to_o be_v qualify_v that_o his_o army_n may_v rely_v upon_o he_o 324_o chap._n 39_o a_o general_n ought_v to_o know_v the_o country_n and_o how_o to_o take_v his_o advantage_n in_o the_o ground_n 425_o chap._n 40._o how_o fraud_n in_o the_o management_n of_o war_n be_v honourable_a and_o glorious_a 426_o chap._n 41._o that_o one_o country_n be_v to_o be_v defend_v by_o all_o mean_n and_o whether_o honourable_a or_o dishonourable_a it_o import_v not_o it_o be_v well_o defend_v ib._n chap._n 42._o that_o force_a promise_n be_v not_o bind_v 427_o chap._n 43._o those_o who_o be_v bear_v in_o the_o same_o country_n retain_v almost_o the_o same_o nature_n through_o all_o the_o variety_n of_o time_n ib._n chap._n 44._o confidence_n and_o boldness_n do_v many_o time_n obtain_v that_o which_o will_v never_o be_v compass_v by_o ordinary_a mean_n 428_o chap._n 45._o whether_o in_o a_o battle_n it_o be_v best_o to_o give_v or_o receive_v the_o charge_n 429_o chap._n 46._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o a_o city_n the_o same_o family_n retain_v the_o same_o manner_n and_o custom_n a_o long_a time_n ib._n chap._n 47._o a_o good_a citizen_n be_v to_o forget_v all_o private_a injury_n when_o in_o competition_n with_o his_o love_n to_o his_o country_n 430_o chap._n 48._o when_o any_o enemy_n commit_v any_o grand_a fault_n it_o be_v to_o be_v suspect_v for_o a_o fraud_n ib._n chap._n 49._o a_o commonwealth_n which_o desire_v to_o preserve_v itself_o free_a have_v need_n of_o new_a provision_n every_o day_n and_o upon_o what_o score_n fabius_n be_v call_v maximus_n 431_o a_o table_n of_o the_o art_n of_o war._n ccap_n i._o how_o the_o seigneur_n fabritio_n colonna_n be_v refresh_n himself_o one_o evening_n with_o some_o other_o gentleman_n in_o a_o beautiful_a garden_n take_v occasion_n to_o enter_v upon_o this_o discourse_n of_o war._n 435_o chap._n 2._o a_o person_n of_o honour_n and_o condition_n be_v not_o to_o make_v war_n his_o profession_n 438_o chap._n 3._o how_o a_o commonwealth_n ought_v not_o in_o prudence_n to_o permit_v any_o of_o its_o citizen_n to_o make_v war_n their_o profession_n 439_o chap._n 4._o that_o a_o king_n ought_v not_o to_o permit_v his_o subject_n to_o make_v arm_n their_o profession_n for_o the_o mischief_n which_o do_v frequent_o ensue_v 440_o chap._n 5._o in_o what_o country_n the_o best_a soldier_n be_v to_o be_v raise_v 442_o chap._n 6._o whether_o it_o be_v best_a to_o choose_v you_o man_n out_o of_o the_o city_n or_o country_n 443_o chap._n 7._o of_o the_o inconvenience_n and_o convenience_n of_o trained-band_n or_o a_o settle_a militia_n 444_o chap._n 8._o of_o what_o sort_n of_o people_n a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v compose_v 445_o chap._n 9_o how_o the_o roman_n raise_v their_o legion_n 446_o chap._n 10._o whether_o it_o be_v best_o for_o a_o militia_n to_o consist_v of_o a_o great_a number_n or_o a_o small_a 447_o chap._n 11._o how_o the_o inconvenience_n which_o follow_v great_a army_n may_v be_v prevent_v 448_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o cavalry_n 449_o book_n ii_o chap._n 1._o what_o arm_n be_v most_o use_v by_o the_o ancient_n in_o their_o war_n 450_o chap._n 2._o of_o the_o arm_n which_o be_v use_v at_o present_a and_o of_o the_o invention_n of_o the_o pike_n 451_o chap._n 3._o whether_o the_o ancient_a or_o modern_a be_v the_o best_a way_n of_o arm_v ib._n chap._n 4._o how_o foot_n shall_v be_v arm_v and_o of_o the_o force_n and_o convenience_n of_o man_n at_o arm_n 453_o chap._n 5._o the_o difference_n betwixt_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o foot_n and_o upon_o which_o we_o be_v most_o to_o rely_v 454_o chap._n 6._o how_o the_o soldier_n be_v exercise_v 455_o chap._n 7._o of_o what_o number_n of_o man_n and_o of_o what_o arm_n a_o battalion_n be_v to_o consist_v and_o of_o exercise_v in_o company_n to_o make_v they_o ready_a either_o to_o give_v a_o charge_n or_o receive_v it_o 456_o chap._n 8._o of_o three_o principal_a way_n of_o draw_v up_o a_o company_n and_o put_v they_o into_o a_o posture_n to_o fight_v 458_o chap._n 9_o the_o manner_n of_o rally_a soldier_n after_o a_o rout_n and_o to_o make_v they_o face_n about_o a_o whole_a company_n at_o a_o time_n 459_o chap._n 10._o to_o range_v a_o company_n in_o such_o order_n that_o it_o may_v be_v ready_a to_o face_v the_o enemy_n on_o which_o side_n soever_o he_o come_v 460_o chap._n 11._o to_o draw_v up_o a_o company_n with_o two_o horn_n or_o another_o with_o a_o piazza_n or_o vacuity_n in_o the_o middle_n 461_o chap._n 12._o of_o the_o baggage_n and_o train_n belong_v to_o a_o company_n how_o necessary_a it_o be_v that_o they_o have_v several_a officer_n and_o of_o the_o usefulness_n of_o drum_n 462_o chap._n 13._o a_o discourse_n of_o the_o author_n about_o military_a virtue_n and_o how_o it_o be_v become_v so_o despicable_a in_o our_o day_n 463_o chap._n 14._o what_o number_n of_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v put_v into_o a_o battalion_n and_o what_o proportion_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v for_o their_o baggage_n 465_o book_n iii_o chap._n 1._o the_o order_n observe_v by_o the_o roman_a legion_n when_o a_o battle_n be_v present_v 466_o chap._n 2._o the_o form_n observe_v in_o their_o battle_n by_o the_o macedonian_a palanx_n 467_o chap._n 3._o how_o the_o swiss_n order_v their_o battalion_n ib._n chap._n 4._o how_o the_o author_n will_v make_v use_n of_o both_o greek_a and_o roman_a arm_n for_o his_o battalion_n and_o what_o be_v the_o ordinary_a army_n of_o the_o roman_n 468_o chap._n 5._o the_o way_n of_o draw_v up_o a_o battalion_n according_a to_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o author_n 469_o chap._n 6._o the_o description_n of_o a_o battle_n 470_o chap._n 7._o the_o author_n reason_n for_o the_o occurrence_n in_o the_o battle_n 471_o chap._n 8._o the_o exercise_n of_o a_o army_n in_o general_n 476_o book_n iu._n chap._n 1._o the_o consideration_n and_o subtlety_n to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o draw_v up_o a_o army_n to_o fight_v 478_o chap._n 2._o the_o art_n which_o be_v to_o be_v use_v during_o the_o fight_n 481_o chap._n 3._o stratagem_n after_o the_o fight_n 482_o chap._n 4._o two_o other_o way_n of_o range_v a_o army_n to_o fight_v ib._n chap._n 5._o of_o the_o constraint_n and_o advantage_n a_o man_n may_v have_v to_o fight_v 483_o chap._n 6_o direction_n for_o a_o general_n 484_o chap._n 7._o which_o way_n a_o battle_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v though_o press_v never_o so_o earnest_o by_o the_o enemy_n ib._n chap._n 8._o how_o soldier_n be_v to_o be_v encourage_v to_o fight_v and_o how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v cool_v and_o assuage_v when_o their_o courage_n be_v too_o high_a 485_o chap._n 9_o a_o general_n ought_v to_o be_v skilful_a and_o eloquent_a to_o persuade_v or_o dissuade_v as_o he_o see_v occasion_n ib._n chap._n 10._o certain_a consideration_n which_o encourage_v soldier_n and_o make_v they_o as_o virtuous_a as_o valiant_a 486_o book_n v._o chap._n 1._o how_o the_o roman_n march_v in_o a_o enemy_n country_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v imitate_v 487_o chap._n 2._o how_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v marshal_v to_o march_v in_o a_o enemy_n country_n 488_o chap._n 3._o how_o to_o put_v a_o army_n present_o into_o order_n and_o draw_v it_o up_o so_o as_o if_o upon_o a_o march_n it_o shall_v be_v attack_v it_o may_v defend_v itself_o on_o all_o side_n 489_o chap._n 4._o of_o command_n derive_v by_o word_n of_o mouth_n by_o drum_n and_o trumpet_n and_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o pioner_n 491_o chap._n 5._o of_o the_o provision_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o army_n ib._n chap._n 6._o how_o the_o ancient_n divide_v the_o spoil_n and_o of_o the_o pay_n which_o they_o give_v to_o their_o soldier_n 492_o chap._n 7._o to_o know_v the_o surprise_v which_o be_v contrive_v against_o you_o upon_o your_o march_n 493_o chap._n 8._o one_o be_v to_o know_v the_o country_n perfect_o well_o through_o which_o he_o be_v to_o pass_v and_o keep_v his_o erterprise_n secret_a ib._n chap._n 9_o of_o certain_a thing_n which_o be_v requisite_a upon_o a_o march_n 494_o chap._n 10._o how_o to_o avoid_v fight_v near_o a_o river_n though_o press_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o in_o what_o manner_n you_o may_v pass_v it_o ib._n chap._n 11._o how_o to_o make_v your_o passage_n through_o a_o straight_a though_o you_o be_v press_v by_o a_o enemy_n 495_o book_n vi_o chap._n 1._o what_o kind_n of_o place_n the_o greek_n and_o the_o roman_n choose_v out_o for_o their_o camp_n with_o a_o short_a recapitulation_n of_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o 496_o chap._n 2._o the_o form_n of_o a_o camp_n 497_o chap._n 3._o of_o the_o several_a watch_n and_o guard_n about_o the_o camp_n 501_o chap._n 4._o to_o observe_v who_o go_v and_o come_v to_o the_o
so_o that_o that_o may_v be_v ruin_v before_o nicolo_n can_v be_v call_v back_o or_o any_o other_o sufficient_a remedy_n provide_v that_o if_o thing_n be_v curious_o examine_v it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o nicolo_n be_v send_v into_o tuscany_n upon_o no_o other_o errand_n but_o to_o divert_v the_o count_n from_o his_o enterprise_n in_o lomberdy_n and_o remove_v the_o war_n from_o his_o own_o country_n by_o carry_v it_o into_o another_o so_o that_o if_o the_o count_n shall_v pursue_v he_o without_o irresistible_a necessity_n he_o will_v rather_o accomplish_v his_o design_n and_o do_v as_o he_o will_v have_v he_o but_o if_o they_o continue_v their_o army_n in_o lombardy_n 〈◊〉_d shift_v in_o tuscany_n as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v they_o will_v be_v sensible_a of_o their_o ill_a resolution_n when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o and_o find_v that_o they_o have_v lose_v all_o in_o lombardy_n irrecoverable_o without_o any_o equivalence_n or_o reprisal_n in_o tuscany_n 〈◊〉_d manner_n every_o man_n have_v speak_v and_o reply_v as_o his_o judgement_n direct_v he_o it_o be_v conclude_v to_o be_v quiet_a for_o some_o day_n to_o see_v what_o the_o agreement_n betwixt_o nicolo_n and_o the_o malatesti_n will_v produce_v resolution_n whether_o the_o florentine_n may_v rely_v upon_o piero_n giam_fw-la pagolo_fw-la and_o whether_o the_o pope_n proceed_v fair_o with_o the_o league_n as_o he_o have_v promise_v he_o will_v this_o â—â—â—â—lution_n bâ—ing_v take_v not_o long_o after_o they_o have_v intelligence_n that_o piero_n giam_fw-la pagolo_fw-la be_v 〈◊〉_d towards_o tuscany_n with_o his_o army_n and_o that_o the_o pope_n be_v better_o incline_v to_o the_o 〈◊〉_d at_o that_o time_n than_o before_o with_o which_o advertisement_n the_o count_n be_v confirm_v he_o be_v content_a to_o remain_v in_o lombardy_n himself_o that_o neri_n shall_v be_v dispatch_v thither_o with_o a_o 1000_o of_o his_o horse_n and_o five_o hundred_o other_o and_o if_o thing_n shall_v proceed_v so_o as_o that_o his_o presence_n shall_v be_v necessary_a in_o tuscany_n upon_o the_o left_a summons_n from_o neri_n the_o count_n engage_v to_o repair_v to_o he_o without_o any_o delay_n according_o neri_n march_v away_o arrive_v with_o his_o force_n at_o florence_n in_o april_n and_o the_o same_o day_n giam_fw-la pagolo_fw-la arrive_v there_o also_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n nicolo_n piccinino_n have_v settle_v the_o affair_n of_o romagna_n be_v design_v for_o tuscany_n and_o be_v incline_v to_o have_v march_v by_o the_o way_n of_o the_o alps_o of_o s._n benedetto_n and_o the_o vale_n of_o montone_n he_o find_v that_o passage_n so_o well_o defend_v by_o the_o conduct_n of_o nicolo_n da_fw-mi pisa_n that_o he_o believe_v his_o whole_a army_n will_v not_o be_v able_a to_o force_v it_o and_o because_o of_o the_o suddenness_n of_o this_o irruption_n the_o florentine_n be_v but_o indifferent_o provide_v either_o with_o soldier_n or_o officer_n they_o commit_v the_o pass_n of_o the_o other_o alps_o to_o the_o guard_n of_o certain_a of_o their_o citizen_n with_o some_o new_a raise_a company_n of_o foot_n among_o which_o citizen_n bartholomeo_n orlandini_n have_v the_o command_n and_o more_o particular_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o marradi_n and_o the_o pass_v that_o be_v by_o it_o nicolo_n piccinino_n suppose_v the_o pass_n of_o s._n benedetto_n insuperable_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o courage_n and_o vigilance_n of_o the_o commander_n choose_v rather_o to_o attempt_v the_o other_o way_n where_o the_o cowardice_n and_o inexperience_n of_o the_o chief_a officer_n be_v not_o like_a to_o give_v he_o so_o great_a opposition_n marradi_n be_v a_o castle_n build_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o alps_o which_o divide_v tuscany_n and_o romagna_n but_o on_o the_o side_n of_o romagna_n at_o the_o entrance_n into_o the_o vale_n di_fw-mi lamona_n though_o it_o have_v no_o wall_n yet_o the_o river_n the_o mountain_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n make_v it_o strong_a for_o the_o man_n be_v martial_a and_o faithful_a and_o the_o river_n have_v wear_v away_o the_o bank_n and_o make_v such_o groat_n and_o hollow_n therein_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a from_o the_o valley_n to_o approach_v it_o if_o a_o little_a bridge_n which_o lie_v over_o the_o river_n be_v defend_v and_o on_o the_o mountain_n side_n the_o rock_n and_o the_o cliff_n be_v so_o steep_a it_o be_v almost_o impregnable_a but_o the_o pusillanimity_n of_o bartolomeo_n debase_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o man_n and_o render_v the_o situation_n of_o his_o castle_n of_o no_o importance_n for_o no_o soon_o do_v he_o hear_v the_o report_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n but_o leave_v all_o in_o confusion_n away_o he_o run_v with_o his_o party_n and_o never_o stop_v till_o he_o come_v at_o borgo_n a_o san._n lorenzo_n nicolo_n have_v possess_v himself_o of_o that_o pass_n strange_o surprise_v to_o consider_v how_o poor_o it_o have_v be_v defend_v and_o as_o much_o please_v that_o now_o it_o be_v his_o own_o march_v down_o into_o mugello_n and_o have_v take_v several_a castle_n he_o stay_v at_o puliciano_n to_o refresh_v from_o whence_o he_o make_v his_o excursion_n as_o far_o as_o monte_fw-fr fiesole_n and_o be_v so_o bold_a to_o pass_v the_o river_n arno_n scour_v forage_v and_o plâ—undering_v the_o country_n within_o three_o mile_n of_o florence_n the_o florentine_n however_o be_v not_o at_o all_o dismay_v but_o the_o first_o thing_n they_o do_v be_v to_o secure_v the_o government_n of_o which_o they_o be_v not_o much_o afraid_a both_o for_o the_o interest_n which_o cosimo_n have_v with_o the_o people_n and_o the_o method_n they_o have_v take_v to_o reduce_v the_o chief_a officer_n of_o the_o city_n into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o few_o of_o the_o most_o potent_a citizen_n who_o with_o their_o vigilance_n and_o severity_n keep_v under_o all_o such_o as_o be_v discontent_v or_o studious_a of_o new_a thing_n beside_o they_o have_v news_n of_o the_o resolution_n in_o lombardy_n of_o neri_n approach_n with_o the_o number_n of_o his_o force_n and_o that_o the_o pope_n have_v promise_v to_o supply_v they_o with_o more_o which_o hope_n be_v sufficient_a to_o support_v they_o till_o neri_n arrival_n but_o neri_n find_v the_o city_n in_o some_o disorder_n resolve_v to_o take_v the_o field_n and_o restrain_v nicolo_n from_o forage_v so_o free_o and_o therefore_o draw_v together_o what_o infantry_n he_o can_v out_o of_o the_o people_n he_o join_v they_o with_o his_o horse_n march_v into_o the_o field_n and_o take_v remole_n which_o the_o enemy_n have_v possess_v after_o the_o take_n of_o that_o town_n he_o encamp_v his_o army_n there_o obstruct_v the_o excursion_n of_o nicolo_n and_o give_v the_o city_n great_a hope_n of_o send_v he_o far_o off_o nicolo_n observe_v though_o the_o florentine_n have_v lose_v many_o of_o their_o man_n it_o procure_v no_o commotion_n and_o understand_v they_o be_v all_o quiet_a and_o secure_a in_o the_o town_n he_o conclude_v it_o vain_a to_o lose_v time_n any_o long_o floâ—rentine_a wherefore_o he_o change_v his_o design_n and_o resolve_v to_o do_v something_o which_o may_v cause_v the_o florentine_n to_o provoke_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o he_o doubt_v not_o to_o overcome_v and_o then_o all_o thing_n will_v follow_v as_o he_o expect_v of_o course_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o nicolo_n army_n francisco_n conte_n di_fw-fr poppi_n who_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v in_o mugello_n revolt_v from_o the_o florentine_n with_o who_o he_o be_v in_o league_n the_o florentine_n have_v a_o jealousy_n of_o he_o before_o and_o endeavour_v to_o continue_v he_o their_o friend_n by_o enlarge_a his_o pay_n and_o make_v he_o there_o deputy_n over_o all_o the_o town_n which_o be_v near_o he_o but_o nothing_o can_v do_v so_o strong_o do_v his_o affection_n incline_v he_o to_o the_o other_o party_n that_o no_o fear_n nor_o act_n of_o kindness_n what_o ever_o be_v sufficient_a to_o divide_v he_o from_o rinaldo_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o brethren_n who_o have_v have_v the_o government_n former_o so_o that_o he_o no_o soon_o hear_v of_o nicolo_n approach_n but_o he_o go_v in_o to_o he_o immediate_o and_o solicit_v he_o with_o all_o imaginable_a importunity_n to_o advance_v towards_o the_o city_n and_o march_n into_o casentino_n discover_v to_o he_o the_o whole_a strength_n of_o the_o country_n and_o with_o what_o ease_n and_o security_n he_o may_v straiten_v the_o enemy_n nicolo_n take_v his_o counsel_n and_o march_v into_o casentino_n he_o possess_v himself_o of_o romena_n and_o bibiena_n and_o afterward_o encamp_v before_o castle_n san_n nicolo_n that_o castle_n be_v place_v at_o the_o foot_n of_o those_o alps_o which_o divide_v casentino_n from_o the_o vale_n of_o arno_n and_o by_o reason_n it_o stand_v high_a and_o have_v a_o strong_a garrison_n in_o it_o it_o be_v no_o easy_a matter_n to_o take_v it_o though_o nicolo_n ply_v it_o continual_o
the_o mind_n of_o the_o commons_o be_v above_o all_o thing_n to_o endeavour_v to_o ingratiate_v with_o the_o people_n which_o will_v be_v as_o the_o other_o if_o he_o undertake_v their_o protection_n and_o man_n receive_v good_a office_n where_o they_o expect_v ill_a be_v endear_v by_o the_o surprise_n and_o become_v better_o affect_v to_o their_o benefactor_n than_o perhaps_o they_o will_v have_v be_v have_v he_o be_v make_v prince_n by_o their_o immediate_a favour_n there_o be_v many_o way_n of_o insinuate_a with_o the_o people_n of_o which_o no_o certain_a rule_n can_v be_v give_v because_o they_o vary_v according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o subject_n and_o therefore_o i_o shall_v pass_v they_o at_o this_o time_n conclude_v with_o this_o assertion_n that_o it_o be_v necessary_a above_o all_o thing_n that_o a_o prince_n preserve_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n otherwise_o in_o any_o exigence_n he_o have_v no_o refuge_n nor_o remedy_n nabide_v prince_n of_o the_o spartan_n sustain_v all_o greece_n and_o a_o victorious_a army_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o defend_v the_o government_n and_o country_n against_o they_o all_o and_o to_o do_v that_o great_a action_n it_o be_v sufficient_a for_o he_o to_o secure_v himself_o against_o the_o machination_n of_o a_o few_o whereas_o if_o the_o people_n have_v be_v his_o enemy_n that_o will_v not_o have_v do_v it_o let_v no_o man_n impugn_v my_o opinion_n with_o that_o old_a say_n he_o that_o build_v upon_o the_o people_n build_v upon_o the_o sand_n that_o be_v true_a indeed_o when_o a_o citizen_n of_o private_a condition_n rely_v upon_o the_o people_n and_o persuade_v himself_o that_o when_o the_o magistrate_n or_o his_o adversary_n go_v about_o to_o oppress_v he_o they_o will_v bring_v he_o off_o in_o which_o case_n many_o precedent_n may_v be_v produce_v and_o particular_o the_o gracchi_n in_o rome_n and_o georgio_n scali_n in_o florence_n but_o if_o the_o prince_n that_o build_v upon_o they_o know_v how_o to_o command_v and_o be_v a_o man_n of_o courage_n not_o deject_v in_o adversity_n nor_o deficient_a in_o his_o other_o preparation_n but_o keep_v up_o the_o spirit_n of_o his_o people_n by_o his_o own_o valour_n and_o conduct_n he_o shall_v never_o be_v desert_v by_o they_o nor_o find_v his_o foundation_n lay_v in_o a_o wrong_a place_n these_o kind_n of_o government_n be_v most_o totter_a and_o uncertain_a when_o the_o prince_n strain_v of_o a_o sudden_a and_o pass_v as_o at_o one_o leap_n from_o a_o civil_a to_o a_o absolute_a power_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o they_o either_o command_n and_o act_n by_o themselves_o or_o by_o the_o ministry_n and_o mediation_n of_o the_o magistrate_n in_o this_o last_o case_n their_o authority_n be_v weak_a and_o more_o ticklish_a because_o it_o depend_v much_o upon_o the_o pleasure_n and_o concurrence_n of_o the_o chief_a officer_n who_o in_o time_n of_o adversity_n especial_o can_v remove_v they_o easy_o either_o by_o neglect_v or_o resist_v their_o command_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o way_n for_o such_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o perplexity_n of_o his_o affair_n to_o establish_v a_o tyranny_n because_o those_o citizen_n and_o subject_n who_o use_v to_o exercise_v the_o magistracy_n retain_v still_o such_o power_n and_o influence_n upon_o the_o people_n that_o they_o will_v not_o infringe_v the_o law_n to_o obey_v he_o and_o in_o time_n of_o danger_n he_o shall_v always_o want_v such_o as_o he_o can_v trust_v so_o that_o a_o prince_n be_v not_o to_o take_v his_o measure_n according_a to_o what_o he_o see_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n when_o of_o the_o subject_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v but_o to_o be_v govern_v every_o one_o run_v every_o one_o promise_n and_o every_o one_o die_v for_o he_o when_o death_n be_v at_o a_o distance_n but_o when_o time_n be_v tempestuous_a and_o the_o ship_n of_o the_o state_n have_v need_n of_o the_o help_n and_o assistance_n of_o the_o subject_a there_o be_v but_o few_o will_v expose_v themselves_o and_o this_o experiment_n be_v the_o more_o dangerous_a because_o it_o can_v be_v practise_v but_o once_o so_o then_o a_o prince_n who_o be_v provident_a and_o wise_a aught_o to_o carry_v himself_o so_o that_o in_o all_o place_n time_n and_o occasion_n the_o people_n may_v have_v need_n of_o his_o administration_n and_o regiment_n a_o ever_o after_o they_o shall_v be_v faithful_a and_o true_a chap._n x._o how_o the_o strength_n of_o all_o principality_n be_v to_o be_v compute_v to_o any_o man_n that_o examine_v the_o nature_n of_o principality_n it_o be_v worthy_a his_o consideration_n whether_o a_o prince_n have_v power_n and_o territory_n enough_o to_o subsist_v by_o himself_o or_o whether_o he_o need_v the_o assistance_n and_o protection_n of_o other_o people_n to_o clear_v the_o point_n a_o little_a better_o i_o think_v those_o prince_n capable_a of_o rule_v who_o be_v able_a either_o by_o the_o number_n of_o their_o man_n or_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o wealth_n to_o raise_v a_o complete_a army_n and_o bid_v battle_n to_o any_o that_o shall_v invade_v they_o and_o those_o i_o think_v depend_v upon_o other_o who_o of_o themselves_o dare_v not_o meet_v their_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n but_o be_v force_v to_o keep_v within_o their_o bound_n and_o defend_v they_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v of_o the_o first_o we_o have_v speak_v already_o and_o shall_v say_v more_o as_o occasion_n be_v present_v of_o the_o second_o no_o more_o can_v be_v say_v but_o to_o advise_v such_o prince_n to_o strengthen_v and_o fortify_v the_o capital_a town_n in_o their_o dominion_n and_o not_o to_o trouble_v himself_o with_o the_o whole_a country_n and_o whoever_o shall_v do_v that_o and_o in_o other_o thing_n manage_v himself_o with_o the_o subject_n as_o i_o have_v describe_v and_o perhaps_o shall_v do_v hereafter_o shall_v with_o great_a caution_n be_v invade_v for_o man_n be_v general_o wary_a and_o tender_a of_o enterprize_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v difficult_a and_o no_o great_a easiness_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o attacking_z a_o town_n well_o fortify_v and_o provide_v where_o the_o prince_n be_v not_o hate_v by_o the_o people_n the_o town_n in_o germany_n be_v many_o of_o they_o free_a though_o their_o country_n and_o district_n be_v but_o small_a yet_o they_o obey_v the_o emperor_n but_o when_o they_o please_v and_o be_v in_o no_o awe_n either_o of_o he_o or_o any_o other_o prince_n of_o the_o empire_n because_o they_o be_v all_o so_o well_o fortify_v every_o one_o look_n upon_o the_o take_n of_o any_o one_o of_o they_o as_o a_o work_n of_o great_a difficulty_n and_o time_n their_o wall_n be_v so_o strong_a their_o ditch_n so_o deep_a their_o work_n so_o regular_a and_o well_o provide_v with_o cannon_n and_o their_o store_n and_o magazine_n always_o furnish_v for_o a_o twelvemonth_n beside_o which_o for_o the_o aliment_n and_o sustenance_n of_o the_o people_n and_o that_o they_o may_v be_v no_o burden_n to_o the_o public_a they_o have_v work-house_n where_o for_o a_o year_n together_o the_o poor_a may_v be_v employ_v in_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v the_o nerve_n and_o life_n of_o that_o city_n and_o sustain_v themselves_o by_o their_o labour_n military_a discipline_n and_o exercise_n be_v likewise_o much_o request_v there_o and_o many_o law_n and_o good_a custom_n they_o have_v to_o maintain_v they_o a_o prince_n then_o who_o have_v a_o city_n well_o fortify_v and_o the_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n be_v not_o easy_o to_o be_v molest_v and_o he_o that_o do_v molest_v he_o be_v like_a to_o repent_v it_o for_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o world_n be_v so_o various_a it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o any_o army_n to_o lie_v quiet_o a_o whole_a year_n before_o a_o town_n without_o interruption_n if_o any_o object_n that_o the_o people_n have_v house_n and_o possession_n out_o of_o the_o town_n will_v not_o have_v patience_n to_o see_v they_o plunder_v and_o burn_v and_o that_o charity_n to_o themselves_o will_v make_v they_o forget_v their_o prince_n i_o answer_v that_o a_o wise_a and_o dexterous_a prince_n will_v easy_o evade_v those_o difficulty_n by_o encourage_v his_o subject_n and_o persuade_v they_o sometime_o their_o trouble_n will_v not_o be_v long_o sometime_o inculcate_v and_o possess_v they_o with_o the_o cruelty_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o sometime_o by_o correct_v and_o secure_v himself_o nimble_o of_o such_o as_o appear_v too_o turbulent_a and_o audacious_a moreover_o the_o usual_a practice_n be_v for_o the_o enemy_n to_o plunder_v and_o set_v the_o country_n on_o fire_n at_o their_o first_o come_n while_o every_o man_n spirit_n be_v high_a and_o fix_v upon_o defence_n so_o that_o the_o prince_n need_v not_o concern_v himself_o nor_o be_v fearful_a of_o that_o for_o those_o mischief_n be_v pass_v and_o inconvenience_n receive_v and_o when_o the_o people_n in_o three_o or_o
apprehend_v of_o all_o those_o that_o accuse_v castruccio_n with_o that_o abominable_a ambition_n opizi_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o death_n of_o francisco_n guinigi_n head_n of_o the_o adverse_a party_n will_v leave_v he_o master_n of_o the_o town_n but_o he_o quick_o find_v that_o the_o single_a reputation_n oâ—_n castruccio_n will_v be_v a_o new_a impediment_n to_o his_o usurpation_n so_o that_o think_v to_o rob_v he_o of_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n he_o spread_v false_a report_n and_o asperse_v he_o wherever_o he_o come_v at_o first_o these_o calumniation_n trouble_v castruccio_n but_o little_a but_o at_o length_n they_o alarm_v he_o to_o the_o purpose_n for_o he_o suspect_v that_o opizi_n will_v not_o fail_v to_o set_v he_o at_o odds_o with_o the_o lieutenant_n which_o robert_n king_n of_o naples_n have_v settle_v in_o lucca_n and_o that_o if_o that_o governor_n be_v his_o enemy_n he_o shall_v in_o a_o short_a time_n be_v turn_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o against_o so_o great_a danger_n his_o provision_n be_v this_o the_o town_n of_o pisa_n be_v then_o under_o the_o government_n of_o huguccione_n de_fw-fr fagivola_n original_o of_o the_o town_n of_o arrezzo_n be_v choose_v captain_n by_o the_o pisans_n he_o have_v make_v himself_o their_o sovereign_n and_o have_v give_v protection_n to_o certain_a ghibilin_n who_o be_v banish_v from_o lucca_n castruccio_n enter_v into_o secret_a intelligence_n by_o the_o privity_n of_o huguccione_n and_o be_v assure_v of_o his_o assistance_n he_o resolve_v the_o poor_a exile_n shall_v be_v restore_v to_o this_o effect_n he_o agree_v with_o his_o friend_n in_o lucca_n who_o be_v of_o his_o counsel_n and_o jealous_a as_o himself_o of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o opizi_n all_o necessary_a measure_n be_v take_v by_o the_o conspirator_n castruccio_n have_v the_o care_n of_o fortify_v private_o a_o tower_n in_o the_o city_n call_v the_o tower_n of_o honour_n he_o furnish_v it_o with_o ammunition_n in_o case_n he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o defend_v it_o and_o have_v appoint_v the_o night_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o design_n huguccione_n fail_v not_o at_o the_o precise_a hour_n to_o be_v at_o the_o rendezvous_n betwixt_o lucca_n and_o the_o neighbour_a mountain_n upon_o a_o signal_n give_v to_o castruccio_n he_o advance_v towards_o the_o gate_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o set_v fire_n to_o the_o antiport_n next_o the_o â—ields_n whilst_o castruccio_n break_v down_o another_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n his_o associate_n cry_v out_o to_o your_o arm_n to_o excite_v the_o people_n to_o rise_v and_o thereby_o put_v all_o thing_n into_o confusion_n huguccione_n enter_v with_o his_o troop_n and_o have_v seize_v upon_o the_o town_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o opizi_n to_o be_v murder_v and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o party_n which_o fall_v into_o their_o hand_n the_o governor_n for_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n be_v turn_v out_o and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o town_n alter_v as_o huguccione_n direct_v who_o to_o complete_a the_o desolation_n of_o lucca_n banish_v no_o less_o than_o a_o hundred_o of_o the_o best_a family_n that_o belong_v to_o it_o the_o miserable_a exile_n flee_v part_n to_o florence_n and_o part_n to_o pistoia_n two_o town_n of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n enemy_n to_o huguccione_n and_o the_o prevail_a party_n in_o lucca_n the_o florentine_n and_o whole_a faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n apprehend_v this_o great_a success_n will_v hazard_v to_o re-establish_a the_o power_n of_o the_o ghibilin_n in_o tuscany_n they_o enter_v into_o consultation_n which_o way_n those_o exile_n may_v be_v restore_v they_o set_v out_o a_o considerable_a army_n and_o encamp_v at_o monte_fw-fr carlo_n to_o open_v themselves_o a_o passage_n to_o lucca_n huguccione_n on_o his_o side_n draw_v the_o lucca_n troop_n together_o and_o put_v they_o under_o the_o command_n of_o castruccio_n and_o then_o join_v they_o with_o his_o own_o from_o pisa_n and_o reinforcing_a they_o with_o a_o squadron_n of_o german_a horse_n which_o he_o get_v out_o of_o lombardy_n he_o march_v out_o to_o encounter_v the_o florentine_n whereupon_o the_o florentine_n quit_v their_o post_n at_o monte_fw-la carlo_n and_o entrench_v betwixt_o monte-catino_a and_o pescia_n huguccione_n possess_v himself_o of_o the_o quarter_n which_o they_o have_v leave_v their_o army_n be_v within_o two_o mile_n distance_n one_o from_o the_o other_o their_o horse_n meet_v daily_o and_o skirmish_v and_o they_o have_v come_v certain_o to_o a_o peremptory_a battle_n have_v not_o huguccione_n fall_v ill_o just_a in_o the_o nick_n his_o disposition_n force_v he_o from_o the_o camp_n to_o look_v out_o for_o better_a accommodation_n in_o monte-carlo_a he_o leave_v the_o command_n of_o the_o army_n to_o castruccio_n his_o retirement_n which_o discourage_v his_o own_o man_n and_o make_v they_o think_v of_o protract_v the_o battle_n animate_v the_o florentine_n but_o bring_v no_o great_a advantage_n to_o their_o affair_n in_o short_a the_o florentine_n perceive_v their_o enemy_n without_o a_o general_n begin_v to_o despise_v they_o and_o castruccio_n observe_v how_o much_o they_o be_v elate_v endeavour_v to_o augment_v it_o he_o pretend_v great_a consternation_n and_o to_o make_v his_o fear_n the_o more_o credible_a he_o give_v order_n that_o his_o troop_n shall_v be_v draw_v up_o within_o the_o line_n but_o with_o positive_a inhibition_n for_o any_o of_o they_o to_o go_v forth_o though_o not_o a_o moment_n pass_v but_o the_o florentine_n provoke_v they_o but_o all_o to_o no_o purpose_n beside_o that_o this_o pretend_a terror_n in_o castruccio_n redouble_v the_o rashness_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o perfect_o blind_v they_o he_o draw_v another_o advantage_n from_o it_o which_o be_v to_o discover_v exact_o the_o disposition_n of_o their_o army_n and_o the_o order_n of_o their_o march_n when_o he_o have_v well_o observe_v they_o and_o tempt_v their_o temerity_n as_o much_o as_o he_o think_v fit_a he_o resolve_v to_o fight_v they_o the_o next_o bravado_n they_o make_v and_o omit_v nothing_o that_o may_v encourage_v his_o soldier_n he_o assure_v they_o of_o victory_n if_o they_o follow_v his_o command_n he_o have_v observe_v that_o the_o weak_a and_o worst_a arm_v of_o their_o soldier_n be_v dispose_v still_o in_o their_o wing_n and_o their_o best_a place_v in_o the_o body_n castruccio_n draw_v up_o in_o the_o same_o order_n but_o distribute_v his_o soldier_n quite_o contrary_a for_o the_o worst_a and_o most_o unserviceable_a he_o place_v in_o the_o body_n and_o his_o best_a man_n in_o the_o wing_n in_o this_o posture_n he_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o trench_n and_o have_v scarce_o form_v his_o battalion_n before_o the_o enemy_n appear_v and_o with_o his_o usual_a insolence_n castruccio_n command_v that_o the_o body_n shall_v march_v slow_o but_o the_o two_o wing_n be_v to_o advance_v as_o 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have_v gain_v he_o a_o great_a reputation_n than_o be_v ever_o get_v by_o any_o general_n before_o he_o insomuch_o as_o the_o senator_n praetor_n and_o all_o the_o chief_a magistrate_n in_o the_o city_n begin_v to_o fear_v and_o respect_v he_o this_o be_v no_o please_a sight_n to_o the_o grave_a sort_n because_o it_o have_v not_o be_v former_o the_o custom_n in_o rome_n whereupon_o cato_n a_o man_n of_o great_a esteem_n for_o his_o piety_n and_o justice_n take_v up_o the_o cudgel_n against_o he_o and_o complain_v public_o that_o the_o city_n can_v not_o be_v call_v free_a while_o the_o magistrate_n be_v in_o awe_n of_o any_o particular_a citizen_n if_o then_o in_o a_o thing_n so_o near_o import_v their_o liberty_n the_o people_n follow_v the_o opinion_n of_o cato_n in_o my_o judgement_n they_o be_v in_o some_o measure_n to_o be_v excuse_v in_o short_a my_o opinion_n be_v as_o i_o say_v before_o that_o it_o be_v avarice_n and_o suspicion_n which_o make_v man_n ingrateful_a to_o the_o first_o of_o which_o the_o people_n be_v not_o natural_o addict_v and_o to_o the_o last_o with_o much_o less_o propensity_n than_o prince_n as_o have_v less_o occasion_n which_o shall_v be_v prove_v hereafter_o chap._n xxx_o what_o rule_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n to_o avoid_v this_o vice_n of_o ingratitude_n and_o how_o a_o general_n or_o great_a citizen_n be_v to_o demean_v himself_o to_o elude_v it_o to_o avoid_v the_o necessity_n of_o live_v always_o in_o suspicion_n and_o be_v ingrateful_a to_o his_o minister_n a_o prince_n ought_v to_o go_v personal_o with_o his_o army_n as_o be_v do_v at_o first_o by_o the_o emperor_n of_o rome_n as_o the_o great_a turk_n do_v now_o and_o as_o all_o they_o do_v and_o have_v do_v that_o be_v valiant_a and_o courageous_a for_o in_o so_o do_v the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o their_o victory_n accrue_v to_o themselves_o but_o where_o they_o be_v not_o present_a at_o their_o conquest_n themselves_o the_o honour_n redound_v upon_o their_o officer_n and_o they_o have_v not_o any_o complete_a enjoyment_n of_o their_o success_n till_o they_o have_v eclipse_v if_o not_o extinguish_v that_o glory_n in_o other_o people_n which_o they_o dare_v not_o venture_v for_o themselves_o so_o that_o their_o ingratitude_n and_o injustice_n to_o their_o officer_n do_v they_o more_o mischief_n than_o their_o conquest_n do_v they_o good_a but_o when_o out_o of_o negligence_n or_o imprudence_n they_o lie_v at_o home_n idle_a themselves_o and_o send_v their_o general_n in_o their_o stead_n know_v no_o better_a precept_n to_o give_v they_o than_o what_o they_o know_v already_o themselves_o as_o to_o the_o general_n if_o he_o find_v that_o jealousy_n inevitable_a he_o have_v his_o choice_n of_o two_o thing_n as_o soon_o as_o the_o war_n be_v end_v he_o be_v voluntary_o to_o lay_v
dispatch_v in_o a_o short_a time_n and_o whoever_o consider_v their_o war_n from_o the_o begin_n of_o rome_n to_o the_o siege_n of_o the_o veientes_n will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v determine_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n some_o in_o six_o some_o in_o ten_o and_o some_o in_o twenty_o day_n for_o their_o custom_n be_v upon_o the_o first_o appearance_n of_o a_o war_n immediate_o to_o draw_v out_o their_o army_n and_o seek_v out_o the_o enemy_n they_o do_v what_o they_o can_v to_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n have_v beat_v he_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o surprise_n the_o enemy_n that_o his_o country_n may_v not_o whole_o be_v harrass_v for_o the_o most_o part_n propose_v a_o agreement_n in_o which_o the_o roman_n be_v sure_a to_o insist_v upon_o some_o part_n of_o their_o territory_n which_o either_o they_o convert_v to_o their_o particular_a profit_n or_o consign_v to_o some_o colony_n which_o be_v to_o be_v place_v there_o for_o the_o security_n of_o their_o frontier_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o war_n be_v end_v in_o a_o short_a time_n their_o conquest_n be_v keep_v without_o any_o considerable_a expense_n for_o the_o colony_n have_v that_o country_n for_o their_o pay_n and_o the_o roman_n have_v their_o colony_n for_o their_o security_n nor_o can_v there_o be_v any_o way_n more_o advantageous_a and_o safe_a for_o whilst_o there_o be_v no_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n those_o guard_n be_v sufficient_a and_o when_o any_o army_n be_v set_v out_o to_o disturb_v they_o the_o roman_n be_v always_o ready_a with_o another_o in_o their_o defence_n and_o have_v fight_v they_o they_o common_o prevail_v force_v they_o to_o hard_a condition_n and_o return_v when_o they_o have_v do_v by_o which_o mean_n they_o gain_v daily_o upon_o the_o enemy_n and_o grow_v more_o powerful_a at_o home_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n they_o proceed_v till_o their_o leaguer_n before_o veii_n where_o they_o alter_v their_o method_n and_o allow_v pay_v to_o their_o soldier_n for_o the_o better_a continuation_n of_o the_o war_n whereas_o before_o that_o their_o war_n be_v short_a there_o be_v no_o necessity_n of_o pay_v their_o army_n nevertheless_o though_o they_o pay_v their_o soldier_n from_o that_o time_n and_o maintain_v war_n at_o great_a distance_n whereby_o they_o be_v oblige_v to_o continue_v long_o in_o the_o field_n yet_o they_o leave_v not_o their_o old_a custom_n of_o dispatch_v it_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o can_v with_o respect_n to_o the_o circumstance_n of_o place_n and_o time_n for_o which_o reason_n they_o continue_v their_o colony_n and_o beside_o their_o old_a custom_n of_o shorten_v their_o war_n as_o much_o as_o they_o be_v able_a the_o ambition_n of_o their_o consul_n contribute_v exceed_o for_o their_o consulship_n be_v but_o for_o a_o year_n and_o six_o month_n of_o that_o to_o be_v spend_v in_o their_o employment_n at_o home_n they_o be_v as_o diligent_a and_o vigorous_a as_o possible_a because_o they_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o triumph_v till_o the_o war_n be_v conclude_v and_o then_o for_o continue_v their_o colony_n the_o great_a advantage_n and_o convenience_n that_o result_v from_o they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prevail_v this_o practice_n therefore_o be_v observe_v perpetual_o among_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o management_n of_o their_o war_n only_o they_o vary_v something_o about_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o prey_n in_o which_o former_o they_o be_v more_o liberal_a than_o in_o aftertime_n either_o because_o they_o think_v it_o not_o so_o necessary_a when_o the_o soldier_n be_v pay_v or_o else_o because_o their_o spoil_n be_v great_a than_o before_o they_o think_v convenient_a that_o the_o public_a shall_v have_v its_o share_n that_o upon_o any_o new_a enterprise_n they_o may_v not_o be_v constrain_v to_o lay_v new_a tax_n upon_o the_o people_n and_o by_o this_o way_n their_o coffer_n be_v fill_v in_o a_o short_a time_n so_o that_o by_o these_o two_o way_n by_o the_o distribution_n of_o their_o prey_n and_o the_o settle_n of_o colony_n rome_n grow_v rich_a by_o its_o war_n whereas_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n without_o great_a discretion_n grow_v poor_a and_o so_o great_a be_v every_o man_n ambition_n of_o enrich_v the_o aerarium_fw-la that_o by_o degree_n it_o come_v to_o that_o pass_n no_o consul_n be_v permit_v to_o triumph_v unless_o he_o return_v with_o a_o vast_a quantity_n of_o silver_n or_o gold_n or_o some_o other_o inestimable_a commodity_n and_o put_v it_o into_o the_o treasury_n so_o that_o the_o design_n of_o the_o roman_n tend_v whole_o to_o this_o to_o finish_v the_o war_n quick_o by_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o a_o battle_n or_o else_o to_o harrass_n and_o tire_v they_o with_o frequent_a excursion_n that_o thereby_o compel_v they_o to_o dishonourable_a condition_n they_o may_v make_v their_o advantage_n and_o become_v more_o powerful_a and_o rich_a chap._n vii_o what_o proportion_n of_o land_n the_o roman_n allow_v to_o every_o man_n in_o their_o colony_n i_o think_v it_o no_o easy_a matter_n to_o set_v down_o the_o exact_a proportion_n of_o land_n which_o the_o roman_n assign_v to_o every_o single_a person_n in_o their_o colony_n for_o i_o believe_v they_o give_v more_o or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o barrenness_n or_o fertility_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o that_o in_o all_o place_n they_o be_v spare_v enough_o and_o the_o first_o reason_n that_o induce_v i_o be_v that_o thereby_o they_o may_v send_v more_o man_n and_o by_o consequence_n their_o frontier_n be_v better_a guard_v another_o be_v because_o live_v at_o home_n indigent_a themselves_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v suppose_v they_o will_v suffer_v those_o who_o they_o send_v abroad_o to_o grow_v too_o opulent_a and_o rich_a and_o in_o this_o i'am_n much_o confirm_v by_o livy_n where_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o upon_o the_o take_n of_o veii_n the_o roman_n send_v a_o colony_n thither_o and_o in_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o land_n allot_v every_o man_n no_o more_o than_o three_o acre_n and_o a_o little_a more_o according_a to_o our_o measure_n they_o may_v consider_v likewise_o that_o their_o want_n will_v not_o be_v supply_v by_o the_o quantity_n so_o much_o as_o the_o improvement_n and_o cultivation_n of_o their_o land_n yet_o i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o they_o have_v public_a pasture_n and_o wood_n to_o sustain_v their_o cattle_n and_o supply_v themselves_o with_o fire_v without_o which_o a_o colony_n can_v hardly_o subsist_v chap._n viii_o what_o it_o be_v that_o dispose_v some_o people_n to_o leave_v their_o native_a country_n to_o dispossess_v other_o people_n see_v i_o have_v speak_v already_o of_o the_o military_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o how_o the_o tuscan_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o french_a it_o follow_v proper_o enough_o that_o we_o say_v something_o of_o their_o several_a kind_n of_o war_n which_o be_v two_o one_o sort_n of_o commence_v upon_o the_o ambition_n of_o some_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n in_o hope_n to_o extend_v and_o enlarge_v his_o empire_n as_o those_o war_n which_o be_v make_v by_o alexander_n the_o great_a by_o the_o roman_n and_o by_o one_o prince_n against_o another_o which_o war_n though_o dangerous_a be_v not_o yet_o so_o pernicious_a as_o to_o supplant_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o drive_v they_o out_o of_o their_o country_n for_o the_o conqueror_n content_v himself_o with_o his_o victory_n and_o the_o submission_n of_o the_o people_n allow_v they_o their_o own_o law_n and_o many_o time_n their_o estate_n the_o other_o kind_n of_o war_n be_v much_o more_o dangerous_a and_o destructive_a and_o that_o be_v when_o a_o entire_a nation_n with_o their_o wife_n and_o their_o child_n compel_v either_o by_o hunger_n or_o war_n leave_v its_o own_o country_n to_o fix_v themselves_o somewhere_o else_o not_o to_o extend_v their_o dominion_n or_o exercise_v any_o authority_n as_o in_o the_o other_o but_o to_o kill_v or_o expel_v all_o the_o native_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o their_o estate_n this_o war_n indeed_o be_v most_o bloody_a and_o dreadful_a as_o sallust_n show_v very_o well_o in_o the_o end_n of_o his_o bellum_fw-la jugurthinum_fw-la where_o after_o jugurtha_n be_v beat_v speak_v of_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o gaul_n he_o tell_v we_o cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la gentibus_fw-la a_o populo_fw-la romano_n de_fw-la imperio_fw-la tantum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la dimicatum_fw-la cum_fw-la gallis_fw-la de_fw-la singulorum_fw-la hominum_fw-la salute_v with_o other_o nation_n the_o roman_n fight_v only_o for_o empire_n and_o dominion_n with_o the_o gaul_n they_o fight_v for_o their_o country_n and_o life_n for_o when_o a_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n invade_v a_o country_n according_a to_o the_o first_o way_n it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o those_o who_o be_v at_o the_o helm_n be_v remove_v or_o destroy_v in_o this_o every_o man_n life_n be_v in_o danger_n for_o when_o a_o whole_a nation_n transplant_v and_o invade_v a_o new_a province_n not_o
their_o liberty_n with_o it_o and_o turn_v subject_n to_o the_o latin_n livy_n tell_v we_o the_o same_o thing_n for_o say_v he_o the_o latin_a army_n be_v in_o nothing_o inferior_a to_o the_o roman_n their_o courage_n the_o same_o their_o constancy_n the_o same_o and_o their_o number_n the_o same_o if_o the_o roman_n have_v any_o advantage_n it_o be_v in_o their_o general_n which_o indeed_o be_v better_o than_o the_o latin_n and_o it_o be_v express_v by_o several_a both_o latin_n and_o roman_n who_o have_v leave_v a_o account_n of_o that_o battle_n to_o posterity_n that_o wherever_o manlius_n have_v be_v that_o side_n will_v certain_o have_v conquer_v in_o this_o battle_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n very_o exemplary_a and_o remarkable_a one_o of_o the_o consul_n to_o keep_v his_o soldier_n firm_a in_o their_o obedience_n and_o preserve_v their_o military_a discipline_n cause_v his_o own_o son_n to_o be_v slay_v for_o transgress_v his_o order_n though_o he_o gain_v the_o victory_n by_o the_o mean_n the_o other_o devote_a himself_o free_o to_o death_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o country_n for_o the_o dispute_n be_v like_a to_o be_v very_o hard_a fight_v against_o the_o latin_n who_o as_o livy_n tell_v we_o have_v the_o same_o language_n the_o same_o custom_n the_o same_o arm_n the_o same_o discipline_n with_o the_o roman_n the_o soldier_n the_o captain_n the_o tribunes_z both_o in_o one_o army_n and_o the_o other_o have_v be_v comerade_n and_o serve_v former_o together_o not_o only_o in_o the_o same_o army_n or_o garrison_n but_o in_o the_o same_o company_n and_o band._n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o be_v equal_a in_o their_o number_n and_o equal_a in_o their_o courage_n that_o something_o extraordinary_a shall_v be_v do_v that_o may_v render_v the_o soldier_n fierce_a and_o more_o obstinate_a to_o overcome_v upon_o which_o fierceness_n and_o obstinacy_n the_o whole_a hope_n of_o the_o victory_n do_v depend_v for_o whilst_o there_o be_v any_o such_o in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o soldier_n they_o never_o think_v of_o run_v but_o press_v still_o on_o for_o victory_n and_o prize_n and_o because_o there_o be_v more_o of_o this_o constancy_n and_o fortitude_n in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o roman_n than_o in_o the_o breast_n of_o the_o latin_n partly_o the_o destiny_n and_o partly_o the_o bravery_n of_o the_o consul_n effect_v that_o for_o the_o good_a success_n of_o their_o army_n and_o the_o preservation_n of_o their_o discipline_n torquatus_n kill_v his_o son_n and_o decius_z himself_z titus_n livius_n in_o his_o description_n of_o the_o equality_n of_o their_o force_n give_v we_o a_o exact_a account_n of_o the_o order_n which_o they_o observe_v in_o their_o army_n and_o fight_v and_o he_o have_v do_v it_o so_o large_o i_o need_v not_o repeat_v it_o all_o but_o shall_v only_o select_v what_o i_o think_v most_o particular_o remarkable_a and_o what_o if_o observe_v by_o the_o general_n of_o our_o day_n may_v have_v prevent_v very_o great_a disorder_n i_o say_v then_o that_o according_a to_o livy_n description_n their_o army_n be_v divide_v into_o three_o principal_a schieri_n or_o squadron_n the_o first_o consist_v of_o their_o hastati_fw-la which_o be_v most_o of_o they_o young_a man_n in_o the_o flower_n of_o their_o age_n digest_v into_o manipuli_fw-la or_o small_a party_n and_o dispose_v at_o a_o certain_a distance_n with_o pike_n or_o dart_n in_o their_o hand_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v hastati_fw-la the_o second_o squadron_n be_v as_o numerous_a as_o the_o first_o and_o divide_v into_o as_o many_o manipuli_fw-la but_o their_o distance_n be_v something_o great_a and_o it_o consist_v of_o choice_a man_n from_o whence_o they_o be_v call_v principes_fw-la the_o three_o and_o last_o squadron_n be_v the_o big_a of_o the_o three_o and_o have_v almost_o as_o many_o in_o it_o as_o both_o the_o other_o and_o this_o be_v make_v up_o of_o the_o ancient_a and_o most_o experience_a soldier_n who_o they_o call_v triarii_n they_o too_o have_v their_o certain_a distance_n but_o something_o great_a than_o in_o either_o of_o the_o other_o in_o their_o battle_n the_o hastati_fw-la be_v in_o the_o van_n the_o principes_fw-la behind_o they_o and_o the_o triarii_n in_o the_o rear_n to_o every_o one_o of_o these_o squadron_n there_o be_v a_o body_n of_o horse_n which_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o two_o division_n and_o dispose_v one_o of_o the_o right_n and_o the_o other_o on_o the_o left_a hand_n of_o the_o army_n represent_v two_o wing_n and_o be_v therefore_o call_v ala._n these_o three_o squadron_n precede_v and_o follow_v one_o another_o exact_o but_o the_o hastati_fw-la in_o the_o first_o squadron_n be_v draw_v up_o close_o that_o be_v to_o receive_v the_o first_o impetus_fw-la of_o the_o enemy_n they_o may_v endure_v it_o the_o better_a the_o principes_fw-la that_o follow_v they_o be_v not_o in_o such_o close_a order_n but_o be_v dispose_v at_o more_o distance_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o the_o 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farewell_o there_o be_v no_o more_o reserve_v but_o the_o battle_n be_v lose_v and_o because_o whenever_o the_o triarii_n be_v engage_v the_o whole_a army_n be_v in_o â—â—nger_n this_o proverb_n grow_v very_o frequent_a res_fw-la reducta_fw-la est_fw-la ad_fw-la triarios_fw-la thing_n be_v now_o at_o the_o extremity_n the_o general_n of_o our_o time_n have_v lay_v aside_o all_o the_o old_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n have_v neglect_v this_o among_o the_o rest_n to_z their_z no_o little_a prejudice_n for_o he_o that_o draw_v up_o his_o army_n in_o a_o posture_n with_o two_o such_o reserve_v must_v be_v beat_v three_o time_n before_o he_o can_v be_v utter_o defeat_v whereas_o once_o beat_v will_v do_v the_o enemy_n business_n but_o he_o that_o trust_v only_o to_o the_o first_o shock_n as_o the_o christian_a army_n do_v general_o now_o may_v easy_o be_v break_v the_o least_o disorder_n or_o relaxation_n of_o courage_n put_v all_o to_o the_o rout_n and_o that_o which_o be_v the_o 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be_v straighten_v for_o room_n they_o be_v force_v to_o be_v content_v and_o draw_v up_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v for_o there_o be_v no_o remedy_n they_o be_v subject_a likewise_o to_o the_o same_o disorder_n in_o their_o march_n and_o incursion_n into_o the_o enemy_n country_n whether_o to_o forage_v or_o upon_o some_o other_o design_n in_o the_o war_n betwixt_o the_o florentine_n and_o pisans_n upon_o their_o rebellion_n after_o the_o king_n of_o france_n passage_n into_o italy_n come_v to_o a_o battle_n at_o santo_n regolo_n the_o florentine_n be_v defeat_v by_o their_o own_o horse_n which_o be_v draw_v up_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o army_n and_o charge_v smart_o by_o the_o enemy_n be_v put_v into_o disorder_n and_o force_v to_o fall_v foul_a upon_o their_o foot_n which_o break_v the_o whole_a army_n and_o i_o have_v be_v many_o time_n assure_v by_o mounseur_fw-fr griacus_fw-la de_fw-fr burgo_n a_o old_a officer_n of_o foot_n in_o the_o florentine_a army_n that_o their_o 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run_v the_o risk_a of_o one_o shock_n and_o no_o more_o and_o because_o some_o people_n to_o excuse_v their_o ignorance_n pretend_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o cannon_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o old_a order_n i_o shall_v examine_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n whether_o that_o can_v be_v a_o just_a impediment_n or_o not_o chap._n xvii_o how_o the_o army_n of_o our_o time_n be_v to_o judge_v of_o artillery_n and_o whether_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o it_o be_v true_a when_o i_o consider_v with_o myself_o how_o many_o field_n battle_n be_v fight_v by_o the_o roman_n in_o several_a time_n it_o fall_v into_o my_o thought_n to_o examine_v what_o many_o people_n have_v believe_v that_o have_v there_o be_v great_a gun_n in_o those_o day_n as_o there_o be_v now_o the_o roman_n can_v never_o have_v overrun_v province_n nor_o make_v they_o tributary_n so_o easy_o nor_o have_v do_v so_o many_o great_a thing_n as_o they_o do_v for_o by_o reason_n of_o these_o fire-arm_n granade_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o engine_n people_n be_v soon_o terrify_v and_o can_v show_v their_o valour_n so_o free_o as_o heretofore_o to_o which_o it_o be_v add_v that_o army_n come_v with_o more_o difficulty_n to_o a_o battle_n and_o that_o their_o order_n and_o rank_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o keep_v so_o that_o in_o time_n the_o whole_a business_n of_o war_n will_v be_v dispatch_v by_o the_o cannon_n not_o think_v it_o improper_a to_o inquire_v into_o these_o opinion_n to_o examine_v whether_o artillery_n have_v add_v or_o substract_v from_o the_o strength_n of_o our_o army_n and_o take_v away_o or_o give_v more_o occasion_n to_o our_o captain_n of_o do_v brave_a thing_n i_o shall_v begin_v with_o their_o first_o opinion_n that_o the_o roman_n will_v not_o have_v make_v those_o vast_a conquest_n have_v there_o be_v artillery_n in_o those_o day_n in_o answer_n i_o say_v that_o war_n be_v twofold_a defensive_a or_o offensive_a and_o it_o be_v first_o to_o be_v consider_v which_o of_o these_o two_o war_n it_o do_v most_o mischief_n or_o good_a and_o though_o it_o may_v be_v say_v it_o do_v great_a mischief_n in_o both_o yet_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n it_o be_v much_o more_o prejudicial_a to_o he_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o defensive_a than_o he_o that_o be_v upon_o the_o offensive_a part_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o he_o who_o defend_v himself_o be_v either_o block_v up_o in_o some_o town_n or_o straighten_v in_o his_o camp_n if_o in_o a_o town_n it_o be_v either_o small_a like_o your_o citadel_n or_o large_a in_o the_o first_o case_n the_o besiege_a be_v lose_v for_o the_o force_n of_o those_o gun_n be_v such_o that_o no_o wall_n be_v so_o thick_a but_o in_o a_o few_o day_n they_o will_v beat_v it_o down_o so_o that_o if_o he_o have_v no_o retreat_n nor_o time_n to_o stop_v up_o the_o breach_n or_o throw_v up_o new_a work_n within_o the_o enemy_n enter_v pell_o mell_o at_o the_o breach_n and_o the_o cannon_n of_o the_o town_n do_v the_o garrison_n very_o little_a good_a for_o this_o be_v a_o maxim_n where_o people_n can_v fall_v on_o in_o a_o crowd_n and_o run_v headlong_o in_o their_o fury_n to_o a_o storm_n great_a gun_n do_v never_o repel_v they_o wherefore_o the_o fierce_a assault_n of_o the_o tramontani_n be_v not_o so_o easy_o sustain_v as_o the_o attack_n of_o the_o italian_n who_o fall_v not_o on_o with_o that_o fury_n and_o impatience_n as_o the_o other_o but_o march_v up_o cool_o and_o quiet_o to_o the_o battle_n and_o do_v rather_o skirmish_v than_o storm_n those_o who_o enter_v a_o breach_n in_o this_o gravity_n and_o state_n be_v sure_a to_o go_v to_o pot_n for_o the_o artillery_n do_v certain_a execution_n upon_o they_o but_o those_o who_o fall_v on_o brisk_o and_o crowd_v one_o another_o into_o the_o breach_n if_o there_o be_v no_o new_a work_n or_o retrenchment_n throw_v up_o within_o enter_v as_o they_o please_v without_o any_o great_a prejudice_n by_o the_o cannon_n for_o though_o some_o of_o they_o may_v be_v kill_v yet_o they_o can_v be_v so_o many_o as_o to_o hinder_v the_o take_n of_o the_o town_n that_o this_o be_v true_a we_o find_v by_o many_o instance_n in_o italy_n and_o among_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o siege_n of_o brescia_n the_o town_n revolt_v to_o the_o venetian_n only_o the_o castle_n stand_v firm_a for_o the_o french_a that_o the_o town_n may_v receive_v no_o prejudice_n from_o the_o castle_n the_o venetian_n fortify_v the_o great_a street_n that_o come_v down_o from_o the_o castle_n with_o great_a gun_n in_o the_o front_n flank_n and_o every_o where_o so_o that_o they_o think_v themselves_o secure_v not_o only_o from_o sally_n within_o but_o from_o relief_n without_o but_o mounseur_fw-fr de_fw-fr foix_n make_v no_o reckon_n of_o they_o for_o march_v thither_o with_o a_o body_n of_o horse_n he_o alight_v and_o charge_v bold_o through_o the_o say_a street_n relieve_v the_o castle_n without_o any_o considerable_a loss_n so_o that_o he_o who_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o small_a place_n his_o wall_n batter_v down_o and_o have_v nothing_o leave_v but_o his_o artillery_n to_o defend_v he_o be_v in_o very_o great_a danger_n and_o can_v hardly_o escape_v if_o the_o place_n you_o defend_v be_v a_o large_a town_n where_o you_o have_v room_n enough_o to_o retire_v and_o throw_v up_o new_a work_n yet_o your_o disadvantage_n be_v great_a and_o the_o enemy_n great_a gun_n shall_v do_v more_o mischief_n upon_o you_o than_o you_o upon_o he_o for_o first_o you_o must_v be_v force_v to_o advance_v your_o cannon_n and_o raise_v they_o to_o some_o high_a place_n for_o whilst_o they_o be_v level_v with_o the_o ground_n every_o blind_a or_o small_a work_n that_o the_o enemy_n throw_v up_o be_v sufficient_a to_o secure_v he_o and_o be_v force_v to_o plant_v they_o high_o either_o upon_o the_o top_n of_o some_o wall_n or_o church_n or_o mount_v erect_v on_o purpose_n you_o fall_v under_o two_o inconvenience_n one_o be_v that_o you_o can_v bring_v such_o large_a gun_n upon_o those_o place_n as_o he_o can_v bring_v without_o because_o in_o those_o little_a place_n great_a gun_n be_v not_o to_o be_v manage_v the_o other_o be_v that_o if_o you_o can_v get_v they_o up_o they_o can_v be_v so_o easy_o secure_v because_o they_o can_v have_v the_o convenience_n of_o work_n or_o basket_n to_o defend_v they_o as_o the_o enemy_n have_v who_o gun_n be_v plant_v as_o he_o please_v so_o that_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a for_o he_o that_o be_v besiege_v to_o keep_v his_o cannon_n long_o upon_o a_o high_a place_n without_o be_v dismount_v if_o the_o enemy_n without_o have_v any_o store_n of_o artillery_n and_o to_o keep_v they_o upon_o the_o ground_n be_v to_o have_v little_a or_o no_o use_n of_o
