Selected quad for the lemma: enemy_n
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B08005
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Organon reipublicæ, or The north starre of pollicie, by which the course of a common-wealth may be directed..
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J. R.; I. R.; Sadler, Edmund.
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1605
(1605)
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STC 20575.7; ESTC S94820
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17,320
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38
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Concerning VVarre Of Warre Warre is offensiue or defensiue In Offensiue warre the consideration is either Generall where we ought to respect the kind For it is either Necessary or not Necessary the moment For it is either daungerous or not daungerous Particular See afterwards Heere also the Places are to be considered Meanes and Times The rules To knowe the fittest time and to take hold thereof an vnknown commoditie Strength without aduise ouerthroweth it selfe with it owne waight Strength is small worth abroad vnlesse there be wisedome at home Let no man through confidence of his owne wisedome or strength vndertake daungerous and vnnecessary things For God in a suddaine moment can ouerthrow the greatest glory of things The story of Craesus amongst others is famous who through error of iudgement and confidence of his owne power hee rashly stirring vnnecessary Warre against Cyrus procured most greeuous calamities to himself and his whole kingdome Whence commeth the verse All worldly things hang at a slender threed And they fall by sudden mischance who haue beene mightie And he is suddenly a beggar who euen now was exceeding rich Things present are to be retained and things certaine are not rashly and for vncertaine and vnknowen things to be hazarded Do nothing but what is needfull to be done And one rule which God hath giuen is to be followed A Prince must fight sometime not because he will but because his enemies constraineth It is also well knowen by the Law of Nations that Warre may bee repelled by Warre Also delaying of future Warre is for the most part a great losse and shame to a Prince Liuiâ—â— It is also the dutie of a wise man to try all things by aduice before he fight And if warre cannot be auoided because all are in daunger he must wisely attempt it and valiantly repell it and a diligent preparation is to be thought vpon and vsed in time of peace In a generall consideration it must be regarded What Captaines are to be made remoued what store of foode and victuals is necessary whence they may be had certainly verily speedily How great an armie our enemies or we in quantitie haue are able to procure at home abroad to abstaine now at the present time in time to come in qualitie by Sea that is to say Souldiers on Sea by land footemen what sorts of both horsemen what furniture of warre is necessarie that is to say Armour weapons Armour or complete Armour Horses Gunnes Engines Iron bullets Cariots wild fire pouder Carriages and other engines What places are fit to skirmish There are three sinewes of Warre Gold the hand yron What times are fit and conuenient Horsemen and footemen armed men are called the hands and legs of the Captaine Plutarch But a Captaine wanting money is said to haue no bellie Souldiers are also to be kept in obedience and they may the better be gouerned their wages is to be payed them in due time Particular consideration resteth in the Captaines wisdome experieÌ„ce in Warre who ought to marke foresee Treasons secret engines priuie whisperings treacherie strangemes c. The way of the souldiers going forth to battaile Places which are indifferent and fit to fight to skirmish The opportunitie of the place oft times more auayleth than valour Caesar to winter in Conuenient places to enter into sight by night or by day forthwith or at some other time leaue off their fight goe forward retire make a stand spare their enemies being subdued or to exercise crueltie against them They who with very small intreatie do pardon them which are ouercome do for this cause allure more to try the fortune of Warre against them But there appeared very manifestly in Pausanias Dâ—kâ— of the Spartanes not onely warlike vertue and fortitude but also modestie and the honour of chast shamefastnesse Who after the victorie gotten at Platea conquered himselfe with a most glorious victory and abstayning from Coa being taken Prisoner defended her And with great prayse of moderation and humanitie he raged not against the dead carkasses of his enemies being slaine but said it suffised him if that doing and speaking iust things he could please his Spartanes On what