exploit_n in_o their_o other_o action_n but_o in_o many_o thing_n will_v discover_v that_o they_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o low_a opinion_n and_o error_n of_o vulgar_a soul_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v raise_v not_o by_o their_o virtue_n but_o their_o fortune_n in_o short_a there_o will_v many_o occasion_n happen_v where_o their_o weakness_n will_v betray_v their_o dignity_n it_o be_v admiration_n and_o not_o pity_n that_o the_o grandeur_n of_o king_n call_v for_o nothing_o be_v more_o undecent_a than_o to_o shed_v tear_n upon_o a_o throne_n nothing_o be_v so_o contemptible_a as_o a_o pule_a sovereign_n monarch_n ought_v not_o to_o appear_v intimidate_v crest-fallen_a or_o surprise_v they_o shall_v settle_v their_o mind_n in_o such_o a_o fix_a state_n as_o not_o to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o consolation_n or_o if_o they_o do_v need_v it_o they_o ought_v to_o seek_v for_o it_o as_o one_o once_o say_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v of_o this_o disposition_n he_o render_v his_o life_n true_o easy_a and_o find_v not_o only_o repose_v but_o joy_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o labour_n it_o sweeten_v the_o bitterness_n of_o adventure_n though_o never_o so_o vexatious_a it_o turn_v all_o the_o thorn_n of_o the_o crown_n into_o fragrant_a flower_n i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n not_o to_o forget_v these_o reflection_n in_o this_o discourse_n although_o it_o be_v design_v particular_o to_o consider_v valour_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o profession_n of_o war_n wherein_o if_o i_o conform_v myself_o to_o our_o modern_a way_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o very_o far_o wander_v from_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o ancient_a moralist_n in_o short_a those_o who_o have_v handle_v valour_n in_o the_o large_a extent_n yet_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o inform_v we_o that_o military_a courage_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o it_o shine_v bright_a above_o all_o in_o the_o occasion_n of_o war_n where_o the_o most_o apparent_a danger_n reign_v rampant_a and_o which_o be_v big_a with_o thing_n most_o capable_a to_o inspire_v fear_n so_o that_o valour_n above_o all_o relate_v to_o war_n as_o war_n do_v to_o fight_v which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o function_n of_o that_o discipline_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v never_o idle_a they_o undergo_v more_o pain_n than_o the_o most_o laborious_a mechanic_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o arrive_v at_o those_o great_a performance_n the_o memory_n and_o footstep_n whereof_o astonish_v we_o at_o this_o day_n but_o they_o labour_v as_o soldier_n not_o as_o mechanic_n and_o never_o quit_v the_o military_a character_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o corbulon_n be_v so_o severe_a that_o he_o punish_v a_o soldier_n with_o death_n because_o he_o be_v carry_v earth_n without_o have_v his_o sword_n on_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o fight_v never_o cease_v until_o the_o military_a oath_n be_v altogether_o break_v whereas_o before_o they_o may_v have_v be_v discharge_v from_o other_o obligation_n to_o understand_v this_o well_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o conge_n or_o dismission_n from_o the_o war_n one_o which_o they_o call_v missio_fw-la and_o that_o permit_v the_o soldier_n total_o to_o quit_v the_o war_n and_o to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o home_n the_o other_o they_o call_v exauctoratio_n which_o dispense_v with_o the_o soldier_n from_o their_o military_a employment_n but_o still_o they_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o the_o army_n those_o who_o have_v this_o sort_n of_o licence_n live_v out_o of_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o live_v after_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v nothing_o actual_o to_o do_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o occasion_n present_v itself_o they_o join_v with_o the_o other_o roman_a soldier_n who_o lodge_v in_o the_o camp_n and_o all_o engage_v together_o in_o the_o battle_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n be_v military_a pleasure_n it_o be_v from_o this_o relation_n that_o valour_n have_v to_o war_n and_o war_n to_o battle_n that_o the_o noble_a game_n have_v in_o all_o time_n be_v the_o representation_n of_o that_o profession_n and_o of_o this_o virtue_n there_o be_v never_o any_o thing_n so_o celebrate_v in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o olympian_a game_n there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o general_a concourse_n of_o all_o greece_n and_o he_o who_o win_v the_o prize_n not_o only_o make_v his_o entrance_n as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v but_o he_o have_v this_o far_a honour_n do_v he_o that_o the_o year_n of_o his_o victory_n bear_v his_o name_n for_o the_o annal_n be_v direct_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o year_n wherein_o such_o a_o one_o be_v victor_n in_o the_o olympic_a game_n it_o happen_v that_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o representation_n of_o valour_n and_o war_n be_v very_o lively_a in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o these_o game_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o after_o they_o be_v end_v there_o appear_v a_o war-horse_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o course_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v observe_v that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o