the Commander Aldobrundini together with foure Captains was slaine and obtayned likewise 7. Standards But because the Swedish foot forces with the Ordnances by reason of the scituation of the place and the inconvenience of the narrow passage could not march forward so speedily the evening drew night the same day nothing more was attempted against the Imperialists by the Swedes which stayed behinde in a village and put their forces in battell array yet at night they mastered one of the enemies workes in which lay 300 musquâ—tiers which they put to the sword many likewise of the enemies souldiers which were hidden here and therein the Forrest they chased out of the same and put them to the sword In the mean time the enemy on the right hand of the Hill planted his Ordnances and put his foot forces in his entrenched campe in Battell array Now when the next morning following at the dawning of the day the Swedes laboured to get up the Hill they at last mastered an high ground on the left side although somwhat lower than the enemies ground was Whereupon they could plant the Ordnances and thus they visited one another with the Canons the horsemen likewise making divers encounters In the meane time a part of the Swedish foot forces laboured to master a Sconce in which the enemy had planted three Demicanons together with some small pieces and did with them more harme to the Swedes than the Swedes could do vnto them by reason they had the lower ground after many sharpe and bloudy skirmishes the Swedish forces did beat the enemy out of the said sconce But being by reason of their improvidence the powder that was present there happened on fire against al hope the Swedish souldiers receiued not a small hurt by it yea such a harme that they were forced to abandon the same againe and upon the fierce assaulting of the enemie to retire againe to the Swedlish armie that stood in battell array Whereupon the enemy with his continuall shooting out of his ordnances from his batteries put the Swedes so hard to it that after that they had lost a great many of their officers and souldiers it was thought best of all to retire in good order a little way off from the hill downe into the valley where they might bee free a little of the force of the ememies Canons In the meane time 100 men of every Brigade or Regiment of foot with a good Officer and horsemen adioyning on both sides were commanded to maitaine the place where the Swedish stood till under the favor of the same they had gained a firm ground in the vnlley and then these that were left behinde to maintaine the place might the better retire towards them But the enemy perceiving their intent commanded on the right side some Regiments of Crabats and on the left side the Spanish forces to out off the passage from them which assaulted them who were left to maintaine the place so furiously that by reason of the situation of the place none could second the other but fell into a confusion and every one began to save himselfe as well as he could and retire towards the woods By which confusion they lost together with the Ordnances the most part of the Ensignes and Baggages The enemy pursued after the fleeing Swedes with some 1000 Crabats but because his Excellence the Rhinegrave Otto Ludwig with his forces was nigh at hand to conioyne with the Swedish forces the Crabats retired and put up the pursuit of the Swedish forces What and how many of the Commanders Officers and Souldiers on the Swedish side were slaine we have not yet any certainty of it except what wee heare by the relation of some Officers and others that were taken prisoners by the enemy and now released againe and by other intelligences we understand that the Field-Marshall Horne together with the Field-Marshall Crâ—tz the Generall Maior Rostein the Generall Maior Shaffelitztry and other high and under Officers are taken prisoners The young Maronesse Fredericke the Lord of Cherolin the Commander Shneidwind which commanded as Generall Maior Colonell Wettverger and divers other Officers were slaine The Lord of Hoff Kirchen and many others were wounded and hurt After this unhappy accident Duke Bernhard retired first to Constate from thence to Heylbronne to recollect againe the dispersed troupes where the Rhinegrave yet continueth and formeth an Armie to keepe the enemy a little backe till the Swedish forces are rallyed and then they will oppose the enemy with all their power After the battell was ended the enemy turned againe towards Nordlingeâ— and after that hee had battered the same againe very hard the said Towne was surrendred the next day following Thus this battell is related diversly and wherein the more probability of truth is set downe we can onely discerne by consequents doubtlesse a great blow was then given to the Swedes After so great a letting of bloud we have reason here to conclude this part of our History and to give time and leave anâ—o the weakened party to recollect strength againe Therefore hoping to get both matters and encouragement for the continuation of these relations of Germane affaires and to begin againe here where now we breake off we will but slightly touch such actions as being befallen since the battell may require the first place in the next booke They are contained in a letter written from Mentz the â—… of Novemb. 1634. which saith thus much Nordlingen being yeelded unto the King of Hungarie he turned with the best part of his Armie towards Vlm and summoned or rather commanded the same to yeeld But upon an answer whereby these of Vlm declared faithfully to stand to their word given to the united Princes and States The King tooke his march into the Dukedome of Wirtemberg There Lieutenant Collonel Gronway of Generall Hornes Regiment having beene left to command the garrison in Geppingen he with foure Companies being the garrison entred into the Kings service and delivering that Towne was in recompence made Collonel There was a Garrison also in Kircheiâ—… an other reasonable strong Army which the Commander there named Liâ—ck did likewise surrender to the King This example was followed by all other Townes of that Country they being though wailed not fortified and especially by the two Imperiall Cities Eslingen and Reutlingen But Shorndorf Ashberg Aurach and other strong places and Castles being well provided with Garrisons and necessaries doth both hold out and much annoy the enemy All the open Country of that Dukedome hath beene put under contribution notwithstanding that all such goods especially Corne and Wine as was sound hath beene transported to Ingolstat Brissach Lindaw and other places And to expresse the cruelties there committed without respect of sexe or condition would require a whole Booke The Imperiall Armie came from thence before Heilbronne and troubled the same with no ordnance but onely with granadoes in such manner that at once there were put on fire
THE GERMAN HISTORY CONTINVED THE SEVENTH PART Wherein is conteyned the principall passages of the last Summer Methodically digested into times places and actions and brought down to this present With the siege and taking of Regenspurg as also the Siege and Battell of Norlingen with an exact Mappe thereof Lastly is added certaine Misselanies of Stories of most parts of Christendome All which is done not by the former but another Author Quid suecus vel Cimber agit vis forte videre I fuge sed poteris doctier esse domi LONDON Printed for Nathaniel Butter and Nicholas Bourne 1634. To the Reader HEe that shall adventure to set forth a Story is as sure to meet with scoffes as a souldier is with knocks The best Historians hath not scaped uncensured Livie so much commended by Quintilian was condemned by one of too much verbositie by another of affected Patavinity I am ready to undergoe the common fate armed against ill Language with that innocency which accompanieth Truth and my desire of communicating that Intelligence which at first was private to the publick benefit Hee that ingrosseth all to himselfe may thinke himselfe wise but will scarce prove himselfe honest and they which censure the labors of them who intend a common good give evidence against themselves of a snarling Cynicisme not Scholasticall ingenuitie I dare boldly say I have deliuered truth unpartially and although collected with much labour out of scattered papers yet it is set downe so methodically that a meane capacity may runne along with the History apprehend by Jmagination what was don by Action I wish it may in the reading work as well upon the generous English spirits as Xenophons Cyropaedia upon the African Scipio that all may bee inflamed with a desire of honourable actions and able to undergoe the charge of Commanders if thereunto required by their King and Countrey so hee wisheth who hath exposed himselfe to your censure and this worke for your information N.C. The Contents of the whole Booke Chapter 1. The Actions of the King of Hungary Generall of the Imperiall Army and the opposition made against him by the Duke Bernhard Weymar Gustavus Horne and Otho the Rhinegrave principall Commanders for the Princes and Swedes Chap. 2. Duke Bernhard Weymar Gustavus Horne and Otho the Rhinegrave Chap. 3. The Actions of the King of Hungary and Duke of Bavaria in Franconia and Bavaria with the proceedings of Duke Bernhard Weymar and Gustavus Horne two principall Commanders for the Princes of the Vnion there or a relation of what hath beene done on both sides since Iuly the 20. Chap. 4. The continuance of the King of Hungaries Storie wherein you have the severall Relations of the siege and battell of Nordlingen Chap. 5. The Actions of Otho Lodowicke the Rhinegrave Chap. 6. The Actions of the Landtgrave of Hessen and the Duke of Lunenburgh in Westfalia Paderborne and Brunswickland and elsewhere Chap. 7. Further Actions of proceeding of the Landtgrave of Hessen and the Duke of Lunenburgh Chap. 8. The Actions of the Electors of Saxony and Brandenburgh Chap. 9. Saxon and Brandenburghs proceedings continued Chap. 10. Further proceedings of the Dukes of Saxony and Brandenburgh Certaine Missellany Relations The great Deluge in Holsatia Chap. 11. The Actions of France Italy Spaine and the Low-Countries Chap. 12. The magnificent interment of the King of Sweden Chap. 13. Certaine passages of Russia Poland and Turkey Chap. 14. The siege of La Motta in Lorraine Chap. 15. The returne of Monsieur into France Paris the 12. of Octob. 1634. Chap. 16. An Edict of the French King concerning the Duke of Lorraine In the Misselanies fol. 32. for Persia reade Prussia A true Delineation of the Swedish and Imperiall Campe neare Nordlingen and in what this Citie was 〈…〉 AFter that the King of Hungarie after the taking of the Imperiall Citie of Regenspurg had likewise brought under his power the Citie of Donawerth and other places thereabout Hee thereupon tooke a resolution to march into the Country of Wirttenberg and to refresh there againe his halfe starved Armie And that the easier hee might performe it he marched first of all directly against the City of Nordlingen and begun to assault the said Towne in a hostile manner But Duke Bernhard of Weymar and the Field Marshall Horn having few dayes before conjoyned their forces perceived betimes the King of Hungarie his intent wherefore all their care was how they might hinder and divert it To which end they marched the 9.19 day of August at Leypheimb over the Danubie from thence they marched towards Giengen Heydenhem Aalen and Bopffingen where they after that they had afore cut off and put to the sword about 1000 of the Imperialists and some 100 taken prisoners pitched their Camp upon a Hil near a Forrest over against the Imperial camp to expect there the Rhinegravish Wirtenbergish Franconian and D. William of Saxon Weymar his forces which were commanded to joyne with them and then if occasion would serve to give battell unto the enemy But that in the mean time the Citie of Nordlingen might not be mastered by the enemy Duke Bernhard of Weymar and the Feeld-Marshall Horne resolved to strengthen the Garrison in the towne with more forces and to impart to the Citie their intention For the effecting of this and if possibly occasion would serve to give battaile unto the enemy being by the prisoners certified that the enemy was much disperced and had sent many troupes abroad they the 14.24 of this moneth put their forces in battaile array and perceiving the enemy to lay over a passage neare a little River that flowes through the Citie of Nordlingen and downe from the Hill they could not well discerne how the passage was Duke Bernhard with the right wing advanced till unto the passage and all the Imperialists which he found on this side He chased over the River and thereupon made a stand at the passage seeing he could not well get over the same in the presence of the enemy till the Feeld-Marshall Horn had brought the succour into the Citie Whes this was successefully performed the Duke intended to retire again But as soone as hee was gone a little way from the passage the enemy with all his Regiâ—ents of Crabats Hungarians and German horsemen sell upon the Arriere-guard with whom they ingaged themselves so much that it was impossible to part agaiâ—e wherefore Duke Bernhard was forced to turne baâ—e againe and assault them with all his strength and puâ— all the Regiments into a confusion and to flight so thâ—t many of them were slaine had not the night so suddâ—nly fallen upon them the slaughter would have beene mâ—ch greater Thereupon the Duke held all that night neaâ—e the said passage till the morning and then he made hâ—re treat againe to the rest of the Armie upon the aforemâ—ntioned Hill Meane while Colonell Iohn de Werth beâ—â—an likewise to pursue the Duke but was quickly beaten â—…cke In these
