all_o that_o thou_o seesed_a and_o read_v be_v divine_a learn_v thus_o use_v be_v water_n turn_v to_o wine_n well_o may_v we_o then_o despair_v to_o draw_v his_o mind_n view_v here_o the_o case_n in_o the_o book_n the_o jewel_n find_v the_o life_n &_o death_n of_o hannibal_n the_o great_a captain_z of_o the_o carthaginian_n who_o maintain_v war_n against_o all_o the_o power_n of_o rome_n for_o eighteen_o year_n together_o in_o italy_n as_o also_o the_o life_n and_o death_n of_o epaminondas_n the_o great_a captain_z of_o the_o theban_n who_o be_v famous_a both_o for_o his_o virtue_n and_o valour_n by_o sa_o clarke_n sometime_o pastor_n in_o st_n bennet_n finck_n london_n london_n print_v for_o william_n miller_n at_o the_o guild_v acorn_n in_o st_n paul_n churchyard_n near_o the_o little_a north_n door_n 1665._o the_o life_n &_o death_n of_o hannibal_n the_o great_a carthaginian_a captain_z who_o maintain_v war_n in_o italy_n against_o the_o romam_n for_o eighteen_o year_n together_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d pastor_n in_o st_n bennet_n finck_n london_n london_n print_v for_o william_n miller_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o guilded-acorn_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n near_o the_o little_a north_n door_n 1665._o license_v roger_n l'estrange_n october_n 20._o 1664._o the_o life_n &_o death_n of_o hannibal_n the_o great_a hannibal_n the_o son_n of_o amilcar_n be_v about_o twenty_o six_o year_n old_a general_n when_o he_o be_v choose_v general_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a force_n in_o spain_n he_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o army_n as_o soon_o as_o asdrubal_n their_o late_a general_n be_v dead_a and_o the_o election_n be_v approve_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o senate_n of_o carthage_n wherewith_o hanno_n and_o his_o faction_n be_v nothing_o please_v this_o be_v now_o the_o three_o of_o the_o barchine_n family_n so_o call_v of_o amilcar_n who_o surname_n be_v barcas_fw-la that_o command_v in_o chief_a over_o the_o man_n of_o war._n hanno_n therefore_o and_o his_o partisan_n be_v neither_o able_a to_o tax_v the_o virtue_n of_o their_o enemy_n nor_o to_o perform_v the_o like_a service_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n have_v nothing_o leave_v whereby_o to_o value_v themselves_o except_v the_o general_a reprehension_n of_o war_n and_o cautelous_a advice_n of_o not_o provoke_v the_o roman_n but_o they_o be_v little_o regard_v for_o the_o carthaginian_n see_v apparent_o that_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o roman_n to_o the_o article_n of_o peace_n be_v like_a to_o hold_v no_o long_o than_o till_o the_o roman_n can_v find_v some_o good_a advantage_n to_o renew_v the_o war._n it_o be_v therefore_o rather_o desire_v by_o the_o carthaginian_n that_o whilst_o they_o be_v in_o a_o fit_a condition_n the_o war_n shall_v begin_v rather_o than_o in_o some_o unhappy_a time_n of_o famine_n or_o pestilence_n or_o after_o some_o great_a loss_n in_o their_o army_n or_o fleet_n they_o shall_v be_v drive_v to_o yield_v to_o the_o impudent_a demand_n of_o their_o insult_a enemy_n this_o 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a_o few_o day_n he_o become_v master_n not_o only_o of_o it_o but_o of_o all_o the_o other_o town_n in_o their_o country_n and_o the_o winter_n come_v on_o he_o rest_v his_o army_n in_o new_a carthage_n or_o carthagena_n impart_v liberal_o to_o his_o soldier_n of_o the_o spoil_n that_o he_o have_v get_v in_o his_o late_a conquest_n in_o the_o spring_n he_o make_v war_n upon_o the_o vaccâ—i_n and_o with_o little_a difficulty_n wan_a first_o salamanca_n and_o after_o it_o arbucala_n though_o not_o without_o a_o long_a siege_n and_o much_o difficulty_n but_o in_o his_o return_n he_o be_v put_v to_o the_o height_n both_o of_o his_o valour_n and_o prudence_n for_o all_o such_o of_o the_o vaâ—caei_n that_o can_v bear_v arm_n policy_n be_v make_v desperate_a by_o the_o spoil_n of_o their_o country_n with_o diverse_a other_o that_o have_v escape_v in_o the_o late_a overthrow_n join_v with_o the_o toletans_n make_v up_o a_o army_n of_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o able_a man_n wait_v for_o hannibal_n on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n tagus_n they_o know_v that_o he_o be_v very_o adventurous_a and_o have_v never_o turn_v his_o back_n upon_o any_o enemy_n and_o therefore_o hope_v that_o have_v he_o at_o such_o a_o advantage_n they_o shall_v easy_o have_v foil_v he_o but_o at_o this_o time_n our_o great_a man_n of_o war_n know_v as_o well_o how_o to_o dissemble_v his_o courage_n as_o at_o other_o time_n to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o it_o for_o he_o withdraw_v himself_o from_o the_o river_n side_n as_o seem_v fearful_a to_o pass_v over_o it_o aim_v thereby_o to_o draw_v over_o that_o great_a multitude_n from_o their_o bank_n of_o advantage_n the_o spaniard_n as_o hannibal_n expect_v and_o desire_v think_v that_o he_o retreat_v out_o of_o fear_n thrust_v themselves_o in_o a_o disorder_a manner_n into_o the_o river_n to_o pursue_v he_o but_o when_o hannibal_n see_v they_o well_o near_o over_o he_o