exploit_n in_o their_o other_o action_n but_o in_o many_o thing_n will_v discover_v that_o they_o be_v taint_v with_o the_o low_a opinion_n and_o error_n of_o vulgar_a soul_n it_o will_v appear_v that_o they_o be_v raise_v not_o by_o their_o virtue_n but_o their_o fortune_n in_o short_a there_o will_v many_o occasion_n happen_v where_o their_o weakness_n will_v betray_v their_o dignity_n it_o be_v admiration_n and_o not_o pity_n that_o the_o grandeur_n of_o king_n call_v for_o nothing_o be_v more_o undecent_a than_o to_o shed_v tear_n upon_o a_o throne_n nothing_o be_v so_o contemptible_a as_o a_o pule_a sovereign_n monarch_n ought_v not_o to_o appear_v intimidate_v crest-fallen_a or_o surprise_v they_o shall_v settle_v their_o mind_n in_o such_o a_o fix_a state_n as_o not_o to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o consolation_n or_o if_o they_o do_v need_v it_o they_o ought_v to_o seek_v for_o it_o as_o one_o once_o say_v in_o the_o bosom_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n when_o a_o prince_n be_v of_o this_o disposition_n he_o render_v his_o life_n true_o easy_a and_o find_v not_o only_o repose_v but_o joy_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o labour_n it_o sweeten_v the_o bitterness_n of_o adventure_n though_o never_o so_o vexatious_a it_o turn_v all_o the_o thorn_n of_o the_o crown_n into_o fragrant_a flower_n i_o think_v it_o my_o duty_n not_o to_o forget_v these_o reflection_n in_o this_o discourse_n although_o it_o be_v design_v particular_o to_o consider_v valour_n in_o reference_n to_o the_o profession_n of_o war_n wherein_o if_o i_o conform_v myself_o to_o our_o modern_a way_n yet_o i_o be_o not_o very_o far_o wander_v from_o the_o maxim_n of_o the_o ancient_a moralist_n in_o short_a those_o who_o have_v handle_v valour_n in_o the_o large_a extent_n yet_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o inform_v we_o that_o military_a courage_n be_v the_o principal_a part_n of_o it_o and_o that_o it_o shine_v bright_a above_o all_o in_o the_o occasion_n of_o war_n where_o the_o most_o apparent_a danger_n reign_v rampant_a and_o which_o be_v big_a with_o thing_n most_o capable_a to_o inspire_v fear_n so_o that_o valour_n above_o all_o relate_v to_o war_n as_o war_n do_v to_o fight_v which_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o function_n of_o that_o discipline_n the_o roman_a soldier_n be_v never_o idle_a they_o undergo_v more_o pain_n than_o the_o most_o laborious_a mechanic_n and_o by_o this_o mean_v they_o arrive_v at_o those_o great_a performance_n the_o memory_n and_o footstep_n whereof_o astonish_v we_o at_o this_o day_n but_o they_o labour_v as_o soldier_n not_o as_o mechanic_n and_o never_o quit_v the_o military_a character_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o corbulon_n be_v so_o severe_a that_o he_o punish_v a_o soldier_n with_o death_n because_o he_o be_v carry_v earth_n without_o have_v his_o sword_n on_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o obligation_n of_o fight_v never_o cease_v until_o the_o military_a oath_n be_v altogether_o break_v whereas_o before_o they_o may_v have_v be_v discharge_v from_o other_o obligation_n to_o understand_v this_o well_o we_o must_v remember_v that_o the_o roman_n have_v two_o sort_n of_o conge_n or_o dismission_n from_o the_o war_n one_o which_o they_o call_v missio_fw-la and_o that_o permit_v the_o soldier_n total_o to_o quit_v the_o war_n and_o to_o return_v to_o their_o own_o home_n the_o other_o they_o call_v exauctoratio_n which_o dispense_v with_o the_o soldier_n from_o their_o military_a employment_n but_o still_o they_o be_v oblige_v not_o to_o be_v far_o distant_a from_o the_o army_n those_o who_o have_v this_o sort_n of_o licence_n live_v out_o of_o the_o precinct_n of_o the_o camp_n they_o live_v after_o what_o manner_n they_o please_v so_o long_o as_o they_o have_v nothing_o actual_o to_o do_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o when_o occasion_n present_v itself_o they_o join_v with_o the_o other_o roman_a soldier_n who_o lodge_v in_o the_o camp_n and_o all_o engage_v together_o in_o the_o battle_n chap._n xxvi_o the_o pleasure_n of_o prince_n be_v military_a pleasure_n it_o be_v from_o this_o relation_n that_o valour_n have_v to_o war_n and_o war_n to_o battle_n that_o the_o noble_a game_n have_v in_o all_o time_n be_v the_o representation_n of_o that_o profession_n and_o of_o this_o virtue_n there_o be_v never_o any_o thing_n so_o celebrate_v in_o the_o world_n as_o the_o olympian_a game_n there_o use_v to_o be_v a_o general_a concourse_n of_o all_o greece_n and_o he_o who_o win_v the_o prize_n not_o only_o make_v his_o entrance_n as_o it_o be_v in_o triumph_n into_o the_o town_n where_o he_o be_v bear_v but_o he_o have_v this_o far_a honour_n do_v he_o that_o the_o year_n of_o his_o victory_n bear_v his_o name_n for_o the_o annal_n be_v direct_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o year_n wherein_o such_o a_o one_o be_v victor_n in_o the_o olympic_a game_n it_o happen_v that_o we_o can_v doubt_v but_o that_o the_o representation_n of_o valour_n and_o war_n be_v very_o lively_a in_o the_o solemnity_n of_o these_o game_n it_o be_v for_o this_o reason_n that_o after_o they_o be_v end_v there_o appear_v a_o war-horse_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o course_n one_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v observe_v that_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o exercise_n of_o wrestle_a always_o go_v before_o that_o of_o run_v because_o wrestle_a represent_v the_o hot_a engagement_n of_o the_o fight_n as_o the_o race_n represent_v the_o pursuit_n the_o roman_n that_o their_o spectacula_fw-la might_n the_o better_o resemble_v war_n will_v have_v they_o all_o to_o be_v dangerous_a and_o bloody_a not_o only_o in_o the_o private_a combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n but_o also_o in_o those_o they_o call_v the_o naumachy_n which_o be_v the_o representation_n of_o sea-fights_a the_o most_o famous_a of_o all_o be_v that_o which_o be_v give_v they_o by_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n they_o fill_v a_o immense_a space_n with_o water_n which_o represent_v the_o sea_n and_o cause_v a_o hundred_o ship_n to_o be_v float_v thereon_o which_o be_v man_v with_o twenty_o thousand_o malefactor_n or_o as_o one_o may_v say_v slave_n of_o torment_n this_o multitude_n thus_o condemn_v to_o kill_v one_o another_o may_v have_v be_v capable_a of_o act_v strange_a thing_n have_v they_o once_o turn_v their_o despair_n against_o the_o spectator_n but_o to_o prevent_v such_o a_o attempt_n this_o artificial_a lake_n be_v hem_v in_o with_o another_o army_n and_o over_o those_o troop_n range_v in_o battalion_n sit_v the_o emperor_n and_o his_o courtier_n in_o the_o high_a place_n of_o the_o amphitheatre_n then_o the_o signal_n be_v give_v and_o these_o hundred_o ship_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o fleet_n come_v to_o grapple_v and_o enter_v into_o a_o stiff_a and_o bloody_a engagement_n we_o must_v confess_v these_o sight_n be_v very_o inhuman_a the_o life_n of_o man_n be_v too_o precious_a to_o be_v sport_v away_o and_o to_o be_v sacrifice_v to_o a_o diversion_n prince_n have_v wise_o renounce_v these_o sort_n of_o pleasure_n and_o those_o which_o they_o have_v retain_v be_v pure_o military_a hunt_v be_v a_o kind_n of_o war_n the_o carousel_n tilt_n and_o tournament_n be_v the_o image_n of_o combat_n the_o show_v in_o the_o theatre_n have_v something_o of_o this_o and_o common_o act_v some_o hero_n who_o have_v be_v famous_a for_o valour_n beside_o in_o the_o most_o profound_a peace_n the_o prince_n appear_v in_o the_o equipage_n of_o war_n he_o be_v surround_v with_o his_o troop_n of_o guard_n those_o with_o who_o he_o frequent_o converse_v be_v the_o officer_n which_o command_v they_o they_o exercise_v their_o soldier_n before_o his_o face_n they_o every_o day_n demand_v the_o word_n of_o he_o they_o daily_o render_v he_o a_o account_n of_o their_o function_n and_o entertain_v he_o with_o nothing_o so_o much_o as_o what_o relate_v to_o their_o own_o profession_n when_o he_o make_v a_o journey_n it_o be_v rather_o the_o march_n of_o a_o army_n than_o a_o progress_n the_o order_n they_o then_o observe_v be_v not_o much_o different_a from_o the_o military_a discipline_n the_o entry_n which_o he_o make_v into_o the_o town_n be_v like_a to_o the_o intradoe_n of_o a_o conqueror_n they_o salute_v he_o by_o the_o mouth_n of_o their_o canon_n and_o whole_a volley_n compliment_v his_o welcome_n they_o erect_v triumphal_a arch_n for_o he_o and_o strew_v his_o way_n with_o palm_n and_o laurel_n thus_o the_o fortune_n of_o a_o prince_n continual_o advertise_v he_o that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v valiant_a insomuch_o that_o if_o he_o fail_v in_o this_o virtue_n he_o can_v take_v no_o pleasure_n in_o any_o thing_n about_o he_o and_o so_o not_o take_v any_o pleasure_n he_o must_v needs_o be_v miserable_a chap._n xxvii_o every_o virtue_n have_v a_o pleasure_n which_o be_v proper_a to_o it_o but_o this_o of_o valour_n be_v the_o most_o sensible_a of_o all_o but_o if_o he_o delight_v in_o the_o
to_o they_o as_o nature_n they_o will_v have_v leave_v nothing_o for_o their_o successor_n to_o do_v now_o but_o may_v have_v make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o universe_n the_o misfortune_n of_o king_n john_n oblige_v charles_n his_o son_n not_o to_o hazard_v a_o second_o disgrace_n but_o that_o prince_n who_o in_o this_o than_o show_v his_o prudence_n have_v before_o give_v proof_n of_o his_o courage_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o who_o towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o his_o day_n have_v abandon_v his_o soul_n to_o the_o melancholy_a terror_n and_o apprehension_n of_o death_n never_o give_v testimony_n of_o such_o terrify_a fear_n in_o all_o his_o war_n and_o one_o may_v have_v see_v he_o give_v personal_a proof_n of_o his_o valour_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o montlheri_n henry_n the_o three_o have_v win_v three_o victory_n before_o he_o be_v king_n which_o give_v we_o to_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v his_o slothfulness_n and_o not_o his_o cowardice_n which_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o his_o unhappy_a reign_n he_o fear_v not_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n but_o he_o dread_v the_o labour_n of_o it_o he_o have_v be_v well_o satisfy_v to_o have_v fight_v every_o year_n a_o battle_n provide_v that_o after_o the_o fight_n be_v over_o he_o may_v have_v be_v permit_v to_o spend_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o year_n in_o idleness_n these_o be_v they_o who_o calumny_n may_v take_v occasion_n to_o asperse_v and_o yet_o they_o be_v free_a from_o this_o fault_n of_o cowardice_n the_o rest_n claim_v our_o eulogy_n rather_o than_o need_v our_o apology_n prosperity_n sometime_o fail_v they_o in_o the_o event_n and_o prudence_n be_v sometime_o want_v in_o the_o enterprise_n but_o their_o courage_n never_o fail_v neither_o in_o the_o enterprise_n nor_o in_o the_o event_n there_o be_v no_o adventure_n happen_v to_o they_o wherein_o their_o valour_n be_v not_o show_v forth_o king_n be_v not_o make_v prisoner_n of_o war_n so_o long_o as_o they_o remain_v in_o their_o palace_n but_o if_o any_o of_o they_o in_o command_v their_o army_n do_v fall_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o enemy_n who_o manage_v the_o war_n by_o their_o lieutenant_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n they_o be_v vanquish_v they_o have_v appear_v more_o courageous_a than_o their_o conqueror_n such_o have_v be_v the_o prince_n from_o who_o some_o be_v descend_v who_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o blush_v for_o their_o ancestor_n nor_o themselves_o in_o read_v their_o history_n they_o be_v find_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n when_o seat_v on_o their_o throne_n and_o that_o they_o be_v altogether_o worthy_a of_o proceed_v their_o successor_n who_o have_v since_o have_v better_a fortune_n who_o destiny_n may_v raise_v in_o we_o a_o compassion_n for_o they_o but_o will_v never_o cause_v we_o to_o be_v ashamed_a of_o they_o chap._n xix_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n be_v soon_o expire_v as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o grecian_n and_o the_o reason_n thereof_o and_o as_o some_o king_n have_v be_v always_o valiant_a so_o have_v their_o subject_n never_o base_o degenerate_v from_o the_o principle_n of_o courage_n so_o that_o we_o need_v not_o wonder_n that_o monarchy_n have_v preserve_v itself_o during_o the_o course_n of_o so_o many_o age_n and_o that_o she_o promise_v herself_o a_o duration_n equal_a to_o that_o of_o the_o universe_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o empire_n of_o the_o ancient_a persian_n do_v not_o long_o subsist_v because_o cyrus_n have_v those_o for_o his_o successor_n which_o be_v not_o worthy_a of_o he_o they_o have_v more_o of_o vanity_n than_o valour_n they_o move_v indeed_o with_o innumerable_a army_n they_o pour_v forth_o soldier_n by_o the_o million_o and_o with_o a_o ridiculous_a arrogance_n vaunt_a that_o they_o will_v shovel_n mountain_n into_o the_o sea_n and_o lay_v fetter_n upon_o