the_o principal_a care_n in_o a_o officer_n that_o neither_o himself_n nor_o his_o soldier_n do_v incense_n and_o exasperate_v his_o enemy_n by_o ill_a language_n for_o that_o make_v he_o but_o the_o more_o so_o do_v not_o at_o all_o hinder_v he_o from_o revenge_v himself_o but_o do_v the_o author_n more_o mischief_n than_o the_o enemy_n and_o of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o notable_a example_n in_o asia_n gabades_n the_o persian_a general_n have_v besiege_v amida_n a_o long_a time_n without_o any_o considerable_a progress_n weary_a of_o the_o tediousness_n of_o the_o leaguer_n and_o hopeless_a of_o success_n he_o resolve_v to_o draw_v off_o and_o be_v go_v but_o as_o he_o be_v raise_v his_o camp_n the_o garrison_n perceive_v it_o get_v all_o upon_o the_o wall_n and_o with_o the_o base_a and_o most_o provoke_a circumstance_n imaginable_a upbraid_v they_o with_o cowardice_n which_o nettle_v gabede_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o he_o change_v his_o counsel_n sit_v down_o again_o and_o ply_v it_o with_o that_o industry_n and_o indignation_n that_o he_o take_v it_o in_o few_o day_n and_o give_v it_o up_o to_o the_o fury_n of_o the_o soldier_n the_o same_o thing_n happen_v to_o the_o veienti_fw-la as_o i_o say_v before_o who_o not_o content_v themselves_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n go_v up_o under_o their_o very_a nose_n to_o reproach_v they_o and_o what_o follow_v they_o irritate_v they_o so_o that_o they_o settle_v the_o courage_n and_o unite_v the_o animosity_n of_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o put_v they_o into_o so_o high_a a_o sit_v of_o impatience_n that_o they_o force_v the_o consul_n to_o a_o battle_n in_o which_o the_o veientes_n receive_v the_o reward_n of_o their_o contumacy_n he_o therefore_o who_o be_v general_n of_o a_o army_n or_o governor_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n and_o command_n or_o govern_v discreet_o â—hkes_v particular_a care_n that_o such_o ill_a language_n be_v not_o use_v either_o in_o the_o city_n or_o army_n to_o one_o another_o nor_o to_o the_o enemy_n for_o to_o a_o enemy_n they_o make_v he_o but_o worse_a unless_o such_o remedy_n be_v apply_v as_o be_v practise_v by_o wise_a man_n the_o roman_n have_v leave_v two_o of_o their_o legion_n at_o capova_n they_o conspire_v against_o the_o capovans_n as_o shall_v be_v describe_v more_o large_o hereafter_o which_o occasion_v a_o great_a sedition_n but_o it_o be_v afterward_o appease_v by_o valerius_n corvinus_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n necessary_a in_o that_o juncture_n a_o act_n of_o oblivion_n be_v pass_v with_o great_a penalty_n to_o any_o man_n that_o shall_v upbraid_v any_o of_o the_o soldier_n by_o their_o sedition_n tiberius_n grachus_n have_v the_o command_n of_o a_o certain_a number_n of_o servant_n in_o the_o time_n of_o hanibal_n war_n which_o the_o scarcity_n of_o man_n have_v force_v the_o roman_n to_o arm_n make_v it_o no_o less_o than_o death_n for_o any_o man_n to_o reproach_v they_o by_o their_o servitude_n so_o mindful_a be_v the_o roman_a officer_n always_o of_o prevent_v such_o exprobration_n as_o know_v that_o nothing_o provoke_v and_o incense_v a_o man_n so_o high_o as_o to_o have_v his_o imperfection_n rip_v up_o whether_o in_o earnest_n or_o in_o jest_n it_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n nam_fw-la facetiae_fw-la asperae_fw-la quando_fw-la nimium_fw-la ex_fw-la vero_fw-la traxere_fw-la acrem_fw-la svi_fw-la memoriam_fw-la relinquunt_fw-la for_o bite_v raillery_n especial_o with_o a_o tincture_n of_o truth_n leave_v a_o ill_a impression_n upon_o the_o memory_n chap._n xxvii_o wise_a prince_n and_o well_o govern_v state_n ought_v to_o be_v content_v with_o victory_n for_o many_o time_n whilst_o they_o think_v to_o push_v thing_n forward_o they_o lose_v all_o that_o we_o use_v our_o enemy_n with_o rude_a and_o dishonourable_a language_n proceed_v either_o from_o insolence_n upon_o some_o victory_n past_a or_o extraordinary_a confidence_n of_o obtain_v it_o which_o be_v false_a perplex_v our_o understanding_n and_o make_v we_o err_v not_o only_o in_o our_o word_n but_o our_o action_n for_o from_o the_o time_n that_o error_n seize_v upon_o our_o judgement_n it_o make_v we_o many_o time_n lose_v the_o occasion_n of_o a_o certain_a good_a in_o hope_n of_o a_o better_a that_o be_v but_o uncertain_a which_o be_v a_o point_n not_o unworthy_a our_o consideration_n see_v thereby_o our_o reason_n be_v disturb_v and_o our_o state_n many_o time_n bring_v in_o danger_n of_o ruin_n and_o this_o i_o shall_v demonstrate_v by_o example_n both_o ancient_a and_o modern_a because_o argument_n can_v do_v it_o so_o distinct_o hannibal_n after_o he_o have_v defeat_v the_o roman_n at_o cannae_n send_v messenger_n to_o carthage_n with_o the_o news_n of_o his_o victory_n and_o to_o desire_v supply_n the_o senate_n be_v a_o long_a time_n in_o counsel_n what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v anon_o a_o grave_n and_o solid_a citizen_n be_v present_a advise_v they_o to_o make_v wise_a use_n of_o their_o victory_n and_o think_v of_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o roman_n which_o they_o may_v do_v upon_o better_a condition_n now_o they_o be_v conqueror_n than_o they_o be_v in_o reason_n to_o expect_v upon_o any_o disaster_n that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v satisfy_v the_o whole_a world_n that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o balance_v the_o roman_n for_o they_o have_v fight_v with_o they_o and_o beat_v they_o and_o have_v go_v so_o far_o with_o honour_n and_o success_n they_o ought_v not_o at_o least_o in_o his_o judgement_n expose_v what_o they_o have_v get_v and_o by_o hope_v for_o more_o run_v a_o hazard_n of_o lose_v all_o but_o this_o counsel_n be_v not_o follow_v though_o afterward_o when_o too_o late_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v the_o better_a alexander_n the_o great_a have_v conquer_v all_o the_o east_n when_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o tyre_n a_o great_a town_n situate_a like_o venice_n in_o the_o water_n amaze_v at_o the_o grandeur_n of_o alexander_n send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o to_o offer_v he_o their_o obedience_n 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future_a shall_v be_v treat_v the_o same_o way_n and_o thus_o they_o prevent_v all_o proposition_n of_o peace_n and_o render_v their_o soldier_n obstinate_a and_o implacable_a to_o the_o carthaginian_n chap._n xxxiii_o to_o the_o obtain_v a_o victory_n it_o be_v necessary_a your_o army_n have_v a_o confidence_n not_o only_o in_o one_o another_o but_o in_o their_o general_n to_o win_v a_o battle_n and_o overcome_v a_o enemy_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o give_v your_o army_n such_o a_o confidence_n as_o may_v make_v they_o believe_v that_o nothing_o be_v able_a to_o withstand_v they_o and_o the_o way_n of_o infuse_v this_o confidence_n be_v by_o arm_v and_o exercise_v they_o well_o and_o give_v they_o a_o knowledge_n and_o acquaintance_n one_o with_o the_o other_o which_o confidence_n and_o acquaintance_n be_v not_o to_o be_v expect_v but_o where_o your_o soldier_n be_v your_o own_o subject_n and_o have_v be_v bring_v up_o together_o the_o general_n be_v to_o be_v so_o qualify_v that_o 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enim_fw-la interest_n si_fw-la pulli_fw-la non_fw-la pascentur_fw-la si_fw-la ex_fw-la cavea_fw-la tardirt_n exierint_fw-la succinuerit_fw-la avis_fw-fr parvasunt_fw-la haec_fw-la sed_fw-la parvaista_fw-la non_fw-la contemnendo_fw-la majores_fw-la nostri_fw-la maximam_fw-la hanc_fw-la rempublicam_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la let_v they_o laugh_v at_o religion_n as_o they_o please_v and_o cry_v what_o be_v we_o concern_v if_o the_o pullet_n will_v eat_v if_o they_o come_v lazy_o out_o of_o their_o penn_n or_o if_o a_o bird_n be_v dispose_v to_o sing_v it_o be_v true_a they_o be_v but_o trifle_n yet_o by_o not_o despise_v those_o trifle_n our_o ancestor_n bring_v this_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o grandeur_n it_o be_v at_o and_o it_o be_v true_a for_o those_o little_a thing_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v the_o soldier_n confident_a and_o unite_a which_o be_v two_o thing_n go_v very_o far_o in_o a_o victory_n though_o without_o virture_n and_o valour_n they_o be_v not_o always_o successful_a the_o prenestini_n be_v in_o the_o field_n with_o their_o army_n against_o the_o roman_n they_o go_v and_o lodge_v themselves_o upon_o the_o river_n allia_n in_o a_o place_n where_o the_o roman_n have_v be_v beat_v by_o the_o french_a that_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o place_n may_v be_v a_o encouragement_n to_o their_o own_o man_n and_o a_o terror_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o though_o this_o design_n be_v not_o improbable_a for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a yet_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o success_n that_o true_a courage_n be_v not_o disturb_v by_o every_o little_a accident_n as_o be_v well_o express_v by_o the_o dictator_n to_o his_o master_n of_o the_o house_n vides_fw-la tu_fw-la fortuna_fw-la illos_fw-la fretos_fw-la ad_fw-la alliam_fw-la consedisse_fw-la at_o tu_fw-la fretus_fw-la armis_fw-la animisque_fw-la invade_v mediam_fw-la acien_fw-fr you_o see_v by_o their_o post_a themselves_o upon_o the_o allia_n they_o rely_v whole_o upon_o fortune_n do_v you_o trust_v to_o your_o arm_n end_v your_o courage_n and_o attack_v their_o main_a battle_n and_o he_o be_v in_o the_o right_a for_o true_a courage_n good_a discipline_n and_o a_o confidence_n arise_v from_o so_o many_o victory_n can_v be_v discompose_v by_o such_o frivolous_a stratagem_n light_a thing_n will_v not_o dismay_v they_o nor_o every_o disorder_n distract_v they_o for_o even_o in_o the_o absence_n of_o their_o officer_n soldiers_z that_o be_v expert_a and_o accustom_v to_o arm_n be_v not_o easy_o beat_v as_o appear_v by_o the_o two_o manlii_n both_o consul_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o volsci_n who_o have_v indiscreet_o send_v part_n of_o their_o army_n to_o forage_v it_o fall_v out_o that_o both_o the_o command_v party_n and_o those_o which_o be_v leave_v behind_o be_v encompass_v by_o the_o enemy_n and_o as_o it_o be_v besiege_v both_o at_o a_o time_n out_o of_o which_o danger_n the_o soldier_n be_v deliver_v more_o by_o their_o own_o courage_n than_o any_o conduct_n in_o the_o consul_n whereupon_o livy_n tell_v we_o militum_fw-la etiam_fw-la sine_fw-la rectore_fw-la stabilis_fw-la virtus_fw-la tutata_fw-la est_fw-la the_o steadfast_a courage_n of_o the_o soldier_n defend_v they_o without_o any_o help_n from_o their_o general_n fabius_n have_v likewise_o a_o excellent_a way_n to_o confirm_v his_o soldier_n and_o possess_v they_o with_o a_o confidence_n which_o i_o can_v omit_v have_v invade_v tuscany_n with_o a_o new_a army_n suppose_v the_o novelty_n of_o the_o country_n and_o their_o inexperience_n of_o that_o enemy_n may_v have_v some_o influence_n among_o they_o to_o give_v they_o a_o confidence_n he_o call_v they_o together_o before_o the_o battle_n and_o have_v in_o a_o grave_a oration_n give_v several_a reason_n why_o they_o may_v hope_v for_o the_o victory_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o have_v another_o reason_n behind_o more_o certain_a than_o all_o of_o they_o but_o in_o that_o he_o must_v be_v private_a for_o to_o discover_v it_o will_v be_v to_o defeat_v it_o a_o wise_a way_n and_o deserve_v well_o to_o be_v imitate_v chap._n xxxiv_o what_o vogue_n fame_n or_o opinion_n dispose_v the_o people_n first_o to_o favour_v some_o particular_a citizen_n and_o whether_o they_o or_o a_o prince_n distribute_v their_o office_n with_o most_o prudence_n and_o judgement_n we_o have_v show_v before_o how_o titus_n manlius_n call_v afterward_o torquatus_n preserve_v his_o father_n l._n manlius_n from_o a_o accusation_n which_o pomponius_n the_o tribune_n have_v exhibit_v against_o he_o to_o the_o people_n and_o although_o the_o way_n which_o he_o take_v to_o preserve_v he_o be_v violent_a and_o irregular_a yet_o his_o filial_a affection_n to_o his_o father_n be_v so_o grateful_a to_o the_o people_n that_o they_o not_o only_o not_o reprehend_v he_o for_o what_o he_o have_v do_v but_o advance_v he_o to_o honour_n for_o be_v not_o long_o after_o to_o choose_v tribune_n for_o their_o legion_n t._n manlius_n be_v the_o second_o that_o be_v make_v and_o here_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o consider_v the_o way_n which_o the_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n take_v in_o the_o distribution_n of_o their_o honour_n and_o election_n of_o magistrate_n and_o to_o inquire_v into_o the_o truth_n of_o what_o i_o assert_v before_o that_o the_o distribution_n of_o the_o people_n be_v better_o and_o more_o exact_a than_o the_o distribution_n of_o a_o prince_n for_o the_o people_n follow_v the_o common_a and_o public_a character_n of_o every_o man_n unless_o by_o some_o particular_a notion_n of_o his_o action_n they_o presume_v or_o believe_v otherwise_o there_o be_v three_o way_n by_o which_o a_o man_n may_v gain_v esteem_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o people_n the_o first_o be_v by_o extraction_n when_o the_o parent_n have_v be_v great_a man_n and_o serviceable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o people_n take_v a_o fancy_n that_o their_o child_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v the_o same_o until_o by_o some_o ill_a act_n they_o convince_v they_o of_o the_o contrary_n the_o second_o way_n be_v to_o associate_v with_o grave_a
ever_o read_v and_o consider_v the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o those_o nation_n they_o will_v never_o have_v be_v so_o often_o overreach_v see_v they_o have_v be_v always_o alike_o and_o use_v the_o same_o practice_n in_o all_o place_n with_o all_o people_n thus_o they_o serve_v the_o tuscan_n of_o old_a who_o have_v be_v many_o time_n overpower_a and_o rout_v and_o disperse_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o find_v their_o own_o force_n unable_a to_o defend_v they_o they_o article_v with_o the_o french_a on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o alps_o to_o give_v they_o a_o sum_n of_o money_n for_o which_o the_o french_a be_v to_o join_v their_o force_n with_o the_o tuscap_n and_o march_v with_o they_o against_o the_o roman_n but_o when_o the_o french_a have_v get_v their_o money_n they_o refuse_v to_o perform_v the_o condition_n on_o their_o part_n allege_v that_o they_o receive_v it_o not_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o roman_n but_o to_o forbear_v infest_v they_o themselves_o by_o which_o infidelity_n and_o avarice_n in_o the_o french_a the_o poor_a tuscan_n be_v at_o once_o defeat_v both_o of_o their_o money_n and_o assistance_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v conclude_v that_o the_o tuscan_n be_v former_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n as_o now_o and_o especial_o the_o florentine_n and_o the_o french_a and_o other_o foreign_a nation_n have_v always_o the_o same_o inclination_n to_o deceive_v they_o chap._n xliv_o confidence_n and_o boldness_n do_v many_o time_n obtain_v that_o which_o will_v never_o be_v compass_v by_o ordinary_a mean_n the_o samnite_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o their_o army_n so_o weak_a it_o dare_v not_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o field_n whereupon_o it_o be_v resolve_v that_o all_o their_o garrison_n shall_v be_v reinforce_v and_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o troop_n they_o shall_v pass_v into_o tuscany_n which_o be_v then_o at_o peace_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o try_v if_o they_o can_v tempt_v they_o to_o take_v up_o arm_n and_o break_v their_o peace_n and_o in_o the_o harangue_n which_o be_v make_v by_o the_o samnite_n to_o the_o tuscan_n to_o remonstrate_v upon_o what_o occasion_n they_o have_v take_v up_o arm_n themselves_o they_o have_v this_o expression_n rebellasse_n quod_fw-la pax_fw-la servientibus_fw-la gravior_n quam_fw-la liberis_fw-la bellum_fw-la they_o have_v rebel_v because_o peace_n be_v more_o insupportable_a in_o servitude_n than_o war_n to_o man_n that_o be_v free_a and_o so_o partly_o by_o persuasion_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o presence_n of_o their_o army_n they_o prevail_v with_o they_o to_o take_v arm_n against_o the_o roman_n which_o they_o have_v refuse_v to_o their_o ambassador_n before_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o when_o a_o prince_n desire_v to_o obtain_v any_o thing_n of_o another_o if_o occasion_n permit_v he_o ought_v not_o to_o give_v he_o time_n to_o consider_v but_o be_v to_o act_v so_o as_o he_o may_v see_v a_o necessity_n upon_o he_o of_o resolve_v immediate_o and_o this_o 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venetian_a and_o pope_n in_o who_o hand_n he_o have_v likewise_o a_o son_n at_o that_o time_n all_o which_o have_v he_o have_v time_n to_o have_v consider_v will_v have_v be_v very_o laudable_a reason_n to_o have_v deny_v it_o but_o be_v press_v of_o a_o sudden_a he_o send_v they_o as_o be_v say_v before_o just_o so_o it_o be_v betwixt_o the_o tuscan_n and_o the_o samnite_n the_o presence_n of_o the_o samnian_a army_n have_v force_v they_o to_o take_v arm_n which_o they_o have_v refuse_v before_o and_o have_v scarce_o do_v then_o have_v they_o have_v liberty_n to_o have_v advise_v chap._n xlv_o whether_o in_o a_o battle_n it_o be_v best_o to_o give_v or_o receive_v the_o charge_n devius_fw-la and_o fabius_n two_o roman_a consul_n be_v in_o the_o field_n with_o two_o army_n against_o the_o samnite_n and_o tuscan_n and_o be_v come_v to_o a_o battle_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o they_o take_v two_o several_a way_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o fight_n and_o it_o be_v worth_a our_o 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live_v than_o his_o colleague_n shall_v do_v by_o his_o death_n he_o advance_v with_o his_o reserve_v and_o charge_v the_o enemy_n so_o brisk_o that_o he_o overthrow_v they_o and_o gain_v a_o happy_a and_o most_o memorable_a victory_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o way_n of_o fabius_n be_v more_o imitable_a and_o secure_a chap._n xlvi_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o a_o city_n the_o same_o family_n retain_v the_o same_o manner_n and_o custom_n a_o long_a time_n it_o appear_v that_o not_o only_o one_o city_n have_v its_o manner_n and_o institution_n different_a and_o produce_v man_n more_o austere_a or_o effeminate_a than_o the_o rest_n but_o in_o the_o same_o city_n family_n be_v frequent_o find_v to_o have_v the_o same_o difference_n of_o this_o there_o be_v multitude_n of_o example_n and_o particular_o
you_o the_o way_n of_o order_v a_o battle_n or_o army_n you_o may_v not_o find_v yourself_o confound_v i_o say_v therefore_o that_o a_o king_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v to_o order_v his_o subject_n which_o he_o design_n for_o the_o war_n with_o these_o arm_n and_o into_o these_o division_n and_o raise_v as_o many_o battalion_n as_o his_o country_n will_v afford_v and_o when_o he_o have_v dispose_v they_o so_o be_v to_o exercise_v they_o in_o order_n he_o be_v to_o exercise_v they_o in_o their_o several_a division_n and_o although_o the_o number_n of_o each_o of_o they_o can_v bear_v the_o form_n of_o a_o just_a army_n yet_o thereby_o every_o man_n may_v learn_v what_o belong_v to_o his_o own_o duty_n because_o in_o army_n there_o be_v two_o order_n observe_v one_o what_o man_n be_v to_o do_v in_o every_o battle_n or_o division_n distinct_o and_o the_o other_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v when_o unite_a with_o the_o rest_n and_o those_o man_n who_o know_v the_o first_o well_o will_v 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they_o fabr._n though_o i_o tell_v you_o former_o that_o in_o the_o macedonian_a phalanx_n six_o rank_n of_o pike_n can_v charge_v at_o one_o time_n yet_o you_o must_v understand_v that_o if_o a_o battalion_n of_o swisser_n shall_v consist_v of_o a_o thousand_o rank_n there_o can_v charge_v at_o once_o not_o above_o four_o or_o five_o at_o the_o most_o because_o their_o pike_n be_v nine_o yard_n long_o a_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a be_v take_v up_o betwixt_o their_o hand_n so_o that_o in_o the_o first_o rank_n they_o have_v free_a seven_o yard_n and_o a_o half_a in_o the_o second_o rank_n beside_o what_o be_v take_v up_o betwixt_o their_o hand_n a_o yard_n and_o half_n be_v consume_v betwixt_o
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worse_o than_o it_o be_v keep_v upon_o his_o guard_n within_o his_o camp_n and_o suffer_v he_o to_o pass_v chap._n xii_o how_o a_o man_n may_v make_v a_o prince_n favourite_n suspect_v and_o divide_v his_o force_n a_o general_n above_o all_o thing_n be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o divide_v the_o enemy_n force_n either_o by_o render_v his_o confident_n suspicious_a or_o by_o give_v he_o occasion_n to_o separate_v his_o troop_n and_o by_o consequence_n weaken_v himself_o the_o first_o be_v do_v by_o preserve_v the_o estate_n or_o good_n of_o those_o he_o have_v about_o he_o as_o in_o time_n of_o war_n to_o spare_v their_o house_n or_o possession_n and_o return_v their_o child_n or_o relation_n safe_a and_o without_o ransom_n you_o know_v when_o hannibal_n burn_v all_o about_o rome_n he_o exempt_v what_o belong_v to_o fabius_n maximus_n you_o know_v how_o coriolanus_n come_v with_o a_o strong_a army_n to_o besiege_v rome_n preserve_v the_o possession_n of_o the_o nobility_n metellus_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n againt_v jugurtha_n move_v it_o to_o the_o ambassador_n which_o the_o enemy_n send_v to_o he_o to_o deliver_v up_o jugurtha_n prisoner_n and_o write_v letter_n to_o they_o afterward_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n he_o continue_v his_o correspondence_n till_o jugurtha_n get_v the_o alarm_n suspect_v his_o whole_a counsel_n and_o make_v they_o away_o after_o several_a manner_n when_o hannibal_n be_v flee_v to_o antiochus_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n practise_v so_o cunning_o that_o antiochus_n grow_v jealous_a and_o trust_v he_o no_o far_o as_o to_o the_o way_n of_o divide_v the_o enemy_n there_o be_v not_o any_o more_o certain_a than_o to_o cause_v a_o incursion_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o his_o country_n that_o he_o may_v be_v constrain_v to_o leave_v the_o war_n and_o go_v back_o to_o defend_v himself_o this_o be_v the_o way_n which_o fabius_n use_v when_o he_o have_v a_o army_n against_o he_o of_o french_a and_o tuscan_n umbrian_n and_o samnite_n titus_n didius_n have_v a_o small_a army_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o enemy_n expect_v another_o legion_n from_o rome_n which_o the_o enemy_n be_v desirous_a to_o intercept_v he_o give_v out_o in_o his_o army_n that_o the_o next_o day_n he_o will_v give_v the_o enemy_n battle_n and_o order_v it_o so_o that_o certain_a prisoner_n which_o he_o have_v in_o his_o camp_n at_o that_o time_n take_v their_o opportunity_n to_o escape_v and_o give_v intelligence_n to_o the_o enemy_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v give_v order_n to_o fight_v upon_o which_o news_n that_o they_o may_v not_o lessen_v their_o force_n they_o do_v not_o march_v against_o the_o other_o legion_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v it_o be_v preserve_v some_o there_o have_v be_v who_o to_o divide_v or_o weaken_v the_o force_n of_o their_o enemy_n have_v suffer_v he_o to_o enter_v into_o their_o country_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o several_a town_n that_o by_o put_v garrison_n into_o they_o he_o may_v lessen_v his_o army_n and_o give_v they_o occasion_n to_o attack_v and_o defeat_v he_o other_o design_v against_o one_o province_n have_v pretend_v to_o invade_v another_o and_o use_v such_o industry_n in_o the_o business_n that_o be_v enter_v unexpected_o into_o that_o country_n they_o have_v conquer_v it_o before_o the_o enemy_n have_v time_n to_o relieve_v it_o for_o the_o enemy_n be_v uncertain_a whether_o you_o will_v return_v back_o and_o invade_v the_o country_n which_o you_o threaten_v before_o be_v constrain_v to_o keep_v his_o post_n and_o not_o to_o leave_v one_o place_n to_o secure_v another_o and_o it_o fall_v out_o many_o time_n that_o he_o be_v unable_a to_o defend_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o chap._n xiii_o in_o what_o manner_n sedition_n and_o mutiny_n in_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v appease_v fabr._n
render_v those_o town_n which_o stand_v high_a weak_a than_o the_o rest_n because_o more_o subject_a to_o be_v mine_v and_o then_o add_v but_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o powder_n which_o take_v fire_n in_o a_o instant_n you_o do_v not_o only_o ruin_v the_o wall_n but_o you_o open_v the_o very_a mountain_n and_o cleave_v the_o work_n into_o piece_n the_o way_n to_o prevent_v this_o be_v to_o fortify_v in_o a_o flat_a country_n and_o make_v the_o ditch_n which_o encompass_n your_o town_n so_o deep_a that_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o dig_v under_o it_o without_o come_v to_o the_o water_n which_o be_v the_o best_a defence_n against_o mine_n but_o if_o you_o be_v to_o defend_v a_o town_n upon_o a_o eminence_n your_o best_a way_n will_v be_v to_o make_v several_a deep_a hole_n in_o the_o wall_n that_o may_v give_v vent_n to_o the_o powder_n when_o the_o enemy_n set_v in_o on_o fire_n there_o be_v another_o way_n likewise_o to_o prevent_v they_o and_o that_o be_v by_o countermine_v if_o you_o find_v where_o the_o enemy_n mine_n but_o it_o be_v a_o hard_a matter_n to_o discover_v they_o especial_o if_o you_o be_v besiege_v by_o a_o cautious_a enemy_n chap._n xii_o good_a guard_n be_v always_o to_o be_v keep_v and_o your_o soldier_n not_o to_o be_v divide_v fabr._n he_o who_o be_v besiege_v be_v to_o take_v extraordinary_a care_n that_o he_o be_v not_o surprise_v in_o time_n of_o repose_n as_o after_o a_o storm_n after_o the_o guard_n be_v set_v which_o be_v either_o at_o break_v of_o day_n or_o at_o the_o shut_n in_o of_o the_o evening_n or_o especial_o whilst_o you_o be_v at_o dinner_n in_o which_o time_n many_o town_n have_v be_v take_v and_o many_o sally_n have_v be_v make_v to_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o besieger_n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v upon_o the_o guard_n in_o all_o quarter_n and_o your_o man_n general_o arm_v and_o here_o i_o can_v omit_v to_o tell_v you_o that_o nothing_o make_v a_o town_n or_o camp_n hard_a to_o be_v defend_v than_o the_o divide_n of_o your_o force_n for_o the_o enemy_n be_v able_a to_o attack_v you_o when_o he_o please_v with_o all_o his_o power_n at_o once_o you_o must_v be_v ready_a on_o all_o side_n and_o have_v part_v your_o force_n you_o will_v be_v force_v to_o defend_v yourself_o with_o a_o part_n and_o to_o keep_v the_o same_o guard_n with_o the_o remainder_n when_o ever_o the_o enemy_n assail_v you_o as_o you_o shall_v have_v do_v when_o your_o whole_a garrison_n be_v together_o which_o be_v a_o great_a disadvantage_n for_o he_o can_v attack_v you_o with_o his_o whole_a power_n when_o you_o have_v but_o a_o part_n of_o you_o to_o defend_v yourself_o chap._n xiii_o that_o when_o one_o see_v himself_o block_v up_o on_o every_o side_n it_o be_v good_a to_o expose_v one_o self_n now_o and_o then_o and_o of_o the_o advantage_n which_o have_v ensue_v fabr._n if_o he_o who_o be_v besiege_v be_v beat_v considerate_o he_o be_v certain_o lose_v but_o the_o besieger_n can_v only_o be_v repulse_v for_o which_o reason_n many_o who_o have_v be_v besiege_v either_o in_o camp_n or_o town_n though_o they_o have_v be_v inferior_a in_o number_n have_v nevertheless_o sally_v with_o their_o whole_a force_n at_o a_o time_n and_o be_v two_o hard_a for_o the_o enemy_n thus_o marcellus_n do_v at_o nola_n thus_o caesar_n do_v in_o france_n when_o his_o camp_n be_v encompass_v with_o a_o vast_a number_n of_o gaul_n for_o find_v he_o be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v it_o because_o he_o must_v divide_v his_o man_n into_o partles_a and_o distribute_v they_o round_o and_o find_v also_o that_o stand_n within_o his_o stoccado_n he_o can_v not_o do_v so_o much_o execution_n upon_o the_o enemy_n as_o he_o desire_v he_o open_v his_o camp_n on_o one_o side_n and_o issue_v out_o of_o it_o with_o his_o whole_a force_n charge_v the_o enemy_n with_o such_o fury_n and_o courage_n that_o he_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n beside_o the_o obstinacy_n and_o resolution_n of_o the_o besiege_a do_v many_o time_n astonish_v and_o terrify_v the_o enemy_n pompey_n be_v encamp_v against_o caesar_n and_o caesar_n army_n in_o great_a distress_n for_o provision_n pompey_n have_v present_v he_o a_o piece_n of_o caesar_n bread_n which_o be_v make_v of_o herb_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o a_o very_a strange_a thing_n pompey_n have_v view_v it_o command_v that_o it_o shall_v not_o be_v show_v in_o his_o army_n lest_o it_o shall_v discourage_v they_o to_o consider_v the_o obstinacy_n of_o their_o enemy_n nothing_o be_v more_o honourable_a to_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o war_n with_o hannibal_n than_o their_o constancy_n because_o in_o the_o great_a of_o their_o distress_n and_o in_o the_o worst_a of_o their_o fortune_n they_o never_o demand_v peace_n nor_o discover_v any_o token_n of_o fear_n on_o the_o contrary_a when_o hannibal_n be_v under_o their_o wall_n they_o sell_v the_o ground_n in_o which_o he_o be_v encamp_v at_o a_o high_a rate_n than_o it_o will_v have_v be_v sell_v at_o another_o time_n and_o they_o be_v so_o true_a and_o firm_a in_o their_o erterprise_n that_o they_o will_v not_o draw_v off_o from_o capua_n to_o defend_v their_o own_o city_n though_o they_o have_v a_o army_n before_o that_o when_o hannibal_n appear_v before_o rome_n i_o be_o sensible_a that_o i_o have_v tell_v you_o several_a thing_n that_o you_o understand_v and_o perhaps_o consider_v already_o yet_o i_o have_v do_v it_o as_o i_o say_v before_o by_o that_o mean_n to_o give_v you_o a_o better_a comprehension_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o this_o army_n and_o to_o satisfy_v such_o if_o there_o be_v any_o such_o here_o as_o have_v not_o have_v the_o opportunity_n to_o understand_v it_o so_o well_o as_o you_o i_o suppose_v now_o there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o that_o i_o give_v you_o some_o general_a rule_n which_o be_v very_o obvious_a and_o common_a chap._n xv._n general_n rule_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o military_a discipline_n fabr._n that_o which_o be_v beneficial_a to_o you_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o your_o enemy_n and_o that_o which_o be_v beneficial_a to_o he_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o you_o he_o who_o in_o war_n be_v most_o vigilant_a to_o observe_v the_o design_n and_o erterprise_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o take_v most_o pain_n in_o exercise_v and_o discipline_v his_o army_n shall_v expose_v himself_o to_o less_o danger_n and_o have_v great_a probability_n of_o victory_n never_o bring_v your_o man_n to_o fight_v till_o you_o have_v some_o just_a confidence_n in_o their_o courage_n till_o you_o have_v see_v they_o well_o arm_v and_o well_o order_v and_o never_o let_v they_o engage_v but_o when_o you_o find_v they_o cheerly_o and_o hopeful_a of_o success_n it_o be_v better_a to_o conquer_v a_o enemy_n by_o hunger_n than_o fight_v in_o which_o last_o victory_n fortune_n have_v more_o share_n than_o virtue_n or_o courage_n no_o resolution_n be_v so_o likely_a to_o succeed_v as_o that_o which_o be_v conceal_v from_o the_o enemy_n till_o it_o come_v to_o be_v execute_v nothing_o be_v of_o more_o importance_n in_o the_o whole_a art_n of_o war_n than_o to_o know_v how_o to_o take_v advantage_n when_o it_o be_v offer_v nature_n produce_v few_o person_n strong_a but_o industry_n and_o exercise_n make_v many_o order_n and_o discipline_n be_v more_o available_a in_o war_n than_o valour_n or_o force_n when_o any_o come_v over_o to_o your_o service_n from_o the_o enemy_n they_o be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o you_o provide_v they_o be_v faithful_a for_o it_o be_v more_o diminution_n to_o the_o enemy_n strength_n to_o have_v soldier_n revolt_v than_o to_o have_v so_o many_o slay_v though_o the_o name_n of_o a_o fugitive_n be_v suspicious_a to_o new_a friend_n and_o abominable_a to_o old_a it_o be_v better_a in_o the_o draw_v up_o your_o battalion_n for_o a_o battle_n to_o draw_v they_o up_o with_o reserve_v and_o place_v such_o behind_o the_o front_n as_o may_v supply_v it_o upon_o occasion_n than_o to_o enlarge_v your_o front_n and_o make_v as_o it_o be_v but_o one_o rank_n of_o your_o whole_a army_n he_o who_o understand_v his_o own_o force_n and_o the_o enemy_n too_o can_v hardly_o miscarry_v the_o courage_n of_o soldier_n be_v better_a than_o their_o number_n the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n be_v sometime_o more_o effectual_a than_o the_o courage_n of_o your_o man_n new_a and_o unexpected_a thing_n be_v a_o astonishment_n to_o some_o army_n your_o soldier_n despise_v thing_n that_o be_v common_a and_o be_v weary_a of_o any_o thing_n that_o be_v tedious_a i_o will_v advise_v therefore_o that_o by_o pickeer_v and_o little_a skirmish_n you_o acquaint_v your_o man_n with_o your_o enemy_n before_o you_o bring_v they_o to_o a_o battle_n he_o who_o pursue_v a_o enemy_n that_o be_v disorder_v in_o disorder_n himself_o shall_v lose_v
who_o expect_v with_o meekness_n and_o humility_n to_o work_v upon_o the_o proud_a 349_o chap._n 15._o weak_a state_n be_v irresolute_a and_o uncertain_a in_o their_o council_n and_o slow_a council_n be_v most_o common_o pernicious_a 350_o chap._n 16._o how_o much_o the_o soldier_n of_o our_o time_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_n 351_o chap._n 17._o how_o the_o army_n of_o our_o time_n be_v to_o judge_v of_o artillery_n and_o whether_o the_o general_a opinion_n of_o it_o be_v true_a 353_o chap._n 18._o how_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o universal_a discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o foot_n be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o the_o horse_n 355_o chap._n 19_o the_o conquest_n of_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v ill_o govern_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o model_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v conduce_v more_o to_o the_o ruin_n than_o advancement_n of_o their_o affair_n 357_o chap._n 29._o no_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n without_o manifest_a danger_n can_v employ_v foreign_a force_n either_o auxiliary_a or_o mercenary_a 359_o chap._n 21._o the_o first_o praetor_n which_o the_o roman_n ever_o send_v out_o of_o their_o own_o city_n be_v to_o capua_n and_o that_o be_v 400_o year_n after_o they_o begin_v first_o to_o make_v war_n 360_o chap._n 22._o how_o uncertain_a the_o judgement_n of_o most_o people_n be_v in_o thing_n of_o great_a importance_n 361_o chap._n 23._o how_o the_o roman_n upon_o any_o accident_n which_o necessitate_v they_o to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o their_o subject_n avoid_v always_o the_o midway_n 362_o chap._n 14._o that_o in_o the_o generality_n castle_n and_o citadel_n do_v more_o mischief_n than_o good_a 364_o chap._n 25._o to_o attempt_v a_o city_n full_a of_o intestine_a division_n and_o to_o expect_v to_o carry_v it_o thereby_o be_v uncertain_a and_o dangerous_a 367_o chap._n 26._o he_o who_o contemn_v or_o reproach_n another_o person_n incur_v his_o hatred_n without_o any_o advantage_n to_o himself_o ib._n chap._n 27._o wise_a prince_n and_o well_o govern_v state_n aught_o to_o be_v content_v with_o victory_n for_o many_o time_n whilst_o they_o think_v to_o push_v thing_n forward_o they_o lose_v all_o 368_o chap._n 28._o how_o much_o it_o be_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o all_o government_n that_o all_o injury_n be_v punish_v whether_o against_o the_o public_a or_o particular_a person_n 369_o chap._n 29._o fortune_n cast_v a_o mist_n before_o people_n eye_n when_o she_o will_v not_o have_v they_o oppose_v her_o design_n 370_o chap._n 30._o prince_n and_o republic_n that_o be_v true_o magnificent_a do_v not_o make_v their_o league_n and_o alliance_n with_o money_n but_o by_o their_o virtue_n reputation_n and_o force_v 372_o chap._n 31._o how_o dangerous_a it_o be_v to_o believe_v exile_n too_o far_o 373_o chap._n 32._o how_o many_o several_a way_n the_o roman_n use_v to_o conquer_v their_o town_n 374_o chap._n 33._o how_o the_o roman_n upon_o any_o expedition_n give_v their_o general_n general_a commission_n 375_o book_n iii_o chap._n 1._o that_o a_o sect_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v long-lived_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o correct_v it_o often_o and_o reduce_v it_o towards_o its_o first_o principle_n 377_o chap._n 2._o it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o wise_a man_n sometime_o to_o pretend_v himself_o a_o fool_n 379_o chap._n 3._o the_o liberty_n new_o acquire_v can_v not_o have_v be_v preserve_v but_o by_o the_o execution_n of_o brutus_n his_o son_n 380_o chap._n 4._o a_o prince_n be_v never_o safe_a in_o his_o new_a conquest_n whilst_o they_o be_v in_o be_v who_o he_o dispossess_v 381_o chap._n 5._o how_o a_o king_n may_v lose_v his_o kingdom_n though_o he_o come_v to_o it_o by_o inheritance_n ib._n chap._n 6._o of_o conspiracy_n 382_o chap._n 7._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o in_o the_o change_n of_o state_n from_o liberty_n to_o servitude_n and_o from_o servitude_n to_o liberty_n some_o be_v very_o innocent_a and_o other_o very_o bloody_a 391_o chap._n 8._o he_o who_o will_v change_v the_o form_n of_o a_o government_n be_v to_o consider_v serious_o upon_o what_o ground_n he_o do_v it_o and_o the_o disposition_n of_o the_o subject_n 392_o chap._n 9_o how_o he_o that_o will_v succeed_v must_v accommodate_v to_o the_o time_n 393_o chap._n 10._o a_o general_n can_v avoid_v fight_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v resolve_v to_o engage_v he_o upon_o any_o term_n 394_o chap._n 11._o one_o person_n that_o have_v many_o enemy_n upon_o his_o hand_n though_o he_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o yet_o if_o he_o consustain_v their_o first_o impression_n carry_v common_o the_o victory_n 396_o chap._n 12._o a_o wise_a general_n be_v to_o put_v a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v upon_o his_o own_o army_n but_o to_o prevent_v it_o to_o his_o enemy_n 397_o chap._n 13._o whether_o we_o be_v more_o safe_a in_o a_o good_a general_n with_o a_o bad_a army_n or_o a_o good_a army_n with_o a_o bad_a general_n 398_o chap._n 14._o what_o strange_a effect_n new_a invention_n have_v sometime_o in_o a_o battle_n and_o how_o new_a noise_n have_v the_o same_o 399_o chap._n 15._o one_o general_n be_v best_a for_o a_o army_n and_o that_o to_o govern_v it_o by_o commissioner_n be_v not_o so_o good_a 400_o chap._n 16._o that_o in_o time_n of_o difficulty_n virtue_n be_v in_o esteem_n in_o time_n of_o ease_n and_o luxury_n man_n of_o riches_n and_o alliance_n be_v in_o great_a request_n 401_o chap._n 17._o a_o man_n be_v not_o to_o be_v disoblige_v and_o employ_v afterward_o in_o any_o matter_n of_o importance_n 402_o chap._n 18._o nothing_o be_v more_o honourable_a in_o a_o general_n thâ—n_o to_o foresee_v the_o design_n of_o his_o enemy_n 403_o chap._n 19_o whether_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o multitude_n obsequiousness_n and_o indulgence_n be_v more_o necessary_a than_o punishment_n 404_o chap._n 20._o one_o instance_n of_o humanity_n wrought_v more_o upon_o the_o falisci_n than_o all_o the_o force_n of_o the_o roman_n 405_o chap._n 21._o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o hannibal_n by_o method_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o be_v practise_v by_o scipio_n do_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o italy_n that_o the_o other_o do_v in_o spain_n ib._n chap._n 22._o how_o the_o austerity_n of_o manlius_n torquatus_n and_o the_o humanity_n of_o valerius_n corvinus_n gain_v each_o of_o they_o the_o same_o honour_n and_o reputation_n 406_o chap._n 23._o upon_o what_o occasion_n camillus_n be_v banish_v from_o rome_n 409_o chap._n 24._o the_o prolongation_n of_o commission_n bring_v rome_n first_o into_o servitude_n ib._n chap._n 25._o of_o the_o poverty_n of_o cincinnatus_n and_o several_a other_o citizen_n of_o rome_n 410_o chap._n 26._o woman_n be_v many_o time_n the_o destruction_n of_o state_n 411_o chap._n 27_o how_o the_o civil_a discord_n in_o a_o city_n be_v to_o be_v compose_v and_o of_o the_o falsity_n of_o that_o opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v a_o city_n in_o subjection_n be_v to_o keep_v it_o divide_v ib._n chap._n 28._o a_o strict_a eye_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v upon_o the_o citizen_n for_o under_o pretence_n of_o officiousness_n and_o piety_n there_o be_v hide_v a_o principle_n of_o tyranny_n 413_o chap._n 29._o that_o the_o transgression_n of_o the_o people_n do_v spring_v common_o from_o the_o prince_n ib._n chap._n 30._o a_o citizen_n who_o will_v do_v any_o great_a matter_n by_o his_o own_o authority_n must_v first_o extinguish_v all_o envy_n in_o what_o matter_n thing_n be_v to_o be_v order_v upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o enemy_n and_o how_o a_o city_n be_v to_o be_v defend_v 414_o chap._n 31._o powerful_a state_n and_o excellent_a person_n retain_v the_o same_o mind_n and_o dignity_n in_o all_o kind_n of_o condition_n 416_o chap._n 32._o the_o way_n which_o some_o people_n have_v take_v to_o prevent_v a_o peace_n 417_o chap._n 33._o to_o the_o obtain_v a_o victory_n it_o be_v necessary_a your_o army_n have_v a_o confidence_n not_o only_o in_o one_o another_o but_o in_o their_o general_n 418_o chap._n 34._o what_o vogue_n fame_n or_o opinion_n dispose_v the_o people_n first_o to_o favour_v some_o particular_a citizen_n and_o whether_o they_o or_o a_o prince_n distributes_z their_o office_n with_o most_o prudence_n and_o judgement_n 419_o chap._n 35._o what_o danger_n they_o incur_v who_o make_v themselves_o author_n of_o any_o enterprise_n and_o the_o more_o extraordinary_a the_o design_n the_o great_a the_o danger_n 420_o chap._n 36._o the_o reason_n why_o at_o the_o first_o charge_n the_o french_a have_v be_v and_o still_o be_v account_v more_o than_o man_n but_o afterward_o less_o than_o woman_n 422_o chap._n 37._o whether_o fight_v in_o small_a party_n or_o pickeer_v before_o a_o battle_n be_v necessary_a and_o how_o the_o temper_n of_o a_o new_a enemy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o they_o 423_o chap._n 38._o how_o a_o general_n be_v
camp_n ib._n chap._n 5._o of_o military_a justice_n and_o the_o method_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_n in_o the_o punishment_n of_o offender_n ib._n chap._n 6._o the_o ancient_n have_v neither_o woman_n nor_o game_n in_o their_o army_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o discamp_v 502_o chap._n 7._o the_o safety_n and_o health_n of_o a_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v and_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v besiege_v 503_o chap._n 8._o direction_n as_o to_o provision_n ib._n chap._n 9_o how_o to_o lodge_v more_o or_o less_o than_o four_o battalion_n and_o what_o number_n of_o man_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v head_n against_o a_o enemy_n be_v he_o as_o numerous_a as_o he_o may_v 504_o chap._n 10._o certain_a artifices_fw-la and_o advertisement_n of_o war_n ib._n chap._n 11._o how_o to_o rid_v one_o self_n of_o a_o army_n that_o be_v press_v upon_o one_o hâ—els_n 505_o chap._n 12._o how_o a_o man_n may_v make_v a_o prince_n favourite_n suspect_v and_o divide_v his_o force_n 506_o chap._n 13._o in_o what_o manner_n sedition_n and_o mutiny_n in_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v appease_v 507_o chap._n 14._o how_o the_o ancients_n rely_v much_o upon_o their_o augury_n and_o other_o accident_n ib._n chap._n 15._o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o fight_v with_o a_o enemy_n reduce_v to_o despair_v and_o several_a art_n that_o may_v be_v use_v to_o surprise_v he_o 508_o chap._n 16._o how_o a_o suspect_a town_n or_o country_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v and_o how_o the_o people_n heart_n be_v to_o be_v gain_v 509_o chap._n 17._o war_n be_v not_o to_o be_v continue_v in_o the_o winter_n ib._n book_n vii_o chap._n 1._o how_o town_n or_o castle_n be_v to_o be_v fortify_v 510_o chap._n 2._o what_o order_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v by_o he_o who_o shut_v himself_o up_o in_o a_o town_n with_o resolution_n to_o defend_v it_o 513_o chap._n 3._o advertisement_n for_o such_o as_o be_v distress_v for_o provision_n within_o a_o town_n and_o for_o such_o as_o besiege_v they_o and_o will_v reduce_v they_o to_o that_o necessity_n 514_o chap._n 4._o other_o advertisement_n both_o for_o the_o besieger_n and_o the_o besiege_a ib._n chap._n 5._o a_o man_n be_v not_o to_o depend_v upon_o the_o countenance_n of_o the_o enemy_n but_o be_v rather_o to_o suspect_v what_o even_o he_o see_v with_o his_o eye_n 515_o chap._n 6._o how_o to_o disfurnish_v a_o garrison_n of_o its_o man_n and_o to_o bring_v a_o terror_n upon_o a_o town_n ib._n chap._n 7._o to_o corrupt_v a_o garrison_n and_o take_v it_o by_o treachery_n 516_o chap._n 8._o good_a guard_n be_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o all_o place_n and_o time_n ib._n chap._n 9_o way_n to_o write_v private_o to_o one_o friend_n 517_o chap._n 10._o how_o to_o repair_v a_o breach_n and_o the_o way_n to_o defend_v it_o ib._n chap._n 11._o of_o mine_n 518_o chap._n 12._o good_a guard_n be_v always_o to_o be_v keep_v and_o your_o soldier_n not_o to_o be_v divide_v ib._n chap._n 13._o that_o when_o one_o see_v himself_o block_v up_o on_o every_o side_n it_o be_v good_a to_o expose_v one_o self_n now_o and_o then_o and_o of_o the_o advantage_n which_o have_v ensue_v ib._n chap._n 14._o general_n rule_v to_o be_v observe_v in_o military_a discipline_n 519_o chap._n 15._o the_o way_n to_o have_v many_o horse_n in_o your_o country_n 520_o chap._n 16._o a_o general_n be_v to_o invent_v of_o himself_o and_o not_o follow_v altogether_o the_o practice_n of_o his_o predecessor_n 521_o chap._n 17._o the_o author_n return_v and_o with_o a_o short_a discourse_n conclude_v his_o book_n ib._n the_o marriage_n of_o belphegor_n 524_o the_o first_o book_n of_o the_o history_n of_o florence_n by_o nicholas_n machiavelli_n to_o his_o holiness_n clement_n the_o vii_o the_o people_n which_o live_v northward_o beyond_o the_o rhine_n and_o the_o danube_n be_v bear_v in_o a_o healthful_a and_o prolific_a clime_n prolific_a do_v many_o time_n increase_v to_o such_o insustainable_a number_n that_o part_n of_o they_o be_v constrain_v to_o abandon_v their_o native_a in_o quest_n of_o new_a country_n to_o inhabit_v when_o any_o of_o those_o province_n be_v overcharge_v and_o dispose_v to_o disgorge_v the_o order_n they_o observe_v be_v to_o divide_v into_o three_o part_n so_o equal_o that_o each_o of_o the_o three_o consist_v of_o a_o just_a proportion_n of_o noble_a and_o ignoble_a increase_n rich_a and_o poor_a after_o which_o they_o cast_v lot_n and_o that_o part_n to_o who_o fortune_n it_o fall_v march_v off_o to_o new_a quarter_n where_o they_o can_v be_v find_v while_o the_o other_o two_o disburden_v of_o their_o supernumeraries_n remain_v behind_o and_o enjoy_v their_o own_o patrimony_n in_o peace_n empire_n these_o inundation_n and_o redundancy_n of_o people_n be_v the_o destruction_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n to_o which_o the_o emperor_n themselves_o give_v great_a opportunity_n for_o have_v forsake_v rome_n the_o ancient_a seat_n of_o the_o empire_n and_o remove_v their_o residence_n to_o constantinople_n they_o leave_v the_o western_a empire_n more_o weak_a as_o be_v more_o remote_a from_o their_o inspection_n and_o by_o consequence_n more_o obnoxious_a both_o to_o their_o governor_n and_o enemy_n and_o indeed_o for_o the_o destruction_n of_o a_o empire_n found_v upon_o the_o blood_n of_o so_o many_o brave_a man_n there_o can_v not_o be_v less_o carelessness_n in_o the_o prince_n less_o treachery_n in_o the_o minister_n nor_o less_o force_v and_o impetuosity_n in_o those_o who_o invade_v for_o one_o inundation_n be_v unable_a several_a conspire_v and_o at_o last_o effect_v its_o ruin_n the_o first_o from_o those_o northern_a country_n who_o invade_v that_o empire_n empire_n after_o the_o cimbri_n which_o be_v vanquish_v by_o marius_n a_o citizen_n of_o rome_n be_v the_o visi_fw-la goti_fw-la or_o western_a goth_n who_o after_o some_o skirmish_n and_o conflict_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o empire_n be_v by_o concession_n of_o the_o emperor_n assign_v and_o for_o a_o long_a time_n permit_v quiet_o to_o possess_v a_o part_n of_o the_o country_n along_o the_o danube_n and_o although_o upon_o several_a occasion_n and_o at_o sundry_a time_n they_o invade_v the_o roman_a province_n yet_o by_o the_o vigilance_n and_o power_n of_o the_o emperor_n they_o be_v always_o repel_v the_o last_o that_o overcome_v they_o so_o glorious_o be_v theodosius_n who_o have_v subdue_v they_o to_o his_o obedience_n they_o do_v not_o as_o former_o create_v themselves_o a_o king_n but_o content_v themselves_o with_o his_o government_n and_o pay_n they_o submit_v to_o both_o and_o serve_v he_o faithful_o in_o his_o war_n but_o theodosius_n be_v dead_a and_o his_o two_o son_n arcadius_n and_o honorius_n succeed_v not_o inherit_v his_o virtue_n and_o fortune_n as_o well_o as_o his_o crown_n the_o empire_n begin_v to_o decline_v and_o the_o time_n as_o their_o emperor_n to_o grow_v worse_o and_o worse_o to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n theodosius_n in_o his_o life-time_n have_v prefer_v three_o governor_n ruffinus_n to_o the_o east_n stilico_n to_o the_o west_n and_o gildo_n to_o the_o south_n who_o all_o of_o they_o after_o the_o death_n of_o theodosius_n despise_v the_o title_n of_o governor_n resolve_v to_o make_v themselves_o king_n gildo_n and_o ruffinus_n miscarry_v in_o their_o first_o enterprise_n and_o be_v ruin_v but_o stilico_n be_v better_o at_o hypocrisy_n than_o his_o brethren_n endeavour_v to_o insinuate_v and_o work_v himself_o into_o a_o confidence_n with_o the_o emperor_n yet_o with_o design_n so_o to_o perplex_v and_o disturb_v their_o affair_n that_o he_o himself_o may_v afterward_o with_o more_o ease_n leap_v up_o into_o the_o saddle_n to_o incense_v the_o visigot_n and_o provoke_v they_o to_o mutiny_v he_o counsel_v the_o emperor_n to_o abate_v and_o retrench_v their_o former_a allowance_n and_o lest_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v sufficient_a for_o the_o molestation_n of_o the_o empire_n he_o contrive_v that_o the_o burgundi_fw-la franchi_n vandali_n and_o alani_n northern_a people_n like_o the_o other_o and_o in_o motion_n for_o new_a quarter_n shall_v fall_v likewise_o upon_o the_o roman_a province_n the_o visigoti_n as_o soon_o as_o they_o find_v themselves_o retrench_v that_o they_o may_v be_v in_o better_a order_n to_o revenge_v it_o create_v alaricus_n their_o king_n under_o who_o conduct_n they_o assail_v the_o empire_n alaricus_n and_o after_o several_a rencounter_n and_o accident_n they_o overran_a all_o italy_n and_o sack_v rome_n not_o long_o after_o alaricus_n die_v and_o be_v succeed_v by_o ataulfus_fw-la who_o marry_v placidia_n the_o emperor_n sister_n article_v upon_o the_o match_n to_o assist_v in_o the_o relief_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n which_o province_n be_v at_o that_o time_n much_o infest_a by_o the_o vandali_n burgundi_fw-la alani_n and_o franchi_n upon_o the_o aforesaid_a occasion_n ataulfus_fw-la undertake_v only_o the_o vandali_n
have_v conquer_a africa_n drive_v out_o the_o vandal_n and_o reduce_v it_o under_o that_o empire_n again_o have_v first_o possess_v himself_o of_o sicily_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v his_o army_n into_o italy_n bellisarius_fw-la recover_v naples_n and_o rome_n the_o goth_n foresee_v their_o destruction_n emperor_n kill_v theodate_v their_o king_n as_o the_o occasion_n of_o all_o and_o elect_a vitegetes_n in_o his_o place_n who_o after_o several_a skirmish_n be_v at_o length_n besiege_v and_o take_v in_o ravenna_n by_o bellisarius_fw-la who_o not_o prosecute_a his_o victory_n as_o be_v expect_v be_v call_v back_o by_o justinian_n and_o his_o command_n give_v to_o johannes_n and_o vitalis_n who_o be_v much_o short_a of_o he_o both_o in_o virtue_n and_o conversation_n so_o that_o the_o goth_n take_v heart_n and_o create_v ildovado_n their_o king_n who_o be_v at_o that_o time_n governor_n of_o verona_n and_o be_v kill_v short_o after_o the_o kingship_n fall_v to_o totila_n who_o beat_v the_o emperor_n force_n recover_v tuscany_n and_o subdue_v the_o governor_n of_o all_o those_o province_n which_o bellisarius_fw-la have_v reduce_v upon_o which_o misfortune_n justinianus_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o send_v he_o again_o into_o italy_n but_o return_v with_o small_a force_n he_o rather_o lose_v what_o he_o have_v gain_v before_o than_o acquire_v any_o new_a reputation_n for_o totila_n whilst_o bellisarius_fw-la lie_v encamp_v with_o his_o army_n at_o hostia_fw-la besiege_a rome_n rome_n and_o take_v it_o as_o it_o be_v under_o his_o nose_n and_o then_o upon_o consideration_n that_o he_o can_v neither_o well_o keep_v nor_o relinquish_v it_o he_o demolish_v the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o force_v away_o the_o people_n and_o carry_v the_o senator_n as_o prisoner_n along_o with_o he_o and_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o bellisarius_fw-la he_o advance_v with_o his_o army_n into_o calabria_n to_o encounter_v and_o cut_v off_o certain_a supply_n which_o be_v send_v out_o of_o greece_n to_o reinforce_v he_o bellisarius_fw-la see_v rome_n abandon_v in_o this_o manner_n address_v himself_o to_o a_o very_a honourable_a enterprise_n and_o enter_v the_o city_n repair_v the_o wall_n withal_o possible_a celerity_n and_o reinvited_n the_o inhabitant_n when_o he_o have_v do_v but_o fortune_n concur_v not_o to_o the_o nobleness_n of_o his_o design_n for_o justinianus_n be_v at_o that_o time_n invade_v by_o the_o parthi_a bellisarius_fw-la be_v call_v back_o to_o repel_v the_o invasion_n in_o obedience_n to_o his_o master_n he_o march_v his_o army_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o leave_v that_o province_n to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o enemy_n who_o seize_v again_o upon_o rome_n but_o use_v it_o not_o so_o barbarous_o as_o before_o be_v wrought_v upon_o by_o the_o prayer_n of_o saint_n benedict_n a_o person_n very_o eminent_a in_o those_o time_n for_o his_o sanctity_n he_o apply_v himself_o rather_o to_o repair_v than_o destroy_v it_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n justinian_n have_v make_v a_o peace_n with_o the_o parthi_a and_o resolve_v to_o send_v new_a supply_n into_o italy_n he_o be_v divert_v by_o a_o new_a alarm_n from_o the_o sclavi_n another_o northern_a people_n who_o have_v pass_v the_o danube_n and_o fall_v upon_o illyria_n and_o thrace_n so_o that_o totila_n have_v his_o full_a swing_n and_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n in_o possession_n of_o all_o italy_n as_o soon_o as_o justinian_n have_v conquer_a the_o sclavi_n and_o settle_v the_o country_n which_o they_o have_v invade_v he_o send_v a_o new_a army_n into_o italy_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o narsetes_n a_o eunuch_n justinian_n a_o brave_a captain_n and_o of_o great_a experience_n in_o the_o war_n be_v arrive_v in_o italy_n he_o fight_v beat_v and_o kill_v totila_n after_o who_o death_n the_o remainder_n of_o the_o goth_n retire_v into_o pavia_n and_o make_v teia_n their_o king_n on_o the_o other_o side_n narsete_v after_o his_o victory_n take_v rome_n and_o than_o march_v against_o teia_n he_o engage_v he_o about_o nocera_n defeat_v his_o army_n and_o slay_v he_o among_o the_o rest_n by_o which_o disaster_n the_o very_a name_n of_o the_o goth_n be_v well_o near_o extinguish_v in_o italy_n where_o they_o have_v reign_v from_o the_o time_n of_o theodorick_n to_o this_o teia_n full_a seventy_o year_n but_o italy_n be_v scarce_o warm_a in_o its_o liberty_n when_o justinianus_n die_v and_o leave_v his_o son_n justinus_n to_o succeed_v who_o by_o the_o counsel_n of_o his_o wife_n sophia_n recall_v narsetes_n out_o of_o italy_n and_o send_v longinus_n in_o his_o place_n longinus_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o his_o predecessor_n keep_v his_o residence_n at_o ravenna_n in_o other_o thing_n he_o digress_v italy_n and_o particular_o by_o introduce_v a_o new_a form_n of_o government_n in_o italy_n not_o constitute_v governor_n in_o every_o province_n as_o the_o goth_n have_v do_v before_o but_o depute_v a_o captain_n in_o every_o city_n or_o other_o town_n of_o importance_n 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virtue_n as_o by_o the_o chivalry_n of_o his_o uncle_n pepin_n and_o charles_n martel_n his_o father_n for_o charles_n martel_n be_v governor_n of_o that_o kingdom_n give_v that_o memorable_a defeat_n to_o the_o saracen_n near_o torsi_fw-la upon_o the_o river_n totra_fw-fr in_o which_o above_o 200000._o of_o they_o be_v slay_v upon_o the_o reputation_n of_o which_o victor'y_v under_o the_o discipline_n of_o his_o father_n and_o his_o own_o deportment_n in_o it_o beside_o pepin_n be_v afterward_o make_v king_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o who_o when_o pope_n gregory_n apply_v himself_o for_o relief_n against_o the_o lombard_n pepin_n return_v answer_n that_o he_o will_v be_v ready_a to_o assist_v he_o but_o he_o desire_v first_o to_o have_v the_o honour_n to_o see_v he_o and_o pay_v his_o personal_a respect_n upon_o which_o invitation_n pope_n gregory_n go_v into_o france_n pass_v through_o the_o lombard_n quarter_n without_o any_o interruption_n so_o great_a reverence_n they_o bear_v 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adjacent_a and_o under_o the_o exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n shall_v be_v call_v romagna_n moreover_o he_o create_v his_o son_n pepin_n king_n of_o italy_n extend_v his_o jurisdiction_n as_o far_o as_o benevento_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v continue_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o grecian_a emperor_n with_o who_o charles_n have_v make_v a_o alliance_n during_o these_o transaction_n cardinal_n pascal_n the_o first_o be_v elect_v pope_n and_o the_o parish_n priest_n in_o rome_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o propinquity_n and_o readiness_n at_o every_o election_n to_o adorn_v their_o power_n with_o a_o more_o illustrious_a title_n begin_v to_o be_v call_v cardinal_n arrogate_a so_o much_o to_o themselves_o especial_o after_o they_o have_v exclude_v the_o voice_n of_o the_o people_n that_o seldom_o any_o pope_n be_v create_v but_o by_o they_o out_o of_o their_o own_o number_n pascal_n be_v dead_a he_o be_v succeed_v by_o eugenius_n the_o second_o of_o the_o order_n of_o santa_n sabina_n italy_n be_v in_o this_o manner_n under_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o french_a pope_n change_v its_o form_n and_o oeconomy_n in_o some_o measure_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o temporal_a authority_n create_v count_n and_o marquess_n as_o longinus_n exarchat_n of_o ravenna_n name_n have_v make_v duke_n before_o after_o some_o few_o ospurcus_n a_o roman_a succeed_v to_o the_o papacy_n who_o not_o satisfy_v with_o the_o uncomliness_n of_o his_o name_n call_v himself_o sergius_n and_o give_v the_o first_o occasion_n for_o the_o change_a their_o name_n which_o have_v since_o be_v frequent_o practise_v at_o their_o several_a election_n about_o this_o time_n charles_n the_o emperor_n die_v and_o his_o son_n lodovic_n succeed_v yet_o not_o so_o quiet_o but_o that_o there_o arise_v so_o many_o and_o so_o great_a difference_n betwixt_o his_o son_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o his_o grandchild_n the_o empire_n be_v wrest_v from_o his_o family_n restore_v to_o the_o almain_n and_o the_o next_o german_a emperor_n be_v call_v ainolfus_fw-la nor_o do_v charles_n his_o posterity_n by_o their_o dissension_n lose_v only_o the_o empire_n but_o their_o sovereignty_n in_o italy_n likewise_o for_o the_o lombard_n resume_v courage_n fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o roman_n who_o not_o know_v to_o who_o protection_n to_o betake_v himself_o be_v constrain_v to_o make_v berengarius_fw-la dukeof_n friuli_fw-la king_n of_o italy_n encourage_v by_o these_o accident_n the_o hunni_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v plant_v in_o pannonia_n take_v heart_n and_o invade_v italy_n but_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n with_o berengarius_fw-la they_o be_v overthrow_v and_o force_v back_o again_o into_o pannonia_n or_o rather_o into_o hungaria_n it_o be_v at_o that_o time_n call_v by_o their_o name_n at_o that_o time_n romano_n be_v emperor_n of_o greece_n who_o be_v general_n of_o his_o army_n have_v usurp_v upon_o constantine_n and_o force_v the_o government_n out_o of_o his_o hand_n and_o because_o during_o these_o innovation_n puglia_n and_o calabria_n which_o as_o i_o say_v before_o have_v subject_v themselves_o to_o that_o empire_n be_v then_o in_o rebellion_n enrage_v at_o their_o insolence_n he_o permit_v the_o saracen_n to_o possess_v those_o country_n if_o they_o can_v gain_v they_o who_o invade_v they_o thereupon_o immediate_o subdue_v they_o and_o attempt_v upon_o rome_n but_o the_o roman_n berengarius_fw-la being_n employ_v against_o the_o hunni_n make_v alberigo_n duke_n of_o tuscany_n their_o general_n by_o who_o valour_n their_o city_n be_v preserve_v and_o the_o saracen_n raise_v their_o siege_n retire_v build_v a_o castle_n upon_o the_o mountain_n gargano_n and_o from_o thence_o lord_v it_o over_o puglia_n and_o calabria_n and_o infest_a all_o that_o part_n of_o italy_n beside_o thus_o it_o be_v that_o italy_n in_o those_o time_n be_v marvellous_o afflict_v towards_o the_o alps_o by_o the_o hunni_n towards_o naples_n by_o the_o saracen_n
neighbour_a place_n which_o have_v be_v ancient_o their_o subject_n and_o because_o the_o tuscan_n refuse_v to_o submit_v they_o march_v confuse_o against_o they_o but_o they_o be_v reinforce_v by_o frederick_n give_v the_o roman_a army_n such_o a_o blow_n that_o since_o that_o time_n rome_n can_v never_o recover_v its_o old_a condition_n either_o for_o populousness_n or_o wealth_n upon_o these_o event_n pope_n alexander_n be_v return_v to_o rome_n presume_v he_o may_v be_v safe_a there_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o animosity_n the_o roman_n retain_v against_o the_o emperor_n and_o the_o employment_n his_o enemy_n give_v he_o in_o lombardy_n but_o frederick_n postpone_v all_o other_o respect_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o besiege_v rome_n alexander_n think_v it_o not_o convenient_a to_o attend_v he_o but_o withdraw_v into_o puglia_n to_o william_n who_o upon_o the_o death_n of_o roger_n be_v next_o heir_n be_v make_v king_n frederick_n be_v much_o molest_v and_o weaken_a by_o a_o contagion_n in_o his_o army_n raise_v his_o siege_n and_o go_v back_o into_o germany_n the_o lombard_n which_o be_v in_o league_n against_o he_o to_o restrain_v their_o excursion_n and_o straighten_v the_o town_n of_o pavia_n and_o tortona_n cause_v a_o city_n to_o be_v build_v which_o they_o intend_v for_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o war_n and_o call_v it_o alexandria_n in_o honour_n to_o pope_n alexander_n and_o defiance_n to_o the_o emperor_n guido_n the_o new_a antipope_n die_v likewise_o and_o john_n of_o fermo_n be_v choose_v in_o his_o room_n who_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o imperial_a party_n be_v permit_v to_o keep_v his_o residence_n in_o monte_fw-fr fiascone_a whilst_o alexander_n be_v go_v into_o tuscany_n invite_v by_o that_o people_n that_o by_o his_o authority_n they_o may_v be_v the_o better_o defend_v against_o the_o roman_n be_v there_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o henry_n king_n of_o england_n to_o clear_v their_o master_n innocence_n in_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n becket_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n with_o which_o he_o be_v public_o and_o most_o infamous_o asperse_v becâ—et_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o truth_n the_o pope_n send_v two_o cardinal_n into_o england_n who_o notwithstanding_o they_o find_v not_o his_o majesty_n in_o any_o manifest_a guilt_n yet_o for_o the_o scandal_n of_o the_o fact_n and_o that_o he_o have_v not_o honour_v the_o say_a archbishop_n with_o the_o respect_n he_o deserve_v they_o prescribe_v as_o a_o penance_n that_o he_o shall_v call_v all_o the_o baron_n of_o his_o kingdom_n together_o swear_v his_o innocence_n before_o they_o send_v 200_o soldier_n to_o jerusalem_n to_o be_v pay_v by_o he_o for_o a_o twelvemonth_n and_o himself_o follow_v in_o person_n with_o as_o great_a a_o power_n as_o he_o can_v raise_v before_o three_o year_n be_v expire_v that_o he_o shall_v disannul_v all_o thing_n pass_v in_o his_o kingdom_n in_o prejudice_n to_o the_o ecclesiastic_a liberty_n and_o consent_n that_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n whatever_o shall_v appeal_v to_o rome_n when_o and_o as_o often_o as_o they_o think_v it_o convenient_a all_o which_o condition_n be_v ready_o accept_v and_o that_o great_a prince_n submit_v to_o a_o sentence_n there_o be_v scarce_o a_o private_a person_n but_o will_v scorn_v at_o this_o day_n but_o though_o his_o holiness_n be_v so_o formidable_a to_o the_o prince_n abroad_o he_o be_v not_o so_o terrible_a in_o rome_n the_o people_n in_o that_o city_n will_v not_o be_v â—oaksed_v nor_o persuade_v to_o let_v he_o live_v there_o though_o he_o protest_v he_o will_v meddle_v no_o far_o than_o ecclesiastical_a matter_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v thing_n at_o a_o distance_n be_v more_o dreadful_a than_o near_o at_o hand_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n frederick_n be_v return_v into_o italy_n with_o resolution_n to_o make_v a_o new_a war_n upon_o the_o pope_n but_o whilst_o he_o be_v busy_a about_o his_o preparation_n his_o baron_n and_o clergy_n give_v he_o advertisement_n that_o they_o will_v all_o forsake_v he_o unless_o he_o reconcile_v himself_o to_o the_o church_n so_o that_o change_v his_o design_n he_o be_v force_v to_o go_v and_o make_v his_o submission_n at_o venice_n and_o pacification_n be_v make_v the_o pope_n in_o the_o agreement_n deve_v the_o emperor_n of_o all_o the_o authority_n he_o pretend_v over_o rome_n and_o name_v william_n king_n of_o sicily_n and_o puglia_n his_o confederate_n frederick_n be_v a_o active_a prince_n and_o unable_a to_o lie_v still_o embark_v himself_o in_o the_o enterprise_n into_o asia_n to_o spend_v his_o ambition_n against_o the_o turk_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v so_o effectual_o against_o the_o pope_n but_o be_v get_v as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n cidvo_n allure_v by_o the_o clearness_n and_o excellence_n of_o the_o water_n he_o will_v needs_o wash_v himself_o in_o it_o and_o that_o wash_n give_v he_o his_o death_n those_o water_n be_v more_o beneficial_a to_o the_o turk_n than_o all_o excommunication_n to_o the_o christian_n for_o whereas_o these_o only_o cool_v and_o assuage_v his_o ambition_n they_o wash_v it_o away_o and_o extinguish_v it_o quite_o frederick_n be_v dead_a nothing_o remain_v now_o to_o be_v supprese_v but_o the_o contumacy_n of_o the_o roman_n after_o much_o argument_n and_o dispute_n about_o their_o creation_n of_o consul_n it_o be_v conclude_v the_o roman_n according_a to_o ancient_a custom_n shall_v have_v liberty_n to_o choose_v they_o but_o they_o shall_v not_o execute_v their_o office_n till_o they_o have_v swear_v fealty_n to_o the_o church_n upon_o this_o accord_n john_n the_o antipope_n flee_v to_o monte_n albano_n and_o die_v present_o after_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n william_n king_n of_o naples_n die_v also_o and_o have_v leave_v no_o son_n but_o tanacred_a a_o bastard_n the_o pope_n design_v to_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o his_o kingdom_n but_o by_o the_o opposition_n of_o the_o baron_n pope_n tanacred_a be_v make_v king_n afterward_o celestin_n iii_o come_v to_o the_o papacy_n and_o be_v desirous_a to_o wrest_v that_o kingdom_n from_o tanacred_a he_o contrive_v to_o make_v enrico_n frederick_n son_n king_n promise_v he_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v restore_v such_o land_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o church_n and_o to_o facilitate_v the_o business_n he_o take_v costanza_n a_o ancient_a maid_n daughter_n to_o king_n william_n out_o of_o a_o monastery_n and_o give_v she_o he_o for_o his_o wife_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n pass_v from_o the_o norman_n who_o have_v found_v it_o and_o fall_v under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o german_n henricus_fw-la the_o emperor_n have_v first_o settle_v his_o affair_n in_o germany_n come_v into_o italy_n with_o his_o wife_n costanza_n and_o one_o of_o his_o son_n call_v frederick_n about_o four_o year_n of_o age_n and_o without_o much_o difficulty_n possess_v himself_o of_o that_o kingdom_n tanacred_a be_v dead_a and_o only_o one_o child_n remain_v of_o his_o issue_n call_v roger_n not_o long_o after_o enricus_n die_v in_o sicily_n he_o be_v succeed_v in_o that_o kingdom_n by_o frederick_n and_o otto_n duke_n of_o saxony_n choose_a emperor_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o pope_n innocent_a iii_o but_o no_o soon_o have_v he_o get_v the_o crown_n upon_o his_o head_n but_o contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o man_n he_o become_v enemy_n to_o the_o pope_n seize_v upon_o romania_n and_o give_v out_o order_n for_o the_o assault_a that_o kingdom_n upon_o which_o be_v excommunicate_v by_o the_o pope_n and_o desert_v by_o his_o friend_n frederick_z king_n of_o naples_n be_v choose_v emperor_n in_o his_o place_n the_o say_v frederick_n come_v to_o rome_n to_o be_v crown_v the_o pope_n scruple_v it_o be_v jealous_a of_o his_o power_n and_o endeavour_v to_o persuade_v he_o out_o of_o italy_n as_o he_o have_v do_v otto_n before_o which_o frederick_n disdain_v retire_v into_o germany_n and_o make_v war_n upon_o otto_n overcome_v he_o at_o last_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n innocent_n die_v who_o beside_o other_o magnificent_a work_n build_v the_o hospital_n di_fw-mi santo_n spirito_n at_o rome_n honorius_n iii_o succeed_v he_o in_o who_o papacy_n be_v institute_v the_o order_n of_o s._n dominick_n and_o s._n francis_n pope_n in_o the_o year_n mccxviii_o honorius_n crown_v frederick_n to_o who_o john_n 1218._o descend_v from_o baldwin_n king_n of_o jerusalem_n who_o command_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o asia_n and_o retain_v that_o title_n give_v one_o of_o his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n and_o the_o title_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o dower_n with_o she_o and_o from_o that_o time_n whoever_o be_v king_n of_o naples_n have_v that_o title_n annex_v in_o italy_n at_o that_o time_n they_o live_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o roman_n have_v no_o more_o the_o creation_n of_o consul_n annex_v but_o in_o lieu_n of_o it_o they_o invest_v sometime_o one_o