severall skirmishes above 2000 of the Impeâ—…alists party did run over and partly were slaine or taken prisoners The Earle of Cratz being also arrived about â—at time in the Camp The both the Generalls advanced the 26. day of Aug. 6 of Sep. with their Armie to takeâ— hill which commanded the Imperiall Campe and about evening they routed the Spanish and Italian troupes and obtained 12 Standards and doubtlesse they would have obtained a great victory had not the night overtaken them The next day following they begun on both sides to skirmish againe till at last the Feeld-Marshall Horn with the foot forces got a part of the Hill and brought upon it 6 Pieces of Ordnance and begun to play with them against the enemies Campe and at the same time some Swedish foot-forces got over the trenches into the campe and tooke of the Imperialists some Ensignes which they brought backe along with them But at last the charges being often renewed the Imperialists drew all their forces together and assayled their enemies foot-forces so that after a long fight they put them into a confusion and overthrew them But the most part of the horsemen retired in reasonable order the Ordnance being taken away by some runneawayes was lost and the baggage was most part plundred and taken away by the Swedes themselves A. The Citie of Nordlingen B. The Church upon the Hill where two Batteries were raised C. S. Leonhardt where 1. Regiment had approached already into the Garden D. The Hill where the Gallows stood E. The whole Imperiall Campe upon the Steffel hill F. Two Demicanons G. Three field-peeces H. Three Regiments and some peeces of Ordnance I. The Head quarter Emerling K. One companie of Currassiers that keepe the watch L. One Regiment of foot M. The Tent of the King of Hungarie N. Crabats O. Germane horsemen P. Foot forces Which presented themselues in battel-array when D. Bernhard of Weymar arrived Q. The River of Eger R. The Lhoe-mill S. Vndermeiningen T. Hollzheim V. Ertlingen W. Baldingen X. Topffingen Y. Eringen Z. Bintzenzimmer a. Blaumloh b. Kraulhausen c. Trohtelfingen d. Wallerstein e. Kirchheim f. Osterholtz g. An Imperiall Watch. In these Villages and thereabouts were the Quarters of the Imperiall horsemer 1. Bopffingen 2. The Ipff. 3. Flohe hill 4. Oberduffe 5. In the 8. Mill on the River of Eger 6. Auff Haysen 7. The beginning of the River of Eger 8. The Breitwangel 9. The Swedish Campe. 10. The Ordnances 11. The House of Hohenberg 12. The way to Vlm. 13. The Forrest 14. Keckingen The Actions of the King of Hungaria Generall of the Imperiall Army and the opposition made against him by the D. Bernhard Weymar Gustavus Horne and Otho the Rhinegrave prinâ—…all Commanders for the Princes and Swedes CAP. 1. THe siege of Ratisbone by the Imperiall and Bavarian Armies with some preparations made by Duke Bernhard of Saxon Weymar for the defence thereof concluded our last discourse of his proceedings wee must now alter the scene and follow him into another Province where he falls upon the Enemie burning and wasting his Country whilest his power is imployed in this offensive forraigne war It is an Aphorisme among Physitians whose study only tends to the preservation of the Naturall body that if a fluxe of sharp humours fall upon the eye or any such tender part that if by fit purgative medicines they cannot carry it away the stream must be turned and the matter transported to the coÌ„mon ordinary neighbour Emunctories And many wise Commanders whose care extends it selfe to the preservation of the body politique in peace have followed this Rule That when the Armies of aliens in hostile manner shall invade their territories the only expeditious way of securing their own is to fall upon the Enemies land that so hee may be called home and diverted from his former counsels Thus Pericles in the Peloponnesian war twice and both times speedily and happily delivered the Athenians countrey from the formidable Hoste of the Lacedemonians Thus Agathocles the King opposing feare to feare and force to force conveighing his Army by sea into Africa suddenly raised the Siege of Syracusa when Amilcar was set down before it the Carthagenians being constrainedly willing to purchase their safety with the quiet of their Enemies Thus Hannibal when the Romanes had so strongly planted themselves before Capua that hee esteemed it a matter of extream difficultie if not impossibility to remove them by force brought his Army to the gates of Rome deeming this the surest way to quit his friends from imminent danger and this device was so successeful that Fulvius Flaccus one of the Consuls was instantly sent for home from Capua for the reliefe of the Citie And the D. attempted about May 27. Iune 6. to deliver the Citie of Regensburg from the fury of the besiegers by an inroade into Bavaria pillaging and spoiling the enemies countrey blocking up one place besieging another and doing him what dammage they could in every place And this course of his was the cause that about Iune 11 1 some Imperiall Regiments were sent back into Bohemia to assure that Country against the Protestants some of the Bavarians Army marched downwards by Strawbingen into Bavaria to secure those coasts from invasion The Fort of Roâ—…berg besieged by D. Bâ—… And yet the D. Weymar at his first going from Rhegensburg looked not towards Bavaria but Franconia and therefore marched by Newmarck a towne in the upper Palatinat towards Altorff where wee finde him in his head quarter May 31 Iune 10. But hence hee straight dislodged marching towards the river of Pegnitz and thence hee first applyed himselfe to the strong Fort of Rottenberge where hee left the Lieutenant Colonel Laverwaldt with 1500 Musquetiers and sufficient ammunition to besiege it who so well discharged his office there that by Iune 5 15 he had made his approaches to the very walls neere the Shiniger steeple secured his Army from the danger of the Canon and much discouraged them within the Fort who were not onely hemm'd in by Enemies without but pincht and ready to faint for want of water within Thence hee marched with the rest of his Army to Forchaim a Citie which had not onely formerly supplyed the Castle of Wilsburg when it was besieged by the Swedish Colonell Sperreuter and Landgrave Iohn of Hessen but now also is a nest of trouble some guests to their Neighbours daily doing much harme about Megeldorff Gleishammer and the places thereabouts by pillaging 〈…〉 act of a Swedish Sâ—… We cannot here passe over a memorable adventure of a Swedish Serjeant whose name though it be not discovered to us is worthy to be recorded for his valour and wisedome Some ordinary men have done strange things casually but few by praeelection and judgement but this man shewed as much discretion in the prosecution of his designe as boldnesse in the first undertaking The story is briefly thus About Iune 1 11. 400 foot and 80 Horse
necessity D. Bernhard Weymar Gustavus Horne and Otho the Rhinegrave CAP. 2. OPportunity whether in peace or war if not neglected is the best engine most advantageous in peace the thriving Merchant by taking the benefit of wind and tide makes a quick return and gainfull and in war the spoiling bands of the souldiery by seasonable use of their present occasions load themselves with the prey of their Enemies The severall ingagements of the Duke Bern of Saxon Weymar and the Field-marshall Horne and the dis-union of their Armies which so continued till Iuly 1.11 when they were united into one body betwixt Donawerth and Augspurg Iohn de Werth pillageth Ortinguen c. gave opportunity to the Bavarian Commander Iohn de Werth to range about Franconia plundering and spoiling those places which had any relation to the Evangelicall party Iune 2.12 he shewed himselfe with 50 Cornets of Horse all Crabats and Hungarians before Hippolstein Windelstein Heideck and some other townes in Franckenland presuming sometimes to advance even to the Gates of Norimberge But all this was but a bravadoe his designe lay elsewhere nor stayed hee long to shew his bravery but quickly returning towards Bavaria by Pappenheim upon the Altimull and Donawerth upon the river of Danubie he straight wheeled about againe towards Ortinguen and Dreutinguen which hee sacked in the absence of these Generalls and the particular Commanders of those places carrying away a great prize 2000 heads of Cattell 300 sacks of meat and 300 prisoners to Ingolstade In like manner the Governour of Aicha knowing that Horne having other ingagements could not give attendance only upon that place as soone as he understood that hee was gone from thence with his Army contrary to the agreement and his promise returned againe and re-possest himselfe of the place from which hee had so lately beene ejected The town of Aicha re-taken by Horn and the Governour hanged I know not in this action whether he was more to be condemned of folly or falshood both these appeare plainely in his undertaking folly in that he could imagine himselfe able to hold the place which was now unfortifyed for the gates were demolished and the fortifications cast downe by Gustanus Horus which hee could not keepe fortifyed falshood in breaking his word and oath then which nothing ought to be observed more religiously Peradventure hee had learned the doctrine of Jesuiticall Equivocation and only meant to keep his promise of not returning as long as the Field marshall stayed there it had beene better for him to have dealt plainly and kept his word punctually for by the forfeiture of his credit hee lost his life ignominiously and betrayed the Citie to desolation utterly the treachery was soone discovered to the Marshall who returned instantly and stayed not to summon the towne but tooke it by assault put the most of the to wnsmen and soldiers to the sword hanged the perfidious Commander before one of the gates and burned the towne to the ground This was good justice and required by the law of Armes for he that doth not punish such faithlesnesses openeth a gap to all perfidiousnesse Iohn de Werth taken prisoner The Army of the Baâ—arian Werth who dealt more fairly for he did nothing but what was lawfull for an Enemy hath since his practice of hostile pillaging been once defeâ—â—…d by Gâ—shavâ—… Hâ—rne neare Auspurg