turn_v back_o his_o elephant_n to_o antertain_v they_o at_o their_o land_n and_o thrust_v his_o horseman_n both_o above_o and_o beneath_o they_o into_o the_o river_n who_o by_o the_o advantage_n of_o their_o weapon_n slay_v almost_o all_o of_o those_o in_o the_o river_n without_o resistance_n and_o then_o pursue_v the_o rest_n victory_n who_o be_v amaze_v flee_v and_o so_o he_o make_v a_o very_a great_a slaughter_n of_o they_o the_o saguntines_n perceive_v the_o storm_n draw_v near_o to_o they_o hasten_v their_o ambassador_n to_o rome_n who_o complain_v that_o they_o be_v like_a to_o be_v undo_v only_o for_o their_o friendship_n to_o the_o roman_n this_o so_o move_v the_o senate_n that_o some_o will_v have_v war_n present_o proclaim_v both_o by_o sea_n and_o land_n and_o the_o two_o consul_n send_v with_o army_n one_o into_o spain_n the_o other_o into_o africa_n but_o other_o go_v more_o sober_o to_o work_v according_a to_o the_o roman_a gravity_n whereby_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o ambassador_n shall_v be_v send_v into_o spain_n to_o view_v the_o state_n 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office_n yet_o despise_v he_o not_o this_o mean_a office_n but_o discharge_v it_o very_o faithful_o for_o say_v he_o the_o office_n or_o authority_n show_v not_o only_o what_o the_o man_n be_v but_o also_o the_o man_n what_o the_o office_n be_v short_o after_o epaminondas_n be_v return_v out_o of_o thessaly_n the_o arcadian_n be_v overcome_v by_o archidamus_n and_o the_o lacedaemonian_n who_o in_o the_o fight_n lose_v not_o a_o man_n and_o therefore_o they_o call_v this_o journey_n the_o tearlesse_a battle_n and_o epaminondas_n forseeing_a that_o the_o arcadian_n will_v yet_o have_v another_o storm_n he_o give_v they_o counsel_n to_o fortify_v their_o town_n which_o they_o do_v according_o and_o build_v that_o city_n which_o afterwad_v be_v call_v megalopolis_n build_v situate_v in_o a_o very_a convenient_a place_n whilst_o the_o theban_n make_v war_n with_o the_o elian_o their_o neighbour_n the_o mind_n of_o epaminondas_n be_v always_o lift_v up_o to_o high_a erterprise_n for_o the_o good_a of_o his_o country_n wherefore_o in_o a_o oration_n which_o he_o make_v to_o his_o citizen_n he_o persuade_v they_o to_o make_v themselves_o strong_a by_o sea_n and_o to_o endeavour_v to_o get_v the_o principality_n and_o to_o make_v themselves_o the_o lord_n thereof_o this_o oration_n be_v full_a of_o lively_a reason_n whereby_o he_o show_v and_o prove_v unto_o they_o that_o the_o enterpize_n be_v both_o honourable_a and_o profitable_a which_o he_o make_v out_o by_o sundry_a argument_n tell_v they_o that_o it_o be_v a_o easy_a thing_n for_o they_o who_o be_v now_o the_o strong_a by_o land_n to_o make_v themselves_o also_o the_o strong_a by_o sea_n and_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o athenian_n in_o the_o war_n against_o xerxes_n though_o they_o have_v arm_v and_o set_v forth_o two_o hundred_o galley_n arm_v and_o well_o appoint_v with_o man_n yet_o they_o willing_o submit_v themselves_o to_o the_o lacedaemonian_n he_o allege_v many_o other_o reason_n whereby_o he_o 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theban_n fall_v out_o with_o the_o city_n of_o orchomene_n which_o have_v do_v they_o great_a hurt_n and_o mischief_n and_o have_v win_v it_o by_o assault_n slay_v all_o the_o man_n that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n and_o make_v all_o the_o woman_n and_o child_n slave_n some_o time_n after_o the_o death_n of_o pelopidas_n certain_a private_a person_n of_o mantinaea_n fear_v to_o be_v call_v to_o a_o account_n for_o their_o bad_a behaviour_n and_o robbery_n which_o they_o have_v commit_v if_o the_o arcadian_n and_o elian_o shall_v agree_v they_o so_o bring_v it_o about_o that_o they_o raise_v a_o new_a quarrel_n in_o the_o country_n war_n which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o faction_n whereof_o the_o mantinean_n be_v the_o chief_a on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o tageates_n on_o the_o other_o this_o quarrel_n go_v so_o far_o that_o the_o party_n will_v needs_o try_v it_o by_o arm_n the_o tageates_n send_v to_o request_v aid_n of_o the_o theban_n who_o according_o choose_v epaminondas_n their_o captain_n general_n and_o send_v he_o with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o man_n of_o war_n to_o aid_v the_o tageates_n the_o mantinean_n be_v terrify_v with_o this_o aid_n that_o come_v out_o of_o boeotia_n to_o their_o eneemy_n and_o at_o the_o reputation_n of_o their_o captain_n they_o immediate_o send_v to_o the_o athenian_n and_o lacedaemonian_n the_o great_a enemy_n of_o the_o boeotian_n for_o their_o assistance_n which_o both_o the_o city_n grant_v upon_o this_o there_o fall_v out_o many_o and_o great_a skirmish_n in_o diverse_a part_n of_o peloponnesus_n and_o epaminondas_n be_v not_o far_o off_o from_o mantinaea_n understand_v by_o some_o of_o the_o country_n man_n that_o agesilaus_n and_o his_o lacedaemonian_n be_v come_v into_o the_o field_n and_o that_o they_o waste_v all_o the_o territory_n of_o the_o tageates_n whereupon_o judge_v that_o there_o be_v but_o few_o man_n leave_v in_o the_o city_n of_o sparta_n