house_n of_o amidei_n the_o lady_n much_o dissatisfy_v with_o her_o omission_n hope_v nevertheless_o her_o daughter_n beauty_n may_v be_v able_a to_o dissolve_v the_o contract_n see_v he_o pass_v one_o day_n alone_o towards_o her_o house_n she_o take_v her_o daughter_n along_o and_o go_v down_o to_o accost_v he_o and_o open_v the_o gate_n as_o he_o go_v by_o she_o salute_v he_o and_o tell_v he_o she_o can_v not_o but_o congratulate_v his_o marriage_n though_o indeed_o she_o have_v keep_v her_o daughter_n present_v she_o to_o he_o in_o hope_n she_o shall_v have_v be_v the_o bride_n the_o young_a gentleman_n behold_v the_o excellent_a beauty_n of_o the_o damotselle_n contemplate_v her_o extraction_n and_o that_o her_o fortune_n be_v not_o at_o all_o inferior_a to_o the_o person_n he_o have_v choose_v fall_v immediate_o into_o such_o a_o passion_n and_o desire_n to_o marry_v she_o that_o not_o consider_v the_o promise_n he_o have_v make_v the_o injustice_n he_o shall_v commit_v nor_o the_o ill_a consequence_n that_o may_v follow_v he_o reply_v see_v madam_n you_o have_v preserve_v she_o for_o i_o be_v not_o yet_o too_o late_o it_o will_v be_v ingratitude_n to_o refuse_v she_o and_o without_o more_o ado_n he_o marry_v she_o the_o notice_n of_o his_o inconstancy_n be_v no_o soon_o divulge_v but_o it_o be_v take_v in_o great_a indignity_n by_o the_o family_n of_o the_o amidei_n and_o uberti_n who_o at_o that_o time_n be_v near_o ally_v have_v consult_v among_o themselves_o and_o several_a other_o of_o their_o relation_n it_o be_v conclude_v the_o affront_n be_v insupportable_a and_o not_o to_o be_v expiate_v but_o by_o the_o death_n of_o messr_n buondelmonte_n and_o though_o some_o remonstrate_v the_o evil_n which_o may_v follow_v moscha_n lamberti_n reply_v that_o to_o consider_v every_o thing_n be_v to_o resolve_v on_o nothing_o super-adding_a a_o old_a adage_n that_o a_o thing_n once_o do_v be_v not_o capable_a of_o remedy_n upon_o which_o the_o fact_n be_v determine_v the_o perpetration_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o say_v moscha_n stiatta_n uberti_n lambertuccio_n amidei_n and_o oderigo_n fifanti_n upon_o easter-day_n in_o the_o morning_n they_o address_v themselves_o to_o the_o work_n and_o be_v private_o convey_v to_o a_o house_n belong_v to_o the_o amidei_n between_o the_o old_a bridge_n and_o st._n stephan_n messr_n buondelmonte_n pass_v the_o river_n upon_o a_o white_a horse_n as_o if_o a_o injury_n can_v as_o easy_o have_v be_v forget_v as_o a_o marriage_n have_v be_v break_v they_o set_v upon_o he_o at_o the_o foot_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o slay_v he_o under_o a_o statue_n of_o mars_n which_o be_v place_v thereby_o this_o murder_n divide_v the_o whole_a city_n part_n of_o it_o side_v with_o the_o buondelmonti_n and_o part_n with_o the_o uberti_n and_o both_o the_o family_n be_v powerful_a in_o house_n castle_n and_o man_n the_o quarrel_n continue_v many_o year_n before_o either_o can_v be_v eject_v yet_o though_o the_o animosity_n can_v not_o be_v extinguish_v by_o a_o firm_a and_o stable_a peace_n yet_o thing_n be_v palliate_v and_o compose_v sometime_o for_o the_o present_a by_o certain_a truce_n and_o cessation_n by_o which_o mean_v according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o accident_n they_o be_v sometime_o at_o quiet_a and_o sometime_o together_o by_o the_o ear_n in_o this_o condition_n florence_n continue_v till_o the_o reign_n of_o frederick_n 11._o who_o being_n king_n of_o naples_n and_o desirous_a to_o strengthen_v himself_o against_o the_o church_n to_o corroborate_v his_o interest_n in_o tuscany_n join_v himself_o to_o the_o uberti_n and_o their_o party_n by_o who_o assistance_n the_o buondelmonti_n be_v drive_v out_o of_o florence_n and_o that_o city_n as_o all_o italy_n have_v do_v before_o begin_v to_o divide_v into_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n florence_n and_o the_o ghibilin_n nor_o will_v it_o be_v amiss_o to_o commemorate_v how_o each_o family_n be_v engage_v the_o family_n therefore_o which_o side_v with_o the_o guelf_n be_v the_o buondelmonti_n nerti_n rossi_n frescobaldi_n mozzi_n baldi_n pulchi_n gherardini_n foraboschi_n bagnesi_n guidalotti_n sacchetti_n manieri_n lucardesi_n chiaramonti_n compiobbesi_n cavalcanti_fw-la giandonati_n gianfiliazzi_n scali_n guallerotti_n importuni_fw-la bostichi_n tornaquinci_n vecchietti_n fosinghi_n arrigucci_n agli_n silii_fw-la adimari_n visdomini_n donati_n pazzi_n della_fw-it bella_fw-la ardinghi_n theobaldi_n cerchi_n with_o the_o ghibiline_n there_o join_v the_o uberti_n manelli_n ubriachi_n fifanti_n amidei_n infanganti_n malespini_n scolari_n guidi_n galli_n capprardi_n lamberti_n soldanieri_n cipriani_n toschi_n amieri_n palermini_fw-la migliorelli_fw-la pigli_n barucci_n cattani_fw-la agolanti_n bruneleschi_n caponsachi_n elisei_n abbati_n fedaldini_fw-la guiocchi_fw-la galigai_n to_o which_o family_n of_o the_o nobility_n many_o of_o the_o populacy_n join_v themselves_o on_o each_o side_n as_o their_o interest_n or_o affection_n carry_v they_o so_o that_o in_o a_o manner_n the_o whole_a city_n be_v engage_v either_o on_o one_o side_n or_o the_o other_o the_o guelf_n be_v drive_v out_o retire_v into_o the_o vale_n upon_o the_o river_n arnus_n mention_v before_o and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o garrison_n be_v there_o they_o defend_v they_o as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v against_o the_o attack_n of_o their_o enemy_n but_o when_o frederick_n die_v those_o person_n who_o be_v neuter_n retain_v great_a interest_n and_o reputation_n with_o the_o people_n think_v it_o more_o serviceable_a to_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n to_o reconcile_v their_o difference_n and_o unite_v they_o than_o by_o foment_v they_o to_o destroy_v it_o whereupon_o endeavour_v a_o composure_n they_o prevail_v at_o length_n that_o the_o guelf_n shall_v lay_v aside_o their_o indignation_n and_o return_v and_o the_o ghibiline_n renounce_v their_o suspicion_n and_o receive_v they_o be_v unite_v in_o this_o manner_n it_o be_v think_v seasonable_a to_o provide_v for_o their_o liberty_n and_o to_o contrive_v some_o law_n for_o their_o defence_n before_o the_o new_a emperor_n shall_v get_v the_o power_n into_o his_o hand_n florence_n in_o order_n thereunto_o they_o divide_v the_o city_n into_o six_o part_n they_o choose_v twelve_o citizen_n two_o for_o each_o part_n which_o under_o the_o title_n of_o antiani_n they_o invest_v with_o the_o government_n but_o change_v they_o every_o year_n to_o prevent_v any_o animosity_n that_o may_v arise_v from_o the_o determination_n of_o the_o matter_n judicial_a antiani_n they_o constitute_v two_o foreign_a judge_n one_o of_o they_o call_v the_o captain_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o other_o the_o podesta_n to_o decide_v all_o civil_a and_o criminal_a cause_n which_o shall_v occur_v podesta_n and_o because_o law_n be_v but_o transient_a and_o of_o little_a duration_n where_o there_o be_v no_o power_n to_o defend_v they_o they_o establish_v xx_o colour_n in_o the_o city_n and_o 76_o in_o the_o territory_n under_o which_o all_o the_o youth_n be_v list_v militia_n and_o oblige_v to_o be_v ready_a in_o their_o arm_n under_o their_o respective_a colour_n as_o often_o and_o whenever_o the_o captain_n or_o antiani_n shall_v require_v they_o moreover_o as_o their_o ensign_n be_v distinct_a so_o be_v their_o arm_n some_o of_o they_o consist_v of_o crossbow_n some_o of_o they_o of_o halberd_n their_o ensign_n be_v change_v at_o every_o pentecost_n with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o dispose_v to_o new_a man_n and_o new_a captain_n put_v over_o their_o company_n beside_o to_o add_v majesty_n to_o their_o army_n and_o provide_v a_o refuge_n for_o such_o as_o be_v wound_v or_o disable_v in_o fight_n where_o they_o may_v refresh_v and_o recruit_v again_o to_o make_v head_n against_o the_o enemy_n they_o order_v a_o large_a chariot_n cover_v with_o red_a and_o draw_v by_o two_o white_a ox_n upon_o which_o their_o standard_n of_o white_a and_o red_a be_v to_o be_v place_v whenever_o their_o army_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v out_o this_o chariot_n be_v to_o be_v draw_v into_o the_o marketplace_n and_o with_o great_a formality_n consign_v to_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o people_n for_o the_o great_a magnificence_n and_o ostentation_n of_o their_o erterprise_n they_o have_v moreover_o custom_n a_o great_a bell_n call_v martinello_n which_o ring_v cotinual_o a_o month_n before_o they_o march_v with_o their_o army_n that_o the_o enemy_n may_v have_v so_o much_o time_n to_o provide_v for_o his_o defence_n so_o much_o gallantry_n there_o be_v then_o among_o man_n and_o with_o so_o much_o magnanimity_n they_o behave_v themselves_o that_o whereas_o now_o adays_o it_o be_v repute_v policy_n and_o wisdom_n to_o surprise_v a_o enemy_n and_o fall_v upon_o he_o while_o he_o be_v unprovided_a it_o be_v then_o think_v treacherous_a and_o ignoble_a this_o bell_n when_o they_o march_v be_v carry_v along_o with_o the_o army_n and_o by_o it_o the_o guard_n set_v and_o relieve_v and_o other_o military_a order_n derive_v by_o this_o discipline_n in_o civil_a and_o martial_a
garrison_n of_o his_o friend_n that_o though_o the_o people_n be_v very_o numerous_a and_o press_v hard_a to_o have_v enter_v they_o they_o can_v not_o prevail_v the_o conflict_n be_v smart_a many_o kill_v and_o wound_v on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o people_n find_v there_o be_v no_o entrance_n that_o way_n by_o force_n get_v into_o the_o house_n of_o his_o neighbour_n and_o through_o they_o they_o break_v unexpected_o into_o he_o corso_n find_v himself_o environ_v by_o his_o enemy_n and_o no_o hope_n of_o relief_n from_o ugnccione_n despair_v of_o victory_n he_o resolve_v to_o try_v what_o be_v possible_a for_o his_o escape_n advance_v therefore_o with_o gherardo_n bondini_n and_o several_a other_o his_o most_o faithful_a and_o valiant_a friend_n he_o charge_v so_o furious_o upon_o his_o enemy_n that_o he_o break_v they_o and_o make_v his_o way_n through_o they_o fight_v out_o of_o the_o pâ—â—ta_n della_fw-it croce_n nevertheless_o be_v pursue_v gherardo_n be_v slay_v by_o boccaccio_n cavicciulli_n upon_o the_o africa_n and_o corso_n be_v take_v prisoner_n at_o rovezano_n by_o certain_a spanish_a horseman_n belong_v to_o the_o signoria_n but_o disdain_v the_o sight_n of_o his_o victorious_a enemy_n and_o to_o prevent_v the_o torment_n which_o they_o will_v probable_o inflict_v as_o they_o be_v bring_v he_o back_o towards_o florence_n he_o throw_v himself_o off_o his_o horse_n and_o be_v cut_v to_o piece_n by_o one_o of_o the_o company_n his_o body_n be_v gather_v together_o by_o the_o monk_n of_o s._n salui_fw-la and_o bury_v but_o without_o any_o solemnity_n death_n this_o be_v the_o sad_a end_n of_o that_o magnanimous_a person_n to_o who_o his_o country_n and_o the_o neri_n owe_v much_o both_o of_o their_o good_a fortune_n and_o ill_a and_o doubtless_o have_v his_o mind_n be_v more_o moderate_a his_o memory_n will_v have_v be_v more_o honourable_a however_o he_o deserve_v a_o place_n among_o the_o best_a citizen_n this_o city_n do_v ever_o produce_v though_o indeed_o the_o turbulence_n of_o his_o spirit_n cause_v his_o country_n and_o party_n both_o to_o forget_v their_o obligation_n to_o he_o and_o at_o length_n procure_v his_o death_n and_o many_o mischief_n to_o they_o uguccione_n come_v to_o the_o relief_n of_o his_o son_n in_o law_n as_o far_o as_o remoli_fw-la and_o hear_v he_o be_v take_v by_o the_o people_n presume_v he_o can_v do_v he_o no_o good_a to_o save_v his_o own_o stake_n he_o return_v back_o as_o he_o come_v corso_n be_v dead_a in_o the_o year_n 1308._o 1308._o all_o tumult_n cease_v and_o every_o body_n live_v quiet_o till_o news_n be_v bring_v that_o arrigo_n the_o emperor_n be_v come_v into_o italy_n with_o all_o the_o florentinâ—_n exile_v in_o his_o company_n who_o he_o have_v promise_v to_o reinstate_v on_o their_o own_o country_n to_o obviate_v this_o and_o lessen_v the_o number_n of_o their_o enemy_n the_o magistrate_n think_v fit_a of_o themselves_o to_o reinvite_v all_o those_o who_o have_v be_v rebel_n but_o some_o few_o which_o be_v particular_o except_v those_o which_o be_v except_v be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o ghibiline_n and_o some_o of_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o bianchi_n among_o which_o be_v dante_n aleghieri_n the_o son_n of_o very_fw-la de_fw-fr cerchi_n and_o giano_fw-it della_fw-it bella._n they_o send_v likewise_o to_o desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o robert_n king_n of_o naples_n but_o not_o prevail_v in_o a_o amicable_a way_n without_o term_n they_o give_v he_o the_o government_n of_o their_o city_n for_o five_o year_n upon_o condition_n he_o will_v defend_v they_o as_o his_o subject_n the_o emperor_n in_o his_o passage_n come_v to_o pisa_n and_o from_o thence_o coast_v along_o the_o shore_n he_o go_v to_o rome_n where_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o year_n 1312_o after_o which_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o subduction_n of_o the_o florentine_n he_o march_v by_o the_o way_n of_o perugia_n and_o arezzo_n to_o florence_n and_o post_v himself_o with_o his_o army_n at_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n salui_fw-la where_o he_o continue_v fifty_o day_n without_o any_o considerable_a exploit_n despair_v of_o success_n against_o that_o city_n he_o remove_v to_o pisa_n confederate_v with_o the_o king_n of_o sicily_n to_o make_v a_o enterprise_n upon_o naples_n and_o march_v forward_o with_o his_o army_n but_o whilst_o he_o think_v himself_o sure_a of_o victory_n and_o robert_n give_v himself_o for_o lose_v the_o emperor_n die_v at_o buonconvento_n and_o that_o expedition_n miscarry_v not_o long_o after_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o uguccione_n become_v lord_n of_o pisa_n and_o by_o degree_n of_o lucca_n where_o he_o join_v himself_o with_o the_o ghibilines_n and_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o that_o faction_n commit_v great_a depredation_n upon_o the_o neighbour_n the_o florentine_n to_o free_v themselves_o from_o his_o excursion_n desire_v king_n robert_n that_o his_o brother_n piero_n may_v have_v the_o command_n of_o their_o army_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n uguccione_n be_v not_o idle_a to_o increase_v his_o number_n and_o extend_v his_o dominion_n partly_o by_o force_n and_o partly_o by_o stratagem_n he_o have_v possess_v himself_o of_o many_o strong_a castle_n in_o the_o valley_n of_o arno_n and_o nievole_n and_o have_v advance_v so_o far_o as_o to_o besiege_v monte_fw-fr catini_n the_o florentine_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o relieve_v it_o leave_v otherwise_o that_o conflagration_n shall_v consume_v their_o whole_a country_n have_v draw_v together_o a_o great_a army_n they_o march_v into_o the_o val_n di_fw-it nievole_fw-it give_v battle_n to_o uguccione_n and_o after_o a_o sharp_a sight_n be_v defeat_v in_o the_o battle_n they_o lose_v 2000_o man_n beside_o piero_n the_o king_n brother_n who_o body_n can_v never_o be_v find_v nor_o be_v the_o victory_n on_o uguccione_n side_n without_o some_o qualification_n he_o have_v lose_v one_o of_o his_o son_n and_o several_a officer_n of_o note_n after_o this_o disaster_n the_o florentine_n fortify_v at_o home_n as_o much_o as_o they_o can_v and_o king_n robert_n send_v they_o a_o new_a general_n call_v the_o conte_n di_fw-mi andrea_n with_o the_o title_n of_o conte_n novello_n by_o his_o deportment_n or_o rather_o by_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o florentine_n who_o property_n it_o be_v to_o increase_v upon_o every_o settlement_n and_o to_o fall_v afterward_o into_o faction_n upon_o every_o accident_n notwithstanding_o their_o present_a war_n with_o uguccione_n division_n they_o divide_v again_o and_o some_o be_v for_o king_n robert_n and_o other_o against_o he_o the_o chief_a of_o his_o adversary_n be_v simon_n della_fw-it tosa_n the_o magalotti_n and_o other_o popular_a family_n who_o have_v great_a interest_n in_o the_o government_n these_o person_n send_v first_o to_o france_n and_o then_o into_o germany_n to_o raise_v man_n and_o invite_v officer_n that_o by_o their_o assistance_n they_o may_v be_v able_a to_o rid_v themselves_o of_o their_o new_a governor_n the_o 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and_o much_o to_o be_v lament_v be_v the_o condition_n of_o this_o city_n which_o neither_o the_o consequence_n of_o their_o former_a division_n their_o apprehension_n of_o uguccione_n nor_o the_o authority_n of_o a_o king_n be_v sufficient_a to_o unite_v abroad_o they_o be_v infest_a by_o uguccione_n at_o home_o they_o be_v pillage_v by_o laudo_fw-la and_o yet_o no_o reconciliation_n the_o king_n friend_n many_o of_o the_o nobility_n several_a great_a man_n of_o the_o populace_n and_o all_o the_o guelf_n be_v enemy_n to_o laudo_fw-la and_o his_o party_n nevertheless_o the_o adversary_n have_v the_o authority_n in_o his_o hand_n they_o can_v not_o without_o manifest_a danger_n discover_v themselves_o however_o that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v deficient_a in_o what_o they_o be_v able_a to_o do_v towards_o the_o free_n themselves_o of_o so_o dishonourable_a a_o tyranny_n they_o write_v private_o to_o king_n robert_n to_o entreat_v that_o he_o will_v make_v conte_n guido_n da_fw-mi buttifolle_n his_o
force_v his_o passage_n into_o the_o town_n the_o florentine_n draw_v off_o to_o librafatta_n and_o the_o conte_n march_v out_o and_o sit_v down_o before_o pescia_n where_o pagolo_n da_fw-mi diaccetto_n be_v governor_n and_o in_o great_a fear_n run_v away_o to_o pistoia_n have_v not_o the_o town_n be_v better_o defend_v by_o giovanni_n malavolti_fw-la than_o by_o he_o it_o have_v be_v most_o dishonourable_o lose_v the_o conte_n not_o able_a to_o carry_v it_o at_o the_o first_o assault_n draw_v off_o to_o buggiano_n take_v that_o and_o stilano_n a_o castle_n not_o far_o off_o and_o burn_v both_o of_o they_o to_o the_o ground_n the_o florentine_n displease_v with_o this_o devastation_n apply_v themselves_o to_o a_o remedy_n which_o have_v often_o preserve_v they_o and_o know_v that_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n be_v easy_o corrupt_v than_o beat_v they_o cause_v a_o considerable_a sum_n to_o be_v proffer_v to_o the_o conte_n not_o only_o to_o depart_v but_o to_o deliver_v they_o the_o town_n the_o conte_n perceive_v no_o man_n be_v to_o be_v squeeze_v out_o of_o that_o city_n accept_v the_o proposition_n in_o part_n but_o not_o think_v it_o convenient_a in_o point_n of_o honour_n to_o put_v they_o in_o possession_n of_o the_o town_n he_o article_v to_o draw_v away_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o payment_n of_o 50000_o ducat_n this_o agreement_n be_v make_v that_o the_o people_n of_o lucca_n may_v excuse_v he_o to_o the_o duke_n he_o seize_v upon_o their_o governor_n which_o they_o have_v promise_v to_o depose_v antonio_n dell_fw-it rosso_n the_o sienna_n ambassador_n be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o lucca_n as_o we_o say_v before_o this_o antonio_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o conte_n meditate_a the_o destruction_n of_o pagolo_n the_o head_n of_o the_o conspiracy_n be_v pietro_n cennami_n and_o giovanni_n da_fw-mi chivizano_n the_o conte_n be_v quarter_v out_o of_o the_o town_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o serchio_n and_o with_o he_o the_o governor_n son_n the_o conspirator_n about_o 40_o in_o number_n go_v in_o the_o night_n to_o find_v out_o pagolo_n who_o hear_v of_o their_o intention_n come_v forth_o in_o great_a fear_n to_o meet_v they_o and_o inquire_v the_o occasion_n to_o who_o cennami_n make_v answer_v that_o they_o have_v be_v too_o long_o govern_v by_o he_o that_o the_o enemy_n be_v now_o about_o their_o wall_n and_o they_o bring_v into_o a_o necessity_n of_o die_a either_o by_o famine_n or_o the_o sword_n that_o for_o the_o future_a they_o be_v resolve_v to_o take_v the_o government_n into_o their_o own_o hand_n depose_v and_o therefore_o they_o demand_v that_o the_o treasure_n and_o the_o key_n of_o the_o city_n may_v be_v deliver_v to_o they_o pagolo_n reply_v that_o the_o treasure_n be_v consume_v but_o both_o the_o key_n and_o himself_o be_v at_o their_o service_n only_o he_o have_v no_o request_n to_o make_v to_o they_o that_o as_o his_o government_n have_v begin_v and_o continue_v without_o blood_n so_o there_o may_v be_v none_o spill_v at_o its_o conclusion_n hereupon_o pagolo_n and_o his_o son_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o conte_n francisco_n who_o present_v they_o to_o the_o duke_n and_o both_o of_o they_o die_v afterward_o in_o prison_n this_o departure_n of_o the_o conte_n have_v free_v the_o lucchesi_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o their_o governor_n and_o the_o florentine_a from_o the_o fear_n of_o his_o army_n both_o side_n fall_v again_o to_o their_o preparation_n the_o one_o to_o beleaguer_v and_o the_o other_o to_o defend_v the_o florentine_n make_v the_o conte_n orbino_n their_o general_n who_o begird_v the_o town_n so_o close_o the_o lucchesi_n be_v constrain_v once_o more_o to_o desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o under_o the_o same_o pretence_n as_o he_o have_v former_o send_v the_o conte_n send_v nicolo_n piccinino_n to_o relieve_v they_o piccinino_n advance_v with_o his_o troop_n to_o enter_v the_o town_n the_o florentine_n oppose_v his_o passage_n over_o the_o river_n the_o florentine_n be_v defeat_v after_o a_o sharp_a engagement_n and_o the_o general_n with_o very_a few_o of_o his_o force_n preserve_v themselves_o at_o pisa._n this_o disaster_n put_v the_o whole_a city_n in_o great_a consternation_n and_o because_o the_o enterprise_n have_v be_v undertake_v upon_o the_o people_n account_n defeat_v not_o know_v where_o else_o to_o direct_v their_o complaint_n they_o lay_v the_o fault_n upon_o the_o officer_n and_o manager_n see_v they_o can_v not_o fix_v it_o upon_o the_o contriver_n of_o the_o war_n and_o revive_v their_o old_a article_n against_o rinaldo_n but_o the_o great_a part_n of_o their_o indignation_n fall_v upon_o giovanni_n guiccardini_fw-la charge_v he_o that_o it_o be_v in_o his_o power_n to_o have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o war_n after_o conte_n francisco_n be_v depart_v but_o that_o he_o have_v be_v corrupt_v by_o their_o money_n part_n of_o which_o have_v be_v remit_v to_o his_o own_o house_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o part_v he_o have_v receive_v himself_o and_o carry_v it_o with_o he_o these_o report_n and_o rumour_n go_v so_o high_a that_o the_o captain_n of_o the_o people_n move_v by_o they_o and_o the_o importunity_n of_o the_o contrary_a party_n summon_v he_o before_o he_o giovanni_n appear_v but_o full_a of_o indignation_n whereupon_o his_o relation_n interpose_v and_o to_o their_o great_a honour_n prevail_v so_o far_o with_o the_o captain_n that_o the_o process_n be_v lay_v aside_o the_o lucchesi_n upon_o this_o victory_n not_o only_o recover_v their_o own_o town_n but_o overran_a and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o whole_a territory_n of_o pisa_n except_o biantina_fw-la calcinaia_n liccorno_n and_o librafatta_n and_o have_v not_o a_o conspiracy_n be_v accident_o discover_v in_o pisa_n that_o city_n have_v be_v lose_v among_o the_o rest_n the_o florentine_n however_o recruit_v their_o army_n and_o send_v it_o out_o under_o the_o command_n of_o micheletto_n who_o have_v be_v breed_v up_o a_o soldier_n under_o sforza_n the_o duke_n have_v obtain_v the_o victory_n to_o overlie_v the_o florentine_n with_o multitude_n of_o enemy_n procure_v a_o league_n betwixt_o the_o genovesi_n sanisi_fw-la and_o the_o lord_n of_o piombino_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o lucca_n and_o that_o piccinino_n shall_v be_v their_o general_n which_o thing_n alone_o be_v the_o discovery_n of_o the_o plot_n hereupon_o the_o venetian_n and_o florentine_n renew_v there_o league_n open_v hostility_n be_v commit_v both_o in_o lombardy_n and_o tuscany_n and_o many_o skirmish_n and_o rencounter_n happen_v with_o various_a fortune_n on_o both_o side_n till_o at_o length_n every_o body_n be_v tire_v 1433._o a_o general_n peace_n be_v conclude_v betwixt_o all_o party_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1433._o by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o the_o florentine_n siennesi_n lucchesi_n and_o who_o ever_o else_o during_o that_o war_n have_v take_v any_o town_n or_o castle_n from_o their_o enemy_n lucchesi_n shall_v restore_v they_o and_o all_o thing_n return_v to_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o owner_n during_o the_o time_n of_o this_o war_n abroad_o the_o malignant_a and_o factious_a humour_n begin_v to_o work_v again_o and_o ferment_n at_o home_n and_o cosimo_n de_fw-fr medici_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n begin_v to_o manage_v the_o public_a business_n with_o great_a intention_n and_o magnanimity_n and_o converse_v with_o his_o friend_n with_o great_a freedom_n than_o his_o father_n have_v do_v insomuch_o that_o those_o who_o before_o be_v glad_a at_o the_o death_n of_o giovanni_n be_v much_o surprise_v and_o confound_v to_o see_v he_o so_o far_o outdo_v by_o his_o son_n cosimo_n be_v a_o wise_a and_o sagacious_a gentleman_n grave_a but_o grateful_a in_o his_o presence_n liberal_a and_o courteous_a to_o the_o high_a never_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o any_o party_n nor_o the_o state_n but_o watch_v all_o opportunity_n of_o do_v good_a to_o every_o body_n and_o 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encourage_v the_o florentine_n to_o a_o expedition_n against_o lucca_n and_o give_v they_o great_a hope_n of_o success_n in_o which_o they_o carry_v themselves_o without_o either_o fear_n or_o respect_n see_v the_o duke_n who_o be_v the_o only_a person_n they_o apprehend_v employ_v by_o the_o venetian_n and_o the_o lucchesi_n by_o have_v as_o it_o be_v receive_v their_o enemy_n into_o their_o house_n and_o give_v they_o cause_n to_o invade_v they_o have_v leave_v themselves_o no_o ground_n to_o complain_v in_o april_n therefore_o 1437._o in_o the_o year_n 1437_o the_o conte_n march_v with_o his_o army_n and_o before_o he_o will_v fall_v upon_o any_o thing_n of_o the_o enemy_n he_o address_v himself_o to_o the_o recovery_n of_o what_o have_v be_v lose_v and_o according_o he_o reduce_v s._n maria_n de_fw-fr castello_n and_o whatever_o else_o have_v be_v take_v by_o piccinino_n then_o advance_v against_o the_o lucchesi_n he_o sit_v down_o before_o camajore_fw-la who_o garrison_n and_o 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strange_a and_o the_o sense_n so_o implicit_a and_o abstruse_a that_o nothing_o can_v be_v make_v out_o of_o it_o yet_o that_o obscurity_n consider_v with_o its_o direction_n to_o a_o enemy_n alarm_v his_o holiness_n so_o as_o he_o resolve_v to_o secure_v he_o the_o care_n of_o his_o apprehension_n he_o commit_v to_o antonio_n rido_n da_fw-mi padova_n who_o he_o have_v make_v governor_n of_o the_o castle_n of_o rome_n antonio_z as_o soon_o as_o he_o have_v his_o order_n be_v ready_a to_o execute_v they_o and_o expect_v a_o opportunity_n the_o patriarch_n have_v resolve_v to_o pass_v into_o tuscany_n and_o have_v fix_v upon_o the_o next_o day_n for_o his_o departure_n from_o rome_n he_o send_v to_o the_o governor_n that_o he_o will_v be_v upon_o the_o bridge_n next_o morning_n at_o a_o precise_a hour_n for_o he_o have_v something_o to_o discourse_v with_o he_o antonio_n think_v now_o his_o opportunity_n be_v come_v order_v his_o people_n as_o he_o think_v convenient_a and_o at_o the_o 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hear_v what_o argument_n the_o count_n can_v produce_v to_o the_o contrary_a who_o with_o good_a reason_n make_v it_o out_o to_o he_o that_o to_o endeavour_v the_o relief_n of_o brescia_n in_o that_o juncture_n will_v be_v not_o only_o ineffectual_a at_o present_a but_o much_o to_o their_o prejudice_n afterward_o for_o consider_v the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o situation_n of_o the_o town_n nothing_o can_v be_v do_v he_o shall_v only_o harrass_n and_o disorder_n his_o man_n so_o as_o when_o a_o proper_a time_n for_o action_n shall_v come_v he_o shall_v be_v force_v to_o draw_v of_o to_o verona_n to_o supply_v himself_o with_o what_o the_o winter_n have_v consume_v and_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o their_o future_a support_n so_o that_o all_o the_o time_n that_o be_v fit_a for_o action_n will_v be_v spend_v in_o march_v backward_o and_o forward_o venetian_n to_o adjust_a these_o thing_n orsalto_n justiniani_fw-la and_o giovan_n pisani_n be_v send_v to_o verona_n to_o the_o count_n by_o who_o it_o be_v conclude_v after_o much_o dispute_n that_o the_o venetian_n for_o the_o ensue_a year_n shall_v give_v the_o count_n 80000._o ducat_n and_o 40._o a_o piece_n to_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n that_o he_o shall_v march_v forth_o with_o his_o whole_a army_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o duke_n endeavour_v by_o some_o smart_a impression_n upon_o his_o country_n to_o make_v he_o recall_v nicolo_n out_o of_o lombardy_n after_o which_o conclusion_n they_o return_v to_o venice_n but_o the_o venetian_n the_o sum_n be_v think_v very_o great_a go_v on_o but_o slow_o with_o their_o preparation_n nicolo_n piccinino_n proceed_v however_o be_v get_v already_o into_o the_o country_n of_o romagna_n and_o tamper_v so_o successful_o with_o the_o son_n of_o pandolfo_n malatesta_n that_o they_o desert_v the_o venetian_n and_o take_v up_o arm_n under_o the_o duke_n this_o news_n be_v unpleasing_a at_o venice_n but_o at_o florence_n much_o more_o because_o that_o way_n they_o think_v to_o have_v give_v nicolo_n a_o stop_n but_o the_o malatesti_n be_v in_o rebellion_n the_o florentine_n be_v not_o a_o little_a dismay_v especial_o fear_v that_o their_o general_n piero_n giampagolo_n orsino_n who_o be_v then_o in_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o malatesti_n may_v be_v defeat_v and_o they_o by_o consequence_n disarm_v nicolo_n these_o tiding_n be_v also_o no_o small_a trouble_n to_o the_o count_n who_o begin_v to_o apprehend_v if_o nicolo_n pass_v into_o tuscany_n he_o may_v be_v in_o danger_n of_o lose_v la_n marca_n and_o dispose_v to_o secure_v his_o own_o country_n if_o he_o can_v he_o come_v to_o venice_n and_o be_v introduce_v to_o the_o duke_n he_o declare_v to_o he_o that_o his_o passage_n into_o tuscany_n will_v be_v convenient_a for_o the_o league_n for_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v carry_v on_o where_o the_o general_n and_o army_n of_o the_o enemy_n be_v and_o not_o among_o their_o private_a and_o particular_a town_n and_o garrison_n because_o their_o 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lose_v and_o that_o it_o will_v be_v to_o no_o purpose_n to_o consume_v more_o money_n in_o defend_v it_o for_o he_o can_v be_v no_o wise_a man_n who_o endeavour_v to_o defend_v that_o which_o he_o be_v sure_a to_o lose_v and_o he_o no_o fool_n who_o choose_v to_o lose_v his_o country_n alone_o rather_o than_o his_o country_n and_o money_n too_o and_o if_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o affair_n shall_v follow_v it_o will_v then_o be_v clear_a enough_o how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o reputation_n of_o the_o venetian_n to_o protect_v romagna_n and_o tuscany_n but_o the_o whole_a senate_n be_v against_o his_o opinion_n believe_v if_o he_o succeed_v in_o lombardy_n he_o shall_v be_v sure_o every_a where_o else_o and_o that_o can_v be_v no_o hard_a task_n that_o state_n upon_o nicolo_n departure_n be_v leave_v weak_a and_o infirm_a
thence_o direct_o towards_o anghiari_n in_o battalion_n nicolo_n arrive_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n within_o two_o mile_n when_o micheletto_n attendulo_fw-la perceive_v a_o great_a dust_n and_o suspect_v it_o to_o be_v the_o enemy_n cry_v out_o to_o have_v all_o people_n stand_v to_o their_o arms._n the_o tumult_n in_o the_o florentine_a camp_n be_v not_o small_a anghiari_n for_o that_o army_n encamp_v ordinary_o without_o any_o discipline_n and_o be_v negligent_a beside_o in_o presumption_n the_o enemy_n be_v further_o off_o they_o be_v fit_a to_o fly_v than_o to_o fight_v all_o of_o they_o be_v disarm_v and_o straggle_v from_o their_o quarter_n into_o such_o place_n as_o the_o shade_n or_o their_o recreation_n have_v carry_v they_o nevertheless_o so_o much_o diligence_n be_v use_v by_o the_o commissary_n and_o the_o general_n that_o before_o the_o enemy_n can_v get_v up_o they_o be_v on_o horseback_n and_o in_o order_n to_o receive_v they_o and_o as_o micheletto_n be_v the_o first_o that_o discover_v they_o so_o he_o be_v the_o first_o that_o engage_v they_o run_v with_o his_o troop_n to_o secure_v the_o bridge_n which_o cross_v the_o way_n not_o far_o from_o anghiari_n micheletto_n have_v post_v himself_o at_o the_o bridge_n simomino_fw-la a_o officer_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o his_o legate_n place_v themselves_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o the_o florentine_a commissary_n and_o general_n on_o the_o left_a have_v plant_v the_o forth_o as_o thick_a as_o possible_a upon_o the_o bank_n there_o be_v only_o one_o way_n for_o the_o enemy_n to_o attack_v they_o and_o that_o be_v by_o the_o bridge_n nor_o have_v the_o florentine_n any_o where_o to_o defend_v themselves_o but_o there_o only_o they_o order_v their_o foot_n that_o if_o the_o enemy_n foot_n shall_v leave_v the_o high_a way_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o horse_n they_o shall_v let_v fly_v at_o they_o with_o their_o crossbow_n and_o give_v their_o cavalry_n a_o secure_a passage_n over_o the_o bridge_n the_o first_o that_o appear_v be_v gallant_o receive_v by_o micheletto_n and_o repulse_v but_o astor_n re_fw-mi and_o francisco_n piccinino_n come_v in_o with_o a_o command_v party_n to_o their_o relief_n they_o charge_v he_o so_o brisk_o that_o micheletto_n be_v not_o only_o beat_v back_o over_o the_o bridge_n but_o pursue_v to_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o town_n and_o they_o which_o pursue_v they_o be_v charge_v again_o in_o the_o flank_n be_v repulse_v over_o the_o bridge_n and_o all_o thing_n as_o at_o first_o this_o skirmish_n continue_v two_o hour_n complete_a sometime_o nicolo_n and_o sometime_o the_o florentine_n be_v master_n of_o the_o bridge_n and_o though_o the_o fight_n upon_o the_o bridge_n be_v equal_a to_o both_o yet_o on_o this_o side_n and_o the_o other_o nicolo_n have_v much_o the_o disadvantage_n for_o nicolo_n man_n pass_v the_o bridge_n be_v receive_v by_o a_o gross_a of_o the_o enemy_n which_o be_v draw_v up_o with_o advantage_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o ground_n can_v charge_v or_o wheel_n or_o relieve_v those_o that_o be_v distress_v as_o they_o see_v occasion_n but_o when_o the_o florentine_n pass_v over_o nicolo_n have_v no_o place_n to_o relieve_v his_o man_n for_o the_o ditch_n and_o bank_n in_o the_o way_n as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o conflict_n for_o though_o nicolo_n force_n gain_v the_o bridge_n several_a time_n yet_o by_o the_o fresh_a supply_n of_o the_o enemy_n they_o be_v still_o force_v to_o give_v back_o but_o when_o the_o florentine_n prevail_v and_o pass_v over_o the_o bridge_n nicolo_n have_v not_o time_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o briskness_n of_o their_o charge_n and_o the_o incommodity_n of_o the_o ground_n to_o reinforce_v his_o man_n defeat_v but_o those_o which_o be_v behind_o be_v force_v to_o mix_v with_o those_o that_o be_v before_o one_o disorder_v the_o other_o and_o the_o whole_a army_n be_v constrain_v to_o fly_v and_o every_o man_n get_v to_o bargo_n as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v the_o florentine_n let_v they_o go_v as_o have_v more_o inclination_n to_o the_o plunder_v which_o in_o horse_n arm_n and_o other_o thing_n afford_v they_o a_o plentiful_a prey_n for_o with_o nicolo_n there_o escape_v not_o above_o 1000_o horse_n most_o of_o the_o rest_n be_v take_v prisoner_n the_o citizen_n of_o borgo_n who_o have_v follow_v nicolo_n for_o prize_n become_v prize_v themselves_o and_o be_v most_o of_o they_o take_v with_o all_o their_o carriage_n and_o colour_n this_o victory_n be_v not_o so_o much_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o duke_n as_o it_o be_v advantageous_a to_o tuscany_n for_o have_v the_o florentine_n lose_v the_o day_n that_o province_n have_v be_v he_o but_o he_o lose_v it_o lose_v nothing_o but_o his_o arm_n and_o his_o horse_n which_o a_o little_a money_n will_v recruit_v never_o be_v there_o any_o war_n make_v in_o a_o enemy_n country_n with_o less_o execution_n than_o in_o this_o for_o in_o so_o great_a a_o rout_n and_o so_o sharp_a a_o engagement_n which_o last_v four_o hour_n there_o be_v but_o one_o man_n slay_v and_o he_o not_o by_o any_o wound_n or_o honourable_a exploit_n but_o fall_v from_o his_o horse_n he_o be_v tread_v to_o death_n with_o such_o security_n do_v they_o fight_v then_o for_o all_o of_o they_o be_v cuirasher_n on_o horseback_n and_o complete_o arm_v they_o can_v not_o present_o be_v kill_v and_o if_o they_o find_v there_o be_v no_o likelihood_n of_o get_v off_o themselves_o or_o be_v rescue_v by_o their_o friend_n they_o surrender_v before_o they_o can_v come_v at_o they_o to_o slay_v they_o this_o battle_n both_o in_o itself_o and_o consequence_n be_v a_o great_a instance_n of_o the_o unhappiness_n of_o that_o war_n for_o the_o enemy_n be_v beat_v and_o nicolo_n flee_v to_o borgo_n the_o commissioner_n will_v have_v pursue_v and_o besiege_v he_o in_o that_o place_n to_o have_v make_v there_o victory_n entire_a but_o some_o of_o the_o officer_n and_o soldier_n will_v not_o obey_v pretend_v they_o will_v dispose_v of_o their_o plunder_v and_o cure_v themselves_o of_o their_o wound_n and_o which_o be_v more_o remarkable_a the_o next_o day_n about_o noon_n without_o any_o regard_n to_o or_o leave_v from_o their_o superior_a officer_n they_o go_v to_o arezzo_n deposit_v their_o prey_n and_o return_v to_o anghiari_n when_o they_o have_v do_v a_o thing_n so_o contrary_a to_o all_o order_n and_o military_a discipline_n that_o the_o relic_n and_o remainder_n of_o any_o well_o govern_v army_n will_v easy_o have_v robe_v they_o of_o their_o victory_n which_o so_o undeserved_o they_o have_v obtain_v and_o beside_o this_o the_o commissioner_n give_v order_n that_o all_o prisoner_n shall_v be_v keep_v to_o prevent_v their_o rally_v or_o get_v together_o again_o in_o spite_n of_o their_o order_n they_o dismiss_v they_o all_o a_o thing_n most_o just_o to_o be_v admire_v that_o a_o army_n so_o constitute_v shall_v be_v able_a to_o get_v the_o victory_n and_o that_o the_o enemy_n shall_v be_v so_o poor_a spirit_v as_o to_o be_v beat_v by_o they_o whilst_o the_o florentine_n therefore_o be_v march_v to_o arezzo_n and_o return_v again_o nicolo_n have_v opportunity_n to_o quit_v borgo_n and_o draw_v off_o all_o his_o man_n towards_o romagna_n and_o with_o he_o the_o florentine_a exile_n who_o see_v their_o hope_n desperate_a of_o return_v to_o florence_n they_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o part_n of_o italy_n and_o some_o of_o they_o into_o other_o country_n as_o their_o convenience_n prompt_v they_o of_o these_o rinaldo_n choose_v ancona_n for_o his_o residence_n and_o afterward_o to_o obtain_v a_o mansion_n in_o heaven_n for_o that_o which_o he_o have_v lose_v upon_o earth_n he_o go_v to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o our_o saviour_n from_o whence_o be_v return_v as_o he_o be_v sit_v at_o table_n very_o merry_a at_o the_o wedding_n of_o one_o of_o his_o daughter_n he_o fall_v down_o on_o a_o sudden_a and_o die_v his_o fortune_n be_v favourable_a so_o far_o as_o to_o take_v he_o away_o in_o one_o of_o the_o most_o pleasant_a day_n of_o his_o life_n a_o man_n true_o honourable_a in_o all_o condition_n but_o will_v have_v be_v much_o more_o have_v his_o star_n bring_v he_o forth_o in_o a_o city_n that_o have_v be_v unite_v for_o florence_n be_v factious_a the_o same_o thing_n disgust_v there_o which_o will_v have_v be_v reward_v in_o another_o place_n the_o commissary_n when_o their_o man_n be_v come_v back_o from_o arezzo_n and_o nicolo_n depart_v present_v themselves_o before_o borgo_n whereupon_o the_o townsman_n will_v have_v surrender_v to_o the_o florentine_n but_o can_v not_o be_v accept_v in_o this_o treaty_n and_o negotiation_n the_o commissary_n become_v jealous_a of_o the_o pope_n legate_n lest_o he_o have_v a_o design_n for_o seize_v it_o for_o the_o church_n so_o that_o they_o come_v to_o ill_a language_n and_o doubtless_o
conquer_a have_v time_n to_o recruit_v and_o the_o conqueror_n have_v none_o to_o pursue_v this_o disorder_n and_o perverseness_n in_o the_o soldier_n be_v the_o reason_n that_o nicolo_n be_v recruit_v and_o on_o horse_n back_o again_o before_o his_o defeat_n be_v know_v through_o italy_n and_o sharp_a war_n he_o make_v upon_o his_o enemy_n afterward_o than_o he_o have_v â—ver_o do_v before_o this_o it_o be_v that_o after_o his_o rout_n before_o brescia_n enable_v he_o to_o surprise_v verona_n this_o it_o be_v that_o after_o he_o be_v worsted_n at_o verona_n give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o invade_v tuscany_n this_o it_o be_v that_o after_o his_o loss_n at_o anghiari_n recruit_v he_o again_o and_o make_v he_o strong_a in_o the_o field_n ere_o he_o get_v to_o romagna_n than_o he_o be_v before_o which_o give_v the_o duke_n new_a hope_n of_o defend_v lombardy_n though_o by_o mean_n of_o his_o absence_n he_o have_v look_v upon_o it_o as_o lose_v for_o whilst_o nicolo_n be_v give_v the_o enemy_n a_o alarm_n at_o tuscany_n the_o duke_n of_o milan_n be_v reduce_v to_o a_o condition_n of_o hazard_v all_o and_o therefore_o apprehend_v he_o may_v be_v undo_v before_o nicolo_n who_o be_v send_v for_o will_v come_v to_o his_o rescue_n to_o stop_v the_o career_n of_o the_o count_n and_o temper_v his_o fortune_n by_o industry_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v by_o force_n he_o have_v recourse_n to_o those_o remedy_n which_o in_o the_o like_a case_n he_o have_v many_o time_n use_v and_o send_v nicolo_n da_fw-mi esti_n prince_n of_o ferrara_n to_o peschiera_n to_o the_o count_n to_o persuade_v he_o in_o his_o name_n to_o a_o peace_n peace_n and_o to_o remonstrate_v to_o he_o that_o the_o prosecution_n of_o the_o war_n can_v not_o turn_v to_o his_o advantage_n for_o if_o the_o duke_n shall_v be_v distress_v and_o unable_a to_o maintain_v his_o â—eputation_n the_o count_n will_v be_v the_o first_o which_o will_v suffer_v by_o it_o by_o reason_n the_o venetian_n and_o florentine_n will_v have_v no_o far_o occasion_n and_o by_o consequence_n no_o far_o esteem_v for_o he_o and_o as_o a_o testimony_n of_o the_o sincerity_n of_o his_o proposal_n the_o duke_n offer_v to_o coâ—â—mmate_v his_o marriage_n and_o send_v his_o daughter_n to_o ferrara_n to_o be_v deliver_v to_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v to_o which_o the_o count_n reply_v that_o if_o the_o duke_n do_v true_o desire_v peace_n he_o may_v easy_o have_v it_o for_o the_o venetian_n and_o florentine_n be_v as_o much_o incline_v to_o it_o as_o he_o but_o the_o difficulty_n will_v be_v to_o persuade_v they_o he_o be_v in_o earnest_n as_o know_v he_o will_v never_o have_v propose_v any_o such_o thing_n have_v not_o some_o necessity_n constrain_v he_o and_o as_o soon_o as_o that_o shall_v be_v remove_v he_o will_v make_v war_n upon_o they_o again_o as_o to_o the_o business_n of_o his_o marriage_n he_o can_v not_o repose_v any_o confidence_n in_o his_o promise_n have_v be_v so_o often_o baffle_v by_o he_o before_o nevertheless_o if_o every_o thing_n else_o be_v agree_v he_o shall_v proceed_v in_o it_o as_o his_o friend_n shall_v advise_v the_o venetian_n who_o be_v jealous_a of_o their_o soldier_n where_o they_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o be_v so_o have_v reason_n enough_o to_o be_v suspicious_a here_o which_o the_o count_n be_v desirous_a to_o remove_v prosecute_v the_o war_n with_o all_o diligence_n imaginable_a but_o his_o mind_n be_v so_o inflame_v with_o ambition_n and_o the_o venetian_n so_o slack_a and_o intepidate_v with_o jealousy_n little_o more_o be_v do_v that_o summer_n so_o that_o when_o nicolo_n piccinino_n return_v into_o lombardy_n winter_n come_v on_o and_o the_o army_n be_v send_v to_o their_o winter_n quarter_n the_o count_n to_o verona_n the_o duke_n to_o cremona_n the_o florentine_n into_o tuscany_n and_o the_o pope_n army_n to_o romagna_n which_o after_o the_o battle_n of_o anghiari_n assault_v furli_fw-la and_o bologna_n in_o hope_n to_o have_v take_v they_o from_o francisco_n piccinino_n who_o keep_v they_o from_o his_o father_n and_o defend_v they_o so_o well_o they_o can_v not_o get_v they_o out_o of_o his_o hand_n nevertheless_o their_o come_n into_o those_o part_n so_o terrify_v the_o people_n of_o ravenna_n that_o to_o avoid_v the_o domination_n of_o the_o church_n by_o consent_n of_o osâ—asio_n di_fw-mi potenta_fw-mi their_o lord_n they_o submit_v to_o the_o venetian_a who_o in_o recompense_n of_o his_o kindness_n that_o he_o may_v never_o recover_v by_o force_n what_o he_o have_v give_v they_o with_o so_o little_a discretion_n send_v ostasio_n with_o his_o only_a son_n to_o spend_v their_o day_n in_o candia_n where_o they_o die_v in_o which_o expedition_n his_o holiness_n want_v money_n notwithstanding_o the_o victory_n at_o anghiari_n he_o be_v glad_a to_o sell_v the_o castle_n of_o borgâ—_n a_o san_n sepulcro_fw-la to_o the_o florentine_n for_o 25000_o ducat_n venetian_n thing_n be_v in_o this_o posture_n and_o all_o side_n think_v themselves_o safe_a as_o long_o as_o it_o be_v winter_n all_o thought_n of_o peace_n be_v lay_v aside_o especial_o by_o the_o duke_n who_o think_v himself_o double_o safe_a both_o in_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n and_o the_o arrival_n of_o nicolo_n have_v therefore_o break_v of_o his_o treaty_n with_o the_o count_n a_o little_a abrupt_o and_o in_o great_a haste_n rig_v out_o nicolo_n again_o with_o all_o provision_n and_o accoutrement_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o war_n the_o count_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o preparation_n go_v to_o venice_n to_o consult_v the_o senate_n how_o affair_n be_v to_o be_v order_v the_o next_o summer_n when_o nicolo_n be_v ready_a perceive_v the_o enemy_n out_o of_o order_n he_o never_o stay_v for_o the_o spring_n but_o in_o the_o cold_a of_o the_o winter_n he_o pass_v the_o adda_n and_o acri_n surprise_v 2000_o horse_n and_o take_v most_o of_o they_o prisoner_n but_o that_o which_o touch_v the_o count_n near_o and_o startle_v the_o venetian_n be_v the_o defection_n of_o ciarpellone_n one_o of_o his_o principal_a officer_n who_o go_v over_o to_o the_o duke_n the_o count_n have_v no_o soon_o the_o news_n but_o he_o leave_v venice_n and_o come_v with_o all_o possible_a speed_n to_o brescia_n he_o find_v nicolo_n retire_v and_o go_v back_o to_o his_o former_a station_n the_o count_n have_v no_o mind_n find_v the_o enemy_n go_v to_o follow_v he_o at_o that_o time_n but_o choose_v rather_o to_o defer_v till_o some_o advantage_n shall_v tempt_v he_o and_o give_v he_o opportunity_n to_o revenge_v himself_o he_o prevail_v therefore_o with_o the_o venetian_n to_o recall_v the_o force_n they_o have_v in_o the_o florentine_a service_n in_o tuscany_n and_o to_o confer_v the_o command_n of_o they_o upon_o micheletto_n attendulo_fw-la gattamelata_fw-la be_v dead_a the_o spring_n be_v come_v nicolo_n piccinino_n be_v first_o in_o the_o field_n league_n and_o besiege_a cignano_n a_o castle_n some_o twelve_o mile_n 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the_o besiege_a and_o the_o count_n than_o the_o castle_n for_o the_o count_n can_v neither_o keep_v the_o siege_n for_o want_v of_o provision_n nor_o rise_v for_o fear_v of_o nicolo_n army_n and_o every_o body_n expect_v victory_n for_o the_o duke_n and_o destruction_n for_o his_o enemy_n but_o fortune_n which_o never_o want_v way_n of_o favour_v her_o friend_n and_o disoblige_v her_o enemy_n bring_v it_o about_o that_o nicolo_n in_o confidence_n of_o his_o victory_n be_v grow_v so_o insolent_a haughty_a that_o without_o respect_n to_o the_o duke_n or_o himself_o he_o send_v he_o word_n that_o he_o have_v serve_v he_o a_o long_a time_n and_o as_o yet_o not_o gain_v so_o much_o ground_n as_o will_v bury_v he_o when_o he_o die_v he_o desire_v therefore_o to_o know_v what_o recompense_n he_o be_v to_o expect_v for_o all_o his_o danger_n and_o fatigue_n for_o it_o be_v
not_o content_a to_o make_v war_n against_o he_o in_o romagna_n only_o design_v to_o deprive_v he_o of_o cremona_n and_o pontremoli_n but_o pontrâ—moli_n be_v defend_v for_o he_o by_o the_o florentine_n and_o cremona_n by_o the_o venetian_n so_o that_o the_o war_n be_v receive_v again_o in_o lombardy_n lombardy_n and_o many_o trouble_v ensue_v in_o the_o country_n of_o cremona_n among_o which_o the_o duke_n general_n francisco_n piccinino_n be_v overthrow_v at_o casale_n by_o micheletto_n and_o the_o venetian_a army_n and_o the_o venetian_n conceive_v hope_n thereupon_o of_o depose_v the_o duke_n send_v their_o commissary_n to_o cremona_n assault_v ghiaradadda_n and_o take_v all_o that_o country_n except_z cremona_n itself_o and_o then_o pass_v the_o adda_n they_o make_v their_o excursion_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o milan_n the_o duke_n not_o satisfy_v with_o his_o condition_n apply_v himself_o to_o alfonso_n king_n of_o arragon_n for_o succour_n represent_v the_o ill_a consequence_n which_o will_v follow_v upon_o his_o dominion_n in_o naples_n if_o lombardy_n shall_v fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o venetian_n alfonso_n promise_v to_o send_v he_o supply_n but_o their_o passage_n will_v be_v difficult_a without_o the_o permission_n of_o the_o count_n upon_o which_o consideration_n duke_n philip_n address_v himself_o to_o the_o count_n and_o beg_v of_o he_o that_o he_o will_v not_o abandon_v the_o father-in-law_n who_o be_v both_o age_a and_o blind_a the_o count_n be_v much_o offend_v with_o the_o duke_n for_o have_v pull_v those_o war_n upon_o he_o and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o venetian_n do_v not_o please_v he_o at_o all_o beside_o his_o money_n be_v go_v and_o the_o league_n supply_v he_o but_o cold_o for_o the_o florentine_n be_v now_o free_v from_o their_o apprehension_n of_o the_o duke_n party_n which_o be_v the_o great_a cause_n of_o their_o caress_v the_o count_n and_o the_o venetian_n desire_v his_o ruin_n as_o the_o only_a person_n capable_a of_o carry_v the_o whole_a state_n of_o lombardy_n from_o they_o nevertheless_o whilst_o philip_n be_v seduce_v he_o to_o his_o side_n and_o promise_v he_o the_o command_n of_o all_o his_o force_n upon_o a_o condition_n he_o will_v leave_v the_o venetian_n and_o restore_v la_fw-fr marca_n to_o the_o pope_n they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o he_o promise_v he_o milan_n when_o it_o be_v take_v and_o the_o generalship_n of_o their_o army_n in_o perpetuum_fw-la so_o he_o will_v prosecute_v the_o war_n in_o la_fw-fr marca_n and_o obstruct_v the_o supply_n which_o be_v send_v by_o alfonso_n into_o lombardy_n the_o venetian_a proffer_n be_v great_a and_o his_o obligation_n to_o they_o considerable_a they_o have_v make_v that_o war_n on_o purpose_n to_o secure_a cremona_n to_o the_o count_n again_o the_o duke_n injury_n be_v fresh_a and_o his_o promise_n not_o to_o be_v trust_v yet_o the_o count_n remain_v doubtful_a which_o he_o shall_v accept_v his_o obligation_n to_o the_o league_n his_o faith_n give_v the_o late_a good_a office_n which_o they_o have_v do_v he_o and_o their_o many_o promise_n for_o the_o future_a be_v great_a argument_n on_o one_o side_n yet_o he_o be_v loath_a on_o the_o other_o side_n to_o deny_v the_o importunity_n of_o his_o father-in-law_n but_o that_o which_o sway_v with_o he_o most_o of_o all_o be_v the_o poison_n which_o he_o suspect_v be_v hide_v under_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o venetian_n to_o who_o discretion_n he_o must_v leave_v himself_o if_o he_o succeed_v in_o their_o war_n both_o for_o their_o performance_n and_o his_o own_o preservation_n which_o no_o wise_a prince_n will_v ever_o do_v till_o necessity_n compel_v he_o but_o this_o suspense_n and_o difficulty_n of_o resolution_n in_o the_o count_n be_v take_v away_o by_o the_o venetian_n who_o have_v a_o design_n by_o some_o practice_n and_o intelligence_n in_o the_o town_n to_o get_v it_o for_o themselves_o upon_o some_o other_o pretence_n they_o cause_v their_o force_n to_o march_v into_o those_o part_n but_o their_o plot_n be_v discover_v by_o he_o that_o govern_v there_o for_o the_o count_n and_o in_o stead_n of_o gain_v cremona_n they_o lose_v the_o count_n who_o lay_v aside_o all_o respect_n and_o join_v with_o the_o duke_n pope_n eugenius_n be_v dead_a 1447._o niolo_n v._o create_v his_o successor_n and_o the_o count_n advance_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n to_o cotegnola_n in_o order_n to_o his_o passage_n in_o lombardy_n when_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o he_o that_o duke_n philip_n be_v dead_a which_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1447._o on_o the_o last_o of_o august_n these_o tiding_n much_o trouble_v the_o count_n who_o army_n can_v not_o be_v in_o good_a order_n because_o they_o have_v not_o have_v their_o full_a pay_n the_o venetian_n he_o fear_v as_o be_v in_o arm_n and_o his_o profess_a enemy_n now_o upon_o his_o revolt_n to_o the_o duke_n alfonso_n have_v be_v always_o his_o enemy_n and_o he_o be_v fearful_a of_o he_o he_o can_v have_v no_o confidence_n in_o either_o the_o pope_n or_o the_o florentine_n for_o the_o florentine_n be_v in_o league_n with_o the_o venetian_n and_o he_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o several_a town_n which_o he_o have_v take_v from_o the_o pope_n however_o he_o resolve_v to_o bear_v up_o brave_o look_v his_o fortune_n in_o the_o face_n and_o comport_v himself_o according_a to_o the_o accident_n which_o shall_v occur_v for_o many_o time_n secret_n be_v discover_v in_o action_n which_o dejection_n and_o despondency_n will_v have_v conceal_v for_o ever_o it_o be_v no_o little_a support_n to_o he_o to_o believe_v that_o if_o the_o milanesi_n be_v oppress_v or_o that_o jealous_a of_o the_o ambition_n of_o the_o venetian_a no_o man_n be_v so_o proper_a for_o they_o to_o apply_v to_o for_o protection_n as_o himself_o so_o that_o take_v courage_n thereupon_o he_o march_v into_o the_o country_n of_o bologna_n and_o from_o thence_o pass_v by_o modena_n and_o reggio_n he_o encamp_v upon_o the_o lenza_n and_o send_v to_o the_o milanesi_n to_o offer_v they_o his_o service_n the_o milanesi_n after_o the_o duke_n death_n be_v divide_v into_o faction_n part_n of_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v free_a and_o part_n of_o they_o to_o live_v under_o a_o prince_n and_o of_o those_o which_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n part_n be_v for_o the_o count_n and_o part_n for_o alfonso_n but_o they_o which_o be_v for_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v more_o unanimous_a prevail_v and_o erect_v a_o republic_n according_a to_o their_o own_o model_n to_o which_o many_o of_o the_o city_n in_o that_o dukedom_n refuse_v to_o conform_v suppose_v they_o may_v make_v themselves_o free_a as_o well_o as_o milan_n if_o they_o please_v and_o those_o who_o be_v not_o incline_v to_o that_o government_n will_v not_o submit_v to_o it_o in_o they_o lodi_n and_o piacenza_n therefore_o surrender_v to_o the_o venetian_a pavia_n and_o parma_n make_v themselves_o free_a upon_o which_o confusion_n the_o count_n remove_v to_o cremona_n where_o certain_a deputy_n of_o his_o to_o that_o purpose_n meet_v with_o certain_a commissioner_n from_o milan_n milanesi_n and_o come_v to_o a_o agreement_n by_o which_o it_o be_v agree_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v general_n of_o their_o force_n and_o all_o condition_n perform_v to_o he_o which_o be_v conclude_v in_o his_o last_o treaty_n with_o the_o duke_n to_o which_o be_v superad_v that_o brescia_n shall_v be_v put_v into_o the_o count_n hand_n till_o he_o shall_v be_v possess_v of_o verona_n and_o that_o then_o keep_v the_o last_o the_o first_o shall_v be_v restore_v before_o the_o death_n of_o the_o duke_n pope_n nicolo_n upon_o his_o assumption_n to_o that_o chair_n endeavour_v to_o make_v a_o general_a peace_n betwixt_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n he_o negotiate_v with_o the_o florentine_a ambassador_n which_o be_v send_v to_o his_o creation_n for_o a_o diet_n to_o behold_v at_o ferrara_n to_o treat_v either_o of_o a_o long_a cessation_n or_o a_o firm_a peace_n and_o according_o the_o pope_n legate_n be_v meet_v there_o by_o commissioner_n from_o the_o venetian_n the_o duke_n and_o the_o florentine_n alfonso_n send_v none_o for_o he_o be_v at_o tiboli_n with_o a_o great_a army_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o believe_v as_o soon_o as_o the_o count_n can_v be_v debauch_v from_o they_o he_o shall_v have_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o fall_v upon_o both_o the_o venetian_a and_o florentine_a in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o count_n lie_v still_o in_o lombardy_n attend_v the_o consummation_n of_o the_o peace_n to_o which_o alfonso_n will_v not_o send_v but_o promise_v to_o ratify_v what_o shall_v be_v agree_v by_o the_o duke_n this_o peace_n be_v a_o long_a time_n in_o debate_n but_o at_o length_n it_o be_v conclude_v it_o shall_v either_o be_v a_o cessation_n for_o five_o year_n or_o a_o