the_o ocean_n and_o yet_o after_o all_o these_o dreadful_a crack_n they_o be_v beat_v sink_v and_o chase_v by_o the_o little_a republic_n of_o greece_n however_o we_o may_v say_v that_o darius_n in_o who_o this_o empire_n expire_v be_v not_o defective_a in_o courage_n but_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o as_o his_o enemy_n see_v that_o though_o he_o be_v far_o strong_a than_o he_o yet_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v surmount_v by_o he_o when_o his_o famous_a conqueror_n be_v dead_a without_o child_n the_o principal_a of_o his_o captain_n become_v king_n one_o have_v macedonia_n for_o his_o part_n another_o syria_n a_o three_o egypt_n but_o all_o these_o blaze_a sovereignty_n not_o fall_v into_o hand_n strong_a enough_o to_o sustain_v they_o be_v soon_o extinguish_v perseus_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o macedonian_n be_v but_o the_o seven_o in_o succession_n from_o antigonus_n the_o seleucides_n which_o have_v syria_n continue_v no_o long_a time_n and_o the_o ptolemey_n who_o kingdom_n be_v the_o last_o which_o be_v reduce_v to_o a_o province_n hold_v not_o egypt_n above_o two_o age_n their_o misfortune_n come_v from_o a_o defect_n of_o valour_n perseus_n of_o who_o we_o have_v be_v speak_v instead_o of_o show_v the_o courage_n of_o a_o king_n after_o his_o defeat_n carry_v himself_o with_o so_o much_o baseness_n that_o the_o general_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v ashamed_a of_o he_o when_o he_o come_v from_o the_o battle_n apprehend_v that_o it_o will_v not_o be_v any_o glory_n for_o he_o to_o conquer_v such_o a_o man._n and_o when_o he_o see_v he_o prostrate_v himself_o unworthy_o at_o his_o foot_n ah_o say_v he_o do_v not_o dishonour_v my_o victory_n and_o yet_o this_o carriage_n be_v less_o to_o be_v blame_v if_o possible_a than_o that_o of_o antiochus_n of_o the_o race_n of_o the_o seleucides_n to_o who_o the_o roman_n send_v popilius_n to_o command_v he_o to_o depart_v out_o of_o a_o country_n whereinto_o he_o have_v enter_v with_o his_o main_a army_n so_o soon_o as_o he_o see_v the_o ambassador_n afar_o off_o go_v over_o his_o camp_n he_o humble_o salute_v he_o the_o ambassador_n with_o a_o fierceness_n not_o to_o be_v endure_v come_v up_o to_o he_o without_o return_v he_o any_o salute_v and_o deliver_v he_o a_o letter_n from_o the_o senate_n antiochus_n after_o he_o have_v read_v it_o tell_v he_o he_o will_v deliberate_v upon_o whas_fw-ge be_v to_o be_v do_v popilius_z present_o make_v a_o circle_n about_o this_o prince_n with_o a_o wand_n that_o he_o then_o have_v in_o his_o hand_n say_v to_o he_o deliberate_a if_o you_o will_v but_o before_o you_o go_v out_o of_o this_o circle_n i_o expect_v your_o answer_n here_o you_o may_v behold_v a_o perfect_a coward_n a_o king_n who_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o his_o army_n have_v receive_v such_o unworthy_a carriage_n from_o a_o envoy_n instead_o of_o be_v inspire_v with_o a_o just_a indignation_n consult_v only_o his_o own_o fear_n and_o answer_v he_o will_v do_v what_o the_o roman_n shall_v desire_v of_o he_o as_o for_o ptolemy_n can_v any_o one_o be_v guilty_a of_o a_o more_o sordid_a and_o treacherous_a action_n than_o he_o when_o he_o sacrifice_v the_o great_a infortunate_a to_o his_o infamous_a politic_n and_o the_o better_a to_o make_v his_o court_n to_o caesar_n make_v he_o a_o present_a of_o the_o head_n of_o pompey_n all_o these_o prince_n so_o little_a worthy_a of_o their_o sovereignty_n do_v but_o possess_v part_n of_o the_o conquest_n of_o alexander_n what_o become_v of_o persia_n after_o the_o death_n of_o this_o great_a monarch_n there_o be_v but_o two_o division_n make_v of_o those_o great_a conquest_n one_o by_o perdiccas_n and_o the_o other_o by_o antipater_n it_o be_v in_o the_o second_o division_n that_o babylon_n fall_v to_o seleucus_n he_o afterward_o gain_v the_o army_n of_o nicanor_n governor_n of_o media_n and_o be_v also_o assure_v of_o persia_n it_o be_v the_o best_a division_n see_v that_o his_o empire_n extend_v itself_o from_o the_o egean_a sea_n even_o to_o the_o indies_n but_o at_o last_o all_o these_o successor_n of_o alexander_n and_o their_o descendant_n not_o know_v how_o to_o agree_v among_o themselves_o nor_o how_o to_o conquer_v one_o another_o it_o happen_v that_o during_o their_o dissension_n a_o valiant_a parthian_a name_v arsaces_n mount_v the_o throne_n and_o become_v the_o founder_n of_o one_o of_o the_o most_o puissant_a and_o illustrious_a family_n that_o history_n present_v to_o our_o remembrance_n this_o noble_a family_n be_v not_o eclipse_v as_o other_o be_v with_o the_o ray_n of_o the_o roman_a splendour_n she_o give_v king_n to_o the_o eastern_a nation_n and_o invest_v herself_o during_o so_o many_o age_n with_o sovereign_a power_n be_v never_o the_o subject_a but_o always_o the_o rival_n of_o that_o ambitious_a republic_n these_o be_v the_o prince_n call_v the_o arsacide_n from_o the_o name_n of_o their_o illustrious_a founder_n who_o create_v so_o much_o trouble_v to_o the_o roman_n and_o abate_v their_o pride_n by_o the_o
to_o remark_n in_o this_o discourse_n that_o we_o be_v to_o suppose_v some_o proportion_n between_o the_o force_n in_o moral_a discourse_n these_o sort_n of_o supposition_n must_v always_o be_v grant_v and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o express_o contain_v yet_o they_o be_v to_o be_v supply_v by_o a_o equitable_a construction_n in_o effect_n we_o know_v very_o well_o that_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v cut_v in_o piece_n by_o the_o persian_n at_o the_o straits_n of_o thermopylae_n but_o what_o can_v three_o hundred_o soldier_n do_v against_o a_o army_n of_o more_o than_o ten_o hundred_o thousand_o they_o do_v all_o that_o man_n can_v do_v they_o sell_v their_o life_n at_o a_o dear_a rate_n slay_v a_o vast_a number_n of_o persian_n and_o put_v their_o main_a body_n into_o disorder_n insomuch_o that_o the_o king_n of_o sparta_n push_v on_o to_o the_o very_a tent_n of_o xerxes_n but_o they_o foresee_v well_o enough_o that_o they_o shall_v be_v overpowred_n by_o a_o multitude_n and_o they_o may_v have_v say_v then_o what_o some_o have_v make_v they_o say_v since_o diutius_fw-la possunt_fw-la perire_fw-la quam_fw-la nos_fw-la vincere_fw-la we_o suppose_v then_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v among_o the_o force_n either_o if_o not_o a_o entire_a equality_n yet_o at_o least_o some_o proportion_n if_o we_o rest_v upon_o this_o foundation_n the_o reflection_n that_o we_o have_v make_v will_v be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v true_a and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o be_v humane_o impossible_a that_o courageous_a people_n shall_v be_v surmount_v by_o other_o and_o that_o valour_n shall_v not_o render_v herself_o mistress_n of_o the_o world_n chap._n xxii_o a_o prince_n may_v be_v consider_v in_o reference_n to_o five_o sort_n of_o person_n and_o to_o maintain_v himself_o in_o all_o these_o different_a respect_n he_o have_v need_n of_o valour_n but_o we_o must_v dwell_v a_o little_a long_o upon_o these_o consideration_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o more_o agreeable_a to_o a_o valiant_a prince_n see_v that_o we_o be_v natural_o please_v to_o apply_v inclination_n to_o duty_n and_o to_o do_v that_o by_o the_o free_a and_o ingenuous_a motion_n of_o our_o soul_n out_o of_o choice_n which_o we_o be_v oblige_v to_o do_v out_o of_o necessity_n a_o king_n may_v then_o be_v consider_v in_o reference_n to_o five_o sort_n of_o person_n of_o soldier_n of_o subject_n of_o ally_n of_o enemy_n and_o of_o those_o which_o be_v pure_o stranger_n without_o any_o of_o those_o other_o respect_n when_o he_o render_v himself_o illustrious_a by_o true_a valour_n he_o inspire_v into_o his_o soldier_n courage_n into_o his_o subject_n affection_n into_o his_o ally_n confidence_n into_o his_o enemy_n fear_v and_o into_o all_o other_o esteem_n and_o respect_n the_o roman_a dictator_n never_o fight_v but_o with_o the_o infantry_n to_o let_v they_o understand_v that_o danger_n be_v equal_a to_o he_o with_o his_o troop_n and_o renounce_v all_o possibility_n of_o a_o retreat_n he_o do_v not_o divide_v his_o thought_n between_o conquer_a and_o flee_v but_o between_o victory_n or_o death_n a_o grecian_a captain_n lead_v his_o soldier_n through_o a_o very_a difficult_a pass_n zenophon_n where_o they_o be_v to_o climb_v a_o steep_a hill_n which_o he_o have_v already_o gain_v march_v at_o the_o head_n of_o they_o he_o exhort_v they_o not_o to_o be_v disheartened_a at_o the_o difficulty_n but_o to_o do_v their_o best_a endeavour_n to_o follow_v he_o he_o that_o be_v the_o foremost_a of_o they_o answer_v he_o you_o speak_v free_o sir_n and_o to_o your_o own_o sense_n you_o be_v on_o horseback_n i_o be_o on_o foot_n and_o beside_o i_o carry_v a_o very_a heavy_a buckler_n the_o captain_n hear_v this_o a_o light_n immediate_o from_o his_o horse_n give_v the_o soldier_n his_o hand_n and_o carry_v his_o buckler_n for_o he_o this_o soon_o wrought_v a_o wonderful_a emulation_n among_o the_o rest_n who_o when_o they_o be_v get_v to_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n reproach_v the_o soldier_n for_o his_o insolence_n and_o conjure_v their_o officer_n to_o give_v he_o back_o his_o buckler_n and_o to_o mount_v his_o horse_n this_o captain_n be_v not_o a_o prince_n i_o leave_v you_o to_o consider_v how_o passionate_o the_o soldier_n have_v be_v affect_v if_o a_o sovereign_n have_v do_v such_o a_o action_n when_o a_o soldier_n see_v that_o his_o prince_n expose_v his_o royal_a person_n this_o sight_n can_v but_o strange_o animate_v he_o and_o force_v from_o he_o such_o reflection_n as_o these_o behold_v a_o prince_n who_o have_v a_o crown_n to_o lose_v and_o yet_o hazard_v his_o life_n why_o shall_v i_o then_o who_o be_o but_o a_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n and_o who_o have_v no_o estate_n but_o my_o sword_n why_o i_o say_v shall_v i_o study_v to_o save_v my_o inconsiderable_a self_n after_o so_o great_a a_o example_n as_o for_o his_o other_o subject_n who_o be_v not_o engage_v in_o military_a service_n they_o have_v also_o sensible_a consideration_n which_o extreme_o touch_v they_o they_o consider_v they_o be_v at_o ease_n and_o security_n in_o their_o own_o house_n during_o the_o time_n that_o their_o prince_n to_o maintain_v they_o in_o their_o tranquillity_n undergo_v a_o thousand_o fatigue_n and_o be_v confront_v by_o a_o thousand_o danger_n they_o think_v with_o themselves_o that_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v but_o that_o he_o may_v stay_v at_o home_n in_o his_o palace_n and_o enjoy_v his_o royal_a repose_n but_o yet_o he_o will_v command_v his_o army_n himself_o and_o will_v not_o be_v divert_v from_o this_o design_n neither_o for_o the_o hazard_n he_o must_v run_v nor_o for_o the_o pain_n he_o must_v endure_v it_o be_v impossible_a but_o that_o such_o consideration_n which_o be_v inspire_v even_o by_o common_a sense_n shall_v be_v present_v to_o their_o mind_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o bottom_n of_o their_o soul_n and_o fill_v they_o full_a with_o love_n zeal_n and_o gratitude_n for_o the_o person_n of_o their_o sovereign_n who_o do_v not_o present_o see_v the_o effect_n which_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o prince_n will_v produce_v in_o the_o spirit_n of_o his_o ally_n by_o their_o confide_n in_o he_o and_o in_o those_o of_o his_o enemy_n by_o their_o fear_n the_o principle_n we_o have_v settle_v upon_o the_o difference_n between_o policy_n and_o morality_n oblige_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o alliance_n between_o state_n be_v rather_o found_v upon_o interest_n than_o any_o private_a friendship_n they_o never_o seek_v for_o alliance_n but_o with_o those_o who_o be_v capable_a to_o serve_v or_o to_o hurt_v they_o the_o ancient_a persian_n know_v well_o how_o to_o make_v use_n of_o this_o distinction_n when_o a_o ambassador_n be_v send_v to_o they_o from_o the_o lacedaemonian_n they_o entertain_v he_o with_o another_o manner_n of_o reception_n than_o the_o envoy_n which_o come_v from_o the_o other_o republic_n of_o greece_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o those_o wonderful_a effect_n which_o the_o reputation_n of_o valiant_a prince_n have_v produce_v and_o whereof_o history_n have_v furnish_v we_o with_o such_o a_o multitude_n of_o example_n it_o have_v happen_v a_o thousand_o time_n that_o their_o very_a name_n only_o have_v cause_v fort_n to_o be_v speedy_o surrender_v which_o be_v able_a to_o have_v maintain_v a_o long_a siege_n and_o have_v put_v to_o flight_v those_o army_n which_o have_v force_n sufficient_a to_o have_v overcome_v the_o pursuer_n as_o to_o those_o who_o be_v neither_o soldier_n nor_o subject_n neither_o ally_n nor_o enemy_n to_o a_o valiant_a prince_n they_o entertain_v the_o noise_n of_o his_o renown_n and_o the_o news_n of_o his_o exploit_n with_o admiration_n they_o have_v no_o thought_n to_o engage_v in_o any_o war_n against_o he_o but_o rather_o to_o seek_v the_o aid_n of_o his_o protection_n they_o be_v afraid_a of_o become_v his_o enemy_n and_o covet_v nothing_o more_o than_o to_o be_v his_o ally_n nay_o they_o even_o wish_v sometime_o to_o be_v his_o soldier_n or_o his_o subject_n that_o they_o may_v participate_v of_o his_o glory_n they_o offer_v up_o a_o thousand_o vow_n to_o heaven_n for_o such_o a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o and_o when_o they_o can_v obtain_v one_o like_o he_o they_o be_v so_o far_o transport_v as_o to_o wish_v that_o he_o be_v their_o master_n chap._n xxiii_o if_o a_o prince_n when_o he_o be_v engage_v in_o a_o war_n be_v bind_v to_o do_v it_o in_o person_n it_o be_v little_a to_o the_o purpose_n to_o say_v that_o the_o king_n may_v wage_v war_n by_o his_o lieutenant_n for_o beside_o that_o no_o person_n can_v ever_o be_v so_o well_o assure_v of_o the_o fidelity_n that_o other_o have_v for_o he_o as_o he_o be_v assure_v of_o the_o fidelity_n that_o he_o have_v for_o himself_o the_o prince_n be_v the_o soul_n of_o the_o army_n his_o presence_n be_v that_o plastic_a power_n which_o inspire_v life_n activity_n