exercise_n of_o wrestle_a always_o go_v before_o that_o of_o run_v because_o wrestle_a represent_v the_o hot_a engagement_n of_o the_o fight_n as_o the_o race_n represent_v the_o pursuit_n the_o roman_n that_o their_o spectacula_fw-la might_n the_o better_o resemble_v war_n will_v have_v they_o all_o to_o be_v dangerous_a and_o bloody_a not_o only_o in_o the_o private_a combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n but_o also_o in_o those_o they_o call_v the_o naumachy_n which_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o sea-fights_a the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o be_v that_o which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n they_o fill_v a_o immense_a space_n with_o water_n which_o represent_v the_o sea_n and_o cause_v a_o hundred_o ship_n to_o be_v float_v thereon_o which_o be_v man_v with_o twenty_o thousand_o malefactor_n or_o as_o one_o may_v say_v slave_n of_o torment_n this_o multitude_n thus_o condemn_v to_o kill_v one_o another_o may_v have_v be_v capable_a of_o act_v strange_a thing_n have_v they_o once_o turn_v their_o despair_n against_o the_o spectator_n but_o to_o prevent_v such_o a_o attempt_n this_o artificial_a lake_n be_v hem_v in_o with_o another_o army_n and_o over_o those_o troop_n range_v in_o battalion_n sit_v the_o emperor_n and_o his_o courtier_n in_o the_o high_a place_n of_o the_o amphitheatre_n then_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v and_o these_o hundred_o ship_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o fleet_n come_v to_o grapple_v and_o enter_v into_o a_o stiff_a and_o bloody_a engagement_n we_o must_v confess_v these_o sight_n be_v very_o inhuman_a the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v too_o precious_a to_o be_v sport_v away_o and_o to_o be_v sacrifice_v to_o a_o diversion_n prince_n have_v wise_o renounce_v these_o sort_n of_o pleasure_n and_o those_o which_o they_o have_v retain_v be_v pure_o military_a hunt_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o war_n the_o carousel_n tilt_n and_o tournament_n be_v the_o image_n of_o combat_n the_o show_v in_o the_o theatre_n have_v something_o of_o this_o and_o common_o act_v some_o hero_n who_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o valour_n beside_o in_o the_o most_o profound_a peace_n the_o prince_n appear_v in_o the_o equipage_n of_o war_n he_o be_v surround_v with_o his_o troop_n of_o guard_n those_o with_o who_o he_o frequent_o converse_v be_v the_o officer_n which_o command_v they_o they_o exercise_v their_o soldier_n before_o his_o face_n they_o every_o day_n demand_v the_o word_n of_o he_o they_o daily_o render_v he_o a_o account_n of_o their_o function_n and_o entertain_v he_o with_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o what_o relate_v to_o their_o own_o profession_n when_o he_o make_v a_o journey_n it_o be_v rather_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n than_o a_o progress_n the_o order_n they_o then_o observe_v be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o military_a discipline_n the_o entry_n which_o he_o make_v into_o the_o town_n be_v like_a to_o the_o intradoe_n of_o a_o conqueror_n they_o salute_v he_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o canon_n and_o whole_a volley_n compliment_v his_o welcome_n they_o erect_v triumphal_a arch_n for_o he_o and_o strew_v his_o way_n with_o palm_n and_o laurel_n thus_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o prince_n continual_o advertise_v he_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v valiant_a insomuch_o that_o if_o he_o fail_v in_o this_o virtue_n he_o can_v take_v no_o pleasure_n in_o any_o thing_n about_o he_o and_o so_o not_o take_v any_o pleasure_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v miserable_a chap._n xxvii_o every_o virtue_n have_v a_o pleasure_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o it_o but_o this_o of_o valour_n be_v the_o most_o sensible_a of_o all_o but_o if_o he_o delight_v in_o the_o
to_o they_o as_o nature_n they_o will_v have_v leave_v nothing_o for_o their_o successor_n to_o do_v now_o but_o may_v have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o misfortune_n of_o king_n john_n oblige_v charles_n his_o son_n not_o to_o hazard_v a_o second_o disgrace_n but_o that_o prince_n who_o in_o this_o than_o show_v his_o prudence_n have_v before_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o courage_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o who_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o day_n have_v abandon_v his_o soul_n to_o the_o melancholy_a terror_n and_o apprehension_n of_o death_n never_o give_v testimony_n of_o such_o terrify_a fear_n in_o all_o his_o war_n and_o one_o may_v have_v see_v he_o give_v personal_a proof_n of_o his_o valour_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o montlheri_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v win_v three_o victory_n before_o he_o be_v king_n which_o give_v we_o to_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o not_o his_o cowardice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o unhappy_a reign_n he_o fear_v not_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n but_o he_o dread_v the_o labour_n of_o it_o he_o have_v be_v well_o satisfy_v to_o have_v fight_v every_o year_n a_o battle_n provide_v that_o after_o the_o fight_n be_v over_o he_o may_v have_v be_v permit_v to_o spend_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n in_o idleness_n these_o be_v they_o who_o calumny_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o asperse_v and_o yet_o they_o be_v free_a from_o this_o fault_n of_o cowardice_n the_o