to_o any_o which_o demand_v it_o and_o although_o he_o end_v avour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o conceal_v his_o preparation_n for_o war_n yet_o the_o ambassador_n find_v he_o a_o juggler_n and_o peceive_v several_a of_o his_o practice_n against_o their_o state_n with_o the_o duke_n therefore_o they_o renew_v their_o league_n procure_v a_o amity_n with_o the_o genoeses_n compose_v the_o difference_n about_o the_o reprisal_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n which_o have_v former_o obstruct_v it_o they_o try_v all_o way_n to_o frustrate_v or_o break_v the_o treaty_n and_o they_o go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o supplicate_v the_o great_a turk_n to_o banish_v all_o florentine_n out_o of_o his_o country_n but_o that_o emperor_n will_v not_o hearken_v the_o florentine_a ambassador_n be_v prohibit_v entrance_n into_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o venetian_a because_o forsooth_o they_o be_v in_o league_n with_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o can_v not_o send_v any_o embssâ—â—aes_n without_o his_o participation_n the_o siennesi_n receive_v their_o ambassador_n treat_v they_o well_o lest_o they_o shall_v be_v overrun_v before_o the_o league_n can_v relieve_v they_o and_o therefore_o they_o think_v it_o best_o to_o colloque_n and_o lull_v those_o arm_n a_o sleep_n which_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v it_o be_v conjecture_v then_o that_o the_o venetian_a and_o king_n both_o send_v ambassador_n to_o justify_v the_o war_n but_o the_o venetian_a ambassador_n be_v refuse_v likewise_o to_o be_v admit_v into_o the_o territory_n of_o florence_n the_o king_n be_v deny_v to_o do_v that_o office_n alone_o and_o the_o whole_a embassy_n come_v to_o nothing_o by_o which_o the_o venetian_n find_v themselves_o use_v with_o the_o same_o rudeness_n and_o contempt_n which_o not_o many_o month_n before_o they_o have_v exercise_v upon_o the_o florentine_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o apprehension_n the_o emperor_n federigo_n 3._o pass_v into_o italy_n to_o be_v crown_v florence_n and_o on_o the_o 30_o of_o january_n 1451_o enter_v into_o florence_n with_o a_o equipage_n of_o 1400_o horse_n he_o be_v honourable_o entertain_v there_o by_o the_o senate_n and_o continue_v with_o they_o to_o the_o 6_o of_o february_n upon_o which_o day_n he_o depart_v for_o rome_n in_o order_n to_o his_o coronation_n where_o have_v perform_v that_o ceremony_n and_o celebrate_v his_o nuptial_n with_o the_o empress_n which_o be_v come_v thither_o by_o sea_n he_o depart_v again_o for_o germany_n return_v by_o florence_n where_o all_o the_o old_a honour_n be_v retreat_v and_o have_v be_v oblige_v in_o his_o passage_n by_o the_o marquis_n of_o ferrara_n he_o give_v he_o a_o grant_n of_o modena_n and_o reggio_n as_o a_o reward_n but_o the_o florentine_n be_v not_o by_o all_o those_o solemnity_n divert_v from_o their_o preparation_n for_o their_o own_o reputation_n and_o the_o terror_n of_o their_o enemy_n the_o duke_n and_o they_o have_v enter_v into_o a_o league_n with_o france_n which_o with_o great_a joy_n and_o ostentation_n they_o publish_v all_o over_o italy_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n 1452_o the_o venetian_n not_o think_v it_o fit_a to_o dissemble_v any_o long_o invade_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n by_o the_o way_n of_o lodi_n with_o 16000_o horse_n and_o 6000_o foot_n whilst_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o marquis_n of_o monferrat_n upon_o some_o design_n of_o his_o own_o or_o the_o stimulation_n of_o the_o venetian_n assault_v he_o on_o the_o other_o side_n by_o the_o way_n of_o alexandria_n the_o duke_n have_v get_v a_o army_n together_o of_o 18000_o horse_n and_o 3000_o foot_n with_o which_o after_o he_o have_v furnish_v alexandria_n and_o lodi_n with_o strong_a garrison_n and_o fortify_v all_o place_n where_o the_o enemy_n may_v offend_v he_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o country_n of_o brescia_n where_o he_o do_v great_a mischief_n to_o the_o venetian_n both_o party_n plunder_v the_o country_n and_o burn_v such_o town_n as_o be_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o but_o the_o marquis_n of_o monferrat_n be_v defeat_v not_o long_o after_o by_o the_o garrison_n at_o alexandria_n the_o duke_n be_v at_o more_o leisure_n to_o infest_v and_o make_v his_o inroad_n into_o the_o country_n of_o the_o venetian_a whilst_o the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o in_o lombardy_n in_o this_o manner_n with_o various_a but_o inconsiderable_a accident_n the_o war_n in_o tuscany_n be_v commence_v betwixt_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n and_o the_o florentine_n forâ—es_n and_o manage_v with_o as_o little_a ardour_n and_o success_n as_o the_o other_o ferrando_n a_o natural_a son_n of_o alfonso_n march_v into_o tuscany_n with_o 12000_o man_n under_o the_o command_n of_o federigo_n lord_n of_o urbino_n his_o first_o enterprise_n be_v to_o assault_n faiano_n in_o valdisciana_n for_o the_o siennesi_n be_v their_o friend_n they_o enter_v that_o way_n into_o the_o florentine_a dominion_n the_o castle_n be_v weak_a the_o wall_n but_o indifferent_a the_o garrison_n but_o small_a yet_o those_o they_o have_v within_o it_o be_v valiant_a and_o faithful_a the_o whole_a number_n which_o be_v send_v for_o the_o security_n of_o that_o place_n not_o exceed_v 200._o before_o this_o castle_n ferrando_n encamp_v and_o either_o their_o courage_n be_v so_o little_a without_o or_o they_o so_o great_a within_o that_o it_o take_v he_o up_o 36_o day_n before_o he_o can_v master_v it_o which_o time_n give_v the_o florentine_n great_a convenience_n of_o provide_v other_o place_n of_o high_a importance_n and_o draw_v their_o force_n together_o and_o dispose_v they_o into_o better_a order_n than_o otherwise_o they_o can_v have_v do_v this_o castle_n be_v take_v the_o enemy_n march_v into_o chianti_n where_o they_o attempt_v two_o little_a town_n which_o be_v hold_v by_o a_o few_o private_a citizen_n and_o be_v repulse_v leave_v they_o they_o remove_v to_o castellina_n a_o little_a castle_n upon_o the_o confine_n of_o chianti_n and_o sit_v down_o 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those_o excursion_n be_v present_o restrain_v by_o certain_a florentine_a soldier_n which_o be_v send_v to_o campiglia_n the_o pope_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n concern_v himself_o no_o far_o than_o to_o mediate_v a_o accord_n but_o though_o he_o be_v so_o tender_a in_o engage_v abroad_o in_o any_o action_n of_o war_n he_o find_v himself_o at_o home_n in_o no_o little_a danger_n there_o be_v at_o that_o time_n in_o rome_n a_o person_n call_v stephano_n porcari_fw-la porcari_fw-la a_o citizen_n bear_v of_o good_a extraction_n and_o learning_n but_o most_o eminent_a for_o the_o generosity_n of_o his_o mind_n this_o stephano_n be_v ambitious_a as_o most_o be_v which_o be_v desirous_a of_o glory_n to_o perform_v or_o at_o least_o attempt_v some_o thing_n that_o may_v make_v he_o memorable_a to_o posterity_n and_o nothing_o occur_v so_o honourable_o to_o his_o thought_n as_o to_o deliver_v his_o country_n from_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o
prelate_n and_o reduce_v it_o to_o its_o primitive_a liberty_n hope_v if_o he_o effect_v it_o he_o shall_v be_v call_v either_o the_o father_n or_o the_o restorer_n of_o his_o country_n his_o great_a hope_n and_o encouragement_n in_o this_o enterprise_n be_v deduce_v from_o the_o iniquity_n and_o ill_a life_n of_o the_o prelate_n which_o be_v high_o displease_v both_o to_o the_o baron_n and_o people_n of_o rome_n but_o his_o great_a confidence_n be_v ground_v upon_o certain_a verse_n of_o petrarch_n in_o that_o canto_n which_o begin_v spirito_n gentile_n etc._n etc._n the_o verse_n be_v these_o sopra_fw-la ill_o monte_fw-fr tarpeio_n canzon_n vedrai_fw-fr un_fw-fr cavalier_n ch'_fw-it italia_n tutta_fw-mi honora_fw-la pensoso_fw-la piu_fw-la d'_fw-fr altrui_fw-it che_fw-it di_fw-it se_fw-it stesso_fw-it stephano_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o poet_n be_v many_o time_n inspire_v and_o have_v perfect_a and_o divine_a inflation_n from_o above_o so_o that_o he_o conclude_v what_o petrarch_n have_v prophesy_v in_o that_o canto_n will_v certain_o come_v to_o pass_v and_o he_o do_v not_o know_v any_o man_n fit_a than_o himself_o to_o accomplish_v it_o in_o respect_n of_o his_o eloquence_n and_o learning_n and_o favour_n and_o friend_n have_v take_v up_o this_o fancy_n he_o can_v not_o contain_v himself_o but_o his_o word_n gesture_n and_o manner_n of_o live_v discover_v he_o and_o render_v he_o suspicious_a to_o the_o pope_n who_o to_o secure_v himself_o against_o his_o plot_n confine_v he_o to_o bologna_n and_o send_v instruction_n to_o the_o governor_n to_o have_v a_o eye_n over_o he_o every_o day_n but_o stephano_n be_v not_o to_o be_v discourage_v by_o one_o disaster_n it_o rather_o animate_v he_o in_o his_o design_n in_o so_o much_o that_o with_o the_o great_a caution_n he_o can_v he_o continue_v his_o practice_n with_o his_o friend_n and_o now_o and_o then_o will_v steal_v to_o rome_n and_o back_o again_o with_o such_o expedition_n as_o he_o will_v be_v sure_a to_o present_v himself_o before_o the_o governor_n at_o that_o time_n he_o be_v to_o appear_v but_o afterward_o have_v draw_v in_o as_o many_o as_o he_o think_v necessary_a for_o his_o work_n he_o resolve_v to_o proceed_v to_o action_n without_o far_a delay_n and_o send_v to_o his_o correspondent_o in_o rome_n that_o at_o a_o prefix_v time_n a_o splendid_a supper_n shall_v be_v prepare_v all_o the_o conspirator_n to_o be_v invite_v to_o it_o and_o each_o of_o they_o have_v private_a order_n to_o bring_v his_o confident_a along_o with_o he_o and_o he_o promise_v to_o be_v there_o himself_o precise_o at_o the_o time_n all_o thing_n be_v order_v exact_o to_o his_o direction_n and_o he_o himself_o be_v punctual_o with_o they_o for_o as_o soon_o as_o supper_n be_v ready_a and_o serve_v up_o to_o the_o table_n he_o present_v himself_o among_o they_o in_o a_o robe_n of_o cloth_n of_o gold_n his_o collar_n and_o other_o ornament_n about_o he_o to_o give_v he_o majesty_n and_o reputation_n and_o have_v embrace_v all_o the_o conspirator_n in_o a_o long_a oration_n he_o exhort_v they_o to_o be_v courageous_a and_o dispose_v themselves_o cheerful_o in_o so_o glorious_a a_o enterprise_n then_o he_o appoint_v the_o way_n order_v one_o of_o they_o to_o seize_v the_o pope_n palace_n the_o next_o morning_n and_o the_o other_o to_o run_v about_o the_o street_n and_o excite_v the_o people_n to_o arm._n but_o his_o conspiracy_n come_v to_o the_o ear_n of_o the_o pope_n some_o say_v by_o the_o treachery_n of_o his_o confederate_n other_o by_o his_o be_v see_v in_o the_o town_n which_o way_n soever_o it_o be_v death_n the_o pope_n cause_v he_o and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o comerad_n to_o be_v apprehend_v the_o very_a same_o night_n after_o supper_n and_o put_v to_o death_n as_o they_o deserve_v this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o that_o enterprise_n and_o though_o among_o some_o people_n perhaps_o his_o intention_n may_v be_v commend_v yet_o his_o judgement_n must_v necessary_o be_v 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exemption_n and_o reward_n the_o castle_n of_o vada_n also_o be_v retake_v for_o the_o enemy_n perceive_v they_o can_v not_o hold_v it_o they_o set_v it_o on_o fire_n and_o depart_v whilst_o the_o florentine_a army_n be_v employ_v in_o this_o manner_n the_o king_n of_o aragon_n army_n not_o have_v the_o courage_n to_o come_v near_o they_o be_v retreat_v towards_o sienna_n from_o whence_o they_o make_v frequent_a excursion_n into_o the_o country_n about_o florence_n where_o they_o make_v great_a hubub_n commit_v many_o outrage_n and_o bring_v great_a terror_n upon_o the_o people_n nor_o be_v the_o king_n defective_a in_o contrive_v other_o way_n of_o assault_v his_o enemy_n divide_v their_o force_n or_o detract_n from_o their_o reputation_n gherardo_n gambatorti_n be_v at_o that_o time_n lord_n of_o valdibagno_n this_o gherardo_n and_o his_o ancestor_n have_v always_o be_v in_o the_o florentine_a service_n either_o as_o hire_v or_o recommend_v alfonso_n be_v tamper_n with_o this_o gherardo_n to_o deliver_v up_o his_o territory_n to_o he_o and_o he_o promise_v to_o give_v he_o a_o equivalence_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n this_o transaction_n be_v not_o so_o private_a but_o they_o have_v news_n of_o it_o in_o florence_n and_o a_o ambassador_n be_v dispatch_v to_o remember_v he_o of_o his_o own_o and_o his_o predecessor_n obligation_n to_o that_o state_n and_o to_o admonish_v he_o to_o presevere_v in_o his_o amity_n with_o they_o as_o they_o have_v constant_o do_v gherardo_n pretend_v to_o be_v surprise_v at_o what_o the_o ambassador_n tell_v he_o swear_v a_o thousand_o oath_n that_o never_o any_o such_o wickedness_n enter_v into_o his_o thought_n proffer_v to_o have_v go_v in_o person_n to_o florence_n and_o reside_v there_o to_o secure_v they_o of_o his_o fidelity_n but_o be_v unhappy_o indispose_v himself_o his_o son_n shall_v go_v a_o long_a with_o he_o and_o remain_v there_o as_o a_o perpetual_a hostage_n his_o proffer_n and_o his_o imprecation_n together_o make_v the_o florentine_n believe_v that_o gherardo_n be_v honest_a and_o his_o accuser_n the_o knave_n in_o which_o opinion_n they_o acquiesce_v but_o gherardo_n go_v on_o with_o the_o king_n and_o rather_o with_o more_o eagerness_n than_o before_o and_o when_o all_o be_v agree_v alfonso_n send_v friar_n puccio_n a_o knight_n of_o jerusalem_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o town_n which_o belong_v to_o gherardo_n but_o bagno_n retain_v its_o affection_n to_o florence_n revolt_n promise_v obedience_n to_o the_o king_n commissary_n with_o no_o little_a regret_n puccio_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o almost_o all_o that_o state_n only_o the_o castle_n of_o corzano_n be_v behind_o which_o be_v likewise_o to_o be_v deliver_v when_o gherardo_n make_v this_o surrender_n among_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o own_o creature_n about_o he_o there_o be_v one_o antonio_n gualandi_n a_o pisan_a a_o young_a gentleman_n and_o brave_a and_o one_o that_o high_o detest_v this_o treachery_n in_o gherardo_n ponder_v with_o himself_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n the_o number_n of_o the_o garrison_n the_o dissatisfaction_n he_o observe_v both_o in_o their_o gesture_n and_o look_n and_o find_v gherardo_n at_o the_o gate_n ready_a to_o introduce_v the_o enemy_n he_o convey_v himself_o betwixt_o the_o castle_n and_o gherardo_n and_o take_v his_o opportunity_n with_o both_o his_o hand_n thrust_v he_o away_o and_o then_o cause_v the_o wicket_n to_o be_v shut_v he_o exhort_v the_o guard_n to_o stand_v faithful_o to_o the_o florentine_n against_o so_o false_a and_o so_o flagitious_a a_o man_n the_o report_n of_o this_o action_n arrive_v at_o bagno_n and_o the_o town_n which_o be_v about_o it_o they_o unanimous_o take_v arm_n against_o their_o new_a master_n and_o set_v up_o the_o florentine_a colour_n upon_o the_o wall_n they_o drive_v they_o all_o out_o of_o that_o country_n this_o news_n come_v to_o florence_n they_o immediate_o clap_v
their_o young_a hostage_n into_o prison_n and_o dispatch_v supply_n to_o bagno_n and_o those_o part_n to_o secure_v they_o and_o make_v that_o country_n dependent_a upon_o themselves_o gherardo_n a_o traitor_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n both_o to_o his_o friend_n and_o his_o son_n have_v much_o ado_n to_o escape_v leave_v his_o wife_n family_n and_o fortune_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o enemy_n this_o accident_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o a_o great_a deliverance_n in_o florence_n for_o have_v the_o king_n make_v himself_o master_n of_o those_o part_n he_o may_v with_o little_a expenso_fw-la have_v overrun_v all_o as_o far_o as_o valdi_n tevere_a and_o casentino_n and_o bring_v such_o distraction_n upon_o their_o affair_n that_o the_o florentine_n must_v have_v divide_v their_o army_n and_o be_v disable_v thereby_o from_o attend_v the_o aragonian_a force_n about_o sienna_n with_o their_o army_n entire_a beside_o the_o provision_n which_o the_o florentine_n have_v make_v in_o italy_n to_o oppose_v the_o confederacy_n of_o their_o enemy_n they_o send_v agriolo_n acciaivoli_n their_o ambassador_n into_o france_n to_o negotiate_v with_o that_o king_n for_o the_o send_v king_n rinato_n d'_fw-fr angio_n into_o italy_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o duke_n and_o themselves_o and_o to_o represent_v to_o he_o that_o come_v thither_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o his_o friend_n when_o he_o be_v once_o enter_v and_o have_v settle_v they_o he_o may_v set_v up_o his_o own_o claim_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o they_o will_v be_v engage_v to_o assist_v he_o and_o so_o whilst_o in_o lombardy_n and_o tuscany_n the_o war_n be_v carry_v on_o as_o we_o have_v relate_v in_o france_n the_o treaty_n be_v conclude_v and_o rinato_n oblige_v in_o june_n to_o come_v into_o italy_n with_o 2400_o horse_n and_o the_o league_n on_o the_o other_o side_n oblige_v at_o his_o arrival_n at_o alexandria_n to_o pay_v he_o 30000_o florin_n and_o 10000_o per_fw-la man_n afterward_o whilst_o the_o war_n shall_v continue_v but_o be_v ready_a upon_o this_o stipulation_n to_o pass_v into_o italy_n he_o be_v obstruct_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n and_o the_o marquis_n of_o monferrat_n who_o be_v friend_n to_o the_o venetian_n and_o will_v not_o suffer_v he_o to_o pass_v hereupon_o rinato_n be_v desire_v by_o the_o florentine_a ambassador_n to_o march_v with_o his_o force_n into_o provence_n and_o for_o the_o encouragement_n and_o reputation_n of_o his_o friend_n to_o pass_v himself_o and_o part_n of_o they_o into_o italy_n by_o sea_n leave_v the_o rest_n in_o provence_n till_o the_o king_n of_o france_n shall_v prevail_v with_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n that_o they_o may_v march_v through_o his_o country_n and_o as_o the_o ambassador_n advise_v it_o be_v do_v for_o rinato_n go_v by_o sea_n and_o the_o rest_n at_o the_o king_n of_o france_n mediation_n be_v permit_v to_o pass_v into_o italy_n through_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o savoy_n king_n rinato_n be_v receive_v 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refuge_n the_o florentine_n have_v in_o their_o necessity_n be_v to_o the_o state_n of_o milan_n determine_a to_o give_v the_o duchess_n so_o much_o employment_n of_o her_o own_o that_o she_o shall_v not_o be_v at_o leisure_n to_o send_v they_o any_o relief_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o prospero_n adorno_n the_o signore_v roberto_n and_o the_o sforzi_n which_o be_v banish_v he_o wrought_v so_o that_o genoa_n rebel_v nevertheless_o the_o little_a castle_n remain_v firm_a to_o the_o young_a duke_n and_o the_o duchess_n send_v force_n to_o they_o to_o recover_v the_o town_n but_o they_o be_v overthrow_v whereupon_o consider_v with_o herself_o the_o danger_n which_o may_v accrue_v both_o to_o her_o son_n and_o herself_o if_o the_o war_n shall_v be_v continue_v all_o tuscany_n be_v embroil_v and_o the_o florentine_n in_o distress_n she_o resolve_v see_v she_o can_v not_o retain_v genoa_n as_o a_o subject_a that_o she_o will_v have_v it_o as_o a_o friend_n and_o agree_v with_o battistino_n 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signore_v roberto_n to_o march_v with_o his_o squadron_n from_o lunigiana_n into_o the_o country_n of_o pisa_n roberto_n put_v the_o whole_a country_n into_o confusion_n take_v several_a castle_n from_o the_o pisans_n and_o plunder_v they_o and_o make_v his_o excursion_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o pisa_n itself_o about_o this_o time_n ambassador_n arrive_v at_o florence_n from_o the_o emperor_n the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o king_n of_o hungary_n who_o from_o their_o several_a prince_n be_v send_v to_o the_o pope_n persuade_v the_o florentine_n to_o send_v ambassador_n also_o and_o promise_v their_o utmost_a endeavour_n with_o he_o to_o conclude_v all_o their_o difference_n with_o a_o honourable_a peace_n the_o florentine_n consent_v as_o well_o to_o excuse_v themselves_o to_o the_o world_n as_o that_o they_o be_v real_o desirous_a of_o it_o have_v send_v therefore_o their_o ambassador_n they_o return_v as_o they_o go_v without_o any_o accommodation_n and_o the_o 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make_v into_o the_o country_n of_o pisa_n as_o all_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a thing_n do_v give_v the_o florentine_n no_o little_a distraction_n for_o the_o war_n lie_v heavy_a upon_o they_o in_o the_o country_n of_o sienna_n they_o can_v not_o see_v how_o they_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o defend_v themselves_o on_o the_o other_o side_n however_o they_o send_v officer_n and_o all_o other_o provision_n to_o reinforce_v the_o city_n of_o pisa_n and_o that_o they_o may_v keep_v the_o lucchesi_n from_o assist_v the_o enemy_n with_o money_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o they_o send_v gino_n capponi_n as_o their_o ambassador_n to_o they_o but_o he_o be_v receive_v so_o ill_o out_o of_o a_o ancient_a enmity_n to_o the_o people_n of_o florence_n upon_o former_a injury_n receive_v and_o a_o constant_a apprehension_n to_o they_o that_o he_o be_v many_o time_n in_o danger_n of_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o multitude_n so_o that_o his_o journey_n produce_v new_a quarrel_n rather_o than_o new_a quiet_a and_o thereupon_o the_o florentine_n call_v back_o the_o marquis_n of_o ferrara_n entertain_v the_o marquis_n of_o mantova_n into_o their_o pay_n and_o with_o great_a importunity_n desire_v of_o the_o venetian_n count_n carlo_n the_o son_n of_o braccio_n and_o deifebo_n the_o son_n of_o count_n giacopo_n who_o after_o several_a scruple_n and_o demur_n be_v send_v to_o they_o for_o have_v make_v peace_n with_o the_o turk_n and_o no_o pretence_n leave_v to_o excuse_v themselves_o they_o be_v ashamed_a to_o braek_v faith_n with_o the_o league_n carlo_n therefore_o and_o deifebo_n be_v come_v with_o a_o considerable_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o join_v to_o what_o force_v they_o can_v convenient_o draw_v out_o of_o the_o marquis_n of_o ferrara_n army_n which_o attend_v the_o duke_n of_o calabria_n they_o march_v towards_o pisa_n in_o quest_n of_o signore_fw-la roberto_n who_o be_v post_v with_o his_o army_n near_o the_o river_n serchio_n and_o think_v at_o first_o he_o make_v a_o show_n of_o expect_v our_o army_n yet_o upon_o second_o thought_n he_o remove_v and_o retire_v into_o the_o country_n of_o lunigiana_n to_o the_o same_o quarter_n where_o he_o lay_v before_o his_o expedition_n to_o pisa._n upon_o his_o departure_n count_n carlo_n repossess_v himself_o of_o all_o the_o enemy_n have_v take_v in_o that_o country_n and_o the_o florentine_n be_v clear_a on_o that_o side_n draw_v all_o their_o force_n into_o one_o body_n betwixt_o colle_n and_o santo_n giminiano_n but_o upon_o carlo_n conjunction_n there_o be_v several_a of_o the_o sforzeschi_n and_o the_o bracceschi_n in_o the_o army_n the_o old_a feud_n begin_v to_o revive_v and_o it_o be_v believe_v have_v they_o stay_v long_o together_o they_o have_v fall_v together_o by_o the_o ear_n to_o prevent_v these_o inconvenience_n it_o be_v resolve_v to_o divide_v the_o army_n that_o count_n carlo_n shall_v march_v with_o his_o force_n into_o the_o country_n of_o perugia_n and_o the_o rest_n fortify_v and_o entrench_v themselves_o at_o poggibonzi_n to_o obstruct_v the_o enemy_n from_o enter_v into_o the_o country_n of_o florence_n by_o this_o division_n they_o suppose_v likewise_o the_o enemy_n will_v be_v force_v to_o divide_v for_o they_o think_v that_o either_o count_n carlo_n will_v take_v perugia_n where_o he_o have_v a_o great_a party_n as_o they_o believe_v or_o that_o the_o pope_n will_v be_v constrain_v to_o send_v a_o good_a body_n of_o man_n to_o defend_v it_o and_o to_o drive_v his_o holiness_n into_o great_a necessity_n they_o order_v nicolo_n vitelli_n who_o have_v leave_v castello_n where_o lorenzo_n his_o enemy_n be_v predominant_a with_o what_o force_n he_o can_v make_v to_o approach_v the_o town_n to_o drive_v out_o his_o adversary_n if_o he_o can_v and_o keep_v it_o against_o the_o pope_n at_o first_o fortune_n seem_v to_o incline_v to_o the_o florentine_n count_n carlo_n advance_v strange_o in_o the_o country_n of_o perugia_n nicolo_n vitelli_n though_o he_o can_v not_o get_v into_o the_o town_n of_o castello_n yet_o he_o be_v master_n of_o the_o field_n and_o plunder_v round_o about_o it_o without_o any_o contradiction_n and_o those_o force_n which_o be_v encamp_v at_o poggibonzi_n make_v their_o excursion_n to_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o sienna_n but_o at_o last_o all_o their_o hope_n come_v to_o nothing_o for_o first_o count_n carlo_n die_v in_o the_o very_a height_n of_o their_o expectation_n who_o death_n have_v nevertheless_o much_o better_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o florentine_n have_v they_o know_v how_o to_o have_v improve_v the_o victory_n which_o it_o produce_v for_o no_o soon_o be_v the_o death_n of_o count_n carlo_n know_v but_o the_o pope_n army_n be_v all_o together_o in_o perugia_n conceive_v great_a hope_n of_o overpower_v the_o florentine_n take_v the_o field_n and_o encamp_v upon_o the_o lake_n within_o three_o mile_n of_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n giacopo_n guicciardini_n at_o that_o time_n commissary_n of_o the_o army_n by_o the_o advice_n
of_o roberto_n da_fw-mi rimino_fw-la who_o since_o the_o death_n of_o count_n carlo_n be_v the_o chief_a and_o best_a repute_a officer_n among_o they_o know_v what_o it_o be_v that_o set_v the_o enemy_n agog_o they_o resolve_v to_o attend_v he_o and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n not_o far_o from_o the_o lake_n in_o the_o very_a place_n where_o hannibal_n give_v the_o roman_n that_o memorable_a defeat_n the_o pope_n army_n be_v rout_v defeat_v the_o news_n of_o this_o victory_n be_v extreme_o welcome_a in_o florence_n both_o to_o the_o magistrate_n and_o people_n and_o it_o will_v have_v be_v great_a honour_n and_o advantage_n to_o that_o enterprise_n have_v not_o disorder_n in_o the_o army_n at_o poggibonzi_n spoil_v all_o and_o the_o victory_n over_o the_o one_o camp_n be_v interrupt_v by_o a_o mutiny_n in_o the_o other_o for_o that_o army_n have_v get_v much_o plunder_v in_o the_o country_n of_o sienna_n when_o they_o come_v to_o divide_v there_o fall_v out_o great_a difference_n 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ammunition_n and_o carriage_n and_o artillery_n behind_o they_o and_o so_o cowardly_a and_o poor_a spirit_v that_o army_n be_v become_v that_o the_o turn_n of_o a_o horse_n head_n or_o tail_n give_v either_o victory_n or_o defeat_n this_o rout_n fill_v the_o king_n soldier_n with_o prize_n and_o the_o florentine_n with_o fear_n for_o that_o city_n be_v not_o only_o afflict_v with_o war_n but_o with_o so_o violent_a a_o pestilence_n that_o most_o of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v force_v to_o leave_v the_o town_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o country_n this_o overthrow_n be_v render_v more_o terrible_a by_o sickness_n for_o those_o citizen_n who_o have_v estate_n in_o the_o val_n di_fw-it pisa_n and_o the_o val_n delsa_n be_v drive_v thither_o and_o secure_a be_v force_v upon_o this_o rout_n to_o hurry_v back_o again_o to_o florence_n as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v and_o that_o not_o only_o with_o their_o good_n and_o their_o child_n but_o with_o all_o their_o family_n and_o dependent_n for_o every_o hour_n they_o be_v afraid_a the_o enemy_n will_v have_v present_v himself_o before_o the_o town_n they_o who_o have_v the_o administration_n of_o the_o war_n be_v sensible_a of_o these_o disorder_n command_v their_o army_n which_o be_v victorious_a in_o perugia_n that_o leave_v their_o design_n there_o they_o shall_v march_v into_o the_o val_n delsa_n and_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o the_o enemy_n who_o since_o their_o last_o victory_n overrun_v that_o whole_a country_n and_o though_o that_o army_n have_v so_o straighten_a perugia_n it_o be_v every_o hour_n expect_v to_o surrender_v yet_o the_o florentine_n choose_v rather_o to_o defend_v themselves_o than_o to_o gain_v upon_o any_o body_n else_o and_o raise_v their_o siege_n they_o be_v conduct_v to_o s._n cassiano_n a_o castle_n about_o eight_o mile_n from_o florence_n as_o the_o only_a place_n where_o they_o may_v lie_v secure_a till_o the_o other_o army_n be_v rally_v and_o bring_v to_o they_o the_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v at_o liberty_n in_o perugia_n upon_o the_o withdraw_n of_o the_o florentine_n take_v heart_n and_o make_v their_o inroad_n daily_o into_o the_o country_n of_o arezzo_n and_o cortona_n and_o the_o other_o army_n which_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o calabria_n have_v rout_v they_o at_o poggibonzi_n take_v poggibonzi_n and_o vico_fw-la pillage_v certaldo_n make_v great_a spoil_n and_o get_v great_a prize_n in_o that_o country_n after_o they_o sit_v down_o before_o colle_n which_o in_o those_o time_n be_v look_v upon_o as_o extraordinary_a strong_a and_o be_v well_o mane_v and_o provide_v with_o all_o thing_n it_o be_v hope_v it_o may_v entertain_v the_o enemy_n till_o their_o army_n can_v be_v unite_v the_o florentine_n have_v join_v all_o their_o force_n at_o saint_n cassiano_n and_o the_o enemy_n proceed_v very_o fierce_o in_o their_o leaguer_n they_o resolve_v to_o march_v towards_o they_o and_o post_v themselves_o as_o near_v they_o as_o they_o can_v suppose_v they_o shall_v thereby_o not_o only_o encourage_v the_o garrison_n to_o defend_v themselves_o but_o make_v the_o enemy_n more_o cautious_a in_o all_o his_o attack_n hereupon_o they_o remove_v from_o s._n cassiano_n and_o encamp_v at_o s._n giminiano_n about_o five_o mile_n from_o colle_n from_o whence_o with_o their_o horse_n and_o the_o light_a of_o their_o foot_n they_o daily_o molest_v the_o duke_n camp_n but_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o garrison_n in_o colle_n for_o want_v all_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a they_o surrender_v the_o 13_o of_o november_n to_o the_o great_a displeasure_n of_o the_o florentine_n but_o the_o great_a joy_n of_o the_o enemy_n especial_o the_o siennesi_n who_o beside_o their_o common_a hatred_n to_o florence_n have_v a_o particular_a quarrel_n against_o this_o town_n winter_n be_v now_o at_o the_o height_n the_o season_n unfit_a for_o war_n and_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n to_o give_v they_o hope_n of_o peace_n or_o to_o enjoy_v their_o victory_n quiet_o themselves_o offer_v a_o truce_n for_o three_o month_n to_o the_o florentine_n and_o allow_v they_o ten_o day_n for_o a_o answer_n which_o proffer_n be_v accept_v but_o as_o a_o wound_n be_v more_o painful_a when_o cold_a than_o when_o it_o be_v first_o give_v this_o small_a repose_n give_v the_o florentine_n great_a sense_n of_o the_o misery_n which_o they_o have_v endure_v insomuch_o as_o they_o begin_v to_o talk_v free_o and_o upbraid_v one_o another_o by_o the_o miscarriage_n in_o the_o war_n charge_v one_o another_o with_o the_o greatness_n of_o the_o expense_n and_o the_o inequality_n of_o their_o tax_n and_o these_o exprobration_n be_v not_o only_o in_o the_o street_n and_o among_o the_o ordinary_a sort_n of_o people_n but_o even_o in_o their_o convention_n and_o public_a counsel_n in_o which_o one_o of_o they_o take_v the_o confidence_n to_o tell_v lorenzo_n to_o his_o face_n that_o the_o city_n be_v weary_a and_o will_v have_v no_o more_o war_n and_o that_o therefore_o he_o shall_v bethink_v himself_o of_o peace_n upon_o which_o lorenzo_n discern_v the_o necessity_n advise_v with_o such_o of_o his_o friend_n as_o he_o judge_v most_o faithful_a and_o able_a and_o it_o be_v conclude_v by_o all_o that_o see_v the_o venetian_n be_v cold_a and_o uncertain_a the_o duke_n young_a and_o embroil_v in_o new_a trouble_n at_o home_n their_o best_a way_n will_v be_v to_o seek_v out_o for_o new_a alliance_n and_o try_v what_o that_o will_v contribute_v to_o their_o success_n their_o great_a scruple_n be_v into_o who_o arm_n they_o shall_v cast_v themselves_o whether_o into_o the_o pope_n or_o the_o king_n be_v of_o naples_n and_o upon_o serious_a debate_n it_o be_v resolve_v into_o the_o king_n as_o a_o person_n of_o more_o stability_n and_o likely_a to_o yield_v they_o better_o protection_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o the_o pope_n life_n and_o the_o change_n upon_o their_o succession_n for_o the_o small_a fear_n the_o church_n have_v of_o any_o prince_n and_o the_o small_a regard_n it_o have_v of_o any_o body_n else_o in_o all_o its_o resolution_n cause_n that_o no_o secular_a prince_n can_v repose_v any_o entire_a confidence_n or_o communicate_v free_o in_o his_o affair_n with_o any_o of_o the_o pope_n for_o the_o that_o associate_n with_o he_o in_o war_n and_o in_o danger_n may_v perhaps_o have_v a_o companion_n and_o a_o sharer_n in_o his_o victory_n but_o in_o his_o distress_n he_o shall_v be_v sure_a to_o be_v alone_o his_o holiness_n be_v still_o bring_v off_o by_o his_o speritual_a influence_n and_o authority_n it_o be_v therefore_o determine_v more_o profitable_a to_o reconcile_v with_o the_o king_n there_o can_v be_v no_o way_n think_v of_o so_o likely_a as_o by_o lorenzo_n himself_o for_o by_o how_o much_o the_o more_o that_o king_n have_v taste_v of_o his_o liberality_n by_o so_o much_o the_o more_o
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any_o foreigner_n attack_n it_o he_o must_v do_v it_o with_o more_o care_n and_o circumspection_n in_o respect_n that_o the_o prince_n residence_n be_v there_o it_o will_v be_v hard_a for_o he_o to_o lose_v it_o there_o be_v another_o remedy_n rather_o better_o than_o worse_o and_o that_o be_v to_o plant_v colony_n in_o one_o or_o two_o place_n which_o may_v be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o key_n of_o that_o state_n and_o either_o that_o must_v be_v do_v of_o necessity_n or_o a_o army_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n be_v maintain_v in_o those_o part_n which_o be_v much_o worse_o for_o colony_n be_v of_o no_o great_a expense_n the_o prince_n send_v and_o maintain_v they_o at_o very_o little_a charge_n and_o intrenche_n only_o upon_o such_o as_o he_o be_v constrain_v to_o dispossess_v of_o their_o house_n and_o land_n for_o the_o subsistence_n and_o accommodation_n of_o the_o new_a inhabitant_n who_o be_v but_o few_o and_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o state_n they_o also_o who_o be_v injure_v and_o offend_v live_v disperse_v and_o in_o poverty_n can_v do_v any_o mischief_n and_o the_o rest_n be_v quiet_a and_o undisturbed_a will_v not_o stir_v lest_o they_o shall_v mistake_v and_o run_v themselves_o into_o the_o same_o condition_n with_o their_o neighbour_n i_o conclude_v likewise_o that_o those_o colony_n which_o be_v least_o chargeable_a be_v most_o faithful_a and_o inoffensive_a and_o those_o few_o who_o be_v offend_v be_v too_o poor_a and_o disperse_v to_o do_v any_o hurt_n as_o i_o say_v before_o and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v man_n be_v either_o to_o be_v flatter_v and_o indulge_v or_o utter_o destroy_v because_o for_o small_a offence_n they_o do_v usual_o revenge_v themselves_o but_o for_o great_a one_o they_o can_v so_o that_o injury_n be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o not_o to_o fear_v any_o revenge_n but_o if_o in_o stead_n of_o colony_n a_o army_n be_v keep_v on_o foot_n it_o will_v be_v much_o more_o expensive_a and_o the_o whole_a revenue_n of_o that_o province_n be_v consume_v in_o the_o keep_n it_o the_o acquisition_n will_v be_v a_o loss_n and_o rather_o a_o prejudice_n than_o otherwise_o by_o remove_v the_o camp_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n and_o change_v their_o quarter_n which_o be_v a_o inconvenience_n every_o man_n will_v resent_v and_o be_v ready_a to_o revenge_v and_o they_o be_v the_o most_o dangerous_a and_o implacable_a enemy_n who_o be_v provoke_v by_o insolence_n commit_v against_o they_o in_o their_o own_o house_n in_o all_o respect_n therefore_o this_o kind_n of_o guard_n be_v unprofitable_a whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n colonies_n be_v useful_a moreover_o he_o who_o be_v in_o a_o province_n of_o a_o different_a constitution_n as_o be_v say_v before_o ought_v to_o make_v himself_o head_n and_o protector_n of_o his_o inferior_a neighbour_n and_o endeavour_v with_o all_o diligence_n to_o weaken_v and_o debilitate_v such_o
the_o head_n of_o his_o army_n and_o have_v a_o multitude_n of_o soldier_n to_o govern_v than_o it_o be_v absolute_o necessary_a not_o to_o value_v the_o epithet_n of_o cruel_a for_o without_o that_o no_o army_n can_v be_v keep_v in_o unity_n nor_o in_o disposition_n for_o any_o great_a act_n among_o the_o several_a instance_n of_o hannibal_n great_a conduct_n it_o be_v one_o that_o have_v a_o vast_a army_n constitute_v out_o of_o several_a nation_n and_o conduct_v to_o make_v war_n in_o a_o enemy_n country_n there_o never_o happen_v any_o sedition_n among_o they_o or_o any_o mutiny_n against_o their_o general_n either_o in_o his_o adversity_n or_o prosperity_n which_o can_v proceed_v from_o nothing_o so_o probable_o as_o his_o great_a cruelty_n which_o add_v to_o his_o infinite_a virtue_n render_v he_o both_o awful_a and_o terrible_a to_o his_o soldier_n and_o without_o that_o all_o his_o virtue_n will_v have_v signify_v nothing_o some_o writer_n there_o be_v but_o of_o little_a consideration_n who_o admire_v his_o great_a exploit_n and_o condemn_v the_o true_a cause_n of_o they_o but_o to_o prove_v that_o his_o other_o virtue_n will_v never_o have_v carry_v he_o through_o let_v we_o reflect_v upon_o scipio_n a_o person_n honourable_a not_o only_o in_o his_o own_o time_n but_o in_o all_o history_n whatever_o nevertheless_o his_o army_n mutine_v in_o spain_n and_o the_o true_a cause_n of_o it_o be_v his_o too_o much_o gentleness_n and_o lenity_n which_o give_v his_o soldier_n more_o liberty_n than_o be_v suitable_a or_o consistant_fw-la with_o military_a discipline_n fabius_n maximus_n upbraid_v he_o by_o it_o in_o the_o senate_n and_o call_v he_o corrupter_n of_o the_o roman_a militia_n the_o inhabitant_n of_o locrus_n have_v be_v plunder_v and_o destroy_v by_o one_o of_o scipio_n lieutenant_n they_o be_v never_o redress_v nor_o the_o legat_n insolence_n correct_v all_o proceed_n from_o the_o mildness_n of_o scipio_n nature_n which_o be_v so_o eminent_a in_o he_o that_o a_o person_n undertake_v to_o excuse_v he_o in_o the_o senate_n declare_v that_o there_o be_v many_o who_o know_v better_o how_o to_o avoid_v do_v ill_a themselves_o than_o to_o punish_v it_o in_o other_o people_n which_o temper_n will_v doubtless_o in_o time_n have_v eclipse_v the_o glory_n and_o reputation_n of_o scipio_n have_v that_o authority_n be_v continue_v in_o he_o but_o receive_v order_n and_o live_v under_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o senate_n that_o ill_a quality_n be_v not_o only_o not_o discover_v in_o he_o but_o turn_v to_o his_o renown_n i_o conclude_v therefore_o according_a to_o what_o i_o have_v say_v about_o be_v fear_v or_o belove_v that_o forasmuch_o as_o man_n do_v love_n at_o their_o own_o discretion_n but_o fear_v at_o their_o prince_n a_o wise_a prince_n be_v oblige_v to_o lay_v his_o foundation_n upon_o that_o which_o be_v in_o his_o own_o power_n not_o what_o which_o depend_v on_o other_o people_n but_o as_o i_o say_v before_o with_o great_a caution_n that_o he_o do_v not_o make_v himself_o odious_a chap._n xviii_o how_o far_o a_o prince_n be_v oblige_v by_o his_o promise_n how_o honourable_a it_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n to_o keep_v his_o word_n and_o act_n rather_o with_o integrity_n than_o collusion_n i_o suppose_v every_o body_n understand_v nevertheless_o experience_n have_v show_v in_o out_o time_n that_o those_o prince_n who_o have_v not_o pin_v themselves_o up_o to_o that_o punctuality_n and_o preciseness_n have_v do_v great_a thing_n and_o by_o their_o cunning_a and_o subtlety_n not_o only_o circumvent_v and_o dart_v the_o brain_n of_o those_o with_o who_o they_o have_v to_o deal_v but_o have_v overcome_v and_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o those_o who_o have_v be_v so_o superstitious_o exact_a for_o further_a explanation_n you_o must_v understand_v there_o be_v two_o way_n of_o contend_v by_o law_n and_o by_o force_n the_o first_o be_v proper_a to_o man_n the_o second_o to_o beast_n but_o because_o many_o time_n the_o first_o be_v insufficient_a recourse_n must_v be_v have_v to_o the_o second_o it_o belong_v therefore_o to_o a_o prince_n to_o understand_v both_o when_o to_o make_v use_n of_o the_o rational_a and_o when_o of_o the_o brutal_a way_n and_o this_o be_v recommend_v to_o prince_n though_o abstruse_o by_o ancient_a writer_n who_o tell_v they_o how_o achilles_n and_o several_a other_o prince_n be_v commit_v to_o the_o education_n of_o chiron_n the_o centaur_n who_o be_v to_o keep_v they_o under_o his_o discipline_n choose_v they_o a_o master_n half_a man_n and_o half_a beast_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o to_o show_v how_o necessary_a it_o be_v for_o a_o prince_n to_o be_v acquaint_v with_o both_o for_o that_o one_o without_o the_o other_o will_v be_v of_o little_a duration_n see_v therefore_o it_o be_v of_o such_o importance_n to_o a_o prince_n to_o take_v upon_o he_o the_o nature_n and_o disposition_n of_o a_o beast_n of_o all_o the_o whole_a flock_n he_o ought_v to_o imitate_v the_o lion_n and_o the_o fox_n for_o the_o lion_n be_v in_o danger_n of_o toil_n and_o snare_n and_o the_o fox_n of_o the_o wolf_n so_o that_o he_o must_v be_v a_o fox_n to_o find_v out_o the_o snare_n and_o a_o lion_n to_o fright_v away_o the_o wolf_n but_o they_o who_o keep_v whole_o to_o the_o lion_n have_v no_o true_a notion_n of_o themselves_o a_o prince_n therefore_o that_o be_v wise_a and_o prudent_a can_v nor_o ought_v not_o to_o keep_v his_o pâ—â—ole_n when_o the_o keep_n of_o it_o be_v to_o his_o prejudice_n and_o the_o cause_n for_o which_o he_o promise_v remove_v be_v man_n all_o good_a this_o doctrine_n be_v not_o to_o be_v teach_v but_o because_o they_o be_v wicked_a and_o not_o likely_a to_o be_v punctual_a with_o you_o you_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o any_o such_o strictness_n with_o they_o nor_o be_v their_o ever_o any_o prince_n that_o want_v lawful_a pretence_n to_o justify_v his_o breach_n of_o promise_n i_o may_v instance_n in_o many_o modern_a example_n and_o show_v how_o many_o confederation_n and_o peace_n and_o promise_n have_v be_v break_v by_o the_o infidelity_n of_o prince_n and_o how_o he_o that_o best_o personate_v the_o fox_n have_v the_o better_a success_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v of_o great_a consequence_n to_o disguise_v your_o inclination_n and_o to_o play_v the_o hypocrite_n well_o and_o man_n be_v so_o simple_a in_o their_o temper_n and_o so_o submissive_a to_o their_o present_a necessity_n that_o he_o that_o be_v neat_a and_o cleanly_a in_o his_o collusion_n shall_v never_o want_v people_n to_o practice_v they_o upon_o i_o can_v forbear_v one_o example_n which_o be_v still_o fresh_a in_o our_o memory_n alexander_n vi._n never_o do_v nor_o think_v of_o any_o thing_n but_o cheat_v and_o never_o want_v matter_n to_o work_v upon_o &_o though_o no_o man_n promise_v a_o thing_n with_o great_a asseveration_n nor_o confirm_v it_o with_o more_o oath_n and_o imprecation_n and_o observe_v they_o less_o yet_o understand_v the_o world_n well_o he_o never_o miscarry_v a_o prince_n therefore_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o have_v all_o the_o forementioned_a good_a quality_n in_o reality_n but_o it_o be_v necessary_a he_o have_v they_o in_o appearance_n nay_o i_o will_v be_v bold_a to_o affirm_v that_o have_v they_o actual_o and_o employ_v they_o upon_o all_o occasion_n they_o be_v extreme_o prejudicial_a whereas_o have_v then_o only_o in_o appearance_n they_o turn_v to_o better_a account_n it_o be_v honourable_a to_o seem_v mild_a and_o merciful_a and_o courteous_a and_o religious_a and_o sincere_a and_o indeed_o to_o be_v so_o provide_v your_o mind_n be_v so_o rectify_v and_o prepare_v that_o you_o can_v act_v quite_o contrary_a upon_o occasion_n and_o this_o must_v be_v premise_v that_o a_o prince_n especial_o if_o come_v but_o late_o to_o the_o throne_n can_v observe_v all_o those_o thing_n exact_o which_o make_v man_n be_v esteem_v virtuous_a be_v oftentimes_o necessitate_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o state_n to_o do_v thing_n in_o humane_a uncharitable_a and_o irreligious_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a his_o mind_n be_v at_o his_o command_n and_o flexible_a to_o all_o the_o puff_n and_o variation_n of_o his_o fortune_n not_o forbear_v to_o be_v good_a while_o it_o be_v in_o his_o choice_n but_o know_v how_o to_o be_v evil_a when_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n a_o prince_n than_o be_v to_o have_v particular_a care_n that_o nothing_o fall_v from_o his_o mouth_n but_o what_o be_v full_a of_o the_o five_o quality_n aforesaid_a and_o that_o to_o see_v and_o to_o hear_v he_o he_o appear_v all_o goodness_n integrity_n humanity_n and_o religion_n which_o last_o he_o ought_v to_o pretend_v to_o more_o than_o ordinary_o because_o more_o man_n do_v judge_n by_o the_o eye_n then_o by_o the_o touch_n for_o every_o body_n see_v but_o few_o understand_v every_o body_n see_v how_o you_o appear_v
the_o one_o be_v in_o asia_n where_o niger_n general_n of_o the_o asiatic_a army_n have_v proclaim_v himself_o emperor_n the_o other_o in_o the_o west_n where_o albinus_n the_o general_n aspire_v to_o the_o same_o and_o think_v it_o hazardous_a to_o declare_v against_o both_o he_o resolve_v to_o oppose_v himself_o against_o niger_n and_o cajole_a and_o wheedle_n albinus_n to_o who_o he_o write_v word_n that_o be_v choose_v emperor_n by_o the_o senate_n he_o be_v willing_a to_o receive_v he_o to_o a_o participation_n of_o that_o dignity_n give_v he_o the_o title_n of_o caesar_n and_o by_o consent_n of_o the_o senate_n admit_v he_o his_o colleague_n which_o albinus_n embrace_v very_o willing_o and_o think_v he_o in_o earnest_n but_o when_o severus_n have_v overcome_v niger_n put_v he_o to_o death_n and_o settle_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o east_n be_v return_v to_o rome_n he_o complain_v in_o the_o senate_n against_o albinus_n as_o a_o person_n who_o contrary_a to_o his_o obligation_n for_o the_o benefit_n receive_v from_o he_o have_v endeavour_v treacherous_o to_o murder_v he_o tell_v they_o that_o he_o be_v oblige_v to_o march_v against_o he_o to_o punish_v his_o ingratitude_n and_o afterward_o follow_v he_o into_o france_n he_o execute_v his_o design_n deprive_v he_o of_o his_o command_n and_o put_v he_o to_o death_n he_o then_o who_o strict_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o this_o prince_n will_v find_v he_o fierce_a as_o a_o lion_n subtle_a as_o a_o fox_n fear_v and_o reverence_v by_o every_o body_n and_o no_o way_n odious_a to_o his_o army_n nor_o will_v it_o seem_v strange_a that_o he_o though_o new_o advance_v to_o the_o empire_n be_v able_a to_o defend_v it_o see_v his_o great_a reputation_n protect_v he_o against_o the_o hatred_n which_o his_o people_n may_v have_v conceive_v against_o he_o by_o reason_n of_o his_o rapine_n but_o his_o son_n antoninus_n be_v a_o excellent_a person_n likewise_o endue_v with_o transcendent_a part_n which_o render_v he_o admirable_a to_o the_o people_n and_o grateful_a to_o the_o soldier_n for_o he_o be_v martial_a in_o his_o nature_n patient_a of_o labour_n and_o hardship_n and_o a_o great_a despiser_n of_o all_o sensuality_n and_o softness_n which_o recommend_v he_o high_o to_o his_o army_n nevertheless_o his_o fury_n and_o cruelty_n be_v so_o immoderate_o great_a have_v upon_o several_a private_a and_o particular_a occasion_n put_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o alexandria_n to_o death_n that_o he_o fall_v into_o the_o hatred_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n and_o begin_v to_o be_v fear_v by_o his_o confident_n that_o be_v about_o he_o so_o that_o he_o be_v kill_v by_o one_o of_o his_o captain_n in_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o camp_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v that_o these_o kind_n of_o assassination_n which_o follow_v upon_o a_o deliberate_a and_o obstinate_a resolution_n can_v be_v prevent_v by_o a_o prince_n for_o he_o who_o value_v not_o his_o own_o life_n can_v commit_v they_o when_o he_o please_v but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v the_o less_o because_o they_o happen_v but_o seldom_o he_o be_v only_o to_o have_v a_o care_n of_o do_v any_o great_a injury_n to_o those_o that_o be_v about_o he_o of_o which_o error_n antoninus_n be_v too_o guilty_a have_v put_v the_o brother_n of_o the_o say_a captain_n to_o a_o ignominious_a death_n threaten_v the_o captain_n daily_o and_o yet_o continue_v he_o in_o his_o guard_n which_o be_v a_o rash_a and_o pernicious_a act_n and_o prove_v so_o in_o the_o end_n but_o to_o come_v to_o commodus_n who_o have_v no_o hard_a task_n to_o preserve_v his_o empire_n succeed_v to_o it_o by_o way_n of_o inheritance_n as_o son_n to_o marcus_n for_o that_o to_o satisfy_v the_o people_n and_o oblige_v the_o soldier_n he_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o follow_v the_o footstep_n of_o his_o father_n but_o be_v of_o a_o brutish_a and_o cruel_a disposition_n to_o exercise_v his_o rapacity_n upon_o the_o people_n he_o indulge_v his_o army_n and_o allow_v they_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o licentiousness_n beside_o prostitute_v his_o dignity_n by_o descend_v many_o time_n upon_o the_o theatre_n to_o fight_v with_o the_o gladiator_n and_o commit_v many_o other_o act_n which_o be_v vile_a and_o unworthy_a the_o majesty_n of_o a_o emperor_n he_o become_v contemptible_a to_o the_o soldier_n and_o grow_v odious_a to_o one_o party_n and_o despicable_a to_o the_o other_o they_o conspire_v and_o murder_v he_o maximinus_n be_v likewise_o a_o martial_a prince_n and_o addict_v to_o the_o war_n and_o the_o army_n be_v weary_a of_o the_o effeminacy_n of_o alexander_n who_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o have_v slay_v he_o they_o make_v maximinus_n emperor_n but_o he_o possess_v it_o not_o long_o for_o two_o thing_n contribute_v to_o make_v he_o odious_a and_o despise_v one_o be_v the_o meanness_n of_o his_o extraction_n have_v keep_v sheep_n former_o in_o thrace_n which_o be_v know_v to_o all_o the_o world_n and_o make_v he_o universal_o contemptible_a the_o other_o be_v that_o at_o his_o first_o come_v to_o the_o empire_n by_o not_o repair_v immediate_o to_o rome_n and_o put_v himself_o into_o possession_n of_o his_o imperial_a seat_n he_o have_v contract_v the_o imputation_n of_o be_v cruel_a have_v exercise_v more_o than_o ordinary_a severity_n by_o his_o prefect_n in_o rome_n and_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o empire_n so_o that_o the_o whole_a world_n be_v provoke_v by_o the_o vileness_n of_o his_o birth_n and_o detestation_n of_o his_o cruelty_n in_o apprehension_n of_o his_o fury_n africa_n the_o senate_n and_o all_o the_o people_n both_o in_o italy_n and_o rome_n conspire_v against_o he_o and_o his_o own_o army_n join_v themselves_o with_o they_o in_o their_o leaguer_n before_o aquileia_n find_v it_o difficult_a to_o be_v take_v weary_a of_o his_o cruelty_n and_o encourage_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o enemy_n they_o set_v upon_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o i_o will_v not_o trouble_v myself_o with_o heliogabalus_n macrinus_n nor_o julian_n who_o be_v all_o effeminate_a and_o contemptible_a be_v quick_o extinguish_v but_o i_o shall_v conclude_v this_o discourse_n and_o say_v that_o the_o prince_n of_o our_o time_n be_v not_o oblige_v to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n in_o their_o respective_a government_n by_o such_o extraordinary_a way_n for_o though_o they_o be_v not_o altogether_o to_o be_v neglect_v yet_o the_o remedy_n and_o resolution_n be_v easy_a because_o none_o of_o these_o prince_n have_v entire_a army_n bring_v up_o and_o inveterate_v in_o their_o several_a government_n and_o province_n as_o the_o army_n under_o the_o roman_a empire_n be_v if_o therefore_o at_o that_o time_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o satisfy_v the_o soldier_n rather_o than_o the_o people_n it_o be_v because_o the_o soldier_n be_v more_o potent_a at_o present_v it_o be_v more_o the_o interest_n of_o all_o prince_n except_o the_o 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his_o troop_n to_o join_v with_o bastiano_n at_o one_o gate_n he_o with_o the_o rest_n advance_v the_o common_a road_n towards_o jacopo_n at_o both_o gate_n they_o be_v admit_v as_o friend_n but_o no_o soon_o be_v they_o enter_v but_o upon_o a_o signal_n give_v bastiano_n be_v kill_v on_o one_o side_n with_o all_o his_o chief_a friend_n and_o jacopo_n and_o his_o friend_n escape_v no_o better_a on_o the_o other_o the_o rest_n of_o their_o party_n betake_v to_o their_o heel_n the_o whole_a town_n be_v leave_v at_o castruccio_n devotion_n he_o come_v in_o person_n to_o reassure_v the_o magistrate_n and_o bring_v they_o out_o of_o the_o palace_n whither_o they_o have_v flee_v to_o secure_v themselves_o have_v call_v the_o people_n together_o the_o promise_v to_o cancel_v all_o the_o old_a debt_n do_v many_o act_n of_o grace_n lessen_v their_o impost_n and_o prevail_v upon_o they_o to_o be_v obedient_a by_o the_o force_n of_o his_o caress_n and_o new_a privilege_n which_o he_o give_v 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without_o cause_n that_o the_o roman_n have_v private_a intelligence_n with_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n that_o if_o their_o force_n shall_v join_v he_o shall_v be_v force_v out_o of_o rome_n and_o the_o pope_n be_v restore_v he_o conclude_v therefore_o his_o safe_a recourse_n will_v be_v to_o castruccio_n so_o that_o he_o send_v to_o he_o for_o supply_n and_o beg_v of_o he_o that_o he_o will_v come_v along_o with_o they_o in_o person_n castruccio_n make_v no_o scruple_n of_o the_o voyage_n be_v equal_o transport_v to_o be_v able_a to_o do_v a_o meritorious_a piece_n of_o service_n to_o the_o emperor_n and_o put_v himself_o in_o a_o condition_n to_o be_v regard_v at_o rome_n and_o look_v upon_o as_o the_o moderator_n of_o their_o affair_n whenever_o the_o emperor_n shall_v be_v absent_a leave_v therefore_o the_o care_n of_o lucca_n to_o the_o charge_n of_o pagolo_n guinigi_n and_o content_v himself_o only_o with_o a_o convoy_n of_o two_o hundred_o horse_n he_o come_v to_o rome_n and_o 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first_o be_v before_o and_o in_o these_o word_n as_o devout_a as_o common_a he_o be_v as_o it_o please_v god_n and_o behind_o in_o these_o and_o shall_v be_v what_o god_n will_v have_v he_o whilst_o these_o thing_n be_v in_o transaction_n the_o florentine_n incense_a that_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o their_o truce_n castruccio_n have_v surprise_v the_o town_n of_o pistoia_n resolve_v to_o recover_v it_o by_o force_n and_o think_v it_o not_o likely_a to_o be_v difficult_a if_o they_o take_v the_o opportunity_n of_o his_o absence_n among_o the_o fugitive_n from_o pistoia_n who_o have_v save_v themselves_o in_o florence_n there_o be_v two_o principal_o considerable_a cecchi_n and_o baldini_n they_o be_v man_n in_o action_n and_o have_v always_o retain_v a_o private_a correspondence_n with_o their_o friend_n in_o pistoia_n and_o they_o manage_v all_o thing_n so_o dexterous_o for_o a_o revolt_n that_o they_o cause_v a_o good_a party_n of_o florentine_n to_o enter_v one_o night_n into_o the_o town_n who_o restore_v they_o their_o liberty_n with_o the_o destruction_n of_o all_o castruccio_n party_n this_o news_n be_v bring_v to_o rome_n touch_v castruccio_n to_o the_o quick_a who_o take_v leave_n of_o errico_n with_o large_a journey_n come_v direct_o to_o lucca_n the_o florentine_n have_v notice_n of_o his_o return_n and_o resolve_v stout_o to_o begin_v the_o war_n upon_o he_o that_o he_o may_v not_o have_v leisure_n to_o prepare_v wherefore_o have_v oblige_v all_o that_o like_o themselves_o be_v favourer_n of_o the_o guelfish_a faction_n to_o put_v themselves_o forward_o in_o some_o extraordinary_a manner_n they_o raise_v a_o strong_a army_n and_o march_v with_o all_o diligence_n to_o possess_v themselves_o first_o of_o the_o valley_n of_o nievole_n to_o facilitate_v their_o communication_n with_o pistoia_n castruccio_n on_o his_o side_n with_o what_o force_v he_o can_v get_v together_o march_v direct_o for_o monte-carlo_n and_o have_v intelligence_n where_o the_o 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that_o he_o will_v not_o stir_v from_o monte-carlo_n thereby_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o his_o clutch_n and_o make_v they_o haste_n with_o all_o speed_n to_o gain_v the_o avenue_n to_o the_o val_n de_fw-fr nievole_n and_o this_o plot_n of_o his_o jump_v exact_o with_o the_o florentine_a design_n for_o they_o have_v no_o mind_n that_o pistoia_n shall_v be_v the_o theatre_n of_o the_o war_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o remove_v it_o into_o the_o vale_n they_o encamp_v above_o seravalle_n with_o intention_n to_o have_v pass_v the_o straits_n the_o next_o day_n not_o imagine_v in_o the_o least_o that_o the_o castle_n be_v surprise_v castruccio_n have_v notice_n of_o their_o motion_n about_o midnight_n draw_v his_o army_n out_o of_o their_o quarter_n and_o steal_v private_o before_o break_v of_o day_n to_o the_o foot_n of_o seravalle_n the_o accident_n be_v odd_a for_o as_o he_o march_v up_o the_o hill_n on_o one_o side_n the_o enemy_n march_v up_o on_o the_o other_o cause_v his_o foot_n to_o 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themselves_o gallant_o but_o the_o noise_n of_o so_o unexpected_a a_o encounter_n put_v they_o present_o to_o a_o stand_n and_o be_v defuse_a in_o the_o army_n it_o put_v all_o into_o great_a disorder_n and_o fear_n the_o horse_n and_o the_o foot_n fall_v foul_a upon_o one_o another_o and_o both_o upon_o the_o baggage_n want_v of_o ground_n render_v the_o experience_n of_o the_o officer_n of_o no_o use_n and_o the_o straightness_n of_o the_o pass_n confound_v all_o their_o military_a cunning_n the_o first_o troop_n that_o castruccio_n charge_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o the_o hill_n be_v immediate_o rout_v and_o the_o small_a resistance_n they_o make_v be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o defect_n of_o their_o courage_n as_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o place_n with_o the_o incommodity_n of_o which_o and_o the_o strangeness_n of_o the_o surprise_n they_o be_v constrain_v to_o give_v ground_n there_o be_v no_o way_n leave_v for_o they_o to_o run_v on_o their_o flank_n the_o mountain_n be_v inaccessible_a their_o enemy_n be_v in_o the_o front_n and_o their_o own_o army_n in_o the_o rear_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n as_o this_o first_o charge_n of_o castruccio_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o stagger_v the_o enemy_n battle_n he_o draw_v out_o a_o party_n of_o foot_n and_o send_v they_o to_o join_v with_o the_o horse_n in_o the_o castle_n of_o seravalle_n this_o body_n in_o reserve_n have_v possession_n of_o the_o hill_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o flank_n of_o the_o florentine_n force_v they_o to_o give_v ground_n and_o yield_v to_o the_o wild_a incommodity_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o violence_n and_o fierceness_n of_o the_o enemy_n the_o rearguard_n run_v and_o have_v get_v into_o the_o plain_a that_o look_v towards_o pistoia_n every_o man_n shift_v as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v this_o defeat_n be_v bloody_a and_o great_a among_o the_o multitude_n of_o prisoner_n there_o be_v many_o of_o the_o principal_a officer_n among_o the_o rest_n three_o noble_a florentine_n bandino_n di_fw-fr rossi_n francisco_n brunilleschi_n and_o giovanni_n della_fw-it tosa_n without_o mention_v several_a considerable_a tuscan_n and_o many_o of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n his_o subject_n who_o by_o their_o prince_n order_n be_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o florentine_a upon_o the_o first_o tiding_n of_o their_o defeat_n the_o pistoians_n turn_v the_o guelfs_n faction_n out_o of_o town_n and_o come_v with_o their_o key_n and_o present_v they_o to_o castruccio_n who_o pursue_v his_o victory_n carry_v prato_n and_o all_o the_o town_n in_o that_o plain_a as_o well_o beyond_o as_o on_o this_o side_n the_o arno_n after_o which_o he_o encamp_v with_o his_o army_n in_o the_o plain_a of_o peretola_n two_o mile_n from_o florence_n where_o he_o continue_v brave_v the_o city_n and_o pass_v several_a day_n in_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o his_o good_a fortune_n part_v the_o spoil_n and_o coin_v of_o money_n thereby_o exercise_v with_o great_a ostentation_n a_o kind_n of_o sovereign_a right_n over_o their_o territory_n and_o release_n something_o of_o the_o rigour_n of_o his_o discipline_n he_o give_v his_o soldier_n liberty_n to_o insult_v as_o they_o please_v over_o the_o conquer_a and_o to_o make_v his_o triumph_n the_o more_o remarkable_a nothing_o can_v serve_v the_o turn_n but_o naked_a woman_n must_v run_v course_n on_o horseback_n under_o the_o very_a wall_n of_o the_o city_n but_o this_o gallantry_n and_o ostentation_n entertain_v he_o but_o light_o or_o rather_o serve_v but_o as_o a_o colour_n to_o hide_v his_o great_a design_n for_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n he_o find_v a_o way_n to_o corrupt_v lupacci_n frescobaldi_n and_o some_o certain_a other_o gentleman_n in_o the_o town_n who_o be_v to_o have_v deliver_v he_o a_o gate_n and_o bring_v he_o into_o florence_n in_o the_o night_n have_v not_o their_o conspiracy_n be_v discover_v and_o defeat_v afterward_o by_o the_o punishment_n of_o the_o accomplice_n this_o great_a town_n be_v so_o straighten_v and_o so_o long_o block_v up_o that_o the_o inhabitant_n see_v no_o other_o way_n of_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n than_o by_o engage_v it_o to_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n send_v ambassador_n to_o that_o prince_n and_o offer_v to_o throw_v themselves_o into_o his_o arm_n it_o be_v not_o only_o for_o his_o honour_n to_o accept_v of_o their_o proffer_n but_o for_o the_o general_a interest_n of_o the_o whole_a faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n which_o without_o that_o can_v subsist_v no_o long_o in_o tuscany_n the_o term_n be_v agree_v the_o treaty_n conclude_v and_o the_o florentine_n to_o pay_v he_o annual_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o florin_n he_o send_v they_o four_o thousand_o horse_n under_o the_o command_n of_o prince_n carlo_n his_o son_n during_o this_o negotiation_n a_o unexpected_a accident_n happen_v which_o put_v castruccio_n into_o a_o cool_a temper_n and_o make_v he_o give_v the_o florentine_n breath_n in_o spite_n of_o his_o tooth_n there_o be_v a_o new_a conspiracy_n against_o he_o at_o pisa_n not_o to_o be_v suppress_v by_o his_o presence_n benedetto_n lanfranchi_n one_o of_o the_o chief_a citizen_n in_o the_o town_n be_v the_o author_n of_o it_o benedetto_n trouble_v to_o see_v his_o country_n subject_n to_o the_o tyranny_n of_o a_o lucchese_n undertake_v to_o surprise_v the_o citadel_n force_v out_o the_o garrison_n and_o cut_v the_o throat_n of_o all_o that_o be_v friend_n to_o castruccio_n but_o as_o in_o those_o kind_n of_o conjuration_n if_o a_o small_a number_n be_v able_a to_o keep_v thing_n secret_a it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o put_v they_o in_o execution_n and_o therefore_o whilst_o lanfranchi_n be_v endeavour_v to_o hook_n in_o more_o associate_n he_o meet_v with_o those_o who_o be_v false_a and_o discover_v all_o to_o castruccio_n two_o noble_a florentine_n cecchi_n and_o guidi_n who_o be_v flee_v to_o pisa_n be_v suspect_v to_o be_v the_o traitor_n and_o the_o suspicion_n of_o that_o perfidy_n leave_v a_o ill_a stain_n upon_o their_o reputation_n which_o way_n soever_o it_o be_v castruccio_n put_v lanfranchi_n to_o death_n banish_v his_o whole_a family_n and_o several_a of_o the_o chief_a pisans_n be_v leave_v short_a by_o the_o head_n this_o plot_n discover_v to_o castruccio_n that_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o town_n of_o pistoia_n and_o pisa_n will_v be_v always_o easy_o shake_v he_o put_v all_o thing_n in_o practice_n that_o cunning_a or_o open_a force_n can_v suggest_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o their_o duty_n but_o whilst_o his_o thought_n be_v upon_o the_o tenter_n about_o so_o important_a a_o care_n the_o florentine_n have_v some_o respite_n to_o recover_v their_o sense_n and_o expect_v the_o neapolitan_a succour_n which_o be_v at_o length_n arrive_v under_o the_o conduct_n of_o prince_n carlo_n a_o general_a counsel_n be_v hold_v of_o the_o whole_a faction_n of_o the_o guelf_n upon_o the_o resolution_n take_v there_o a_o army_n be_v