side he is to giue the onset before behind on both the wings of the Armie c. How Warre is to be made either by field battailes in open field or subtilly and by Ambushes fences of Bulwarks or by suddaine issuing out of their Tents and Townes whole Armie or by light skirmishes and Fortresses Spoyling the fields and by besieging their cities Making experiment with the whole Armie in one set battle or by many long battailes How the whole hoast and armie is to be ordered and set in array when a slaughtering and most cruell war is to be vndertaken and dispatched What places are most meete for receiuing their Garrisons and what places are inconuenient What Captaines and particular Bands and captainships they shall haue From whom we may get food and victuals Who wanteth food and victuals dieth through hunger not by the swoord How we ought to vse the victory being gotten How our Souldiers subdued in Warre are to be comforted and encouraged in mind 〈◊〉 defenâ—â—e war It must be knowen How our Country Citie is fenced by Nature by land by sea with rocks with mountaines with woods with marishes By Art with Hauens Castles Fortresses Ditches may be fenced with new hauens Castles Munitions Trenches and ditches what things are necessary and of what for the Garrisons of our owne Souldiers or of forreyners are because if they want it is requisite that they be augmented they are ouer-many that they be â—bated what places are fit for our enemies to assault vs that we leaue strong places Let that bee the chiefest part of a Citie for whome it is most expedieÌ„t that all things be quiet that we fence daungerous places vs to defend our selues It is more easie to keepe out the enemie than to expell him being let in It must be considered what warres many yeeres haue bene made in our countrey or in other places how they haue bene managed Let not continuall warre be made although with an 〈◊〉 experienced enemie vpon what causes they arose how they were ended It is very easie to iudge the like of the like things But hee who followeth auncient and excellent examples without particular obseruation shall sometime greatly erre We ought to see how manie what friends wee can call to ayde vs lest wee rashly prouoke them who are mo 〈…〉 mightie then wee Wee must preuent the iniuries of them who are more mightie not by rashly reuenging but by taki 〈…〉 heede of worse turn 〈…〉 Improuident blind hast is vnfortunate but delay stopping the waÌ„dring vehemecy of the minde pro 〈…〉 teth much which although they straightway appeare not yet in due time any one may certainly find 〈◊〉 To conclude weee must take heede least in ending warre or succouring others warre bee so extinguished abroade thaâ— bee kindled at home Of
Peace The most firme league peace and amitie is that which is purchased through opinion of vertue likenesse of manners and consent of Religion The best league is to do well for with such men GOD himselfe is confederate saith Isocrates Peâ—ac is eyther to be made Heere we ought to offer Conditions wher care is to bee had of the Time For sometime these conditions in conuenient time will be thankfully and willing accepted which afterward may bee suspected and reiected Reasons wherby our aduersaries are perswaded to accept our coÌ„ditions of peace being offereâ— Persons treating of peace For very often it happeneth that the selfe same truces are confirm 〈…〉 or reiected by reason of the inequalitie of the persons handling the matter Conditions theÌ„selues least they seeme Dangerous Craftie and bold policies are at the first sight pleasant hard to 〈◊〉 handled and in the euent dolefull The vnequall conditions and policies of Lycidas and Circilus a 〈…〉 to be shunned Herod 〈…〉 Some cures are more greeuous then the disease it selfe where it better die then by them go about to recouer health Difficult Intollerable Dishonest Preserued To accept conditions Where it must be coÌ„sidered Vpon what cause our aduersaries to make a league with vs whether they are perswaded voluntarily or vpon necessitie what ayde we or our enemies haue to make warre How the Souldiers are affected what kinds of coÌ„ditions they be For if they appeare to be iust honest we must beware lest in refusing them we seeme Obstinate or stiffe necked as the Iewes were in the siege of HierusaleÌ„ Proud and hawtie as Pompeius c. in contemning truce with Caesar who when Cicero brought most indifferent conditions of peace was willing to dismisse his armie but Pompey despised him as his enemie but afterward was slaine in vnfortunate warre wherein also two hundred thousand men were slaine Philo telleth vs that it is better to haue peace although not commodious and indifferent than to vndertake warre with great mischiefes Peace is a worke full of vertue peace is the summe of labour