rest_n claim_v our_o eulogy_n rather_o than_o need_v our_o apology_n prosperity_n sometime_o fail_v they_o in_o the_o event_n and_o prudence_n be_v sometime_o want_v in_o the_o enterprise_n but_o their_o courage_n never_o fail_v neither_o in_o the_o enterprise_n nor_o in_o the_o event_n there_o be_v no_o adventure_n happen_v to_o they_o wherein_o their_o valour_n be_v not_o show_v forth_o king_n be_v not_o make_v prisoner_n of_o war_n so_o long_o as_o they_o remain_v in_o their_o palace_n but_o if_o any_o of_o they_o in_o command_v their_o army_n do_v fall_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o enemy_n who_o manage_v the_o war_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v vanquish_v they_o have_v appear_v more_o courageous_a than_o their_o conqueror_n such_o have_v be_v the_o prince_n from_o who_o some_o be_v descend_v who_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o blush_v for_o their_o ancestor_n nor_o themselves_o in_o read_v their_o history_n they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n when_o seat_v on_o their_o throne_n and_o that_o they_o be_v altogether_o worthy_a of_o proceed_v their_o successor_n who_o have_v since_o have_v better_a fortune_n who_o destiny_n may_v raise_v in_o we_o a_o compassion_n for_o they_o but_o will_v never_o cause_v we_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o they_o chap._n xix_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n be_v soon_o expire_v as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o and_o as_o some_o king_n have_v be_v always_o valiant_a so_o have_v their_o subject_n never_o base_o degenerate_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o courage_n so_o that_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_n that_o monarchy_n have_v preserve_v itself_o during_o the_o course_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o that_o she_o promise_v herself_o a_o duration_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o universe_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n do_v not_o long_o subsist_v because_o cyrus_n have_v those_o for_o his_o successor_n which_o be_v not_o worthy_a of_o he_o they_o have_v more_o of_o vanity_n than_o valour_n they_o move_v indeed_o with_o innumerable_a army_n they_o pour_v forth_o soldier_n by_o the_o million_o and_o with_o a_o ridiculous_a arrogance_n vaunt_a that_o they_o will_v shovel_n mountain_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o lay_v fetter_n upon_o the_o ocean_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o these_o dreadful_a crack_n they_o be_v beat_v sink_v and_o chase_v by_o the_o little_a republic_n of_o greece_n however_o we_o may_v say_v that_o darius_n in_o who_o this_o empire_n expire_v be_v not_o defective_a in_o courage_n but_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o his_o enemy_n see_v that_o though_o he_o be_v far_o strong_a than_o he_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v surmount_v by_o he_o when_o his_o famous_a conqueror_n be_v dead_a without_o child_n the_o principal_a of_o his_o captain_n become_v king_n one_o have_v macedonia_n for_o his_o part_n another_o syria_n a_o three_o egypt_n but_o all_o these_o blaze_a sovereignty_n not_o fall_v into_o hand_n strong_a enough_o to_o sustain_v they_o be_v soon_o extinguish_v perseus_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o macedonian_n be_v but_o the_o seven_o in_o succession_n from_o antigonus_n the_o seleucides_n which_o have_v syria_n continue_v no_o long_a time_n and_o the_o ptolemey_n who_o kingdom_n be_v the_o last_o which_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o province_n hold_v not_o egypt_n above_o two_o age_n their_o misfortune_n come_v from_o a_o defect_n of_o valour_n perseus_n of_o who_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v instead_o of_o show_v the_o courage_n of_o a_o king_n after_o his_o defeat_n carry_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o baseness_n that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v ashamed_a of_o he_o when_o he_o come_v from_o the_o battle_n apprehend_v that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v any_o glory_n for_o he_o to_o conquer_v such_o a_o man._n and_o when_o he_o see_v he_o prostrate_v himself_o unworthy_o at_o his_o foot_n ah_o say_v he_o do_v not_o dishonour_v my_o victory_n and_o yet_o this_o carriage_n be_v less_o to_o be_v blame_v if_o possible_a than_o that_o of_o antiochus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o seleucides_n to_o who_o the_o roman_n send_v popilius_n to_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o a_o country_n whereinto_o he_o have_v enter_v with_o his_o main_a army_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o see_v the_o ambassador_n afar_o off_o go_v over_o his_o camp_n he_o humble_o salute_v he_o the_o ambassador_n with_o a_o fierceness_n not_o to_o be_v endure_v come_v up_o to_o he_o without_o return_v he_o any_o salute_v and_o deliver_v he_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o senate_n antiochus_n after_o he_o have_v read_v it_o tell_v he_o he_o will_v deliberate_v upon_o whas_fw-ge be_v to_o be_v do_v popilius_z present_o make_v a_o circle_n about_o this_o prince_n with_o a_o wand_n that_o he_o then_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n say_v to_o he_o deliberate_a if_o you_o will_v but_o before_o you_o go_v out_o of_o this_o circle_n i_o expect_v your_o answer_n here_o you_o may_v behold_v a_o perfect_a coward_n a_o king_n who_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o army_n have_v receive_v such_o unworthy_a carriage_n from_o a_o envoy_n instead_o of_o be_v inspire_v with_o a_o just_a indignation_n