they_o their_o friend_n confirm_v the_o ill_a opinion_n which_o they_o have_v of_o their_o adversary_n before_o several_a example_n may_v be_v produce_v to_o this_o purpose_n but_o i_o shall_v only_o instance_n in_o one_o the_o florentine_a army_n be_v encamp_v before_o lucca_n under_o the_o command_n of_o giovanni_n guiccardini_fw-la their_o commissary_n by_o his_o ill_a fortune_n or_o conduct_v the_o town_n be_v not_o take_v which_o of_o the_o two_o soever_o it_o be_v giovanni_n be_v asperse_v as_o have_v be_v bribe_v by_o the_o luccheses_n which_o calumny_n be_v propagate_v by_o his_o enemy_n nettle_v giovanni_n and_o almost_o bring_v he_o to_o despair_v and_o though_o in_o order_n to_o his_o justification_n he_o offer_v to_o put_v himself_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o captain_n yet_o all_o be_v to_o no_o purpose_n for_o in_o that_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v no_o body_n qualify_v to_o clear_v he_o from_o hence_o arise_v great_a contention_n betwixt_o guiccardin_n friend_n who_o be_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o grandee_n in_o that_o city_n and_o those_o who_o study_v novelty_n which_o contention_n and_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n increase_a daily_o upon_o their_o hand_n bring_v that_o poor_a commonwealth_n into_o a_o most_o deplorable_a condition_n manlius_n therefore_o spread_v these_o false_a report_n of_o the_o senator_n about_o rome_n be_v a_o calumniator_n not_o a_o accuser_n and_o the_o roman_n in_o his_o case_n give_v manifest_a instruction_n how_o such_o people_n be_v to_o be_v punish_v that_o be_v that_o they_o be_v oblige_v public_o to_o accuse_v and_o when_o their_o charge_n be_v make_v good_a that_o they_o be_v reward_v or_o encourage_v but_o when_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v that_o they_o be_v punish_v like_o manlius_n chap._n ix_o how_o much_o a_o single_a person_n be_v necessary_a for_o the_o establishment_n of_o a_o new_a commonwealth_n or_o the_o reformation_n of_o a_o old_a it_o may_v seem_v to_o some_o that_o i_o have_v run_v too_o far_o into_o the_o roman_a history_n have_v make_v no_o mention_n of_o the_o founder_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n nor_o of_o the_o order_n which_o they_o observe_v either_o in_o matter_n of_o religion_n or_o war._n to_o ease_v they_o therefore_o of_o their_o suspense_n who_o be_v desirous_a to_o hear_v something_o to_o that_o purpose_n i_o say_v that_o many_o perhaps_o may_v think_v it_o of_o ill_a example_n for_o the_o founder_n of_o a_o state_n as_o romulus_n be_v to_o kill_v his_o own_o brother_n and_o afterward_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o titus_n tatius_n sabinus_n who_o be_v choose_v his_o companion_n in_o the_o government_n suppose_v that_o according_a to_o that_o precedent_n any_o of_o his_o citizen_n that_o be_v ambitious_a of_o command_n may_v make_v away_o their_o adversary_n or_o competitor_n and_o remove_v any_o obstucle_n that_o oppose_v they_o and_o it_o be_v reasonable_a enough_o be_v it_o not_o to_o be_v consider_v to_o what_o end_n and_o upon_o what_o motive_n that_o murder_n be_v commit_v this_o be_v to_o be_v take_v for_o a_o maxim_n and_o general_a rule_n that_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o any_o government_n either_o to_o be_v well_o found_v at_o first_o or_o will_v reform_v afterward_o unless_o by_o a_o single_a person_n by_o who_o direction_n all_o order_n all_o law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o promulge_v he_o therefore_o who_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o a_o commonwealth_n if_o he_o be_v a_o honest_a man_n and_o aim_v not_o at_o his_o own_o interest_n and_o the_o raise_n of_o his_o family_n more_o than_o the_o advancement_n of_o his_o country_n must_v endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o power_n into_o his_o single_a hand_n nor_o will_v any_o wise_a man_n ever_o accuse_v he_o for_o any_o action_n extraordinary_a that_o he_o shall_v do_v in_o order_n thereunto_o or_o if_o the_o fact_n be_v to_o be_v blame_v the_o effect_n will_v excuse_v it_o especial_o if_o be_v good_a as_o it_o be_v in_o romulus_n his_o case_n for_o it_o be_v destructive_a and_o pernicious_a violence_n that_o be_v to_o be_v reprehend_v not_o that_o which_o tend_v to_o settlement_n and_o reformation_n he_o be_v also_o to_o be_v so_o prudent_a and_o virtuous_a as_o not_o to_o leave_v the_o authority_n which_o he_o assume_v in_o inheritance_n to_o another_o because_o man_n be_v more_o prone_a to_o evil_n than_o good_a his_o success_n or_o may_v employ_v that_o power_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n which_o he_o in_o his_o wisdom_n make_v use_n of_o to_o its_o benefit_n and_o advantage_n moreover_o though_o one_o be_v fit_a to_o make_v law_n yet_o when_o once_o make_v they_o can_v hold_v long_o if_o leave_v upon_o the_o shoulder_n of_o a_o single_a person_n but_o when_o the_o care_n and_o execution_n of_o they_o be_v transfer_v upon_o many_o and_o many_o be_v concern_v to_o maintain_v they_o it_o be_v much_o better_o for_o though_o many_o be_v not_o so_o proper_a in_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o government_n because_o their_o diversity_n of_o opinion_n keep_v they_o from_o discern_v what_o be_v absolute_o for_o its_o good_a yet_o when_o thing_n be_v once_o settle_v and_o they_o have_v find_v it_o that_o very_a diversity_n will_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o preserve_v it_o and_o that_o romulus_n be_v excusable_a for_o what_o he_o do_v to_o his_o brother_n and_o companion_n and_o that_o what_o he_o do_v be_v more_o for_o the_o common_a good_a than_o his_o own_o private_a ambition_n or_o revenge_n appear_v by_o this_o that_o he_o have_v no_o soon_o make_v they_o away_o but_o he_o constitute_v a_o senate_n by_o who_o advice_n he_o act_v in_o every_o thing_n reserve_v to_o himself_o only_o the_o power_n of_o call_v they_o together_o and_o command_v the_o army_n when_o they_o shall_v resolve_v of_o a_o war_n and_o of_o this_o we_o can_v have_v better_a evidence_n than_o that_o which_o follow_v after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o tarquin_n there_o be_v nothing_o innovate_v or_o alter_v by_o the_o roman_n only_o in_o stead_n of_o one_o perpetual_a king_n they_o create_v two_o annual_a consul_n which_o show_v that_o romulus_n in_o his_o first_o institution_n aim_v rather_o at_o the_o election_n of_o a_o civil_a and_o a_o free_a than_o a_o absolute_a and_o tyrannical_a state_n many_o more_o example_n may_v be_v produce_v to_o fortify_v what_o be_v say_v as_o those_o of_o moses_n lycurgus_n solon_n and_o other_o founder_n of_o kingdom_n and_o commonwealth_n who_o by_o assume_v a_o monarchical_a authority_n be_v able_a to_o frame_v and_o impose_v such_o law_n as_o be_v for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o public_a but_o be_v so_o well_o know_v it_o will_v be_v superfluous_a i_o shall_v add_v only_o one_o not_o so_o famous_a perhaps_o yet_o worthy_a to_o be_v consider_v by_o those_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o be_v good_a legislator_n and_o it_o be_v this_o agl_v king_n of_o sparta_n observe_v his_o citizen_n have_v lose_v much_o of_o their_o ancient_a virtue_n and_o by_o consequence_n be_v decay_v both_o in_o their_o power_n and_o empire_n impute_v it_o in_o part_n to_o their_o deviation_n from_o the_o law_n of_o lycurgus_n desire_v very_o earnest_o to_o reduce_v they_o again_o but_o before_o he_o can_v bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n he_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o spartan_a ephori_fw-la as_o one_o who_o design_v to_o make_v himself_o absolute_a but_o cleomenes_n succeed_v he_o in_o the_o government_n have_v the_o same_o inclination_n and_o perceive_v by_o some_o record_n and_o write_n which_o agis_n have_v leave_v behind_o what_o be_v his_o intention_n he_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v his_o country_n that_o service_n any_o way_n but_o by_o make_v himself_o absolute_a for_o by_o the_o ambition_n of_o some_o person_n he_o find_v that_o he_o can_v not_o do_v the_o good_a which_o he_o design_v to_o the_o generality_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o malevolence_n of_o a_o few_o wherefore_o he_o cause_v the_o ephori_fw-la and_o whoever_o else_o he_o think_v likely_a to_o obstruct_v he_o to_o be_v kill_v and_o revive_v the_o law_n of_o lycurgus_n which_o noble_a act_n may_v have_v recover_v that_o state_n and_o have_v make_v cleomenes_n as_o venerable_a as_o lycurgus_n himself_o have_v it_o not_o be_v for_o the_o power_n of_o macedon_n and_o the_o weakness_n of_o other_o commonwealth_n for_o not_o long_o after_o that_o reformation_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o macedonian_n it_o prove_v unable_a to_o defend_v itself_o and_o have_v no_o body_n to_o sustain_v it_o be_v overcome_v and_o that_o just_a and_o honourable_a design_n be_v unhappy_o lay_v aside_o consider_v therefore_o what_o have_v be_v say_v i_o conclude_v that_o a_o single_a person_n be_v best_a for_o the_o institution_n or_o regulate_v of_o any_o sort_n of_o government_n and_o that_o for_o the_o death_n of_o remus_n and_o tatius_n romulus_n be_v not_o to_o be_v blame_v chap._n x._o as_o they_o be_v
to_o be_v praise_v who_o lie_v the_o foundation_n of_o any_o republic_n or_o kingdom_n so_o they_o be_v to_o be_v condemn_v who_o set_v up_o a_o tyranny_n among_o all_o excellent_a and_o illustrious_a man_n they_o be_v most_o praise_v worthy_a who_o have_v be_v the_o chief_a establisher_n of_o religion_n and_o divine_a worship_n in_o the_o second_o place_n be_v they_o who_o have_v lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o any_o kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n in_o the_o three_o those_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o great_a army_n have_v enlarge_v their_o own_o or_o the_o dominion_n of_o their_o country_n in_o the_o next_o learned_a man_n of_o all_o science_n according_a to_o their_o several_a study_n and_o degree_n and_o last_o of_o all_o as_o be_v infinite_o the_o great_a number_n come_v the_o artificer_n and_o mechanic_n all_o to_o be_v commend_v as_o they_o be_v ingenious_a or_o skilful_a in_o their_o profession_n on_o the_o other_o side_n they_o be_v infamous_a and_o detestable_a who_o be_v contemner_n of_o religion_n subverter_n of_o government_n enemy_n of_o virtue_n of_o learning_n of_o art_n and_o in_o short_a of_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v useful_a and_o honourable_a to_o mankind_n and_o of_o this_o sort_n be_v the_o profane_a the_o seditious_a the_o ignorant_a the_o idle_a the_o debauch_a and_o the_o vile_a and_o although_o nature_n have_v so_o order_v it_o that_o their_o be_v neither_o wise_a man_n nor_o fool_n nor_o good_a man_n nor_o bad_a who_o if_o it_o be_v propose_v to_o he_o which_o he_o will_v choose_v of_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o people_n will_v not_o prefer_v that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v prefer_v and_o condemn_v the_o other_o yet_o the_o generality_n of_o mankind_n delude_v by_o a_o false_a impression_n of_o good_a and_o a_o vain_a notion_n of_o glory_n leave_v those_o way_n which_o be_v excellent_a and_o commendable_a either_o wilful_o or_o ignorant_o wander_v into_o those_o path_n which_o will_v lead_v they_o to_o dishonour_n and_o whereas_o to_o their_o immortal_a honour_n they_o may_v establish_v a_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n as_o they_o please_v they_o run_v headlong_o into_o a_o tyranny_n not_o consider_v what_o fame_n what_o glory_n what_o affection_n what_o security_n what_o quiet_a and_o satisfaction_n of_o mind_n they_o part_v with_o nor_o what_o reproach_n scandal_n hatred_n danger_n and_o disquiet_n they_o incur_v it_o be_v impossible_a but_o all_o people_n whether_o of_o private_a condition_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o such_o as_o by_o their_o fortune_n or_o virtue_n have_v arrive_v to_o be_v prince_n if_o they_o have_v any_o knowledge_n in_o history_n and_o the_o passage_n of_o old_a will_v rather_o choose_v if_o private_a person_n to_o be_v scipio_n than_a caesar_n and_o if_o prince_n to_o be_v agesilaus_n timolion_n and_o dion_n than_o nabis_n phalaris_n or_o dionysius_n because_o they_o must_v find_v the_o one_o high_o celebrate_v and_o admire_v and_o the_o other_o as_o much_o abhor_a and_o condemn_v they_o must_v find_v timoleon_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o have_v as_o much_o interest_n and_o authority_n in_o their_o country_n as_o dionysius_n or_o phalaris_n have_v in_o they_o and_o much_o more_o security_n nor_o let_v any_o man_n deceive_v himself_o with_o caesar_n reputation_n find_v he_o so_o exceed_o eminent_a in_o history_n for_o those_o who_o have_v cry_v he_o up_o be_v either_o corrupt_v by_o his_o fortune_n or_o terrify_v by_o his_o power_n for_o while_o the_o empire_n continue_v it_o be_v never_o permit_v that_o any_o man_n shall_v speak_v any_o thing_n against_o he_o and_o doubtless_o have_v writer_n have_v their_o liberty_n they_o can_v have_v say_v as_o much_o of_o he_o as_o of_o catiline_n and_o caesar_n be_v so_o much_o the_o worst_a of_o the_o two_o by_o how_o much_o it_o be_v worse_a to_o effect_v and_o perpetrate_v a_o ill_a thing_n than_o to_o design_v it_o and_o this_o they_o may_v judge_v by_o what_o be_v say_v of_o his_o adversary_n brutus_n for_o not_o dare_v to_o speak_v downright_a of_o caesar_n by_o reason_n of_o his_o power_n by_o kind_n of_o reverse_n they_o magnify_v his_o enemy_n after_o rome_n also_o be_v grow_v to_o be_v a_o empire_n and_o the_o government_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o single_a person_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v how_o much_o more_o happy_a and_o secure_a those_o emperor_n be_v who_o live_v like_o good_a prince_n according_a to_o the_o dictate_v of_o the_o law_n than_o those_o who_o live_v otherwise_o for_o titus_n nerva_n trajanus_n adrianus_n antoninus_n and_o marcus_n have_v no_o need_n of_o praetorian_a band_n nor_o multitude_n of_o legion_n to_o defend_v they_o their_o own_o excellent_a deportment_n the_o benevolence_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o affection_n of_o the_o senate_n save_v they_o that_o charge_n it_o will_v appear_v likewise_o how_o to_o caligula_n nero_n vitellius_n and_o several_a other_o tyrannical_a emperor_n their_o eastern_a and_o western_a army_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o secure_v they_o against_o the_o enemy_n which_o their_o irregularity_n and_o ill_a manner_n have_v contract_v the_o history_n of_o which_o person_n if_o well_o consider_v will_v enable_v any_o prince_n to_o distinguish_v betwixt_o the_o way_n of_o honour_n and_o infamy_n of_o security_n and_o fear_n for_o of_o xxvi_o emperor_n betwixt_o caesar_n and_o maximinus_n xvi_o be_v murder_v and_o but_o x_o die_v in_o their_o bed_n and_o though_o some_o of_o those_o who_o be_v slay_v may_v possible_o be_v good_a as_o pertinax_n and_o galba_n yet_o they_o be_v murder_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o corruption_n and_o ill_a discipline_n which_o their_o predecessor_n have_v leave_v in_o the_o army_n and_o if_o among_o those_o who_o die_v natural_o there_o be_v any_o tyrannical_a as_o severus_n it_o be_v to_o be_v impute_v to_o his_o great_a courage_n and_o fortune_n which_o be_v two_o thing_n very_o seldom_o concomitant_a in_o one_o man_n it_o be_v legible_a likewise_o in_o the_o same_o history_n upon_o what_o 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man_n enjoy_v their_o estate_n nobility_n and_o virtue_n exalt_v and_o all_o thing_n quiet_a and_o well_o no_o rancour_n no_o licentiousness_n no_o corruption_n no_o ambition_n to_o be_v find_v the_o time_n be_v golden_a every_o man_n enjoy_v his_o opinion_n and_o defend_v it_o as_o he_o please_v in_o a_o word_n he_o will_v find_v the_o world_n triumph_v in_o felicity_n the_o prince_n happy_a in_o the_o reverence_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o people_n and_o the_o people_n safe_a in_o the_o generosity_n of_o their_o prince_n if_o then_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o other_o emperor_n be_v contemplate_v they_o will_v appear_v full_a of_o commotion_n discord_n and_o sedition_n assassination_n in_o peace_n cruelty_n in_o war_n many_o prince_n murder_v many_o foreign_a many_o domestic_a embroilment_n all_o italy_n afflict_v and_o all_o its_o city_n destroy_v rome_n burn_v the_o capitol_n by_o its_o own_o inhabitant_n demolish_v the_o ancient_a temple_n desolate_a religious_a ceremony_n profane_v and_o the_o whole_a city_n full_a of_o adultery_n the_o sea_n cover_v with_o exile_n and_o the_o rock_n with_o blood_n infinite_a cruelty_n and_o barbarisâ—â—s_n commit_v daily_o in_o the_o city_n and_o nobility_n riches_n honour_n and_o especial_o virtue_n grow_v to_o be_v capital_a offence_n informer_n and_o calumniator_n will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v reward_v servant_n instigate_v against_o their_o master_n child_n against_o their_o parent_n and_o those_o few_o who_o be_v so_o unhappy_a as_o to_o have_v no_o enemy_n to_o be_v destroy_v by_o their_o friend_n then_o it_o will_v appear_v what_o mighty_a obligation_n rome_n and_o italy_n and_o the_o whole_a world_n have_v to_o caesar_n and_o doubtless_o if_o the_o prince_n be_v endue_v with_o the_o least_o spark_n of_o humanity_n or_o good_a nature_n he_o will_v detest_v the_o imitation_n of_o the_o bad_a and_o be_v inflame_v with_o a_o ardent_a propensity_n to_o the_o good_a all_o which_o thing_n
nevertheless_o when_o reason_n tell_v they_o their_o erterprise_n be_v practicable_a they_o go_v roundly_o about_o they_o though_o perhaps_o their_o auspex_n be_v averse_a but_o act_v with_o great_a nicety_n and_o cunning_a that_o it_o may_v not_o seem_v do_v in_o defiance_n of_o religion_n this_o be_v practise_v by_o papirius_n the_o consul_n before_o his_o battle_n with_o the_o samnite_n after_o which_o they_o never_o recover_v for_o be_v draw_v up_o with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o samnite_n with_o all_o visible_a advantage_n and_o be_v willing_a to_o fall_v on_o he_o command_v the_o pullarii_n to_o try_v their_o experiment_n the_o chicken_n refuse_v to_o peck_v be_v a_o great_a trouble_n to_o the_o chief_a of_o the_o pullarii_n who_o observe_v the_o great_a alacrity_n of_o the_o soldier_n and_o the_o great_a confidence_n of_o the_o general_n that_o a_o occasion_n therefore_o of_o so_o signal_n a_o victory_n may_v not_o be_v take_v from_o the_o army_n he_o return_v answer_v to_o the_o consul_n that_o the_o omen_n be_v good_a papirius_n put_v his_o man_n immediate_o into_o battalion_n and_o advance_v against_o the_o enemy_n but_o some_o of_o the_o pullarii_n have_v tell_v it_o up_o and_o down_o among_o the_o soldier_n that_o the_o pullet_n do_v not_o eat_v it_o come_v to_o the_o ear_n of_o spurius_n papirius_n nephew_n to_o the_o consul_n who_o in_o great_a haste_n advertise_v his_o uncle_n receive_v this_o answer_n spurius_n be_v you_o diligent_a and_o observe_v your_o order_n to_o myself_o and_o my_o army_n the_o auspicia_fw-la be_v good_a if_o the_o pullarius_n have_v tell_v i_o false_a the_o misfortune_n will_v be_v to_o he_o and_o that_o the_o event_n night_n correspond_v to_o his_o prognostic_n he_o command_v the_o pullarii_n to_o be_v place_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o battle_n his_o command_n be_v execute_v it_o happen_v by_o accident_n as_o they_o be_v advance_v to_o the_o fight_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o pullaru_n be_v kill_v by_o a_o dart_n from_o one_o of_o the_o roman_a soldier_n which_o be_v tell_v to_o the_o consul_n now_o say_v he_o all_o will_v be_v well_o the_o god_n be_v appease_v and_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o author_n have_v atone_v for_o his_o lie_n and_o so_o by_o a_o discreet_a accommodation_n of_o his_o design_n to_o the_o auspex_n he_o go_v on_o to_o the_o combat_n his_o army_n take_v no_o notice_n that_o he_o have_v violate_v their_o religion_n have_v appius_n pulcher_n be_v so_o ingenious_a in_o sicily_n in_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n it_o have_v fare_v better_a with_o he_o when_o he_o come_v home_o but_o be_v to_o fight_v the_o carthaginian_a army_n he_o consult_v the_o pullarii_n who_o inform_v he_o that_o the_o pullen_n will_v not_o eat_v we_o will_v see_v then_o say_v he_o if_o they_o will_v drink_v and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v throw_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o come_v afterward_o to_o a_o engagement_n his_o army_n be_v defeat_v himself_o condemn_v at_o his_o return_n and_o papirius_n advance_v not_o so_o much_o because_o one_o have_v prevail_v and_o the_o the_o other_o be_v beat_v as_o because_o one_o have_v prudent_o evade_v the_o omen_n and_o the_o other_o rash_o defy_v it_o and_o these_o augury_n be_v invent_v for_o no_o other_o end_n but_o that_o the_o soldier_n may_v go_v to_o the_o fight_n with_o more_o confidence_n and_o alacrity_n for_o their_o alacrity_n be_v observe_v to_o contribute_v much_o to_o their_o success_n and_o this_o practice_n be_v so_o fortunate_a to_o the_o roman_n that_o foreign_a government_n begin_v to_o make_v use_n of_o it_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v by_o one_o example_n in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n xv._n how_o the_o samnite_n in_o the_o extremity_n of_o their_o affair_n as_o their_o last_o refuge_n have_v recourse_n to_o religion_n the_o samnite_n have_v long_a war_n with_o the_o roman_n fight_v several_a battle_n with_o they_o and_o in_o the_o last_o fight_n in_o tuscany_n be_v so_o utter_o break_v that_o their_o army_n be_v destroy_v their_o chief_a officer_n slay_v and_o the_o tuscan_n gaul_n and_o umbri_n their_o ally_n uncapable_a of_o give_v they_o any_o further_a assistance_n so_o that_o livy_n tell_v we_o nec_fw-la suis_fw-la nec_fw-la externis_fw-la viribus_fw-la jam_fw-la stare_v poterant_fw-la tamen_fw-la bello_fw-la non_fw-la abstinebant_fw-la adeo_fw-la ne_fw-la infeliciter_fw-la quidem_fw-la defensae_fw-la libertatis_fw-la taoedebat_fw-la &_o vinci_fw-la quam_fw-la non_fw-la tent_n be_v victoriam_fw-la malebant_fw-la that_o though_o they_o be_v reduce_v to_o such_o a_o condition_n that_o they_o can_v neither_o support_v themselves_o by_o their_o own_o strength_n nor_o the_o supply_n of_o their_o friend_n yet_o they_o continue_v the_o war_n so_o that_o the_o unhappiness_n of_o their_o defence_n can_v not_o discourage_v they_o but_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o be_v conquer_v than_o not_o to_o try_v for_o the_o victory_n hereupon_o know_v that_o no_o victory_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v where_o the_o soldier_n be_v diffident_a and_o that_o nothing_o enhanse_v they_o like_o a_o religious_a opinion_n as_o their_o last_o effort_n they_o conclude_v by_o the_o ministry_n of_o ovius_n paccius_n their_o priest_n to_o revive_v a_o old_a ceremony_n which_o they_o do_v in_o this_o manner_n altar_n be_v erect_v and_o solemn_a sacrifice_n make_v betwixt_o the_o flame_a altar_n and_o the_o bone_n of_o the_o victim_n the_o officer_n have_v first_o swear_v never_o upon_o any_o distress_n whatsoever_o to_o abandon_v the_o fight_n the_o soldier_n be_v call_v over_o one_o by_o one_o and_o in_o the_o same_o place_n before_o several_a centurion_n with_o their_o naked_a sword_n in_o their_o hand_n appoint_v to_o that_o purpose_n require_v to_o swear_v first_o that_o they_o will_v not_o deride_v any_o thing_n that_o they_o shall_v either_o hear_v or_o see_v after_o which_o with_o execrable_a word_n and_o verse_n full_a of_o horror_n they_o cause_v they_o to_o take_v their_o oath_n to_o be_v ready_a at_o the_o command_n of_o their_o general_n never_o to_o fly_v and_o to_o kill_v any_o of_o their_o fellow_n that_o offer_v to_o turn_v his_o back_n and_o if_o ever_o they_o break_v they_o they_o imprecate_v a_o judgement_n upon_o themselves_o and_o their_o race_n some_o of_o they_o be_v scrupulous_a and_o unwilling_a to_o swear_v be_v kill_v upon_o the_o place_n which_o strike_v such_o terror_n into_o the_o rest_n that_o none_o of_o they_o refuse_v and_o that_o this_o ceremony_n may_v be_v perform_v with_o more_o magnificence_n there_o be_v 40000_o man_n in_o the_o field_n half_a of_o they_o be_v clothe_v in_o white_a with_o plume_n of_o feather_n upon_o their_o helmet_n in_o which_o posture_n they_o encamp_v not_o far_o from_o aquilonia_n papirius_n be_v send_v against_o they_o and_o in_o his_o speech_n to_o his_o soldier_n he_o have_v this_o expression_n non_fw-la enim_fw-la crist_n as_o vulnera_fw-la facere_fw-la &_o picta_fw-la at_z aurata_fw-la scuta_fw-la transire_fw-la romanum_fw-la pilum_fw-la for_o their_o feather_n make_v no_o wound_n nor_o can_v the_o paint_v or_o glitter_a of_o their_o shield_n protect_v they_o against_o the_o dart_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o take_v off_o the_o opinion_n from_o his_o soldier_n that_o the_o solemnity_n and_o nature_n of_o their_o oath_n may_v make_v the_o enemy_n desperate_a he_o tell_v they_o that_o that_o will_v be_v rather_o a_o terror_n than_o a_o encouragement_n to_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o consider_v that_o by_o their_o own_o folly_n they_o have_v bring_v themselves_o in_o danger_n of_o the_o god_n the_o roman_n and_o their_o comerade_n in_o short_a the_o samnite_n wear_v beat_v the_o roman_a virtue_n and_o the_o memory_n of_o their_o own_o frequent_a misfortune_n prevail_v against_o all_o the_o force_a courage_n which_o either_o their_o oath_n or_o their_o religion_n can_v give_v they_o nevertheless_o their_o sense_n of_o it_o be_v visible_a see_v they_o make_v use_v of_o it_o as_o their_o last_o remedy_n when_o they_o have_v no_o other_o hope_n to_o recover_v their_o spirit_n this_o may_v possible_o have_v be_v better_o bring_v in_o among_o my_o foreign_a discourse_n but_o depend_v upon_o one_o of_o the_o ancient_a and_o most_o important_a ceremony_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n lest_o i_o shall_v divide_v my_o matter_n and_o give_v too_o much_o occasion_n to_o look_v back_o i_o think_v it_o not_o improper_a to_o insert_v it_o in_o this_o place_n chap._n xvi_o a_o people_n accustom_v to_o the_o dominion_n of_o a_o prince_n though_o by_o accident_n they_o may_v acquire_v their_o liberty_n yet_o it_o be_v with_o great_a difficulty_n if_o they_o maintain_v it_o if_o the_o record_n of_o ancient_a history_n will_v serve_v our_o turn_n it_o be_v manifest_a by_o many_o example_n that_o a_o people_n bear_v and_o breed_v up_o in_o subjection_n to_o a_o prince_n can_v without_o great_a difficulty_n preserve_v its_o liberty_n if_o by_o any_o accident_n it_o attain_v
but_o in_o the_o carelessness_n or_o defect_n of_o the_o magistrate_n of_o which_o we_o have_v a_o fresh_a and_o memorable_a example_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o body_n ignorant_a that_o of_o late_a year_n the_o english_a invade_v france_n and_o entertain_v no_o soldier_n but_o their_o own_o and_o yet_o though_o england_n have_v have_v no_o war_n of_o thirty_o year_n before_o and_o have_v neither_o officer_n nor_o soldier_n who_o have_v ever_o see_v a_o battle_n they_o venture_v to_o attack_v a_o kingdom_n where_o the_o officer_n be_v excellent_a the_o soldier_n very_o good_a have_v be_v train_v up_o for_o several_a year_n together_o in_o the_o italian_a war_n this_o proceed_v from_o the_o prudence_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o excellence_n of_o that_o government_n in_o which_o though_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n the_o exercise_n of_o arm_n be_v not_o intermit_v pelopidas_n and_o epaminondas_n have_v relieve_v thebes_n and_o rescue_v it_o from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o spartan_n find_v themselves_o in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o servile_a and_o effeminate_a people_n they_o so_o order_v it_o by_o their_o virtue_n and_o discipline_n that_o they_o bring_v they_o to_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n take_v the_o field_n with_o they_o against_o the_o spartan_n and_o overthrow_v they_o from_o whence_o that_o historian_n infer_v that_o there_o be_v soldier_n not_o only_o in_o lacedaemon_n but_o wherever_o there_o be_v man_n if_o there_o be_v any_o body_n to_o exercise_n and_o train_v they_o which_o tullus_n perform_v most_o exquisite_o among_o the_o roman_n and_o be_v most_o excellent_o express_v by_o virgil_n in_o these_o word_n desidesque_fw-la movebit_fw-la tullus_n in_fw-la arma_fw-la viros_fw-la no_o soft_a unactive_a people_n tullus_n know_v but_o train_v up_o all_o promiscuous_o to_o blow_n chap._n xxii_o what_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v from_o the_o combat_n betwixt_o the_o three_o roman_a horatij_n and_o the_o three_o alban_n curiatij_n by_o article_n betwixt_o tullus_n king_n of_o rome_n and_o metius_n king_n of_o alba_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o whichsoever_o of_o the_o two_o side_n shall_v overcome_v that_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o other_o the_o curiatij_n be_v all_o kill_v but_o one_o of_o the_o horatij_n be_v leave_v metius_n and_o his_o alban_n fall_v into_o subjection_n to_o the_o roman_n horatius_n return_v in_o great_a triumph_n into_o the_o city_n and_o meet_v a_o sister_n of_o his_o who_o be_v marry_v to_o one_o of_o the_o curiatij_n lament_v the_o loss_n of_o her_o husband_n in_o a_o great_a passion_n he_o kill_v she_o for_o which_o inhumanity_n be_v bring_v to_o his_o trial_n he_o be_v after_o many_o argument_n discharge_v but_o more_o upon_o his_o father_n intercession_n than_o his_o own_o merit_n in_o which_o accident_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n considerable_a that_o we_o be_v never_o to_o venture_v our_o whole_a fortune_n upon_o the_o success_n of_o a_o party_n another_o be_v that_o offence_n and_o desert_n be_v not_o equal_o reward_v a_o well-ordered_a city_n the_o three_o that_o no_o compact_n be_v well_o make_v where_o the_o performance_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v suspect_v for_o to_o become_v servile_a and_o in_o subjection_n to_o another_o city_n be_v a_o thing_n of_o such_o moment_n and_o importance_n that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v believe_v that_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n whatsoever_o shall_v be_v content_a that_o their_o liberty_n shall_v be_v expose_v to_o the_o success_n or_o courage_n of_o three_o of_o their_o citizen_n and_o this_o be_v evident_a in_o metius_n for_o though_o upon_o the_o victory_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o seem_v to_o acquiesce_v and_o promise_a obedience_n as_o by_o article_n be_v agree_v yet_o in_o the_o first_o expedition_n the_o roman_n undertake_v against_o the_o veientes_n it_o be_v manifest_a he_o will_v have_v deceive_v tullus_n as_o one_o who_o repent_v of_o the_o covenant_n which_o he_o have_v make_v but_o because_o of_o the_o three_o we_o have_v speak_v large_o already_o in_o the_o next_o two_o chapter_n we_o shall_v speak_v only_o of_o the_o other_o two_o chap._n xxiii_o that_o our_o whole_a fortune_n be_v not_o to_o be_v venture_v upon_o part_n of_o our_o force_n and_o that_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o keep_n of_o pass_n be_v many_o time_n dangerous_a it_o be_v never_o think_v discretion_n to_o put_v your_o whole_a fortune_n in_o danger_n unless_o your_o whole_a force_n be_v ready_a to_o defend_v it_o this_o error_n be_v commit_v several_a way_n one_o be_v when_o like_o tullus_n and_o metius_n they_o commit_v the_o fortune_n and_o virtue_n of_o so_o many_o man_n as_o either_o of_o they_o have_v in_o their_o army_n to_o the_o fortune_n and_o virtue_n of_o three_o particular_a person_n which_o be_v but_o a_o pitiful_a part_n of_o either_o of_o their_o strength_n not_o consider_v how_o by_o that_o agreement_n all_o the_o pain_n which_o their_o predecessor_n have_v take_v to_o establish_v their_o liberty_n and_o enable_v their_o fellow_n citizen_n to_o defend_v it_o be_v render_v vain_a and_o ineffectual_a by_o put_v it_o into_o the_o power_n of_o three_o person_n to_o destroy_v it_o than_o which_o in_o my_o judgement_n those_o two_o king_n can_v not_o have_v do_v worse_a another_o great_a error_n be_v when_o upon_o the_o approach_n of_o a_o enemy_n we_o trust_v all_o to_o the_o keep_n of_o a_o avenue_n or_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o pass_n unless_o it_o may_v be_v do_v with_o our_o whole_a force_n in_o that_o case_n indeed_o the_o resolution_n be_v good_a but_o if_o the_o passage_n be_v narrow_a and_o not_o room_n enough_o for_o your_o whole_a power_n it_o be_v uncertain_a and_o dangerous_a and_o that_o which_o persuade_v i_o to_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n be_v the_o example_n of_o such_o as_o have_v be_v invade_v by_o a_o potent_a enemy_n though_o their_o country_n be_v environ_v with_o mountain_n and_o rock_n yet_o they_o will_v not_o attend_v and_o engage_v the_o enemy_n upon_o the_o pass_v or_o mountain_n but_o march_v out_o of_o their_o hold_n to_o encounter_v he_o or_o else_o which_o be_v as_o bad_a they_o forsake_v their_o advantage_n and_o expect_v he_o in_o some_o plain_a or_o convenient_a place_n within_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v as_o aforesaid_a because_o many_o man_n can_v be_v bring_v to_o defend_v such_o place_n as_o be_v rocky_a for_o want_v of_o subsistence_n and_o the_o passage_n be_v straight_o it_o can_v receive_v but_o few_o people_n and_o by_o consequence_n be_v not_o able_a to_o sustain_v the_o insult_n of_o a_o very_a great_a army_n and_o the_o enemy_n may_v bring_v as_o may_v as_o he_o please_v to_o attack_v it_o because_o his_o business_n be_v not_o to_o fix_v there_o but_o to_o pass_v through_o and_o be_v go_v whereas_o he_o who_o be_v to_o defend_v it_o can_v be_v in_o any_o considerable_a body_n be_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o enemy_n approach_n to_o lie_v there_o continual_o though_o as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o place_n be_v both_o barren_a and_o straight_o have_v lose_v therefore_o that_o pass_n which_o you_o imagine_v to_o keep_v and_o upon_o which_o your_o army_n and_o people_n do_v whole_o rely_v the_o remainder_n of_o your_o army_n and_o subject_n be_v possess_v with_o such_o a_o fear_n that_o you_o can_v have_v no_o far_o trial_n of_o their_o courage_n but_o all_o go_v to_o wrack_n and_o your_o whole_a fortune_n lose_v but_o with_o part_n of_o your_o army_n with_o what_o difficulty_n hannibal_n pass_v the_o alps_o betwixt_o france_n and_o lombardy_n and_o betwixt_o lombardy_n and_o tuscany_n there_o be_v no_o body_n ignorant_a nevertheless_o the_o roman_n choose_v rather_o to_o attend_v he_o upon_o the_o tesin_n and_o afterward_o in_o the_o plain_a of_o arezzo_n where_o the_o danger_n be_v equal_a both_o to_o the_o enemy_n and_o they_o than_o to_o carry_v their_o army_n up_o into_o the_o cloud_n upon_o the_o rock_n and_o the_o snow_n to_o be_v consume_v by_o the_o incommodity_n of_o the_o place_n before_o the_o enemy_n come_v at_o they_o and_o whosoever_o shall_v read_v history_n deliberate_o shall_v find_v few_o great_a captain_n that_o will_v coop_v themselves_o up_o in_o such_o pass_n and_o straits_n not_o only_o for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a but_o because_o all_o of_o they_o can_v be_v stop_v the_o mountain_n in_o that_o respect_n be_v like_o the_o field_n have_v not_o only_o their_o road_n and_o highway_n but_o by-path_n and_o passage_n which_o though_o not_o observe_v by_o stranger_n be_v well_o enough_o know_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n who_o will_v be_v always_o ready_a to_o conduct_v the_o enemy_n to_o remove_v they_o far_o off_o who_o lie_v constant_o upon_o they_o of_o this_o a_o late_a example_n may_v be_v bring_v in_o the_o year_n 1515_o when_o francis_n king_n of_o france_n design_v to_o pass_v into_o italy_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o
of_o the_o nobility_n for_o most_o of_o they_o have_v more_o land_n than_o be_v allow_v by_o this_o law_n their_o fortune_n by_o it_o be_v to_o be_v confiscate_v and_o half_a of_o they_o take_v away_o and_o then_o by_o the_o distribution_n of_o what_o they_o shall_v take_v from_o the_o enemy_n they_o shall_v lose_v all_o opportunity_n of_o enrich_v themselves_o for_o the_o future_a which_o be_v certain_o true_a and_o this_o law_n so_o perfect_o pernicious_a to_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o nobility_n it_o be_v never_o mention_v by_o the_o tribune_n but_o the_o patricii_fw-la oppose_v it_o and_o with_o all_o the_o eagerness_n imaginable_a yet_o not_o always_o by_o force_n but_o sometime_o by_o evasion_n either_o command_v out_o their_o army_n upon_o some_o pretend_a design_n or_o by_o set_v up_o another_o tribune_n in_o opposition_n to_o he_o who_o propose_v the_o law_n that_o thereby_o they_o may_v dissolve_v it_o or_o else_o by_o send_v new_a colony_n and_o so_o it_o happen_v when_o the_o colony_n be_v send_v to_o antium_n at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o difference_n be_v so_o high_a betwixt_o the_o patricii_fw-la and_o the_o agrarians_n that_o no_o other_o expedient_a can_v be_v find_v to_o keep_v they_o from_o blood_n livy_n tell_v we_o that_o there_o be_v very_o few_o that_o will_v listen_v themselves_o upon_o that_o account_n to_o fill_v up_o the_o number_n of_o that_o colony_n so_o much_o more_o do_v the_o people_n prefer_v a_o alotment_n about_o rome_n than_o in_o any_o other_o place_n but_o afterward_o the_o quarrel_n grow_v high_a and_o to_o appease_v their_o sedition_n the_o roman_n be_v glad_a to_o send_v their_o army_n sometime_o to_o the_o extreme_a part_n of_o italy_n and_o sometime_o beyond_o they_o but_o afterward_o it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o land_n which_o they_o take_v from_o the_o enemy_n be_v remote_a at_o great_a distance_n from_o rome_n and_o not_o to_o be_v cultivate_v with_o any_o convenience_n the_o people_n grow_v weary_a and_o insist_v not_o so_o fierce_o on_o their_o agrarian_a law_n they_o begin_v also_o to_o be_v more_o moderate_a in_o those_o kind_n of_o confiscation_n but_o when_o any_o country_n be_v seize_v they_o send_v colony_n to_o plant_v they_o with_o these_o art_n they_o skin_v over_o their_o animosity_n till_o the_o time_n of_o the_o gracchi_n who_o revive_v they_o again_o give_v occasion_n to_o the_o ruin_n of_o their_o government_n for_o the_o nobility_n have_v increase_v their_o strength_n the_o quarrel_n advance_v so_o far_o that_o they_o come_v to_o blow_n and_o the_o magistrate_n be_v unable_a to_o restrain_v they_o thâ—_n fury_n of_o the_o faction_n increase_a each_o party_n begin_v to_o look_v out_o for_o a_o head_n the_o people_n choose_v marius_n and_o make_v he_o four_o time_n consul_n with_o some_o little_a interval_n which_o authority_n he_o manage_v so_o well_o to_o his_o own_o advantage_n that_o by_o the_o power_n and_o interest_n which_o he_o have_v get_v in_o that_o time_n he_o make_v himself_o thrice_o consul_n afterward_o the_o nobility_n have_v no_o other_o remedy_n against_o so_o grow_v a_o plague_n apply_v themselves_o to_o sylla_n and_o have_v make_v he_o their_o chief_a they_o fall_v to_o down_o right_a war_n which_o be_v carry_v on_o with_o much_o blood_n and_o variety_n of_o fortune_n till_o at_o last_o the_o nobility_n prevail_v the_o same_o faction_n revive_v again_o in_o the_o day_n of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n and_o be_v attend_v by_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o state_n for_o caesar_n espouse_v the_o marian_n party_n and_o pompey_n the_o syllan_n caesar_n overcome_v and_o be_v the_o first_o that_o set_v up_o a_o tyranny_n in_o rome_n after_o who_o time_n that_o city_n can_v never_o recover_v its_o liberty_n this_o be_v the_o beginning_n and_o this_o be_v the_o end_n of_o the_o agrarian_a law_n which_o may_v seem_v to_o contradict_v what_o we_o have_v say_v elsewhere_o that_o the_o discord_n and_o enmity_n betwixt_o the_o people_n and_o senate_n of_o rome_n conduce_v to_o the_o enlargement_n of_o their_o empire_n and_o the_o conservation_n of_o their_o liberty_n by_o give_v opportunity_n for_o the_o make_n of_o such_o law_n as_o be_v great_a corroboration_n to_o their_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n but_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o agrarian_a law_n do_v not_o hinder_v but_o that_o what_o we_o have_v say_v may_v be_v true_a for_o so_o great_a be_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o nobility_n that_o have_v it_o not_o be_v curb_v and_o check_v several_a way_n it_o will_v have_v usurp_v upon_o the_o city_n and_o get_v the_o whole_a power_n into_o its_o hand_n and_o if_o we_o observe_v that_o the_o agrarian_a dispute_n be_v three_o hundred_o year_n together_o in_o rome_n before_o it_o can_v subvert_v it_o we_o may_v easy_o imagine_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o patricii_fw-la will_v have_v do_v it_o much_o soon_o have_v it_o not_o be_v balance_v and_o depress_v by_o the_o people_n with_o their_o agrarian_a law_n and_o some_o other_o invention_n from_o whence_o likewise_o we_o may_v observe_v that_o wealth_n be_v more_o estimable_a among_o man_n than_o honour_n for_o when_o the_o patricii_fw-la be_v in_o controversy_n with_o the_o people_n about_o title_n and_o honour_n they_o never_o go_v so_o high_a as_o to_o give_v they_o any_o extraordinary_a disgust_n but_o when_o their_o estate_n and_o fortune_n be_v at_o stake_n they_o defend_v they_o with_o such_o zeal_n that_o they_o choose_v rather_o to_o put_v the_o whole_a commonwealth_n into_o a_o flame_n than_o to_o part_v with_o they_o quick_o the_o great_a author_n of_o that_o conflagration_n be_v the_o gracchi_n who_o good_a will_n and_o intention_n towards_o the_o people_n be_v much_o more_o to_o be_v commend_v than_o their_o wisdom_n for_o to_o remove_v a_o inveterated_a inconvenience_n and_o to_o that_o purpose_n to_o make_v a_o law_n with_o too_o much_o retrospection_n be_v ill_a counsel_n as_o i_o say_v before_o and_o hasten_v that_o ruin_n which_o it_o be_v design_v to_o prevent_v but_o with_o patience_n and_o compliance_n the_o mischief_n be_v either_o delay_v or_o spend_v itself_o in_o time_n before_o it_o do_v any_o great_a hurt_n chap._n xxxviii_o weak_a commonwealth_n be_v general_o irresolute_a and_o ill_o advise_v take_v their_o measure_n more_o from_o necessity_n than_o election_n the_o volsci_n and_o the_o equi_fw-la understanding_n that_o rome_n be_v sad_o visit_v with_o a_o contagion_n conclude_v it_o a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o conquer_v it_o and_o have_v betwixt_o they_o raise_v a_o powerful_a army_n they_o invade_v the_o latini_n and_o hernici_n overran_a most_o of_o their_o country_n and_o force_v they_o to_o send_v to_o rome_n for_o assistance_n the_o roman_n return_v answer_v that_o they_o shall_v put_v themselves_o in_o arm_n and_o make_v as_o good_a defence_n as_o they_o can_v for_o the_o sickness_n be_v so_o rage_v they_o can_v give_v they_o no_o relief_n which_o show_v the_o generosity_n and_o wisdom_n of_o that_o senate_n that_o in_o all_o condition_n and_o under_o the_o great_a of_o their_o calamity_n never_o recede_v from_o its_o majesty_n and_o grandeur_n but_o at_o all_o time_n will_v have_v the_o disposal_n of_o the_o affair_n of_o its_o subject_n and_o when_o necessity_n require_v make_v no_o scruple_n to_o command_v thing_n contrary_a to_o their_o old_a way_n of_o proceed_v this_o i_o say_v because_o former_o the_o senate_n have_v forbid_v they_o to_o arm_n upon_o any_o occasion_n whatever_o and_o perhaps_o another_o council_n will_v have_v think_v it_o derogatory_n to_o their_o grandeur_n to_o permit_v they_o to_o defend_v themselves_o but_o this_o senate_n be_v endue_v with_o admirable_a prudence_n understand_v how_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v take_v and_o reject_v and_o of_o two_o evil_n how_o to_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o least_o it_o trouble_v they_o much_o that_o they_o be_v not_o in_o condition_n to_o protect_v they_o and_o it_o trouble_v they_o no_o less_o that_o they_o will_v be_v force_v to_o defend_v themselves_o upon_o their_o own_o score_n without_o succour_n from_o rome_n yet_o find_v there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o it_o the_o enemy_n be_v at_o their_o gate_n and_o threaten_v they_o with_o death_n they_o retain_v their_o authority_n and_o with_o great_a gravity_n send_v they_o word_n to_o defend_v themselves_o and_o raise_v what_o force_n they_o can_v this_o may_v seem_v but_o a_o common_a resolution_n and_o what_o any_o other_o commonwealth_n will_v have_v take_v as_o well_o as_o that_o but_o weak_a and_o ill_o order_v commonwealth_n can_v come_v off_o with_o so_o much_o honour_n duke_n valentine_n have_v take_v faenza_n and_o overrun_v most_o part_n of_o bologna_n demand_v passage_n of_o the_o florentine_n to_o march_v his_o army_n to_o rome_n the_o florentine_a council_n meet_v and_o consult_v and_o there_o be_v not_o one_o man_n who_o think_v it_o convenient_a to_o
extraction_n and_o bring_v up_o with_o all_o possible_a advantage_n suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v corrupt_v by_o their_o preferment_n become_v favourer_n of_o tyranny_n and_o perfer_v their_o own_o licentiousness_n before_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o country_n quintus_fw-la fabius_n do_v the_o same_o who_o though_o a_o excellent_a person_n at_o first_o and_o one_o of_o the_o decem-viri_a of_o the_o second_o creation_n blind_v with_o ambition_n and_o enveigle_v by_o the_o cunning_a of_o appius_n change_v his_o good_a humour_n into_o bad_a and_o grow_v as_o intolerable_a as_o he_o which_o thing_n if_o serious_o consider_v shall_v make_v all_o legislator_n either_o in_o commonwealth_n or_o kingdom_n the_o more_o careful_a and_o diligent_a to_o restrain_v the_o ambition_n of_o mankind_n and_o take_v from_o they_o all_o hope_n of_o impunity_n when_o they_o offend_v in_o that_o kind_n chap._n xliii_o those_o soldier_n which_o fight_v for_o their_o own_o honour_n be_v the_o best_a and_o most_o to_o be_v trust_v from_o the_o same_o history_n it_o may_v be_v observe_v how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o prosperity_n or_o adversity_n of_o affair_n to_o have_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o soldier_n quiet_a and_o ready_a to_o engage_v upon_o a_o principle_n of_o honour_n rather_o than_o to_o have_v they_o turbulent_a and_o dispose_v to_o fight_v upon_o every_o man_n ambition_n for_o whereas_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v always_o victorious_a under_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o consul_n under_o the_o decem-viri_a they_o be_v always_o unfortunate_a from_o hence_o likewise_o it_o may_v be_v collect_v how_o unsafe_a it_o be_v to_o commit_v the_o defence_n of_o our_o affair_n to_o a_o mercenary_a army_n who_o have_v nothing_o to_o encourage_v or_o oblige_v they_o but_o their_o pitiful_a pay_n which_o be_v not_o considerable_a enough_o to_o make_v they_o so_o faithful_a as_o to_o lay_v down_o their_o life_n in_o your_o quarrel_n for_o in_o a_o army_n where_o the_o soldier_n be_v not_o bind_v to_o the_o person_n for_o who_o he_o fight_v by_o some_o particular_a obligation_n or_o the_o expectation_n of_o more_o than_o ordinary_a advantage_n by_o the_o victory_n if_o the_o enemy_n be_v strong_a they_o will_v make_v but_o little_a resistance_n and_o this_o kindness_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o soldier_n to_o the_o general_n can_v be_v but_o where_o they_o be_v subject_n fight_v under_o a_o good_a prince_n or_o a_o lawful_a magistrate_n in_o defence_n of_o their_o posterity_n and_o religion_n so_o that_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o every_o king_n or_o commonwealth_n who_o desire_v to_o defend_v himself_o well_o to_o train_v up_o his_o own_o subject_n in_o military_a discipline_n that_o he_o may_v safe_o depend_v upon_o they_o in_o time_n of_o distress_n and_o it_o have_v be_v the_o practice_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v do_v any_o great_a thing_n the_o roman_a army_n under_o the_o decem-viri_a have_v doubtless_o the_o same_o courage_n as_o under_o the_o consul_n 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general_n be_v either_o force_v to_o fight_v or_o to_o fly_v in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v incomparable_o more_o safe_a to_o hazard_v all_o in_o a_o battle_n than_o to_o lose_v all_o in_o a_o flight_n which_o be_v so_o we_o see_v there_o be_v many_o cause_n that_o constrain_v a_o general_n to_o fight_v upon_o disadvantage_n among_o which_o if_o want_v of_o money_n be_v one_o there_o be_v no_o more_o reason_n we_o shall_v therefore_o call_v that_o the_o sinew_n of_o war_n than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n which_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n so_o that_o money_n be_v not_o so_o much_o the_o snew_n of_o war_n as_o good_a soldier_n it_o be_v true_a money_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o carry_v on_o of_o a_o war_n but_o not_o principal_o and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n for_o good_a soldier_n have_v many_o time_n be_v content_v without_o it_o though_o it_o be_v but_o seldom_o they_o want_v it_o for_o it_o be_v as_o impossible_a for_o good_a soldier_n to_o want_v money_n as_o it_o be_v for_o money_n alone_o to_o make_v good_a soldier_n and_o this_o be_v clear_a by_o the_o testimony_n of_o historian_n in_o a_o thousand_o place_n pericles_z persuade_v the_o athenian_n to_o a_o war_n with_o all_o peloponnesus_n and_o assure_v they_o of_o success_n upon_o consideration_n of_o their_o industry_n and_o riches_n the_o athenian_n undertake_v the_o war_n and_o for_o some_o time_n prosper_v with_o their_o industry_n but_o at_o last_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o conduct_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o spartan_n be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o athenian_n industry_n and_o treasure_n livy_n desides_fw-la this_o controversy_n the_o best_a of_o any_o man_n where_o in_o his_o comparison_n of_o commander_n inquire_v what_o will_v have_v be_v the_o event_n if_o alexander_n the_o great_a have_v turn_v his_o arm_n against_o the_o roman_n he_o declare_v that_o in_o war_n there_o be_v three_o thing_n fundamental_o necessary_a good_a soldier_n good_a officer_n and_o good_a fortune_n and_o then_o argue_v whether_o alexander_n or_o the_o roman_n be_v more_o considerable_a in_o those_o three_o point_n he_o conclude_v without_o the_o least_o mention_n of_o money_n it_o be_v not_o improbable_a but_o the_o campani_a of_o who_o we_o have_v speak_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n when_o they_o undertake_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o sidicin_n against_o the_o samnite_n measure_v their_o power_n more_o by_o their_o money_n than_o their_o man_n from_o whence_o it_o happen_v that_o '_o being_n defeat_v in_o two_o battle_n they_o be_v force_v to_o submit_v and_o become_v tributary_n to_o the_o roman_n chap._n xi_o it_o be_v not_o discretion_n to_o enter_v into_o strict_a amity_n with_o a_o prince_n who_o reputation_n be_v great_a than_o his_o strength_n the_o sidicin_n be_v in_o a_o great_a error_n to_o desire_v the_o assistance_n of_o the_o campani_a against_o the_o samnite_n as_o be_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o luxury_n unable_a to_o assist_v they_o but_o the_o error_n of_o the_o capuan_o be_v great_a in_o not_o know_v their_o own_o weakness_n and_o incapacity_n to_o defend_v they_o both_o their_o error_n livy_n have_v very_o well_o describe_v in_o these_o word_n campani_a magis_fw-la nomen_fw-la in_o auxilium_fw-la sidicinorum_fw-la quam_fw-la vires_fw-la ad_fw-la praesidium_fw-la attulerunt_fw-la the_o capuan_o make_v a_o great_a noise_n but_o they_o bring_v no_o force_n to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o sidicin_n and_o here_o it_o be_v not_o unseasonable_a to_o consider_v that_o the_o league_n which_o be_v make_v with_o prince_n who_o distance_n be_v too_o great_a or_o power_n too_o little_a to_o relieve_v one_o be_v more_o honourable_a than_o safe_a and_o give_v more_o reputation_n than_o security_n to_o the_o person_n that_o desire_v they_o this_o be_v experience_v by_o the_o florentine_n in_o the_o year_n 1489_o when_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o naples_n invade_v they_o for_o they_o be_v at_o that_o time_n confederate_a with_o the_o king_n of_o france_n yet_o they_o have_v more_o reputation_n than_o assistance_n thereby_o the_o same_o will_v happen_v likewise_o to_o such_o of_o the_o italian_a prince_n as_o shall_v confederate_a with_o maximilian_n the_o emperor_n and_o in_o confidence_n of_o his_o alliance_n undertake_v any_o great_a enterprise_n because_o that_o alliance_n will_v be_v one_o of_o those_o that_o bring_v more_o reputation_n than_o relief_n so_o then_o as_o it_o be_v a_o great_a error_n in_o the_o capuan_o when_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o defend_v themselves_o to_o undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o sidicin_n so_o it_o be_v and_o will_v be_v the_o same_o in_o whoever_o follow_v their_o example_n it_o be_v the_o same_o case_n with_o the_o tarentini_n who_o will_v needs_o interpose_v betwixt_o the_o samnite_n and_o the_o roman_n to_o mediate_v a_o peace_n for_o when_o both_o roman_n and_o samnite_n be_v in_o the_o field_n and_o their_o army_n prepare_v for_o a_o engagement_n the_o tarentini_n send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o consul_n to_o let_v he_o know_v from_o the_o senate_n of_o the_o tarentini_n that_o they_o will_v have_v peace_n betwixt_o they_o and_o the_o samnite_n and_o that_o they_o be_v resolve_v to_o take_v arm_n against_o they_o which_o refuse_v it_o but_o the_o consul_n smile_v at_o their_o imprudence_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o say_a ambassador_n cause_v a_o charge_n to_o be_v sound_v and_o immediate_o march_v his_o army_n against_o the_o enemy_n he_o let_v they_o see_v by_o his_o proceed_n what_o answer_v they_o deserve_v thus_o you_o have_v see_v to_o what_o error_n prince_n be_v subject_a who_o undertake_v the_o protection_n of_o other_o state_n i_o shall_v now_o in_o the_o next_o chapter_n remonstrate_v what_o way_n be_v most_o convenient_a for_o their_o own_o proper_a defence_n chap._n xii_o upon_o a_o apprehension_n of_o be_v invade_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o make_v war_n or_o expect_v it_o among_o wise_a man_n and_o very_o good_a soldier_n i_o have_v hear_v it_o often_o dispute_v whether_o when_o two_o prince_n be_v of_o equal_a strength_n and_o one_o of_o they_o design_v war_n visible_o against_o the_o other_o it_o be_v better_a for_o that_o prince_n which_o be_v like_a to_o be_v invade_v to_o sit_v still_o and_o expect_v he_o at_o home_n or_o to_o begin_v with_o he_o and_o make_v the_o first_o inroad_n himself_o there_o be_v argument_n on_o both_o side_n and_o they_o who_o think_v it_o best_o to_o be_v the_o aggressor_n and_o fall_v upon_o the_o enemy_n first_o may_v allege_v the_o counsel_n which_o croesus_n give_v to_o cyrus_n when_o be_v with_o his_o army_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o massageti_n thamyris_n queen_n of_o that_o country_n send_v to_o he_o to_o take_v his_o choice_n whether_o she_o shall_v fight_v he_o within_o her_o country_n or_o upon_o the_o frontier_n if_o he_o desire_v to_o advance_v she_o will_v stand_v still_o and_o expect_v he_o if_o he_o have_v rather_o fight_v where_o he_o be_v she_o will_v be_v with_o he_o immediate_o when_o it_o come_v to_o be_v debate_v in_o counsel_n croesus_n contrary_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o rest_n be_v for_o march_v to_o she_o and_o the_o reason_n he_o give_v be_v because_o if_o she_o shall_v be_v beat_v at_o any_o distance_n cyrus_n will_v get_v but_o little_a of_o her_o country_n for_o she_o will_v have_v time_n to_o recruit_v whereas_o if_o she_o be_v beat_v at_o home_n he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o sit_v so_o close_o upon_o her_o skirt_n that_o she_o be_v never_o capable_a of_o rally_v or_o bring_v another_o army_n into_o the_o field_n must_v of_o necessity_n lose_v her_o whole_a kingdom_n hannibal_n give_v the_o same_o counsel_n to_o antiochus_n assure_v he_o that_o if_o the_o roman_n be_v any_o way_n to_o be_v conquer_v it_o be_v by_o carry_v the_o war_n into_o italy_n for_o by_o so_o do_v he_o may_v have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o arm_n their_o wealth_n and_o their_o ally_n but_o whilst_o the_o war_n be_v abroad_o and_o italy_n undisturbed_a he_o will_v leave_v the_o man_n inexhaustible_a magazine_n that_o will_v supply_v they_o with_o what_o and_o wheresoever_o they_o have_v occasion_n and_o at_o last_o hannibal_n conclude_v that_o rome_n be_v to_o be_v take_v more_o easy_o than_o the_o empire_n and_o italy_n itself_o than_o any_o of_o its_o province_n agathocles_n be_v unable_a to_o resist_v the_o carthaginian_n at_o home_n invade_v their_o border_n and_o force_v they_o to_o a_o peace_n and_o scipio_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n to_o remove_v the_o war_n out_o of_o italy_n transport_v it_o into_o africa_n those_o who_o be_v on_o the_o other_o side_n do_v argue_v as_o stiff_o that_o there_o can_v be_v nothing_o more_o dangerous_a than_o to_o hazard_v a_o army_n in_o a_o enemy_n country_n at_o a_o great_a distance_n from_o their_o own_o and_o they_o produce_v the_o athenian_n for_o a_o instance_n who_o whilst_o
they_o keep_v themselves_o upon_o the_o defensive_a part_n and_o expect_v their_o enemy_n at_o home_n be_v always_o victorious_a but_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o make_v war_n at_o a_o distance_n and_o send_v army_n into_o sicily_n they_o lose_v their_o liberty_n and_o everything_o else_o they_o produce_v also_o the_o fable_n of_o antius_n king_n of_o lybia_n who_o be_v invade_v by_o hercules_n the_o egyptian_a be_v invincible_a whilst_o he_o keep_v himself_o within_o his_o own_o border_n but_o be_v inveigle_v out_o by_o the_o subtlety_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o lose_v both_o his_o kingdom_n and_o life_n upon_o which_o occasion_n that_o story_n be_v raise_v of_o antius_n that_o be_v bear_v of_o the_o earth_n as_o they_o pretend_v so_o oft_o as_o he_o touch_v it_o so_o oft_o he_o receive_v new_a vigour_n from_o his_o mother_n which_o hercules_n perceive_v get_v he_o up_o in_o his_o arm_n crush_v he_o to_o death_n they_o produce_v likewise_o more_o modern_a example_n every_o body_n know_v that_o ferrand_n king_n of_o naples_n be_v esteem_v a_o wise_a prince_n in_o his_o time_n and_o hear_v two_o year_n before_o his_o death_n that_o king_n charles_n viij_o of_o france_n be_v prepare_v to_o invade_v he_o he_o let_v he_o alone_o but_o fall_v sick_a afterward_o as_o he_o lie_v upon_o his_o deathbed_n he_o call_v his_o son_n alphonso_n to_o he_o and_o among_o other_o thing_n charge_v he_o that_o he_o shall_v expect_v the_o king_n of_o france_n upon_o his_o frontier_n and_o fight_v he_o there_o but_o that_o by_o no_o mean_n he_o shall_v be_v tempt_v beyond_o they_o and_o it_o have_v be_v better_a for_o alphonso_n to_o have_v follow_v his_o counsel_n for_o neglect_v it_o afterward_o and_o send_v a_o army_n into_o romagna_n he_o lose_v both_o army_n and_o kingdom_n without_o strike_v a_o blow_n but_o beside_o these_o argument_n on_o both_o side_n it_o be_v urge_v in_o behalf_n of_o the_o aggressor_n that_o he_o invade_v with_o more_o confidence_n and_o courage_n than_o his_o adversary_n receive_v he_o which_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n and_o enhancement_n to_o his_o army_n that_o he_o bring_v many_o inconvenience_n upon_o the_o person_n who_o he_o invade_v to_o which_o he_o will_v not_o be_v liable_a if_o he_o expect_v he_o at_o home_n for_o when_o the_o enemy_n country_n be_v waste_v and_o their_o house_n plunder_v his_o subject_n be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v trust_v nor_o can_v any_o more_o tax_n be_v lay_v upon_o they_o without_o great_a difficulty_n by_o which_o mean_v as_o hannibal_n say_v their_o magazine_n will_v be_v spend_v and_o their_o fountain_n dry_v up_o that_o be_v to_o supply_v they_o with_o all_o provision_n for_o war._n beside_o if_o your_o army_n be_v in_o the_o enemy_n country_n it_o will_v be_v under_o a_o great_a necessity_n of_o fight_v and_o by_o consequence_n will_v fight_v more_o desperate_o than_o at_o home_n but_o to_o this_o it_o be_v answer_v on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o it_o be_v more_o for_o your_o advantage_n to_o attend_v your_o enemy_n in_o your_o own_o country_n than_o to_o seek_v he_o abroad_o for_o thereby_o you_o may_v furnish_v yourself_o with_o victual_n and_o ammunition_n and_o all_o other_o necessary_n without_o any_o inconvenience_n and_o distress_n he_o by_o drive_v the_o country_n you_o may_v likewise_o with_o much_o more_o ease_n incommode_v and_o frustrate_v his_o design_n by_o your_o better_a knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n and_o what_o place_n be_v more_o proper_a to_o attack_v he_o in_o as_o also_o you_o may_v attack_v he_o with_o your_o whole_a force_n at_o once_o or_o give_v he_o battle_n as_o you_o please_v which_o out_o of_o your_o own_o confine_n be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v moreover_o if_o fortune_n shall_v be_v adverse_a and_o it_o be_v your_o chance_n to_o be_v beat_v more_o of_o your_o man_n will_v escape_v where_o their_o refuge_n be_v so_o near_o and_o you_o will_v soon_o rally_v they_o again_o in_o short_a if_o you_o fight_v at_o home_n you_o venture_v your_o whole_a force_n and_o not_o your_o whole_a fortune_n but_o if_o you_o fight_v abroad_o you_o venture_v your_o whole_a fortune_n with_o but_o part_n of_o your_o force_n other_o there_o have_v be_v who_o with_o design_n to_o weaken_v the_o enemy_n and_o fight_v he_o afterward_o with_o more_o ease_n and_o advantage_n have_v suffer_v he_o quiet_o to_o march_v several_a day_n journey_n into_o their_o country_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o several_a town_n but_o whether_o they_o do_v well_o or_o not_o i_o will_v not_o determine_v only_o i_o think_v this_o distinction_n be_v to_o be_v consider_v whether_o my_o country_n be_v strong_a in_o fortress_n and_o man_n as_o the_o roman_n be_v of_o old_a and_o as_o the_o swizzer_n at_o this_o day_n or_o whether_o it_o be_v weak_a and_o unfortified_a as_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n former_o and_o france_n and_o italy_n now_o in_o this_o case_n the_o enemy_n be_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o be_v keep_v at_o a_o distance_n because_o your_o chief_a strength_n lie_v in_o your_o money_n and_o not_o in_o your_o man_n whenever_o you_o be_v interrupt_v in_o raise_v or_o receive_v of_o that_o your_o business_n be_v do_v and_o nothing_o interrupt_v you_o so_o fatal_o as_o a_o enemy_n in_o your_o country_n and_o of_o this_o the_o carthaginian_n may_v be_v a_o example_n who_o whilst_o they_o be_v free_a at_o home_n be_v able_a by_o their_o revenue_n and_o tax_n to_o wage_v war_n with_o the_o roman_n themselves_o whereas_o afterward_o when_o they_o be_v assault_v they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o contend_v with_o agathocles_n the_o florentine_n when_o castruccio_n of_o lucca_n bring_v his_o arm_n into_o their_o country_n can_v not_o support_v against_o he_o but_o be_v force_v to_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o king_n of_o naples_n to_o procure_v his_o protection_n but_o castruccio_n be_v no_o soon_o dead_a but_o they_o be_v agog_o again_o and_o have_v the_o confidence_n to_o invade_v the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o to_o attempt_v the_o beat_v he_o out_o of_o that_o province_n so_o courageous_a be_v they_o in_o their_o foreign_a war_n and_o so_o abject_a at_o home_n but_o when_o country_n be_v in_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n and_o people_n martial_a and_o well_o discipline_v as_o the_o roman_n of_o old_a and_o the_o swizzer_n at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v better_a to_o keep_v off_o for_o the_o near_o they_o be_v to_o their_o own_o country_n they_o be_v the_o hard_a to_o overcome_v because_o they_o can_v raise_v more_o force_n to_o defend_v themselves_o than_o to_o invade_v another_o people_n nor_o do_v the_o opinion_n of_o hannibal_n affect_v i_o at_o all_o for_o though_o he_o persuade_v antiochus_n to_o pass_v into_o italy_n he_o do_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n that_o will_v have_v be_v more_o for_o his_o own_o and_o the_o carthaginian_a than_o for_o antiochus_n his_o advantage_n for_o have_v the_o roman_n receive_v those_o three_o great_a defeat_v which_o they_o receive_v of_o hannibal_n in_o italy_n in_o the_o same_o space_n of_o time_n in_o france_n or_o any_o where_o else_o they_o have_v be_v ruin_v irrecoverable_o for_o they_o can_v neither_o have_v rally_v nor_o recruit_v so_o soon_o i_o do_v not_o remember_v any_o foreign_a expedition_n by_o the_o roman_n for_o the_o conquest_n of_o any_o province_n in_o which_o their_o army_n exceed_v the_o number_n of_o 50000._o but_o upon_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o gaul_n after_o the_o first_o punic_a war_n they_o bring_v 118000_o man_n into_o the_o field_n for_o their_o defence_n nor_o can_v they_o beat_v they_o afterward_o in_o lombardy_n as_o they_o do_v at_o first_o in_o tuscany_n because_o it_o be_v more_o remote_a and_o they_o can_v not_o fight_v they_o with_o so_o much_o convenience_n nor_o with_o so_o many_o man_n the_o cimbri_n repulse_v the_o roman_n in_o germany_n but_o follow_v they_o into_o italy_n they_o be_v defeat_v and_o drive_v out_o again_o themselves_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o the_o roman_n can_v bring_v more_o force_n against_o they_o the_o swisser_n may_v without_o much_o difficulty_n be_v overpower_v abroad_o because_o they_o seldom_o march_v above_o 30_o or_o 40000_o strong_a but_o to_o attack_v and_o beat_v they_o at_o home_n be_v much_o more_o difficult_a where_o they_o can_v bring_v into_o the_o field_n 100000_o and_o more_o i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o that_o prince_n who_o people_n be_v in_o a_o posture_n and_o provide_v for_o war_n do_v wise_o if_o he_o expect_v a_o potent_a and_o dangerous_a enemy_n at_o home_n rather_o than_o to_o invade_v he_o in_o his_o own_o country_n but_o that_o prince_n who_o country_n be_v ill_o provide_v and_o who_o subject_n be_v ill_o discipline_v do_v better_a if_o he_o keep_v the_o war_n as_o far_o off_o as_o he_o can_v and_o by_o so_o do_v each_o of_o