whence hee had the pursuit of his confused Army almost to â—achaw the space of German miles and in the end â—…orly â—uined by D. Bâ—…burd Iâ—… 7.17 betwixt Landshut and Psaltenhoven where 〈◊〉 of his Soldier were shine and himselfe â—…tly â—sâ—…ped Dachaw Frysing Mosburg and Landshul taken by Duke Bernâ— And now to passe over the severall encampings and removings of these 2. great Commanders before the meeting of their forces in the first place I finde that by July 8.18 they had taken by composition Dachaw upon the river of Amber Frysing and Mosburg upon the Iser which Cities to save themselves from pillaging promised to supply the Army with as much come as they could get and as much provision as they could conveniently spare and from thence marched towards Passaw with intent to releeve Regenspurgh in which attempt I shall for a short space leave them for now we must looks abroad towards Alsatia and the Lake of Constans where the Swedes and Souldiers of Otho the Rhinegrave are bickering with the Imperialists and these againe returning of blowes to them The Rhinegrave Otho Lodowick to whose care the war in Alsatia was first committed being gone from thence towards Tyroll to attend the comming downe of the Cardinall Infante with his Italians whom he waited upon with 7000. men taken out of his Armie and 9000. others sent unto him upon the way by the direction of the Rixchancellor Oxenstierne and having deputed his brother Iohn Philip his Lieutenant Generally the Imperials in the garrison neer to Rhinefelden seeing the Leagues thus weakned entered into a consulation how to deliver the town and to deliver the Imperiall commander Morcye who kept in from the Swedish Armies To this purpose June 5.15 all the horse in Brissuck and 400 Musâ—etiers being sent from thence joyned with â—…o â—…in Villinguen and 1000. Boores marched directly against the Campe before Rhinefelden This plot of the enemie was not caried so closely but that it was in good time discovered to Iohn Philip the Rhinegrave And he to secure the Campe sent out a party of 25. Horse to descry the number of his enemies and the manner of their March and upon the view by shooting off their pistols to give a general warning to the Leaguer they were not gone farre from the Campe but they had espied the Imperialls upon their march who at once giving sire upon the Rhinegraves horsemen did what they should have done give notice to the Campe of their approaching and the volley of shot was not onely harmelesse to the 25. horsemen but beneficiall to the Campe and hurtfull to themselves For they presently perceiving themselves to be discovered fled in such disorder and confusion that not above 100. of them went together any one way and as it is probably conjectured those few horse which were sent out to discover them might alone have made flaughter of many hundreds of them if they had pursued them But they returned to the Campe and thence some others were sent after them who overtooke some stragling Companies and slew as many as they found 4. Companies of Lorraine Horsemen defeated by the Garrison at Ensisheim The same night and to the same purpose 4. Companies of Lorraine horse intending to have joyned with the Brissackers Villengueners and Boares of the hart the woodland of Alsatia were discovered in their March by the Swedes in the garrison of Ensisheim situate upon the Ill a river in the edge of the Hart who presently made after them overtooke them in the Forrest within two German miles of Ensisheim and sixe from-Rhinefelden
whereof there dyed daily tenne or twelve persons and the D. of Bavaria had laid the Regiment of the Colonell Comargo who was slaine before Regenspurgh into Strawbingen the King himselfe it is said from Auspurg July 28 went towards Passaw his Lieutenant Gen Gallas marched towards Bohemia with 11 Regiments and the rest of the Imperiall Army was conjoyned with the Bavarian And this report though it was at the first confirmed from divers places yet at last they all conclude generally that both the King himselfe and the Earle of Gallas returned speedily towards Bavaria intending to pursue their fortune which had beene so favourable to them in those parts His first designe was against Donawerth wherein the Lieutenant Colonell Termo lay and commanded The manner of the Kings march thitherward is thus expressed by Letters from Nordlingen a citie upon the borders of Wirtemberg in the mid way betwixt Donawerth and Bopffingen distant from each about German miles who had it by relation of two Souldiers which ranne away from the Imperialists and came to Nordlingen Aug. 5.15 two souldiers which were of the Field-Marshal Horns Life-Regiment and had beene taken prisoners by the Imperialists betwixt Moseburg and Landshut when they had beene kept in fetters by the space of certaine dayes unransomed and unexchanged were constrained to take pay under Colonell Fugger but yesterday morning when the Imperialists were measuring out the Camp for the foot forces neere the towne of Raine a place upon the Bavarian side of the Danubie upon the Lech almost opposite to Donawerth and distant thence about two German miles faining as if they went to fetch wood to build their tents came hither and reported that the Imperiall Horse 15000 strong and the Infantery consisting of 20 Regiments were within but little more than an houres journey from Donawerth that they had with them 60 pieces of Ordnance 2 fire morterers A true relation the like being reported from Auspurg Aug. 6.16 and made manifest by the consequence which was the taking in of Donawerth Aug. 7.17 by composition but afterwards pillaged From Donawerth the Imperiall Army marched against Nordlingen as appeares by these Letters under-written Weysenburg Aug. 12.22 THe Enemy before Nordlingen goeth very slow to worke it is in a manner only blocked up for the Imperialists cannot bring their Canons neere the towne they within the Citie wherein the blew Regiment is lodged so strenuously oppose them And this Story was confirmed by 2 Letters from Bopffingen and one from Franconia the first whereof bearing date Aug. 13.23 is thus THe Enemy assaulted the City of Nordlingen but few dayes since with some selected troopes thinking to surprize it unawares but the Commander there is a brave Soldier never had his eyes hurt with smoake and by watchfulnesse prevented them Hereupon the King of Hungarie with his whole Army marched before it and hath battered it without intermission the space of 3 whole dayes Now the besieged haue need of present succour and reliefe assoon as the Rhinegraves Army which is expected hourely some forces from the Bodensea which the Field-marshall Horne hath sent for and the Wirtembergers shal arrive all which may well be within these 2 dayes then Duke Bernhard who this day with the Foot-forces and Artillery is arrived here and the Field-marshal Horn who was come with the Avantgard yesterday are resolved to try their fortune and to relieve the City and to give battell to the Enemy The second is thus Assoone as the Enemy before Nordlingen heard of the comming of our forces he dislodged from before it and sent all his baggage towards Donawerth It is reported that he standeth in battel array within 1 hours march of this place that he hath called unto him the Commander Isolan that he hath sent for those troops which were left about the Danubie and the river of Lech the Commander Iohn de Werth with his Horsemen We never were so neere the Enemy as now The last bearing date Aug. 17.27 is thus Even now we receive Avisoes that Duke Bernhard and Gustavus Horne assaulted the Enemy upon Friday last Aug. 15.25 before Norlingen and in the fury out off 2000 Imperiall Curassiers The particulars we expect hereafter They wrote from Auspurg Iuly 30. Aug. 9. the D. Bern marched from thence over the Danubie and the Field-marshall towards Landsperg and Gongaw to have an eye upon the Enemy And yet this division of these Commanders exposed the Cities and Country of Franconia and about the Danubie to the spoile of the Imperiall Army 14 dayes the D. spent in strengthning his Army with new supplyes being forced for that purpose to raise the siege of Forcheim and recall the Field-marshall Cratz from thence to send for some other troopes which lay in the lower Palatinat the trained hands of Franconia and Wirtemberg all which required time and gave the Imperialists much advantage The siege of Forcheim raised The Field-marshall Cratz as it is written from Franconia Iuly 27. Aug. 6. had so insconced himselfe that hee was secure from danger by assault of the Enemy and brought the Garison to that extremity that they within were much scanted of victuals and in such want of ammunition especially that the Citizens were constrained to give them their Pewter dishes as some prisoners reported to make bullets and began to speak of yeelding by composition but the sudden rising of the Campe eased them of these necessities and brought much vexation to the neighbouring territory During the time of the siege as they of Norimberge not without joy delivered it the wayes were passable the Country delivered from Boot-halers and the price of food brought downe to a reasonable rate yet that siege was no sooner raised but the Garison stragled againe abroad pillaged the Country till with in halfe a German League of Norimberge burnt to ashes many Villages which had not payed contribution in that time as namely Cros-râ—…th Klein-reâ—th Loâ—e Malms-hoffe Crafts-hoffe Neun-hoffe Hewltzberg and Faâ—h omitting to doe nothing there which had a rellish of hostile insolency This was a time of sorrow and lamentation to all that Province which longed for deliverance but had not as yet strength to bring forth The Imperiall army ceased not from doing whatsoever might any way molest or offend their adversaries Hippolstein assaulted Upon Munday Aug. 3.13.130 Imperiall Horse suddenly assaulted Hippolstein beat downe one of the Ramparts broke open the outmost gate had thought to have plundered the towne Greding Dietfurd plundered as before they had done at Greding and Dietfurd but the Citizens quickly betaking themselves to their Arms and the hinderance by the draw-bridge which was then taken up did then frustrate that attempt which is reported to have been performed the Thursday following But that very Munday though the fortune of war smiled a little upon the Evangelicall there was more unfortunat to this party about Norimberge A Swedish company of 25 Horse surprised for theÌ„ 25