consult_v only_o his_o own_o fear_n and_o answer_v he_o will_v do_v what_o the_o roman_n shall_v desire_v of_o he_o as_o for_o ptolemy_n can_v any_o one_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o more_o sordid_a and_o treacherous_a action_n than_o he_o when_o he_o sacrifice_v the_o great_a infortunate_a to_o his_o infamous_a politic_n and_o the_o better_a to_o make_v his_o court_n to_o caesar_n make_v he_o a_o present_a of_o the_o head_n of_o pompey_n all_o these_o prince_n so_o little_a worthy_a of_o their_o sovereignty_n do_v but_o possess_v part_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o alexander_n what_o become_v of_o persia_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o great_a monarch_n there_o be_v but_o two_o division_n make_v of_o those_o great_a conquest_n one_o by_o perdiccas_n and_o the_o other_o by_o antipater_n it_o be_v in_o the_o second_o division_n that_o babylon_n fall_v to_o seleucus_n he_o afterward_o gain_v the_o army_n of_o nicanor_n governor_n of_o media_n and_o be_v also_o assure_v of_o persia_n it_o be_v the_o best_a division_n see_v that_o his_o empire_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o egean_a sea_n even_o to_o the_o indies_n but_o at_o last_o all_o these_o successor_n of_o alexander_n and_o their_o descendant_n not_o know_v how_o to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o nor_o how_o to_o conquer_v one_o another_o it_o happen_v that_o during_o their_o dissension_n a_o valiant_a parthian_a name_v arsaces_n mount_v the_o throne_n and_o become_v the_o founder_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o puissant_a and_o illustrious_a family_n that_o history_n present_v to_o our_o remembrance_n this_o noble_a family_n be_v not_o eclipse_v as_o other_o be_v with_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o roman_a splendour_n she_o give_v king_n to_o the_o eastern_a nation_n and_o invest_v herself_o during_o so_o many_o age_n with_o sovereign_a power_n be_v never_o the_o subject_a but_o always_o the_o rival_n of_o that_o ambitious_a republic_n these_o be_v the_o prince_n call_v the_o arsacide_n from_o the_o name_n of_o their_o illustrious_a founder_n who_o create_v so_o much_o trouble_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o abate_v their_o pride_n by_o the_o
to_o remark_n in_o this_o discourse_n that_o we_o be_v to_o suppose_v some_o proportion_n between_o the_o force_n in_o moral_a discourse_n these_o sort_n of_o supposition_n must_v always_o be_v grant_v and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o express_o contain_v yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v supply_v by_o a_o equitable_a construction_n in_o effect_n we_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o persian_n at_o the_o straits_n of_o thermopylae_n but_o what_o can_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n do_v against_o a_o army_n of_o more_o than_o ten_o hundred_o thousand_o they_o do_v all_o that_o man_n can_v do_v they_o sell_v their_o life_n at_o a_o dear_a rate_n slay_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o persian_n and_o put_v their_o main_a body_n into_o disorder_n insomuch_o that_o the_o king_n of_o sparta_n push_v on_o to_o the_o very_a tent_n of_o xerxes_n but_o they_o foresee_v well_o enough_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v overpowred_n by_o a_o multitude_n and_o they_o may_v have_v say_v then_o what_o some_o have_v make_v they_o say_v since_o diutius_fw-la possunt_fw-la perire_fw-la quam_fw-la nos_fw-la vincere_fw-la we_o suppose_v then_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v among_o the_o force_n either_o if_o not_o a_o entire_a equality_n yet_o at_o least_o some_o proportion_n if_o we_o rest_v upon_o this_o foundation_n the_o reflection_n that_o we_o have_v make_v will_v be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v true_a and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o be_v humane_o impossible_a that_o courageous_a people_n shall_v be_v surmount_v by_o other_o and_o that_o valour_n shall_v not_o render_v herself_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n xxii_o a_o prince_n may_v be_v consider_v in_o reference_n to_o five_o sort_n of_o person_n and_o to_o maintain_v himself_o in_o all_o these_o different_a respect_n he_o have_v need_n of_o valour_n but_o we_o must_v dwell_v a_o little_a long_o upon_o these_o consideration_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o more_o agreeable_a to_o a_o valiant_a prince_n see_v that_o we_o be_v natural_o please_v to_o apply_v inclination_n to_o duty_n and_o to_o do_v that_o by_o the_o free_a and_o ingenuous_a motion_n of_o our_o soul_n out_o of_o choice_n which_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v out_o of_o necessity_n a_o king_n may_v then_o be_v consider_v in_o reference_n to_o five_o sort_n of_o person_n of_o soldier_n of_o subject_n of_o ally_n of_o enemy_n and_o of_o those_o which_o be_v pure_o stranger_n without_o any_o of_o those_o other_o respect_n when_o he_o render_v himself_o illustrious_a by_o true_a valour_n he_o inspire_v into_o his_o soldier_n courage_n into_o his_o subject_n affection_n into_o his_o ally_n confidence_n into_o his_o enemy_n fear_v and_o into_o all_o other_o esteem_n and_o respect_n the_o roman_a dictator_n never_o fight_v but_o with_o the_o infantry_n to_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o danger_n be_v equal_a to_o he_o with_o his_o troop_n and_o renounce_v all_o possibility_n of_o a_o retreat_n he_o do_v not_o divide_v his_o thought_n between_o conquer_a and_o flee_v but_o between_o victory_n or_o death_n a_o grecian_a captain_n lead_v his_o soldier_n through_o a_o very_a