to_o defend_v it_o he_o undertake_v a_o great_a exploit_n and_o dangerous_a and_o have_v certain_o effect_v it_o if_o the_o marvellous_a good_a fortune_n of_o sparta_n have_v not_o hinder_v it_o his_o design_n be_v this_o attempt_v he_o depart_v from_o tegea_n by_o night_n the_o mantinean_n know_v nothing_o of_o it_o and_o take_v a_o by_o way_n he_o have_v certain_o surprise_v sparta_n without_o strike_v a_o stroke_n have_v not_o a_o post_n of_o candia_n speedy_o carry_v word_n of_o it_o to_o agesilaus_n who_o immediate_o dispatch_v away_o a_o horsman_n to_o give_v intelligence_n to_o they_o of_o sparta_n to_o stand_v upon_o their_o guard_n and_o he_o himself_o speedy_o haste_v after_o and_o arrive_v there_o a_o little_a before_o the_o come_n of_o the_o theban_n who_o be_v very_o near_o the_o city_n a_o little_a before_o day_n they_o give_v a_o assault_n to_o they_o that_o defend_v it_o this_o make_v agesilâ—us_a to_o bestir_v himself_o wonderful_o even_o beyond_o the_o strength_n of_o so_o old_a a_o man_n but_o his_o son_n archidamus_n and_o isada_n the_o son_n of_o phaebidas_n fight_v valiant_o on_o all_o part_n epaminondas_n see_v how_o prepare_v the_o spartan_n be_v to_o oppose_v he_o begin_v then_o to_o suspect_v that_o his_o design_n be_v discover_v yet_o notwithstanding_o he_o leave_v not_o off_o to_o force_v they_o all_o he_o can_v though_o he_o fight_v with_o great_a disadvantage_n consider_v the_o place_n wherein_o he_o be_v yea_o he_o continue_v fight_v courageous_o till_o the_o army_n of_o the_o lacedaemonian_n come_v on_o and_o till_o the_o night_n approach_v whereupon_o he_o sound_v a_o retreat_n then_o be_v inform_v that_o the_o mantinean_n come_v on_o also_o with_o their_o force_n he_o withdraw_v his_o army_n somewhat_o far_o off_o from_o the_o town_n and_o there_o camped_n after_o which_o he_o cause_v his_o man_n to_o refresh_v themselves_o with_o victual_n and_o leave_v certain_a horseman_n in_o the_o camp_n he_o command_v they_o to_o make_v fire_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n himself_o with_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o man_n go_v to_o surprise_v mantinaea_n before_o any_o shall_v discover_v that_o he_o be_v depart_v frustrate_v yet_o herein_o also_o he_o fail_v of_o his_o purpose_n the_o prosperity_n of_o the_o theban_n be_v come_v to_o its_o height_n and_o the_o course_n of_o epaminondas_n his_o life_n draw_v near_o to_o a_o end_n whereby_o greece_n be_v deprive_v of_o this_o noble_a and_o famous_a captain_n from_o who_o be_v take_v a_o most_o notable_a victory_n and_o that_o twice_o by_o strange_a accident_n for_o at_o the_o second_o time_n when_o he_o be_v come_v near_o to_o mantinaea_n that_o be_v leave_v without_o guard_n and_o defence_n just_o then_o on_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o town_n there_o arrive_v six_o thousand_o athenian_n conduct_v by_o their_o captain_n hegelecus_n who_o have_v put_v sufficient_a force_n into_o the_o town_n order_v the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n in_o battle_n array_n without_o the_o wall_n and_o immediate_o also_o come_v the_o mantinean_n and_o lacedaemonian_n together_o who_o prepare_v to_o put_v all_o to_o the_o hazard_n of_o a_o battle_n and_o therefore_o send_v for_o their_o ally_n from_o all_o part_n and_o when_o they_o be_v come_v together_o they_o be_v in_o all_o twenty_o five_o thousand_o foot_n and_o two_o thousand_o horse_n the_o arcadian_n boeotian_n and_o their_o partaker_n be_v thirty_o thousand_o foot_n and_o three_o thousand_o horse_n when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o battle_n first_o the_o horse_n charge_v with_o great_a fury_n battle_n and_o the_o horseman_n of_o the_o athenian_n encounter_v with_o the_o thehan_n prove_v too_o weak_a for_o they_o not_o because_o they_o be_v less_o valiant_a or_o hardy_a than_o the_o other_o but_o because_o they_o have_v not_o so_o good_a chieftain_n and_o have_v few_o archer_n among_o their_o troop_n the_o theban_n on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v all_o excellent_o well_o appoint_v and_o have_v
water_n but_o he_o be_v great_o assist_v by_o those_o of_o vivaret_n and_o lionois_n for_o though_o many_o of_o they_o have_v transport_v themselves_o and_o their_o good_n into_o dauphin_n think_v to_o defend_v the_o bank_n against_o he_o yet_o such_o as_o remain_v be_v willing_a to_o free_v their_o country_n from_o such_o unwelcome_a guest_n they_o help_v he_o to_o make_v boat_n inform_v he_o of_o a_o better_a passage_n high_o up_o the_o river_n and_o send_v he_o guide_n when_o his_o boat_n be_v ready_a he_o send_v hanno_n the_o son_n of_o bomilcar_n oppose_v up_o the_o river_n to_o the_o foard_n and_o himself_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n make_v a_o show_n of_o enter_v the_o foard_n below_o that_o hanno_n charge_v the_o gaul_n on_o their_o own_o side_n and_o himself_o at_o the_o same_o time_n pass_v the_o river_n in_o their_o face_n france_n may_v win_v the_o further_a bank_n which_o be_v do_v according_o though_o with_o some_o difficulty_n and_o thereby_o the_o enemy_n be_v disperse_v have_v pass_v this_o first_o brunt_n and_o overcome_v both_o the_o rage_n of_o the_o river_n and_o those_o