Swedish Horsemen going from thence to the Army were suddenly set upon by 2 Imperiall-troopes which being hidden in a thicket sallyed upon them in the way slew some of them and tooke all the rest prisoners except the Captain who alone with his wife escaped 15 Wagons loaden with Merchants goods taken by the Imperialists then 15 Wagons which came from Vlin and Nordlingen loaden with Merchants goods towards Norimberg were surprised by 200 Imperial Horsmen the Convoy for the most part slain or wounded al the Wagons but one which was loaden with bedding carryed away towards Deversdorff and little Abenberg About the same time they of Forcheim sent out a party almost as far as the Imperial City of Winshaim which burned Newstat a Citie in Franconia upon the River of Aisch Daxbach and many other places the Imperialists surprised Kaufforyern in Schwabenland carryed away the Garrison soldiers which were about an hundred Foot and 25 Horse prisoners plundered Ottingen and Wendlingen Onspach taken the Marquisate given to Iohn de Werth and Iohn de Werth the Bavarian lately a prisoner but then ransomed took-in the Citie of Onspach laid into it three Imperiall Regiments for a Garrison and was rewarded for his service with the honour of the Marquisate thereof by the K. of Hungarie who in requitall of his action conferred that honour freely upon him Barreuch a City in the upper Palatinat was assaulted by the Imperialists of Averbach by night Aug. 5.15 but the Lieutenant Colonell that conducted this Army and commanded in Averbach lost himselfe there being slaine with many others which followed him and so they were forced to returne without any honourable atchievement The City of Weyden in the upper Palatinat was twice assaulted by the forces in Amberg Tershenrent Partestein and other places Fryday 8.18 August especially but then they were vaâ—…ly â—…aâ—en off and forced with great losse to return from whence they came â—otenberg an Imperiall City upon the Taâ—ber in â—…oma was summoned Aug. 10. â—… by the Kings Army and threatned that if it would not surrender they would put all both yong and old to the sword but the Citizens having received into the City 130 Swedes the day before resolved to stand out to the last man and on Munday morning about 7 of the clock sallyed forth with some selected Boors whereof there were 600 in the towne cut off 6 of the Army without the losse of one man recovered 150 great cattell which the Imperialists had got by pillage thereabouts whereupon the Enemy the next day following departed thence The Swedes at Dâ—…gelspiell Aug. 12.22 under the command of Colonel Rosâ— sallied out tooke 100 prisoners slew 200 men and recovered the greatest part of the Cattell Horse and other booty which the Kings Army had gotten in Pranconia Three or some dayes before some Regiments of Horse and Foot were sent against Gerâ—…nâ— an Imperiall City in Schwabenland in the frontier of the Dukedome of Wirtemberg but few of them returned back and thereabout as they write from Bopffingen Aug. 13.23 in the space of two or three dayes were flame outright above 1200 Imperialists whereof many were hanged because of their insolencyes and almost as many taken prisoners the greatest part whereof were Officers Lieutenants Comets and the like To this estate matters were brought before the comming downe of the Evangelicall armies alter they were once divided The taking of Landshâ—… and death of Altringer Turn we now back to the taking of Landshâ—… and death of the Generall Altringer which though it be â—…ched before yet because it is now more fully discovered by out latter intelligence though it was first in time may fitly be here inserted and it is thus set downe in a Letter out of D. Bernhards Campe in Bavaria Iuly 26. Aug. 5. Wee were fully resolved if it had been possible to have releeved Ratisbone but being herein disappointed wee marched towards Landshut and came before it Iuly 10.20 we hoped that the City would have yeelded upon faire termes but the Inhabitants were too confident of their own strength which consisted of 3 new Regiments of Dragoniers besides the ordinary Garison and relief by the Bavarian Field-marshall Aleringer who appeared on the other side of the Iser within a Canons shot of the City and therefore refused to hearken unto any tearmes of composition The Duke Bernhard hereupon assaulted the Castle and Gustavus Horn the City the walls whereof being battered were broken down by violence of the Canon and the breach entred by the Soldiers who destroyed many in the fury tooke prisoner the Commander Hinderson a Lieutenant Colonell and many other Officers of note chasing the remainder over the bridge and through the Iser The Bavarian Generall which came to rescue the besieged was himselfe so put to it that he perceived no way of safety left him but by flight and this way hee would have used but his Army being rowted the bridge was thronged with clusters of men and the passage so barricadoed with the crowde of his flying soldiers that he was forced to leap into the streame where the mortall shot of a musket over-reached him the watry Element did not cover his head on which the bullet smote him so deadly that thereon he died immediately The Imperiall Horse posted then with all speed towards Regensburg being pursued by the Princes forces no farther then Eckenmuhl because the Foot could not easily passe the Laber. The Citizens and Soldiers in Landshut spared no paines to defend the breach from invasion thither they carried hay straw brush fagots and the like fewell which they kindled thinking by that meanes to keepe the Swedish Souldiers from scaling the walls but the sire catching some houses neere quickly increased so violently that the Castle and halfe the Citie was burned to the ground while the other halfe became a prey to the Army And now we returne to see the passages of those 2. great Armies in Franconia upon which the eyes of Germany are more specially fixed the flower of the Empire being set to play together for no lesse a stake then a large and goodly Countrey Both parties are now busied in making up their Armies full the Bavarians rejoyned themselves with the Imperialls from whom they were gone for a little space to looke homeward upon the desolation of their owne Province and to avenge themselves as occasion offered it selfe upon their enemie The Spanish forces 12000. strong under the Cardinal Infants who had stayed so long at Inspruck to strengthen his Army with the remnant of those which served lately under the D. of Feria some fresh Germans and Millainers repaired to the Imperiall colours at Nordlingen Duke Bernhard and the Fieldmarshall Horne bring their Armies together that so they might joyntly oppose them The first intention of the Evangelicall Commanders was to releeve the city of Nordlingen which the King aimed at in the first place and then to give battell to the whole Imperiall
party The beginning of these enterprises was prosperous for as it is written from Weysenburg Colonell Plato and the Lord of Hoff-Kirchen having dispersed 500 Imperiall Curiasseirs which were set to keep the passage to the City the Fieldm Horn brought in 300. Musquetiers conferred with the Governor the L. Ebrahed Dacbitz and the Citizens and returned back before the Imperiall Armâ— was aware this was done August 14.24 The Commander in the towne incouraged by this new supply the same night about 2. of the clock sallied forth to assault one of the Kings workes thinking to burne it but the baskets and wood being green would not take fire and so missed this designe yet the next day about 3. of the clocke in the afternoone he sallied forth againe betwixt the Rimlinger and Deininger gare assaulted another battery made of dry wood so large that 6. Canons might bee well planted upon it chased the Imperialists out of the trenches in which they lay insconsed thereabouts slew some and took 4. prisoners and burned the battery to the ground The Citie thus fortified the Evangelicall Commanders make preparation to assault the Imperiall army the more incouraged hereunto by their good successe in many skirmishes betwixt some Regiments of both Armies wherein the Swedes had alwayes the best the alacrity of their owne souldiers which expressed a cheerefull desire to fight the multitude of prisoners they had lately taken all which reported that there was such a famine in the Imperiall Camp that a little loafe of bread was sold for 2. Rixdollars that the sicknesse was very hot amongst them that the Enemie was so far retired from Nordlingen that hee could scarfe reach it with the Canon that though it was reported that the whole Imperiall Bavarian and Italian Armies were 40000. strong yet in truth they were not above 30000. for so it is written from Dunkelspiel Aug 20.30 that when the rowle of the Imperiall Army was lately examined it was found that above 3000. men had been lately lost that the Hungarians would not fight because Iohn de Werth had opprobriously called them scurvie dogs that they beleeved verily that if the Imperiall Army was put to it in earnest they would not stand to it because they wanted necessary provision and ammunition and the like the truth of which appeareth for the most part and the manner by the extract of a letter written in the swedish campe at the Imperiall City of Bopâ—inâ—en Aug. â—… â—0 as followeth When wee had passed by Keipheim over the Danubie the next day after in the afteâ—…onâ— we matched by Giengâ—n whoâ—e Duke Earâ—hands Life guard and the Chuâ—laâ—disâ— Regiment which had the Van Aug 10.20 defeated 6â—0 of the Imperiall Curiâ—ssiâ—rs and took many prisoners which related that the Kings Army was in great perplexity and that Iohn de Wâ—rth with 7. Regiments had made an invasion into Franconia Hereupon a Councell of war was called to advise whether it was â—ot beâ—t in the absence of this Commander to tâ—â—e the advantage and give present battell to the Enemy but it being resolved on that it was best first to secure the Countrey of Wiâ—tenberg and then to Attach the Enemy we marched the same evening to Heydeâ—heim a frontier City of the Dukedome and thence the next day Aug 11.21 Duke Bernh marched betimes with the horse men to Awâ—en where he eat off above 1000. stragling Imperialis and tooke 300. prisoners thither we also arrived at night and the next day the Avantguard under the Fieldmarshall Horn arrived here at Bopsingen tooke a passage which opened the way to the Imperiall Citie of Nordlingen from the Crabats Hungarians and Pollacks which kept it before the Duke Bernh could reach hither who came not to us till the next day with the maine body of the Army The report of the prisoners that Iohn de Werth with his 7. Regiments was not yet returned out of Franconiâ— and that the Imperiall Army was very weake incouraged us not a little to put some thing to an adventure and thereupon resolved to dislodge betimes the next morning Aug 14.24 that we might take the high ground which lay before us and as occasion did present it selfe fight with the Enemy The day following Aug 15.25 we stood betimes in the morning in battle array when the Duke Bernhard with the Avantguard and some selected Musqueâ—…rs beate off the Hungarianâ— and Crabats from their station upon the mentioned Hill and became master of it Hence we perceived that the Imperiall armie kept another passage neere a little river which runneth through the City of Nordlingen but could not well discerne how it stood and with what conveniency we might passe that way The Duke himselfe therfore advanced thitherward with the right wing of his army and chased the Imperialists headlong through the River and then perceiving it to be dangerous to attempt any further that way in the presence of the Enemie they all concluded with one generall vote onely how to succour the City of Nordlingen to furnish it with more souldiers and to advise the garrison citizens of their full intention and thereupon we stood armed upon the passage to hinder the Enemie from marching over it whiles the Fieldmarsh Horne might goe in safety to the City which he did without hinderance and aswell as could be wished Below the City some of the Enemies troopes attempted to goe over but were encountred by the Lord of Hoff-kirchen who beate them back and made them tuâ—ne headlong through the River By this the Fieldmarsh Horne had releeved the City and was upon his returne and then the Duke beginning to draw back his forces from the passage the Enemie with all his Regiments of Crabats Hungarian and Germane Horsemen fel upon his Excellencies Reare and forced the Duke himselfe to returne who thereupon assaulted them so furiously that he put them to a confused flight wherein many were slaine and more out of all question if the darknesse of night had not suddenly hid them had lost their lives The Duke then sounded the retreat and kept upon the passage till the dawning of the day at which time he repaired to the Army the which whilest he would have lodged securely Iohn de Werth set upon him with 2. Squadrons but was beaten backe by his Life Regiment whilest the rest of our Army were brought to their Quarter In these skirmishes there was slaine of the Imperiall Army and taken prisoners above 3000. and many revolted and came on our side The forces from Wirtenberg consisting of 500. men with the Ranzovish Regiment as also 600. horsemen and 400. Dragooners are arrived here with Colonell Shaffelitzkie wee onely expect the comming downe of the Rhinegrave with his troopes and then we intend to reassaile the Imperiall army with whom we are already so far ingaged that they must sight of necessity The Wirtembergers deale with us both faithfully and friendly they spare not to send us store of provision to the great encouragement