difficult_a pass_n zenophon_n where_o they_o be_v to_o climb_v a_o steep_a hill_n which_o he_o have_v already_o gain_v march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o he_o exhort_v they_o not_o to_o be_v disheartened_a at_o the_o difficulty_n but_o to_o do_v their_o best_a endeavour_n to_o follow_v he_o he_o that_o be_v the_o foremost_a of_o they_o answer_v he_o you_o speak_v free_o sir_n and_o to_o your_o own_o sense_n you_o be_v on_o horseback_n i_o be_o on_o foot_n and_o beside_o i_o carry_v a_o very_a heavy_a buckler_n the_o captain_n hear_v this_o a_o light_n immediate_o from_o his_o horse_n give_v the_o soldier_n his_o hand_n and_o carry_v his_o buckler_n for_o he_o this_o soon_o wrought_v a_o wonderful_a emulation_n among_o the_o rest_n who_o when_o they_o be_v get_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n reproach_v the_o soldier_n for_o his_o insolence_n and_o conjure_v their_o officer_n to_o give_v he_o back_o his_o buckler_n and_o to_o mount_v his_o horse_n this_o captain_n be_v not_o a_o prince_n i_o leave_v you_o to_o consider_v how_o passionate_o the_o soldier_n have_v be_v affect_v if_o a_o sovereign_n have_v do_v such_o a_o action_n when_o a_o soldier_n see_v that_o his_o prince_n expose_v his_o royal_a person_n this_o sight_n can_v but_o strange_o animate_v he_o and_o force_v from_o he_o such_o reflection_n as_o these_o behold_v a_o prince_n who_o have_v a_o crown_n to_o lose_v and_o yet_o hazard_v his_o life_n why_o shall_v i_o then_o who_o be_o but_o a_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n and_o who_o have_v no_o estate_n but_o my_o sword_n why_o i_o say_v shall_v i_o study_v to_o save_v my_o inconsiderable_a self_n after_o so_o great_a a_o example_n as_o for_o his_o other_o subject_n who_o be_v not_o engage_v in_o military_a service_n they_o have_v also_o sensible_a consideration_n which_o extreme_o touch_v they_o they_o consider_v they_o be_v at_o ease_n and_o security_n in_o their_o own_o house_n during_o the_o time_n that_o their_o prince_n to_o maintain_v they_o in_o their_o tranquillity_n undergo_v a_o thousand_o fatigue_n and_o be_v confront_v by_o a_o thousand_o danger_n they_o think_v with_o themselves_o that_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v but_o that_o he_o may_v stay_v at_o home_n in_o his_o palace_n and_o enjoy_v his_o royal_a repose_n but_o yet_o he_o will_v command_v his_o army_n himself_o and_o will_v not_o be_v divert_v from_o this_o design_n neither_o for_o the_o hazard_n he_o must_v run_v nor_o for_o the_o pain_n he_o must_v endure_v it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o such_o consideration_n which_o be_v inspire_v even_o by_o common_a sense_n shall_v be_v present_v to_o their_o mind_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o fill_v they_o full_a with_o love_n zeal_n and_o gratitude_n for_o the_o person_n of_o their_o sovereign_n who_o do_v not_o present_o see_v the_o effect_n which_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o prince_n will_v produce_v in_o the_o spirit_n of_o his_o ally_n by_o their_o confide_n in_o he_o and_o in_o those_o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o their_o fear_n the_o principle_n we_o have_v settle_v upon_o the_o difference_n between_o policy_n and_o morality_n oblige_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o alliance_n between_o state_n be_v rather_o found_v upon_o interest_n than_o any_o private_a friendship_n they_o never_o seek_v for_o alliance_n but_o with_o those_o who_o be_v capable_a to_o serve_v or_o to_o hurt_v they_o the_o ancient_a persian_n know_v well_o how_o to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o distinction_n when_o a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o they_o from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n they_o entertain_v he_o with_o another_o manner_n of_o reception_n than_o the_o envoy_n which_o come_v from_o the_o other_o republic_n of_o greece_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o those_o wonderful_a effect_n which_o the_o reputation_n of_o valiant_a prince_n have_v produce_v and_o whereof_o history_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o example_n it_o have_v happen_v a_o thousand_o time_n that_o their_o very_a name_n only_o have_v cause_v fort_n to_o be_v speedy_o surrender_v which_o be_v able_a to_o have_v maintain_v a_o long_a siege_n and_o have_v put_v to_o flight_v those_o army_n which_o have_v force_n sufficient_a to_o have_v overcome_v the_o pursuer_n as_o to_o those_o who_o be_v neither_o soldier_n nor_o subject_n neither_o ally_n nor_o enemy_n to_o a_o valiant_a prince_n they_o entertain_v the_o noise_n of_o his_o renown_n and_o the_o news_n of_o his_o exploit_n with_o admiration_n they_o have_v no_o thought_n to_o engage_v in_o any_o war_n against_o he_o but_o rather_o to_o seek_v the_o aid_n of_o his_o protection_n they_o be_v afraid_a of_o become_v his_o enemy_n and_o covet_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o be_v his_o ally_n nay_o they_o even_o wish_v sometime_o to_o be_v his_o soldier_n or_o his_o subject_n that_o they_o may_v participate_v of_o his_o glory_n they_o offer_v up_o a_o thousand_o vow_n to_o heaven_n for_o such_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o and_o when_o they_o can_v obtain_v one_o like_o he_o they_o be_v so_o far_o transport_v as_o to_o wish_v that_o he_o be_v their_o master_n chap._n xxiii_o if_o a_o prince_n when_o he_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v it_o in_o person_n it_o be_v little_a to_o the_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o king_n may_v wage_v war_n by_o his_o lieutenant_n for_o beside_o that_o no_o person_n can_v ever_o be_v so_o well_o assure_v of_o the_o fidelity_n that_o other_o have_v for_o he_o as_o he_o be_v assure_v of_o the_o fidelity_n that_o he_o have_v for_o himself_o the_o prince_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o army_n his_o presence_n be_v that_o plastic_a power_n which_o inspire_v life_n activity_n