himself_o in_o the_o war_n by_o action_n of_o the_o utmost_a bravery_n yet_o his_o reputation_n be_v not_o so_o clear_a as_o that_o of_o the_o famous_a theban_a who_o be_v so_o illustrious_a for_o his_o virtue_n that_o those_o that_o know_v best_o how_o to_o judge_v of_o his_o merit_n do_v unanimous_o agree_v to_o place_v he_o in_o the_o first_o rank_n of_o hero_n not_o only_o of_o his_o city_n but_o of_o his_o nation_n and_o to_o regard_v he_o as_o the_o great_a man_n that_o ever_o greece_n bring_v forth_o chap._n ii_o the_o ancient_a roman_n make_v a_o difference_n between_o two_o of_o their_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n in_o consider_v one_o as_o a_o just_a prince_n and_o the_o other_o as_o a_o man_n without_o faith_n the_o reflection_n we_o have_v make_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o difference_n which_o the_o ancient_a roman_n put_v between_o two_o the_o most_o formidable_a enemy_n they_o ever_o have_v pyrrhus_n and_o hannibal_n they_o consider_v the_o first_o as_o a_o prince_n who_o have_v faith_n and_o equity_n and_o who_o they_o never_o mention_v but_o with_o esteem_n they_o consider_v the_o second_o as_o a_o captain_n cruel_a and_o perfidious_a and_o they_o never_o speak_v of_o he_o but_o with_o despite_n and_o execration_n we_o may_v observe_v the_o same_o difference_n among_o the_o conquest_n which_o the_o roman_n make_v the_o most_o intelligent_a of_o they_o if_o they_o do_v advise_v the_o destruction_n of_o carthage_n yet_o will_v not_o approve_v of_o that_o of_o corinth_n and_o although_o the_o advantageous_a situation_n of_o these_o two_o place_n be_v equal_o capable_a to_o eclipse_v the_o glory_n of_o their_o city_n and_o to_o draw_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o empire_n either_o into_o greece_n or_o africa_n yet_o they_o esteem_v the_o surname_n of_o achaicus_n be_v not_o so_o glorious_a to_o mummius_n as_o the_o surname_n of_o africanus_n be_v to_o scipio_n and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v just_a to_o demolish_v carthage_n and_o to_o punish_v she_o for_o the_o mischief_n she_o have_v do_v in_o italy_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o just_a to_o inflict_v the_o same_o penalty_n upon_o corinth_n from_o who_o they_o never_o receive_v any_o considerable_a injury_n chap._n iii_o just_a war_n must_v be_v just_o manage_v what_o sort_n of_o war_n be_v just_a and_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o make_v a_o war_n just_o valour_n be_v blame-worthy_a when_o it_o fight_v against_o justice_n duella_fw-la justa_fw-la justè_fw-la gerunto_o just_a war_n must_v be_v just_o manage_v all_o be_v comprise_v in_o these_o two_o word_n war_n be_v just_a when_o they_o be_v make_v for_o the_o reparation_n of_o injury_n receive_v or_o for_o the_o preservation_n of_o our_o lawful_a right_n to_o which_o we_o may_v add_v or_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o our_o ally_n they_o be_v make_v just_o when_o faith_n be_v keep_v in_o the_o management_n and_o peace_n be_v propound_v for_o the_o end_n pacem_fw-la habere_fw-la debet_fw-la voluntas_fw-la bellum_fw-la necessitas_fw-la say_v st._n augustine_n it_o will_v indeed_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n if_o one_o shall_v imagine_v that_o we_o be_v permit_v to_o make_v war_n for_o war_n sake_n to_o exercise_v violence_n and_o cruelty_n and_o to_o revel_v in_o blood_n and_o slaughter_n peace_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o be_v absolute_o good_a war_n be_v not_o so_o but_o upon_o certain_a condition_n war_n i_o say_v ought_v to_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o remedy_n which_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o but_o in_o case_n of_o the_o last_o extremity_n and_o which_o tend_v to_o the_o preservation_n or_o as_o we_o may_v say_v the_o health_n of_o the_o body_n politic_a it_o may_v be_v compare_v to_o the_o violent_a operation_n of_o chirurgery_n which_o make_v application_n of_o knife_n and_o fire_n to_o the_o body_n of_o man_n but_o they_o be_v not_o design_v to_o torment_v he_o but_o to_o cure_v he_o far_o faith_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v we_o know_v not_o how_o to_o excuse_v the_o perfidiousness_n of_o hannibal_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o thrasimene_n after_o have_v win_v a_o victory_n over_o the_o roman_n who_o general_n be_v slay_v upon_o the_o place_n he_o perceive_v a_o body_n of_o the_o infantry_n of_o six_o thousand_o man_n who_o have_v gain_v a_o advantageous_a fort_n and_o that_o it_o be_v difficult_a to_o force_v they_o he_o send_v to_o they_o to_o surrender_v and_o indeed_o they_o do_v surrender_v upon_o term_n but_o instead_o of_o perform_v what_o he_o have_v promise_v they_o have_v no_o soon_o lay_v down_o their_o arm_n but_o he_o put_v they_o all_o to_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o sword_n the_o stratagem_n which_o he_o make_v use_v of_o in_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n be_v not_o altogether_o so_o unjust_a yet_o i_o have_v hear_v he_o condemn_v for_o it_o by_o some_o person_n who_o without_o doubt_n will_v be_v think_v too_o nice_a and_o scrupulous_a by_o man_n of_o the_o sword_n he_o send_v five_o hundred_o numidian_a horse_n who_o present_v themselves_o to_o the_o consul_n marcus_n terentius_n varro_n as_o be_v willing_a to_o desert_n and_o come_v over_o to_o he_o the_o consul_n put_v they_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n but_o afterward_o when_o they_o come_v to_o engage_v and_o the_o battle_n grow_v hot_a the_o numidian_n make_v it_o appear_v that_o their_o desertion_n be_v but_o feign_v for_o turn_v their_o arm_n against_o the_o roman_n they_o promote_v the_o great_a slaughter_n in_o one_o of_o the_o bloody_a battle_n that_o ever_o be_v fight_v when_o prince_n do_v not_o wage_v just_a war_n or_o manage_v they_o just_o it_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o they_o to_o have_v advantage_n and_o success_n in_o military_a undertake_n they_o be_v miserable_a still_o for_o vice_n be_v the_o great_a of_o all_o misfortune_n and_o a_o unjust_a victory_n have_v with_o reason_n be_v call_v a_o illustrious_a crime_n occisarum_fw-la gentium_fw-la gloriosum_fw-la scelus_fw-la sen._n chap._n iu._n valour_n without_o justice_n be_v not_o a_o virtue_n no_o more_o than_o prudence_n valour_n be_v then_o rather_o worthy_a of_o blame_v than_o praise_n when_o she_o be_v not_o accompany_v with_o justice_n she_o than_o lose_v her_o merit_n and_o her_o loveliness_n she_o degenerate_v from_o the_o nobleness_n of_o her_o original_a and_o sour_n into_o a_o vice_n or_o at_o least_o cease_v to_o be_v a_o virtue_n so_o it_o be_v of_o prudence_n when_o she_o become_v unjust_a when_o she_o do_v not_o keep_v up_o to_o her_o proper_a end_n instead_o of_o carry_v out_o the_o spirit_n of_o a_o man_n to_o the_o performance_n of_o dexterous_a and_o commendable_a action_n she_o conduct_n or_o rather_o bewilder_n he_o by_o the_o shift_n and_o wind_n of_o cunning_a imposture_n and_o infidelity_n for_o we_o can_v give_v it_o more_o honourable_a name_n we_o do_v not_o call_v those_o virtuous_a or_o prudent_a who_o be_v possess_v of_o these_o sort_n of_o endowment_n all_o their_o florid_n part_v beget_v get_v not_o any_o esteem_n amity_n or_o confidence_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o engender_v fear_n contempt_n and_o aversion_n and_o we_o be_v so_o far_o from_o choose_v such_o to_o be_v our_o guide_n that_o we_o stand_v upon_o our_o guard_n against_o their_o advice_n and_o consider_v they_o as_o dangerous_a shelf_n and_o snare_n valour_n be_v no_o less_o strange_o change_v when_o she_o be_v ally_v to_o injustice_n she_o forfeit_v all_o her_o reputation_n by_o such_o contagious_a company_n and_o instead_o of_o attract_v man_n vow_n and_o acclamation_n she_o extort_v their_o reproach_n and_o imprecation_n we_o may_v apply_v to_o valour_n the_o say_v of_o a_o prince_n concern_v constancy_n who_o understand_v that_o some_o person_n guilty_a of_o the_o foul_a enormity_n endure_v the_o rack_n with_o incredible_a resolution_n these_o man_n say_v he_o must_v needs_o be_v impudent_a sinner_n who_o employ_v so_o good_a a_o thing_n as_o constancy_n to_o shore_n up_o their_o evil_a action_n we_o do_v not_o therefore_o call_v they_o valiant_a who_o devote_v their_o courage_n to_o injustice_n and_o instead_o of_o oppose_a violence_n commit_v it_o and_o be_v oblige_v to_o serve_v as_o asylum_n and_o protector_n of_o the_o innocent_a become_v their_o enemy_n and_o persecutor_n if_o the_o out-braving_a of_o peril_n and_o defiance_n of_o death_n must_v needs_o merit_v the_o name_n of_o valiant_a than_o we_o may_v allow_v it_o to_o those_o unhappy_a wretch_n who_o not_o only_o despise_v death_n but_o seek_v for_o it_o and_o be_v seize_v with_o the_o excess_n of_o desperation_n or_o a_o transport_v of_o frenzy_n lay_v violent_a hand_n on_o themselves_o and_o become_v their_o own_o executioner_n it_o appear_v by_o this_o that_o the_o action_n of_o hero_n require_v something_o more_o than_o to_o expose_v a_o man_n self_n to_o danger_n and_o the_o contempt_n of_o death_n itself_o though_o that_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o height_n of_o courage_n yet_o
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those_o who_o be_v destine_v to_o command_v army_n to_o know_v to_o what_o point_n they_o may_v extend_v this_o command_n and_o because_o you_o purpose_v yourself_o to_o learn_v under_o the_o order_n of_o the_o king_n your_o father_n who_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o conquer_a and_o of_o be_v victorious_a we_o must_v not_o forget_v to_o remark_n in_o this_o discourse_n what_o be_v the_o extent_n of_o military_a obedience_n it_o have_v sometime_o be_v a_o question_n whether_o justice_n oblige_v a_o soldier_n to_o deliver_v up_o himself_o to_o a_o certain_a and_o inevitable_a death_n when_o his_o commander_n put_v he_o upon_o it_o some_o answer_n to_o this_o first_o that_o it_o be_v very_o difficult_a to_o find_v any_o case_n so_o deplorable_a but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v some_o possibility_n of_o escape_v for_o after_o the_o example_n of_o alexander_n when_o he_o throw_v himself_o into_o the_o city_n of_o the_o oxydracians_n and_o after_o that_o of_o horatius_n cocles_n who_o single_o 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equal_a number_n of_o man_n in_o the_o war_n against_o the_o carthaginian_n but_o if_o some_o will_v insist_v upon_o that_o which_o i_o just_o now_o hint_v that_o it_o may_v be_v these_o valiant_a man_n in_o these_o rencounter_n do_v not_o look_v upon_o their_o death_n as_o altogether_o infallible_a yet_o there_o be_v other_o who_o do_v actual_o devote_v themselves_o to_o death_n as_o decius_z among_o the_o roman_n and_o codrus_n and_o menecheus_fw-la among_o the_o greek_n and_o in_o our_o modern_a history_n we_o find_v commander_n of_o ship_n who_o be_v pursue_v and_o sore_o press_v without_o be_v either_o able_a to_o defend_v or_o save_v themselves_o have_v put_v fire_n to_o the_o powder_n and_o blow_v themselves_o up_o that_o so_o neither_o they_o nor_o their_o ship_n may_v fall_v as_o a_o prey_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o their_o enemy_n chap._n viii_o whether_o one_o may_v be_v dispense_v with_o from_o follow_v a_o order_n in_o war_n when_o he_o see_v in_o not_o follow_v it_o he_o 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to_o see_v if_o the_o course_n which_o we_o steer_v and_o which_o we_o prefer_v before_o the_o other_o do_v prevail_v so_o much_o over_o that_o which_o we_o have_v order_n to_o follow_v that_o this_o advantage_n be_v so_o considerable_a as_o to_o make_v a_o compensation_n for_o the_o liberty_n we_o give_v ourselves_o to_o forsake_v the_o will_n and_o command_n of_o a_o friend_n in_o his_o proper_a interest_n they_o advise_v we_o also_o to_o take_v care_n with_o who_o we_o have_v to_o do_v for_o if_o we_o shall_v have_v to_o do_v with_o a_o stiff_a and_o self-conceited_a person_n whole_o abound_v in_o his_o own_o sense_n he_o will_v neither_o take_v our_o good_a intention_n nor_o our_o good_a success_n for_o reason_n but_o on_o such_o occasion_n interpret_v all_o sort_n of_o address_n as_o shift_n to_o cover_v unfaithfulness_n then_o we_o must_v serve_v he_o according_a to_o his_o humour_n and_o not_o run_v the_o risk_n of_o lose_v his_o friendship_n