whenever_o overlay_v by_o the_o horse_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o they_o be_v receive_v into_o their_o legion_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o way_n of_o make_v advantage_n of_o artillery_n in_o a_o field_n fight_v it_o be_v this_o he_o that_o use_v it_o otherwise_o understand_v not_o very_o well_o and_o put_v his_o confidence_n in_o that_o which_o may_v easy_o deceive_v he_o the_o turk_n indeed_o by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o great_a guns-obtained_n two_o or_o three_o victory_n against_o the_o sophy_n and_o the_o sultan_n but_o if_o produce_v more_o from_o the_o novelty_n of_o the_o noise_n and_o the_o terror_n it_o bring_v upon_o their_o horse_n than_o any_o great_a execution_n they_o do_v i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o artillery_n may_v be_v good_a in_o a_o army_n that_o be_v stout_a but_o where_o they_o be_v use_v in_o a_o army_n that_o be_v raw_a and_o inexperienced_a they_o be_v of_o little_a advantage_n if_o the_o enemy_n be_v either_o courageous_a or_o strong_a chap._n xviii_o how_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o universal_a discipline_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o foot_n be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o the_o horse_n by_o many_o argument_n and_o example_n it_o may_v be_v prove_v that_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o military_a exploit_n have_v great_a estimation_n for_o their_o infantry_n than_o their_o horse_n and_o how_o all_o their_o principal_a design_n be_v execute_v by_o their_o foot_n this_o appear_v in_o their_o war_n with_o the_o latin_n when_o the_o roman_a army_n be_v overpower_v and_o give_v ground_n in_o that_o great_a battle_n near_o the_o lake_n of_o regillum_n the_o roman_a general_n cause_v his_o cavalry_n to_o dismount_v and_o fight_v on_o foot_n and_o by_o so_o do_v they_o recover_v their_o ground_n and_o get_v the_o victory_n by_o which_o it_o be_v manifest_v the_o roman_n think_v they_o more_o serviceable_a on_o foot_n than_o on_o horseback_n and_o in_o that_o posture_n place_v more_o confidence_n in_o they_o the_o same_o thing_n they_o practise_v in_o many_o other_o fight_v and_o always_o with_o good_a success_n nor_o can_v the_o raillery_n of_o hannibal_n be_v object_v against_o this_o who_o when_o news_n be_v bring_v he_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o cannae_n that_o the_o consul_n have_v cause_v all_o their_o horse_n to_o dismount_v resolve_v to_o fight_v it_o out_o on_o foot_n cry_v out_o in_o derision_n quam_fw-la mallem_fw-la vinctos_fw-la mihi_fw-la traderent_fw-la equites_fw-la they_o may_v as_o will_v have_v bind_v they_o and_o deliver_v they_o to_o i_o which_o expression_n though_o come_v out_o of_o the_o mouth_n of_o a_o excellent_a person_n yet_o his_o single_a authority_n be_v not_o to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o balance_n against_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o whole_a roman_a commonwealth_n and_o the_o experience_n of_o so_o many_o brave_a captain_n as_o have_v be_v educate_v under_o it_o and_o if_o it_o be_v there_o be_v reason_n to_o defend_v it_o the_o foot_n can_v get_v into_o several_a place_n where_o the_o horse_n can_v get_v the_o foot_n keep_v their_o rank_n better_a than_o the_o horse_n and_o in_o any_o disorder_n be_v soon_o rally_v and_o in_o a_o posture_n again_o whereas_o the_o horse_n be_v more_o unmanageable_a and_o when_o once_o out_o of_o order_n with_o great_a difficulty_n to_o be_v rally_v beside_o as_o it_o be_v among_o man_n so_o it_o be_v among_o horse_n some_o be_v high_a spirit_v and_o courageous_a other_o be_v untoward_a and_o dull_a and_o it_o frequent_o happen_v that_o a_o mettle_a horse_n have_v a_o cowardly_a rider_n or_o a_o mettle_a rider_n a_o dull_a horse_n be_v it_o which_o it_o will_v the_o disparity_n be_v inconvenient_a a_o body_n of_o foot_n well_o order_v and_o draw_v up_o will_v easy_o be_v too_o hard_a for_o the_o same_o number_n of_o horse_n but_o the_o same_o number_n of_o horse_n will_v have_v hard_a service_n to_o break_v a_o body_n of_o foot_n if_o there_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o proportion_n betwixt_o they_o and_o this_o opinion_n be_v confirm_v not_o only_o by_o ancient_a and_o modern_a example_n but_o by_o the_o relation_n and_o constitution_n of_o legislator_n and_o whoever_o else_o have_v leave_v any_o rule_n and_o direction_n for_o the_o government_n of_o a_o army_n for_o though_o they_o tell_v we_o indeed_o that_o at_o first_o horse_n be_v in_o great_a reputation_n because_o the_o way_n of_o order_v of_o foot_n be_v not_o know_v but_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o way_n of_o manage_v they_o be_v find_v out_o and_o their_o usefulness_n be_v discover_v they_o be_v prefer_v to_o the_o horse_n not_o but_o that_o horse_n be_v very_o necessary_a in_o a_o army_n to_o scout_v abroad_o make_v incursion_n into_o the_o enemy_n country_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n when_o he_o run_v and_o confront_v their_o horse_n when_o they_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n yet_o the_o hope_n and_o strength_n of_o a_o army_n lie_v more_o especial_o in_o the_o foot_n and_o if_o any_o one_o error_n in_o the_o conduct_n of_o our_o italian_a prince_n have_v contribute_v to_o the_o enslave_v of_o their_o country_n it_o be_v their_o neglect_v to_o improve_v themselves_o in_o the_o management_n of_o foot_n and_o address_v themselves_o whole_o to_o the_o horse_n and_o this_o fault_n proceed_v from_o the_o malignity_n of_o the_o officer_n or_o the_o ignorance_n of_o those_o who_o govern_v the_o state_n for_o this_o last_o 25_o year_n the_o command_v of_o the_o italian_a militia_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o reformades_n and_o soldier_n of_o fortune_n who_o have_v no_o settle_a estate_n they_o make_v it_o their_o design_n to_o preserve_v their_o command_n by_o all_o possible_a mean_n though_o with_o never_o so_o much_o prejudice_n to_o their_o master_n and_o because_o a_o great_a body_n of_o foot_n be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v long_o pay_v nor_o will_v there_o always_o be_v occasion_n to_o use_v they_o and_o a_o little_a one_o will_v not_o turn_v to_o account_v they_o apply_v themselves_o whole_o to_o the_o discipline_n of_o horse_n for_o 200_o or_o 300_o horse_n be_v a_o fair_a command_n and_o maintain_v the_o officer_n in_o a_o good_a reputation_n nor_o be_v the_o charge_n so_o great_a but_o their_o governor_n can_v pay_v they_o for_o the_o better_a insurance_n therefore_o of_o their_o place_n they_o begin_v to_o undervalue_v and_o decry_v the_o foot_n service_n in_o such_o manner_n that_o by_o degree_n they_o be_v almost_o whole_o lay_v aside_o so_o that_o in_o the_o great_a of_o their_o army_n there_o be_v very_o few_o foot_n the_o unhappiness_n of_o which_o practice_n with_o other_o irregularity_n in_o our_o day_n have_v make_v the_o italian_a militia_n so_o weak_a it_o have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v itself_o against_o the_o insult_n and_o depredation_n of_o foreigner_n so_o then_o the_o foot_n be_v with_o more_o confidence_n to_o be_v rely_v upon_o than_o the_o horse_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o judgement_n of_o the_o roman_n appear_v by_o another_o example_n the_o roman_n be_v encamp_v before_o sora_n and_o a_o party_n of_o horse_n sally_v out_o of_o the_o town_n to_o beat_v they_o from_o some_o post_n be_v meet_v by_o a_o roman_a captain_n at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o troop_n who_o charge_v his_o adversary_n it_o be_v their_o fortune_n both_o of_o they_o to_o be_v slay_v however_o their_o troop_n continue_v the_o fight_n though_o their_o officer_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o roman_n to_o facilitate_v their_o victory_n dismount_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o fight_n and_o force_v the_o enemy_n to_o do_v the_o same_o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o defend_v themselves_o so_o that_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o fight_n be_v change_v the_o foot_n service_n be_v prefer_v and_o the_o samnite_n be_v rout_v nothing_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a that_o the_o foot_n be_v prefer_v than_o this_o case_n for_o though_o upon_o other_o occasion_n the_o consul_n many_o time_n dismount_v their_o troop_n yet_o it_o be_v to_o reinforce_v and_o bring_v off_o the_o foot_n that_o be_v overlay_v by_o the_o enemy_n but_o here_o they_o dismount_v not_o to_o relieve_v their_o own_o foot_n or_o to_o engage_v with_o the_o enemy_n but_o fight_v horse_n against_o horse_n and_o find_v their_o victory_n doubtful_a they_o think_v though_o they_o can_v not_o master_v they_o on_o horseback_n they_o may_v do_v it_o on_o foot_n and_o according_o they_o alight_v i_o conclude_v therefore_o that_o a_o body_n of_o well_o order_v foot_n be_v very_o hardly_o to_o be_v break_v but_o by_o another_o body_n of_o the_o same_o crassus_n and_o marcus_n antonius_n with_o a_o small_a body_n of_o horse_n but_o a_o good_a army_n of_o foot_n overrun_v and_o harrass_v the_o whole_a country_n of_o the_o parthian_n for_o several_a day_n together_o though_o the_o parthian_n have_v a_o vast_a army_n of_o horse_n to_o defend_v it_o crassus_n it_o be_v true_a
and_o retake_v and_o follow_v the_o fate_n of_o their_o city_n and_o that_o with_o no_o more_o difficulty_n or_o variety_n of_o fortune_n than_o when_o there_o be_v none_o at_o all_o as_o have_v be_v visible_a in_o lombardy_n romagna_n the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o all_o other_o quarter_n of_o italy_n and_o as_o to_o those_o citadel_n which_o be_v build_v in_o your_o new_a conquest_n to_o defend_v you_o from_o your_o enemy_n abroad_o they_o also_o be_v absolute_o unnecessary_a where_o you_o have_v a_o army_n in_o the_o field_n and_o where_o you_o have_v none_o they_o be_v of_o no_o use_n a_o good_a army_n without_o any_o such_o fort_n be_v sufficient_a to_o defend_v you_o and_o this_o have_v be_v find_v by_o experience_n by_o all_o those_o who_o have_v be_v think_v excellent_a in_o the_o art_n of_o war_n or_o of_o peace_n and_o particular_o by_o the_o roman_n and_o spartan_n the_o roman_n never_o erect_v any_o new_a castle_n and_o the_o spartan_n never_o suffer_v any_o old_a but_o what_o city_n soever_o they_o conquer_v down_o go_v their_o wall_n nay_o even_o in_o their_o own_o city_n they_o will_v not_o permit_v any_o fortification_n as_o believe_v nothing_o so_o proper_a to_o defend_v they_o as_o the_o virtue_n and_o courage_n of_o their_o citizen_n a_o spartan_a be_v demand_v by_o a_o athenian_a whether_o the_o wall_n of_o athens_n be_v not_o very_o beautiful_a yes_o say_v the_o spartan_a if_o it_o be_v but_o inhabit_v by_o woman_n a_o prince_n therefore_o who_o have_v a_o good_a army_n in_o the_o field_n may_v have_v some_o benefit_n by_o his_o castle_n if_o they_o be_v upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o his_o country_n or_o in_o some_o place_n upon_o the_o coast_n where_o they_o may_v â—etard_v and_o entertain_v a_o enemy_n for_o some_o time_n till_o the_o army_n can_v come_v up_o but_o if_o the_o prince_n have_v no_o army_n on_o foot_n let_v his_o castle_n be_v where_o they_o will_v upon_o the_o frontier_n or_o elsewhere_o they_o be_v either_o unserviceable_a or_o dangerous_a dangerous_a because_o they_o be_v easy_o lose_v and_o make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o enemy_n against_o you_o or_o if_o they_o be_v too_o strong_a to_o be_v take_v yet_o the_o enemy_n march_v on_o and_o leave_v they_o unserviceable_a behind_o he_o for_o a_o army_n that_o have_v no_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n to_o confront_v it_o take_v no_o notice_n of_o city_n or_o castle_n but_o pass_v by_o as_o it_o please_v ramble_n up_o and_o down_o and_o ravages_n the_o whole_a country_n as_o may_v be_v observe_v both_o in_o ancient_a history_n and_o new_a francisco_n maria_n not_o many_o year_n since_o invade_v the_o duchy_n of_o urbino_n nor_o concern_v himself_o at_o all_o though_o he_o leave_v ten_o of_o his_o enemy_n city_n behind_o he_o wherefore_o that_o prince_n who_o have_v a_o good_a army_n need_v not_o stand_v upon_o castle_n and_o he_o that_o have_v no_o castle_n need_v not_o trouble_v himself_o to_o build_v any_o all_o that_o he_o be_v to_o do_v be_v to_o fortify_v the_o town_n of_o his_o own_o residence_n as_o well_o as_o he_o can_v and_o accustom_v the_o citizen_n to_o arm_n that_o he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o sustain_v a_o enemy_n at_o least_o for_o a_o while_n till_o he_o can_v make_v his_o condition_n or_o procure_v relief_n all_o other_o design_n be_v expensive_a in_o time_n of_o peace_n and_o unprofitable_a in_o time_n of_o war_n so_o that_o he_o who_o consider_v what_o have_v be_v say_v must_v acknowledge_v that_o as_o the_o roman_n be_v wise_a in_o every_o thing_n else_o so_o more_o particular_o in_o their_o affair_n with_o the_o latin_n and_o privernates_n in_o not_o think_v of_o castle_n and_o fortress_n but_o of_o more_o noble_a and_o generous_a way_n of_o secure_v their_o allegiance_n chap._n xxv_o to_o attempt_v a_o city_n full_a of_o intestine_a division_n and_o to_o expect_v to_o carry_v it_o thereby_o be_v uncertain_a and_o dangerous_a the_o division_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o rome_n be_v so_o great_a betwixt_o the_o people_n and_o the_o nobility_n that_o the_o veientes_n and_o hetrusci_n take_v the_o opportunity_n conspire_v its_o destruction_n and_o have_v raise_v a_o army_n and_o harrass_v their_o whole_a country_n the_o senate_n send_v out_o g._n manlius_n and_o m._n fabius_n against_o they_o who_o army_n encamp_v near_o the_o enemy_n be_v so_o provoke_v by_o the_o insolence_n of_o their_o language_n that_o the_o roman_n lay_v aside_o their_o private_a animosity_n and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n overthrow_v they_o by_o which_o we_o may_v observe_v how_o easy_o we_o err_v in_o our_o counsel_n and_o how_o we_o lose_v thing_n many_o time_n the_o same_o way_n by_o which_o we_o intend_v to_o gain_v they_o the_o veientes_n think_v by_o assault_v the_o roman_n whilst_o they_o be_v embroil_v in_o their_o intestine_a division_n they_o shall_v certain_o overcome_v they_o and_o their_o invade_v they_o at_o that_o time_n unite_v the_o enemy_n and_o ruin_v themselves_o and_o not_o without_o reason_n for_o the_o occasion_n of_o discord_n and_o faction_n in_o a_o commonwealth_n be_v idleness_n and_o peace_n and_o there_o be_v nothing_o unite_v like_o apprehension_n and_o war._n so_o that_o have_v the_o veientes_n be_v wise_a as_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v they_o shall_v have_v forbear_v make_v war_n upon_o they_o at_o that_o time_n and_o have_v try_v other_o artificial_a way_n to_o have_v destroy_v they_o the_o sure_a way_n be_v to_o insinuate_v and_o make_v yourself_o a_o mediator_n betwixt_o they_o and_o to_o take_v upon_o yourself_o the_o arbitration_n rather_o than_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o blow_n when_o it_o be_v come_v to_o that_o you_o be_v private_o and_o gentle_o to_o supply_v the_o weak_a side_n to_o foment_n and_o continue_v the_o war_n till_o they_o consume_v one_o another_o but_o be_v sure_a your_o supply_n be_v not_o too_o great_a lest_o both_o party_n begin_v to_o suspect_v you_o and_o believe_v your_o design_n be_v to_o ruin_v they_o both_o and_o make_v yourself_o prince_n if_o this_o way_n be_v well_o manage_v it_o will_v certain_o bring_v you_o to_o the_o end_n which_o you_o desire_v for_o when_o both_o side_n be_v weary_a they_o will_v commit_v themselves_o to_o your_o arbitration_n by_o these_o art_n the_o city_n of_o pistoia_n return_v to_o its_o dependence_n upon_o florence_n for_o labour_v under_o intestine_a division_n the_o florentine_n favour_v first_o one_o side_n and_o then_o the_o other_o but_o so_o sly_o that_o no_o occasion_n of_o jealousy_n be_v give_v to_o either_o bring_v they_o both_o in_o a_o short_a time_n to_o be_v weary_a of_o their_o distraction_n and_o throw_v themselves_o unanimous_o into_o their_o arm_n the_o government_n of_o the_o city_n of_o sienna_n have_v never_o be_v change_v by_o their_o own_o domestic_a dissension_n have_v not_o the_o florentine_n supply_v both_o party_n underhand_o and_o foment_v they_o that_o way_n whereas_o have_v they_o appear_v open_o and_o above_o board_n it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o mean_n to_o have_v unite_v they_o i_o shall_v add_v one_o example_n more_o philip_n visconti_n duke_n of_o milan_n make_v war_n many_o time_n upon_o the_o florentine_n hope_v by_o the_o dissension_n of_o the_o city_n to_o have_v conquer_v they_o the_o more_o easy_o but_o he_o never_o succeed_v so_o that_o complain_v one_o time_n of_o his_o misfortune_n he_o have_v this_o expression_n the_o folly_n of_o the_o florentine_n have_v cost_v i_o two_o million_o of_o money_n to_o no_o purpose_n in_o short_a as_o the_o veientes_n and_o tuscan_n find_v themselves_o in_o a_o error_n when_o they_o think_v by_o help_n of_o the_o difference_n in_o rome_n to_o have_v master_v the_o roman_n and_o be_v ruin_v themselves_o for_o their_o pain_n so_o it_o will_v fare_v with_o whoever_o take_v that_o way_n to_o oppress_v or_o subvert_v any_o other_o government_n chap._n xxvi_o he_o who_o contemn_v or_o reproach_n another_o person_n incur_v his_o hatred_n without_o any_o advantage_n to_o himself_o i_o look_v upon_o it_o as_o one_o of_o the_o great_a point_n of_o discretion_n in_o a_o man_n to_o forbear_v injury_n and_o threaten_a especial_o in_o word_n neither_o of_o they_o weaken_v the_o enemy_n but_o threaten_v make_v he_o more_o cautious_a and_o injury_n the_o more_o inveterate_a and_o industrious_a to_o revenge_v it_o this_o be_v manifest_a by_o the_o example_n of_o the_o veienti_fw-la of_o which_o i_o discourse_v in_o the_o forego_n chapter_n for_o not_o content_v themselves_o with_o the_o mischief_n that_o they_o bring_v upon_o they_o by_o the_o war_n they_o add_v contumely_n and_o opprobrious_a language_n which_o so_o provoke_v and_o inflame_v the_o roman_a army_n that_o whereas_o before_o they_o be_v irresolute_a and_o seem_v to_o decline_v it_o they_o now_o fall_v upon_o they_o unanimous_o and_o overthrow_v they_o so_o that_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v
province_n but_o when_o he_o be_v come_v into_o italy_n instead_o of_o assist_v he_o they_o conspire_v against_o he_o and_o slay_v he_o upon_o promise_n of_o indemnity_n and_o restitution_n of_o their_o estate_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v learn_v what_o faith_n be_v to_o be_v give_v to_o such_o as_o be_v banish_v out_o of_o their_o own_o country_n for_o as_o to_o their_o engagement_n they_o be_v nothing_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o when_o ever_o they_o can_v return_v by_o any_o other_o mean_n they_o will_v leave_v you_o and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o any_o body_n else_o notwithstanding_o any_o promise_n or_o engagement_n to_o you_o and_o that_o which_o make_v their_o promise_n and_o confidence_n the_o less_o to_o be_v trust_v be_v because_o their_o extreme_a passion_n and_o desire_n to_o come_v home_o make_v they_o believe_v many_o thing_n that_o be_v impossible_a and_o pretend_v many_o thing_n that_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v so_o that_o betwixt_o what_o they_o believe_v and_o what_o they_o pretend_v they_o feed_v you_o with_o fair_a hope_n but_o if_o you_o depend_v upon_o they_o you_o be_v undo_v your_o expense_n be_v all_o lose_v and_o your_o whole_a enterprise_n miscarry_v i_o shall_v only_o give_v you_o a_o instance_n in_o the_o aforesaid_a alexander_n and_o themistocles_n the_o athenian_a themistocles_n be_v in_o rebellion_n against_o the_o athenian_n flee_v into_o asia_n to_o darius_n who_o he_o solicit_v with_o large_a promise_n to_o a_o expedition_n into_o greece_n darius_n be_v persuade_v and_o pass_v into_o greece_n but_o themistocles_n be_v unable_a to_o make_v his_o promise_n good_a either_o for_o shame_n of_o what_o he_o have_v do_v or_o fear_v of_o punishment_n for_o what_o he_o have_v not_o he_o poison_v himself_o and_o if_o themistocles_n a_o man_n of_o that_o excellence_n and_o virtue_n can_v delude_v the_o king_n and_o promise_v more_o than_o he_o can_v perform_v how_o little_a be_v they_o to_o be_v trust_v who_o have_v no_o such_o thing_n to_o restrain_v they_o give_v themselves_o up_o whole_o to_o their_o passion_n and_o desire_n prince_n therefore_o and_o state_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o tender_a of_o undertake_v any_o enterprise_n upon_o the_o encouragement_n of_o a_o exile_n for_o they_o seldom_o succeed_v and_o because_o it_o seldom_o happen_v that_o town_n be_v take_v by_o intelligence_n within_o i_o shall_v discourse_v of_o it_o in_o my_o next_o chapter_n and_o add_v what_o variety_n of_o way_n the_o roman_n use_v to_o come_v by_o their_o conquest_n chap._n xxxii_o how_o many_o several_a way_n the_o roman_n use_v to_o conquer_v their_o to_n the_o roman_n be_v a_o martial_a people_n and_o give_v whole_o to_o war_n they_o consider_v every_o thing_n very_o diligent_o that_o may_v any_o way_n conduce_v to_o the_o facilitate_v their_o design_n whether_o it_o be_v matter_n of_o charge_n or_o any_o thing_n else_o for_o this_o reason_n they_o seldom_o attempt_v any_o town_n by_o the_o way_n of_o siege_n because_o they_o think_v the_o expense_n and_o incommodity_n of_o that_o way_n will_v be_v more_o than_o can_v be_v recompense_v by_o the_o take_n it_o so_o as_o they_o never_o try_v that_o whilst_o there_o be_v any_o other_o hope_n and_o in_o all_o their_o great_a war_n there_o be_v but_o very_o few_o example_n of_o any_o long_a leaguer_n by_o they_o the_o way_n which_o they_o take_v be_v common_o either_o by_o storm_n or_o surrender_v when_o they_o take_v a_o town_n by_o storm_n it_o be_v either_o by_o open_a force_n or_o stratagem_n open_v force_n be_v when_o they_o make_v their_o attaque_fw-la without_o batter_v the_o wall_n which_o they_o call_v aggredi_fw-la urbem_fw-la cum_fw-la corona_n to_o begird_v a_o town_n because_o they_o draw_v their_o whole_a army_n round_o the_o town_n and_o fall_v on_o in_o all_o quarter_n and_o in_o this_o manner_n it_o happen_v sometime_o that_o they_o carry_v very_o considerable_a place_n at_o one_o storm_n as_o when_o scipio_n take_v new_a carthage_n in_o spain_n if_o this_o way_n be_v ineffectual_a they_o batter_v down_o the_o wall_n with_o their_o ram_n and_o other_o engine_n of_o war._n sometime_o they_o mine_v and_o enter_v the_o town_n under_o ground_n as_o they_o do_v at_o veii_n sometime_o that_o they_o may_v fight_v with_o the_o enemy_n upon_o equal_a term_n they_o build_v wooden_a tower_n or_o raise_v mount_n to_o the_o height_n of_o the_o wall_n from_o whence_o they_o may_v plague_v and_o molest_v they_o within_o their_o work_n the_o besiege_a be_v in_o most_o danger_n in_o the_o first_o case_n upon_o a_o general_a assault_n for_o their_o wall_n be_v to_o be_v make_v good_a in_o all_o place_n at_o once_o and_o it_o fall_v out_o many_o time_n that_o there_o be_v not_o man_n enough_o to_o supply_v and_o relieve_v all_o part_n or_o if_o they_o have_v man_n enough_o to_o do_v that_o they_o be_v not_o all_o of_o a_o equal_a courage_n and_o when_o any_o give_v ground_n the_o whole_a town_n be_v like_a to_o be_v lose_v and_o by_o this_o mean_v that_o way_n be_v often_o successful_a when_o this_o way_n miscarry_v they_o seldom_o sit_v down_o before_o a_o town_n or_o go_v formal_o to_o beleaguer_v it_o because_o it_o can_v not_o be_v do_v but_o with_o great_a hazard_n to_o their_o army_n for_o their_o quarter_n be_v to_o be_v extend_v and_o their_o guard_n round_o about_o the_o town_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v thin_a and_o weak_a in_o some_o place_n and_o unable_a to_o make_v any_o considerable_a opposition_n if_o the_o enemy_n shall_v make_v any_o considerable_a eruption_n so_o that_o the_o sudden_a and_o brisk_a way_n be_v prefer_v when_o their_o wall_n be_v batter_v with_o their_o engine_n those_o who_o be_v in_o the_o town_n defend_v themselves_o much_o as_o we_o do_v now_o against_o great_a gun_n by_o repair_v their_o breach_n as_o well_o as_o they_o can_v their_o way_n of_o defeat_v their_o mine_n be_v by_o countermine_v and_o oppose_v themselves_o personal_o against_o the_o enemy_n or_o disturb_v they_o with_o their_o invention_n as_o particular_o put_v of_o feather_n and_o oil_n and_o other_o stink_a stuff_n into_o barrel_n of_o wood_n they_o set_v they_o on_o fire_n and_o then_o tumble_v they_o among_o the_o enemy_n that_o what_o with_o the_o fire_n the_o smoke_n and_o the_o stench_n they_o may_v not_o be_v able_a to_o endure_v they_o their_o tower_n of_o wood_n they_o destroy_v common_o by_o throw_v fire_n into_o they_o and_o then_o for_o the_o mount_n which_o be_v raise_v against_o the_o wall_n their_o way_n be_v to_o dig_v under_o the_o wall_n and_o steal_v away_o their_o earth_n or_o by_o loosen_a the_o foundation_n of_o the_o mount_n till_o it_o all_o fell_a to_o the_o ground_n but_o these_o way_n of_o take_v a_o town_n be_v not_o long_o to_o be_v try_v if_o they_o carry_v it_o not_o quick_o they_o raise_v their_o siege_n and_o seek_v out_o some_o other_o way_n of_o prosecute_a the_o war_n as_o scipio_n do_v when_o he_o go_v over_o into_o africa_n for_o have_v assault_v utica_n without_o any_o success_n he_o alter_v his_o counsel_n raise_v his_o siege_n and_o address_v himself_o whole_o to_o the_o bring_v the_o carthaginian_a army_n to_o a_o engagement_n yet_o sometime_o they_o continue_v their_o siege_n as_o they_o do_v at_o veii_n carthage_n and_o jerusalem_n as_o to_o their_o way_n of_o take_v of_o town_n by_o fraud_n and_o intelligence_n as_o they_o take_v paloepolis_n the_o roman_n and_o other_o attempt_v many_o place_n after_o that_o manner_n but_o they_o seldom_o succeed_v for_o those_o secret_a correspondency_n be_v easy_o discover_v and_o the_o least_o discovery_n spoil_v the_o whole_a design_n because_o the_o conspiracy_n be_v common_o discover_v before_o it_o come_v to_o execution_n it_o either_o be_v unpracticable_a in_o itself_o or_o betray_v by_o the_o infidelity_n of_o some_o of_o the_o conspirator_n there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o meeting_n and_o discourse_v with_o such_o person_n as_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a to_o discourse_v with_o but_o upon_o some_o specious_a occasion_n but_o suppose_v it_o be_v not_o discover_v in_o the_o management_n there_o be_v so_o many_o difficulty_n in_o put_v it_o into_o action_n that_o it_o be_v almost_o impossible_a to_o overcome_v they_o for_o if_o you_o come_v too_o soon_o or_o too_o late_a all_o be_v spoil_v if_o any_o noise_n be_v make_v as_o by_o the_o goose_n in_o the_o capitol_n the_o least_o disorder_n the_o least_o error_n or_o mistake_n destroy_v the_o whole_a enterprise_n beside_o these_o thing_n be_v execute_v in_o the_o night_n the_o darkness_n strike_v a_o terror_n into_o the_o instrument_n and_o the_o more_o because_o they_o be_v common_o unacquainted_a with_o the_o place_n or_o people_n which_o they_o be_v to_o attaque_fw-la and_o therefore_o every_o little_a noise_n or_o accident_n be_v sufficient_a to_o confound_v
they_o and_o every_o trifle_a imagination_n will_v make_v they_o turn_v their_o back_n but_o no_o body_n be_v so_o dare_v and_o successful_a in_o these_o fraudulent_a and_o nocturnal_a design_n as_o aratus_n sicionius_n though_o in_o the_o daytime_n he_o be_v but_o like_o other_o man_n which_o be_v rather_o from_o some_o secret_a virtue_n in_o he_o than_o any_o excellence_n in_o the_o way_n and_o as_o to_o the_o take_n of_o town_n by_o surrender_n they_o either_o surrender_v free_o or_o by_o force_n when_o they_o do_v it_o free_o it_o be_v do_v out_o of_o some_o extrinsic_a necessity_n as_o when_o capua_n surrender_v to_o the_o roman_n for_o fear_v of_o fall_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o samnite_n or_o else_o out_o of_o desire_n to_o be_v well_o govern_v as_o be_v take_v with_o the_o administration_n of_o that_o prince_n to_o who_o they_o surrender_v and_o thus_o it_o be_v with_o the_o rhodian_n the_o massillians_n and_o other_o city_n which_o give_v themselves_o up_o to_o the_o roman_n upon_o no_o other_o inducement_n but_o that_o they_o may_v live_v more_o happy_o under_o the_o roman_a law_n and_o be_v under_o a_o better_a constitution_n but_o there_o be_v many_o city_n which_o surrender_v by_o force_n which_o force_n proceed_v either_o from_o the_o fatigue_n and_o calamity_n of_o a_o tedious_a siege_n or_o from_o continual_a excursion_n and_o depredation_n to_o which_o they_o be_v subject_a and_o against_o which_o they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o secure_v themselves_o and_o then_o all_o the_o way_n we_o have_v mention_v the_o roman_n make_v more_o use_n of_o this_o carry_v on_o their_o war_n with_o their_o neighbour_n 450_o year_n together_o in_o this_o manner_n for_o the_o most_o part_n for_o though_o they_o try_v all_o the_o other_o they_o find_v this_o the_o more_o profitable_a and_o safe_a in_o sieges_n there_o be_v delay_n and_o loss_n of_o time_n in_o storm_n hazard_n and_o danger_n and_o uncertainty_n in_o conspiracy_n but_o in_o bring_v thing_n to_o a_o battle_n it_o have_v be_v see_v that_o by_o beat_v the_o enemy_n army_n they_o have_v get_v a_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o a_o day_n whereas_o a_o obstinate_a town_n have_v cost_v they_o several_a year_n chap._n xxxiii_o how_o the_o roman_n upon_o any_o expedition_n give_v their_o general_n general_a commission_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n that_o to_o read_v the_o history_n of_o livy_n with_o any_o profit_n and_o advantage_n we_o must_v consider_v not_o only_o the_o action_n but_o the_o whole_a mean_n and_o process_n both_o of_o the_o people_n and_o senate_n of_o rome_n among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v very_o remarkable_a with_o what_o authority_n they_o invest_v their_o consul_n dictator_n and_o general_n of_o their_o army_n and_o it_o be_v so_o great_a that_o the_o senate_n reserve_v to_o itself_o only_o the_o power_n of_o make_v peace_n or_o new_a war_n as_o they_o see_v occasion_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o consul_n who_o may_v fight_v or_o not_o fight_v assault_v this_o town_n or_o that_o town_n as_o he_o please_v without_o any_o contradiction_n this_o may_v be_v prove_v by_o many_o example_n by_o more_o especial_o by_o what_o happen_v in_o a_o expedition_n against_o the_o tuscan_n for_o fabius_n the_o consul_n have_v defeat_v the_o enemy_n at_o sutri_n resolve_v to_o pass_v the_o forest_n of_o gimina_fw-la with_o his_o army_n and_o invade_v tuscany_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o receive_v order_n from_o the_o senate_n or_o consult_v they_o in_o the_o business_n that_o he_o give_v they_o not_o the_o least_o notice_n though_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v remove_v into_o another_o country_n and_o like_a to_o be_v very_o dangerous_a which_o appear_v by_o the_o resolution_n of_o the_o senate_n in_o that_o very_a case_n for_o have_v hear_v of_o his_o victory_n at_o sutri_n and_o apprehend_v that_o he_o may_v fall_v upon_o such_o counsel_n and_o pass_v his_o army_n into_o tuscany_n through_o that_o dangerous_a forest_n they_o send_v two_o ambassador_n to_o he_o to_o advise_v he_o from_o that_o expedition_n but_o they_o come_v too_o late_o for_o he_o be_v go_v before_o and_o have_v overrun_v the_o whole_a country_n and_o rout_v the_o enemy_n instead_o of_o hinder_v his_o design_n the_o ambassador_n go_v back_o with_o the_o news_n of_o his_o victory_n this_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n if_o it_o be_v serious_o consider_v will_v be_v find_v to_o be_v very_o solid_a and_o wise_a for_o shall_v the_o senate_n have_v be_v consult_v by_o their_o general_n upon_o every_o particular_a occasion_n and_o have_v expect_v all_o their_o order_n from_o they_o it_o will_v have_v make_v their_o general_n less_o circumspect_a and_o vigorous_a because_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o victory_n will_v not_o accrue_v total_o to_o they_o but_o they_o must_v participate_v with_o the_o senate_n beside_o the_o senate_n understand_v very_o well_o that_o fortune_n be_v various_a and_o that_o many_o accident_n and_o advantage_n happen_v which_o can_v be_v know_v or_o improve_v by_o any_o but_o those_o who_o be_v present_a so_o that_o if_o they_o shall_v desire_v to_o be_v consult_v in_o thing_n of_o which_o they_o can_v have_v no_o knowledge_n they_o must_v of_o necessity_n err_v though_o they_o be_v person_n of_o never_o so_o much_o experience_n and_o wisdom_n wherefore_o they_o give_v their_o general_n absolute_a power_n of_o dispose_v all_o thing_n at_o his_o own_o will_n and_o the_o whole_a honour_n of_o the_o expedition_n be_v to_o be_v his_o that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o spur_n to_o prick_v on_o his_o diligence_n and_o a_o bridle_n to_o regulate_v his_o rashness_n and_o this_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o insert_v that_o i_o may_v show_v how_o much_o the_o famous_a commonwealth_n in_o our_o time_n do_v differ_v from_o the_o roman_n particular_o the_o venetian_n and_o florentine_n who_o be_v so_o strict_a with_o their_o general_n that_o if_o a_o great_a gun_n be_v but_o to_o be_v plant_v against_o a_o town_n the_o senate_n must_v be_v advise_v and_o give_v order_n how_o and_o from_o whence_o it_o be_v to_o play_v but_o this_o custom_n deserve_v commendation_n as_o much_o as_o the_o rest_n which_o all_o together_o have_v bring_v their_o affair_n into_o that_o sad_a condition_n in_o which_o they_o be_v at_o present_a the_o discourse_n of_o nicholas_n machiavelli_n citizen_z and_o secretary_z of_o florence_n upon_o the_o first_o decade_n of_o titus_n livius_n libre_fw-la iii_o chap._n i._n that_o a_o sect_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v long-lived_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o correct_v it_o often_o and_o reduce_v it_o towards_o its_o first_o principle_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a truth_n that_o the_o thing_n of_o this_o world_n be_v determine_v and_o a_o set_a time_n appoint_v for_o their_o duration_n but_o those_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a course_n which_o be_v assign_v they_o by_o their_o star_n who_o keep_v their_o body_n in_o such_o order_n that_o it_o may_v not_o alter_v at_o all_o or_o if_o it_o do_v it_o be_v for_o the_o better_a i_o speak_v now_o of_o mix_a body_n as_o commonwealth_n and_o sect_n and_o i_o say_v that_o those_o alteration_n be_v salutiferous_a which_o reduce_v they_o towards_o their_o first_o principle_n and_o therefore_o the_o best_a order_v and_o long_a live_v be_v they_o who_o by_o their_o own_o order_n may_v be_v often_o renew_v or_o else_o by_o some_o accident_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o say_a order_n may_v tend_v to_o renovation_n it_o be_v as_o clear_a as_o the_o day_n that_o no_o body_n of_o man_n be_v of_o long_a duration_n unless_o they_o be_v renew_v and_o the_o way_n to_o renew_v they_o as_o be_v say_v before_o be_v to_o reduce_v they_o to_o their_o principle_n for_o the_o fundamental_o of_o all_o sect_n commonwealth_n and_o kingdom_n have_v always_o something_o of_o good_a in_o they_o by_o mean_n of_o which_o they_o recover_v their_o first_o reputation_n and_o grandeur_n and_o because_o in_o process_n of_o time_n that_o goodness_n corrupt_v that_o body_n must_v of_o necessity_n die_v unless_o something_o intervene_v that_o reduce_v it_o to_o its_o first_o principle_n the_o physician_n speak_v of_o the_o body_n of_o man_n tell_v we_o quod_fw-la quotidie_fw-la aggregatur_fw-la aliquid_fw-la quod_fw-la quandoque_fw-la indiget_fw-la curatione_fw-la that_o there_o be_v not_o a_o day_n pass_v but_o it_o contract_v something_o which_o afterward_o will_v require_v to_o be_v cure_v it_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o body_n politic_a and_o as_o to_o they_o i_o say_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v cure_v by_o be_v renew_v and_o they_o be_v renew_v partly_o by_o external_a accident_n and_o partly_o by_o internal_a prudence_n the_o first_o happen_v as_o it_o be_v by_o destiny_n or_o fate_n as_o that_o rome_n shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o french_a that_o thereby_o it_o may_v reassume_v its_o old_a custom_n and_o
by_o the_o example_n of_o good_a man_n or_o good_a law_n that_o may_v reduce_v it_o towards_o its_o first_o principle_n manlius_n then_o have_v be_v a_o great_a and_o memorable_a person_n have_v he_o be_v bear_v in_o a_o corrupt_a city_n for_o whoever_o design_n any_o innovation_n in_o a_o state_n whether_o it_o be_v for_o the_o restitution_n of_o liberty_n or_o the_o erection_n of_o tyranny_n be_v particular_o to_o regard_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o people_n and_o to_o consider_v how_o far_o they_o be_v dispose_v to_o submit_v to_o his_o ambition_n and_o by_o so_o do_v he_o may_v be_v able_a to_o judge_v of_o the_o success_n of_o his_o enterprise_n for_o to_o endeavour_v to_o make_v a_o people_n free_a that_o be_v servile_a in_o their_o nature_n be_v as_o hard_a a_o matter_n as_o to_o keep_v they_o in_o servitude_n who_o be_v dispose_v to_o be_v free_a and_o because_o we_o have_v say_v before_o that_o in_o all_o their_o operation_n man_n be_v to_o consider_v and_o proceed_v according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o time_n we_o shall_v speak_v of_o it_o at_o large_a in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n chap._n ix_o how_o he_o that_o will_v succeed_v must_v accommodate_v to_o the_o time_n i_o have_v many_o time_n consider_v with_o myself_o that_o the_o occasion_n of_o every_o man_n good_a or_o bad_a fortune_n consist_v in_o his_o correspondence_n and_o accommodation_n with_o the_o time_n we_o see_v some_o people_n act_v furious_o and_o with_o a_o impetus_fw-la other_o with_o more_o slowness_n and_o caution_n and_o because_o both_o in_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o they_o be_v immoderate_a and_o do_v not_o observe_v their_o just_a term_n therefore_o both_o of_o they_o do_v err_v but_o their_o error_n and_o misfortune_n be_v least_o who_o custom_n suit_n and_o correspond_v with_o the_o time_n and_o who_o comport_v himself_o in_o his_o design_n according_a to_o the_o impulse_n of_o his_o own_o nature_n every_o one_o can_v tell_v how_o fabius_n maximus_n conduct_v his_o army_n and_o with_o what_o carefulness_n and_o caution_n he_o proceed_v contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a heat_n and_o boldness_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o it_o happen_v that_o grave_a way_n be_v more_o conformable_a to_o those_o time_n for_o hannibal_n come_v young_a and_o brisk_a into_o italy_n and_o be_v elate_v with_o his_o good_a fortune_n as_o have_v twice_o defeat_v the_o army_n of_o the_o roman_n that_o commonwealth_n have_v lose_v most_o of_o her_o best_a soldier_n and_o remain_v in_o great_a fear_n and_o confusion_n nothing_o can_v have_v happen_v more_o seasonable_o to_o they_o than_o to_o have_v such_o a_o general_n who_o by_o his_o caution_n and_o cunctation_n can_v keep_v the_o enemy_n at_o a_o bay_n nor_o can_v any_o time_n have_v be_v more_o fortunate_a to_o his_o way_n of_o proceed_v for_o that_o that_o slow_a and_o deliberate_a way_n be_v natural_a in_o fabius_n and_o not_o affect_v appear_v afterward_o when_o scipio_n be_v desirous_a to_o pass_v his_o army_n into_o africa_n to_o give_v the_o finish_v blow_n to_o the_o war_n fabius_n oppose_v it_o most_o earnest_o as_o one_o who_o can_v not_o force_v or_o dissemble_v his_o nature_n which_o be_v rather_o to_o support_v wise_o against_o the_o difficulty_n that_o be_v upon_o he_o than_o to_o search_v out_o for_o new_a so_o that_o have_v fabius_n direct_v hannibal_n have_v continue_v in_o italy_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o he_o do_v not_o consider_v the_o time_n be_v alter_v and_o the_o method_n of_o the_o war_n be_v to_o be_v change_v with_o they_o and_o if_o fabius_n at_o that_o time_n have_v be_v king_n of_o rome_n he_o may_v well_o have_v be_v worsted_n in_o the_o war_n as_o not_o know_v how_o to_o frame_v his_o counsel_n according_a to_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o time_n but_o there_o be_v in_o that_o commonwealth_n so_o many_o brave_a man_n and_o excellent_a commander_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o temper_n and_o humour_n fortune_n will_v have_v it_o that_o as_o fabius_n be_v ready_a in_o hard_a and_o difficult_a time_n to_o sustain_v the_o enemy_n and_o continue_v the_o war_n so_o afterward_o when_o affair_n be_v in_o a_o better_a posture_n scipio_n be_v present_v to_o finish_v and_o conclude_v it_o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o a_o aristocracy_n or_o free_a state_n be_v long_o live_v and_o general_o more_o fortunate_a than_o a_o principality_n because_o in_o the_o first_o they_o be_v more_o flexible_a and_o can_v frame_v themselves_o better_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o time_n for_o a_o prince_n be_v accustom_v to_o one_o way_n be_v hardly_o to_o be_v get_v out_o of_o it_o though_o perhaps_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o time_n require_v it_o very_o much_o piero_n soderini_n who_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o proceed_v with_o great_a gentleness_n and_o humanity_n in_o all_o his_o action_n and_o he_o and_o his_o country_n prosper_v whilst_o the_o time_n be_v according_a but_o when_o the_o time_n change_v and_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o lay_v aside_o that_o meekness_n and_o humility_n piâ—â—_n be_v at_o a_o loss_n and_o he_o and_o his_o country_n be_v both_o ruin_v pope_n julius_n xi_o during_o the_o whole_a time_n of_o his_o papacy_n carry_v himself_o with_o great_a vigour_n and_o vehemence_n and_o because_o the_o time_n be_v agreeable_a he_o prosper_v in_o every_o thing_n but_o have_v the_o time_n alter_v and_o require_v other_o counsel_n he_o have_v certain_o be_v ruin_v because_o he_o can_v never_o have_v comply_v and_o the_o reason_n why_o we_o can_v change_v so_o easy_o with_o the_o time_n be_v twofold_a first_o because_o we_o can_v ready_o oppose_v ourselves_o against_o what_o we_o natural_o desire_v and_o next_o because_o when_o we_o have_v often_o try_v one_o way_n and_o have_v always_o be_v prosperous_a we_o can_v never_o persuade_v ourselves_o that_o we_o can_v do_v so_o well_o any_o other_o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a cause_n why_o a_o prince_n fortune_n vary_v so_o strange_o because_o she_o vary_v the_o time_n but_o he_o do_v not_o alter_v the_o way_n of_o his_o administration_n and_o it_o be_v the_o same_o in_o a_o commonwealth_n if_o the_o variation_n of_o the_o time_n be_v not_o observe_v and_o their_o law_n and_o custom_n alter_v according_o many_o mischief_n must_v follow_v and_o the_o government_n be_v ruin_v as_o we_o have_v large_o demonstrate_v before_o but_o those_o alteration_n of_o their_o law_n be_v more_o slow_a in_o a_o commonwealth_n because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o easy_o change_v and_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o such_o time_n as_o may_v shake_v the_o whole_a state_n to_o which_o one_o man_n will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a let_v he_o change_v his_o proceed_n and_o take_v new_a measure_n as_o he_o please_v but_o because_o we_o have_v mention_v fabius_n maximus_n and_o how_o he_o keep_v hannibal_n at_o a_o bay_n i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o inquire_v in_o the_o next_o chapter_n whether_o a_o general_n who_o be_v resolve_v upon_o any_o term_n to_o engage_v can_v be_v obstruct_v by_o the_o enemy_n chap._n x._o a_o general_n can_v avoid_v fight_v when_o the_o enemy_n be_v resolve_v to_o engage_v he_o upon_o any_o term_n cneus_fw-la sulpitius_n dictator_n say_v livy_n adversus_fw-la gallos_n bellum_fw-la trahebat_fw-la nolens_fw-la se_fw-la fortunae_fw-la committere_fw-la adversus_fw-la hostem_fw-la quem_fw-la tempus_fw-la deteriorem_fw-la indy_n &_o locus_fw-la alienus_fw-la faceret_fw-la cneus_fw-la sulpitius_n the_o dictator_n decline_v fight_v with_o the_o french_a because_o he_o will_v not_o expose_v himself_o unnecessary_o against_o a_o enemy_n who_o by_o the_o incommodity_n of_o the_o season_n and_o inconvenience_n of_o his_o station_n be_v every_o day_n in_o danger_n to_o be_v undo_v when_o such_o a_o fault_n happen_v as_o deceive_v all_o or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n i_o think_v it_o not_o improper_a to_o reprehend_v it_o over_o and_o over_o again_o and_o therefore_o though_o i_o have_v former_o in_o several_a place_n show_v how_o much_o our_o action_n in_o great_a thing_n be_v different_a from_o those_o in_o ancient_a time_n yet_o i_o think_v it_o not_o superfluous_a to_o say_v something_o of_o it_o here_o if_o in_o any_o thing_n we_o deviate_v from_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o ancient_n it_o be_v in_o our_o military_a discipline_n in_o which_o we_o be_v so_o absolute_o new_a that_o there_o be_v scarce_o any_o thing_n use_v that_o be_v prefer_v by_o our_o ancestor_n and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o commonwealth_n and_o prince_n be_v unwilling_a to_o expose_v themselves_o to_o danger_n have_v shift_v off_o that_o study_n and_o charge_n upon_o other_o people_n and_o when_o in_o our_o time_n any_o prince_n go_v in_o person_n into_o the_o field_n no_o extraordinary_a matter_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v for_o he_o take_v the_o command_n upon_o he_o to_o show_v his_o grandeur_n and_o magnificence_n more_o
french_a at_o the_o siege_n of_o novarra_n where_o they_o be_v attach_v and_o beat_v by_o the_o swisser_n chap._n xi_o one_o person_n that_o have_v many_o enemy_n upon_o his_o hand_n though_o he_o be_v inferior_a to_o they_o yet_o if_o he_o can_v sustain_v their_o first_o impression_n carry_v common_o the_o victory_n the_o power_n of_o the_o tribune_n of_o the_o people_n be_v great_a and_o necessary_a in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n to_o correct_v the_o ambition_n of_o the_o nobility_n who_o otherwise_o will_v have_v debauch_v the_o say_a city_n much_o soon_o than_o they_o do_v but_o as_o it_o happen_v in_o other_o thing_n so_o it_o happen_v in_o this_o in_o the_o best_a and_o most_o beneficial_a thing_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n there_o be_v a_o occult_a and_o remote_a evil_n that_o lie_v snug_a which_o require_v new_a law_n and_o new_a method_n to_o suppress_v for_o the_o insolence_n of_o the_o tribunitial_a authority_n grow_v so_o great_a that_o it_o become_v terrible_a both_o to_o the_o senate_n and_o people_n and_o have_v doubtless_o produce_v some_o great_a mischief_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v not_o appius_n claudius_n by_o his_o great_a wisdom_n find_v out_o a_o way_n to_o temper_n and_o balance_v their_o fury_n by_o the_o intercession_n of_o their_o colleague_n and_o the_o way_n be_v by_o choose_v out_o some_o person_n among_o the_o tribune_n who_o either_o out_o of_o fear_n or_o corruption_n or_o love_n to_o his_o country_n they_o can_v dispose_v to_o withstand_v the_o design_n of_o his_o brethren_n and_o oppose_v himself_o against_o they_o whenever_o their_o resolution_n be_v tend_v to_o the_o diminution_n of_o the_o nobility_n or_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n which_o way_n of_o restrain_v the_o petulancy_n of_o the_o tribune_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o roman_n and_o may_v give_v we_o occasion_n to_o consider_v whether_o a_o combination_n of_o several_a great_a person_n against_o one_o less_o powerful_a than_o they_o whilst_o unite_v be_v like_a to_o be_v successful_a against_o he_o that_o be_v alone_o or_o whether_o the_o single_a person_n have_v the_o advantage_n against_o the_o confederacy_n i_o answer_v that_o those_o who_o force_n be_v unite_v be_v many_o time_n strong_a but_o their_o performance_n be_v seldom_o so_o great_a as_o the_o single_a person_n though_o he_o be_v nothing_o so_o strong_a for_o commit_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o other_o thing_n in_o which_o the_o single_a person_n have_v the_o advantage_n he_o will_v be_v able_a with_o a_o little_a industry_n to_o break_v and_o divide_v and_o enfeeble_v they_o to_o this_o purpose_n there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o go_v to_o antiquity_n for_o example_n where_o there_o be_v plenty_n enough_o the_o passage_n of_o our_o own_o time_n will_v furnish_v we_o sufficient_o in_o the_o year_n 1484_o all_o italy_n confederate_v against_o the_o venetian_a who_o when_o they_o be_v so_o overpower_v and_o distress_v that_o they_o be_v unable_a to_o keep_v the_o field_n find_v a_o way_n to_o work_v off_o count_n lodavic_n governor_n of_o milan_n from_o their_o league_n by_o which_o mean_n they_o not_o only_o obtain_v a_o peace_n and_o restitution_n of_o what_o they_o have_v lose_v but_o they_o get_v a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o ferrara_n so_o that_o they_o who_o force_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o appear_v before_o the_o enemy_n when_o they_o come_v to_o treat_v be_v the_o great_a gainer_n by_o the_o war._n not_o many_o year_n since_o the_o whole_a christian_a world_n seem_v to_o conspire_v against_o france_n yet_o before_o the_o end_n of_o the_o war_n the_o spaniard_n fall_v off_o from_o the_o league_n make_v his_o peace_n with_o the_o french_a and_o force_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o confederate_n one_o after_o one_o to_o do_v the_o same_o and_o from_o hence_o we_o may_v easy_o collect_v that_o as_o often_o as_o many_o prince_n or_o state_n be_v confederated_a together_o against_o any_o single_a prince_n or_o commonwealth_n if_o the_o single_a prince_n and_o commonwealth_n be_v strong_a enough_o to_o withstand_v their_o first_o impression_n and_o spin_v out_o the_o war_n he_o will_v certain_o prevail_v but_o if_o his_o force_n be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o do_v that_o he_o be_v in_o extraordinary_a danger_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o venetian_n for_o have_v they_o be_v able_a to_o have_v sustain_v their_o first_o shock_n and_o protract_v the_o war_n till_o they_o have_v debauch_v some_o of_o the_o confederate_n the_o french_a have_v never_o do_v they_o so_o much_o mischief_n and_o they_o have_v preserve_v themselves_o from_o ruin_n but_o their_o army_n be_v too_o weak_a to_o confront_v they_o and_o their_o time_n too_o little_a to_o divide_v they_o they_o be_v undo_v and_o this_o be_v evident_a by_o what_o happen_v afterward_o for_o as_o soon_o as_o the_o pope_n have_v recover_v what_o he_o have_v lose_v he_o reconcile_v himself_o and_o become_v their_o friend_n the_o spaniard_n do_v the_o same_o and_o both_o of_o they_o will_v have_v be_v glad_a to_o have_v continue_v lombardy_n to_o the_o venetian_n rather_o than_o the_o french_a shall_v have_v get_v it_o and_o make_v himself_o so_o considerable_a in_o italy_n the_o venetian_n at_o that_o time_n may_v have_v prevent_v a_o great_a part_n of_o their_o calamity_n have_v they_o give_v some_o small_a part_n of_o their_o territory_n to_o the_o enemy_n and_o thereby_o have_v secure_v the_o rest_n but_o then_o they_o must_v have_v give_v it_o in_o time_n and_o so_o as_o it_o may_v not_o have_v appear_v to_o have_v be_v do_v by_o necessity_n as_o they_o may_v well_o have_v do_v before_o the_o war_n be_v commence_v when_o that_o be_v begin_v it_o will_v have_v be_v dishonourable_a and_o perhaps_o ineffectual_a but_o before_o those_o trouble_n there_o be_v few_o of_o the_o venetian_a citizen_n that_o can_v foresee_v a_o danger_n few_o that_o can_v remedy_v it_o and_o none_o at_o all_o that_o can_v advise_v to_o conclude_v therefore_o this_o chapter_n i_o do_v pronounce_v that_o as_o the_o roman_a remedy_n against_o the_o ambition_n of_o their_o tribune_n be_v the_o multitude_n of_o they_o out_o of_o which_o they_o always_o find_v some_o or_o other_o that_o they_o can_v make_v for_o the_o interest_n of_o the_o public_a so_o it_o be_v a_o ready_a remedy_n for_o any_o prince_n that_o be_v engage_v against_o a_o confederate_a enemy_n when_o he_o can_v break_v their_o league_n and_o work_v any_o of_o the_o confederate_n to_o a_o separation_n chap._n xii_o a_o wise_a general_n be_v to_o put_v a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v upon_o his_o own_o army_n but_o to_o prevent_v it_o to_o his_o enemy_n we_o have_v former_o discourse_v of_o what_o use_n and_o importance_n necessity_n be_v in_o humane_a exploit_n and_o show_v how_o many_o man_n compel_v by_o necessity_n have_v do_v glorious_a thing_n and_o make_v their_o memory_n immortal_a moral_a philosopher_n have_v tell_v we_o that_o the_o tongue_n and_o the_o hand_n be_v noble_a instrument_n of_o themselves_o yet_o they_o have_v never_o bring_v thing_n to_o that_o exactness_n and_o perfection_n have_v not_o necessity_n impel_v they_o the_o general_n therefore_o of_o old_a understand_v well_o the_o virtue_n of_o this_o necessity_n and_o how_o much_o more_o desperate_a and_o obstinate_a their_o soldier_n be_v render_v thereby_o make_v it_o their_o care_n to_o bring_v their_o soldier_n into_o a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v and_o to_o keep_v it_o from_o their_o enemy_n to_o which_o end_n they_o many_o time_n open_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o enemy_n army_n which_o they_o may_v easy_o have_v obstruct_v and_o preclude_v it_o to_o their_o own_o when_o they_o may_v as_o easy_o have_v pass_v whoever_o therefore_o desire_v to_o make_v his_o garrison_n stout_a and_o courageous_a and_o obstinate_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o a_o town_n or_o to_o render_v his_o army_n pertinacious_a in_o the_o field_n be_v above_o all_o thing_n to_o reduce_v they_o into_o such_o a_o necessity_n or_o at_o least_o to_o make_v they_o believe_v it_o so_o that_o a_o wise_a general_n who_o design_n the_o besiege_n of_o a_o town_n judge_n of_o the_o easiness_n or_o difficulty_n of_o the_o expugnation_n from_o the_o necessity_n which_o lie_v upon_o the_o citizen_n to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o the_o necessity_n of_o their_o defence_n be_v great_a his_o enterprise_n be_v the_o more_o difficult_a because_o the_o courage_n and_o obstinacy_n of_o the_o besiege_a be_v like_a to_o be_v the_o great_a but_o where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o necessity_n there_o be_v no_o such_o danger_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o revolt_a town_n be_v much_o hard_a to_o be_v recover_v than_o they_o be_v to_o be_v take_v at_o first_o for_o at_o first_o have_v commit_v no_o fault_n they_o be_v in_o fear_n of_o no_o punishment_n and_o therefore_o surrender_v more_o easy_o but_o in_o the_o other_o case_n
have_v the_o guilt_n of_o their_o defect_n up_o their_o spirit_n they_o be_v fearful_a of_o revenge_n and_o so_o become_v more_o obstinate_a in_o their_o defence_n these_o be_v not_o unusual_a and_o yet_o there_o be_v other_o cause_n which_o render_v the_o mind_n of_o people_n obstinate_a in_o their_o defence_n and_o one_o of_o they_o be_v the_o natural_a hatred_n and_o animosity_n which_o be_v frequent_o betwixt_o neighbour_a prince_n and_o state_n which_o proceed_v from_o a_o infatiable_a desire_n of_o dominion_n in_o prince_n and_o as_o zealous_a a_o inclination_n to_o liberty_n in_o commonwealth_n especial_o if_o they_o be_v constitute_v as_o in_o tuscany_n where_o that_o emulation_n and_o jealousy_n have_v make_v they_o refractory_a both_o on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o hence_o it_o be_v though_o that_o the_o florentine_n have_v be_v at_o great_a charge_n than_o the_o venetian_n yet_o their_o acquest_n be_v not_o so_o much_o because_o the_o town_n in_o tuscany_n be_v most_o of_o they_o free_a &_o by_o consequence_n more_o difficult_a to_o be_v bring_v to_o subjection_n whereas_o the_o town_n which_o the_o venetian_n conquer_v have_v be_v most_o of_o they_o under_o prince_n and_o accustom_v to_o servitude_n it_o be_v indifferent_a to_o they_o under_o who_o dominion_n they_o be_v and_o they_o be_v so_o far_o from_o resist_v a_o change_n that_o they_o do_v many_o time_n desire_v it_o so_o that_o though_o the_o city_n upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o venetian_a be_v general_o strong_a than_o those_o upon_o the_o frontier_n of_o the_o florentine_a yet_o they_o be_v reduce_v with_o more_o ease_n because_o be_v not_o so_o free_a they_o be_v less_o obstinate_a in_o their_o defence_n when_o therefore_o a_o wise_a general_n resolve_v upon_o a_o siege_n he_o be_v with_o all_o diligence_n to_o take_v away_o that_o necessity_n from_o the_o citizen_n which_o may_v make_v they_o inflexible_a either_o by_o promise_a indemnity_n if_o they_o have_v deserve_v to_o be_v punish_v or_o if_o it_o be_v only_o their_o liberty_n of_o which_o they_o be_v fearful_a by_o assure_v they_o that_o his_o design_n be_v not_o against_o that_o but_o only_o against_o the_o ambition_n and_o exorbitancy_n of_o some_o particular_a person_n which_o kind_n of_o promise_n have_v strange_a effect_n in_o the_o facilitate_v of_o erterprise_n and_o the_o take_n of_o town_n for_o though_o wise_a man_n will_v easy_o discover_v the_o fraud_n yet_o the_o multitude_n be_v common_o so_o impatient_a of_o war_n and_o so_o mad_a to_o be_v at_o quiet_a that_o they_o shut_v their_o eye_n against_o any_o thing_n of_o mischief_n that_o come_v to_o they_o under_o proposition_n of_o peace_n by_o which_o mean_v many_o city_n have_v lose_v their_o liberty_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o florence_n not_o long_o since_o and_o to_o m._n crassus_n and_o his_o army_n heretofore_o who_o though_o he_o be_v sensible_a that_o the_o promise_n of_o the_o parthian_n be_v fraudulent_a and_o make_v only_o to_o keep_v his_o soldier_n from_o that_o necessity_n of_o defend_v themselves_o yet_o he_o can_v not_o convince_v they_o nor_o prevail_v with_o they_o to_o stand_v brave_o upon_o their_o guard_n but_o be_v blind_v with_o their_o overture_n of_o peace_n both_o army_n and_o general_n be_v cut_v off_o as_o may_v be_v see_v by_o the_o history_n the_o samnite_n put_v on_o by_o the_o ambition_n of_o some_o of_o their_o citizen_n break_v their_o peace_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o invade_v their_o country_n but_o be_v afterward_o sensible_a of_o what_o they_o have_v do_v they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n offer_v restitution_n of_o what_o they_o have_v take_v and_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o author_n of_o that_o counsel_n into_o their_o hand_n â—o_z be_v punish_v as_o they_o please_v but_o be_v reject_v and_o their_o ambassador_n send_v home_o without_o any_o hope_n of_o agreement_n pontius_n their_o general_n use_v it_o as_o a_o argument_n to_o encourage_v his_o man_n to_o fight_v more_o obstinate_o that_o the_o roman_n have_v refuse_v their_o fair_a overture_n of_o peace_n be_v resolve_v upon_o war_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o other_o course_n but_o of_o necessity_n they_o must_v fight_v and_o say_v he_o justum_fw-la est_fw-la bellum_fw-la quibus_fw-la est_fw-la necessarium_fw-la &_o pia_fw-la arma_fw-la quibus_fw-la nulla_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o armis_fw-la spes_fw-la est_fw-la that_o wur_n be_v just_a that_o be_v necessary_a and_o arm_n be_v pious_o take_v up_o by_o he_o who_o have_v no_o other_o hope_n to_o secure_v himself_o upon_o which_o necessity_n he_o found_v the_o hope_n of_o his_o victory_n c._n manlius_n be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n against_o the_o vejente_n and_o part_n of_o the_o army_n of_o the_o vejente_n be_v get_v into_o his_o camp_n manlius_n to_o cut_v of_o their_o retreat_n double_v his_o guard_n at_o the_o gate_n and_o fortify_v all_o the_o pass_n by_o which_o they_o be_v to_o return_v but_o the_o vejente_n perceive_v they_o be_v desperate_a fight_v with_o so_o much_o courage_n and_o fury_n that_o they_o kill_v the_o consul_n and_o have_v cut_v off_o his_o whole_a army_n have_v not_o one_o of_o the_o tribune_n very_o wise_o open_v they_o a_o way_n to_o be_v go_v in_o which_o action_n we_o may_v observe_v that_o whilst_o the_o vejente_n be_v under_o a_o necessity_n of_o fight_v there_o be_v no_o resist_n of_o their_o courage_n but_o when_o a_o way_n be_v open_v for_o their_o retreat_n they_o choose_v rather_o to_o fly_v the_o volsci_n and_o the_o equi_fw-la be_v enter_v upon_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o send_v their_o consul_n against_o they_o with_o a_o army_n and_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n it_o happen_v that_o in_o the_o heat_n of_o it_o the_o volsci_n be_v enclose_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o as_o it_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o their_o own_o camp_n vettius_n mescins_n their_o general_n find_v their_o exigence_n and_o that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n of_o be_v kill_v or_o make_v their_o way_n by_o the_o sword_n item_fw-la mecum_fw-la say_v he_o to_o his_o soldier_n non_fw-la murus_fw-la nonvallum_fw-la armati_fw-la armatis_fw-la obstant_fw-la virtute_fw-la pares_fw-la quae_fw-la ultimum_fw-la &_o maximum_fw-la telum_fw-la est_fw-la necessitate_v superiores_fw-la estis_fw-la follow_v i_o then_o courageous_o you_o have_v no_o wall_n no_o rampart_n nothing_o but_o arm_a man_n to_o withstand_v you_o you_o be_v equal_a to_o they_o in_o valour_n and_o be_v under_o necessity_n have_v the_o same_o advantage_n of_o the_o weapon_n for_o livy_n call_v it_o in_o this_o place_n the_o high_a and_o heavy_a of_o weapon_n camillus_n one_o of_o the_o wise_a of_o all_o the_o roman_a general_n have_v storm_v and_o enter_v veii_n with_o some_o part_n of_o his_o army_n to_o facilitate_v his_o victory_n and_o take_v away_o from_o the_o enemy_n that_o last_o necessity_n of_o fight_v give_v order_n and_o so_o loud_a that_o the_o vejente_n may_v be_v sure_a to_o hear_v that_o no_o soldier_n shall_v dare_v to_o touch_v any_o man_n who_o have_v throw_v down_o his_o army_n by_o which_o proclamation_n every_o man_n be_v encourage_v to_o throw_v down_o his_o arm_n and_o the_o city_n be_v take_v with_o so_o little_a loss_n that_o since_o that_o time_n that_o stratagem_n have_v be_v use_v by_o several_a commander_n chap._n xiii_o whether_o we_o be_v more_o safe_a in_o a_o good_a general_n with_o a_o bad_a army_n or_o a_o good_a army_n with_o a_o bad_a general_n martius_n coriolanus_n be_v banish_v from_o rome_n retire_v to_o the_o volsci_n where_o have_v get_v a_o army_n together_o he_o return_v to_o rome_n to_o revenge_v himself_o for_o the_o injury_n his_o fellow_n citizen_n have_v do_v he_o and_o he_o have_v do_v it_o effectual_o have_v not_o the_o prayer_n and_o piety_n of_o his_o mother_n prevail_v more_o upon_o he_o than_o all_o the_o power_n of_o the_o roman_n from_o which_o passage_n titus_n livius_n observe_v that_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n increase_v more_o by_o the_o virtue_n of_o their_o commander_n than_o by_o the_o excellence_n of_o their_o soldier_n because_o though_o the_o volsci_n have_v be_v always_o beat_v before_o yet_o when_o they_o get_v a_o roman_a general_n they_o be_v too_o hard_o for_o the_o roman_n but_o though_o livy_n be_v of_o that_o opinion_n in_o that_o place_n yet_o in_o many_o part_n of_o his_o history_n there_o be_v instance_n where_o the_o private_a soldier_n have_v do_v great_a thing_n and_o sometime_o fight_v better_o and_o in_o better_a order_n after_o their_o consul_n be_v kill_v than_o they_o have_v do_v whilst_o they_o be_v live_v thus_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o army_n which_o the_o roman_n have_v in_o spain_n under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o two_o scipio_n which_o when_o both_o their_o commander_n be_v slay_v behave_v itself_o so_o well_o that_o it_o not_o only_o defend_v itself_o but_o defeat_v the_o enemy_n and_o