it_o be_v not_o true_a valour_n at_o least_o it_o be_v no_o part_n of_o the_o motive_n wherewith_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v animate_v that_o be_v the_o prefer_v the_o sense_n of_o true_a honour_n before_o our_o own_o life_n according_a to_o these_o principle_n though_o the_o say_v of_o agesilaus_n be_v excellent_a when_o to_o one_o who_o demand_v of_o he_o how_o he_o come_v to_o perform_v such_o great_a exploit_n he_o answer_v it_o be_v by_o despise_v death_n yet_o not_o to_o abuse_v this_o noble_a thought_n it_o be_v necessary_a that_o we_o add_v another_o say_v of_o cato_n the_o elder_a who_o tell_v we_o in_o the_o peril_n of_o war_n he_o make_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o those_o that_o love_n virtue_n and_o those_o who_o be_v weary_a of_o their_o life_n indeed_o it_o must_v be_v the_o love_n of_o virtue_n that_o animate_v valour_n and_o the_o principal_a wheel_n that_o put_v it_o into_o its_o due_a motion_n zeal_n for_o justice_n ought_v not_o only_o to_o be_v the_o pretence_n but_o the_o cause_n of_o war_n and_o a_o prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o have_v the_o same_o motive_n in_o prosecute_a his_o enemy_n by_o his_o arm_n as_o in_o arraign_v offender_n by_o his_o law_n for_o his_o enemy_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o convict_a criminal_n the_o declaration_n of_o war_n be_v their_o sentence_n of_o condemnation_n and_o because_o this_o sentence_n can_v be_v so_o easy_o execute_v as_o the_o other_o he_o send_v his_o army_n to_o be_v his_o sheriff_n and_o executioner_n and_o the_o same_o effect_v which_o the_o punishment_n of_o a_o private_a criminal_a have_v on_o a_o nation_n the_o punishment_n of_o a_o nation_n have_v on_o the_o universe_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v in_o the_o great_a republic_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n v._n example_n against_o the_o strange_a error_n of_o those_o who_o believe_v the_o exact_a practice_n of_o justice_n to_o be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o this_o some_o man_n there_o be_v in_o the_o world_n who_o imagine_v that_o the_o exact_a practise_v of_o justice_n be_v a_o obstacle_n to_o valour_n if_o in_o the_o fix_a humour_n whereinto_o this_o fundamental_a error_n have_v cast_v their_o mind_n they_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o be_v disabused_a by_o reason_n they_o ought_v to_o be_v cure_v by_o example_n marcus_n aurelius_n be_v the_o most_o famous_a among_o the_o emperor_n for_o virtue_n pure_o humane_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o most_o renown_a among_o all_o king_n for_o christian_a piety_n they_o be_v both_o very_a valiant_a st._n lewis_n be_v the_o first_o that_o descend_v from_o shipboard_n into_o egypt_n in_o the_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o fight_v with_o incredible_a obstinacy_n in_o that_o fight_n where_o he_o lose_v his_o liberty_n and_o during_o his_o imprisonment_n he_o discover_v such_o a_o noble_a assurance_n of_o mind_n that_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o barbarian_n be_v near_o death_n the_o admiration_n that_o they_o have_v for_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o generous_a captive_n put_v they_o upon_o deliberation_n whether_o they_o shall_v not_o choose_v he_o for_o their_o sovereign_n as_o for_o marcus_n aurelius_n he_o end_v his_o day_n in_o a_o expedition_n in_o almaigne_n he_o undergo_v all_o the_o duty_n of_o a_o soldier_n and_o a_o captain_n and_o have_v make_v great_a advances_n if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v surprise_v by_o death_n the_o example_n of_o this_o prince_n and_o that_o of_o his_o son_n do_v well_o demonstrate_v that_o justice_n be_v serviceable_a to_o valour_n instead_o of_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o it_o and_o that_o that_o courage_n which_o be_v not_o found_v in_o the_o love_n of_o virtue_n be_v obnoxious_a to_o great_a disorder_n commodus_n the_o son_n of_o aurelius_n have_v be_v careful_o educate_v by_o his_o father_n with_o all_o the_o exactness_n imaginable_a this_o education_n be_v in_o he_o join_v with_o a_o auspicious_a birth_n he_o have_v a_o vast_a genius_n he_o be_v strong_a dexterous_a and_o of_o a_o good_a mind_n and_o nothing_o be_v want_v to_o make_v he_o a_o great_a prince_n but_o his_o will_n to_o be_v so_o his_o father_n have_v no_o soon_o render_v up_o his_o life_n but_o he_o think_v of_o nothing_o more_o than_o return_v to_o rome_n though_o one_o may_v have_v well_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o rome_n be_v every_o where_o where_o the_o emperor_n be_v he_o abandon_v a_o assure_a victory_n and_o patch_v up_o a_o dishonourable_a peace_n with_o the_o alemaignes_n set_v forward_o for_o italy_n without_o be_v at_o the_o pain_n to_o consider_v whether_o it_o will_v not_o beget_v ill_a impression_n of_o his_o conduct_n in_o the_o beginning_n of_o his_o reign_n we_o come_v now_o from_o see_v a_o old_a emperor_n who_o have_v rather_o die_v under_o his_o military_a labour_n in_o the_o bed_n of_o honour_n than_o quit_v the_o design_n he_o have_v form_v and_o we_o see_v after_o he_o a_o young_a prince_n full_a of_o vigour_n who_o to_o wind_v himself_o out_o of_o the_o fatigue_n of_o war_n eschew_v a_o enterprise_n to_o which_o the_o memory_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o