some_o have_v extend_v this_o question_n to_o the_o command_n which_o we_o receive_v from_o our_o superior_n in_o which_o we_o must_v affirm_v that_o the_o secure_a way_n be_v not_o to_o set_v up_o one_o self_n as_o a_o umpire_n of_o their_o will_n and_o that_o there_o happen_v very_o few_o occasion_n where_o he_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o pass_v the_o limit_n of_o a_o blind_a obedience_n aulus_n gellius_n who_o sometime_o make_v remark_n particular_a enough_o upon_o thing_n of_o antiquity_n relate_v how_o that_o crassus_n go_v into_o asia_n with_o his_o army_n and_o be_v desirous_a to_o besiege_v a_o place_n stand_v in_o want_n of_o a_o long_a and_o strong_a beam_n to_o make_v one_o of_o those_o engine_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v baleares_n battering-ram_n and_o with_o which_o they_o use_v to_o batter_v town_n he_o pass_v by_o athens_n take_v notice_n of_o a_o beam_n which_o be_v in_o the_o gate_n and_o which_o he_o believe_v will_v exact_o fit_v his_o purpose_n he_o write_v to_o the_o architect_n of_o the_o athenian_n to_o send_v it_o to_o he_o the_o architect_n who_o be_v a_o able_a artist_n know_v for_o what_o design_n he_o intend_v it_o send_v he_o another_o which_o he_o judge_v most_o proper_a for_o his_o purpose_n crassus_n call_v he_o before_o he_o and_o demand_v of_o he_o why_o he_o do_v not_o exact_o follow_v his_o order_n whatever_o reason_n the_o man_n allege_v to_o justify_v himself_o he_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v punish_v in_o the_o sight_n of_o his_o army_n behold_v one_o who_o be_v rigorous_a to_o extremity_n we_o may_v say_v this_o roman_a use_v he_o as_o he_o will_v have_v deal_v with_o a_o soldier_n who_o have_v disobey_v his_o order_n and_o that_o he_o pursue_v the_o severity_n of_o military_a discipline_n indeed_o in_o war_n we_o must_v obey_v punctual_o and_o when_o order_n be_v give_v out_o nothing_o can_v dispense_v with_o the_o obligation_n we_o have_v to_o submit_v to_o they_o this_o maxim_n be_v sound_v first_o upon_o this_o that_o we_o ought_v never_o to_o do_v a_o positive_a evil_n for_o any_o good_a that_o may_v happen_v thereby_o and_o disobedience_n in_o matter_n of_o discipline_n be_v a_o essential_a crime_n on_o the_o other_o side_n we_o must_v keep_v up_o this_o rigour_n to_o the_o height_n otherwise_o the_o consequence_n will_v be_v dangerous_a if_o by_o one_o single_a exception_n we_o shall_v open_v a_o door_n to_o disobedience_n and_o if_o we_o shall_v give_v place_n to_o imagine_v that_o there_o be_v reason_n after_o a_o general_n have_v give_v his_o order_n which_o will_v leave_v one_o at_o liberty_n to_o follow_v or_o not_o to_o follow_v they_o the_o notion_n which_o the_o stoic_a philosopher_n have_v of_o valour_n accord_v very_o well_o with_o this_o principle_n through_o all_o the_o extent_n of_o morality_n they_o
refer_v the_o design_n of_o thing_n to_o prudence_n the_o distribution_n to_o justice_n and_o the_o execution_n to_o valour_n see_v then_o the_o proper_a office_n of_o valour_n be_v to_o execute_v she_o must_v be_v content_a with_o she_o own_o function_n and_o may_v always_o suppose_v that_o there_o have_v be_v consult_v enough_o preparatory_a for_o she_o and_o beside_o that_o she_o be_v not_o answerable_a for_o the_o miscarriage_n of_o deliberation_n other_o author_n to_o show_v the_o connexion_n of_o virtue_n have_v establish_v this_o for_o a_o maxim_n that_o a_o action_n can_v never_o be_v virtuous_a if_o it_o be_v not_o do_v with_o discretion_n equity_n moderation_n and_o resolution_n and_o according_a to_o this_o prospect_n they_o have_v assign_v to_o every_o virtue_n a_o general_a quality_n as_o discretion_n to_o prudence_n equity_n to_o justice_n moderation_n to_o temperance_n and_o resolution_n to_o valour_n we_o have_v no_o need_n to_o examine_v this_o principle_n in_o all_o its_o circumstance_n it_o be_v enough_o for_o this_o reflection_n that_o since_o resolution_n be_v the_o character_n of_o valour_n a_o soldier_n must_v give_v testimony_n of_o it_o in_o keep_v himself_o indispensable_o tie_v to_o discipline_n and_o in_o never_o start_v aside_o from_o the_o duty_n of_o military_a obedience_n chap._n ix_o it_o be_v a_o error_n to_o believe_v that_o the_o profession_n of_o a_o soldier_n be_v condemn_v by_o the_o christian_a religion_n if_o anger_n be_v permit_v in_o battle_n in_o what_o manner_n one_o ought_v to_o behave_v himself_o against_o a_o friend_n on_o the_o contrary_a party_n when_o one_o meet_v he_o in_o the_o fight_n i_o think_v it_o needful_a here_o to_o touch_v that_o scruple_n so_o weak_o ground_v which_o make_v some_o man_n believe_v that_o the_o military_a profession_n stand_v condemn_v by_o religion_n in_o this_o they_o be_v condemn_v themselves_o not_o only_o by_o the_o history_n of_o so_o many_o war_n which_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o scripture_n but_o also_o by_o that_o remarkable_a place_n in_o the_o gospel_n where_o the_o soldier_n consult_v the_o forerunner_n of_o jesus_n christ_n he_o do_v not_o exhort_v they_o to_o quit_v their_o employment_n but_o to_o be_v content_v with_o their_o pay_n and_o not_o to_o mutiny_v here_o then_o be_v no_o subject_a of_o doubt_n as_o there_o may_v be_v in_o that_o famous_a dispute_n which_o have_v divide_v the_o ancient_a philosopher_n and_o it_o consist_v in_o this_o whether_o anger_n be_v forbid_v in_o battle_n as_o a_o passion_n altogether_o evil_a or_o whether_o it_o may_v be_v allow_v as_o a_o instrument_n of_o valour_n this_o last_o opinion_n have_v prevail_v the_o lyceum_n be_v more_o follow_v in_o this_o point_n than_o the_o porticus_fw-la and_o we_o believe_v as_o there_o be_v commendable_a desire_n wise_a fear_n and_o innocent_a joy_n and_o sorrow_n so_o there_o be_v lawful_a anger_n be_v and_o in_o just_a war_n we_o may_v make_v use_n of_o this_o passion_n to_o inflame_v or_o as_o aristotle_n speak_v to_o whet_v our_o courage_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v to_o this_o other_o question_v which_o have_v be_v propound_v by_o the_o ancient_n that_o be_v in_o what_o manner_n we_o be_v to_o behave_v ourselves_o against_o a_o friend_n who_o be_v of_o the_o contrary_a party_n and_o with_o who_o we_o meet_v in_o battle_n must_v we_o avoid_v he_o or_o fight_v he_o we_o shall_v not_o undertake_v to_o decide_v a_o difficulty_n which_o so_o many_o great_a man_n have_v leave_v undecided_a let_v we_o forbear_v search_v to_o the_o bottom_n of_o this_o question_n for_o fear_v of_o find_v reason_n contrary_a to_o a_o sentiment_n which_o seem_v so_o humane_a and_o let_v we_o preserve_v respect_n for_o friendship_n which_o be_v a_o virtue_n itself_o or_o the_o most_o honourable_a of_o all_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n next_o to_o virtue_n chap._n x._o necessary_a reflection_n upon_o rashness_n when_o valour_n be_v regulate_v by_o justice_n she_o be_v far_o enough_o from_o rashness_n for_o if_o a_o prince_n be_v prodigal_a of_o his_o life_n he_o be_v unjust_a to_o his_o people_n and_o he_o ought_v sometime_o to_o regard_v temerity_n under_o this_o notion_n for_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v as_o a_o piece_n of_o injustice_n it_o appear_v more_o condemnable_a than_o if_o it_o be_v consider_v but_o as_o a_o piece_n of_o imprudence_n that_o a_o prince_n therefore_o may_v not_o become_v guilty_a of_o rash_a action_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v something_o else_o in_o his_o eye_n beside_o peril_n because_o one_o must_v not_o seek_v out_o danger_n for_o danger_n be_v sake_n and_o if_o one_o do_v expose_v himself_o to_o the_o hardship_n of_o war_n it_o be_v not_o simple_o to_o expose_v himself_o and_o no_o more_o but_o for_o the_o avoid_n of_o some_o eminent_a damage_n or_o the_o obtain_n some_o great_a advantage_n the_o action_n of_o a_o prince_n then_o ought_v to_o have_v this_o end_n viz._n a_o reference_n to_o the_o success_n of_o his_o arm_n which_o be_v possible_a important_a and_o conformable_a to_o his_o rank_n he_o fail_v in_o the_o first_o condition_n which_o be_v possibility_n if_o he_o do_v as_o alexander_n do_v when_o he_o throw_v himself_o from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o wall_n into_o a_o enemy_n city_n for_o can_v he_o pretend_v to_o take_v it_o alone_o he_o fail_v to_o observe_v the_o second_o condition_n which_o be_v importance_n if_o he_o do_v as_o the_o same_o prince_n do_v when_o during_o the_o siege_n of_o tyre_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o small_a detachment_n of_o his_o army_n for_o i_o know_v not_o what_o expedition_n against_o the_o arabian_n which_o be_v neither_o necessary_a for_o he_o nor_o worthy_a of_o he_o it_o be_v our_o next_o business_n to_o consider_v that_o a_o action_n may_v be_v possible_a and_o important_a and_o yet_o not_o be_v proper_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o he_o that_o will_v execute_v it_o nothing_o be_v more_o possible_a than_o to_o gain_v fort_n by_o spring_v of_o mine_n and_o sometime_o nothing_o be_v more_o important_a than_o to_o use_v those_o mean_n but_o we_o must_v not_o thence_o conclude_v that_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o go_v himself_o to_o lodge_v the_o miner_n i_o see_v it_o will_v be_v impossible_a to_o enumerate_v the_o particular_a thing_n which_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v act_v by_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o war_n and_o which_o be_v not_o so_o but_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o we_o may_v establish_v this_o as_o a_o general_a maxim_n that_o a_o prince_n ought_v not_o to_o expose_v himself_o to_o danger_n but_o in_o such_o action_n where_o his_o command_n be_v requisite_a if_o he_o know_v a_o fort_n well_o it_o be_v to_o ordain_v in_o what_o manner_n it_o shall_v be_v besiege_v if_o he_o visit_v the_o trench_n it_o be_v there_o also_o to_o dispose_v his_o order_n and_o if_o he_o appear_v in_o battle_n it_o be_v not_o there_o chief_o to_o imbrue_v his_o sword_n in_o the_o blood_n of_o some_o soldier_n for_o the_o kill_n of_o three_o or_o four_o man_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o turn_v a_o battle_n but_o it_o be_v here_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v his_o eye_n move_v through_o the_o whole_a to_o shoot_v his_o order_n and_o direction_n every_o where_o and_o to_o be_v as_o the_o soul_n to_o his_o whole_a army_n we_o distinguish_v between_o two_o sort_n of_o temerity_n one_o a_o particular_a the_o other_o a_o general_a rashness_n one_o consist_v in_o the_o hazard_n ourselves_o upon_o occasion_n against_o the_o rule_n of_o military_a prudence_n the_o other_o be_v when_o we_o engage_v in_o a_o war_n far_o above_o our_o force_n or_o without_o be_v well_o prepare_v as_o they_o say_v caesar_n do_v in_o his_o war_n against_o alexandria_n some_o distinguish_v also_o betwixt_o the_o temerity_n of_o the_o enterprise_n and_o the_o temerity_n of_o the_o execution_n which_o be_v not_o altogether_o the_o same_o as_o those_o we_o have_v mention_v although_o they_o come_v very_o near_o to_o they_o common_a sense_n give_v we_o sufficient_o to_o understand_v these_o difference_n it_o will_v be_v more_o important_a for_o we_o to_o consider_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o temerity_n and_o they_o be_v the_o false_a admiration_n of_o rash_a erterprise_n or_o execution_n when_o they_o have_v succeed_v and_o a_o mistake_a contempt_n of_o conduct_n conformable_a to_o the_o maxim_n of_o war_n when_o they_o seem_v not_o to_o have_v enough_o of_o bravery_n and_o resolution_n we_o may_v see_v this_o manifest_o verify_v in_o a_o conduct_n quite_o contrary_a which_o marcellus_n and_o fabius_n once_o follow_v one_o call_v the_o sword_n and_o the_o other_o the_o buckler_n of_o the_o roman_n i_o shall_v wander_v too_o far_o if_o i_o shall_v examine_v the_o life_n of_o these_o two_o man_n to_o make_v particular_a remark_n of_o this_o diversity_n and_o opposition_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o say_v that_o fabius_n be_v true_o the_o buckler_n of_o rome_n and_o