that_o defend_v it_o he_o be_v visit_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o the_o cisalpine-gaul_n that_o inhabit_v piedmont_n and_o milan_n who_o have_v late_o revolt_v from_o the_o roman_n alps._n these_o inform_v he_o that_o the_o passage_n over_o the_o alps_o be_v not_o so_o difficult_a as_o report_v make_v it_o and_o give_v he_o guide_n with_o many_o other_o encouragement_n yet_o find_v he_o himself_o extreme_o encumber_v by_o the_o savoyard_n and_o lose_v more_o of_o his_o carriage_n and_o carthaginian_n than_o he_o can_v well_o spare_v for_o he_o be_v twice_o strong_o assault_v by_o they_o before_o he_o can_v recover_v the_o plain_n on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o be_v fifteen_o day_n pass_v over_o the_o alps_o wherein_o beside_o the_o trouble_n of_o his_o enemy_n he_o be_v much_o assault_v by_o foul_a weather_n and_o snow_n it_o be_v now_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n but_o the_o fair_a and_o fertile_a plain_n which_o they_o now_o be_v enter_v into_o with_o the_o assistance_n and_o encouragement_n of_o the_o cisalpine_a gaul_n give_v they_o much_o comfort_n have_v nothing_o else_o of_o difficulty_n remain_v but_o that_o which_o from_o the_o begin_n they_o make_v account_v to_o overcome_v by_o their_o proper_a valour_n and_o resolution_n namely_o the_o roman_a army_n and_o resistance_n the_o roman_a ambassador_n who_o have_v denounce_v war_n at_o carthage_n in_o their_o return_n homeward_o take_v spain_n in_o their_o way_n with_o a_o purpose_n to_o draw_v into_o their_o alliance_n as_o many_o city_n and_o prince_n as_o they_o can_v the_o first_o that_o they_o attempt_v be_v the_o volcian_n from_o who_o they_o receive_v this_o answer_n that_o they_o will_v never_o join_v with_o they_o who_o have_v forsake_v the_o saguntine_n in_o their_o great_a need_n and_o that_o themselves_o have_v find_v the_o cathaginian_o such_o good_a neighbour_n that_o they_o mean_v still_o to_o adhere_v to_o they_o from_o spain_n the_o ambassador_n pass_v through_o gaul_n persuade_v they_o not_o to_o suffer_v hannibal_n to_o pass_v through_o their_o countery_a and_o glory_v much_o in_o their_o own_o strength_n but_o the_o gaul_n laugh_v they_o to_o scorn_v and_o have_v scarce_o patience_n to_o hear_v they_o speak_v tell_v they_o that_o they_o mean_v not_o to_o set_v their_o own_o house_n on_o fire_n to_o save_v the_o roman_n from_o burn_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v never_o offend_v they_o as_o the_o roman_n have_v do_v who_o have_v already_o force_v some_o of_o they_o out_o of_o their_o habitation_n and_o make_v other_o tributary_n who_o be_v as_o free_a as_o themselves_o with_o these_o unpleasing_a answer_v the_o ambassador_n return_v home_o carry_v no_o good_a news_n of_o friend_n like_o to_o help_v they_o but_o rather_o that_o the_o gaul_n intend_v to_o take_v part_n with_o their_o enemy_n and_o according_o when_o the_o cisalpine-gaul_n hear_v that_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v pass_v iberus_n and_o be_v march_v towards_o rome_n the_o bâ—ij_n roman_n and_o insubrian_o rise_v up_o against_o the_o roman_n their_o quarrel_n be_v the_o late_a plant_n of_o roman_a colony_n at_o câ—emona_n and_o placentia_n within_o their_o territory_n rely_v therefore_o upon_o the_o carthaginian_a succour_n which_o they_o think_v to_o be_v at_o hand_n lay_v aside_o all_o regard_n of_o those_o hostage_n that_o they_o have_v late_o give_v to_o the_o roman_n they_o fall_v upon_o those_o colony_n the_o town_n they_o can_v not_o win_v but_o they_o force_v the_o roman_a commissioner_n which_o be_v abroad_o to_o fly_v into_o modena_n modena_n where_o they_o besiege_v they_o but_o the_o gaul_n have_v little_a skill_n in_o besiege_v city_n grow_v weary_a and_o be_v desirous_a of_o peace_n this_o they_o do_v on_o purpose_n to_o draw_v on_o some_o meeting_n that_o lay_v hand_n on_o the_o roman_a deputy_n they_o may_v with_o they_o redeem_v their_o hostage_n and_o it_o fall_v out_o in_o part_n according_a to_o their_o wish_n for_o ambassador_n come_v to_o they_o from_o rome_n to_o treat_v with_o they_o they_o make_v they_o prisoner_n manlius_n the_o praetor_n hear_v of_o this_o outrage_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a but_o the_o gaul_n lay_v a_o ambush_n in_o his_o way_n that_o fall_v upon_o he_o utter_o rout_v he_o and_o slay_v most_o of_o his_o army_n except_o a_o few_o that_o escape_v into_o a_o defensible_a place_n upon_o the_o river_n po._n this_o be_v hear_v of_o at_o rome_n c._n atilius_n the_o other_o praetor_n haste_v with_o a_o other_o army_n to_o relieve_v the_o besiege_a but_o as_o the_o gaul_n be_v too_o hasty_a so_o the_o roman_n be_v too_o slow_a in_o the_o begin_n of_o this_o war._n spain_n for_o they_o can_v not_o believe_v that_o carthage_n which_o have_v almost_o servile_o endure_v so_o many_o indignity_n from_o they_o in_o the_o late_a peace_n dare_v be_v so_o bold_a on_o a_o sudden_a as_o to_o attempt_v the_o conquest_n of_o italy_n itself_o wherefore_o they_o appoint_v one_o of_o their_o consul_n to_o make_v war_n in_o spain_n and_o the_o other_o in_o africa_n titus_n sempronius_n go_v into_o africa_n with_o one_o hundred_o and_o sixty_o galley_n