honour_n shall_v have_v engage_v he_o instead_o of_o embrace_v a_o lawful_a occasion_n for_o the_o acquest_n of_o glory_n he_o rather_o choose_v to_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o equipage_n of_o a_o gladiator_n and_o by_o throw_v of_o dart_n to_o kill_v panther_n or_o lion_n in_o a_o amphitheatre_n chap._n vi_o why_o it_o be_v that_o at_o this_o day_n all_o the_o world_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v upon_o the_o obligation_n of_o join_v justice_n to_o valour_n if_o all_o man_n at_o this_o day_n have_v not_o the_o opinion_n they_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o their_o be_v oblige_v to_o join_v valour_n with_o this_o other_o virtue_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n of_o all_o morality_n perhaps_o it_o come_v from_o hence_o that_o in_o this_o monarchy_n as_o in_o many_o other_o they_o have_v make_v a_o separation_n of_o the_o gown_n from_o the_o sword_n as_o if_o they_o be_v distinct_a function_n and_o do_v not_o think_v it_o proper_a that_o the_o same_o man_n may_v be_v magistrate_n and_o captain_n too_o it_o be_v true_a the_o sovereign_a administration_n of_o law_n and_o arm_n reside_v in_o the_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n but_o it_o be_v in_o no_o other_o proper_o but_o in_o he_o that_o this_o union_n be_v to_o be_v find_v and_o yet_o in_o some_o sort_n he_o have_v declare_v himself_o for_o the_o military_a employment_n since_o he_o every_o day_n bear_v the_o badge_n of_o it_o and_o even_o in_o the_o actual_a administration_n of_o justice_n he_o wear_v a_o sword_n by_o his_o side_n but_o the_o ancient_n do_v not_o determine_v of_o thing_n after_o this_o rule_n among_o they_o the_o charge_n of_o consul_n that_o of_o praetor_n and_o many_o other_o be_v no_o less_o for_o the_o war_n than_o for_o peace_n insomuch_o that_o there_o be_v some_o that_o in_o a_o moment_n pass_v from_o the_o tribunal_n to_o the_o camp_n and_o after_o have_v hear_v cause_n plead_v and_o be_v pleader_n themselves_o be_v send_v to_o command_v and_o to_o fight_v in_o the_o army_n fabritius_n be_v a_o man_n of_o a_o undaunted_a spirit_n both_o the_o cato_n be_v exceed_o valiant_a and_o the_o same_o justice_n which_o restrain_v they_o from_o suffer_v their_o judgement_n to_o be_v corrupt_v excite_v they_o not_o to_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v vanquish_v in_o battle_n we_o find_v the_o like_a example_n in_o the_o grecian_a history_n photion_n and_o aristides_n have_v no_o less_o of_o courage_n than_o integrity_n they_o give_v to_o aristides_n the_o surname_n of_o just_a they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v give_v he_o the_o surname_n of_o valiant_a it_o be_v true_a he_o never_o command_v the_o army_n in_o chief_a but_o he_o distinguish_v himself_o in_o all_o the_o war_n where_o he_o serve_v either_o as_o a_o soldier_n or_o as_o a_o officer_n and_o he_o behave_v himself_o admirable_o well_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o marathron_n salamine_n and_o platea_n now_o in_o the_o republic_n of_o greece_n no_o manner_n of_o profession_n can_v exempt_v a_o man_n from_o his_o service_n in_o the_o war_n or_o at_o least_o be_v incompatible_a with_o arms._n we_o can_v name_v philosopher_n who_o have_v join_v justice_n with_o valour_n socrates_n save_v alcibiades_n in_o a_o battle_n and_o dart_v himself_o through_o the_o thick_a of_o his_o enemy_n rescue_v he_o out_o of_o their_o hand_n zenophon_n after_o the_o death_n of_o clearchus_n be_v one_o of_o the_o captain_n in_o that_o famous_a retreat_n which_o among_o the_o critic_n in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n pass_v for_o one_o of_o the_o fine_a masterpiece_n that_o ever_o be_v perform_v chap._n vii_o what_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o military_a obedience_n as_o it_o be_v a_o important_a thing_n sir_n for_o
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study_v rather_o to_o preserve_v hannibal_n than_o to_o destroy_v he_o he_o oblige_v the_o vanquish_a to_o burn_v their_o vessel_n wherein_o consist_v the_o force_n of_o their_o empire_n but_o he_o do_v not_o oblige_v they_o to_o deliver_v up_o this_o redoubtable_a enemy_n who_o have_v ravage_v italy_n and_o have_v bring_v rome_n to_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o ruin_n and_o who_o beside_o in_o the_o use_n of_o mean_n which_o he_o employ_v to_o gain_v his_o point_n and_o to_o succeed_v in_o his_o erterprise_n sometime_o transgress_v the_o boundary_n of_o justice_n and_o be_v not_o always_o content_v with_o the_o right_n of_o war._n scipio_n save_v he_o nevertheless_o and_o afterward_o go_v to_o make_v war_n in_o asia_n he_o see_v he_o at_o ephesus_n although_o hannibal_n be_v flee_v to_o that_o very_a prince_n against_o who_o this_o war_n be_v declare_v yet_o the_o generous_a roman_a treat_v he_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o honour_n history_n observe_v that_o this_o fierce_a african_a 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man_n head_n cut_v off_o it_o be_v easy_a say_v he_o to_o satisfy_v your_o desire_n in_o that_o and_o there_o be_v in_o the_o prison_n some_o criminal_n under_o condemnation_n of_o death_n he_o send_v for_o one_o into_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o feast_n be_v and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n in_o their_o presence_n when_o he_o return_v to_o rome_n one_o may_v have_v offer_v something_o by_o way_n of_o excuse_n for_o a_o conduct_n so_o brutal_a that_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v execute_v be_v a_o guilty_a person_n and_o one_o actual_o condemn_v and_o that_o he_o