that_o he_o save_v she_o from_o ruin_n on_o the_o other_o side_n marcellus_n be_v blame_v for_o have_v precipitate_v himself_o into_o danger_n and_o to_o have_v as_o we_o may_v say_v steal_v away_o his_o life_n from_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o country_n in_o a_o time_n when_o she_o stand_v most_o in_o need_n of_o it_o it_o be_v say_v by_o a_o famous_a orator_n that_o many_o great_a man_n who_o have_v be_v whole_o dispose_v to_o sacrifice_v their_o life_n and_o fortune_n to_o the_o public_a interest_n yet_o be_v not_o content_a to_o sacrifice_v to_o it_o the_o least_o part_n of_o their_o glory_n he_o allege_v upon_o this_o subject_a the_o example_n of_o cleombrotus_n the_o lacedaemonian_a who_o lose_v the_o battle_n at_o leuctre_n and_o of_o another_o call_v callicratides_n who_o during_o the_o war_n of_o peloponnesus_n engage_v himself_o unlucky_o in_o a_o sea-fight_n against_o the_o athenian_n and_o when_o they_o endeavour_v to_o dissuade_v he_o from_o it_o he_o answer_v the_o commonwealth_n of_o sparta_n may_v send_v another_o fleet_n to_o the_o sea_n but_o as_o for_o he_o he_o can_v not_o make_v a_o retreat_n but_o to_o his_o dishonour_n but_o he_o deceive_v himself_o extreme_o in_o speak_v after_o this_o rate_n for_o if_o a_o retreat_n be_v necessary_a than_o it_o can_v not_o be_v shameful_a and_o if_o the_o engagement_n be_v rash_a it_o can_v not_o be_v glorious_a these_o restriction_n put_v you_o in_o pain_n sir_n and_o you_o look_v upon_o they_o as_o fetter_n to_o your_o courage_n you_o bear_v they_o so_o much_o the_o more_o impatient_o in_o that_o you_o know_v alexander_n remain_v conqueror_n at_o this_o day_n and_o have_v a_o emulation_n for_o his_o glory_n you_o aim_v to_o be_v as_o valiant_a as_o he_o your_o pretension_n sir_n be_v just_a and_o you_o give_v we_o reason_n to_o hope_v that_o you_o will_v equal_v the_o fortune_n and_o surpass_v the_o virtue_n of_o this_o famous_a conqueror_n but_o i_o most_o humble_o beseech_v you_o to_o take_v notice_n that_o one_o may_v be_v as_o valiant_a as_o alexander_n without_o be_v fond_a of_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o his_o temerity_n provide_v one_o do_v not_o forbear_v imitate_v he_o herein_o by_o any_o impulse_n of_o fear_n but_o out_o of_o a_o principle_n of_o reason_n there_o be_v in_o the_o whole_a three_o or_o four_o action_n in_o the_o life_n of_o that_o prince_n which_o be_v inexcusable_a temerity_n and_o the_o success_n can_v justify_v they_o since_o wise_a man_n judge_v of_o thing_n as_o they_o be_v in_o themselves_o and_o not_o by_o the_o event_n these_o sort_n of_o excess_n will_v be_v more_o condemn_v in_o our_o day_n after_o the_o invention_n of_o artillery_n which_o have_v give_v so_o many_o advantage_n to_o fortune_n if_o he_o that_o former_o see_v a_o warlike_a engine_n cry_v out_o that_o valour_n will_v be_v lose_v have_v see_v these_o other_o machine_n which_o not_o only_o represent_v the_o noise_n but_o the_o effect_n of_o lightning_n and_o carry_v death_n to_o a_o prodigious_a distance_n how_o will_v he_o have_v improve_v the_o subject_a of_o his_o exclamation_n he_o that_o be_v undaunted_a be_v as_o valiant_a as_o alexander_n but_o though_o in_o this_o greatness_n of_o courage_n he_o be_v not_o afraid_a of_o death_n yet_o nevertheless_o he_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o expose_v himself_o thereunto_o to_o no_o purpose_n we_o can_v imagine_v any_o thing_n more_o important_a than_o this_o reflection_n because_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o rash_a prince_n can_v produce_v the_o effect_n which_o it_o ought_v to_o do_v his_o enemy_n conceive_v as_o much_o of_o hope_n as_o fear_v at_o it_o and_o they_o desire_v no_o more_o of_o he_o than_o to_o confront_v danger_n without_o necessity_n and_o they_o wait_v every_o moment_n for_o that_o fatal_a stroak_n which_o shall_v put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o course_n of_o his_o success_n and_o that_o of_o his_o life_n if_o a_o prince_n will_v be_v a_o conqueror_n he_o must_v first_o learn_v to_o overcome_v himself_o and_o he_o must_v hold_v this_o for_o a_o certain_a rule_n that_o he_o that_o can_v command_v his_o own_o courage_n can_v never_o render_v himself_o master_n of_o his_o enemy_n the_o true_a valour_n of_o a_o prince_n do_v not_o consist_v in_o avoid_v danger_n no_o more_o than_o in_o seek_v of_o they_o but_o to_o attend_v and_o not_o to_o desert_v the_o function_n of_o his_o command_n for_o any_o danger_n that_o shall_v encompass_v he_o if_o in_o a_o sea-fight_n a_o pilot_n shall_v quit_v the_o rudder_n and_o run_v upon_o the_o deck_n he_o will_v be_v account_v foolhardy_a and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n if_o fear_v to_o be_v slay_v in_o the_o place_n where_o he_o ought_v to_o steer_v the_o ship_n he_o shall_v go_v and_o hide_v himself_o in_o the_o hole_n he_o will_v be_v brand_v for_o a_o errant_a coward_n some_o have_v compare_v a_o army_n to_o the_o body_n of_o a_o man._n iphicrates_n say_v the_o infantry_n be_v the_o hand_n the_o cavalry_n the_o foot_n and_o the_o general_n the_o head_n now_o if_o the_o head_n will_v either_o give_v or_o put_v by_o blow_n instead_o of_o leave_v this_o office_n to_o the_o hand_n it_o will_v receive_v as_o many_o wound_n as_o it_o make_v pushes_z and_o will_v soon_o be_v put_v out_o of_o a_o condition_n of_o fight_v but_o if_o on_o the_o other_o extreme_a find_v itself_o afraid_a of_o danger_n it_o will_v hoodwink_a her_o eye_n or_o turn_v away_o her_o sight_n it_o will_v so_o happen_v that_o the_o hand_n not_o be_v guide_v thereby_o the_o whole_a body_n will_v be_v leave_v without_o defence_n and_o expose_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o enemy_n i_o allow_v that_o these_o comparison_n be_v imperfect_a and_o we_o can_v frame_v similitude_n which_o will_v have_v a_o entire_a exactness_n but_o we_o may_v draw_v some_o light_n from_o they_o and_o thereupon_o form_v a_o definition_n of_o valour_n near_o approach_v to_o that_o which_o the_o ancient_n have_v leave_v we_o in_o truth_n this_o virtue_n will_v not_o be_v ill_o define_v if_o we_o say_v that_o valour_n be_v the_o science_n of_o those_o danger_n to_o which_o a_o man_n ought_v to_o expose_v himself_o and_o of_o those_o to_o which_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o expose_v himself_o they_o who_o will_v be_v willing_a to_o conceive_v of_o it_o in_o this_o sense_n will_v pursue_v the_o notion_n of_o socrates_n who_o call_v all_o the_o virtue_n science_n and_o particular_o give_v this_o name_n to_o valour_n it_o be_v relate_v of_o he_o how_o that_o be_v one_o day_n at_o a_o feast_n where_o they_o bring_v in_o one_o of_o those_o sort_n of_o woman_n we_o see_v nowadays_o who_o leap_v over_o naked_a sword_n with_o the_o point_n upward_o and_o cross_v he_o make_v a_o reflection_n how_o well_o this_o woman_n have_v overcome_v the_o natural_a timidity_n of_o her_o sex_n in_o that_o she_o undertake_v a_o thing_n wherein_o her_o death_n have_v be_v infallible_a if_o she_o have_v stop_v by_o the_o way_n and_o have_v not_o thorough_o perform_v so_o hazardous_a a_o leap_n then_o be_v come_v near_o to_o one_o of_o his_o scholar_n valour_n say_v he_o to_o he_o be_v a_o thing_n which_o fall_v under_o doctrine_n and_o may_v be_v learned_a if_o the_o maxim_n of_o this_o philosopher_n have_v any_o foundation_n and_o it_o be_v true_a that_o valour_n may_v be_v learned_a who_o shall_v be_v the_o master_n of_o this_o noble_a science_n certain_o the_o prince_n his_o example_n therein_o be_v the_o model_n and_o his_o order_n be_v the_o precept_n but_o in_o the_o order_n that_o he_o shall_v give_v out_o to_o other_o or_o to_o himself_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o make_v justice_n to_o consist_v in_o equality_n but_o as_o one_o former_o say_v equality_n in_o justice_n and_o if_o it_o be_v demand_v whether_o the_o danger_n ought_v to_o be_v equal_a in_o a_o army_n we_o may_v answer_v in_o the_o affirmative_a but_o we_o must_v understand_v it_o of_o a_o equality_n of_o justice_n or_o proportion_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o the_o king_n must_v expose_v himself_o as_o a_o king_n and_o the_o soldier_n as_o a_o soldier_n chap._n xi_o the_o dependence_n of_o valour_n in_o regard_n of_o god_n the_o principal_a part_n of_o justice_n be_v that_o wherewith_o god_n have_v ordain_v we_o to_o serve_v he_o and_o it_o consist_v in_o that_o entire_a submission_n we_o ought_v to_o render_v he_o insomuch_o that_o we_o must_v not_o fail_v to_o consider_v in_o this_o discourse_n what_o be_v those_o dependency_n which_o the_o valour_n of_o man_n receive_v from_o the_o power_n of_o god_n it_o depend_v upon_o he_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o which_o we_o call_v fortune_n and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o body_n and_o also_o of_o the_o soul_n first_o the_o thing_n call_v fortuitous_a be_v entire_o in_o the_o hand_n of_o god_n there_o be_v no_o courage_n
insomuch_o that_o god_n be_v in_o our_o soul_n he_o act_v immediate_o there_o and_o it_o belong_v to_o he_o to_o do_v that_o which_o he_o please_v they_o deceive_v themselves_o extreme_o who_o imagine_v that_o in_o make_v these_o reflection_n on_o the_o dependence_n of_o man_n valour_n it_o shall_v be_v capable_a to_o abate_v their_o courage_n rather_o than_o to_o add_v more_o assurance_n to_o it_o for_o as_o it_o be_v in_o civil_a society_n the_o power_n of_o our_o friend_n create_v in_o we_o rather_o confidence_n than_o fear_n so_o the_o divine_a omnipotence_n be_v so_o far_o from_o abate_v the_o courage_n of_o those_o person_n that_o acknowledge_v and_o adore_v it_o that_o it_o elevate_v and_o confirm_v it_o and_o certain_o i_o believe_v that_o all_o the_o exhortation_n that_o ever_o have_v be_v make_v or_o ever_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o excite_v man_n to_o valour_n have_v not_o so_o much_o force_n as_o one_o sentence_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n allege_v by_o st._n paul_n if_o god_n be_v for_o we_o who_o can_v be_v against_o we_o and_o that_o other_o in_o the_o gospel_n fear_v not_o they_o that_o can_v kill_v the_o body_n but_o can_v destroy_v the_o soul_n chap._n xii_o what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o valiant_a action_n among_o the_o circumstance_n which_o attend_v action_n the_o most_o essential_a of_o all_o be_v the_o end_n what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o action_n of_o valour_n the_o pagan_n have_v propound_v glory_n for_o its_o end_n christian_n morality_n advance_v high_a and_o to_o conceive_v aright_o of_o the_o grandeur_n and_o solidity_n of_o the_o sentiment_n she_o inspire_v upon_o this_o subject_a it_o be_v needful_a for_o we_o to_o consider_v it_o be_v in_o valour_n as_o it_o be_v in_o other_o virtue_n and_o that_o military_a action_n ought_v to_o be_v rank_v among_o the_o good_a work_n to_o which_o the_o reward_n of_o heaven_n be_v promise_v there_o be_v in_o they_o this_o in_o particular_a that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o more_o painful_a and_o difficult_a than_o the_o other_o but_o they_o oftentimes_o put_v a_o period_n to_o the_o life_n of_o he_o that_o perform_v they_o and_o so_o he_o embrace_v death_n in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o virtue_n if_o a_o man_n close_v up_o his_o life_n stretch_v out_o his_o hand_n to_o assist_v the_o poor_a and_o in_o the_o very_a act_n of_o alms-deed_n and_o charity_n or_o if_o he_o render_v up_o his_o soul_n at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o altar_n whilst_o he_o be_v apply_v himself_o to_o the_o invocation_n and_o adoration_n of_o god_n such_o a_o death_n will_v with_o reason_n be_v account_v as_o a_o favour_n and_o will_v give_v we_o advantageous_a thought_n of_o the_o salvation_n of_o this_o man._n we_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o same_o opinion_n of_o a_o death_n which_o happen_v in_o military_a expedition_n and_o to_o make_v the_o reflection_n more_o agreeable_a to_o this_o notion_n it_o be_v not_o necessary_a that_o it_o must_v be_v a_o war_n wage_v against_o infidel_n it_o be_v sufficient_a that_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o prince_n the_o war_n be_v just_a and_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o subject_n that_o they_o be_v command_v by_o their_o prince_n then_o we_o may_v say_v that_o death_n be_v a_o sacrifice_n and_o he_o that_o suffer_v it_o be_v a_o victim_n it_o will_v be_v object_v without_o doubt_n that_o this_o sacrifice_n may_v not_o be_v please_v to_o god_n because_o it_o may_v suffer_v that_o death_n and_o yet_o otherwise_o be_v in_o a_o ill_a state_n i_o agree_v it_o but_o this_o be_v not_o a_o case_n peculiar_a to_o valour_n only_o see_v that_o it_o may_v be_v also_o that_o he_o who_o die_v in_o the_o actual_a exercise_n of_o almsgiving_n or_o of_o prayer_n yet_o may_v not_o die_v in_o a_o good_a disposition_n of_o conscience_n there_o be_v only_o one_o difference_n to_o be_v observe_v that_o almsgiving_n and_o prayer_n do_v not_o in_o themselves_o expose_v a_o man_n life_n to_o hazard_v but_o military_a action_n be_v accompany_v with_o danger_n and_o it_o be_v their_o very_a business_n to_o encounter_v they_o insomuch_o that_o we_o may_v sober_o conclude_v thereupon_o that_o a_o soldier_n be_v particular_o oblige_v to_o take_v care_n of_o his_o conscience_n and_o in_o that_o he_o be_v expose_v to_o death_n hourly_o he_o ought_v always_o to_o be_v well_o prepare_v to_o die_v daily_o it_o be_v not_o necessary_a to_o make_v a_o far_o research_v what_o be_v the_o end_n of_o valiant_a action_n it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o of_o other_o virtuous_a action_n valour_n propound_v no_o less_o a_o aim_n than_o the_o noble_a of_o all_o conquest_n that_o of_o heaven_n she_o propound_v a_o immortality_n that_o be_v not_o feign_v nor_o metaphorical_a as_o be_v that_o of_o fame_n but_o a_o life_n true_o eternal_a and_o true_o happy_a as_o to_o that_o other_o immortality_n such_o as_o it_o be_v i_o mean_v the_o glory_n which_o spring_v from_o valour_n we_o must_v see_v of_o what_o disposition_n christian_a prince_n ought_v to_o be_v in_o this_o respect_n i_o remember_v i_o have_v read_v a_o notion_n in_o the_o write_n of_o a_o ancient_a father_n which_o at_o the_o first_o surprise_v i_o but_o it_o be_v very_o solid_a and_o very_o necessary_a upon_o this_o occasion_n he_o preach_v to_o his_o people_n after_o this_o manner_n have_v a_o care_n of_o my_o reputation_n it_o be_v your_o interest_n