Peace is the reward of finished warre the reward of danger A man vnhurt will sleepe better than he who is wounded The beuers in hunting bite of their stones when as they perceiue that for this cause they are pursued so it is the part of a wise man somtime to cast away that thing for which he is endaungered Plin. â—ith 〈…〉 rreine â—eople adioyning who loue vs who maligne vs who carry themselues indiffereÌ„tly towards vs. Heere wee ought to see with whoÌ„ we ought to make leagues to preserue frieÌ„dship to shew loue good will either by deed or counter fait it onely by word by whom how opeÌ„ly how secretly how loÌ„g By what offices we may pacifie the offended confirme the doubtful perswade the suspitious dwelling farre of Peace is preserued by auoyding offences enmities with domesticall people which may arise through negligeÌ„ce defect of Instructions which doe not respect the education of youth For it is especially to be considered what doctrine ought to be taught in a expelled from Common-wealth what studies are conuenient for euerie age to adorne the mind with Diuinitie morall Phylosophie Histories c. stirre vp strength Agilitie of the body health How much time is to be spent in learning c. Good education is called the foundation of wisedome Ordayning of Magistrates how many what Magistrates the common-wealth wanteth who are worthy fit for euery place tâ—â— these may be called tobeare office lest 〈◊〉 enuious doe speake in reproach of the 〈…〉 ther according to that of the Poet. Two things especially doe rule all the counsels and actions of wise men in the common-wea 〈…〉 and priuate life vz. Hearing oâ— precepts set down in the word of God in Phylosophy and honest lawes Examples of counsels euents and punishments which are more notable and more effectual 〈…〉 moue and pearse the minds of the ruder sort An Historie wisely written as Cicero saith is the mistresse of life and the witnesse of times 〈◊〉 light of truth the messenger of antiquitie Thucididies calleth it the picture theater of 〈◊〉 life agreeing to all times of this world wherein as the nature of man continueth the same their dispositions manners businesses occasions counsels euents misdoings and also for t 〈…〉 most part the same offences continue Onely the persons and Actors of the Historie do succeede new euery age and the names bei 〈…〉 changed the stories are now told as it were of our selues Oh shame men vnwise and of a grosse braine Despisers of learning who haue onely care of dycing Or to feede dogges horses and hawkes And to leade a childish life in continuall sportes Do beare the Scepters rule the people and gouerne Cities Hence come so many thousand scabbes of errors so manie sinkes of follies so manie thousands of mischieous deeds Appointing of gifts and rewards for euery one that well deserueth whether they bee 1 Noble or For it is not well if  Ignoble 2 Souldiers  Peacemakers 3 Learned  Vnlearned 4 Magistrates  Priuate men 5 Cleargie men  Laye men Good men bee obscured as it were with darkenes enuironing them be not regarded be adorned with no praise of due honor be difficultly faintly coldly preferred Where there bee fewe which desire offices there the common wealth is in daunger By rewards honors excellent wittes are stirred vp with a more earnest vehemency of minde to the study of vertue Let no estate of men bee depriued of hope to attaine anie preheminence sauing what belongeth to the King Let a more honorable office bee giuen to the more noble a more gainefull office to the poorer sorte other things being equall Bad men be preferred as Tale-bearers Hee who giueth more to him that ill deserueth it and lesse to him who wel deserued is iniurious vniust Good turnes ill bestowed are esteemed ill deeds Let wicked and mischieuous men be punished Scoffers False accusers Dishonest Flatterers c. Remedies are to be inuented and applied to the sicknesses and diseases of the common wealth Ambition which disease is spread farre and wide and increaseth daily Couetousnes and pride of Noblemen It is vncertaine what the euening bringeth therefore wee must not bee proud in aduersitie Magistrates Angrie men hate pride wise men deride it Prodigall spending of ones wealth especially of them who are indebted vnto others Want need of others for many kept vnder with want haue desperatly robbed the coÌ„mon wealth Impuritie of offenders and iniurious men make the Lawes to be contemned Iniuries are offered to the inferiours by their superiours that is to say To the common sort by the Nobles Thereby wee read in the Romane Empire that the Kings were expelled and that the state of the common-wealth was pluckt diuers wayes and altered To priuate men by Magistrates Thereby also in Heluetia the Magistrates and Nobles were driuen away and the policie of the