have_v only_o change_v the_o place_n of_o his_o execution_n one_o may_v have_v allege_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o family_n the_o good_a â—ervices_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o of_o himself_o too_o but_o he_o be_v note_v for_o infamy_n and_o cato_n the_o elder_a by_o his_o authority_n as_o censor_n which_o he_o then_o exercise_v expel_v he_o out_o of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n by_o this_o example_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o this_o brutish_a action_n displease_v even_o a_o people_n who_o be_v accustom_v to_o see_v the_o combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o valiant_a man_n when_o they_o be_v cruel_a excite_v more_o of_o horror_n than_o admiration_n and_o that_o all_o who_o be_v stranger_n to_o generosity_n offend_v not_o only_a soul_n that_o be_v generous_a but_o even_o those_o that_o be_v not_o so_o chap._n xv._n valour_n without_o generosity_n be_v imperfect_a and_o generosity_n without_o valour_n be_v imperfect_a also_o upon_o the_o whole_a it_o concern_v we_o that_o we_o join_v both_o these_o virtue_n together_o i_o mean_v generosity_n and_o valour_n they_o be_v imperfect_a when_o they_o be_v separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o generosity_n without_o valour_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v sincere_a and_o valour_n without_o generosity_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v reasonable_a one_o appear_v as_o a_o artifice_n employ_v for_o the_o cover_n a_o defect_n and_o the_o other_o as_o a_o instinct_n whereby_o nature_n blind_o hurry_v he_o a_o prince_n ought_v therefore_o to_o unite_v both_o these_o in_o his_o own_o person_n those_o who_o will_v represent_v hero_n in_o their_o great_a perfection_n form_n and_o imagine_v they_o according_a to_o this_o idea_n they_o animate_v they_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o render_v all_o mankind_n happy_a they_o make_v they_o to_o protect_v the_o innocent_a though_o their_o person_n be_v unknown_a to_o they_o sometime_o to_o run_v through_o the_o universe_n to_o relieve_v the_o oppress_a they_o inspire_v into_o they_o a_o ardent_a passion_n for_o true_a glory_n and_o a_o noble_a contempt_n not_o only_o of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v little_a and_o base_a but_o of_o those_o which_o be_v common_a and_o ordinary_a this_o union_n of_o generosity_n and_o valour_n make_v magnanimity_n which_o must_v be_v consider_v as_o the_o perfection_n of_o humane_a virtue_n the_o title_n of_o magnanimous_a be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o glorious_a surname_n that_o a_o monarch_n can_v have_v ascribe_v to_o he_o i_o wonder_v that_o we_o have_v never_o give_v it_o to_o any_o king_n those_o among_o the_o prince_n which_o deserve_v it_o have_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o they_o you_o may_v sir_n take_v it_o one_o day_n after_o you_o have_v merit_v it_o and_o as_o you_o have_v already_o a_o ambition_n to_o render_v yourself_o worthy_a of_o it_o it_o rest_v whole_o in_o you_o to_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o enjoy_v it_o chap._n xvi_o divers_a sort_n of_o generosity_n which_o serve_v to_o imhaunce_v valour_n among_o the_o divers_a sort_n of_o generosity_n the_o number_n of_o which_o be_v infinite_a those_o which_o show_v a_o entire_a unconcernedness_n and_o a_o noble_a contempt_n of_o riches_n serve_v extreme_o to_o raise_v the_o reputation_n of_o valour_n because_o that_o confidence_n which_o make_v a_o man_n valiant_a and_o persuade_v he_o that_o he_o need_v never_o fear_v the_o danger_n of_o war_n have_v very_o much_o of_o conformity_n with_o that_o confidence_n which_o make_v a_o man_n liberal_a and_o persuade_v he_o that_o he_o need_v never_o be_v afraid_a of_o misfortune_n the_o thought_n of_o which_o be_v a_o continual_a terror_n to_o the_o covetous_a alexander_n before_o he_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n give_v away_o all_o that_o he_o have_v and_o when_o one_o demand_v of_o he_o what_o he_o have_v reserve_v for_o himself_o i_o have_v say_v he_o reserve_v hope_n but_o if_o we_o find_v too_o much_o of_o excess_n in_o this_o conduct_n as_o without_o doubt_n there_o be_v we_o shall_v find_v however_o a_o great_a solidity_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o parmenio_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o arbella_n this_o old_a captain_n send_v to_o advertise_v he_o that_o the_o persian_n have_v fall_v upon_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o save_v it_o without_o immediate_a succour_n alexander_n bid_v they_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o must_v let_v that_o alone_a and_o think_v of_o nothing_o but_o to_o overcome_v for_o if_o the_o macedonian_n carry_v the_o victory_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o recover_v their_o own_o baggage_n but_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n also_o this_o answer_n give_v i_o occasion_n to_o relate_v the_o say_v of_o antisthenes_n the_o philosopher_n and_o scholar_n to_o socrates_n we_o ought_v say_v he_o to_o wish_v all_o sort_n of_o good_n to_o our_o enemy_n except_o valour_n for_o if_o they_o be_v defective_a in_o valour_n they_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o preserve_v the_o good_n that_o they_o have_v and_o we_o shall_v not_o fail_v to_o render_v ourselves_o master_v thereof_o one_o speak_v ingenious_o who_o call_v covetousness_n a_o aenigma_fw-la for_o in_o truth_n nothing_o be_v so_o odd_a and_o unconceivable_a as_o to_o join_v poverty_n and_o riches_n together_o and_o to_o scrape_v up_o a_o mass_n of_o good_n