of_o five_o to_o a_o oar_n which_o preparation_n seem_v to_o threaten_v carthage_n herself_o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n the_o other_o consul_n haste_v towards_o spain_n and_o by_o the_o way_n touch_v at_o massilia_n he_o be_v there_o inform_v that_o hannibal_n have_v pass_v the_o river_n rhodanus_n who_o he_o have_v think_v to_o have_v find_v busy_a in_o spain_n hannibal_n also_o hear_v of_o the_o consul_n arrival_n with_o who_o he_o mean_v to_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v yet_o both_o send_v forth_o scout_n hannibal_n send_v out_o five_o hundred_o numidian_n and_o scipio_n three_o hundred_o of_o his_o best_a horse_n they_o meet_v and_o fight_v and_o the_o roman_n have_v the_o better_a of_o it_o but_o when_o scipio_n draw_v near_o think_v to_o have_v meâ—_n with_o the_o carthaginian_n he_o find_v that_o they_o be_v go_v three_o day_n before_o with_o a_o intent_n to_o see_v the_o wall_n of_o rome_n scipio_n hereupon_o send_v his_o brother_n cn._n cornelius_n scipio_n into_o spain_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o army_n against_o asdrubal_n and_o himself_o with_o the_o choice_a return_v baâ—k_n and_o land_v at_o pisa_n he_o march_v through_o tuscany_n and_o lombary_n where_o he_o draw_v together_o the_o break_a band_n of_o manlius_n and_o atilius_n who_o be_v late_o beat_v by_o the_o gaul_n intend_v therewith_o to_o oppose_v the_o enemy_n think_v to_o find_v they_o tire_v with_o their_o long_a journey_n five_o month_n hannibal_n have_v spend_v in_o that_o tedious_a march_n from_o carthagena_n when_o he_o have_v pass_v rhodanus_n he_o have_v in_o his_o army_n but_o thirty_o eight_o thousand_o foot_n and_o eight_o thousand_o horse_n the_o rest_n have_v perish_v with_o disease_n enemy_n river_n and_o mountain_n march_n have_v new_o pass_v the_o alps_o and_o scarce_o refresh_v his_o weary_a army_n in_o piedmont_n he_o seek_v the_o friendship_n of_o the_o taurini_n who_o be_v at_o this_o time_n in_o war_n with_o the_o insubrian_o his_o good_a friend_n the_o taurini_n refuse_v it_o whereupon_o he_o besiege_v their_o chief_a town_n and_o in_o three_o day_n win_v it_o the_o spoil_n whereof_o do_v much_o encourage_v his_o army_n and_o the_o other_o calamity_n terrify_v their_o neighbour_n most_o of_o those_o part_n will_v willing_o have_v join_v with_o hannibal_n but_o when_o the_o consul_n scipio_n come_v among_o they_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v better_o advise_v this_o waver_a affection_n among_o the_o people_n make_v the_o general_n to_o hasten_v to_o a_o battle_n their_o meeting_n be_v aâ—_n tieâ—nunâ—_n now_o pavia_n where_o each_o of_o they_o wonder_v at_o the_o other_o expedition_n the_o
senate_n at_o rome_n be_v much_o amaze_v at_o hannibal_n arrival_n in_o italy_n wherefore_o they_o send_v present_o to_o sempronius_n and_o the_o other_o consul_n now_o in_o sicily_n to_o give_v he_o notice_n of_o it_o and_o to_o require_v he_o speedy_o to_o return_v with_o his_o army_n for_o the_o safeguard_n of_o italy_n fight_v which_o according_o he_o do_v scipio_n and_o hannibal_n be_v now_o so_o near_o that_o fight_v they_o must_v ere_o they_o can_v part_v and_o therefore_o each_o of_o they_o encourage_v their_o soldier_n by_o the_o best_a argument_n they_o have_v hannibal_n assure_v his_o man_n that_o there_o be_v no_o mean_a betwixt_o victory_n and_o death_n battle_n when_o the_o army_n approach_v near_o each_o to_o other_o scipio_n send_v forth_o his_o horseman_n of_o the_o gaul_n to_o begin_v the_o fight_n line_v they_o with_o his_o darter_n for_o their_o assistance_n himself_o with_o his_o man_n at_o arm_n follow_v slow_o in_o good_a order_n the_o gaul_n be_v in_o their_o general_n sight_n behave_v themselves_o gallant_o and_o be_v as_o brave_o oppose_v but_o their_o darter_n at_o the_o very_a first_o run_v cowardly_a away_o without_o cast_v a_o dart_n for_o fear_v of_o be_v tread_v down_o by_o the_o enemy_n horse_n yet_o do_v the_o gaul_n maintain_v it_o stout_o and_o do_v more_o hurt_n than_o they_o receive_v neither_o be_v scipio_n unmindful_a to_o relieve_v they_o wherefore_o he_o adventure_v himself_o so_o far_o that_o he_o receive_v a_o dangerous_a wound_n and_o have_v there_o perish_v if_o his_o son_n afterward_o call_v africanus_n have_v not_o bring_v he_o off_o whilst_o the_o roman_n be_v busy_a in_o help_v their_o consul_n a_o unexpected_a storm_n assail_v they_o at_o their_o back_n hannibal_n have_v appoint_v his_o numidian_a horseman_n to_o charge_v the_o roman_n in_o their_o flank_n and_o to_o compass_v they_o about_o whilst_o he_o with_o his_o man_n at_o arm_n sustain_v their_o charge_n and_o meet_v they_o in_o the_o face_n the_o numidian_n preform_v it_o well_o cut_v in_o piece_n the_o scatter_a foot_n that_o run_v away_o at_o the_o first_o encounter_n and_o then_o fall_v on_o the_o back_n of_o those_o that_o charge_v hannibal_n by_o this_o impression_n the_o roman_n be_v shuâ—â—ed_v together_o and_o rout_v betake_v themselves_o to_o their_o heel_n beat_v and_o leave_v to_o their_o enemy_n the_o honour_n of_o the_o day_n scipio_n perceive_v how_o thing_n be_v like_a to_o go_v almost_o steal_v the_o retreat_n with_o most_o of_o his_o footman_n yet_o