preserve_v that_o province_n to_o the_o roman_n so_o that_o in_o the_o whole_a there_o be_v example_n on_o both_o side_n where_o the_o soldier_n have_v do_v brave_o and_o get_v the_o victory_n by_o their_o valour_n and_o where_o the_o conduct_n of_o the_o general_n have_v do_v as_o much_o as_o a_o whole_a army_n from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v conclude_v that_o they_o be_v mutual_o useful_a and_o that_o the_o soldier_n be_v as_o much_o advantage_v by_o the_o excellence_n of_o his_o general_n as_o the_o general_n by_o the_o courage_n of_o his_o army_n however_o this_o i_o think_v will_v not_o be_v unworthy_a our_o consideration_n whether_o be_v most_o formidable_a a_o good_a army_n under_o a_o bad_a commander_n or_o a_o good_a commander_n with_o a_o bad_a army_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o caesar_n neither_o of_o they_o be_v considerable_a for_o when_o he_o go_v into_o spain_n against_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n who_o have_v a_o good_a army_n under_o their_o command_n he_o go_v with_o much_o confidence_n because_o as_o he_o say_v himself_o ibat_fw-la ad_fw-la exercitum_fw-la sine_fw-la deuce_fw-la he_o go_v against_o a_o army_n without_o a_o head_n reflect_v thereby_o upon_o the_o insufficiency_n of_o their_o general_n again_o when_o he_o go_v into_o thessaly_n against_o pompey_n his_o expression_n be_v vado_fw-la a_fw-mi ducem_fw-la sine_fw-la exercitu_fw-la i_o go_v now_o against_o a_o general_n without_o a_o army_n it_o remain_v now_o that_o we_o consider_v whether_o it_o be_v most_o easy_a for_o a_o good_a captain_n to_o make_v a_o good_a army_n or_o a_o good_a army_n to_o make_v a_o good_a captain_n but_o to_o this_o in_o my_o opinion_n it_o be_v easy_o answer_v for_o many_o good_a man_n in_o a_o army_n can_v soon_o select_v one_o out_o of_o their_o number_n and_o instruct_v he_o so_o as_o that_o he_o may_v be_v fit_a to_o command_v the_o rest_n than_o the_o best_a general_n in_o the_o world_n can_v make_v a_o army_n expert_a and_o ready_a lucullus_z when_o he_o be_v send_v against_o mithridates_n be_v utter_o unexperienced_a in_o matter_n of_o war_n yet_o be_v in_o a_o good_a army_n where_o his_o inferior_a officer_n be_v good_a he_o quick_o become_v a_o good_a general_n the_o roman_n for_o want_v of_o man_n be_v force_v to_o arm_v their_o servant_n and_o have_v refer_v they_o to_o be_v discipline_v by_o sempronius_n graccâ—us_n in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o make_v they_o excellent_a soldier_n pelopidas_n and_o epominandas_fw-la after_o they_o have_v rescue_v their_o country_n from_o the_o tyranny_n of_o the_o spartan_n in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v their_o countryman_n so_o good_a soldier_n that_o they_o be_v not_o only_o able_a to_o contend_v but_o to_o conquer_v the_o spartan_n so_o that_o the_o case_n be_v equal_a and_o which_o soever_o be_v good_a may_v make_v the_o other_o so_o too_o nevertheless_o a_o good_a army_n without_o a_o good_a commander_n grow_v insolent_a and_o dangerous_a as_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o macedonian_a army_n after_o alexander_n be_v dead_a and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o civil_a war_n among_o all_o old_a soldier_n so_o that_o i_o think_v if_o there_o be_v more_o confidence_n to_o be_v repose_v in_o the_o one_o than_o in_o the_o other_o it_o be_v to_o be_v rather_o in_o the_o general_n than_o the_o army_n especial_o if_o he_o have_v time_n to_o instruct_v and_o discipline_n his_o man_n for_o a_o army_n without_o a_o head_n be_v insolent_a and_o mutinous_a those_o captain_n therefore_o be_v worthy_a of_o double_a honour_n who_o have_v not_o only_o the_o enemy_n to_o overcome_v but_o be_v to_o instruct_v and_o prepare_v their_o force_n before_o they_o bring_v they_o to_o engage_v and_o in_o do_v so_o they_o do_v high_o recommend_v the_o conduct_n of_o their_o general_n which_o be_v so_o rare_a a_o thing_n that_o if_o the_o trouble_n be_v lay_v upon_o many_o they_o will_v be_v much_o less_o esteem_v and_o respect_v than_o they_o be_v now_o chap._n fourteen_o what_o strange_a effect_n new_a invention_n have_v sometime_o in_o a_o battle_n and_o how_o new_a noise_n have_v the_o same_o what_o strange_a consequence_n have_v succeed_v from_o sudden_a and_o unexpected_a accident_n that_o have_v be_v see_v or_o hear_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o battle_n appear_v by_o several_a example_n in_o history_n but_o especial_o in_o the_o conflict_n betwixt_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o volsci_n where_o quintius_n observe_v one_o of_o the_o wing_n of_o his_o army_n to_o stagger_v and_o give_v ground_n cry_v out_o to_o they_o to_o stand_v firm_a for_o that_o in_o the_o other_o wing_n the_o victory_n be_v they_o with_o which_o word_n he_o not_o only_o reincourage_v his_o own_o man_n but_o put_v such_o a_o terror_n upon_o the_o enemy_n that_o they_o flee_v in_o good_a earnest_n and_o if_o in_o a_o well_o order_v army_n those_o unexpected_a vociferation_n have_v such_o wonderful_a effect_n in_o a_o tumultuous_a and_o ill_o govern_v army_n they_o have_v much_o more_o where_o everything_o be_v more_o subject_n to_o the_o agitation_n of_o such_o wind_n and_o of_o this_o we_o have_v a_o memorable_a example_n of_o our_o time_n the_o city_n of_o perugia_n not_o many_o year_n since_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o oddi_n and_o the_o baglioni_n the_o baglioni_n prevail_v the_o oddi_n be_v banish_v but_o the_o oddi_n have_v get_v a_o army_n together_o and_o bring_v they_o private_o to_o a_o place_n not_o far_o from_o perugia_n by_o the_o favour_n of_o their_o friend_n they_o be_v let_v one_o night_n into_o the_o town_n and_o possess_v themselves_o as_o far_o as_o the_o piazza_n and_o because_o the_o street_n be_v chain_v up_o from_o one_o side_n to_o other_o to_o hinder_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o horse_n the_o oddesche_n have_v a_o man_n who_o go_v before_o they_o with_o a_o great_a engine_n of_o iron_n wherewith_o he_o break_v the_o chain_n and_o he_o have_v do_v his_o work_n so_o effectual_o that_o he_o have_v break_v all_o the_o chain_n but_o what_o open_v into_o the_o piazza_n the_o alarm_n be_v take_v and_o every_o body_n cry_v out_o arm_v arm_z he_o who_o break_v down_o the_o chain_n be_v press_v so_o close_o by_o the_o throng_n that_o be_v behind_o he_o that_o he_o have_v not_o room_n for_o his_o blow_n cry_v out_o to_o those_o that_o be_v next_o back_o back_o intend_v only_o to_o have_v make_v more_o room_n for_o his_o arm_n but_o they_o who_o be_v next_o he_o call_v back_o to_o those_o who_o be_v behind_o they_o by_o degress_n the_o word_n go_v through_o the_o whole_a army_n and_o they_o who_o be_v in_o the_o rear_n not_o know_v the_o reason_n begin_v to_o run_v and_o be_v follow_v by_o those_o who_o be_v next_o the_o whole_a army_n retreat_v by_o little_a and_o little_a till_o at_o last_o they_o break_v out_o into_o a_o absolute_a flight_n by_o which_o inconsiderable_a accident_n the_o oddi_n be_v defeat_v of_o their_o design_n so_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v consider_v that_o in_o a_o battle_n order_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v take_v that_o the_o army_n be_v well_o draw_v up_o and_o put_v in_o a_o good_a posture_n to_o fight_v but_o that_o no_o such_o trifle_a accident_n be_v able_a to_o discompose_v it_o for_o if_o for_o any_o thing_n the_o popular_a multitude_n be_v unfit_a for_o the_o war_n it_o be_v because_o every_o noise_n rumour_n or_o alarm_n distract_v they_o and_o put_v they_o to_o the_o rout_n wherefore_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v a_o principal_a care_n in_o a_o good_a general_n to_o appoint_v such_o person_n as_o be_v to_o receive_v all_o order_n and_o word_n of_o command_n and_o derive_v they_o to_o the_o rest_n that_o by_o so_o do_v the_o soldier_n be_v accustom_v to_o their_o officer_n may_v not_o receive_v any_o such_o order_n but_o from_o such_o person_n as_o be_v commission_v thereunto_o the_o want_n of_o which_o custom_n have_v many_o time_n produce_v very_o great_a confusion_n as_o to_o apparition_n and_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v many_o time_n see_v it_o be_v the_o part_n of_o a_o good_a general_n to_o contrive_v and_o exhibit_v in_o the_o very_a height_n of_o the_o battle_n such_o sight_n as_o may_v encourage_v his_o own_o man_n and_o discourage_v the_o enemy_n for_o among_o many_o accident_n which_o conduce_v to_o your_o victory_n this_o may_v be_v especial_o effectual_a to_o this_o purpose_n be_v that_o invention_n of_o which_o sulpitius_n make_v use_v against_o the_o french_a be_v draw_v up_o and_o ready_a to_o engage_v the_o enemy_n he_o cause_v all_o the_o servant_n and_o refuse_v of_o his_o army_n to_o be_v arm_v and_o mount_v upon_o the_o mule_n and_o horse_n belong_v to_o the_o baggage_n and_o have_v furnish_v they_o so_o formal_o with_o colour_n and_o trumpet_n that_o they_o appear_v a_o complete_a body_n of_o horse_n he_o dispose_v they_o behind_o a_o hill_n where_o
thousand_o unexpected_a accident_n fall_v in_o to_o hasten_v its_o destruction_n chap._n xviii_o nothing_o be_v more_o honourable_a in_o a_o general_n than_o to_o foresee_v the_o design_n of_o his_o enemy_n it_o be_v the_o say_n of_o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a that_o no_o one_o quality_n be_v more_o useful_a and_o necessary_a in_o a_o general_n than_o to_o be_v able_a to_o know_v the_o resolution_n and_o design_n of_o his_o enemy_n and_o discover_v that_o by_o conjecture_n which_o he_o can_v not_o do_v by_o any_o certain_a intelligence_n nor_o be_v it_o difficult_a only_o to_o understand_v his_o design_n but_o his_o action_n and_o of_o those_o action_n not_o only_o such_o as_o be_v perform_v private_o or_o at_o a_o distance_n but_o such_o as_o be_v do_v as_o it_o be_v before_o his_o face_n for_o it_o many_o time_n fall_v out_o that_o when_o a_o battle_n continue_v till_o night_n he_o who_o have_v the_o better_a believe_v he_o have_v the_o worst_a and_o who_o have_v lose_v all_o suppose_v he_o have_v the_o victory_n which_o mistake_v have_v put_v the_o general_n many_o time_n upon_o pernicious_a counsel_n as_o it_o happen_v betwixt_o brutus_n and_o cassius_n for_o brutus_n have_v defeat_v the_o enemy_n with_o his_o wing_n cassius_n suppose_v he_o have_v be_v lose_v and_o his_o whole_a body_n disperse_v kill_v himself_o in_o despair_n in_o our_o time_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o s._n cilicia_n in_o lombardy_n francis_n king_n of_o france_n come_v to_o a_o engagement_n with_o the_o swisser_n the_o fight_n continue_v till_o night_n a_o body_n of_o the_o swisser_n remain_v entire_a and_o hear_v nothing_o of_o the_o defeat_n and_o execution_n of_o their_o comrade_n conclude_v the_o victory_n be_v they_o which_o error_n be_v the_o occasion_n that_o they_o march_v not_o off_o as_o they_o may_v have_v do_v but_o keep_v their_o ground_n till_o the_o next_o morning_n at_o which_o time_n they_o be_v charge_v again_o and_o overthrow_v the_o same_o error_n have_v almost_o ruin_v the_o army_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o upon_o a_o false_a alarm_n of_o the_o victory_n of_o the_o swisser_n pass_v the_o po_n and_o advance_v so_o far_o that_o ere_o they_o be_v aware_a they_o have_v like_a to_o have_v fall_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o victorious_a french_a the_o like_a fall_v out_o of_o old_a in_o the_o camp_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o aequi_n sempronius_n the_o consul_n be_v command_v out_o with_o a_o army_n against_o the_o enemy_n and_o force_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n it_o continue_v till_o night_n without_o any_o visible_a advantage_n on_o either_o side_n night_n come_v on_o and_o both_o army_n sufficient_o spend_v neither_o of_o they_o retire_v to_o their_o camp_n but_o betake_v themselves_o to_o the_o neighbour_a hill_n where_o they_o believe_v they_o shall_v be_v more_o safe_a the_o roman_a army_n divide_v into_o two_o part_n one_o go_v with_o the_o consul_n and_o the_o other_o with_o tempanius_n the_o centurion_n by_o who_o courage_n the_o roman_a army_n be_v preserve_v that_o day_n the_o next_o morning_n the_o consul_n hear_v no_o more_o of_o the_o enemy_n retreat_v towards_o rome_n the_o aequi_n with_o their_o army_n do_v the_o same_o for_o both_o of_o they_o though_o they_o have_v be_v beat_v and_o march_v away_o without_o regard_v the_o loss_n or_o plunder_v of_o their_o camp_n it_o happen_v that_o tempanius_n be_v behind_o with_o his_o squadron_n and_o march_v off_o as_o the_o rest_n he_o take_v certain_a of_o the_o wound_a aequi_n prisoner_n who_o inform_v he_o that_o their_o general_n be_v go_v out_o of_o the_o field_n and_o have_v quit_v their_o camp_n upon_o enquiry_n find_v it_o to_o be_v true_a he_o enter_v into_o the_o roman_a and_o secure_v it_o but_o the_o enemy_n camp_n be_v give_v in_o prey_n to_o the_o soldier_n after_o which_o he_o return_v with_o victory_n to_o rome_n which_o victory_n consist_v only_o in_o have_v the_o first_o intelligence_n of_o the_o enemy_n disorder_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o two_o army_n engage_v may_v be_v each_o of_o they_o in_o the_o same_o distress_n and_o despair_n and_o that_o that_o army_n go_v away_o with_o the_o victory_n which_o have_v first_o notice_n of_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o other_o and_o of_o this_o i_o shall_v give_v a_o pregnant_a example_n of_o late_a day_n and_o at_o home_n in_o the_o year_n 1498_o the_o florentine_n have_v a_o great_a army_n in_o the_o country_n of_o pisa_n and_o have_v besiege_v that_o city_n very_o close_o the_o venetian_a have_v undertake_v its_o protection_n and_o see_v no_o other_o way_n to_o relieve_v it_o to_o divert_v the_o enemy_n and_o remove_v the_o war_n they_o resolve_v to_o invade_v the_o territory_n of_o the_o florentine_a to_o which_o purpose_n they_o raise_v a_o strong_a army_n march_v into_o their_o country_n by_o the_o val_n di_fw-it lamona_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o town_n of_o marradi_n and_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o castiglione_n which_o stand_v above_o upon_o a_o hill_n the_o florentine_n upon_o the_o alarm_n resolve_v to_o relieve_v maradi_n and_o yet_o not_o weaken_v their_o army_n before_o pisa_n whereupon_o they_o raise_v a_o new_a army_n both_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o send_v they_o thither_o under_o the_o command_n of_o jacopo_n quarto_n appiano_n lord_n of_o piombino_n and_o the_o count_n rinuccio_n da_fw-mi marciano_n the_o florentine_a army_n be_v conduct_v to_o the_o hill_n the_o venetian_a raise_v his_o siege_n before_o castiglione_n and_o retreat_v into_o the_o town_n the_o army_n be_v in_o this_o posture_n and_o face_v one_o another_o for_o several_a day_n both_o of_o they_o suffer_v exceed_o for_o want_v of_o all_o manner_n of_o provision_n at_o length_n neither_o of_o they_o be_v very_o earnest_a to_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n and_o each_o of_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o other_o distress_n they_o resolve_v the_o next_o morning_n to_o break_v up_o their_o camp_n and_o each_o of_o they_o to_o retire_v the_o venetian_a towards_o berzighella_n and_o faenza_n and_o the_o florentine_a towards_o casaglia_n and_o mugello_n the_o morning_n be_v come_v and_o the_o baggage_n send_v away_o before_o a_o poor_a woman_n happen_v to_o come_v into_o the_o florentine_a camp_n from_o marradi_n to_o see_v some_o of_o her_o relation_n who_o be_v in_o the_o service_n of_o the_o florentine_a by_o this_o woman_n the_o florentine_a general_n have_v notice_n that_o the_o venetian_n be_v go_v whereupon_o reassume_v their_o courage_n they_o alter_v their_o counsel_n pursue_v the_o enemy_n and_o write_v letter_n to_o florence_n that_o they_o have_v not_o only_o beat_v the_o venetian_n but_o make_v a_o end_n of_o the_o war._n which_o victory_n proceed_v from_o nothing_o but_o because_o they_o have_v the_o first_o news_n of_o the_o retreat_n of_o the_o enemy_n which_o if_o it_o have_v come_v to_o the_o other_o side_n as_o it_o do_v to_o they_o the_o consequence_n will_v have_v be_v the_o same_o and_o the_o florentine_n have_v be_v beat_v chap._n xix_o whether_o for_o the_o government_n of_o the_o multitude_n obsequiousness_n and_o indulgence_n be_v more_o necessary_a than_o punishment_n the_o roman_a commonwealth_n be_v perplex_v with_o the_o dissension_n betwixt_o the_o nobility_n and_o the_o people_n nevertheless_o their_o foreign_a war_n require_v it_o they_o send_v forth_o with_o their_o army_n quintius_n and_o appius_n claudius_n appius_n be_v rough_a and_o cruel_a in_o his_o command_n be_v so_o ill_o obey_v by_o his_o soldier_n that_o he_o be_v defeat_v and_o flee_v out_o of_o his_o province_n quintius_n being_n more_o gentle_a and_o benign_a be_v better_o obey_v and_o carry_v the_o victory_n where_o he_o be_v from_o whence_o it_o appear_v more_o conduce_v to_o the_o well_o govern_v of_o a_o multitude_n to_o be_v rather_o oblige_v than_o proud_a and_o pitiful_a than_o cruel_a however_o cornelius_n tacitus_n tell_v we_o and_o many_o other_o be_v of_o his_o mind_n in_o multitudine_fw-la regendâ—_n plus_fw-la paena_fw-la quam_fw-la obsequium_fw-la valet_fw-la that_o to_o the_o manage_n of_o a_o multitude_n severity_n be_v more_o requisite_a than_o mildness_n and_o i_o think_v both_o may_v be_v true_a to_o his_o distinction_n of_o companion_n and_o subject_n if_o those_o under_o your_o command_n be_v companion_n and_o fellow_n citizen_n with_o you_o you_o can_v secure_o use_v they_o with_o that_o severity_n of_o which_o tacitus_n speak_v for_o the_o people_n of_o rome_n have_v equal_a authority_n with_o the_o nobility_n be_v not_o to_o be_v use_v rugged_o by_o any_o man_n that_o be_v put_v over_o they_o for_o but_o a_o while_n and_o it_o have_v be_v many_o time_n see_v that_o the_o roman_a general_n who_o behave_v themselves_o amicable_o towards_o their_o soldier_n and_o govern_v they_o with_o mildness_n have_v do_v great_a thing_n than_o those_o who_o use_v they_o with_o austerity_n and_o
and_o say_v operae_fw-la pretium_fw-la est_fw-la audire_fw-la qui_fw-la omne_fw-la prae_fw-la divitiis_fw-la humana_fw-la spernunt_fw-la neque_fw-la honori_fw-la magno_fw-la locum_fw-la â—â—que_fw-la virtuti_fw-la putant_fw-la esse_fw-la nisi_fw-la effuse_n affluant_fw-la opes_fw-la it_o be_v pleasant_a to_o hear_v some_o people_n talk_v of_o râ—ches_n as_o if_o nothing_o in_o this_o world_n be_v comparable_a to_o they_o as_o if_o all_o honour_n and_o virtue_n depend_v only_o upon_o the_o estate_n cincinnatus_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v at_o plough_n in_o his_o farm_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o four_o acre_n of_o ground_n when_o the_o ambassador_n come_v to_o he_o from_o the_o senate_n to_o salute_v he_o dictator_n and_o to_o remonstrate_v their_o distress_n have_v receive_v their_o message_n he_o make_v no_o delay_n but_o call_v immediate_o for_o his_o robe_n come_v direct_o for_o rome_n raise_v his_o army_n and_o march_v away_o for_o the_o relief_n of_o minutius_n have_v defeat_v at_o the_o enemy_n and_o pillage_v their_o camp_n he_o will_v not_o suffer_v the_o army_n of_o minutius_n to_o participate_v in_o the_o prize_n tell_v he_o i_o do_v not_o think_v it_o reasonable_a that_o you_o shall_v have_v share_n in_o the_o prey_n who_o be_v so_o near_o be_v a_o prey_n yourself_o after_o which_o he_o degrade_v minutius_n of_o his_o consulship_n and_o make_v he_o only_o a_o legate_n with_o this_o expression_n you_o shall_v continue_v here_o in_o this_o station_n till_o you_o learn_v to_o behave_v yourself_o more_o like_o a_o consul_n the_o same_o dictator_n in_o the_o same_o expedition_n make_v l._n tarqvinius_n his_o master_n of_o his_o horse_n though_o he_o have_v none_o to_o be_v master_n of_o his_o own_o for_o his_o poverty_n be_v such_o he_o be_v force_v to_o serve_v on_o foot_n it_o be_v remarkable_a how_o in_o those_o day_n poverty_n and_o honour_n be_v not_o so_o inconsistent_a as_o now_o and_o that_o to_o a_o excellent_a and_o worthy_a person_n as_o cincinnatus_n be_v four_o acre_n of_o land_n be_v a_o sufficient_a estate_n in_o the_o day_n of_o aâ—tilius_n regulus_n poverty_n be_v in_o the_o same_o reputation_n for_o be_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n in_o africa_n and_o have_v conquer_v the_o carthaginian_n he_o make_v it_o his_o request_n to_o the_o senate_n that_o he_o may_v be_v permit_v to_o come_v home_o and_o husband_n his_o own_o farm_n which_o his_o servant_n have_v neglect_v and_o this_o frugallty_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v exceed_o wonderful_a for_o look_v for_o nothing_o but_o praise_n and_o honour_n from_o their_o victory_n they_o bring_v all_o their_o prize_n into_o the_o public_a treasury_n and_o doubtless_o have_v regulus_n propose_v any_o thing_n of_o advantage_n to_o himself_o by_o that_o war_n he_o will_v never_o have_v be_v concern_v to_o have_v have_v his_o four_o acre_n neglect_v by_o his_o servant_n nor_o be_v the_o modesty_n and_o magnanimity_n of_o the_o roman_n less_o remarkable_a who_o be_v put_v into_o command_n and_o place_v at_o the_o head_n of_o a_o army_n think_v themselves_o above_o any_o prince_n no_o king_n no_o commonwealth_n be_v able_a to_o dismay_v they_o but_o when_o their_o commission_n expire_v and_o they_o be_v return_v private_o to_o their_o house_n no_o body_n so_o frugal_a no_o body_n so_o humble_a no_o body_n so_o laborious_a so_o obedient_a to_o the_o magistrate_n or_o respectful_a to_o their_o superior_n as_o they_o insomuch_o that_o one_o will_v have_v think_v it_o impossible_a the_o same_o mind_n shall_v have_v be_v capable_a of_o such_o strange_a alteration_n and_o this_o poverty_n continue_v till_o the_o time_n of_o paulus_n emilius_n which_o be_v the_o last_o age_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n happiness_n for_o though_o he_o by_o his_o triumph_n enrich_v the_o whole_a city_n yet_o not_o regard_v his_o own_o fortune_n he_o continue_v poor_a himself_o and_o poverty_n be_v in_o that_o esteem_n that_o paulus_n to_o gratify_v and_o encourage_v one_o of_o his_o sons-in-law_n who_o have_v behave_v himself_o brave_o in_o those_o war_n give_v he_o a_o silver_n cup_n which_o be_v the_o first_o piece_n of_o plate_n that_o be_v ever_o see_v in_o his_o family_n and_o here_o i_o have_v a_o fair_a occasion_n to_o enlarge_v upon_o poverty_n and_o show_v how_o much_o more_o useful_a it_o be_v to_o mankind_n than_o riches_n and_o how_o many_o excellent_a art_n it_o have_v produce_v and_o improve_v which_o riches_n and_o luxury_n have_v destroy_v but_o this_o have_v be_v treat_v of_o so_o ample_o by_o other_o people_n before_o i_o shall_v mention_v it_o no_o far_o at_o this_o time_n chap._n xxvi_o woman_n be_v many_o time_n the_o destruction_n of_o state_n in_o the_o city_n of_o ardea_n there_o be_v a_o great_a controversy_n betwixt_o the_o patricii_fw-la and_o the_o people_n about_o the_o marriage_n of_o a_o young_a lady_n who_o be_v a_o great_a fortune_n have_v a_o great_a many_o servant_n but_o more_o especial_o two_o one_o of_o they_o a_o patrician_n the_o other_o a_o plebeian_n her_o father_n be_v dead_a her_o guardian_n will_v needs_o bestow_v she_o upon_o the_o plebeian_n her_o mother_n be_v for_o the_o nobleman_n not_o agree_v among_o themselves_o it_o come_v to_o a_o tumult_n and_o by_o degree_n to_o blow_n insomuch_o as_o the_o whole_a nobility_n appear_v in_o arm_n for_o the_o one_o and_o all_o the_o people_n for_o the_o other_o the_o result_n be_v the_o people_n be_v beat_v out_o of_o the_o town_n and_o send_v to_o the_o volsci_n for_o aid_n the_o noble_n send_v to_o rome_n the_o volsci_n be_v ready_a and_o come_v first_o to_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o plebeian_n they_o clap_v down_o before_o the_o town_n they_o have_v not_o entrench_v themselves_o long_o but_o the_o roman_a army_n come_v upon_o their_o back_n and_o shut_v they_o up_o betwixt_o the_o town_n and_o they_o insomuch_o that_o they_o be_v quick_o distress_v and_o force_v to_o surrender_v at_o discretion_n the_o roman_n enter_v the_o town_n kill_v all_o that_o be_v accessary_a to_o the_o sedition_n and_o settle_v their_o affair_n in_o which_o passage_n there_o be_v many_o observable_a thing_n first_o we_o see_v woman_n have_v be_v the_o occasion_n of_o much_o desolation_n prejudice_n and_o dissension_n the_o rape_n of_o lucrece_n lose_v the_o tarquin_n their_o government_n the_o attempt_n upon_o virginia_n be_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o decem-viri_a and_o aristotle_n in_o his_o politic_n impute_v the_o abomination_n of_o tyranny_n to_o the_o injury_n they_o do_v to_o people_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o woman_n by_o their_o debauchment_n their_o violence_n or_o adultery_n as_o we_o have_v show_v at_o large_a in_o our_o chapter_n about_o conspiracy_n so_o that_o in_o the_o government_n of_o any_o kingdom_n or_o commonwealth_n those_o thing_n be_v not_o to_o be_v reckon_v as_o trifle_n but_o as_o the_o occasion_n of_o much_o mischief_n and_o be_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o be_v prevent_v before_o the_o rancour_n have_v take_v too_o deep_a root_n and_o be_v not_o to_o be_v cure_v but_o by_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o state_n as_o it_o happen_v to_o the_o ardeate_n who_o let_v it_o go_v so_o long_o among_o their_o fellow_n citizen_n that_o at_o last_o they_o come_v to_o a_o absolute_a division_n not_o to_o be_v compose_v nor_o settle_v but_o by_o foreign_a assistance_n which_o be_v always_o the_o forerunner_n of_o servitude_n and_o slavery_n chap._n xxvii_o how_o the_o civil_a discord_n in_o a_o city_n be_v to_o be_v compose_v and_o of_o the_o falsity_n of_o that_o opinion_n that_o the_o best_a way_n to_o keep_v a_o city_n in_o subjection_n be_v to_o keep_v it_o divide_v in_o the_o reconciliation_n of_o a_o city_n that_o be_v labour_v under_o civil_a dissension_n we_o be_v to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_a consul_n and_o observe_v their_o method_n in_o compose_v the_o distraction_n among_o the_o ardeate_n which_o be_v by_o cut_v off_o the_o chief_a actor_n and_o confiscate_v their_o estate_n and_o to_o compose_v the_o distraction_n of_o a_o city_n there_o be_v three_o way_n either_o by_o cut_v off_o the_o chief_a actor_n as_o the_o roman_n do_v by_o banish_v they_o the_o city_n or_o by_o force_v they_o to_o a_o accommadation_n upon_o such_o penalty_n as_o they_o shall_v be_v afraid_a to_o incur_v of_o these_o three_o way_n the_o last_o be_v most_o dangerous_a uncertain_a and_o unprofitable_a because_o it_o be_v impossible_a where_o much_o blood_n have_v be_v shed_v or_o much_o injury_n do_v that_o that_o peace_n shall_v last_v long_o which_o be_v make_v by_o compulsion_n for_o see_v and_o hear_v and_o converse_v with_o one_o another_o daily_a their_o animosity_n must_v of_o necessity_n revive_v and_o provoke_v they_o to_o new_a outrage_n by_o present_v they_o with_o new_a occasion_n of_o indignation_n and_o revenge_n and_o of_o this_o we_o can_v have_v a_o apt_a example_n than_o in_o the_o city_n of_o
but_o tell_v they_o quod_fw-la romani_fw-la si_fw-la vincuntur_fw-la non_fw-la minuuntur_fw-la animus_fw-la nec_fw-la si_fw-la vincunt_fw-la insolescere_fw-la solent_fw-la that_o 〈◊〉_d man_v be_v never_o deject_v by_o ill_a fortune_n nor_o elate_v by_o good_a the_o venetian_n act_v quite_o the_o other_o way_n who_o have_v get_v a_o little_a good_a fortune_n ascribe_v it_o to_o a_o wrong_a cause_n as_o if_o it_o have_v proceed_v from_o their_o own_o power_n and_o virtue_n have_v the_o insolence_n to_o call_v the_o king_n of_o france_n son_n of_o st._n mark_n and_o take_v a_o fancy_n that_o they_o shall_v bring_v their_o commonwealth_n to_o as_o great_a a_o condition_n of_o grandeur_n and_o power_n as_o the_o roman_n they_o despise_v the_o church_n and_o all_o the_o prince_n of_o italy_n beside_o afterward_o when_o their_o fortune_n begin_v to_o change_v and_o they_o receive_v a_o small_a defeat_n at_o vaila_n by_o the_o french_a they_o lose_v their_o whole_a empire_n in_o a_o day_n part_n revolt_v and_o part_n they_o give_v up_o themselves_o to_o the_o pope_n and_o king_n of_o spain_n and_o so_o much_o have_v they_o abandon_v themselves_o to_o fear_n and_o consternation_n that_o they_o send_v ambassador_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o make_v themselves_o his_o tributary_n and_o write_v poor_a and_o mean_a letter_n to_o the_o pope_n to_o move_v he_o to_o compassion_n and_o to_o this_o extremity_n of_o dejection_n they_o be_v bring_v in_o four_o day_n time_n by_o the_o loss_n but_o of_o one_o half_a of_o their_o army_n for_o the_o other_o of_o their_o proveditory_a retreat_v and_o come_v off_o safe_a to_o verona_n with_o more_o than_o 25000_o horse_n and_o foot_n so_o that_o have_v there_o be_v any_o courage_n either_o in_o the_o citizen_n or_o senate_n they_o may_v quick_o have_v recruit_v and_o show_v their_o force_n again_o and_o if_o they_o can_v not_o have_v conquer_v they_o may_v at_o least_o have_v lose_v all_o with_o more_o reputation_n or_o possible_o have_v bring_v the_o enemy_n to_o some_o honourable_a accord_n but_o the_o poorness_n of_o their_o spirit_n and_o the_o illness_n of_o their_o military_a discipline_n take_v from_o they_o at_o one_o time_n both_o their_o courage_n and_o state_n and_o so_o it_o will_v be_v with_o whosoever_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o the_o venetian_n for_o this_o insolence_n in_o good_a fortune_n and_o dejection_n in_o bad_a proceed_v from_o their_o manner_n of_o education_n which_o if_o vain_a and_o idle_a will_v make_v you_o so_o too_o whereas_o if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o it_o will_v give_v you_o a_o better_a notion_n of_o the_o world_n and_o teach_v you_o in_o both_o fortune_n to_o behave_v yourself_o with_o more_o moderation_n and_o as_o this_o be_v true_a in_o single_a person_n so_o it_o be_v in_o commonwealth_n which_o be_v good_a or_o bad_a according_a to_o their_o manner_n of_o live_v we_o have_v often_o say_v it_o before_o and_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o repeat_v it_o again_o that_o the_o foundation_n of_o all_o government_n consist_v in_o their_o military_a discipline_n and_o that_o where_o that_o be_v defective_a neither_o their_o law_n nor_o any_o thing_n else_o can_v be_v good_a for_o through_o the_o whole_a tract_n of_o this_o history_n it_o appear_v that_o there_o be_v a_o necessity_n your_o militia_n shall_v be_v good_a and_o that_o can_v be_v good_a but_o by_o continual_a exercise_n which_o you_o can_v be_v sure_a of_o unless_o it_o consist_v of_o your_o own_o subject_n and_o because_o you_o be_v not_o always_o in_o war_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a you_o shall_v be_v therefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a that_o they_o be_v exercise_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v by_o any_o but_o your_o own_o subject_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o charge_n camillus_n as_o be_v say_v before_o march_v out_o with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o tuscan_n but_o his_o soldier_n have_v have_v a_o sight_n of_o the_o enemy_n find_v their_o army_n so_o great_a that_o they_o be_v discourage_v and_o dismay_v and_o think_v themselves_o so_o much_o inferior_a that_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o fight_v theâ—_n camillus_n understanding_n this_o terror_n in_o his_o camp_n go_v up_o and_o down_o among_o the_o soldier_n and_o have_v reprehend_v their_o fear_n and_o say_v many_o thing_n to_o encourage_v they_o and_o drive_v that_o fancy_n out_o of_o their_o head_n at_o last_o without_o further_a direction_n come_v say_v he_o courage_n quod_fw-la cuique_fw-la didicit_fw-la aut_fw-la consuevit_fw-la faciat_fw-la do_v what_o you_o have_v be_v teach_v and_o accustom_v i_o desire_v no_o more_o from_o whence_o it_o may_v be_v collect_v that_o he_o will_v not_o have_v use_v those_o word_n have_v not_o his_o army_n be_v exercise_v before_o and_o that_o in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o well_o as_o war_n for_o no_o good_a be_v to_o be_v expect_v nor_o no_o general_n to_o trust_v himself_o to_o a_o unexperienced_a or_o undisciplined_a army_n which_o will_v certain_o be_v his_o ruin_n though_o he_o be_v as_o good_a a_o commander_n as_o hannibal_n himself_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v because_o when_o a_o army_n be_v engage_v the_o general_n can_v be_v present_a in_o all_o place_n to_o supply_v all_o defect_n and_o remedy_v all_o error_n so_o that_o he_o must_v necessary_o miscarry_v unless_o he_o have_v such_o person_n dispose_v up_o and_o down_o in_o the_o army_n as_o be_v capable_a of_o understand_v his_o mind_n and_o execute_v his_o order_n which_o be_v so_o the_o roman_a discipline_n be_v to_o be_v follow_v and_o the_o citizen_n of_o every_o city_n be_v to_o be_v enure_v to_o their_o arm_n in_o time_n of_o peace_n as_o well_o as_o war_n that_o when_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o fight_v they_o may_v not_o be_v at_o a_o loss_n or_o meet_v with_o any_o thing_n new_a or_o unaccustomed_a to_o they_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o will_v come_v to_o pass_v that_o they_o will_v not_o be_v surprise_v or_o terrify_v in_o any_o condition_n but_o retain_v still_o the_o same_o courage_n and_o sense_n of_o their_o dignity_n but_o where_o the_o citizen_n be_v undisciplined_a and_o rely_v more_o upon_o their_o fortune_n than_o experience_n their_o heart_n will_v change_v with_o their_o fortune_n and_o they_o will_v give_v the_o same_o testimony_n of_o themselves_o as_o the_o venetian_n have_v do_v chap._n xxxii_o the_o way_n which_o some_o people_n have_v take_v to_o prevent_v a_o peace_n the_o circei_n and_o the_o velitrae_n two_o of_o the_o roman_a colony_n revolt_v in_o hope_n the_o latin_a will_v have_v be_v able_a to_o defend_v they_o the_o latin_n be_v defeat_v and_o they_o frustrate_v of_o their_o hope_n it_o be_v the_o advice_n of_o several_a citizen_n that_o they_o shall_v send_v ambassador_n to_o rome_n to_o reconcile_v themselves_o to_o the_o senate_n but_o those_o who_o have_v be_v ringleader_n in_o the_o defection_n apprehend_v the_o punishment_n will_v fall_v heavy_a upon_o their_o head_n pervert_v that_o design_n and_o to_o run_v thing_n beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o term_n they_o incite_v the_o people_n to_o arm_v and_o invade_v the_o frontier_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o doubtless_o when_o prince_n or_o commonwealth_n be_v desirous_a to_o prevent_v a_o agreement_n there_o be_v no_o safe_a nor_o sure_a way_n than_o by_o run_v the_o people_n into_o some_o unpardonable_a offence_n that_o the_o fear_n of_o be_v punish_v may_v keep_v they_o averse_a from_o all_o overture_n of_o peace_n after_o the_o first_o war_n betwixt_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o roman_n those_o soldier_n which_o have_v be_v employ_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n in_o sicily_n and_o sardigna_fw-es as_o soon_o as_o the_o peace_n be_v conclude_v go_v over_o into_o africa_n where_o be_v deny_v or_o delay_v in_o the_o demand_n of_o their_o pay_n they_o take_v arm_n and_o put_v themselves_o under_o the_o command_n of_o two_o of_o their_o officer_n matho_n and_o spendio_n they_o plunder_v several_a of_o the_o carthaginian_a town_n and_o possess_v themselves_o of_o other_o the_o carthaginian_n to_o try_v all_o way_n before_o they_o come_v to_o extremity_n send_v asdrubal_n on_o of_o their_o principal_a citizen_n ambassador_n to_o they_o who_o have_v be_v former_o their_o general_n it_o be_v probable_a may_v have_v some_o authority_n among_o they_o asdrubal_n be_v arrive_v and_o matho_n and_o spendio_n desirous_a to_o put_v the_o soldier_n beyond_o all_o possibility_n of_o pardon_n persuade_v they_o that_o the_o best_a and_o most_o secure_a way_n will_v be_v for_o they_o to_o kill_v all_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o be_v prisoner_n with_o they_o and_o asdrubal_n among_o the_o rest_n whereupon_o they_o kill_v they_o all_o with_o a_o thousand_o circumstance_n of_o cruelty_n and_o torture_n to_o which_o piece_n of_o wickedness_n they_o add_v another_o by_o publish_v a_o edict_n import_v that_o all_o the_o carthaginian_n which_o shall_v be_v take_v for_o the_o
the_o goodness_n of_o their_o order_n give_v new_a life_n and_o courage_n to_o their_o man_n make_v they_o confident_a of_o victory_n and_o that_o confidence_n never_o suffer_v they_o to_o give_v ground_n till_o their_o whole_a order_n be_v break_v there_o be_v another_o sort_n of_o army_n which_o be_v act_v more_o by_o fury_n than_o discipline_n as_o in_o the_o army_n of_o the_o french_a and_o there_o it_o be_v quite_o otherwise_o because_o not_o succeed_v in_o their_o first_o charge_n and_o not_o be_v sustain_v by_o a_o well_o order_v courage_n that_o fury_n upon_o which_o they_o whole_o rely_v grow_v cold_a and_o remiss_a they_o be_v quick_o overthrow_v whereas_o the_o roman_n fear_v nothing_o of_o danger_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o good_a order_n and_o discipline_n without_o the_o least_o diffidence_n or_o question_n of_o the_o victory_n fight_v on_o still_o obstinate_o be_v animate_v with_o the_o same_o courage_n and_o agitate_a by_o the_o same_o ardour_n at_o last_o as_o at_o first_o and_o the_o more_o they_o be_v press_v the_o better_a they_o resist_v the_o three_o sort_n of_o army_n be_v where_o their_o be_v neither_o natural_a courage_n nor_o discipline_n and_o order_n as_o in_o our_o italian_a army_n now_o adays_o which_o be_v so_o useless_a and_o unserviceable_a that_o â—â—â—ess_n they_o light_v upon_o a_o enemy_n who_o run_v by_o some_o accident_n they_o be_v never_o like_a to_o have_v a_o victory_n and_o this_o be_v so_o obvious_a every_o day_n it_o need_v no_o example_n to_o prove_v it_o but_o because_o by_o the_o testimony_n of_o livy_n every_o one_o may_v know_v what_o be_v the_o right_a discipline_n and_o what_o be_v the_o wrong_n i_o will_v give_v you_o the_o word_n of_o papirius_n gursor_n in_o his_o reprimande_n to_o fabius_n the_o master_n of_o his_o horse_n his_o word_n be_v these_o nemo_fw-la hominum_fw-la nemo_fw-la deorum_fw-la verecundiam_fw-la hebeat_fw-la non_fw-la edicta_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la non_fw-la auspicia_fw-la observentur_fw-la sine_fw-la commeatu_fw-la vagimilites_fw-la in_o pacato_fw-la in_fw-la hostico_fw-la errent_fw-la immemores_fw-la sacramenti_fw-la se_fw-la ubi_fw-la valent_fw-la exauctorentur_fw-la infrequentia_fw-la deserantur_fw-la signa_fw-la neque_fw-la conveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la edictum_fw-la nec_fw-la discernatur_fw-la interdiu_fw-la noctu_fw-la aequo_fw-la iniquo_fw-la loco_fw-la jussu_fw-la injussu_fw-la imperatoris_fw-la pugnetur_fw-la non_fw-la signa_fw-la non_fw-la ordines_fw-la serventur_fw-la latrocinii_fw-la modo_fw-la caeca_fw-la &_o fortuita_fw-la pro_fw-la solenni_fw-la &_o sacrata_fw-la militia_n sit_v let_v they_o bear_v no_o respect_n or_o reverence_n either_o to_o god_n or_o man_n let_v neither_o the_o order_n of_o the_o general_n nor_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o auspex_n be_v observe_v let_v the_o loose_a and_o vagabond_n soldier_n infest_v his_o own_o country_n as_o much_o as_o the_o enemy_n let_v they_o forget_v their_o oath_n and_o disband_v as_o they_o please_v let_v they_o run_v from_o their_o colour_n as_o they_o think_v good_a and_o not_o come_v back_o when_o they_o be_v require_v let_v they_o fight_v hand_n over_o head_n without_o consideration_n of_o time_n or_o place_n or_o order_n of_o their_o officer_n let_v their_o rank_n be_v confuse_v and_o their_o colour_n desert_v in_o a_o word_n let_v their_o whole_a conduct_n be_v blind_a and_o fortuito_fw-la like_o thief_n rather_o than_o the_o solemn_a and_o sacred_a militia_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o this_o we_o may_v easy_o see_v whether_o the_o militia_n of_o our_o time_n be_v blind_a and_o fortuitous_a or_o whether_o it_o be_v solemn_a and_o sacred_a how_o far_o be_v it_o short_a of_o the_o old_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n which_o consist_v in_o exact_a order_n produce_v courage_n and_o constancy_n in_o the_o soldier_n and_o how_o far_o behind_o the_o french_a among_o who_o though_o their_o be_v not_o that_o just_a order_n and_o constancy_n yet_o there_o be_v courage_n enough_o chap._n xxxvii_o whether_o fight_v in_o small_a party_n or_o pickeer_v before_o a_o battle_n be_v necessary_a and_o how_o the_o temper_n of_o a_o new_a enemy_n be_v to_o be_v find_v without_o they_o in_o humane_a affair_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o there_o be_v not_o only_o a_o perpetual_a and_o unavoidable_a difficulty_n in_o carry_v they_o to_o their_o perfection_n but_o there_o be_v always_o some_o concomitant_a mischief_n so_o inseparable_a from_o it_o that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o arrive_v at_o the_o one_o without_o the_o other_o this_o be_v visible_a in_o all_o the_o action_n of_o mankind_n so_o that_o that_o perfection_n be_v acquire_v with_o much_o difficulty_n unless_o you_o be_v so_o favour_v by_o fortune_n that_o by_o her_o force_n she_o overcome_v that_o common_a and_o natural_a inconvenience_n and_o of_o this_o and_o duel_n betwixt_o manlius_n torquatus_n and_o the_o frenchman_n put_v i_o in_o mind_n where_o as_o livy_n tell_v we_o tantiea_n dimicatio_fw-la ad_fw-la universi_fw-la belli_fw-la eventum_fw-la momenti_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la gallorum_n exercitus_fw-la relictis_fw-la trepidè_fw-la castris_fw-la in_fw-la tiburtem_fw-la agrum_fw-la mox_fw-la in_o campaniam_fw-la transierit_fw-la the_o success_n of_o that_o duel_n be_v of_o so_o much_o importance_n to_o the_o success_n of_o the_o war_n that_o thereupon_o the_o french_a army_n draw_v off_o in_o a_o great_a fear_n into_o the_o tiburtine_n country_n and_o afterward_o march_v away_o into_o campania_n from_o whence_o i_o infer_v on_o the_o one_o side_n that_o a_o good_a general_n be_v to_o avoid_v any_o thing_n that_o carry_v but_o small_a advantage_n with_o it_o may_v have_v a_o ill_a influence_n upon_o his_o army_n to_o fight_v therefore_o in_o party_n and_o venture_v your_o whole_a fortune_n upon_o less_o than_o your_o whole_a army_n be_v rash_a and_o imprudent_a as_o i_o have_v say_v before_o where_o i_o dissuade_v the_o keep_n of_o pass_n on_o the_o other_o side_n i_o observe_v when_o a_o experience_a general_n come_v against_o a_o new_a enemy_n that_o have_v the_o reputation_n of_o be_v stout_a before_o he_o bring_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n he_o be_v oblige_v to_o try_v he_o by_o slight_a skirmish_n and_o pickeering_n that_o by_o so_o do_v he_o may_v bring_v his_o soldier_n acquaint_v with_o their_o discipline_n and_o way_n of_o sight_v and_o remove_v that_o terror_n which_o the_o fame_n and_o reputation_n of_o their_o courage_n have_v give_v they_o and_o this_o in_o a_o general_n be_v of_o very_o great_a importance_n and_o so_o absolute_o necessary_a that_o he_o who_o engage_v a_o unknown_a enemy_n with_o his_o whole_a army_n before_o he_o have_v make_v a_o essay_n of_o his_o courage_n run_v himself_o and_o his_o army_n into_o manifest_a danger_n valerius_n corvinus_n be_v send_v by_o the_o roman_n with_o a_o army_n against_o the_o samnite_n a_o new_a enemy_n with_o who_o they_o have_v never_o have_v any_o conflict_n before_o and_o livy_n tell_v we_o he_o send_v small_a party_n abroad_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o entertain_v light_a skirmish_n with_o the_o enemy_n ne_o eos_fw-la novum_fw-la bellum_fw-la ne_fw-la novus_fw-la hostess_fw-la terreret_fw-la lest_o his_o soldier_n shall_v be_v terrify_v with_o a_o new_a war_n and_o a_o new_a enemy_n but_o then_o the_o danger_n be_v that_o your_o man_n be_v overcome_v their_o terror_n shall_v be_v increase_v and_o that_o which_o you_o intend_v to_o animate_v shall_v discourage_v and_o dismay_v they_o and_o this_o be_v one_o of_o those_o good_a thing_n which_o have_v so_o near_o a_o conjunction_n with_o evil_n that_o it_o be_v no_o hard_a matter_n to_o take_v one_o for_o the_o other_o my_o advice_n therefore_o be_v that_o a_o wise_a general_n abstain_v from_o any_o thing_n that_o may_v strike_v a_o terror_n into_o his_o army_n for_o then_o the_o soldier_n begin_v to_o apprehend_v when_o they_o see_v their_o comrade_n kill_v before_o their_o face_n for_o which_o reason_n those_o pickeering_n and_o slight_a skirmish_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v by_o all_o mean_n unless_o upon_o great_a advantage_n or_o some_o more_o than_o ordinary_a hope_n of_o success_n again_o it_o be_v not_o his_o interest_n certain_o to_o defend_v any_o pass_n where_o he_o can_v upon_o occasion_n bring_v his_o whole_a army_n to_o engage_v neither_o be_v any_o town_n to_o be_v make_v good_a but_o such_o as_o be_v of_o importance_n to_o the_o subsistence_n of_o his_o army_n and_o without_o which_o both_o that_o and_o himself_o must_v be_v ruin_v and_o no_o such_o town_n be_v to_o be_v fortify_v but_o where_o not_o only_o a_o good_a garrison_n may_v be_v dispose_v and_o supply_v but_o where_o in_o case_n of_o a_o siege_n your_o whole_a army_n may_v be_v bring_v to_o relieve_v it_o other_o town_n be_v rather_o to_o be_v quit_v than_o keep_v for_o to_o abandon_v a_o town_n whilst_o your_o army_n be_v in_o the_o field_n be_v no_o disrepute_n to_o you_o nor_o discouragement_n to_o your_o soldier_n but_o when_o you_o lose_v a_o place_n that_o you_o undertake_v and_o every_o body_n expect_v you_o will_v defend_v that_o
abate_v much_o of_o your_o credit_n and_o be_v a_o great_a prejudice_n to_o you_o so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v with_o you_o as_o it_o be_v then_o with_o the_o french_a a_o trifle_a loss_n will_v endanger_v the_o whole_a war_n philip_n of_o macedon_n the_o father_n of_o perseus_n a_o martial_a prince_n and_o of_o great_a reputation_n in_o his_o time_n be_v invade_v by_o the_o roman_n quit_v and_o destroy_v a_o great_a part_n of_o his_o country_n which_o he_o suppose_v he_o shall_v be_v unable_a to_o defend_v as_o judge_v it_o better_o and_o more_o consistent_a with_o his_o honour_n to_o suffer_v it_o to_o be_v possess_v by_o the_o enemy_n as_o waste_v and_o neglect_a than_o to_o undertake_v and_o not_o be_v able_a to_o defend_v it_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o roman_n be_v in_o a_o very_a ill_a condition_n after_o the_o battle_n at_o cannae_n they_o refuse_v their_o assistance_n to_o several_a of_o their_o friend_n and_o ally_n give_v they_o leave_v to_o defend_v themselves_o if_o they_o can_v which_o resolution_n be_v much_o better_a than_o to_o attempt_v to_o defend_v that_o which_o be_v not_o in_o our_o power_n for_o in_o the_o first_o case_n we_o lose_v only_o our_o friend_n but_o in_o the_o last_o both_o our_o friend_n and_o ourselves_o to_o return_v therefore_o to_o our_o skirmish_n i_o say_v that_o when_o ever_o for_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o enemy_n or_o acquaint_v his_o soldier_n with_o the_o way_n of_o their_o sight_n a_o general_n be_v constrain_v to_o make_v use_n of_o they_o he_o be_v to_o do_v it_o with_o that_o art_n and_o advantage_n that_o he_o may_v run_v no_o hazard_n of_o be_v worsted_n or_o else_o to_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o marius_n which_o be_v the_o better_a way_n of_o the_o two_o who_o march_v against_o the_o cimbri_n a_o fierce_a and_o numerous_a people_n which_o have_v invade_v italy_n for_o prey_n and_o beat_v one_o roman_a army_n already_o observe_v his_o army_n to_o be_v afraid_a he_o think_v it_o will_v be_v necessary_a before_o he_o come_v to_o a_o general_a engagement_n to_o contrive_v some_o way_n or_o other_o to_o dispossess_v they_o of_o their_o fear_n whereupon_o as_o a_o wise_a officer_n he_o dispose_v his_o army_n more_o than_o once_o or_o twice_o in_o some_o secure_a place_n upon_o the_o road_n by_o which_o the_o cimbrian_a army_n be_v to_o pass_v from_o whence_o his_o man_n may_v have_v a_o view_n of_o their_o march_n and_o accustom_v themselves_o to_o the_o sight_n of_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o see_v they_o to_o be_v nothing_o but_o a_o confuse_a and_o disorderly_a multitude_n incommode_v with_o baggage_n and_o either_o very_o ill_o accoutre_v or_o utter_o unarm_v they_o may_v recover_v their_o spirit_n and_o grow_v impatient_a to_o be_v at_o they_o and_o this_o prudent_a invention_n of_o marius_n ought_v to_o be_v diligent_o imitate_v by_o other_o people_n lest_o they_o fall_v into_o the_o danger_n aforesaid_a and_o come_v off_o like_o the_o french_a qui_fw-la obrem_fw-la parvi_fw-la ponderis_fw-la in_o tiburtem_fw-la agrum_fw-la &_o in_o campaniam_fw-la transierunt_fw-la who_o upon_o a_o trifle_a accident_n despond_v and_o retire_v and_o because_o i_o have_v mention_v valerius_n corvinus_n in_o this_o chapter_n i_o shall_v make_v use_n of_o his_o word_n in_o the_o next_o to_o show_v how_o a_o general_n shall_v be_v qualify_v chap._n xxxviii_o how_o a_o generalis_fw-la to_o be_v qualify_v that_o his_o army_n may_v rely_v upon_o he_o as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o valerius_n corvinus_n be_v go_v with_o his_o army_n against_o the_o samnite_n a_o new_a enemy_n with_o who_o the_o roman_n have_v have_v no_o contest_v before_o to_o encourage_v his_o soldier_n and_o acquaint_v they_o with_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o samnite_n he_o enure_v his_o man_n to_o they_o by_o several_a small_a skirmish_n but_o lest_o that_o shall_v not_o do_v he_o make_v a_o speech_n to_o they_o before_o the_o battle_n remonstrate_v with_o all_o possible_a efficacy_n of_o word_n how_o little_a they_o be_v to_o value_v the_o enemy_n and_o how_o much_o they_o may_v expect_v from_o their_o own_o valour_n and_o his_o conduct_n livy_n bring_v he_o in_o with_o these_o word_n in_o his_o mouth_n which_o give_v we_o a_o exact_a character_n of_o a_o general_n in_o who_o his_o army_n may_v confide_v tum_o etiam_fw-la intueri_fw-la cujus_fw-la ductu_fw-la auspicioque_fw-la ineunda_fw-la pugna_fw-la sit_fw-la utrum_fw-la qui_fw-la audiendus_fw-la duntaxat_fw-la magnificus_fw-la adhortator_fw-la sit_fw-la verbis_fw-la tantum_fw-la ferox_fw-la operum_fw-la militarium_fw-la expers_fw-la aut_fw-la qui_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la tela_fw-la tractare_fw-la procedere_fw-la ante_fw-la signa_fw-la versari_fw-la media_fw-la in_o mole_n pugnae_fw-la sciat_fw-la facta_fw-la mâ—a_fw-la non_fw-la dicta_fw-la vos_fw-la milites_fw-la sequi_fw-la volo_fw-la nec_fw-la disciplinam_fw-la modo_fw-la sed_fw-la exemplum_fw-la etiam_fw-la ame_fw-fr petere_fw-la qui_fw-la hac_fw-la dextra_fw-la mihi_fw-la tres_fw-la consulatus_fw-la summamque_fw-la laudem_fw-la peperi_fw-la then_o you_o may_v see_v under_o who_o conduct_n you_o fight_v whether_o he_o that_o speak_v to_o you_o be_v only_o a_o magnificent_a boaster_n valiant_a in_o word_n but_o ignorant_a in_o whatever_o belong_v to_o a_o soldier_n or_o whether_o he_o be_v one_o that_o know_v how_o to_o manage_v his_o arm_n lead_v up_o his_o man_n charge_v in_o the_o head_n of_o they_o and_o behave_v himself_o manful_o in_o the_o very_a heat_n of_o the_o battle_n i_o will_v not_o fellow_n soldier_n that_o you_o shall_v follow_v my_o word_n more_o than_o my_o deed_n or_o take_v only_o my_o precept_n and_o not_o my_o example_n who_o with_o this_o hand_n have_v gain_v three_o consulship_n and_o immortal_a reputation_n which_o word_n if_o well_o consider_v be_v sufficient_a to_o instruct_v any_o man_n what_o course_n he_o be_v to_o take_v to_o make_v himself_o repute_v a_o great_a general_n he_o who_o act_v otherwise_o will_v find_v in_o time_n that_o that_o command_v however_o he_o come_v by_o it_o whether_o by_o ambition_n or_o fortune_n will_v rather_o abstract_a than_o add_v to_o his_o honour_n for_o it_o be_v not_o title_n that_o make_v man_n honourable_a but_o man_n their_o title_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v likewise_o that_o if_o great_a captain_n have_v be_v force_v to_o such_o unusual_a language_n to_o confirm_v the_o heart_n of_o a_o old_a veteran_v army_n when_o it_o be_v to_o fight_v with_o a_o new_a enemy_n how_o much_o more_o care_n and_o art_n be_v to_o be_v use_v in_o a_o new_a inexperienced_a army_n that_o never_o see_v a_o enemy_n before_o for_o if_o a_o strange_a enemy_n be_v terrible_a to_o a_o old_a army_n well_o may_v he_o be_v so_o to_o a_o army_n that_o be_v new_o raise_v and_o be_v never_o engage_v nevertheless_o all_o these_o difficulty_n have_v be_v overcome_v by_o the_o prudence_n of_o several_a captain_n as_o by_o gracchus_n the_o roman_a and_o epaminondas_n the_o theban_a who_o with_o new_a raise_v man_n defeat_v old_a veteran_v troop_n that_o have_v be_v long_o experience_v in_o matter_n of_o war_n and_o their_o way_n be_v to_o prepare_v they_o for_o some_o month_n by_o continual_a exercise_n and_o counterfeit_a battle_n by_o use_v they_o to_o their_o rank_n and_o hold_v they_o to_o strict_a discipline_n and_o obedience_n after_o which_o they_o advance_v against_o the_o enemy_n engage_v with_o great_a confidence_n and_o perform_v very_o well_o let_v no_o man_n therefore_o that_o be_v any_o thing_n of_o a_o soldier_n despair_v of_o make_v his_o army_n good_a if_o he_o have_v but_o man_n enough_o for_o that_o prince_n who_o abound_v with_o man_n and_o want_v soldier_n be_v rather_o to_o complain_v of_o his_o own_o laziness_n and_o imprudence_n than_o of_o their_o incapacity_n and_o dulness_n chap._n thirty-nine_o a_o general_n ought_v to_o know_v the_o country_n and_o how_o to_o take_v his_o advantage_n in_o the_o ground_n among_o the_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a in_o a_o general_n of_o a_o army_n the_o knowledge_n of_o coast_n and_o country_n be_v one_o and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o a_o general_n but_o in_o a_o exquisite_a and_o more_o particular_a way_n without_o which_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o do_v any_o great_a thing_n and_o because_o all_o knowledge_n require_v use_v and_o exercise_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o perfection_n so_o be_v it_o in_o this_o knowledge_n of_o place_n and_o if_o it_o be_v inquire_v what_o use_n and_o what_o exercise_n be_v require_v in_o this_o case_n i_o answer_v hunt_v and_o hawk_v and_o such_o like_a recreation_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o hero_n which_o ancient_o govern_v the_o world_n be_v say_v to_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o wood_n and_o forest_n and_o accustom_v to_o those_o kind_n of_o exercise_n for_o hunt_v beside_o the_o acquaintance_n which_o it_o give_v you_o of_o the_o country_n instruct_v you_o in_o many_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a in_o war_n
xenophon_n in_o the_o life_n of_o cyrus_n tell_v we_o that_o when_o cyrus_n go_v to_o invade_v the_o king_n of_o armenia_n assign_v several_a office_n and_o place_n to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o his_o army_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o questa_fw-la non_fw-la era_fw-la altro_fw-it ch'una_fw-la di_fw-mi quelle_fw-fr caccie_a le_fw-fr quali_fw-la molte_fw-it volte_fw-it havenano_n fat_a seco_fw-la that_o this_o expedition_n be_v no_o more_o than_o one_o of_o those_o chase_n which_o they_o have_v take_v frequent_o with_o he_o those_o who_o he_o place_v as_o scout_n upon_o the_o mountain_n he_o resemble_v to_o they_o who_o set_v their_o net_n upon_o the_o hill_n and_o those_o who_o be_v to_o make_v excursion_n upon_o the_o plain_a be_v like_o they_o who_o be_v employ_v to_o rouse_v the_o deer_n and_o force_v they_o into_o the_o toil_n and_o this_o be_v say_v by_o xenophon_n to_o show_v the_o resemblance_n and_o similitude_n betwixt_o hunt_v and_o war_n for_o which_o cause_n those_o kind_n 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general_n shall_v be_v a_o good_a orator_n to_o inflame_v or_o assuage_v the_o courage_n of_o his_o soldier_n as_o he_o have_v occasion_n for_o unless_o they_o can_v tell_v how_o to_o speak_v to_o a_o whole_a army_n there_o be_v little_a good_a to_o be_v expect_v and_o yet_o in_o our_o time_n this_o way_n of_o harangue_v they_o be_v quite_o lay_v aside_o look_v over_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o see_v how_o often_o he_o be_v put_v to_o it_o to_o speak_v in_o public_a to_o his_o army_n and_o have_v he_o not_o do_v it_o he_o will_v never_o have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v conduct_v it_o when_o lade_v with_o so_o much_o riches_n and_o prey_n through_o the_o desert_n of_o arabia_n and_o in_o india_n where_o it_o endure_v so_o much_o misery_n and_o distress_n for_o there_o be_v scarce_o a_o day_n but_o something_o or_o other_o happen_v that_o cause_n confusion_n and_o ruin_n to_o a_o army_n where_o the_o general_n be_v either_o ignorant_a or_o careless_a of_o speak_v to_o they_o the_o way_n of_o make_v speech_n to_o they_o take_v away_o their_o fear_n quicken_v their_o courage_n augment_v their_o confidence_n discover_v their_o cheat_n secure_v their_o reward_n remonstrate_v their_o danger_n and_o the_o way_n to_o avoid_v they_o in_o short_a by_o those_o kind_n of_o oration_n a_o general_n reprehend_v entreat_v threaten_v encourage_v commâ—nds_n reproach_n and_o do_v every_o thing_n that_o may_v either_o enhance_v or_o depress_v the_o passion_n of_o his_o man_n wherefore_o that_o prince_n or_o that_o commonwealth_n that_o shall_v design_n to_o establish_v a_o new_a militia_n and_o give_v it_o a_o reputation_n be_v to_o accustom_v his_o soldier_n to_o the_o harangue_n of_o their_o chief_a officer_n and_o to_o choose_v such_o officer_n as_o know_v how_o to_o accost_v they_o chap._n x._o certain_a consideration_n which_o encourage_v soldier_n and_o make_v they_o as_o virtuous_a as_o valiant_a fabritio_n the_o worship_n which_o the_o ancient_n pay_v to_o their_o god_n though_o they_o be_v false_a religion_n and_o the_o oath_n which_o be_v take_v before_o they_o be_v list_v in_o the_o army_n be_v in_o those_o day_n sufficient_a to_o keep_v their_o soldier_n to_o their_o duty_n for_o upon_o every_o misdemeanour_n they_o be_v threaten_v not_o only_o with_o such_o punishment_n as_o they_o be_v to_o expect_v from_o their_o officer_n but_o such_o as_o can_v be_v inflict_v as_o they_o think_v by_o nothing_o but_o their_o god_n which_o opinion_n be_v temper_v with_o other_o religious_a ceremony_n and_o superstition_n make_v all_o enterprise_n easy_a to_o the_o general_n of_o those_o time_n and_o will_v do_v so_o still_o be_v we_o as_o careful_a and_o observant_a of_o our_o religion_n as_o they_o be_v of_o they_o sertorious_a know_v how_o to_o make_v his_o advantage_n that_o way_n pretend_v conference_n with_o a_o white_a hart_n which_o as_o he_o give_v out_o among_o his_o soldier_n come_v from_o heaven_n to_o assure_v he_o of_o victory_n sylla_n to_o make_v his_o design_n the_o more_o credible_a pretend_v to_o discourse_n with_o a_o image_n that_o he_o have_v take_v out_o of_o the_o temple_n of_o apollo_n which_o direct_v he_o how_o he_o be_v to_o steer_v other_o have_v pretend_v dream_n and_o vision_n that_o have_v command_v they_o to_o fight_v in_o the_o day_n of_o our_o father_n charles_n the_o seven_o of_o france_n during_o his_o war_n with_o the_o english_a pretend_v to_o be_v advise_v by_o a_o maid_n that_o be_v send_v from_o heaven_n to_o give_v he_o instruction_n which_o maid_n be_v call_v the_o pucelle_n d'_fw-fr orleans_n and_o gain_v he_o many_o a_o victory_n there_o be_v other_o way_n of_o make_v a_o enemy_n contemptible_a agesilaus_n the_o spartan_a have_v take_v several_a persian_n stripe_v they_o naked_a and_o show_v they_o to_o his_o man_n to_o the_o end_n that_o see_v the_o delicacy_n and_o tenderness_n of_o their_o contexture_n they_o may_v have_v less_o occasion_n to_o fear_v they_o some_o have_v by_o design_n bring_v their_o man_n into_o extremity_n that_o they_o may_v be_v necessitate_v to_o fight_v as_o have_v take_v from_o they_o all_o hope_n of_o preservation_n but_o in_o victory_n which_o indeed_o be_v the_o sure_a and_o best_a way_n to_o make_v your_o soldier_n fight_n and_o to_o infuse_v courage_n into_o they_o and_o then_o this_o courage_n and_o obstinacy_n be_v high_o increase_v by_o their_o confidence_n in_o their_o general_n and_o their_o love_n to_o their_o country_n their_o love_n to_o their_o country_n be_v natural_a their_o confidence_n in_o their_o captain_n be_v more_o from_o his_o experience_n and_o conduct_n than_o from_o any_o thing_n else_o there_o may_v be_v many_o other_o obligation_n but_o none_o so_o strong_a as_o that_o which_o bind_v you_o either_o to_o conquer_v or_o die_v the_o five_o book_n chap._n i._n how_o