rather_o than_o i_o so_o to_o do_v i_o have_v no_o need_n of_o it_o for_o myself_o but_o i_o have_v need_n of_o it_o for_o you_o so_o a_o prince_n stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o honour_n for_o himself_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v judge_v of_o god_n by_o his_o reputation_n but_o by_o his_o virtue_n he_o have_v only_o need_v of_o it_o for_o his_o people_n to_o maintain_v his_o subject_n in_o their_o duty_n to_o hinder_v his_o enemy_n from_o undertake_v any_o thing_n against_o they_o and_o in_o a_o word_n for_o a_o thousand_o thing_n important_a to_o the_o public_a we_o can_v doubt_v then_o but_o that_o the_o reputation_n of_o king_n be_v capable_a of_o produce_v great_a effect_n be_v it_o either_o in_o peace_n or_o war_n but_o all_o this_o have_v no_o far_a regard_n to_o a_o prince_n but_o during_o his_o life_n ought_v he_o then_o to_o neglect_v a_o reputation_n which_o shall_v endure_v after_o death_n no_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o neglect_v it_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a to_o desire_v it_o not_o for_o himself_o but_o for_o other_o which_o be_v the_o motive_n we_o have_v former_o touch_v at_o and_o appear_v here_o to_o be_v manifest_o true_a indeed_o st._n lewis_n will_v not_o be_v ever_o the_o less_o happy_a in_o heaven_n though_o all_o the_o world_n be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o action_n he_o do_v on_o the_o earth_n and_o we_o never_o have_v know_v he_o be_v valiant_a or_o that_o he_o have_v make_v war_n in_o africa_n or_o have_v suffer_v death_n as_o a_o martyr_n it_o be_v not_o then_o a_o felicity_n to_o st._n lewis_n that_o history_n speak_v of_o he_o but_o it_o be_v a_o happiness_n for_o those_o who_o be_v now_o live_v it_o be_v a_o happiness_n in_o particular_a to_o you_o sir_n who_o be_v animate_v by_o this_o example_n and_o find_v in_o a_o stem_n of_o your_o august_n family_n the_o most_o perfect_a model_n that_o the_o church_n have_v propound_v for_o prince_n as_o we_o may_v see_v by_o this_o that_o the_o glory_n of_o great_a king_n produce_v great_a effect_n which_o be_v not_o confine_v within_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o day_n so_o we_o can_v deny_v but_o that_o they_o may_v propound_v to_o themselves_o to_o do_v such_o action_n which_o will_v never_o be_v forget_v and_o the_o memoires_n of_o their_o virtue_n will_v procure_v a_o continue_a and_o perpetual_a benefit_n to_o the_o world_n we_o shall_v be_v yet_o more_o convince_v of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o maxim_n if_o we_o consider_v that_o there_o be_v a_o proportion_n altogether_o equal_a between_o the_o time_n and_o place_n and_o as_o when_o a_o christian_a prince_n desire_v to_o be_v know_v out_o of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n it_o be_v to_o render_v himself_o profitable_a to_o stranger_n as_o well_o as_o to_o his_o subject_n in_o like_a manner_n when_o he_o desire_v to_o be_v fame_v after_o his_o death_n it_o be_v to_o this_o end_n that_o after_o have_v serve_v his_o own_o generation_n he_o will_v be_v yet_o far_a serviceable_a to_o posterity_n chap._n xiii_o valour_n ought_v to_o be_v accompany_v with_o generosity_n when_o one_o be_v animate_v from_o so_o noble_a a_o principle_n and_o have_v propound_v to_o himself_o so_o excellent_a a_o end_n he_o sometime_o prohibit_v himself_o the_o use_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o in_o themselves_o be_v allowable_a it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o satisfy_v ourselves_o that_o we_o be_v far_o from_o be_v guide_v by_o unjust_a maxim_n but_o we_o
ought_v far_o to_o hearken_v to_o the_o impulse_n of_o generosity_n many_o confound_v the_o name_n of_o generous_a with_o that_o of_o valiant_a but_o in_o this_o they_o deceive_v themselves_o all_o undaunted_a man_n be_v not_o generous_a generosity_n be_v a_o grandeur_n or_o a_o beauty_n of_o the_o soul_n which_o sometime_o be_v not_o find_v in_o those_o who_o be_v remarkable_a for_o courage_n there_o be_v many_o who_o not_o be_v capable_a of_o the_o least_o cowardice_n amid_o the_o danger_n of_o war_n yet_o have_v be_v guilty_a of_o great_a weakness_n in_o the_o other_o accident_n of_o life_n we_o have_v borrow_v this_o term_n of_o the_o latin_n but_o we_o take_v it_o in_o another_o sense_n than_o the_o ancient_a roman_n do_v and_o have_v give_v it_o such_o a_o copious_a signification_n that_o we_o must_v consider_v generosity_n in_o the_o full_a extent_n as_o a_o general_a virtue_n which_o be_v a_o chief_a ingredient_n and_o mingle_v itself_o among_o all_o the_o other_o and_o add_v a_o flavour_n to_o their_o sentiment_n indeed_o as_o i_o remark_v before_o we_o call_v those_o generous_a who_o have_v a_o comely_a beautiful_a soul_n now_o as_o one_o single_a feature_n well_o form_v do_v not_o render_v the_o face_n beautiful_a so_o one_o single_a virtue_n do_v not_o make_v up_o a_o lovely_a soul_n generosity_n be_v ally_v to_o all_o the_o virtue_n but_o she_o love_v to_o be_v espouse_v to_o valour_n which_o open_v to_o her_o a_o vast_a career_n wherein_o to_o exercise_v herself_o it_o give_v she_o the_o stately_a theatre_n she_o can_v ever_o have_v have_v whereon_o to_o show_v forth_o the_o nobleness_n and_o purity_n of_o her_o intention_n it_o be_v by_o valour_n that_o a_o hero_n render_v himself_o victorious_a it_o be_v by_o generosity_n that_o he_o do_v not_o sully_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o victory_n it_o be_v by_o this_o that_o he_o remit_v the_o rigorous_a justice_n of_o his_o right_n and_o give_v a_o relaxation_n of_o hard_a and_o yet_o just_a severity_n that_o he_o scorn_v revenge_n though_o he_o have_v the_o full_a power_n to_o act_v it_o he_o be_v sorry_a in_o his_o chair_n of_o triumph_n for_o the_o blood_n which_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o shed_v in_o the_o field_n of_o battle_n stretch_v out_o his_o hand_n to_o relieve_v the_o vanquish_a and_o show_v they_o that_o he_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o no_o people_n and_o that_o he_o never_o design_v any_o more_o than_o to_o correct_v their_o insolence_n tyranny_n and_o injustice_n far_o sir_n generosity_n be_v proper_o the_o virtue_n of_o a_o prince_n you_o ought_v to_o esteem_v it_o as_o one_o of_o the_o principal_a ornament_n of_o your_o life_n and_o you_o can_v take_v too_o much_o pain_n to_o cultivate_v those_o seed_n which_o you_o have_v receive_v at_o your_o royal_a birth_n and_o to_o practice_v those_o maxim_n which_o you_o have_v continual_o learn_v in_o your_o excellent_a education_n that_o which_o show_v this_o virtue_n appertain_v peculiarly_a to_o those_o who_o be_v place_v in_o the_o high_a station_n be_v that_o she_o include_v within_o herself_o a_o kind_n of_o superiority_n and_o we_o may_v always_o affirm_v in_o some_o sort_n that_o he_o that_o do_v a_o generous_a act_n in_o that_o he_o raise_v himself_o up_o above_o he_o that_o receive_v it_o and_o certain_o shall_v a_o subject_a in_o make_v protestation_n of_o his_o loyalty_n tell_v the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v serve_v he_o generous_o though_o perhaps_o he_o may_v have_v no_o ill_a intention_n yet_o he_o offend_v against_o decency_n nay_o to_o go_v far_o if_o a_o â—â—lan_n shall_v so_o express_v himself_o towards_o god_n he_o will_v speak_v not_o only_o barbarous_o but_o impious_o no_o one_o may_v say_v he_o act_v generous_o towards_o god_n and_o that_o which_o be_v more_o surprise_v we_o ought_v not_o to_o say_v neither_o that_o god_n be_v generous_a towards_o man_n we_o ought_v to_o say_v indeed_o that_o he_o be_v good_a and_o compassionate_a now_o see_v that_o generosity_n be_v a_o virtue_n more_o sublime_a than_o mere_a goodness_n it_o may_v be_v demand_v why_o in_o speak_v of_o god_n we_o choose_v rather_o to_o say_v he_o be_v good_a than_o that_o he_o be_v generous_a they_o do_v wise_o that_o express_v themselves_o so_o and_o this_o way_n of_o speak_v seem_v to_o be_v found_v on_o reason_n as_o word_n be_v the_o image_n of_o the_o thought_n we_o can_v well_o give_v a_o name_n to_o god_n see_v we_o can_v comprehend_v he_o all_o name_n general_o be_v unworthy_a of_o his_o greatness_n and_o immensity_n not_o except_v even_o that_o which_o be_v have_v in_o so_o great_a a_o veneration_n among_o the_o jew_n we_o say_v of_o god_n that_o he_o be_v good_a because_o as_o this_o be_v a_o name_n we_o ordinary_o ascribe_v to_o man_n so_o we_o believe_v by_o our_o attribute_v it_o to_o god_n that_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o will_v not_o fail_v to_o elevate_v our_o thought_n beyond_o our_o expression_n but_o we_o forbear_v to_o give_v he_o the_o name_n of_o generous_a which_o be_v one_o of_o the_o sublimest_n in_o morality_n for_o fear_v one_o shall_v imagine_v that_o it_o will_v fill_v up_o the_o idea_n he_o ought_v to_o have_v of_o the_o king_n of_o king_n and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v true_o worthy_a of_o his_o infinite_a perfection_n i_o be_o insensible_o fall_v into_o this_o digression_n and_o will_v improve_v it_o no_o far_o but_o tie_v myself_o at_o present_a to_o consider_v generosity_n as_o a_o virtue_n which_o ought_v to_o accompany_v valour_n chap._n fourteen_o the_o great_a man_n in_o ancient_a history_n have_v not_o only_o be_v valiant_a but_o generous_a the_o hero_n which_o antiquity_n take_v care_n to_o render_v illustrious_a be_v generous_a as_o well_o as_o valiant_a and_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o the_o action_n wherein_o their_o generous_a thought_n and_o motion_n be_v most_o conspicuous_a be_v the_o passage_n of_o their_o life_n wherein_o we_o be_v most_o sensible_o touch_v and_o which_o engage_v we_o the_o more_o to_o esteem_v their_o memory_n caesar_n lament_v the_o death_n of_o pompey_n and_o after_o he_o be_v pass_v over_o into_o africa_n conduct_v his_o troop_n towards_o the_o city_n where_o cato_n be_v as_o soon_o as_o he_o understand_v that_o he_o have_v kill_v himself_o i_o envy_v your_o death_n cry_v he_o o_o cato_n since_o you_o have_v envy_v i_o the_o glory_n of_o save_v your_o life_n augustus_n also_o bewail_v the_o death_n of_o mark_n anthony_n he_o shut_v himself_o up_o with_o some_o of_o his_o familiar_a friend_n to_o condole_v the_o death_n of_o his_o rival_n and_o to_o render_v praise_n to_o his_o merit_n he_o read_v to_o they_o certain_a letter_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o and_o make_v remark_n on_o the_o neatness_n and_o beauty_n of_o his_o style_n he_o show_v they_o that_o he_o be_v not_o only_o a_o man_n of_o great_a courage_n but_o of_o a_o great_a soul_n some_o will_v say_v all_o these_o regret_v be_v but_o dissemble_v may_v be_v they_o be_v so_o but_o one_o may_v judge_v by_o this_o how_o commendable_a and_o amiable_a generosity_n be_v since_o in_o these_o instance_n caesar_n and_o augustus_n believe_v that_o they_o ought_v to_o have_v have_v either_o such_o real_a impression_n or_o at_o least_o the_o appearance_n of_o they_o and_o as_o they_o have_v the_o taste_n and_o ambition_n of_o true_a glory_n so_o they_o conceive_v it_o import_v much_o to_o their_o honour_n to_o be_v sensible_a of_o the_o misfortune_n of_o their_o enemy_n or_o if_o they_o be_v not_o so_o yet_o to_o seem_v to_o be_v so_o in_o speak_v after_o this_o manner_n i_o know_v i_o do_v not_o accommodate_v myself_o to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o make_v little_a favourable_a construction_n of_o the_o tear_n of_o the_o two_o first_o caesar_n in_o which_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o they_o have_v but_o ill_o practise_v the_o virtue_n whereof_o we_o be_v speak_v and_o that_o they_o have_v not_o use_v they_o generous_o for_o what_o reason_n can_v they_o allege_v that_o these_o two_o great_a man_n who_o after_o the_o establishment_n of_o their_o sovereignty_n have_v make_v their_o clemency_n appear_v so_o conspicuous_a shall_v not_o then_o enter_v upon_o consideration_n which_o may_v draw_v tear_n from_o they_o valour_n and_o generosity_n be_v not_o incompatible_a and_o when_o one_o have_v vanquish_v a_o enemy_n i_o can_v tell_v what_o shall_v hinder_v he_o from_o deplore_a his_o misfortune_n after_o the_o victory_n we_o must_v confess_v envy_n be_v a_o malignant_a interpreter_n it_o will_v divine_a thing_n it_o never_o see_v and_o will_v make_v comment_n on_o the_o fine_a action_n of_o the_o hero_n in_o the_o worst_a sense_n but_o what_o can_v it_o say_v of_o scipio_n who_o after_o the_o battle_n at_o zama_n the_o loss_n of_o which_o reduce_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o the_o roman_a servitude_n