of our army Yesterday the Duke Beruh caused a young Gentleman of Shonefeldt to be hanged who was sent by the Enemy to view our army and yesterday the Swedish Commander at Wallerstein slew 60. Imperialists and the Commander in Giengen 50. and tooke many other prisoners Thus much speakes this letter which shewes the confederate princes in these attempts to have been till then if not victorious yet not unhappy THE CONTINVANCE of the King of HUNGARIES Storie to bee annexed to the former BUt the fairest morning is quickly overcast the wheele soone turneth about and this fortune which smiled thus at the first aspect almost in a moment changed his visage to teach us may it be lawfull for a Christian historian to make this application not to trust to the arme of flesh in these and the like occurrences but refer all to his discretion and ordinance which changeth the times and seasons at his pleasure suffereth the brittle vessels of clay to be dashed in pieces when they presume too much of their owne temper The outrages done by the Imperialists at Hochstatt in Swaben if there had beene nothing else could not but move the Protestant Generalls to engage themselves in fight with the Kings army that either by victorie they might secure their friends from the like cruelties afterwards or by the adventure they might give a testimony of their zeale to the Countrey of which they had undertaken the protection The bloody dealing of the Polakes and Crabats sent by the Imperiall Commander Isolani to Heckstat to summon the Citie is scarse credible yet it is thus reported by letters from thence July 21.31 The 12.22 of this moneth when this Citie was first summoned by some troopes of Polakes and Crabats the inhabitants in generall both Protestants and Catholikes ranne to the Gates immediately to set them open to the commanding souldiers But the Crabats not staying the time while this might bee done cut downe the gates and furiously plundered the City from 9 in the morning to 6. in the evening torturing many of the inhabitants most barbarously They ravished of the women even to death powred dunghill water and vineger into the thrâ—atâ— of seven men and women tyed chaines and cords about their heads and twisted them so hard that they fell downe dead upon the ground some they hanged up by the privy members sawed off the legs of some rubbed off the flesh from the legs of others to the very bones tyed the armes of others backwards and so hanged them up by those distorted parts drew many through the streetes of the City starke naked beate and wounded them with axes and hammers and generally used them with such barbarous cruelty that every man begged to bee shot or slaine instantly rather then to live and be partaker of such misery The Master of the Hospitall they roasted alive and sacked the City so miserably that they spoiled what they could not cary away as if their intention was only for waste and devastation All the corne and provision of victuals they tooke away with them and left the place so bare that many of the best ranke for the space of 8. dayes after saw not one bit of bread but were glad to feede upon unripe fruit and water and yet as if all this had been too little they spoiled the inhabitants of their garments also and exposed them to that nakednesse that neither man woman nor childe had clothes to put on but all went up and downe in their shirts and smocks having nothing else to cover them Thus writeth our discoverer But this was not all the Fieldmarshall Horne had given his word to the Commander in Nordlingen to succour him the King played fiercely upon the City and it could not hold out the Swedes must put forward if they intend to stay the conquest and on they went though unfortunately as will be more particularly discovered by what followeth I finde the battell expressed diversly as the relators stood affected the best relation is ful of horror both in the present fact and consequents and have here set them downe that the readers may be fully informed of each particular The first of these is set out by a German Catholike and is titled Victory c. A True Relation and as the same is delivered unto the Elector and Archbishop of Mainâ—z by his Noble Counsellor and Governor of Priâ—…lar Christoph Heinrich of Griesheim Sept. 2.12 Concerning The great and glorious Victory which was obtained by His Majesty the King of Hungarie and Sohemia against the Swedes and their adherents neer Nordlingen the 26 of Aug. the 6. of Sept. An. 1634. where the afore mentioned Governor himselfe was present Illustrious Archbishop and Elector my Gracious Lord THough both the Lieutenant Generall Earle of Gallas and the Field-marshall Altringer proâ—…ed to gratifie my desire in sending some auxiliary Regiments with me yet I was forced to wait all this summer from one week to another till the day of the happy surrendring of the City of Regensburg after the â—…ng whereof I againe desiring the afore 〈◊〉 iâ—ned Lieutenant Gen eâ—all Gallas â—o 〈…〉 â—ee answered that at the comming of the Italian forces sufficient meanâ— would be to succour us I therefore conferred about it with the Imperiall Commissary Ossa who desired me to go down with all speed and 〈◊〉 sten the comming of some of our Regiments towards the Pâ—ontiers of Alsaâ—ia and then we could be succoured again by the Italians Now in respect of the long and dangerous journey through Burgundie and Lorraine I sent from Lindaw with consent and knowledge of the Colonell Viâ—…thâ—mb a Trumpeter to Ravenspurg to the Swedish General Major Colonel Shafflitzky my neare kinsman and desired of him a Passe to travail into Thâ—ringen to mine owne which hee not onely granted but likewise suffered me to goe first to Ulm and Goppingen But when the aforesaid Colonell Shaffelitzkie came to the Duke Bernâ—ard of Saxon Weymar and had there made mention of me the Duke was some what displeased at it and commanded him that he should bring mee back againe to him Hee came to me just at that time when I was taking Poste and called me back but promised me by the faith of a Cavallier that no harme should be done unto me and the licence of â—asse which he had given me should be faithfully observed which was done according to his promise 〈◊〉 was not as it was here rumored held as a pilsoâ—… Aâ—…oone as I came into the Swedish Campe about â—opssingen the Field marshall Horne sent for mâ—t◠〈◊〉 and dine with him and entertained me very honourably but amongst other discourses he said that we did long very much to come into the Country of Wirtemberge and wee had beene about 〈◊〉 thâ—se â— yeares we should be patient onely for the Children of Israel had wandred 40 yeares in the wildernesse before they came into Canaan The next evening I was called againe to supper where the Duke
had commanded his agents to divide his pensions onely to the Protestants the other to the Catholick K. who as it is remēbred formerly in the larger history had made a speciall league with them Otho Lodowicke was not yet called to the assistance of the Protestants but ingaged by order from the director General to stay at home and ioyne with the Duke of Saxon Weymar and the Feeld-marshall Horne to oppose the Imperialists in the confines of Swaben and Franconia for the victorious proceeding of the King of Hungarie troubled the Peeres and Estates assembled at Francfordt who as they write from Franckeford August 28. September 7. willing to have the French their friend concluded that the fort of Philipsburg should be surrendred to the King of France upon these conditions 1. That the Governour therein should bee a Prince of the Empire 2. That the Garrison should make their oath of fealtie to the King of France the Crowne of Sweden and the Estates of Germanie 3. The Christian King should have possession of it during his life time onely and that at his death it should returne againe to the Estates of the Empire and in lew thereof the King of France should maintaine to the advantage and use of the Princes 10000. men yet this was not all Otho was presently injoyned to assist the other two forenamed Generals but how he sped there it is not here to be repeated it is set down in the King of Hungaries history For conclusion of this Chapter we have here set down the list of the Princes assembled in the Diet either in person or by proxie they are thus marshalled by a French Discoverer The Princes Fredericke Marquesse of Baden William Lant-grave of Hessen and Christian Count Palatine of Berken field And Oxenstiern Rixe-Chancelcellour of the Crowne of Sweden Philip Maurice of Hanaw Minsberg William of Solius Henry Volrad of Stolberg Iohn of Nassaw Sarbrug and his brethren Wolfgang Henry of Isamburg and Philip Earnest of Isamburg The Deputies of the Electorall Houses those of the Electorall House of the Prince Palatine of the Palatine of the two Bridges The Palatine of Lautreich Those of the Electorall house of Saxony of the Dukes of Cobourgh and Isenach of Sax-VVeymar and Sax-Altenbourgh Those of the Electorall house of Brandenburg of the Dukes of Brandenbourg Culmach and Brandenburg Onolshack The Agents of the other Princes which have place in this honourable assembly the Agents of D. Fredericke Vlrich of Brunswicke D. Augustus of Luneburg of the D. of Wirtenberg the Lantgrave of Hessen Cassell the Marquesse of Baden the Duke of Pomerania the Bishop of Breme the D. of Mechlinburg Gustraw Schuerin Christian and George Ariberth of Auhault the Deputies of Silesia of the Counts George Fredericke of Hohenloe and his brother Of the Counts of Hanaw Dillembourg and Hanaw Lichtenbourg of Iohn and Iames Counts of Eberstein Philip and Lewes Emich Counts of Leningben Lewes Wolfgang Earnest and Fredericke Lewes Counts of Levenstein and Verten and of Lewes Count of Erbach The Deputies of the Nobilitie of Franconia Swaben the Rhine and VVeteraw and to conclude the Agents or Burgesses of the confederate Cities of the foure Circles of Swaben Franconia the Higher and Lower Rhine to wit the Burgesses of Strawsbourg Norimberg Spire Franckford Wormes Vlme Sweinford and Ratis-bone though it is conceived that the last had not now any sufferage at this meeting CHAP. 6. The actions of the Lantgrave of Hessen and D. of Lunenburgh AFter the Battel with the army of the Catholicke Leaguers under the command of Boninghausen the Lieutenant Generall and the Field-Marshall Gehlen and the taking of Hamme these two Princes May. 27 27 marched directly towards Munster the chiefe citie of Westphalia scituate upon the Amisis or River of Eems and distant from Hamme Northward about sixteene English miles to prosecute their victory The estate of the Catholicke armie at that time the distractions of the Commanders the hope of succors from the D. of Newburg who was then mustering of Forces about VVermes-Kircken Linnep and other places the distresse of Munster and the summons thereof with the propositions made by the D. of Lunenburg and the request of the Elector of Collen to the Lords estates of Holland to take the Bishopricke of Munster into their possession to continue the Neutrality and to send no succors to the Lantgrave and Duke put a full point to the discourse of these two Princes proceedings in the supplement The issue of the Leaguish hopes the effects of the Embassage the Military actions on both parts and the Fortunes attending them as farre as they have gone and we have understood of them since must be the subiect of this relation Philip of Mansfield Generalissimo of the leaguish army being come in person to Boone May 25 Iune 4 was sent for thence with a strong convoy to come to Collen to conferre with the Elector about relieving the army which being hemmed in at Munster by the Hassians and Luneburghers were as much necessitated by famin as threatned by their enemies sword And here was no time for a long consultation an expeditious