unbroken_a and_o recover_v the_o bridge_n over_o ticinus_n but_o notwithstanding_o his_o haste_n he_o lose_v six_o hundred_o of_o his_o man_n which_o bring_v up_o his_o rear_n and_o shall_v have_v break_v down_o the_o bridge_n it_o be_v two_o day_n after_o ere_o hannibal_n can_v pass_v the_o river_n scipio_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n refresh_v his_o man_n and_o ease_v himself_o of_o his_o wound_n in_o placentia_n but_o when_o hannibal_n present_v they_o battle_n again_o and_o they_o dare_v not_o accept_v of_o it_o the_o gaul_n which_o before_o assist_v the_o roman_n out_o of_o fear_n take_v courage_n and_o leave_v they_o and_o think_v that_o now_o the_o time_n be_v come_v for_o the_o recovery_n of_o their_o liberty_n that_o night_n they_o fall_v upon_o the_o roman_a camp_n wound_v and_o slay_v many_o especial_o of_o those_o that_o keep_v the_o guard_n with_o who_o head_n in_o their_o hand_n they_o flee_v over_o to_o the_o carthaginian_n roman_n and_o present_v their_o service_n hannibal_n receive_v they_o exceed_v courteous_o and_o send_v they_o to_o their_o own_o home_n that_o they_o may_v preswade_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n to_o become_v his_o confederate_n the_o same_o night_n the_o consul_n steal_v a_o retreat_n as_o he_o have_v do_v before_o but_o not_o with_o the_o like_a success_n for_o hannibal_n have_v a_o eye_n upon_o he_o and_o ere_o he_o be_v go_v far_o consul_n he_o send_v his_o numidian_n after_o he_o and_o himself_o follow_v with_o the_o body_n of_o his_o army_n then_o have_v the_o roman_n receive_v a_o great_a blow_n but_o the_o numidian_n greedy_a of_o prey_n fall_v to_o ransack_v their_o camp_n and_o thereby_o give_v they_o liberty_n of_o escape_v only_o some_o in_o the_o rear_n be_v either_o slay_v or_o take_v prisoner_n scipio_n be_v unable_a to_o travel_v by_o reason_n of_o his_o wound_n and_o judge_v it_o meet_v to_o stay_v for_o the_o come_n of_o his_o fellow_n consul_n entrench_v himself_o strong_o upon_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n trebia_n which_o so_o diminish_v his_o reputation_n that_o every_o day_n more_o of_o the_o gaul_n fall_v to_o hannibal_n among_o who_o come_v in_o the_o boij_fw-la that_o bring_v with_o they_o the_o roman_a commissioner_n hitherto_o they_o have_v keep_v they_o as_o pledge_n wherewith_o to_o recover_v their_o own_o hostage_n but_o now_o they_o deliver_v they_o to_o hannibal_n as_o token_n of_o their_o affection_n to_o he_o hannibal_n be_v in_o great_a want_n of_o victual_n he_o attempt_v the_o take_n of_o clastidium_n clastidium_n wherein_o the_o roman_n have_v lay_v all_o their_o store_n and_o ammunition_n and_o a_o brundusian_a that_o have_v the_o keep_n of_o it_o surrender_v it_o to_o he_o for_o a_o little_a money_n the_o news_n of_o these_o disaster_n come_v to_o rome_n fill_v the_o senate_n and_o people_n with_o a_o desire_n of_o revenge_n their_o foot_n wherein_o their_o great_a strength_n lay_v be_v yet_o entire_a they_o therefore_o haste_v away_o sempronius_n with_o his_o army_n who_o by_o speedy_a march_n come_v to_o scipio_n upon_o the_o bank_n of_o trebia_n the_o consul_n take_v counsel_v what_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v do_v now_o that_o their_o army_n be_v conjoin_v sempronius_n be_v eager_a to_o fight_v before_o scipio_n recover_v of_o his_o wound_n that_o he_o may_v get_v the_o whole_a glory_n of_o the_o victory_n he_o also_o fear_v the_o election_n of_o new_a consul_n his_o time_n be_v almost_o expire_v but_o scipio_n persuade_v the_o contrary_a by_o many_o argument_n yet_o will_v not_o sempronius_n be_v take_v off_o wherewith_o hannibal_n be_v exceed_o please_v who_o fear_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o delay_n to_o further_o the_o desire_n of_o sempronius_n the_o gaul_n that_o inhabit_v near_o to_o trebia_n complain_v of_o injury_n do_v to_o they_o by_o the_o carthaginian_n indeed_o they_o neglect_v to_o supply_v hannibal_n with_o necessary_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v bold_a to_o be_v his_o own_o carver_n hereupon_o sempronius_n send_v forth_o a_o thousand_o horse_n which_o come_v unlooked_a for_o upon_o hannibal_n forager_n who_o be_v heavy_a lade_v beat_v they_o cut_v many_o of_o they_o in_o piece_n and_o chase_v the_o rest_n even_o to_o their_o camp_n this_o indignity_n make_v the_o carthaginian_n to_o sally_v out_o who_o cause_v they_o to_o retire_v fast_o than_o they_o come_v sempronius_n relieve_v his_o own_o man_n and_o hannibal_n do_v the_o like_a so_o that_o at_o length_n the_o roman_a army_n be_v draw_v forth_o and_o battle_n offer_v if_o the_o carthaginian_n have_v not_o refuse_v it_o this_o victory_n for_o so_o the_o consul_n will_v name_v it_o make_v the_o roman_n very_o desirous_a to_o try_v it_o out_o in_o open_a field_n notwithstanding_o scipio_n dissuasion_n from_o it_o this_o hannibal_n be_v inform_v of_o by_o the_o gaul_n that_o be_v in_o the_o roman_a camp_n therefore_o he_o resolve_v to_o secure_v the_o victory_n by_o add_v a_o stratagem_n to_o his_o fort_n he_o find_v in_o a_o hallow_v place_n overgrow_v with_o reed_n a_o fit_a trench_n to_o cover_v a_o ambush_n therein_o he_o cast_v his_o brother_n mago_n