study_v rather_o to_o preserve_v hannibal_n than_o to_o destroy_v he_o he_o oblige_v the_o vanquish_a to_o burn_v their_o vessel_n wherein_o consist_v the_o force_n of_o their_o empire_n but_o he_o do_v not_o oblige_v they_o to_o deliver_v up_o this_o redoubtable_a enemy_n who_o have_v ravage_v italy_n and_o have_v bring_v rome_n to_o the_o very_a brink_n of_o ruin_n and_o who_o beside_o in_o the_o use_n of_o mean_n which_o he_o employ_v to_o gain_v his_o point_n and_o to_o succeed_v in_o his_o erterprise_n sometime_o transgress_v the_o boundary_n of_o justice_n and_o be_v not_o always_o content_v with_o the_o right_n of_o war._n scipio_n save_v he_o nevertheless_o and_o afterward_o go_v to_o make_v war_n in_o asia_n he_o see_v he_o at_o ephesus_n although_o hannibal_n be_v flee_v to_o that_o very_a prince_n against_o who_o this_o war_n be_v declare_v yet_o the_o generous_a roman_a treat_v he_o with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o honour_n history_n observe_v that_o this_o fierce_a african_a take_v the_o way_n of_o he_o but_o scipio_n little_o value_v formality_n and_o during_o the_o conversation_n they_o have_v together_o he_o demand_v of_o he_o who_o be_v in_o his_o judgement_n the_o great_a captain_n in_o the_o world_n hannibal_n answer_v the_o great_a captain_n in_o the_o world_n be_v alexander_n the_o second_o to_o he_o be_v pyrrhus_n and_o the_o three_o myself_o his_o conqueror_n be_v not_o offend_v with_o this_o disoblige_a answer_n but_o say_v to_o he_o smiling_z what_o will_v you_o have_v say_v if_o you_o have_v conquer_v i_o then_o reply_v the_o other_o i_o shall_v have_v count_v myself_o the_o first_o this_o generosity_n of_o scipio_n appear_v so_o much_o the_o more_o commendable_a when_o we_o shall_v have_v compare_v it_o with_o the_o inhumanity_n of_o flaminius_n who_o have_v find_v hannibal_n in_o the_o king_n of_o bithynia_n court_n never_o cease_v to_o persecute_v he_o so_o cruel_o that_o he_o cause_v he_o to_o kill_v himself_o a_o procedure_n so_o barbarous_a be_v condemn_v by_o the_o solid_a part_n of_o mankind_n and_o a_o great_a number_n of_o they_o roman_n too_o by_o this_o flaminius_z blast_v the_o reputation_n he_o have_v acquire_v in_o his_o macedonian_a conquest_n we_o conceive_v i_o say_v he_o ought_v to_o have_v spare_v the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n who_o after_o have_v escape_v so_o many_o danger_n be_v now_o arrive_v to_o a_o extreme_a old_a age._n hannibal_n be_v of_o such_o a_o age_n that_o have_v he_o wish_v ill_o to_o the_o roman_n he_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o effect_v it_o though_o indeed_o he_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v do_v it_o nor_o to_o have_v wish_v it_o this_o action_n of_o titus_n flaminius_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o that_o of_o lucius_n flaminius_n his_o brother_n which_o be_v extreme_o condemn_v he_o be_v commander_n of_o a_o province_n and_o one_o day_n be_v at_o a_o feast_n with_o a_o person_n he_o love_v who_o be_v take_v with_o a_o inhuman_a curiosity_n tell_v he_o she_o have_v never_o see_v a_o man_n head_n cut_v off_o it_o be_v easy_a say_v he_o to_o satisfy_v your_o desire_n in_o that_o and_o there_o be_v in_o the_o prison_n some_o criminal_n under_o condemnation_n of_o death_n he_o send_v for_o one_o into_o the_o hall_n where_o the_o feast_n be_v and_o cut_v off_o his_o head_n in_o their_o presence_n when_o he_o return_v to_o rome_n one_o may_v have_v offer_v something_o by_o way_n of_o excuse_n for_o a_o conduct_n so_o brutal_a that_o he_o who_o he_o have_v cause_v to_o be_v execute_v be_v a_o guilty_a person_n and_o one_o actual_o condemn_v and_o that_o he_o have_v only_o change_v the_o place_n of_o his_o execution_n one_o may_v have_v allege_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o family_n the_o good_a â—ervices_n of_o his_o brother_n and_o of_o himself_o too_o but_o he_o be_v note_v for_o infamy_n and_o cato_n the_o elder_a by_o his_o authority_n as_o censor_n which_o he_o then_o exercise_v expel_v he_o out_o of_o the_o senatorian_a dignity_n by_o this_o example_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o this_o brutish_a action_n displease_v even_o a_o people_n who_o be_v accustom_v to_o see_v the_o combat_n of_o the_o gladiator_n so_o true_a it_o be_v that_o valiant_a man_n when_o they_o be_v cruel_a excite_v more_o of_o horror_n than_o admiration_n and_o that_o all_o who_o be_v stranger_n to_o generosity_n offend_v not_o only_a soul_n that_o be_v generous_a but_o even_o those_o that_o be_v not_o so_o chap._n xv._n valour_n without_o generosity_n be_v imperfect_a and_o generosity_n without_o valour_n be_v imperfect_a also_o upon_o the_o whole_a it_o concern_v we_o that_o we_o join_v both_o these_o virtue_n together_o i_o mean_v generosity_n and_o valour_n they_o be_v imperfect_a when_o they_o be_v separate_v the_o one_o from_o the_o other_o generosity_n without_o valour_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v sincere_a and_o valour_n without_o generosity_n do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v reasonable_a one_o appear_v as_o a_o artifice_n employ_v for_o the_o cover_n a_o defect_n and_o the_o other_o as_o a_o instinct_n whereby_o nature_n blind_o hurry_v he_o a_o prince_n ought_v therefore_o to_o unite_v both_o these_o in_o his_o own_o person_n those_o who_o will_v represent_v hero_n in_o their_o great_a perfection_n form_n and_o imagine_v they_o according_a to_o this_o idea_n they_o animate_v they_o with_o a_o desire_n of_o render_v all_o mankind_n happy_a they_o make_v they_o to_o protect_v the_o innocent_a though_o their_o person_n be_v unknown_a to_o they_o sometime_o to_o run_v through_o the_o universe_n to_o relieve_v the_o oppress_a they_o inspire_v into_o they_o a_o ardent_a passion_n for_o true_a glory_n and_o a_o noble_a contempt_n not_o only_o of_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v little_a and_o base_a but_o of_o those_o which_o be_v common_a and_o ordinary_a this_o union_n of_o generosity_n and_o valour_n make_v magnanimity_n which_o must_v be_v consider_v as_o the_o perfection_n of_o humane_a virtue_n the_o title_n of_o magnanimous_a be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o glorious_a surname_n that_o a_o monarch_n can_v have_v ascribe_v to_o he_o i_o wonder_v that_o we_o have_v never_o give_v it_o to_o any_o king_n those_o among_o the_o prince_n which_o deserve_v it_o have_v not_o take_v it_o upon_o they_o you_o may_v sir_n take_v it_o one_o day_n after_o you_o have_v merit_v it_o and_o as_o you_o have_v already_o a_o ambition_n to_o render_v yourself_o worthy_a of_o it_o it_o rest_v whole_o in_o you_o to_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o enjoy_v it_o chap._n xvi_o divers_a sort_n of_o generosity_n which_o serve_v to_o imhaunce_v valour_n among_o the_o divers_a sort_n of_o generosity_n the_o number_n of_o which_o be_v infinite_a those_o which_o show_v a_o entire_a unconcernedness_n and_o a_o noble_a contempt_n of_o riches_n serve_v extreme_o to_o raise_v the_o reputation_n of_o valour_n because_o that_o confidence_n which_o make_v a_o man_n valiant_a and_o persuade_v he_o that_o he_o need_v never_o fear_v the_o danger_n of_o war_n have_v very_o much_o of_o conformity_n with_o that_o confidence_n which_o make_v a_o man_n liberal_a and_o persuade_v he_o that_o he_o need_v never_o be_v afraid_a of_o misfortune_n the_o thought_n of_o which_o be_v a_o continual_a terror_n to_o the_o covetous_a alexander_n before_o he_o pass_v over_o into_o asia_n give_v away_o all_o that_o he_o have_v and_o when_o one_o demand_v of_o he_o what_o he_o have_v reserve_v for_o himself_o i_o have_v say_v he_o reserve_v hope_n but_o if_o we_o find_v too_o much_o of_o excess_n in_o this_o conduct_n as_o without_o doubt_n there_o be_v we_o shall_v find_v however_o a_o great_a solidity_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o parmenio_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o arbella_n this_o old_a captain_n send_v to_o advertise_v he_o that_o the_o persian_n have_v fall_v upon_o the_o baggage_n of_o the_o army_n and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o save_v it_o without_o immediate_a succour_n alexander_n bid_v they_o tell_v he_o that_o he_o must_v let_v that_o alone_a and_o think_v of_o nothing_o but_o to_o overcome_v for_o if_o the_o macedonian_n carry_v the_o victory_n they_o shall_v not_o only_o recover_v their_o own_o baggage_n but_o that_o of_o the_o enemy_n also_o this_o answer_n give_v i_o occasion_n to_o relate_v the_o say_v of_o antisthenes_n the_o philosopher_n and_o scholar_n to_o socrates_n we_o ought_v say_v he_o to_o wish_v all_o sort_n of_o good_n to_o our_o enemy_n except_o valour_n for_o if_o they_o be_v defective_a in_o valour_n they_o will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o preserve_v the_o good_n that_o they_o have_v and_o we_o shall_v not_o fail_v to_o render_v ourselves_o master_v thereof_o one_o speak_v ingenious_o who_o call_v covetousness_n a_o aenigma_fw-la for_o in_o truth_n nothing_o be_v so_o odd_a and_o unconceivable_a as_o to_o join_v poverty_n and_o riches_n together_o and_o to_o scrape_v up_o a_o mass_n of_o good_n
on_o purpose_n not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o this_o aenigma_fw-la yet_o become_v more_o inexplicable_a when_o avarice_n meet_v with_o valour_n in_o one_o and_o the_o same_o person_n if_o one_o shall_v put_v the_o question_n and_o ask_v who_o be_v he_o that_o despise_v life_n and_o with_o greediness_n heap_v up_o thing_n which_o he_o believe_v be_v necessary_a for_o life_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o make_v no_o use_n of_o those_o very_a thing_n he_o have_v so_o eager_o hoard_v up_o certain_o this_o will_v look_v like_o a_o fable_n and_o a_o chimaera_n and_o one_o can_v not_o imagine_v that_o it_o be_v ever_o possible_a to_o make_v a_o fit_a application_n thereof_o but_o such_o example_n be_v rare_a among_o king_n yet_o i_o will_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o there_o may_v be_v find_v some_o prince_n of_o the_o character_n of_o that_o roman_a who_o be_v make_v consul_n at_o a_o time_n when_o they_o dread_v a_o difficult_a and_o dangerous_a war._n he_o be_v much_o cry_v down_o upon_o the_o score_n of_o interest_n and_o when_o it_o be_v demand_v of_o another_o roman_a there_o at_o that_o time_n why_o he_o will_v be_v advise_v to_o give_v his_o vote_n for_o such_o a_o man_n to_o be_v consul_n it_o be_v say_v he_o because_o i_o have_v rather_o be_v plunder_v than_o sell_v but_o as_o i_o have_v say_v these_o example_n be_v very_o rare_a valiant_a man_n do_v make_v no_o other_o estimate_n of_o riches_n but_o to_o use_v they_o and_o they_o do_v not_o use_v they_o for_o any_o other_o end_n but_o thereby_o to_o be_v enable_v to_o do_v thing_n worthy_a of_o glory_n this_o appear_v even_o from_o the_o common_a soldier_n to_o the_o prince_n the_o great_a desire_n of_o a_o soldier_n true_o courageous_a be_v to_o have_v serviceable_a arm_n that_o of_o a_o captain_n to_o have_v a_o company_n well_o discipline_v and_o that_o of_o a_o prince_n to_o have_v strong_a and_o well-marshalled_a army_n it_o be_v for_o this_o that_o he_o reserve_v his_o treasure_n and_o we_o can_v but_o lament_v or_o to_o say_v better_o we_o can_v scarce_o bewail_v the_o misfortune_n of_o those_o who_o perish_v by_o the_o blind_a impulse_n of_o avarice_n perseus_n a_o certain_a king_n of_o macedonia_n who_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o roman_n have_v troop_n able_a to_o defend_v he_o but_o because_o these_o troop_n cost_v he_o so_o much_o money_n to_o maintain_v they_o he_o disband_v they_o the_o evening_n before_o the_o battle_n which_o he_o have_v against_o such_o formidable_a enemy_n history_n far_o observe_v that_o after_o his_o defeat_n covetousness_n be_v his_o predominant_a passion_n and_o when_o he_o flee_v away_o with_o all_o that_o he_o have_v that_o be_v of_o any_o great_a value_n he_o be_v betray_v by_o a_o captain_n of_o a_o vessel_n who_o embark_v the_o treasure_n of_o this_o prince_n in_o his_o own_o ship_n and_o leave_v he_o upon_o the_o seashore_n abandon_v to_o all_o the_o world_n although_o we_o see_v he_o arrive_v to_o the_o most_o deplorable_a of_o humane_a disgrace_n yet_o we_o have_v less_o pity_n for_o his_o misfortune_n than_o indignation_n at_o his_o conduct_n chap._n xvii_o among_o all_o the_o generosity_n in_o the_o world_n there_o be_v none_o that_o bring_v so_o much_o honour_n to_o valiant_a man_n as_o the_o pardon_v of_o injury_n there_o be_v no_o point_n of_o generosity_n that_o redound_v so_o much_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o valiant_a man_n as_o the_o pardon_v of_o injury_n i_o shall_v only_o add_v this_o word_n they_o ought_v to_o consider_v that_o in_o pardon_v they_o run_v no_o risk_n see_v they_o need_v not_o fear_v that_o this_o shall_v be_v impute_v to_o they_o as_o feebleness_n or_o want_v of_o courage_n pompey_n have_v be_v commend_v for_o burn_v the_o paper_n of_o sertorius_n where_o be_v letter_n will_v have_v make_v many_o a_o roman_n heart_n ache_v who_o desire_v not_o to_o see_v a_o end_n so_o soon_o to_o a_o war_n wherein_o he_o be_v engage_v we_o commend_v caesar_n yet_o more_o for_o throw_v the_o letter_n which_o be_v write_v to_o pompey_n during_o the_o civil_a war_n into_o the_o fire_n without_o so_o much_o as_o read_v they_o for_o fear_v they_o may_v have_v inspire_v into_o he_o other_o thought_n contrary_a to_o those_o of_o his_o clemency_n the_o subject_a whereof_o we_o treat_v will_v not_o permit_v we_o to_o forget_v those_o generosity_n which_o be_v useful_a for_o the_o success_n of_o valour_n and_o which_o be_v as_o the_o instrument_n of_o victory_n and_o conquest_n aristides_n reconcile_v himself_o to_o themistocles_n the_o night_n before_o the_o battle_n of_o salamina_n in_o that_o of_o platea_n when_o there_o arise_v a_o dispute_n about_o the_o rank_n which_o be_v due_a to_o the_o athenian_n and_o which_o they_o have_v hold_v in_o all_o