fight_v the_o whole_a army_n and_o every_o member_n of_o it_o may_v be_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o do_v it_o we_o have_v declare_v before_o when_o we_o discourse_v of_o put_v the_o company_n in_o order_n i_o will_v divide_v my_o artillery_n and_o place_n part_n of_o it_o without_o my_o right_a flank_n and_o the_o other_o without_o my_o left_a my_o light_a horse_n i_o will_v send_v before_o to_o scour_v the_o country_n my_o man_n at_o arm_n i_o will_v dispose_v part_n behind_o my_o right_a wing_n and_o part_n behind_o my_o left_a at_o about_o forty_o yard_n distance_n from_o the_o battalia_n and_o this_o general_a rule_n you_o be_v to_o observe_v by_o all_o mean_n in_o the_o draw_v up_o your_o army_n that_o your_o horse_n be_v to_o be_v place_v either_o in_o the_o rear_n or_o upon_o the_o flank_n for_o to_o place_v they_o before_o at_o the_o head_n of_o the_o army_n will_v occasion_v one_o of_o these_o two_o thing_n either_o they_o must_v be_v place_v at_o such_o distance_n that_o upon_o a_o repulse_n they_o may_v have_v space_n and_o time_n enough_o to_o wheel_v of_o without_o fall_v foul_a upon_o the_o foot_n or_o else_o draw_v up_o the_o foot_n with_o such_o interval_n that_o the_o horse_n may_v pass_v thorough_a without_o put_v they_o into_o disorder_n certain_o no_o body_n ought_v to_o look_v upon_o this_o as_o a_o thing_n of_o small_a importance_n for_o many_o have_v be_v ruin_v and_o rout_v by_o their_o own_o man_n for_o want_v of_o timely_a consideration_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o business_n the_o carriage_n and_o the_o people_n unarm_v be_v place_v in_o the_o void_a place_n of_o the_o army_n and_o so_o dispose_v that_o there_o be_v passage_n leave_v for_o any_o to_o pass_v from_o one_o part_n of_o the_o army_n to_o another_o these_o company_n without_o the_o horse_n and_o artillery_n do_v take_v up_o a_o space_n of_o 282_o yard_n and_o because_o this_o square_n consist_v of_o two_o battalion_n it_o be_v convenient_a to_o 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itself_o on_o all_o side_n fabr._n have_v put_v your_o army_n into_o this_o posture_n you_o be_v to_o cause_v it_o to_o march_v and_o in_o its_o march_n observe_v the_o same_o order_n for_o without_o doubt_v it_o be_v safe_a enough_o against_o the_o tumult_n and_o incursion_n of_o the_o peasant_n against_o which_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o the_o colonel_n command_v out_o party_n of_o horse_n or_o certain_a company_n of_o his_o velite_n to_o repel_v they_o nor_o be_v there_o any_o danger_n that_o those_o kind_n of_o people_n will_v ever_o come_v to_o handy_a stroke_n with_o you_o for_o man_n without_o order_n be_v always_o fearful_a of_o man_n in_o order_n and_o '_o it_o be_v the_o practice_n of_o such_o people_n to_o alarm_n you_o with_o great_a shout_n and_o cry_n but_o never_o to_o come_v near_o like_o little_a cur_n that_o bark_v at_o a_o mastiff_n but_o keep_v far_o enough_o off_o when_o hannibal_n invade_v italy_n with_o so_o much_o detriment_n to_o the_o roman_n he_o pass_v through_o france_n be_v frequent_o infest_a by_o the_o boar_n but_o he_o value_v they_o not_o but_o it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a to_o have_v your_o army_n in_o this_o order_n but_o if_o you_o intend_v to_o march_v you_o must_v have_v pioner_n and_o such_o kind_n of_o people_n to_o plain_a the_o way_n make_v your_o intrenchment_n etc._n etc._n and_o these_o pioner_n be_v to_o be_v secure_v by_o the_o horse_n which_o you_o send_v up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n in_o this_o order_n a_o army_n may_v march_v ten_o mile_n a_o day_n and_o be_v time_n enough_o at_o their_o journey_n end_n to_o sup_v and_o take_v up_o their_o quarter_n by_o daylight_n for_o many_o time_n a_o army_n will_v march_v in_o one_o day_n twenty_o mile_n but_o if_o it_o happen_v to_o be_v attack_v by_o a_o form_a army_n it_o can_v be_v so_o sudden_a but_o you_o will_v have_v time_n to_o put_v yourself_o into_o a_o posture_n of_o defence_n because_o a_o orderly_a army_n march_v slow_o and_o you_o will_v have_v leisure_n to_o draw_v yourself_o up_o in_o battalion_n and_o put_v your_o army_n either_o into_o the_o same_o figure_n i_o have_v prescribe_v or_o into_o such_o another_o if_o you_o be_v assault_v in_o the_o van_n you_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o bring_v your_o artillery_n thither_o out_o of_o the_o flank_n and_o bring_v your_o horse_n out_o of_o the_o rear_n into_o the_o van_n to_o put_v they_o into_o the_o same_o place_n and_o distance_n as_o i_o have_v direct_v the_o 1000_o velite_n which_o be_v before_o may_v advance_v divide_v themselves_o into_o two_o party_n of_o five_o hundred_o a_o piece_n and_o enter_v into_o their_o own_o place_n betwixt_o the_o horse_n and_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n and_o then_o into_o their_o place_n be_v to_o succeed_v the_o two_o company_n of_o pike_n extraordinary_a which_o i_o place_v before_o in_o the_o great_a vacuity_n of_o the_o army_n the_o 1000_o velite_n in_o the_o rear_n be_v to_o remove_v from_o their_o post_n and_o divide_v themselves_o repair_v to_o the_o two_o flank_n and_o fortify_v they_o and_o by_o the_o space_n and_o chasm_n which_o they_o leave_v at_o their_o departure_n the_o carriage_n may_v march_v out_o and_o all_o those_o who_o be_v unarm_v and_o put_v themselves_o behind_o in_o the_o rear_n the_o space_n in_o the_o middle_n be_v now_o void_a and_o every_o man_n in_o his_o place_n the_o five_o battalia_n which_o i_o order_v behind_o the_o army_n may_v advance_v by_o the_o void_a space_n betwixt_o the_o two_o flank_n and_o march_v towards_o those_o in_o the_o van._n three_o of_o they_o may_v march_v up_o within_o 40_o yard_n with_o equal_a interval_n betwixt_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o and_o the_o other_o two_o may_v remain_v behind_o at_o the_o same_o distance_n of_o forty_o yard_n this_o be_v a_o form_n that_o may_v be_v order_v on_o a_o sudden_a and_o have_v some_o resemblance_n with_o the_o first_o model_n of_o a_o army_n which_o we_o recommend_v before_o for_o think_v it_o be_v straight_a in_o the_o front_n it_o be_v firm_a in_o the_o flank_n and_o by_o consequence_n strong_a but_o because_o the_o five_o battalia_n in_o the_o rear_n have_v pike_n with_o they_o for_o the_o reason_n abovesaid_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o cause_v they_o to_o advance_v to_o fortify_v the_o front_n of_o the_o army_n and_o therefore_o either_o you_o must_v cause_v your_o company_n to_o turn_v company_n by_o company_n as_o they_o be_v solid_a body_n or_o else_o pass_v they_o into_o the_o front_n through_o the_o file_n of_o the_o buckler_n which_o way_n be_v a_o better_a way_n and_o less_o disorderly_a than_o to_o cause_v they_o to_o wheel_n in_o whole_a company_n like_o a_o solid_a body_n and_o the_o same_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v do_v with_o those_o in_o the_o rear_n upon_o any_o assault_n as_o i_o have_v show_v before_o if_o the_o enemy_n present_v himself_o in_o the_o rear_n you_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o face_n about_o with_o your_o whole_a army_n and_o immediate_o the_o figure_n be_v alter_v the_o rear_n become_v the_o front_n and_o the_o front_n the_o rear_n after_o which_o you_o be_v to_o observe_v all_o the_o way_n of_o fortify_v your_o front_n as_o i_o have_v direct_v before_o if_o the_o enemy_n appear_v upon_o your_o flank_n your_o army_n be_v to_o face_n about_o to_o that_o side_n and_o do_v the_o same_o thing_n to_o strengthen_v your_o front_n so_o that_o your_o horse_n your_o velite_n your_o artillery_n may_v be_v in_o such_o place_n as_o be_v convenient_a for_o the_o make_n up_o that_o front_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o difference_n in_o this_o variation_n of_o front_n it_o be_v only_o this_o that_o some_o of_o those_o who_o be_v to_o remove_v have_v far_o to_o
advance_v than_o other_o nevertheless_o in_o make_v a_o front_n of_o your_o right_a flank_n your_o velite_n be_v to_o enter_v into_o the_o interval_n betwixt_o the_o wing_n of_o the_o army_n and_o the_o horse_n shall_v approach_v to_o the_o left_a flank_n into_o who_o place_n the_o two_o company_n of_o pike_n extraordinary_a which_o be_v place_v in_o the_o middle_a shall_v succeed_v but_o the_o carriage_n shall_v remove_v and_o the_o unarm_a people_n by_o the_o great_a space_n and_o overture_n that_o be_v make_v and_o retire_v behind_o the_o left_a flank_n which_o be_v now_o become_v the_o rear_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n and_o the_o other_o velite_n who_o be_v place_v in_o the_o rear_n at_o first_o be_v not_o to_o budge_v in_o this_o case_n because_o that_o place_n shall_v not_o remain_v open_a be_v of_o the_o rear_n become_v the_o flank_n all_o other_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v do_v as_o in_o my_o first_o direction_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o front_n what_o be_v say_v before_o of_o 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upon_o he_o the_o office_n of_o demand_v and_o that_o i_o lay_v it_o down_o by_o do_v so_o we_o shall_v seem_v to_o imitate_v the_o good_a general_n of_o old_a who_o as_o i_o have_v be_v teach_v by_o seignor_n fabritio_n do_v usual_o place_v the_o valiant_a of_o their_o soldier_n in_o the_o front_n and_o in_o the_o rear_n of_o the_o army_n conceive_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v those_o in_o the_o van_n who_o will_v begin_v the_o fight_n brave_o and_o such_o in_o the_o rear_n as_o will_v brave_o maintain_v it_o and_o as_o cosimo_n begin_v this_o discourse_n with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o prudence_n so_o battista_n may_v finish_v it_o with_o the_o same_o luigi_n and_o i_o have_v bear_v the_o brunt_n in_o the_o middle_a as_o well_o as_o we_o can_v and_o see_v hitherto_o every_o man_n
what_o street_n and_o in_o what_o quarter_n he_o may_v find_v his_o tent._n this_o must_v be_v observable_a in_o all_o time_n and_o place_n and_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o it_o may_v seem_v a_o move_a city_n which_o wherever_o it_o move_v carry_v with_o it_o the_o same_o gate_n the_o same_o street_n the_o same_o house_n and_o the_o same_o figure_n which_o be_v a_o thing_n that_o can_v be_v practise_v by_o those_o who_o make_v choice_n of_o place_n of_o natural_a strength_n for_o they_o must_v frame_v their_o camp_n according_a to_o the_o variety_n of_o the_o situation_n but_o the_o roman_n fortify_v their_o camp_n with_o trench_n and_o rampart_n and_o mount_n for_o they_o leave_v a_o good_a space_n round_o about_o their_o camp_n and_o before_o it_o they_o make_v a_o ditch_n common_o six_o yard_n wide_a and_o three_o yard_n deep_a they_o make_v these_o space_n great_a or_o less_o according_a to_o the_o time_n which_o they_o design_v to_o stay_v there_o or_o according_a to_o their_o apprehension_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o will_v not_o enclose_v my_o camp_n with_o stoccado_n unless_o i_o intend_v to_o winter_n in_o it_o i_o will_v have_v my_o trench_n and_o my_o parapet_n not_o less_o than_o they_o but_o big_a upon_o occasion_n upon_o every_o corner_n and_o side_n of_o the_o camp_n i_o will_v raise_v a_o kind_n of_o halfmoon_n from_o whence_o my_o artillery_n may_v play_v and_o flank_v any_o enemy_n that_o shall_v attempt_v the_o ditch_n in_o this_o exercise_n to_o understand_v how_o to_o mark_v out_o a_o camp_n your_o man_n be_v to_o be_v train_v frequent_o and_o your_o other_o officer_n be_v by_o practice_n to_o be_v make_v ready_a in_o design_v and_o your_o soldier_n as_o dexterous_a in_o know_v their_o own_o quarter_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o great_a difficulty_n in_o it_o as_o i_o shall_v show_v elsewhere_o for_o at_o present_a i_o shall_v pass_v to_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o camp_n because_o without_o they_o all_o the_o other_o pain_n and_o punctilio_n will_v be_v vain_a battista_n before_o you_o proceed_v to_o the_o guard_n i_o will_v be_v inform_v when_o you_o will_v pitch_v your_o camp_n near_o your_o enemy_n what_o method_n you_o will_v use_v for_o i_o can_v imagine_v that_o you_o shall_v have_v time_n enough_o to_o do_v it_o without_o manifest_a danger_n fabr._n you_o must_v know_v no_o man_n encamp_v near_o a_o enemy_n but_o he_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o fight_v when_o ever_o the_o enemy_n will_v give_v he_o opportunity_n and_o when_o the_o enemy_n be_v dispose_v to_o it_o as_o well_o as_o he_o the_o danger_n be_v no_o more_o than_o ordinary_a for_o two_o part_n of_o the_o army_n be_v draw_v out_o to_o fight_v and_o the_o three_o order_n the_o camp_n in_o this_o case_n the_o roman_n commit_v the_o fortification_n and_o order_n of_o their_o camp_n to_o the_o triarii_n whilst_o the_o principes_fw-la and_o hastaâ—i_fw-la stand_v to_o their_o arms._n and_o this_o they_o do_v because_o the_o triarii_n be_v to_o fight_v last_o have_v time_n if_o the_o enemy_n advance_v to_o leave_v their_o work_n stand_v to_o their_o arm_n and_o fall_v every_o man_n into_o his_o place_n you_o if_o you_o will_v imitate_v the_o roman_n must_v cause_v your_o camp_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o battalia_n in_o your_o rear_n which_o be_v instead_o of_o the_o triarii_n but_o now_o to_o the_o guard_n of_o the_o camp_n chap._n iii_o of_o the_o several_a watch_n and_o guard_n about_o the_o camp_n fabr._n i_o do_v not_o remember_v in_o history_n to_o have_v find_v that_o the_o ancient_n for_o the_o security_n of_o the_o camp_n in_o the_o night_n do_v ever_o make_v use_n of_o out_o guard_n or_o sentinel_n without_o the_o ditch_n as_o we_o do_v now_o the_o reason_n as_o i_o take_v it_o be_v because_o they_o think_v the_o army_n thereby_o may_v be_v easy_o surprise_v by_o the_o difficulty_n of_o discern_v their_o sentinel_n and_o scout_n beside_o their_o sentinel_n may_v be_v overpowred_n or_o corrupt_v by_o the_o enemy_n so_o that_o to_o rely_v upon_o they_o either_o in_o part_n or_o in_o whole_a they_o conclude_v will_v be_v dangerous_a wherefore_o all_o their_o guard_n be_v within_o their_o trench_n place_v with_o such_o diligence_n and_o exactness_n that_o it_o be_v no_o less_o than_o death_n for_o any_o man_n to_o desert_n his_o post_n how_o these_o guard_n be_v dispose_v by_o they_o i_o think_v it_o unnecessary_a to_o relate_v because_o if_o you_o have_v not_o see_v it_o already_o you_o may_v do_v it_o when_o you_o please_v only_o this_o i_o shall_v tell_v you_o in_o short_a what_o i_o will_v do_v in_o the_o case_n i_o will_v have_v every_o night_n one_o three_o of_o the_o army_n in_o arm_n and_o of_o they_o a_o four_o part_n upon_o the_o guard_n distribute_v all_o along_o the_o work_n and_o in_o all_o convenient_a place_n quite_o through_o the_o camp_n with_o a_o main_a guard_n in_o each_o of_o the_o four_o quarter_n of_o your_o camp_n of_o which_o a_o party_n shall_v remain_v constant_o upon_o the_o guard_n and_o another_o party_n shall_v petrole_v from_o one_o quarter_n to_o the_o other_o and_o this_o order_n i_o will_v use_v likewise_o in_o the_o day_n time_n if_o my_o enemy_n be_v near_o as_o for_o give_v the_o word_n and_o change_v it_o every_o night_n and_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v observable_a in_o the_o like_a case_n i_o shall_v pass_v they_o by_o as_o notorious_a and_o know_v one_o thing_n only_o i_o shall_v mention_v as_o be_v of_o importance_n and_o that_o which_o bring_v much_o advantage_n to_o any_o man_n that_o use_v it_o and_o as_o much_o disadvantage_n where_o it_o be_v neglect_v chap._n iu._n to_o observe_v who_o go_v and_o come_v to_o the_o camp_n fabr._n he_o who_o will_v be_v secure_a in_o his_o camp_n be_v to_o require_v notice_n with_o great_a exactness_n of_o all_o stranger_n that_o lodge_v in_o his_o camp_n and_o to_o have_v a_o strict_a account_n of_o all_o goer_n and_o comer_n and_o this_o no_o hard_a matter_n to_o do_v if_o the_o tent_n be_v but_o view_v all_o along_o as_o they_o stand_v in_o their_o order_n because_o every_o lodgement_n have_v its_o precise_a and_o definitive_a number_n and_o when_o you_o find_v they_o more_o or_o less_o than_o their_o proportion_n let_v they_o be_v examine_v and_o punish_v he_o who_o observe_v this_o course_n exact_o shall_v keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o practise_v your_o officer_n at_o least_o without_o great_a difficulty_n or_o from_o have_v knowledge_n of_o your_o affair_n have_v not_o the_o roman_n be_v very_o exact_a observer_n of_o this_o course_n claudius_z nero_n when_o hannibal_n lie_v so_o near_o he_o can_v never_o have_v steal_v so_o private_o from_o his_o camp_n in_o lucania_n and_o have_v march_v into_o la_fw-fr marca_n and_o back_o again_o before_o hannibal_n have_v miss_v he_o chap._n v._n of_o military_a justice_n and_o the_o method_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_n in_o the_o punishment_n of_o offender_n fabr._n but_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o contrive_v good_a order_n unless_o they_o be_v strict_o observe_v for_o severity_n be_v no_o where_o so_o requisite_a as_o in_o a_o army_n wherefore_o to_o keep_v your_o soldier_n to_o their_o duty_n strict_a and_o severe_a law_n be_v to_o be_v make_v and_o they_o be_v to_o be_v execute_v as_o strict_o the_o roman_n punish_v it_o with_o death_n to_o be_v absent_a from_o the_o guard_n when_o it_o be_v a_o man_n duty_n to_o be_v there_o it_o be_v no_o less_o capital_a to_o abandon_v the_o place_n assign_v he_o in_o battle_n to_o carry_v any_o thing_n private_o out_o of_o his_o quarter_n to_o boast_v and_o appropriate_v to_o himself_o some_o great_a exploit_n which_o he_o never_o do_v to_o fight_v without_o the_o general_n be_v order_n to_o throw_v away_o one_o arm_n in_o fear_n if_o at_o any_o time_n it_o happen_v a_o whole_a troop_n or_o company_n have_v offend_v in_o that_o nature_n they_o be_v all_o put_v to_o death_n but_o a_o imbursation_n be_v make_v of_o their_o name_n and_o draw_v they_o out_o by_o lot_n every_o ten_o man_n be_v execute_v and_o this_o way_n of_o decimation_n be_v use_v that_o though_o all_o be_v not_o actual_o sensible_a yet_o all_o may_v be_v affright_v but_o because_o where_o the_o punishment_n be_v great_a the_o reward_n ought_v to_o be_v proportionable_a that_o man_n may_v be_v as_o well_o encourage_v as_o deter_v they_o ordain_v recompense_n for_o every_o remarkable_a exploit_n as_o to_o he_o who_o in_o the_o fight_n save_v the_o life_n of_o a_o citizen_n he_o who_o first_o scale_v the_o wall_n of_o a_o enemy_n town_n he_o who_o first_o enter_v into_o the_o enemy_n camp_n he_o who_o wound_v or_o kill_v the_o enemy_n general_n or_o dismount_v he_o from_o his_o horse_n by_o this_o mean_v no_o signal_n act_n be_v
who_o be_v sick_a for_o a_o general_n will_v find_v himself_o overlay_v when_o he_o be_v at_o once_o to_o contend_v with_o a_o enemy_n and_o a_o disease_n but_o of_o all_o remedy_n nothing_o be_v so_o powerful_a as_o exercise_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v a_o custom_n among_o the_o ancient_n to_o exercise_v they_o continual_o think_v then_o of_o what_o importance_n exercise_n be_v when_o in_o the_o camp_n it_o keep_v you_o sound_a and_o in_o the_o field_n it_o make_v you_o victorious_a chap._n viii_o direction_n as_o to_o provision_n fabr._n as_o to_o famine_n you_o must_v not_o only_o have_v a_o care_n that_o the_o enemy_n can_v cut_v off_o your_o provision_n but_o you_o must_v consider_v from_o what_o place_n you_o may_v be_v supply_v and_o see_v that_o what_o you_o have_v already_o be_v not_o embezzle_v it_o be_v convenient_a therefore_o that_o you_o have_v with_o you_o always_o a_o month_n provision_n before_o hand_n and_o then_o you_o be_v to_o oblige_v your_o neighbour_n and_o friend_n to_o furnish_v you_o daily_o with_o more_o you_o must_v likewise_o have_v a_o good_a magazine_n for_o ammunition_n in_o a_o strong_a place_n which_o be_v to_o be_v distribute_v with_o great_a care_n give_v every_o man_n a_o reasonable_a proportion_n every_o day_n and_o keep_v such_o a_o eye_n over_o it_o that_o want_v of_o it_o may_v occasion_v no_o disorder_n for_o in_o matter_n of_o war_n every_o thing_n else_o may_v be_v repair_v in_o time_n but_o hunger_n the_o long_o it_o last_v will_v the_o more_o certain_o destroy_v you_o nor_o will_v any_o enemy_n that_o can_v master_v you_o with_o famine_n ever_o seek_v to_o attach_v you_o with_o his_o arm_n because_o though_o the_o victory_n be_v not_o so_o honourable_a it_o be_v more_o easy_a and_o secure_a that_o army_n therefore_o in_o which_o justice_n be_v not_o observe_v that_o army_n which_o squander_n and_o consume_v lavish_o as_o it_o please_v can_v so_o well_o barricado_n or_o fortify_v its_o camp_n but_o that_o famine_n will_v find_v the_o way_n in_o for_o where_o justice_n be_v neglect_v victual_n be_v not_o constant_o supply_v and_o where_o soldier_n be_v lavish_a and_o profuse_a though_o they_o have_v plenty_n it_o be_v quick_o consume_v for_o this_o cause_n among_o the_o ancient_n it_o be_v command_v that_o the_o soldier_n shall_v eat_v what_o be_v give_v they_o and_o at_o a_o prefix_a time_n for_o no_o soldier_n dare_v eat_v but_o when_o the_o general_n go_v to_o dinner_n but_o every_o body_n know_v how_o little_a this_o be_v observe_v in_o our_o day_n and_o if_o then_o the_o soldier_n may_v be_v just_o term_v sober_a and_o orderly_a they_o may_v now_o with_o as_o much_o justice_n be_v say_v to_o be_v licentious_a and_o debauch_a battista_n when_o you_o begin_v first_o to_o order_v your_o camp_n you_o tell_v we_o you_o will_v not_o confine_v yourself_o to_o two_o battalion_n but_o take_v four_o that_o you_o may_v show_v we_o how_o a_o just_a and_o complete_a army_n be_v to_o be_v lodge_v i_o desire_v therefore_o that_o you_o will_v satisfy_v i_o in_o two_o thing_n one_o be_v when_o i_o have_v either_o more_o or_o less_o than_o four_o battalion_n how_o i_o be_o to_o dispose_v of_o they_o the_o other_o be_v what_o number_n of_o soldier_n will_v suffice_v you_o to_o expect_v and_o engage_v any_o enemy_n whatever_o chap._n ix_o how_o to_o lodge_v more_o or_o less_o than_o four_o battalion_n and_o what_o number_n of_o man_n be_v sufficient_a to_o make_v head_n against_o a_o enemy_n be_v he_o as_o numerous_a as_o he_o may_v fabr._n to_o your_o first_o demand_n i_o answer_v that_o be_v your_o army_n compose_v of_o more_o or_o less_o than_o four_o or_o six_o thousand_o man_n you_o may_v increase_v or_o lessen_v their_o lodgment_n as_o you_o please_v and_o in_o the_o same_o manner_n you_o may_v proceed_v to_o less_o or_o more_o in_o infinitum_fw-la nevertheless_o when_o the_o roman_n join_v two_o consular_a army_n together_o they_o make_v two_o camp_n and_o turn_v the_o place_n of_o the_o unarmed_a man_n one_o against_o the_o other_o to_o your_o second_o demand_n i_o reply_v that_o the_o ordinary_a roman_a army_n consist_v of_o about_o 24000_o man_n but_o when_o by_o accident_n they_o be_v over-pressed_n with_o number_n they_o never_o exceed_v 50000_o with_o this_o number_n they_o oppose_v 200000_o gaul_n which_o assault_v they_o after_o their_o first_o war_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n with_o this_o number_n they_o oppose_v themselves_o against_o hannibal_n and_o you_o must_v observe_v that_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o greek_n always_o carry_v on_o their_o war_n with_o a_o few_o man_n fortify_v themselves_o with_o their_o good_a order_n and_o the_o excellence_n of_o their_o discipline_n whereas_o the_o eastern_a and_o western_a nation_n do_v all_o by_o their_o multitude_n but_o the_o western_a people_n perform_v all_o by_o their_o natural_a fury_n and_o the_o eastern_a by_o their_o submission_n and_o obedience_n to_o their_o king_n in_o greece_n and_o in_o italy_n where_o their_o natural_a fury_n and_o their_o natural_a reverence_n to_o their_o king_n be_v not_o so_o great_a it_o be_v necessary_a to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o discipline_n which_o be_v of_o such_o efficacy_n that_o it_o have_v make_v a_o small_a army_n prevail_v against_o the_o fury_n and_o natural_a obstinacy_n of_o a_o great_a i_o say_v therefore_o that_o if_o you_o will_v imitate_v the_o roman_n and_o the_o greek_n you_o be_v not_o to_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o 50000_o man_n but_o rather_o to_o be_v few_o because_o more_o do_v but_o breed_v confusion_n and_o hinder_v the_o order_n and_o discipline_n that_o you_o have_v learn_v pyrrhus_n use_v ordinary_o to_o say_v that_o with_o 15000_o man_n he_o will_v go_v through_o the_o world_n but_o let_v we_o pass_v now_o to_o another_o part_n of_o our_o discipline_n chap._n x._o certain_a artifices_fw-la and_o advertisement_n of_o war._n fabritio_n we_o have_v gain_v a_o battle_n with_o our_o army_n and_o show_v most_o of_o the_o accident_n which_o may_v happen_v in_o it_o we_o have_v cause_v it_o to_o march_v and_o discourse_v with_o what_o impediment_n it_o may_v be_v encumber_a in_o its_o march_n and_o at_o length_n we_o have_v bring_v it_o into_o its_o camp_n where_o it_o be_v to_o take_v not_o only_o a_o little_a repose_n after_o its_o travel_n and_o fatigue_n but_o consider_v and_o deliberate_v how_o it_o be_v to_o finish_v the_o war._n for_o in_o the_o camp_n many_o thing_n be_v transact_v especial_o there_o be_v a_o enemy_n in_o the_o field_n and_o town_n to_o be_v suspect_v of_o which_o it_o be_v good_a to_o secure_v yourself_o and_o to_o reduce_v such_o as_o be_v in_o hostility_n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o to_o come_v to_o some_o demonstration_n and_o pass_v these_o difficulty_n with_o the_o same_o glory_n and_o honour_n with_o which_o we_o have_v proceed_v thus_o far_o to_o descend_v therefore_o to_o particular_n i_o say_v that_o if_o many_o people_n or_o person_n have_v any_o thing_n in_o controversy_n betwixt_o they_o to_o your_o advantage_n and_o their_o own_o detriment_n as_o if_o they_o shall_v beat_v down_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n or_o send_v several_a of_o their_o citizen_n into_o banishment_n you_o must_v cajole_v they_o in_o such_o manner_n that_o none_o of_o they_o may_v think_v it_o have_v any_o relation_n to_o they_o to_o the_o end_n that_o neither_o of_o they_o relieve_v one_o another_o they_o may_v all_o of_o they_o be_v oppress_v without_o remedy_n or_o else_o you_o must_v command_v all_o of_o they_o what_o they_o be_v to_o do_v the_o same_o day_n that_o each_o of_o they_o believe_v himself_o particular_o command_v may_v think_v rather_o of_o obey_v than_o look_v out_o for_o a_o remedy_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v your_o command_n be_v execute_v without_o sedition_n or_o disorder_n if_o you_o suspect_v the_o fidelity_n of_o a_o people_n and_o will_v assure_v yourself_o of_o they_o and_o surprise_v they_o unaware_o you_o can_v do_v better_a than_o to_o communicate_v some_o design_n with_o they_o desire_v their_o assistance_n and_o pretend_v to_o some_o far_a enterprise_n without_o the_o least_o ombrage_n or_o suspicion_n of_o they_o and_o by_o do_v so_o not_o imagine_v you_o have_v any_o jealousy_n of_o he_o he_o will_v neglect_v his_o own_o defence_n and_o give_v you_o opportunity_n of_o effect_v your_o design_n if_o you_o suspect_v that_o there_o be_v any_o body_n in_o your_o army_n that_o give_v advice_n of_o your_o design_n to_o the_o enemy_n the_o best_a way_n to_o make_v your_o advantage_n of_o his_o treachery_n be_v to_o impart_v some_o thing_n to_o he_o which_o you_o never_o intend_v to_o do_v and_o to_o conceal_v what_o you_o intend_v to_o pretend_v doubt_n where_o you_o be_v perfect_o resolve_v and_o to_o conceal_v other_o thing_n that_o you_o have_v absolute_o determine_v by_o this_o
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as_o a_o ill_a omen_n and_o be_v the_o occasion_n of_o such_o fear_n in_o they_o that_o come_v afterward_o to_o a_o battle_n they_o be_v easy_o beat_v and_o therefore_o the_o general_n in_o time_n past_a when_o such_o a_o accident_n happen_v immediate_o give_v some_o reason_n for_o it_o and_o refer_v it_o to_o some_o natural_a cause_n or_o else_o wrest_v and_o pervert_v it_o to_o their_o own_o profit_n and_o advantage_n caesar_n pass_v over_o into_o africa_n tumble_v down_o upon_o the_o ground_n as_o he_o come_v out_o of_o the_o ship_n grasp_a the_o grass_n in_o his_o hand_n he_o cry_v out_o teneo_fw-la te_fw-la o_o africa_n africa_n you_o be_v i_o for_o i_o have_v you_o in_o my_o hand_n and_o several_a other_o have_v give_v reason_n according_a to_o their_o own_o interest_n for_o the_o earthquake_n and_o eclipse_n of_o the_o moon_n but_o in_o our_o day_n these_o artifices_fw-la can_v pass_v because_o our_o man_n be_v not_o now_o so_o superstitious_a and_o our_o religion_n explode_v such_o opinion_n as_o heathenish_a and_o vain_a but_o whenever_o we_o shall_v be_v so_o blind_a as_o to_o reassume_v those_o superstition_n we_o must_v revive_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o ancient_n chap._n xv._n that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o fight_v with_o a_o enemy_n reduce_v to_o despair_v and_o several_a art_n that_o may_v be_v use_v to_o surprise_v he_o fabr._n when_o famine_n natural_a necessity_n or_o human_a passion_n have_v bring_v your_o enemy_n to_o such_o despair_n that_o impel_v by_o that_o he_o march_v furious_o to_o fight_v with_o you_o you_o must_v keep_v within_o your_o camp_n and_o decline_v fight_v as_o much_o as_o possible_o you_o can_v the_o lacedaemonian_n act_v in_o that_o manner_n against_o the_o messeni_n caesar_n do_v the_o same_o against_o afranius_n and_o petreius_n when_o fulvius_n be_v consul_n against_o the_o cimbrian_o he_o cause_v his_o horse_n to_o attack_v the_o enemy_n for_o several_a day_n together_o and_o observe_v in_o what_o number_n they_o come_v forth_o to_o engage_v they_o he_o place_v a_o ambush_n one_o day_n behind_o their_o camp_n cause_v they_o again_o to_o be_v assault_v and_o the_o cimbrian_o issue_v forth_o in_o their_o old_a number_n to_o encounter_v they_o fulvius_n fall_v in_o the_o mean_a time_n upon_o their_o camp_n enter_v it_o and_o sack_v it_o some_o general_n have_v make_v great_a advantage_n when_o they_o lie_v near_o the_o enemy_n army_n to_o send_v out_o party_n with_o the_o enemy_n colour_n to_o plunder_v their_o own_o country_n for_o the_o enemy_n suppose_v they_o supply_v send_v to_o relieve_v they_o have_v issue_v forth_o to_o meet_v they_o and_o assist_v they_o to_o plunder_v whereby_o they_o have_v be_v put_v to_o disorder_n and_o give_v opportunity_n to_o the_o adversary_n to_o overthrow_v they_o alexander_n of_o epirus_n do_v the_o same_o against_o the_o sclavonian_n and_o leptene_n the_o syracusan_a against_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o both_o with_o success_n many_o have_v be_v too_o hard_o for_o 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to_o hear_v and_o descry_v the_o enemy_n have_v be_v the_o destruction_n of_o those_o who_o have_v send_v they_o for_o be_v often_o time_n surprise_v by_o the_o enemy_n they_o have_v be_v force_v to_o give_v the_o signal_n with_o which_o they_o be_v to_o call_v their_o own_o man_n and_o they_o come_v immediate_o according_a to_o the_o sign_n have_v be_v all_o kill_v or_o take_v prisoner_n to_o overreach_v and_o circumvent_v a_o enemy_n it_o be_v good_a sometime_o to_o vary_v your_o custom_n that_o the_o enemy_n depend_v upon_o it_o may_v be_v disappoint_v and_o ruin_v thus_o it_o happen_v with_o a_o general_n who_o be_v accustom_v to_o give_v the_o signal_n of_o the_o approach_n of_o the_o enemy_n in_o the_o night_n by_o fire_n and_o in_o the_o day_n time_n by_o smoke_n command_v that_o they_o shall_v make_v smoke_n and_o fire_n together_o without_o intermission_n and_o that_o when_o the_o enemy_n come_v they_o shall_v put_v they_o both_o out_o the_o enemy_n suppose_v he_o be_v not_o 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the_o victory_n he_o have_v gain_v and_o perhaps_o give_v it_o to_o the_o enemy_n he_o who_o make_v not_o provision_n of_o victual_n will_v be_v beat_v without_o a_o blow_n he_o who_o rely_v more_o upon_o his_o horse_n than_o his_o foot_n or_o his_o foot_n than_o his_o horse_n must_v accommodate_v himself_o to_o the_o place_n if_o you_o will_v know_v at_o any_o time_n whether_o you_o have_v any_o spy_n in_o your_o army_n you_o have_v no_o more_o to_o do_v but_o to_o command_v every_o man_n to_o his_o tent._n if_o you_o find_v the_o enemy_n have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o your_o design_n you_o must_v change_v they_o what_o you_o be_v to_o do_v you_o may_v advise_v with_o many_o what_o you_o be_v resolve_v to_o do_v communicate_v with_o few_o when_o soldier_n be_v in_o their_o quarter_n they_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v in_o order_n by_o fear_n and_o by_o punishment_n when_o in_o the_o field_n with_o hope_n and_o reward_n a_o good_a general_n never_o come_v to_o a_o battle_n but_o when_o necessary_a require_v or_o some_o great_a advantage_n invite_v he_o you_o must_v endeavour_v that_o your_o enemy_n may_v not_o know_v how_o you_o intend_v to_o draw_v up_o your_o army_n when_o you_o come_v to_o fight_v and_o let_v your_o figure_n be_v what_o it_o will_v be_v sure_a your_o first_o company_n be_v so_o order_v as_o that_o they_o may_v fall_v back_o into_o the_o second_o and_o both_o into_o the_o three_o when_o you_o be_v engage_v never_o employ_v any_o of_o your_o battalia_n about_o any_o thing_n but_o that_o to_o which_o you_o depute_v they_o at_o first_o if_o you_o will_v avoid_v put_v thing_n into_o disorder_n sudden_a accident_n be_v not_o easy_o prevent_v but_o those_o which_o be_v foresee_v be_v prevent_v without_o difficulty_n man_n arm_n money_n and_o provision_n be_v the_o nerve_n of_o war_n but_o the_o first_o two_o be_v most_o necessary_a because_o man_n and_o arm_n will_v find_v money_n and_o victual_n but_o money_n and_o victual_n can_v never_o find_v men._n the_o rich_a man_n unarm_v be_v but_o a_o prey_n to_o the_o soldier_n use_v your_o soldier_n to_o abominate_a luxury_n either_o in_o diet_n or_o clothes_n this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o can_v think_v fit_a to_o speak_v of_o in_o general_a though_o i_o be_o sensible_a other_o thing_n will_v have_v fall_v in_o well_o enough_o with_o my_o discourse_n as_o how_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n the_o ancient_n order_v their_o squadron_n how_o they_o be_v habit_v and_o how_o they_o exercise_v they_o in_o several_a other_o thing_n and_o i_o can_v have_v add_v several_a particular_n which_o i_o have_v not_o think_v necessary_a at_o this_o time_n because_o you_o may_v know_v it_o yourself_o and_o likewise_o because_o it_o be_v not_o my_o intention_n at_o first_o to_o show_v you_o exact_o how_o the_o ancient_a malitia_fw-la be_v constitute_v but_o how_o it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o our_o time_n for_o this_o reason_n i_o have_v think_v unnecessary_a to_o speak_v any_o far_a of_o those_o kind_n of_o antiquity_n than_o what_o may_v be_v serviceable_a to_o this_o introduction_n i_o know_v likewise_o i_o may_v have_v enlarge_v myself_o more_o about_o the_o exercise_v of_o horse_n and_o come_v afterward_o to_o discourse_n of_o sea-fight_n for_o to_o distinguish_v militia_n their_o army_n at_o sea_n and_o army_n at_o land_n army_n of_o foot_n and_o army_n of_o horse_n but_o of_o sea_n discipline_n i_o shall_v not_o presume_v to_o say_v any_o thing_n because_o i_o know_v nothing_o of_o it_o i_o shall_v leave_v that_o to_o be_v treat_v of_o by_o genovese_n or_o venetian_n who_o by_o their_o experience_n in_o that_o kind_n have_v do_v very_o great_a thing_n former_o nor_o shall_v i_o speak_v any_o far_a of_o horse_n than_o what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o because_o they_o be_v not_o so_o corrupt_a and_o disorderly_a for_o if_o your_o foot_n which_o be_v the_o strength_n of_o a_o army_n be_v well_o discipline_v and_o in_o good_a order_n your_o cavalry_n must_v be_v good_a of_o necessity_n chap._n xv._n the_o way_n to_o have_v many_o horse_n in_o your_o country_n fabr._n i_o will_v however_o remember_v he_o who_o be_v desirous_a to_o settle_v and_o establish_v a_o good_a militia_n in_o his_o country_n that_o to_o furnish_v it_o handsome_o with_o horse_n he_o shall_v do_v two_o thing_n one_o be_v that_o he_o shall_v distribute_v a_o certain_a number_n of_o good_a stallion_n up_o and_o down_o that_o the_o countryman_n may_v breed_v and_o drive_v a_o trade_n with_o foles_n and_o colt_n as_o you_o do_v in_o this_o country_n with_o calf_n and_o young_a mule_n the_o other_o be_v that_o there_o may_v not_o want_v chapman_n for_o the_o colt_n i_o will_v oblige_v every_o man_n that_o keep_v a_o mule_n to_o keep_v a_o horse_n and_o he_o that_o will_v keep_v but_o one_o thing_n for_o his_o saddle_n shall_v be_v enjoin_v to_o have_v it_o a_o horse_n beside_o i_o will_v constrain_v every_o man_n that_o wear_v cloth-clothe_n to_o keep_v a_o horse_n in_o his_o stable_a this_o order_n be_v take_v not_o long_o since_o by_o a_o prince_n of_o our_o time_n and_o succeed_v so_o well_o that_o in_o a_o short_a time_n he_o have_v a_o most_o excellent_a cavalry_n as_o to_o other_o thing_n relate_v to_o horse_n i_o refer_v you_o to_o what_o have_v be_v say_v this_o day_n and_o what_o have_v be_v practise_v of_o old_a chap._n xvi_o a_o general_n be_v to_o invent_v of_o himself_o and_o not_o follow_v altogether_o the_o practiec_n of_o his_o predecessor_n fabr._n but_o perhaps_o you_o will_v desire_v to_o know_v what_o part_n and_o qualification_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o a_o general_n and_o i_o will_v satisfy_v you_o in_o short_a for_o i_o can_v make_v choice_n of_o a_o proper_a man_n than_o he_o who_o understand_v all_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v recommend_v this_o day_n and_o yet_o that_o will_v not_o be_v sufficient_a unless_o he_o have_v ability_n to_o invent_v some_o thing_n of_o his_o own_o for_o never_o any_o man_n be_v master_n of_o a_o trade_n who_o have_v no_o invention_n of_o his_o own_o and_o if_o invention_n be_v honourable_a in_o any_o thing_n it_o be_v most_o certain_o in_o this_o this_o be_v manifest_a in_o all_o author_n who_o have_v constant_o applaud_v all_o sort_n of_o invention_n how_o slight_a and_o inconsiderable_a soever_o as_o appear_v by_o the_o great_a character_n they_o bestow_v on_o alexander_n the_o great_a for_o his_o wisdom_n in_o appoint_v a_o cap_n to_o be_v put_v upon_o the_o top_n of_o a_o lance_n as_o a_o signal_n for_o the_o dislodging_n of_o his_o army_n rather_o than_o to_o do_v it_o by_o sound_n of_o trumpet_n as_o former_o because_o it_o import_v he_o much_o that_o they_o shall_v remove_v private_o he_o be_v commend_v likewise_o for_o order_v his_o soldier_n upon_o a_o charge_n to_o fall_v down_o upon_o their_o left_a knee_n as_o a_o expedient_a that_o will_v make_v they_o receive_v the_o charge_n with_o the_o more_o strength_n and_o firmness_n which_o invention_n get_v he_o the_o victory_n and_o occasion_v he_o so_o much_o honour_n that_o all_o statue_n erect_v afterward_o in_o his_o honour_n be_v erect_v in_o that_o posture_n but_o because_o it_o be_v time_n to_o conclude_v our_o discourse_n i_o will_v leave_v where_o i_o begin_v to_o avoid_v the_o reproach_n which_o be_v incident_a to_o such_o person_n as_o when_o once_o straggle_v know_v not_o how_o to_o return_v chap._n xvii_o the_o author_n return_v and_o with_o a_o short_a discourse_n conclude_v his_o book_n fabr._n if_o you_o remember_v cosimo_n you_o tell_v i_o that_o you_o can_v not_o imagine_v the_o reason_n why_o in_o one_o place_n i_o shall_v commend_v antiquity_n and_o blame_v those_o which_o will_v not_o imitate_v it_o in_o great_a thing_n and_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o imitate_v it_o myself_o in_o my_o martial_a affair_n in_o which_o i_o have_v take_v much_o pain_n and_o spend_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o my_o time_n to_o which_o i_o answer_v that_o man_n who_o be_v to_o execute_v any_o thing_n be_v first_o to_o learn_v which_o way_n it_o be_v to_o be_v do_v that_o they_o may_v be_v afterward_o the_o more_o able_a when_o it_o come_v to_o operation_n now_o whither_o or_o no_o i_o understand_v how_o to_o establish_v a_o militia_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o the_o ancient_n i_o leave_v you_o to_o judge_v who_o have_v hear_v i_o discourse_n of_o it_o so_o long_o from_o whence_o you_o may_v imagine_v how_o much_o time_n have_v be_v spend_v in_o those_o thought_n by_o i_o what_o great_a desire_n i_o have_v have_v to_o bring_v they_o to_o effect_v and_o whether_o i_o have_v already_o or_o ever_o may_v have_v occasion_n to_o do_v it_o but_o to_o satisfy_v you_o far_o and_o justify_v myself_o i_o will_v give_v you_o the_o reason_n and_o
thereby_o observe_v my_o promise_n in_o some_o measure_n by_o show_v you_o the_o conveniency_n and_o inconvenience_n in_o such_o imitation_n i_o say_v then_o that_o no_o action_n this_o day_n among_o man_n be_v more_o easy_o execute_v according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o the_o ancient_n than_o military_a discipline_n but_o it_o must_v be_v among_o such_o prince_n as_o be_v able_a to_o bring_v together_o 15_o or_o 20000_o of_o their_o own_o subject_n against_o a_o enemy_n on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o difficult_a to_o such_o prince_n as_o have_v not_o that_o convenience_n and_o that_o you_o may_v comprehend_v it_o the_o better_a you_o must_v understand_v that_o general_n be_v commend_v upon_o two_o several_a account_n some_o be_v famous_a for_o that_o with_o a_o army_n order_v and_o prepare_v by_o their_o own_o natural_a discipline_n they_o have_v perform_v great_a thing_n so_o it_o be_v with_o most_o of_o the_o roman_a citizen_n and_o other_o who_o have_v the_o command_n of_o army_n who_o only_a task_n be_v to_o keep_v their_o soldier_n good_a and_o conduct_v they_o secure_o other_o have_v be_v not_o only_o to_o contend_v with_o and_o conquer_v the_o enemy_n but_o they_o be_v first_o to_o instruct_v and_o exercise_v their_o army_n and_o these_o doubtless_o be_v worthy_a of_o more_o praise_n than_o they_o who_o with_o their_o old_a and_o well_o experience_a soldier_n perform_v such_o exploit_n of_o this_o sort_n be_v pelopidas_n epaminondas_n tullus_n hostilius_n philip_n of_o macedon_n cyrus_n king_n of_o persia_n and_o gracchus_n the_o roman_a all_o those_o be_v force_v to_o model_n and_o discipline_n their_o army_n before_o they_o venture_v they_o to_o sight_n and_o all_o these_o be_v able_a to_o do_v it_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o own_o experience_n and_o that_o they_o have_v other_o person_n which_o be_v able_a to_o exercise_v their_o soldier_n as_o they_o desire_v nor_o will_v it_o ever_o have_v be_v possible_a that_o any_o of_o those_o general_n how_o good_a and_o excellent_a soever_o can_v ever_o have_v do_v any_o great_a thing_n in_o another_o province_n full_a of_o corrupt_a man_n unless_o it_o have_v be_v accustom_v to_o some_o honest_a obedience_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a then_o in_o italy_n to_o understand_v how_o to_o manage_v a_o veteran_n army_n but_o you_o must_v first_o know_v how_o to_o make_v and_o prepare_v it_o and_o then_o how_o to_o govern_v and_o conduct_v it_o again_o those_o who_o do_v this_o must_v be_v such_o prince_n as_o have_v great_a revenue_n and_o many_o subject_n in_o which_o number_n i_o be_o not_o to_o be_v reckon_v as_o one_o who_o never_o command_v nor_o never_o can_v unless_o it_o be_v foreign_a force_n under_o some_o other_o prince_n into_o which_o foreigner_n whether_o it_o be_v possible_a or_o not_o to_o insuse_v any_o of_o these_o thing_n of_o which_o i_o have_v discourse_v i_o leave_v you_o to_o judge_v how_o can_v i_o persuade_v a_o soldier_n of_o our_o day_n to_o carry_v more_o arm_n than_o he_o be_v accustom_v and_o beside_o his_o arm_n two_o or_o three_o day_n provision_n at_o his_o back_n and_o a_o spade_n or_o pickaxe_n at_o his_o girdle_n how_o can_v i_o prevail_v with_o he_o to_o work_v or_o dig_v all_o day_n to_o stand_v all_o day_n to_o his_o arm_n in_o counterfeit_a exercise_n that_o i_o may_v rely_v the_o more_o confident_o upon_o he_o when_o he_o come_v to_o it_o in_o good_a earnest_n how_o can_v i_o work_v upon_o he_o to_o abstain_v from_o play_n lasciviousness_n blasphemy_n and_o insolence_n which_o be_v their_o practice_n every_o day_n how_o long_o will_v it_o be_v before_o i_o can_v reduce_v they_o into_o such_o order_n such_o discipline_n and_o awe_n that_o if_o a_o apple_n tree_n be_v never_o so_o full_a and_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o their_o camp_n none_o of_o they_o shall_v venture_v to_o touch_v it_o as_o be_v many_o time_n read_v of_o the_o roman_a army_n what_o be_v it_o that_o i_o can_v promise_v they_o that_o may_v make_v they_o either_o fear_v i_o or_o love_v i_o when_o the_o war_n be_v end_v i_o shall_v have_v no_o far_o to_o do_v with_o they_o how_o can_v i_o make_v they_o sensible_a of_o shame_n who_o have_v be_v bear_v and_o breed_v without_o any_o how_o shall_v they_o pay_v i_o a_o respect_n who_o they_o do_v not_o know_v by_o what_o god_n by_o what_o saint_n shall_v i_o conjure_v they_o by_o the_o god_n which_o they_o adore_v or_o by_o the_o god_n which_o they_o blaspheme_v which_o it_o be_v that_o they_o adore_v i_o can_v tell_v but_o be_o sure_a they_o blaspheme_v they_o all_o how_o can_v i_o expect_v they_o shall_v keep_v their_o promise_n which_o they_o do_v hourly_o despise_v how_o can_v they_o who_o pay_v no_o honour_n to_o god_n express_v any_o to_o man_n what_o good_a discipline_n then_o be_v we_o like_v to_o imprint_v upon_o so_o deprave_v a_o mass_n if_o you_o object_v that_o the_o swisser_n and_o spaniard_n be_v good_a soldier_n i_o confess_v they_o much_o better_a than_o the_o italian_n but_o if_o you_o consider_v what_o i_o have_v say_v and_o the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v of_o both_o those_o nation_n you_o will_v find_v they_o come_v short_a in_o many_o thing_n of_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o swisser_n be_v become_v good_a soldier_n by_o natural_a practice_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o i_o have_v recommend_v and_o the_o spaniard_n by_o necessity_n for_o their_o war_n lie_v in_o foreign_a province_n where_o they_o be_v constrain_v either_o to_o overcome_v or_o die_v because_o they_o can_v never_o hope_v to_o get_v off_o by_o fly_v be_v grow_v good_a and_o yet_o their_o goodness_n be_v in_o many_o thing_n defective_a for_o their_o excellence_n be_v only_o to_o stand_v and_o receive_v the_o enemy_n at_o push_n of_o pike_n and_o the_o sword_n point_n beside_o their_o be_v not_o any_o man_n among_o they_o fit_a to_o instruct_v another_o in_o what_o be_v necessary_a much_o less_o if_o he_o be_v not_o of_o their_o own_o country_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o italian_n who_o have_v want_v wise_a prince_n have_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o good_a order_n and_o have_v want_v that_o necessity_n which_o be_v incumbent_a upon_o the_o spaniard_n they_o have_v not_o take_v it_o up_o of_o themselves_o so_o that_o now_o they_o be_v the_o very_a scorn_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o world_n not_o for_o any_o fault_n in_o the_o people_n but_o in_o their_o prince_n who_o thereby_o have_v be_v chastise_v for_o their_o ignorance_n and_o just_o punish_v for_o lose_v their_o territory_n so_o ignominious_o without_o any_o considerable_a resistance_n will_v you_o see_v that_o what_o i_o say_v be_v true_a consider_v what_o war_n we_o have_v have_v in_o italy_n since_o the_o expedition_n of_o charles_n 8_o to_o this_o day_n and_o although_o other_o war_n render_v soldier_n formidable_a and_o martial_a these_o war_n by_o how_o much_o they_o be_v more_o great_a and_o more_o furious_a by_o so_o much_o both_o officer_n and_o soldier_n become_v more_o dissolute_a and_o cowardly_a and_o this_o must_v necessary_o proceed_v from_o ill_a order_n which_o be_v not_o much_o better_a at_o this_o day_n and_o the_o misery_n be_v there_o be_v nor_o be_v none_o able_a to_o reform_v they_o do_v not_o think_v that_o there_o be_v any_o way_n to_o recover_v reputation_n to_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o italian_n but_o by_o this_o way_n that_o i_o have_v propose_v and_o by_o mean_n of_o such_o prince_n as_o have_v great_a territory_n there_o for_o this_o form_n may_v be_v imprint_v in_o man_n that_o be_v simple_a and_o plain_a and_o one_o own_o subject_n much_o soon_o than_o in_o such_o as_o be_v lewd_a and_o disorderly_a and_o stranger_n a_o good_a sculptor_n never_o expect_v to_o make_v a_o good_a statue_n out_o of_o a_o piece_n of_o marble_n that_o be_v mangle_v and_o have_v be_v ill_o handle_v but_o he_o will_v do_v well_o enough_o if_o it_o have_v never_o be_v touch_v our_o prince_n in_o italy_n before_o they_o be_v sensible_a of_o their_o war_n with_o the_o northern_a nation_n believe_v it_o be_v enough_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o know_v how_o to_o write_v a_o civil_a answer_n how_o to_o direct_v a_o letter_n with_o all_o its_o punctilio_n how_o to_o show_v himself_o witty_a and_o quick_a in_o his_o repartee_n how_o to_o juggle_v and_o dissemble_v how_o to_o dress_v himself_o handsome_o and_o dispose_v of_o his_o jewel_n to_o the_o best_a advantage_n how_o to_o eat_v and_o sleep_v in_o more_o state_n and_o magnificence_n than_o other_o people_n to_o have_v a_o thousand_o dalliance_n and_o pleasure_n about_o he_o to_o behave_v himself_o haughty_o and_o extort_v from_o his_o subject_n to_o live_v in_o idleness_n and_o ease_n to_o dispose_v of_o military_a command_n to_o their_o parasite_n to_o despise_v those_o who_o propose_v
miscarry_v in_o the_o expedition_n but_o it_o be_v more_o by_o the_o falsehood_n than_o gallantry_n of_o the_o enemy_n for_o rely_v too_o much_o upon_o their_o promise_n he_o be_v reduce_v to_o such_o distress_n for_o provision_n that_o he_o and_o his_o whole_a squadron_n be_v lose_v nevertheless_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o these_o exigence_n be_v in_o a_o open_a and_o champion_n country_n where_o there_o be_v no_o mountain_n no_o wood_n no_o river_n to_o shelter_v or_o ease_v they_o far_o from_o all_o relief_n and_o nothing_o leave_v to_o sustain_v they_o the_o foot_n bring_v themselves_o off_o under_o the_o command_n of_o m._n anthony_n and_o behave_v themselves_o so_o well_o in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o parthian_n themselves_z that_o their_o vast_a army_n of_o horse_n dare_v not_o venture_v upon_o they_o but_o to_o what_o purpose_n do_v we_o trouble_v our_o reader_n with_o example_n so_o remote_a we_o have_v testimony_n near_a home_n that_o will_v do_v it_o effectual_o we_o have_v know_v in_o our_o time_n 9000_o swizzer_n at_o novara_n attack_v 10000_o horse_n and_o as_o many_o foot_n be_v most_o gascoignes_n they_o never_o regard_v after_o this_o 26000_o swizzer_n set_v upon_o the_o king_n of_o france_n in_o milan_n who_o have_v with_o he_o 20000_o horse_n 40000_o foot_n and_o a_o hundred_o piece_n of_o artillery_n and_o though_o they_o do_v not_o vanquish_v he_o as_o at_o the_o battle_n of_o novara_n yet_o they_o fight_v he_o brave_o for_o two_o day_n together_o and_o though_o worsted_n at_o last_o yet_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o get_v off_o marcus_n regulus_n attilius_n place_v such_o confidence_n in_o his_o foot_n that_o he_o not_o only_o oppose_v they_o to_o the_o enemy_n horse_n but_o to_o their_o elephant_n and_o though_o his_o success_n do_v not_o answer_v his_o expectation_n yet_o it_o hinder_v not_o but_o that_o as_o great_a matter_n may_v have_v be_v expect_v from_o his_o foot_n so_o then_o whoever_o will_v defeat_v a_o body_n of_o foot_n well_o order_v must_v do_v it_o with_o another_o body_n better_o order_v than_o they_o or_o it_o be_v never_o to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n visconti_n duke_n of_o milan_n 16000_o swisser_n have_v make_v a_o descent_n into_o lombardy_n carmignuola_n the_o say_v duke_n general_n march_v against_o they_o with_o about_o 1000_o horse_n and_o some_o foot_n for_o not_o be_v acquaint_v with_o their_o way_n of_o fight_v he_o think_v they_o will_v have_v be_v sufficient_a but_o have_v fall_v upon_o they_o with_o his_o horse_n and_o be_v repulse_v with_o loss_n be_v a_o wise_a man_n and_o one_o that_o know_v how_o to_o frame_v himself_o to_o every_o accident_n he_o recruit_v very_o well_o march_v against_o they_o again_o and_o come_v to_o a_o engagement_n cause_v all_o his_o cuirassier_n to_o dismount_v and_o at_o the_o head_n of_o his_o foot_n fall_v on_o upon_o the_o swisser_n who_o be_v not_o able_a to_o resist_v they_o for_o the_o cuirassier_n be_v complete_o arm_v force_v their_o way_n into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o swizzer_n without_o any_o loss_n so_o as_o their_o whole_a army_n be_v defeat_v and_o cut_v off_o and_o none_o leave_v alive_a but_o what_o be_v preserve_v by_o the_o humanity_n of_o carmignuola_n i_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o many_o people_n be_v well_o enough_o satisfy_v in_o their_o judgement_n that_o foot_n be_v more_o serviceable_a than_o horse_n yet_o such_o be_v the_o infelicity_n of_o our_o time_n that_o neither_o ancient_a nor_o modern_a example_n nor_o the_o confession_n of_o those_o who_o have_v try_v they_o be_v sufficient_a to_o prevail_v with_o our_o prince_n to_o correct_v this_o error_n or_o to_o believe_v that_o to_o give_v reputation_n to_o the_o arm_n of_o a_o province_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o revive_v this_o order_n countenance_n their_o foot_n and_o see_v they_o well_o pay_v and_o then_o doubtless_o they_o will_v repay_v he_o by_o their_o noble_a exploit_n but_o they_o deviate_v from_o this_o way_n as_o they_o do_v from_o the_o rest_n and_o therefore_o no_o wonder_n if_o their_o conquest_n be_v more_o to_o the_o detriment_n than_o augmentation_n of_o their_o state_n chap._n xix_o the_o conquest_n of_o commonwealth_n that_o be_v ill_o govern_v and_o contrary_a to_o the_o model_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v conduce_v more_o to_o the_o ruin_n than_o advancement_n of_o their_o affair_n these_o false_a opinion_n of_o the_o use_n and_o excellence_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n be_v so_o root_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n and_o so_o confirm_v with_o ill_a example_n that_o no_o body_n think_v of_o reform_v our_o late_a error_n or_o restore_v the_o old_a discipline_n of_o the_o roman_n thirty_o year_n since_o who_o can_v have_v persuade_v a_o italian_a that_o 10000_o foot_n can_v have_v assault_v 10000_o horse_n and_o as_o many_o foot_n and_o have_v beat_v they_o yet_o this_o be_v do_v by_o the_o swisser_n at_o novara_n for_o though_o all_o history_n ring_v of_o it_o yet_o none_o of_o our_o people_n will_v believe_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o do_v now_o what_o be_v ancient_o do_v they_o object_v the_o excellence_n of_o our_o horse_n and_o say_v they_o be_v so_o well_o arm_v that_o they_o be_v able_a to_o repulse_v not_o only_o a_o body_n of_o foot_n but_o even_o a_o mountain_n or_o rock_n and_o by_o these_o kind_n of_o fallacious_a argument_n they_o deceive_v themselves_o not_o consider_v that_o lucullus_n with_o a_o few_o foot_n defeat_v 150000_o of_o tigranes_n horse_n and_o yet_o they_o have_v a_o sort_n of_o cuirassier_n among_o they_o like_o we_o this_o exploit_n of_o lucullus_n we_o have_v see_v act_v over_o again_o by_o the_o german_n in_o italy_n as_o if_o on_o purpose_n to_o convince_v we_o of_o our_o error_n which_o if_o princess_n and_o commonwealth_n can_v be_v persuade_v to_o believe_v they_o will_v commit_v few_o fault_n be_v more_o strong_a against_o the_o insult_n of_o the_o enemy_n and_o not_o place_v all_o their_o hope_n in_o their_o heel_n as_o they_o do_v at_o this_o day_n and_o those_o who_o have_v the_o government_n of_o any_o civil_a state_n will_v know_v better_o how_o to_o conduct_v and_o manage_v themselves_o either_o as_o to_o the_o enlargement_n or_o conservation_n of_o their_o dominion_n and_o find_v that_o league_n and_o confederacy_n rather_o than_o absolute_a conquest_n send_v colony_n into_o what_o they_o have_v conquer_v make_v public_a feud_n of_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o enemy_n to_o infest_v and_o perplex_v the_o enemy_n rather_o with_o excursion_n and_o battle_n than_o sieges_n to_o keep_v the_o public_a rich_a and_o the_o private_a poor_a and_o with_o all_o possible_a caution_n to_o keep_v up_o the_o discipline_n of_o the_o army_n be_v the_o way_n to_o make_v a_o commonwealth_n formidable_a and_o great_a these_o be_v the_o true_a way_n of_o enlarge_n a_o empire_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v uncertain_a or_o pernicious_a and_o if_o thereby_o any_o to_o who_o these_o way_n be_v not_o please_v they_o be_v by_o any_o mean_n to_o 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the_o first_o exercise_n to_o which_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v accustom_v that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o close_v and_o fall_v in_o one_o with_o another_o to_o do_v which_o it_o be_v convenient_a to_o train_v they_o often_o and_o use_v they_o to_o it_o every_o day_n luigi_n what_o mark_n and_o difference_n will_v you_o appoint_v for_o the_o standard_n of_o the_o whole_a army_n beside_o the_o number_n describe_v as_o aforesaid_a fabritio_n the_o lieutenant_z general_n be_v ensign_n shall_v have_v the_o arm_n of_o his_o general_n or_o prince_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n shall_v have_v the_o same_o arm_n with_o some_o variation_n in_o the_o field_n or_o colour_n as_o the_o prince_n shall_v think_v best_a for_o it_o import_v not_o much_o what_o their_o colour_n be_v so_o they_o distinguish_v one_o company_n from_o another_o but_o let_v we_o pass_v to_o the_o other_o exercise_n in_o which_o a_o army_n be_v to_o be_v train_v that_o be_v in_o its_o motion_n to_o be_v teach_v how_o to_o march_v 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gravity_n than_o fury_n into_o their_o soldier_n induce_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o carthaginian_n sound_v their_o charge_n upon_o the_o harp_n with_o which_o instrument_n they_o begin_v the_o fight_n aliatte_a king_n of_o lydia_n in_o his_o war_n make_v use_v of_o they_o both_o but_o alexander_n the_o great_a and_o the_o roman_n use_v horn_n and_o trumpet_n suppose_v the_o clangor_n and_o noise_n of_o those_o instrument_n will_v inflame_v the_o courage_n of_o their_o man_n and_o make_v they_o more_o valiant_a in_o fight_n but_o as_o in_o the_o arm_n of_o our_o army_n we_o have_v follow_v the_o way_n both_o of_o the_o greek_a and_o the_o roman_a so_o in_o the_o choice_n of_o our_o instrument_n of_o intelligence_n i_o will_v follow_v the_o custom_n both_o
perform_v but_o it_o be_v recompense_v by_o the_o consul_n and_o applaud_v public_o by_o the_o rest_n and_o those_o who_o receive_v any_o of_o these_o prize_n for_o any_o generous_a act_n beside_o the_o glory_n and_o fame_n which_o they_o acquire_v among_o their_o fellow_n soldier_n when_o they_o return_v home_o into_o their_o country_n they_o exhibit_v they_o to_o the_o view_n of_o their_o relation_n and_o friend_n and_o be_v receive_v with_o great_a acclamation_n it_o be_v not_o then_o to_o be_v admire_v if_o that_o people_n extend_v its_o empire_n so_o far_o be_v so_o far_o in_o their_o discipline_n and_o in_o the_o observation_n of_o their_o punishment_n and_o reward_n towards_o such_o as_o by_o the_o generosity_n of_o their_o action_n have_v merit_v the_o one_o or_o by_o their_o offence_n the_o other_o of_o which_o thing_n i_o be_o of_o opinion_n the_o great_a part_n shall_v be_v observe_v now_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o mention_v one_o of_o their_o punishment_n and_o it_o be_v this_o the_o criminal_a be_v convict_v before_o the_o tribune_n or_o consul_n be_v by_o he_o strike_v gentle_o over_o the_o shoulder_n with_o a_o rod_n after_o which_o the_o malefactor_n have_v liberty_n to_o run_v but_o as_o he_o have_v liberty_n to_o run_v so_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o soldier_n have_v liberty_n to_o kill_v he_o if_o they_o can_v so_o that_o immediate_o some_o throw_v stone_n at_o he_o some_o dart_n some_o stroke_n he_o with_o their_o sword_n some_o with_o one_o thing_n some_o with_o another_o so_o that_o his_o life_n be_v but_o short_a for_o seldom_o any_o escape_v and_o those_o who_o do_v escape_v can_v not_o return_v to_o their_o house_n but_o with_o so_o much_o ignominy_n and_o scandal_n that_o they_o have_v much_o better_o have_v die_v this_o sort_n of_o punishment_n be_v in_o some_o measure_n use_v still_o by_o the_o swisser_n who_o cause_v those_o who_o be_v condemn_v to_o pass_v through_o the_o pike_n which_o be_v a_o punishment_n well_o contrive_v 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condemn_v he_o to_o death_n this_o then_o be_v the_o true_a way_n of_o punish_v to_o prevent_v sedition_n and_o execute_v justice_n but_o because_o neither_o fear_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o reverence_n to_o man_n be_v sufficient_a to_o keep_v soldier_n to_o their_o duty_n and_o to_o a_o just_a observation_n of_o their_o discipline_n the_o ancient_n add_v the_o fear_n and_o authority_n of_o god_n for_o this_o cause_n they_o make_v their_o soldier_n to_o swear_v with_o great_a ceremony_n and_o solemnity_n to_o preserve_v their_o discipline_n that_o if_o they_o transgress_v they_o may_v be_v in_o danger_n not_o only_o of_o humane_a law_n but_o divine_a justice_n endeavour_v by_o all_o industry_n to_o possess_v they_o with_o principle_n of_o religion_n however_o they_o be_v false_a battist_n i_o pray_v satisfy_v i_o whether_o the_o roman_n permit_v any_o woman_n in_o their_o army_n and_o whether_o they_o suffer_v their_o soldier_n to_o game_n as_o we_o do_v now_o adays_o in_o we_o chap._n vi_o the_o ancient_n have_v neither_o woman_n nor_o game_n in_o their_o army_n and_o of_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o discamp_v fabr._n the_o roman_n allow_v neither_o the_o one_o nor_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o it_o require_v no_o great_a difficulty_n to_o prevent_v they_o for_o to_o speak_v truth_n the_o exercise_n to_o which_o they_o keep_v the_o soldier_n constant_o either_o in_o party_n or_o together_o be_v so_o many_o that_o they_o have_v no_o time_n either_o for_o dalliance_n or_o play_n nor_o for_o any_o thing_n else_o that_o can_v make_v they_o mutinous_a or_o unserviceable_a battista_n what_o you_o say_v please_v i_o very_o well_o but_o pray_v tell_v i_o when_o your_o army_n discamp_v what_o order_n do_v you_o observe_v fabritio_n the_o general_n be_v trumpet_n sound_v three_o time_n the_o first_o sound_n they_o take_v down_o the_o tent_n and_o the_o pavilion_n and_o pack_v they_o up_o the_o second_o sound_n they_o load_v their_o sumpter_n and_o the_o three_o they_o march_v in_o the_o same_o order_n as_o i_o say_v before_o with_o their_o baggage_n and_o train_n behind_o every_o battalion_n and_o the_o legion_n in_o the_o midst_n then_o the_o auxiliary_a battalion_n move_v and_o its_o baggage_n and_o train_n after_o it_o and_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o common_a baggage_n and_o train_n which_o shall_v consist_v of_o all_o those_o who_o be_v lodge_v in_o either_o of_o the_o quarter_n which_o i_o have_v show_v before_o in_o the_o description_n of_o my_o camp_n wherefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o each_o of_o the_o say_a quarter_n shall_v be_v assign_v to_o a_o battalion_n that_o upon_o the_o motion_n of_o the_o army_n every_o man_n may_v know_v in_o what_o place_n he_o be_v to_o march_v so_o that_o every_o battalion_n be_v to_o march_v with_o its_o own_o baggage_n and_o a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o common_a baggage_n behind_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n which_o the_o roman_a army_n observe_v in_o its_o march_n as_o you_o may_v understand_v by_o what_o we_o have_v say_v battista_n tell_v we_o i_o beseech_v you_o in_o the_o place_n of_o their_o camp_n do_v the_o roman_n use_v any_o other_o custom_n beside_o what_o you_o have_v relate_v chap._n vii_o the_o safety_n and_o health_n of_o a_o camp_n be_v to_o be_v regard_v and_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v besiege_v fabr._n i_o must_v tell_v you_o again_o that_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o encampment_n be_v so_o constant_a to_o their_o old_a method_n that_o to_o retain_v that_o they_o apply_v themselves_o with_o incredible_a diligence_n not_o regard_v what_o pain_n or_o what_o trouble_v it_o require_v but_o two_o thing_n they_o observe_v with_o a_o curiosity_n more_o than_o ordinary_a one_o be_v to_o place_v their_o camp_n in_o a_o air_n that_o be_v healthful_a and_o fresh_a and_o the_o other_o be_v to_o place_v it_o where_o the_o enemy_n may_v not_o easy_o besiege_v they_o or_o cut_v off_o their_o provision_n to_o avoid_v the_o unhealthfulness_n of_o the_o place_n they_o avoid_v all_o fenny_a and_o boggish_a place_n or_o where_o the_o wind_n be_v cold_a and_o unwholesome_a which_o unwholsomness_n they_o do_v not_o so_o much_o compute_v from_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o place_n as_o from_o the_o complexion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n and_o when_o they_o find_v they_o swart_a or_o blowsy_a they_o never_o encamp_v there_o as_o to_o the_o other_o thing_n never_o to_o be_v besiege_v or_o straighten_v by_o a_o enemy_n you_o must_v consider_v the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n both_o where_o your_o friend_n be_v place_v and_o where_o your_o enemy_n and_o then_o to_o make_v your_o conjecture_n whether_o you_o can_v be_v besiege_v or_o no._n it_o be_v necessary_a therefore_o a_o general_n be_v very_o skilful_a in_o the_o situation_n of_o the_o country_n and_o that_o he_o have_v those_o about_o he_o who_o understand_v it_o as_o well_o as_o he_o beside_o this_o there_o be_v another_o way_n of_o prevent_a disease_n and_o that_o be_v by_o provide_v that_o no_o disorder_n be_v use_v in_o your_o army_n for_o to_o keep_v it_o sound_v and_o in_o health_n the_o way_n be_v that_o your_o army_n sleep_n in_o tent_n that_o they_o be_v lodge_v as_o often_o as_o may_v be_v under_o tree_n that_o be_v shady_a where_o they_o may_v have_v fir_v to_o dress_v their_o meat_n that_o they_o may_v not_o be_v oblige_v to_o march_v in_o the_o heat_n so_o that_o in_o the_o summer_n time_n you_o must_v dislodge_v they_o before_o day_n and_o have_v a_o care_n in_o the_o winter_n that_o they_o march_v not_o in_o the_o snow_n nor_o upon_o the_o ice_n without_o the_o convenience_n of_o fire_n that_o they_o want_v not_o necessary_a clothes_n nor_o be_v constrain_v to_o drink_v ill_a water_n you_o must_v command_v the_o physician_n of_o the_o army_n to_o have_v a_o particular_a care_n of_o those_o