 3000._o of_o who_o be_v lose_v in_o this_o siege_n put_v not_o to_o the_o sword_n those_o only_a who_o they_o find_v in_o arm_n but_o old_a man_n also_o woman_n child_n and_o little_a infant_n without_o any_o condition_n or_o distinction_n only_o the_o colonel_n schombeck_n of_o all_o the_o swedish_n regiment_n shrewd_o wound_v become_v a_o prisoner_n to_o hatzfeld_n and_o some_o citizen_n save_v themselves_o by_o much_o entreaty_n and_o promise_v of_o a_o large_a beneficence_n 150_o july_n the_o 19_o anno_fw-la 1635._o duke_n bernhard_n of_o saxon_n weimar_n and_o the_o french_a cardinal_n the_o valette_n who_o be_v in_o all_o about_o 18000._o foot_n and_o 10000_o horse_n well_o discipline_v fall_v upon_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o imperial_a general_n gallas_n and_o cut_v of_o some_o 1600._o of_o his_o foot_n and_o above_o 1000_o horseman_n near_o lanstell_n 151_o the_o caesarian_a field_n martial_n goetz_n march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o hessenland_n summon_v zoest_n a_o small_a city_n upon_o the_o river_n lip_n which_o refuse_v to_o yield_v be_v by_o his_o army_n besiege_v and_o almost_o burn_v to_o the_o ground_n by_o the_o granade_n cast_v out_o of_o the_o camp_n the_o 9_o of_o september_n anno_fw-la 1635._o 152_o about_o the_o middle_n of_o october_n anno_fw-la 1636._o a_o bloody_a and_o sore_a battle_n be_v fight_v at_o witstock_n in_o which_o the_o swedish_n general_n john_n bannier_n get_v a_o glorious_a victory_n against_o the_o elector_n of_o saxony_n and_o the_o imperialist_n where_o be_v a_o hard_a and_o long_o doubtful_a combat_n of_o the_o imperial_a chief_a commander_n be_v slay_v the_o two_o general_n major_n wilsdorp_n and_o goltz_n and_o marazini_fw-la himself_o deadly_o wound_v and_o five_o colonel_n slay_v whereof_o threee_v be_v particularise_v by_o name_n wilzberger_n young_a hatzfeld_n and_o kunigell_n beside_o rittmaster_n captain_n and_o divers_a officer_n and_o by_o 7000._o of_o common_a soldier_n slay_v upon_o the_o place_n of_o battle_n and_o many_o other_o more_o which_o fall_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o swede_n in_o the_o prosecution_n six_o whole_a regiment_n as_o coloredoes_n wendensales_n walsteins_n goltz_n eract_n and_o pappenheimes_n be_v total_o ruin_v prisoner_n be_v take_v 1500._o among_o which_o be_v 170._o officer_n and_o 146._o woman_n of_o quality_n wife_n to_o the_o caesarian_a and_o saxon_a colonel_n and_o their_o officer_n 143._o cornet_n and_o ensign_n 14._o piece_n of_o ordnance_n and_o 8000._o wagon_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o conqueror_n on_o the_o swede_n side_n be_v slay_v 1000_o and_o upward_o among_o be_v of_o account_n the_o two_o colonel_n berghawer_n and_o conigham_n four_o lieutenant_n colonel_n and_o sundry_a ritmaster_n captain_n and_o under_o officer_n colonel_n cracaw_n linse_n and_o gun_n be_v wound_v 153_o the_o four_o of_o november_n anno_fw-la 1636._o the_o swedish_n army_n under_o general_n bannier_n fall_v upon_o 300._o saxon_n horseman_n the_o avantguard_n of_o seven_o regiment_n under_o the_o saxon_a general_n major_a dehne_n near_o the_o fort_n of_o mansfelt_n who_o the_o swedish_n environ_v round_o about_o put_v the_o great_a part_n to_o the_o sword_n and_o take_v the_o rest_n both_o officer_n and_o common_a soldier_n prisoner_n 154_o about_o this_o time_n the_o swedish_n general_n bannier_n receive_v intelligence_n of_o two_o imperial_a regiment_n enquarter_v not_o far_o from_o helmstat_n rout_v they_o total_o and_o cut_v in_o piece_n the_o most_o part_n of_o they_o 155_o november_n the_o 15._o anno_fw-la 1636._o the_o count_n of_o eberstein_n general_n major_a to_o the_o landgrave_n of_o hessen_n hear_v of_o the_o imperialist_n march_v and_o how_o the_o swede_n pursuit_n after_o they_o make_v all_o the_o haste_n he_o can_v to_o stop_v their_o journey_n fall_v upon_o the_o reere-guard_n command_v by_o general_n goetz_n near_o rotenburg_n upon_o the_o river_n fulda_n where_o be_v compass_v in_o behind_o and_o before_o by_o the_o swede_n and_o hassian_o four_o of_o his_o best_a regiment_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n and_o also_o defeat_v three_o piece_n of_o canon_n 13._o ensign_n 300._o horse_n be_v take_v 800._o imperialist_n more_o be_v also_o not_o far_o from_o this_o place_n from_o the_o hassian_n commander_n gunterot_n slay_v and_o take_v 156_o december_n the_o 16._o anno_fw-la 1636._o the_o imperial_a commander_n geleen_n be_v upon_o his_o march_n with_o four_o regiment_n towards_o westphalia_n to_o unite_v his_o army_n to_o goetz_n and_o hatzfeld_n the_o two_o imperial_a general_n major_n be_v encounter_v by_o the_o swedish_n general_n major_n stalhanse_v about_o ma●ningen_n who_o slay_v 700._o of_o they_o upon_o the_o place_n take_v near_o as_o many_o prisoner_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n the_o two_o colonel_n manteuffell_n and_o ramsdorff_n gain_v three_o piece_n of_o ordnance_n and_o pursue_v the_o rest_n almost_o to_o wurtzburg_n general_n geleen_n and_o the_o count_n of_o furstenberg_n save_v themselves_o with_o much_o difficulty_n 157_o