the_o other_o war_n of_o greece_n aristides_n speak_v to_o the_o grecian_n in_o almost_a these_o term_n we_o be_v not_o come_v here_o with_o a_o design_n to_o dispute_v with_o our_o ally_n but_o to_o fight_v against_o our_o enemy_n we_o know_v place_n be_v not_o capable_a in_o themselves_o to_o create_v fear_n or_o inspire_v valour_n behold_v we_o all_o dispose_v to_o receive_v the_o post_n wherein_o you_o will_v be_v please_v to_o put_v we_o and_o we_o make_v protestation_n that_o we_o will_v endeavour_v well_o to_o defend_v they_o i_o consider_v also_o the_o conduct_n of_o photion_n as_o a_o great_a piece_n of_o generosity_n when_o he_o refuse_v to_o engage_v in_o battle_n to_o which_o he_o be_v rash_o desire_v by_o those_o who_o he_o command_v he_o persist_v in_o his_o judgement_n notwithstanding_o the_o murmur_n of_o his_o troop_n and_o when_o they_o be_v almost_o ready_a to_o accuse_v he_o for_o want_n of_o courage_n brave_a fellow-soldier_n say_v he_o it_o be_v not_o you_o that_o can_v make_v i_o valiant_a and_o it_o be_v not_o i_o that_o can_v make_v you_o coward_n we_o must_v acknowledge_v by_o this_o example_n that_o among_o those_o person_n who_o propound_v glory_n for_o their_o end_n there_o may_v happen_v occasion_n where_o their_o generosity_n shall_v raise_v they_o above_o the_o sense_n of_o honour_n they_o love_v rather_o to_o be_v blame_v without_o commit_v of_o fault_n than_o commit_v fault_n without_o be_v blame_v and_o then_o find_v their_o consolation_n in_o the_o testimony_n they_o render_v to_o themselves_o they_o thence_o draw_v so_o much_o satisfaction_n that_o they_o be_v not_o over-sollicitous_a for_o the_o reproach_n they_o never_o deserve_v chap._n xviii_o after_o what_o manner_n soldier_n ought_v to_o speak_v of_o their_o exploit_n we_o must_v not_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o reflection_n that_o we_o have_v pursue_v upon_o generosity_n without_o observe_v in_o few_o word_n after_o what_o manner_n valiant_a man_n ought_v to_o speak_v of_o their_o exploit_n and_o the_o first_o condition_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v observe_v be_v truth_n in_o time_n past_a by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o roman_a discipline_n lie_v in_o these_o sort_n of_o matter_n be_v a_o crime_n which_o they_o significant_o call_v the_o crime_n of_o false_a combat_n and_o polybius_n make_v this_o remark_n that_o if_o a_o soldier_n have_v vaunt_v himself_o before_o a_o officer_n of_o a_o piece_n of_o service_n he_o have_v not_o do_v he_o be_v sure_a to_o be_v punish_v as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v thereof_o convict_v to_o be_v full_a of_o one_o own_o praise_n though_o there_o may_v be_v some_o truth_n at_o the_o bottom_n be_v not_o always_o allowable_a homer_n hero_n be_v represent_v as_o very_o valiant_a but_o they_o sometime_o talk_v like_o braggadochio_n and_o because_o they_o boast_v of_o themselves_o at_o every_o turn_v in_o this_o they_o be_v not_o form_v according_a to_o the_o idea_n of_o true_a generosity_n no_o more_o than_o in_o their_o continual_a transport_v of_o passion_n which_o make_v one_o of_o the_o ancient_n say_v nihil_fw-la soedius_fw-la heroibus_fw-la homericis_fw-la nothing_o be_v more_o fulsome_a than_o homer_n '_o be_v hero_n the_o most_o celebrate_a man_n of_o greece_n and_o italy_n have_v often_o fail_v in_o this_o important_a part_n of_o morality_n and_o we_o must_v confess_v that_o the_o generous_a alexander_n be_v not_o always_o generous_a in_o this_o point_n the_o certain_a and_o sure_a rule_n which_o one_o ought_v to_o follow_v be_v to_o consider_v this_o self-applauding_a either_o as_o hurtful_a or_o unprofitable_a or_o as_o necessary_a when_o it_o be_v hurtful_a we_o shall_v forbear_v in_o point_n of_o prudence_n when_o it_o be_v unprofitable_a we_o shall_v forbear_v in_o point_n of_o modesty_n but_o when_o it_o be_v necessary_a we_o must_v then_o strain_v a_o point_n and_o applaud_v our_o own_o action_n as_o well_o out_o of_o that_o justice_n which_o we_o owe_v to_o ourselves_o as_o other_o and_o therefore_o when_o historian_n describe_v prince_n to_o we_o who_o to_o animate_v their_o troop_n before_o the_o battle_n
make_v harangue_n and_o tell_v they_o that_o they_o have_v a_o leader_n who_o fear_v no_o danger_n and_o put_v they_o in_o mind_n of_o other_o occasion_n wherein_o he_o have_v signalise_v his_o courage_n they_o do_v not_o consider_v this_o sort_n of_o discourse_n as_o savour_v of_o pride_n but_o as_o generous_a a_o certain_a prince_n at_o sea_n find_v himself_o within_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n fleet_n which_o be_v ready_a to_o attack_v he_o hear_v one_o of_o the_o soldier_n say_v the_o enemy_n ship_n be_v much_o more_o in_o number_n than_o we_o he_o turn_v himself_o sudden_o to_o the_o soldier_n and_o ask_v he_o for_o how_o many_o do_v thou_o count_v i_o this_o be_v not_o arrogance_n it_o be_v a_o become_a confidence_n and_o although_o by_o these_o word_n the_o prince_n comprehend_v his_o own_o praise_n yet_o the_o expression_n be_v not_o less_o fine_a than_o that_o which_o be_v relate_v of_o pelopidas_n he_o lead_v his_o troop_n through_o a_o place_n where_o he_o do_v not_o believe_v he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o a_o engagement_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o perceive_v the_o enemy_n on_o a_o sudden_a and_o that_o he_o can_v not_o avoid_v fight_v say_v one_o of_o his_o officer_n to_o he_o we_o be_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o enemy_n no_o say_v he_o the_o enemy_n be_v fall_v into_o we_o chap._n xix_o the_o valour_n of_o a_o prince_n ought_v to_o be_v accompany_v with_o the_o love_n of_o learning_n before_o i_o come_v to_o observe_v another_o qualification_n which_o be_v advantageous_a when_o accompany_v with_o valour_n i_o believe_v i_o be_o oblige_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o it_o be_v not_o so_o essential_a nor_o so_o important_a as_o those_o two_o of_o which_o i_o have_v be_v discourse_v generosity_n and_o justice_n we_o can_v treat_v morality_n with_o too_o much_o freedom_n and_o sincerity_n virtue_n surmount_v all_o other_o thing_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o when_o a_o virtuous_a man_n be_v possess_v of_o they_o his_o merit_n flow_v principal_o from_o that_o which_o be_v virtuous_a in_o he_o and_o when_o he_o be_v virtuous_a though_o he_o be_v not_o possess_v of_o they_o yet_o we_o must_v needs_o always_o observe_v in_o he_o a_o good_a foundation_n for_o true_a glory_n we_o common_o fancy_n old_a rome_n to_o be_v the_o seat_n of_o the_o science_n and_o as_o a_o polite_a commonwealth_n we_o can_v form_v this_o notion_n of_o she_o in_o her_o infancy_n for_o during_o more_o than_o four_o hundred_o year_n this_o people_n remain_v in_o a_o profound_a ignorance_n and_o a_o extreme_a aversion_n for_o learning_n those_o man_n though_o they_o be_v rough_a and_o unpolished_a yet_o they_o be_v brave_a and_o as_o one_o have_v say_v of_o they_o they_o know_v not_o how_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n but_o to_o till_o the_o ground_n and_o kill_v their_o enemy_n however_o we_o admire_v the_o hero_n she_o produce_v in_o those_o first_o age_n and_o we_o have_v reason_n to_o admire_v they_o we_o shall_v not_o find_v a_o less_o interval_n of_o time_n between_o the_o foundation_n of_o athens_n and_o the_o honour_n she_o have_v to_o be_v the_o mother_n of_o the_o arts._n since_o she_o become_v so_o famous_a for_o eloquence_n she_o produce_v a_o great_a captain_n who_o though_o he_o have_v not_o a_o ordinary_a politeness_n for_o a_o athenian_a yet_o he_o gain_v battle_n at_o land_n and_o sea_n for_o they_o and_o of_o who_o one_o say_v cimon_n be_v as_o valiant_a as_o miltiades_n as_o prudent_a as_o themistocles_n and_o more_o just_a than_o either_o themistocles_n or_o miltiades_n although_o he_o have_v not_o so_o much_o agreeableness_n of_o spirit_n as_o he_o have_v grandeur_n of_o soul_n yet_o he_o acquire_v immortal_a renown_n they_o place_v he_o in_o the_o rank_n of_o the_o illustrious_a and_o have_v write_v his_o life_n and_o if_o we_o may_v observe_v therein_o some_o little_a defect_n yet_o a_o slight_a indecency_n be_v not_o capable_a to_o sully_v the_o glory_n of_o his_o reputation_n on_o the_o other_o side_n though_o prince_n be_v endue_v with_o politeness_n yet_o if_o those_o other_o more_o solid_a quality_n which_o we_o have_v touch_v upon_o in_o this_o discourse_n be_v not_o conspicuous_a in_o they_o we_o must_v ingenuous_o confess_v the_o truth_n they_o can_v acquire_v a_o true_a esteem_n in_o the_o world_n and_o if_o they_o desire_v to_o be_v number_v among_o the_o hero_n of_o it_o their_o ambition_n meet_v with_o so_o many_o obstacle_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o surmount_v they_o but_o behold_v the_o judgement_n one_o ought_v to_o make_v upon_o the_o science_n that_o so_o we_o may_v not_o ascribe_v too_o much_o to_o they_o nor_o derogate_v too_o much_o from_o they_o they_o be_v to_o be_v esteem_v for_o three_o thing_n first_o they_o be_v able_a to_o inspire_v virtuous_a notion_n beside_o when_o they_o accompany_v virtue_n they_o appear_v more_o refine_v and_o be_v render_v more_o amiable_a and_o last_o they_o be_v useful_a to_o preserve_v the_o memoirs_fw-fr of_o grand_a achievement_n whether_o it_o be_v by_o the_o pen_n of_o he_o that_o perform_v they_o or_o by_o that_o of_o other_o learned_a man_n who_o dedicate_v their_o nocturnal_a study_n and_o labour_n to_o his_o honour_n chap._n xx._n without_o the_o assistance_n of_o learning_n a_o prince_n know_v not_o how_o to_o immortalize_v his_o action_n it_o will_v be_v difficult_a to_o find_v prince_n who_o after_o have_v form_v a_o design_n of_o distinguish_v themselves_o from_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n by_o their_o valour_n have_v not_o at_o the_o same_o time_n apprehend_v that_o they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o learned_a to_o eternize_v the_o memory_n of_o their_o exploit_n one_o day_n alexander_n find_v himself_o oppress_v under_o the_o weight_n and_o fatigue_n of_o war_n cry_v out_o if_o you_o do_v but_o know_v o_o athenian_n what_o i_o suffer_v to_o merit_v your_o praise_n among_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o spoil_n of_o darius_n they_o find_v a_o cabinet_n of_o inestimable_a value_n and_o at_o a_o entertainment_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o alexander_n his_o courtier_n ask_v what_o it_o be_v he_o will_v put_v into_o so_o precious_a a_o cabinet_n i_o design_v say_v he_o to_o put_v homer_n '_o s_z work_n into_o it_o and_o he_o use_v it_o actual_o for_o that_o purpose_n among_o those_o they_o call_v the_o twelve_o caesar_n the_o great_a in_o esteem_n be_v the_o two_o first_o we_o may_v add_v to_o they_o vespasiam_fw-la i_o shall_v say_v nothing_o upon_o the_o two_o first_o for_o they_o we_o shall_v speak_v but_o too_o much_o but_o vespasian_n have_v no_o less_o a_o love_n for_o the_o art_n than_o either_o of_o they_o it_o be_v he_o who_o protection_n and_o encouragement_n bring_v forth_o a_o swarm_n of_o fine_a wit_n which_o without_o doubt_n must_v give_v place_n to_o those_o who_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o augustus_n and_o yet_o nevertheless_o they_o merit_v very_o great_a esteem_n pompey_n lower_v the_o consulary_a fasces_fw-la before_o possidonius_fw-la his_o house_n when_o he_o go_v to_o give_v he_o a_o visit_n trajan_n make_v dion_n chrysostom_n sit_v on_o one_o side_n of_o he_o in_o his_o chair_n of_o triumph_n scipio_n ordain_v that_o the_o status_fw-la of_o ennius_n shall_v be_v place_v upon_o his_o monument_n and_o another_o be_v erect_v in_o the_o public_a place_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o claudian_n by_o the_o order_n of_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n charlemaign_a and_o francis_n the_o first_o be_v in_o their_o time_n the_o father_n of_o learning_n philip_n augustus_n be_v also_o find_v of_o it_o there_o be_v at_o this_o day_n extant_a a_o kind_n of_o history_n in_o verse_n call_v the_o philippeid_n he_o honour_v the_o author_n with_o his_o royal_a favour_n and_o though_o it_o be_v not_o worthy_a so_o great_a a_o prince_n that_o be_v his_o misfortune_n and_o not_o his_o crime_n charles_n the_o five_o follow_v these_o excellent_a example_n he_o esteem_v the_o learned_a and_o the_o science_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o make_v therein_o so_o great_a a_o progress_n as_o be_v expect_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o that_o sage_a governor_n who_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o have_v provide_v for_o he_o and_o improve_v not_o so_o much_o as_o be_v hope_v he_o will_v have_v do_v under_o the_o care_n and_o pain_n of_o a_o tutor_n who_o afterward_o arrive_v to_o the_o supreme_a pontificate_n yet_o he_o signify_v his_o sorrow_n for_o it_o history_n observe_v that_o a_o harangue_n in_o latin_a have_v be_v make_v before_o he_o at_o the_o city_n of_o genova_n when_o he_o understand_v not_o the_o meaning_n of_o it_o it_o happen_v now_o say_v he_o what_o i_o have_v long_a time_n foretold_v that_o i_o shall_v repent_v one_o day_n that_o i_o have_v not_o apply_v myself_o to_o study_n nay_o even_o hannibal_n himself_o have_v a_o particular_a affection_n for_o