with_o a_o thousand_o choice_n horse_n and_o as_o many_o foot_n the_o rest_n of_o his_o army_n when_o he_o have_v well_o feed_v and_o refresh_v they_o he_o lead_v into_o the_o field_n and_o march_v towards_o the_o consul_n early_o in_o the_o morning_n he_o have_v send_v over_o the_o river_n some_o numidian_a horseman_n to_o brave_a the_o enemy_n and_o draw_v he_o forth_o to_o a_o bad_a dinner_n before_o he_o have_v break_v his_o fast._n sempronius_n ready_o embrace_v the_o opportunity_n of_o fight_v and_o forthwith_o send_v over_o the_o river_n in_o a_o miserable_a cold_a day_n his_o footman_n who_o be_v almost_o to_o the_o armhole_n which_o together_o with_o the_o waâ—t_n of_o food_n do_v much_o enfeeble_v they_o the_o roman_n be_v strong_a in_o foot_n have_v in_o all_o thirty_o six_o thousand_o the_o mass_n of_o those_o be_v range_v in_o a_o gross_a battalion_n battle_n guard_v on_o the_o flank_n with_o three_o thousand_o horse_n thrust_v their_o light-armed_n and_o darter_n in_o loose_a company_n before_o the_o rest_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o vanguard_n the_o carthaginian_n equal_v they_o in_o foot_n and_o exceed_v they_o in_o horse_n when_o therefore_o the_o roman_a horse_n be_v break_v by_o the_o numidian_n when_o their_o foot_n be_v
they_o decline_v the_o fight_n the_o carthaginian_a battle_n be_v herewith_o more_o terrify_v then_o before_o so_o that_o refuse_v to_o give_v way_n to_o the_o mercenary_n they_o sell_v out_o among_o themselves_o and_o forbear_v to_o make_v head_n against_o their_o enemy_n thus_o be_v many_o of_o they_o beat_v down_o and_o slay_v through_o their_o own_o indiscretion_n and_o this_o give_v the_o roman_n such_o advantage_n that_o the_o make_v a_o great_a slaughter_n both_o of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o mercenary_n who_o can_v neither_o fight_v nor_o easy_o fly_v such_o as_o can_v run_v towards_o hannibal_n who_o keep_v his_o ground_n and_o will_v not_o stir_v to_o help_v these_o run-waye_n then_o do_v scipio_n advance_v against_o hannibal_n who_o entertain_v he_o after_o a_o other_o manner_n than_o ever_o he_o have_v be_v receive_v in_o his_o life_n before_o all_o the_o former_a day_n work_v seem_v but_o a_o pastime_n in_o comparison_n of_o this_o the_o roman_n be_v encourage_v 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give_v up_o your_o ship_n and_o elephant_n and_o when_o you_o bind_v up_o your_o hand_n from_o use_n of_o arm_n without_o the_o good_a leave_n of_o the_o roman_n this_o miserable_a condition_n keep_v we_o under_o and_o hold_v we_o in_o assure_a sevitude_n but_o of_o these_o thing_n you_o have_v no_o feel_n now_o when_o a_o little_a money_n be_v wring_v from_o you_o you_o be_v very_o sensible_a of_o that_o god_n grant_v that_o the_o time_n come_v not_o wherein_o you_o shall_v acknowledge_v that_o it_o be_v the_o least_o part_n of_o your_o misery_n for_o which_o you_o have_v shed_v these_o tear_n employment_n afterward_o hannibal_n in_o the_o civil_a administration_n of_o the_o city_n give_v a_o overthrow_n or_o two_o to_o the_o judge_n which_o at_o that_o time_n bear_v all_o the_o sway_n in_o carthage_n have_v all_o the_o life_n good_n and_o fame_n of_o the_o rest_n in_o their_o power_n short_o after_o hannibal_n be_v choose_v praetor_n by_o virtue_n of_o which_o office_n he_o be_v 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hannibal_n will_v short_o be_v in_o arm_n for_o he_o be_v like_o a_o wild_a beast_n that_o can_v never_o be_v tame_v that_o he_o hold_v secret_a intelligence_n with_o king_n antiochus_n who_o be_v a_o enemy_n to_o the_o roman_n etc._n etc._n hereupon_o the_o senate_n send_v three_o ambassador_n to_o carthage_n to_o demand_v hannibal_n but_o he_o keep_v such_o good_a espial_n upon_o the_o roman_n that_o he_o be_v inform_v of_o their_o intention_n against_o which_o he_o be_v never_o unprepared_a and_o therefore_o when_o night_n be_v come_v he_o steal_v out_o of_o the_o city_n accompany_v with_o two_o friend_n who_o he_o can_v trust_v and_o have_v horse_n in_o a_o readiness_n he_o ride_v all_o night_n and_o come_v to_o a_o tower_n of_o his_o own_o by_o the_o sea_n sâ—â—e_z and_o have_v provide_v a_o ship_n in_o readiness_n he_o bad_a africa_a farewell_n tyre·_a lament_v the_o misfortune_n of_o his_o country_n more_o than_o his_o own_o and_o shape_v his_o course_n to_o tyre_n which_o be_v the_o mother_n city_n of_o carthage_n there_o he_o be_v entertain_v royal_o in_o who_o worth_n and_o honour_n the_o tyrian_n think_v themselves_o to_o have_v interest_n because_o of_o the_o affinity_n between_o the_o city_n thence_o go_v he_o to_o antiochus_n antioccus_n who_o be_v exceed_v glad_a of_o his_o come_n intend_v war_n against_o the_o roman_n to_o he_o hannibal_n give_v excellent_a advice_n how_o he_o may_v carry_v on_o his_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n neglect_v with_o best_a advantage_n but_o antiochus_n hearken_v more_o to_o his_o courtier_n than_o to_o he_o and_o so_o be_v shameful_o beat_v by_o the_o roman_n at_o which_o time_n he_o admire_v hannibal_n as_o a_o wise_a man_n yea_o as_o a_o prophet_n who_o long_o before_o have_v foresee_v and_o foretell_v he_o what_o now_o be_v come_v to_o pass_v