action was the onely meanes to rescue them and to doe this affectually more power was required than could be levied by the Leaguers instantly Therefore the Earle who had a generall Imperiall Commission to leavie Forces if occasion required to oppose the Princes and to cal to the Catholickes to assist him with their auxiliary powers having given order to his Commissaries to muster up the souldiers enquartered about Hauff upper Cassell and the places adioyning Philip Earle Mansfield soliciteth the D. of Newburg to transmit his forces to the Catholicke League Himselfe went in person to the Duke of Newburg then at Dusseldorp to desire him to transmit his armie which hee had now readie into Westphalia where beeing seconded by Augustine Spinola a neere Kinsman to the Arch-dutchesse her late Generall who was come thither from Bruxels to the same purpose hee spake to the Duke to this effect I come not to complement it neither suits with my vocation a rough souldier brought up in the campe not in the Court nor can it bee suffered by mine occasion which requires my quicke explication and your speedy resolution Your Highnesse cannot bee ignorant of the miserable condition not of Westphalia only but all Germany and the sacred Roman Empire I cannot thinke of it my selfe without a sorrowfull passion nor can I conceive that any other who hath not put on the Stoicks stupidity can heare it without compassion The enemies of the Romane Church and Empire having made a confederation against his Imperiall Maiesty his Catholicke friends and Allies doe not onely make their inrodes into our territories but strive to lay our dwellings waste and deprive us of our inheritance and whether it was through our feare and sluggishnesse or their courage and forwardnesse I know not their attempts against us have been so unfortunate to us that our armies have
any disparagement to their persons V. That they should deliuer all the prisoners they had in their custody and set them at liberty without any exception VI. That the Conuoy was returned safe againe to the Army they should leaue two sufficie â—e men for Hostages which afterwards should be carried to places of safety Lastly that the Capitulation being subscribed they should instantly surrendes their Ourworkes and the innermost gates to the Campe they should guard them that night with their owne men and early in the morning march forth All this was done accordingly and the next day Iune 3.13 900 of the Souldiers taking pay vnder the Swedes as they write from Leipsig Iune 13.23 the rest of the Garrison marched from thence according to the order of the first Article leauing behind them besides their Ordnance and Ammunition 10 Ensignes and tooke their way through Poland to goe into Mâ—rania This place thus happily taken in Glogaw besieged the Swedish Bauniore marched directly against the great Glogaw in Silefia there to ioyne his Forces with the Saxon Lieutenant Generall because this was a Towne of strength and had formerly done them much annoyance Here these two Commanders hauing enquartered their Armies one on the East side of the Oder and the other on the West Nothing was omitted by the which was either for their owne defence or offence of the enemie and the besieged shewed as much care in fortifying themselues to the measure of their meanes as courage in opposing their weake forces against such warlike preparations The besiegers planted their Batteries and made their approaches so neere the Citie and so speedily that within lesse then fiue dayes they were so nigh the walls that they might cast stones into the Towne and the beleaguered forcing the Lutheran citizens within to helpe them strengthening the walls with palizadoes to preuent the scaladoe threw many boards into the ditches through which they had driuen many nayles to lame the the feete of the Souldiers if they should attempt to assault them and shot fiercely from the Towne vpon the Campe as though they intended to pay them in their owne coyne fight it out to the last and neuer come to termes of composition But their resolutions altered with the occasion discretion commanded them to yeeld to necessitie which had broke them vtterly if they had not bowed of their owne accord and willingly succours they expected and that at the first incouraged them and foure regiments of Imperiall horse endeauoured to relieue them but sayling of their purpose the spirit of the Garrison drooped Glogaw yeelded to the Saxons and the Citie was giuen vp by composition Iune 7.17 vpon these Tearmes following I. That the Gouernour should march out of the City Castell and Thumb or Cathedrall Church in the Euening about 4 of the clocke and surrender the same to the Saxons II. The Commander should neither himselfe pillage doe any iniurie or violence to the poore Citizens nor permit any of the Souldiers at his departure to doe it A good proposition and well aduised of it sheweth that the Army came not against the City to oppresse it as an enemy but relieue it as a friend III. That if there were any priuate Mines or secret fires hidden in the earth the Commander before his going out should discouer and reueale them IIII. That all the Canons and Ammunition should be left in the City bee deliuered to the Saxon Lieutenant Colonell of the Artillery no Peece should be concealed from him if any were hidden in the earth or any other secret place the Commander should disclose it V That all the prisoners which heretofore had serued in the Saxon Brandenburgish or Swedish Army whether they were taken during the time of the Siege or before should be set at liberty VI. That all the Ensignes and Standards should bee deliuered to the Saxons VII That because it was sufficiently knowne that some Waggons loaden with Baggage and belonging to diuers Regiments which were beaten at Lignitz were brought into that City therefore the Commander should be bound to deliuer them to the Saxon forces VIII That none of the Garrison Souldiers should bee compelled to take pay vnder the Swede Saxon or Brandenburger but that as many as would willingly serue vnder these colours should not bee hindred Lastly that the Commander his Officers and Souldiers should march forth safely with high and low Armes their Drums beating their Bandeliers full of Powder Bullets in the mouth and burning Matches in the Cocke with all their owne Horses and Baggage and whatsoeuer else â—ppertained vnto them properlie and for their better securitie in the way should bee guarded with a sufficient conuoy to Glatz This is the summe of the Articles of agreement and it was an honourable composition on both sides the Euangelicall Generalls did hereby giue a good remonstrance of pietie neither thirsting after blood nor insulting ouer the enemie by propounding any thing which might be preiudiciall to his honour and reputation And the Imperiall Commander gaue a good testimony of his wisdome not being â—bstinate when his estate was desperate and courage in the two last Articles whereby hee kept his owne good name vntainted and the Souldiers credit vnviolated The Imperiall Boot-halers of Lignitz surprised During the time of this siege a troope of 500 Imperialists which came forth of Lignitz had plundered some Villages and little Townes the labours intending to returne with the spoyle to Lignitz these the Colonell Gersdorff Commander of the garrison as Gâ—rlitz surprised with his Regiment slâ—w most of them and recouered the booty againe The Generall Arnheim at Dresden acquaints the Elect. with his good successe And so fortunate haue the Saxons lately bin in Silesia that vpon Iune 11. when the Lieâ—…enant Generâ—ll Arnheim was come in person to Dresiden to acquaint the Elector with his good successe and the Generall major Dâ—…mer the same day had preâ—eâ—…ed to the Prince the Cornetâ— and Ensignes which were gotten in the battell or Lignitz The Elector straight gaue order to haue the some day both in his Chappell at the Court and in the City Church a Sermon of thankesgiuing for the former blessings which GOD had bestowed vpon him Publike prayers thankesgiuing and solemne prayers for continuation of his mercies hereafter A good euidence of a religious gratefull heart commâ—ndable in all sorts of men but especiall in a Prince whose example giues life to his actions A Treaty of Peace at Leuthmaritz May 20.30 in that very time when this Elector was so victorious with his Army in Silesia the King of Hungary sent him a kind Letter whereby hee gaâ—e him to vnderstand that his Imperiall Maiesty his father had giuen him full power and authority to Treate with him of a Peace that hee doubted not of the good issue of the Tâ—eaâ—y the propositions on the Emperours part being so reasonable and the meanes hee had to effect it so likely and
sports he â—…st a serious eye vpon the maine â—yâ—…esse an as if these vsuall exercises at such an extraordinary time had beene but remembâ—…rs of what must bee done in eaâ—…est he leâ—…ed new Fâ—… to strengthen his Army which August 6.12 as they write from Drosden marched to the Army in Bohemia which was afterwards said to bee compleate of 30000 Swedes and Saxons lasty able men trained vp is discipline and desirâ—… to sight His Lieutenant Generall vpon this occasion retired himselfe thither also for the space of 3. or 4. dayes but as one which mooned out of his properelement while he was not in warre in this short space dispatched his businesse at Court and hauing giuen the Bride a chaine worth 8000 Rixdollars as an acknowledgment of gratitude to the Saxon Family returned to the Campe at Melnick This occasion though it thus remooued the persons who had the prime charge in direction did not call aside those who were deputed to the deuout attendance of the Array in religion the Chaplaines appointed to the worship of GOD remained behind them and were still busied in their ministery A strange apparition in the Ayre at Melnick At Melnick was the Randeuouz of the Saxon Army and here in time of prayer Iuly 24 August â— was a strange token in the Ayre which is thus deliuered by Letters bearing date the same day This day about Euening when our Electors Chaplaine was at Prayers there appeared a signe in the Skie liken fiery Beame when hee had finished his course and the Lieutenant â—…enerall Arnheim his Chaplaine did his offices there appeared another in the forme of a Scepter fiery-râ—d iust ouer the house where he made hiâ— Sermon assoâ—…e us Prayers were dâ—…e and the Chaplaine had spoke Amen the signe vanished It was seene of many c. 