and_o when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o wish_v that_o he_o have_v follow_v his_o counsel_n to_o be_v brief_a antiochus_n be_v force_v by_o the_o roman_n to_o sue_v for_o peace_n 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of_o pergamus_n prusias_n be_v encourage_v to_o break_v his_o league_n and_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o by_o his_o confidence_n in_o hannibal_n who_o he_o have_v there_o to_o manage_v his_o war_n for_o he_o the_o war_n therefore_o grow_v hot_a betwixt_o they_o both_o by_o land_n and_o sea_n but_o eumenes_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o roman_n overpowr_v prusias_n in_o both_o and_o whereas_o prusias_n be_v but_o weak_a of_o himself_o hannibal_n procure_v he_o the_o assistance_n of_o some_o other_o king_n and_o state_n and_o those_o of_o very_o warlike_a nation_n and_o among_o they_o the_o aid_n of_o philip_n king_n of_o macedonia_n who_o send_v he_o philocles_n his_o general_n with_o a_o very_a considerable_a army_n to_o help_v he_o when_o prusias_n have_v receive_v a_o overthrow_n from_o eumenes_n by_o land_n he_o seek_v to_o try_v his_o
pelopidas_n do_v so_o lift_v up_o and_o encourage_v the_o theban_n that_o they_o become_v more_o famous_a than_o 〈…〉_z be_v before_o the_o year_n follow_v artaxerxes_n king_n of_o persia_n intend_v to_o make_v war_n against_o egypt_n and_o therein_o to_o entertain_v diverse_a stranger_n labour_v to_o make_v peace_n among_o the_o grecian_n in_o hope_n that_o they_o be_v at_o peace_n among_o themselves_o will_v be_v the_o more_o willing_a to_o have_v soldier_n levy_v among_o they_o for_o which_o end_n he_o send_v ambassador_n to_o all_o the_o town_n of_o greece_n to_o preswade_v and_o entreat_v they_o to_o be_v at_o peace_n among_o themselves_o the_o greek_n be_v very_o willing_a to_o harken_v hereto_o be_v weary_v on_o all_o side_n with_o such_o long_a war_n and_o so_o be_v easy_o draw_v to_o make_v peace_n greek_n wherein_o it_o be_v especial_o agree_v and_o conclude_v that_o all_o the_o city_n of_o greece_n shall_v be_v free_a and_o use_v their_o own_o law_n and_o commissioner_n be_v 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contend_v among_o themselves_o about_o the_o principality_n of_o greece_n now_o agree_v that_o the_o one_o shall_v command_v by_o sea_n and_o the_o other_o by_o land_n and_o therefore_o they_o can_v not_o endure_v that_o the_o theban_n shall_v aspire_v to_o be_v chief_a which_o make_v they_o seek_v to_o dismember_v the_o other_o town_n of_o boeotia_n from_o they_o the_o rather_o for_o that_o the_o theban_n be_v strong_a and_o lusty_a of_o body_n and_o much_o encourage_v by_o their_o late_a victory_n over_o the_o lacedaemonian_n will_v now_o contend_v with_o they_o for_o their_o superiority_n have_v a_o wonderful_a confidence_n in_o the_o wisdom_n and_o prowess_n of_o their_o captain_n especial_o of_o epaminondas_n matter_n rest_v thus_o doubtful_a the_o citizen_n of_o plataees_n a_o town_n of_o boeotia_n be_v desirous_a to_o enter_v into_o league_n with_o the_o athenian_n promise_v that_o if_o they_o will_v send_v they_o soldier_n they_o will_v put_v the_o town_n into_o their_o hand_n but_o the_o governor_n of_o boeotia_n have_v intelligence_n of_o it_o and_o be_v desirous_a to_o prevent_v the_o athenian_n bring_v a_o party_n of_o soldier_n against_o it_o who_o come_v before_o plataees_n before_o the_o citizen_n hear_v any_o news_n of_o they_o so_o that_o part_n of_o they_o be_v surprise_v in_o the_o field_n by_o the_o horseman_n and_o the_o rest_n flee_v into_o the_o town_n where_o have_v no_o aid_n they_o be_v feign_v to_o accept_v of_o such_o term_n as_o it_o please_v the_o theban_n to_o grant_v they_o which_o be_v present_o to_o depart_v the_o town_n with_o bag_n and_o baggage_n destroy_v and_o never_o to_o return_v again_o into_o the_o country_n of_o boeotia_n then_o do_v they_o raze_v the_o city_n to_o the_o ground_n and_o sake_v the_o town_n of_o thespy_n which_o also_o be_v at_o enmity_n with_o they_o the_o ambassador_n of_o persia_n again_o solicit_v the_o greek_n to_o a_o general_n peace_n and_o commissioner_n from_o every_o town_n be_v to_o meet_v at_o sparta_n about_o it_o epaminondas_n be_v yet_o scarce_o know_v have_v labour_v to_o conceal_v himself_o and_o in_o all_o his_o exploit_n of_o war_n have_v ever_o prefer_v the_o advancement_n of_o his_o great_a friend_n and_o companion_n in_o arm_n pelopidas_n before_o himself_o he_o be_v now_o choose_v by_o the_o theban_n to_o go_v to_o sparta_n where_o find_v that_o the_o other_o commissioner_n do_v much_o comply_v with_o agesilaus_n he_o speak_v bold_o and_o plain_o not_o only_o in_o behalf_n of_o the_o theban_n but_o for_o all_o greece_n also_o make_v it_o evident_a to_o all_o wisdom_n that_o war_n still_o increase_v the_o greatness_n of_o sparta_n only_o which_o keep_v all_o the_o other_o town_n of_o greece_n under_o he_o therefore_o advise_v they_o to_o establish_v a_o firm_a peace_n which_o will_v last_v the_o long_o when_o all_o comprise_v in_o it_o shall_v be_v equal_n agesilaus_n perceive_v all_o the_o commissioner_n to_o be_v very_o attentive_a to_o and_o well_o please_v 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