〈…〉 to from 〈…〉 his 〈…〉 and 〈…〉 oâ— th◠〈…〉 where they 〈◊〉 the 〈…〉 to preach againe and hauing 〈◊〉 things there 〈…〉 are kingdome resoâ—…d enâ—… 〈…〉 in 〈◊〉 with the â—…iall Army there or by 〈◊〉 the chiefe Câ—ses and pâ—…ces of 〈◊〉 to bring the people to obediâ—… Their march begot a generâ—… 〈…〉 throughout the whole â—…gdome of Boheâ—… at 〈◊〉 eâ—…lly from wâ—… the â—eâ—… and all the 〈◊〉 and Tryars â—led except a few 〈◊〉 which abode still in the old Citie At Melnick there had beene lately abridge of Boates 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 for the conuenient passing and repasâ—… of the 〈◊〉 but the 〈◊〉 rising high whether by 〈…〉 〈◊〉 might 〈◊〉 the South pare of the kingdome of Bohâ—… oâ— by the opening of some Sinces as some conjectured the Bridge was broken in pieces and made vselesse and a new one was faine to be made heere 〈◊〉 not without great charge to the Electon both maâ—… and worâ—…en being brought out of Mâ—… 〈◊〉 this worke The Armies are now joyntly marâ—…ing forward 〈◊〉 about 10000 men which were 〈◊〉 towards Zâ—ickaw and 〈…〉 passage and August 6 1â— they came 〈◊〉 the of Lâ—miburg which â—…h vpon the Elue about 〈…〉 from Pragas and sâ—…oned it to 〈…〉 the 〈◊〉 and Gaâ—rison standing too stiffely 〈…〉 to reâ—…is acmy Liâ—…g taken by aâ—…lt it was straightway 〈…〉 〈◊〉 by the Canon a breach made in the walles â—…ed by the Swedes and Saxons who caâ—…ed the place before them and in the heate of fury forgot to shew any mercie In the Citie thâ—… â—ay 〈◊〉 Coâ—… of Iâ—… Dragoâ—…neers and three companies of fooâ—e these â—ouâ—…ers assisted with the Ciâ—…ons and 〈◊〉 of which there were many is the Citie and Women which out of a dâ—sporate madnesse threw burning pitch scalding wâ—…er vpon the Armie made what resistance they were able thinking thereby to saue themselues but their vnaduised actions prouoked the inâ—aders to anger which was not pacifâ—ed but with the death of aboue 2000 persons in that Citie The principall Commander in the midst of the slaughter with 150. Souldiers retired into the Castle and 〈◊〉 called downe to the Euangelicall Commanders â—raued quarter offering to pay a great ransome But the same tongue which then begged basely had formedy rayled against the persons to whom it was now a Petitioner despirefully they stopped their cares against the Petitioner and put him to the Sword also with all those which were with him except some few which obtained quarter Some Imperiall succours were comming to relieâ—… this place but those the Army encountered also slew many tooke the Waggons and carriages and formed the rest to confused flight it was a crueâ— victory but what also can bee expected from an offerded and enragedieâ—… There is a fate in Mortalitie and foolish men by their wâ—rds and workes call upon themselues a swift destruction This Citie is a place of importance it yeelds a free passage to the Armie either for Moraâ—… or Austria and as themselues write they can how at their pleasure cut off all prouision from their enemie and force him to come into the open field After this victory the Cenerall Bannier posted to the Elector at Bresden whither hee arriâ—ed August 12.22 and his Armie marched towards Brâ—…deise where they first got the bridge from the Imperialists and broke it downe then â—…t in pieces 200. â—…abats which were hindred in their flight by reason of the â—…uec and lastly tooke the Citie Ioachims Thal yeelded by composition 〈…〉 is about Iâ—ly â—7 August 〈◊〉 the Saxon Comâ—…es Barsheâ—… wich 5. Companies of Horse and â—00 Masqueâ—ires affaulted the Castle of Ioachims-Thal in which lay one Company of Imperial foote They within desenâ—ed themselues well for the space of 3. houres but then the Saxon being got vnder the palisadoes and secured from the Musquet-shot they came to agreement marched forth with Bagge and Baggage high and low weapons and were conducted by 3. Companies of Horse 〈◊〉 Shleckendmald The Diet at â—reslâ—w The second Sessions of the Prouit crall Diet for Silesia was held about this time at Breslaw and thither his Imperiall Maiestie sent an Agent to aduise the Princes and Poeres that they would continue in his Imperiall protection assuring them that vpon their obedience all things should bee and remaine in their former state and dignitie The answere of the Poeres in vnknowne yet they write from Silesias August 4.14 that they consulted principally how to desend themselues and aide the Consederate Princes in the meane time it is certaine that there was on neither part any cessation of Armes Hirtshberg burned by the Imperialists Hertshberg a faire Towne in Silesia vpon then riuer Bober had afforded much Corne and other prouision vnto the Imperiall Army when it went from that Prouine into the King dome of Bohemia and had obtained a speciall safe-gard from the Field-Marshall Coloredoe vnder his hand and seale yet 2000. Imperialist afterward without respect either of the benefit they had formerly receiued from thence or the condition made by their principall Commander assaulted it about Iuly 19.29 and after a small resistance made by the inhabitants set the
possible besides the batteries with which hee played continually upon the Citie hee prepared then three Mines to blow up the Walls thereof which being hindered of their worke by fortune want of skill in the Miners and the industrie of the besieged for the first was filled up by a violent showre of Raine and so made uselesse the second when it was sprung recoyled backward and slew foure hundred Poles in the Leaguer without endamaging the Citie the last though it wrought it's effect was prevented by the Byelthers who had raysed some other workes within just-against the place where the breach was made and the King after wards assaulting the Citie being repulsed by the valour of the Souldiers who in the fight became Masters of the Colonell Weyers baggage the Waggon appointed for the carriage of the Silver plates and some Standards which they carryed into Byala A Peace concluded betwixt the Pole and Muscovite His Majesty offered conditions of peace to the Russians which they accepted in the Name of the great Duke and are here set downe as followeth First that the Citie and Territory of Smolenskoshouk remaine for ever to the kingdome of Poland 2. The King of Poland should have free libertie to passe with his Armies and repasse at all times through the Dukedome of Muscovi◠into Swedland 3. Because his Majestie the King of Poland doth relinquish the title of the Duke of Mosco the said Duke shall pay unto him two hundred thousand Rubells every of these is about a Marke English and one hundred Zimmer-zobels 4. His Majesty the King of Poland and the great Duke of Muscovia shall aide and assist each other at all times when necessity requireth it Lastly all the souldiours which are willing to serve his Maiestie of Poland shall have freelibertie to bee in pay underhim and fight for him The newes of this Treaty and conclusion was welcome to the neighbour Countries the Townes of trade especially Dantzick in Prussia and Lubeck In Holst gave tokens of joy for the friendly amitie of these two Princes by singing Te Doum Bonfires and discharging their Ordnance But the Duke himselfe was not so well pleased the relinquishing of Smolensko a Citie upon the Boristhenes or Nieper a place of importance and the payment of so much money upon so small a consideration so distasted him that it is said hee beheaded the Field-Marshall for descending and yeelding to such dishonourable conditions The execution of this souldier begot by consequence another mischiefe Hee had a Nephew of a rash fiery spirit who in revenge of his Vncles death hired some lewd fellowes made for nothing but evill to set the Citie of Mosco on fire in divers places which complying with his wicked desire kindled that flame which could not bee extinguished untill the greatest part of that great Citie was burned to ashes An horred fact and it so incensed the great Duke to anger that hee now threatened vengeance upon all the tribe imprisoned the Field-Marshalls sonne Nephew and all the kindred and if our intelligence bee true hath already executed many of them so procreative is mischiefe that it seldome is without issue and though the first Parent be pernitious yet the child is commonly worse This conclusion was farre more gratefull to the King of Poland who besides the benefit of dis-ingagement from this War had now time and it was high time so to doe to look homeward for the securitie of his owne Countrey The Turkish and Poles preparations which was threatened with an invasion of Turkes and Tartars a more populous Army then could be found in Russia and a more formidable Enemie Preparing therefore all possible opposition the King sent the Grand Seignieur an Ambassadour to whom though there was at first a fayre tale told that these forces were not leavied to bee imployed against the Pole but the Persian who had taken Ierusalem from the Grand Seignieur yet in the end it proved a tale indeed for the Turkish Vant-guard by the beginning of Iuly New Stile were come over the Nepper but were hindered of their present purpose by the Pollack Field-Marshall and Cossacks which surprized them before they were aware put two thousand of them to the sword and going further entered the Turkes Dominions pillaging and wasting the Countrey upon hope of present supplies from his Maiestie whereby they might be the better inabled to encounter so potent an adversary This fortune of the poles so inraged the Grand-Seigneur that he presently sent out his whole Army to oppose them 60000. Tartarians and 30000. Wallachians were appointed to invade Polonia whom the Field-Marshall againe encountred but not with like fortune as formerly his Vantguard was then cut off by the Mahometanes and himselfe hardly escaped from being made if not their slave their prisoner This newes put a quicknesse to the dispatch of businesse at home The Dyet at Warshaw A Diet was called before this at Warshaw and the Peeres assembled where the King hastening the businesse propounded only three generall things to this assembly and inioyned them to give a speedy answer 1. Granting of Subsidies for payment of his Maiesties debts which were occasioned by the Muscovian War 2. the managing and preparation for this Turkish Warre both with men and money Lastly a treaty of peace with the Swedes with whom the time of a former Truce was shortly to be expired and these three were as quickly answered Subsidies were granted the managing of the Warre referred to his Meiestie and promise made to furnish him with the sinewes thereof money and Commissioners appointed to Treate with the Crowne of Swedland about setling of peace betwixt these two warlike Kingdomes And by the last Letters From Danzike arrived here the 16. of this Moneth of November 1634. it is assured that that brave King Vladislaus came no sooner with a great Army towards the Swedeners but he made and concluded a Treatie of peace wholly to his owne advantage and honour with the Turke and thereupon caused his Army to march backwards towards Persia there to make as glorious Peace with the Swedes CHAP. 14. The Siege of La Motta in Lorraine THe great preparation made by the Christian King for his own expeditions and help of his friends is mentioned formerly but advise without execution is frivolous Consultations must be produced into Actions the Hand must second the Heart that is the Instrument of Instruments which worketh effectually what else but notionall and concluded in the Fantasie The King upon his first determination was resolved to proceed accordingly and unwilling to omit any occasion having formerly given liberty to the Captaines and Officers of his army to retire themselves upon their owne private occasions Iuly 4 new stile A proclamatiō that al captains should repaire to their severall charges by a publicke proclamation hee gave warning to all the Campe Masters Captaines and Officers of his troupes of Horse and Foot in his Army and Garrisons in Picardie the
quarter of the Vicount Arpajon if some of them might come forthwith security which being granted unto them they were received by the said Vicount who questioning with them concerning their Commission and understanding that they went onely with some complements to the Marshall de la Force answered them that if their businesse was for nothing else they might save that labour and consider by what meanes they might resist the Kings forces but they finding themselves surprised with a necessity of treating demanded an houres respire promising in that time to returne with full power which they did three of the Citie comming forth for that purpose to wit the Sieur de Stinuill sonne to the Governour a Sarjeant Major and one of the principall Gentlemen of the countrey who was to remaine as hostage for those that should go into the City the sieur de Vandecour being commanded to enter at the same time as hostage for them whilest the Deputies made their propositions which for your satisfaction I will procure you but considering the strength of the one part and feeblenesse of the other it is beleeved that they shall be such as it shall please his Majestie to set downe wherefore I speake unto you as of a place alreadie taken for beside the Marquesse de Tonnins the abilitie of whose Regiment regard we either the conduct of officers or coâ—rage of souldiers assure us an easie entrance at that breach There was fire to be put the same day unto a new Mine made in the quarter of Collonell Hebron and the Towne to be assaulted in two places together The Sieur de Manican master of the Campe of Normandy who entred that day in guard having made all things ready for that purpose insomuch that the place is already in the Kings power in one fashion or other which newes the Chevallrie de Roches is gone this evening to carry unto his Majestie from the Marshall for affayres were reduced unto their termes that the Kings Commissioners were appointed to enter the City the 28 of this present The besiegers have lost onely seven men in this last action to wit the Sieur de Vaux one of the Vicount de Turrenne's Gentlemen who was slaine as the assaylants endeavoured to lodge at the foot of the breach hee being first Sergeant of that Regiment the three Souldiers that mounted the top of the ruined Bastion and two others There was 25 hurt amongst whom was the Sieur Madallie one Captaine and Lievetenant of the same Regiment The besieged acknowledge the losse of some brave men that day amongst whom was that great caster of stones that Ecclesiasticke of whom I spake in my last extraordinary named brother Eustall for untill then presenting himselfe upon all occasions in the greatest danger hee had not beene so much as hurt but being then shot through the arme hee was therewith no whit discouraged but retiring for to have it dressed which no sooner was done but hee presently returned unto the breach on the top whereof he stood dreadlesly in sight of the assaylants which were there placed to make good their worke begun at the foot of the said breach The chiefe cause that hath seduced the Garrison unto this extremity they are in was the death of their Governour the Sieur de Isâ—he slaine sixe weekes since by a Cannon that made against the parrapet of the great Bastion a splinter from thence hitting him on the stomacke the Sieur de Vattervill succeeded him a Swisse by nation a man of approved valour but inferiour unto the precedent in reputation amongst the Garrison Now if you â—…y take my Prognostication is not preâ—…câ—y accomplish which promised the taking of La Moâ—… 〈◊〉 beginning of his moneth you may see it readered before the end of the same which is wholly to be attributed unto the good fortune and conduct of the Kings Armies who faciliate their victories beyond expectation and for to teach the enemies of this State that his Majesties is no lesse redoubted in peace than warre seeing the destiny of his Reigne is such that those that refuse the effects of his clemency are not able to escape his force This following Letter translated out of the French doth expresse the manner of the siege of La Morre The cause why the Christian King invaded the Duke of Lorrains territories and the termes upon which this strong place was surrendred The cause why the King besieged La Motta Whereas the Christian King could not longer keepe off the Duke of Lorraine from plotting and practising with the Spaniares against his confederates and allyes and had 〈◊〉 notice and good entrance that he intending to ioyne his forces with those of the Catholicke King would arme his subiects and imploy them against the friends of his Maiestie as also that he meant to keepe the sort of La Morta as a place of safety for he Burgundian Army to retire unto Hereupon his Maiestie caused the place aforesaid which was held impregnable to be besieged by 〈◊〉 Marshall 〈…〉 Force and in fire places to be undersâ—… one of which mines being spring effectually Iuly â—…6 â—… Monsieur de Thoâ—eins assaulting the sort imâ—eâ—…tly thereupon and taking one of the Bastions the Governour d' Iâ—… being formerly slaine with a shot from a great Ordnance this agreement following was offered by 〈…〉 â—…sey and St. Yoâ— Commanders there and accepted Iuly â—… â—… upon which day a Regiment of Normans to 〈◊〉 possession of the place to the use of his Maiestie and the Generall de la Force entered into the town◠〈◊〉 day following The Articles are these The Articles of the surrender 1 That the Governours Captaines and Souldiers which lay there should march out with such furniture as was necessary for souldiers their Drummes beating Matches burning displayed Ensignes and bee safely conveied to Luneville 2. That the moveable goods of the widdow of the deceased Gouernour the Captains and Oâ—… 〈…〉 which they were at that present seized of whiâ—… 〈…〉 give in the particulars upon their faith and 〈…〉 be left unto them peaceably without resâ—… 〈…〉 passed in the time of the siege yet they shâ—… 〈…〉 to any part of their goods which they had 〈◊〉 and were gotten by the army from the beginning of the siege to that day 3. That all the Inbabitants the Clergy men should haue liberty to remaine there and hold their lands quietly or leave to depart at their owne choice without hinderance and in all safety Lastly That the garrison should have 20 waggons a sufficient convoy to cary away their goods Baggage Dated in the Campe before La Motta Iuly â—… 27. Signed Chaumont La Force Steinville Prinsey and St. Yoâ— CHAP. 15. The returne of Monsieur â—…to France Paris 12. of Octob. 1634. SIr by my last I advised you of his Majesties rest â—on for sending his puissant Army into Germany under the conduct of the Marshall de la Force at present I shall give advice more advantagious for
turned their backs to these enemies the same troupes which once were fed with the prey and cloathed with the spoyle of these Adversaries have lately been made a prey to them and Victory which formerly attended the Romane Eagles now waites upon their Standards and hath taken up an Habitation in their Pavillions I need not tell you how since the first comming in of the Swedes we have bin incroacht upon in Silesia wasted in Franconia ruined in Pomerania and other places by the Electors of Saxony and Brandenburg the D. of Saxon Weymar and Otho the Rhinegrave the Dukes of Mecklenburg and the united forces of these Swedish strangers It is too well known to the Christian world I wish it never had been published in Gath or Askelon among the Turks and Mahometan Haggarenes But in these regions my selfe had no particular ingagement I am onely bound to pitty their deplorable condition nor to give account of them Let them answer for it to whose custody they were deputed Westphalia is my particular Province committed to my trust as well by his Sacred Imperiall Maiestie as the Spirituall Lords the Electors and Princes of the catholicke League For the defence of this Countrey I shall willingly hazard mine owne person and imploy my forces not doubting of the best assistance of my Catholicke friends whereof your Highnes is not the least who professing with mee one and the same religion cannot in probability bee diuided from me in affection And now by the file of my discourse you may easily perceive the intent of my coming hither not to befor a formall visitation but the transmission of your army to our Leaguish forces who being much distressed at this present might themselves soone be relieved by the comming in of your auxiliaries and the Bishopricks of Paderhorne and Isnabrug lately lost by us and gained by the Swedes and Hassians peradventure be happily recovered I have said and now expect a quick and effectuall answer without delay or denyall if not in politicall respect of your owne conservation for assure your selfe in this Neutrality whether we stand or fal you cannot bee safe yet in respect of pietie for I know your Highnesse to be no Meroziri and would not be lyable to the curse of the Angell for not going forth to the battell which is for the propagation and defence of our Catholicke Religion This was the speech of the Count Philip to the Duke who after a short pause thus replied The Duke of Newburg answer I am too well acquainted with the sad history of this bleeding countrey where every gash which hath been made by the sword of the enemy cryeth lowder than the mouth of a Lazer by the way begging reliefe 〈◊〉 more moveingly than the tongue of an elegant Orator can persâ—…ade I should long ere this willingly have given my helping hand to extinguish that Flame were not mine owne Dominions in perpetuall danger of combustion But compassion must not râ—…e but be governed with discretion and wisedome first looketh that all be well at home before she engageth her selfe in any forreine adventure What you would perswade me unto by policie and piety experience and reason disswade me from The extremities which a neighbour Prince the Bishop of Wirtzburg lately suffered by conjoyning his forces with the Imperiall when in providence he should have kept them for conservation of his own estate may teach all after ages to stand upon their owne guard and not to weaken themselves to support a Confederate it was not the titular dignitie of the Duke of Franconia nor his defenced Citie fortified with ditches walls and bulwarks nor his supposed impregnable Castle that could secure him against forreine invasion so long as his souldiers continued with him he was free from danger but their absence disarmed him and exposed him to that miserie which straight pursued him eagerly and overtooke him speedily I have resolved from this precedent to ward close and not to lye open when I may prevent it if unexpected mischiefe attend this resolution it is but in doubtfull expectation time friends and meanes may make my peace which I am certaine would be-lost by your advised alteration And yet I would have my policie to serve not overrule my pietie and may they sow wheat and reape bryars which will not go forth to the battell of the Lord with the mightie if it be required by necessitie and may be done with safetie but the first condition of these I hope is not yours the last I am sure is not mine my Countrey is little and not so populous as thence to raise two Armies one to attend you and another to guard it and if I could raise them I have not meanes to keepe them it being no fit season to plant or sow or reape during the time of such warre-like preparation I must conclude I speake it sorrowfully I cannot I speake it positively I will not herein condescend to your desire My good wishes shall go along with you may the starres from Heaven fight for you may the stars fight in their courses against the Enemies of the Romane Church and Empire but mine Army I must and will keepe at home for mine owne conservation The Duke of Luneburgh was all this while before Munster with 8000. horse and 7000. foot which were increased with 5000. Hollanders under the command of Pinsen Colloneâ—l Pinsen ioyned to the Duke of Lunenb at Munster who having first taken his oath of faithfulnesse to the Lants-grave of Hessen was advanced by him to the office of his Lieutenant Generall while his Excellency at Franckefort negotiates himselfe with good successe in the friendly correspondence and agreement of the Circle of the Lower Saxonie and the rest of the Circles at the Diet there The time thus spent was not lost His recesse from the Army was not frivolous it had beene vaine either for himselfe or the other Princes to have fought abroad in the Generall cause if there had beene dissention at home But by his endeavours the Evangelicall States were accorded at Franckeford and an universall hope of prosperous successe in the warre was conceived to follow this union At Munster the Duke of Luneburg rested without doing any thing till the soure dayes the time set downe for the Cities answer to his propositions was expired and then finding that the Articles were not accepted as in all probabilitie they would not the strength which was left of the Leaguish Army being then in and about that place and the Citie flattering it selfe that the States of Holland would take it into their protection as they had vainely desired and knowing the wants of provisions which they within suffered as also the differences betwixt the Clergie and lay-citizens the Clergie being much offended that the remnant of Boninghaush and Geleens forces was to be maintained at their sole charge thought that this Citie would not long hold out and therefore first attempted by batterie to shake it and afterwards by